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hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_data_collator.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import shutil
import tempfile
import unittest
import numpy as np
from transformers import (
BertTokenizer,
DataCollatorForLanguageModeling,
DataCollatorForPermutationLanguageModeling,
DataCollatorForTokenClassification,
DataCollatorForWholeWordMask,
DataCollatorWithPadding,
default_data_collator,
is_tf_available,
is_torch_available,
set_seed,
)
from transformers.testing_utils import require_tf, require_torch
if is_torch_available():
import torch
if is_tf_available():
import tensorflow as tf
@require_torch
class DataCollatorIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
vocab_tokens = ["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"]
self.vocab_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdirname, "vocab.txt")
with open(self.vocab_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as vocab_writer:
vocab_writer.write("".join([x + "\n" for x in vocab_tokens]))
def tearDown(self):
shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
def test_default_with_dict(self):
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertTrue(batch["labels"].equal(torch.tensor(list(range(8)))))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 6]))
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": [0, 1, 2], "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertTrue(batch["labels"].equal(torch.tensor([[0, 1, 2]] * 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 6]))
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertTrue(batch["labels"].equal(torch.tensor(list(range(8)))))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 10]))
# Labels can already be tensors
features = [{"label": torch.tensor(i), "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
self.assertTrue(batch["labels"].equal(torch.tensor(list(range(8)))))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 10]))
def test_default_classification_and_regression(self):
data_collator = default_data_collator
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": i} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.long)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": float(i)} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, torch.float)
def test_default_with_no_labels(self):
features = [{"label": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 6]))
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features)
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, torch.Size([8, 6]))
def test_data_collator_with_padding(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2]}, {"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}]
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 10]))
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 8]))
def test_data_collator_for_token_classification(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2], "labels": [0, 1, 2]},
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "labels": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]},
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-100] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 10]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 10]))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 8]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 8]))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, label_pad_token_id=-1)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-1] * 3)
for feature in features:
feature.pop("labels")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
def test_data_collator_for_token_classification_works_with_pt_tensors(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2]), "labels": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2])},
{"input_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]), "labels": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])},
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-100] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 10]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 10]))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 8]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 8]))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, label_pad_token_id=-1)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-1] * 3)
for feature in features:
feature.pop("labels")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size([2, 6]))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
def _test_no_pad_and_pad(self, no_pad_features, pad_features):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
tokenizer._pad_token = None
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False)
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to padding token missing
data_collator(pad_features)
set_seed(42) # For reproducibility
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(torch.any(masked_tokens))
self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(torch.any(masked_tokens))
self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(torch.any(masked_tokens))
self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 16)))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(torch.any(masked_tokens))
self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
def test_data_collator_for_language_modeling(self):
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
no_pad_features = [list(range(10)), list(range(10))]
pad_features = [list(range(5)), list(range(10))]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
def test_data_collator_for_whole_word_mask(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForWholeWordMask(tokenizer, return_tensors="pt")
features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"input_ids": np.arange(10)}, {"input_ids": np.arange(10)}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
def test_plm(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
data_collator = DataCollatorForPermutationLanguageModeling(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10, 10)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 10)))
example = [np.random.randint(0, 5, [5])]
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to odd sequence length
data_collator(example)
def test_nsp(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "token_type_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "next_sentence_label": i}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape, torch.Size((2,)))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape, torch.Size((2,)))
def test_sop(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{
"input_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"token_type_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"sentence_order_label": i,
}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 5)))
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape, torch.Size((2,)))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, torch.Size((2, 8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape, torch.Size((2,)))
@require_tf
class TFDataCollatorIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
self.tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
vocab_tokens = ["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"]
self.vocab_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdirname, "vocab.txt")
with open(self.vocab_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as vocab_writer:
vocab_writer.write("".join([x + "\n" for x in vocab_tokens]))
def tearDown(self):
shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
def test_default_with_dict(self):
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].numpy().tolist(), list(range(8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 6])
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": [0, 1, 2], "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].numpy().tolist(), ([[0, 1, 2]] * 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 6])
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].numpy().tolist(), (list(range(8))))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 10])
# Labels can already be tensors
features = [{"label": np.array(i), "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].numpy().tolist(), list(range(8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 10])
def test_numpy_dtype_preservation(self):
data_collator = default_data_collator
# Confirms that numpy inputs are handled correctly even when scalars
features = [{"input_ids": np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), "label": np.int64(i)} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
def test_default_classification_and_regression(self):
data_collator = default_data_collator
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": i} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.int64)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": float(i)} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, tf.float32)
def test_default_with_no_labels(self):
features = [{"label": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 6])
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape.as_list(), [8, 6])
def test_data_collator_with_padding(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2]}, {"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}]
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 6])
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].numpy().tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, [2, 8])
def test_data_collator_for_token_classification(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2], "labels": [0, 1, 2]},
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "labels": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]},
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 6])
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].numpy().tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 6])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].numpy().tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-100] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(
tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10, return_tensors="tf"
)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, label_pad_token_id=-1, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 6])
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].numpy().tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 6])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].numpy().tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-1] * 3)
def _test_no_pad_and_pad(self, no_pad_features, pad_features):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(
tokenizer, mlm=False, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf"
)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
tokenizer._pad_token = None
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="tf")
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to padding token missing
data_collator(pad_features)
set_seed(42) # For reproducibility
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(tf.reduce_any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"].numpy()[~masked_tokens.numpy()].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(tf.reduce_any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"].numpy()[~masked_tokens.numpy()].tolist()))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(tf.reduce_any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"].numpy()[~masked_tokens.numpy()].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 16])
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(tf.reduce_any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"].numpy()[~masked_tokens.numpy()].tolist()))
def test_data_collator_for_language_modeling(self):
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
no_pad_features = [list(range(10)), list(range(10))]
pad_features = [list(range(5)), list(range(10))]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
def test_data_collator_for_whole_word_mask(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForWholeWordMask(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"input_ids": np.arange(10)}, {"input_ids": np.arange(10)}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
def test_plm(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
data_collator = DataCollatorForPermutationLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10, 10])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 10])
example = [np.random.randint(0, 5, [5])]
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to odd sequence length
data_collator(example)
def test_nsp(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "token_type_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "next_sentence_label": i}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape.as_list(), [2])
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape.as_list(), [2])
def test_sop(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{
"input_ids": tf.convert_to_tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"token_type_ids": tf.convert_to_tensor([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"sentence_order_label": i,
}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 5])
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape.as_list(), [2])
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="tf")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape.as_list(), [2, 8])
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape.as_list(), [2])
class NumpyDataCollatorIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
vocab_tokens = ["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"]
self.vocab_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdirname, "vocab.txt")
with open(self.vocab_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as vocab_writer:
vocab_writer.write("".join([x + "\n" for x in vocab_tokens]))
def tearDown(self):
shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
def test_default_with_dict(self):
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].tolist(), list(range(8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 6))
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": [0, 1, 2], "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].tolist(), [[0, 1, 2]] * 8)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 6))
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"label": i, "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].tolist(), list(range(8)))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 10))
# Labels can already be tensors
features = [{"label": np.array(i), "inputs": np.random.randint(0, 10, [10])} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].tolist(), (list(range(8))))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 10))
def test_default_classification_and_regression(self):
data_collator = default_data_collator
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": i} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.int64)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "label": float(i)} for i in range(4)]
batch = data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].dtype, np.float32)
def test_default_with_no_labels(self):
features = [{"label": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 6))
# With label_ids
features = [{"label_ids": None, "inputs": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]} for i in range(8)]
batch = default_data_collator(features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertTrue("labels" not in batch)
self.assertEqual(batch["inputs"].shape, (8, 6))
def test_data_collator_with_padding(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2]}, {"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}]
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 6))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
def test_data_collator_for_token_classification(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2], "labels": [0, 1, 2]},
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "labels": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]},
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 6))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 6))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-100] * 3)
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(
tokenizer, padding="max_length", max_length=10, return_tensors="np"
)
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 8))
data_collator = DataCollatorForTokenClassification(tokenizer, label_pad_token_id=-1, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 6))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [tokenizer.pad_token_id] * 3)
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 6))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"][0].tolist(), [0, 1, 2] + [-1] * 3)
def _test_no_pad_and_pad(self, no_pad_features, pad_features):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
batch = data_collator(pad_features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(
tokenizer, mlm=False, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np"
)
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 16))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 16))
batch = data_collator(pad_features, return_tensors="np")
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 16))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 16))
tokenizer._pad_token = None
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="np")
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to padding token missing
data_collator(pad_features)
set_seed(42) # For reproducibility
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(np.any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(np.any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 16))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 16))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(np.any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 16))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 16))
masked_tokens = batch["input_ids"] == tokenizer.mask_token_id
self.assertTrue(np.any(masked_tokens))
# self.assertTrue(all(x == -100 for x in batch["labels"][~masked_tokens].tolist()))
def test_data_collator_for_language_modeling(self):
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
no_pad_features = [list(range(10)), list(range(10))]
pad_features = [list(range(5)), list(range(10))]
self._test_no_pad_and_pad(no_pad_features, pad_features)
def test_data_collator_for_whole_word_mask(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
data_collator = DataCollatorForWholeWordMask(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
# Features can already be tensors
features = [{"input_ids": np.arange(10)}, {"input_ids": np.arange(10)}]
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
def test_plm(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
no_pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(10))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
pad_features = [{"input_ids": list(range(5))}, {"input_ids": list(range(10))}]
data_collator = DataCollatorForPermutationLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape, (2, 10, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape, (2, 10, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
batch = data_collator(no_pad_features)
self.assertIsInstance(batch, dict)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["perm_mask"].shape, (2, 10, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["target_mapping"].shape, (2, 10, 10))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 10))
example = [np.random.randint(0, 5, [5])]
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
# Expect error due to odd sequence length
data_collator(example)
def test_nsp(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{"input_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "token_type_ids": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4], "next_sentence_label": i}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape, (2,))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["next_sentence_label"].shape, (2,))
def test_sop(self):
tokenizer = BertTokenizer(self.vocab_file)
features = [
{
"input_ids": np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"token_type_ids": np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]),
"sentence_order_label": i,
}
for i in range(2)
]
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 5))
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape, (2,))
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8, return_tensors="np")
batch = data_collator(features)
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["token_type_ids"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["labels"].shape, (2, 8))
self.assertEqual(batch["sentence_order_label"].shape, (2,))
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer_seq2seq.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2020 the HuggingFace Inc. team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from transformers import BertTokenizer, EncoderDecoderModel, Seq2SeqTrainer, Seq2SeqTrainingArguments
from transformers.testing_utils import TestCasePlus, require_torch, slow
from transformers.utils import is_datasets_available
if is_datasets_available():
import datasets
class Seq2seqTrainerTester(TestCasePlus):
@slow
@require_torch
def test_finetune_bert2bert(self):
bert2bert = EncoderDecoderModel.from_encoder_decoder_pretrained("prajjwal1/bert-tiny", "prajjwal1/bert-tiny")
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
bert2bert.config.vocab_size = bert2bert.config.encoder.vocab_size
bert2bert.config.eos_token_id = tokenizer.sep_token_id
bert2bert.config.decoder_start_token_id = tokenizer.cls_token_id
bert2bert.config.max_length = 128
train_dataset = datasets.load_dataset("cnn_dailymail", "3.0.0", split="train[:1%]")
val_dataset = datasets.load_dataset("cnn_dailymail", "3.0.0", split="validation[:1%]")
train_dataset = train_dataset.select(range(32))
val_dataset = val_dataset.select(range(16))
batch_size = 4
def _map_to_encoder_decoder_inputs(batch):
# Tokenizer will automatically set [BOS] <text> [EOS]
inputs = tokenizer(batch["article"], padding="max_length", truncation=True, max_length=512)
outputs = tokenizer(batch["highlights"], padding="max_length", truncation=True, max_length=128)
batch["input_ids"] = inputs.input_ids
batch["attention_mask"] = inputs.attention_mask
batch["decoder_input_ids"] = outputs.input_ids
batch["labels"] = outputs.input_ids.copy()
batch["labels"] = [
[-100 if token == tokenizer.pad_token_id else token for token in labels] for labels in batch["labels"]
]
batch["decoder_attention_mask"] = outputs.attention_mask
assert all(len(x) == 512 for x in inputs.input_ids)
assert all(len(x) == 128 for x in outputs.input_ids)
return batch
def _compute_metrics(pred):
labels_ids = pred.label_ids
pred_ids = pred.predictions
# all unnecessary tokens are removed
pred_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(pred_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)
label_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(labels_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)
accuracy = sum([int(pred_str[i] == label_str[i]) for i in range(len(pred_str))]) / len(pred_str)
return {"accuracy": accuracy}
# map train dataset
train_dataset = train_dataset.map(
_map_to_encoder_decoder_inputs,
batched=True,
batch_size=batch_size,
remove_columns=["article", "highlights"],
)
train_dataset.set_format(
type="torch",
columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "decoder_input_ids", "decoder_attention_mask", "labels"],
)
# same for validation dataset
val_dataset = val_dataset.map(
_map_to_encoder_decoder_inputs,
batched=True,
batch_size=batch_size,
remove_columns=["article", "highlights"],
)
val_dataset.set_format(
type="torch",
columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "decoder_input_ids", "decoder_attention_mask", "labels"],
)
output_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
training_args = Seq2SeqTrainingArguments(
output_dir=output_dir,
per_device_train_batch_size=batch_size,
per_device_eval_batch_size=batch_size,
predict_with_generate=True,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
do_train=True,
do_eval=True,
warmup_steps=0,
eval_steps=2,
logging_steps=2,
)
# instantiate trainer
trainer = Seq2SeqTrainer(
model=bert2bert,
args=training_args,
compute_metrics=_compute_metrics,
train_dataset=train_dataset,
eval_dataset=val_dataset,
tokenizer=tokenizer,
)
# start training
trainer.train()
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer_callback.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import shutil
import tempfile
import unittest
from unittest.mock import patch
from transformers import (
DefaultFlowCallback,
IntervalStrategy,
PrinterCallback,
ProgressCallback,
Trainer,
TrainerCallback,
TrainingArguments,
is_torch_available,
)
from transformers.testing_utils import require_torch
if is_torch_available():
from transformers.trainer import DEFAULT_CALLBACKS
from .test_trainer import RegressionDataset, RegressionModelConfig, RegressionPreTrainedModel
class MyTestTrainerCallback(TrainerCallback):
"A callback that registers the events that goes through."
