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Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Problem:If you want to see a torrential downpour should you visit in the summer or the winter?, Context: Like much of the south Atlantic region of the United States, Jacksonville has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa), with mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers. Seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the warmest months from May through September, while the driest months are from November through April. Due to Jacksonville's low latitude and coastal location, the city sees very little cold weather, and winters are typically mild and sunny. Summers can be hot and wet, and summer thunderstorms with torrential but brief downpours are common.
Solution: | Summers | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 9e3a15b5b5dfd73a23ae398ee4e93657364390f29d1a19f82d0629eaf5d09e47 |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Part 2. Example
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic originating from China in 2002 was caused by a previously uncharacterized coronavirus that could be identified by specific RT-PCR amplification. Efforts to control future SARS outbreaks depend on the accurate and early identification of SARS-CoV infected patients. A real-time fluorogenic RT-PCR assay based on the 3 -noncoding region (3 -NCR) of SARS-CoV genome was developed as a quantitative SARS diagnostic tool. The ideal amplification efficiency of a sensitive SARS-CoV RT-PCR assay should yield an E value (PCR product concentration increase per amplification cycle) equal to 2.0. It was demonstrated that the 3 -NCR SARS-CoV based RT-PCR reactions could be formulated to reach excellent E values of 1.81, or 91% amplification efficacy. The SARS-CoV cDNA preparations derived from viral RNA extract and the cloned recombinant plasmid both exhibit the identical amplification characteristics, i.e. amplification efficacy using the same PCR formulation developed in this study. The viral genomic copy (or genomic equivalences, GE) per infectious unit (GE/pfu) of SARS-CoV used in this study was also established to be approximate 1200-1600:1. The assay's detection sensitivity could reach 0.005 pfu or 6-8 GE per assay. It was preliminarily demonstrated that the assay could efficiently detect SARS-CoV from clinical specimens of SARS probable and suspected patients identified in Taiwan. The 3 -NCR based SARS-CoV assay demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity testing samples of patients with acute respiratory disease from a non-SARS epidemic region.
Answer: Development and evaluation of an efficient 3 -noncoding region-based SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RT-PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV
Explanation: It's a correct title because the paragraph described the development of 3 -noncoding region of SARS-CoV genome and assay efficiently detecting SARS-CoV from clinical specimens.
Part 3. Exercise
Metagenomics is helping to expand the known diversity of viruses, especially of those with poorly studied hosts in remote areas. the Neotropical region harbors a considerable diversity of avian species that may play a role as both host and short-distance vectors of unknown viruses. Viral metagenomics of cloacal swabs from 50 Neotropical birds collected in French Guiana revealed the presence of four complete astrovirus genomes. they constitute an early diverging novel monophyletic clade within the Avastrovirus phylogeny, representing a putative new astrovirus species (provisionally designated as Avastrovirus 5) according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification criteria. their genomic organization shares some characteristics with Avastrovirus but also with Mamastrovirus. The pan-astrovirus RT-PCR analysis of the cloacal samples of 406 wild Neotropical birds showed a community-level prevalence of 4.9% (5.1% in passerines, the highest described so far in this order of birds). By screening birds of a remote region, we expanded the known host range of astroviruses to the avian families Cardinalidae, Conopophagidae, Furnariidae, thamnophilidae, Turdidae and Tyrannidae. Our results provide important first insights into the unexplored viral communities, the ecology, epidemiology and features of host-pathogen interactions that shape the evolution of avastroviruses in a remote Neotropical rainforest. The last decades have witnessed a broadening of the global diversity of viruses thanks to rapidly evolving random amplification sequencing technology. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized our knowledge by not only uncovering the diversity of viruses at an unprecedented rate, but also by allowing to gain insight into their ecology and distribution, helping to disentangle the network that connects viruses with their hosts and the geographical scenario in which such interactions take place 1 . However, deciphering the global virome and its structure becomes challenging not just because of the technical difficulties associated with the screening of diverse viruses, but because their many hosts are often understudied, particularly those from remote areas. The Neotropical region is one such example; being among the most biodiverse realms on Earth, Neotropical rainforests are candidates to host and conserve relevant parts of the virosphere diversity 2 . However, the knowledge of Neotropical viral diversity and their hosts is in its infancy. Given that zoonotic viruses are considered the most probable causative agents of emerging diseases 3 and that mammal and avian species are their main hosts 4,5 , the study of the wildlife viral diversity and their ecological context in these remote areas will provide important information for public and animal health to prevent potential new emerging viral epidemics 2,6 . For example, the great diversity of the Neotropical fauna harbors the risk of emergence of new infections in domestic animals and
Answer: | A novel group of avian astroviruses from Neotropical passerine birds broaden the diversity and host range of Astroviridae | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 59cbdb4c25c876adaa2f825a24813eeb5a5b499d969985c7b20aef5caadb40bc |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Frederick Clegg (Terence Stamp) is a lonely, unbalanced young man who stalks, kidnaps, and imprisons a pretty, young art student, Miranda Grey (Samantha Eggar). One day, after following her in his van, Frederick kidnaps and chloroforms Miranda, locking her in the windowless stone cellar that he has prepared with a bed, some furnishings, and an electric heater. Frederick is a butterfly collector and treats Miranda as if she is one of his specimens.When Frederick proclaims his love for Miranda, she fakes appendicitis as a ploy to escape but is caught. Seeking her freedom, Miranda tries to connect with Frederick, to bargain with him, and finally to seduce him, all to no avail. Many weeks go by, and Miranda realizes just how unstable Frederick is and that she will never leave alive. While being taken from the house to the cellar in the rain, she seizes a nearby shovel and strikes Frederick in the head with it. Frederick is wounded; but he manages to pull her back into the cellar, breaking the heater during their struggles. Miranda remains locked in the cold cellar, soaking wet. Frederick returns three days later to find Miranda terribly ill, and he goes into town to get medicine. When Frederick returns, he finds Miranda dead.In a voice over, he says it was Miranda's fault for not trying to get to know him and for losing his respect and that his only mistake was choosing a woman who was much too clever and of a different social background. The final scene shows Frederick back behind the wheel of his van, stalking a young nurse.
Output: | Question: What does Frederick collect?, Answer: Butterflies | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | d4ad570509d255dfd4346db80039966737b4bf9c34774c536a9bdb405259bdab |
You are given an open-domain question from an open movie database. Your task is to provide an answer to that question. Try to only include the answer. Do not put it in a sentence.
[Q]: Matthias Glasner was the director of which films?
[A]: The Free Will
[Q]: what movies did Heidi Wilbur write?
[A]: Akira
[Q]: what topics is The Clique about?
[A]: | bad acting, shopping, uninspired, rip off, middle school | fc-sni-wiki_movies | 0 | b6d1b5bdaaf1c2248ba97756e9d2bc0fea2251108a7bf74d8d28cd1d8d16ba9e |
Given a disfluent sentence, modify the sentence to it to its equivalent fluent form, preserving the meaning of the sentence.
Ex Input:
What avenue is to the southeast, no the west of the golf course?
Ex Output:
What avenue is to the west of the golf course?
Ex Input:
When was Michigan Network Inc. enhanced no was formed by Michigan's public universities?
Ex Output:
When was Michigan Network Inc. formed by Michigan's public universities?
Ex Input:
What theory did Niels Jerne formulate no no instead tell me what Jerne developed based on CST?
Ex Output: | What did Jerne develop on the basis of CST? | fc-sni-disfl_qa | 0 | 49f9ece1edb4ae6b39a5e348703eeed7d0f7d942715781fed755d1a4171ff635 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
The 47-year-old man from Stockton, near Middlesbrough, died at the scene of the crash at the Falcon Pub, near Cloughton, North Yorkshire Police said. He had been travelling on a Yamaha motorcycle towards Scarborough when he collided with a Nissan X-trail at around 10:20 BST. The man was in convoy with a second motorcycle at the time of the crash. North Yorkshire police appealed for witnesses to come forward.
Output: | Stockton motorcyclist killed in A171 crash in North Yorkshire | fc-sni-xlsum | 0 | c7aade3da910c2467a954b0211bb45c7445fb9e86e0669837dfe8743cd434ab5 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Congressional Award Program
Reauthorization Act of 2009''.
SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL AWARD PROGRAM.
(a) Implementation and Presentation.--Section 102 of the
Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 802) is amended--
(1) in the matter following subsection (b)(5), by striking
''under paragraph (3)''; and
(2) in subsection (c), in the second sentence, by striking
''during'' and inserting ''in connection with''.
(b) Terms of Appointment and Reappointments.--Section 103 of the
Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 803) is amended by striking
subsection (b) and inserting the following:
''(b) Terms of Appointed Members; Reappointment.--
''(1) Appointed members of the Board shall continue to serve at
the pleasure of the officer by whom they are appointed, and (unless
reappointed under paragraph (2)) shall serve for a term of 4 years.
''(2)(A) Subject to the limitations in subparagraph (B),
members of the Board may be reappointed, except that no member may
serve more than 2 full consecutive terms. Members may be
reappointed to 2 full consecutive terms after being appointed to
fill a vacancy on the Board.
''(B) Members of the Board shall not be subject to the
limitation on reappointment in subparagraph (A) during their period
of service as Chairman of the Board and may be reappointed to an
additional full term after termination of such Chairmanship.
''(3)(A) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) or (2), the term of each
member of the Board shall begin on October 1 of the even numbered
year which would otherwise apply with one-half of the Board
positions having terms which begin in each even numbered year.
''(B) Subparagraph (A) shall apply to appointments made to the
Board on or after the date of enactment of the Congressional Award
Program Reauthorization Act of 2009.''.
(c) Requirements Regarding Financial Operations.--Section 104(c) of
the Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 804(c)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), in the third sentence, by striking '', in
any calendar year,'' and inserting ''in any fiscal year''; and
(2) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
''(2)(A) The Comptroller General of the United States shall
determine for each fiscal year whether the Director has
substantially complied with paragraph (1). The findings made by the
Comptroller General under the preceding sentence shall be included
in the reports submitted under section 107(b).
''(B) If the Director fails to substantially comply with
paragraph (1), the Board shall instruct the Director to take such
actions as may be necessary to correct such deficiencies, and shall
remove and replace the Director if such deficiencies are not
promptly corrected.''.
(d) Funding and Expenditures.--Section 106(a) of the Congressional
Award Act (2 U.S.C. 806(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) and
inserting the following:
''(1) the Board shall carry out its functions and make
expenditures with--
''(A) such resources as are available to the Board from
sources other than the Federal Government; and
''(B) funds awarded in any grant program administered by a
Federal agency in accordance with the law establishing that
grant program.''.
(e) Statewide Congressional Award Councils.--Section 106(c) of the
Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 806(c)) is amended by striking
paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
''(4) Each Statewide Council established under this section may
receive contributions, and use such contributions for the purposes
of the Program. The Board shall adopt appropriate financial
management methods in order to ensure the proper accounting of
these funds. Each Statewide Council shall comply with subsections
(a), (d), (e), and (h) governing the Board.''.
(f) Contracting and Use of Funds for Scholarships.--Section 106 of
the Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 806) is amended--
(1) in subsection (d), by inserting ''to be'' after
''expenditure is''; and
(2) in subsection (e)(1)(A), by inserting ''or for
scholarships'' after ''local program''.
(g) Nonprofit Corporation.--Section 106 of the Congressional Award
Act (2 U.S.C. 806) is amended by striking subsection (i) and inserting
the following:
''(i)(1) The Board shall provide for the incorporation of a
nonprofit corporation to be known as the Congressional Award Foundation
(together with any subsidiary nonprofit corporations determined
desirable by the Board, collectively referred to in this title as the
'Corporation') for the sole purpose of assisting the Board to carry out
the Congressional Award Program, and shall delegate to the Corporation
such duties as it considers appropriate, including the employment of
personnel, expenditure of funds, and the incurrence of financial or
other contractual obligations.
''(2) The articles of incorporation of the Congressional Award
Foundation shall provide that--
''(A) the members of the Board of Directors of the Foundation
shall be the members of the Board, with up to 24 additional voting
members appointed by the Board, and the Director who shall serve as
a nonvoting member; and
''(B) the extent of the authority of the Foundation shall be
the same as that of the Board.
''(3) No director, officer, or employee of any corporation
established under this subsection may receive compensation, travel
expenses, or benefits from both the Corporation and the Board.''.
(h) Termination.--
(1) In general.--Section 108 of the Congressional Award Act (2
U.S.C. 808) is amended by striking ''October 1, 2009'' and
inserting ''October 1, 2013''.
(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall take effect as of
October 1, 2009.
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
Vice President of the United States and
President of the Senate. | Congressional Award Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 - (Sec. 2) Amends the Congressional Award Act to revise requirements for appointment and reappointment of members of the Congressional Award Board, especially the limitation of service on the Board to two consecutive terms.
Exempts a member from the two-term limit during a period of service as Board Chairman. Permits reappointment of such individual to an additional full term after termination of such Chairmanship.
Requires a Board member's term to begin on October 1 of the even numbered year, with one-half of the Board positions having terms which begin in each even numbered year.
Changes from calendar to fiscal year the annual period for which the Director is required to ensure that the Board's liabilities do not exceed its assets.
Requires the Board, if the Comptroller General finds that the Director has not substantially complied with such duty, to: (1) instruct the Director to take such necessary actions to correct any deficiencies (as under current law); and (2) remove and replace the Director if they are not promptly corrected. Repeals the requirement that, upon a Director's failure to correct such deficiencies, the Board take necessary action to prepare for the orderly cessation of Board activities.
Allows the Board to accept funds to carry out its functions and make expenditures that are awarded in any grant program administered by a federal agency. (Currently the Board is prohibited from using federal resources.)
Repeals the limitation on contributions to Statewide Congressional Award Councils to public monetary and in-kind contributions for Program purposes (thus allowing private contributions as well).
Allows the donation of funds or other resources to restrict their use to scholarships.
Names the nonprofit corporation the Board is required to establish to assist it in carrying out the Program the Congressional Award Foundation. Repeals the requirement that the corporation be private. Treats the Foundation together with any subsidiary nonprofit corporations as the collective Corporation to which appropriate duties shall be delegated, including the employment of personnel, expenditure of funds, and the incurrence of financial or other contractual obligations.
Allows the Congressional Award Board (which as under current law shall be members of the Board of Directors of the Foundation) to appoint up to 24 additional voting members to the Foundation Board. Makes the Congressional Award Program Director serve as a nonvoting member of the Foundation Board.
Extends the Congressional Award Board until October 1, 2013. | fc-sni-billsum | 0 | 82b4bc31973c907aaffbcc0eaf388a724fc17aeae8f611f859d28b5b4c22de18 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
Q: Caught this movie on the tube on a Sunday. I thought it was so bad I looked it up on IMDb to see what others thought of it. I was not surprised at the amount of silly people who enjoyed this fluff. I was however surprised when I looked into the comments to read the Hated It categories only to find that their were none. I was shocked at this; I always look at the hated it's as their are always those who hate a movie no matter how good it is. Somehow this movie made it through unscathed by the haters I say nay to that and proclaim proudly that I HATE THIS MOVIE! I know I should go into detail about why I hate this movie but to do so would only grant this movie more respect than it deserves.
A: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | 1f3b83d27a150b4bdb76ff5237be50fdbf3b6b08106e7356f87a4eba8c4dfd12 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Personality: I like to keep my stockpile organised.
I love to save money.
I donate any overstock to charity.
I am a couponed.
I shop several times a week.
Chat history: -I love my french bulldog Macy.
-Is it expensive to have a dog? Sounds expensive.
-Yes my foot size is a 10.
-Did you pay full price for your shoes?
-I did I went to Sears.
-I don't like to pay full price for things that I buy.
-I do not either but these were cute.
-There is always something better to do with the leftover money, something that will help everyone.
-Oh I agree charities are the best.
Solution: I agree with you, I donate as much as possible.
Why? The conversation is about donation and things to do with leftover money. Since the person usually donates, this is a good dialogue for them.
New input: Personality: I think I have talent for it.
I auditionated in a cooking show.
Since young I ve loved to cook.
I didn t pass the audition, but I ll keep trying.
I took classes while growing up.
Chat history: -Hello, do you like to cook?
-Yes I do. I love finding new recipes to use.
-Awesome! I have been very good at it since I was young.
-Social media is great for finding new recipes and sharing your cooked creations.
-Yes it is. I've taken cooking class too throughout my life.
-You must be very talented. You should cook for me. Where do you live?
-I live on the west coast. I auditioned for a cooking show once.
-Was it masterchef? I knew someone on that show. I'm in Texas.
-No, it was a local show, but I did not make it. Texas is beautiful.
-It is. But I am in the city. Austin to be exact.
-I have been to spring. I had a nice time.
-That's great. Do you use facebook or pinterest?
-Yes, I use both. I also have a viral video on you tube.
-I hope you post your cooking on there.
Solution: | I've not yet, but great idea! Thanks! | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | f445c17e1b44bbaef24921f1400c15f5fb45d3ab25ca2aea93eb0976a105a385 |
The input contains a debate topic, an argument on the topic and a keypoint, separated by "<sep>". Your task is to answer if the keypoint matches the argument and summarizes exactly what the argument means, in the context of the given topic.
Q: Topic: Homeschooling should be banned<sep>Argument: Homeschooling closes students off from peer to peer interaction<sep>Keypoint: Mainstream schools are essential to develop social skills
A: True
****
Q: Topic: We should legalize sex selection<sep>Argument: There could well be valid medical and genetic reasons why a couple may which to ensure a child of a particulat gender - this should be an available option for them.<sep>Keypoint: Sex selection prevents diseases in the child
A: True
****
Q: Topic: Assisted suicide should be a criminal offence<sep>Argument: Suicide is a form of murder and those who attempt it can be convicted. assisting someone to commit suicide can therefore be considered an accomplice.<sep>Keypoint: Assisted suicide is akin to killing someone
A: | True
**** | fc-sni-argkp | 0 | 3d4616394639bf190f29f37dfbb6486b1f38b7978a75a62fc08faa58750260fa |
In this task, you are given a question. Your task is to generate an answer that is relevant to the question.
Ex Input:
Do you have any meetings tomorrow?
Ex Output:
My calendar is blank tomorrow.
Ex Input:
Did you move out of the neighborhood?
Ex Output:
I still live here.
Ex Input:
Still working at Macy's?
Ex Output: | I was just hired at a technology company. | fc-sni-circa | 0 | 8eead569d6b830aeb4f3f01b6e1b815839f3a4dfd3540f6eec74fc04189a0090 |
instruction:
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
question:
I usually feed Earth's Best baby food to my grandson. He has never had a reaction of any kind to any baby food I have given him. This is the first time I have tried this particular variety pack. I fed him the Peach Oatmeal Banana and Apples and Apricots for breakfast this morning. Shortly after I noticed he was scratching. I looked and he had a rash. I remembered reading a baby food review where someone mentioned an allergy so I checked and yes it is this variety pack. I don't know what is in it that would cause this type of reaction. Unfortunately I fed him two different jars so I don't know which one caused it but I don't want to take a chance of him having another one so out they go. Just thought I would let others know.
answer:
Negative
question:
Please be aware that although dogs absolutely LOVE these treats, that they may have caused a recent unexplainable illness in our 9 month old Mastiff pup. He was getting 1 or 2 a day of these chicken jerky's for about a week and then suddenly became very lethargic, along with vomiting, diarrhea, and had no appetite "except" he would eat only these treats and drink water. Vet thinks he'll recover OK, but advised us to stop feeding them to our dogs. These are still "Made in China" and in 2007 reports had shown that dogs were getting sick from these and other brands, and there are still reported cases today. Just be careful and watch your pets closely if you are feeding them these. We will no longer feed these to any of our dogs, ever. Wish Dogswell would manufacturer these in the USA again.
answer:
Negative
question:
It seems most of the organic/shade grown/fair trade coffee is medium or dark roasted, so I've been having a hard time finding something that I like. While this doesn't wow me like some other coffees, it's priced cheaper than those coffees and it's a good brew for when I'm not really paying attention to what I'm drinking (like when I'm working). I'm definitely going to keep this one around, and just switch to the expensive (better) coffees that I've found when I can really enjoy them. Compared to other coffee that's not organic/shade grown/fair trade, this is an average light roast. Good, but nothing to get excited over. It's worth purchasing over those coffees because of the growing practices.
answer: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | d4689834d672bd769b3d46b1bbb3cf29656995d948fce18c50c6d722c9afdf62 |
Instructions: Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Input: Gus Kenworthy won't be 100% for slopestyle: Broken thumb now blood drained from hip
PYEONGCHANG South Korea Gus Kenworthy is going into Olympic competition banged up.
A day after posting an X-ray and photo of his broken right thumb Kenworthy detailed getting a hematoma on his hip drained.
Kenworthy posted on his Instagram story Friday that he had six vials of blood drained from the hematoma.
MORE: Gus Kenworthy will ski despite a broken thumb
Kenworthy the Sochi silver medalist has the day off Saturday before competing on Sunday. He said on Instagram that he would take the day to rest and watch friend Adam Rippon in figure skating and the women's ski slopestyle competition.
Output: | 2018 Winter Olympics: Gus Kenworthy won't be 100% for slopestyle | fc-sni-persent | 0 | 8b90891b69e0cf83ee90af9d00a68e29ffd7cf39e31e6d19ba408f9b80c9e285 |
Q: In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that seamlessly connects with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes more sense.
Title: Worse things could happen. Sentence 1: Maryann woke up with a bad feeling. Sentence 2: Her dog wasn't lying next to her bed. Sentence 3: She made her way through the house. Sentence 4: She stopped in her tracks. Choices: a. Alejandro cannot wait to go again. b. That was because her dog had peed on the floor.
A: | b | fc-sni-rocstories | 0 | e30e6de72770220bacc4af94b5cdc253e513d1310255a424609fc8f569884730 |
In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
Q: When Averell's speech is over, the famous stage performer Kate Maxwell (O'Hara) arrives with a group of showgirls. Averell has arranged for Kate to operate both a cattle-buying business and a saloon. Duncan warns Kate that he will kill anyone caught stealing cattle on his land, and Sheriff Stan Blaine (Nicol) warns _her_ of an impending war over the cattle business. <sep>, Pronoun: her <sep>, A: Kate <sep>, B: Nicol
A: A
****
Q: She shows a great deal of affection for Honor*, but equally a great drive to find out the details of her missing memories -- something which sets her apart from the character of the Doctor in the Eighth Doctor Adventures novels, who has a similar problem but was unwilling to investigate it. The character continued in the Time Hunter range for 11 novellas, before Telos announced that the range was to be closed due to poor sales. According to _her_ creator, Emily's appearance is loosely based on that of the actress Charlotte Coleman. <sep>, Pronoun: her <sep>, A: Emily <sep>, B: Charlotte Coleman
A: A
****
Q: Flanagan continued his spell in the first team to cover for the long term injuries of Martin Kelly and Glen Johnson, making his second start the following weekend and playing the full match in a 1-1 draw at the Emirates Stadium against Arsenal, a game in which he accidentally knocked out stand-in captain Jamie Carragher through a clash of heads. The incident did not faze the 18 year old as he gave an assured performance. In the following home match against Birmingham City, alongside fellow Liverpool Academy Graduate Jack Robinson, Flanagan again played the full 90 minutes and helped Liverpool to keep a clean sheet in a 5-0 win. _His_ performance earned him a place in BBC Sport pundit Garth Crooks 's Premier League team of the week. <sep>, Pronoun: His <sep>, A: Jack Robinson <sep>, B: Flanagan
A: | B
**** | fc-sni-gap | 0 | 01b25ec6a06149032eadf2f8558ab6452c3dbf7e6ee999eac64e84310d390097 |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Q: sure thing have a good one!
Sure! Since El Salvador resided on the eastern edge of the Maya Civilization the origins of many of El Salvador's ruins are controversial. At the UN no one was willing to stand up beside El Salvador. "Only the tiny country of El Salvador agreed to sponsor Tibet's plea.
Can you tell me about government and politics in El Salvador?
Sorry, I don't know about that, but I can tell you more about the Government and politics in general of El Salvador
I think I have enough information for now. Thank you for your help.
A: Sure! Since El Salvador resided on the eastern edge of the Maya Civilization the origins of many of El Salvador's ruins are controversial. At the UN no one was willing to stand up beside El Salvador. "Only the tiny country of El Salvador agreed to sponsor Tibet's plea.
****
Q: Morocco's economy is greatly influenced by the price fluctuations of phosphates on the international market. This is because the country is the world's third-largest producer of phosphorus.
Tell me about its history
What fun facts can you tell me about Morocco
Hello, can you tell me about Morocco
Sorry, I don't have any more information on its market. But I can tell you that the Moroccan Phosphate Office invested approximately $479 million USD into a project to develop a smart city.
