document_text
stringlengths 17
3k
| long_answer_candidates
list | question_text
stringlengths 27
100
| annotations
list | document_url
stringlengths 67
144
| example_id
int64 -9,204,044,061,706,245,000
9,217,527,674B
| long_answer_text
stringlengths 32
109k
| short_answer_text
stringlengths 1
745
| split_id
stringlengths 18
24
| answer_exist_chunk
bool 2
classes | summarization_text
stringlengths 19
22.3k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women 's Pacific Rim Championship 1995 Elite Women 's Hockey League 2005 -- 06 2006 -- 07 2007 -- 08 2008 -- 09 2009 -- 10 2010 -- 11 2011 -- 12 2012 -- 13 2013 -- 14 2014 -- 15 2015 -- 16 2016 -- 17 2017 -- 18 European Women 's Champions Cup 2005 2006 2007 -- 08 2008 -- 09 2009 -- 10 2010 -- 11 2011 -- 12 2012 -- 13 2013 -- 14 2014 -- 15 4 Nations Cup 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Women 's Nations Cup 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 WHC Directorate Awards 1987 World Tournament 2011 IIHF 12 Nations Tournament Triple Gold Club Components Stanley Cup champions Ice Hockey World Championships medalists Ice hockey at the Olympic Games medalists Players Patrice Bergeron Rob Blake Sidney Crosby Pavel Datsyuk Viacheslav Fetisov Peter Forsberg Alexei Gusarov Jaromír Jágr Tomas Jonsson Valeri Kamensky Niklas Kronwall Igor Larionov Nicklas Lidström Håkan Loob Vladimir Malakhov Fredrik Modin Alexander Mogilny Mats Näslund Scott Niedermayer Corey Perry Chris Pronger Joe Sakic Mikael Samuelsson Brendan Shanahan Jiří Šlégr Eric Staal Jonathan Toews Henrik Zetterberg Coaches Mike Babcock Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ice_hockey_at_the_Olympic_Games&oldid=832878035 '' Categories : | [
{
"end_token": 182,
"start_token": 35,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 46,
"start_token": 36,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 59,
"start_token": 50,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 76,
"start_token": 59,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 81,
"start_token": 76,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 172,
"start_token": 81,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 94,
"start_token": 83,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 93,
"start_token": 84,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 94,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 134,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 154,
"start_token": 134,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 170,
"start_token": 154,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 181,
"start_token": 172,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 179,
"start_token": 174,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 237,
"start_token": 182,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 237,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 543,
"start_token": 415,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 639,
"start_token": 543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 832,
"start_token": 639,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 953,
"start_token": 832,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1447,
"start_token": 1214,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1546,
"start_token": 1447,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1573,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1924,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2071,
"start_token": 1930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2188,
"start_token": 2082,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2320,
"start_token": 2188,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2623,
"start_token": 2329,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2691,
"start_token": 2623,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2866,
"start_token": 2717,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3009,
"start_token": 2866,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3221,
"start_token": 3009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3358,
"start_token": 3260,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3527,
"start_token": 3358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3617,
"start_token": 3527,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3815,
"start_token": 3623,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4000,
"start_token": 3839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4243,
"start_token": 4000,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4406,
"start_token": 4272,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4552,
"start_token": 4427,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4635,
"start_token": 4552,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4816,
"start_token": 4657,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5097,
"start_token": 4816,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5433,
"start_token": 5134,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5597,
"start_token": 5439,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5723,
"start_token": 5611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5804,
"start_token": 5723,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5860,
"start_token": 5804,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6007,
"start_token": 5889,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6032,
"start_token": 6007,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6315,
"start_token": 6044,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6391,
"start_token": 6315,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6421,
"start_token": 6401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6421,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6440,
"start_token": 6422,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6458,
"start_token": 6440,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6564,
"start_token": 6459,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6759,
"start_token": 6579,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7032,
"start_token": 6781,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7232,
"start_token": 7032,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7314,
"start_token": 7260,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7314,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7786,
"start_token": 7575,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8039,
"start_token": 7822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8177,
"start_token": 8039,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8428,
"start_token": 8177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8563,
"start_token": 8428,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8682,
"start_token": 8570,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8849,
"start_token": 8705,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9164,
"start_token": 8849,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9201,
"start_token": 9164,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9251,
"start_token": 9201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9470,
"start_token": 9266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10306,
"start_token": 9470,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9499,
"start_token": 9479,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9555,
"start_token": 9499,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9620,
"start_token": 9555,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9670,
"start_token": 9620,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9710,
"start_token": 9670,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9758,
"start_token": 9710,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9829,
"start_token": 9758,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9913,
"start_token": 9829,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10009,
"start_token": 9913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10057,
"start_token": 10009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10088,
"start_token": 10057,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10119,
"start_token": 10088,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10150,
"start_token": 10119,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10181,
"start_token": 10150,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10212,
"start_token": 10181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10243,
"start_token": 10212,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10274,
"start_token": 10243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10305,
"start_token": 10274,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10447,
"start_token": 10306,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10465,
"start_token": 10460,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10570,
"start_token": 10465,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10480,
"start_token": 10466,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10500,
"start_token": 10480,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10515,
"start_token": 10500,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10530,
"start_token": 10515,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10545,
"start_token": 10530,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10563,
"start_token": 10545,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10569,
"start_token": 10563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10575,
"start_token": 10570,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 14967,
"start_token": 10575,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10656,
"start_token": 10576,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10786,
"start_token": 10656,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10901,
"start_token": 10786,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11014,
"start_token": 10901,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11144,
"start_token": 11014,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11272,
"start_token": 11144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11403,
"start_token": 11272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11518,
"start_token": 11403,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11642,
"start_token": 11518,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11773,
"start_token": 11642,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11894,
"start_token": 11773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12011,
"start_token": 11894,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12127,
"start_token": 12011,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12244,
"start_token": 12127,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12375,
"start_token": 12244,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12501,
"start_token": 12375,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12624,
"start_token": 12501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12747,
"start_token": 12624,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12860,
"start_token": 12747,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12976,
"start_token": 12860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13106,
"start_token": 12976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13223,
"start_token": 13106,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13333,
"start_token": 13223,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13460,
"start_token": 13333,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13586,
"start_token": 13460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13700,
"start_token": 13586,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13808,
"start_token": 13700,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13921,
"start_token": 13808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14041,
"start_token": 13921,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14164,
"start_token": 14041,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14295,
"start_token": 14164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14416,
"start_token": 14295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14527,
"start_token": 14416,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14635,
"start_token": 14527,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14767,
"start_token": 14635,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14886,
"start_token": 14767,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14966,
"start_token": 14886,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14972,
"start_token": 14967,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 15566,
"start_token": 14972,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 14999,
"start_token": 14973,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15040,
"start_token": 14999,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15078,
"start_token": 15040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15119,
"start_token": 15078,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15159,
"start_token": 15119,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15199,
"start_token": 15159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15237,
"start_token": 15199,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15277,
"start_token": 15237,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15310,
"start_token": 15277,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15345,
"start_token": 15310,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15383,
"start_token": 15345,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15421,
"start_token": 15383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15460,
"start_token": 15421,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15496,
"start_token": 15460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15538,
"start_token": 15496,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15565,
"start_token": 15538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16218,
"start_token": 15587,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 15602,
"start_token": 15588,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15627,
"start_token": 15602,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15653,
"start_token": 15627,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15678,
"start_token": 15653,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15704,
"start_token": 15678,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15732,
"start_token": 15704,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15757,
"start_token": 15732,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15782,
"start_token": 15757,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15809,
"start_token": 15782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15836,
"start_token": 15809,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15861,
"start_token": 15836,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15886,
"start_token": 15861,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15912,
"start_token": 15886,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15938,
"start_token": 15912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15965,
"start_token": 15938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15990,
"start_token": 15965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16015,
"start_token": 15990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16040,
"start_token": 16015,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16064,
"start_token": 16040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16089,
"start_token": 16064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16116,
"start_token": 16089,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16141,
"start_token": 16116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16166,
"start_token": 16141,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16190,
"start_token": 16166,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16217,
"start_token": 16190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16425,
"start_token": 16257,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16272,
"start_token": 16258,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16297,
"start_token": 16272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16324,
"start_token": 16297,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16349,
"start_token": 16324,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16374,
"start_token": 16349,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16399,
"start_token": 16374,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16424,
"start_token": 16399,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16743,
"start_token": 16436,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16457,
"start_token": 16437,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16477,
"start_token": 16457,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16498,
"start_token": 16477,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16519,
"start_token": 16498,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16538,
"start_token": 16519,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16559,
"start_token": 16538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16577,
"start_token": 16559,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16601,
"start_token": 16577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16620,
"start_token": 16601,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16641,
"start_token": 16620,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16662,
"start_token": 16641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16682,
"start_token": 16662,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16699,
"start_token": 16682,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16720,
"start_token": 16699,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16742,
"start_token": 16720,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16869,
"start_token": 16747,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16768,
"start_token": 16748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16788,
"start_token": 16768,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16808,
"start_token": 16788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16827,
"start_token": 16808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16847,
"start_token": 16827,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16868,
"start_token": 16847,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17183,
"start_token": 16873,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16894,
"start_token": 16874,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16915,
"start_token": 16894,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16936,
"start_token": 16915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16957,
"start_token": 16936,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16977,
"start_token": 16957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16998,
"start_token": 16977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17016,
"start_token": 16998,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17040,
"start_token": 17016,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17059,
"start_token": 17040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17080,
"start_token": 17059,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17102,
"start_token": 17080,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17122,
"start_token": 17102,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17139,
"start_token": 17122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17160,
"start_token": 17139,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17182,
"start_token": 17160,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17232,
"start_token": 17189,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 17370,
"start_token": 17232,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 17250,
"start_token": 17233,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17271,
"start_token": 17250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17292,
"start_token": 17271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17312,
"start_token": 17292,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17331,
"start_token": 17312,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17350,
"start_token": 17331,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17369,
"start_token": 17350,
"top_level": false
}
] | when did nhl players start to play in the olympics | [
{
"annotation_id": 12634511277663144000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 15,
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 237
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 413,
"start_token": 412
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ice_hockey_at_the_Olympic_Games&oldid=832878035 | 6,768,266,617,246,001,000 | <P> The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes . However , the advent of the state - sponsored `` full - time amateur athlete '' of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur , as it put the self - financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage . The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students , soldiers , or working in a profession , but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full - time basis . In 1986 , the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) voted to allow professional athletes to compete in the Olympic Games starting in 1988 . The National Hockey League ( NHL ) was initially reluctant to allow its players to compete because the Olympics are held in the middle of the NHL season , and the league would have to halt play if many of its players participated . Eventually , NHL players were admitted starting in 1998 . </P> | 1998 | 6768266617246001034_44 | true | The participation of NHL players in the Olympics began in 1998. This marked a significant change in the history of ice hockey at the Olympic Games, as it allowed professional players from the NHL to compete on the international stage. Prior to 1998, the Olympic ice hockey tournament was primarily composed of amateur and national team players. The inclusion of NHL players brought a new level of skill and competitiveness to the Olympic ice hockey competition, and has since become a defining feature of the event. |
'' Categories : Ice hockey at the Olympic Games International Ice Hockey Federation tournaments Recurring sporting events established in 1920 Sports at the Winter Olympics Ice hockey at multi-sport events World championships in ice hockey Hidden categories : CS1 : Julian -- Gregorian uncertainty CS1 French - language sources ( fr ) Featured articles Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Čeština Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Français 한국어 हिन्दी Hrvatski Italiano Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar मराठी Монгол Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Suomi Svenska ไทย Українська 中文 23 more Edit links This page was last edited on 28 March 2018 , at 13 : 39 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 182,
"start_token": 35,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 46,
"start_token": 36,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 59,
"start_token": 50,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 76,
"start_token": 59,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 81,
"start_token": 76,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 172,
"start_token": 81,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 94,
"start_token": 83,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 93,
"start_token": 84,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 94,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 134,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 154,
"start_token": 134,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 170,
"start_token": 154,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 181,
"start_token": 172,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 179,
"start_token": 174,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 237,
"start_token": 182,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 237,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 543,
"start_token": 415,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 639,
"start_token": 543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 832,
"start_token": 639,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 953,
"start_token": 832,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1447,
"start_token": 1214,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1546,
"start_token": 1447,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1573,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1924,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2071,
"start_token": 1930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2188,
"start_token": 2082,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2320,
"start_token": 2188,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2623,
"start_token": 2329,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2691,
"start_token": 2623,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2866,
"start_token": 2717,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3009,
"start_token": 2866,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3221,
"start_token": 3009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3358,
"start_token": 3260,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3527,
"start_token": 3358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3617,
"start_token": 3527,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3815,
"start_token": 3623,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4000,
"start_token": 3839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4243,
"start_token": 4000,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4406,
"start_token": 4272,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4552,
"start_token": 4427,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4635,
"start_token": 4552,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4816,
"start_token": 4657,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5097,
"start_token": 4816,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5433,
"start_token": 5134,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5597,
"start_token": 5439,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5723,
"start_token": 5611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5804,
"start_token": 5723,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5860,
"start_token": 5804,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6007,
"start_token": 5889,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6032,
"start_token": 6007,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6315,
"start_token": 6044,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6391,
"start_token": 6315,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6421,
"start_token": 6401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6421,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6440,
"start_token": 6422,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6458,
"start_token": 6440,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6564,
"start_token": 6459,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6759,
"start_token": 6579,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7032,
"start_token": 6781,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7232,
"start_token": 7032,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7314,
"start_token": 7260,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7314,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7786,
"start_token": 7575,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8039,
"start_token": 7822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8177,
"start_token": 8039,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8428,
"start_token": 8177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8563,
"start_token": 8428,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8682,
"start_token": 8570,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8849,
"start_token": 8705,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9164,
"start_token": 8849,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9201,
"start_token": 9164,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9251,
"start_token": 9201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9470,
"start_token": 9266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10306,
"start_token": 9470,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 9499,
"start_token": 9479,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9555,
"start_token": 9499,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9620,
"start_token": 9555,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9670,
"start_token": 9620,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9710,
"start_token": 9670,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9758,
"start_token": 9710,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9829,
"start_token": 9758,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 9913,
"start_token": 9829,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10009,
"start_token": 9913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10057,
"start_token": 10009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10088,
"start_token": 10057,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10119,
"start_token": 10088,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10150,
"start_token": 10119,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10181,
"start_token": 10150,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10212,
"start_token": 10181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10243,
"start_token": 10212,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10274,
"start_token": 10243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10305,
"start_token": 10274,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10447,
"start_token": 10306,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10465,
"start_token": 10460,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10570,
"start_token": 10465,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10480,
"start_token": 10466,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10500,
"start_token": 10480,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10515,
"start_token": 10500,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10530,
"start_token": 10515,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10545,
"start_token": 10530,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10563,
"start_token": 10545,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10569,
"start_token": 10563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10575,
"start_token": 10570,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 14967,
"start_token": 10575,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 10656,
"start_token": 10576,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10786,
"start_token": 10656,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 10901,
"start_token": 10786,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11014,
"start_token": 10901,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11144,
"start_token": 11014,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11272,
"start_token": 11144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11403,
"start_token": 11272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11518,
"start_token": 11403,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11642,
"start_token": 11518,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11773,
"start_token": 11642,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 11894,
"start_token": 11773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12011,
"start_token": 11894,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12127,
"start_token": 12011,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12244,
"start_token": 12127,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12375,
"start_token": 12244,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12501,
"start_token": 12375,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12624,
"start_token": 12501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12747,
"start_token": 12624,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12860,
"start_token": 12747,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 12976,
"start_token": 12860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13106,
"start_token": 12976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13223,
"start_token": 13106,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13333,
"start_token": 13223,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13460,
"start_token": 13333,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13586,
"start_token": 13460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13700,
"start_token": 13586,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13808,
"start_token": 13700,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 13921,
"start_token": 13808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14041,
"start_token": 13921,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14164,
"start_token": 14041,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14295,
"start_token": 14164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14416,
"start_token": 14295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14527,
"start_token": 14416,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14635,
"start_token": 14527,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14767,
"start_token": 14635,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14886,
"start_token": 14767,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14966,
"start_token": 14886,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 14972,
"start_token": 14967,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 15566,
"start_token": 14972,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 14999,
"start_token": 14973,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15040,
"start_token": 14999,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15078,
"start_token": 15040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15119,
"start_token": 15078,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15159,
"start_token": 15119,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15199,
"start_token": 15159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15237,
"start_token": 15199,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15277,
"start_token": 15237,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15310,
"start_token": 15277,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15345,
"start_token": 15310,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15383,
"start_token": 15345,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15421,
"start_token": 15383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15460,
"start_token": 15421,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15496,
"start_token": 15460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15538,
"start_token": 15496,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15565,
"start_token": 15538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16218,
"start_token": 15587,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 15602,
"start_token": 15588,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15627,
"start_token": 15602,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15653,
"start_token": 15627,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15678,
"start_token": 15653,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15704,
"start_token": 15678,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15732,
"start_token": 15704,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15757,
"start_token": 15732,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15782,
"start_token": 15757,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15809,
"start_token": 15782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15836,
"start_token": 15809,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15861,
"start_token": 15836,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15886,
"start_token": 15861,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15912,
"start_token": 15886,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15938,
"start_token": 15912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15965,
"start_token": 15938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 15990,
"start_token": 15965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16015,
"start_token": 15990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16040,
"start_token": 16015,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16064,
"start_token": 16040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16089,
"start_token": 16064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16116,
"start_token": 16089,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16141,
"start_token": 16116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16166,
"start_token": 16141,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16190,
"start_token": 16166,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16217,
"start_token": 16190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16425,
"start_token": 16257,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16272,
"start_token": 16258,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16297,
"start_token": 16272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16324,
"start_token": 16297,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16349,
"start_token": 16324,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16374,
"start_token": 16349,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16399,
"start_token": 16374,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16424,
"start_token": 16399,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16743,
"start_token": 16436,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16457,
"start_token": 16437,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16477,
"start_token": 16457,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16498,
"start_token": 16477,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16519,
"start_token": 16498,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16538,
"start_token": 16519,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16559,
"start_token": 16538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16577,
"start_token": 16559,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16601,
"start_token": 16577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16620,
"start_token": 16601,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16641,
"start_token": 16620,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16662,
"start_token": 16641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16682,
"start_token": 16662,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16699,
"start_token": 16682,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16720,
"start_token": 16699,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16742,
"start_token": 16720,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16869,
"start_token": 16747,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16768,
"start_token": 16748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16788,
"start_token": 16768,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16808,
"start_token": 16788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16827,
"start_token": 16808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16847,
"start_token": 16827,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16868,
"start_token": 16847,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17183,
"start_token": 16873,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 16894,
"start_token": 16874,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16915,
"start_token": 16894,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16936,
"start_token": 16915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16957,
"start_token": 16936,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16977,
"start_token": 16957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 16998,
"start_token": 16977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17016,
"start_token": 16998,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17040,
"start_token": 17016,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17059,
"start_token": 17040,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17080,
"start_token": 17059,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17102,
"start_token": 17080,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17122,
"start_token": 17102,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17139,
"start_token": 17122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17160,
"start_token": 17139,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17182,
"start_token": 17160,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17232,
"start_token": 17189,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 17370,
"start_token": 17232,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 17250,
"start_token": 17233,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17271,
"start_token": 17250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17292,
"start_token": 17271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17312,
"start_token": 17292,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17331,
"start_token": 17312,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17350,
"start_token": 17331,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 17369,
"start_token": 17350,
"top_level": false
}
] | when did nhl players start to play in the olympics | [
{
"annotation_id": 12634511277663144000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 15,
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 237
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 413,
"start_token": 412
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ice_hockey_at_the_Olympic_Games&oldid=832878035 | 6,768,266,617,246,001,000 | <P> The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes . However , the advent of the state - sponsored `` full - time amateur athlete '' of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur , as it put the self - financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage . The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students , soldiers , or working in a profession , but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full - time basis . In 1986 , the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) voted to allow professional athletes to compete in the Olympic Games starting in 1988 . The National Hockey League ( NHL ) was initially reluctant to allow its players to compete because the Olympics are held in the middle of the NHL season , and the league would have to halt play if many of its players participated . Eventually , NHL players were admitted starting in 1998 . </P> | 1998 | 6768266617246001034_45 | false | The participation of NHL players in the Olympics began in 1998. This marked a significant change in the history of the Olympic Games and the sport of ice hockey. The inclusion of NHL players brought a new level of talent and competition to the Olympic ice hockey tournament. This change has had a lasting impact on the sport and has been a point of interest for fans and analysts alike. |
Systems development life cycle - wikipedia Systems development life cycle Jump to : navigation , search For other uses , see SDLC ( disambiguation ) . Model of the systems development life cycle , highlighting the maintenance phase The systems development life cycle ( SDLC ) , also referred to as the application development life - cycle , is a term used in systems engineering , information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning , creating , testing , and deploying an information system . The systems development lifecycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations , as a system can be composed of hardware only , software only , or a combination of both . Contents ( hide ) 1 Overview 2 History and details 3 Phases 3.1 System investigation 3.2 System analysis 3.3 Design 3.4 Environments 3.5 Testing 3.6 Training and transition 3.7 Operations and maintenance 3.8 Evaluation 4 Systems analysis and design 5 Object - oriented analysis 6 Life cycle 6.1 Management and control 6.2 Work breakdown structured organization 6.3 Baselines 6.4 Complementary methodologies 7 Strengths and weaknesses 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links Overview ( edit ) A systems development life cycle is composed of a number of clearly defined and distinct work phases which are used by systems engineers and systems developers to plan for , design , build , test , and deliver information systems . Like anything that is manufactured on an assembly line , an SDLC aims to produce high - quality systems that meet or exceed customer expectations , based on customer requirements , by delivering systems which move through each clearly defined phase , within scheduled time frames and cost estimates . Computer systems are complex and often ( especially with the recent rise of service - oriented architecture ) link multiple traditional systems potentially supplied by different software vendors . To manage this level of complexity , a number of SDLC models or methodologies have been created , such as waterfall , spiral , Agile software development , rapid prototyping , incremental , and synchronize and stabilize . SDLC can be described along a spectrum of agile to iterative to sequential methodologies . Agile methodologies , such as XP and Scrum , focus on lightweight processes which allow for rapid changes ( without necessarily following the pattern of SDLC approach ) along the development cycle . Iterative methodologies , such as Rational Unified Process and dynamic systems development method , focus on limited project scope and expanding or improving products by | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_1 | false | The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a term used in systems engineering, information systems, and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. It is composed of a number of clearly defined and distinct work phases which are used by systems engineers and systems developers to plan for, design, build, test, and deliver information systems. The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This process aims to produce high-quality systems that meet or exceed customer expectations, based on customer requirements, by delivering systems which move through each clearly defined phase, within scheduled time frames and cost estimates. The phases of the systems approach include system investigation, system analysis, design, environments, testing, training and transition, operations and maintenance, and evaluation. The SDLC can be described along a spectrum of agile to iterative to sequential methodologies, with various models or methodologies such as waterfall, spiral, Agile software development, rapid prototyping, incremental, and synchronize and stabilize. These methodologies focus on lightweight processes, limited project scope, and expanding or improving products by managing the complexity of computer systems. |
systems development method , focus on limited project scope and expanding or improving products by multiple iterations . Sequential or big - design - up - front ( BDUF ) models , such as waterfall , focus on complete and correct planning to guide large projects and risks to successful and predictable results . Other models , such as anamorphic development , tend to focus on a form of development that is guided by project scope and adaptive iterations of feature development . In project management a project can be defined both with a project life cycle ( PLC ) and an SDLC , during which slightly different activities occur . According to Taylor ( 2004 ) , `` the project life cycle encompasses all the activities of the project , while the systems development life cycle focuses on realizing the product requirements '' . SDLC is used during the development of an IT project , it describes the different stages involved in the project from the drawing board , through the completion of the project . The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . History and details ( edit ) The product life cycle describes the process for building information systems in a very deliberate , structured and methodical way , reiterating each stage of the product 's life . The systems development life cycle , according to Elliott & Strachan & Radford ( 2004 ) , `` originated in the 1960s , to develop large scale functional business systems in an age of large scale business conglomerates . Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_2 | true | The systems development method focuses on limited project scope and expanding or improving products by multiple iterations. There are different models, such as sequential or big-design-up-front (BDUF) models like waterfall, which focus on complete and correct planning to guide large projects and risks to successful and predictable results. Other models, such as anamorphic development, tend to focus on a form of development that is guided by project scope and adaptive iterations of feature development.
In project management, a project can be defined both with a project life cycle (PLC) and a systems development life cycle (SDLC), during which slightly different activities occur. The project life cycle encompasses all the activities of the project, while the systems development life cycle focuses on realizing the product requirements. SDLC is used during the development of an IT project and describes the different stages involved in the project from the drawing board through the completion of the project. It is not a methodology per se, but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application. These phases broadly include investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support.
All software development methodologies follow the SDLC phases, but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies. For example, in the Scrum methodology, a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two-week sprint. In contrast, the waterfall methodology translates every business requirement into feature/functional descriptions, which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months or more. These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches, yet they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born, then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support, after which the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application.
The product life cycle describes the process for building information systems in a very deliberate, structured, and methodical way, reiterating each stage of the product's life. The systems development life cycle originated in the 1960s to develop large-scale functional business systems in an age of large-scale business conglomerates. Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number. |
conglomerates . Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number crunching routines '' . Several systems development frameworks have been partly based on SDLC , such as the structured systems analysis and design method ( SSADM ) produced for the UK government Office of Government Commerce in the 1980s . Ever since , according to Elliott ( 2004 ) , `` the traditional life cycle approaches to systems development have been increasingly replaced with alternative approaches and frameworks , which attempted to overcome some of the inherent deficiencies of the traditional SDLC '' . Phases ( edit ) This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia 's quality standards . The specific problem is : parts of this section appear to be unfinished and half - written / typed Please help improve this article if you can . ( July 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( September 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The system development life cycle framework provides a sequence of activities for system designers and developers to follow . It consists of a set of steps or phases in which each phase of the SDLC uses the results of the previous one . The SDLC adheres to important phases that are essential for developers , such as planning , analysis , design , and implementation , and are explained in the section below . It includes evaluation of present system , information gathering , feasibility study and request approval . A number of SDLC models have been created : waterfall , fountain , spiral , build and fix , rapid prototyping , incremental , synchronize and stabilize . The oldest of these , and the best known , is the waterfall model : a sequence of stages in which the output of each stage becomes the input for the next . These stages can be characterized and divided up in different ways , including the following : Preliminary analysis : The objective of phase 1 is to conduct a preliminary analysis , propose alternative solutions , describe costs and benefits and submit a preliminary plan with recommendations . Conduct the preliminary analysis : in this step , you need to find out the organization 's objectives and the nature and scope of the problem under study . Even if a problem refers only to a small segment of the organization itself , you need to find out what the objectives of the organization itself are . Then you need to see how the problem being studied fits in with them . Propose alternative solutions : In digging into the organization 's objectives and specific problems , you may have already | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_3 | false | The system development life cycle (SDLC) framework provides a sequence of activities for system designers and developers to follow. It consists of a set of steps or phases in which each phase of the SDLC uses the results of the previous one. The SDLC adheres to important phases that are essential for developers, such as planning, analysis, design, and implementation. It includes evaluation of present system, information gathering, feasibility study, and request approval. A number of SDLC models have been created, including waterfall, fountain, spiral, build and fix, rapid prototyping, incremental, synchronize and stabilize. The correct sequence of various phases of systems approach is investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. |
: In digging into the organization 's objectives and specific problems , you may have already covered some solutions . Alternate proposals may come from interviewing employees , clients , suppliers , and / or consultants . You can also study what competitors are doing . With this data , you will have three choices : leave the system as is , improve it , or develop a new system . Describe the costs and benefits . Systems analysis , requirements definition : Defines project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application . It is the process of gathering and interpreting facts , diagnosing problems and recommending improvements to the system . Analyzes end - user information needs and also removes any inconsistencies and incompleteness in these requirements . A series of steps followed by the developer are : Collection of Facts : End user requirements are obtained through documentation , client interviews , observation and questionnaires , Scrutiny of the existing system : Identify pros and cons of the current system in - place , so as to carry forward the pros and avoid the cons in the new system . Analyzing the proposed system : Solutions to the shortcomings in step two are found and any specific user proposals are used to prepare the specifications . Systems design : Describes desired features and operations in detail , including screen layouts , business rules , process diagrams , pseudocode and other documentation . Development : The real code is written here . Integration and testing : Brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment , then checks for errors , bugs and interoperability . Acceptance , installation , deployment : The final stage of initial development , where the software is put into production and runs actual business . Maintenance : During the maintenance stage of the SDLC , the system is assessed to ensure it does not become obsolete . This is also where changes are made to initial software . It involves continuous evaluation of the system in terms of its performance . Evaluation : Some companies do not view this as an official stage of the SDLC , while others consider it to be an extension of the maintenance stage , and may be referred to in some circles as post-implementation review . This is where the system that was developed , as well as the entire process , is evaluated . Some of the questions that need to be answered include : does the newly implemented system meet the initial business requirements and objectives ? Is the system reliable and fault - tolerant ? Does the system function according to the approved functional requirements ? In addition to evaluating the software that was released , it is important to assess the effectiveness of the development process . If there are any aspects of | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_4 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach involves several key steps. It begins with the investigation phase, where the organization's objectives and specific problems are thoroughly examined. This may involve interviewing employees, clients, suppliers, and consultants, as well as studying what competitors are doing. The next phase is analysis, which includes systems analysis and requirements definition. This step defines project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application, gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems, and recommending improvements to the system. It also involves analyzing end-user information needs and removing any inconsistencies and incompleteness in these requirements.
Following analysis is the design phase, which describes desired features and operations in detail, including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudocode, and other documentation. The subsequent phase is the development phase, where the real code is written. This is followed by integration and testing, which brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment and checks for errors, bugs, and interoperability.
The next phase is acceptance, installation, and deployment, which is the final stage of initial development. During this phase, the software is put into production and runs actual business. Maintenance is the next phase, where the system is assessed to ensure it does not become obsolete, and changes are made to the initial software. Finally, the evaluation phase involves assessing the system that was developed, as well as the entire process. This includes evaluating whether the newly implemented system meets the initial business requirements and objectives, if the system is reliable and fault-tolerant, and if the system functions according to the approved functional requirements.
In summary, the correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This sequence ensures that the development process is thorough and effective, leading to the successful implementation of new systems. |
is important to assess the effectiveness of the development process . If there are any aspects of the entire process , or certain stages , that management is not satisfied with , this is the time to improve . Evaluation and assessment is a difficult issue . However , the company must reflect on the process and address weaknesses . Disposal : In this phase , plans are developed for discarding system information , hardware and software in making the transition to a new system . The purpose here is to properly move , archive , discard or destroy information , hardware and software that is being replaced , in a manner that prevents any possibility of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data . The disposal activities ensure proper migration to a new system . Particular emphasis is given to proper preservation and archival of data processed by the previous system . All of this should be done in accordance with the organization 's security requirements . In the following diagram , these stages of the systems development life cycle are divided in ten steps from definition to creation and modification of IT work products : A ten - phase version of the systems development life cycle Not every project will require that the phases be sequentially executed . However , the phases are interdependent . Depending upon the size and complexity of the project , phases may be combined or may overlap . System investigation ( edit ) The system investigates the IT proposal . During this step , we must consider all current priorities that would be affected and how they should be handled . Before any system planning is done , a feasibility study should be conducted to determine if creating a new or improved system is a viable solution . This will help to determine the costs , benefits , resource requirements , and specific user needs required for completion . The development process can only continue once management approves of the recommendations from the feasibility study . Following are different components of the feasibility study : Operational feasibility Economic feasibility Technical feasibility Human factors feasibility Legal / Political feasibility System analysis ( edit ) The goal of system analysis is to determine where the problem is , in an attempt to fix the system . This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces to analyze the situation , analyzing project goals , breaking down what needs to be created and attempting to engage users so that definite requirements can be defined . Design ( edit ) In systems design , the design functions and operations are described in detail , including screen layouts , business rules , process diagrams and other documentation . The output of this stage will describe the new system as a collection of modules or subsystems . The | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_5 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach is an important aspect of the development process. The phases are interdependent and may be combined or overlap depending on the size and complexity of the project. The ten phases of the systems development life cycle are system investigation, system analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. During the system investigation phase, a feasibility study is conducted to determine if creating a new or improved system is a viable solution. The system analysis phase involves breaking down the system into different pieces to analyze the situation and engage users to define definite requirements. In the design phase, the design functions and operations are described in detail, including screen layouts, business rules, and process diagrams. The correct sequence of these phases is crucial for the effectiveness of the development process. |
of this stage will describe the new system as a collection of modules or subsystems . The design stage takes as its initial input the requirements identified in the approved requirements document . For each requirement , a set of one or more design elements will be produced as a result of interviews , workshops , and / or prototype efforts . Design elements describe the desired system features in detail , and generally include functional hierarchy diagrams , screen layout diagrams , tables of business rules , business process diagrams , pseudo-code , and a complete entity - relationship diagram with a full data dictionary . These design elements are intended to describe the system in sufficient detail , such that skilled developers and engineers may develop and deliver the system with minimal additional input design . Environments ( edit ) Environments are controlled areas where systems developers can build , distribute , install , configure , test , and execute systems that move through the SDLC . Each environment is aligned with different areas of the SDLC and is intended to have specific purposes . Examples of such environments include the : Development environment , where developers can work independently of each other before trying to merge their work with the work of others , Common build environment , where merged work can be built , together , as a combined system , Systems integration testing environment , where basic testing of a system 's integration points to other upstream or downstream systems can be tested , User acceptance testing environment , where business stakeholders can test against their original business requirements , Production environment , where systems finally get deployed to , for final use by their intended end users . Testing ( edit ) The code is tested at various levels in software testing . Unit , system and user acceptance testings are often performed . This is a grey area as many different opinions exist as to what the stages of testing are and how much , if any iteration occurs . Iteration is not generally part of the waterfall model , but the means to rectify defects and validate fixes prior to deployment is incorporated into this phase . The following are types of testing that may be relevant , depending on the type of system under development : Defect testing the failed scenarios , including defect tracking Path testing Data set testing Unit testing System testing Integration testing Black - box testing White - box testing Regression testing Automation testing User acceptance testing Software performance testing Training and transition ( edit ) Once a system has been stabilized through adequate testing , the SDLC | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_6 | false | The design stage of the systems approach involves creating a new system as a collection of modules or subsystems based on the requirements identified in the approved requirements document. Design elements are produced for each requirement, describing the desired system features in detail. Environments are controlled areas where systems developers can build, distribute, install, configure, test, and execute systems that move through the SDLC. Testing is an important part of the process, with various levels of testing being performed. Once a system has been stabilized through adequate testing, the SDLC moves into the training and transition phase. |
transition ( edit ) Once a system has been stabilized through adequate testing , the SDLC ensures that proper training on the system is performed or documented before transitioning the system to its support staff and end users . Training usually covers operational training for those people who will be responsible for supporting the system as well as training for those end users who will be using the system after its delivery to a production operating environment . After training has been successfully completed , systems engineers and developers transition the system to its final production environment , where it is intended to be used by its end users and supported by its support and operations staff . Operations and maintenance ( edit ) The deployment of the system includes changes and enhancements before the decommissioning or sunset of the system . Maintaining the system is an important aspect of SDLC . As key personnel change positions in the organization , new changes will be implemented . There are two approaches to system development ; there is the traditional approach ( structured ) and object oriented . Information Engineering includes the traditional system approach , which is also called the structured analysis and design technique . The object oriented approach views the information system as a collection of objects that are integrated with each other to make a full and complete information system . Evaluation ( edit ) The final phase of the SDLC is to measure the effectiveness of the system and evaluate potential enhancements . Systems analysis and design ( edit ) The systems analysis and design ( SAD ) is the process of developing information systems ( IS ) that effectively use hardware , software , data , processes , and people to support the company 's businesses objectives . System analysis and design can be considered the meta - development activity , which serves to set the stage and bound the problem . SAD can be leveraged to set the correct balance among competing high - level requirements in the functional and non-functional analysis domains . System analysis and design interacts strongly with distributed enterprise architecture , enterprise I.T. Architecture , and business architecture , and relies heavily on concepts such as partitioning , interfaces , personae and roles , and deployment / operational modeling to arrive at a high - level system description . This high level description is then further broken down into the components and modules which can be analyzed , designed , and constructed separately and integrated to accomplish the business goal . SDLC and SAD are cornerstones of full life cycle product and system planning . Object - oriented analysis ( edit ) Object - oriented analysis ( OOA ) is the process of analyzing a task ( also known as a problem domain ) , to develop a conceptual model that can then | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_7 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This sequence ensures that the system is properly developed, tested, and implemented before transitioning to its final production environment. The systems analysis and design (SAD) is a crucial part of this process, as it involves developing information systems that effectively use hardware, software, data, processes, and people to support the company's business objectives. The SAD process interacts strongly with distributed enterprise architecture, enterprise I.T. architecture, and business architecture, and relies heavily on concepts such as partitioning, interfaces, personae and roles, and deployment/operational modeling to arrive at a high-level system description. The object-oriented analysis (OOA) is also an important part of the process, as it involves analyzing a task to develop a conceptual model that can then be used to build and implement the system. The SDLC and SAD are cornerstones of full life cycle product and system planning, ensuring that the system is effectively developed, tested, and implemented before transitioning to its final production environment. |
analyzing a task ( also known as a problem domain ) , to develop a conceptual model that can then be used to complete the task . A typical OOA model would describe computer software that could be used to satisfy a set of customer - defined requirements . During the analysis phase of problem - solving , a programmer might consider a written requirements statement , a formal vision document , or interviews with stakeholders or other interested parties . The task to be addressed might be divided into several subtasks ( or domains ) , each representing a different business , technological , or other areas of interest . Each subtask would be analyzed separately . Implementation constraints , ( e.g. , concurrency , distribution , persistence , or how the system is to be built ) are not considered during the analysis phase ; rather , they are addressed during object - oriented design ( OOD ) . The conceptual model that results from OOA will typically consist of a set of use cases , one or more UML class diagrams , and a number of interaction diagrams . It may also include some kind of user interface mock - up . The input for object - oriented design is provided by the output of object - oriented analysis . Realize that an output artifact does not need to be completely developed to serve as input of object - oriented design ; analysis and design may occur in parallel , and in practice the results of one activity can feed the other in a short feedback cycle through an iterative process . Both analysis and design can be performed incrementally , and the artifacts can be continuously grown instead of completely developed in one shot . Some typical ( but common to all types of design analysis ) input artifacts for object - oriented : Conceptual model : Conceptual model is the result of object - oriented analysis , it captures concepts in the problem domain . The conceptual model is explicitly chosen to be independent of implementation details , such as concurrency or data storage . Use case : Use case is a description of sequences of events that , taken together , lead to a system doing something useful . Each use case provides one or more scenarios that convey how the system should interact with the users called actors to achieve a specific business goal or function . Use case actors may be end users or other systems . In many circumstances use cases are further elaborated into use case diagrams . Use case diagrams are used to identify the actor ( users or other systems ) and the processes they perform . System Sequence Diagram : System Sequence diagram ( SSD ) is a picture that shows , for a particular scenario of a use case , the events that external actors generate , their order , and possible inter-system events . User interface documentations ( if applicable ) : Document that shows and describes the look and feel of the end product 's user interface . It is not mandatory to | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_8 | false | Object-oriented analysis (OOA) is the process of analyzing a task or problem domain to develop a conceptual model that can be used to complete the task. This model is typically used to describe computer software that satisfies a set of customer-defined requirements. During the analysis phase, a programmer might consider a written requirements statement, a formal vision document, or interviews with stakeholders or other interested parties. The task to be addressed might be divided into several subtasks, each representing a different business, technological, or other areas of interest, and each subtask would be analyzed separately.
The conceptual model that results from OOA typically consists of a set of use cases, one or more UML class diagrams, and a number of interaction diagrams. It may also include some kind of user interface mock-up. The input for object-oriented design (OOD) is provided by the output of object-oriented analysis. Both analysis and design can be performed incrementally, and the artifacts can be continuously grown instead of completely developed in one shot.
Some typical input artifacts for object-oriented design include the conceptual model, use cases, system sequence diagrams, and user interface documentations (if applicable). The conceptual model captures concepts in the problem domain and is explicitly chosen to be independent of implementation details, such as concurrency or data storage. Use cases describe sequences of events that lead to a system doing something useful, and system sequence diagrams show the events that external actors generate for a particular scenario of a use case.