def __init__(self):
self.events = []
def on_init_end(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_init_end")
def on_train_begin(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_train_begin")
def on_train_end(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_train_end")
def on_epoch_begin(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_epoch_begin")
def on_epoch_end(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_epoch_end")
def on_step_begin(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_step_begin")
def on_step_end(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_step_end")
def on_evaluate(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_evaluate")
def on_predict(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_predict")
def on_save(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_save")
def on_log(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_log")
def on_prediction_step(self, args, state, control, **kwargs):
self.events.append("on_prediction_step")
@require_torch
class TrainerCallbackTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.output_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
def tearDown(self):
shutil.rmtree(self.output_dir)
def get_trainer(self, a=0, b=0, train_len=64, eval_len=64, callbacks=None, disable_tqdm=False, **kwargs):
# disable_tqdm in TrainingArguments has a flaky default since it depends on the level of logging. We make sure
# its set to False since the tests later on depend on its value.
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=train_len)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=eval_len)
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b)
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
args = TrainingArguments(self.output_dir, disable_tqdm=disable_tqdm, report_to=[], **kwargs)
return Trainer(
model,
args,
train_dataset=train_dataset,
eval_dataset=eval_dataset,
callbacks=callbacks,
)
def check_callbacks_equality(self, cbs1, cbs2):
self.assertEqual(len(cbs1), len(cbs2))
# Order doesn't matter
cbs1 = sorted(cbs1, key=lambda cb: cb.__name__ if isinstance(cb, type) else cb.__class__.__name__)
cbs2 = sorted(cbs2, key=lambda cb: cb.__name__ if isinstance(cb, type) else cb.__class__.__name__)
for cb1, cb2 in zip(cbs1, cbs2):
if isinstance(cb1, type) and isinstance(cb2, type):
self.assertEqual(cb1, cb2)
elif isinstance(cb1, type) and not isinstance(cb2, type):
self.assertEqual(cb1, cb2.__class__)
elif not isinstance(cb1, type) and isinstance(cb2, type):
self.assertEqual(cb1.__class__, cb2)
else:
self.assertEqual(cb1, cb2)
def get_expected_events(self, trainer):
expected_events = ["on_init_end", "on_train_begin"]
step = 0
train_dl_len = len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader())
evaluation_events = ["on_prediction_step"] * len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader()) + ["on_log", "on_evaluate"]
for _ in range(trainer.state.num_train_epochs):
expected_events.append("on_epoch_begin")
for _ in range(train_dl_len):
step += 1
expected_events += ["on_step_begin", "on_step_end"]
if step % trainer.args.logging_steps == 0:
expected_events.append("on_log")
if trainer.args.evaluation_strategy == IntervalStrategy.STEPS and step % trainer.args.eval_steps == 0:
expected_events += evaluation_events.copy()
if step % trainer.args.save_steps == 0:
expected_events.append("on_save")
expected_events.append("on_epoch_end")
if trainer.args.evaluation_strategy == IntervalStrategy.EPOCH:
expected_events += evaluation_events.copy()
expected_events += ["on_log", "on_train_end"]
return expected_events
def test_init_callback(self):
trainer = self.get_trainer()
expected_callbacks = DEFAULT_CALLBACKS.copy() + [ProgressCallback]
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
# Callbacks passed at init are added to the default callbacks
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback])
expected_callbacks.append(MyTestTrainerCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
# TrainingArguments.disable_tqdm controls if use ProgressCallback or PrinterCallback
trainer = self.get_trainer(disable_tqdm=True)
expected_callbacks = DEFAULT_CALLBACKS.copy() + [PrinterCallback]
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
def test_add_remove_callback(self):
expected_callbacks = DEFAULT_CALLBACKS.copy() + [ProgressCallback]
trainer = self.get_trainer()
# We can add, pop, or remove by class name
trainer.remove_callback(DefaultFlowCallback)
expected_callbacks.remove(DefaultFlowCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
trainer = self.get_trainer()
cb = trainer.pop_callback(DefaultFlowCallback)
self.assertEqual(cb.__class__, DefaultFlowCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
trainer.add_callback(DefaultFlowCallback)
expected_callbacks.insert(0, DefaultFlowCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
# We can also add, pop, or remove by instance
trainer = self.get_trainer()
cb = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[0]
trainer.remove_callback(cb)
expected_callbacks.remove(DefaultFlowCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
trainer = self.get_trainer()
cb1 = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[0]
cb2 = trainer.pop_callback(cb1)
self.assertEqual(cb1, cb2)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
trainer.add_callback(cb1)
expected_callbacks.insert(0, DefaultFlowCallback)
self.check_callbacks_equality(trainer.callback_handler.callbacks, expected_callbacks)
def test_event_flow(self):
import warnings
# XXX: for now ignore scatter_gather warnings in this test since it's not relevant to what's being tested
warnings.simplefilter(action="ignore", category=UserWarning)
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback])
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
# Independent log/save/eval
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback], logging_steps=5)
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback], save_steps=5)
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback], eval_steps=5, evaluation_strategy="steps")
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
trainer = self.get_trainer(callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback], evaluation_strategy="epoch")
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
# A bit of everything
trainer = self.get_trainer(
callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback],
logging_steps=3,
save_steps=10,
eval_steps=5,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
)
trainer.train()
events = trainer.callback_handler.callbacks[-2].events
self.assertEqual(events, self.get_expected_events(trainer))
# warning should be emitted for duplicated callbacks
with patch("transformers.trainer_callback.logger.warning") as warn_mock:
trainer = self.get_trainer(
callbacks=[MyTestTrainerCallback, MyTestTrainerCallback],
)
assert str(MyTestTrainerCallback) in warn_mock.call_args[0][0]
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer_tpu.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# This test is meant to be run in on an instance with TPUs like this:
#
# python examples/pytorch/xla_spawn.py --num_cores=8 tests/test_trainer_tpu.py
#
# Replace 8 with the number of TPU cores you have.
#
import sys
from typing import Dict
from transformers import EvalPrediction, HfArgumentParser, TrainingArguments, is_torch_available
from transformers.utils import logging
logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
if is_torch_available():
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import Dataset
from transformers import Trainer
class DummyDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, length: int = 101):
self.length = length
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i) -> int:
return i
class DummyDataCollator:
def __call__(self, features):
return {"input_ids": torch.tensor(features), "labels": torch.tensor(features)}
class DummyModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# Add some (unused) params otherwise DDP will complain.
self.fc = nn.Linear(120, 80)
def forward(self, input_ids, labels=None):
if labels is not None:
return torch.tensor(0.0, device=input_ids.device), input_ids
else:
return input_ids
def main():
parser = HfArgumentParser((TrainingArguments,))
sys.argv += ["--output_dir", "./examples"]
training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()[0]
logger.warning(
f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, "
f"tpu_num_cores: {training_args.tpu_num_cores}",
)