A: Morocco's economy is greatly influenced by the price fluctuations of phosphates on the international market. This is because the country is the world's third-largest producer of phosphorus.
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Q: I love to go there! Anything else you can give me on the geography?
What can you let me know about the geography of Panama?
Glad to help.
That is a pretty high number. Anything else you can tell me about Panama's society?
As whole, the range between Costa Rica and the Canal is generally referred to by geographers as the Cordillera Central.
A: | As whole, the range between Costa Rica and the Canal is generally referred to by geographers as the Cordillera Central.
**** | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 2152b48504ed3ae709185c8194a7de8753245d7c827375bd5a7806d28a03fb3b |
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
[EX Q]: In political thought, this man contributed a comparison of socialism, anarchism, and syndicalism, three of the titular Roads to Freedom. In another work sometimes viewed as a sequel to his What I Believe, he critiqued organized religion and as a whole, writing that "No one can sit at the bedside of a dying child and claim to believe in God" in an attempt to explain Why I Am Not a (*) Christian. Other works by this man include one written with Alfred North Whitehead, in which he explained the whole of mathematics in terms of logical expressions. For 10 points, name this modern British philosopher who wrote Principia Mathematica.
[EX A]: Social Science
[EX Q]: One ruler of this name employed the general Aleksy Khvost in his war against Suzdal and Novgorod, and became known as ""the red. "" In addition to that father of (+) Dmitri Donskoy, this name was borne by the man who overthrew Alexander of Tver and became rich by collecting tribute on behalf of the Golden Horde, acquiring the nickname "moneybag." The (*) third ruler of this name stopped vassalage to the Horde and was known as "the great." For 10 points, give this name for several princes of Muscovy, including the first to take the title of Russian tsar, the fourth one known as "Grozny" or "the terrible."
[EX A]: History
[EX Q]: In 1701, John Lawson visited the Catawba people while exploring the area that is now this state. Its colonial delegates were the first to officially call for independence in a document called the Halifax Resolve, and battles on the territory of this state include a clash between Nathaniel Green and Cornwallis at Guilford Courthouse. From 1711 to 1715, while it was still a colony, this state was racked by a war against the Tuscarora Indians, and the excesses of its governor William Tryon led to an uprising led by Herman Husband known as the Regulator Movement. For ten points, identify this state which has recently been represented by such senators as Jesse Helms and Elizabeth Dole, and has its capital at Raleigh.
[EX A]: | History | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | 445bbd7fd7b2e2571d7eb1664430b0aec804b16e2589a4047bf1cde494158f3a |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
PROBLEM: Momentary fluctuations in attention (perceptual accuracy) correlate with neural activity fluctuations in primate visual areas. Yet, the link between such momentary neural fluctuations and attention state remains to be shown in the human brain. We investigate this link using a real-time cognitive brain machine interface (cBMI) based on steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs): occipital EEG potentials evoked by rhythmically flashing stimuli. Tracking momentary fluctuations in SSVEP power, in real-time, we presented stimuli time-locked to when this power reached (predetermined) high or low thresholds. We observed a significant increase in discrimination accuracy (d') when stimuli were triggered during high (versus low) SSVEP power epochs, at the location cued for attention. Our results indicate a direct link between attention's effects on perceptual accuracy and and neural gain in EEG-SSVEP power, in the human brain.
SOLUTION: With a cognitive brain-machine interface, we show a direct link between attentional effects on perceptual accuracy and neural gain in EEG-SSVEP power, in the human brain.
PROBLEM: We present a new approach to assessing the robustness of neural networks based on estimating the proportion of inputs for which a property is violated. Specifically, we estimate the probability of the event that the property is violated under an input model. Our approach critically varies from the formal verification framework in that when the property can be violated, it provides an informative notion of how robust the network is, rather than just the conventional assertion that the network is not verifiable. Furthermore, it provides an ability to scale to larger networks than formal verification approaches. Though the framework still provides a formal guarantee of satisfiability whenever it successfully finds one or more violations, these advantages do come at the cost of only providing a statistical estimate of unsatisfiability whenever no violation is found. Key to the practical success of our approach is an adaptation of multi-level splitting, a Monte Carlo approach for estimating the probability of rare events, to our statistical robustness framework. We demonstrate that our approach is able to emulate formal verification procedures on benchmark problems, while scaling to larger networks and providing reliable additional information in the form of accurate estimates of the violation probability.
SOLUTION: We introduce a statistical approach to assessing neural network robustness that provides an informative notion of how robust a network is, rather than just the conventional binary assertion of whether or not of property is violated.
PROBLEM: The process of designing neural architectures requires expert knowledge and extensive trial and error.
While automated architecture search may simplify these requirements, the recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures generated by existing methods are limited in both flexibility and components.
We propose a domain-specific language (DSL) for use in automated architecture search which can produce novel RNNs of arbitrary depth and width.
The DSL is flexible enough to define standard architectures such as the Gated Recurrent Unit and Long Short Term Memory and allows the introduction of non-standard RNN components such as trigonometric curves and layer normalization. Using two different candidate generation techniques, random search with a ranking function and reinforcement learning,
we explore the novel architectures produced by the RNN DSL for language modeling and machine translation domains.
The resulting architectures do not follow human intuition yet perform well on their targeted tasks, suggesting the space of usable RNN architectures is far larger than previously assumed.
SOLUTION: | We define a flexible DSL for RNN architecture generation that allows RNNs of varying size and complexity and propose a ranking function that represents RNNs as recursive neural networks, simulating their performance to decide on the most promising architectures. | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | 9e49e0096d9a479d4a4b3fead32d0f7231108f6eae35d0fbae91a357b3059f9e |
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
Q: It is equal to the enthalpy change minus the temperature times the entropy change. Under standard conditions, it is also equal to negative R T times the natural log of K, where R is the gas law constant, T is the absolute temperature, and K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction; thus a high negative value indicates a forward-going reaction. FTP, identify this quantity, named for a Yale chemist, which is a measure of the spontaneity of a reaction.
A: Science
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Q: depicted a basket of fruit level with a small raised chest and an urn in a painting that portrays a hunched writing man next to Mary and Jesus. He painted an amphora resting atop a column in the background of a scene in which an angel hustles the holy family down a road. This artist of The Holy Family on the Steps and a Flight into Egypt painted two men holding a massive bunch of grapes in a series which also includes depictions of the Flood and Ruth and Boaz. This artist of The Four Seasons painted two men carrying the body of the title Athenian statesman in one painting, and in another depicted an angel in a chariot holding a hoop above four women dancing with their backs turned to each other. He painted two versions of a work in which four shepherds inspect a stone tomb. For 10 points, name this foremost French classicist who painted Dance to the Music of Time and Et In Arcadia Ego.
A: Fine Arts
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Q: The equilibrium value calculated from it is used in the chord-conductance equation, and its namesake is paired with Planck as the creator of a molar flux equation. Derivable from both the equation linking free energy change to reaction quotient and by the assumption that drift and diffusion are equal and opposite in its namesake's current density equation, it can be obtained from the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz voltage equation in the case of only one ion. Useful in concentration cells, its importance comes in the case of nonstandard cell potentials. Including Faraday's constant and the charge of the ions involved, FTP, name this central equation of electrochemistry, named for the winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
A: | Science
**** | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | fc5e8247528ec96af3644f7cf5d23ab6cd2180902d0cadf14ef03faf5de9ed1b |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you must classify if a given review is positive/negative, indicating your answer as P or N.
contrary to the title , " the boxer " is not another rocky story only this time spliced with some cold hard politics .
it 's actually three movies in one : a political film , a boxing film , and a love story .
all of these work in their own respects and have some pretty decent balancing betwixt the three elements of the story , but somehow it seems kind of cliched and unoriginal .
we 've seen it all before , and we 're just not blown away with it like we should be .
oh well .
it 's
still an excellent irish story .
"
the boxer " of the title is danny flynn ( jim sheridan staple daniel day - lewis ) , an ex - ira member who gets out of a belfast prison after 14 years , and finds out that his troubles are far from over .
first off , the ira is having a small civil war between its leader joe hamill ( brian cox ) , and one of its sub - leaders , harry ( gerard mcsorley ) , both having opposing views on getting many of their members out of jail .
while this is going on , danny and his old drunkard buddie , ike ( ken stott , who played the chief inspector in danny boyle 's " shallow grave " ) , re - open an old gym which allows the two opposing religios sects , protestant and catholics , to work together .
danny not only begins teaching kids how to box , but has stayed in great shape whilst in prison , and is ready to start boxing real people again .
and danny runs into his ex - love , maggie (
" breaking the waves " 's emily watson ) , who has n't seen him since he went in .
they do n't easily start up their romance again because she 's the wife of a prisoner whom she married during danny 's tenure in prison , and also has a son , liam ( ciaran fitzgerald ) , from him , whom liam is hoping will get out soon .
but the two are slowly re - drawn to eachother again , and this begins to complicate things .
the political story is nothing really special but works in itself .
we 've seen it many a time before , but it 's at least interesting , sometimes emotional , and even riveting at times
.
there 's a big riot towards the middle of the film which is frightening in its brutality and honesty .
the boxing story is very minor to the story , but does represent people coming together to fight eachother fairly , and even with good sportsmanship .
there are only a few boxing scenes , but they 're never like " raging bull "
/let's - strip - down - the - sport - to - its - bones brilliant .
they 're more realistic , and instead of bone crunching , we hear the sound of the gloves hitting eachother , which is slightly unerving at times .
and i did n't know daniel day - lewis was in such good shape .
but the backbone of the story is the love one . because these characters are given such horrible circumstances , and since the two leads have such great chemistry together , we really feel for their plight .
as the film goes on , and circumstances get worse and worse , the characters have to make real human decisions , and we can sympathize with them as humans not characters .
this is how you write a love story - take note , hollywood .
these elements are pretty much equally balanced , with each of the parts of the stories working hand - in - hand with eachother .
i loved how each of the different parts of the plot mattered , and sometimes spilled over into the next .
it made sure that we did n't just care for one of them .
i 'm not saying they 're all equally great , because the love story really carries the film , but at least they all work out respectively .
the acting is amazing , with day - lewis and watson giving excellent performances and showing great chemistry .
i 'm not sure if they 're oscar - nominee bound , but
they 're very good .
in the supporting roles , billy cox is greatly sympathetic as the ira leader losing control of his daughter and his workers .
but the film is stolen acting wise by ken stott as ike , who is just a great scene stealer .
the direction and co - writing by jim sheridan ( with the other co - writing credit going to terry george ) is excellent , rounding out the characters well , but not pacing everything greatly .
i noticed that the first half was very leisurely ( yet fascinating ) , but the second half whirls by at a quick pace , and ends much too quickly .
more time could have been spent thinking up the ending , since it does seem quite sloppy .
though " the boxer " is a good film , it never achieves the greatness that it should .
sure , it 's a masterpiece compared to most of the hollywood drivel we usually get , but on it 's own , it just could have been better .
but it still works out , gives us a great love story combined with a political and boxing drama , and features great acting .
even if it could have been better , this'll do . | P | fc-sni-movie_rationales | 0 | 7e9b86eed1ad5e27e8feadeef8a34270d2985ccbbce8bac07518f3d2258b4bcf |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a sentence, generate what should be the most likely next statement. The next statement should be reasonable and logically correct.
It pulls up to a vast opulent mansion with a column - framed entrance. Just inside, someone | stands with someone and two other auburn - haired beauties. | fc-sni-swag | 0 | b45127751c20b5200a9c0f142ebaf8fb70d16cebc84ce50cb09173ffaa7aa026 |
In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
Ex Input:
In this article using Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm and simple additive weighting method the hybrid COAW algorithm is presented to solve multi-objective problems. Cuckoo algorithm is an efficient and structured method for solving nonlinear continuous problems. The created Pareto frontiers of the COAW proposed algorithm are exact and have good dispersion. This method has a high speed in finding the Pareto frontiers and identifies the beginning and end points of Pareto frontiers properly. In order to validation the proposed algorithm, several experimental problems were analyzed. The results of which indicate the proper effectiveness of COAW algorithm for solving multi-objective problems.
Ex Output:
THE NEW HYBRID COAW METHOD FOR SOLVING MULTI-OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS
Ex Input:
We study a subclass of POMDPs, called Deterministic POMDPs, that is characterized by deterministic actions and observations. These models do not provide the same generality of POMDPs yet they capture a number of interesting and challenging problems, and permit more efficient algorithms. Indeed, some of the recent work in planning is built around such assumptions mainly by the quest of amenable models more expressive than the classical deterministic models. We provide results about the fundamental properties of Deterministic POMDPs, their relation with AND/OR search problems and algorithms, and their computational complexity.
Ex Output:
Deterministic POMDPs Revisited
Ex Input:
Events and entities are closely related; entities are often actors or participants in events and events without entities are uncommon. The interpretation of events and entities is highly contextually dependent. Existing work in information extraction typically models events separately from entities, and performs inference at the sentence level, ignoring the rest of the document. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that models the dependencies among variables of events, entities, and their relations, and performs joint inference of these variables across a document. The goal is to enable access to document-level contextual information and facilitate contextaware predictions. We demonstrate that our approach substantially outperforms the stateof-the-art methods for event extraction as well as a strong baseline for entity extraction.
Ex Output: | Joint Extraction of Events and Entities within a Document Context | fc-sni-peer_read | 0 | d77f9105688d06131438cb372c77404300f12ad7deea698b83f90f3eea0a9b80 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given two options and you need to select the one that best connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by 'Option 1' if the first option is correct, otherwise 'Option 2'. The incorrect option will change the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences is no longer consistent with the story.
Sentence 1: Will and his sister loved to make mud pies in the summer.
Sentence 3: Then one day Will forgot it was pretend and bit into one of the pies
Sentence 4: Mud oozed out of his mouth
Sentence 5: His sister couldn't stop laughing
Option 1: They would mix dirt with water, shape it and pretend it was real food.
Option 2: Will tricked his sister into eating one of the pies.
Output: | Option 1 | fc-sni-timetravel | 0 | b6a04f5e2a0ff159b16b11a1029b0c4dbe04ed743e4f850defab85b7d5fd6f83 |
The input contains a debate topic, an argument on the topic and a keypoint, separated by "<sep>". Your task is to answer if the keypoint matches the argument and summarizes exactly what the argument means, in the context of the given topic.
Input: Consider Input: Topic: We should fight urbanization<sep>Argument: Urban development of neighborhoods leads to more crime and violence..<sep>Keypoint: Urbanization causes crime
Output: True
Input: Consider Input: Topic: We should legalize prostitution<sep>Argument: Prostitution is immoral and leads to a public health problem<sep>Keypoint: Selling one's body is immoral
Output: True
Input: Consider Input: Topic: We should fight urbanization<sep>Argument: Urbanization contributes to pollution and overcrowding which also causes rents to rise that can displace a family that is already struggling to meet its needs.<sep>Keypoint: Urbanization harms the environment | Output: True | fc-sni-argkp | 0 | 8f1fc097421e45a58b9a37ef37eee25f07408c1e13045f708a0725aa0d3dfca3 |
TASK DEFINITION: Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
PROBLEM: Personality: I can say the alphabet backwards.
I lost my job as a banker a month ago.
I got engaged to be married in Paris, France.
I am a redhead.
I have danced since I was two.
Chat history: -Hi how are you doing?
-I'm doing good and you.
SOLUTION: I am good thanks for asking.
PROBLEM: Personality: My favorite seafood in lobster.
I live in Seattle.
I work at Google.
I am a software engineer.
Chat history: -Hello there, how are you?
-I am doing great, how are you?
SOLUTION: Oh, I am doing well, I just got home from work.
PROBLEM: Personality: I am a college student.
I work as a construction worker during the summers.
I love to travel.
My parents are divorced.
Chat history: -Hi there what do you do for fun?
-Hello, I play with my iguanas and dogs.
-Iguanas sound like a lot of fun! What do you do for a living?
-I stay home, trying to teach my dog to read. My husband is a detective.
SOLUTION: | You should train your dog to be one of those police dogs too. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 65adea85aca02e441aeca3f0669cda84aeaef70f384dcb2c73362a09587fa058 |
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Personality: My dad died when I was in high school.
I have a lot of allergies.
I like watching tv and movies.
My favorite type of music is metal.
Chat history: -Have you eaten asparagus lately?
-No I am allergic to them, and many other things too.
-Oh no! I can sense when people have but not online of course.
-I only eat corn, popcorn, like at the shoes.
-That does not sound healthy. You should have a nice medium rare steak.
-My dad was killed by steak, he choked when I was a young man.
-That's terrible, I'm sorry.
-It is ok I guess, I'm older now and stay distracted if I can.
-I understand. Are you married?
No I'm just a lonely headbanger watching black mirror on netflix all day. You?
Personality: I don T cook and usually eat out.
I love animals.
I'm near sighted and wear contact lenses.
I've trouble losing weight.
Chat history: -Ugh, I've so much trouble losing weight.
-My family owns a restaurant and I bake on the side. Trust me, I understand that.
-I mostly eat out and do not cook so that is also an issue haha.
-Oh I love to cook! Do you not like it or are you just too busy?
-I'm just too busy but around the weekend I tend to make some stuff.
-I hear that. You can only do as much as your schedule allows.
Yeah. I'm going to be wearing contact lenses soon. I'm near sighted.
Personality: I like victorian things.
I am a romantic.
I collect dolls.
I like antiques.
Chat history: -Hi how are you doing today?
-I am good. Just looking at my antiques.
-What do you like to collect?
-I have a doll collection and victorian things. What about you?
-I have lots of fantasy novels and poetry books. They are my favorites!
-I am a romantic. And I am pretty bored today.
-I've a lot of homework to do. I am studying writing in school.
-I was never good at writing papers. I am so glad I am done with school!
-I'm studying so hard because I want to be a journalist. | That's very cool! I'm a high school teacher, but not in English... lol. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | db22b369a14af74c6f27d7143c765c80d94bd447a451d70d99fa10ffc283c8c1 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
Question: How old was the person who owned Wigginton just before the Corbets at the time of his death? Passage 1:Educated at Wellington College and later attending Trinity Hall, Cambridge, Willock made a single first-class appearance for Cambridge University against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Fenner's in 1883. He was dismissed in Cambridge University's first-innings of 100 for a duck by Wilfred Flowers, while in the Marylebone Cricket Club's first-innings of 159 he took the wickets of Billy Gunn and Percy de Paravicini to finish with figures of 2/18 from 28 overs. In the University's second-innings of 65, he was once again dismissed for a duck by Flowers, while in the Marylebone Cricket Club's successful chase, he dismissed Gunn for a second time. Later that season he made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Hamshire at Day's Antelope Ground. In Hampshire's first-innings of 110, he bowled ten wicketless overs which conceded 5 runs, while he ended Sussex's first-innings of 94 unbeaten on 8. In Hampshire's second-innings of 180, he bowled five wicketless overs which conceded 9 runs. In Sussex's second-innings of 165, he was dismissed for 6 runs by William Dible, with Hampshire winning the match by 31 runs.
Passage 2:Walter "Wiley" Jones was born in Madison County in northeastern Georgia, on July 14, 1848. His parents were George Jones, a white planter, and Jones' slave, Anne, who had six children by George Jones: Matthew (who superintended the construction of the Wiley Jones Street Car Line), Thomas, Julia (wife of Ben Reed), Wiley, Taylor, and James (who managed many of Wiley's businesses). Wiley received his nickname because of his mischievous nature. At the age of five, he moved to Arkansas with his master and more than forty fellow slaves. They settled on the Governor Byrd plantation. George Jones died in 1858. Anne was called his wife in an 1889 biography of Jones, and she believed that George had promised to free herself and her children upon his death, but no manumission papers were found, and the family was kept as slaves and sold by the estate administer, Peter Finerty, to James Yell, a lawyer and planter in Pine Bluff. Jones worked as a houseboy and carriage driver for his new master. When Jones was ten, he was given to Yell's only son, Fountain Pitts Yell, on the occasion of Pitts Yell's marriage. Pitts was a state representative from 1860 to 1861. During the American Civil War, James Yell became a Major General of the Arkansas State Militia, and Pitts became a colonel in Company S of the 26th Arkansas Infantry Regiment in the Confederate Army. James Yell's was transferred to the Confederate States Army in the summer of 1861, and James left the service and moved to Texas. Jones served for Pitts during the war until Pitts' death in 1864 at the Battle of Pleasant Hill in Louisiana. Jones then joined James Yell and his family in Waco, Texas. There, he served as a porter in a mercantile house for one year. He was then hired to drive a wagon carrying cotton on a route along the Brazos River to San Antonio.
Passage 3:In the 11th century, Wigginton was under the control of a half-brother of William I, Robert, Count of Mortain. However, in 1086 the Domesday Book indicated that Wigginton had not been gifted to him but was probably acquired by force by Robert from two adjacent estates close to Tring, one of which had previously been in the hands of Edith of Wessex. During the 13th century Wigginton formed part of the estate at Little Gaddesden passing first to the de Broc family and then, through marriage to the de Lucys. After the death of Sir William Lucy in 1466 it was in the ownership of the Corbets for over 130 years. The manor was then the subject of successive legal challenges fought out in the Court of Chancery until it came into the possession of Sir Richard Anderson of the manor of Pendley during the 1650s. Elizabeth Spencer (nee Anderson) inherited Wigginton and became the third wife of Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt 1703. The manor remained in the Harcourt family until the 1860s. Colonel Charles Harcourt had died in 1831 leaving the manor to his three daughters, Sarah, Elizabeth and Alice who jointly sold it to Rev. James Williams in 1868. Wigginton Common was enclosed in 1854 and was subsequently incorporated into the Tring Park Estate owned at the time by the Rothschild Family.
Output: | 3 | fc-sni-iirc | 0 | 2fb7f23e77d21bb6edd90456c4805755a2cf403e588df41f586503a5aab900ab |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
PROBLEM: When I started watching the show I said "Oh, no! It's as corny as Elfen Lied and not even that bloody!". And indeed, the setup is almost identical, with the single young boy living in a big house all by himself, then suddenly getting involved into a fantastic adventure while sexy young girls come live with him.But this is where the resemblance stops. The love story is almost as subtle and intense as the one in Inuiyasha, while the childish remarks and behaviors are very few. The magical setup is a bit corny, because it's about seven people, with seven servants, fighting for the Holy Grail, all servants being someone famous, half of all masters being from the same school, rules of engagement, etc. However, this soon dims and fades from the beauty of the drawing and of the script.I actually watched all 24 episodes in one day and, without comparing it with animes that I liked more, but were from other genres, I have to say that I was very pleased.
SOLUTION: positive
PROBLEM: I'm easily entertained. I enjoyed "Hot Shots" and "The Naked Gun" and their many sequels, even when most people found them unbearable. I've even managed to enjoy most Pauly Shore movies. There is only one movie that I've seen that I can honestly say was bad...and this was it. It's been a while since I've seen it, but I do remember sitting in the theater thinking, "This is a dumb movie. Why did I see this?" It's honestly the only movie that I cannot recommend.
SOLUTION: negative
PROBLEM: I found it a real task to sit through this film. The sound track was not the best and some of the accents made it difficult to understand what was being said. There was little to move the plot along and often the action simply stopped and there was a prolonged period of conversations which seemed extraneous to the movie. These conversations switched between family groups and the observer was left to try and piece together what the common thread was that tied them together. It is rare that I rate a film this low and do so in this case as the entire viewing experience left me thinking "so what" and "why did I waste my time watching this."
SOLUTION: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | 8717ee4df42119ccad9d951ba21db8c8796dd4452ea29ffa9a467f0bd49b7fb6 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text which is the body of a document. Your job is to classify the topic of the document into these categories: 1)Company, 2)Educational Institution, 3)Artist, 4)Athlete, 5)Office Holder, 6)Mean of transportation, 7)Building, 8)Natural place, 9)Village, 10)Animal, 11)Plant, 12)Album, 13)Film, 14)Written work. Your output should be the category number. Don't generate anything apart from numbers 1-14.
Problem:Text: GSF Explorer formerly USNS Hughes Glomar Explorer (T-AG-193) is a deep-sea drillship platform initially built for the United States Central Intelligence Agency Special Activities Division secret operation Project Azorian to recover the sunken Soviet submarine K-129 lost in April 1968.The cultural impact of Glomar Explorer is indicated by its reference in a number of books: The Ghost from the Grand Banks a 1990 science fiction novel by Arthur C.
Solution: | 6 | fc-sni-dbpedia_14 | 0 | cec46e765648c09c92a7b81ca98caadcae45791772eaf92b306735c5c5f042c0 |
instruction:
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
question:
Personality: I have 2 cats.
My favorite food is strawberries.
I love to go to the beach.
I am vegan.
Chat history: -Hello how are you today? I'm chillin at home.
-Me too. Just chilling with my 2 cats.
-Cool do you play any games? I play Rpg on my pc.
-No, I'd rather get out and go to the beach!