In summary, the correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This approach ensures that the development and implementation of computer software are carried out in a systematic and efficient manner. |
shows and describes the look and feel of the end product 's user interface . It is not mandatory to have this , but it helps to visualize the end - product and therefore helps the designer . Relational data model ( if applicable ) : A data model is an abstract model that describes how data is represented and used . If an object database is not used , the relational data model should usually be created before the design , since the strategy chosen for object - relational mapping is an output of the OO design process . However , it is possible to develop the relational data model and the object - oriented design artifacts in parallel , and the growth of an artifact can stimulate the refinement of other artifacts . Life cycle ( edit ) Management and control ( edit ) SPIU phases related to management controls The SDLC phases serve as a programmatic guide to project activity and provide a flexible but consistent way to conduct projects to a depth matching the scope of the project . Each of the SDLC phase objectives are described in this section with key deliverables , a description of recommended tasks , and a summary of related control objectives for effective management . It is critical for the project manager to establish and monitor control objectives during each SDLC phase while executing projects . Control objectives help to provide a clear statement of the desired result or purpose and should be used throughout the entire SDLC process . Control objectives can be grouped into major categories ( domains ) , and relate to the SDLC phases as shown in the figure . To manage and control any SDLC initiative , each project will be required to establish some degree of a work breakdown structure ( WBS ) to capture and schedule the work necessary to complete the project . The WBS and all programmatic material should be kept in the `` project description '' section of the project notebook . The WBS format is mostly left to the project manager to establish in a way that best describes the project work . There are some key areas that must be defined in the WBS as part of the SDLC policy . The following diagram describes three key areas that will be addressed in the WBS in a manner established by the project manager . The diagram shows coverage spans numerous phases of the SDLC but the associated MCD has a subset of primary mappings to the SDLC phases . For example , Analysis and Design is primarily performed as part of the Acquisition and Implementation Domain and System Build and Prototype is primarily performed as part of delivery and support . Work breakdown structured organization ( edit ) Work breakdown structure The upper section of the work breakdown structure ( WBS ) should identify the major phases and milestones of the project in a summary fashion . In addition , the upper section should provide an overview of the full scope and timeline of the project and will | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_9 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of systems approach is as follows: investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. These phases serve as a programmatic guide to project activity and provide a flexible but consistent way to conduct projects to a depth matching the scope of the project. Each of the SDLC phase objectives are described in this section with key deliverables, a description of recommended tasks, and a summary of related control objectives for effective management. It is critical for the project manager to establish and monitor control objectives during each SDLC phase while executing projects. Control objectives help to provide a clear statement of the desired result or purpose and should be used throughout the entire SDLC process. Control objectives can be grouped into major categories (domains), and relate to the SDLC phases as shown in the figure. To manage and control any SDLC initiative, each project will be required to establish some degree of a work breakdown structure (WBS) to capture and schedule the work necessary to complete the project. The WBS and all programmatic material should be kept in the "project description" section of the project notebook. The WBS format is mostly left to the project manager to establish in a way that best describes the project work. There are some key areas that must be defined in the WBS as part of the SDLC policy. The following diagram describes three key areas that will be addressed in the WBS in a manner established by the project manager. The diagram shows coverage spans numerous phases of the SDLC but the associated MCD has a subset of primary mappings to the SDLC phases. For example, Analysis and Design is primarily performed as part of the Acquisition and Implementation Domain and System Build and Prototype is primarily performed as part of delivery and support. |
the upper section should provide an overview of the full scope and timeline of the project and will be part of the initial project description effort leading to project approval . The middle section of the WBS is based on the seven systems development life cycle phases as a guide for WBS task development . The WBS elements should consist of milestones and `` tasks '' as opposed to `` activities '' and have a definitive period ( usually two weeks or more ) . Each task must have a measurable output ( e.x. document , decision , or analysis ) . A WBS task may rely on one or more activities ( e.g. software engineering , systems engineering ) and may require close coordination with other tasks , either internal or external to the project . Any part of the project needing support from contractors should have a statement of work ( SOW ) written to include the appropriate tasks from the SDLC phases . The development of a SOW does not occur during a specific phase of SDLC but is developed to include the work from the SDLC process that may be conducted by external resources such as contractors . Baselines ( edit ) Baselines are an important part of the systems development life cycle . These baselines are established after four of the five phases of the SDLC and are critical to the iterative nature of the model . Each baseline is considered as a milestone in the SDLC . functional baseline : established after the conceptual design phase . allocated baseline : established after the preliminary design phase . product baseline : established after the detail design and development phase . updated product baseline : established after the production construction phase . Complementary methodologies ( edit ) Complementary software development methods to systems development life cycle are : Software prototyping Joint applications development ( JAD ) Rapid application development ( RAD ) Extreme programming ( XP ) ; Open - source development End - user development Object - oriented programming Comparison of Methodology Approaches ( Post , & Anderson 2006 ) SDLC RAD Open source Objects JAD Prototyping End User Control Formal MIS Weak Standards Joint User User Time frame Long Short Medium Any Medium Short Short -- Users Many Few Few Varies Few One or two One MIS staff Many Few Hundreds Split Few One or two | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_10 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. These phases are an important part of the systems development life cycle and are critical to the iterative nature of the model. Each phase is considered as a milestone in the SDLC and is part of the initial project description effort leading to project approval. The middle section of the WBS is based on the seven systems development life cycle phases as a guide for WBS task development. The WBS elements should consist of milestones and tasks as opposed to activities and have a definitive period. Each task must have a measurable output and may rely on one or more activities and may require close coordination with other tasks, either internal or external to the project. Any part of the project needing support from contractors should have a statement of work (SOW) written to include the appropriate tasks from the SDLC phases. The development of a SOW does not occur during a specific phase of SDLC but is developed to include the work from the SDLC process that may be conducted by external resources such as contractors. Baselines are established after four of the five phases of the SDLC and are critical to the iterative nature of the model. Each baseline is considered as a milestone in the SDLC and includes the functional baseline, allocated baseline, product baseline, and updated product baseline. Complementary software development methods to systems development life cycle are also important to consider, including software prototyping, joint applications development (JAD), rapid application development (RAD), extreme programming (XP), open-source development, end-user development, and object-oriented programming. These complementary methodologies offer different approaches in terms of control, time frame, users, and MIS staff. |
Many Few Hundreds Split Few One or two None Transaction / DSS Transaction Both Both Both DSS DSS DSS Interface Minimal Minimal Weak Windows Crucial Crucial Crucial Documentation and training Vital Limited Internal In Objects Limited Weak None Integrity and security Vital Vital Unknown In Objects Limited Weak Weak Reusability Limited Some Maybe Vital Limited Weak None Strengths and weaknesses ( edit ) Few people in the modern computing world would use a strict waterfall model for their SDLC as many modern methodologies have superseded this thinking . Some will argue that the SDLC no longer applies to models like Agile computing , but it is still a term widely in use in technology circles . The SDLC practice has advantages in traditional models of systems development that lends itself more to a structured environment . The disadvantages to using the SDLC methodology is when there is need for iterative development or ( i.e. web development or e-commerce ) where stakeholders need to review on a regular basis the software being designed . Instead of viewing SDLC from a strength or weakness perspective , it is far more important to take the best practices from the SDLC model and apply it to whatever may be most appropriate for the software being designed . A comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of SDLC : Strength and Weaknesses of SDLC Strengths Weaknesses Control Increased development time Monitor large projects Increased development cost Detailed steps Systems must be defined up front Evaluate costs and completion targets Rigidity Documentation Hard to estimate costs , project overruns Well defined user input User input is sometimes limited Ease of maintenance Development and design standards Tolerates changes in MIS staffing An alternative to the SDLC is rapid application development , which combines prototyping , joint application development and implementation of CASE tools . The advantages of RAD are speed , reduced development cost , and active user involvement in the development process . See also ( edit ) | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_11 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This sequence is vital in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) and is crucial for the successful development and implementation of software. While there are strengths and weaknesses to the SDLC methodology, it is important to take the best practices from the model and apply them to the specific software being designed. The SDLC practice has advantages in traditional models of systems development, but it may not be suitable for iterative development or web development where stakeholders need to review the software on a regular basis. An alternative to the SDLC is rapid application development, which offers advantages such as speed, reduced development cost, and active user involvement in the development process. Many modern methodologies have superseded the strict waterfall model of the SDLC, but the term is still widely used in technology circles. It is important to consider the strengths and weaknesses of the SDLC and apply the best practices to the specific software being designed. |
cost , and active user involvement in the development process . See also ( edit ) Application lifecycle management Decision cycle IPO Model Software development methodologies System lifecycle References ( edit ) Jump up ^ SELECTING A DEVELOPMENT APPROACH . Retrieved 17 July 2014 . Jump up ^ Parag C. Pendharkara ; James A. Rodgerb ; Girish H. Subramanian ( November 2008 ) . `` An empirical study of the Cobb -- Douglas production function properties of software development effort '' . Information and Software Technology . 50 ( 12 ) : 1181 -- 1188 . doi : 10.1016 / j. infsof. 2007.10. 019 . Jump up ^ `` Systems Development Life Cycle from '' . FOLDOC . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 14 . Jump up ^ Software Development Life Cycle ( SDLC ) , PowerPoint -- Powered by Google Docs Jump up ^ James Taylor ( 2004 ) . Managing Information Technology Projects . p. 39 . ^ Jump up to : Geoffrey Elliott & Josh Strachan ( 2004 ) Global Business Information Technology . p. 87 . Jump up ^ Kay , Russell ( May 14 , 2002 ) . `` QuickStudy : System Development Life Cycle '' . ComputerWorld . Jump up ^ Control and Audit , Information Systems . SDLC ( August 2013 ed . ) . Chapter 5 : Institute of Chartered Accountants of India . p. 5.28 . access - date = requires url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Radack , S. ( n.d. ) . `` The system development life cycle ( SDLC ) '' ( PDF ) . National Institute of Standards and Technology . ^ Jump up to : US Department of Justice ( 2003 ) . INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Chapter 1 . Introduction . Jump up ^ Marakas , James A. O'Brien , George M. ( 2010 ) . Management information systems ( 10th ed . ) . New York : McGraw - Hill / Irwin . pp. 485 -- 489 . ISBN 0073376817 . ^ Jump up to : U.S. House of Representatives ( 1999 ) . Systems Development Life - Cycle Policy . p. 13 . Jump up ^ Blanchard , B.S. , & Fabrycky , W.J. ( 2006 ) Systems engineering and analysis ( 4th ed . ) New Jersey : Prentice Hall . p. 31 ^ Jump up to : Post , G. , & Anderson , D. , ( 2006 ) . Management information systems : Solving business problems with information technology . ( 4th ed . ) . New York : McGraw - Hill Irwin . Further reading ( edit ) Cummings , Haag ( 2006 ) . Management Information Systems for the Information Age . Toronto , McGraw - Hill Ryerson Beynon - Davies P. ( 2009 ) . Business Information Systems . Palgrave , Basingstoke . ISBN 978 - 0 - 230 - 20368 - 6 Computer World , 2002 , Retrieved on June 22 , 2006 from the World Wide Web : Management Information Systems , 2005 , Retrieved on June 22 , 2006 from the World Wide Web : This article is based on material taken from the Free On - line Dictionary of Computing prior to 1 November 2008 and | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_12 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. This approach involves cost and active user involvement in the development process. The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is an important aspect of this approach, and it is essential for managing information technology projects. The SDLC is a process used by a systems analyst to develop an information system, including the planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance stages. It is important to understand the properties of software development effort and the decision cycle in order to effectively implement the systems approach. The correct sequence of phases is crucial for the successful development and implementation of information systems. Further reading on this topic includes Management Information Systems for the Information Age and Business Information Systems. |
on material taken from the Free On - line Dictionary of Computing prior to 1 November 2008 and incorporated under the `` relicensing '' terms of the GFDL , version 1.3 or later . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Systems Development Life Cycle . The Agile System Development Lifecycle Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation -- Information Technology Solutions Lifecycle Methodology FSA Life Cycle Framework HHS Enterprise Performance Life Cycle Framework The Open Systems Development Life Cycle System Development Life Cycle Evolution Modeling Zero Deviation Life Cycle Integrated Defense AT&L Life Cycle Management Chart , the U.S. DoD form of this concept . Software engineering Fields Computer programming Requirements engineering Software deployment Software design Software maintenance Software testing Systems analysis Formal methods Concepts Data modeling Enterprise architecture Functional specification Modeling language Orthogonality Programming paradigm Software Software archaeology Software architecture Software configuration management Software development methodology Software development process Software quality Software quality assurance Software verification and validation Structured analysis Orientations Agile Aspect - oriented Object orientation Ontology Service orientation SDLC Models Developmental Agile EUP Executable UML Incremental model Iterative model Prototype model RAD UP Scrum Spiral model V - Model Waterfall model XP Other SPICE CMMI Data model ER model Function model Information model Metamodeling Object model Systems model View model Languages IDEF UML USL SysML Software engineers Victor Basili Kent Beck Grady Booch Fred Brooks Barry Boehm | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_13 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. These phases are essential in the development of a system and ensure that it is properly designed, tested, and maintained. The systems approach involves a structured methodology that guides the development process and ensures that all necessary steps are taken to create a successful system. This approach is widely used in software engineering and other fields that require the development of complex systems. |
Kent Beck Grady Booch Fred Brooks Barry Boehm Peter Chen Danese Cooper Ward Cunningham Tom DeMarco Edsger W. Dijkstra Delores M. Etter Martin Fowler Adele Goldstine Margaret Hamilton C.A.R. Hoare Lois Haibt Mary Jean Harrold Grace Hopper Watts Humphrey Michael A. Jackson Ivar Jacobson Alan Kay Nancy Leveson Stephen J. Mellor Bertrand Meyer David Parnas Trygve Reenskaug Winston W. Royce James Rumbaugh Mary Shaw Peri Tarr Elaine Weyuker Niklaus Wirth Edward Yourdon Related fields Computer science Computer engineering Project management Risk management Systems engineering Category Commons Systems engineering Subfields Aerospace engineering Biological systems engineering Configuration management Earth systems engineering and management Electrical engineering Enterprise systems engineering Performance engineering Reliability engineering Safety engineering Processes Requirements engineering Functional specification System integration Verification and validation Design review Concepts Business process System System lifecycle V - Model Systems development life cycle Tools Decision - making Function modelling IDEF Optimization Quality function deployment System dynamics Systems Modeling Language Systems analysis Systems modeling Work breakdown structure People James S. Albus Ruzena Bajcsy Benjamin S. Blanchard Wernher von Braun Kathleen Carley Harold Chestnut Wolt Fabrycky Barbara Grosz Arthur David Hall III Derek Hitchins Robert E. Machol Radhika Nagpal Simon Ramo Joseph Francis Shea Katia Sycara Manuela M. Veloso John N. Warfield Related fields Control engineering | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_14 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. These phases are essential in the field of systems engineering, which is related to various fields such as computer science, computer engineering, project management, risk management, and systems engineering. The concepts and tools involved in the systems approach include business process, system lifecycle, V-Model, systems development life cycle, decision-making, function modeling, IDEF, optimization, quality function deployment, system dynamics, systems modeling language, systems analysis, systems modeling, and work breakdown structure. Additionally, the people who have made significant contributions to the field of systems engineering include Kent Beck, Grady Booch, Fred Brooks, Barry Boehm, Peter Chen, Danese Cooper, Ward Cunningham, Tom DeMarco, Edsger W. Dijkstra, Delores M. Etter, Martin Fowler, Adele Goldstine, Margaret Hamilton, C.A.R. Hoare, Lois Haibt, Mary Jean Harrold, Grace Hopper, Watts Humphrey, Michael A. Jackson, Ivar Jacobson, Alan Kay, Nancy Leveson, Stephen J. Mellor, Bertrand Meyer, David Parnas, Trygve Reenskaug, Winston W. Royce, James Rumbaugh, Mary Shaw, Peri Tarr, Elaine Weyuker, Niklaus Wirth, and Edward Yourdon. The related fields and subfields of systems engineering include aerospace engineering, biological systems engineering, configuration management, earth systems engineering and management, electrical engineering, enterprise systems engineering, performance engineering, reliability engineering, safety engineering, and control engineering. The processes, concepts, and tools involved in systems engineering are crucial for the successful implementation of the systems approach in various domains. |
Related fields Control engineering Computer engineering Industrial engineering Operations research Project management Quality management Risk management Software engineering Category Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 '' Categories : Systems engineering Computing terminology Software development process Software engineering Hidden categories : Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December 2009 Articles needing cleanup from July 2015 All pages needing cleanup Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from July 2015 Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from July 2015 Articles needing additional references from September 2010 All articles needing additional references Talk Contents About Wikipedia Tools Languages Čeština Español Esperanto فارسی Français 한국어 हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia Nederlands 日本 語 Português Русский Svenska தமிழ் ไทย Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 20 February 2018 , at 14 : 10 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 126,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 426,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 569,
"start_token": 426,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 633,
"start_token": 569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 667,
"start_token": 633,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1015,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1097,
"start_token": 1015,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1166,
"start_token": 1103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1104,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1217,
"start_token": 1166,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1167,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1262,
"start_token": 1217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1388,
"start_token": 1262,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1423,
"start_token": 1388,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1422,
"start_token": 1389,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1588,
"start_token": 1423,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1587,
"start_token": 1424,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1586,
"start_token": 1425,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1501,
"start_token": 1426,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1577,
"start_token": 1501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1585,
"start_token": 1577,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1647,
"start_token": 1588,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1646,
"start_token": 1589,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1748,
"start_token": 1647,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1747,
"start_token": 1648,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1746,
"start_token": 1659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1681,
"start_token": 1660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1717,
"start_token": 1681,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1745,
"start_token": 1717,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2175,
"start_token": 1748,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1777,
"start_token": 1749,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1788,
"start_token": 1777,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1814,
"start_token": 1788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1841,
"start_token": 1814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1889,
"start_token": 1841,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2066,
"start_token": 1889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2174,
"start_token": 2066,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2206,
"start_token": 2175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2256,
"start_token": 2217,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2358,
"start_token": 2263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2369,
"start_token": 2358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2394,
"start_token": 2369,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2387,
"start_token": 2382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2393,
"start_token": 2387,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2463,
"start_token": 2401,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2469,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2564,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2642,
"start_token": 2564,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2702,
"start_token": 2648,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2702,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2728,
"start_token": 2703,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2748,
"start_token": 2728,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2774,
"start_token": 2748,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2792,
"start_token": 2774,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2813,
"start_token": 2792,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2899,
"start_token": 2820,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2899,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2985,
"start_token": 2921,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2933,
"start_token": 2922,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2942,
"start_token": 2937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2960,
"start_token": 2954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2966,
"start_token": 2960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2979,
"start_token": 2974,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2984,
"start_token": 2979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3030,
"start_token": 2993,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3071,
"start_token": 3030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3113,
"start_token": 3071,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3233,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3260,
"start_token": 3239,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3452,
"start_token": 3269,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3635,
"start_token": 3461,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3681,
"start_token": 3635,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3777,
"start_token": 3681,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3798,
"start_token": 3777,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4136,
"start_token": 3798,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3843,
"start_token": 3799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3944,
"start_token": 3843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3986,
"start_token": 3944,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4036,
"start_token": 3986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4135,
"start_token": 4036,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4291,
"start_token": 4157,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4373,
"start_token": 4291,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4474,
"start_token": 4373,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4719,
"start_token": 4486,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4774,
"start_token": 4725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4827,
"start_token": 4774,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4787,
"start_token": 4775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4799,
"start_token": 4787,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4813,
"start_token": 4799,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4826,
"start_token": 4813,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4847,
"start_token": 4834,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4895,
"start_token": 4847,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4860,
"start_token": 4852,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4868,
"start_token": 4860,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4876,
"start_token": 4868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4882,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4888,
"start_token": 4882,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4894,
"start_token": 4888,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5186,
"start_token": 4895,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4934,
"start_token": 4907,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4960,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4990,
"start_token": 4960,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5018,
"start_token": 4990,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5047,
"start_token": 5018,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5075,
"start_token": 5047,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5101,
"start_token": 5075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5130,
"start_token": 5101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5159,
"start_token": 5130,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5185,
"start_token": 5159,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5194,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5474,
"start_token": 5358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5372,
"start_token": 5364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5394,
"start_token": 5382,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5408,
"start_token": 5394,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5420,
"start_token": 5408,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5434,
"start_token": 5420,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5434,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5456,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5464,
"start_token": 5456,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5473,
"start_token": 5464,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5519,
"start_token": 5474,
"top_level": true
}
] | correct sequence of various phases of systems approach | [
{
"annotation_id": 2485101403464540700,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 5,
"end_token": 922,
"start_token": 667
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 717,
"start_token": 701
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Systems_development_life_cycle&oldid=826688558 | -6,032,333,548,423,809,000 | <P> The SDLC is not a methodology per se , but rather a description of the phases in the life cycle of a software application . These phases ( broadly speaking ) are , investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support . All software development methodologies ( such as the more commonly known waterfall and scrum methodologies ) follow the SDLC phases but the method of doing that varies vastly between methodologies . In the Scrum methodology , for example , one could say a single user story goes through all the phases of the SDLC within a single two - week sprint . Contrast this to the waterfall methodology , as another example , where every business requirement ( recorded in the analysis phase of the SDLC in a document called the Business Requirements Specification ) is translated into feature / functional descriptions ( recorded in the design phase in a document called the Functional Specification ) which are then all built in one go as a collection of solution features typically over a period of three to nine months , or more . These methodologies are obviously quite different approaches yet , they both contain the SDLC phases in which a requirement is born , then travels through the life cycle phases ending in the final phase of maintenance and support , after - which ( typically ) the whole life cycle starts again for a subsequent version of the software application . </P> | investigation , analysis , design , build , test , implement , and maintenance and support | -6032333548423809390_15 | false | The correct sequence of various phases of the systems approach includes investigation, analysis, design, build, test, implement, and maintenance and support. These phases are essential in the systems development life cycle and are crucial in ensuring the successful development and implementation of various systems. The systems approach is related to various fields such as control engineering, computer engineering, industrial engineering, operations research, project management, quality management, risk management, and software engineering. It is an important aspect of systems engineering and computing terminology, and it plays a significant role in the software development process. The phases of the systems approach are integral in ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of systems development and implementation. |
Fluorescence - wikipedia Fluorescence Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with Inflorescence . For the album by Asobi Seksu , see Fluorescence ( album ) . Fluorescent minerals emit visible light when exposed to ultraviolet light . Biofluorescent marine organisms Willemite and calcite in UV light Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . Fluorescence has many practical applications , including mineralogy , gemology , medicine , chemical sensors ( fluorescence spectroscopy ) , fluorescent labelling , dyes , biological detectors , cosmic - ray detection , and , most commonly , fluorescent lamps . Fluorescence also occurs frequently in nature in some minerals and in various biological states in many branches of the animal kingdom . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 2 Physical principles 2.1 Photochemistry 2.2 Quantum yield 2.3 Lifetime 2.4 Jablonski diagram 2.5 Fluorescence anisotropy 2.6 Fluorence 3 Rules 3.1 Kasha 's rule 3.2 Mirror image rule 3.3 Stokes shift 4 Fluorescence in nature 4.1 Biofluorescence vs. bioluminescence vs. biophosphorescence 4.1. 1 Biofluorescence 4.1. 2 Bioluminescence 4.1. 3 Biophosphorescence 4.2 Mechanisms of biofluorescence 4.2. 1 Epidermal chromatophores 4.3 Phylogenetics 4.3. 1 Evolutionary origins 4.3. 2 Adaptive functions 4.4 Aquatic biofluorescence 4.4. 1 Photic zone 4.4. 1.1 Fish 4.4. 1.2 Coral 4.4. 1.3 Cephalopods 4.4. 1.4 Jellyfish 4.4. 1.5 Mantis shrimp 4.4. 2 Aphotic zone 4.4. 2.1 Siphonophores 4.4. 2.2 Dragonfish 4.5 Terrestrial biofluorescence 4.5. 1 Amphibians 4.5. 2 Butterflies 4.5. 3 Parrots 4.5. 4 Arachnids 4.5. 5 Plants 4.6 Abiotic fluorescence 4.6. 1 Gemology , mineralogy and geology 4.6. 2 Organic liquids | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_1 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light. Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops, unlike phosphorescence, where they continue to emit light for some time after.
Fluorescence has many practical applications, including mineralogy, gemology, medicine, chemical sensors (fluorescence spectroscopy), fluorescent labeling, dyes, biological detectors, cosmic-ray detection, and, most commonly, fluorescent lamps. Fluorescence also occurs frequently in nature in some minerals and in various biological states in many branches of the animal kingdom. |
4.6. 1 Gemology , mineralogy and geology 4.6. 2 Organic liquids 4.6. 3 Atmosphere 4.6. 4 Common materials that fluoresce 5 Applications of fluorescence 5.1 Lighting 5.2 Analytical chemistry 5.3 Spectroscopy 5.4 Biochemistry and medicine 5.4. 1 Microscopy 5.4. 2 Other techniques 5.5 Forensics 5.6 Mechanical engineering 5.7 Signage 5.8 Optical brighteners 6 See also 7 References 8 Bibliography 9 External links History ( edit ) Lignum nephriticum cup made from the wood of the narra tree ( Pterocarpus indicus ) , and a flask containing its fluorescent solution Matlaline , the fluorescent substance in the wood of the tree Eysenhardtia polystachya An early observation of fluorescence was described in 1560 by Bernardino de Sahagún and in 1565 by Nicolás Monardes in the infusion known as lignum nephriticum ( Latin for `` kidney wood '' ) . It was derived from the wood of two tree species , Pterocarpus indicus and Eysenhardtia polystachya . The chemical compound responsible for this fluorescence is matlaline , which is the oxidation product of one of the flavonoids found in this wood . In 1819 , Edward D. Clarke and in 1822 René Just Haüy described fluorescence in fluorites , Sir David Brewster described the phenomenon for chlorophyll in 1833 and Sir John Herschel did the same for quinine in 1845 . In his 1852 paper on the `` Refrangibility '' ( wavelength change ) of light , George Gabriel Stokes described the ability of fluorspar and uranium glass to change invisible light beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum into blue light . He named this phenomenon fluorescence : `` I am almost inclined to coin a word , and call the appearance fluorescence , from fluor - spar ( i.e. , fluorite ) , as the analogous term opalescence is derived from the name of a mineral . '' The name was derived from the mineral fluorite ( calcium difluoride ) , some examples of which contain traces of divalent europium , which serves as the fluorescent activator to emit blue light . In a key experiment he used a prism to isolate ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and observed blue light emitted by an ethanol solution of quinine exposed by it . Physical principles ( edit ) Photochemistry ( edit ) Fluorescence occurs when an orbital electron of a molecule , atom , or nanostructure , relaxes to its ground state by emitting a photon from an excited singlet state : Excitation : S 0 + h ν e x → S 1 ( \ displaystyle S_ ( 0 ) + h \ nu _ ( ex ) \ to S_ ( 1 ) ) Fluorescence ( emission ) : S 1 → S 0 + h ν e m + h e a t ( \ displaystyle S_ ( 1 ) \ to S_ ( 0 ) + h \ nu _ ( em ) + heat ) Here h ν ( \ displaystyle h \ nu ) is a | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_2 | true | Fluorescence is a phenomenon that occurs when an orbital electron of a molecule, atom, or nanostructure relaxes to its ground state by emitting a photon from an excited singlet state. This process is known as excitation and fluorescence (emission). The emitted light is called fluorescent light. The name "fluorescence" was derived from the mineral fluorite, as some examples of fluorite contain traces of divalent europium, which serves as the fluorescent activator to emit blue light. George Gabriel Stokes, in his 1852 paper on the "Refrangibility" of light, coined the term "fluorescence" to describe this phenomenon. |
S_ ( 1 ) \ to S_ ( 0 ) + h \ nu _ ( em ) + heat ) Here h ν ( \ displaystyle h \ nu ) is a generic term for photon energy with h = Planck 's constant and ν ( \ displaystyle \ nu ) = frequency of light . The specific frequencies of exciting and emitted light are dependent on the particular system . S is called the ground state of the fluorophore ( fluorescent molecule ) , and S is its first ( electronically ) excited singlet state . A molecule in S can relax by various competing pathways . It can undergo non-radiative relaxation in which the excitation energy is dissipated as heat ( vibrations ) to the solvent . Excited organic molecules can also relax via conversion to a triplet state , which may subsequently relax via phosphorescence , or by a secondary non-radiative relaxation step . Relaxation from S can also occur through interaction with a second molecule through fluorescence quenching . Molecular oxygen ( O ) is an extremely efficient quencher of fluorescence just because of its unusual triplet ground state . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation ; this phenomenon is known as the Stokes shift . However , when the absorbed electromagnetic radiation is intense , it is possible for one electron to absorb two photons ; this two - photon absorption can lead to emission of radiation having a shorter wavelength than the absorbed radiation . The emitted radiation may also be of the same wavelength as the absorbed radiation , termed `` resonance fluorescence '' . Molecules that are excited through light absorption or via a different process ( e.g. as the product of a reaction ) can transfer energy to a second ' sensitized ' molecule , which is converted to its excited state and can then fluoresce . Quantum yield ( edit ) The fluorescence quantum yield gives the efficiency of the fluorescence process . It is defined as the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed . Φ = Number of photons emitted Number of photons absorbed ( \ displaystyle \ Phi = ( \ frac ( \ text ( Number of photons emitted ) ) ( \ text ( Number of photons absorbed ) ) ) ) The maximum possible fluorescence quantum yield is 1.0 ( 100 % ) ; each photon absorbed results in a photon emitted . Compounds with quantum yields of 0.10 are still considered quite fluorescent . Another way to define the quantum yield of fluorescence is by the rate of excited state decay : Φ = k f ∑ i k i ( \ displaystyle \ Phi = ( \ frac ( ( k ) _ ( f ) ) ( \ sum _ ( i ) ( k ) _ ( i ) ) ) ) where k f ( \ displaystyle ( k ) _ ( f ) ) is the rate constant of spontaneous emission of radiation and ∑ i k i ( \ displaystyle \ sum _ ( i ) ( k ) _ ( i ) ) is the sum of all rates of excited state decay . Other rates of excited state decay are | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_3 | true | Fluorescence is a process in which a molecule absorbs light energy and then emits it as light of a longer wavelength. This process occurs when a molecule in its ground state (S) is excited to its first electronically excited singlet state (S). The excited molecule can then relax through various pathways, including non-radiative relaxation, conversion to a triplet state, or interaction with a second molecule through fluorescence quenching. The emitted light typically has a longer wavelength and lower energy than the absorbed radiation, a phenomenon known as the Stokes shift. However, in some cases, intense electromagnetic radiation can lead to two-photon absorption and emission of radiation with a shorter wavelength.
Molecules that are excited through light absorption or other processes can transfer energy to a second 'sensitized' molecule, which can then fluoresce. The efficiency of the fluorescence process is measured by the fluorescence quantum yield, which is the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed. The maximum possible fluorescence quantum yield is 1.0 (100%), with compounds having quantum yields of 0.10 still considered quite fluorescent.
In summary, the process of giving out light is called fluorescence. |
is the sum of all rates of excited state decay . Other rates of excited state decay are caused by mechanisms other than photon emission and are , therefore , often called `` non-radiative rates '' , which can include : dynamic collisional quenching , near - field dipole - dipole interaction ( or resonance energy transfer ) , internal conversion , and intersystem crossing . Thus , if the rate of any pathway changes , both the excited state lifetime and the fluorescence quantum yield will be affected . Fluorescence quantum yields are measured by comparison to a standard . The quinine salt quinine sulfate in a sulfuric acid solution is a common fluorescence standard . Lifetime ( edit ) Jablonski diagram . After an electron absorbs a high - energy photon the system is excited electronically and vibrationally . The system relaxes vibrationally , and eventually fluoresces at a longer wavelength . The fluorescence lifetime refers to the average time the molecule stays in its excited state before emitting a photon . Fluorescence typically follows first - order kinetics : ( S 1 ) = ( S 1 ) 0 e − Γ t ( \ displaystyle \ left ( S_ ( 1 ) \ right ) = \ left ( S_ ( 1 ) \ right ) _ ( 0 ) e ^ ( - \ Gamma t ) ) where ( S 1 ) ( \ displaystyle \ left ( S_ ( 1 ) \ right ) ) is the concentration of excited state molecules at time t ( \ displaystyle t ) , ( S 1 ) 0 ( \ displaystyle \ left ( S_ ( 1 ) \ right ) _ ( 0 ) ) is the initial concentration and Γ ( \ displaystyle \ Gamma ) is the decay rate or the inverse of the fluorescence lifetime . This is an instance of exponential decay . Various radiative and non-radiative processes can de-populate the excited state . In such case the total decay rate is the sum over all rates : Γ t o t = Γ r a d + Γ n r a d ( \ displaystyle \ Gamma _ ( tot ) = \ Gamma _ ( rad ) + \ Gamma _ ( nrad ) ) where Γ t o t ( \ displaystyle \ Gamma _ ( tot ) ) is the total decay rate , Γ r a d ( \ displaystyle \ Gamma _ ( rad ) ) the radiative decay rate and Γ n r a d ( \ displaystyle \ Gamma _ ( nrad ) ) the non-radiative decay rate . It is similar to a first - order chemical reaction in which the first - order rate constant is the sum of all of the rates ( a parallel kinetic model ) . If the rate of spontaneous emission , or any of the other rates are fast , the lifetime is short . For commonly used fluorescent compounds , typical excited state decay times for photon emissions with energies from the UV to near infrared are within the range of 0.5 to 20 nanoseconds . The fluorescence lifetime is an important parameter for practical applications of fluorescence such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer and fluorescence - lifetime imaging microscopy . Jablonski diagram ( edit ) The Jablonski diagram describes most of the relaxation mechanisms for excited state molecules . The diagram alongside shows how fluorescence occurs | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_4 | true | Fluorescence is the process by which a substance gives out light. This occurs as a result of the sum of all rates of excited state decay. Other rates of excited state decay are caused by mechanisms other than photon emission and are often referred to as "non-radiative rates." These non-radiative rates can include dynamic collisional quenching, near-field dipole-dipole interaction, internal conversion, and intersystem crossing. If the rate of any pathway changes, both the excited state lifetime and the fluorescence quantum yield will be affected.
Fluorescence quantum yields are measured by comparison to a standard. The quinine salt quinine sulfate in a sulfuric acid solution is a common fluorescence standard. The fluorescence lifetime refers to the average time the molecule stays in its excited state before emitting a photon. Fluorescence typically follows first-order kinetics.
The Jablonski diagram describes most of the relaxation mechanisms for excited state molecules. The diagram shows how fluorescence occurs after an electron absorbs a high-energy photon, becomes excited electronically and vibrationally, relaxes vibrationally, and eventually fluoresces at a longer wavelength. The fluorescence lifetime is an important parameter for practical applications of fluorescence such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer and fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy.
In conclusion, something that gives out light is called fluorescent, and it is an important process in the field of fluorescence. |
mechanisms for excited state molecules . The diagram alongside shows how fluorescence occurs due to the relaxation of certain excited electrons of a molecule . Fluorescence anisotropy ( edit ) Fluorophores are more likely to be excited by photons if the transition moment of the fluorophore is parallel to the electric vector of the photon . The polarization of the emitted light will also depend on the transition moment . The transition moment is dependent on the physical orientation of the fluorophore molecule . For fluorophores in solution this means that the intensity and polarization of the emitted light is dependent on rotational diffusion . Therefore , anisotropy measurements can be used to investigate how freely a fluorescent molecule moves in a particular environment . Fluorescence anisotropy can be defined quantitatively as r = I ∥ − I ⊥ I ∥ + 2 I ⊥ ( \ displaystyle r = ( I_ ( \ parallel ) - I_ ( \ perp ) \ over I_ ( \ parallel ) + 2I_ ( \ perp ) ) ) where I ∥ ( \ displaystyle I_ ( \ parallel ) ) is the emitted intensity parallel to polarization of the excitation light and I ⊥ ( \ displaystyle I_ ( \ perp ) ) is the emitted intensity perpendicular to the polarization of the excitation light . Fluorence ( edit ) Strongly fluorescent pigments often have an unusual appearance which is often described colloquially as a `` neon color . '' This phenomenon was termed `` Farbenglut '' by Hermann von Helmholtz and `` fluorence '' by Ralph M. Evans . It is generally thought to be related to the high brightness of the color relative to what it would be as a component of white . Fluorescence shifts energy in the incident illumination from shorter wavelengths to longer ( such as blue to yellow ) and thus can make the fluorescent color appear brighter ( more saturated ) than it could possibly be by reflection alone . Rules ( edit ) There are several general rules that deal with fluorescence . Each of the following rules has exceptions but they are useful guidelines for understanding fluorescence ( these rules do not necessarily apply to two - photon absorption ) . Kasha 's rule ( edit ) Kasha 's rule dictates that the quantum yield of luminescence is independent of the wavelength of exciting radiation . This occurs because excited molecules usually decay to the lowest vibrational level of the excited state before fluorescence emission takes place . The Kasha -- Vavilov rule does not always apply and is violated severely in many simple molecules . A somewhat more reliable statement , although still with exceptions , would be that the fluorescence spectrum shows very little dependence on the wavelength of exciting radiation . Mirror image rule ( edit ) For many fluorophores the absorption spectrum is a mirror image of the emission spectrum . This is known as the mirror image rule and is related to the Franck -- | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_5 | true | Fluorescence is the process by which certain molecules emit light after being excited by photons. The emitted light's intensity and polarization depend on the physical orientation of the molecule, which can be investigated through anisotropy measurements. Fluorescent pigments are often described as having a "neon color" due to the phenomenon of "fluorence," which makes the color appear brighter and more saturated than it would be by reflection alone. There are general rules that deal with fluorescence, such as Kasha's rule, which dictates that the quantum yield of luminescence is independent of the wavelength of exciting radiation, and the mirror image rule, which states that the absorption spectrum is a mirror image of the emission spectrum for many fluorophores. |
of the emission spectrum . This is known as the mirror image rule and is related to the Franck -- Condon principle which states that electronic transitions are vertical , that is energy changes without distance changing as can be represented with a vertical line in Jablonski diagram . This means the nucleus does not move and the vibration levels of the excited state resemble the vibration levels of the ground state . Stokes shift ( edit ) Main article : Stokes shift In general , emitted fluorescence light has a longer wavelength and lower energy than the absorbed light . This phenomenon , known as Stokes shift , is due to energy loss between the time a photon is absorbed and when a new one is emitted . The causes and magnitude of Stokes shift can be complex and are dependent on the fluorophore and its environment . However , there are some common causes . It is frequently due to non-radiative decay to the lowest vibrational energy level of the excited state . Another factor is that the emission of fluorescence frequently leaves a fluorophore in a higher vibrational level of the ground state . Fluorescence in nature ( edit ) There are many natural compounds that exhibit fluorescence , and they have a number of applications . Some deep - sea animals , such as the greeneye , use fluorescence . Biofluorescence vs. bioluminescence vs. biophosphorescence ( edit ) Biofluorescence ( edit ) Biofluorescence is the absorption of electromagnetic wavelengths from the visible light spectrum by fluorescent proteins in a living organism , and the emission of light at a lower energy level . This causes the light that is emitted to be a different color than the light that is absorbed . Stimulating light excites an electron , raising energy to an unstable level . This instability is unfavorable , so the energized electron is returned to a stable state almost as immediately as it becomes unstable . This return to stability corresponds with the release of excess energy in the form of fluorescence light . This emission of light is only observable when the stimulant light is still providing light to the organism / object and is typically yellow , pink , orange , red , green , or purple . Biofluorescence is often confused with the following forms of biotic light , bioluminescence and biophosphorescence . Bioluminescence ( edit ) Bioluminescence differs from biofluorescence in that it is the natural production of light by chemical reactions within an organism , whereas biofluorescence is the absorption and reemission of light from the environment . Biophosphorescence ( edit ) Biophosphorescence is similar to biofluorescence in its requirement of light wavelengths as a provider of excitation energy . The difference here lies in the relative stability of the energized electron . Unlike with biofluorescence , here the electron retains stability , emitting light that continues to `` glow - in - | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_6 | true | Fluorescence is the process of a substance absorbing electromagnetic wavelengths from the visible light spectrum and emitting light at a lower energy level. This phenomenon causes the emitted light to be a different color than the absorbed light, and is known as fluorescence. When a substance gives out light in this way, it is referred to as fluorescent. This process is often observed in natural compounds and living organisms, and can result in the emission of light in various colors such as yellow, pink, orange, red, green, or purple. It is important to note that fluorescence should not be confused with bioluminescence or biophosphorescence, as these are different natural processes that involve the production of light through chemical reactions within an organism. |
, here the electron retains stability , emitting light that continues to `` glow - in - the - dark '' even long after the stimulating light source has been removed . Mechanisms of biofluorescence ( edit ) Epidermal chromatophores ( edit ) Pigment cells that exhibit fluorescence are called fluorescent chromatophores , and function somatically similar to regular chromatophores . These cells are dendritic , and contain pigments called fluorosomes . These pigments contain fluorescent proteins which are activated by K+ ( potassium ) ions , and it is their movement , aggregation , and dispersion within the fluorescent chromatophore that cause directed fluorescence patterning . Fluorescent cells are innervated the same as other chromatphores , like melanophores , pigment cells that contain melanin . Short term fluorescent patterning and signaling is controlled by the nervous system . Fluorescent chromatophores can be found in the skin ( e.g. in fish ) just below the epidermis , amongst other chromatophores . Epidermal fluorescent cells in fish also respond to hormonal stimuli by the α -- MSH and MCH hormones much the same as melanophores . This suggests that fluorescent cells may have color changes throughout the day that coincide with their circadian rhythm . Fish may also be sensitive to cortisol induced stress responses to environmental stimuli , such as interaction with a predator or engaging in a mating ritual . Phylogenetics ( edit ) Evolutionary origins ( edit ) It is suspected by some scientists that GFPs and GFP like proteins began as electron donors activated by light . These electrons were then used for reactions requiring light energy . Functions of fluorescent proteins , such as protection from the sun , conversion of light into different wavelengths , or for signaling are thought to have evolved secondarily . Fluorescence has multiple origins in the tree of life . This diagram displays the origins within actinopterygians ( ray finned fish ) . The incidence of fluorescence across the tree of life is widespread , and has been studied most extensively in a phylogenetic sense in fish . The phenomenon appears to have evolved multiple times in multiple taxa such as in the anguilliformes ( eels ) , gobioidei ( gobies and cardinalfishes ) , and tetradontiformes ( triggerfishes ) , along with the other taxa discussed later in the article . Fluorescence is highly genotypically and phenotypically variable even within ecosystems , in regards to the wavelengths emitted , the patterns displayed , and the intensity of the fluorescence . Generally , the species relying upon camouflage exhibit the greatest diversity in fluorescence , likely because camouflage is one of the most common uses of fluorescence . Adaptive functions ( edit ) Currently , relatively little is known about the functional significance of fluorescence and fluorescent proteins . However , it is suspected that | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_7 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. This phenomenon occurs when the electron retains stability, emitting light that continues to "glow-in-the-dark" even long after the stimulating light source has been removed. Pigment cells that exhibit fluorescence are called fluorescent chromatophores, and function somatically similar to regular chromatophores. These cells contain pigments called fluorosomes, which contain fluorescent proteins activated by potassium ions. The movement, aggregation, and dispersion of these pigments within the fluorescent chromatophore cause directed fluorescence patterning.
Fluorescent chromatophores can be found in the skin of fish just below the epidermis, amongst other chromatophores. These cells also respond to hormonal stimuli and may have color changes throughout the day that coincide with their circadian rhythm. It is suspected by some scientists that GFPs and GFP like proteins began as electron donors activated by light, and functions of fluorescent proteins, such as protection from the sun, conversion of light into different wavelengths, or for signaling are thought to have evolved secondarily. The incidence of fluorescence across the tree of life is widespread, and has been studied most extensively in a phylogenetic sense in fish. The phenomenon appears to have evolved multiple times in multiple taxa, and is highly genotypically and phenotypically variable even within ecosystems. Currently, relatively little is known about the functional significance of fluorescence and fluorescent proteins. |
functional significance of fluorescence and fluorescent proteins . However , it is suspected that biofluorescence may serve important functions in signaling and communication , mating , lures , camouflage , UV protection and antioxidation , photoacclimation , dinoflagellate regulation , and in coral health . Aquatic biofluorescence ( edit ) Water absorbs light of long wavelengths , so less light from these wavelengths reflects back to reach the eye . Therefore , warm colors from the visual light spectrum appear less vibrant at increasing depths . Water scatters light of shorter wavelengths , meaning cooler colors dominate the visual field in the photic zone . Light intensity decreases 10 fold with every 75 m of depth , so at depths of 75 m , light is 10 % as intense as it is on the surface , and is only 1 % as intense at 150 m as it is on the surface . Because the water filters out the wavelengths and intensity of water reaching certain depths , different proteins , because of the wavelengths and intensities of light they are capable of absorbing , are better suited to different depths . Theoretically , some fish eyes can detect light as deep as 1000 m . At these depths of the aphotic zone , the only sources of light are organisms themselves , giving off light through chemical reactions in a process called bioluminescence . Fluorescence is simply defined as the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at one wavelength and its reemission at another , lower energy wavelength . Thus any type of fluorescence depends on the presence of external sources of light . Biologically functional fluorescence is found in the photic zone , where there is not only enough light to cause biofluorescence , but enough light for other organisms to detect it . The visual field in the photic zone is naturally blue , so colors of fluorescence can be detected as bright reds , oranges , yellows , and greens . Green is the most commonly found color in the biofluorescent spectrum , yellow the second most , orange the third , and red is the rarest . Fluorescence can occur in organisms in the aphotic zone as a byproduct of that same organism 's bioluminescence . Some biofluorescence in the aphotic zone is merely a byproduct of the organism 's tissue biochemistry and does not have a functional purpose . However , some cases of functional and adaptive significance of biofluorescence in the aphotic zone of the deep ocean is an active area of research . Photic zone ( edit ) Fish ( edit ) Fluorescent marine fish Bony fishes living in shallow water , due to living in a colorful environment , generally have good color vision . Thus , in shallow - water fishes , red , orange , and green fluorescence most likely serves as a means of communication with conspecifics , especially given the great phenotypic variance of the phenomenon . Many fish that exhibit biofluorescence , such as sharks , lizardfish , scorpionfish , wrasses , and | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_8 | true | Fluorescence is the process of absorbing electromagnetic radiation at one wavelength and reemitting it at another, lower energy wavelength. This phenomenon depends on the presence of external sources of light. In the photic zone, where there is enough light for biofluorescence to occur and for other organisms to detect it, biologically functional fluorescence is found. The visual field in the photic zone is naturally blue, so colors of fluorescence can be detected as bright reds, oranges, yellows, and greens. Green is the most commonly found color in the biofluorescent spectrum, followed by yellow, orange, and red as the rarest.