# Essentially, what we want to verify in the distributed case is
# that we get all samples back, in the right order.
# (this is crucial for prediction for instance)
for dataset_length in [1001, 256, 15]:
dataset = DummyDataset(dataset_length)
def compute_metrics(p: EvalPrediction) -> Dict:
sequential = list(range(len(dataset)))
success = p.predictions.tolist() == sequential and p.label_ids.tolist() == sequential
return {"success": success}
trainer = Trainer(
model=DummyModel(),
args=training_args,
data_collator=DummyDataCollator(),
eval_dataset=dataset,
compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
logger.info(metrics)
if metrics["eval_success"] is not True:
logger.error(metrics)
exit(1)
p = trainer.predict(dataset)
logger.info(p.metrics)
if p.metrics["test_success"] is not True:
logger.error(p.metrics)
exit(1)
trainer.args.eval_accumulation_steps = 2
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
logger.info(metrics)
if metrics["eval_success"] is not True:
logger.error(metrics)
exit(1)
p = trainer.predict(dataset)
logger.info(p.metrics)
if p.metrics["test_success"] is not True:
logger.error(p.metrics)
exit(1)
trainer.args.eval_accumulation_steps = None
logger.info("🔥 All distributed tests successful")
def _mp_fn(index):
# For xla_spawn (TPUs)
main()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 the HuggingFace Inc. team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import dataclasses
import gc
import json
import math
import os
import random
import re
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import time
import unittest
from itertools import product
from pathlib import Path
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
import numpy as np
from huggingface_hub import HfFolder, Repository, delete_repo
from parameterized import parameterized
from requests.exceptions import HTTPError
from transformers import (
AutoTokenizer,
IntervalStrategy,
PretrainedConfig,
TrainingArguments,
is_torch_available,
logging,
)
from transformers.hyperparameter_search import ALL_HYPERPARAMETER_SEARCH_BACKENDS
from transformers.testing_utils import (
ENDPOINT_STAGING,
TOKEN,
USER,
CaptureLogger,
TestCasePlus,
execute_subprocess_async,
get_gpu_count,
get_tests_dir,
is_staging_test,
require_accelerate,
require_intel_extension_for_pytorch,
require_optuna,
require_ray,
require_safetensors,
require_sentencepiece,
require_sigopt,
require_tokenizers,
require_torch,
require_torch_bf16_cpu,
require_torch_bf16_gpu,
require_torch_gpu,
require_torch_multi_gpu,
require_torch_non_multi_gpu,
require_torch_tensorrt_fx,
require_torch_tf32,
require_torch_up_to_2_gpus,
require_torchdynamo,
require_wandb,
slow,
)
from transformers.trainer_utils import PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR, HPSearchBackend
from transformers.training_args import OptimizerNames
from transformers.utils import (
SAFE_WEIGHTS_INDEX_NAME,
SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME,
WEIGHTS_INDEX_NAME,
WEIGHTS_NAME,
is_apex_available,
is_bitsandbytes_available,
is_safetensors_available,
is_torchdistx_available,
)
from transformers.utils.hp_naming import TrialShortNamer
if is_torch_available():
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import IterableDataset
import transformers.optimization
from transformers import (
AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
EarlyStoppingCallback,
GlueDataset,
GlueDataTrainingArguments,
GPT2Config,
GPT2LMHeadModel,
LineByLineTextDataset,
PreTrainedModel,
Trainer,
TrainerState,
)
from transformers.modeling_utils import unwrap_model
if is_safetensors_available():
import safetensors.torch
PATH_SAMPLE_TEXT = f"{get_tests_dir()}/fixtures/sample_text.txt"
class RegressionDataset:
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
np.random.seed(seed)
self.label_names = ["labels"] if label_names is None else label_names
self.length = length
self.x = np.random.normal(size=(length,)).astype(np.float32)
self.ys = [a * self.x + b + np.random.normal(scale=0.1, size=(length,)) for _ in self.label_names]
self.ys = [y.astype(np.float32) for y in self.ys]
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i):
result = {name: y[i] for name, y in zip(self.label_names, self.ys)}
result["input_x"] = self.x[i]
return result
@dataclasses.dataclass
class RegressionTrainingArguments(TrainingArguments):
a: float = 0.0
b: float = 0.0
def __post_init__(self):
super().__post_init__()
# save resources not dealing with reporting (also avoids the warning when it's not set)
self.report_to = []
class RepeatDataset:
def __init__(self, x, length=64):
self.x = x
self.length = length
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i):
return {"input_ids": self.x, "labels": self.x}
class DynamicShapesDataset:
def __init__(self, length=64, seed=42, batch_size=8):
self.length = length
np.random.seed(seed)
sizes = np.random.randint(1, 20, (length // batch_size,))
# For easy batching, we make every batch_size consecutive samples the same size.
self.xs = [np.random.normal(size=(s,)) for s in sizes.repeat(batch_size)]
self.ys = [np.random.normal(size=(s,)) for s in sizes.repeat(batch_size)]
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i):
return {"input_x": self.xs[i], "labels": self.ys[i]}
class AlmostAccuracy:
def __init__(self, thresh=0.25):
self.thresh = thresh
def __call__(self, eval_pred):
predictions, labels = eval_pred
true = np.abs(predictions - labels) <= self.thresh
return {"accuracy": true.astype(np.float32).mean().item()}
class RegressionModelConfig(PretrainedConfig):
def __init__(self, a=0, b=0, double_output=False, random_torch=True, **kwargs):
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.a = a
self.b = b
self.double_output = double_output
self.random_torch = random_torch
self.hidden_size = 1
if is_torch_available():
class SampleIterableDataset(IterableDataset):
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
self.dataset = RegressionDataset(a=a, b=b, length=length, seed=seed, label_names=label_names)
def __iter__(self):
for i in range(len(self.dataset)):
yield self.dataset[i]
class FiniteIterableDataset(SampleIterableDataset):
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
super().__init__(a, b, length, seed, label_names)
self.current_sample = 0
def __iter__(self):
while self.current_sample < len(self.dataset):
yield self.dataset[self.current_sample]
self.current_sample += 1
class MultiLoader:
def __init__(self, loaders):
self.loaders = loaders
def __len__(self):
return sum(len(loader) for loader in self.loaders)
def __iter__(self):
for loader in self.loaders:
yield from loader
class CustomDataloaderTrainer(Trainer):
def get_train_dataloader(self):
dataloaders = [super().get_train_dataloader(), super().get_train_dataloader()]
return MultiLoader(dataloaders)
def get_eval_dataloader(self, eval_dataset):
dataloaders = [super().get_eval_dataloader(eval_dataset), super().get_eval_dataloader(eval_dataset)]
return MultiLoader(dataloaders)
class RegressionModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, a=0, b=0, double_output=False):
super().__init__()
self.a = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(a).float())
self.b = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(b).float())
self.double_output = double_output
self.config = None
def forward(self, input_x, labels=None, **kwargs):
y = input_x * self.a + self.b
if labels is None:
return (y, y) if self.double_output else (y,)
loss = nn.functional.mse_loss(y, labels)
return (loss, y, y) if self.double_output else (loss, y)
class RegressionDictModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, a=0, b=0):
super().__init__()
self.a = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(a).float())
self.b = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(b).float())
self.config = None
def forward(self, input_x, labels=None, **kwargs):
y = input_x * self.a + self.b
result = {"output": y}
if labels is not None:
result["loss"] = nn.functional.mse_loss(y, labels)
return result
class RegressionPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
config_class = RegressionModelConfig
base_model_prefix = "regression"
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__(config)
self.a = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(config.a).float())
self.b = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(config.b).float())
self.double_output = config.double_output
def forward(self, input_x, labels=None, **kwargs):
y = input_x * self.a + self.b
if labels is None:
return (y, y) if self.double_output else (y,)
loss = nn.functional.mse_loss(y, labels)
return (loss, y, y) if self.double_output else (loss, y)
class RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
config_class = RegressionModelConfig
base_model_prefix = "regression"
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__(config)
self.a = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(config.a).float())
self.b = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(config.b).float())
self.random_torch = config.random_torch
def forward(self, input_x, labels=None, **kwargs):
y = input_x * self.a + self.b
if self.random_torch:
torch_rand = torch.randn(1).squeeze()
np_rand = np.random.rand()
rand_rand = random.random()
if self.random_torch:
y += 0.05 * torch_rand
y += 0.05 * torch.tensor(np_rand + rand_rand)
if labels is None:
return (y,)
loss = nn.functional.mse_loss(y, labels)
return (loss, y)
class TstLayer(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, hidden_size):
super().__init__()
self.linear1 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
self.ln1 = nn.LayerNorm(hidden_size)
self.linear2 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
self.ln2 = nn.LayerNorm(hidden_size)
self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(hidden_size))
def forward(self, x):
h = self.ln1(nn.functional.relu(self.linear1(x)))
h = nn.functional.relu(self.linear2(x))
return self.ln2(x + h + self.bias)
def get_regression_trainer(a=0, b=0, double_output=False, train_len=64, eval_len=64, pretrained=True, **kwargs):
label_names = kwargs.get("label_names", None)
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=train_len, label_names=label_names)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=eval_len, label_names=label_names)
model_init = kwargs.pop("model_init", None)
if model_init is not None:
model = None
else:
if pretrained:
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b, double_output=double_output)
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
else:
model = RegressionModel(a=a, b=b, double_output=double_output)
compute_metrics = kwargs.pop("compute_metrics", None)
data_collator = kwargs.pop("data_collator", None)
optimizers = kwargs.pop("optimizers", (None, None))
output_dir = kwargs.pop("output_dir", "./regression")
preprocess_logits_for_metrics = kwargs.pop("preprocess_logits_for_metrics", None)
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(output_dir, a=a, b=b, **kwargs)
return Trainer(
model,
args,
data_collator=data_collator,
train_dataset=train_dataset,
eval_dataset=eval_dataset,
compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
optimizers=optimizers,
model_init=model_init,
preprocess_logits_for_metrics=preprocess_logits_for_metrics,
)
class TrainerIntegrationCommon:
def check_saved_checkpoints(self, output_dir, freq, total, is_pretrained=True, safe_weights=False):
weights_file = WEIGHTS_NAME if not safe_weights else SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME
file_list = [weights_file, "training_args.bin", "optimizer.pt", "scheduler.pt", "trainer_state.json"]
if is_pretrained:
file_list.append("config.json")
for step in range(freq, total, freq):
checkpoint = os.path.join(output_dir, f"checkpoint-{step}")
self.assertTrue(os.path.isdir(checkpoint))
for filename in file_list:
self.assertTrue(os.path.isfile(os.path.join(checkpoint, filename)))
def check_best_model_has_been_loaded(
self, output_dir, freq, total, trainer, metric, greater_is_better=False, is_pretrained=True, safe_weights=False
):
checkpoint = os.path.join(output_dir, f"checkpoint-{(total // freq) * freq}")
log_history = TrainerState.load_from_json(os.path.join(checkpoint, "trainer_state.json")).log_history
values = [d[metric] for d in log_history]
best_value = max(values) if greater_is_better else min(values)
best_checkpoint = (values.index(best_value) + 1) * freq
checkpoint = os.path.join(output_dir, f"checkpoint-{best_checkpoint}")
if is_pretrained:
best_model = RegressionPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained(checkpoint)
best_model.to(trainer.args.device)
else:
best_model = RegressionModel()
if not safe_weights:
state_dict = torch.load(os.path.join(checkpoint, WEIGHTS_NAME))
else:
state_dict = safetensors.torch.load_file(os.path.join(checkpoint, SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME))
best_model.load_state_dict(state_dict)
best_model.to(trainer.args.device)
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(best_model.a, trainer.model.a))
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(best_model.b, trainer.model.b))
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
self.assertEqual(metrics[metric], best_value)
def check_trainer_state_are_the_same(self, trainer_state, trainer_state1):
# We'll pop things so operate on copies.
state = trainer_state.copy()
state1 = trainer_state1.copy()
# Log history main contain different logs for the time metrics (after resuming a training).
log_history = state.pop("log_history", None)
log_history1 = state1.pop("log_history", None)
self.assertEqual(state, state1)
skip_log_keys = ["train_runtime", "train_samples_per_second", "train_steps_per_second", "train_loss"]
for log, log1 in zip(log_history, log_history1):
for key in skip_log_keys:
_ = log.pop(key, None)
_ = log1.pop(key, None)
self.assertEqual(log, log1)
def convert_to_sharded_checkpoint(self, folder, save_safe=False, load_safe=False):
# Converts a checkpoint of a regression model to a sharded checkpoint.
if load_safe:
loader = safetensors.torch.load_file
weights_file = os.path.join(folder, SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME)
else:
loader = torch.load
weights_file = os.path.join(folder, WEIGHTS_NAME)
if save_safe:
extension = "safetensors"
saver = safetensors.torch.save_file
index_file = os.path.join(folder, SAFE_WEIGHTS_INDEX_NAME)
shard_name = SAFE_WEIGHTS_NAME
else:
extension = "bin"
saver = torch.save
index_file = os.path.join(folder, WEIGHTS_INDEX_NAME)
shard_name = WEIGHTS_NAME
state_dict = loader(weights_file)
os.remove(weights_file)
keys = list(state_dict.keys())
shard_files = [
shard_name.replace(f".{extension}", f"-{idx+1:05d}-of-{len(keys):05d}.{extension}")
for idx in range(len(keys))
]
index = {"metadata": {}, "weight_map": {key: shard_files[i] for i, key in enumerate(keys)}}
with open(index_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
content = json.dumps(index, indent=2, sort_keys=True) + "\n"
f.write(content)
for param_name, shard_file in zip(keys, shard_files):
saver({param_name: state_dict[param_name]}, os.path.join(folder, shard_file))
@require_torch
@require_sentencepiece
@require_tokenizers
class TrainerIntegrationPrerunTest(TestCasePlus, TrainerIntegrationCommon):
"""
Only tests that want to tap into the auto-pre-run 2 trainings:
- self.default_trained_model
- self.alternate_trained_model
directly, or via check_trained_model
"""
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1)
trainer.train()
self.default_trained_model = (trainer.model.a, trainer.model.b)
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, seed=314)
trainer.train()
self.alternate_trained_model = (trainer.model.a, trainer.model.b)
def check_trained_model(self, model, alternate_seed=False):
# Checks a training seeded with learning_rate = 0.1
(a, b) = self.alternate_trained_model if alternate_seed else self.default_trained_model
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(model.a, a))
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(model.b, b))
def test_reproducible_training(self):
# Checks that training worked, model trained and seed made a reproducible training.
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# Checks that a different seed gets different (reproducible) results.