-Do not blame you I been thinking of this person at work I like alot today.
answer:
Why do you get them some chocolate covered strawberries. I know I would enjoy that.
question:
Personality: I do not know how to swim.
My grandpa was in wwii.
My favorite food is steak.
Chat history: -Hi how are you.
-Hi, I'm doing very well, how are you? Tell me about yourself!
-I'm kind of young and love hearing war stories from my granddad.
-Oh, that is great. I'm going to university now!
-That is great what are you studying.
-I'm a business major and I work construction during summertime.
-Construction is hard work you must be strong.
-Well, not to boast, but yes! Do you like cooking?
answer:
Sometimes I tend to bake a lot. What kind of food do you like to eat.
question:
Personality: I love lasagna like I am garfield.
I've a poster of Neil Tyson Degrasse on my wall.
My two dogs are the best friends a girl could have.
Penn teller are my favorite magicians.
I want to be an astronaut when I grow up.
Chat history: -Hi how are you today.
-I'm well. Do you hear that?
-What is that sound eh?
-Sometimes... I hear voice. They say eat mystery flavor cake!!!
-Well I'm just gonna stick with birthday cake flavor.
-Suit yourself hehe. What do you do for fun?
-Listen about lectures about space and stuff.
-Neat burrito. I enjoy having debates with myself. It usually ends in arguments.
-That seems fien as long as you do not lose.
-Recently, we have had eyes for this pool boy.....
answer: | Well who gets first dibs huh? | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 43361736f2a62f573d882c7fceff7ff423ce5c5f04711f1536785d2f6f4a5fdd |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
[EX Q]: GF is the acronym for which healthcare organization?, Context: In contrast to this viewpoint, an article and associated editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine in May 2015 emphasized the importance of pharmaceutical industry-physician interactions for the development of novel treatments, and argued that moral outrage over industry malfeasance had unjustifiably led many to overemphasize the problems created by financial conflicts of interest. The article noted that major healthcare organizations such as National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, the World Economic Forum, the Gates Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and the Food and Drug Administration had encouraged greater interactions between physicians and industry in order to bring greater benefits to patients.
[EX A]: Gates Foundation
[EX Q]: What does the R in NDRM stand for?, Context: PlayStation 3 console protects certain types of data and uses digital rights management to limit the data's use. Purchased games and content from the PlayStation Network store are governed by PlayStation's Network Digital Rights Management (NDRM). The NDRM allows users to access the data from up to 2 different PlayStation 3's that have been activated using a user's PlayStation Network ID. PlayStation 3 also limits the transfer of copy protected videos downloaded from its store to other machines and states that copy protected video "may not restore correctly" following certain actions after making a backup such as downloading a new copy protected movie.
[EX A]: Rights
[EX Q]: What kind of rainfall does the Sahara get?, Context: The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide.
[EX A]: | extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | f4bfa8d1786a0dedb90e6ff6ec970340f89cb5881bcf557e54881bdedfff7db4 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Passage: Hundreds of songs and performers have entered Melodifestivalen since its debut. Although songwriters living outside Sweden were once not allowed to enter Melodifestivalen, the 2012 contest marked the first time foreign songwriters could submit entries, provided that they collaborated with a Swedish songwriter. To be eligible, songwriters and performers must be at least sixteen years of age on the day of the first Eurovision semi-final.Until 2001, participation in the festival was limited to a single night. The number of contestants ranged from five to twelve. A two-round system was used intermittently between 1981 and 1998, in which all but five of the contestants were eliminated in a first round of voting. Failure to reach the second round under this system was seen as a major failure for a prominent artist; when Elisabeth Andreassen failed to qualify in 1984, it almost ended her career. The introduction of weekly semi-finals in 2002 increased the number of contestants to thirty-two. At least ten of the contestants must perform in Swedish. A CD of each year's competing songs has been released since 2001, and a DVD of the semi-finals and final since 2003.
Melodifestivalen has been the launch-pad for the success of popular local acts, such as Anne-Lie Ryde, Tommy Korberg, and Lisa Nilsson. The competition has played host to performers from outside Sweden, including Baccara, Alannah Myles, Katrina Leskanich, and Cornelis Vreeswijk. Melodifestivalen participants have also representedand unsuccessfully tried to representother countries at Eurovision. While local success for Melodifestivalen winners is common, most contestants return to obscurity and few have major international success. The impact that the competition makes on the Swedish charts means an artist need not win the competition to earn significant domestic record sales. For example, the song which finished last at Melodifestivalen 1990, "Symfonin" by Loa Falkman, topped the Swedish singles chart. The most recent occurrence was 2016 with Samir & Viktor's song "Bada Nakna". In 2007, twenty-one participants reached Sverigetopplistan. The week after the 2008 final, songs from the festival made up the entire top fifteen on the domestic singles chart. | Elisabeth Andreassen's career almost ended when she failed to qualify for what contest? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | ec05a51529b954a07fe7f819feeefe8dd51dfe9acd40fd3198f0276602e09e5d |
Teacher:Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Personality: I own my company.
I pay my employees minimum wage.
I make 70k a year.
I am married with one child.
I barely show up to work.
Chat history: -Good evening. How are you?
-I am having a great time with my best friend.
-Right on I just got home form working at my company.
-Do you have a best friend?
-I do. I have a wife and kid as well.
-Mine is my dog.
-We also have a dog. a poodle.
-What is their name? How cool.
-We named her lady when we got her.
-I love that. Do you want some tea?
-Sure. I love tea. Earl gray is my fav.
-Oh, I was thinking more like chai.
Student: | Chai would work. I like Chai as well. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 93966cd17117903e13c3e653503e7ffafded2dfb31d3d0ad13258ad5b429077c |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Fact1: Upholsterer 's assistant meets wealthy Don Marshall, Fact2: Don Charmed by purchases Madame Lucy 's young girl, Fact3: socialite Bob Vincent mother is hosting ball at family mansion, Fact4: Smith In to promote arranges for models to be invited to soiree Madame Lucy 's dress line, Fact5: Irene is mistaken for niece of Ireland 's Lady O'Dare | Upholsterers assistant Irene ODare meets wealthy Don Marshall while she is measuring chairs for Mrs. Herman Vincent at her Long Island estate. Charmed by the young girl, Don anonymously purchases Madame Lucys, an exclusive Manhattan boutique, and instructs newly hired manager Mr. Smith to offer Irene a job as a model. She soon catches the eye of socialite Bob Vincent, whose mother is hosting a ball at the family mansion. In order to promote Madame Lucys dress line, Mr. Smith arranges for his models to be invited to the soiree. Irene accidentally ruins the gown she was given to wear and substitutes a quaint blue dress belonging to her mother, and it creates a sensation. Irene is mistaken for the niece of Irelands Lady ODare and, in order to publicize his collection, Mr. Smith decides to exploit the error and moves Irene into a Park Avenue apartment. Dressed in furs and draped with diamonds while escorted around town by Bob, Irenes appearance prompts gossip columnist Biffy Webster to suggest she is a kept woman. Outraged, Irene demands Madame Lucy protect her reputation by revealing the truth, only to discover Don is the owner of the shop. Irene agrees to marry Bob, but on the night before the wedding, Bob confesses he still loves former sweetheart Eleanor Worth, and Irene realizes she loves Don. The couple decides to make things right by reuniting with their rightful partners. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 0c0bdfc573f5f3cc4618395513d89e93232351d8ee3a11ec16e2ccee81eca0a5 |
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
Let me give you an example: SECTION 1. LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES PROVIDING USE OF FACILITIES
TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.
(a) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Business entity.--The term ''business entity'' means a
firm, corporation, association, partnership, consortium, joint
venture, or other form of enterprise.
(2) Facility.--The term ''facility'' means any real
property, including any building, improvement, or appurtenance.
(3) Gross negligence.--The term ''gross negligence'' means
voluntary and conscious conduct by a person with knowledge (at
the time of the conduct) that the conduct is likely to be
harmful to the health or well-being of another person.
(4) Intentional misconduct.--The term ''intentional
misconduct'' means conduct by a person with knowledge (at the
time of the conduct) that the conduct is harmful to the health
or well-being of another person.
(5) Nonprofit organization.--The term ''nonprofit
organization'' means--
(A) any organization described in section 501(c)(3)
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from
tax under section 501(a) of such Code; or
(B) any not-for-profit organization organized and
conducted for public benefit and operated primarily for
charitable, civic, educational, religious, welfare, or
health purposes.
(6) State.--The term ''State'' means each of the several
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern
Mariana Islands, any other territory or possession of the
United States, or any political subdivision of any such State,
territory, or possession.
(b) Limitation on Liability.--
(1) In general.--Subject to subsection (c), a business
entity shall not be subject to civil liability relating to any
injury or death occurring at a facility of the business entity
in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit
organization if--
(A) the use occurs outside of the scope of business
of the business entity;
(B) such injury or death occurs during a period
that such facility is used by the nonprofit
organization; and
(C) the business entity authorized the use of such
facility by the nonprofit organization.
(2) Application.--This subsection shall apply--
(A) with respect to civil liability under Federal
and State law; and
(B) regardless of whether a nonprofit organization
pays for the use of a facility.
(c) Exception for Liability.--Subsection (b) shall not apply to an
injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business
entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct,
including any misconduct that--
(1) constitutes a crime of violence (as that term is
defined in section 16 of title 18, United States Code) or act
of international terrorism (as that term is defined in section
2331 of title 18) for which the defendant has been convicted in
any court;
(2) constitutes a hate crime (as that term is used in the
Hate Crime Statistics Act (28 U.S.C. 534 note));
(3) involves a sexual offense, as defined by applicable
State law, for which the defendant has been convicted in any
court; or
(4) involves misconduct for which the defendant has been
found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
(d) Superseding Provision.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2) and subsection
(e), this Act preempts the laws of any State to the extent that
such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except that this Act
shall not preempt any State law that provides additional
protection from liability for a business entity for an injury
or death with respect to which conditions under subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) apply.
(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to
supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
(e) Election of State Regarding Nonapplicability.--This Act shall
not apply to any civil action in a State court against a business
entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State
enacts a statute--
(1) citing the authority of this subsection;
(2) declaring the election of such State that this Act
shall not apply to such civil action in the State; and
(3) containing no other provision.
The answer to this example can be: Shields a business entity from civil liability relating to any injury or death occurring at a facility of that entity in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit organization if: (1) the use occurs outside the scope of business of the business entity; (2) such injury or death occurs during a period that such facility is used by such organization; and (3) the business entity authorized the use of such facility by the organization.
Makes this Act inapplicable to an injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct, including misconduct that: (1) constitutes a hate crime or a crime of violence or act of international terrorism for which the defendant has been convicted in any court; or (2) involves a sexual offense for which the defendant has been convicted in any court or misconduct for which the defendant has been found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
Preempts State laws to the extent that such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except State law that provides additional protection from liability. Specifies that this Act shall not be construed to supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
Makes this Act inapplicable to any civil action in a State court against a business entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State, citing this Act's authority and containing no other provision, enacts a statute declaring the State's election that this Act shall not apply to such action in the State.
Here is why: This Bill focuses on shielding business entities from civil liability relating to an injury or death depending on the conditions of injury, hence the generated summary is correct.
OK. solve this:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research
Reauthorization Act of 2010''.
SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO THE STEM CELL THERAPEUTIC AND RESEARCH ACT OF
2005.
(a) Cord Blood Inventory.--Section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic
and Research Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 274k note) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ''the inventory goal of
at least'' before ''150,000'';
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ''or is
transferred'' and all that follows through the period
and inserting ''for a first-degree relative.''; and
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ''150,000'';
(3) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ''beginning on
the last date on which the recipient of a contract
under this section receives Federal funds under this
section'' after ''10 years'';
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ''; and'' and
inserting '';'';
(C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph
(5); and
(D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
''(3) will provide a plan to increase cord blood unit
collections at collection sites that exist at the time of
application, assist with the establishment of new collection
sites, or contract with new collection sites;
''(4) will annually provide to the Secretary a plan for,
and demonstrate, ongoing measurable progress toward achieving
self-sufficiency of cord blood unit collection and banking
operations; and'';
(4) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking ''10 years'' and inserting
''a period of at least 10 years beginning on
the last date on which the recipient of a
contract under this section receives Federal
funds under this section''; and
(ii) by striking the second sentence and
inserting ''The Secretary shall ensure that no
Federal funds shall be obligated under any such
contract after the date that is 5 years after
the date on which the contract is entered into,
except as provided in paragraphs (2) and
(3).'';
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph
(A)--
(I) by striking ''Subject to
paragraph (1)(B), the'' and inserting
''The''; and
(II) by striking ''3'' and
inserting ''5'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A) by striking
''150,000'' and all that follows through
''and'' at the end and inserting ''the
inventory goal described in subsection (a) has
not yet been met;'';
(iii) in subparagraph (B)--
(I) by inserting ''meeting the
requirements under subsection (d)''
after ''receive an application for a
contract under this section''; and
(II) by striking ''or the
Secretary'' and all that follows
through the period at the end and
inserting ''; or''; and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
''(C) the Secretary determines that the outstanding
inventory need cannot be met by the qualified cord
blood banks under contract under this section.''; and
(C) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the
following:
''(3) Extension eligibility.--A qualified cord blood bank
shall be eligible for a 5-year extension of a contract awarded
under this section, as described in paragraph (2), provided
that the qualified cord blood bank--
''(A) demonstrates a superior ability to satisfy
the requirements described in subsection (b) and
achieves the overall goals for which the contract was
awarded;
''(B) provides a plan for how the qualified cord
blood bank will increase cord blood unit collections at
collection sites that exist at the time of
consideration for such extension of a contract, assist
with the establishment of new collection sites, or
contract with new collection sites; and
''(C) annually provides to the Secretary a plan
for, and demonstrates, ongoing measurable progress
toward achieving self-sufficiency of cord blood unit
collection and banking operations.'';
(5) in subsection (g)(4), by striking ''or parent''; and
(6) in subsection (h)--
(A) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and
inserting the following:
''(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
program under this section $23,000,000 for each of fiscal years
2011 through 2014 and $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2015.'';
(B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph
(2); and
(C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by
striking ''in each of fiscal years 2007 through 2009''
and inserting ''for each of fiscal years 2011 through
2015''.
(b) National Program.--Section 379 of the Public Health Service Act
(42 U.S.C. 274k) is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (a)(6) and inserting the
following:
''(6) The Secretary, acting through the Administrator of
the Health Resources and Services Administration, shall submit
to Congress an annual report on the activities carried out
under this section.'';
(2) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph
(A), by striking ''With respect to cord blood,
the Program shall--'' and inserting the
following:
''(A) In general.--With respect to cord blood, the
Program shall--'';
(ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A)
through (H) as clauses (i) through (viii)
respectively (with appropriate indentation);
(iii) by striking clause (iv), as so
redesignated, and inserting the following:
''(iv) support and expand new and existing
studies and demonstration and outreach projects
for the purpose of increasing cord blood unit
donation and collection from a genetically
diverse population and expanding the number of
cord blood unit collection sites partnering
with cord blood banks receiving a contract
under the National Cord Blood Inventory program
under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic
and Research Act of 2005, including such
studies and projects that focus on--
''(I) remote collection of cord
blood units, consistent with the
requirements under the Program and the
National Cord Blood Inventory program
goal described in section 2(a) of the
Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act
of 2005; and
''(II) exploring novel approaches
or incentives to encourage innovative
technological advances that could be
used to collect cord blood units,
consistent with the requirements under
the Program and such National Cord
Blood Inventory program goal;''; and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
''(B) Efforts to increase collection of high
quality cord blood units.--In carrying out subparagraph
(A)(iv), not later than 1 year after the date of
enactment of the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research
Reauthorization Act of 2010 and annually thereafter,
the Secretary shall set an annual goal of increasing
collections of high quality cord blood units,
consistent with the inventory goal described in section
2(a) of the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of
2005 (referred to in this subparagraph as the
'inventory goal'), and shall identify at least one
project under subparagraph (A)(iv) to replicate and
expand nationwide, as appropriate. If the Secretary
cannot identify a project as described in the preceding
sentence, the Secretary shall submit a plan, not later
than 180 days after the date on which the Secretary was
required to identify such a project, to the Committee
on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate
and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House
of Representatives for expanding remote collection of
high quality cord blood units, consistent with the
requirements under the National Cord Blood Inventory
program under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic
and Research Act of 2005 and the inventory goal. Each
such plan shall be made available to the public.
''(C) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term
'remote collection' means the collection of cord blood
units at locations that do not have written contracts
with cord blood banks for collection support.''; and
(B) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ''(2)(A)'' and
inserting ''(2)(A)(i)''; and
(3) by striking subsection (f)(5)(A) and inserting the
following:
''(A) require the establishment of a system of
strict confidentiality to protect the identity and
privacy of patients and donors in accordance with
Federal and State law; and''.
(c) Additional Reports.--
(1) Interim report.--In addition to the annual report
required under section 379(a)(6) of the Public Health Service
Act (42 U.S.C. 274k(a)(6)), the Secretary of Health and Human
Services (referred to in this subsection as the ''Secretary''),
in consultation with the Advisory Council established under
such section 379, shall submit to Congress an interim report
not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act
describing--
(A) the methods to distribute Federal funds to cord
blood banks used at the time of submission of the
report;
(B) how cord blood banks contract with collection
sites for the collection of cord blood units; and
(C) recommendations for improving the methods to
distribute Federal funds described in subparagraph (A)
in order to encourage the efficient collection of high-
quality and diverse cord blood units.
(2) Recommendations.--Not later than 1 year after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Advisory Council shall submit
recommendations to the Secretary with respect to--
(A) whether models for remote collection of cord
blood units should be allowed only with limited,
scientifically-justified safety protections; and
(B) whether the Secretary should allow for cord
blood unit collection from routine deliveries without
temperature or humidity monitoring of delivery rooms in
hospitals approved by the Joint Commission.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 379B of the Public
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 274m) is amended by striking
''$34,000,000'' and all that follows through the period at the end, and
inserting ''$30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2014 and
$33,000,000 for fiscal year 2015.''.
(e) Report on Cord Blood Unit Donation and Collection.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United
States shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education,
Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the
Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the
Secretary of Health and Human Services a report reviewing
studies, demonstration programs, and outreach efforts for the
purpose of increasing cord blood unit donation and collection
for the National Cord Blood Inventory to ensure a high-quality
and genetically diverse inventory of cord blood units.
(2) Contents.--The report described in paragraph (1) shall
include a review of such studies, demonstration programs, and
outreach efforts under section 2 of the Stem Cell Therapeutic
and Research Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 274k note) (as amended by
this Act) and section 379 of the Public Health Service Act (42
U.S.C. 274k) (as amended by this Act), including--
(A) a description of the challenges and barriers to
expanding the number of cord blood unit collection
sites, including cost, the cash flow requirements and
operations of awarding contracts, the methods by which
funds are distributed through contracts, the impact of
regulatory and administrative requirements, and the
capacity of cord blood banks to maintain high-quality
units;
(B) remote collection or other innovative
technological advances that could be used to collect
cord blood units;
(C) appropriate methods for improving provider
education about collecting cord blood units for the
national inventory and participation in such collection
activities;
(D) estimates of the number of cord blood unit
collection sites necessary to meet the outstanding
national inventory need and the characteristics of such
collection sites that would help increase the genetic
diversity and enhance the quality of cord blood units
collected;
(E) best practices for establishing and sustaining
partnerships for cord blood unit collection at medical
facilities with a high number of minority births;
(F) potential and proven incentives to encourage
hospitals to become cord blood unit collection sites
and partner with cord blood banks participating in the
National Cord Blood Inventory under section 2 of the
Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005 and to
assist cord blood banks in expanding the number of cord
blood unit collection sites with which such cord blood
banks partner;
(G) recommendations about methods cord blood banks
and collection sites could use to lower costs and
improve efficiency of cord blood unit collection
without decreasing the quality of the cord blood units
collected; and
(H) a description of the methods used prior to the
date of enactment of this Act to distribute funds to
cord blood banks and recommendations for how to improve
such methods to encourage the efficient collection of
high-quality and diverse cord blood units, consistent
with the requirements of the C.W. Bill Young Cell
Transplantation Program and the National Cord Blood
Inventory program under section 2 of the Stem Cell
Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005.
(f) Definition.--In this Act, the term ''remote collection'' has
the meaning given such term in section 379(d)(2)(C) of the Public
Health Service Act.
Answer: | Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Reauthorization Act of 2010 - (Sec. 2) Amends the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005 to revise provisions related to the National Cord Blood Inventory (the Inventory), including to establish an inventory goal of at least 150,000 new units of cord blood to be made available under the C.W. Bill Young Cell Transplantation Program (the Program). (Currently, the number of units of cord blood is capped at 150,000.)
Revises application requirements for cord blood banks participating in the Inventory to require such banks to: (1) make assurances that cord blood units will be available for direct transplantation until it is released for transplantation for a first degree relative; (2) participate in the Program for a period of at least ten years, beginning on the last date on which the recipient receives federal funds under a contract; (3) provide a plan to increase cord blood unit collections at collection sites that exist at the time of application, assist with the establishment of new collection sites, or contract with new collection sites; and (4) annually provide to the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) a plan for, and demonstrate, ongoing measurable progress toward achieving self-sufficiency of cord blood unit collection and banking operations.
Revises the requirements for a contract extension to make a qualified cord blood bank eligible for a five-year extension if the bank demonstrates a superior ability to satisfy the requirements of the contract and achieve the overall goals for which the contract was awarded.
Redefines the term "first-degree relative" to exclude a parent.
Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015 for the Inventory.
Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Program to support and expand studies and demonstration and outreach projects that focus on: (1) remote collection of cord blood units; and (2) novel approaches or incentives to encourage innovative technological advances that could be used to collect cord blood units. Defines "remote collection" to mean the collection of cord blood units at locations that do not have written contracts with cord blood banks for collection support.
Requires the Secretary to: (1) set an annual goal of increasing collections of high quality cord blood units; (2) identify at least one demonstration or outreach project to replicate and expand nationwide, as appropriate; and (3) submit a plan for meeting such goal to the relevant congressional committees if no such project can be identified.
Revises privacy requirements to protect the identity and privacy of patients and donors in accordance with federal and state law.
Requires the Secretary to submit an interim report to Congress within 180 days of enactment of this Act describing: (1) the methods to distribute federal funds to cord blood banks; (2) how cord blood banks contract with collection sites for the collection of cord blood units; and (3) recommendations for improving the methods to distribute federal funds to encourage the efficient collection of high-quality and diverse cord blood units. Directs the Advisory Council on Blood Stem Cell Transplantation to submit recommendations to the Secretary with respect to remote collection of cord blood units.
Authorizes appropriations for FY2011-FY2015 to carry out the Program.
Directs the Comptroller General to submit to the relevant congressional committees and the Secretary a report reviewing studies, demonstration programs, and outreach efforts for the purpose of increasing cord blood unit donation and collection for the Inventory to ensure a high-quality and genetically diverse inventory of cord blood units. | fc-sni-billsum | 0 | 0fe531175943c8aa7ec0690fd12356ae7b2befed70701e8958ff9d38df6f533f |
Instructions: In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input.
Input: this fact suggests that the yankees are a superlative baseball franchise , rather than simply the us baseball team that has won most often.
Output: | the facts suggest that the yankees are the best baseball team , rather than the team that has won the most. | fc-sni-turk | 0 | 3a766e9132f6e1dea57fc8a37aa94a3ebf04d8516e233fcf4b8cc58d7316c708 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Q: One hundred avian Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from cases of fowl cholera and related infections in England and Wales over a 13-year period were characterised by capsular PCR typing and analysis of outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles. Sixty-eight percent of the strains were of capsular type A, 14% were type F, 5% were type D, 4% were type B and 9% were untypable. Nineteen distinct OMP profiles (OMP-types) were identified based mainly on molecular mass heterogeneity of the heat-modifiable (OmpA) and porin (OmpH) proteins. Fifty-six percent of the isolates were represented by 15 OMP-types, whereas 44% of the isolates were associated with four OMP-types. The extensive molecular mass heterogeneity of the OmpA and OmpH proteins supports previous findings that avian P. multocida strains are very diverse. Furthermore, the isolates studied were associated with different clinical symptoms and were recovered from a wide range of lesions and tissues. The high degree of strain diversity together with the wide variety of clinical symptoms suggest that certain avian strains of P. multocida are opportunistic pathogens of relatively low virulence. Strains of capsular types B, D and F, as well as the untypable isolates, were associated exclusively with specific OMP-types and represent distinct and widely disseminated clonal groups. These observations support the view that avian strains of P. multocida have a clonal population structure. Based on previous studies, the molecular mass heterogeneity of the OmpA and OmpH proteins might provide a selective advantage to P. multocida by generating antigenic variation. #
A: | Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins 5 ( 0 2 ) 0 0 3 0 0 -0 | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | ed5bcd608a4d855ad5a5b9817f65239e957d579822821e6ceb66ed436c2efbcc |
In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
[EX Q]: Who were the stars of the 1955 film directed by Rene Clair ?