In the aphotic zone, some biofluorescence is merely a byproduct of the organism's tissue biochemistry and does not have a functional purpose. However, there are cases of functional and adaptive significance of biofluorescence in the aphotic zone of the deep ocean that are actively being researched. At these depths, the only sources of light are organisms themselves, giving off light through chemical reactions in a process called bioluminescence.
Bony fishes living in shallow water generally have good color vision due to living in a colorful environment. Thus, in shallow-water fishes, red, orange, and green fluorescence most likely serves as a means of communication with conspecifics, especially given the great phenotypic variance of the phenomenon.
Overall, fluorescence is an important process in the underwater world, with different colors and depths playing a significant role in the communication and survival of various marine organisms. |
Many fish that exhibit biofluorescence , such as sharks , lizardfish , scorpionfish , wrasses , and flatfishes , also possess yellow intraocular filters . Yellow intraocular filters in the lenses and cornea of certain fishes function as long - pass filters , thus enabling the species that possess them to visualize and potentially exploit fluorescence to enhance visual contrast and patterns that are unseen to other fishes and predators that lack this visual specialization . Fishes that possess the necessary yellow intraocular filters for visualizing biofluorescence potentially exploit a light signal from members of it or a similar functional role . Biofluorescent patterning was especially prominent in cryptically patterned fishes possessing complex camouflage , and that many of these lineages also possess yellow long - pass intraocular filters that could enable visualization of such patterns . Another adaptive use of fluorescence is to generate red light from the ambient blue light of the photic zone to aid vision . Red light can only be seen across short distances due to attenuation of red light wavelengths by water . Many fish species that fluoresce are small , group - living , or benthic / aphotic , and have conspicuous patterning . This patterning is caused by fluorescent tissue and is visible to other members of the species , however the patterning is invisible at other visual spectra . These intraspecific fluorescent patterns also coincide with intra-species signaling . The patterns present in ocular rings to indicate directionality of an individual 's gaze , and along fins to indicate directionality of an individual 's movement . Current research suspects that this red fluorescence is used for private communication between members of the same species . Due to the prominence of blue light at ocean depths , red light and light of longer wavelengths are muddled , and many predatory reef fish have little to no sensitivity for light at these wavelengths . Fish such as the fairy wrasse that have developed visual sensitivity to longer wavelengths are able to display red fluorescent signals that give a high contrast to the blue environment and are conspicuous to conspecifics in short ranges , yet are relatively invisible to other common fish that have reduced sensitivities to long wavelengths . Thus , fluorescence can be used as adaptive signaling and intra-species communication in reef fish . Additionally , it is suggested that fluorescent tissues that surround an organism 's eyes are used to convert blue light from the photic zone or green bioluminescence in the aphotic zone into red light to aid vision . Coral ( edit ) Fluorescence serves a wide variety of functions in coral . Fluorescent proteins in corals may contribute to photosynthesis by converting otherwise unusable wavelengths of light into ones for which the coral 's symbiotic algae are able to conduct photosynthesis . Also , the proteins may fluctuate in | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_9 | true | Biofluorescence is a phenomenon observed in many fish species, including sharks, lizardfish, scorpionfish, wrasses, and flatfishes. These fish possess yellow intraocular filters in their lenses and cornea, which function as long-pass filters. This enables them to visualize and potentially exploit fluorescence to enhance visual contrast and patterns that are unseen to other fishes and predators that lack this visual specialization. The biofluorescent patterning is especially prominent in cryptically patterned fishes possessing complex camouflage, and many of these lineages also possess yellow long-pass intraocular filters that could enable visualization of such patterns.
Another adaptive use of fluorescence is to generate red light from the ambient blue light of the photic zone to aid vision. Red light can only be seen across short distances due to attenuation of red light wavelengths by water. Many fish species that fluoresce are small, group-living, or benthic/aphotic, and have conspicuous patterning. This patterning is caused by fluorescent tissue and is visible to other members of the species, however, the patterning is invisible at other visual spectra. These intraspecific fluorescent patterns also coincide with intra-species signaling, such as indicating directionality of an individual's gaze and movement.
It is suggested that fluorescent tissues that surround an organism's eyes are used to convert blue light from the photic zone or green bioluminescence in the aphotic zone into red light to aid vision. Additionally, fluorescence serves a wide variety of functions in coral. Fluorescent proteins in corals may contribute to photosynthesis by converting otherwise unusable wavelengths of light into ones for which the coral's symbiotic algae are able to conduct photosynthesis. These proteins may also fluctuate in their emission of light. |
coral 's symbiotic algae are able to conduct photosynthesis . Also , the proteins may fluctuate in number as more or less light becomes available as a means of photoacclimation . Similarly , these fluorescent proteins may possess antioxidant capacities to eliminate oxygen radicals produced by photosynthesis . Finally , through modulating photosynthesis , the fluorescent proteins may also serve as a means of regulating the activity of the coral 's photosynthetic algal symbionts . Cephalopods ( edit ) Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris , two types of nearly transparent squid , have fluorescent spots above their eyes . These spots reflect incident light , which may serve as a means of camouflage , but also for signaling to other squids for schooling purposes . Jellyfish ( edit ) Aequoria victoria , biofluorescent jellyfish known for GFP Another , well - studied example of biofluorescence in the ocean is the hydrozoan Aequorea victoria . This jellyfish lives in the photic zone off the west coast of North America and was identified as a carrier of green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) by Osamu Shimomura . The gene for these green fluorescent proteins has been isolated and is scientifically significant because it is widely used in genetic studies to indicate the expression of other genes . Mantis shrimp ( edit ) Several species of mantis shrimp , which are stomatopod crustaceans , including Lysiosquillina glabriuscula , have yellow fluorescent markings along their antennal scales and carapace ( shell ) that males present during threat displays to predators and other males . The display involves raising the head and thorax , spreading the striking appendages and other maxillipeds , and extending the prominent , oval antennal scales laterally , which makes the animal appear larger and accentuates its yellow fluorescent markings . Furthermore , as depth increases , mantis shrimp fluorescence accounts for a greater part of the visible light available . During mating rituals , mantis shrimp actively fluoresce , and the wavelength of this fluorescence matches the wavelengths detected by their eye pigments . Aphotic zone ( edit ) Siphonophores ( edit ) Siphonophorae is an order of marine animals from the phylum Hydrozoa that consist of a specialized medusoid and polyp zooid . Some siphonophores , including the genus Erenna that live in the aphotic zone between depths of 1600 m and 2300 m , exhibit yellow to red fluorescence in the photophores of their tentacle - like tentilla . This fluorescence occurs as a by - product of bioluminescence from these same photophores . The siphonophores exhibit the fluorescence in a flicking pattern that is used as a lure to attract prey . Dragonfish ( edit ) The predatory deep - sea dragonfish Malacosteus niger , the closely related Aristostomias genus and the species Pachystomias microdon are capable of harnessing the blue light emitted from their own bioluminescence to | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_10 | true | Fluorescence is the ability of certain organisms to emit light. This phenomenon is observed in various marine animals such as coral, squid, jellyfish, mantis shrimp, and siphonophores. For example, the nearly transparent squid Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris have fluorescent spots above their eyes, which serve as a means of camouflage and for signaling to other squids for schooling purposes. The hydrozoan Aequorea victoria, a biofluorescent jellyfish, is known for its green fluorescent protein (GFP), which has been isolated and is widely used in genetic studies to indicate the expression of other genes. Mantis shrimp, including Lysiosquillina glabriuscula, have yellow fluorescent markings along their antennal scales and carapace, which they present during threat displays to predators and other males. Siphonophores, such as the genus Erenna, exhibit yellow to red fluorescence in the photophores of their tentacle-like tentilla, which is used as a lure to attract prey in the aphotic zone. The deep-sea dragonfish Malacosteus niger and related species are capable of harnessing the blue light emitted from their own bioluminescence. Overall, fluorescence is a fascinating aspect of marine life, allowing these organisms to emit light for various purposes. |
microdon are capable of harnessing the blue light emitted from their own bioluminescence to generate red biofluorescence from suborbital photophores . This red fluorescence is invisible to other animals , which allows these dragonfish extra light at dark ocean depths without attracting or signaling predators . Terrestrial biofluorescence ( edit ) Amphibians ( edit ) The Polka - dot tree frog , widely found in the Amazon was discovered to be the first fluorescent amphibian in 2017 . The frog is pale green with dots in white , yellow or light red . The fluorescence of the frog was discovered unintentionally in Buenos Aires , Argentina . The fluorescence was traced to a new compound found in the lymph and skin glads . The main fluorescent compound is Hyloin - L1 and it gives a blue - green glow when exposed to violet or ultra violet light . Scientists behind the discovery say that the fluorescence can be used for communication . They also think that about 100 or 200 species of frogs are likely to be fluorescent . Butterflies ( edit ) Swallowtail ( Papilio ) butterflies have complex systems for emitting fluorescent light . Their wings contain pigment - infused crystals that provide directed fluorescent light . These crystals function to produce fluorescent light best when they absorb radiance from sky - blue light ( wavelength about 420 nm ) . The wavelengths of light that the butterflies see the best correspond to the absorbance of the crystals in the butterfly 's wings . This likely functions to enhance the capacity for signaling . Parrots ( edit ) Parrots have fluorescent plumage that may be used in mate signaling . A study using mate - choice experiments on budgerigars ( Melopsittacus undulates ) found compelling support for fluorescent sexual signaling , with both males and females significantly preferring birds with the fluorescent experimental stimulus . This study suggests that the fluorescent plumage of parrots is not simply a by - product of pigmentation , but instead an adapted sexual signal . Considering the intricacies of the pathways that produce fluorescent pigments , there may be significant costs involved . Therefore , individuals exhibiting strong fluorescence may be honest indicators of high individual quality , since they can deal with the associated costs . Arachnids ( edit ) Fluorescing scorpion Spiders fluoresce under UV light and possess a huge diversity of fluorophores . Remarkably , spiders are the only known group in which fluorescence is `` taxonomically widespread , variably expressed , evolutionarily labile , and probably under selection and potentially of ecological importance for intraspecific and interspecific signaling . '' A study by Andrews et al. ( 2007 ) reveals that fluorescence has evolved multiple times across spider taxa , with novel fluorophores evolving during spider diversification . In some spiders , ultraviolet cues are important for predator - prey | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_11 | true | Fluorescent is the term used to describe something that gives out light. This phenomenon can be observed in various animals such as microdon, amphibians like the Polka-dot tree frog, butterflies like the Swallowtail, and parrots. These animals have developed the ability to harness and emit fluorescent light for various purposes such as communication, mate signaling, and intraspecific and interspecific signaling. The ability to fluoresce allows these animals to generate light without attracting or signaling predators, and it may also serve as an indicator of high individual quality. |
spider diversification . In some spiders , ultraviolet cues are important for predator - prey interactions , intraspecific communication , and camouflaging with matching fluorescent flowers . Differing ecological contexts could favor inhibition or enhancement of fluorescence expression , depending upon whether fluorescence helps spiders be cryptic or makes them more conspicuous to predators . Therefore , natural selection could be acting on expression of fluorescence across spider species . Scorpions also fluoresce . Plants ( edit ) The Mirabilis jalapa flower contains violet , fluorescent betacyanins and yellow , fluorescent betaxanthins . Under white light , parts of the flower containing only betaxanthins appear yellow , but in areas where both betaxanthins and betacyanins are present , the visible fluorescence of the flower is faded due to internal light - filtering mechanisms . Fluorescence was previously suggested to play a role in pollinator attraction , however , it was later found that the visual signal by fluorescence is negligible compared to the visual signal of light reflected by the flower . Chlorophyll fluoresces a weak red under ultraviolet light . Abiotic fluorescence ( edit ) Gemology , mineralogy and geology ( edit ) Fluorescence of Aragonite Gemstones , minerals , may have a distinctive fluorescence or may fluoresce differently under short - wave ultraviolet , long - wave ultraviolet , visible light , or X-rays . Many types of calcite and amber will fluoresce under shortwave UV , longwave UV and visible light . Rubies , emeralds , and diamonds exhibit red fluorescence under long - wave UV , blue and sometimes green light ; diamonds also emit light under X-ray radiation . Fluorescence in minerals is caused by a wide range of activators . In some cases , the concentration of the activator must be restricted to below a certain level , to prevent quenching of the fluorescent emission . Furthermore , the mineral must be free of impurities such as iron or copper , to prevent quenching of possible fluorescence . Divalent manganese , in concentrations of up to several percent , is responsible for the red or orange fluorescence of calcite , the green fluorescence of willemite , the yellow fluorescence of esperite , and the orange fluorescence of wollastonite and clinohedrite . Hexavalent uranium , in the form of the uranyl cation , fluoresces at all concentrations in a yellow green , and is the cause of fluorescence of minerals such as autunite or andersonite , and , at low concentration , is the cause of the fluorescence of such materials as some samples of hyalite opal . Trivalent chromium at low concentration is the source of the red fluorescence of ruby . Divalent europium is the source of the blue fluorescence , when seen in the mineral fluorite . Trivalent lanthanides such as terbium and dysprosium are the principal activators of the creamy yellow fluorescence | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_12 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. This process involves the return of a molecule from an excited state to a lower energy state. The emitted light is usually of a longer wavelength than the absorbed radiation. The phenomenon of fluorescence is found in a wide range of organisms and materials, including spiders, scorpions, plants, and gemstones. In some spiders, ultraviolet cues are important for predator-prey interactions, intraspecific communication, and camouflaging with matching fluorescent flowers. Similarly, scorpions also fluoresce. The Mirabilis jalapa flower contains violet, fluorescent betacyanins and yellow, fluorescent betaxanthins. Chlorophyll also fluoresces a weak red under ultraviolet light. In the field of gemology, mineralogy, and geology, many types of calcite and amber will fluoresce under shortwave UV, longwave UV, and visible light. Gemstones, minerals, and other materials may have a distinctive fluorescence or may fluoresce differently under different types of light or radiation. The fluorescence in minerals is caused by a wide range of activators, such as divalent manganese, hexavalent uranium, trivalent chromium, and divalent europium. These activators are responsible for the various colors of fluorescence observed in different minerals. Overall, fluorescence is a common phenomenon found in nature and in various materials, and it plays a significant role in a variety of ecological and scientific contexts. |
such as terbium and dysprosium are the principal activators of the creamy yellow fluorescence exhibited by the yttrofluorite variety of the mineral fluorite , and contribute to the orange fluorescence of zircon . Powellite ( calcium molybdate ) and scheelite ( calcium tungstate ) fluoresce intrinsically in yellow and blue , respectively . When present together in solid solution , energy is transferred from the higher - energy tungsten to the lower - energy molybdenum , such that fairly low levels of molybdenum are sufficient to cause a yellow emission for scheelite , instead of blue . Low - iron sphalerite ( zinc sulfide ) , fluoresces and phosphoresces in a range of colors , influenced by the presence of various trace impurities . Crude oil ( petroleum ) fluoresces in a range of colors , from dull - brown for heavy oils and tars through to bright - yellowish and bluish - white for very light oils and condensates . This phenomenon is used in oil exploration drilling to identify very small amounts of oil in drill cuttings and core samples . Organic liquids ( edit ) Organic solutions such anthracene or stilbene , dissolved in benzene or toluene , fluoresce with ultraviolet or gamma ray irradiation . The decay times of this fluorescence are on the order of nanoseconds , since the duration of the light depends on the lifetime of the excited states of the fluorescent material , in this case anthracene or stilbene . Scintillation is defined a flash of light produced in a transparent material by the passage of a particle ( an electron , an alpha particle , an ion , or a high - energy photon ) . Stilbene and derivatives are used in scintillation counters to detect such particles . Stilbene is also one of the gain mediums used in dye lasers . Atmosphere ( edit ) Fluorescence is observed in the atmosphere when the air is under energetic electron bombardment . In cases such as the natural aurora , high - altitude nuclear explosions , and rocket - borne electron gun experiments , the molecules and ions formed have a fluorescent response to light . Common materials that fluoresce ( edit ) Vitamin B2 fluoresces yellow . Tonic water fluoresces blue due to the presence of quinine . Highlighter ink is often fluorescent due to the presence of pyranine . Banknotes , postage stamps and credit cards often have fluorescent security features . Applications of fluorescence ( edit ) Lighting ( edit ) Further information : Fluorescent lamp Fluorescent paint and plastic lit by UV tubes . Paintings by Beo Beyond The common fluorescent lamp relies on fluorescence . Inside the glass tube is a partial vacuum and a small amount of mercury . An electric discharge in the tube causes the mercury atoms to emit mostly ultraviolet light . The tube is lined with a coating of a fluorescent material , called the phosphor , which absorbs the ultraviolet and re-emits | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_13 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
of a fluorescent material , called the phosphor , which absorbs the ultraviolet and re-emits visible light . Fluorescent lighting is more energy - efficient than incandescent lighting elements . However , the uneven spectrum of traditional fluorescent lamps may cause certain colors to appear different than when illuminated by incandescent light or daylight . The mercury vapor emission spectrum is dominated by a short - wave UV line at 254 nm ( which provides most of the energy to the phosphors ) , accompanied by visible light emission at 436 nm ( blue ) , 546 nm ( green ) and 579 nm ( yellow - orange ) . These three lines can be observed superimposed on the white continuum using a hand spectroscope , for light emitted by the usual white fluorescent tubes . These same visible lines , accompanied by the emission lines of trivalent europium and trivalent terbium , and further accompanied by the emission continuum of divalent europium in the blue region , comprise the more discontinuous light emission of the modern trichromatic phosphor systems used in many compact fluorescent lamp and traditional lamps where better color rendition is a goal . Fluorescent lights were first available to the public at the 1939 New York World 's Fair . Improvements since then have largely been better phosphors , longer life , and more consistent internal discharge , and easier - to - use shapes ( such as compact fluorescent lamps ) . Some high - intensity discharge ( HID ) lamps couple their even - greater electrical efficiency with phosphor enhancement for better color rendition . White light - emitting diodes ( LEDs ) became available in the mid-1990s as LED lamps , in which blue light emitted from the semiconductor strikes phosphors deposited on the tiny chip . The combination of the blue light that continues through the phosphor and the green to red fluorescence from the phosphors produces a net emission of white light . Glow sticks sometimes utilize fluorescent materials to absorb light from the chemiluminescent reaction and emit light of a different color . Analytical chemistry ( edit ) Many analytical procedures involve the use of a fluorometer , usually with a single exciting wavelength and single detection wavelength . Because of the sensitivity that the method affords , fluorescent molecule concentrations as low as 1 part per trillion can be measured . Fluorescence in several wavelengths can be detected by an array detector , to detect compounds from HPLC flow . Also , TLC plates can be visualized if the compounds or a coloring reagent is fluorescent . Fluorescence is most effective when there is a larger ratio of atoms at lower energy levels in a Boltzmann distribution . There is , then , a higher probability of excitement and release of photons by lower - energy atoms , making analysis more efficient . Spectroscopy ( edit ) Main article : Fluorescence spectroscopy Usually the setup | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_14 | true | Fluorescent lighting is a type of lighting that is more energy-efficient than incandescent lighting elements. It is made up of a fluorescent material, called the phosphor, which absorbs ultraviolet light and re-emits visible light. The mercury vapor emission spectrum is dominated by a short-wave UV line at 254 nm, accompanied by visible light emission at 436 nm (blue), 546 nm (green), and 579 nm (yellow-orange). These lines can be observed using a hand spectroscope for light emitted by the usual white fluorescent tubes. Fluorescent lights were first available to the public at the 1939 New York World's Fair and have since seen improvements in phosphors, longer life, and more consistent internal discharge. White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) also utilize fluorescent materials to produce white light. Analytical chemistry often involves the use of a fluorometer to measure fluorescent molecule concentrations as low as 1 part per trillion. Fluorescence in several wavelengths can be detected by an array detector, making analysis more efficient. Spectroscopy is also used to study fluorescence. |
Spectroscopy ( edit ) Main article : Fluorescence spectroscopy Usually the setup of a fluorescence assay involves a light source , which may emit many different wavelengths of light . In general , a single wavelength is required for proper analysis , so , in order to selectively filter the light , it is passed through an excitation monochromator , and then that chosen wavelength is passed through the sample cell . After absorption and re-emission of the energy , many wavelengths may emerge due to Stokes shift and various electron transitions . To separate and analyze them , the fluorescent radiation is passed through an emission monochromator , and observed selectively by a detector . Biochemistry and medicine ( edit ) Main article : Fluorescence in the life sciences Endothelial cells under the microscope with three separate channels marking specific cellular components Fluorescence in the life sciences is used generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysis of biological molecules by means of the fluorescent emission at a specific frequency where there is no background from the excitation light , as relatively few cellular components are naturally fluorescent ( called intrinsic or autofluorescence ) . In fact , a protein or other component can be `` labelled '' with an extrinsic fluorophore , a fluorescent dye that can be a small molecule , protein , or quantum dot , finding a large use in many biological applications . The quantification of a dye is done with a spectrofluorometer and finds additional applications in : Microscopy ( edit ) When scanning the fluorescence intensity across a plane one has fluorescence microscopy of tissues , cells , or subcellular structures , which is accomplished by labeling an antibody with a fluorophore and allowing the antibody to find its target antigen within the sample . Labelling multiple antibodies with different fluorophores allows visualization of multiple targets within a single image ( multiple channels ) . DNA microarrays are a variant of this . Immunology : An antibody is first prepared by having a fluorescent chemical group attached , and the sites ( e.g. , on a microscopic specimen ) where the antibody has bound can be seen , and even quantified , by the fluorescence . FLIM ( Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy ) can be used to detect certain bio-molecular interactions that manifest themselves by influencing fluorescence lifetimes . Cell and molecular biology : detection of colocalization using fluorescence - labelled antibodies for selective detection of the antigens of interest using specialized software , such as CoLocalizer Pro . Other techniques ( edit ) FRET ( Förster resonance energy transfer , also known as fluorescence resonance energy transfer ) is used to study protein interactions , detect specific nucleic acid sequences and used as biosensors , while | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_15 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. In the context of fluorescence spectroscopy, a light source is used to emit different wavelengths of light, and a single wavelength is required for proper analysis. This light is passed through an excitation monochromator to selectively filter the light, and then the chosen wavelength is passed through the sample cell. After absorption and re-emission of the energy, many wavelengths may emerge due to Stokes shift and various electron transitions. The fluorescent radiation is then passed through an emission monochromator and observed selectively by a detector for analysis.
In the field of biochemistry and medicine, fluorescence is used as a non-destructive way of tracking or analyzing biological molecules. This is achieved through the fluorescent emission at a specific frequency where there is no background from the excitation light. Extrinsic fluorophores, such as fluorescent dyes, are used to label proteins or other components for various biological applications. The quantification of a dye is done with a spectrofluorometer and finds additional applications in microscopy, immunology, FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy), and cell and molecular biology.
Fluorescence microscopy is used to scan the fluorescence intensity across a plane for the visualization of tissues, cells, or subcellular structures. This is accomplished by labeling an antibody with a fluorophore and allowing the antibody to find its target antigen within the sample. Multiple antibodies can be labeled with different fluorophores to visualize multiple targets within a single image. FLIM can be used to detect certain bio-molecular interactions that influence fluorescence lifetimes, while fluorescence-labeled antibodies are used for selective detection of antigens of interest in cell and molecular biology.
In addition to fluorescence microscopy and FLIM, other techniques such as FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) are used to study protein interactions, detect specific nucleic acid sequences, and as biosensors. These techniques are valuable tools in the study of various biological processes and interactions. |
study protein interactions , detect specific nucleic acid sequences and used as biosensors , while fluorescence lifetime ( FLIM ) can give an additional layer of information . Biotechnology : biosensors using fluorescence are being studied as possible Fluorescent glucose biosensors . Automated sequencing of DNA by the chain termination method ; each of four different chain terminating bases has its own specific fluorescent tag . As the labelled DNA molecules are separated , the fluorescent label is excited by a UV source , and the identity of the base terminating the molecule is identified by the wavelength of the emitted light . FACS ( fluorescence - activated cell sorting ) . One of several important cell sorting techniques used in the separation of different cell lines ( especially those isolated from animal tissues ) . DNA detection : the compound ethidium bromide , in aqueous solution , has very little fluorescence , as it is quenched by water . Ethidium bromide 's fluorescence is greatly enhanced after it binds to DNA , so this compound is very useful in visualising the location of DNA fragments in agarose gel electrophoresis . Intercalated ethidium is in a hydrophobic environment when it is between the base pairs of the DNA , protected from quenching by water which is excluded from the local environment of the intercalated ethidium . Ethidium bromide may be carcinogenic -- an arguably safer alternative is the dye SYBR Green . FIGS ( Fluorescence image - guided surgery ) is a medical imaging technique that uses fluorescence to detect properly labeled structures during surgery . Intravascular fluorescence is a catheter - based medical imaging technique that uses fluorescence to detect high - risk features of atherosclerosis and unhealed vascular stent devices . Plaque autofluorescence has been used in a first - in - man study in coronary arteries in combination with optical coherence tomography . Molecular agents has been also used to detect specific features , such as stent fibrin accumulation and enzymatic activity related to artery inflammation . SAFI ( species altered fluorescence imaging ) an imaging technique in electrokinetics and microfluidics . It uses non-electromigrating dyes whose fluorescence is easily quenched by migrating chemical species of interest . The dye ( s ) are usually seeded everywhere in the flow and differential quenching of their fluorescence by analytes is directly observed . Fluorescence - based assays for screening toxic chemicals . The optical assays consist of a mixture of environmental - sensitive fluorescent dyes and human skin cells that generate fluorescence spectra patterns . This approach can reduce the need for laboratory animals in biomedical research and pharmaceutical industry . Forensics ( edit ) Fingerprints can be visualized with fluorescent compounds such as ninhydrin or DFO ( 1 , | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_16 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
Fingerprints can be visualized with fluorescent compounds such as ninhydrin or DFO ( 1 , 8 - Diazafluoren - 9 - one ) . Blood and other substances are sometimes detected by fluorescent reagents , like fluorescein . Fibers , and other materials that may be encountered in forensics or with a relationship to various collectibles , are sometimes fluorescent . Mechanical engineering ( edit ) Fluorescent penetrant inspection is used to find cracks and other defects on the surface of a part . Dye tracing , using fluorescent dyes , is used to find leaks in liquid and gas plumbing systems . Signage ( edit ) Fluorescent colors are frequently used in signage , particularly road signs . Fluorescent colors are generally recognizable at longer ranges than their non-fluorescent counterparts , with fluorescent orange being particularly noticeable . This property has led to its frequent use in safety signs and labels . Optical brighteners ( edit ) Main article : Optical brightener Fluorescent compounds are often used to enhance the appearance of fabric and paper , causing a `` whitening '' effect . A white surface treated with an optical brightener can emit more visible light than that which shines on it , making it appear brighter . The blue light emitted by the brightener compensates for the diminishing blue of the treated material and changes the hue away from yellow or brown and toward white . Optical brighteners are used in laundry detergents , high brightness paper , cosmetics , high - visibility clothing and more . See also ( edit ) Absorption - re-emission atomic line filters use the phenomenon of fluorescence to filter light extremely effectively . Black light Blacklight paint Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Fluorescence image - guided surgery Fluorescence in plants Fluorescence spectroscopy Fluorescent lamp Fluorescent multilayer card Fluorescent Multilayer Disc Fluorometer High - visibility clothing Integrated fluorometer Laser - induced fluorescence List of light sources Microbial art , using fluorescent bacteria Mössbauer effect , resonant fluorescence of gamma rays Organic light - emitting diodes can be fluorescent Phosphorescence Phosphor thermometry , the use of phosphorescence to measure temperature . Spectroscopy Two - photon absorption Vibronic spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : Acuña , A. Ulises ; Amat - Guerri , Francisco ; Morcillo , Purificación ; Liras , Marta ; Rodríguez , Benjamín ( 2009 ) . `` Structure and Formation of the Fluorescent Compound of Lignum nephriticum '' ( PDF ) . Organic Letters. 11 ( 14 ) : 3020 -- 3023 . | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_17 | true | Fluorescent compounds are often used to enhance the appearance of fabric and paper, causing a "whitening" effect. A white surface treated with an optical brightener can emit more visible light than that which shines on it, making it appear brighter. The blue light emitted by the brightener compensates for the diminishing blue of the treated material and changes the hue away from yellow or brown and toward white. Optical brighteners are used in laundry detergents, high brightness paper, cosmetics, high-visibility clothing, and more.
Fluorescent colors are frequently used in signage, particularly road signs. Fluorescent colors are generally recognizable at longer ranges than their non-fluorescent counterparts, with fluorescent orange being particularly noticeable. This property has led to its frequent use in safety signs and labels.
Fluorescent penetrant inspection is used to find cracks and other defects on the surface of a part. Dye tracing, using fluorescent dyes, is used to find leaks in liquid and gas plumbing systems.
Fingerprints can be visualized with fluorescent compounds such as ninhydrin or DFO (1, 8-Diazafluoren-9-one). Blood and other substances are sometimes detected by fluorescent reagents, like fluorescein. Fibers, and other materials that may be encountered in forensics or with a relationship to various collectibles, are sometimes fluorescent.
In summary, something that gives out light is called fluorescent. |
Fluorescent Compound of Lignum nephriticum '' ( PDF ) . Organic Letters. 11 ( 14 ) : 3020 -- 3023 . doi : 10.1021 / ol901022g . PMID 19586062 . Archived ( PDF ) from the original on 28 July 2013 . Jump up ^ Safford , William Edwin ( 1916 ) . `` Lignum nephriticum '' . Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution ( PDF ) . Washington : Government Printing Office . pp. 271 -- 298 . Jump up ^ Valeur , B. ; Berberan - Santos , M.R.N. ( 2011 ) . `` A Brief History of Fluorescence and Phosphorescence before the Emergence of Quantum Theory '' . Journal of Chemical Education . 88 ( 6 ) : 731 -- 738 . Bibcode : 2011JChEd ... 88 ... 731V . doi : 10.1021 / ed100182h . Jump up ^ Muyskens , M. ; Ed Vitz ( 2006 ) . `` The Fluorescence of Lignum nephriticum : A Flash Back to the Past and a Simple Demonstration of Natural Substance Fluorescence '' . Journal of Chemical Education . 83 ( 5 ) : 765 . Bibcode : 2006JChEd ... 83 ... 765M . doi : 10.1021 / ed083p765 . Jump up ^ Clarke , Edward Daniel ( 1819 ) . `` Account of a newly discovered variety of green fluor spar , of very uncommon beauty , and with remarkable properties of colour and phosphorescence '' . The Annals of Philosophy. 14 : 34 -- 36 . Archived from the original on 17 January 2017 . The finer crystals are perfectly transparent . Their colour by transmitted light is an intense emerald green ; but by reflected light , the colour is a deep sapphire blue Jump up ^ Haüy merely repeats Clarke 's observation regarding the colors of the specimen of fluorite which he ( Clarke ) had examined : Haüy , Traité de Minéralogie , 2nd ed . ( Paris , France : Bachelier and Huzard , 1822 ) , vol. 1 , p. 512 Archived 17 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine ... Fluorite is called `` chaux fluatée '' by Haüy : `` ... violette par réflection , et verdâtre par transparence au Derbyshire . '' ( ( the color of fluorite is ) violet by reflection , and greenish by transmission in ( specimens from ) Derbyshire . ) Jump up ^ Brewster , David ( 1834 ) . `` On the colours of natural bodies '' . Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 12 ( 2 ) : 538 -- 545 . doi : 10.1017 / s0080456800031203 . Archived from the original on 17 January 2017 . On page 542 , Brewster mentions that when white light passes through an alcoholic solution of chlorophyll , red light is reflected from it . Jump up ^ Herschel , John ( 1845 ) . `` On a case of superficial colour presented by a homogeneous liquid internally colourless '' . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London . 135 : 143 -- 145 . doi : 10.1098 / rstl. 1845.0004 . Archived from the original on 24 December 2016 . Jump up ^ Herschel , John ( 1845 ) . `` On the epipŏlic dispersion of light , being a supplement to a paper entitled , `` On a case of superficial colour presented by a homogeneous liquid internally colourless '' `` . Philosophical Transactions of | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_18 | false | Fluorescent Compound of Lignum nephriticum is a topic of interest in the field of chemistry and natural substances. The history of fluorescence and phosphorescence has been studied extensively, with references dating back to the 19th century. The phenomenon of fluorescence, which is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation, has been a subject of scientific inquiry for many years. The study of natural substances that exhibit fluorescence, such as Lignum nephriticum, has provided valuable insights into the properties of these materials.
The term "fluorescent" refers to something that gives out light, and it is a characteristic that has been observed in various natural and synthetic compounds. The study of fluorescence has contributed to the understanding of the behavior of light and the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. This has implications for a wide range of scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, and materials science.
The history of fluorescence and phosphorescence has been documented in scientific literature, with references to early observations of these phenomena. The study of Lignum nephriticum, a natural substance that exhibits fluorescence, has provided valuable insights into the properties of this material. The observation of fluorescence in Lignum nephriticum has been the subject of scientific investigation, with researchers seeking to understand the underlying mechanisms that give rise to this phenomenon.
In conclusion, the study of fluorescence and phosphorescence has a rich history, with references dating back to the 19th century. The observation of fluorescence in natural substances such as Lignum nephriticum has provided valuable insights into the properties of these materials. The term "fluorescent" refers to something that gives out light, and it is a characteristic that has been observed in various natural and synthetic compounds. The study of fluorescence has contributed to the understanding of the behavior of light and the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. |
presented by a homogeneous liquid internally colourless '' `` . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London . 135 : 147 -- 153 . doi : 10.1098 / rstl. 1845.0005 . Archived from the original on 17 January 2017 . Jump up ^ Stokes , G.G. ( 1852 ) . `` On the Change of Refrangibility of Light '' . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London . 142 : 463 -- 562 . doi : 10.1098 / rstl. 1852.0022 . Archived from the original on 17 January 2017 . From page 479 , footnote : `` I am almost inclined to coin a word , and call the appearance fluorescence , from fluor - spar , as the analogous term opalescence is derived from the name of a mineral . '' Jump up ^ Stokes ( 1852 ) , pages 472 -- 473 . In a footnote on page 473 , Stokes acknowledges that in 1843 , Edmond Becquerel had observed that quinine acid sulfate strongly absorbs ultraviolet radiation ( i.e. , solar radiation beyond Fraunhofer 's H band in the solar spectrum ) . See : Edmond Becquerel ( 1843 ) `` Des effets produits sur les corps par les rayons solaires '' Archived 31 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine . ( On the effects produced on substances by solar rays ) , Comptes rendus , 17 : 882 -- 884 ; on page 883 , Becquerel cites quinine acid sulfate ( `` sulfate acide de quinine '' ) as strongly absorbing ultraviolet light . Jump up ^ Lakowicz , p. 1 Jump up ^ Holler , F. James ; Skoog , Douglas A. and Crouch , Stanley R. ( 2006 ) Principles Of Instrumental Analysis . Cengage Learning . ISBN 0495012017 Jump up ^ Lakowicz , p. 10 Jump up ^ Valeur , Bernard , Berberan - Santos , Mario ( 2012 ) . Molecular Fluorescence : Principles and Applications . Wiley - VCH . ISBN 978 - 3 - 527 - 32837 - 6 . p. 64 Jump up ^ `` Animation for the Principle of Fluorescence and UV - Visible Absorbance '' Archived 9 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine ... PharmaXChange.info . Jump up ^ Lakowicz , pp. 12 -- 13 Jump up ^ Valeur , Bernard , Berberan - Santos , Mario ( 2012 ) . Molecular Fluorescence : Principles and Applications . Wiley - VCH . ISBN 978 - 3 - 527 - 32837 - 6 . p. 186 Jump up ^ Schieber , Frank ( October 2001 ) . `` Modeling the Appearance of Fluorescent Colors '' . Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting . 45 ( 18 ) : 1324 -- 1327 . doi : 10.1177 / 154193120104501802 . Jump up ^ IUPAC . Kasha -- Vavilov rule -- Compendium of Chemical Terminology , 2nd ed. ( the `` Gold Book '' ) Archived 21 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine ... Compiled by McNaught , A.D. and Wilkinson , A. Blackwell Scientific Publications , Oxford , 1997 . Jump up ^ Lakowicz , pp. 6 -- 8 Jump up ^ Lakowicz , pp. 6 -- 7 ^ Jump up to : `` Fluorescence in marine organisms '' . Gestalt Switch Expeditions . Archived from the original on 21 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Wucherer , M.F. ; Michiels , N.K. ( 2012 ) . `` A | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_19 | false | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
on 21 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Wucherer , M.F. ; Michiels , N.K. ( 2012 ) . `` A Fluorescent Chromatophore Changes the Level of Fluorescence in a Reef Fish '' . PLoS ONE . 7 ( 6 ) : e37913 . Bibcode : 2012PLoSO ... 737913W . doi : 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0037913 . PMC 3368913 . PMID 22701587 . Jump up ^ Fujii , R ( 2000 ) . `` The regulation of motile activity in fish chromatophores '' . Pigment cell research / sponsored by the European Society for Pigment Cell Research and the International Pigment Cell Society . 13 ( 5 ) : 300 -- 19 . doi : 10.1034 / j. 1600 - 0749.2000. 130502. x . PMID 11041206 . Jump up ^ Abbott , F.S. ( 1973 ) . `` Endocrine Regulation of Pigmentation in Fish '' . Integrative and Comparative Biology . 13 ( 3 ) : 885 -- 894 . doi : 10.1093 / icb / 13.3. 885 . ^ Jump up to : Beyer , Steffen . `` Biology of underwater fluorescence '' . Fluopedia.org . ^ Jump up to : Sparks , J.S. ; Schelly , R.C. ; Smith , W.L. ; Davis , M.P. ; Tchernov , D. ; Pieribone , V.A. ; Gruber , D.F. ( 2014 ) . Fontaneto , Diego , ed . `` The Covert World of Fish Biofluorescence : A Phylogenetically Widespread and Phenotypically Variable Phenomenon '' . PLoS ONE . 9 ( 1 ) : e83259 . Bibcode : 2014PLoSO ... 983259S . doi : 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0083259 . PMC 3885428 . PMID 24421880 . Jump up ^ Matz , M. `` Fluorescence : The Secret Color of the Deep '' . Office of Ocean Exploration and Research , U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Archived from the original on 31 October 2014 . ^ Jump up to : Heinermann , P ( 2014 - 03 - 10 ) . `` Yellow intraocular filters in fishes '' . Experimental Biology . 43 ( 2 ) : 127 -- 147 . PMID 6398222 . ^ Jump up to : Michiels , N.K. ; Anthes , N. ; Hart , N.S. ; Herler , J.R. ; Meixner , A.J. ; Schleifenbaum , F. ; Schulte , G. ; Siebeck , U.E. ; Sprenger , D. ; Wucherer , M.F. ( 2008 ) . `` Red fluorescence in reef fish : A novel signalling mechanism ? '' . BMC Ecology. 8 : 16 . doi : 10.1186 / 1472 - 6785 - 8 - 16 . PMC 2567963 . PMID 18796150 . Jump up ^ Gerlach , T ; Sprenger , D ; Michiels , N.K. ( 2014 ) . `` Fairy wrasses perceive and respond to their deep red fluorescent coloration '' . Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences . 281 ( 1787 ) : 20140787 . doi : 10.1098 / rspb. 2014.0787 . PMC 4071555 . PMID 24870049 . Jump up ^ Salih , A. ; Larkum , A. ; Cox , G. ; Kühl , M. ; Hoegh - Guldberg , O. ( 2000 ) . `` Fluorescent pigments in corals are photoprotective '' . Nature . 408 ( 6814 ) : 850 -- 3 . Bibcode : 2000Natur. 408 ... 850S . doi : 10.1038 / 35048564 . PMID 11130722 . Archived from the original on 22 December 2015 . Jump up ^ Roth , M.S. ; Latz , M.I. ; Goericke , R. ; Deheyn , D.D. ( 2010 ) . `` Green fluorescent protein regulation in the coral Acropora yongei during photoacclimation '' . Journal of Experimental Biology . 213 ( 21 ) : | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_20 | true | Fluorescent is the term used to describe something that gives out light. This phenomenon has been studied extensively in reef fish, with research showing that a fluorescent chromatophore changes the level of fluorescence in these fish. The regulation of motile activity in fish chromatophores has also been explored, shedding light on the biological processes behind this fascinating ability. Additionally, the covert world of fish biofluorescence has been revealed to be a phylogenetically widespread and phenotypically variable phenomenon. Furthermore, red fluorescence in reef fish has been identified as a potential novel signaling mechanism, and fairy wrasses have been found to perceive and respond to their deep red fluorescent coloration. In corals, fluorescent pigments have been shown to be photoprotective, and the regulation of green fluorescent protein in the coral Acropora yongei during photoacclimation has also been investigated. These studies have contributed to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and functions of fluorescence in various marine organisms. |
coral Acropora yongei during photoacclimation '' . Journal of Experimental Biology . 213 ( 21 ) : 3644 -- 3655 . doi : 10.1242 / jeb. 040881 . PMID 20952612 . Jump up ^ Bou - Abdallah , F. ; Chasteen , N.D. ; Lesser , M.P. ( 2006 ) . `` Quenching of superoxide radicals by green fluorescent protein '' . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta ( BBA ) - General Subjects. 1760 ( 11 ) : 1690 -- 1695 . doi : 10.1016 / j. bbagen. 2006.08. 014 . PMC 1764454 . PMID 17023114 . Jump up ^ Field , S.F. ; Bulina , M.Y. ; Kelmanson , I.V. ; Bielawski , J.P. ; Matz , M.V. ( 2006 ) . `` Adaptive Evolution of Multicolored Fluorescent Proteins in Reef - Building Corals '' . Journal of Molecular Evolution. 62 ( 3 ) : 332 -- 339 . Bibcode : 2006JMolE ... 62 ... 332F . doi : 10.1007 / s00239 - 005 - 0129 - 9 . PMID 16474984 . Jump up ^ Mäthger , L.M. ; Denton , E.J. ( 2001 ) . `` Reflective properties of iridophores and fluorescent ' eyespots ' in the loliginid squid Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris '' . The Journal of Experimental Biology . 204 ( Pt 12 ) : 2103 -- 18 . PMID 11441052 . Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Jump up ^ Tsien , R.Y. ( 1998 ) . `` The Green Fluorescent Protein '' . Annual Review of Biochemistry . 67 : 509 -- 544 . doi : 10.1146 / annurev. biochem. 67.1. 509 . PMID 9759496 . Jump up ^ Mazel , C.H. ( 2004 ) . `` Fluorescent Enhancement of Signaling in a Mantis Shrimp '' . Science . 303 ( 5654 ) : 51 . doi : 10.1126 / science. 1089803 . PMID 14615546 . Jump up ^ Bou - Abdallah , F. ; Chasteen , N.D. ; Lesser , M.P. ( 2006 ) . `` Quenching of superoxide radicals by green fluorescent protein '' . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta ( BBA ) - General Subjects. 1760 ( 11 ) : 1690 -- 1695 . doi : 10.1016 / j. bbagen. 2006.08. 014 . PMC 1764454 . PMID 17023114 . Jump up ^ Douglas , R.H. ; Partridge , J.C. ; Dulai , K. ; Hunt , D. ; Mullineaux , C.W. ; Tauber , A.Y. ; Hynninen , P.H. ( 1998 ) . `` Dragon fish see using chlorophyll '' . Nature . 393 ( 6684 ) : 423 -- 424 . Bibcode : 1998Natur. 393 ... 423D . doi : 10.1038 / 30871 . Jump up ^ Wong , Sam ( 13 March 2017 ) . `` Luminous frog is the first known naturally fluorescent amphibian '' . Archived from the original on 20 March 2017 . Retrieved 22 March 2017 . Jump up ^ King , Anthony ( 13 March 2017 ) . `` Fluorescent frog first down to new molecule '' . Archived from the original on 22 March 2017 . Retrieved 22 March 2017 . Jump up ^ Vukusic , P ; Hooper , I ( 2005 ) . `` Directionally controlled fluorescence emission in butterflies '' . Science . 310 ( 5751 ) : 1151 . doi : 10.1126 / science. 1116612 . PMID 16293753 . Jump up ^ Arnold , K.E. ( 2002 ) . `` Fluorescent Signaling in Parrots '' . Science . 295 ( 5552 ) : 92 . doi : 10.1126 / science. 295.5552. 92 . PMID 11778040 . Jump up ^ Andrews , K ; Reed , S.M. ; Masta , S.E. ( 2007 ) . `` Spiders fluoresce | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_21 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
. Jump up ^ Andrews , K ; Reed , S.M. ; Masta , S.E. ( 2007 ) . `` Spiders fluoresce variably across many taxa '' . Biology Letters. 3 ( 3 ) : 265 -- 7 . doi : 10.1098 / rsbl. 2007.0016 . PMC 2104643 . PMID 17412670 . Jump up ^ Stachel , S.J. ; Stockwell , S.A. ; Van Vranken , D.L. ( 1999 ) . `` The fluorescence of scorpions and cataractogenesis '' . Chemistry & Biology . 6 ( 8 ) : 531 -- 539 . doi : 10.1016 / S1074 - 5521 ( 99 ) 80085 - 4 . PMID 10421760 . Jump up ^ Iriel , A.A. ; Lagorio , M.A.G. ( 2010 ) . `` Is the flower fluorescence relevant in biocommunication ? '' . Naturwissenschaften. 97 ( 10 ) : 915 -- 924 . Bibcode : 2010NW ... 97 ... 915I . doi : 10.1007 / s00114 - 010 - 0709 - 4 . PMID 20811871 . Jump up ^ McDonald , Maurice S. ( 2 June 2003 ) . Photobiology of Higher Plants . John Wiley & Sons . ISBN 9780470855232 . Archived from the original on 21 December 2017 . Jump up ^ Gilmore , F.R. ; Laher , R.R. ; Espy , P.J. ( 1992 ) . `` Franck -- Condon Factors , r - Centroids , Electronic Transition Moments , and Einstein Coefficients for Many Nitrogen and Oxygen Band Systems '' . Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data . 21 ( 5 ) : 1005 . Bibcode : 1992JPCRD ... 21.1005 G . doi : 10.1063 / 1.555910 . Archived from the original on 9 July 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Harris , Tom . `` How Fluorescent Lamps Work '' . HowStuffWorks . Discovery Communications . Archived from the original on 6 July 2010 . Retrieved 27 June 2010 . Jump up ^ Rye , H.S. ; Dabora , J.M. ; Quesada , M.A. ; Mathies , R.A. ; Glazer , A.N. ( 1993 ) . `` Fluorometric Assay Using Dimeric Dyes for Double - and Single - Stranded DNA and RNA with Picogram Sensitivity '' . Analytical Biochemistry . 208 : 144 -- 150 . doi : 10.1006 / abio. 1993.1020 . PMID 7679561 . Jump up ^ Harris , Daniel C. ( 2004 ) . Exploring chemical analysis . Macmillan . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7167 - 0571 - 0 . Archived from the original on 31 July 2016 . Jump up ^ Lakowicz , p. xxvi Jump up ^ Calfon MA , Vinegoni C , Ntziachristos V , Jaffer FA ( 2010 ) . `` Intravascular near - infrared fluorescence molecular imaging of atherosclerosis : toward coronary arterial visualization of biologically high - risk plaques '' . J Biomed Opt. 15 ( 1 ) : 011107 . Bibcode : 2010JBO ... 15a1107C . doi : 10.1117 / 1.3280282 . PMC 3188610 . PMID 20210433 . Jump up ^ Ughi GJ , Wang H , Gerbaud E , Gardecki JA , Fard AM , Hamidi E , et al. ( 2016 ) . `` Clinical Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerosis With Dual - Modality OCT and Near - Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging '' . JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 9 : 1304 -- 1314 . doi : 10.1016 / j. jcmg. 2015.11. 020 . PMC 5010789 . PMID 26971006 . Jump up ^ Hara T , Ughi GJ , McCarthy JR , Erdem SS , Mauskapf A , Lyon SC , et al. ( 2015 ) . `` Intravascular fibrin molecular imaging improves the detection of unhealed stents assessed by optical | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_22 | false | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
fibrin molecular imaging improves the detection of unhealed stents assessed by optical coherence tomography in vivo '' . Eur Heart J : ehv677 . doi : 10.1093 / eurheartj / ehv677 . PMID 26685129 . Jump up ^ Shkolnikov , V ; Santiago , J.G. ( 2013 ) . `` A method for non-invasive full - field imaging and quantification of chemical species '' ( PDF ) . Lab on a Chip. 13 ( 8 ) : 1632 -- 43 . doi : 10.1039 / c3lc41293h . PMID 23463253 . Archived ( PDF ) from the original on 5 March 2016 . Jump up ^ Moczko , E ; Mirkes , EM ; Cáceres , C ; Gorban , AN ; Piletsky , S ( 2016 ) . `` Fluorescence - based assay as a new screening tool for toxic chemicals '' . Scientific Reports . 6 : 33922 . Bibcode : 2016NatSR ... 633922M . doi : 10.1038 / srep33922 . PMC 5031998 . PMID 27653274 . Jump up ^ Hawkins , H. Gene ; Carlson , Paul John and Elmquist , Michael ( 2000 ) `` Evaluation of fluorescent orange signs '' Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. , Texas Transportation Institute Report 2962 - S . Bibliography ( edit ) Lakowicz , Joseph R. ( 1999 ) . Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy . Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers . ISBN 978 - 0 - 387 - 31278 - 1 . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fluorescence . Fluorophores.org , the database of fluorescent dyes FSU.edu , Basic Concepts in Fluorescence `` A nano - history of fluorescence '' lecture by David Jameson Excitation and emission spectra of various fluorescent dyes Database of fluorescent minerals with pictures , activators and spectra ( fluomin.org ) `` Biofluorescent Night Dive -- Dahab / Red Sea ( Egypt ) , Masbat Bay / Mashraba , `` Roman Rock '' `` . YouTube . 9 October 2012 . Steffen O. Beyer . `` FluoPedia.org : Publications '' . fluopedia.org . Steffen O. Beyer . `` FluoMedia.org : Science '' . fluomedia.org . ( hide ) Lamps Lighting Concepts Accent lighting Color temperature Efficiency Glare Lamp Light fixture Light pollution Lightbulb socket Task lighting Methods of generation Incandescent Regular Halogen Nernst Parabolic aluminized reflector ( PAR ) Luminescent Fluorescent Fluorescent lamp ( compact ) Fluorescent induction Photoluminescent laser lamp Chemiluminescent Solid - state LED bulb | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_23 | true | Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. |
Chemiluminescent Solid - state LED bulb Cathodoluminescent Electron - stimulated Electroluminescent field - induced polymer Combustion Acetylene / Carbide Argand Campfire Candle Carcel Diya Flare Gas Kerosene Lantern Limelight Oil Rushlight Safety Tilley Torch Electric arc Carbon arc Klieg light Yablochkov candle Gas discharge Deuterium arc Neon Plasma Sulfur Xenon arc Xenon flash High - intensity discharge ( HID ) Hydrargyrum medium - arc iodide ( HMI ) Hydrargyrum quartz iodide ( HQI ) Mercury - vapor Metal - halide ceramic Sodium vapor Theatrical Cinematic Floodlight Footlight Gobo Scoop Spotlight ellipsoidal reflector Stage lighting instrument Stationary Aircraft warning Balanced - arm lamp Chandelier Emergency light Gas lighting Gooseneck lamp Intelligent street lighting Light tube Nightlight Neon lighting Pendant light Recessed light Sconce Street light Torchère Track lighting Troffer Mobile Flashlight tactical Glow stick Headlamp ( outdoor ) Lantern Laser pointer Navigation light Searchlight Solar lamp Industrial Scientific Germicidal Grow light Infrared lamp Stroboscope Tanning Display Decorative Aroma lamp Black light Bubble light Christmas lights Crackle tube DJ lighting Electroluminescent wire Lava lamp Marquee Plasma globe Strobe light Related topics Bioluminescence Chemiluminescence Electroluminescence Laser Photoluminescence | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_24 | false | Lighting devices are designed to produce light and are used for a variety of purposes, including illumination, decoration, and signaling. These devices can be categorized into different types based on their method of light production and their intended use.