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, seed=314)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model, alternate_seed=True)
def test_trainer_with_datasets(self):
import datasets
np.random.seed(42)
x = np.random.normal(size=(64,)).astype(np.float32)
y = 2.0 * x + 3.0 + np.random.normal(scale=0.1, size=(64,))
train_dataset = datasets.Dataset.from_dict({"input_x": x, "label": y})
# Base training. Should have the same results as test_reproducible_training
model = RegressionModel()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression", learning_rate=0.1)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# Can return tensors.
train_dataset.set_format(type="torch", dtype=torch.float32)
model = RegressionModel()
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# Adding one column not used by the model should have no impact
z = np.random.normal(size=(64,)).astype(np.float32)
train_dataset = datasets.Dataset.from_dict({"input_x": x, "label": y, "extra": z})
model = RegressionModel()
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
def test_model_init(self):
train_dataset = RegressionDataset()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression", learning_rate=0.1)
trainer = Trainer(args=args, train_dataset=train_dataset, model_init=lambda: RegressionModel())
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# Re-training should restart from scratch, thus lead the same results.
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# Re-training should restart from scratch, thus lead the same results and new seed should be used.
trainer.args.seed = 314
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model, alternate_seed=True)
def test_gradient_accumulation(self):
# Training with half the batch size but accumulation steps as 2 should give the same results.
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
gradient_accumulation_steps=2, per_device_train_batch_size=4, learning_rate=0.1
)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
def test_training_loss(self):
n_gpus = max(1, get_gpu_count())
# With even logs
trainer = get_regression_trainer(logging_steps=64 / (8 * n_gpus))
trainer.train()
log_history = trainer.state.log_history
losses = [log["loss"] for log in log_history if "loss" in log]
train_loss = log_history[-1]["train_loss"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(sum(losses) / len(losses), train_loss, places=4)
# With uneven logs
trainer = get_regression_trainer(logging_steps=5)
trainer.train()
log_history = trainer.state.log_history
# Training loss should be the same as before
new_train_loss = log_history[-1]["train_loss"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(train_loss, new_train_loss, places=4)
def test_custom_optimizer(self):
train_dataset = RegressionDataset()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression")
model = RegressionModel()
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=1.0)
lr_scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LambdaLR(optimizer, lr_lambda=lambda x: 1.0)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, optimizers=(optimizer, lr_scheduler))
trainer.train()
(a, b) = self.default_trained_model
self.assertFalse(torch.allclose(trainer.model.a, a))
self.assertFalse(torch.allclose(trainer.model.b, b))
self.assertEqual(trainer.optimizer.state_dict()["param_groups"][0]["lr"], 1.0)
def test_reduce_lr_on_plateau_args(self):
# test passed arguments for a custom ReduceLROnPlateau scheduler
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=64)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=64)
args = TrainingArguments(
"./regression",
evaluation_strategy="epoch",
metric_for_best_model="eval_loss",
)
model = RegressionModel()
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=1.0)
lr_scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau(optimizer, factor=0.2, patience=5, cooldown=2)
trainer = Trainer(
model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset, optimizers=(optimizer, lr_scheduler)
)
trainer.train()
self.assertIsInstance(trainer.lr_scheduler, torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau)
self.assertEqual(trainer.lr_scheduler.factor, 0.2)
self.assertEqual(trainer.lr_scheduler.patience, 5)
self.assertEqual(trainer.lr_scheduler.cooldown, 2)
def test_reduce_lr_on_plateau(self):
# test the ReduceLROnPlateau scheduler
class TrainerWithLRLogs(Trainer):
def log(self, logs):
# the LR is computed after metrics and does not exist for the first epoch
if hasattr(self.lr_scheduler, "_last_lr"):
logs["learning_rate"] = self.lr_scheduler._last_lr
super().log(logs)
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=64)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=64)
args = TrainingArguments(
"./regression",
lr_scheduler_type="reduce_lr_on_plateau",
evaluation_strategy="epoch",
metric_for_best_model="eval_loss",
num_train_epochs=10,
learning_rate=0.2,
)
model = RegressionModel()
trainer = TrainerWithLRLogs(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train()
self.assertIsInstance(trainer.lr_scheduler, torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau)
patience = trainer.lr_scheduler.patience
logs = trainer.state.log_history[1:]
best_loss = logs[0]["eval_loss"]
bad_epochs = 0
for i, log in enumerate(logs[:-1]): # Compare learning rate to next epoch's
loss = log["eval_loss"]
just_decreased = False
if loss > best_loss:
bad_epochs += 1
if bad_epochs > patience:
self.assertLess(logs[i + 1]["learning_rate"][0], log["learning_rate"][0])
just_decreased = True
bad_epochs = 0
else:
best_loss = loss
bad_epochs = 0
if not just_decreased:
self.assertEqual(logs[i + 1]["learning_rate"][0], log["learning_rate"][0])
def test_adafactor_lr_none(self):
# test the special case where lr=None, since Trainer can't not have lr_scheduler
from transformers.optimization import Adafactor, AdafactorSchedule
train_dataset = RegressionDataset()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression")
model = RegressionModel()
optimizer = Adafactor(model.parameters(), scale_parameter=True, relative_step=True, warmup_init=True, lr=None)
lr_scheduler = AdafactorSchedule(optimizer)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, optimizers=(optimizer, lr_scheduler))
trainer.train()
(a, b) = self.default_trained_model
self.assertFalse(torch.allclose(trainer.model.a, a))
self.assertFalse(torch.allclose(trainer.model.b, b))
self.assertGreater(trainer.optimizer.state_dict()["param_groups"][0]["lr"], 0)
@require_torch_gpu
@require_torch_bf16_gpu
def test_mixed_bf16(self):
# very basic test
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, bf16=True)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
# --bf16 --half_precision_backend apex can't be used together
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, bf16=True, half_precision_backend="apex")
# will add more specific tests once there are some bugs to fix
@require_torch_gpu
@require_torch_tf32
def test_tf32(self):
# very basic test
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, tf32=True)
trainer.train()
self.check_trained_model(trainer.model)
@require_torch
@require_sentencepiece
@require_tokenizers
class TrainerIntegrationTest(TestCasePlus, TrainerIntegrationCommon):
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
def test_trainer_works_with_dict(self):
# Edge case because Apex with mode O2 will change our models to return dicts. This test checks it doesn't break
# anything.
train_dataset = RegressionDataset()
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset()
model = RegressionDictModel()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression")
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train()
_ = trainer.evaluate()
_ = trainer.predict(eval_dataset)
def test_evaluation_with_keys_to_drop(self):
config = GPT2Config(vocab_size=100, n_positions=128, n_embd=32, n_layer=3, n_head=4)
tiny_gpt2 = GPT2LMHeadModel(config)
x = torch.randint(0, 100, (128,))
eval_dataset = RepeatDataset(x)
args = TrainingArguments("./test")
trainer = Trainer(tiny_gpt2, args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
# By default the past_key_values are removed
result = trainer.predict(eval_dataset)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(result.predictions, np.ndarray))
# We can still get them by setting ignore_keys to []
result = trainer.predict(eval_dataset, ignore_keys=[])
self.assertTrue(isinstance(result.predictions, tuple))
self.assertEqual(len(result.predictions), 2)
def test_training_arguments_are_left_untouched(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer()
trainer.train()
args = TrainingArguments("./regression", report_to=[])
dict1, dict2 = args.to_dict(), trainer.args.to_dict()
for key in dict1.keys():
# Logging dir can be slightly different as they default to something with the time.
if key != "logging_dir":
self.assertEqual(dict1[key], dict2[key])
def test_number_of_steps_in_training(self):
# Regular training has n_epochs * len(train_dl) steps
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size)
# Check passing num_train_epochs works (and a float version too):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, num_train_epochs=1.5)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, int(1.5 * 64 / self.batch_size))
# If we pass a max_steps, num_train_epochs is ignored
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, max_steps=10)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, 10)
@require_torch_bf16_cpu
@require_intel_extension_for_pytorch
def test_number_of_steps_in_training_with_ipex(self):
for mix_bf16 in [True, False]:
# Regular training has n_epochs * len(train_dl) steps
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, self.n_epochs * 64 / trainer.args.train_batch_size)
# Check passing num_train_epochs works (and a float version too):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
learning_rate=0.1, num_train_epochs=1.5, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True
)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, int(1.5 * 64 / trainer.args.train_batch_size))
# If we pass a max_steps, num_train_epochs is ignored
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
learning_rate=0.1, max_steps=10, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True
)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, 10)
def test_logging_inf_nan_filter(self):
config = GPT2Config(vocab_size=100, n_positions=128, n_embd=32, n_layer=3, n_head=4)
tiny_gpt2 = GPT2LMHeadModel(config)
x = torch.randint(0, 100, (128,))
train_dataset = RepeatDataset(x)
# Trainer without inf/nan filter
args = TrainingArguments("./test", learning_rate=1e9, logging_steps=5, logging_nan_inf_filter=False)
trainer = Trainer(tiny_gpt2, args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
log_history_no_filter = trainer.state.log_history
# Trainer with inf/nan filter
args = TrainingArguments("./test", learning_rate=1e9, logging_steps=5, logging_nan_inf_filter=True)
trainer = Trainer(tiny_gpt2, args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
log_history_filter = trainer.state.log_history
def is_any_loss_nan_or_inf(log_history):
losses = [l["loss"] for l in log_history[:-1]]
return any(math.isnan(x) for x in losses) or any(math.isinf(x) for x in losses)
self.assertTrue(is_any_loss_nan_or_inf(log_history_no_filter))
self.assertFalse(is_any_loss_nan_or_inf(log_history_filter))
def test_train_and_eval_dataloaders(self):
n_gpu = max(1, torch.cuda.device_count())
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, per_device_train_batch_size=16)
self.assertEqual(trainer.get_train_dataloader().total_batch_size, 16 * n_gpu)
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1, per_device_eval_batch_size=16)
self.assertEqual(trainer.get_eval_dataloader().total_batch_size, 16 * n_gpu)
# Check drop_last works
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
train_len=66, eval_len=74, learning_rate=0.1, per_device_train_batch_size=16, per_device_eval_batch_size=32
)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_train_dataloader()), 66 // (16 * n_gpu) + 1)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader()), 74 // (32 * n_gpu) + 1)
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
train_len=66,
eval_len=74,
learning_rate=0.1,
per_device_train_batch_size=16,
per_device_eval_batch_size=32,
dataloader_drop_last=True,
)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_train_dataloader()), 66 // (16 * n_gpu))
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader()), 74 // (32 * n_gpu))
# Check passing a new dataset for evaluation works
new_eval_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=128)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader(new_eval_dataset)), 128 // (32 * n_gpu))
# tests that we do not require dataloader to have a .dataset attribute
def test_dataloader_without_dataset(self):
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=128)
trainer = CustomDataloaderTrainer(
model=RegressionModel(), train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=train_dataset
)
trainer.train()
trainer.evaluate()
@require_torch_multi_gpu
def test_data_is_not_parallelized_when_model_is_parallel(self):
model = RegressionModel()
# Make the Trainer believe it's a parallelized model
model.is_parallelizable = True
model.model_parallel = True
args = TrainingArguments("./regression", per_device_train_batch_size=16, per_device_eval_batch_size=16)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=RegressionDataset(), eval_dataset=RegressionDataset())
# Check the Trainer was fooled
self.assertTrue(trainer.is_model_parallel)
self.assertEqual(trainer.args.n_gpu, 1)
# The batch size of the training and evaluation dataloaders should be 16, not 16 * n_gpu
self.assertEqual(trainer.get_train_dataloader().total_batch_size, 16)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_train_dataloader()), 64 // 16)
self.assertEqual(trainer.get_eval_dataloader().total_batch_size, 16)
self.assertEqual(len(trainer.get_eval_dataloader()), 64 // 16)
def test_evaluate(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy())
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, eval_len=66, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy())
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With logits preprocess
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
preprocess_logits_for_metrics=lambda logits, labels: logits + 1,
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred + 1, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
def test_evaluate_with_jit(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(), jit_mode_eval=True)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5, b=2.5, eval_len=66, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(), jit_mode_eval=True
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With logits preprocess
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
