conversations
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[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What determines how an atom will bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the number of valence electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What tells you the number of valence electrons on the periodic table?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the group number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In terms of energy, when are atoms more stable? Less stable?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "More stable when energy is released and less stable when energy is absorbed."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do transition elements bond differently from Representative Elements?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ""
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of energy change is associated with the forming of a chemical bond? The breaking?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Exothermic with forming and endothermic with breaking."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the stability of atoms when a bond forms?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The stability increases."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the \"octet rule\"?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atoms will gain, lose, or share valence electrons until they have a full valence electron shell."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the potential energy of an atom as its valence set gets filled?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "It is released or decreases."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What Group of elements do atoms look like when they have a full valence set?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The Noble Gases"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the bonding electrons in an ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Goes to the stronger nonmetal atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the nonbonding electrons in an ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Everything goes to the stronger nonmetal"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What key term describes the bonded electrons in an ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Transferred"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of electronegativity difference exists between atoms in an ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Large"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What types of elements are present in an ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Metal and Nonmetal"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do you draw an ionic bond using Lewis diagrams?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Dot-diagram, move valence e-, brackets, charge, and alt. +/- ions"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the bonding electrons in a covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Go in between the atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What key term describes the bonded electrons in a covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Shared Pairs"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the nonbonding electrons in a covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Go around the atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of electronegativity difference exists between atoms in a covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Small"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of element(s) is (are) present in a covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Nonmetals only"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do you draw a covalent bond using Lewis diagrams?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Dot-diagram, draw bonding between the 2 and nonbonding around the 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do you draw double-covalent and triple-covalent bonds?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The same exact way as the regular covalent bonds"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Identify an example of a molecule that has double-covalent bonds. Triple-covalent?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Double ex: Oxygen, triple ex: Nitrogen"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What does it mean if a covalent bond is symmetrical?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "It is non polar."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What does it mean if a covalent bond is asymmetrical?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "It is polar."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of element(s) is (are) present in a metallic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Metal"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which type(s) of element(s) are present in a metallic substance?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Metals"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In which phase can ionic substances conduct electricity?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Liquid"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why can ionic substances conduct electricity when melted/dissolved but not when solid?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The ions are stationery."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In which phases can metallic substances conduct electricity?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Solid and liquid"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why can metallic substance conduct electricity in both solid and liquid phases?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The electrons are very mobile."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the only 3 examples of a network-covalent solid?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Diamond, quartz, and SiC"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you recognize compounds that contain polyatomic ions from a Lewis Diagram?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The charge should be floating nearby."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of charge (electron) distribution does a POLAR molecule have? Nonpolar?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Polar - Symmetrical, Nonpolar - Asymmetrical"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When assigning charges, how can you tell which element should be -? +?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Side with higher EN should be negative and lower EN side positive"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you tell if a molecule has charge symmetry? Charge asymmetry?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "If the EN values are different then it's asymmetrical"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the 4 basic shapes that molecules can be?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Linear, Bent, Pyramidal, and Tetrahedral"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you tell if a molecule is tetrahedral shape? Give an example"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "CH4 and 4 atoms bonded to 1 center"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you tell if a molecule is pyramidal shape? Give an example"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3 bonded to 1 center and NF3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you tell if a molecule is bent shape? Give an example"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3 atoms bend around center and H2O"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you tell if a molecule is linear shape? Give an example"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2 or 3 in a straight line CO2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How does melting point temperature compare with freezing point temperature?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The temp that a substance changes between solid and liquid"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Define boiling point temperature. Condensation point temperature?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Temp needed for something to boil. Temp needed for something to condense."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How does boiling point temperature compare with condensation point temperature?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The temp that a substance changes between liquid and gas."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Identify the 4 types of IM forces of attraction. Which the strongest? Weakest?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Van Der Waals~ Weakest, Dipole- Dipole ~medium strength, Hydrogen Bonding ~ Strongest, Molecular Ion~ medium strength"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Explain how hydrogen-bond forces form. What elements are involved?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Molecule contains both Hydrogen and Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the boiling point/melting point temperature of particles that exhibit H-bonding forces?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The highest"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Explain how Van der Waals forces form. What 2 types of particles only have Van der Waals forces of attraction?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Caused by temporary dipoles and Noble Gases and Nonpolar molecules"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens to the boiling point/melting point temperature of particles that only exhibit VDW forces?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Very low"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "in a chemical formula, the number of each type of atom in the compound is shown by numbers called ___________"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "subscripts"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "a group of covalently bonded atoms that acts together as one charged atom is a ____."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "polyatomic ion"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "the sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is always ___________."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "zero"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The charge of an atom, or its oxidation number, is shown with a ___________"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "superscript"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do the noble gases NOT form compounds readily?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the name of a compound made up of lithium and chlorine?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "lithium chloride"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which group of elements is the most stable?