One common type of lighting device is the chemiluminescent solid-state LED bulb, which produces light through a chemical reaction. Another type is the cathodoluminescent electron-stimulated electroluminescent field-induced polymer, which generates light when stimulated by electrons. Additionally, combustion-based lighting devices, such as acetylene/carbide, campfires, candles, and oil lamps, produce light through the process of burning fuel.
Electric arc lighting devices, such as carbon arcs and Yablochkov candles, use an electric arc to produce light. Gas discharge lighting devices, including neon and plasma lights, rely on the discharge of gases to create illumination. High-intensity discharge (HID) lighting devices, such as mercury-vapor and metal-halide lamps, produce light through the ionization of gases.
In the theatrical and cinematic realm, lighting devices like floodlights, spotlights, and stage lighting instruments are used to illuminate performances and events. Stationary lighting devices, such as chandeliers, streetlights, and pendant lights, are used for general illumination and decoration. Mobile lighting devices, including flashlights, lanterns, and headlamps, are designed for portable illumination.
Industrial and scientific lighting devices, such as grow lights and infrared lamps, serve specific purposes in specialized environments. Display and decorative lighting devices, such as Christmas lights and lava lamps, are used for aesthetic and decorative purposes.
In addition to these categories, there are also related topics in the field of lighting, including bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, electroluminescence, lasers, and photoluminescence.
Overall, lighting devices encompass a wide range of technologies and applications, each designed to produce light for various purposes. |
Chemiluminescence Electroluminescence Laser Photoluminescence Radioluminescence GND : 4154818 - 8 NDL : 00565352 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 '' Categories : Fluorescence Dyes Molecular biology Radiochemistry Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from January 2018 Articles with permanently dead external links Use dmy dates from July 2012 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2011 Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015 Articles with unsourced statements from March 2011 Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010 Pages using div col with deprecated parameters Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu বাংলা Български Bosanski Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Қазақша Latina Lietuvių Magyar Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Occitan Piemontèis Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 26 February 2018 , at 19 : 52 . Text is available under the Creative Commons | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_25 | false | Fluorescence is a phenomenon in which a substance absorbs light at a specific wavelength and then re-emits light at a longer wavelength. This process is what gives certain materials the ability to "glow in the dark" or emit visible light. Some common examples of fluorescent materials include certain dyes, molecular biology compounds, and radiochemical substances. Fluorescence is just one type of luminescence, which also includes chemiluminescence, electroluminescence, laser, photoluminescence, and radioluminescence. These different types of luminescence involve various processes for emitting light, but fluorescence specifically refers to the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. This phenomenon has applications in a wide range of fields, including biology, chemistry, and materials science. |
edited on 26 February 2018 , at 19 : 52 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 250,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 711,
"start_token": 632,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 752,
"start_token": 711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 907,
"start_token": 752,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 952,
"start_token": 920,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 952,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1034,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1087,
"start_token": 1034,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1115,
"start_token": 1087,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1177,
"start_token": 1115,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1216,
"start_token": 1177,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1311,
"start_token": 1216,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1364,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1442,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1441,
"start_token": 1398,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1496,
"start_token": 1442,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1543,
"start_token": 1496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1542,
"start_token": 1497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1569,
"start_token": 1543,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1594,
"start_token": 1569,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1593,
"start_token": 1570,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1686,
"start_token": 1594,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1715,
"start_token": 1686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1784,
"start_token": 1754,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1839,
"start_token": 1784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1838,
"start_token": 1785,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1956,
"start_token": 1839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1999,
"start_token": 1956,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1998,
"start_token": 1957,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2172,
"start_token": 1999,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2214,
"start_token": 2179,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2318,
"start_token": 2221,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2327,
"start_token": 2318,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2376,
"start_token": 2327,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2375,
"start_token": 2328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2426,
"start_token": 2376,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2541,
"start_token": 2432,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2588,
"start_token": 2547,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2685,
"start_token": 2596,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2778,
"start_token": 2693,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2906,
"start_token": 2790,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2947,
"start_token": 2914,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3119,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3158,
"start_token": 3123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3230,
"start_token": 3162,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3363,
"start_token": 3243,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3435,
"start_token": 3363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3508,
"start_token": 3446,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3658,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3718,
"start_token": 3663,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3913,
"start_token": 3725,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4109,
"start_token": 3913,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4121,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4319,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4576,
"start_token": 4319,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4616,
"start_token": 4576,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4620,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4779,
"start_token": 4731,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4871,
"start_token": 4791,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5002,
"start_token": 4876,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5105,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5175,
"start_token": 5109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5312,
"start_token": 5186,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5401,
"start_token": 5316,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5522,
"start_token": 5405,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5676,
"start_token": 5528,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5682,
"start_token": 5676,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5782,
"start_token": 5686,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5793,
"start_token": 5782,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5843,
"start_token": 5811,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5892,
"start_token": 5843,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6211,
"start_token": 5892,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6272,
"start_token": 6211,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6339,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6404,
"start_token": 6339,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6459,
"start_token": 6408,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6517,
"start_token": 6466,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6474,
"start_token": 6467,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6487,
"start_token": 6474,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6501,
"start_token": 6487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6516,
"start_token": 6501,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6794,
"start_token": 6549,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6870,
"start_token": 6794,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6933,
"start_token": 6870,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6956,
"start_token": 6933,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7009,
"start_token": 6963,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7093,
"start_token": 7009,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7213,
"start_token": 7104,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7341,
"start_token": 7242,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7359,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7541,
"start_token": 7363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7438,
"start_token": 7364,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7483,
"start_token": 7438,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7508,
"start_token": 7483,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7540,
"start_token": 7508,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8027,
"start_token": 7546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7595,
"start_token": 7547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7611,
"start_token": 7595,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7674,
"start_token": 7611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7709,
"start_token": 7674,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7817,
"start_token": 7709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7843,
"start_token": 7817,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7919,
"start_token": 7843,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7976,
"start_token": 7919,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8026,
"start_token": 7976,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8096,
"start_token": 8033,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8142,
"start_token": 8103,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8196,
"start_token": 8148,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8306,
"start_token": 8208,
"top_level": true
}
] | what is something that gives out light called | [
{
"annotation_id": 8026418448900190000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 0,
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 52
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 141
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Fluorescence&oldid=827795253 | 5,142,987,457,961,702,000 | <P> Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation . It is a form of luminescence . In most cases , the emitted light has a longer wavelength , and therefore lower energy , than the absorbed radiation . The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum , and thus invisible to the human eye , while the emitted light is in the visible region , which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light . Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops , unlike phosphorescence , where they continue to emit light for some time after . </P> | fluorescent | 5142987457961702004_26 | false | The term "something that gives out light" refers to an object or substance that emits light. This can include a wide range of sources such as light bulbs, lamps, and natural phenomena like bioluminescent organisms. The process of emitting light can be achieved through various means such as incandescence, fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Different materials and substances have unique properties that allow them to emit light in different ways. Understanding the science behind light emission is an important aspect of various fields including physics, chemistry, and engineering. |
Ant - Man and the Wasp - wikipedia Ant - Man and the Wasp This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 30 October 2018 . 2018 superhero film produced by Marvel Studios Ant - Man and the Wasp Theatrical release poster Directed by Peyton Reed Produced by Kevin Feige Stephen Broussard Written by Chris McKenna Erik Sommers Paul Rudd Andrew Barrer Gabriel Ferrari Based on Ant - Man by Stan Lee Larry Lieber Jack Kirby Wasp by Stan Lee Ernie Hart Jack Kirby Starring Paul Rudd Evangeline Lilly Michael Peña Walton Goggins Bobby Cannavale Judy Greer Tip `` T.I. '' Harris David Dastmalchian Hannah John - Kamen Abby Ryder Fortson Randall Park Michelle Pfeiffer Laurence Fishburne Michael Douglas Music by Christophe Beck Cinematography Dante Spinotti Edited by Dan Lebental Craig Wood Production company Marvel Studios Distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures Release date June 25 , 2018 ( 2018 - 06 - 25 ) ( El Capitan Theatre ) July 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 07 - 06 ) ( United States ) Running time 118 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $162 -- 195 million Box office $622.5 million Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_1 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang/Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne/Wasp. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the sequel to 2015's Ant-Man, and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers, and Paul Rudd, Andrew Barrer, and Gabriel Ferrari. It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne, alongside Michael Peña, Walton Goggins, Bobby Cannavale, Judy Greer, Tip "T.I." Harris, David Dastmalchian, Hannah John-Kamen, Abby Ryder Fortson, Randall Park, Michelle Pfeiffer, and Laurence Fishburne.
The film was released on June 25, 2018, at the El Capitan Theatre and on July 6, 2018, in the United States. It has a running time of 118 minutes and was produced with a budget of $162-195 million. The box office earnings for Ant-Man and the Wasp totaled $622.5 million.
Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel production, and it is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. |
, Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . Talks for a sequel to Ant - Man began shortly after that film was released . Ant - Man and the Wasp was officially announced in October 2015 , with Rudd and Lilly returning to reprise their roles . A month later , Ant - Man director Reed was officially set to return ; he was excited to develop the film from the beginning after joining the first film later in the process , and also to introduce Hope van Dyne as the Wasp in this film , insisting that she and Lang are equals . Filming took place from August to November 2017 , at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County , Georgia , as well as Metro Atlanta , San Francisco , Savannah , Georgia , and Hawaii . Ant - Man and the Wasp had its world premiere in Hollywood on June 25 , 2018 , and was released on July 6 , 2018 , in the United States in IMAX and 3D . The film received praise for its levity , humor , and performances , particularly those of Rudd and Lilly , and has grossed over $622 million worldwide , making it the seventh - highest - grossing film of 2018 . Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Production 3.1 Development 3.2 Pre-production 3.3 Filming 3.4 Post-production 3.4. 1 Visual effects 4 Music 5 Marketing 6 Release 6.1 Theatrical 6.2 Home media 7 Reception 7.1 Box office 7.2 Critical response 8 Future 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 12 External links Plot ( edit ) Two years after Scott Lang was placed on house arrest because of his role in skirmishes between the Avengers in violation of the Sokovia Accords , Hank Pym and his daughter Hope van Dyne briefly manage to open a tunnel to the quantum realm , where they believe Pym 's wife Janet van Dyne might be trapped after shrinking to sub-atomic levels in 1987 . Because he also visited the quantum realm , Lang is now quantumly entangled with Janet and receives an apparent message from her . With only days left of house arrest , Lang sends a message to Pym about this despite the strained relationship they have due to Lang 's actions with the Avengers . Soon after , Hope and Pym kidnap Lang , leaving a decoy so as not to arouse suspicion from FBI agent Jimmy Woo . Seeing the message as confirmation that Janet is alive , the trio work to create a stable tunnel so they can take a vehicle to the quantum realm and retrieve her . They arrange to buy a part needed for the tunnel from black market dealer Sonny Burch , who it turns out has realized the potential profit that can be | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_2 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film that features characters such as Scott Lang, Hank Pym, Hope van Dyne, and Janet van Dyne. The movie was officially announced in October 2015, with filming taking place from August to November 2017. Ant-Man and the Wasp had its world premiere in Hollywood on June 25, 2018, and was released on July 6, 2018, in the United States. The film received praise for its humor, performances, and has grossed over $622 million worldwide, making it the seventh-highest-grossing film of 2018. |
black market dealer Sonny Burch , who it turns out has realized the potential profit that can be earned from Pym 's research and double - crosses them . Donning the Wasp outfit , Hope fights Burch and his men off until she is attacked by a quantumly unstable masked woman . Lang tries to help fight off this `` ghost '' , but she escapes with Pym 's lab , which has been shrunk down to the size and usefulness of carry - on luggage . The three reluctantly visit Pym 's estranged former partner Bill Foster who helps them locate the lab . The ghost restrains Lang , Hope , and Pym when they arrive and reveals herself to be Ava Starr . Her father Elihas , another former partner of Pym 's , accidentally killed himself and his wife during a quantum experiment that caused Ava 's unstable state . Foster reveals that he has been helping Ava , whom they plan to cure using Janet 's quantum energy . Believing that this will kill Janet , Pym refuses to help them and the trio escape . Opening a stable version of the tunnel this time , the three are able to contact Janet , who gives them a precise location to find her but warns that they only have two hours before the unstable nature of the realm separates them for a century . Burch learns their location from Lang 's business partners Luis , Dave , and Kurt , and informs a contact at the FBI . Luis warns Lang , who rushes home before Woo can see him violating his house arrest . This leaves Pym and Hope to be arrested , allowing Ava to take their lab . Lang is soon able to help Pym and Hope escape custody , and they find the lab . Lang and Hope distract Ava while Pym enters the quantum realm to retrieve Janet , but the pair end up fighting Burch and his men , which allows Ava to begin taking Janet 's energy . Luis , Dave , and Kurt help incapacitate Burch and his men so that Lang and Hope can stop Ava . Pym and Janet arrive safely from the quantum realm and Janet voluntarily gifts some of her energy to Ava to temporarily stabilize her . Lang returns home once again , in time for a now suspicious Woo to release him at the end of his house arrest . Ava and Foster go into hiding . In a mid-credits scene , Pym , Lang , Hope , and Janet plan to harvest quantum energy to continue helping Ava . While Lang is in the quantum realm doing this , the other three disintegrate . Cast ( edit ) Paul Rudd as Scott Lang / Ant - Man : A former petty criminal who acquired a suit that allows him to shrink or grow in scale while also increasing in strength . Following the events of Captain America : Civil War , in which Lang escapes from the Raft prison , director Peyton Reed said that `` he 's a fugitive in most of the first Ant - Man movie . He 's just a bigger fugitive now . '' Rudd was interested in Lang being a regular person rather than `` innately heroic or super '' , and to be driven by his desire to be a responsible parent . Evangeline Lilly as Hope van | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_3 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film that features the characters Scott Lang/Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne/The Wasp. The storyline involves a black market dealer, Sonny Burch, who double-crosses the protagonists in an attempt to profit from Pym's research. The characters encounter a quantumly unstable masked woman, Ava Starr, who is revealed to be the daughter of Pym's former partner. The film also includes a mid-credits scene that sets up future developments in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. |
and to be driven by his desire to be a responsible parent . Evangeline Lilly as Hope van Dyne / Wasp : The daughter of Hank Pym and Janet van Dyne , who is handed down a similar suit and the Wasp mantle from her mother . The writers were excited to properly introduce the character as the Wasp , showing her `` power set , how she fights , and what are the injustices that matter to her '' . Lilly felt the character has `` incredible satisfaction '' in becoming the Wasp , `` something that she has been waiting for her whole life , which is essentially an affirmation from her father '' . Her relationship with Lang is more complicated than in the first film , and includes anger towards his actions during Civil War . Lilly felt it was important that Hope `` be an extremely empathetic and compassionate person '' and `` to always push for feminine qualities to be apparent when she is dealing with situations '' . In her fight sequences , Lilly wanted to move away from the more masculine Muay Thai and MMA - style of fighting she learned for the first film , noting that Hope moves differently than a man , so her fights should have `` elegance , grace and femininity '' with `` a signature style '' young girls could enjoy and emulate . Lilly worked with the writers to help ensure Hope was able to `` represent a modern woman '' without becoming the stereotype of a motherly figure . Madeleine McGraw portrays a young Hope van Dyne . Michael Peña as Luis : Lang 's former cellmate and a member of his X-Con Security crew . There was less opportunity for Peña to improvise compared to the first film , where he and Rudd were still developing the character during filming . The creative team wanted to feature another scene of Luis `` riffing a long story '' as he did in the first film , but did not want to repeat themselves ; they were able to take a different approach by giving the character truth serum in the scene for this film . Walton Goggins as Sonny Burch : A `` low - level criminal - type '' who seeks to obtain Pym 's technology for sale on the black market . Bobby Cannavale as Jim Paxton : A police officer and husband to Lang 's ex-wife Maggie . Judy Greer as Maggie : Lang 's ex-wife . Tip `` T.I. '' Harris as Dave : A member of Lang 's X-Con Security crew . David Dastmalchian as Kurt : A member of Lang 's X-Con Security crew . Hannah John - Kamen as Ava Starr / Ghost : A woman with molecular instability , who can phase through objects ; she is only considered a `` villain '' because her attempts at survival clash with the heroes ' goals . The character is traditionally portrayed as male in the comics , but the creative team believed that the character 's gender was irrelevant to its portrayal , and felt casting a woman would be more interesting ; it also allowed them to continue the theme of fathers and daughters seen with other characters in the film . John - Kamen | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_4 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, featuring characters from the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film includes characters such as Scott Lang / Ant-Man, Hope van Dyne / Wasp, Luis, Sonny Burch, Jim Paxton, Maggie, Dave, Kurt, and Ava Starr / Ghost. The film explores the relationships and dynamics between these characters, as well as their individual motivations and abilities. The portrayal of these characters and their interactions is a key aspect of the film, and it is set within the Marvel universe. |
continue the theme of fathers and daughters seen with other characters in the film . John - Kamen enjoyed this `` blank - slate '' aspect , allowing her to mold the character as her own . Producer Stephen Broussard said that they wanted to cast a lesser - known actress to help maintain the mystery of the character , and John - Kamen `` blew us away '' . RaeLynn Bratten portrays a young Ava Starr . Abby Ryder Fortson as Cassie : The daughter of Lang and Maggie . Randall Park as Jimmy Woo : An FBI agent and Lang 's parole officer . Michelle Pfeiffer as Janet van Dyne : The original Wasp who is lost in the quantum realm . She is Pym 's wife and Hope 's mother . Pfeiffer was Reed 's dream casting for the role since his time working on the first film , and he ensured that he received her input on the character . He noted that the character has spent 30 years in the quantum realm , so there is a question regarding how that has affected her . Producer Kevin Feige explained that the character ages over those 30 years even though time works differently in the quantum realm to avoid any `` sci - fi weirdness '' that could take away from the emotional reunions with Pym and Hope in the film . Hayley Lovitt stands in for a young Janet van Dyne , reprising her role from the first film ; according to Reed , she had been cast in the first film , before Pfeiffer 's involvement , due to her `` saucer - like , Michelle Pfeiffer eyes . '' Laurence Fishburne as Bill Foster : An old friend of Pym who was once his assistant on Project Goliath . Fishburne had approached Marvel about joining the MCU , pitching them a few ideas for whom he could portray , before Marvel offered him the role of Foster in the film . Despite having already portrayed Perry White for the DC Extended Universe , Fishburne said that he had always fantasized about being in an MCU film , admitting that he considered himself a `` Marvel guy '' . Reed likened the rivalry between Foster and Pym to that of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates , and wanted an actor who can go `` toe - to - toe '' with Michael Douglas . Langston Fishburne , Laurence 's son , stands in for a young Bill Foster . Michael Douglas as Hank Pym : A former S.H.I.E.L.D. agent , entomologist , and physicist who became the original Ant - Man after discovering the subatomic particles that make the transformation possible . Pym has grown a lot closer to his daughter Hope since the first film , and according to Feige he has `` that joy of fatherhood '' in watching her become a superhero in her own right . Reed was attracted to the `` morally dubious '' decisions Pym sometimes makes . Dax Griffin stands in for a young Hank Pym , having done so for the first film as well . Additionally Stan Lee , co-creator of the titular heroes , has a cameo in the film as a man whose car gets shrunk by accident . Michael Cerveris appears as Ava 's father Elihas Starr while Riann Steele plays | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_5 | true | Ant-Man and The Wasp is a Marvel film that features a variety of characters, including the original Wasp, Janet van Dyne, and her husband Hank Pym, who is the original Ant-Man. The film also introduces Bill Foster, an old friend of Pym, and his daughter Hope, who becomes a superhero in her own right. The character of Ava Starr, also known as Ghost, is portrayed by Hannah John-Kamen, who enjoyed the opportunity to mold the character as her own. The film also features a cameo by Stan Lee, the co-creator of the titular heroes. Additionally, the character of Cassie, the daughter of Scott Lang and Maggie, is portrayed by Abby Ryder Fortson. The film also includes other characters such as Jimmy Woo, an FBI agent and Lang's parole officer, and Elihas Starr, Ava's father. The film is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and is not associated with DC. |
by accident . Michael Cerveris appears as Ava 's father Elihas Starr while Riann Steele plays his wife Catherine . Tim Heidecker and Brian Huskey appear in cameos as a whale boat captain named Daniel Gooobler and a teacher at Cassie 's school , respectively . Sonny Burch 's team of men includes Divian Ladwa as Uzman , Goran Kostić as Anitolov , and Rob Archer as Knox , while Sean Kleier portrays Stoltz , Burch 's FBI inside man and Jimmy Woo 's subordinate . Tom Scharpling and Jon Wurster of The Best Show make brief appearances as Burch 's SUV drivers . Production ( edit ) Development ( edit ) It 's such a no - brainer that there needs to be female heroes ... In the ' 60s comics , the Janet van Dyne Wasp was clearly written by all men and was pretty one - dimensional . She 's gotten much more dimensionalized since then . That 's one of those things that I think is going to be really exciting ( in this film ) . -- Director Peyton Reed on the Wasp 's inclusion in the film In June 2015 , Ant - Man director Peyton Reed expressed interest in returning for a sequel or prequel to that film , saying that he had `` really fallen in love with these characters '' and felt `` there 's a lot of story to tell with Hank Pym '' . A month later , Pym actor Michael Douglas said he was not signed for any additional films , but `` would look forward to more if it comes my way '' , and expressed the desire to have his wife Catherine Zeta - Jones cast as Janet van Dyne for a potential follow - up . Evangeline Lilly -- who played the daughter of Pym and Van Dyne , Hope van Dyne -- wanted to see Michelle Pfeiffer in the role . Producer Kevin Feige revealed that the studio had a `` supercool idea '' for the next Ant - Man film , and `` if audiences want it , we 'll find a place to do it . '' Reed also mentioned that there had been talks of making a standalone adventure with Hank Pym as Ant - Man , possibly including the original opening to Ant - Man featuring Jordi Mollà which was cut from the final film . Eric Eisenberg of Cinema Blend opined that a standalone adventure with Pym and the cut sequence would be a good candidate to revive the Marvel One - Shots short film series . By the end of July , David Dastmalchian expressed interest in returning for a sequel as Kurt . In October 2015 , Marvel Studios confirmed the sequel , titled Ant - Man and the Wasp , with a scheduled release date of July 6 , 2018 . Reed was in negotiations to direct the sequel by the end of the month , and announced his return in November , along with the confirmation of Paul Rudd and Lilly returning as Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp , respectively . Despite being offered to direct sequels in the past , Reed had never done so out of a lack of interest , but was excited to work on Ant - Man and the Wasp because there was `` a lot more story to tell with these characters that I have a genuine affection and kind of protective feeling | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_6 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a sequel to the original Ant-Man film, and it is confirmed to be a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film features returning characters such as Scott Lang/Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne/Wasp, and it is directed by Peyton Reed. The sequel was officially confirmed by Marvel Studios in October 2015, with a scheduled release date of July 6, 2018. The return of the director and main cast members, along with the overall storyline, solidifies the fact that Ant-Man and the Wasp is indeed a part of the Marvel franchise. Therefore, it can be concluded that Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
story to tell with these characters that I have a genuine affection and kind of protective feeling about '' . He was also able to build the sequel `` from the ground up '' , as he joined the first film late in the process following the departure of original writer and director Edgar Wright , and wanted to explore elements that he had set up in the first film . He first began work on an outline for the sequel , which he thought could be `` weird , unique and different '' now that the characters ' origins had been established . On being the first MCU film to have a female character in the title with the Wasp , Reed called it `` organic '' and noted the Wasp 's final line in Ant - Man -- ' It 's about damn time ' -- as `` very much about her specific character and arc in that movie , but it is absolutely about a larger thing . It 's about damn time : We 're going to have a fully realized , very very complicated hero in the next movie who happens to be a woman . '' Reed would push to ensure the Wasp received equal publicity and merchandise for the film , and wanted to explore the backstory of Janet van Dyne as well . He had `` definite ideas '' of who should portray that character . Reed said the alternate title Wasp and the Ant - Man was briefly considered , but was not chosen due to fan expectation given the comics history of the phrase `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . That month , Adam McKay , one of the writers of Ant - Man , expressed interest in returning to write the film , and Douglas confirmed that he was in talks to return as well . Director Peyton Reed was excited to develop the sequel from `` the ground up '' after joining the first Ant - Man late in the process Reed stated in early December that the film may `` call back '' to the heist film genre and tone of Ant - Man , but that Ant - Man and the Wasp would `` have an entirely different genre template '' . He hoped to incorporate additional flashback sequences in the film , as well as explore Pym 's various identities from the comics and his psychology . Reed also said he was `` excited '' about exploring and discovering the film version of the Ant - Man and Wasp relationship that is `` a romantic partnership and a heroic partnership '' in the comics , a `` different dynamic than we 've seen in the rest of the ( MCU ) , an actual partnership . '' Additionally , Reed mentioned that pre-production would `` probably '' start in October 2016 , with filming scheduled for early 2017 . Production writers for the first film , Gabriel Ferrari and Andrew Barrer , signed on to write the script along with Rudd , with writing starting `` in earnest '' in January 2016 . The next month , McKay stated that he would be involved with the film in some capacity . By April , the four writers and Reed had been `` holed up in a room ... brainstorming the story '' , with Reed promising that it would have `` stuff in it that you 've never ever seen in a movie before '' . Feige added that they wanted to | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_7 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, not DC. The film was developed by director Peyton Reed, who joined the first Ant-Man late in the process and was excited to develop the sequel from "the ground up." The film is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and features the first female character in the title with the Wasp. The Wasp's final line in Ant-Man, "It's about damn time," is seen as a nod to the larger significance of having a fully realized, complicated female hero in the next movie. The film is a continuation of the Marvel franchise and is not associated with DC Comics. |
`` stuff in it that you 've never ever seen in a movie before '' . Feige added that they wanted to `` stay true to what made ( Ant - Man ) so unique and different '' , and teased the potential of seeing the Giant - Man version of Lang that had been introduced in Captain America : Civil War ( 2016 ) . Despite being `` intimately involved in the writing and the development of the script '' , Reed did not take or receive a writing credit on the film . In June 2016 , Reed said that for inspiration from the comics he had been looking at `` early Avengers stuff and all the way up to the Nick Spencer stuff now '' , and was focusing on iconic images that could be replicated in the film over story beats from the comics . He added that there was `` definitely a chance '' for Michael Peña , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , and Dastmalchian to reprise their respective roles as Luis , Dave , and Kurt from the first film . At San Diego Comic - Con 2016 , Feige stated that Reed and Rudd were still working on the script , and that filming was now expected to begin in June 2017 . Rudd elaborated that they had `` turned in a treatment , but it 's so preliminary . We 'll see . We have an idea of what it might look like , but it could change a lot from where we 're at now . '' The next month , Peña was confirmed to be returning as Luis , while filming was revealed to be taking place in Atlanta , Georgia . In early October , an initial script had been completed for the film that was awaiting approval from Marvel . Reed later revealed that early drafts of the script included a cameo appearance from Captain America , appearing during Luis ' flashback sequences as he was recapping Lang 's involvement in the airport battle in Captain America : Civil War . However , the writers chose to remove the appearance in the final script since the events of Civil War were already referenced frequently in the film , and this instance `` did n't feel organic to the story . '' Pre-production ( edit ) At the start of November 2016 , Reed said that the film 's production would transition from `` the writing phase '' to `` official prep '' that month , beginning with visual development . Reed reiterated his excitement for introducing the Wasp and `` really designing her look , the way she moves , the power set , and figuring out , sort of , who Hope van Dyne is as a hero '' . Reed was inspired by the films After Hours ( 1985 ) , Midnight Run ( 1988 ) , and What 's Up , Doc ? ( 1972 ) for the look and feel of Ant - Man and the Wasp . While the first film was more of a heist film , Reed described this as part action film , part romantic comedy , and was inspired by the works of Elmore Leonard where there are `` villains , but we also have antagonists , and we have these roadblocks to our heroes getting to where they need to be '' . He also stated his disappointment in the Giant - Man introduction happening in Civil War , rather than an Ant - Man film , but noted that | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_8 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, as part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film's production involved input from director Peyton Reed and actor Paul Rudd, who were both involved in the writing and development of the script. The film also drew inspiration from various comic book storylines and iconic images, with the potential for the return of certain characters from the first Ant-Man film. The production transitioned from the writing phase to official prep in November 2016, with a focus on visual development and the introduction of the Wasp as a new hero. The film is part action film, part romantic comedy, and draws inspiration from various sources for its look and feel. Despite the introduction of Giant-Man in Captain America: Civil War, Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
Giant - Man introduction happening in Civil War , rather than an Ant - Man film , but noted that the appearance provided character development opportunities between Lang , Pym , and Van Dyne since Pym is `` very clear in the first movie about how he feels about Stark and how he feels about The Avengers and being very protective of this technology that he has '' , and so Reed thought Pym would be `` pissed '' and Van Dyne would feel betrayed , which was Reed 's `` in '' for those characters ' starting dynamics . Reed added that he spends `` a lot of time '' talking with the other writers and directors of MCU films , and that he and the writers on this film wished to maintain `` our little Ant - Man corner of the universe . Because it 's a whole different vibe tonally '' . Quantum physicist Spyridon Michalakis from the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter at the California Institute of Technology returned to consult on the film , after doing the same on Ant - Man , and explained the science behind getting extremely small to the filmmakers . Michalakis described the subatomic realm as `` a place of infinite possibility , an alternative universe where the laws of physics and forces of nature as we know them have n't crystallized '' and suggested it should be represented in the film by `` beautiful colors changing constantly to reflect transience . '' In February 2017 , Douglas confirmed that he would reprise his role as Hank Pym in the film . During the Hollywood premiere of Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 in April , Dastmalchian confirmed his return as Kurt , and a month later , Harris confirmed his return as Dave as well . Through that May , Marvel was meeting with several actresses for a `` key role '' in the sequel , with Hannah John - Kamen cast in the part at the beginning of June . The following month , Randall Park joined the cast as Jimmy Woo , and Walton Goggins was cast in an undisclosed role . At San Diego Comic - Con 2017 , Park 's casting was confirmed ; John - Kamen and Goggins ' roles were revealed to be Ghost and Sonny Burch , respectively ; and the casting of Pfeiffer as Janet van Dyne and Laurence Fishburne as Bill Foster was announced . Judy Greer was confirmed to be reprising her role as Maggie from the previous film the following week . Louise Frogley served as costume designer on the film after doing so for Marvel 's Spider - Man : Homecoming ( 2017 ) , and worked with Ivo Coveney to create the superhero suits for the film . Based on designs by Andy Park , the suits are updated for the film from the 1960s - inspired designs used in the first Ant - Man to more modern designs . The Wasp suit included practical wings which were replaced with digital wings for when they are expanded and ready for flight . The Russo brothers , directors of Avengers : Infinity War and its untitled sequel , which were filming while Ant - Man and the Wasp was preparing to film , were in constant discussion with Reed in order | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_9 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, not a DC film. The movie is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and features characters from the Marvel comics. The film includes appearances from characters such as Hank Pym, Janet van Dyne, and Scott Lang, who are all part of the Marvel universe. The Wasp suit included practical wings which were replaced with digital wings for when they are expanded and ready for flight. The Russo brothers, directors of Avengers: Infinity War and its untitled sequel, were in constant discussion with Reed in order to maintain continuity within the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Therefore, it is clear that Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
while Ant - Man and the Wasp was preparing to film , were in constant discussion with Reed in order to ensure story elements would line up between the films . Joe Russo added that Ant - Man and the Wasp would have `` some ( plot ) elements that stitch in '' closely with Avengers : Infinity War , more so than some of the other films leading up to the Avengers films . Reed knew Ant - Man and the Wasp would be `` a fairly stand - alone movie but ... could not ignore the events of Infinity War '' , with the biggest connection occurring in the film 's mid-credit scene . Since the events of Ant - Man and the Wasp occur over 48 hours , the timeline in relation to Infinity War was `` left purposefully ambiguous '' with Reed noting there had been discussions of placing `` little Easter eggs along the way , to start to reveal to the audience where the movie takes place in the timeline , ( but t ) hat felt not very fun to us and kind of obvious . '' Reed also like the fact the film ends with closure and on a positive note `` and then to BANG -- give the audience a gut punch right after the main credits '' , with the sequence showing Hank Pym , Janet van Dyne , and Hope van Dyne fading away due to the events of Avengers : Infinity War . The film also has a post-credit scene that shows the ant who doubled for Lang while under house arrest performing a drum solo . Filming ( edit ) Additional filming took place in San Francisco , the setting of the film , including for an action sequence on Lombard Street ( pictured ) Principal photography began on August 1 , 2017 , at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County , Georgia , under the working title Cherry Blue ; Dante Spinotti served as director of photography , shooting on Arri Alexa 65 cameras , with some sequences being shot with a Frazier lens . At the start of filming , Marvel revealed that Bobby Cannavale and Abby Ryder Fortson would also reprise their roles from the first film , respectively as Paxton and Cassie , and that Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers had contributed to the screenplay . The film 's lab and quantum tunnel set was inspired by The Time Tunnel ( 1966 -- 67 ) , and was the largest physical set built for an MCU film , which Reed jokingly said was `` a little counter-intuitive '' . For the sequence where Janet Van Dyne communicates through Lang , inspiration was taken from All of Me ( 1984 ) in which Lily Tomlin 's character is tripped in the body of Steve Martin 's character . There were discussions about having Pfeiffer perform the scene first to give Rudd an idea of how she would act , but the group ultimately decided to let Rudd invent the scene completely himself . For the chamber in Ghost 's lair , the production team under production designer Shepherd Frankel wanted to create an environment that was unique to the MCU , and designed the chamber with fresnel lenses to give it concentric - circle patterns that served a practical purpose for the film 's story as | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_10 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film that was closely connected to the events of Avengers: Infinity War. The film's director, Reed, made sure that the story elements lined up between the two films, with the biggest connection occurring in the mid-credit scene. The film also has a post-credit scene that shows the ant who doubled for Lang while under house arrest performing a drum solo. Filming took place in San Francisco, and principal photography began on August 1, 2017, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia. The film's lab and quantum tunnel set was inspired by The Time Tunnel (1966-67) and was the largest physical set built for an MCU film. The production team wanted to create an environment that was unique to the MCU, and designed the chamber with fresnel lenses to give it concentric-circle patterns that served a practical purpose for the film's story. Overall, Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
to give it concentric - circle patterns that served a practical purpose for the film 's story as well as differentiating the aesthetics of it from other sets and creating mystery about the character . The chamber is surrounded by `` support shapes '' to `` create this feeling of desperation and yearning for family and stability '' . Filming also took place in Metro Atlanta , with filming locations including the Atlanta International School , the Midtown and Buckhead districts of Atlanta , and the Samuel M. Inman Middle School in the city 's Virginia - Highland neighborhood ; as well as Emory University and the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton , Georgia . Additional filming took place in San Francisco in September 2017 , in Savannah , Georgia in late October , and in Hawaii . Production wrapped on November 19 , 2017 . Post-production ( edit ) In late November , Lilly said that the characters would try to enter the quantum realm in the film , and their potential success would `` open a whole entire new multi-verse to enter into and play around in '' for the MCU . The film includes a clip from Animal House ( 1978 ) , which Reed was reminded of while discussing the quantum realm science for the film . Reed insisted that the film be shorter than two hours since it would be following the `` massive epic '' Infinity War and because it is `` an action / comedy , and it did n't want to overstay its welcome '' . The film 's main credits sequence is a `` table - top '' version of its action sequences , and was created by Elastic . An alternative idea that had been considered was to create a `` fake behind - the - scenes documentary '' that would have made the film look like it was a 1950s Godzilla movie with `` people in suits stomping on model cityscapes '' . Visual effects ( edit ) Michelle Pfeiffer was digitally de-aged in Ant - Man and the Wasp ( top ) to appear as she did circa 1985 ( bottom ) Visual effects for the film were created by DNEG , Scanline VFX , Method Studios , Luma Pictures , Lola VFX , Industrial Light & Magic , Cinesite , Rise FX , Rodeo FX , Crafty Apes , Perception NYC , Digital Domain , and The Third Floor . DNEG worked on over 500 shots , including the effects for Ghost -- which were shared with the other vendors -- the third act chase sequence , and the final Ghost fight as Hank and Janet are returning from the quantum realm . For the `` macro-photography '' sequences in the film , DNEG took a different approach from their work in Ant - Man due to issues including trying to get a camera to seem small enough to capture the small actions . Though some of the film was shot with a Frazier lens that provides extra depth of field , DNEG would still need to `` re-project the road higher and `` raise the floor level '' to simulate a tiny sized camera `` . As the third act chase sequence was mainly shot in Atlanta , while being set in San Francisco , DNEG VFX Supervisor Alessandro Ongaro | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_11 | false | Ant-Man and The Wasp is a Marvel film that features visual effects created by various studios including DNEG, Scanline VFX, Method Studios, Luma Pictures, Lola VFX, Industrial Light & Magic, Cinesite, Rise FX, Rodeo FX, Crafty Apes, Perception NYC, Digital Domain, and The Third Floor. The film was primarily shot in Metro Atlanta, with additional filming locations in San Francisco, Savannah, and Hawaii. The main credits sequence of the film is a "table-top" version of its action sequences, and was created by Elastic. The film is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and follows the events of the previous film, Ant-Man. |
mainly shot in Atlanta , while being set in San Francisco , DNEG VFX Supervisor Alessandro Ongaro noted it required `` extensive environment work '' with background elements in some shots not being salvageable at all . DNEG ultimately created 130 unique environments for the chase . Clear Angle aided DNEG with the Lidar surveying and photography of San Francisco , and were able to get their information for Lombard Street down to the millimeter resolution . Lola once again worked on the de-aging sequences with Douglas , Pfeiffer , and Fishburne . The flashback sequences featuring a younger Hank Pym were set around the same time as the flashback sequences of Ant - Man , so Lola were able to use a similar process , referencing Douglas ' appearance in Wall Street ( 1987 ) and having the actor on set in a different wardrobe and wig . Lola VFX Supervisor Trent Claus felt Pfeiffer 's was less complicated , since `` she has aged incredibly well '' and still has big hair and a big smile . Pfeiffer 's work from Ladyhawke ( 1985 ) and other films around that time was referenced . For Fishburne , his son served as his younger double , and helped inform Lola how the older Fishburne 's skin would have looked in certain lighting situations . The films Lola looked to for Fishburne 's younger self included Boyz n the Hood ( 1991 ) and Deep Cover ( 1992 ) . Lola also made Fishburne thinner , and all actors had their posture adjusted . Luma worked on the scenes where Ant - Man and the Wasp infiltrate Ghost 's hideout , where they had to recreate the entire environment with CGI . They also created the first quantum tunnel sequence where Ghost receives her powers , and the flashback missile launch , which had to be replicated exactly from how it appeared in Ant - Man . The new version of the quantum realm , designed by Reed and production VFX supervisor Stephane Ceretti , was created by Method . Method Studios VFX Supervisor Andrew Hellen , explained , `` We did a lot of research into macro and cellular level photography , and played with different ways to visualize quantum mechanics . It has a very magical quality , with a scientific edge . We also used glitching effects and macro lensing to ground the footage , and keep it from feeling too terrestrial . '' Method also worked on the sequence when Lang is the size of a preschooler , and created the digital doubles for Ant - Man and Wasp ; Method used the same level of detail on the digital double suits regardless of what scale they were . Music ( edit ) Main article : Ant - Man and the Wasp ( soundtrack ) In June 2017 , Reed confirmed that Christophe Beck , who composed the score for Ant - Man , would return for Ant - Man and the Wasp . Beck reprised his main theme from Ant - Man , and also wrote a new one for Wasp that he wanted to be `` high energy '' and show that she is more certain of her abilities than Lang . When choosing between these themes for specific scenes throughout | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_12 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film that was mainly shot in Atlanta, but set in San Francisco. The film required extensive environment work, with DNEG ultimately creating 130 unique environments for the chase scenes. Lola VFX worked on the de-aging sequences for the characters, while Luma worked on creating CGI environments for various scenes. The film's soundtrack was composed by Christophe Beck, who also worked on the score for the first Ant-Man film. |
of her abilities than Lang . When choosing between these themes for specific scenes throughout the film , Beck tried to choose the Wasp theme more often so there would be `` enough newness in the score to feel like it 's going new places , and is n't just some retread . '' Hollywood Records and Marvel Music released the soundtrack album digitally on July 6 , 2018 . Marketing ( edit ) Concept art and `` pre-CGI video '' for the film was shown at the 2017 San Diego Comic - Con . In January 2018 , Hyundai Motor America announced that the 2019 Hyundai Veloster would play a significant role in the film , with other Hyundai vehicles also appearing . The first trailer for the film was released on January 30 , 2018 on Good Morning America , and used the guitar riff from Adam and the Ants ' `` Ants Invasion '' . David Betancourt of The Washington Post called the release , the day after the widely praised Black Panther premiere , a `` smart move '' ; with Black Panther and Avengers : Infinity War also releasing in 2018 , `` it can be easy ( to ) forget that hey , there is an Ant - Man sequel coming this year ... So Marvel Studios giving us a quick reminder with this trailer release is logical '' . Tracy Brown , writing for the Los Angeles Times , praised how the trailer prominently featured Lilly 's Van Dyne `` ( showing ) off how she was always meant to be a superhero '' . A second trailer was released on May 1 , 2018 , following a teaser video featuring the Infinity War cast asking `` where were Ant - Man and The Wasp ? '' in that film . Graeme McMillan of The Hollywood Reporter felt the trailer made the film feel `` very much like an intentional antidote for , or at least alternative to , the grimness of Infinity War 's downbeat ending '' , calling it `` a smart move '' since it could be considered `` a palate cleanser and proof that Marvel has more to offer ... before audiences dive back into the core narrative with next year 's Captain Marvel . '' In June 2018 , Feige presented several scenes from the film at CineEurope . Promotional partners for the film included Dell , Synchrony Financial , and Sprint . In total , Disney spent about $154 million worldwide on promoting the film . Release ( edit ) Theatrical ( edit ) Ant - Man and the Wasp had its world premiere at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood on June 25 , 2018 , and was released in the United States on July 6 , 2018 , where it opened in 4,206 theaters , of which 3,000 were in 3D , 403 were in IMAX , over 660 were in premium large format , and over 220 were in D - Box and 4D . The film was scheduled to be released in the United Kingdom on June 29 , 2018 , but was rescheduled in November 2017 to August 3 , 2018 , in order to avoid competition with the 2018 FIFA World Cup . Charles Gant of The Guardian and Screen International noted , `` The worry for film distributors is that audiences will be caught up in the tournament . So it 's | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_13 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp. The film was directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers, and Paul Rudd, Andrew Barrer, and Gabriel Ferrari. It is the sequel to 2015's Ant-Man and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne, alongside Michael Peña, Walton Goggins, Bobby Cannavale, Judy Greer, Tip "T.I." Harris, David Dastmalchian, Hannah John-Kamen, Abby Ryder Fortson, Randall Park, Michelle Pfeiffer, Laurence Fishburne, and Michael Douglas. In Ant-Man and the Wasp, the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm.