preprocess_logits_for_metrics=lambda logits, labels: logits + 1,
jit_mode_eval=True,
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred + 1, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
@require_torch_bf16_cpu
@require_intel_extension_for_pytorch
def test_evaluate_with_ipex(self):
for mix_bf16 in [True, False]:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5, b=2.5, use_ipex=True, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(), bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
use_ipex=True,
eval_len=66,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
bf16=mix_bf16,
no_cuda=True,
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With logits preprocess
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
use_ipex=True,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
preprocess_logits_for_metrics=lambda logits, labels: logits + 1,
bf16=mix_bf16,
no_cuda=True,
)
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred + 1, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
def test_predict(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, eval_len=66)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, double_output=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output/label of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, double_output=True, label_names=["labels", "labels_2"])
outputs = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset)
preds = outputs.predictions
labels = outputs.label_ids
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[0], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[1], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[1]))
def test_predict_with_jit(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, jit_mode_eval=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, eval_len=66, jit_mode_eval=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, double_output=True, jit_mode_eval=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output/label of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5, b=2.5, double_output=True, label_names=["labels", "labels_2"], jit_mode_eval=True
)
outputs = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset)
preds = outputs.predictions
labels = outputs.label_ids
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[0], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[1], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[1]))
@require_torch_bf16_cpu
@require_intel_extension_for_pytorch
def test_predict_with_ipex(self):
for mix_bf16 in [True, False]:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=1.5, b=2.5, eval_len=66, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5, b=2.5, double_output=True, use_ipex=True, bf16=mix_bf16, no_cuda=True
)
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With more than one output/label of the model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
double_output=True,
label_names=["labels", "labels_2"],
use_ipex=True,
bf16=mix_bf16,
no_cuda=True,
)
outputs = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset)
preds = outputs.predictions
labels = outputs.label_ids
x = trainer.eval_dataset.x
self.assertEqual(len(preds), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[0], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds[1], 1.5 * x + 2.5))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[0], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[0]))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(labels[1], trainer.eval_dataset.ys[1]))
def test_dynamic_shapes(self):
eval_dataset = DynamicShapesDataset(batch_size=self.batch_size)
model = RegressionModel(a=2, b=1)
args = TrainingArguments("./regression")
trainer = Trainer(model, args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
# Check evaluation can run to completion
_ = trainer.evaluate()
# Check predictions
preds = trainer.predict(eval_dataset)
for expected, seen in zip(eval_dataset.ys, preds.label_ids):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(expected, seen[: expected.shape[0]]))
self.assertTrue(np.all(seen[expected.shape[0] :] == -100))
for expected, seen in zip(eval_dataset.xs, preds.predictions):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(2 * expected + 1, seen[: expected.shape[0]]))
self.assertTrue(np.all(seen[expected.shape[0] :] == -100))
# Same tests with eval accumulation
args = TrainingArguments("./regression", eval_accumulation_steps=2)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
# Check evaluation can run to completion
_ = trainer.evaluate()
# Check predictions
preds = trainer.predict(eval_dataset)
for expected, seen in zip(eval_dataset.ys, preds.label_ids):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(expected, seen[: expected.shape[0]]))
self.assertTrue(np.all(seen[expected.shape[0] :] == -100))
for expected, seen in zip(eval_dataset.xs, preds.predictions):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(2 * expected + 1, seen[: expected.shape[0]]))
self.assertTrue(np.all(seen[expected.shape[0] :] == -100))
def test_log_level(self):
# testing only --log_level (--log_level_replica requires multiple gpus and DDP and is tested elsewhere)
logger = logging.get_logger()
log_info_string = "Running training"
# test with the default log_level - should be the same as before and thus we test depending on is_info
is_info = logging.get_verbosity() <= 20
with CaptureLogger(logger) as cl:
trainer = get_regression_trainer()
trainer.train()
if is_info:
self.assertIn(log_info_string, cl.out)
else:
self.assertNotIn(log_info_string, cl.out)
# test with low log_level - lower than info
with CaptureLogger(logger) as cl:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(log_level="debug")
trainer.train()
self.assertIn(log_info_string, cl.out)
# test with high log_level - should be quiet
with CaptureLogger(logger) as cl:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(log_level="error")
trainer.train()
self.assertNotIn(log_info_string, cl.out)
def test_save_checkpoints(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmpdir, save_steps=5)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size))
# With a regular model that is not a PreTrainedModel
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmpdir, save_steps=5, pretrained=False)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size), False)
@require_safetensors
def test_safe_checkpoints(self):
for save_safetensors in [True, False]:
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmpdir, save_steps=5, save_safetensors=save_safetensors)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(
tmpdir, 5, int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size), safe_weights=save_safetensors
)
# With a regular model that is not a PreTrainedModel
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir, save_steps=5, pretrained=False, save_safetensors=save_safetensors
)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(
tmpdir, 5, int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size), False, safe_weights=save_safetensors
)
@require_torch_multi_gpu
def test_run_seq2seq_double_train_wrap_once(self):
# test that we don't wrap the model more than once
# since wrapping primarily happens on multi-gpu setup we want multiple gpus to test for
# example DataParallel(DataParallel(model))
trainer = get_regression_trainer()
trainer.train()
model_wrapped_before = trainer.model_wrapped
trainer.train()
model_wrapped_after = trainer.model_wrapped
self.assertIs(model_wrapped_before, model_wrapped_after, "should be not wrapped twice")
@require_torch_up_to_2_gpus
def test_can_resume_training(self):
# This test will fail for more than 2 GPUs since the batch size will get bigger and with the number of
# save_steps, the checkpoint will resume training at epoch 2 or more (so the data seen by the model
# won't be the same since the training dataloader is shuffled).
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
kwargs = {
"output_dir": tmpdir,
"train_len": 128,
"save_steps": 5,
"learning_rate": 0.1,
"logging_steps": 5,
}
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
# Reinitialize trainer
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
# Now check with a later checkpoint that it also works when we span over one epoch
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-15")
# Reinitialize trainer and load model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
# With a regular model that is not a PreTrainedModel
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
kwargs = {
"output_dir": tmpdir,
"train_len": 128,
"save_steps": 5,
"learning_rate": 0.1,
"pretrained": False,
}
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
# Reinitialize trainer and load model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
# Now check with a later checkpoint that it also works when we span over one epoch
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-15")
# Reinitialize trainer and load model
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**kwargs)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
# Now check failures
# 1. fail to find a bogus checkpoint
trainer = get_regression_trainer()
with self.assertRaises(Exception) as context:
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=f"{checkpoint}-bogus")
self.assertTrue("Can't find a valid checkpoint at" in str(context.exception))
# 2. fail to find any checkpoint - due a fresh output_dir
output_dir2 = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=output_dir2)
with self.assertRaises(Exception) as context:
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=True)
self.assertTrue("No valid checkpoint found in output directory" in str(context.exception))
def test_resume_training_with_randomness(self):
# For more than 1 GPUs, since the randomness is introduced in the model and with DataParallel (which is used
# in this test for more than 2 GPUs), the calls to the torch RNG will happen in a random order (sometimes
# GPU 0 will call first and sometimes GPU 1).
random_torch = not torch.cuda.is_available() or torch.cuda.device_count() <= 1
if torch.cuda.is_available():
torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=128)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset()
with self.subTest("Test every step"):
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=0, b=2, random_torch=random_torch)
model = RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(config)
tmp_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(tmp_dir, save_steps=5, learning_rate=0.1)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
model = RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(config)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "checkpoint-15"))
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, a1, delta=1e-5)
self.assertAlmostEqual(b, b1, delta=1e-5)
with self.subTest("Test every epoch"):
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=0, b=2, random_torch=random_torch)
model = RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(config)
tmp_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(tmp_dir, save_strategy="epoch", learning_rate=0.1)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
model = RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(config)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
checkpoints = [d for d in os.listdir(tmp_dir) if d.startswith("checkpoint-")]
# There should be one checkpoint per epoch.
self.assertEqual(len(checkpoints), 3)
checkpoint_dir = sorted(checkpoints, key=lambda x: int(x.replace("checkpoint-", "")))[0]
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=os.path.join(tmp_dir, checkpoint_dir))
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, a1, delta=1e-5)
self.assertAlmostEqual(b, b1, delta=1e-5)
@slow
@require_accelerate
@require_torch_non_multi_gpu
def test_auto_batch_size_finder(self):
if torch.cuda.is_available():
torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True
SRC_DIR = os.path.abspath(
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", "examples", "pytorch", "text-classification")
)
sys.path.append(SRC_DIR)
import run_glue
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
testargs = f"""
run_glue.py
--model_name_or_path distilbert-base-uncased
--task_name mrpc
--do_train
--do_eval
--max_seq_len 128
--per_device_train_batch_size 4096
--learning_rate 2e-5
--num_train_epochs 1
--output_dir {tmpdir}
--auto_find_batch_size 0
""".split()
with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
with patch.object(sys, "argv", testargs):
run_glue.main()
testargs[-1] = "1"
with patch.object(sys, "argv", testargs):
run_glue.main()
# regression for this issue: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/12970
def test_training_with_resume_from_checkpoint_false(self):
train_dataset = RegressionDataset(length=128)
eval_dataset = RegressionDataset()
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=0, b=2)
model = RegressionRandomPreTrainedModel(config)
tmp_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(tmp_dir, save_steps=5, learning_rate=0.1)
trainer = Trainer(model, args, train_dataset=train_dataset, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=False)
@require_torch_up_to_2_gpus
def test_resume_training_with_shard_checkpoint(self):
# This test will fail for more than 2 GPUs since the batch size will get bigger and with the number of
# save_steps, the checkpoint will resume training at epoch 2 or more (so the data seen by the model
# won't be the same since the training dataloader is shuffled).
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmpdir, train_len=128, save_steps=5, learning_rate=0.1)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
self.convert_to_sharded_checkpoint(checkpoint)
# Reinitialize trainer
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmpdir, train_len=128, save_steps=5, learning_rate=0.1)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
@require_safetensors
@require_torch_up_to_2_gpus
def test_resume_training_with_safe_checkpoint(self):
# This test will fail for more than 2 GPUs since the batch size will get bigger and with the number of
# save_steps, the checkpoint will resume training at epoch 2 or more (so the data seen by the model
# won't be the same since the training dataloader is shuffled).
for initial_safe in [False, True]:
for loaded_safe in [False, True]:
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
train_len=128,
save_steps=5,
learning_rate=0.1,
save_safetensors=initial_safe,
)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
self.convert_to_sharded_checkpoint(checkpoint, load_safe=initial_safe, save_safe=loaded_safe)
# Reinitialize trainer
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir, train_len=128, save_steps=5, learning_rate=0.1, save_safetensors=loaded_safe
)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
@require_torch_up_to_2_gpus
def test_resume_training_with_gradient_accumulation(self):