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Noble gases, Group 18"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Group of elements that form salts by combining with metals are ____."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "halogens"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do atoms form double and triple covalent bonds?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atoms form double or triple covalent bonds if they can attain 8 valence electrons by sharing two or three pairs of electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The metals are found on the _______ side of the periodic table."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Left"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "the nonmetals are found on the _________ side of the periodic table."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "right"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "NaCl is a(n) ________ bond."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "ionic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "C6H10 is a _____ bond."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "covalent"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Al2O3 is a ____ bond."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "ionic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "C6H12O6 is a _____ bond."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "covalent"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Fe2O3 is a _____ bond."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "ionic"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A grounding electrode conductor can be made of which of these materials?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Any of the Above"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A conductor used to connect the system grounded conductor or the equipment to a grounding electrode or to a point on the grounding electrode system best defines which of the following?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Grounding Electrode Conductor"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "8.\nIf the grounding electrode conductor is connected to a concrete-encased electrode, the\nportion of the grounding electrode conductor\nthat is connected only to the concrete-en\ncased electrode is not required to be larger\nthan a ? copper conductor."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "4 AWG"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If the grounding electrode conductor is con nected to a ground ring that is a 1 AWG copper conductor, the portion of the grounding electrode conductor that is connected only to the ring electrode is not required to be larger than_? copper."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2 AWG"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If the DC system (source) is located on the premises, the grounding electrode conductor connection to the DC system must be made at which of the following locations?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A. At the first system disconnecting means or overcurrent protective device.\nB. At the Source\n\nAnswer - Either A or B"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The requirements for installing grounding electrode conductors for AC systems are provided in ? of Article 250."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Part III"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Grounding electrode conductors generally must be installed in a continuous length without a splice or joint unless splices are made using?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Any of the Above"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A grounding electrode conductor is required to be connected to a grounding electrode using which of the following methods?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Any of the Above"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The mechanical connections to a grounding electrode are required to be accessible, unless ?."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Any of the Above"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Based on its electronegativity difference, which kind of bond is present in the compound OF 2?\na) ionic\nb) metallic\nc) polar covalent\nd) nonpolar covalent"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "c) polar covalent"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Covalent compounds display which of these properties?\na) They are hard, brittle solids\nb) They have high melting and boiling points\nc) They display luster.\nd) Their intermolecular forces are relatively weak."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "d) Their intermolecular forces are relatively weak."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What molecular shape does the compound CCl 4 have?\na) trigonal planar\nb) tetrahedral\nc) octahedral\nd) bent"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "b) tetrahedral"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which is the correct name for the compound N 2 O c?\na) dinitro trioxide\nb) nitrogen (II) oxide (III)\nc) trinitrogen dioxide\nd) dinitrogen trioxide"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "d) dinitrogen trioxide"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which is the correct name for the comppoiund PCl 5?\na) monophosphorous tetrachloride\nb) phosphorus chloride\nc) phosphorus pentachloride\nd) pentaphosphorus chloride"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "c) phosphorus pentachloride"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which is the correct name for the compound N 2 O 4?\na) tetranitrogen dioxide\nb) dinitrogen tetroxide\nc)dinitrogen quadoxide\nd) nitrogen oxide"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "b) dinitrogen tetroxide"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which is the correct formula for the compound dinitrogen monoxide?\na) NO 2\nb) (NO)2\nc) N 2 O 1\nd) N 2 O"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "d) N 2 O"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following compounds is an exception to the octete rule?\na) BH 3\nb) CH 4\nc) NH 3\nd) H 2 O"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a) BH 3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A metal, magnesium, forms an ion by losing two electrons. What will be the formula of one formula unit of the ionic ocmpound between magnesium and oxygen?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "MgO"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Elements in groups 1A and 2A in the periodic table form positively charged ions by loss of electrons. What will be the charge on a atom, if it belongs to group 1A?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "+1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Elements in groups 5A, 6A, and 7A in the periodic table form negatively charged ions by gain of electrons. what will be the charge on an atom, if it belongs to group 6A?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "-2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The charge on the polyatomic ion, NO 2, is 1-. what will be the formula of one formula unit of a compound between NO 2 and Be?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Be(NO 2)2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which kind of molecular shape will this molecular have? Explain how you can tell from the Lewis structure."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "bent because it has 2 lone electron pairs and 2 bonds."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Lithium is a reactive metal that reacts with oxygen to form an oxide.\na. How many valence electrons does lithium have?\nb. How many electrons does lithium lose or gain to achieve a stable octet configuration?\nc. What is the formula of lithium oxide?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a. one\nb. loses one electron\nc. Li 2 O"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Chemical bond formation may take place due to the interaction between a ______________ and an anion."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "cation"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In the electron sea model, it is proposed that all the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their _______________ electrons to form a sea of electrons."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "valence"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The name of the anion PO 4 which is a 3- is _____________________."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "phosphate"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When a chemical bond is formed, the constituent atoms acquire the valence electron configuration of noble gases called ___________________________."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "octet"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The second part of the name of the compound NF 3 is __________________________"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "trifluoride"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How is the chemical configuration of an atom determined by its electron configuration?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The electron configuration affects whether the atom will covalent/ionic bond as well as the atoms electronegativity"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can you determine if the bond between two atoms is polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, or ionic?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Bond is ionic when a non metal and metal bond, bond is polar if you draw a line through molecule and positive and negatives are on opposite sides/ unequal distribution of electronegativity, Bond is non polar if ENs are similar/positives and negatives are on same side"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How is the shape of a molecule important in biological systems?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The shape of molecules affects what receptor each molecule fits into, allowing cells to carry out biological functions, EX: enzymes"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the biological importance of weak bonds?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Weak bonds mean that they are able to be broken up easier and help determine and stabilize shapes of biological molecules. Ex: DNA"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What holds bonded atoms together?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "- bonded atoms usually have a stable configuration, each atom has (or thinks it has) 8 valence electrons \n- bonds can stretch and bend without breaking - they move (kinetic theorem) but don't break"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "XeF2: Polar or nonpolar?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Polar"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "BrO2(-): Polar or nonpolar?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Polar"
}
] |