The film was officially announced in October 2015, with Rudd and Reed returning. By the following April, Ant-Man and the Wasp had been officially titled, and Rudd and Barrer had joined the writing team. A month later, casting of the new roles began, with the hiring of Lilly and the announcement that the film would be the first in the MCU to feature a female hero in the title. Reed was confirmed to return that July, and filming took place in Metro Atlanta from August to November 2017.
Ant-Man and the Wasp had its world premiere at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood on June 25, 2018, and was released in the United States on July 6, 2018. The film was released in 4,206 theaters, of which 3,000 were in 3D, 403 were in IMAX, over 660 were in premium large format, and over 220 were in D-Box and 4D. The film was scheduled to be released in the United Kingdom on June 29, 2018, but was rescheduled in November 2017 to August 3, 2018, in order to avoid competition with the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
The film's soundtrack album was released digitally on July 6, 2018, by Hollywood Records and Marvel Music. Marketing for the film included concept art and "pre-CGI video" shown at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, and the release of the first trailer on January 30, 2018, which was praised for prominently featuring Lilly's Van Dyne. A second trailer was released on May 1, 2018, following a teaser video featuring the Infinity War cast asking "where were Ant-Man and The Wasp?" in that film. In total, Disney spent about $154 million worldwide on promoting the film.
Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, and not a DC film. |
`` The worry for film distributors is that audiences will be caught up in the tournament . So it 's easier to play safe and not date your film at this time , especially during the group stage , when all the qualifying nations are competing . '' Tom Butler of Yahoo ! Movies UK added that , unlike the first film , which was one of the lowest - grossing MCU films in the UK , anticipation levels for the film `` are at an all - time high following the events of Infinity War '' and `` UK audiences will probably have found out what happens in the film well before it opens in UK cinemas , and this could have a negative impact on its box office potential . '' Butler and Huw Fullerton of Radio Times both opined the delay could also be in part because of Disney also delaying the United Kingdom release of Incredibles 2 to July 13 , 2018 ( a month after its United States release ) , and not wanting to compete with itself with the two films . This in turn led fans in the country to start a Change.org petition to have Disney move the release date up several weeks , similarly to how Avengers : Infinity War 's United States release was moved up a week the previous May . Home Media ( edit ) Ant - Man and the Wasp was released on digital download by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on October 2 , 2018 , and on Ultra HD Blu - ray , Blu - ray , and DVD on October 16 . The digital and Blu - ray releases include behind - the - scenes featurettes , an introduction from Reed , deleted scenes , and blooper reels . The digital release also features a look at the role concept art plays in bringing the various MCU films to life and a faux commercial for Online Close - Up Magic University . Reception ( edit ) Box Office ( edit ) As of October 28 , 2018 , Ant - Man and the Wasp has grossed $216.6 million in the United States and Canada , and $405.8 million in other territories , for a worldwide total of $622.5 million . Following its opening , Deadline Hollywood estimated the film would turn a net profit of around $100 million . It is the seventh - highest - grossing film of 2018 . Ant - Man and the Wasp earned $33.8 million on its opening day in the United States and Canada ( including $11.5 million from Thursday night previews ) , for an opening weekend total of $75.8 million ; this was a 33 % improvement over the first film 's debut of $57.2 million . Its opening included $6 million from IMAX screens . In its second weekend , the film earned $28.8 million , coming in second behind Hotel Transylvania 3 : Summer Vacation , and in its third weekend grossed $16.1 million , coming in fourth . The film placed sixth in its fourth weekend , seventh in its fifth weekend , and tenth in its sixth weekend . BoxOffice Magazine projected a final domestic gross of $225 million . Outside the United States and Canada , the film earned $85 million from 41 markets , where it opened number one in all except New Zealand | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_14 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a superhero film that was released in 2018. The worry for film distributors was that audiences would be caught up in the tournament, making it easier to play it safe and not release the film during the group stage when all the qualifying nations are competing. The delay in the release of the film in the United Kingdom was also attributed to Disney not wanting to compete with itself, as they had also delayed the release of Incredibles 2. The film was eventually released on digital download and Blu-ray, and it has grossed over $622.5 million worldwide. Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
the film earned $85 million from 41 markets , where it opened number one in all except New Zealand . Its South Korea opening was $20.9 million ( which included previews ) . The $15.5 million opening from the market without previews was the second - best opening of 2018 behind Avengers : Infinity War . In its second weekend , playing in 44 markets , it remained number one in Australia , Hong Kong , South Korea , and Singapore . The film opened in France in its third weekend , earning $4.1 million , and opened in Germany in its fourth , where it was number one and earned $2.8 million , including previews . The next weekend saw Ant - Man and the Wasp open at number one ( when including previews ) in the United Kingdom , where it earned $6.5 million , and two weeks later , Italy opened number one with $2.7 million ( including previews ) . In its eighth weekend , the film 's $68 million opening in China was the fourth - best MCU opening in China and the third - highest Hollywood film opening of 2018 . $7.2 million was from IMAX , which was the best August IMAX opening in China . The film opened in Japan the next weekend , earning $3.7 million , which was the top Western film for the weekend . As of September 9 , 2018 , the film 's largest markets were China ( $117.5 million ) , South Korea ( $42.4 million ) , and the United Kingdom ( $21.5 million ) . Critical response ( edit ) Paul Rudd ( left ) and Evangeline Lilly received praise from critics for their performances and chemistry in the film . The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 88 % based on 342 reviews , and an average rating of 7 / 10 . The website 's critical consensus reads , `` A lighter , brighter superhero movie powered by the effortless charisma of Paul Rudd and Evangeline Lilly , Ant - Man and The Wasp offers a much - needed MCU palate cleanser . '' Metacritic , which uses a weighted average , assigned the film a normalized score of 70 out of 100 , based on 56 critics , indicating `` generally favorable reviews '' . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` A -- '' on an A+ to F scale , down from the `` A '' earned by the first film . Peter Travers , writing for Rolling Stone , gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and praised Rudd and Lilly , saying , `` The secret of Ant - Man and the Wasp is that it works best when it does n't try so hard , when it lets charm trump excess and proves that less can be more even in the Marvel universe . '' Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun - Times praised the lightweight tone as a treat and a breath following the `` dramatically heavy conclusion '' of Avengers : Infinity War . He also praised the cast , especially Rudd and Fortson , as well as the visual effects and inventive use of shrinking and growing in the action scenes . Manohla Dargis at The New York Times felt the film 's `` fast , bright and breezy '' tone was a vast improvement over the first film , | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_15 | true | Ant-Man and The Wasp is a superhero film that was a commercial success, earning $85 million from 41 markets. It opened number one in all markets except New Zealand, with its South Korea opening being particularly impressive at $20.9 million. The film continued to perform well in subsequent weekends, remaining number one in various markets and earning high opening numbers in countries like France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Italy. Notably, the film had a strong opening in China, earning $68 million and becoming the fourth-best MCU opening in the country. As of September 9, 2018, the film's largest markets were China, South Korea, and the United Kingdom.
In terms of critical response, Ant-Man and The Wasp received praise from critics, particularly for the performances and chemistry of the lead actors, Paul Rudd and Evangeline Lilly. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 88% based on 342 reviews, with an average rating of 7/10. The critical consensus on the website described the film as a "lighter, brighter superhero movie powered by the effortless charisma of Paul Rudd and Evangeline Lilly." Metacritic assigned the film a normalized score of 70 out of 100, based on 56 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews." Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A--."
Several critics praised the film's tone and the performances of the cast. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and praised Rudd and Lilly, stating that "The secret of Ant-Man and the Wasp is that it works best when it doesn't try so hard, when it lets charm trump excess and proves that less can be more even in the Marvel universe." Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times also praised the lightweight tone of the film and the cast, especially Rudd and Fortson, as well as the visual effects and inventive use of shrinking and growing in the action scenes. Manohla Dargis at The New York Times felt that the film's "fast, bright and breezy" tone was a vast improvement over the first film.
In conclusion, Ant-Man and The Wasp is a Marvel superhero film that was well-received by both audiences and critics. |
felt the film 's `` fast , bright and breezy '' tone was a vast improvement over the first film , praising Reed 's direction . She also praised Rudd , felt Lilly found `` her groove '' in the film , and wrote that the supporting cast all had `` scene - steal ( ing ) '' sequences . Simon Abrams of RogerEbert.com said the film was `` good enough '' , a `` messy , but satisfying '' sequel that he felt managed to juggle its many subplots while giving Rudd 's Lang some decent character development . Variety 's Owen Gleiberman called the film `` faster , funnier , and more cunningly confident than the original , '' and felt Reed was able to give the film enough personality to overcome its two - hour runtime and effects - heavy climax . He did caution that this was `` not quite the same thing as humanity . But it 's enough to qualify as the miniature version . '' At The Washington Post , Ann Hornaday called the film `` instantly forgettable '' and criticized its plot , which she felt included some `` filler '' subplots , but found the film to be `` no less enjoyable '' because of this . She particularly praised Rudd along with the action and effects . Writing for the Boston Globe , Ty Burr called the film the perfect `` summer air - conditioning movie '' , finding it fun , funny , superficial and an improvement over the first . He also wrote that the film had too many subplots and not enough of Pfeiffer , but was pleased with the lack of connection that the overall story had to the rest of the MCU , and with the focus on `` pop trash '' comedy . Stephanie Zachareck , writing for Time , said it was `` hard to actively dislike '' the film , which she thought had reasonably fun action and stand - out moments between Rudd and Fortson ; but she was not as impressed with the larger , effects - heavy action sequences and felt the focus on Lilly as a better hero than Rudd was `` just checking off boxes in the name of gender equality . '' Future ( edit ) Ahead of the film 's release , Reed noted that he and Marvel were `` hopeful '' about a third film , having discussed potential story points . Michael Douglas also expressed interest in playing a younger version of his character Hank Pym in a prequel , something which Reed already teased back in 2015 . See also ( edit ) List of films featuring miniature people Notes ( edit ) Jump up ^ As seen in the film Captain America : Civil War ( 2016 ) . Jump up ^ Due to the ending of Avengers : Infinity War ( 2018 ) . References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : `` Ant - Man and the Wasp Press Kit '' ( PDF ) . Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . Archived from the original on July 4 , 2018 . Retrieved July 4 , 2018 . Jump up ^ `` Ant - Man and the Wasp ( 2018 ) '' . British Board of Film Classification . Retrieved July 2 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : D'Alessandro , Anthony ( July 8 , | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_16 | true | "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a 2018 film that received mixed reviews from critics. Some praised the film's fast, bright, and breezy tone, as well as the direction of Peyton Reed. Others found the film to be instantly forgettable and criticized its plot. Despite the mixed reviews, the film was considered an improvement over the first "Ant-Man" movie. The film is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and is not associated with DC. |
. Retrieved July 2 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : D'Alessandro , Anthony ( July 8 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man And The Wasp ' Shrinks A Tick To $76 M Opening , But Still 33 % Bigger Than Original -- Sunday Final '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 9 , 2018 . Retrieved July 9 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Golum , Rob ( July 9 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man ' Swarms Theaters With $75.8 Million for Walt Disney '' . Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on July 20 , 2018 . Retrieved July 19 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : `` Ant - Man and the Wasp ( 2018 ) '' . Box Office Mojo . Retrieved October 29 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Abad - Santos , Alex ( July 5 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp 's post-credits scenes , explained '' . Vox . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Cabin , Chris ( November 13 , 2015 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' : Michael Douglas Eyeing Return for Sequel '' . Collider . Archived from the original on November 13 , 2015 . Retrieved November 13 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Gerber , Sean ( June 23 , 2016 ) . `` Ant - Man Director Peyton Reed on the Saturn Award Win and the Sequel '' . Modern Myth Media . Archived from the original on June 24 , 2016 . Retrieved June 24 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Pearson , Ben ( June 18 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Interview : Paul Rudd Talks About The `` Weird '' Sequel `` . / Film . Archived from the original on June 18 , 2018 . Retrieved June 18 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Derschowitz , Jessica ( April 13 , 2016 ) . `` Ant - Man director teases Wasp direction for sequel '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on April 13 , 2016 . Retrieved April 13 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Pearson , Ben ( June 18 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Set Visit : Everything We Learned About Marvel 's Upcoming Sequel '' . / Film . Archived from the original on June 18 , 2018 . Retrieved June 18 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Killkenny , Katie ( July 5 , 2018 ) . `` Evangeline Lilly on How She `` Challenged '' Herself to Speak Up on the ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Set `` . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on October 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Anderson , Jenna ( June 20 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Cast List Reveals Younger Versions of Key Characters '' . Comicbook.com . Archived from the original on July 5 , 2018 . Retrieved July 5 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Kit , Borys ( August 19 , 2016 ) . `` Michael Pena to Star in Sony Horror Thriller ' The Bringing ' ( Exclusive ) '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on August 20 , 2016 . Retrieved August 19 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Thompson , Simon ( January 7 , 2018 ) . `` Michael Pena Talks Ant - Man and the Wasp and Hints at a Possible Third Movie '' . IGN . Archived from the original on January 8 , 2018 . Retrieved | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_17 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp. The film is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and is a sequel to the 2015 film "Ant-Man." "Ant-Man and the Wasp" was released on July 6, 2018, and received positive reviews from critics. The film is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is directed by Peyton Reed and stars Paul Rudd, Evangeline Lilly, Michael Peña, Walton Goggins, Bobby Cannavale, Judy Greer, Tip "T.I." Harris, David Dastmalchian, Hannah John-Kamen, Abby Ryder Fortson, Randall Park, Michelle Pfeiffer, Laurence Fishburne, and Michael Douglas. The film is set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe and is the twentieth film in the franchise. "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel production. |
at a Possible Third Movie '' . IGN . Archived from the original on January 8 , 2018 . Retrieved January 7 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Hunter , Rob ( October 5 , 2018 ) . `` 23 Things We Learned from the ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Commentary '' . Film School Rejects . Archived from the original on October 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Collis , Clark ( April 19 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp is about search for Michelle Pfeiffer 's Janet van Dyne -- exclusive images '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on April 20 , 2018 . Retrieved April 20 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Perry , Spencer ( August 1 , 2017 ) . `` Production Officially Begins on Ant - Man and the Wasp ! '' . ComingSoon.net . Archived from the original on August 1 , 2017 . Retrieved August 1 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : N'Duka , Amanda ( July 27 , 2017 ) . `` Judy Greer Set To Return For Marvel 's ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 27 , 2017 . Retrieved July 27 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Morales , Wilson ( May 23 , 2017 ) . `` T.I. Confirmed To Return In Marvel 's Ant - Man and The Wasp '' . BlackFilm.com . Archived from the original on May 23 , 2017 . Retrieved May 24 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : `` David Dastmalchian Confirms Kurt Is Returning for ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Entertainment Tonight . April 19 , 2017 . Archived from the original on April 20 , 2017 . Retrieved April 20 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Riesman , Abraham ( May 1 , 2018 ) . `` What We Did and Did n't Learn From the Ant - Man and the Wasp Trailer '' . Vulture . Archived from the original on May 3 , 2018 . Retrieved May 3 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Nemiroff , Perri ( June 21 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' : Hannah John - Kamen Teases the New MCU Antagonist Ghost '' . Collider . Archived from the original on June 24 , 2018 . Retrieved June 24 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Breznican , Anthony ( July 22 , 2017 ) . `` Michelle Pfeiffer will play Janet Van Dyne in Ant - Man and The Wasp '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on July 23 , 2017 . Retrieved July 22 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : McNary , Dave ( July 7 , 2017 ) . `` ' Fresh Off the Boat ' Star Randall Park Joins ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Variety . Archived from the original on July 7 , 2017 . Retrieved July 7 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Couch , Aaron ( July 2 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Director on Wooing Michelle Pfeiffer and His Marvel Future '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Sciretta , Peter ( July 6 , 2018 ) . `` Kevin Feige Explains How They Planned ' Ant - Man and The Wasp ' Alongside ' Infinity War , ' the Disney Streaming Service and More ( Interview ) '' . / Film . Archived from the original on July 7 , 2018 . Retrieved July 7 , 2018 . | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_18 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The movie was officially announced in October 2015, with the intention of being a sequel to the 2015 film "Ant-Man." Production for the film began in August 2017, and it was released in July 2018. The movie features characters from the Marvel Comics, and it is a part of the superhero genre. Therefore, "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel film. |
) '' . / Film . Archived from the original on July 7 , 2018 . Retrieved July 7 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Chitwood , Adam ( November 2 , 2017 ) . `` Laurence Fishburne Says He 's Working on a Secret Project with Marvel '' . Collider . Archived from the original on November 3 , 2017 . Retrieved November 2 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Lerner , Will ( November 15 , 2017 ) . `` Laurence Fishburne is psyched to jump from DC to Marvel Cinematic Universe for ' Ant - Man and Wasp ' '' . Yahoo !. Archived from the original on November 18 , 2017 . Retrieved November 17 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Nemiroff , Perri ( June 18 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' : 22 Things to Know About the ' Midnight Run ' - Inspired Sequel '' . Collider . Archived from the original on June 18 , 2018 . Retrieved June 18 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Hall , Jacob ( February 10 , 2017 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Will See the Return of Michael Douglas ' Hank Pym '' . / Film . Archived from the original on February 10 , 2017 . Retrieved February 10 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Fitch , Adam ( September 11 , 2017 ) . `` Stan Lee Has Already Filmed Cameos for Black Panther Avengers 4 , & More '' . Comic Book Resources . Archived from the original on January 11 , 2018 . Retrieved January 10 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Freed , Benjamin ( July 6 , 2018 ) . `` Movie Review : Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . Brightest Young Things . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Wickman , Kase ( November 11 , 2015 ) . `` ' Ant - Man ' Director Wants To Make Sure The Sequel 's Wasp Is As Awesome As Possible '' . MTV . Archived from the original on November 12 , 2015 . Retrieved November 12 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Davis , Brandon ( June 30 , 2015 ) . `` Ant - Man Director Peyton Reed Interested Doing Ant - Man Prequel About Hank Pym '' . Comicbook.com . Archived from the original on July 1 , 2015 . Retrieved July 1 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Damore , Meagan ( July 28 , 2015 ) . `` '' Ant - Man `` : Michael Douglas Is n't Signed For More MCU Films , Would Like To Be '' . Comic Book Resources . Archived from the original on July 28 , 2015 . Retrieved July 28 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Reynolds , Simon ; Mansell , Tom ( July 10 , 2015 ) . `` Catherine Zeta - Jones as The Wasp ? Spoiler - filled Ant - Man chat with Michael Douglas and Peyton Reed '' . Digital Spy . Archived from the original on July 16 , 2015 . Retrieved July 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Eisenberg , Eric ( July 21 , 2015 ) . `` Is The Original Wasp Still Alive ? Here 's What Evangeline Lilly Says '' . Cinema Blend . Archived from the original on July 22 , 2015 . Retrieved July 21 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Davis , Erik ( July 7 , 2015 ) . `` Interview : Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige on ' Ant - Man , ' ' Doctor Strange ' and More '' . Fandango.com . Archived from the original on July 17 , 2015 . Retrieved July 17 , 2015 | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_19 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The movie features characters from the Marvel comics and is produced by Marvel Studios. The involvement of actors and directors associated with Marvel further solidifies the fact that "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel film. Therefore, it can be concluded that "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel movie. |
More '' . Fandango.com . Archived from the original on July 17 , 2015 . Retrieved July 17 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Eisenberg , Eric ( July 21 , 2015 ) . `` Ant - Man Originally Had A Completely Different Opening Scene '' . Cinema Blend . Archived from the original on July 22 , 2015 . Retrieved July 22 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Metz , Nina ( July 20 , 2015 ) . `` David Dastmalchian geeks out over ' Ant - Man ' role '' . Chicago Tribune . Archived from the original on July 23 , 2015 . Retrieved July 23 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Strom , Marc ( August 18 , 2014 ) . `` Marvel Studios Phase 3 Update '' . Marvel.com . Archived from the original on October 8 , 2015 . Retrieved October 8 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Siegel , Tatiana ; Kit , Borys ( October 21 , 2015 ) . `` ' Ant - Man ' Director Peyton Reed in Negotiations to Return for Sequel ( Exclusive ) '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on October 22 , 2015 . Retrieved October 21 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Patches , Matt ( July 7 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp 's director on half - size Paul Rudd & Morrissey references '' . Polygon . Archived from the original on July 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Zakarin , Jordan ( November 11 , 2015 ) . `` ' Ant - Man ' Director Peyton Reed on the Sequel , Putting ' The Wasp ' in the Title , and ' Fantastic Four ' Failures '' . Yahoo !. Archived from the original on November 11 , 2015 . Retrieved November 11 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Truitt , Brian ( November 12 , 2015 ) . `` Peyton Reed 's ' doubly excited ' for ' Ant - Man ' sequel '' . USA Today . Archived from the original on November 13 , 2015 . Retrieved November 13 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Bradley , Bill ( August 16 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man And The Wasp ' Reveal Supports Popular ' Avengers 4 ' Theory '' . HuffPost . Archived from the original on August 19 , 2018 . Retrieved August 19 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Ford , Rebecca ( November 8 , 2015 ) . `` How Adam McKay Managed to Write and Wrangle Stars for ' The Big Short ' ( Q&A ) '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on November 10 , 2015 . Retrieved November 10 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Huver , Scott ( December 7 , 2015 ) . `` Peyton Reed 's `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' Has `` An Entirely Different Genre Template '' `` . Comic Book Resources . Archived from the original on December 8 , 2015 . Retrieved December 8 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Fleming Jr , Mike ( December 9 , 2015 ) . `` Andrew Barrer & Gabriel Ferrari Close Deal To Team With Paul Rudd On ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on December 9 , 2015 . Retrieved December 9 , 2015 . Jump up ^ McCabe , Joseph ( February 16 , 2016 ) . `` Adam McKay Will Be Back for Ant - Man and The Wasp '' . Nerdist Industries . Archived from the original on February 16 , 2016 . Retrieved February 16 , 2016 . Jump up ^ | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_20 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The movie was directed by Peyton Reed and features Paul Rudd as the lead character. The sequel to the original "Ant-Man" film, "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel production, not a DC production. This is consistent with the overall Marvel Cinematic Universe, of which "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part. |
from the original on February 16 , 2016 . Retrieved February 16 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Perry , Spencer ( April 12 , 2016 ) . `` Peyton Reed : Ant - Man and the Wasp Will Feature Things ' Never Seen in a Movie Before ' '' . ComingSoon.net . Archived from the original on April 13 , 2016 . Retrieved April 13 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Giroux , Jack ( April 12 , 2016 ) . `` Kevin Feige Teases What to Expect in ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . / Film . Archived from the original on April 12 , 2016 . Retrieved April 12 , 2016 . ^ Jump up to : Starnes , Joshua ( July 24 , 2016 ) . `` Comic - Con : Kevin Feige , Directors and Stars on the Marvel Cinematic Universe '' . ComingSoon.net . Archived from the original on July 25 , 2016 . Retrieved July 24 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Trumbore , David ( April 21 , 2017 ) . `` Marvel 's ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' to Start Filming This June '' . Collider . Archived from the original on April 23 , 2017 . Retrieved April 22 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Muhammad , Latifa ( August 10 , 2016 ) . `` Paul Rudd Gushes Over Brie Larson Joining Marvel Universe : ' We 're Very Lucky ' '' . ET Online . Archived from the original on August 11 , 2016 . Retrieved August 11 , 2016 . ^ Jump up to : Brett , Jennifer ( September 1 , 2016 ) . `` '' Spider - Man '' films right next to where `` Captain America '' did `` . Atlanta Journal - Constitution . Archived from the original on September 2 , 2016 . Retrieved September 1 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Avila , Mike ( October 9 , 2016 ) . `` Watch : Evangeline Lilly on introducing the Wasp , when she 'll join The Avengers '' . Blastr . Archived from the original on October 9 , 2016 . Retrieved October 9 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Fullerton , Huw ( July 25 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp originally had a hilarious Captain America cameo '' . Radio Times . Archived from the original on July 25 , 2018 . Retrieved July 25 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Huver , Scott ( November 1 , 2016 ) . `` Peyton Reed Teases ' Crazy Stuff ' in ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Moviefone . Archived from the original on November 2 , 2016 . Retrieved November 1 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Cavna , Michael ( July 6 , 2018 ) . `` How ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' director looked to Barbra Streisand for Marvel action '' . Washington Post . Archived from the original on July 7 , 2018 . Retrieved July 7 , 2018 . Jump up ^ King , Darryn ( July 6 , 2018 ) . `` The Science ( and the Scientists ) Behind ' Ant - Man ' '' . The New York Times . Archived from the original on October 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Kroll , Justin ( June 7 , 2017 ) . `` ' Black Mirror 's ' Hannah John - Kamen Lands Key Role in ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Variety . Archived from the original on June 7 , 2017 . Retrieved June 8 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Hipes , Patrick ( July 18 , 2017 ) . `` Walton Goggins Flies To ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_21 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. It was directed by Peyton Reed and features a number of unique elements never before seen in a movie. The film also includes a cameo from Captain America. The Wasp, played by Evangeline Lilly, is set to join The Avengers. The film also features a key role played by Hannah John-Kamen. "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel production. |
up ^ Hipes , Patrick ( July 18 , 2017 ) . `` Walton Goggins Flies To ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 18 , 2017 . Retrieved July 18 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Keene , Allison ( March 15 , 2018 ) . `` ' Avengers : Infinity War : ' The Russo Brothers on Action , Tone , and Movies That Influenced the MCU Sequel '' . Collider . Archived from the original on March 15 , 2018 . Retrieved March 15 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Patches , Matt ( July 16 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp 's director on that claustrophobic post-credit scene '' . Polygon . Archived from the original on July 17 , 2018 . Retrieved July 17 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Lesnick , Silas ( October 11 , 2016 ) . `` Doctor Strange IMAX Preview Teases a Marvel Cinematic Multiverse '' . ComingSoon.net . Archived from the original on October 11 , 2016 . Retrieved October 11 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Schmidt , Joseph ( March 6 , 2017 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp Working Title Revealed '' . Comicbook.com . Archived from the original on March 7 , 2017 . Retrieved March 6 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Seymour , Mike ( July 16 , 2018 ) . `` A Bug 's Wife : Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . FXguide . Archived from the original on July 17 , 2018 . Retrieved July 17 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Walljasper , Matt ( August 24 , 2017 ) . `` What 's filming in Atlanta now ? Avengers : Infinity War , Ant - Man and the Wasp , Valor , Uncle Drew , plus the Marvel film that got away '' . Atlanta . Archived from the original on August 26 , 2017 . Retrieved August 26 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Jacobs , Eammon ( September 10 , 2017 ) . `` Ant - Man and The Wasp Set Video Teases San Francisco Action Sequence '' . Screen Rant . Archived from the original on September 11 , 2017 . Retrieved September 10 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Dennis , Zach ( October 3 , 2017 ) . `` Casting Call : Marvel needs you for a scene in Savannah for ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Savannah Morning News . Archived from the original on October 4 , 2017 . Retrieved October 3 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Suri , Sameer ( November 20 , 2017 ) . `` Is that you , Michelle ? Pfeiffer , 59 , looks unrecognizable as she dyes her hair grey to film Ant - Man and the Wasp alongside Michael Douglas , 73 '' . Daily Mail . Archived from the original on November 21 , 2017 . Retrieved November 20 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Reed , Peyton ( @ MrPeytonReed ) ( November 19 , 2017 ) . `` That 's a wrap . # AntManandtheWasp '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on June 24 , 2017 . Retrieved November 20 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Robinson , Joanna ( November 28 , 2017 ) . `` What RoboCop Has to Do with the Future of the Marvel Cinematic Universe '' . Vanity Fair . Archived from the original on December 2 , 2017 . Retrieved December 2 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Hall , Andy . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . Elastic . Archived from the original on October 24 , | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_22 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The movie was directed by Peyton Reed and features actors such as Paul Rudd, Evangeline Lilly, and Michael Douglas. The film was shot in various locations, including Atlanta and San Francisco. The production of the movie was completed in November 2017. "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel film, not a DC film. |
^ Hall , Andy . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . Elastic . Archived from the original on October 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Frei , Vincent ( July 2 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . Art of VFX . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Failes , Ian ( August 14 , 2018 ) . `` Creating the Size - Shifting Car Chase In Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . VFX Voice . Archived from the original on August 22 , 2018 . Retrieved August 22 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Reed , Peyton ( @ MrPeytonReed ) ( June 23 , 2017 ) . `` Is christophe beck coming back ? Oh yes ! '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on June 24 , 2017 . Retrieved June 24 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Schweiger , Daniel ( July 3 , 2018 ) . `` Interview with Christophe Beck '' . Film Music Magazine . Archived from the original on October 24 , 2018 . Retrieved October 24 , 2018 . Jump up ^ `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Soundtrack Details '' . Film Music Reporter . July 5 , 2018 . Archived from the original on July 7 , 2018 . Retrieved July 7 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Burton , Bonnie ( July 22 , 2017 ) . `` Comic - Con 2017 : ' Black Panther , ' ' Infinity War ' blew us away at the Marvel panel '' . CNET . Archived from the original on July 23 , 2017 . Retrieved July 22 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` 2019 Hyundai Veloster Will Make Its Hollywood Debut in Marvel Studios ' `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' `` . Hyundai Motor America . January 15 , 2018 . Archived from the original on January 20 , 2018 . Retrieved January 20 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Evans , Greg ( January 30 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Trailer , Poster : Paul Rudd Stung By New Wasp Tech '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on January 31 , 2018 . Retrieved January 31 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Outlaw , Kofi ( January 30 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Director Reveals Trailer 's Musical Easter Egg '' . ComicBook.com . Archived from the original on February 1 , 2018 . Retrieved February 1 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Betancourt , David ( January 31 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man ' and The Wasp ' trailer tries to shrink through the ' Black Panther ' hype '' . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on January 31 , 2018 . Retrieved January 31 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Brown , Tracy ( January 31 , 2018 ) . `` First ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' trailer flaunts Evangeline Lilly 's super-heroics '' . Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on January 31 , 2018 . Retrieved January 31 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : McMillan , Graeme ( May 1 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Is an ' Infinity War ' Palate Cleanser '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on May 3 , 2018 . Retrieved May 3 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Ritman , Alex ( June 13 , 2018 ) . `` CineEurope : Disney Offers Glimpses of ' Toy Story 4 , ' ' Avengers 4 , ' ' Wreck - | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_23 | true | "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a 2018 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters of the same names. The film was directed by Peyton Reed and produced by Marvel Studios. It is a sequel to the 2015 film "Ant-Man" and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film features characters from the Marvel Comics and is part of the MCU, which is a shared universe of superhero films and television series. "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel production. |
, 2018 ) . `` CineEurope : Disney Offers Glimpses of ' Toy Story 4 , ' ' Avengers 4 , ' ' Wreck - It Ralph 2 ' '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on June 14 , 2018 . Retrieved June 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Johnson , Zach ( June 26 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp : Inside the Star - Studded Premiere '' . E ! Online . Archived from the original on June 26 , 2018 . Retrieved June 26 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Aresti , Zoe ( November 15 , 2017 ) . `` Latest Film Release Changes : 15 November 2017 '' . Digital Cinema Media . Archived from the original on June 7 , 2018 . Retrieved June 7 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Butler , Tom ( May 1 , 2018 ) . `` Was ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' delayed in the UK because of the World Cup ? '' . Yahoo !. Archived from the original on May 31 , 2018 . Retrieved June 2 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Fullerton , Huw ( July 11 , 2018 ) . `` Why is n't Ant - Man and the Wasp out in UK cinemas yet ? '' . Radio Times . Archived from the original on July 12 , 2018 . Retrieved July 12 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Bonomolo , Cameron ( May 28 , 2018 ) . `` Fans Are Petitioning For Marvel To Change The ' Ant - Man & The Wasp ' Release Date in The UK '' . ComicBook.com . Archived from the original on June 2 , 2018 . Retrieved May 29 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Chitwood , Adam ( September 10 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Blu - ray Release Date and Details Revealed with New Trailer '' . Collider . Archived from the original on September 10 , 2018 . Retrieved September 10 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Bonomolo , Cameron ( September 9 , 2018 ) . `` Marvel Cinematic Universe Movies Pass $4 Billion at Box Office in 2018 '' . Comicbook.com . Archived from the original on September 10 , 2018 . Retrieved September 10 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( July 15 , 2018 ) . `` Why Dwayne Johnson Pic ' Skyscraper ' Went Up In Flames At The B.O. With $25 M + '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 16 , 2018 . Retrieved July 16 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( July 22 , 2018 ) . `` Shocker : ' Mamma Mia 2 ' Meets B.O. Waterloo As ' Equalizer 2 ' Is The No. 1 Winner That Takes It All With $35 M + '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 24 , 2018 . Retrieved July 24 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( July 29 , 2018 ) . `` ' Mission ' Accomplished : ' Fallout ' $61 M+ Opening Reps Record For Tom Cruise Franchise -- Sunday '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 1 , 2018 . Retrieved August 1 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( August 5 , 2018 ) . `` ' Mission ' Notches Best 2nd Weekend For Franchise With $35 M ; ' Christopher Robin ' No Eeyore With $25 M -- Sunday Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 14 , 2018 . Retrieved August 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( August 13 , 2018 ) . `` ' Meg | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_24 | true | The film "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a Marvel movie, as it is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was released in 2018 and was well-received by audiences. It is a superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters and is a sequel to the 2015 film "Ant-Man." "Ant-Man and the Wasp" features characters such as Scott Lang, also known as Ant-Man, and Hope van Dyne, who becomes the Wasp. The film is part of the larger Marvel franchise, which includes other popular superhero films such as "The Avengers" and "Black Panther." |
August 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ D'Alessandro , Anthony ( August 13 , 2018 ) . `` ' Meg ' Makes More Moola : Updated $45 M+ Opening Reps Record Debut For Director Jon Turteltaub -- Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 14 , 2018 . Retrieved August 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Robbins , Shawn ( May 11 , 2018 ) . `` Long Range Tracking : ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Debuts ; ' Deadpool 2 ' & ' Solo : A Star Wars Story ' Updates '' . BoxOffice . Archived from the original on May 14 , 2018 . Retrieved May 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( July 8 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man And The Wasp ' Zaps $85 M In Debut ; China 's ' Dying To Survive ' Prescribes $200 M -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 9 , 2018 . Retrieved July 9 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( July 15 , 2018 ) . `` ' Hotel Transylvania 3 ' Registers $100 M+ WW ; ' Skyscraper ' Jumps In Low With $40 M Offshore -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 16 , 2018 . Retrieved July 16 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( July 24 , 2018 ) . `` Pop & Rock : ' Mamma Mia 2 ' Puts $43 M In Offshore Jukebox , ' Skyscraper ' Tops China With $48 M -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on July 24 , 2018 . Retrieved July 24 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( July 30 , 2018 ) . `` ' Mission : Impossible -- Fallout ' Jumps Higher With Record $156 M Global Bow -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 1 , 2018 . Retrieved August 1 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( August 5 , 2018 ) . `` Cruise Control : ' Mission : Impossible -- Fallout ' Revs To $330 M WW -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 14 , 2018 . Retrieved August 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( August 19 , 2018 ) . `` ' Meg ' Munches On $300 M+ & ' M : I - Fallout ' Jumps Over $500 M WW In Milestone - Rich Frame -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 20 , 2018 . Retrieved August 20 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( August 26 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man & The Wasp ' Whips Up $68 M China Bow ; ' Meg ' Mints $400 M+ ; ' Crazy Rich ' Starts In Asia -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on August 27 , 2018 . Retrieved August 27 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Tartaglione , Nancy ( September 3 , 2018 ) . `` ' Mission : Impossible -- Fallout ' Flies Into China With Series High $77 M , Cruises To $649 M WW -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on September 3 , 2018 . Retrieved September 3 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( September 9 , 2018 ) . `` ' The Nun ' Conjures $77.5 M Overseas , $131 M | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_25 | false | The international box office performance of "Ant-Man and the Wasp" has been impressive, with a $85 million debut and a $68 million China bow. The film has also achieved a worldwide milestone, with a total of $649 million. This success has led to the question of whether "Ant-Man and the Wasp" is a DC or Marvel film. |
up ^ Tartaglione , Nancy ( September 9 , 2018 ) . `` ' The Nun ' Conjures $77.5 M Overseas , $131 M Global Bow ; ' M : I -- Fallout ' Tops $700 M WW -- International Box Office '' . Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on September 10 , 2018 . Retrieved September 10 , 2018 . ^ Jump up to : Travers , Peter ( June 27 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant Man and the Wasp ' Review : Tiny Heroes Turn New MCU Epic Into Giant Fun '' . Rolling Stone . Archived from the original on June 29 , 2018 . Retrieved June 27 , 2018 . Jump up ^ `` Ant - Man and the Wasp ( 2018 ) '' . Rotten Tomatoes . Fandango Media . Retrieved October 30 , 2018 . Jump up ^ `` Ant - Man and the Wasp Reviews '' . Metacritic . CBS Interactive . Retrieved August 14 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Roeper , Richard ( July 5 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' a buzzworthy sequel full of laughs and CGI thrills '' . Chicago Sun - Times . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Dargis , Manohla ( July 4 , 2018 ) . `` Review : ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' Save the World ! With Jokes ! '' . The New York Times . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Abrams , Simon ( July 2 , 2018 ) . `` Ant - Man and the Wasp '' . RogerEbert.com . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Gleiberman , Owen ( June 27 , 2018 ) . `` Film Review : ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' '' . Variety . Archived from the original on June 29 , 2018 . Retrieved June 27 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Hornaday , Ann ( June 27 , 2018 ) . `` The plot is ho - hum , but ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' is still endearing and fun '' . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Burr , Ty ( July 4 , 2018 ) . `` ' Ant - Man and the Wasp ' is a Marvel marvel '' . Boston Globe . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Zacharek , Stephanie ( July 3 , 2018 ) . `` Review : Ant - Man and the Wasp Has Stakes as Small as Its Superheroes But It 's Hard to Dislike '' . Time . Archived from the original on July 6 , 2018 . Retrieved July 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Lammers , Timothy ( June 23 , 2018 ) . `` Michael Douglas Wants To Play Young Hank Pym in Ant - Man Prequel '' . Screen Rant . Archived from the original on July 16 , 2018 . Retrieved July 16 , 2018 . External links ( edit ) Official website Ant - Man and the Wasp on IMDb Marvel Cinematic Universe Feature films Phase One Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor Captain America : The First Avenger The Avengers accolades | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_26 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters of the same names. The film received positive reviews from critics, with many praising its humor and CGI thrills. The movie is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and is a Marvel production. |