# This test will fail for more than 2 GPUs since the batch size will get bigger and with the number of
# save_steps, the checkpoint will resume training at epoch 2 or more (so the data seen by the model
# won't be the same since the training dataloader is shuffled).
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
train_len=128,
gradient_accumulation_steps=2,
per_device_train_batch_size=4,
save_steps=5,
learning_rate=0.1,
)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
# Reinitialize trainer
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
train_len=128,
gradient_accumulation_steps=2,
per_device_train_batch_size=4,
save_steps=5,
learning_rate=0.1,
)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
@require_torch_up_to_2_gpus
def test_resume_training_with_frozen_params(self):
# This test will fail for more than 2 GPUs since the batch size will get bigger and with the number of
# save_steps, the checkpoint will resume training at epoch 2 or more (so the data seen by the model
# won't be the same since the training dataloader is shuffled).
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
train_len=128,
per_device_train_batch_size=4,
save_steps=5,
learning_rate=0.1,
)
trainer.model.a.requires_grad_(False)
trainer.train()
(a, b) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
checkpoint = os.path.join(tmpdir, "checkpoint-5")
# Reinitialize trainer
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
train_len=128,
per_device_train_batch_size=4,
save_steps=5,
learning_rate=0.1,
)
trainer.model.a.requires_grad_(False)
trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
self.assertFalse(trainer.model.a.requires_grad)
(a1, b1) = trainer.model.a.item(), trainer.model.b.item()
state1 = dataclasses.asdict(trainer.state)
self.assertEqual(a, a1)
self.assertEqual(b, b1)
self.check_trainer_state_are_the_same(state, state1)
def test_load_best_model_at_end(self):
total = int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
output_dir=tmpdir,
learning_rate=0.1,
eval_steps=5,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
save_steps=5,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
)
self.assertFalse(trainer.args.greater_is_better)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, total)
self.check_best_model_has_been_loaded(tmpdir, 5, total, trainer, "eval_loss")
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
output_dir=tmpdir,
learning_rate=0.1,
eval_steps=5,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
save_steps=5,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
metric_for_best_model="accuracy",
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
)
self.assertTrue(trainer.args.greater_is_better)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, total)
self.check_best_model_has_been_loaded(tmpdir, 5, total, trainer, "eval_accuracy", greater_is_better=True)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
output_dir=tmpdir,
learning_rate=0.1,
evaluation_strategy="epoch",
save_strategy="epoch",
load_best_model_at_end=True,
metric_for_best_model="accuracy",
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
)
self.assertTrue(trainer.args.greater_is_better)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 64 // self.batch_size, total)
self.check_best_model_has_been_loaded(
tmpdir, 64 // self.batch_size, total, trainer, "eval_accuracy", greater_is_better=True
)
# Test this works with a non PreTrainedModel
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmpdir,
learning_rate=0.1,
eval_steps=5,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
save_steps=5,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
pretrained=False,
)
self.assertFalse(trainer.args.greater_is_better)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, total, is_pretrained=False)
self.check_best_model_has_been_loaded(tmpdir, 5, total, trainer, "eval_loss", is_pretrained=False)
@require_safetensors
def test_load_best_model_from_safetensors(self):
total = int(self.n_epochs * 64 / self.batch_size)
for save_safetensors, pretrained in product([False, True], [False, True]):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
a=1.5,
b=2.5,
output_dir=tmpdir,
learning_rate=0.1,
eval_steps=5,
evaluation_strategy="steps",
save_steps=5,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
save_safetensors=save_safetensors,
pretrained=pretrained,
)
self.assertFalse(trainer.args.greater_is_better)
trainer.train()
self.check_saved_checkpoints(tmpdir, 5, total, is_pretrained=pretrained, safe_weights=save_safetensors)
self.check_best_model_has_been_loaded(
tmpdir, 5, total, trainer, "eval_loss", is_pretrained=pretrained, safe_weights=save_safetensors
)
@slow
def test_trainer_eval_mrpc(self):
MODEL_ID = "bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
data_args = GlueDataTrainingArguments(
task_name="mrpc", data_dir=f"{get_tests_dir()}/fixtures/tests_samples/MRPC", overwrite_cache=True
)
eval_dataset = GlueDataset(data_args, tokenizer=tokenizer, mode="dev")
training_args = TrainingArguments(output_dir="./examples", no_cuda=True)
trainer = Trainer(model=model, args=training_args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
result = trainer.evaluate()
self.assertLess(result["eval_loss"], 0.2)
@slow
def test_trainer_eval_lm(self):
MODEL_ID = "distilroberta-base"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
dataset = LineByLineTextDataset(
tokenizer=tokenizer,
file_path=PATH_SAMPLE_TEXT,
block_size=tokenizer.max_len_single_sentence,
)
self.assertEqual(len(dataset), 31)
def test_training_iterable_dataset(self):
config = RegressionModelConfig()
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
# Adding one column not used by the model should have no impact
train_dataset = SampleIterableDataset(label_names=["labels", "extra"])
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(output_dir="./examples", max_steps=4)
trainer = Trainer(model=model, args=args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(trainer.state.global_step, 4)
loader = trainer.get_train_dataloader()
self.assertIsInstance(loader, torch.utils.data.DataLoader)
self.assertIsInstance(loader.sampler, torch.utils.data.dataloader._InfiniteConstantSampler)
def test_evaluation_iterable_dataset(self):
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=1.5, b=2.5)
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
# Adding one column not used by the model should have no impact
eval_dataset = SampleIterableDataset(label_names=["labels", "extra"])
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(output_dir="./examples")
trainer = Trainer(model=model, args=args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy())
results = trainer.evaluate()
x, y = trainer.eval_dataset.dataset.x, trainer.eval_dataset.dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
eval_dataset = SampleIterableDataset(length=66)
results = trainer.evaluate(eval_dataset)
x, y = eval_dataset.dataset.x, eval_dataset.dataset.ys[0]
pred = 1.5 * x + 2.5
expected_loss = ((pred - y) ** 2).mean()
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_loss"], expected_loss)
expected_acc = AlmostAccuracy()((pred, y))["accuracy"]
self.assertAlmostEqual(results["eval_accuracy"], expected_acc)
def test_predict_iterable_dataset(self):
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=1.5, b=2.5)
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
eval_dataset = SampleIterableDataset()
args = RegressionTrainingArguments(output_dir="./examples")
trainer = Trainer(model=model, args=args, eval_dataset=eval_dataset, compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy())
preds = trainer.predict(trainer.eval_dataset).predictions
x = eval_dataset.dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
# With a number of elements not a round multiple of the batch size
# Adding one column not used by the model should have no impact
test_dataset = SampleIterableDataset(length=66, label_names=["labels", "extra"])
preds = trainer.predict(test_dataset).predictions
x = test_dataset.dataset.x
self.assertTrue(np.allclose(preds, 1.5 * x + 2.5))
def test_num_train_epochs_in_training(self):
# len(train_dl) < gradient_accumulation_steps shouldn't give ``ZeroDivisionError`` when ``max_steps`` is given.
# It should give 1 update step for each epoch.
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
max_steps=3, train_len=64, per_device_train_batch_size=16, gradient_accumulation_steps=5
)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, 3)
# Even ``max_steps`` is not specified, we still expect 1 update step for each epoch if
# len(train_dl) < gradient_accumulation_steps.
trainer = get_regression_trainer(train_len=64, per_device_train_batch_size=16, gradient_accumulation_steps=5)
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertEqual(train_output.global_step, int(self.n_epochs))
def test_early_stopping_callback(self):
# early stopping stops training before num_training_epochs
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
num_train_epochs=20,
gradient_accumulation_steps=1,
per_device_train_batch_size=16,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
save_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
metric_for_best_model="accuracy",
)
trainer.add_callback(EarlyStoppingCallback(1, 0.0001))
train_output = trainer.train()
self.assertLess(train_output.global_step, 20 * 64 / 16)
# Invalid inputs to trainer with early stopping callback result in assertion error
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
num_train_epochs=20,
gradient_accumulation_steps=1,
per_device_train_batch_size=16,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
compute_metrics=AlmostAccuracy(),
metric_for_best_model="accuracy",
)
trainer.add_callback(EarlyStoppingCallback(1))
self.assertEqual(trainer.state.global_step, 0)
try:
trainer.train()
except AssertionError:
self.assertEqual(trainer.state.global_step, 0)
def test_flos_extraction(self):
trainer = get_regression_trainer(learning_rate=0.1)
def assert_flos_extraction(trainer, wrapped_model_to_check):
self.assertEqual(trainer.model, unwrap_model(wrapped_model_to_check))
self.assertGreaterEqual(getattr(unwrap_model(wrapped_model_to_check).config, "total_flos", 0), 0)
# with plain model
assert_flos_extraction(trainer, trainer.model)
# with enforced DataParallel
assert_flos_extraction(trainer, nn.DataParallel(trainer.model))
trainer.train()
self.assertTrue(isinstance(trainer.state.total_flos, float))
def check_checkpoint_deletion(self, trainer, output_dir, expected):
# Make fake checkpoints
for n in [5, 10, 15, 20, 25]:
os.makedirs(os.path.join(output_dir, f"{PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR}-{n}"), exist_ok=True)
trainer._rotate_checkpoints(output_dir=output_dir)
glob_checkpoints = [str(x) for x in Path(output_dir).glob(f"{PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR}-*")]
values = [int(re.match(f".*{PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR}-([0-9]+)", d).groups()[0]) for d in glob_checkpoints]
self.assertSetEqual(set(values), set(expected))
def test_checkpoint_rotation(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
# Without best model at end
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmp_dir, save_total_limit=2)
self.check_checkpoint_deletion(trainer, tmp_dir, [20, 25])
# With best model at end
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir, evaluation_strategy="steps", load_best_model_at_end=True, save_total_limit=2
)
trainer.state.best_model_checkpoint = os.path.join(tmp_dir, "checkpoint-5")
self.check_checkpoint_deletion(trainer, tmp_dir, [5, 25])
# Edge case: we don't always honor save_total_limit=1 if load_best_model_at_end=True to be able to resume
# from checkpoint
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir, evaluation_strategy="steps", load_best_model_at_end=True, save_total_limit=1
)
trainer.state.best_model_checkpoint = os.path.join(tmp_dir, "checkpoint-25")
self.check_checkpoint_deletion(trainer, tmp_dir, [25])
trainer.state.best_model_checkpoint = os.path.join(tmp_dir, "checkpoint-5")
self.check_checkpoint_deletion(trainer, tmp_dir, [5, 25])
def check_mem_metrics(self, trainer, check_func):
metrics = trainer.train().metrics
check_func("init_mem_cpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
check_func("train_mem_cpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
if torch.cuda.device_count() > 0:
check_func("init_mem_gpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
check_func("train_mem_gpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
check_func("eval_mem_cpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
if torch.cuda.device_count() > 0:
check_func("eval_mem_gpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
metrics = trainer.predict(RegressionDataset()).metrics
check_func("test_mem_cpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
if torch.cuda.device_count() > 0:
check_func("test_mem_gpu_alloc_delta", metrics)
def test_mem_metrics(self):
# with mem metrics enabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(skip_memory_metrics=False)
self.check_mem_metrics(trainer, self.assertIn)
# with mem metrics disabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(skip_memory_metrics=True)
self.check_mem_metrics(trainer, self.assertNotIn)
@require_torch_gpu
def test_fp16_full_eval(self):