[EX A]: Michele Morgan and Gerard Philipe
[EX Q]: What is the market share of the television channel which has the show '' 120 minutes '' ?
[EX A]: 37%
[EX Q]: What house , built in 1796 , is situated in a city on the western bank of the Niagara River ?
[EX A]: | Whirlpool House | fc-sni-hybridqa | 0 | e0bd017a7109efdfca654f3f3cefb72d8edbbb9cf3b071d6d629463d4a84b222 |
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Context: '' Tell Me '' is the second single produced by Tim & Bob from Bobby Valentino 's debut album Bobby Valentino . The song sampled '' For the World '' composed by Tan Dun on the Hero soundtrack , starring Jet Li . British R&B singer Stevie Hoang 's song No Games sampled from the same source ., Changsha is the capital of Hunan province, south central China. It covers and is bordered by Yueyang and Yiyang to the north, Loudi to the west, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou to the south, Yichun and Pingxiang of Jiangxi province to the east. According to 2010 Census, Changsha had 7,044,118 residents, constituting 10.72% of the province's population., Hunan Province (Hunanese: Shuangfeng, ; Changsha) is a province of the People's Republic of China. It is located in South Central China, south of the middle course of the Yangtze River, and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name "Hunan", which means "south of the lake"). Hunan is sometimes called for short and officially abbreviated as "" (pinyin: Xing), named after the Xiang River which runs through the province., Beijing (formerly romanised as Peking) is the capital of the People's Republic of China and the world's third most populous city proper. It is also one of the world's most populous capital cities. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighbouring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China., Bobby Wilson (born February 27, 1980) better known by his stage name Bobby V, is an American singer, songwriter and actor. He has charted three No. 1 albums on "Billboard"s U.S. Top R&B Chart since 2006. V's first major single, "Slow Down" produced by Grammy Award winners Tim & Bob, charted No. 1 on "Billboard"s U.S. Top R&B Chart and peaked at No. 8 on "Billboard"s Hot 100 chart. The single was certified Gold by the RIAA. His second single, "Anonymous", was produced by Grammy Award-winning Timbaland., Li Lianjie (born 26 April 1963), better known by his stage name Jet Li, is a Chinese film actor, film producer, martial artist, and retired Wushu champion who was born in Beijing. He is a naturalized Singaporean citizen., UNESCO Goodwill Ambassadors are celebrity advocates of UNESCO (not diplomatic ambassadors) who use their talent or fame to spread the UNESCO ideals, especially attracting media attention. Other specialized categories of advocate include UNESCO Artist for Peace, UNESCO Champion for Sport and UNESCO Special Envoy., A stage name, also called a screen name, is a pseudonym used by performers and entertainers such as actors, comedians, and musicians., Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is an internationally co-produced martial arts wuxia film. Production funding came from investors in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the United States. Directed by Ang Lee and featuring an international cast of Chinese actors, including Chow Yun-fat, Michelle Yeoh, Zhang Ziyi and Chang Chen, the film was released in 2000. It was based on the fourth novel, of the same name, in the wuxia book series "Crane Iron Pentalogy", by Chinese novelist Wang Dulu. The martial arts and fighting action sequences were choreographed by Yuen Wo Ping, who later directed the English language sequel "", released in 2016., A composer (Latin "compn"; literally "one who puts together") is a person who creates or writes music, which can be vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music (e.g., for solo piano, string quartet, wind quintet or orchestra) or music which combines both instruments and voices (e.g., opera or art song, which is a singer accompanied by a pianist). The core meaning of the term refers to individuals who have contributed to the tradition of Western classical music through creation of works expressed in written musical notation (e.g., sheet music scores)., Tan Dun (; born 1957, Changsha, Hunan) is a Chinese contemporary classical composer and conductor, most widely known for his scores for the movies "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" and "Hero", as well as composing music for the medal ceremonies at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. His works often incorporate audiovisual elements; use instruments constructed from organic materials, such as paper, water, and stone; and, are often inspired by traditional Chinese theatrical and ritual performance. In 2013, he was named a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador., Subject: tell me , Relation: follows, Options: (A) 10 (B) 118 (C) 16 (D) 1963 (E) 2000 (F) 2010 (G) 26 (H) 72 (I) a (J) action (K) actor (L) after (M) and (N) april (O) art (P) as (Q) better (R) born (S) can (T) celebrity (U) china (V) cities (W) city (X) direct (Y) dragon (Z) fame ([) fighting (\) fourth (]) g (^) hero (_) iron (') is (a) lake (b) metropolitan (c) movies (d) music (e) on (f) or (g) organic (h) paper (i) people (j) performance (k) piano (l) populous (m) quartet (n) republic (o) river (p) s (q) slow down (r) solo (s) south (t) the city (u) the people (v) three (w) together (x) water (y) works | slow down | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | 2d25d170d09396371362954f407d581431cfcd70a9e7e0a72bf6d3f168dc6cae |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Which of the following is not explicitly conservationist: Theodore Roosevelt, Pheasants Forever, or the Boone and Crockett Club?, Context: Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use. Some groups represent a specific hunting interest, such as Ducks Unlimited, Pheasants Forever, or the Delta Waterfowl Foundation. Many hunting groups also participate in lobbying the federal government and state government.
Output: | Pheasants Forever | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 1ecc597a7bd6be73dba8d40fcd9c0cf5c798c433b0e98c814b49c9f43edfdc20 |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Ex Input:
Passage: The two main requirements of an anti-torque system are that it should prevent rotation of the sonde, and it should allow easy movement of the drill up and down the borehole. Attempts have been made to design drills with counter-rotating components so that overall torque is minimized, but these have had limited success. Five kinds of anti-torque systems have been devised for use with cable-suspended EM drills, though not all are in current use, and some drills have used a combination of more than one design. The first drill to require an anti-torque system was used at Camp Century by CRREL in 1966; the drill incorporated a set of hinged friction blades that swung out from the sonde when the drill motor was started. These were found to have very weak friction against the borehole wall, and were ineffective; the drill had to be controlled carefully to prevent twisting the cable. No other drills have attempted to use this approach.For the next deployment of the drill leaf springs were installed, and this has proved to be a more durable design. These are mounted vertically, with a curve outwards so that they are easily compressed by the borehole wall, and can slide up and down with the movement of the drill. They pass easily through any areas of irregularity in the borehole, but the edges of the springs cut into the borehole wall and prevent rotation. Leaf springs are very simple mechanically, with the additional benefit of being easy to adjust by changing the spacing between the end points. They can be placed anywhere on the drill that does not rotate, so they do not add length to the sonde. The shape is usually a fourth-order parabola, since this has been determined to provide the most even loading against the borehole wall. Leaf springs have been found to be so effective that they can prevent rotation even in heavy drills running at full power.Skate antitorque systems have blades attached to vertical bars which are pushed against the borehole wall; the blades dig into the wall and provide the anti-torque. Skates can be built with springs which allow them to keep the blades pressed against the wall in an irregular borehole, and to prevent problems in narrower parts of the borehole. Although skates are a popular design for anti-torque and have been used with success, they have difficulty preventing rotation in firn and at boundaries between layers of different densities, and can cause problems when drilling with high torque. When they fail, they act as reamers, removing chips from the wall which can fall to the drillbit and interfere with drilling.
Ex Output:
What acts as reamers when they fail?
Ex Input:
Passage: Radiohead began work on their ninth studio album in September 2014, joined again by Godrich. In 2015 they resumed work in the La Fabrique studio near Saint-Remy-de-Provence, France. The sessions were marred by the death of Godrich's father, and Yorke's separation from his wife, Rachel Owen, who died of cancer several months after the album's completion. In the same year, Yorke contributed a soundtrack, Subterranea, to The Panic Office, an installation of Radiohead artwork in Sydney, Australia, and Junun, a collaboration between Greenwood, Godrich, Israeli composer Shye Ben Tzur and Indian musicians, was released, accompanied by a documentary directed by Anderson. On Christmas Day 2015, Radiohead released a new song, "Spectre", on the audio streaming site SoundCloud. It had been commissioned for the 2015 James Bond film Spectre, but was rejected by the film producers as "too dark".Radiohead's ninth studio album, A Moon Shaped Pool, was released in May 2016 on Radiohead's website and online music stores, followed by retail versions in June via XL Recordings. It was promoted with music videos for the singles "Burn the Witch" and "Daydreaming", the latter directed by Anderson. The album includes several songs written years earlier, including "True Love Waits", and strings and choral vocals arranged by Jonny Greenwood and performed the London Contemporary Orchestra. It was Radiohead's sixth UK number-one album and reached number three in the US. It was the fifth Radiohead album nominated for the Mercury Prize, making Radiohead the most shortlisted act in the award's history, and was nominated for Best Alternative Music Album and Best Rock Song (for "Burn the Witch") at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards. It appeared on several publications' lists of the best albums of the year.
Ex Output:
What is the name of the song that had a music video directed by Anderson?
Ex Input:
Passage: James Longacre died suddenly at his home in Philadelphia on January 1, 1869. A memorial meeting was held at the Philadelphia Mint on January 5, attended by the facility's employees. The Director of the Mint, Henry Linderman, delivered a speech in praise of Longacre prior to the formal eulogy, which was given by Longacre's assistant, William Barber, who would be appointed as Longacre's successor. Like each of his predecessors, Longacre died in office.Longacre was recognized in an exhibit of 100 notable American engravers sponsored by the New York Public Library in 1928. In 1970, art historian Cornelius Vermeule, in his volume on U.S. coins, viewed Longacre and his works less favorably, "uniform in their dullness, lack of inspiration, and even quaintness, Longacre's contributions to patterns and regular coinage were a decided step backwards from the art of [Thomas] Sully, [Titian] Peale, [Robert] Hughes, and Gobrecht" and "whatever his previous qualities as an engraver of portraits, he seems not to have brought much imagination to his important post at the Philadelphia Mint." However, Vermeule considered the Flying Eagle cent more of a work of art, far above the mundane.In his 1991 article, McKenzie notes Vermeule's concerns, but considers Longacre's work important for its use of American symbols, including the representations of Native Americans. He believes Longacre's use of such symbols influenced later coin designers, such as George T. Morgan, Victor D. Brenner, and Augustus Saint-Gaudens. He particularly praises the ornate scroll on the reverse of the double eagle, calling it "unique in American numismatic art and enhances the elegance of a design befitting the highest-denomination U.S. coin", and applauds "the exciting innovation in symbolism and expression of national sentiment that he brought to U.S. numismatic art".According to Bowers, "Today, Longacre is widely admired by numismatists." Lange notes that Longacre's "artistic vision graced 60 years of American coins". Snow writes,
In view of the admiration that Saint-Gaudens, Vermeule, and others had for Longacre's "recycled" design borrowed from Gobrecht, and the enthusiasm collectors have for Flying Eagle cents today, perhaps it is all for the best that some other motif was not created in the 1850s at the Mint when experiments to eliminate the cumbersome large copper cent were conducted.
Ex Output: | What is the full name of the person that said "he seems not to have brought much imagination to his important post at the Philadelphia Mint.""? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | 2575387a7bcf20479eb19c62660facee11bd56a935e8f7971b7a8c7a0b5170f0 |
Teacher:In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Glenn Griffin (Humphrey Bogart) is the leader of a trio of escaped convicts who invade the Hilliard family's suburban home in Indianapolis and hold four members of the family hostage. There they await the arrival of a package from Griffin's girlfriend, that contains funds to aid the three fugitives in their escape.Police organize a statewide manhunt for the escapees and eventually discover the distraught family's plight. Griffin menaces and torments the Hilliards and threatens to kill them. Later, the unfortunate refuse collector George Patterson (Walter Baldwin), who happens upon the situation after noticing Griffin's car in the garage, is murdered in order to silence him, after being forced to drive into the country.Finally the father, Daniel Hilliard (Frederic March), after convincing law enforcement personnel that their plan to storm the residence is too risky for his family, plays a trick on Griffin using an unloaded handgun. He forces the convict out of the house with the outlaw's own weapon trained on him. Griffin is subsequently machine-gunned to death, when he hurls the firearm at a police spotlight and tries to make a break for it.
Student: | Question: What does Daniel HIllard convince law enforcement of ?, Answer: That their plant to storm the residence is too risky for his family. | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 0501de135afcc415323590e7341494ce74f1bc92f7f860bea1325a6e662ba8d9 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Let me give you an example: Text: title speaks for itself really...
i just wasted $1500 of my parents' money.
i feel terrible.
edit: i guess it wasn't that i took the wrong class, but the class i was taking wouldn't transfer credits over to my university. so really it was my negligence to do more research in the matter. gg
The answer to this example can be: TIFU by taking the wrong class for 2 weeks and only realizing it today
Here is why: This title is appropriate for the given text post because the focus of this post is about a humorous situation caused by "taking the wrong class".
OK. solve this:
Text: hi reddit! in this post i will be sharing a fuck up that of course did not happen today (took a looong time to process you see)
the story i am about to tell you is the most painfully embarrassing/cringe worthy thing that has ever happened to me this far in life (i'm only 17, praying i've seen the worst)
so, this happened last summer.
my dad and me were eating dinner in the kitchen. i would say we have a good, very open relationship, better than most of my girlfriends have with their dads. while eating dinner we were talking about his last ex-girlfriend. he told me that his ex's sister had sent him a picture of the two of them. he grabbed his phone and clicked on his album to show me the picture. we were sort of leaning in towards the middle of the table, with the phone facing the both of us. at the moment i had an iphone, and i have to tell you i am really bad with technology in general. i grabbed his phone, (an android), and pressed a button, trying to click the album away. instead, the screen showed all of his pictures, the full album of photos inn small pictures. i sort of freaked out, i didn't want to invade his privacy and photos, and a little panicky i clicked randomly at the screen. bam. my dads erect penis all over the motherfucking screen. we both saw it and our eyes met. i dropped the phone towards him, and backed the away. my dad just looked at me, like his soul just left his body, and exclaimed, "fuck. fuck, fuck, fuck, fuck". i pushed the chair away from the table and said i was sorry like a hunded times. he just stared down at the table, shaking his head. i stood up, went in to the living room and put on the tv. we pretended as if it never happened, and the night kept going like usual. we're probably gonna keep on doing so, till we fucking die. fuck
Answer: | TIFU by not understanding how android works [slightly NSFW] | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | 7497b1de7aa79a609e63686784e80fb42cb96f8e7fdd0a74a66ba8a338f1f129 |
In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Q: Deep neural networks are complex non-linear models used as predictive analytics tool and have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on many classification tasks. However, they have no inherent capability to recognize when their predictions might go wrong. There have been several efforts in the recent past to detect natural errors i.e. misclassified inputs but these mechanisms pose additional energy requirements. To address this issue, we present a novel post-hoc framework to detect natural errors in an energy efficient way. We achieve this by appending relevant features based linear classifiers per class referred as Relevant features based Auxiliary Cells (RACs). The proposed technique makes use of the consensus between RACs appended at few selected hidden layers to distinguish the correctly classified inputs from misclassified inputs. The combined confidence of RACs is utilized to determine if classification should terminate at an early stage. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique on various image classification datasets such as CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and Tiny-ImageNet. Our results show that for CIFAR100 dataset trained on VGG16 network, RACs can detect 46% of the misclassified examples along with 12% reduction in energy compared to the baseline network while 69% of the examples are correctly classified.
A: Improve the robustness and energy efficiency of a deep neural network using the hidden representations.
****
Q: Machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to poisoning attacks: An adversary can inject malicious points in the training dataset to influence the learning process and degrade the algorithm's performance. Optimal poisoning attacks have already been proposed to evaluate worst-case scenarios, modelling attacks as a bi-level optimization problem. Solving these problems is computationally demanding and has limited applicability for some models such as deep networks. In this paper we introduce a novel generative model to craft systematic poisoning attacks against machine learning classifiers generating adversarial training examples, i.e. samples that look like genuine data points but that degrade the classifier's accuracy when used for training. We propose a Generative Adversarial Net with three components: generator, discriminator, and the target classifier. This approach allows us to model naturally the detectability constrains that can be expected in realistic attacks and to identify the regions of the underlying data distribution that can be more vulnerable to data poisoning. Our experimental evaluation shows the effectiveness of our attack to compromise machine learning classifiers, including deep networks.
A: In this paper we propose a novel generative model to craft systematic poisoning attacks with detectability constraints against machine learning classifiers, including deep networks.
****
Q: Deep learning methods have achieved high performance in sound recognition tasks. Deciding how to feed the training data is important for further performance improvement. We propose a novel learning method for deep sound recognition: Between-Class learning (BC learning). Our strategy is to learn a discriminative feature space by recognizing the between-class sounds as between-class sounds. We generate between-class sounds by mixing two sounds belonging to different classes with a random ratio. We then input the mixed sound to the model and train the model to output the mixing ratio. The advantages of BC learning are not limited only to the increase in variation of the training data; BC learning leads to an enlargement of Fisher's criterion in the feature space and a regularization of the positional relationship among the feature distributions of the classes. The experimental results show that BC learning improves the performance on various sound recognition networks, datasets, and data augmentation schemes, in which BC learning proves to be always beneficial. Furthermore, we construct a new deep sound recognition network (EnvNet-v2) and train it with BC learning. As a result, we achieved a performance surpasses the human level.
A: | We propose an novel learning method for deep sound recognition named BC learning.
**** | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | 556cccd43bb1be1baa1e1dcaa775bdd7b6ee9b00c94268a57a2c2cb076dcacda |
Definition: Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input.
Input: Ionic compound atoms of various elements gain or lose electrons to produce ions.
Output: | Ionic compound atoms of various elements gain or lose electrons to? | fc-sni-scitail | 0 | adf9d5be56fff81cdc10197dbe3cef69e341b6ad3914e45a4846cca74ce39375 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
i was disapointed in this salt. since it is a truffle salt i expected to taste at least a hint of Truffle but didnt. if you want a really good Truffle flavored salt order Fusion Black Truffle salt it has a wonderfully strong aroma and great flavor!
Output: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 08ce06a350038d55bf9e4d5de966698e56105e43190721fd3c92555af39afeba |
instruction:
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
question:
Context: Kojo Adeyemo Annan ( born 25 July 1973 in Geneva , Switzerland ) is the only son of former UN Secretary - General Kofi Annan ., Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.
A Xhosa, Mandela was born in Mvezo to the Thembu royal family. He studied law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of the Witwatersrand before working as a lawyer in Johannesburg. There he became involved in anti-colonial and African nationalist politics, joining the ANC in 1943 and co-founding its Youth League in 1944. After the National Party's white-only government established apartheida system of racial segregation that privileged whiteshe and the ANC committed themselves to its overthrow. Mandela was appointed President of the ANC's Transvaal branch, rising to prominence for his involvement in the 1952 Defiance Campaign and the 1955 Congress of the People. He was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the 1956 Treason Trial. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the South African Communist Party (SACP). Although initially committed to non-violent protest, in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1961 and led a sabotage campaign against the government. In 1962, he was arrested for conspiring to overthrow the state and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. Amid growing domestic and international pressure, and with fears of a racial civil war, President F. W. de Klerk released him in 1990. Mandela and de Klerk negotiated an end to apartheid and organised the 1994 multiracial general election in which Mandela led the ANC to victory and became President. Leading a broad coalition government which promulgated a new constitution, Mandela emphasised reconciliation between the country's racial groups and created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. Economically, Mandela's administration retained its predecessor's liberal framework despite his own socialist beliefs, also introducing measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial and served as Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999. He declined a second presidential term and in 1999 was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman and focused on combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the charitable Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life. Although critics on the right denounced him as a communist terrorist and those on the radical left deemed him too eager to negotiate and reconcile with apartheid's supporters, he gained international acclaim for his activism. Widely regarded as an icon of democracy and social justice, he received more than 250 honoursincluding the Nobel Peace Prizeand became the subject of a cult of personality. He is held in deep respect within South Africa, where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, and described as the "Father of the Nation"., Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana is a unitary presidential constitutional democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa. Spanning a land mass of 238,535km, Ghana is bordered by the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east and the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean in the south. "Ghana" means "Warrior King" in the Soninke language., Kofi Atta Annan (born 8 April 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1997 to December 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He is the founder and chairman of the Kofi Annan Foundation, as well as chairman of The Elders, an international organization founded by Nelson Mandela., Subject: kojo annan, Relation: country_of_citizenship, Options: (A) burkina faso (B) ghana (C) ivory coast (D) lawyer (E) politician (F) transvaal
answer:
ghana
question:
Context: Paul Gage is a research computer scientist who works at Cray Supercomputers . He is most well known for collaborating with David Slowinski on an algorithm that is credited with the discovery of several of the largest Mersenne primes : 2756839 1 in 1992 , 2859433 1 in 1994 , and 21257787 1 in 1996 ., In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number that can be written in the form for some integer . They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 17th century. The first four Mersenne primes are 3, 7, 31, and 127., A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in his/her work, typically to solve mathematical problems., David Slowinski is a mathematician involved in prime numbers. His career highlights have included the discovery of several of the largest known Mersenne primes:
He has also written several textbooks on the subject., Subject: paul gage, Relation: occupation, Options: (A) friar (B) mathematician
answer:
mathematician
question:
Context: The Bothnian Sea links the Bothnian Bay (also called the Bay of Bothnia) with the Baltic proper. Kvarken is situated between the two. Together, the Bothnian Sea and Bay make up a larger geographical entity, the Gulf of Bothnia, where the Bothnian Sea is the southern part. The whole Gulf of Bothnia is situated between Sweden, to the West, Finland, to the East, and the Sea of Aland and Archipelago Sea to the South. The surface area of Bothnian Sea is approximately 79,000km. The largest coastal towns, from south to north, are Rauma and Pori in Finland, and Gavle and Sundsvall in Sweden. Umea (Sweden) and Vaasa (Finland) lie in the extreme north, near Bothnian Bay., S - 2 was a Soviet S - class submarine . In early 1940 , it entered Swedish territorial waters in the Sea of Aland where it hit a Swedish naval mine , and sank on January 2 , 1940 with the loss of all 50 crew members ., The Sea of Aland is a waterway in the southern Gulf of Bothnia, between the Aland islands and Sweden. It connects the Bothnian Sea with the Baltic Sea proper. The seas are often choppy here. The narrowest part is named South Kvarken. The trench running on the bottom of the Sea of Aland contains the second deepest spot of the Baltic Sea, at a depth of 301 meters, which is second only to Landsort Deep., The Soviet Navy (literally "Military Maritime Fleet of the USSR") was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy was a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic plan in the event of a conflict with the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), or another conflict related to the Warsaw Pact. The influence of the Soviet Navy played a large role in the Cold War, as the majority of conflicts centered on naval forces., A submarine is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term most commonly refers to a large, crewed vessel. It is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Used as an adjective in phrases such as "submarine cable", "submarine" means "under the sea". The noun "submarine" evolved as a shortened form of "submarine boat" (and is often further shortened to "sub"). For reasons of naval tradition, submarines are usually referred to as "boats" rather than as "ships", regardless of their size., The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The headquarters of the United Nations is in Manhattan, New York City, and experiences extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict., The Gulf of Bothnia is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It is situated between Finland's west coast and Sweden's east coast. In the south of the gulf lie the Aland Islands, between the Sea of Aland and the Archipelago Sea., World WarII (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World WarII the deadliest conflict in human history., The S-class or Srednyaya ("medium") submarines were part of the Soviet Navy's underwater fleet during World War II. Unofficially nicknamed Stalinets ("follower of Stalin"; not to be confused with the submarine L-class L-2 "Stalinets" of 1931), boats of this class were the most successful and achieved the most significant victories among all Soviet submarines. In all, they sank of merchant shipping and seven warships, which accounts for about one-third of all tonnage sunk by Soviet submarines during the war., Territorial waters or a territorial sea as defined by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is a belt of coastal waters extending at most from the baseline (usually the mean low-water mark) of a coastal state. The territorial sea is regarded as the sovereign territory of the state, although foreign ships (civilian) are allowed innocent passage through it, or transit passage for straits; this sovereignty also extends to the airspace over and seabed below. Adjustment of these boundaries is called, in international law, maritime delimitation., Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Oresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas., The Aland Islands or Aland is a region of Finland that consists of an archipelago at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea. It is autonomous, demilitarised and is the only monolingually Swedish-speaking region in Finland. Collectively, the islands in the archipelago form the smallest region of Finland, constituting 0.49% of its land area and 0.50% of its population., Subject: soviet submarine s-2, Relation: operator, Options: (A) denmark (B) finland (C) geneva (D) norway (E) refer (F) southern (G) soviet navy (H) vaasa (I) world war ii
answer: | soviet navy | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | ff5229d883beebf62b0a97b85b1163789917f271f2d6f5f95f7899555d876939 |
Q: Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Voltaire Genius of Mockery book is about the life of Voltaire, French philosopher, poet and novelist. It covers his entire life from birth to death. Each page comes alive and one can picture his joys and his frustrations as he battles the repressive Catholic Church and the French monarchy over the publication of his books, his plays and his personal philosophy. Also, his fight for the rights of the persecuted is eloquently portrayed in the period just before the French Revolution. One also gets a glimpse of the life in the 18th century through his relationships with Fredrick the Great, King of Prussia, Madame du Chatelet his lover, and Louis XV, King of France. One will understand his stories, such as Candid when one knows the man and his smile.