Thor Captain America : The First Avenger The Avengers accolades Phase Two Iron Man 3 Thor : The Dark World Captain America : The Winter Soldier Guardians of the Galaxy Avengers : Age of Ultron Ant - Man Phase Three Captain America : Civil War Doctor Strange Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Spider - Man : Homecoming Thor : Ragnarok Black Panther accolades box office achievements Avengers : Infinity War production box office records Ant - Man and the Wasp Captain Marvel Untitled Avengers film production Post-Phase Three Spider - Man : Far From Home Television series ABC Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episodes season 1 5 6 characters Agent Carter season 1 characters Inhumans `` Behold ... The Inhumans '' `` Those Who Would Destroy Us '' Netflix Daredevil season 1 characters Jessica Jones season 1 characters Luke Cage season 1 characters Iron Fist season 1 characters The Defenders The Punisher season 1 Hulu Runaways `` Reunion '' Freeform Cloak & Dagger season 1 Other Most Wanted New Warriors Other media Short films Item 47 Agent Carter All Hail the King Digital series WHIH Newsfront Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot Tie - in comics Fury 's Big Week Cast and characters Film cast Television series cast Phil Coulson Erik Selvig Trevor Slattery Tony Stark Claire Temple | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_27 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film that is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. It is a part of Phase Three of the MCU and was produced as a sequel to the 2015 film Ant-Man. The film features characters such as Scott Lang (Ant-Man) and Hope van Dyne (the Wasp) as they team up for a new mission. Ant-Man and the Wasp was a part of the box office achievements of the MCU and was well-received by audiences. Therefore, to answer the question, Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film. |
Erik Selvig Trevor Slattery Tony Stark Claire Temple Music Soundtracks Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor Captain America : The First Avenger The Avengers Iron Man 3 Thor : The Dark World Captain America : The Winter Soldier Guardians of the Galaxy Avengers : Age of Ultron Ant - Man Captain America : Civil War Luke Cage Doctor Strange Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Spider - Man : Homecoming Thor : Ragnarok Black Panther Avengers : Infinity War Ant - Man and the Wasp Singles `` Live to Rise '' `` All the Stars '' `` King 's Dead '' `` Pray for Me '' MCU - inspired media Video games Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor : God of Thunder Captain America : Super Soldier Iron Man 3 Lego Marvel 's Avengers Disney Parks Iron Man Experience Marvel - themed areas Guardians of the Galaxy -- Mission : Breakout ! Other Team Thor Book Outline Portal Live - action theatrical films based on Marvel Comics Franchises Ant - Man Ant - Man Ant - Man and the Wasp Avengers The Avengers Avengers : Age of Ultron Avengers : Infinity War Untitled Avengers film production Blade Blade Blade II Blade : Trinity Captain America Captain America ( serial ) Captain America ( 1990 ) Captain America : The First Avenger Captain America : The Winter Soldier Captain America : Civil War Daredevil / Elektra Daredevil Elektra Deadpool Deadpool Deadpool 2 Fantastic Four The Fantastic Four ( 1994 ) Fantastic Four ( 2005 ) Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_28 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a live-action theatrical film based on Marvel Comics. It is part of the Ant-Man franchise within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is not associated with DC, but rather with Marvel. Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel production. |
) Fantastic Four ( 2005 ) Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer Fantastic Four ( 2015 ) Ghost Rider Ghost Rider Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance Guardians of the Galaxy Guardians of the Galaxy Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Hulk Hulk The Incredible Hulk Iron Man Iron Man Iron Man 2 Iron Man 3 Punisher The Punisher ( 1989 ) The Punisher ( 2004 ) Punisher : War Zone Spider - Man Spider - Man Spider - Man 2 Spider - Man 3 The Amazing Spider - Man The Amazing Spider - Man 2 Spider - Man : Homecoming Spider - Man : Far From Home Thor Thor Thor : The Dark World Thor : Ragnarok Wolverine X-Men Origins : Wolverine The Wolverine Logan X-Men X-Men X2 X-Men : The Last Stand X-Men : First Class X-Men : Days of Future Past X-Men : Apocalypse Dark Phoenix Single films Howard the Duck Man - Thing Doctor Strange Black Panther Venom Captain Marvel The New Mutants Franchises from Marvel Comics imprints Kick - Ass Kick - Ass Kick - Ass 2 Kingsman Kingsman : The Secret Service Kingsman : The Golden Circle Men in Black Men in Black Men in Black II Men in Black 3 MIB See also Unproduced projects Silver & Black Development of Gambit Short films Marvel One - Shots Item 47 Agent Carter All Hail the King No Good Deed Team Thor Marvel Studios Marvel Cinematic Universe films Ant - Man and Wasp Stan Lee Larry Lieber | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_29 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a film that is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. It is not associated with DC Comics. The Marvel Cinematic Universe includes a wide range of superhero films, and Ant-Man and the Wasp is one of them. This film is part of the franchise from Marvel Comics imprints, and it is not to be confused with any DC Comics properties. The character of Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel creation and is part of the Marvel Studios lineup of films. Therefore, Ant-Man and the Wasp is a Marvel film, not a DC film. |
Ant - Man and Wasp Stan Lee Larry Lieber Jack Kirby Characters Ant - Man Hank Pym Scott Lang Eric O'Grady Giant - Man Hank Pym Bill Foster Raz Malhotra Goliath Hank Pym Bill Foster Clint Barton Erik Josten Tom Foster Yellowjacket Hank Pym Rita DeMara Darren Cross Wasp Janet van Dyne Nadia van Dyne Hope van Dyne Supporting characters Avengers Avengers A.I. Cassie Lang Hope Pym Henry Pym Jr . S.H.I.E.L.D. Enemies A.I.M. Beetle Black Knight Cross Technological Enterprises Crossfire Darren Cross Doctor Nemesis Egghead Equinox Ghost Hijacker MODAM Magician Mitchell Carson People 's Defense Force Petra Laskov Plantman Porcupine Power Broker Radioactive Man Taskmaster Ultron Whirlwind Comic book titles Tales to Astonish Marvel Feature In other media Ant - Man soundtrack Ant - Man and the Wasp soundtrack Films directed by Peyton Reed The Computer Wore Tennis Shoes ( 1995 ) The Love Bug ( 1997 ) Bring It On ( 2000 ) Down with Love ( 2003 ) The Break - Up ( 2006 ) Yes Man ( 2008 ) Ant - Man ( 2015 ) Ant - Man and the Wasp ( 2018 ) Marvel Cinematic Universe portal Film in the United States portal Superhero fiction portal 2010s portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 '' Categories : 2018 films English - language films 2010s action films 2010s adventure films 2010s superhero films 2018 3D films American films American action comedy films American chase films American comedy science fiction films American heist films American science fiction action films Ant - Man films | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_30 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 film directed by Peyton Reed and is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The characters in the film are Ant-Man, Giant-Man, Goliath, Yellowjacket, and Wasp, among others. The film features supporting characters such as the Avengers, S.H.I.E.L.D., and enemies like A.I.M., Ultron, and Taskmaster. The film's soundtrack and other films directed by Peyton Reed are also mentioned in the article. Ant-Man and the Wasp is categorized as a 2018 film, English-language film, action film, adventure film, and superhero film. |
heist films American science fiction action films Ant - Man films Ant - Man ( film series ) Films about insects Films about quantum mechanics Films about size change Films directed by Peyton Reed Films scored by Christophe Beck Films set in 1987 Films set in San Francisco Films shot at Pinewood Atlanta Studios Films shot in Atlanta Films shot in Georgia ( U.S. state ) Films shot in Hawaii Films shot in San Francisco IMAX films Marvel Cinematic Universe films Motion capture in film Science fiction adventure films Screenplays by Chris McKenna Screenplays by Paul Rudd Superhero comedy films Superhero films featuring female antagonists Superheroine films Hidden categories : Wikipedia pending changes protected pages Articles with short description Use list - defined references from April 2018 Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2018 All articles containing potentially dated statements Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2018 Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images Comics navigational boxes purge Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu Български Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Euskara فارسی Français 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Italiano עברית Latviešu Magyar Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Polski Português Русский Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 26 more Edit links This page was last edited on 30 October 2018 , at 12 : 25 ( UTC ) . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_31 | true | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American science fiction action film directed by Peyton Reed and produced by Marvel Studios. It is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe film series and is a sequel to the 2015 film Ant-Man. The film is set in 1987 and primarily takes place in San Francisco. It was shot at Pinewood Atlanta Studios, as well as in Atlanta, Georgia, and Hawaii. Ant-Man and the Wasp features motion capture and is presented in IMAX format. The screenplay was written by Chris McKenna and Paul Rudd, and the film is scored by Christophe Beck. The film also falls into the categories of heist films, films about insects, films about quantum mechanics, and superhero films featuring female antagonists. Ant-Man and the Wasp is a superhero comedy film and a science fiction adventure film. It is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and features a female superheroine. The film is a hidden category on Wikipedia and is protected from pending changes. The article contains potentially dated statements from October 2018 and September 2018. The film is part of the Marvel franchise and is not associated with DC. |
UTC ) . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 395,
"start_token": 40,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 51,
"start_token": 41,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 58,
"start_token": 51,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 58,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 84,
"start_token": 74,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 116,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 92,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 164,
"start_token": 116,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 162,
"start_token": 122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 123,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 128,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 160,
"start_token": 146,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 235,
"start_token": 164,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 233,
"start_token": 169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 194,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 216,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 245,
"start_token": 235,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 254,
"start_token": 245,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 272,
"start_token": 254,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 270,
"start_token": 260,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 282,
"start_token": 272,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 295,
"start_token": 282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 346,
"start_token": 295,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 344,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 320,
"start_token": 302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 337,
"start_token": 320,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 356,
"start_token": 346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 365,
"start_token": 356,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 373,
"start_token": 365,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 384,
"start_token": 373,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 394,
"start_token": 384,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 710,
"start_token": 577,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 788,
"start_token": 710,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 988,
"start_token": 898,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1175,
"start_token": 988,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1280,
"start_token": 1175,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1387,
"start_token": 1280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1488,
"start_token": 1387,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1559,
"start_token": 1488,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2765,
"start_token": 1565,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1680,
"start_token": 1566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1943,
"start_token": 1680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2042,
"start_token": 1943,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2073,
"start_token": 2042,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2092,
"start_token": 2073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2103,
"start_token": 2092,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2122,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2302,
"start_token": 2138,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2334,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2516,
"start_token": 2334,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2657,
"start_token": 2516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2764,
"start_token": 2657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2894,
"start_token": 2765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2989,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3254,
"start_token": 2989,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3694,
"start_token": 3254,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4049,
"start_token": 3720,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4350,
"start_token": 4049,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4797,
"start_token": 4356,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5072,
"start_token": 4797,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5371,
"start_token": 5072,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5499,
"start_token": 5402,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5711,
"start_token": 5499,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5800,
"start_token": 5711,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5992,
"start_token": 5806,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6073,
"start_token": 6022,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6286,
"start_token": 6073,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6475,
"start_token": 6286,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6676,
"start_token": 6475,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6829,
"start_token": 6694,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7192,
"start_token": 6835,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7280,
"start_token": 7204,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7565,
"start_token": 7280,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7675,
"start_token": 7572,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7760,
"start_token": 7688,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7893,
"start_token": 7760,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8173,
"start_token": 7893,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8338,
"start_token": 8201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8574,
"start_token": 8338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8862,
"start_token": 8574,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8926,
"start_token": 8868,
"top_level": true
}
] | ant man and the wasp dc or marvel | [
{
"annotation_id": 17465691810760081000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 34,
"end_token": 577,
"start_token": 395
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 412,
"start_token": 411
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Ant-Man_and_the_Wasp&oldid=866451430 | -1,621,265,976,388,089,000 | <P> Ant - Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant - Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is the sequel to 2015 's Ant - Man , and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film is directed by Peyton Reed and written by the writing teams of Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers , and Paul Rudd , Andrew Barrer , and Gabriel Ferrari . It stars Rudd as Lang and Evangeline Lilly as Van Dyne , alongside Michael Peña , Walton Goggins , Bobby Cannavale , Judy Greer , Tip `` T.I. '' Harris , David Dastmalchian , Hannah John - Kamen , Abby Ryder Fortson , Randall Park , Michelle Pfeiffer , Laurence Fishburne , and Michael Douglas . In Ant - Man and the Wasp , the titular pair work with Hank Pym to retrieve Janet van Dyne from the quantum realm . </P> | Marvel | -1621265976388089195_32 | false | Ant-Man and the Wasp is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp. The film is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2015's Ant-Man and the twentieth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is directed by Peyton Reed and stars Paul Rudd, Evangeline Lilly, Michael Peña, Walton Goggins, Bobby Cannavale, Judy Greer, Tip "T.I." Harris, David Dastmalchian, Hannah John-Kamen, Abby Ryder Fortson, Randall Park, Michelle Pfeiffer, Laurence Fishburne, and Michael Douglas.
Ant-Man and the Wasp was officially announced in October 2015, with Rudd and Lilly returning to reprise their roles. A month later, Reed was officially confirmed to return as director. Filming took place from August to November 2017, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, as well as Metro Atlanta, San Francisco, Savannah, Georgia, and Hawaii.
Ant-Man and the Wasp premiered in Hollywood on June 25, 2018, and was released in the United States on July 6, 2018, as part of Phase Three of the MCU. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised its humor, visual effects, and performances, particularly those of Rudd and Lilly. It has grossed over $622 million worldwide, making it the eighth highest-grossing film of 2018. A sequel, Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania, is in development and is scheduled for release on February 17, 2023. |
An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight - Wikipedia An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight Cover art for the film . Directed by Vince Marcello Screenplay by Jessica O'Toole Amy Rardin Based on Isabelle by Laurence Yep Starring Erin Pitt Melora Hardin Grace Davidson Devyn Nekoda Genneya Walton Alyssa Trask Daniel Fathers Tanya Howard Production company Universal Studios Distributed by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment Release date July 22 , 2014 ( 2014 - 07 - 22 ) Running time 99 minutes Country United States Language English An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight ( 2014 ) is the eighth film in the American Girl series , starring Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer , along with Melora Hardin , Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer , Devyn Nekoda as Luisa , Genneya Walton as Renata , Alyssa Trask as Emma , Avery Trask as Hip Hop Dancer , Daniel Fathers , Kolton Stewart , Mathew Edmondson , and Saara Chaudry . The screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin . The movie was directed by Vince Marcello . The film revolves around Isabelle Palmer , a 9 - year - old dancer and aspiring fashion designer from Washington , D.C. , as she studies at a prestigious performing - arts school with her older sister Jade and her best friend Luisa . It was shot in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Contents 1 Cast 2 Release 3 References 4 External links Cast ( edit ) Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer , the 9 - year - old protagonist of the film who loves dancing even though she struggles . Apart from dancing , she loves sewing . Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer , Isabelle 's older sister who is 12 years old . She takes dancing very seriously , and is one of the best dancers at Anna Hart . Genneya Walton as Renata , a rich and spoiled girl who bullies Isabelle . She feels like her parents do n't pay attention to her that much . Devyn Nekoda as Luisa , Isabelle 's best friend who 's very into modern dance . She hates it whenever Renata or anyone else is rude to Isabelle . Melora Hardin as Nancy Palmer , Isabelle 's mom who is a textile artist . She was also hired to design the costumes for the Nutcracker production . Tanya Howard , as Jacqueline `` | [
{
"end_token": 202,
"start_token": 22,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 36,
"start_token": 23,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 46,
"start_token": 36,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 46,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 80,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 121,
"start_token": 80,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 119,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 131,
"start_token": 121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 131,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 174,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 172,
"start_token": 149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 163,
"start_token": 150,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 184,
"start_token": 174,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 193,
"start_token": 184,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 193,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 354,
"start_token": 298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 721,
"start_token": 382,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 417,
"start_token": 383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 452,
"start_token": 417,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 482,
"start_token": 452,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 513,
"start_token": 482,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 543,
"start_token": 513,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 576,
"start_token": 543,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 610,
"start_token": 576,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 657,
"start_token": 610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 688,
"start_token": 657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 720,
"start_token": 688,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 762,
"start_token": 727,
"top_level": true
}
] | who did alyssa trask play in isabelle dances into the spotlight | [
{
"annotation_id": 1046225039975607300,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 16,
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 257,
"start_token": 256
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=An_American_Girl:_Isabelle_Dances_Into_the_Spotlight&oldid=849297395 | 1,533,477,128,984,345,600 | <P> An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight ( 2014 ) is the eighth film in the American Girl series , starring Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer , along with Melora Hardin , Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer , Devyn Nekoda as Luisa , Genneya Walton as Renata , Alyssa Trask as Emma , Avery Trask as Hip Hop Dancer , Daniel Fathers , Kolton Stewart , Mathew Edmondson , and Saara Chaudry . The screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin . The movie was directed by Vince Marcello . </P> | Emma | 1533477128984345682_1 | true | An American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight is the eighth film in the American Girl series, released on July 22, 2014. The film stars Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer, a 9-year-old dancer and aspiring fashion designer from Washington, D.C. The screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin, and the movie was directed by Vince Marcello. The story revolves around Isabelle as she studies at a prestigious performing arts school with her older sister Jade and her best friend Luisa.
The cast includes Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer, Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer, Genneya Walton as Renata, Devyn Nekoda as Luisa, and Melora Hardin as Nancy Palmer, Isabelle's mom who is a textile artist. Alyssa Trask plays the character of Emma in the film.
Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight was shot in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and is distributed by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment. The film has a running time of 99 minutes and is in the English language. |
to design the costumes for the Nutcracker production . Tanya Howard , as Jacqueline `` Jackie '' Sanchez , a famous ballerina whom Isabelle and Jade look up to . She played the Sugar Plum Fairy in the Nutcracker . Daniel Fathers as Mr. Kosloff , the director of the Nutcracker who is very strict when it comes to ballet . He also studied at Anna Hart when he was younger . Jake Simons as Leonardo `` Leo '' Palmer , Isabelle 's dad who is a hospital administrator , and also plays the drums in a band . His band consists of him , Uncle Davi ( Luisa 's dad ) , and some others . Alyssa Trask as Emma , Renata 's friend who also bullies Isabelle when on by Renata 's side . She does n't have much dialogue throughout the film . Saara Chaudry as Chloe , a girl in a wheelchair who looks up to Isabelle . After watching Isabelle in the Halloween Benefit , she asked for an autograph . Release ( edit ) The direct - to - DVD film was released on DVD and Blu - Ray on July 22 , 2014 , and aired on the Disney Channel on August 9 , 2014 . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` Against The Wild Stars CJ Adams and Erin Pitt Interview '' . 24 February 2014 . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . ^ Jump up to : `` An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight Blu - ray '' . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . Jump up ^ `` Redbox New Releases - American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into The Spotlight ( 2014 ) '' . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . Jump up ^ Peesker , Saira ( 23 December 2014 ) . `` Waterdown actress wraps up her ' American Girl ' year '' . The Hamilton Spectator . Archived from the original on 30 December 2014 . Retrieved 16 August 2016 . Jump up ^ `` American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into The Spotlight '' . Yahoo Movies . Yahoo !. Retrieved 2 July 2014 . Jump up ^ `` Erin Pitt , Against the Wild -- Interview '' . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . Jump up ^ `` American Girl 's 2014 Girl of the Year ( R ) Shines in New Movie American Girl : Isabelle Dances into the Spotlight ( TM ) '' ( Press release ) . Mattel , Inc. 22 July 2014 . Retrieved 16 August 2016 . Jump up ^ `` iTunes - Movies - American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight '' . Apple Inc . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . Jump up ^ `` From Universal Studios Home Entertainment American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into The Spotlight '' . MarketWatch. 13 May 2014 . Retrieved 2 July 2014 . External links ( edit ) An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight on IMDb An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight at Rotten Tomatoes An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight American Girl Films Samantha : An American Girl Holiday Felicity : An American | [
{
"end_token": 202,
"start_token": 22,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 36,
"start_token": 23,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 46,
"start_token": 36,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 46,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 80,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 121,
"start_token": 80,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 119,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 131,
"start_token": 121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 131,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 174,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 172,
"start_token": 149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 163,
"start_token": 150,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 184,
"start_token": 174,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 193,
"start_token": 184,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 193,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 354,
"start_token": 298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 721,
"start_token": 382,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 417,
"start_token": 383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 452,
"start_token": 417,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 482,
"start_token": 452,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 513,
"start_token": 482,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 543,
"start_token": 513,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 576,
"start_token": 543,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 610,
"start_token": 576,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 657,
"start_token": 610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 688,
"start_token": 657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 720,
"start_token": 688,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 762,
"start_token": 727,
"top_level": true
}
] | who did alyssa trask play in isabelle dances into the spotlight | [
{
"annotation_id": 1046225039975607300,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 16,
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 257,
"start_token": 256
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=An_American_Girl:_Isabelle_Dances_Into_the_Spotlight&oldid=849297395 | 1,533,477,128,984,345,600 | <P> An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight ( 2014 ) is the eighth film in the American Girl series , starring Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer , along with Melora Hardin , Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer , Devyn Nekoda as Luisa , Genneya Walton as Renata , Alyssa Trask as Emma , Avery Trask as Hip Hop Dancer , Daniel Fathers , Kolton Stewart , Mathew Edmondson , and Saara Chaudry . The screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin . The movie was directed by Vince Marcello . </P> | Emma | 1533477128984345682_2 | true | In the film "Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight," Alyssa Trask played the character of Emma. Emma is a friend of Renata's who also bullies Isabelle when on Renata's side. She does not have much dialogue throughout the film. The direct-to-DVD film was released on DVD and Blu-Ray on July 22, 2014, and aired on the Disney Channel on August 9, 2014. |
Films Samantha : An American Girl Holiday Felicity : An American Girl Adventure Molly : An American Girl on the Home Front Kit Kittredge : An American Girl ( Soundtrack ) Chrissa Stands Strong McKenna Shoots for the Stars Saige Paints the Sky Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight Grace Stirs Up Success Melody 1963 : Love Has to Win Maryellen 1955 : Extraordinary Christmas Authors Megan McDonald Connie Porter Valerie Tripp Laurence Yep Video games The American Girls Premiere Other Book series Bitty Baby Girls of Many Lands Götz Characters ( Kit Kittredge ) This article about a children 's film is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=An_American_Girl:_Isabelle_Dances_Into_the_Spotlight&oldid=849297395 '' Categories : 2014 films English - language films American films Films based on American novels Films set in Washington , D.C. American children 's films American Girl Films about fashion Films about ballet American dance films American musical films Films shot in Toronto Universal Pictures direct - to - video films Children 's film stubs Talk Contents About Wikipedia Add links This page was last edited on 8 July 2018 , at 00 : 47 ( UTC ) . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 202,
"start_token": 22,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 36,
"start_token": 23,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 46,
"start_token": 36,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 46,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 80,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 121,
"start_token": 80,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 119,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 131,
"start_token": 121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 143,
"start_token": 131,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 174,
"start_token": 143,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 172,
"start_token": 149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 163,
"start_token": 150,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 184,
"start_token": 174,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 193,
"start_token": 184,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 201,
"start_token": 193,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 354,
"start_token": 298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 721,
"start_token": 382,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 417,
"start_token": 383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 452,
"start_token": 417,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 482,
"start_token": 452,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 513,
"start_token": 482,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 543,
"start_token": 513,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 576,
"start_token": 543,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 610,
"start_token": 576,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 657,
"start_token": 610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 688,
"start_token": 657,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 720,
"start_token": 688,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 762,
"start_token": 727,
"top_level": true
}
] | who did alyssa trask play in isabelle dances into the spotlight | [
{
"annotation_id": 1046225039975607300,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 16,
"end_token": 298,
"start_token": 202
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 257,
"start_token": 256
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=An_American_Girl:_Isabelle_Dances_Into_the_Spotlight&oldid=849297395 | 1,533,477,128,984,345,600 | <P> An American Girl : Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight ( 2014 ) is the eighth film in the American Girl series , starring Erin Pitt as Isabelle Palmer , along with Melora Hardin , Grace Davidson as Jade Palmer , Devyn Nekoda as Luisa , Genneya Walton as Renata , Alyssa Trask as Emma , Avery Trask as Hip Hop Dancer , Daniel Fathers , Kolton Stewart , Mathew Edmondson , and Saara Chaudry . The screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin . The movie was directed by Vince Marcello . </P> | Emma | 1533477128984345682_3 | false | An American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight is a 2014 American film based on the American Girl novels. The film is set in Washington, D.C. and follows the story of Isabelle, a young girl with a passion for fashion and ballet. The soundtrack for the film was released under the title Kit Kittredge: An American Girl. The film features characters from the American Girl book series and is part of the American Girl franchise.
The film stars Alyssa Trask, who plays the character of Emma. Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight is a children's film that falls under the categories of English-language films, American films, films based on American novels, and American children's films. It is also classified as a film about fashion, ballet, and dance, and was shot in Toronto. The film was released as a direct-to-video production by Universal Pictures.
In addition to the film, there are also video games and book series associated with the American Girl franchise. The film is part of a larger collection of American Girl films, each featuring a different character and storyline. The American Girl franchise also includes the Bitty Baby and Girls of Many Lands series, as well as characters such as Kit Kittredge.
This article about a children's film is a stub, and Wikipedia encourages users to expand it with additional information. The page was last edited on July 8, 2018, and the text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. |
Electricity sector in New Zealand - wikipedia Electricity sector in New Zealand Jump to : navigation , search New Zealand : Electricity sector Data Installed capacity ( 2014 ) 9,637 MW Share of fossil energy 20 % Share of renewable energy 80 % GHG emissions from electricity generation ( 2011 ) 4,843 kilotonnes CO-e Average electricity use ( 2014 ) 9,802 kWh per capita Distribution losses ( 2014 ) 6.6 percent Residential consumption ( % of total ) 32 percent Industrial consumption ( % of total ) 44 percent Commercial and public consumption ( % of total ) 24 percent Average residential tariff ( US $ / kW h , 2015 ) 0.29 ( NZ $ 0.268 ) Services Share of private sector in generation 36 % Share of private sector in transmission 0 % Share of private sector in distribution 100 % Competitive supply to large users Yes , except in isolated areas Competitive supply to residential users Yes , except in isolated areas Institutions Responsibility for transmission Transpower Responsibility for regulation Electricity Authority Commerce Commission Electricity sector law Electricity Act 1992 Electricity Industry Act 2010 The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . Regulation of the electricity market is the responsibility of the Electricity Authority ( formerly the Electricity Commission ) . Electricity lines businesses , including Transpower and the distribution lines companies , are regulated by the Commerce Commission . Control is also exerted by the Minister of Energy in the New Zealand Cabinet , though the Minister for State - Owned Enterprises and the Minister for Climate Change also have some powers by virtue of their positions and policy influence in the government . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 2 Organisation 2.1 Regulation and policy 2.2 Electricity market | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_1 | true | The electricity sector in New Zealand relies mainly on renewable energy sources such as hydropower, geothermal power, and increasingly wind energy. 80% of energy for electricity generation comes from renewable sources, making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation. The regulation of the electricity market is the responsibility of the Electricity Authority, and electricity lines businesses, including Transpower and the distribution lines companies, are regulated by the Commerce Commission. Control is also exerted by the Minister of Energy in the New Zealand Cabinet, though the Minister for State-Owned Enterprises and the Minister for Climate Change also have some powers by virtue of their positions and policy influence in the government. |
2.1 Regulation and policy 2.2 Electricity market 3 Generation 3.1 Hydro 3.2 Geothermal 3.3 Wind 3.4 Fossil fuels 3.5 Other sources 3.5. 1 Marine 3.5. 2 Nuclear 4 Transmission 4.1 Existing grid 4.2 HVDC Inter-Island 5 Distribution 6 Isolated areas 7 Consumption 8 Major outages 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links History ( edit ) Initial use of electricity in New Zealand was associated with mining . The first industrial hydro - electric power plant was established at Bullendale in Otago in 1885 , to provide power for a 20 stamp battery at the Phoenix mine . The plant used water from the nearby Skippers Creek , a tributary of the Shotover River . Reefton on the West Coast became the first electrified city in 1888 after the Reefton Power Station was commissioned , while the first sizable power station was built for the Waihi gold mines at Horahora on the Waikato River . This set a precedent that was to dominate New Zealand 's electricity generation , with hydropower becoming and remaining the dominant source . In 1930 , the percentage was at 92 % . While industrial use quickly took off , it was only government programmes in the first two thirds of the 20th century that caused private demand to climb strongly as well . From 1912 to 1918 the Public Works Department issued licenses for many local power stations . Rural areas were particular beneficiaries of subsidies for electrical grid systems , where supply was provided to create demand , with the intention of modernising the countryside . The results were notable -- in the 1920s , electricity use increased at a rate of 22 % per year . In fact , the ' load building ' programmes were so successful that shortages started to occur from 1936 on , though a large number of new power stations built in the 1950s enabled supply to catch up again . After the massive construction programmes had created a substantial supply of energy not dependent on international fossil fuel prices , New Zealand became less frugal with its energy use . While in 1978 , its energy consumption ( as expressed against economic output ) hovered around the average of all OECD countries , during the 1980s New Zealand dropped far behind , increasing its energy use per economic unit by over 25 % , while other nations slowly reduced their energy usage levels . Based on this economic comparison , in 1991 it was the second - least energy - efficient country out of 41 OECD countries . All of the government 's energy assets originally came under the Public Works Department . From 1946 , the management of generation and transmission came under a new department , the State Hydro | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_2 | true | Electricity generation in New Zealand has been dominated by hydropower since the establishment of the first industrial hydro-electric power plant in 1885. This trend has continued, with hydropower remaining the dominant source of electricity generation in the country. In fact, in 1930, hydropower accounted for 92% of electricity generation in New Zealand. The government played a significant role in promoting the use of electricity, particularly in rural areas, by providing subsidies for electrical grid systems. This led to a substantial increase in electricity use, with a growth rate of 22% per year in the 1920s. However, this rapid growth in demand led to shortages in the 1930s, prompting the construction of new power stations in the 1950s to meet the increased demand. Despite the initial success in creating a substantial supply of energy, New Zealand's energy consumption increased significantly in the 1980s, making it the second-least energy-efficient country among OECD nations in 1991. The government's energy assets were initially managed by the Public Works Department, and later, the management of generation and transmission came under a new department, the State Hydro. Overall, the history of electricity generation in New Zealand has been closely tied to the use of hydropower as the primary source of electricity. |
1946 , the management of generation and transmission came under a new department , the State Hydro - Electric Department ( SHD ) , renamed in 1958 as the New Zealand Electricity Department ( NZED ) . In 1978 , the Electricity Division of the Ministry of Energy assumed responsibility for electricity generation , transmission , policy advice and regulation . Distribution and retailing was the responsibility of local electric power boards ( EPBs ) or municipal electricity departments ( MEDs ) . New Zealand 's electrical energy generation , previously state - owned as in most countries , was corporatised , deregulated and partly sold off over the last two decades of the twentieth century , following a model typical in the Western world . However , much of the generation and retail sectors , as well as the entire transmission sector , remains under government ownership as state - owned enterprises . The Fourth Labour Government corporatised the Electricity Division as a State Owned Enterprise in 1987 , as the Electricity Corporation of New Zealand ( ECNZ ) , which traded for a period as Electricorp . The Fourth National Government went further with the Energy Companies Act 1992 , requiring EPBs and MEDs to become commercial companies in charge of distribution and retailing . In 1994 , ECNZ 's transmission business was split off as Transpower . In 1996 , ECNZ was split again , with a new separate generation business , Contact Energy , being formed . The Fourth National Government privatised Contact Energy in 1999 . From 1 April 1999 , the remainder of ECNZ was split again , with the major assets formed into three new state - owned enterprises ( Mighty River Power ( now Mercury Energy ) , Genesis Energy and Meridian Energy ) and with the minor assets being sold off . At the same time , local power companies were required to separate distribution and retailing , with the retail side of the business sold off , mainly to generation companies . Organisation ( edit ) New Zealand 's electricity sector is split into six distinct parts : Generation -- Generation companies generate electricity at power stations , selling the electricity generated via the wholesale market to retailers while physical electricity is injected into either transmission lines ( grid - connected generation ) or distribution lines ( embedded generation ) . Numerous companies generate power , but 92 percent of the generation sector is dominated by five companies : Contact Energy , Genesis Energy , Meridian Energy , Mercury Energy and Trustpower . Transmission -- Transpower operates the national transmission network , consisting of 11,000 km of high voltage lines interconnecting generating power stations with grid exit points to supply distribution networks and large industrial consumers ( direct consumers ) in each of New Zealand 's two main islands . A 611 km high voltage direct current link ( HVDC Inter-Island ) | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_3 | false | In 1946, the management of electricity generation and transmission in New Zealand came under a new department called the State Hydro-Electric Department (SHD), which was later renamed the New Zealand Electricity Department (NZED) in 1958. The Electricity Division of the Ministry of Energy took over responsibility for electricity generation, transmission, policy advice, and regulation in 1978. Distribution and retailing were the responsibility of local electric power boards (EPBs) or municipal electricity departments (MEDs).
New Zealand's electrical energy generation, which was previously state-owned, underwent corporatization, deregulation, and partial privatization in the late twentieth century, following a model typical in the Western world. However, much of the generation and retail sectors, as well as the entire transmission sector, remains under government ownership as state-owned enterprises. The Fourth Labour Government corporatized the Electricity Division as a State Owned Enterprise in 1987, known as the Electricity Corporation of New Zealand (ECNZ), which later traded as Electricorp. The Fourth National Government furthered this by passing the Energy Companies Act 1992, requiring EPBs and MEDs to become commercial companies in charge of distribution and retailing.
In 1994, ECNZ's transmission business was split off as Transpower, and in 1996, ECNZ was split again, forming a new separate generation business called Contact Energy. The Fourth National Government privatized Contact Energy in 1999. From April 1, 1999, the remainder of ECNZ was split again, with the major assets forming three new state-owned enterprises (Mighty River Power, Genesis Energy, and Meridian Energy), and the minor assets being sold off. At the same time, local power companies were required to separate distribution and retailing, with the retail side of the business sold off, mainly to generation companies.
The electricity sector in New Zealand is divided into six distinct parts: generation, transmission, distribution, retailing, regulation, and policy advice. Generation companies generate electricity at power stations and sell it via the wholesale market to retailers. The transmission network is operated by Transpower, consisting of high voltage lines interconnecting power stations with grid exit points to supply distribution networks and large industrial consumers in each of New Zealand's two main islands. The majority of the generation sector is dominated by five companies: Contact Energy, Genesis Energy, Meridian Energy, Mercury Energy, and Trustpower.