# this is a sensitive test so let's keep debugging printouts in place for quick diagnosis.
# it's using pretty large safety margins, but small enough to detect broken functionality.
debug = 0
n_gpus = get_gpu_count()
bs = 8
eval_len = 16 * n_gpus
# make the params somewhat big so that there will be enough RAM consumed to be able to
# measure things. We should get about 64KB for a+b in fp32
a = torch.ones(1000, bs) + 0.001
b = torch.ones(1000, bs) - 0.001
# 1. with fp16_full_eval disabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, skip_memory_metrics=False)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
del trainer
gc.collect()
fp32_init = metrics["init_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
fp32_eval = metrics["eval_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
if debug:
print(f"fp32_init {fp32_init}")
print(f"fp32_eval {fp32_eval}")
# here we expect the model to be preloaded in trainer.__init__ and consume around 64K gpu ram.
# perfect world: fp32_init == 64<<10
self.assertGreater(fp32_init, 59_000)
# after eval should be no extra memory allocated - with a small margin (other than the peak
# memory consumption for the forward calculation that gets recovered)
# perfect world: fp32_eval == close to zero
self.assertLess(fp32_eval, 5_000)
# 2. with fp16_full_eval enabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, fp16_full_eval=True, skip_memory_metrics=False)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
fp16_init = metrics["init_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
fp16_eval = metrics["eval_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
if debug:
print(f"fp16_init {fp16_init}")
print(f"fp16_eval {fp16_eval}")
# here we expect the model to not be preloaded in trainer.__init__, so with a small margin it should be close to 0
# perfect world: fp16_init == close to zero
self.assertLess(fp16_init, 5_000)
# here we put the model on device in eval and only `half()` of it, i.e. about 32K,(again we ignore the peak margin which gets returned back)
# perfect world: fp32_init == 32<<10
self.assertGreater(fp16_eval, 27_000)
# 3. relative comparison fp32 vs full fp16
# should be about half of fp16_init
# perfect world: fp32_init/2 == fp16_eval
self.assertAlmostEqual(fp16_eval, fp32_init / 2, delta=5_000)
@require_torch_non_multi_gpu
@require_torchdynamo
@require_torch_tensorrt_fx
def test_torchdynamo_full_eval(self):
import torchdynamo
# torchdynamo at the moment doesn't support DP/DDP, therefore require a single gpu
n_gpus = get_gpu_count()
bs = 8
eval_len = 16 * n_gpus
# make the params are somewhat big so that there will be enough RAM consumed to be able to
# measure things. We should get about 64KB for a+b in fp32
a = torch.ones(1000, bs) + 0.001
b = torch.ones(1000, bs) - 0.001
# 1. Default - without TorchDynamo
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
original_eval_loss = metrics["eval_loss"]
del trainer
# 2. TorchDynamo eager
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, torchdynamo="eager")
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
self.assertAlmostEqual(metrics["eval_loss"], original_eval_loss)
del trainer
torchdynamo.reset()
# 3. TorchDynamo nvfuser
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, torchdynamo="nvfuser")
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
self.assertAlmostEqual(metrics["eval_loss"], original_eval_loss)
torchdynamo.reset()
# 4. TorchDynamo fx2trt
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, torchdynamo="fx2trt")
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
self.assertAlmostEqual(metrics["eval_loss"], original_eval_loss)
torchdynamo.reset()
@unittest.skip("torch 2.0.0 gives `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'torchdynamo'`.")
@require_torch_non_multi_gpu
@require_torchdynamo
def test_torchdynamo_memory(self):
# torchdynamo at the moment doesn't support DP/DDP, therefore require a single gpu
import torchdynamo
class CustomTrainer(Trainer):
def compute_loss(self, model, inputs, return_outputs=False):
x = inputs["x"]
output = model(x)
if self.args.n_gpu == 1:
return output.mean()
return output
class MyModule(torch.nn.Module):
"""Simple module that does aggressive fusion"""
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def forward(self, x):
for _ in range(20):
x = torch.cos(x)
return x
mod = MyModule()
# 1. without TorchDynamo (eager baseline)
a = torch.ones(1024, 1024, device="cuda", requires_grad=True)
a.grad = None
trainer = CustomTrainer(model=mod)
# warmup
for _ in range(10):
orig_loss = trainer.training_step(mod, {"x": a})
# resets
gc.collect()
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats()
orig_loss = trainer.training_step(mod, {"x": a})
orig_peak_mem = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated()
torchdynamo.reset()
del trainer
# 2. TorchDynamo nvfuser
a = torch.ones(1024, 1024, device="cuda", requires_grad=True)
a.grad = None
args = TrainingArguments(output_dir="None", torchdynamo="nvfuser")
trainer = CustomTrainer(model=mod, args=args)
# warmup
for _ in range(10):
loss = trainer.training_step(mod, {"x": a})
# resets
gc.collect()
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats()
loss = trainer.training_step(mod, {"x": a})
peak_mem = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated()
torchdynamo.reset()
del trainer
# Functional check
self.assertAlmostEqual(loss, orig_loss)
# AOT Autograd recomputaion and nvfuser recomputation optimization
# aggressively fuses the operations and reduce the memory footprint.
self.assertGreater(orig_peak_mem, peak_mem * 2)
@require_torch_gpu
@require_torch_bf16_gpu
def test_bf16_full_eval(self):
# note: most of the logic is the same as test_fp16_full_eval
# this is a sensitive test so let's keep debugging printouts in place for quick diagnosis.
# it's using pretty large safety margins, but small enough to detect broken functionality.
debug = 0
n_gpus = get_gpu_count()
bs = 8
eval_len = 16 * n_gpus
# make the params somewhat big so that there will be enough RAM consumed to be able to
# measure things. We should get about 64KB for a+b in fp32
a = torch.ones(1000, bs) + 0.001
b = torch.ones(1000, bs) - 0.001
# 1. with bf16_full_eval disabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, skip_memory_metrics=False)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
del trainer
gc.collect()
fp32_init = metrics["init_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
fp32_eval = metrics["eval_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
if debug:
print(f"fp32_init {fp32_init}")
print(f"fp32_eval {fp32_eval}")
# here we expect the model to be preloaded in trainer.__init__ and consume around 64K gpu ram.
# perfect world: fp32_init == 64<<10
self.assertGreater(fp32_init, 59_000)
# after eval should be no extra memory allocated - with a small margin (other than the peak
# memory consumption for the forward calculation that gets recovered)
# perfect world: fp32_eval == close to zero
self.assertLess(fp32_eval, 5_000)
# 2. with bf16_full_eval enabled
trainer = get_regression_trainer(a=a, b=b, eval_len=eval_len, bf16_full_eval=True, skip_memory_metrics=False)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
bf16_init = metrics["init_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
bf16_eval = metrics["eval_mem_gpu_alloc_delta"]
if debug:
print(f"bf16_init {bf16_init}")
print(f"bf16_eval {bf16_eval}")
# here we expect the model to not be preloaded in trainer.__init__, so with a small margin it should be close to 0
# perfect world: bf16_init == close to zero
self.assertLess(bf16_init, 5_000)
# here we put the model on device in eval and only `half()` of it, i.e. about 32K,(again we ignore the peak margin which gets returned back)
# perfect world: fp32_init == 32<<10
self.assertGreater(bf16_eval, 27_000)
# 3. relative comparison fp32 vs full bf16
# should be about half of bf16_init
# perfect world: fp32_init/2 == bf16_eval
self.assertAlmostEqual(bf16_eval, fp32_init / 2, delta=5_000)
def test_no_wd_param_group(self):
model = nn.Sequential(TstLayer(128), nn.ModuleList([TstLayer(128), TstLayer(128)]))
trainer = Trainer(model=model)
trainer.create_optimizer_and_scheduler(10)
# fmt: off
wd_names = ['0.linear1.weight', '0.linear2.weight', '1.0.linear1.weight', '1.0.linear2.weight', '1.1.linear1.weight', '1.1.linear2.weight']
# fmt: on
wd_params = [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n in wd_names]
no_wd_params = [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n not in wd_names]
self.assertListEqual(trainer.optimizer.param_groups[0]["params"], wd_params)
self.assertListEqual(trainer.optimizer.param_groups[1]["params"], no_wd_params)
@slow
@require_torch_multi_gpu
def test_end_to_end_example(self):
# Tests that `translation.py` will run without issues
script_path = os.path.abspath(
os.path.join(
os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", "examples", "pytorch", "translation", "run_translation.py"
)
)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
command = [
"accelerate",
"launch",
script_path,
"--model_name_or_path",
"t5-small",
"--per_device_train_batch_size",
"1",
"--output_dir",
tmpdir,
"--overwrite_output_dir",
"--do_train",
"--max_train_samples",
"64",
"--num_train_epochs",
"1",
"--dataset_name",
"wmt16",
"--dataset_config",
"ro-en",
"--source_lang",
"en",
"--target_lang",
"ro",
"--do_predict",
"--max_predict_samples",
"64",
"--predict_with_generate",
"--ddp_timeout",
"60",
]
execute_subprocess_async(command)
# successful return here == success - any errors would have caused an error or a timeout in the sub-call
@require_torch
@is_staging_test
class TrainerIntegrationWithHubTester(unittest.TestCase):
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
cls._token = TOKEN
HfFolder.save_token(TOKEN)
@classmethod
def tearDownClass(cls):
for model in ["test-trainer", "test-trainer-epoch", "test-trainer-step"]:
try:
delete_repo(token=cls._token, repo_id=model)
except HTTPError:
pass
try:
delete_repo(token=cls._token, repo_id="valid_org/test-trainer-org")
except HTTPError:
pass
def test_push_to_hub(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "test-trainer"),
push_to_hub=True,
hub_token=self._token,
)
url = trainer.push_to_hub()
# Extract repo_name from the url
re_search = re.search(ENDPOINT_STAGING + r"/([^/]+/[^/]+)/", url)
self.assertTrue(re_search is not None)
repo_name = re_search.groups()[0]
self.assertEqual(repo_name, f"{USER}/test-trainer")
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained(repo_name)
self.assertEqual(model.a.item(), trainer.model.a.item())
self.assertEqual(model.b.item(), trainer.model.b.item())
def test_push_to_hub_in_organization(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(output_dir=tmp_dir)
trainer.save_model()
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "test-trainer-org"),
push_to_hub=True,
hub_model_id="valid_org/test-trainer-org",
hub_token=self._token,
)
url = trainer.push_to_hub()
# Extract repo_name from the url
re_search = re.search(ENDPOINT_STAGING + r"/([^/]+/[^/]+)/", url)
self.assertTrue(re_search is not None)
repo_name = re_search.groups()[0]
self.assertEqual(repo_name, "valid_org/test-trainer-org")
model = RegressionPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained("valid_org/test-trainer-org")
self.assertEqual(model.a.item(), trainer.model.a.item())
self.assertEqual(model.b.item(), trainer.model.b.item())
def get_commit_history(self, repo):
commit_logs = subprocess.run(
"git log".split(),
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
check=True,
encoding="utf-8",
cwd=repo,
).stdout
commits = commit_logs.split("\n\n")[1::2]
return [commit.strip() for commit in commits]
def test_push_to_hub_with_saves_each_epoch(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "test-trainer-epoch"),
push_to_hub=True,
hub_token=self._token,
save_strategy="epoch",
)
trainer.train()
# Wait for the async pushes to be finished
while trainer.push_in_progress is not None and not trainer.push_in_progress.is_done:
time.sleep(0.5)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
_ = Repository(tmp_dir, clone_from=f"{USER}/test-trainer-epoch", token=self._token)
commits = self.get_commit_history(tmp_dir)
self.assertIn("initial commit", commits)