A: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 1b916c142ec4634fd7aab9660fd32c7d368ef80f3545f71426112a56f40fbf14 |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Ex Input:
Great. Are there any other fun facts that you can tell me?
Totegegie airport in Mangareva can be reached by air from the French Polynesian capital, Papeete.
Interesting. What else can you tell me?
Indeed! You're welcome! You as well.
It sounds like they don't have many roads to travel by. Thanks for the information! Have a great evening!
Ex Output:
Totegegie airport in Mangareva can be reached by air from the French Polynesian capital, Papeete.
Ex Input:
Amazing, what abut it's hydrology?
You're Welcome! Happy to have helped!
Would you like to here more about the nature in Franz Josef Land?
Hey, what can you tell me about Franz Josef Land?
Franz Josef Land is made up of many islands, 191 islands total and around 80% of these are covered in ice year round. This makes for a great home to polar bears .
Ex Output:
Franz Josef Land is made up of many islands, 191 islands total and around 80% of these are covered in ice year round. This makes for a great home to polar bears .
Ex Input:
I'm sure there are a lot of info. What other interesting facts?
What other interesting facts can you tell me about Bolivia?
After a resurgence of gas protects in 2005, Carlos Mesa attempted to resign in January 2005 but his offer was refused by the congress.
Really? Interesting. What else can you tell me about their history?
Who knows. It's probably still going on. :) Thanks for the fascinating information! Have a great day.
Ex Output: | After a resurgence of gas protects in 2005, Carlos Mesa attempted to resign in January 2005 but his offer was refused by the congress. | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | d7b0a554d9d3175c0531a2b9b60431dedb05102eb146d32817fce5f251ca4e40 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Q: Recent studies have highlighted adversarial examples as a ubiquitous threat to different neural network models and many downstream applications. Nonetheless, as unique data properties have inspired distinct and powerful learning principles, this paper aims to explore their potentials towards mitigating adversarial inputs. In particular, our results reveal the importance of using the temporal dependency in audio data to gain discriminate power against adversarial examples. Tested on the automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks and three recent audio adversarial attacks, we find that (i) input transformation developed from image adversarial defense provides limited robustness improvement and is subtle to advanced attacks; (ii) temporal dependency can be exploited to gain discriminative power against audio adversarial examples and is resistant to adaptive attacks considered in our experiments. Our results not only show promising means of improving the robustness of ASR systems, but also offer novel insights in exploiting domain-specific data properties to mitigate negative effects of adversarial examples.
A: | Adversarial audio discrimination using temporal dependency | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | 41c69ca08fe55eb57a398cfb693f3919b376b3d542b7361e29c7833b31e7273d |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: threat and non-threat. Threat is a statement that someone will be hurt or harmed, especially if the person does not do something in particular.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Comment: Enough already. Cut the head off this snake.
Solution: Threat
Reason: This comment conveys a violent threat to someone.
Now, solve this instance: Comment: "President Donald Trump can return to the United States claiming to have snagged over $250-billion in deals from his maiden trip to Beijing.
Whether those deals live up to the lofty price tag is another question altogether.
As is often the case during state visits, many of the deals were packaged as "non-binding" agreements, gave scant details or rolled over existing tie-ups, helping pump up the headline figure."
--
If this follows the pattern of other Trump "deals", it will just prove to be a lot of bombast and hot air.
Trump's greatest industrial policy so far has been to produce a lot of gas.
The Moron-In-Chief thinks that the rest of the world are as gullible as the Trumpenproletariat that he's suckered.
Student: | Non-threat | fc-sni-jigsaw | 0 | c02b8a419753f3a67f15af066a298fab8299e2cfc896811976fe39c6988b72be |
In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that seamlessly connects with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes more sense.
--------
Question: Title: The Acceptance Letter. Sentence 1: Jamillah always wanted to be a lawyer. Sentence 2: She went to college and studied hard day and night. Sentence 3: Passing the bar exam meant she could take care of her mom. Sentence 4: The day of the test, Jamilah's stomach was in knots. Choices: a. After reading the letter from the law firm, she hugged her mom. b. Cindy and her mom had fun roasting marshmallows in their backyard.
Answer: a
Question: Title: Lighter. Sentence 1: Bob wanted to smoke a cigarette. Sentence 2: However, he forgot his lighter. Sentence 3: He went to his friend and asked for one. Sentence 4: His friend said he doesn't have one. Choices: a. It ended up sliding down all the time. b. Bob knows his friend has one however.
Answer: b
Question: Title: Chili. Sentence 1: Lori was cooking dinner. Sentence 2: She bought all the ingredients for chili. Sentence 3: As she was mixing everything together, the red pepper spilled. Sentence 4: She tried to scoop it out but was unsuccessful. Choices: a. Lori's chili was extra spicy. b. They put her in the ground.
Answer: | a | fc-sni-rocstories | 0 | b5febfdc80f004654bb786b31e4e6f1439a335f648a2f8a389094d8c24969496 |
In this task, you must classify if a given review is positive/negative, indicating your answer as P or N.
[Q]: jay and silent bob strike back , kevin smith 's swan song to his two most famous characters , is the best received comedy that i 've seen since there 's something about mary , which is a tea party in comparison to the foul - mouthed humor in jay and silent bob strike back .
the audience did n't just laugh ; they went wild with boisterous laughter and heavy applause throughout .
in short , if you like really raunchy humor , you may find it , as i did , to be the funniest movie of the year .
( on the other hand , if you are one of those who walked out in disgust with smith 's dogma , then jay and silent bob strike back is not the movie for you . ) in one of the fastest paced movies of the year
, the story has jay and silent bob ( jason mewes and kevin smith ) , a pair of card carrying drug dealers , traveling from their new jersey convenience store home to hollywood so that they can stop a movie .
it seems their comic book alter egos , bluntman and chronic , are being used in a movie without jay and silent bob 's consent .
jason biggs and james van der beek are slated to star in it .
jay and silent bob strike back has more and better used cameos than just about any movie that i 've ever seen .
among others , they include carrie fisher as a bible - toting nun , mark hamill as a comic book version of his famous alter ego and gus van sant as a director too busy counting his money to yell , " action !
" best of all are ben affleck and matt damon who mock themselves and their movies .
the film stops several times to make fun of itself and of the audience who was " stupid " enough to buy tickets to this movie .
( actually , purchasing tickets to this film is extremely smart given that it delivers more laughter per dollar than anything in recent memory . )
the film even skewers people who write about movies on the internet .
guilty .
although it 's filled with inside jokes , you 'll still be laughing even if you only get some of them .
it 's easy to understand enough so that they are still funny .
jay is a motor mouth who has n't met a subject that he could n't vulgarize .
his favorite topic is oral sex , but , being an equal opportunity profaner , he 's willing to make crude jokes about absolutely anything .
but it is his buddy , the aptly named silent bob , who is responsible for most of the movie 's success .
his reaction shots , with his wildly exaggerated eye movements , are comedic gems .
the story 's main subplot concerns four animal rights activists , justice ( shannon elizabeth ) and her three sexy buddies , sissy ( eliza dushku ) , missy ( jennifer schwalbach smith ) and chrissy ( ali larter ) .
these charlie 's angels types give a ride to our heroes on their trek to lalaland to stop the picture .
jay tries to put the moves on justice , but he does n't stay in command of the situation for long .
one of the funnier sight gags has the women using a pink , clam - shaped , birth control case that contains high tech gadgetry .
granted , it 's not the movie for everyone , but , if you like kevin smith 's brand of humor , you 'll find that this is his best .
and , as i said earlier , it 's the funniest movie of the year thus far .
no , wait .
forget , ' thus far . '
it 's bound to be the funniest movie of the year
.
in a time when almost every movie feels obligated to come in at pg-13 so that they can rake in the maximum cash , it 's great to see a filmmaker with the guts to target only a mature audience .
jay and silent bob strike back runs a lightening fast 1 : 35 .
it is rated r and contains pervasive crude humor and language and sexual situations .
it would be acceptable for high school seniors and older .
the film opens nationwide in the united states on wednesday , august 22 , 2001 .
in the silicon valley , it will be showing at the amc and the century theaters .
[A]: P
[Q]: best remembered for his understated performance as dr .
hannibal lecter in michael mann 's forensics thriller , manhunter , scottish character actor brian cox brings something special to every movie he works on .
usually playing a bit role in some studio schlock ( he dies halfway through the long kiss goodnight ) , he 's only occasionally given something meaty and substantial to do .
if you want to see some brilliant acting , check out his work as a dogged police inspector opposite frances mcdormand in ken loach 's hidden agenda .
cox plays the role of big john harrigan in the disturbing new indie flick l .
i .
e . , which lot 47 picked up at sundance when other distributors were scared to budge .
big john feels the love that dares not speak its name , but he expresses it through seeking out adolescents and bringing them back to his pad .
what bothered some audience members was the presentation of big john in an oddly empathetic light .
he 's an even - tempered , funny , robust old man who actually listens to the kids ' problems ( as opposed to their parents and friends , both caught up in the high - wire act of their own confused lives . )
he 'll have sex - for - pay with them only after an elaborate courtship , charming them with temptations from the grown - up world .
l .
i .
e . stands for long island expressway , which slices through the strip malls and middle - class homes of suburbia .
filmmaker michael cuesta uses it as a ( pretty transparent ) metaphor of dangerous escape for his 15-year old protagonist , howie ( paul franklin dano ) .
in his opening voice - over , howie reveals a morbid preoccupation with death on the road , citing the l .
i .
e .
highway deaths of filmmaker alan
j .
pakula , songwriter harry chapin , and his own mother on exit 52 .
he 's both fascinated and disturbed by the l .
i .
e . , and those feelings are projected onto big john ( who follows howie around in his bright red car , but never makes a move to force the boy to do something he does n't want to do .
this makes him much more complex than the usual child molesters seen in movies -- he 's a beast , but ashamed of it . )
l .
i .
e . would have worked best as a half - hour short film about howie 's ill - advised foray into big john 's haven .
there is unnecessary padding with howie 's miserable dad ( bruce altman ) in the hot seat for a white - collar crime , degenerate youngsters who get their kicks from robbing middle - class houses , and some homoerotic shenanigans with wise - ass gary terrio ( billy kay ) , a handsome artful dodger . rather than add to the themes of suburban ennui ( not that we needed another movie on that subject ) , these awkward subplots pad out the running time to adequate feature length .
concurrently , the relationship between howie and big john is evenly paced and exceptionally well acted .
cox , sporting a baseball cap and a faded marine tattoo , is all bluff and bluster .
dano is quiet and at first glance seems so withdrawn as to be transparent .
we 're so used to child actors whose dramatic choices are broad and obvious ( calling haley joel ! ) , it 's surprising to see one who actually listens throughout any given scene .
the restraint is admirable .
but l . i .
e . 's
screenplay does n't always give them the best material .
when howie reads big john a walt whitman poem , the moment feels a bit too precious .
director michael cuesta lingers on an ecstatic reaction shot of big john , who may as well be hearing glenn gould performing bach 's goldberg variations .
it 's too much .
there are also some obvious dramatic contrivances involving big john 's other boy toy ( walter masterson ) , jealous over the newbie .
this plot thread predictably leads to violence .
not content to be a haunting , observational portrait of teen alienation in a royally screwed up world ( like terry zwigoff 's superb ghost world ) , cuesta lacks the confidence in his own work to end on an ambivalent note .
it 's typical of unimaginative cinema to wrap things up with a bullet , sparing the writers from actually having to come up with a complex , philosophical note .
in this regard
, l . i .
e .
( and countless other indie films ) share something in common with blockbuster action films : problems are solved when the obstacle is removed .
how often does real life work this way ? to extend the question : if a movie is striving for realism , do dramatic contrivances destroy the illusion ?
[A]: N
[Q]: some talented actresses are blessed with a demonstrated wide acting range while others , almost as gifted , have more limited types of parts for which they are suitable .
as was amply evident after basic instinct , sharon stone can play sensual roles with great abandon . rejecting her natural abilities , she has spent the rest of her entire career trying with little success to play against type .
gloria is her latest disaster .
babe ruth did n't quit baseball after one season to play football in a quixotic quest to prove his athletic dexterity , and neither should stone reject what she does best .
janeane garofalo , for example , is no less wonderful an actress because she could have never pulled off stone 's part in basic instinct ; neither is stone any less talented because she could n't do garofalo 's comedic roles .
gloria , directed by respected director sidney lumet and adapted by steve antin from the 1980 screenplay by john cassavetes , was not screened in advance for critics ,
almost always a sign that the studio is n't behind the picture .
after seeing it in a nearly empty audience after it opened , it is clear why they held it from the press .
it is a film more to be endured than enjoyed .
as the story opens , an angry gloria ( stone ) is being released from prison after 3 years confinement .
she 's got a bad attitude and a big mouth .
she also has a bad case of wavering and overblown new york accents , a disease suffered by much of the rest of the cast .
an annoying child actor named jean - luke figueroa plays a soon - to - be orphan named nicky .
just before his whole family is gunned down by hoods working for gloria 's ex - boyfriend kevin ( jeremy northam ) , nicky 's dad gives him a banana yellow floppy disk with secrets about kevin 's operation and offers him a piece of fatherly advice .
" be a man , " his father lectures him sternly .
" do n't trust nobody .
not no broads .
nobody .
"
most of the film 's leaden dialog is delivered with the emotive power of the automated time and temperature announcements .
add in the movie 's almost non - existent background noise and the excruciatingly slow pacing , and you can hear the sounds of the lines falling to the ground like stones .
lumet places his actors in the frames like fruit in a still life painting .
they stand awkwardly mouthing the stiff sentences that pass for discourse .
( " say you 're my baby , " kevin coos demandingly .
"
i 'm not gon na , " gloria pouts back . )
the movie has a plethora of logical flaws and implausibilites .
the kid rarely seems the least bit worried or scared , no matter how many people are after him with guns , trying to kill him .
and in one key scene , the yellow floppy he holds is assumed to be the right disk without checking it and is further assumed never to have been copied .
gloria , who keeps saying how she hates kids , takes nicky under her wing and protects him from kevin and the bad guys .
think her maternal instincts will show up before the movie finally and predictably ends ? if you do n't know the answer , you may be just the right viewer for this film .
you have to say this for stone : she can keep a straight face .
when explaining life to a 7-year - old kid , she says with utter seriousness , " you got a lot of love making to make ; you got a lot of boozing to do .
" gloria runs 1 : 48 .
it is rated r for profanity , violence and brief male nudity and would be acceptable for teenagers .
[A]: | N | fc-sni-movie_rationales | 0 | baa4280459f03e7b4711f5584077ef8c6145029e7bc8729800ac94990cb43dfa |
In this task, you are given a sentence. You are expected to recognize the name of gene or protein. Although there might be several correct answers, you need to write one of them.
Input: Consider Input: Preferential transcription of HTLV - I LTR in cell - free extracts of human T cells producing HTLV - I viral proteins .
Output: viral proteins
Input: Consider Input: In contrast , 50 % downmodulation of HLA - A2 by Nef required 16 to 24 h and about 50 - to 100 - fold - greater concentrations of 4 - HT .
Output: HLA - A2
Input: Consider Input: In these hematopoietic cells , Bcl - 3 was hyperphosphorylated . | Output: Bcl - 3 | fc-sni-jnlpba_corpus | 0 | d9e13c6f40a701548ac9ee2dc27ebad66d16bd3cafe380c88878e721d8904f4b |
Teacher:In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: in the record of any possible medical treatment that Monroe County or the individual defendants could have provided to save the life of the Decedent. Phillips argues in her brief that it is not necessary for her to prove chemotherapy would have saved the Decedent's life. First, she refers to the fright and anxiety both she and the Decedent suffered because of the delay in chemotherapy. In this regard, Phillips confuses the causation issue. In a survival action, damages for the Decedent's physical suffering and mental anxiety as a result of the alleged deprivation of medical care would have been appropriate. In a wrongful death context, however, no damages are available until the plaintiff has cleared the causation hurdle. See Wilks v. Am. Tobacco Co., 680 So.2d 839, 842 (Miss.1996) (<HOLDING>). Second, Phillips suggests that she need only
Holding statements: (A) recognizing cause of action for wrongful death (B) holding that plaintiffs failure to prove decedents death was caused by the wrongful acts of the defendant precludes any recovery of wrongful death damages under mississippis wrongful death statute (C) holding unconstitutional a state wrongful death statute which denied illegitimate children the right to recover for the wrongful death of their mother (D) holding that a failure to include a beneficiary in a wrongful death action is a defect because the wrongful death act restricts plaintiffs to a single action (E) holding that mississippis wrongful death statute creates an independent cause of action
Student: | (B) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | 334284b7b714472e5d4aef45590c951477c95d7e87de76068433c44847a0d4b4 |
Q: In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Yeah! LA traffic are always congested! What are the tourist attractions in California?
Hello! I'd like to know something about California please.
I can't find anything on etymology. But California is often geographically bisected into two regions. Southern California and Northern California.
Four of the top 15 most populous cities in the U.S are in California: Los Angeles(2nd), San Diego(8th) San Jose (10th), and San Francisco (13th).
Okay! I've been to all of these cities before except for San Diego. Do you have something on California's demographics?
A: | Four of the top 15 most populous cities in the U.S are in California: Los Angeles(2nd), San Diego(8th) San Jose (10th), and San Francisco (13th). | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | f4e624368524ccd48d5249461329c2f81365ae06d557ebf85f5f62faa1ac10d4 |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Q: Phage-displayed peptide libraries were used to map immunologically relevant epitopes on the surface (S) glycoprotein of a neurotropic murine coronavirus (MHV-A59). Three in vitro virus-neutralizing and in vivo protective mAbs against either continuous or discontinuous epitopes on the S glycoprotein were used to screen 12 different peptide libraries expressed on the pVIII major coat protein of the fd filamentous bacteriophage. Consensus sequences that matched short sequences within the S glycoprotein were identified. The sequence of a tight-binding, mAb-selected peptide suggested the location of a discontinuous epitope within the N-terminal S1 subunit. Several tightly binding phage were amplified and used directly as immunogens in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Partial protection of C57BL/6 mice against a lethal acute virus infection was achieved with a phage preparation that displayed a linear epitope. Protection correlated with the presence of sufficient levels of specific antiviral antibodies recognizing the same immunodominant domain and 13-mer peptide, located within the C-terminal S2 subunit, as the selecting mAb. Thus, the direct use of phage-displayed peptides to evaluate protective antiviral immune responses complements their use to characterize antibody-binding epitopes. This is the first evaluation of protective immunization induced by mAb-selected phage-displayed peptides.
A: | Characterization of Murine Coronavirus Neutralization Epitopes with Phage-Displayed Peptides | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 7ccdbd75fdf85e64d18d2e27b47f25f4a965e076f16263acf8fae5b6305b0d54 |
Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Q: Mrs May was applauded by other leaders at dinner in Brussels on Thursday night after she made a speech about Brexit.
But the round of applause during Thursday's dinner suggests the process is more or less on track - and indicates a degree of support in Europe for Mrs May says the BBC's Europe correspondent Kevin Connolly.
During the dinner with the 27 other EU leaders Mrs May urged them to approve an agreement to move Brexit talks on to a second phase.
In a brief speech she stressed her keenness to get on with shaping a "deep and special" future partnership as quickly as possible leaving no doubt that she believes she was "on course to deliver Brexit".
She said she made "no secret" of wanting to move on to the next phase and to approaching it with "ambition and creativity".
"A particular priority should be agreement on the implementation period so that we can bring greater certainty to businesses in the UK and across the 27 " she said.
In applauding Mrs May Mr Juncker said her EU colleagues "felt that she did make a big effort and this has to be recognised" while Austrian Chancellor Christian Kern said he appreciated " her efforts and engagement".
Mrs May has said the Brexit process is still "on course" despite her defeat in a Parliamentary vote on Wednesday night.
Speaking in Brussels Mrs May said she was "disappointed" at the vote on the EU Withdrawal Bill but the legislation was making "good progress".
Meanwhile Mrs May is facing a further challenge next week when MPs vote on a government amendment to enshrine the Brexit date of 29 March 2019 in law.
The BBC's political editor Laura Kuenssberg said there was no sign so far that Mrs May was going to budge on the issue but further compromises could be "forced on her ".
A: | Brexit: EU leaders set to move talks on to next stage | fc-sni-persent | 0 | 4fb5570c29d8e8c1bd81831cfcdaed0568a8e8d9c61d29f8c3d885fda744b4ac |
instruction:
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
question:
Background: Standardized Korean red ginseng extract has become the best-selling influenza-like illness (ILI) remedy in Korea, yet much controversy regarding the efficacy of the Korean red ginseng (KRG) in reducing ILI incidence remains. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of the KRG extract on the ILI incidence in healthy adults. Methods/Design: We will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at the onset of the influenza seasons. A total of 100 subjects 30-70 years of age will be recruited from the general populations. The subjects will be instructed to take 9 capsules per day of either the KRG extract or a placebo for a period of 3 months. The primary outcome measure is to assess the frequency of ILI onset in participated subjects. Secondary variable measures will be included severity and duration of ILI symptoms. The ILI symptoms will be scored by subjects using a 4-point scale. Discussion: This study is a randomized placebo controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of the KRG extract compared to placebo and will be provided valuable new information about the clinical and physiological effects of the KRG extract on reduction of ILI incidence including flu and upper respiratory tract infections. The study has been pragmatically designed to ensure that the study findings can be implemented into clinical practice if KRG extract can be shown to be an effective reduction strategy in ILI incidence. Trial Registration: NCT01478009.
answer:
A placebo-controlled trial of Korean red ginseng extract for preventing Influenza-like illness in healthy adults
question:
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition receptor which is classified as a long-pentraxin in the pentraxin family. It is known to play an important role in innate immunity, inflammatory regulation, and female fertility. PTX3 is synthesized by specific cells, primarily in response to inflammatory signals. Among these various cells, neutrophils have a unique PTX3 production system. Neutrophils store PTX3 in neutrophil-specific granules and then the stored PTX3 is released and localizes in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Although certain NET components have been identified, such as histones and anti-microbial proteins, the detailed mechanisms by which NETs localize, as well as capture and kill microbes, have not been fully elucidated. PTX3 is a candidate diagnostic marker of infection and vascular damage. In severe infectious diseases such as sepsis, the circulating PTX3 concentration increases greatly (up to 100 ng/mL, i.e., up to 100-fold of the normal level). Even though it is clearly implied that PTX3 plays a protective role in sepsis and certain other disorders, the detailed mechanisms by which it does so remain unclear. A proteomic study of PTX3 ligands in septic patients revealed that PTX3 forms a complex with certain NET component proteins. This suggests a role for PTX3 in which it facilitates the efficiency of anti-microbial protein pathogen clearance by interacting with both pathogens and anti-microbial proteins. We discuss the possible relationships between PTX3 and NET component proteins in the host protection afforded by the innate immune response. The PTX3 complex has the potential to be a highly useful diagnostic marker of sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
answer:
Host-protective effect of circulating pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and complex formation with neutrophil extracellular traps
question:
Microglia and macrophages are related cell types that play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE. This chapters reviews the role of these cells in the normal brain and their contribution to inflammatory demyelinating disease, including their role in antigen presentation, co-stimulation, and production of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators The microglia, a brain-resident, non-neuronal cell and the blood-derived or haematogenous macrophage represent two related cell types involved in key events in the development of pathology in Multiple Sclerosis and its autoimmune animal model, the Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis. Microglia and macrophages fulfil a variety of different functions, but they are also recognized for their ability to act as a particularly fine sensor of brain pathology. Both cell types are rapidly activated and recruited to sites of infection, neurodegeneration, stroke, autoimmune inflammatory models such as EAE and its presumptive human counterpart, multiple sclerosis. Microglia and macrophages are stimulated by a variety of cytokines, neurotransmitters, modulators and putative neurotoxins, extracellular matrix molecules and proteases present in the inflamed central nervous system. Moreover, both cell types are plastic in their morphology and cellular identity. The presence of dying cells and cell debris will cause a transformation of phagocytic microglia into a detached, rounded and migratory or amoeba-like (amoeboid) macrophage (Streit et al., 1988; Bohatschek et al., 2001). This also works in reverse: surrounded by a CNS environment, non-phagocytic macrophages freshly recruited from the blood stream will gradually develop
answer: | Chapter A7 ROLE OF MICROGLIA AND MACROPHAGES IN EAE | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 1203bdadb4b4d5cb5f61571f2444dbab831108b436ca53eac15b1678d7c56d90 |
Q: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Which Asian group has the second lowest population?, Context: The 2010 United States Census reported that Fresno had a population of 494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km). The racial makeup of Fresno was 245,306 (49.6%) White, 40,960 (8.3%) African American, 8,525 (1.7%) Native American, 62,528 (12.6%) Asian (3.6% Hmong, 1.7% Indian, 1.2% Filipino, 1.2% Laotian, 1.0% Thai, 0.8% Cambodian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean), 849 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 111,984 (22.6%) from other races, and 24,513 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 232,055 persons (46.9%). Among the Hispanic population, 42.7% of the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic Whites were 30.0% of the population in 2010, down from 72.6% in 1970.