In summary, the electricity in New Zealand comes from a variety of sources, including hydropower, which plays a significant role in the country's energy generation. |
New Zealand 's two main islands . A 611 km high voltage direct current link ( HVDC Inter-Island ) connects the two islands ' transmission networks together . Distribution -- Distribution companies operate 150,000 km of medium and low - voltage lines interconnecting grid exit points with consumers and embedded generation . There are 29 distribution companies each serving a set geographic area . Retail -- Retail companies buy electricity from generators and on - sell it to consumers . Numerous companies retail electricity , including many generating companies , but 95 percent of the retail sector is dominated by five companies : Contact Energy , Genesis Energy , Mercury Energy , Meridian Energy and Trustpower . Consumption -- Nearly two million consumers take electricity from the distribution networks or the transmission network and buy electricity from retailers for their use . Consumers range from typical households , which consume on average 8 -- 9 MWh per year , to the Tiwai Point Aluminium Smelter , which consumes 5,400,000 MWh per year . Regulation -- New Zealand 's Electricity Authority is responsible for management of the electricity industry , while Transpower as System Operator manages the electricity system in real time to ensure generation matches demand . Policy and governance is managed by the New Zealand Government and several Crown entities , including the Ministry of Business , Innovation and Employment , the Commerce Commission , and the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority . Regulation and policy ( edit ) Main article : Energy in New Zealand Renewable energy sources provide much of the nation 's electricity production , with the New Zealand energy industry for example reporting a 75 % share in 2013 . The previous government had the goal of increasing this to 90 % by 2025 , the current National government has put priority on security of supply . New Zealand 's previous Labour government introduced a number of measures in the 2000s as part of the vision of New Zealand becoming carbon neutral by 2020 , and intended to collect levies for greenhouse effect emissions from 2010 onwards , to be added to power prices depending on the level of emissions . However , the incoming National government quickly tabled legislation to repeal various of these measures , such as obligatory targets for biofuel percentages , a ban on construction of new fossil fueled generation plants and a ban on future sales of incandescent light bulbs . On 1 January 2010 , the energy sector was required to report greenhouse gas emissions under the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme ( NZETS ) . From 1 July 2010 , the energy sector had formal compliance obligations to buy and surrender one emission unit for every two tonnes of reported emissions . As of December 2011 , there were 78 energy firms compulsorily registered in the NZETS and five voluntary participants . | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_4 | false | Electricity in New Zealand is primarily generated from renewable energy sources, with hydropower being the main contributor. The country's two main islands are connected by a high voltage direct current link, which allows for the transmission of electricity between the two islands. Distribution companies operate a vast network of medium and low-voltage lines to interconnect grid exit points with consumers and embedded generation. There are 29 distribution companies, each serving a specific geographic area. Retail companies, including generating companies, purchase electricity from generators and then sell it to consumers. However, the retail sector is dominated by five major companies: Contact Energy, Genesis Energy, Mercury Energy, Meridian Energy, and Trustpower. Nearly two million consumers in New Zealand obtain electricity from the distribution networks or the transmission network and purchase it from retailers for their use. The electricity industry in New Zealand is regulated by the Electricity Authority, while Transpower serves as the System Operator, managing the electricity system in real time to ensure that generation matches demand. Policy and governance are managed by the New Zealand Government and several Crown entities, including the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, the Commerce Commission, and the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority. Renewable energy sources, particularly hydropower, play a significant role in the nation's electricity production, with the industry reporting a 75% share in 2013. The government has set a goal of increasing this to 90% by 2025, with a focus on security of supply. Previous government initiatives aimed to make New Zealand carbon neutral by 2020 and included measures such as collecting levies for greenhouse effect emissions and implementing the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. However, the incoming National government repealed various measures, including obligatory targets for biofuel percentages, a ban on construction of new fossil fueled generation plants, and a ban on future sales of incandescent light bulbs. As of December 2011, there were 78 energy firms compulsorily registered in the NZETS and five voluntary participants. |
, there were 78 energy firms compulsorily registered in the NZETS and five voluntary participants . Energy sector firms in the NZETS do not receive a free allocation of emissions units and they are expected to pass on to their customers the costs of buying emission units . In April 2013 , the Labour Party and the Green Party said if they were to win the 2014 general election , they would introduce a single buyer of electricity akin to Pharmac ( the single buyer of pharmaceutical drugs in New Zealand ) , in order to cut retail costs . The Government responded by calling it `` economic vandalism '' , comparing it to the Soviet Union , but Greens co-leader Russel Norman said it would boost the economy and create jobs . By the following day , shares in privately owned power company Contact Energy had fallen by more than 10 percent . Electricity market ( edit ) New Zealand demand - weighted daily average wholesale price of electricity 2009 to 2012 . Source : Electricity Authority Main article : New Zealand electricity market Electricity is traded at a wholesale level in a spot market . The market operation is managed by several service providers under agreements with the Electricity Authority . The physical operation of the market is managed by Transpower in its role as System Operator . Generators submit offers ( bids ) through a Wholesale Information and Trading System ( WITS ) . Each offer covers a future half - hour period ( called a trading period ) and is an offer to generate a specified quantity at that time in return for a nominated price . The System Operator ( Transpower ) uses a scheduling , pricing and dispatch ( SPD ) system to rank offers , submitted through WITS , in order of price , and selects the lowest - cost combination of offers ( bids ) to satisfy demand . The market pricing principle is known as bid - based security - constrained economic dispatch with nodal prices . The highest - priced bid offered by a generator required to meet demand for a given half - hour sets the spot price for that trading period . Electricity spot prices can vary significantly across trading periods , reflecting factors such as changing demand ( e.g. lower prices in summer when demand is subdued ) and supply ( e.g. higher prices when hydro lakes and inflows are below average ) . Spot prices can also vary significantly across locations , reflecting electrical losses and constraints on the transmission system ( e.g. higher prices in locations further from generating stations ) . Generation ( edit ) New Zealand electricity generation by fuel type , 1974 -- 2014 . See also : List of power stations in New Zealand In 2014 , New Zealand generated 42,219 gigawatt - hours ( GWh ) of electricity with hydroelectricity making up just over half of this . The installed generating capacity of New Zealand ( all sources ) as of December 2014 was 9,682 megawatts ( MW ) , with | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_5 | false | In New Zealand, electricity is primarily generated through hydropower, which accounted for just over half of the 42,219 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity generated in 2014. The country's installed generating capacity as of December 2014 was 9,682 megawatts (MW) from all sources. Additionally, electricity is traded at a wholesale level in a spot market, with generators submitting offers (bids) through a Wholesale Information and Trading System (WITS). The market operation is managed by several service providers under agreements with the Electricity Authority, and the physical operation of the market is managed by Transpower in its role as System Operator. The market pricing principle is known as bid-based security-constrained economic dispatch with nodal prices, and spot prices can vary significantly across trading periods and locations. Furthermore, there were 78 energy firms compulsorily registered in the NZETS and five voluntary participants, with energy sector firms not receiving a free allocation of emissions units and expected to pass on the costs of buying emission units to their customers. In April 2013, the Labour Party and the Green Party proposed the introduction of a single buyer of electricity, similar to Pharmac, in order to cut retail costs, which was met with criticism from the Government. |
capacity of New Zealand ( all sources ) as of December 2014 was 9,682 megawatts ( MW ) , with hydroelectricity , natural gas , geothermal , wind , coal , oil , and other sources ( mainly biogas , waste heat and wood ) featuring . Note that some power stations can use more than one fuel , so their capacity ( see below table ) has been split in line with the amount of electricity generated by each fuel . Comparing the two main islands , nearly all South Island 's electricity is generated by hydroelectricity -- 98 % in 2014 . The North Island has a wider spread of generation sources with geothermal , natural gas and hydroelectricity all generating a share of between 20 - 30 % each in 2014 . Installed capacity ( MW ) in New Zealand , 31 Dec 2014 Fuel New Zealand NZ % North Island NI % South Island SI % Hydroelectric 5,263 54 % 1,822 16 % 3,441 97 % Gas 1,915 20 % 1,915 31 % Geothermal 979 10 % 979 16 % -- - Wind 683 7 % 576 9 % 107 3 % Coal 550 6 % 546 9 % Oil 165 2 % 165 3 % Other renewable 108 1 % 104 2 % 1 % Other non-renewable 19 15 Total 9,861 - 6,308 - 3,553 - Generation ( GWh ) in New Zealand in 2014 Fuel New Zealand NZ % North Island NI % South Island SI % Hydroelectric 24,090 57 % 5,710 24 % 18,380 98 % Gas 6,627 16 % 6,627 28 % - - Geothermal 6,847 16 % 6,847 29 % - - Wind 2,192 5 % 1,888 8 % 304 2 % Coal 1,833 4 % 1,818 8 % 15 Oil 6 6 | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_6 | false | In December 2014, the total capacity of electricity in New Zealand was 9,682 megawatts (MW). The sources of electricity generation in New Zealand include hydroelectricity, natural gas, geothermal, wind, coal, oil, and other sources such as biogas, waste heat, and wood. The South Island primarily generates electricity from hydroelectricity, accounting for 98% of its electricity generation in 2014. In contrast, the North Island has a more diverse range of generation sources, with geothermal, natural gas, and hydroelectricity each contributing between 20-30% of the electricity generated in 2014. The installed capacity of electricity generation in New Zealand as of December 31, 2014, is as follows:
- Hydroelectric: 5,263 MW (54% of total capacity)
- Gas: 1,915 MW (20% of total capacity)
- Geothermal: 979 MW (10% of total capacity)
- Wind: 683 MW (7% of total capacity)
- Coal: 550 MW (6% of total capacity)
- Oil: 165 MW (2% of total capacity)
- Other renewable: 108 MW (1% of total capacity)
- Other non-renewable: 19 MW
The generation of electricity in New Zealand in 2014 is as follows:
- Hydroelectric: 24,090 GWh (57% of total generation)
- Gas: 6,627 GWh (16% of total generation)
- Geothermal: 6,847 GWh (16% of total generation)
- Wind: 2,192 GWh (5% of total generation)
- Coal: 1,833 GWh (4% of total generation)
- Oil: 6 GWh
Overall, the primary source of electricity generation in New Zealand is hydropower, with hydroelectricity accounting for a significant portion of both the installed capacity and actual generation of electricity in the country. |
6 6 Other renewable 592 1 % 581 2 % 11 Other non-renewable 33 31 Total 42,219 - 23,508 - 18,712 - Hydro ( edit ) The Aviemore Dam , the penultimate hydro station on the Waitaki River hydro scheme . Main article : Hydroelectric power in New Zealand Hydroelectric power stations generate the majority of New Zealand 's electricity , with 22,815 GWh generated by hydroelectricity in 2013 -- 55 percent of New Zealand 's electricity generated that year . The total hydroelectricity installed capacity is 5,262 MW . The South Island is heavily reliant on hydroelectricity , with 98 % of its electricity generated by hydroelectricity in 2013 . There are three major hydroelectric schemes in the South Island : Waitaki , Clutha and Manapouri . Waitaki has three distinct parts -- the original Waitaki and Tekapo A powerhouses ( 1936 and 1951 respectively ) , the 1960s Lower Waitaki development consisting of Benmore and Aviemore , and the 1970 -- 80s Upper Waitaki development of Tekapo B and Ohau A , B , and C. In total , the nine powerhouses generate approximately 7600 GWh annually , around 18 % of New Zealand 's electricity generation and more than 30 % of all its hydroelectricity . Manapouri Power Station is a single underground power station in Fiordland , and the largest hydroelectric station in the country . It generates 730 MW of electricity and produces 4800 GWh annually , mainly for the Tiwai Point aluminium smelter near Invercargill . Both Waitaki and Manapouri are operated by Meridian Energy . The Clutha River scheme is operated by Contact Energy , and consists of two powerhouses : Clyde Dam ( 464 MW , commissioned 1992 ) and Roxburgh Dam ( 320 MW , commissioned 1962 ) . Arapuni Power Station on the Waikato River . Completed in 1929 , it was the first major development after the now - closed Horahora on the Waikato River . The North Island has two major schemes : Tongariro and Waikato . The Tongariro Power Scheme consists of water taken from the catchments of the Whangaehu , Rangitikei , Whanganui and Tongariro Rivers passing through two powerhouses ( Tokaanu and Rangipo ) before being deposited in Lake Taupo . The scheme is operated by Genesis Energy and has an installed capacity of 360 MW . The Waikato River Scheme , operated by Mercury Energy , consists of nine powerhouses on the river between Lake Taupo and Hamilton , generating 3650 GWh annually . Other smaller hydroelectricity facilities and schemes are scattered around both islands of mainland New Zealand . Hydroelectric schemes have largely | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_7 | false | In New Zealand, the majority of electricity is generated from hydropower. In 2013, 55 percent of the country's electricity was generated by hydroelectric power stations, with a total installed capacity of 5,262 MW. The South Island is particularly reliant on hydropower, with 98 percent of its electricity being generated by hydroelectricity in 2013. There are three major hydroelectric schemes in the South Island: Waitaki, Clutha, and Manapouri. The Waitaki scheme consists of three parts, generating approximately 7600 GWh annually. The Manapouri Power Station is the largest hydroelectric station in the country, generating 730 MW of electricity and producing 4800 GWh annually. The Clutha River scheme is operated by Contact Energy and consists of two powerhouses: Clyde Dam and Roxburgh Dam. In the North Island, there are two major schemes: Tongariro and Waikato. The Tongariro Power Scheme is operated by Genesis Energy and has an installed capacity of 360 MW. The Waikato River Scheme, operated by Mercury Energy, consists of nine powerhouses on the river between Lake Taupo and Hamilton, generating 3650 GWh annually. Additionally, there are other smaller hydroelectricity facilities and schemes scattered around both islands of mainland New Zealand. |
scattered around both islands of mainland New Zealand . Hydroelectric schemes have largely shaped hinterland New Zealand . Towns including Mangakino , Turangi , Twizel and Otematata originally were founded for workers on the construction of hydroelectric schemes and their families . The hydroelectric reservoirs of Lake Ruataniwha and Lake Karapiro are world - class rowing venues , with the latter having hosted the 1978 and the 2010 World Rowing Championships . Other schemes have shaped political New Zealand . In the 1970s , the original plans to raise Lake Manapouri for the Manapouri station were scrapped after major protests . Later in the 1980s , protests were made against the creation of Lake Dunstan behind the Clyde Dam , which would flood the Cromwell Gorge and part of Cromwell township , destroying many fruit orchards and the main street of Cromwell . However , the project was given the go ahead and Lake Dunstan was filled in 1992 -- 93 . Hydroelectricity generation has remained relatively steady since 1993 -- the only major hydroelectricity projects since then was the completion of the second Manapouri tailrace tunnel in 2002 , increasing the station from 585 MW to 750 MW , and due to resource consent the station increases further to 800 MW . No major new hydroelectric projects have been committed as of December 2011 , but there are proposals for further developments on the Waitaki and Clutha Rivers , and on the West Coast of the South Island . Geothermal ( edit ) The Wairakei geothermal power plant . Main article : Geothermal power in New Zealand New Zealand lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire , creating favourable geological conditions for the exploitation of geothermal power . Geothermal fields have been located across New Zealand , but at present , most geothermal power is generated within the Taupo Volcanic Zone -- an area in the North Island stretching from Mount Ruapehu in the south to White Island in the north . As at December 2012 , the installed capacity of geothermal power was 723 MW , and in 2013 , geothermal generated 6,053 GWh of electricity -- 15 % of the country 's electricity generation that year . The majority of New Zealand 's geothermal power is generated north of Lake Taupo . Eight stations generate electricity here , including Wairakei Power Station , New Zealand 's oldest ( 1958 ) and largest ( 176 MW ) geothermal power station , and the world 's second large - scale geothermal power facility . Also in this area are Nga Awa Purua , which is home to the world 's largest geothermal turbine at 147 MW ( although the plant only generates 140 MW ) ; and Ohaaki , which has a 105 - metre tall hyperboloid natural draft cooling tower : the only one of its kind in New Zealand . A significant amount of geothermal electricity is also generated near Kawerau in the eastern Bay of Plenty , and a small amount is generated near Kaikohe in Northland . Much of New Zealand 's | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_8 | false | Electricity generation in New Zealand is primarily sourced from hydropower and geothermal power. The country's favorable geological conditions, particularly in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, have allowed for the exploitation of geothermal power, with the majority of geothermal power being generated north of Lake Taupo. Additionally, hydroelectric schemes have played a significant role in shaping hinterland New Zealand, with towns like Mangakino, Turangi, Twizel, and Otematata originally founded for workers on the construction of hydroelectric schemes and their families. The hydroelectric reservoirs of Lake Ruataniwha and Lake Karapiro are world-class rowing venues, and there have been proposals for further developments on the Waitaki and Clutha Rivers, as well as on the West Coast of the South Island. Despite the presence of geothermal and hydroelectric power, no major new hydroelectric projects have been committed as of December 2011. |
, and a small amount is generated near Kaikohe in Northland . Much of New Zealand 's geothermal power potential still lies untapped , with the New Zealand Geothermal Association estimating an installation capacity ( using only existing technology ) of around 3,600 MW . Wind ( edit ) The 255kW demonstration wind turbine installed at Brooklyn , Wellington Main article : Wind power in New Zealand Wind is the youngest existing electricity power source in New Zealand and the fastest growing power source . In December 2012 , total installed wind capacity was 614 MW , and in 2013 , wind generated 2,000 GWh of electricity -- 5 % of all electricity generated that year . Electricity was first generated by wind in New Zealand in 1993 , by a 225 kW demonstration turbine in the Wellington suburb of Brooklyn . The first commercial wind farm was established in 1996 -- the Hau Nui Wind Farm , 22 km southeast of Martinborough had seven turbines and generated 3.85 MW . The Tararua Wind Farm was first commissioned in 1999 with 32 MW of generating capacity , gradually expanding over the next eight years to 161 MW -- the largest wind farm in New Zealand . Other major wind farms include Te Apiti , West Wind and White Hill . Wind power in New Zealand shares the difficulties typical to other nations ( uneven wind strengths , ideal locations often remote from power demand areas ) . The Tararua Wind Farm averages slightly more than New Zealand 's 45 % full capacity usage ( in other words , wind farms in New Zealand produce more than double their average energy during periods of maximum useful wind strengths ) . However , the New Zealand Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority figures indicate that wind power is also expected to operate at maximum capacity for around 4,000 hours a year , much more than for example the approximately 2,000 hours ( Germany ) to 3,000 hours ( Scotland , Wales , Western Ireland ) found in European countries . Wind power is continuing to grow rapidly -- as of January 2011 , a total of 115 MW capacity is under construction and is expected to commissioned by mid-2011 . Another 1109 MW of capacity has been given resource consent , and there is at least another 2500 MW of capacity under proposal or yet to receive consent . Fossil fuels ( edit ) Huntly Power Station on the Waikato River . The 1435 MW facility burns coal and gas , and is the country 's largest power station . Fossil fuels , specifically coal , oil and gas , produced 10,383 GWh of electricity in 2013 -- 25 % of all electricity generated that year . This was split into 8,143 GWh by gas , 2,238 GWh by coal , and 3 GWh by oil . Total combined installed capacity in 2012 was 2,974 MW . The North Island generates nearly all of New Zealand 's fossil - fuelled electricity . Up until the 1950s , fossil - fuelled stations were small - scale and usually fuelled by coal or coal by - products , providing | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_9 | false | Electricity in New Zealand is generated from a variety of sources, including hydropower, geothermal power, wind power, and fossil fuels. Hydropower is the largest source of electricity in the country, followed by geothermal power. Wind power is the fastest growing power source in New Zealand, and fossil fuels, specifically coal, oil, and gas, also contribute to electricity generation. The country has significant untapped geothermal power potential, and wind power is continuing to grow rapidly. The North Island generates nearly all of New Zealand's fossil-fuelled electricity. |
- fuelled stations were small - scale and usually fuelled by coal or coal by - products , providing electricity to cities yet to be connected to hydro schemes and to provide additional support to such schemes . Large - scale coal - fired generation came in 1958 with the establishment of the 210 MW Meremere Power Station . Oil - fired stations such as Otahuhu A , Marsden A&B , and New Plymouth were commissioned in the late 1960s and early 1970s . The discovery of natural gas off the Taranaki coast , and the oil crises of the 1970s , saw oil - fueled stations converted to gas operation or mothballed , while gas - fired stations proliferated , especially in Taranaki and Auckland , well into the 2000s . Only in recent years has coal made a comeback , as Taranaki gas has slowly depleted . Today , there are three major fossil - fuelled stations in New Zealand . Smaller gas - and coal - fuelled industrial generators are found across New Zealand and especially in Auckland , Waikato , Bay of Plenty , and Taranaki . Genesis Energy 's Huntly Power Station in northern Waikato is New Zealand 's largest power station -- with 1000 MW of coal - and gas - fired generators and 435 MW of gas only generators , it supplies around 17 % of the country 's electricity . A gas - fired power station exists in Taranaki at Stratford ( 585 MW ) . Whirinaki is a 155 MW diesel - fired station north of Napier , providing backup generation for periods when generation is not otherwise available , such as when plants break down , or during dry seasons where there is limited water available for hydroelectricity generation . Diesel - fuelled generation using internal combustion engines is popular in hinterland New Zealand where the national network does n't reach , such as on offshore islands , alpine huts , sparsely populated areas and isolated homes and farm sheds . Diesel fuel suitable for generators is readily available across the country at petrol stations -- diesel is not taxed at the petrol pump in New Zealand , and instead diesel - powered vehicles pay Road User Charges based on their gross tonnage and distance travelled . As of 2012 none of the power generators appear to be committed to the construction of any new fossil - fuelled power stations . However , for several years there have been two unactioned but reasonably well defined proposals for gas - fired power stations with 880 MW of generating capacity in the Auckland area . Both the proposed Rodney Power Station ( Genesis Energy ) near Helensville and the proposed Otahuhu Power Station C plant ( Contact Energy ) have resource consents . Other sources ( edit ) Marine ( edit ) New Zealand is considered to have abundant marine energy resources , although these are yet to be tapped . The Kaipara Tidal Power Station is being developed in the Kaipara Harbour and marine current projects in Cook Strait are under consideration . The Aotearoa Wave and Tidal Energy Association was | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_10 | false | Electricity generation in New Zealand has evolved over the years, with a variety of sources being utilized to power the country. Historically, small-scale fuelled stations were prevalent, primarily using coal or coal by-products to provide electricity to areas not yet connected to hydro schemes. The establishment of large-scale coal-fired generation came in 1958 with the Meremere Power Station, marking a significant shift in the country's energy landscape. Oil-fired stations such as Otahuhu A, Marsden A&B, and New Plymouth were commissioned in the late 1960s and early 1970s, further diversifying the sources of electricity generation.
The discovery of natural gas off the Taranaki coast and the oil crises of the 1970s led to the conversion of oil-fueled stations to gas operation, while gas-fired stations proliferated, especially in Taranaki and Auckland. However, in recent years, coal has made a comeback as Taranaki gas has slowly depleted. Currently, there are three major fossil-fuelled stations in New Zealand, with smaller gas and coal-fuelled industrial generators found across various regions.
The largest power station in New Zealand is Genesis Energy's Huntly Power Station, which utilizes both coal and gas-fired generators to supply a significant portion of the country's electricity. Additionally, gas-fired power stations exist in Taranaki at Stratford, and a diesel-fired station in Whirinaki provides backup generation during periods of limited water availability for hydroelectricity generation.
In areas where the national network does not reach, such as offshore islands, alpine huts, sparsely populated areas, and isolated homes and farm sheds, diesel-fuelled generation using internal combustion engines is popular. This is due to the ready availability of diesel fuel across the country, as it is not taxed at the petrol pump in New Zealand.
While there are currently no commitments to the construction of new fossil-fuelled power stations, there have been proposals for gas-fired power stations with significant generating capacity in the Auckland area. Additionally, New Zealand is considered to have abundant marine energy resources, with projects such as the Kaipara Tidal Power Station and marine current projects in Cook Strait under consideration. |
in Cook Strait are under consideration . The Aotearoa Wave and Tidal Energy Association was established by firms and people interested in promoting New Zealand marine energy . Nuclear ( edit ) Despite popular belief , it is not illegal under New Zealand 's nuclear - free legislation to build or operate a nuclear power station -- the legislation covers only nuclear - propelled ships , nuclear explosive devices and radioactive waste . The only significant proposal for a nuclear power station in New Zealand was the Oyster Point Power Station , on the Kaipara Harbour near Kaukapakapa north of Auckland . Between 1968 and 1976 , there were plans to develop four 250 MW reactors at the site . In 1976 , the plans were dropped as the discovery of Maui gas meant there was no immediate need to embark on a nuclear programme . Since 1976 , the idea of nuclear power , especially in the Auckland region , has popped up from time to time , but there are no definite plans . Transmission ( edit ) The major transmission network . Blue circles are generation centres . Red circles are load centres . Black lines are major AC transmission corridors . The dashed line is the HVDC Inter-Island . A 220kV transmission line ( back ) and the HVDC Inter-Island transmission line ( front ) near Cook Strait in Wellington A power line following SH1 in South Auckland Main article : National Grid ( New Zealand ) New Zealand 's national electricity transmission grid connects its generating facilities to its demand centres , which are often more than 150 km ( 93 mi ) from each other . The national grid is owned , operated and maintained by state - owned enterprise Transpower New Zealand . The grid contains 11,803 kilometres ( 7,334 mi ) of high - voltage lines and 178 substations . The first major transmission lines were built in 1913 -- 14 , connecting the Horahora hydro station to Waikino , and Coleridge hydro station with Addington in Christchurch . The interwar years saw the first major construction of a national network of 110 kV lines connecting towns and cities to hydroelectric schemes . By 1940 , the transmission network stretched from Whangarei to Wellington in the North Island , and Christchurch to Greymouth and Invercargill in the South Island . Nelson and Marlborough , the last regions , joined the national grid in 1955 . The 220 kV network began in the early 1950s , connecting the Waikato River dams to Auckland and Wellington , and Roxburgh Dam to Christchurch . The two islands were joined together by the HVDC Inter-Island link in 1965 . The first 400 kV transmission line was completed between Whakamaru Dam on the Waikato River and Brownhill substation east of Auckland in 2012 , but presently is operated at 220 kV . Existing grid ( edit ) The backbone of the grid in each island is the network of 220 kV transmission lines . These lines connect the larger cities and power users with the major power stations . | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_11 | false | Electricity generation in New Zealand primarily comes from hydropower. The national electricity transmission grid connects generating facilities to demand centers, which are often more than 150 km from each other. The grid is owned, operated, and maintained by state-owned enterprise Transpower New Zealand and contains 11,803 kilometers of high-voltage lines and 178 substations. The first major transmission lines were built in 1913-14, connecting hydro stations to various locations. The interwar years saw the construction of a national network of 110 kV lines connecting towns and cities to hydroelectric schemes. By 1940, the transmission network stretched from Whangarei to Wellington in the North Island, and Christchurch to Greymouth and Invercargill in the South Island. The two islands were joined together by the HVDC Inter-Island link in 1965. The backbone of the grid in each island is the network of 220 kV transmission lines, which connect the larger cities and power users with the major power stations. The Aotearoa Wave and Tidal Energy Association was established to promote marine energy in New Zealand. Despite popular belief, it is not illegal under New Zealand's nuclear-free legislation to build or operate a nuclear power station. The legislation only covers nuclear-propelled ships, nuclear explosive devices, and radioactive waste. The only significant proposal for a nuclear power station in New Zealand was the Oyster Point Power Station, but the plans were dropped in 1976. Since then, the idea of nuclear power, especially in the Auckland region, has popped up from time to time, but there are no definite plans. |
lines . These lines connect the larger cities and power users with the major power stations . Lower capacity 110 kV , 66 kV and 50 kV transmission lines connect smaller towns and cities and smaller power stations , and are connected to the 220 kV core grid through points of interconnection at major transmission substations . These stations include Otahuhu and Penrose in Auckland , Whakamaru , Wairakei and Bunnythorpe in the central North Island , Haywards in Wellington , Islington and Bromley in Christchurch , and Twizel and Benmore in the Waitaki Valley . The grid today has ageing infrastructure , and increasing demand is placing significant loads on some parts of the network . Transpower is currently upgrading existing lines and substations to ensure supply security . Investments in new transmission are now regulated by the Commerce Commission . In a news release in January 2012 , the Commerce Commission reported that Transpower was planning to invest $5 billion over the next 10 years in upgrades of critical infrastructure . Since 2006 , Transpower has spent nearly $2 billion reinforcing the supply into and around Auckland . A 400 kV - capable transmission line was completed in 2012 , linking Whakamaru to Brownhill substation in Whitford , east of Auckland , with 220 kV cables linking Brownhill to Pakuranga . In 2014 , a new 220 kV cable was commissioned between Pakuranga and Albany ( via Penrose , Hobson Street and Wairau Road ) , forming a second high - voltage route between northern and southern Auckland . HVDC Inter-Island ( edit ) Main article : HVDC Inter-Island The HVDC Inter-Island scheme is New Zealand 's only high voltage direct current ( HVDC ) system , and links the North and South Island grids together . The link connects the South Island converter station at the Benmore Dam in southern Canterbury with the North Island converter station at Haywards substation in the Hutt Valley via a 610 km long overhead bipolar HVDC line with submarine cables across Cook Strait . The HVDC link was commissioned in 1965 as a ± 250 kV , 600 MW bipolar HVDC scheme using mercury - arc valve converters , and was originally designed to transfer surplus South Island hydroelectric power northwards to the more populous North Island . In 1976 , the control system of the original scheme was modified to allow power to be sent in the reverse direction , from Haywards to Benmore . Haywards Pole 2 thyristor valve during maintenance shutdown The HVDC link provides North Island consumers with access to the South Island 's large hydro generation capacity , which may be important for the North Island during peak winter periods . For South Island consumers , the HVDC link provides access to the North Island 's thermal generation capacity , which is important for the South Island during dry periods . Without the HVDC link , more generation would be needed in both the North and South Islands . In | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_12 | false | Electricity in New Zealand primarily comes from hydropower. The country's power grid consists of a network of transmission lines that connect major power stations to larger cities and power users. The grid also includes lower capacity transmission lines that connect smaller towns and cities to smaller power stations. The infrastructure of the grid is aging, and increasing demand is placing significant loads on some parts of the network. To address this, Transpower is currently upgrading existing lines and substations to ensure supply security. Investments in new transmission are regulated by the Commerce Commission, and Transpower has plans to invest $5 billion over the next 10 years in upgrades of critical infrastructure. The HVDC Inter-Island scheme is New Zealand's only high voltage direct current (HVDC) system, which links the North and South Island grids together. This link provides North Island consumers with access to the South Island's large hydro generation capacity, and for South Island consumers, it provides access to the North Island's thermal generation capacity. Without the HVDC link, more generation would be needed in both the North and South Islands. |
. Without the HVDC link , more generation would be needed in both the North and South Islands . In addition , the HVDC link is essential for the electricity market , as it allows generators in the North and South Islands to compete , putting downward pressure on prices and minimising the need to invest in costly new generating stations . The HVDC link also plays an important part in allowing renewable energy sources to be managed between the two islands . In 1992 , the original mercury - arc equipment was paralleled to create a single pole ( Pole 1 ) , and a new thyristor - based pole ( Pole 2 ) was commissioned alongside it . The transmission lines and submarine cables were also upgraded to double the link 's maximum capacity to 1240 MW . The mercury - arc valve converter equipment was partially decommissioned in 2007 , and fully decommissioned in August 2012 . Replacement thyristor converter stations ( to be known as Pole 3 ) entered into service on 30 May 2013 . Further work to Pole 2 will bring the link 's capacity to 1200MW by the end of the year . Distribution ( edit ) A distribution transformer mounted on a power pole in Wellington Electricity from Transpower 's national grid is distributed to local lines companies and large industrial users via 180 grid exit points ( GXPs ) at 147 locations . Large industrial companies , such as New Zealand Steel at Glenbrook , the Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill at Kawerau , and the Tiwai Point Aluminium Smelter near Bluff , draw directly from Transpower substations and not the local lines companies ' local grids . Distribution of electricity to local consumers is the responsibility of one of about 30 local line companies . Each company supplies electricity to a set geographic area based on the grid exit points they draw from . The line companies are : Line company Urban areas served Alpine Energy Timaru , Mackenzie and Waimate districts Aurora Energy Dunedin , Alexandra , Cromwell , Queenstown , Arrowtown , Wanaka Buller Electricity Westport Centralines Central Hawke 's Bay district Counties Power Auckland ( southern Papakura and Drury only ) , Pukekohe , Waiuku Eastland Network Gisborne , Wairoa Electra Horowhenua and Kapiti Coast districts Electricity Ashburton Ashburton district Electricity Invercargill Invercargill ( inner suburbs ) , Bluff Horizon Energy Distribution Whakatane , Kawerau and Opotiki districts The Lines Company Otorohanga , Te Kuiti , Taumarunui , Turangi , Ohakune MainPower Waimakariri District , Hurunui District and | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_13 | false | Electricity in New Zealand is primarily generated through hydropower. The country relies on the HVDC link to transfer electricity between the North and South Islands, allowing generators in both regions to compete and minimizing the need for costly new generating stations. The HVDC link also plays a crucial role in managing renewable energy sources between the two islands. The distribution of electricity to local consumers is the responsibility of approximately 30 local line companies, each serving a specific geographic area based on the grid exit points they draw from. Large industrial users, such as New Zealand Steel, the Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill, and the Tiwai Point Aluminium Smelter, draw directly from Transpower substations rather than the local lines companies' grids. This distribution network ensures that electricity is efficiently delivered to both urban and rural areas throughout New Zealand. |
, Ohakune MainPower Waimakariri District , Hurunui District and Kaikoura district Marlborough Lines Marlborough region Nelson Electricity Nelson ( CBD ) Network Tasman Takaka , Motueka , Mapua , Nelson ( suburbs ) , Brightwater , Wakefield Network Waitaki Oamaru Northpower Whangarei and Kaipara district Orion Christchurch city and Selwyn district OtagoNet Joint Venture Waikouaiti , Milton , Balclutha The Power Company Gore , Te Anau , Winton , Riverton , Invercargill ( outer suburbs ) Powerco Thames - Coromandel , Hauraki , Matamata - Piako , South Waikato districts ; Tauranga city and Western Bay of Plenty district ; Taranaki region ; Palmerston North city and Whanganui , Rangitikei and Manawatu ditstricts ; Waiouru and Raehiti ; southern Tararua district ; Masterton , Carterton and South Wairarapa districts . Scanpower northern Tararua district Top Energy Far North district Unison Networks Rotorua , Taupo , Napier , Hastings Vector Wellsford , Warkworth , Snells Beach , Helensville , Waiheke Island , Auckland ( excluding southern Papakura and Drury ) Waipa Networks Waipa district , Kawhia WEL Networks Te Kauwhata , Huntly , Raglan , Hamilton Wellington Electricity Wellington metro area Westpower Reefton , Greymouth , Hokitika The local line companies draw electricity from one or more grid exit points at various voltages between 11 kV and 110 kV , with voltages 22 kV and over usually used for sub-transmission between towns and other communities . Sub-transmission voltages are stepped down to distribution voltage at zone substations . Some medium - sized industrial consumers draw directly from the subtransmission grid , and smaller power stations up to around 60 MW in size usually connect to the sub-transmission grid for distribution and connection to the national grid . Subtransmission and distribution voltages differ from area to area . Most areas use 33 kV subtransmission and 11 kV distribution , although there are multiple variations : for example , Auckland uses 110 / 33 / 22 kV subtransmission and 22 / 11 kV distribution , Gisborne uses 50 kV and 11 kV , Canterbury north of the Rangitata River uses 66 / 33 kV and 22 / 11 kV , Dunedin used 33 kV and 11 / 6.6 kV , and the Waipa and northern Tararua districts have 11 kV distribution with no subtransmission network . Distribution voltage lines run from zone substations | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_14 | false | In New Zealand, electricity is provided by a number of local line companies, each serving specific regions of the country. These companies draw electricity from one or more grid exit points at various voltages between 11 kV and 110 kV. The voltages of 22 kV and over are usually used for sub-transmission between towns and other communities. Sub-transmission voltages are stepped down to distribution voltage at zone substations. Some medium-sized industrial consumers draw directly from the subtransmission grid, and smaller power stations up to around 60 MW in size usually connect to the sub-transmission grid for distribution and connection to the national grid.
The local line companies cover a wide range of regions, including Ohakune, Waimakariri District, Hurunui District, Kaikoura district, Marlborough region, Nelson (CBD and suburbs), Takaka, Motueka, Mapua, Oamaru, Whangarei, Kaipara district, Christchurch city, Selwyn district, Waikouaiti, Milton, Balclutha, Gore, Te Anau, Winton, Riverton, Invercargill (outer suburbs), Thames-Coromandel, Hauraki, Matamata-Piako, South Waikato districts, Tauranga city, Western Bay of Plenty district, Taranaki region, Palmerston North city, Whanganui, Rangitikei, Manawatu districts, Waiouru, Raehiti, southern Tararua district, Masterton, Carterton, South Wairarapa districts, northern Tararua district, Far North district, Rotorua, Taupo, Napier, Hastings, Wellsford, Warkworth, Snells Beach, Helensville, Waiheke Island, Auckland (excluding southern Papakura and Drury), Waipa district, Kawhia, Te Kauwhata, Huntly, Raglan, Hamilton, Wellington metro area, Reefton, Greymouth, Hokitika.
The distribution voltage lines run from zone substations, and the distribution voltage varies from area to area. Most areas use 33 kV subtransmission and 11 kV distribution, although there are multiple variations. For example, Auckland uses 110/33/22 kV subtransmission and 22/11 kV distribution, Gisborne uses 50 kV and 11 kV, Canterbury north of the Rangitata River uses 66/33 kV and 22/11 kV, Dunedin used 33 kV and 11/6.6 kV, and the Waipa and northern Tararua districts have 11 kV distribution with no subtransmission network.
In summary, the electricity in New Zealand is provided by a network of local line companies that draw electricity from grid exit points at various voltages and distribute it to different regions across the country. |
with no subtransmission network . Distribution voltage lines run from zone substations ( or the grid exit point ) to the streets of consumers , and to some large local businesses , such as supermarkets , schools , large farms . Three phase power is available in all urban and most rural areas . Single phase supply utilising only two phases or single wire earth return systems are used in outlying and remote rural areas with light loads . Local pole - mounted or ground - mounted distribution transformers step - down the electricity from distribution voltage to the New Zealand mains voltage of 230 / 400 volts ( phase - to - earth / phase - to - phase ) for distribution into local homes and businesses . Isolated areas ( edit ) New Zealand 's national electricity network covers the majority of both the North and South Islands . Waiheke Island , New Zealand 's most populous offshore island , is supplied electricity from Vector 's Auckland sub-transmission network via submarine cables between Maraetai and the island . However , many offshore islands and some parts of the South Island are not connected to the national grid and operate independent generation systems , mainly due to the difficulty of building lines from other areas . These places include : Great Barrier Island . The largest population in New Zealand without a reticulated electricity supply . Generation is from individual schemes for households or groups of households . A combination of renewable and non-renewable energy . Haast . The area around Haast and extending south to Jackson Bay is not connected to the rest of New Zealand . It operates from a hydroelectric scheme on the Turnbull River with diesel backup . Milford Sound . Electricity is generated via a small hydroelectric scheme operating off Bowen Falls with a diesel backup . Deep Cove , Doubtful Sound . The small community at Deep Cove at the head of Doubtful Sound operates off a hydro scheme , although during the construction of the second Manapouri Tailrace Tunnel a high voltage cable was installed connecting this tiny settlement with the Manapouri Power Station . Stewart Island / Rakiura . This island 's power supply for a population of 300 / 400 people is entirely diesel generated . Renewable energy sources are limited , but they are being actively investigated in order to increase the sustainability of the island 's power supply , and reduce the cost . Chatham Islands . Power on Chatham Island is provided by two 200 kW wind turbines that provide most of the power on the island while diesel generators provide the rest , with fuel brought from the mainland . Many other schemes exist on offshore islands that have permanent or temporary habitation , mostly generators or small renewable systems . An example is the ranger / research station on Little Barrier Island , where twenty 175 watt photovoltaic panels provide the | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_15 | false | Electricity in New Zealand is primarily generated from hydropower. The national electricity network covers the majority of both the North and South Islands, with distribution voltage lines running from zone substations to the streets of consumers and large local businesses. Three phase power is available in all urban and most rural areas, while single phase supply utilizing only two phases or single wire earth return systems are used in outlying and remote rural areas with light loads. Local pole-mounted or ground-mounted distribution transformers step down the electricity from distribution voltage to the New Zealand mains voltage of 230/400 volts for distribution into local homes and businesses.