A: | Vietnamese | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 3d1b16b51598877ae1d8ae049fc693a65965504409c77636f98310d8af2b1d07 |
Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input.
--------
Question: Fruit food provides the most energy for the body in the shortest amount of time.
Answer: Which food provides the most energy for the body in the shortest amount of time?
Question: Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of autotrophs.
Answer: Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of what?
Question: Water contains 3 atoms.
Answer: | How many atoms does water contain? | fc-sni-scitail | 0 | d0784de683bc8d3678239cd4577947fd9580f44745cbb46b2905e5c03b9dcb41 |
Instructions: Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
Input: Context: 118401 LINEAR (provisional designation 1999 RE70) is an asteroid and main-belt comet (176P/LINEAR) that was discovered by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) 1-metre telescopes in Socorro, New Mexico on September 7, 1999.
Question: Who made 118401 LINEAR known?
Output: | lincoln near-earth asteroid research | fc-sni-mrqa | 0 | 7376e74cba0c4daedc47f0ed8b156d04c34a4a1bff04a1df0ec8aaf119f9bf92 |
In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
--------
Question: Fact1: firefight Upon arrival at there is destination, Fact2: diamond is stolen firefight, Fact3: that US customs agent is searching for jewel, Fact4: Katherine pass information on to Jane and Baldwin, Fact5: Baldwin is framed for Katherine 's murder
Answer: Tom Baldwin and Joe Dugan are two American adventurers who are hired to escort the wife of a Chinese general to Shanghai. She is carrying a priceless diamond. Upon their arrival at the destination, there is a firefight, during which the diamond is stolen. The two Americans round up a group of suspects, but have no luck uncovering the stolen jewel. Among the suspects are Jane Dunn and Katherine Collins, an author named Anthony Durand, and Harvey Dinwiddle. They release the suspects, and then make plans to travel to San Francisco. When they board the ship, they are surprised to find that all of the suspects are also aboard the same ship. As they resume their search for the diamond, Baldwin and Dugan discover that Jane is a US customs agent, who is also searching for the jewel. As the search goes on, Baldwin and Jane fall in love. After their room is tossed, Dugan is killed. Katherine is an insurance investigator, who has uncovered some information, but she is killed before she can pass that information on to Jane and Baldwin. Baldwin is framed for Katherines murder, but Jane solves the diamonds theft and the murders, revealing that Durand and his henchman, Dinwiddle, are the perpetrators. Baldwin and Jane are married by the ships captain.
Question: Fact1: Jimmy Shannon is junior partner in brokerage firm of Meekin and Shannon, Fact2: brokerage firm of Meekin and Shannon is on brink of financial, Fact3: lawyer manages to inform Jimmy of terms of grandfather 's will, Fact4: Jimmy 's heart is set on Mary, Fact5: Mary writes note agreeing to marry Jimmy and sends hired hand to deliver it
Answer: Jimmy Shannon Buster Keaton is the junior partner in the brokerage firm of Meekin and Shannon, which is on the brink of financial ruin. A lawyer whom they dodged, mistakenly believing he was trying to add to their woes finally manages to inform Jimmy of the terms of his grandfathers will. He will inherit seven million dollars if he is married by 7:00 p.m. on his 27th birthday, which happens to be that same day. Shannon immediately seeks out his sweetheart, Mary Jones, who readily accepts his proposal. However, when he clumsily explains why they have to get married that day, she breaks up with him. He returns to the country club to break the news to his partner and the lawyer. Though Jimmys heart is set on Mary, Meekin persuades him to try proposing to other women to save them both from ruin or even possibly jail. He has Jimmy look in the clubs dining room; Jimmy knows seven women there the chances of the title. Each turns him down. In desperation, Jimmy asks any woman he comes across. Even the hat check girl rejects him. He finally finds one who agrees, but it turns out she is underage when her mother spots her and takes her away. Meanwhile, Marys mother persuades her to reconsider. She writes a note agreeing to marry Jimmy and sends the hired hand to deliver it. Unaware of this, Meekin has his partners predicament and potential inheritance printed in the newspaper, asking wouldbe brides to go to the Broad Street Church at 5 p.m. Hordes of veiled women descend on the place. When they spot Jimmy who had fallen asleep on a pew, they begin to fight over him. Then the clergyman appears and announces he believes it all to be a practical joke. Infuriated, the women chase after Jimmy. While hiding, he gets Marys note. He races to Marys house, pursued by furious females. Along the way, he accidentally starts an avalanche, which drives away the mob. When he gets to Marys home, Meekin shows him his watch; he is minutes too late. Mary still wants to marry him, money or no, but he refuses to let her share his impending disgrace. Fortunately, when he leaves, he sees by the church clock that Meekins watch is fast. He and Mary wed just in time.
Question: Fact1: Krishna and entire property to Paanakaalu.The greedy Paanakaalu leaves village with only son money, Fact2: T.B. goes in search of son, Fact3: Paanakaalu make Lakshmi 's marriage with second son Mohan, Fact4: Mohan makes small cheatings with help of friend Platform, Fact5: daily labor of Ranganatham go in search of Paanakaalu by time
Answer: | In a village, there were two friends Paanakaalu S. V. Ranga Rao Ranganatham Chittor V. Nagaiah. Ranganatham suffers from T.B., and before he leaves for medical treatment, he entrusts his only son Krishna and entire property to Paanakaalu.The greedy Paanakaalu leaves the village with the money and buys land in town by telling neighbors that he is going to Rangoon. After that, Ranganatham recovers and back then he knows Paanakaalu has left for Rangoon, so he too goes there in search of his son. In the town Paanakaalu is blessed with a son Mohan. He engages Ranganatham's son Krishna in fields and own son Mohan in education, both of them grow and Panakalu becomes rich. Krishna N. T. Rama Rao is very good natured loves Lakshmi Devika daughter of Paanakaalus distant relative Naganna. Paanakaalu takes money as dowry in advance from Naganna by promising that he will make Lakshmis marriage with his second son Mohan Jaggayya. In the city, Mohan gets spoiled and makes small cheatings with the help of his friend Platform Ramana Reddy. He traps a beautiful girl Nirmala Jayanthi daughter of a Zamindar Rajanala by showcasing himself as a rich man. In the village, Paanakaalu finds out the love affair of Krishna Lakshmi, he accuses Krishna. Also reveals that he is not his own son and sends him away from his house. At the same time, Paanakaalu comes to know that Mohan loved Zamindars daughter of the same village and he is very happy. Now Paanakaalu plays a drama to stop Lakshmis marriage with Mohan, he sends Lakshmi in search of Krishna. Naganna also follows her. All of them reach the city. A tea vendor Kanakam Surabhi Balasaraswathi gives shelter to Lakshmi. On the other side, Ranganatham goes to Rangoon, becomes very rich and comes back. Now he is in search of Paanakaalu. Fortunately, without knowing the truth Krishna joins at Ranganatham as a servant. Simultaneously, Mohan is ready to marry Nirmala and for the marriage expenses, he makes Paanakaalu sell his entire property. During the time of marriage, Nagamma arrives and reveals the truth about Panakalu. Zamindar becomes furious but seeing his daughters face he allows Mohan to stay with them and throws away Paanakaalu where he loses the leg and becomes a beggar. Parallelly, another story runs Platform gets acquaintance with Kanakam, they fell in love and changes his attitude. Platform surprised to see Lakshmi there and he also starts helping her in finding Krishna. Ranganatham Zamindar are familiar with each other, he once visits his house and narrates his story, Mohan listens to everything from behind and makes a plan. Meanwhile, Krishna finds his mother as a daily labor both of them go in search of Paanakaalu by that time Mohan takes him far away from the city and leaves there so that no one can find him. Lakshmi Platform protect him and takes to their house. Now Mohan starts a new story that he is brought up by Paanakaalu and he is the son of Ranganatham. Overexcited Ranganatham brings home Mohan and his wife. Krishna is shocked to see Mohan there he warns Mohan not to cheat such a noble person and leave the home until morning. But crooked Mohan tries to kill Ranganatham at night, Krishna protects him. At the same time, Paanakaalu arrives, reveals that Krishna is his actual son and Mohan also realizes his mistake. Finally, the movie ends on a happy note with the marriage of Krishna Lakshmi. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 9ef53e4c3c69cede30fb97b4700b3eeca45e5987ff1c73a01427dc7b73b10292 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Here are two questions (Question1 and Question2). If these questions have the same meaning and same answer, answer "Yes", otherwise "No".
Question1: I've never played the violin before, and I plan on teaching myself. Any tips on getting started with a new violin?, Question2: Why did Jimmy Page start playing with a violin bow? | No | fc-sni-qqp | 0 | 37aa6004b1e7d6c249ea556403c5649a5f1f50b424ffc034a35018f46ea5733c |
You are shown a conversation between a user and system. Identify who has spoken the indicated sentence based on the conversation.
One example is below.
Q: Sentence1:i need a place to dine in the center thats expensive Sentence2: I have several options for you; do you prefer African, Asian, or British food? Sentence3: Any sort of food would be fine, as long as it is a bit expensive. Could I get the phone number for your recommendation?Question: Who has spoken the sentence 2? (A) User (B) System
A: Answer: (A) User
Rationale: The sentence 1 is said by a user because the intent of it says that the information has to be gathered from the system
Q: Sentence1: You're welcome. Enjoy your stay Sentence2: That sounds good, I need the address, phone number and postcode. Sentence3: So sorry we have no multiple sports in the centre of town. Sentence4: I am looking for a place that has multiple sports in the centre of town. Do you have any suggestions? Sentence5: Yes they do have free parking. Would you like me to book a room for you at the Belfry? Sentence6: Yes, there are a few. I personally like Downing College on Regent Street. It is free. Sentence7: The address is regent street postcode cb21dq and the phone is 01223334860. Sentence8: I would prefer the cheaper one. Can you tell me if they offer free parking? Sentence9: No, thank you. That is everything I needed. Sentence10: Will it just be you staying or do I need to book other guests as well? Sentence11: Yes, I need you to go ahead and book that for me. I would like to stay for two nights starting on Sunday. Sentence12: Actually, just send me the address. Thank you. Sentence13: How about a college in the centre of town? Sentence14: Great, that's helpful, thanks. Can you also help us find a hotel? We'd like to stay on the west side, and we really dislike guesthouses. What can you recommend? Sentence15: I'm not quite sure yet, could I get the address there please? Sentence16: The address is back lane, cambourne. Can I get you anything else? Sentence17: the cambridge belfry is on back lane, cambourne, cb236bw. Their phone number is 01954714600. Can I help you with anything else? Sentence18: We have two hotels on the westside, the cheap Cambridge Belfry and the expensive Huntingdon Marriott. Which would you like? Question: Who has spoken the sentence 2? (A) User (B) System
A: | Answer: (A) User | fc-sni-multi_woz_v22 | 0 | ddf46ba5153d6eab902dbfc752e6eed1d9b036b0bf454a368bebca765c407058 |
You will be given a context and a verb separated with a newline character, and you have to answer if the given verb can be anchored in time or not. We say a verb can be anchored in the real timeline if and only if a verb happened in the past, is happening now, or is guaranteed to happen in the future. The output should be "Yes" if the verb can be anchored in time and "No" otherwise.
About 500 people attended a Sunday night memorial service for the Buffalo-area physician who performed abortions, one year after he was killed by a sniper's bullet. A nurse who was critically (injured) in the 1998 abortion clinic bombing in Birmingham, Ala., was among those who attended the interfaith ceremony at a Presbyterian church for Dr. Barnett Slepian.
Verb: injured
Yes
He has been staying with relatives in Miami who do not want to send him back to Cuba. The U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service had (ruled) that Elian must be returned to his father, Juan Miguel Gonzalez, and set Friday as the deadline for his repatriation to Cuba.
Verb: ruled
Yes
The relatives may be less defiant if they are held in contempt of court. If a court edict fails to compel compliance, the Justice Department will have to consider sterner measures, for the relatives will then be (resisting) the rule of law as defined by both the department and the courts.
Verb: resisting | No | fc-sni-matres | 0 | d94de821f9b74f51ba8a89f1a370a9c3c850c761986ab36e1baa0392ff77037f |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or physical relationships, such as a relationship in economics, scientific law, or nature. You need to come up with a fictional story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. Make sure that your story does not repeat the relation in the given paragraph (e.g., by avoiding verbatim copies of the given paragraph). Start by reading the background paragraph, and determine what relationship(s) are in the paragraph. Write a story that involves the relationship(s) that you determined are in the background paragraph. Try to use your own words as much as possible and not repeat the background paragraph. Feel free to make up places and events as long as they tie back to the background paragraph in a way that you can ask a question about.
Background Paragraph: Many respiratory diseases are caused by pathogens. A pathogen is an organism that causes disease in another organism. Certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi are pathogens of the respiratory system. The common cold and flu are caused by viruses. The influenza virus that causes the flu is pictured below ( Figure below ). Tuberculosis, whooping cough, and acute bronchitis are caused by bacteria. The pathogens that cause colds, flu, and TB can be passed from person to person by coughing, sneezing, and spitting. Illnesses caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics. Those caused by viruses cannot.
Output: | Big city and Large city are situated 50 miles apart, on opposite sides of a mountain range. Both cities have lots of people with respiratory diseases. Big city has more people getting infected by viruses, while Large city has more people infected by bacteria and fungi. | fc-sni-ropes | 0 | 7ad23fa8d47b024db2f0d22e7a406df62bcd88a256a9f8c4c03ac65718c175fe |
instruction:
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the gain. Gain is the value by which to multiply the input. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'.
question:
Problem: if difference between compound interest and simple interest on a sum at 10 % p . a . for 2 years is rs . 150 then sum is
Options: a ) s . 15000 , b ) s . 15100 , c ) s . 15800 , d ) s . 16000 , e ) s . 16200
answer:
a
question:
Problem: uncle bruce is baking chocolate chip cookies . he has 36 ounces of dough ( with no chocolate ) and 12 ounces of chocolate . how many ounces of chocolate are left over if he uses all the dough but only wants the cookies to consist of 20 % chocolate ?
Options: a ) 3 , b ) 6 , c ) 7.2 , d ) 7.8 , e ) 9
answer:
a
question:
Problem: if x is invested in a bank at a rate of simple interest of y % p . a . for two years , then the interest earned is 600 . if x is invested at y % p . a . , for two years when the interest is compounded annually , the interest is 615 . what is the value of x ?
Options: a ) 8000 , b ) 6000 , c ) 5000 , d ) 4000 , e ) 3000
answer: | b | fc-sni-mathqa | 0 | b8ea749f85148e4925465baba8ef71b95672c6410c8544dd102bc6af9ddea10e |
In this task, you are given a multiple-choice question about healthcare. Answer the question based on your information and classify your answers into '1', '2', '3', and '4'.
Question: An unknown enzyme that affects DNA has been isolated from E. coli. When a solution of this enzyme is mixed with supercoiled plasmid DNA, its only effect is to relax DNA. At the end of the exposure to the enzyme solution, the plasmid DNA is covalently closed and is still circular. This enzyme is one:
Options: <1> Restriction endonuclease. <2> Primasa <3> Reverse transcriptase <4> Helicasa <5> Topoisomerase | 5 | fc-sni-head_qa | 0 | e44becc1fa5dbc354dda8ec42d83bdd8954d72f844e2f190d2ce9af7f0cc8f08 |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Influenza infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially during pandemics outbreaks. Emerging data indicate that phase II antioxidant enzyme pathways could play a role in virusassociated inflammation and immune clearance. While Nrf2-dependent gene expression is known to modify inflammation, a mechanistic role in viral susceptibility and clearance has yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we utilized differentiated human nasal epithelial cells (NEC) and an enzymatic virus-like particle entry assay, to examine the role Nrf2-dependent gene expression has on viral entry and replication. Herein, lentiviral vectors that express Nrf2-specific short hairpin (sh)-RNA effectively decreased both Nrf2 mRNA and Nrf2 protein expression in transduced human NEC from healthy volunteers. Nrf2 knockdown correlated with a significant increase in influenza virus entry and replication. Conversely, supplementation with the potent Nrf2 activators sulforaphane (SFN) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) significantly decreased viral entry and replication. The suppressive effects of EGCG on viral replication were abolished in cells with knocked-down Nrf2 expression, suggesting a causal relationship between the EGCG-induced activation of Nrf2 and the ability to protect against viral infection. Interestingly, the induction of Nrf2 via nutritional supplements SFN and EGCG increased antiviral mediators/responses: RIG-I, IFN-, and MxA at baseline in the absence of infection. Our data indicate that there is an inverse relationship between the levels of Nrf2 expression and the viral entry/ replication. We also demonstrate that supplementation with Nrf2-activating antioxidants inhibits viral replication in human NEC, which may prove to be an attractive therapeutic intervention. Taken together, these data indicate potential mechanisms by which Nrf2-dependent gene expression regulates susceptibility to influenza in human epithelial cells.
Nrf2 expression modifies influenza A entry and replication in nasal epithelial cells
Although single cell RNA sequencing studies have begun providing compendia of cell expression profiles, it has proven more difficult to systematically identify and localize all molecular cell types in individual organs to create a full molecular cell atlas. Here we describe droplet-and plate-based single cell RNA sequencing applied to ~75,000 human lung and blood cells, combined with a multi-pronged cell annotation approach, which have allowed us to define the gene expression profiles and anatomical locations of 58 cell populations in the human lung, including 41 of 45 previously known cell types or subtypes and 14 new ones. This comprehensive molecular atlas elucidates the biochemical functions of lung cell types and the cell-selective transcription factors and optimal markers for making and monitoring them; defines the cell targets of circulating hormones and predicts local signaling interactions including sources and targets of chemokines in immune cell trafficking and expression changes on lung homing; and identifies the cell types directly affected by lung disease genes and respiratory viruses. Comparison to mouse identified 17 molecular types that appear to have been gained or lost during lung evolution and others whose expression profiles have been substantially altered, revealing extensive plasticity of cell types and cell-type-specific gene expression during organ evolution including expression switches between cell types. This atlas provides the molecular foundation for investigating how lung cell identities, functions, and interactions are achieved in development and tissue engineering and altered in disease and evolution. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
A molecular cell atlas of the human lung from single cell RNA sequencing
We evaluated the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia and procoagulant changes in relation with clinical variables in a cohort of patients with acute hantavirus disease. Blood samples of 33 prospectively recruited, consecutive, hospitalized patients with acute Puumala virus-induced hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) were collected acutely and at the recovery visit (control). Serum thrombopoietin (TPO) and activity of plasma microparticles (MPs) from various cell sources were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based methods. The results were related to data on platelet indices and functions, coagulation variables, and clinical disease. Serum TPO was nearly 4-fold higher acutely compared with the control (median 207 pg/mL, range 56-1258 pg/mL vs. median 58 pg/mL, range 11-241 pg/mL, P < 0.001) and coincided with high mean platelet volume (MPV) and immature platelet fraction (IPF%). Prothrombin fragments and D-dimer were high acutely compared with the control (F1 + 2 median 704 pmol/L, range 284-1875 pmol/ L vs. median 249 pmol/L, range 118-556 pmol/L, P < 0.001; D-dimer median 2.8 mg/L, range 0.6-34.0 mg/L vs. median 0.4 mg/L, range 0.2-1.1 mg/L, P < 0.001), and associated with low platelet count and severe acute kidney injury (AKI). MPs' procoagulant activity was high acutely only among patients with mild AKI (plasma creatinine below the median at the time of the measurement). Upregulated TPO together with high MPV and IPF% confirm active thrombopoiesis, but do not predict severity of HFRS. Simultaneously, elevated prothrombin fragments and D-dimer suggest increased consumption of platelets in patients with severe AKI. Activity of platelet-derived MPs in HFRS should be studied with flow cytometry in a larger cohort of patients. Abbreviations: AKI = acute kidney injury, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, CRP = C-reactive protein, HCPS = hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, HFRS = hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, IL-6 = interleukin 6, IPF% = immature platelet fraction %, MP = microparticle, MPV = mean platelet volume, PFA-100 = platelet factor analyzer 100, PUUV = Puumala virus, STAT = signal transducers and activators of transcription, TF = tissue factor, TGFb = transforming growth factor b, TPO = thrombopoietin. | Elevated thrombopoietin and platelet indices confirm active thrombopoiesis but fail to predict clinical severity of puumala hantavirus infection | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 6f787246e4365363b6fa688eeef58c1e1c84442aa6cb2509ee29f789324055b1 |
Given a passage as input, answer with the category to which the passage belongs. There are 5 categories - Sports and Fitness, Home and Garden, Hobbies and Crafts, Food and Entertaining, Cars & Other Vehicles. The answer should be one of the categories based on words from the passage which closely belong to the category.
Input: Consider Input: Locate the drain trap.Give the dishwasher a manual scrub.Fill a large dishwasher proof bowl with white vinegar. Wipe down all the surfaces after the wash. Test drive the clean. Repeat this cleaning process regularly in order to prevent soap scum build up.
Output: Home and Garden
Input: Consider Input: Start your Prius car, and begin to drive it. Watch the arrows move, as you read your vehicles Performance Monitor. Drive your car up to approximately 40mph (64km/h). Allow your foot to be removed from the accelerator pedal. Return your foot to the accelerator after a short to moderate distance.Coast in your Prius, until your speed decreases to about 30mph (48km/h).
Output: Cars & Other Vehicles
Input: Consider Input: Drive a stout stake into the ground where the end of each proposed bottom step is to be.Form the sides of the step by setting 10" x 6" boards into the bank so their outer ends are flush with the outer edges of each stake and nail them in place. Nail a 3' x 6" board at the front at right angles to the side boards. Measure upwards by 6" and inwards, towards the bank, by 10" and repeat the process above. Fill the boxes with gravel (coarse below, fine on the surface) and tamp them down hard. | Output: Home and Garden | fc-sni-open_pi | 0 | e6679ca4a144cfd436ec26db3720db64390cc1b10d02d085d39aa8383efe1422 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given Yelp reviews. The task is to classify a review as "POSITIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is positive or as "NEGATIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is negative.
After reading about the lack of a stove makes me not want to give a good review... I do know what another reviewer means when you walk in the door and everyone kind of stares at you and you don't know who to talk to. I have ordered take out from here a couple of times and there is a counter next to the bar with a sign above it that says Take Out. So I walk up there and server after server will walk up to use the computer but no one will say a word to me unless I say something to them. Not good customer service. The food is always good, but like I said at the beginning knowing what they do in the kitchen makes me wonder why they charge so much for the food. | NEGATIVE | fc-sni-yelp_polarity | 0 | d7e421d0cc75d957a82c9b19bb474872bf5abf7e53349cce5b72dcd72024148b |
In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Q: Fact1: wild stallion belonged to Rob and Nell McLaughlin, Fact2: Ken McLaughlin returns home from horse-buying trip with Crown Jewel, Fact3: Rob is skeptical about purchase, Fact4: Crown Jewel is taken to Ohio to compete in Governor 's Cup sweepstakes, Fact5: Ken ride Crown Jewel
A: | Beaver Greenway, a longtime horse owner with a drinking problem, is upset because one of his mares has been lured away by Thunderhead, the wild stallion that previously belonged to Rob and Nell McLaughlin. He goes to Goose Bar Ranch to assist in the hunt for the wild stallion, who is now well known for taking the Albinos place in stealing mares from many different states but the McLaughlins no longer have any control of the horse. Ken McLaughlin returns home to his parents from a horsebuying trip with Crown Jewel, a trotter. Rob is skeptical about the purchase, more so when Crown Jewel develops altitude sickness in the Wyoming hills. Ken goes on a date with Greenways granddaughter Carey. A veterinarian advises Crown Jewel be put down due to its congested lungs, but Beaver Greenway, a former sulky driver, recommends a treatment that works. Thunderhead returns and lifts the mares spirits. Crown Jewel is taken to Ohio to compete in the Governors Cup sweepstakes, where Ken McLaughlin has entered his own horse, Sundance. Ken was going to ride Crown Jewel, but Sundance wins. But all of the McLaughlins are proud of Crown Jewels effort, particularly when they learn she is pregnant. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 645d8b1fd99bd46daa653095a8381260f81de972ffb4c7baeb9b1f042ed18ed1 |
Given a math problem with context and a question and 5 answer choices, the task is to provide the correct answer choice based on the problem. You must choose one of the given answer choices by letter: a, b, c, d, or e; anything else is invalid.
--------
Question: Problem: what is the rate percent when the simple interest on rs. 810 amount to rs. 155 in 4 years ?
Options: a. 4.78, b. 4.68, c. 4.58, d. 4.48, e. 4.38
Answer: a
Question: Problem: in one hour, a boat goes 19 km / hr along the stream and 9 km / hr against the stream. the speed of the boat in still water ( in km / hr ) is :
Options: a. 12 kmph, b. 13 kmph, c. 14 kmph, d. 15 kmph, e. 16 kmph
Answer: c
Question: Problem: a garrison of 400 men had a provision for 31 days. after 26 days 275 persons re - enforcement leave the garrison. find the number of days for which the remaining ration will be sufficient ?
Options: a. 16 days, b. 45 days, c. 10 days, d. 17 days, e. 18 days
Answer: | a | fc-sni-math_qa | 0 | b1c3554bcacee2e8643d9a9ede4975b098f1587ee1e026e6f7a407cd68ba28ba |
In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input.
when he learned to speak russian , he studied computer translation of human languages at moscow state university in the soviet union in the school of kolmogorov. | when he learned to speak russian , he studied computer translation of languages at moscow state university. | fc-sni-turk | 0 | ea8d96b4c95d30f106e082dfeaca1c12582a51cdf40acebf0c10ee49635bf2df |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Example input: Passage: Nearing London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, a pickpocket more commonly known by the nickname the "Artful Dodger", and his sidekick, a boy of a humorous nature named Charley Bates, but Oliver's innocent and trusting nature fails to see any dishonesty in their actions. The Dodger provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will "give him lodgings for nothing, and never ask for change". Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Oliver follows the Dodger to the "old gentleman's" residence. In this way Oliver unwittingly falls in with an infamous Jewish criminal known as Fagin, the gentleman of whom the Artful Dodger spoke. Ensnared, Oliver lives with Fagin and his gang of juvenile pickpockets in their lair at Saffron Hill for some time, unaware of their criminal occupations. He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs.
Example output: Who believes Fagin's gang make wallets and handkerchiefs?.
Example explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage "He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs". It evaluates the understanding that the pronoun "he" refers to name "Oliver". You can ask questions like this one about most pronouns in a paragraph.
Q: Passage: Francis Bigger is a charlatan faith healer, convinced that "mind over matter" is more effective than medical treatment. During a lecture, he stumbles offstage and is admitted to the local hospital. In hospital, he incessantly groans and whines about being "maltreated", demanding better treatment than the other, eccentric patients. These include: bedridden layabout Charlie Roper who shams illnesses to stay in hospital; Ken Biddle who makes frequent trips to the ladies' ward to flirt with his love interest, Mavis Winkle; and Mr Barron who seems to be suffering sympathy pains while his wife awaits the birth of their baby. While being treated, Bigger meets two very different doctors. Clumsy yet charming Dr Kilmore is popular with the patients and loved from afar by the beautiful Nurse Clark while hospital registrar Dr Tinkle is universally detested, as is his battleaxe Matron, who harbours an unrequited love for him.
After Bigger's arrival, novice nurse Sandra May, arrives at the hospital with her intention to declare her (questionable) love for Tinkle, and enters his room, violating hospital rules that female staff are not permitted in the male quarters. Matron and Kilmore burst in on her declarations of love, which are cruelly rebuffed by Tinkle. Matron throws Nurse May out, and she leaves while tearfully announcing she'd rather die than live without Tinkle. Dr Tinkle fears for his position after this incident, and contrives with Matron to get rid of Kilmore and Sandra May, lest they reveal the truth.
A: | Which doctor wants to get rid of Dr. Kilmore? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | 7b55b10f41bcbebb595ad474adb14eed036fc78a5bed50bce4f39e1fc0fd72a9 |
In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input.
Q: when no one showed any interest , cave took on the task by himself.
A: when no one showed any interest , cave took on the task alone.
****
Q: while it is a self-contained story , the book continues and develops many of the themes touched on in the first book.
A: while it is a complete story , the book continues and develops many of the themes introduced in the first book.
****
Q: she portrayed the character alexx woods , a medical examiner in the forensics-related drama csi : miami.
A: | she played the character alexx woods , a medical examiner in the crime-related drama csi : miami.
**** | fc-sni-turk | 0 | 3d268cd33afaa0be24f7260c538996694c09ea9f312a75b66c47d77103a0de0d |
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
[Q]: We evaluate our approach for six target languages: French (fr), Russian (ru), Arabic (ar), Chinese (zh), Hindi (hi), and Vietnamese (vi).
Question: What languages are the model transferred to?
[A]: French (fr), Russian (ru), Arabic (ar), Chinese (zh), Hindi (hi), and Vietnamese (vi)
[Q]: However, as shown in Figure 1 , to assess the similarity between two research papers, a more effective strategy would compare and align (via local-weighting) individual important words (keywords) within a pair of abstracts, while information from other words (e.g., stop words) that tend to be less relevant can be effectively ignored (down-weighted). We propose to learn a semantic-aware Network Embedding (NE) that incorporates word-level alignment features abstracted from text sequences associated with vertex pairs. Given a pair of sentences, our model first aligns each word within one sentence with keywords from the other sentence (adaptively up-weighted via an attention mechanism), producing a set of fine-grained matching vectors
Question: What text sequences are associated with each vertex?
[A]: abstracts sentences
[Q]: n this section, we first describe the phenomenon of mention of political parties names in the profile attributes of users. This is followed by the analysis of profiles that make specific mentions of political handles in their profile attributes. Both of these constitute an organic way of showing support to a party and does not involve any direct campaigning by the parties We opine that the whole campaign of adding Chowkidar to the profile attributes show an inorganic behavior, with political leaders acting as the catalyst. We believe, the effect of changing the profile attribute in accordance with Prime Minister's campaign is an example of inorganic behavior contagion BIBREF6, BIBREF9. However, we argue that the addition of election campaign related keywords to the profile is a form of inorganic behavior.
Question: What are the organic and inorganic ways to show political affiliation through profile changes?
[A]: | Organic: mention of political parties names in the profile attributes, specific mentions of political handles in the profile attributes.
Inorganic: adding Chowkidar to the profile attributes, the effect of changing the profile attribute in accordance with Prime Minister's campaign, the addition of election campaign related keywords to the profile. | fc-sni-qasper | 0 | 4eb37cc6c2d0aab441f5a89b5b23acc544c1d4b1e04d99cc5c86c09aedbe0b29 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Q: Text: disclaimer: this happened several months ago, but i just was reminded about the event.
so i was at the zoo with my grandmother and my brother (9). i am much older than my brother but we still like to play pranks on one another. i was walking through the zoo and i saw my brother in the distance, at the savannah exhibit. i creep up on my brother, and taze him (when you spearhand someone underneath their ribcage). this would not be a problem if it was my brother, as this is how we scare each other. but, naturally, it was not my brother. i immediately go "oh shit!" and run away.
A: TIFU by scaring a random child at the zoo
****
Q: Text: throwaway because yeah.. happened about week ago.
so long story short. decided to get a fap, wanted some lotion for pleasure but picked up wrong one. you know those ice power cold gels... worst couple hours of my life.
pro tip: always check the bottle
A: TIFU by using wrong lotion..
****
Q: Text: earlier this morning i decided i was going to masturbate, nothing out the ordinary as i usually masturbate regularly like any other man.
my usual choice of porn site is xvideos of course(i don't know what you guys use but i love it), but i told myself, you know what, lets try something different. so off to pornhub i went, not knowing the anger, anxiety and pure destruction of my mental state of mind that was waiting in the wake of pages i was on my way to visit.
i chose categories, went to hentai, because, fuck it i guess. might aswell watch some giant penis destroy tiny cartoon girls for a few minutes this time.
i chose a video that read, "triangle blue".
minutes into the video, here i am, dick in hand, door locked and ready to stroke my dick and go back to sleep.
and this fucking video turned to something that satan himself wrote and had m.night shamallama had directed.
it began as a regular same ol' hentai video about a guy and his virgin girlfriend, who let the girls childhood friend stay with them because he was in trouble.
the guy rapes her.
okay, fine. that's hentai for you, it was just another regular porn video. until, it got deeper. way deeper than the fucker who wrote this autistic piece of shit should have took it! she fucks the friend multiple times a day while her boyfriend is a work all day and night. she takes loads to the face, the gets into bed with her boyfriend. the boyfriend comes home while they're fucking, and they hide under the bed. he sits on the bed and spanks it to her clothes she left on the bed, then continues to fuck the dude under the bed, while the boyfriend is still above them!! i mean, holy fuck! who writes this shit?
but it gets better.
i suffer from, depression and anxiety and take my medication regularly. why did i watch this shit? not only did this hentai piss me off because of what it was, it hit home because i just got out of a relationship with a cheating ass woman who fucked some dude in my bed. i lost all control of my feelings as i reluctantly continued watching, hoping that this story would resolve into a happy ending. no, fuck that. no resolve. no happy ending. the boyfriend and the girls sister get the guy out the house, and he still does not fuck the girlfriend. he continues going to work day and night for him and his so. while she is at home, fucking students she tutors! i mean, what the fuck? who can get off to shit like that? shit that countless people, sadly, have in common. it was sad! it was annoying, and it pissed me off. so much so that [i texted my ex and told her how i felt at that moment.](http://i.imgur.com/23shei0.png)
i took my pristiq, went to sleep, and woke up even more pissed! now all i want to do is find that loser that ruined a 3 year relationship and fuck him up!
damn i fucked up on that one.
A: | TIFU by watching Hentai
**** | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | d385ec22e1385c64144eaa0aa222d68dd4105a1b6fb9394f7c747aeae2e49aca |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Problem:Kristen, Joey and Kincaid have been released from the Westin Hills Asylum and are now living normal lives and attending high school. Kristen has managed to make some new friends: Alice, a young, bright girl who is a frequent daydreamer; Sheila, a brainy, quiet black girl with asthma; and Debbie, a tall, tough girl who hates bugs. She has also found herself a boyfriend, Rick, a martial arts enthusiast who is also Alice's brother.Kristen begins to have bad dreams and feels as though Freddy has once again come back from the dead. During one of her nightmares, she pulls Kincaid and Joey into her dream as she explores the deserted Elm Street house. In school the next day, Kincaid and Joey confront Kristen about pulling them into the dream.Kincaid wakes up one night and finds himself locked in the trunk of an old junked car. When he opens the hood, he realizes that he is in the same salvage yard that Freddy's body was buried in. Kincaid spies his dog, Jason, digging and urinating in the ground nearby. Freddy then resurrects from the ground after which a pile of junked cars crash down on him. Freddy quickly recoups and kills Kincaid. Later that night Joey is also killed by Freddy.The following day at school, Kristen is concerned when her friends fail to show up for class. She confides to Alice about nightmares. Kristen hits her head and passes out when she discovers both her friends missing, being attacked by Freddy but revived in time. After she learns of the deaths of Kincaid and Joey, Kristen goes to the actual Elm Street house, with Rick, Dan, and Alice. Rick tells Dan the story of Freddy, and Alice reveals a part of the dream master spell. Alice suggests to Kristen that she is in control of her own dreams. However, Alice also looks down at the ground and sees something, a chalk drawing of the house, that only Kristen has been able to see. Clearly, she senses something. At home that night, her mother gives her a sedative to help her sleep. When Kristen falls asleep this time, on Alice's advice, she tries to convert nightmares into pleasant dreams, to no avail. While she meets a child named Alice in her dream, creating a sand castle, even in her good dreams, Freddy appears and ruins everything. Kristen eventually finds herself in Freddy's boiler room. It is explained that Kristen is the last child from Elm Street, and Freddy needs her help to get more children. When Freddy is about to kill her, she screams for Alice. Alice appears suddenly in the boiler room just as Krueger kills Kristen by throwing her into fire. Before Kristen dies, she sends her power, the power to pull people into her dreams, to Alice. Before the power can reach her, it passes through Freddy first.Alice awakens immediately, realizing that Kristen's in danger. She turns out to be right, as Kristen's room is on fire. As Alice tries to understand what has happened, and who exactly Freddy is, her friends begin to die. First, Sheila and Rick are killed. While taking a test, Alice accidentally pulls Sheila into a dream where Freddy is waiting; the same thing happens to Rick later. Yet, after every death, including Kristen's, Alice picks up new talents and abilities. She also picks up the dream powers of the children who have died. She is obviously Freddy's supernatural opposite, albeit too weak to truly conquer or even resist him yet. After his death, Alice teams up with Dan Jordan, who was one of Rick's closest friends. Together with Dan, Alice tries to get to Debbie, their last surviving friend, before Freddy finds her. Unbeknown to the two teens, Freddy is able to control their movements. Trapping Alice and Dan in a time loop, Freddy is able to reach Debbie and kill her (by transforming her into a cockroach and trapping her inside a roach motel and then crushing her) before Alice and Dan intervene.Following a car accident, where Dan is injured and rushed to the hospital, Alice returns home to prepare for one final battle with Freddy. Alice goes to sleep to help Dan before Freddy can kill him. As Alice and Dan search for Freddy, Dan is injured. Alice wills him awake right at the moment the doctors wake Dan and he is pulled from the dreamworld. Alice, facing Freddy alone, attempts to use all of her newly absorbed abilities against him. The fight is relatively equal, except that she has a mortal body and he has not, giving him the advantage of immortality. It's an advantage that proves nearly too great to overcome. He declares that he's been guarding his gate for too long to be taken down by her. But just as he is preparing to kill her, she recalls the final verse of the dream master spell. For the first and only time, someone defeats Freddy, by using the power of the spell to make him see the evil that is inside. Using her power as guardian of the gate of good dreams (which Kristen never was, nor was Nancy,) Alice releases the tortured souls that Freddy imprisoned into the gates of good dreams where he can no longer harm them. Krueger's clothes fall lifelessly to the floor. The film ends with Dan and Alice at a fountain some time later. She tosses a coin in and makes a wish. As she and Dan depart, she decides to keep the wish to herself as Freddy's image appears in the ripples left in the fountain from the tossed coin.
Solution: | Question: How does Freddy kill Kristen?, Answer: Throws her into fire | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 033834ca0e93235f783ca256ef0ae7c6623e9963c418f6a26862f571bbaddf93 |
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Ex Input:
1921: England. Florence Cathcart (Rebecca Hall) is a published author on supernatural hoaxes who works with the police to expose charlatans and debunk supernatural phenomena, having begun her foray into her profession upon the death of her lover in World War I. Upon a visit from Robert Mallory (Dominic West), a teacher from a boarding school with the request to investigate the recent death of a student, Walter Portman, and to determine if and how it is related to sightings of a ghost of a child, she travels to the school hoping to explain the sightings and the death. The ghostly sightings are at first thought to be a prank played by one of the boys at the school. Florence deduces that one of the teachers was the last to see the boy alive and questions him until he admits to putting the young boy outside to "man up", thus scaring the young boy and causing him to have an asthma attack. The school is closed for half-term with the only occupants being Robert, Maud (Imelda Staunton) the housekeeper and Tom, a lonely child, who tells Florence his parents live in India which takes too long for him to travel to.As Florence leaves, an unexplained hand reaches for Florence from a pond after which she faints and falls into the pond. Florence is rescued by Robert. Afterwards of the characters clearly treat the incident as a suicide attempt. which may or may not be a suicide attempt but Florence recovers and hears another unexplained noise, and becomes determined to put to rest supernatural apprehensions. Florence and Robert start developing a mutual attraction. More unexplainable supernatural events start to manifest and subsequently the story is unwound through revelations. Edward Judd (Joseph Mawle), the grounds keeper, earlier known to have a grudge against Robert, is jealous and attempts to rape Florence in the woods. Florence, assisted by the supernatural accidentally kills him by the butt of his own gun.Robert is revealed to be able to see and communicate with some of his own ghosts, which form an unexplored tangent to this story. Tom is revealed to now be a ghost and was Florence's half brother and Maud's son. Florence and Tom grew up in the house that is now a boarding school. While Florence and Tom were young, their father became mad and killed Florence's mother, Tom and himself while also trying to kill Florence. Florence had blocked these memories of her childhood. Maud, who also sees Tom, explains that Tom is lonely and that he needs his family; Maud poisons herself and Florence, intending for their ghosts to join Tom. Florence, however, tells Tom that she will not be happy if she dies now and that she will always be with Tom. Tom then helps Florence by bringing her medicine to throw up the poison.As is common in many ghost stories, it is not clear if Florence is a ghost for the epilogue. Some viewers believe the curative is to no avail, and Florence dies. The film can be interpreted that the only adult that can see Florence is Mallory as it has been established earlier that Mallory is also haunted; the headmaster speaks of her as if she is not there. Only the children can see ghosts, and only the children can see Florence when she leaves the schoolhouse a lonely child (of the kind who could see Tom) acknowledges her. Maud and Tom are gone, and she says though she can't see them, they are not forgotten, raising the possibility they are now at peace.The more straightforward interpretation is that the antidote was successful: the headmaster ignores Florence because of the negative publicity for the school (and he mentions only one death); Florence and Mallory share a cigarette at the film's conclusion; she is leaving by car (Mauds aim was to keep her at the house); and she talks of writing another book.
Ex Output:
Question: who was the grounds keeper?, Answer: Edward Judd
Ex Input:
Michael Moore begins the movie begins by suggesting that friends and political allies of George W. Bush at Fox News Channel tilted the presidential election of 2000 by prematurely declaring George W. Bush the winner. It then suggests the handling of the voting controversy in Florida constituted election fraud.The film then segues into the September 11, 2001 attacks, with the screen going black and the film relying solely on sounds to illustrate the chaos on that day. When the film resumes, it continues with scenes of the bystanders, survivors, and falling debris of the World Trade Center. Moore notes that President Bush was informed of the first plane hitting the World Trade Center on his way to an elementary school. Bush is then shown sitting in a Florida classroom with kids. When told that a second plane has hit the World Trade Center and that the nation is "under attack" Bush seems wary but calmly continues reading 'The Pet Goat' to the kids, and Moore notes that he continued reading for nearly seven minutes before leaving the school.The film then discusses the causes and aftermath of the September 11 attacks, including the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Moore then discusses the complex relationships between the U.S. government, the Bush family, the bin Laden family, the Saudi Arabian government, and the Taliban, which span over three decades. Moore alleges that the United States Government evacuated 24 members of the bin Laden family on a secret flight shortly after the attacks, without subjecting them to any form of investigation by the FBI or other security agencies. At the time, all other domestic and international civilian air traffic within the United States was grounded.Moore moves on to examine George W. Bush's Air National Guard service record. Moore contends that Bush's dry-hole oil well attempts were partially funded by the Saudis and by the bin Laden family through the intermediary of James R. Bath. Moore alleges that these conflicts of interest suggest that the Bush administration is not working for the best interests of Americans. The movie continues by suggesting ulterior motives for the War in Afghanistan, including a natural gas pipeline that could be laid through Afghanistan to the Indian Ocean.Moore alleges that the Bush administration induced a climate of fear among the American population through the mass media after the 9/11 attacks to gain widespread support for his administration and the war in Afghanistan. Moore then describes purported anti-terror efforts, including government infiltration of pacifist groups and other events, and the passage of the USA PATRIOT Act, which vastly expands government powers. After finding out that members of Congress do not read most of the bills that they vote on, including the USA PATRIOT Act, Moore drives through Washington D.C. in an ice cream truck using the external speaker to read the PATRIOT Act to them.The documentary then turns to the subject of the Iraq War, comparing the lives of the Iraqis before and after the invasion. The citizens of Iraq are shown to be living relatively happy lives prior to the country's invasion by the U.S. military in 2003. The film also takes pains to demonstrate war cheerleading in the U.S. media and general bias of journalists, with quotes from news organizations and embedded journalists. The film then shows Bush's moment of "Mission Accomplished" on board the USS Abraham Lincoln. The film alternates between media reports of increased casualties in Iraq and Bush's comment to "Bring 'em on", referring to the Iraqi insurgency.The film then shifts its focus to Moore's hometown, Flint, Michigan. The economically hard-hit town's low-income neighborhoods were the prime target of military recruiters. A recruiter named Sgt. Raymond Plouhar is introduced (he was later killed in Iraq), as he and another marine recruiter talk to potential recruits in the parking lot of a mall. The film introduces Lila Lipscomb, a woman presented as the proud mother of a U.S. serviceman. She expresses her strong sense of patriotism and support for the men and women in uniform.Moore suggests that, because the war was based on a lie, atrocities will occur, and shows footage depicting U.S. abuse of prisoners.Later in the film, Lipscomb reappears with her family after hearing of the death of her son, Sgt. Michael Pederson, who was killed on April 2, 2003, in the Iraqi city of Karbala. Anguished and tearful, she begins to question the purpose of the war and reads a letter from her son that show his own despondency and disenchantment with the war. Because Moore was tired of seeing people like Lila Lipscomb suffer, and after discovering that only one member of Congress has a child serving in Iraq, he distributes armed services enrollment information to various members of Congress and suggests that they enlist their children.Tying together several themes and points, Moore compliments those serving in the U.S. military. He claims that the lower class of America are always the first to join the army and defend the nation, so that the people better off do not have to. He states that those valuable troops should not be sent to risk their lives unless it is absolutely necessary. The film ends with a clip of George W. Bush stumbling through his infamous "Fool me once" quote. The credits roll while Neil Young's "Rockin' in the Free World" plays.Moore dedicated the film to his friend who was killed in the World Trade Center attacks and to those servicemen and women from Flint, Michigan that have been killed in Iraq. The film is also dedicated to "countless thousands" of civilian victims of war as a result of United States military activities in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Ex Output:
Question: What is the relationship between the film maker and the person killed in the 9/11 attacks?, Answer: <No Answer>
Ex Input:
Further information: Plot of the novelHarry Potter, now aged 13, has been spending another dissatisfying summer at Privet Drive. When Uncle Vernon's sister, Marge, insults Harry's parents, he becomes angry and accidentally causes her to inflate and float away. Harry flees with his luggage, fed up with his life with the Dursleys. The Knight Bus delivers Harry to the Leaky Cauldron, where he is forgiven by Minister of Magic Cornelius Fudge for using magic outside of Hogwarts. After reuniting with his best friends Ron and Hermione, Harry learns that Sirius Black, a convicted supporter of the dark wizard Voldemort, who murdered Harry's parents, has escaped Azkaban prison, intending to kill Harry.The trio are returning to Hogwarts for the school year on the Hogwarts Express when dementors suddenly board the train, searching for Sirius. One enters the trio's compartment, causing Harry to pass out. New Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher Professor Lupin repels the dementor with a Patronus Charm. At Hogwarts, headmaster Albus Dumbledore announces that dementors will be guarding the school while Sirius is at large. Hogwarts groundskeeper Hagrid is announced as the new Care of Magical Creatures teacher; his first class goes awry when Draco Malfoy deliberately provokes a hippogriff, Buckbeak, who attacks him. Draco's father Lucius Malfoy later has Buckbeak sentenced to death.The Fat Lady's portrait, which guards the Gryffindor quarters, is found ruined and empty. Terrified and hiding in another painting, the Fat Lady tells Dumbledore that Sirius Black has entered the castle. During a stormy Quidditch match, dementors attack Harry, causing him to fall off his broomstick, which is then destroyed by the Whomping Willow. Lupin privately teaches Harry to defend himself against dementors, using the Patronus Charm. At Hogsmeade, Harry is shocked to learn that not only had Sirius Black been his parents' best friend and betrayed them to Voldemort, but that Sirius is also his godfather.After Harry, Ron and Hermione witness Buckbeak's execution, Ron's pet rat Scabbers bites him and escapes. When Ron gives chase, a large dog appears and drags both Ron and Scabbers into a hole at the Whomping Willow's base, which is actually an underground passage to the Shrieking Shack. The trio discovers that the dog is actually Sirius, who is an Animagus. Lupin arrives and embraces Sirius as an old friend. He admits to being a werewolf, and explains that Sirius is innocent. Sirius was falsely accused of betraying James and Lily to Voldemort, and murdering their mutual friend Peter Pettigrew. It is revealed that Scabbers is actually Pettigrew, an Animagus who committed the crime for which Sirius was convicted. After forcing him back into a human, Lupin and Sirius prepare to kill him, but Harry convinces them to turn Pettigrew over to the dementors.As the group departs, the full moon rises; Lupin transforms into a werewolf, and Sirius transforms into his dog form to fight him off. In the chaos, Pettigrew escapes in his rat form. Sirius and Harry are attacked by dementors and Harry sees a figure in the distance save them by casting a powerful Patronus spell. He believes the mysterious figure is his dead father, and passes out. He awakens to discover that Sirius has been captured and sentenced to the Dementor's Kiss. Acting on Dumbledore's advice, Harry and Hermione travel back in time with Hermione's Time Turner, and watch themselves and Ron repeat the night's events. They save Buckbeak from execution and witness the Dementors overpower Sirius and Harry. The present Harry realises that it was actually him who conjured the Patronus, and does so again. Harry and Hermione then rescue Sirius, who escapes on Buckbeak. Lupin resigns to preempt an uproar from parents over a werewolf teaching their children. Sirius sends Harry a Firebolt broom, the fastest broom in the world, and Harry happily takes it for a ride.