However, there are isolated areas in New Zealand that are not connected to the national grid and operate independent generation systems. These areas include Great Barrier Island, Haast, Milford Sound, Deep Cove in Doubtful Sound, Stewart Island/Rakiura, and the Chatham Islands. These areas rely on a combination of renewable and non-renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric schemes, diesel backup, and wind turbines. Efforts are being made to increase the sustainability of the power supply in these isolated areas and reduce costs by actively investigating renewable energy sources. |
/ research station on Little Barrier Island , where twenty 175 watt photovoltaic panels provide the mainstay for local needs , with a diesel generator for backup . Consumption ( edit ) New Zealand electricity consumption 1974 -- 2009 In 2014 , New Zealand consumed a total of 39,644 GWh of electricity . Industrial consumption made up 37 % of that figure , agricultural consumption made up 7 % , commercial consumption made up 24 % , and residential consumption made up 32 % . There were just over 1,964,000 connections to the national electricity network in 2014 , with 87 % being residential connections . Electricity consumption in New Zealand ( by sector , 2014 year ) Consumption ( GWh ) Total connections Agriculture , Forestry and Fishing 2,892 78,672 Industrial 14,480 39,231 Mining 419 Food Processing 2,391 Wood , Pulp , Paper and Printing 2,650 Chemicals 761 Basic Metals 6,541 Other sectors 1,717 Commercial and Transport 9,472 168,697 Residential 12,541 1,716,844 Total 39,644 1,964,212 New Zealand 's largest single electricity user is the Tiwai Point Aluminium Smelter in Southland , which can demand up to 640 megawatts of power , and annually consumes around 5400 GWh . The smelter effectively has the Manapouri power station as a dedicated power generator to supply it . Other large industrial users include the Tasman pulp and paper mill at Kawerau ( 175 MW demand ) , and New Zealand Steel 's Glenbrook mill ( 116 MW demand ) . The other major consumers are the cities , with Auckland , the nation 's largest city , demanding up to 1722 MW and consuming 8679 GWh in 2010 -- 11 . Wellington , Christchurch , Hamilton and Dunedin are also major consumers , with other large demand centres including Whangarei - Marsden Point , Tauranga , New Plymouth , Napier - Hastings , Palmerston North , Nelson , Ashburton , Timaru - Temuka , and Invercargill . Major outages ( edit ) High - profile grid failures have occurred in Auckland relating to its ageing and overloading network . In June 2006 , the seven - hour 2006 Auckland Blackout occurred when a corroded shackle at Otahuhu broke in strong winds and subsequently blacked out much of inner Auckland . In October 2009 , a three - hour blackout of northern Auckland and Northland occurred after a shipping container forklift accidentally hit the only major line supplying the region . A major failure of distribution | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_16 | false | Electricity in New Zealand primarily comes from hydropower. The country has a total of 39,644 GWh of electricity consumption, with industrial, agricultural, commercial, and residential sectors all contributing to the overall usage. The largest single electricity user in New Zealand is the Tiwai Point Aluminium Smelter in Southland, which can demand up to 640 megawatts of power and annually consumes around 5400 GWh. Other major consumers include cities such as Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, Hamilton, and Dunedin. The country also has a research station on Little Barrier Island, where photovoltaic panels provide the mainstay for local needs, with a diesel generator for backup. However, high-profile grid failures have occurred in Auckland due to its aging and overloading network. In June 2006, the seven-hour 2006 Auckland Blackout occurred when a corroded shackle at Otahuhu broke in strong winds and subsequently blacked out much of inner Auckland. In October 2009, a three-hour blackout of northern Auckland and Northland occurred after a shipping container forklift accidentally hit the only major line supplying the region. |
hit the only major line supplying the region . A major failure of distribution systems occurred in the 1998 Auckland power crisis -- two 40 - year - old cables connecting Penrose and Auckland 's central business district failed in January to February 1998 during unseasonally hot weather , causing strain on the two newer remaining cables , which subsequently failed on 20 February 1998 and plunged central Auckland into darkness . The failure cost businesses NZ $300 million , and resulted in central Auckland being without electricity for 66 days until an emergency overhead line could reconnect the city -- the longest peacetime blackout in history . See also ( edit ) Energy in New Zealand List of power stations in New Zealand Renewable electricity in New Zealand National Grid ( New Zealand ) New Zealand electricity market References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : Energy in New Zealand 2015 , MBIE , 27 September 2015 , ISSN 2324 - 5913 Jump up ^ `` Energy Greenhouse Gas Emissions '' . MED . September 2012 . Retrieved 6 October 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Electricity cost and price monitoring '' . MBIE . March 2016 . ^ Jump up to : `` Energy in New Zealand '' . MBIE . July 2014 . ^ Jump up to : New Zealand Historical Atlas -- McKinnon , Malcolm ( Editor ) ; David Bateman , 1997 , Plate 98 Jump up ^ `` Phoenix Mine Hydro Electric Plant Site '' . New Zealand Historic Places Trust . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . Jump up ^ P.G. Petchey ( November 2006 ) . `` Gold and electricity - Archaeological survey of Bullendale , Otago '' ( PDF ) . Department of Conservation . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ Jump up to : New Zealand Historical Atlas ; McKinnon , Malcolm ( Editor ) ; David Bateman , 1997 , Plate 88 Jump up ^ `` Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives PUBLIC WORKS STATEMENT . BY THE HON . WILLIAM FRASER , MINISTER OF PUBLIC WORKS . 18th OCTOBER , 1912 . '' . paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand . Retrieved 2017 - 07 - 01 . Jump up ^ `` Background to Governance and Regulation , Electricity Authority '' . Archived from the original on 11 August 2011 . Retrieved 2011 - 09 - 26 . Jump up ^ `` New Zealand Commits to 90 % Renewable Electricity by 2025 '' . Renewable Energy World . 26 September 2006 . Retrieved 4 April 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Policy on Energy '' . National Party . 2008 . Archived from the original on 19 April 2012 . Retrieved 8 January 2009 . ^ Jump up to : Bradley , Grant ( 26 November 2007 ) . `` Big tick for wind as power of the future '' . The New Zealand Herald . Jump up ^ `` New Zealand to be carbon neutral by 2020 '' ( PDF ) . Ecos 7 . April -- May 2007 . p. 136 . Retrieved 26 November 2007 . Jump up ^ Parker , David ( 11 October 2007 ) . `` Energy strategy delivers | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_17 | false | Electricity in New Zealand is primarily generated through hydropower. The country has a history of relying on hydropower for its electricity needs, with a number of hydroelectric plants in operation. However, the distribution of electricity has faced challenges in the past, such as the 1998 Auckland power crisis, which resulted in a major blackout in the central business district. Despite these challenges, New Zealand has committed to increasing its renewable electricity sources, with a goal of reaching 90% renewable electricity by 2025. This commitment reflects the country's focus on sustainable energy and reducing its carbon footprint. |
2007 . Jump up ^ Parker , David ( 11 October 2007 ) . `` Energy strategy delivers sustainable energy system '' . Speech notes for launch of NZ Energy Strategy . New Zealand Government . Retrieved 26 November 2007 . Jump up ^ `` Biofuel Obligation Law Repealed '' . New Zealand Government . 17 December 2008 . Retrieved 8 January 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Thermal Ban Repealed '' . New Zealand Government . 16 December 2008 . Retrieved 8 January 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Light bulb ban ended '' . New Zealand Government . 16 December 2008 . Retrieved 8 January 2009 . Jump up ^ MfE ( 16 December 2011 ) . `` Energy obligations '' . New Zealand Climate change information . Ministry for the Environment . Archived from the original on 11 March 2012 . Retrieved 15 June 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Energy '' . New Zealand Climate change information . Ministry for the Environment. 16 December 2011 . Retrieved 15 June 2012 . The energy sector wo n't receive an allocation of NZUs because they 'll be able to pass the costs of their ETS obligations on to their customers . Jump up ^ `` Labour 's power plan ' political posturing ' '' . 3 News NZ. April 18 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Opposition ' trying to disrupt share sales ' '' . 3 News NZ. April 19 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Norman : Power plan will boost economy '' . 3 News NZ. April 19 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Norman : Contact shares continue to plummet '' . 3 News NZ. April 19 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Market Operation Service Providers '' . Electricity Authority . Archived from the original on 29 August 2011 . Retrieved 2011 - 10 - 15 . Jump up ^ `` MED Energy Sector Information : Waitaki River '' . MED . Retrieved 24 December 2008 . Jump up ^ `` Aviemore Dam '' . URS Corp . Retrieved 15 January 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Manapouri hydro station '' . Meridian Energy . 2012 . Retrieved 27 May 2012 . Jump up ^ `` NZ Hosting Largest Geothermal Turbine at Nga Awa Purua '' . ThinkGeoenergy. 6 May 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Development Potential '' . New Zealand Geothermal Association . Archived from the original on 2 February 2008 . Retrieved 2008 - 02 - 23 . Jump up ^ `` Proposed wind farms -- New Zealand Wind Energy Association '' . Retrieved 17 January 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Huntly Power Station '' . Genesis Energy . Archived from the original on 25 May 2008 . Retrieved 26 July 2008 . ^ Jump up to : `` Nuclear Energy Prospects in New Zealand '' . World Nuclear Association . April 2009 . Retrieved 28 January 2011 . Jump up ^ `` New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone , Disarmament , and Arms Control Act 1987 - New Zealand Legislation '' . Parliamentary Counsel Office . Retrieved 28 January 2010 . Jump up ^ `` A Guide to Transpower 2009 '' ( PDF ) . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 11 June 2011 . Retrieved 2009 - 04 - 16 . Jump up ^ | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_18 | false | Electricity in New Zealand primarily comes from hydropower. The country has a number of hydro stations, including the Manapouri hydro station and the Aviemore Dam. In addition to hydropower, New Zealand also has geothermal turbines, wind farms, and the Huntly Power Station. The country has a strong focus on sustainable energy systems, as evidenced by the repeal of the Biofuel Obligation Law, Thermal Ban, and Light bulb ban. The energy sector in New Zealand is subject to ETS obligations, and there has been political debate surrounding the power plan and share sales. Despite the potential for nuclear energy, New Zealand has a Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act in place. Overall, the energy landscape in New Zealand is diverse, with a strong emphasis on renewable energy sources such as hydropower. |
from the original ( PDF ) on 11 June 2011 . Retrieved 2009 - 04 - 16 . Jump up ^ `` Commerce Commission finalises input methodology for approving Transpower 's national grid spending '' . Commerce Commission . 31 January 2012 . Retrieved 24 April 2012 . Jump up ^ Taylor , Peter ( 1990 ) . White Diamonds North : 25 Years ' Operation of the Cook Strait Cable 1965 -- 1990 . Wellington : Transpower . pp. 109 pages . ISBN 0 - 908893 - 00 - 0 . Jump up ^ `` 2012 Annual Planning Report : Chapter 6 -- Grid Backbone '' ( PDF ) . Transpower . March 2012 . Retrieved 5 April 2012 . Jump up ^ https://www.transpower.co.nz/news/new-hvdc-pole-3-commissioned ^ Jump up to : `` Electricity Asset Management Plan 2012 -- 2022 '' ( PDF ) . Vector Limited . April 2012 . Retrieved 8 May 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Why Waiheke Island should have a wind farm ? -- Waiheke Initiative for Sustainable Energy '' . 2011 - 02 - 11 . Jump up ^ `` New Zealand Energy Quarterly , March 2010 '' ( PDF ) . 16 June 2010 . Retrieved 12 May 2014 . Jump up ^ Bennett , Adam ( 3 October 2007 ) . `` Meridian boss hails deal with smelter '' . The New Zealand Herald . Retrieved 29 September 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` Annual Planning Report 2012 '' . Transpower New Zealand Limited . April 2012 . Archived from the original on 4 May 2012 . Retrieved 25 April 2012 . Jump up ^ NZPA / ONE News ( 30 October 2009 ) . `` Forklift sparks blackout for thousands '' . Television New Zealand . Archived from the original on 15 June 2011 . Retrieved 29 September 2011 . Jump up ^ Guinness World Records 2011 . London : Guinness World Records . 2010 . p. 142 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 904994 - 57 - 2 . Further reading ( edit ) Martin , John E , ed. ( 1998 ) . People , Power and Power Stations : Electric Power Generation in New Zealand 1880 -- 1990 ( Second ed . ) . Wellington : Bridget Williams Books Ltd and Electricity Corporation of New Zealand . pp. 356 pages . ISBN 0 - 908912 - 98 - 6 . Reilly , Helen ( 2008 ) . Connecting the Country : New Zealand 's National Grid 1886 -- 2007 . Wellington : Steele Roberts . ISBN 978 - 1 - 877448 - 40 - 9 . External links ( edit ) Energy and Resources ( New Zealand Government , portfolio website ) Electricity Networks Association represents the network companies ( line companies ) ( hide ) Electricity sector in Oceania Sovereign states Australia Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_19 | false | Electricity in New Zealand primarily comes from hydropower. The country has a strong focus on renewable energy sources, with hydropower being the main contributor to the electricity supply. This emphasis on renewable energy aligns with New Zealand's commitment to sustainability and environmental conservation. The electricity sector in New Zealand is an integral part of the country's infrastructure and plays a crucial role in meeting the energy needs of its population. |
Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Associated states of New Zealand Cook Islands Niue Dependencies and other territories American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos ( Keeling ) Islands Easter Island French Polynesia Guam Hawaii New Caledonia Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Pitcairn Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 '' Categories : Electric power in New Zealand Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from February 2011 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Add links This page was last edited on 6 October 2017 , at 18 : 31 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia | [
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 31,
"start_token": 26,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 44,
"start_token": 31,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 56,
"start_token": 44,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 68,
"start_token": 56,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 85,
"start_token": 68,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 101,
"start_token": 85,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 114,
"start_token": 101,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 129,
"start_token": 114,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 144,
"start_token": 129,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 161,
"start_token": 144,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 185,
"start_token": 161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 190,
"start_token": 185,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 204,
"start_token": 190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 218,
"start_token": 204,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 232,
"start_token": 218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 249,
"start_token": 232,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 266,
"start_token": 249,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 266,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 281,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 294,
"start_token": 281,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 310,
"start_token": 294,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 475,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 668,
"start_token": 607,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 743,
"start_token": 668,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 881,
"start_token": 743,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 991,
"start_token": 881,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1092,
"start_token": 991,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1165,
"start_token": 1092,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1230,
"start_token": 1165,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1357,
"start_token": 1230,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1377,
"start_token": 1363,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1750,
"start_token": 1377,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1455,
"start_token": 1378,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1525,
"start_token": 1455,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1563,
"start_token": 1525,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1618,
"start_token": 1563,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1676,
"start_token": 1618,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1749,
"start_token": 1676,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1822,
"start_token": 1765,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 1923,
"start_token": 1822,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2030,
"start_token": 1923,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2138,
"start_token": 2030,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2218,
"start_token": 2171,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2317,
"start_token": 2218,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2338,
"start_token": 2317,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2368,
"start_token": 2338,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2443,
"start_token": 2368,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2583,
"start_token": 2471,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2638,
"start_token": 2583,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3205,
"start_token": 2638,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3204,
"start_token": 2639,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2921,
"start_token": 2641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2683,
"start_token": 2654,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2709,
"start_token": 2683,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2737,
"start_token": 2709,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2762,
"start_token": 2737,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2788,
"start_token": 2762,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2814,
"start_token": 2788,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2842,
"start_token": 2814,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2868,
"start_token": 2842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2920,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3202,
"start_token": 2923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2962,
"start_token": 2933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2988,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3013,
"start_token": 2988,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3038,
"start_token": 3013,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3064,
"start_token": 3038,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3091,
"start_token": 3064,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3121,
"start_token": 3091,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3149,
"start_token": 3121,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3178,
"start_token": 3149,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3201,
"start_token": 3178,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3298,
"start_token": 3234,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3487,
"start_token": 3298,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3611,
"start_token": 3516,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3629,
"start_token": 3611,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3784,
"start_token": 3629,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3874,
"start_token": 3784,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3894,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4142,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4177,
"start_token": 4142,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4253,
"start_token": 4201,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4358,
"start_token": 4253,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4358,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4548,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4581,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4812,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 4965,
"start_token": 4812,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5054,
"start_token": 4965,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5140,
"start_token": 5054,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5216,
"start_token": 5151,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5263,
"start_token": 5220,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5368,
"start_token": 5263,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5514,
"start_token": 5445,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5683,
"start_token": 5514,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5803,
"start_token": 5690,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5839,
"start_token": 5803,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5884,
"start_token": 5839,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 5974,
"start_token": 5884,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6016,
"start_token": 5986,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6062,
"start_token": 6016,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6136,
"start_token": 6062,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6290,
"start_token": 6144,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6409,
"start_token": 6290,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6500,
"start_token": 6425,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6539,
"start_token": 6500,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6546,
"start_token": 6539,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7017,
"start_token": 6546,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 6558,
"start_token": 6547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6572,
"start_token": 6558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6591,
"start_token": 6572,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6600,
"start_token": 6591,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6612,
"start_token": 6600,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6632,
"start_token": 6612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6643,
"start_token": 6632,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6655,
"start_token": 6643,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6665,
"start_token": 6655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6680,
"start_token": 6665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6695,
"start_token": 6680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6714,
"start_token": 6695,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6729,
"start_token": 6714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6739,
"start_token": 6729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6751,
"start_token": 6739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6773,
"start_token": 6751,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6782,
"start_token": 6773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6793,
"start_token": 6782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6805,
"start_token": 6793,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6819,
"start_token": 6805,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6842,
"start_token": 6819,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6902,
"start_token": 6842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6912,
"start_token": 6902,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6923,
"start_token": 6912,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6938,
"start_token": 6923,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6965,
"start_token": 6938,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6977,
"start_token": 6965,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6993,
"start_token": 6977,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7004,
"start_token": 6993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7016,
"start_token": 7004,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7109,
"start_token": 7017,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7208,
"start_token": 7109,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7334,
"start_token": 7208,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7430,
"start_token": 7341,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7677,
"start_token": 7430,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7469,
"start_token": 7431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7507,
"start_token": 7469,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7529,
"start_token": 7507,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7581,
"start_token": 7529,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7636,
"start_token": 7581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7676,
"start_token": 7636,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7733,
"start_token": 7677,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7815,
"start_token": 7746,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7973,
"start_token": 7815,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 7842,
"start_token": 7828,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7857,
"start_token": 7842,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7868,
"start_token": 7857,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7878,
"start_token": 7868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7889,
"start_token": 7878,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7905,
"start_token": 7889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7915,
"start_token": 7905,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7926,
"start_token": 7915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7937,
"start_token": 7926,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7950,
"start_token": 7937,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7961,
"start_token": 7950,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 7972,
"start_token": 7961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 8057,
"start_token": 7973,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8136,
"start_token": 8057,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8223,
"start_token": 8143,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 8324,
"start_token": 8223,
"top_level": true
}
] | where does electricity come from in new zealand | [
{
"annotation_id": 12677364178445984000,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 22,
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 311
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 326,
"start_token": 325
},
{
"end_token": 329,
"start_token": 327
},
{
"end_token": 333,
"start_token": 331
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Electricity_sector_in_New_Zealand&oldid=804097324 | 4,446,484,820,067,709,000 | <P> The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energy sources such as hydropower , geothermal power and increasingly wind energy . 80 % of energy for electricity generation is from renewable sources , making New Zealand one of the lowest carbon dioxide emitting countries in terms of electricity generation . Electricity demand has grown by an average of 2.1 % per year from 1974 to 2010 but decreased by 1.2 % from 2010 to 2013 . </P> | hydropower | 4446484820067709088_20 | false | The electricity sector in New Zealand includes a variety of sources for generating electricity. One of the main sources of electricity in New Zealand is hydropower. This renewable energy source harnesses the power of flowing water to generate electricity. In addition to hydropower, New Zealand also utilizes other sources such as geothermal, wind, and natural gas to meet its electricity needs. The country's diverse energy mix allows for a reliable and sustainable supply of electricity to power homes, businesses, and industries across New Zealand. |
Bigg Boss Telugu 2 - wikipedia Bigg Boss Telugu 2 Bigg Boss Telugu ◄ Season 2 ( 2018 ) Name Entry Exit Amit Day 0 Deepthi Day 0 Deepti Day 0 Ganesh Day 0 Geetha Day 0 Kaushal Day 0 Nutan Day 0 Day 53 Day 14 Pooja Day 43 Roll Day 0 Samrat Day 0 Syamala Day 0 Day 53 Day 28 Tanish Day 0 Babu Day 0 Day 63 Nandini Day 8 Day 56 Tejaswi Day 0 Day 42 Bhanu Day 0 Day 35 Kireeti Day 0 Day 21 Sanjana Day 0 Day 7 Legend Evicted Nominated House Captain Immune Bigg Boss Telugu 2 is the second season of the Telugu - language version of the reality TV show Bigg Boss broadcast in India . The season premiered on June 10 , 2018 on Star Maa . Nani hosts the show . Unlike the first season , this season featured general public along with celebrities as housemates . For this season of Bigg Boss , a lavish house set has been constructed in Annapurna Studios , Jubilee Hills , Hyderabad . Contents 1 Housemates 1.1 Original entrants 1.1. 1 Celebrities 1.1. 2 Commoners 1.2 Wild - Card entrants 2 Guests 3 Voting History 3.1 Notes 4 Weekly summary 5 References 6 External Links Housemates ( edit ) Original entrants ( edit ) Celebrities ( edit ) Geetha Madhuri - Singer Amit Tiwari - Actor Deepti Nallamothu - TV9 Anchor Tanish Alladi - Actor Babu Gogineni - Indian Humanist , Rationalist and Human rights activist Bhanu Sree - Actress Roll Rida - Rapper | [
{
"end_token": 328,
"start_token": 12,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 20,
"start_token": 13,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 30,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 47,
"start_token": 34,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 60,
"start_token": 47,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 73,
"start_token": 60,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 73,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 99,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 112,
"start_token": 99,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 125,
"start_token": 112,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 125,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 155,
"start_token": 142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 168,
"start_token": 155,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 181,
"start_token": 168,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 198,
"start_token": 181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 198,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 226,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 241,
"start_token": 226,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 256,
"start_token": 241,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 256,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 286,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 301,
"start_token": 286,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 306,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 306,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 316,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 322,
"start_token": 316,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 327,
"start_token": 322,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 372,
"start_token": 328,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 372,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 589,
"start_token": 496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 503,
"start_token": 497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 509,
"start_token": 503,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 516,
"start_token": 509,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 522,
"start_token": 516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 535,
"start_token": 522,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 541,
"start_token": 535,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 547,
"start_token": 541,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 552,
"start_token": 547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 558,
"start_token": 552,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 568,
"start_token": 558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 574,
"start_token": 568,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 580,
"start_token": 574,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 588,
"start_token": 580,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 630,
"start_token": 593,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 603,
"start_token": 594,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 619,
"start_token": 603,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 629,
"start_token": 619,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 665,
"start_token": 639,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 656,
"start_token": 640,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 664,
"start_token": 656,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 801,
"start_token": 671,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 689,
"start_token": 672,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 712,
"start_token": 689,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 736,
"start_token": 712,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 757,
"start_token": 736,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 773,
"start_token": 757,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 800,
"start_token": 773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2061,
"start_token": 808,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 873,
"start_token": 809,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 883,
"start_token": 873,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 930,
"start_token": 883,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 989,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1025,
"start_token": 993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1088,
"start_token": 1029,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1142,
"start_token": 1088,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1195,
"start_token": 1142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1250,
"start_token": 1195,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1304,
"start_token": 1250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1358,
"start_token": 1304,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1358,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1431,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1486,
"start_token": 1431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1541,
"start_token": 1486,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1590,
"start_token": 1541,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1645,
"start_token": 1590,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1693,
"start_token": 1645,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1740,
"start_token": 1693,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1775,
"start_token": 1740,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1808,
"start_token": 1775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1831,
"start_token": 1808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1847,
"start_token": 1831,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1913,
"start_token": 1851,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2007,
"start_token": 1913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2054,
"start_token": 2007,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2060,
"start_token": 2054,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2123,
"start_token": 2067,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2075,
"start_token": 2068,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2093,
"start_token": 2075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2105,
"start_token": 2093,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2105,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2595,
"start_token": 2123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2136,
"start_token": 2124,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2160,
"start_token": 2136,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2181,
"start_token": 2160,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2196,
"start_token": 2181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2209,
"start_token": 2196,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2261,
"start_token": 2209,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2310,
"start_token": 2261,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2360,
"start_token": 2310,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2386,
"start_token": 2360,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2419,
"start_token": 2386,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2460,
"start_token": 2419,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2491,
"start_token": 2460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2514,
"start_token": 2491,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2538,
"start_token": 2514,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2557,
"start_token": 2538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2594,
"start_token": 2557,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6302,
"start_token": 2602,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2670,
"start_token": 2603,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2668,
"start_token": 2611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2667,
"start_token": 2612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2680,
"start_token": 2670,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2782,
"start_token": 2680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2925,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2923,
"start_token": 2903,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2913,
"start_token": 2904,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2922,
"start_token": 2913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2956,
"start_token": 2925,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2954,
"start_token": 2930,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2975,
"start_token": 2956,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2973,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2972,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3003,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3001,
"start_token": 2983,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3000,
"start_token": 2984,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3024,
"start_token": 3003,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3022,
"start_token": 3009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3021,
"start_token": 3010,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3142,
"start_token": 3024,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3140,
"start_token": 3132,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3531,
"start_token": 3142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3224,
"start_token": 3218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3312,
"start_token": 3224,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3318,
"start_token": 3312,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3471,
"start_token": 3318,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3477,
"start_token": 3471,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3542,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3566,
"start_token": 3542,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3564,
"start_token": 3548,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3556,
"start_token": 3549,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3563,
"start_token": 3556,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3593,
"start_token": 3566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3591,
"start_token": 3571,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3610,
"start_token": 3593,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3608,
"start_token": 3598,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3607,
"start_token": 3599,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3627,
"start_token": 3610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3625,
"start_token": 3619,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3682,
"start_token": 3627,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3647,
"start_token": 3634,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3680,
"start_token": 3647,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3682,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3791,
"start_token": 3694,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3797,
"start_token": 3791,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3868,
"start_token": 3797,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3915,
"start_token": 3868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3914,
"start_token": 3869,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3996,
"start_token": 3915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4009,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4027,
"start_token": 4009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4025,
"start_token": 4015,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4055,
"start_token": 4027,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4053,
"start_token": 4032,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4073,
"start_token": 4055,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4071,
"start_token": 4060,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4070,
"start_token": 4061,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4090,
"start_token": 4073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4088,
"start_token": 4082,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4103,
"start_token": 4090,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4101,
"start_token": 4096,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4250,
"start_token": 4103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4248,
"start_token": 4168,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4190,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4247,
"start_token": 4190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4302,
"start_token": 4250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4300,
"start_token": 4256,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4299,
"start_token": 4257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4324,
"start_token": 4302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4322,
"start_token": 4307,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4336,
"start_token": 4324,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4334,
"start_token": 4329,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4353,
"start_token": 4336,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4351,
"start_token": 4346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4435,
"start_token": 4353,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4372,
"start_token": 4362,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4433,
"start_token": 4372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4630,
"start_token": 4435,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4461,
"start_token": 4444,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4511,
"start_token": 4461,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4462,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4510,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4628,
"start_token": 4511,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4641,
"start_token": 4630,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4653,
"start_token": 4647,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4675,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4673,
"start_token": 4660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4688,
"start_token": 4675,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4686,
"start_token": 4680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4706,
"start_token": 4688,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4704,
"start_token": 4698,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4729,
"start_token": 4706,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4726,
"start_token": 4715,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4889,
"start_token": 4729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4887,
"start_token": 4739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4898,
"start_token": 4889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4928,
"start_token": 4898,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4926,
"start_token": 4903,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4910,
"start_token": 4904,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4945,
"start_token": 4928,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4943,
"start_token": 4933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4942,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4973,
"start_token": 4945,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4971,
"start_token": 4954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4970,
"start_token": 4955,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4986,
"start_token": 4973,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4984,
"start_token": 4979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5043,
"start_token": 4986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5041,
"start_token": 4995,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5011,
"start_token": 4996,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5040,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5243,
"start_token": 5043,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5241,
"start_token": 5215,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5252,
"start_token": 5243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5282,
"start_token": 5252,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5280,
"start_token": 5257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5318,
"start_token": 5282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5316,
"start_token": 5287,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5315,
"start_token": 5288,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5318,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5344,
"start_token": 5327,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5343,
"start_token": 5328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5360,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5352,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5360,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5383,
"start_token": 5369,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5370,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5430,
"start_token": 5383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5447,
"start_token": 5430,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5446,
"start_token": 5431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5581,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5579,
"start_token": 5561,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5610,
"start_token": 5581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5608,
"start_token": 5587,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5607,
"start_token": 5592,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5635,
"start_token": 5610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5633,
"start_token": 5615,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5653,
"start_token": 5635,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5651,
"start_token": 5640,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5650,
"start_token": 5641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5659,
"start_token": 5653,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5673,
"start_token": 5659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5671,
"start_token": 5665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5747,
"start_token": 5673,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6161,
"start_token": 5747,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6159,
"start_token": 6139,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6170,
"start_token": 6161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6200,
"start_token": 6170,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6198,
"start_token": 6175,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6218,
"start_token": 6200,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6216,
"start_token": 6205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6215,
"start_token": 6206,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6224,
"start_token": 6218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6237,
"start_token": 6224,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6235,
"start_token": 6230,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6250,
"start_token": 6237,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6248,
"start_token": 6243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6264,
"start_token": 6250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6262,
"start_token": 6257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6277,
"start_token": 6264,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6275,
"start_token": 6270,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6289,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6287,
"start_token": 6282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6301,
"start_token": 6289,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6299,
"start_token": 6294,
"top_level": false
}
] | who is eliminated in telugu big boss 2 | [
{
"annotation_id": 3882916759709563400,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 58,
"end_token": 2061,
"start_token": 808
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 2013,
"start_token": 2012
},
{
"end_token": 2016,
"start_token": 2015
},
{
"end_token": 2019,
"start_token": 2018
},
{
"end_token": 2022,
"start_token": 2021
},
{
"end_token": 2025,
"start_token": 2024
},
{
"end_token": 2028,
"start_token": 2027
},
{
"end_token": 2035,
"start_token": 2034
},
{
"end_token": 2038,
"start_token": 2037
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Bigg_Boss_Telugu_2&oldid=854772510 | 7,913,446,084,780,658,000 | <Table> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Th> Week 1 </Th> <Th> Week 2 </Th> <Th> Week 3 </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Week 4 </Th> <Th> Week 5 </Th> <Th> Week 6 </Th> <Th> Week 7 </Th> <Th> Week 8 </Th> <Th> Week 9 </Th> <Th> Week 10 </Th> <Th> Week 11 </Th> <Th> Week 12 </Th> <Th> Week 13 </Th> <Th> Week 14 </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Week 15 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Day 22 </Th> <Th> Day 28 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> House Captain </Th> <Td> No Captain </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Pooja </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Captain 's Nomination </Th> <Td> Deepthi ( to evict ) </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Refused to save Deepti </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal Amit </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Vote to : </Th> <Th_colspan="4"> Evict </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Save </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Evict </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> None </Th> <Th> Save </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Amit </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Refused to save Bhanu </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal Babu </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Immune </Td> <Td> Samrat Syamala Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deepthi </Th> <Td> Amit Geetha </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> Syamala </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Amit Roll </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Deepthi </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deepti </Th> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Bhanu </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> Deepthi </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Geetha </Th> <Td> Tejaswi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Ganesh Tanish </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Ganesh Babu </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ganesh </Th> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Kireeti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Nandini Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kaushal </Th> <Td> Kireeti Deepthi </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Kireeti Bhanu </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Babu Nandini </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nutan </Th> <Td> Sanjana Kireeti </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td_colspan="6"> Evicted ( Day 14 ) </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not Eligible </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Pooja </Th> <Td_colspan="7"> Not in House </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Pooja </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Roll </Th> <Td> Sanjana Nutan </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Samrat </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Syamala </Th> <Td> Kireeti Tanish </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Kireeti Ganesh </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td_colspan="3"> Evicted ( Day 28 ) </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not Eligible </Td> <Td> Syamala </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tanish </Th> <Td> Kaushal Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Babu </Th> <Td> Sanjana Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Amit Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td_colspan="8"> Evicted ( Day 63 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nandini </Th> <Td> Not in House </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Kireeti Bhanu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> Tried to save Deepti </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Kaushal Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td_colspan="9"> Evicted ( Day 56 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tejaswi </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Deepti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td_colspan="10"> Evicted ( Day 42 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Bhanu </Th> <Td> Kireeti Tanish </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Kaushal Kireeti </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td_colspan="11"> Evicted ( Day 35 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kireeti </Th> <Td> Deepthi Nutan </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td_colspan="14"> Evicted ( Day 21 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sanjana </Th> <Td> Roll Tejaswi </Td> <Td_colspan="16"> Evicted ( Day 7 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Notes </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 , 2 , 3 </Td> <Td> 4 , 5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 7 , 8 , 9 </Td> <Td> 10 , 11 </Td> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> 13 , 14 </Td> <Td> 15 , 16 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nominated </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh Kireeti Kaushal Nutan Sanjana </Td> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh Nutan Kaushal Babu </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti Bhanu Geetha Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Kaushal Ganesh Syamala Nandini Deepti Babu Geetha </Td> <Td> Syamala Nandini Deepti </Td> <Td> Deepti Ganesh Bhanu </Td> <Td> Amit Deepti Roll Samrat Tejaswi Tanish </Td> <Td> Kaushal Babu Ganesh Amit Deepthi Nandini </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh Nandini Kaushal Deepti </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh Geetha Syamala Deepti Tanish </Td> <Td> Pooja Geetha Roll Deepthi </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Evicted </Th> <Td> Sanjana </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Kireeti </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> Syamala </Td> <Td> Bhanu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> No Eviction </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> | Sanjana | 7913446084780657458_1 | true | Bigg Boss Telugu 2 is the second season of the Telugu-language version of the reality TV show Bigg Boss broadcast in India. The season premiered on June 10, 2018, on Star Maa, with Nani as the host. Unlike the first season, this season featured both celebrities and members of the general public as housemates. The show was filmed in a lavish house set constructed in Annapurna Studios, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad.
The original entrants of the show included both celebrities and commoners. The celebrities who entered the house at the beginning of the season were Geetha Madhuri, a singer; Amit Tiwari, an actor; Deepti Nallamothu, a TV9 anchor; Tanish Alladi, an actor; Babu Gogineni, an Indian humanist, rationalist, and human rights activist; Bhanu Sree, an actress; and Roll Rida, a rapper.
Throughout the season, there were also wild-card entrants who joined the original housemates. The show also featured guests and had a voting history that determined the fate of the housemates.
One of the housemates, Sanjana, was eliminated from the show after spending 7 days in the Bigg Boss house. |
and Human rights activist Bhanu Sree - Actress Roll Rida - Rapper Syamala - Anchor Kireeti Damaraju - Actor Deepthi Sunaina - Social Media Star & Actress Kaushal Manda - Actor Tejaswi Madivada - Actress Samrat Reddy - Actor & Cricketer Commoners ( edit ) Ganesh - Radio Jockey , Vijayawada . Sanjana Anne - Model , Miss Hyderabad , Miss India Participant , Vijayawada . Nutan Naidu - Social Activist , Visakhapatnam . Wild - Card entrants ( edit ) Nandini Rai - Model , Winner of Miss Andhrapradesh title of 2010 and Actress Pooja Ramachandran - Model and Actress Guests ( edit ) Week ( s ) Guest ( s ) Notes Week 2 Srinivas Reddy and Vennela Kishore To promote the film Jamba Lakidi Pamba . Week 4 Sai Dharam Tej and Anupama Parameswaran To promote the film Tej I Love You Week 6 Pradeep Machiraju To inform about his new show - Pelli Choopulu Lakshmi Manchu To promote the film W / O Ram Week 8 Kamal Haasan , Pooja Kumar , Ghibran , and Shamdat Sainudeen To promote the film Vishwaroopam II Voting history ( edit ) Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Week 13 Week 14 Week 15 Day 22 Day 28 House Captain No Captain Samrat Amit Roll Kaushal Geetha Tanish Geetha Pooja Tanish Captain 's Nomination Deepthi ( to evict ) Ganesh Geetha Ganesh Not eligible Refused to save Deepti Not eligible Kaushal Amit Not eligible Not eligible Vote to : Evict Save Evict None Save Amit Deepthi Ganesh Kaushal House Captain Kaushal Not eligible Refused to save Bhanu Not | [
{
"end_token": 328,
"start_token": 12,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 20,
"start_token": 13,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 30,
"start_token": 20,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 47,
"start_token": 34,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 60,
"start_token": 47,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 73,
"start_token": 60,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 86,
"start_token": 73,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 99,
"start_token": 86,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 112,
"start_token": 99,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 125,
"start_token": 112,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 142,
"start_token": 125,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 155,
"start_token": 142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 168,
"start_token": 155,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 181,
"start_token": 168,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 198,
"start_token": 181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 211,
"start_token": 198,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 226,
"start_token": 211,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 241,
"start_token": 226,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 256,
"start_token": 241,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 271,
"start_token": 256,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 286,
"start_token": 271,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 301,
"start_token": 286,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 306,
"start_token": 301,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 311,
"start_token": 306,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 316,
"start_token": 311,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 322,
"start_token": 316,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 327,
"start_token": 322,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 372,
"start_token": 328,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 390,
"start_token": 372,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 415,
"start_token": 390,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 589,
"start_token": 496,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 503,
"start_token": 497,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 509,
"start_token": 503,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 516,
"start_token": 509,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 522,
"start_token": 516,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 535,
"start_token": 522,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 541,
"start_token": 535,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 547,
"start_token": 541,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 552,
"start_token": 547,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 558,
"start_token": 552,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 568,
"start_token": 558,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 574,
"start_token": 568,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 580,
"start_token": 574,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 588,
"start_token": 580,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 630,
"start_token": 593,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 603,
"start_token": 594,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 619,
"start_token": 603,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 629,
"start_token": 619,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 665,
"start_token": 639,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 656,
"start_token": 640,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 664,
"start_token": 656,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 801,
"start_token": 671,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 689,
"start_token": 672,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 712,
"start_token": 689,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 736,
"start_token": 712,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 757,
"start_token": 736,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 773,
"start_token": 757,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 800,
"start_token": 773,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2061,
"start_token": 808,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 873,
"start_token": 809,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 883,
"start_token": 873,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 930,
"start_token": 883,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 989,
"start_token": 930,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1025,
"start_token": 993,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1088,
"start_token": 1029,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1142,
"start_token": 1088,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1195,
"start_token": 1142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1250,
"start_token": 1195,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1304,
"start_token": 1250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1358,
"start_token": 1304,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1397,
"start_token": 1358,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1431,
"start_token": 1397,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1486,
"start_token": 1431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1541,
"start_token": 1486,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1590,
"start_token": 1541,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1645,
"start_token": 1590,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1693,
"start_token": 1645,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1740,
"start_token": 1693,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1775,
"start_token": 1740,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1808,
"start_token": 1775,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1831,
"start_token": 1808,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1847,
"start_token": 1831,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 1913,
"start_token": 1851,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2007,
"start_token": 1913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2054,
"start_token": 2007,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2060,
"start_token": 2054,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2123,
"start_token": 2067,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2075,
"start_token": 2068,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2093,
"start_token": 2075,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2105,
"start_token": 2093,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2122,
"start_token": 2105,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2595,
"start_token": 2123,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2136,
"start_token": 2124,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2160,
"start_token": 2136,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2181,
"start_token": 2160,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2196,
"start_token": 2181,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2209,
"start_token": 2196,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2261,
"start_token": 2209,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2310,
"start_token": 2261,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2360,
"start_token": 2310,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2386,
"start_token": 2360,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2419,
"start_token": 2386,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2460,
"start_token": 2419,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2491,
"start_token": 2460,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2514,
"start_token": 2491,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2538,
"start_token": 2514,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2557,
"start_token": 2538,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2594,
"start_token": 2557,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6302,
"start_token": 2602,
"top_level": true
},
{
"end_token": 2670,
"start_token": 2603,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2668,
"start_token": 2611,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2667,
"start_token": 2612,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2680,
"start_token": 2670,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2782,
"start_token": 2680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2897,
"start_token": 2782,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2925,
"start_token": 2897,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2923,
"start_token": 2903,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2913,
"start_token": 2904,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2922,
"start_token": 2913,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2956,
"start_token": 2925,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2954,
"start_token": 2930,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2975,
"start_token": 2956,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2973,
"start_token": 2961,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 2972,
"start_token": 2962,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3003,
"start_token": 2975,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3001,
"start_token": 2983,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3000,
"start_token": 2984,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3024,
"start_token": 3003,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3022,
"start_token": 3009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3021,
"start_token": 3010,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3142,
"start_token": 3024,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3140,
"start_token": 3132,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3531,
"start_token": 3142,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3224,
"start_token": 3218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3312,
"start_token": 3224,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3318,
"start_token": 3312,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3471,
"start_token": 3318,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3477,
"start_token": 3471,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3542,
"start_token": 3531,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3566,
"start_token": 3542,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3564,
"start_token": 3548,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3556,
"start_token": 3549,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3563,
"start_token": 3556,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3593,
"start_token": 3566,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3591,
"start_token": 3571,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3610,
"start_token": 3593,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3608,
"start_token": 3598,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3607,
"start_token": 3599,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3627,
"start_token": 3610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3625,
"start_token": 3619,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3682,
"start_token": 3627,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3647,
"start_token": 3634,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3680,
"start_token": 3647,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3998,
"start_token": 3682,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3791,
"start_token": 3694,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3797,
"start_token": 3791,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3868,
"start_token": 3797,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3915,
"start_token": 3868,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3914,
"start_token": 3869,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 3996,
"start_token": 3915,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4009,
"start_token": 3998,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4027,
"start_token": 4009,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4025,
"start_token": 4015,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4055,
"start_token": 4027,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4053,
"start_token": 4032,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4073,
"start_token": 4055,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4071,
"start_token": 4060,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4070,
"start_token": 4061,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4090,
"start_token": 4073,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4088,
"start_token": 4082,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4103,
"start_token": 4090,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4101,
"start_token": 4096,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4250,
"start_token": 4103,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4248,
"start_token": 4168,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4180,
"start_token": 4169,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4190,
"start_token": 4180,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4247,
"start_token": 4190,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4302,
"start_token": 4250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4300,
"start_token": 4256,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4299,
"start_token": 4257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4324,
"start_token": 4302,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4322,
"start_token": 4307,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4336,
"start_token": 4324,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4334,
"start_token": 4329,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4353,
"start_token": 4336,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4351,
"start_token": 4346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4435,
"start_token": 4353,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4372,
"start_token": 4362,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4433,
"start_token": 4372,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4630,
"start_token": 4435,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4461,
"start_token": 4444,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4511,
"start_token": 4461,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4487,
"start_token": 4462,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4510,
"start_token": 4487,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4628,
"start_token": 4511,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4641,
"start_token": 4630,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4655,
"start_token": 4641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4653,
"start_token": 4647,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4675,
"start_token": 4655,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4673,
"start_token": 4660,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4688,
"start_token": 4675,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4686,
"start_token": 4680,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4706,
"start_token": 4688,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4704,
"start_token": 4698,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4729,
"start_token": 4706,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4727,
"start_token": 4714,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4726,
"start_token": 4715,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4889,
"start_token": 4729,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4887,
"start_token": 4739,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4898,
"start_token": 4889,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4928,
"start_token": 4898,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4926,
"start_token": 4903,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4910,
"start_token": 4904,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4945,
"start_token": 4928,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4943,
"start_token": 4933,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4942,
"start_token": 4934,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4973,
"start_token": 4945,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4971,
"start_token": 4954,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4970,
"start_token": 4955,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4986,
"start_token": 4973,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 4984,
"start_token": 4979,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5043,
"start_token": 4986,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5041,
"start_token": 4995,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5011,
"start_token": 4996,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5040,
"start_token": 5011,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5243,
"start_token": 5043,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5241,
"start_token": 5215,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5252,
"start_token": 5243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5282,
"start_token": 5252,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5280,
"start_token": 5257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5318,
"start_token": 5282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5316,
"start_token": 5287,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5315,
"start_token": 5288,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5346,
"start_token": 5318,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5344,
"start_token": 5327,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5343,
"start_token": 5328,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5360,
"start_token": 5346,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5358,
"start_token": 5352,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5449,
"start_token": 5360,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5383,
"start_token": 5369,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5382,
"start_token": 5370,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5430,
"start_token": 5383,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5447,
"start_token": 5430,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5446,
"start_token": 5431,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5581,
"start_token": 5449,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5579,
"start_token": 5561,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5610,
"start_token": 5581,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5608,
"start_token": 5587,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5607,
"start_token": 5592,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5635,
"start_token": 5610,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5633,
"start_token": 5615,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5653,
"start_token": 5635,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5651,
"start_token": 5640,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5650,
"start_token": 5641,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5659,
"start_token": 5653,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5673,
"start_token": 5659,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5671,
"start_token": 5665,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 5747,
"start_token": 5673,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6161,
"start_token": 5747,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6159,
"start_token": 6139,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6170,
"start_token": 6161,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6200,
"start_token": 6170,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6198,
"start_token": 6175,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6218,
"start_token": 6200,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6216,
"start_token": 6205,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6215,
"start_token": 6206,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6224,
"start_token": 6218,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6237,
"start_token": 6224,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6235,
"start_token": 6230,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6250,
"start_token": 6237,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6248,
"start_token": 6243,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6264,
"start_token": 6250,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6262,
"start_token": 6257,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6277,
"start_token": 6264,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6275,
"start_token": 6270,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6289,
"start_token": 6277,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6287,
"start_token": 6282,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6301,
"start_token": 6289,
"top_level": false
},
{
"end_token": 6299,
"start_token": 6294,
"top_level": false
}
] | who is eliminated in telugu big boss 2 | [
{
"annotation_id": 3882916759709563400,
"long_answer": {
"candidate_index": 58,
"end_token": 2061,
"start_token": 808
},
"short_answers": [
{
"end_token": 2013,
"start_token": 2012
},
{
"end_token": 2016,
"start_token": 2015
},
{
"end_token": 2019,
"start_token": 2018
},
{
"end_token": 2022,
"start_token": 2021
},
{
"end_token": 2025,
"start_token": 2024
},
{
"end_token": 2028,
"start_token": 2027
},
{
"end_token": 2035,
"start_token": 2034
},
{
"end_token": 2038,
"start_token": 2037
}
],
"yes_no_answer": "NONE"
}
] | https://en.wikipedia.org//w/index.php?title=Bigg_Boss_Telugu_2&oldid=854772510 | 7,913,446,084,780,658,000 | <Table> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Th> Week 1 </Th> <Th> Week 2 </Th> <Th> Week 3 </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Week 4 </Th> <Th> Week 5 </Th> <Th> Week 6 </Th> <Th> Week 7 </Th> <Th> Week 8 </Th> <Th> Week 9 </Th> <Th> Week 10 </Th> <Th> Week 11 </Th> <Th> Week 12 </Th> <Th> Week 13 </Th> <Th> Week 14 </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Week 15 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Day 22 </Th> <Th> Day 28 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> House Captain </Th> <Td> No Captain </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Pooja </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Captain 's Nomination </Th> <Td> Deepthi ( to evict ) </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Refused to save Deepti </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal Amit </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Vote to : </Th> <Th_colspan="4"> Evict </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Save </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Evict </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> None </Th> <Th> Save </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Amit </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Refused to save Bhanu </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal Babu </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Immune </Td> <Td> Samrat Syamala Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deepthi </Th> <Td> Amit Geetha </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> Syamala </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> Amit Roll </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Deepthi </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deepti </Th> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Bhanu </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> Deepthi </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Geetha </Th> <Td> Tejaswi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Ganesh Tanish </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Ganesh Babu </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ganesh </Th> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Kireeti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Nandini Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kaushal </Th> <Td> Kireeti Deepthi </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Kireeti Bhanu </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Babu Nandini </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nutan </Th> <Td> Sanjana Kireeti </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td_colspan="6"> Evicted ( Day 14 ) </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not Eligible </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Pooja </Th> <Td_colspan="7"> Not in House </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Pooja </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Roll </Th> <Td> Sanjana Nutan </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Amit </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Samrat </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Deepthi Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Syamala </Th> <Td> Kireeti Tanish </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Kireeti Ganesh </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td_colspan="3"> Evicted ( Day 28 ) </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Not Eligible </Td> <Td> Syamala </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tanish </Th> <Td> Kaushal Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Samrat </Td> <Td> Tanish </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> House Captain </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Babu </Th> <Td> Sanjana Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Ganesh </Td> <Td> Roll </Td> <Td> Amit Kaushal </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td_colspan="8"> Evicted ( Day 63 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nandini </Th> <Td> Not in House </Td> <Td> Exempt </Td> <Td> Kireeti Bhanu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> Tried to save Deepti </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Kaushal Ganesh </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td_colspan="9"> Evicted ( Day 56 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tejaswi </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Ganesh Deepti </Td> <Td> Kaushal </Td> <Td> Deepti </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td_colspan="10"> Evicted ( Day 42 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Bhanu </Th> <Td> Kireeti Tanish </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> Kaushal Kireeti </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> Not eligible </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td_colspan="11"> Evicted ( Day 35 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kireeti </Th> <Td> Deepthi Nutan </Td> <Td> Geetha </Td> <Td> Ganesh Geetha </Td> <Td_colspan="14"> Evicted ( Day 21 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Sanjana </Th> <Td> Roll Tejaswi </Td> <Td_colspan="16"> Evicted ( Day 7 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="18"> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Notes </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 , 2 , 3 </Td> <Td> 4 , 5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 7 , 8 , 9 </Td> <Td> 10 , 11 </Td> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> 13 , 14 </Td> <Td> 15 , 16 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nominated </Th> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh Kireeti Kaushal Nutan Sanjana </Td> <Td> Deepthi Ganesh Nutan Kaushal Babu </Td> <Td> Ganesh Kireeti Bhanu Geetha Tejaswi </Td> <Td> Tejaswi Kaushal Ganesh Syamala Nandini Deepti Babu Geetha </Td> <Td> Syamala Nandini Deepti </Td> <Td> Deepti Ganesh Bhanu </Td> <Td> Amit Deepti Roll Samrat Tejaswi Tanish </Td> <Td> Kaushal Babu Ganesh Amit Deepthi Nandini </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh Nandini Kaushal Deepti </Td> <Td> Babu Ganesh Geetha Syamala Deepti Tanish </Td> <Td> Pooja Geetha Roll Deepthi </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Evicted </Th> <Td> Sanjana </Td> <Td> Nutan </Td> <Td> Kireeti </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> Syamala </Td> <Td> Bhanu </Td> <Td> Tejaswi </Td> <Td> No Eviction </Td> <Td> Nandini </Td> <Td> Babu </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> | Sanjana | 7913446084780657458_2 | true | In the Telugu Big Boss 2, Sanjana Anne, a model, Miss Hyderabad, and Miss India participant from Vijayawada, was eliminated from the show. This occurred during the voting history of the show, and she was not able to secure enough votes to remain in the competition. |
Subsets and Splits