Ex Output: | Question: WHERE DOES THE UNDERGROUND PASSAGE LEAD?, Answer: SHRIEKING SHACK | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 43547bb690b2098587158070f19210632f95bf26506f7a3c45b086eb982dcf15 |
In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given two options and you need to select the one that best connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by 'Option 1' if the first option is correct, otherwise 'Option 2'. The incorrect option will change the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences is no longer consistent with the story.
Q: Sentence 1: Neal needed to find his old school ring.
Sentence 3: He just couldn't understand where he'd last had it
Sentence 4: Then he remembered he'd taken it into town for re-sizing
Sentence 5: He called the store he'd taken it to and, by golly, they had the ring
Option 1: He found it in this bedroom.
Option 2: He looked for it in every room in the house.
A: | Option 2 | fc-sni-timetravel | 0 | aff61efe7ac33bc05a3ecf4fcbf3a79d1403131ff77d1c4e96ccad63dd48941c |
Q: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
Sejanus His Fall is one of two surviving tragedies by this author. John Littlewit and his wife Win-the-Fight Littlewit attend the title event of one of this author's plays. In another play, Mosca is the servant of the deceitful title character. The line ""Drink to me only with thine eyes"" is found in his poem ""To Celia. "" This author of Bartholomew Fair wrote a play in which Face and Subtle con people out of their money. For 10 points, name this British author of the plays Volpone and The Alchemist.
A: | Literature | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | d502d60a20d0b3dd485c222df8e1d96823c40411ce5ae806f972ff72bc60929f |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Cleon Smith, 42, is also charged with wounding, making threats to kill, criminal damage, dangerous driving and possession of an offensive weapon. The defendant, of no fixed address, was arrested on Friday over the attack in Church Vale, in the Handsworth area of Birmingham, on 30 December. He is due to appear before Birmingham Magistrates' Court later. A 35-year-old woman arrested for perverting the course of justice has been released under investigation. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, and sign up for local news updates direct to your phone. | Handsworth cleaver attack: Man charged with attempted murder | fc-sni-xlsum | 0 | 7081832e7a286d10140598a52ce9a438d0e633c20cb30afc07b112277925bdb8 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Text: title speaks for itself really...
i just wasted $1500 of my parents' money.
i feel terrible.
edit: i guess it wasn't that i took the wrong class, but the class i was taking wouldn't transfer credits over to my university. so really it was my negligence to do more research in the matter. gg
Solution: TIFU by taking the wrong class for 2 weeks and only realizing it today
Why? This title is appropriate for the given text post because the focus of this post is about a humorous situation caused by "taking the wrong class".
New input: Text: just now, i was walking back to my dorm after having dinner with my brother (who is also one of my 3 roommates) when i suddenly got the urge to fap. as i share a bedroom with my brother, i needed to tell him that i wanted it to myself so that i could rub myself in peace, but since there were a lot of people on the footpath that we were on, i did not want to voice my request out loud. i then had the bright idea of texting my brother that i wanted the room, so i whipped out my phone and sent him "can i touch myself bae? ;-)". it was only after i sent the message, however, that i noticed that i was in a group chat with one of my other roommates. oops. i apologized to the second roommate (and he sent me back an "lol"), but my brother is kinda pissed/embarrassed over this and has not given me the room.
Solution: | TIFU by not noticing that I was in a group text | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | c71d07eddd95521486844ca8a61948f5268e7bbc80296dfb445bb973d5523dc3 |
Q: Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Totally hated this book. Now, don't get me wrong, I love LJS and most of her books. Actually, all of her books except this one. Totally borring and predictable.
A: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | df5a9246350d5ee1706b7e2a534a950a1c5befd14fe8092dbd81ec55dff1a2b0 |
You will be given a context, a subject and a relation. Your task is to generate a question based on the subject and relation. The generated question should include the given subject. Try to use a minimum number of words that are not present in either context, subject or relation while generating question.
Context : Victor Nechayev (born January 28, 1955) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played for the Los Angeles Kings in the National Hockey League.
Subject : Victor Nechayev
Relation : drafted by
What team does Victor Nechayev belong to?
Context : Atossa (Ancient Greek: , from Old Persian *Utaua, in Avestan: Hutaosa) was an Achaemenid queen and daughter of Cyrus the Great and Cassandane.
Subject : Atossa
Relation : spouse
What is Atossa's spouse's name?
Context : She was next seen in Yogi, opposite director-turned-actor Ameer Sultan, Madhumitha's role was unanimously praised with a reviewer from Rediff.com citing that ''Madhumitha, taking on a role even experienced actresses might balk at and coming out trumps'' Her performance as a young mother living in the Chennai slums, was critically praised, winning her a nomination for the Best Supporting Actress Award at the 3rd Vijay Awards.
Subject : Madhumitha
Relation : sex or gender | What was the gender of Madhumitha? | fc-sni-question_&_answer_zre | 0 | 3690329b2fe0aaf183ab6753442b21f8b1eedf2657e8a772d11b282ad1cde54a |
You will be given a context, a subject and a relation. Your task is to generate a question based on the subject and relation. The generated question should include the given subject. Try to use a minimum number of words that are not present in either context, subject or relation while generating question.
Context : Lloyd Andrews Hamilton was born in Troy, New York, the only child of Methodist minister Reverend John A. Hamilton and his wife Jennie Andrews Hamilton.
Subject : Lloyd Andrews Hamilton
Relation : conflict | In which conflict did Lloyd Andrews Hamilton participate? | fc-sni-question_&_answer_zre | 0 | 5f657d50366089b4501c39372f8611ae08857aa1831170da18bbcb19f4b575a3 |
The input contains a debate topic, an argument on the topic and a keypoint, separated by "<sep>". Your task is to answer if the keypoint matches the argument and summarizes exactly what the argument means, in the context of the given topic.
Ex Input:
Topic: We should subsidize space exploration<sep>Argument: Space exploration is a waste of money and it would be better spent elsewhere<sep>Keypoint: Space exploration is ineffective
Ex Output:
False
Ex Input:
Topic: We should adopt libertarianism<sep>Argument: The governmental protection that we take for granted would not exist with libertarianism<sep>Keypoint: The government is essential to protect the rights of citizens
Ex Output:
True
Ex Input:
Topic: We should prohibit women in combat<sep>Argument: Women should not be banned from combat as they are now an intergral part of the military and have proved to be as proficient as men in the roles they have filled.<sep>Keypoint: Women can overcome differences and be just as capable in combat
Ex Output: | True | fc-sni-argkp | 0 | f114a32534d6e24dc56c96a86d90c9f67e0859cc41726759dab5cb7650a75ce3 |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Example: Passage: Nearing London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, a pickpocket more commonly known by the nickname the "Artful Dodger", and his sidekick, a boy of a humorous nature named Charley Bates, but Oliver's innocent and trusting nature fails to see any dishonesty in their actions. The Dodger provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will "give him lodgings for nothing, and never ask for change". Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Oliver follows the Dodger to the "old gentleman's" residence. In this way Oliver unwittingly falls in with an infamous Jewish criminal known as Fagin, the gentleman of whom the Artful Dodger spoke. Ensnared, Oliver lives with Fagin and his gang of juvenile pickpockets in their lair at Saffron Hill for some time, unaware of their criminal occupations. He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs.
Example solution: Who believes Fagin's gang make wallets and handkerchiefs?.
Example explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage "He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs". It evaluates the understanding that the pronoun "he" refers to name "Oliver". You can ask questions like this one about most pronouns in a paragraph.
Problem: Passage: Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson are called to Whitechapel after learning about a series of strange murders only two years after the Jack the Ripper murders in the same neighborhood. The local belief is that the killings are the work of a vampire brought back from a recent mission in Guyana. As they investigate the deaths, they engage in an ongoing debate about the supernatural, with Watson believing in the possibility of vampires and Holmes remaining skeptical until he is able to prove the murders are the works of a living human, rather than any undead creature. At one point, the investigation leads them to the psychic Madame Karasky, who says that Holmes will be saved by the church. Shortly thereafter, Holmes is pushed in front of a moving carriage by the supposed vampire, only to be saved by a pedestrian. In order to catch the murderer, Holmes disguises himself as a monk and reveals that the vampire was Brother Abel, who hoped to get revenge on the monks who didn't listen to him when he believed that the bats were causing rabies in the South American mission, when he was infected. The film ends at Baker Street, when Mrs. Hudson gives Holmes his pipe, delivered by the same man that saved Holmes from being run over. When Holmes asks his name, Mrs. Hudson says his name was Reginald Church. | Solution: Where is the vampire committing murders? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | f6241c847ee02e63236a81669bd90c68836d9272005155b31461deeb91aad7a3 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or physical relationships, such as a relationship in economics, scientific law, or nature. You need to come up with a fictional story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. Make sure that your story does not repeat the relation in the given paragraph (e.g., by avoiding verbatim copies of the given paragraph). Start by reading the background paragraph, and determine what relationship(s) are in the paragraph. Write a story that involves the relationship(s) that you determined are in the background paragraph. Try to use your own words as much as possible and not repeat the background paragraph. Feel free to make up places and events as long as they tie back to the background paragraph in a way that you can ask a question about.
Background Paragraph: Habitat destruction has played a key role in extinctions, especially in relation to tropical forest destruction. Factors contributing to habitat loss include: overconsumption, overpopulation, land use change, deforestation, pollution (air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination) and global warming or climate change.Habitat size and numbers of species are systematically related. Physically larger species and those living at lower latitudes or in forests or oceans are more sensitive to reduction in habitat area. Conversion to "trivial" standardized ecosystems (e.g., monoculture following deforestation) effectively destroys habitat for the more diverse species that preceded the conversion. Even the simplest forms of agriculture affect diversity through clearing/draining land, discouraging weeds and "pests", and encouraging just a limited set of domesticated plant and animal species. In some countries lack of property rights or lax law/regulatory enforcement necessarily leads to biodiversity loss (degradation costs having to be supported by the community).A 2007 study conducted by the National Science Foundation found that biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependentthat diversity among species requires diversity within a species and vice versa. "If any one type is removed from the system, the cycle can break down and the community becomes dominated by a single species.".
Output: | In recent years Indonesia has seen widespread habitat destruction. At the eastern part of Indonesian islands lies the country of Papua New Guinea. Fortunately, Papua New Guinea has avoided mass destruction of habitat. | fc-sni-ropes | 0 | 482c29092f336d666d8265be48e19c0f9d75c1a2c06e9be6c86bcc9e612efde6 |
In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Q: Pointwise localization allows more precise localization and accurate interpretability, compared to bounding box, in applications where objects are highly unstructured such as in medical domain. In this work, we focus on weakly supervised localization (WSL) where a model is trained to classify an image and localize regions of interest at pixel-level using only global image annotation. Typical convolutional attentions maps are prune to high false positive regions. To alleviate this issue, we propose a new deep learning method for WSL, composed of a localizer and a classifier, where the localizer is constrained to determine relevant and irrelevant regions using conditional entropy (CE) with the aim to reduce false positive regions. Experimental results on a public medical dataset and two natural datasets, using Dice index, show that, compared to state of the art WSL methods, our proposal can provide significant improvements in terms of image-level classification and pixel-level localization (low false positive) with robustness to overfitting. A public reproducible PyTorch implementation is provided.
A: | A deep learning method for weakly-supervised pointwise localization that learns using image-level label only. It relies on conditional entropy to localize relevant and irrelevant regions aiming to minimize false positive regions. | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | 404345881da024f10c1bc145cd3566f100271439fab9dabb2142be846091fb71 |
Instructions: Given a passage as input, answer with the category to which the passage belongs. There are 5 categories - Sports and Fitness, Home and Garden, Hobbies and Crafts, Food and Entertaining, Cars & Other Vehicles. The answer should be one of the categories based on words from the passage which closely belong to the category.
Input: In your best handwriting, write the letters "d" and "o." Draw in your "J." Finish with the "ob," in lowercase, spaced just as evenly and the "do" was.Flesh out your do-Job man.
Output: | Hobbies and Crafts | fc-sni-open_pi | 0 | 23f1b811de66a733f6d2c642ebe6d6055d0f352b3340d8fd07388d00c7e5e8b5 |
The input is a tweet which can be classified as Hate Speech, Offensive or Normal. Given such a tweet, output the class the tweet belongs to. Hate Speech will contain threatening language towards the community targeted. Offensive language will contain abusive or discriminatory language towards the community targeted.
Q: <user> hopefully he ' okay cause if he kills his self or something i ' m blaming it on twitch like the shit twitch does is just retarded now
A: | Normal | fc-sni-hatexplain | 0 | 0420e3ad4cace0f53f3f960e9c7b5f1ad9571b5a8f4eb92bec8e500c7e899f8e |
instruction:
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
question:
Honestly, if you knew about the blu-ray format and the capacity 1 disc has you should be appalled that there isn't the entire peanuts collection on 1 disc. This is such a obvious marketing plot to extort more money out of the consumer. If you buy this disc you are only feeding into that disgraceful behavior. If you don't know, blu-rays can hold more than 10 times the amount of content a DVD can hold. The entire peanuts movie collection can fit on to one blu-ray disc and to seperate them over 10+ discs just takes more money from you to send their fat kids to college. A pox on both your houses.
answer:
Negative
question:
The directions to put this together were unclear and failed to note that you need to use really oversized bags. After a few uses the sides have already broken. The clips are really hard to put on and off the the rack.
answer:
Negative
question:
It took me quite sometime to actually read 'Clan of the Cave Bear', and when I did, I could finally see why it was so popular, but there was much more...Valley of the Horses followed, and there was no turning back, I read all three in one weekend. And then Plans of Passage hit the book stores, and, well like so many can't wait for the fifth, and here's counting on a sixth. I thank Jean for such an impressive story. Thanks again:)
answer: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 5fa0b68f139fe202137b71f2b4ab79983a2ea5d94a3144b7a0b8dbd8a6c01ba1 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
PROBLEM: Passage: Adam, a medical student, is lured to a cabin far from civilization where he volunteers to be repeatedly killed and reanimated by Dr. Franklin Vick, through use of a mysterious serum. While "Subject Two" as he is initially successful, he begins to experience violent seizures and excruciating pain, begging Vick to kill him or committing suicide several times. Adam eventually gains complete immortality and near instantaneous regeneration, but as a consequence he loses the very sense of being alive; he can no longer feel things (including pain) and no longer can have emotions. His eyes turn snow white, and, to compensate for the gradual loss of his sense of self, he becomes violent and depressed, going so far as to kill a hunter that accidentally shoots him rather than risk him exposing the project. Eventually the student leaves Vick, only to become a walking ghost doomed to walk the earth for eternity. After returning home, "Vick" finds the real Dr. Franklin Vick, and it is revealed that the doctor for the course of the entire movie was his assistant, Subject One. Thinking that he had accidentally killed Dr. Vick, Subject One assumed his identity to continue the work, but finds that the serum was initially perfect, and it was only his tampering that gradually changed Adam. Dr. Vick scolds him before strangling him in a similar fashion to Adam, and thus begins the experiment cycle over again. It carries several obvious homages to Frankenstein but explores more the emotional effects of death and pseudo-life.
SOLUTION: Whose eyes turn snow white?
PROBLEM: Passage: In 1978, con artists Irving Rosenfeld and Sydney Prosser have started a relationship, and are working together. Sydney has improved Rosenfeld's scams, posing as English aristocrat "Lady Edith Greensly". Irving loves Sydney, but is hesitant to leave his unstable wife Rosalyn, fearing he will lose contact with his adopted son Danny. Rosalyn has also threatened to report Irving to the police if he leaves her. FBI agent Richie DiMaso catches Irving and Sydney in a loan scam, but offers to release them if Irving can line up four additional arrests. Richie believes Sydney is English, but has proof that her claim of aristocracy is fraudulent. Sydney tells Irving she will manipulate Richie, distancing herself from Irving.
Irving has a friend pretending to be a wealthy Arab sheikh looking for potential investments in America. An associate of Irving's suggests the sheikh do business with Mayor Carmine Polito of Camden, New Jersey, who is campaigning to revitalize gambling in Atlantic City, but has struggled in fund-raising. Carmine seems to have a genuine desire to help the area's economy and his constituents. Richie devises a plan to make Mayor Polito the target of a sting operation, despite the objections of Irving and of Richie's boss, Stoddard Thorsen. Sydney helps Richie manipulate an FBI secretary into making an unauthorized wire transfer of $2,000,000. When Stoddard's boss, Anthony Amado, hears of the operation, he praises Richie's initiative, pressuring Stoddard to continue.
SOLUTION: Who is the boss of Richie's boss?
PROBLEM: Passage: The wind dropped on Tuesday evening, and the firebreaks created by the garrison finally began to take effect on Wednesday 5 September. Stopping the fire caused much fire and demolition damage in the lawyers' area called the Temple. Pepys walked all over the smouldering city, getting his feet hot, and climbed the steeple of Barking Church, from which he viewed the destroyed City, "the saddest sight of desolation that I ever saw." There were many separate fires still burning themselves out, but the Great Fire was over. The following Sunday, rain fell over the city extinguishing the fire. However, it took until the following March before embers stopped reigniting.Pepys visited Moorfields, a large public park immediately north of the City, and saw a great encampment of homeless refugees, "poor wretches carrying their good there, and every body keeping his goods together by themselves". He noted that the price of bread had doubled in the environs of the park. Evelyn also went out to Moorfields, which was turning into the main point of assembly for the homeless, and was horrified at the numbers of distressed people filling it, some under tents, others in makeshift shacks: "Many [were] without a rag or any necessary utensils, bed or board ... reduced to extremest misery and poverty." Evelyn was impressed by the pride of these distressed Londoners, "tho' ready to perish for hunger and destitution, yet not asking one pennie for relief."
Fears were as high as ever among the traumatised fire victims, fear of foreign arsonists and of a French and Dutch invasion. There was an outbreak of general panic on Wednesday night in the encampments at Parliament Hill, Moorfields, and Islington. A light in the sky over Fleet Street started a story that 50,000 French and Dutch immigrants had risen, widely rumoured to have started the fire, and were marching towards Moorfields to finish what the fire had begun: to cut the men's throats, rape the women, and steal their few possessions. Surging into the streets, the frightened mob fell on any foreigners whom they happened to encounter, and were appeased, according to Evelyn, only "with infinite pains and great difficulty" and pushed back into the fields by the Trained Bands, troops of Life Guards, and members of the court.
The mood was now so volatile that Charles feared a full-scale London rebellion against the monarchy. Food production and distribution had been disrupted to the point of non-existence; Charles announced that supplies of bread would be brought into the City every day, and safe markets set up round the perimeter. These markets were for buying and selling; there was no question of distributing emergency aid.
SOLUTION: | How was the city Pepys viewed destroyed? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | 0e61ddb6491e45b69f018af5efc77c9a0e1cdda0b252acf2ded4753a049d464a |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Sentence1: Kate's boyfriend Jake had a cousin coming over his house. Sentence2: The cousin was a guy she had a crush on for years. Sentence3: The cousin and Jake whispered and looked at her. Sentence4: Jake wondered how Kate knew his cousin. Sentence5: Kate left early to avoid any further questions. | Cousin, Jake, Kate | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | 052c0729170c59804a0d47e0171074ceeee163ebb2f3083065930429fba68cac |
In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics, we ask you to write a question based on the content of the articles that can be answered in a binary manner i.e. True or False.
Input: Consider Input: Sum of angles of a triangle -- In several geometries, a triangle has three vertices and three sides, where three angles of a triangle are formed at each vertex by a pair of adjacent sides. In a Euclidean space, the sum of measures of these three angles of any triangle is invariably equal to the straight angle, also expressed as 180, radians, two right angles, or a half-turn.
Output: do all angles on a triangle add up to 180
Input: Consider Input: Milwaukee Brewers -- The team's only World Series appearance came in 1982. After winning the ALCS against the California Angels, the Brewers faced off against the St. Louis Cardinals in the World Series, losing 4--3. In 2011, the Brewers won the NLDS versus the Arizona Diamondbacks 3--2, but lost in the NLCS to the eventual World Series-champion Cardinals, 4--2.
Output: have the milwaukee brewers won a world series
Input: Consider Input: Nile -- The northern section of the river flows north almost entirely through the Sudanese desert to Egypt, then ends in a large delta and flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Egyptian civilization and Sudanese kingdoms have depended on the river since ancient times. Most of the population and cities of Egypt lie along those parts of the Nile valley north of Aswan, and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along riverbanks. | Output: does the nile flow into the mediterranean sea | fc-sni-boolq | 0 | 55cffe7f771252cf139a1cd8911fbbae28b5a080ffb9d9d56ff66672fe825cd0 |
In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics, we ask you to write a question based on the content of the articles that can be answered in a binary manner i.e. True or False.
[EX Q]: Mexican Train -- Mexican Train is a game played with dominoes. The object of the game is for a player to play all the dominoes from his or her hand onto one or more chains, or ''trains'', emanating from a central hub or ''station''. The game's most popular name comes from a special optional train that belongs to all players. However, the game can be played without the Mexican Train; such variants are generally called ''Private Trains'' or ''Domino Trains''. It is related to the game Chicken Foot.
[EX A]: can you play mexican train with regular dominoes
[EX Q]: Two-stroke oil -- Two-stroke oil (also referred to as two-cycle oil, 2-cycle oil, 2T oil, 2-stroke oil or petroil) is a special type of motor oil intended for use in crankcase compression two-stroke engines.
[EX A]: is there a difference between 2stroke and 2-cycle oil
[EX Q]: Marshall Faulk -- Marshall William Faulk (born February 26, 1973) is a former American football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for twelve seasons. He played college football for San Diego State University, and was a two-time consensus All-American. He was selected by the Indianapolis Colts as the second overall pick in the 1994 NFL Draft, and he also played professionally for the NFL's St. Louis Rams. Faulk is one of only three NFL players (Marcus Allen and Tiki Barber being the others) to reach at least 10,000 rushing yards and 5,000 receiving yards; he is the only one to amass 12,000 yards rushing and 6,000 yards receiving. Faulk was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2011 and the College Football Hall of Fame in 2017. He was a former analyst for various programs on the NFL Network until December 2017.
[EX A]: | is marshall faulk in the hall of fame | fc-sni-boolq | 0 | 672d7a49ae035b3d5bd731add5fb200508573ce0059b3ee4836fde4efb077005 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Context: Although serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is an excellent marker for detecting recurrent or persistent differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), it is unreliable in patients who have positive anti-Tg antibodies. Furthermore, a growing number of patients with DTC have elevated Tg levels but no detectable disease on radioiodine scanning or other imaging studies. The objective of this study was to determine whether a gradient in Tg protein level exists in patients with DTC.', 'Fifteen patients who underwent thyroidectomy and/or lymph node dissection for primary DTC (n = 10 patients) and recurrent or persistent DTC (n = 5 patients). A venipuncture was performed simultaneously from the internal jugular vein adjacent to the tumor and the ipsilateral antecubital vein. Venous Tg protein levels were measured by using a chemiluminescence assay. RESULTS.: The average internal jugular-to-antecubital vein Tg protein ratio was 3.4:1.0 (median Tg ratio, 2.9:1; range, 0.8-62.2). Four patients had positive anti-Tg antibodies but still had a Tg gradient. Tg levels were significantly higher in the adjacent internal jugular vein than in the antecubital vein (P = .0019). The Tg ratio between the internal jugular and antecubital veins was significantly higher in patients with recurrent or persistent DTC than in patients with primary tumors (P = .0196).
Answer: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to document a venous gradient in Tg protein levels in patients with DTC. The findings suggested that venous sampling for Tg may be used to localize DTC in some patients who have high or increasing serum Tg levels but negative radioiodine scans or imaging studies. | Do patients with differentiated thyroid cancer have a venous gradient in thyroglobulin levels? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | 8d0b10572624d5c95c2657fc2475180d95978e4de77cd241447b93fecd181ae0 |
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