# We can't test that epoch 2 and 3 are in the commits without being flaky as those might be skipped if
# the push for epoch 1 wasn't finished at the time.
self.assertIn("Training in progress, epoch 1", commits)
def test_push_to_hub_with_saves_each_n_steps(self):
num_gpus = max(1, get_gpu_count())
if num_gpus > 2:
return
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "test-trainer-step"),
push_to_hub=True,
hub_token=self._token,
save_strategy="steps",
save_steps=5,
)
trainer.train()
# Wait for the async pushes to be finished
while trainer.push_in_progress is not None and not trainer.push_in_progress.is_done:
time.sleep(0.5)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
_ = Repository(tmp_dir, clone_from=f"{USER}/test-trainer-step", token=self._token)
commits = self.get_commit_history(tmp_dir)
self.assertIn("initial commit", commits)
# We can't test that epoch 2 and 3 are in the commits without being flaky as those might be skipped if
# the push for epoch 1 wasn't finished at the time.
self.assertIn("Training in progress, step 5", commits)
@require_torch
@require_optuna
class TrainerHyperParameterOptunaIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
def test_hyperparameter_search(self):
class MyTrialShortNamer(TrialShortNamer):
DEFAULTS = {"a": 0, "b": 0}
def hp_space(trial):
return {}
def model_init(trial):
if trial is not None:
a = trial.suggest_int("a", -4, 4)
b = trial.suggest_int("b", -4, 4)
else:
a = 0
b = 0
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b, double_output=False)
return RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
def hp_name(trial):
return MyTrialShortNamer.shortname(trial.params)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
learning_rate=0.1,
logging_steps=1,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
save_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
num_train_epochs=4,
disable_tqdm=True,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
logging_dir="runs",
run_name="test",
model_init=model_init,
)
trainer.hyperparameter_search(direction="minimize", hp_space=hp_space, hp_name=hp_name, n_trials=4)
@require_torch
@require_ray
class TrainerHyperParameterRayIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
def ray_hyperparameter_search(self):
class MyTrialShortNamer(TrialShortNamer):
DEFAULTS = {"a": 0, "b": 0}
def hp_space(trial):
from ray import tune
return {
"a": tune.randint(-4, 4),
"b": tune.randint(-4, 4),
}
def model_init(config):
if config is None:
a = 0
b = 0
else:
a = config["a"]
b = config["b"]
model_config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b, double_output=False)
return RegressionPreTrainedModel(model_config)
def hp_name(params):
return MyTrialShortNamer.shortname(params)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
learning_rate=0.1,
logging_steps=1,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
save_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
num_train_epochs=4,
disable_tqdm=True,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
logging_dir="runs",
run_name="test",
model_init=model_init,
)
trainer.hyperparameter_search(
direction="minimize", hp_space=hp_space, hp_name=hp_name, backend="ray", n_trials=4
)
def test_hyperparameter_search(self):
self.ray_hyperparameter_search()
def test_hyperparameter_search_ray_client(self):
import ray
from ray.util.client.ray_client_helpers import ray_start_client_server
with ray_start_client_server():
assert ray.util.client.ray.is_connected()
self.ray_hyperparameter_search()
@slow
@require_torch
@require_sigopt
class TrainerHyperParameterSigOptIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
def test_hyperparameter_search(self):
class MyTrialShortNamer(TrialShortNamer):
DEFAULTS = {"a": 0, "b": 0}
def hp_space(trial):
return [
{"bounds": {"min": -4, "max": 4}, "name": "a", "type": "int"},
{"bounds": {"min": -4, "max": 4}, "name": "b", "type": "int"},
]
def model_init(trial):
if trial is not None:
a = trial.assignments["a"]
b = trial.assignments["b"]
else:
a = 0
b = 0
config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b, double_output=False)
return RegressionPreTrainedModel(config)
def hp_name(trial):
return MyTrialShortNamer.shortname(trial.assignments)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
learning_rate=0.1,
logging_steps=1,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
save_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
num_train_epochs=4,
disable_tqdm=True,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
logging_dir="runs",
run_name="test",
model_init=model_init,
)
trainer.hyperparameter_search(
direction="minimize", hp_space=hp_space, hp_name=hp_name, backend="sigopt", n_trials=4
)
optim_test_params = []
if is_torch_available():
default_adam_kwargs = {
"betas": (TrainingArguments.adam_beta1, TrainingArguments.adam_beta2),
"eps": TrainingArguments.adam_epsilon,
"lr": TrainingArguments.learning_rate,
}
default_lion_kwargs = {
"betas": (TrainingArguments.adam_beta1, TrainingArguments.adam_beta2),
"lr": TrainingArguments.learning_rate,
}
default_anyprecision_kwargs = {
"use_kahan_summation": False,
"momentum_dtype": torch.float32,
"variance_dtype": torch.float32,
"compensation_buffer_dtype": torch.bfloat16,
}
optim_test_params = [
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_HF, output_dir="None"),
transformers.optimization.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
),
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_HF.value, output_dir="None"),
transformers.optimization.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
),
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_TORCH, output_dir="None"),
torch.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
),
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAFACTOR, output_dir="None"),
transformers.optimization.Adafactor,
{
"scale_parameter": False,
"relative_step": False,
"lr": TrainingArguments.learning_rate,
},
),
]
if is_apex_available():
import apex
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_APEX_FUSED, output_dir="None"),
apex.optimizers.FusedAdam,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
)
if is_bitsandbytes_available():
import bitsandbytes as bnb
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_BNB, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.LION, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.LION_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
)
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_LION_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
bnb.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
)
if is_torchdistx_available():
import torchdistx
optim_test_params.append(
(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_ANYPRECISION, output_dir="None"),
torchdistx.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW,
dict(default_adam_kwargs, **default_anyprecision_kwargs),
)
)
@require_torch
class TrainerOptimizerChoiceTest(unittest.TestCase):
def check_optim_and_kwargs(self, training_args: TrainingArguments, expected_cls, expected_kwargs):
actual_cls, optim_kwargs = Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(training_args)
self.assertEqual(expected_cls, actual_cls)
self.assertIsNotNone(optim_kwargs)
for p, v in expected_kwargs.items():
self.assertTrue(p in optim_kwargs)
actual_v = optim_kwargs[p]
self.assertTrue(actual_v == v, f"Failed check for {p}. Expected {v}, but got {actual_v}.")
@parameterized.expand(optim_test_params, skip_on_empty=True)
def test_optim_supported(self, training_args: TrainingArguments, expected_cls, expected_kwargs):
# exercises all the valid --optim options
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(training_args, expected_cls, expected_kwargs)
trainer = get_regression_trainer(**training_args.to_dict())
trainer.train()
def test_fused_adam(self):
# Pretend that apex is installed and mock apex.optimizers.FusedAdam exists.
# Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs does not use FusedAdam. It only has to return the
# class given, so mocking apex.optimizers.FusedAdam should be fine for testing and allow
# the test to run without requiring an apex installation.
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"apex": mock,
"apex.optimizers": mock.optimizers,
"apex.optimizers.FusedAdam": mock.optimizers.FusedAdam,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_APEX_FUSED, output_dir="None"),
mock.optimizers.FusedAdam,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
def test_fused_adam_no_apex(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_APEX_FUSED, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that apex does not exist, even if installed. By setting apex to None, importing
# apex will fail even if apex is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"apex.optimizers": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_bnb_adam8bit(self):
# Pretend that Bits and Bytes is installed and mock bnb.optim.Adam8bit exists.
# Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs does not use Adam8bit. It only has to return the
# class given, so mocking bnb.optim.Adam8bit should be fine for testing and allow
# the test to run without requiring a bnb installation.
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.AdamW": mock.optim.AdamW,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_BNB, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_paged_adam8bit_alias(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.AdamW": mock.optim.AdamW,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_paged_adam(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.AdamW": mock.optim.AdamW,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_paged_adam8bit(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.AdamW": mock.optim.AdamW,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.AdamW,
default_adam_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_lion(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.Lion": mock.optim.Lion,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.LION, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_lion8bit(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.Lion": mock.optim.Lion,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.LION_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_paged_lion8bit(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.Lion": mock.optim.Lion,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_LION_8BIT, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_paged_lion(self):
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"bitsandbytes": mock,
"bitsandbytes.optim": mock.optim,
"bitsandbytes.optim.Lion": mock.optim.Lion,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_LION, output_dir="None"),
mock.optim.Lion,
default_lion_kwargs,
)
def test_bnb_adam8bit_no_bnb(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_BNB, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that bnb does not exist, even if installed. By setting bnb to None, importing
# bnb will fail even if bnb is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"bitsandbytes.optim": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_bnb_paged_adam_no_bnb(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that bnb does not exist, even if installed. By setting bnb to None, importing
# bnb will fail even if bnb is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"bitsandbytes.optim": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_bnb_paged_adam8bit_no_bnb(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_ADAMW_8BIT, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that bnb does not exist, even if installed. By setting bnb to None, importing
# bnb will fail even if bnb is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"bitsandbytes.optim": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_bnb_paged_lion_no_bnb(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_LION, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that bnb does not exist, even if installed. By setting bnb to None, importing
# bnb will fail even if bnb is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"bitsandbytes.optim": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_bnb_paged_lion8bit_no_bnb(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.PAGED_LION_8BIT, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that bnb does not exist, even if installed. By setting bnb to None, importing
# bnb will fail even if bnb is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"bitsandbytes.optim": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
def test_anyprecision_adamw(self):
# Pretend that torchdistx is installed and mock torchdistx.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW exists.
# Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs does not use AnyPrecisioinAdamW. It only has to return the
# class given, so mocking torchdistx.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW should be fine for testing and allow
# the test to run without requiring a bnb installation.
mock = Mock()
modules = {
"torchdistx": mock,
"torchdistx.optimizers": mock.optimizers,
"torchdistx.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW.": mock.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW,
}
with patch.dict("sys.modules", modules):
self.check_optim_and_kwargs(
TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_ANYPRECISION, output_dir="None"),
mock.optimizers.AnyPrecisionAdamW,
dict(default_adam_kwargs, **default_anyprecision_kwargs),
)
def test_no_torchdistx_anyprecision_adamw(self):
args = TrainingArguments(optim=OptimizerNames.ADAMW_ANYPRECISION, output_dir="None")
# Pretend that torchdistx does not exist, even if installed. By setting torchdistx to None, importing
# torchdistx.optimizers will fail even if torchdistx is installed.
with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"torchdistx.optimizers": None}):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
Trainer.get_optimizer_cls_and_kwargs(args)
@require_torch
@require_wandb
class TrainerHyperParameterWandbIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
args = TrainingArguments("..")
self.n_epochs = args.num_train_epochs
self.batch_size = args.train_batch_size
def test_hyperparameter_search(self):
class MyTrialShortNamer(TrialShortNamer):
DEFAULTS = {"a": 0, "b": 0}
def hp_space(trial):
return {
"method": "random",
"metric": {},
"parameters": {
"a": {"distribution": "uniform", "min": 1e-6, "max": 1e-4},
"b": {"distribution": "int_uniform", "min": 1, "max": 6},
},
}
def model_init(config):
if config is None:
a = 0
b = 0
else:
a = config["a"]
b = config["b"]
model_config = RegressionModelConfig(a=a, b=b, double_output=False)
return RegressionPreTrainedModel(model_config)
def hp_name(params):
return MyTrialShortNamer.shortname(params)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
trainer = get_regression_trainer(
output_dir=tmp_dir,
learning_rate=0.1,
logging_steps=1,
evaluation_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
save_strategy=IntervalStrategy.EPOCH,
num_train_epochs=4,
disable_tqdm=True,
load_best_model_at_end=True,
logging_dir="runs",
run_name="test",
model_init=model_init,
)
trainer.hyperparameter_search(
direction="minimize", hp_space=hp_space, hp_name=hp_name, backend="wandb", n_trials=4, anonymous="must"
)
class HyperParameterSearchBackendsTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_hyperparameter_search_backends(self):
self.assertEqual(
list(ALL_HYPERPARAMETER_SEARCH_BACKENDS.keys()),
list(HPSearchBackend),
)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer_distributed.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from typing import Dict
import numpy as np
from transformers import EvalPrediction, HfArgumentParser, TrainingArguments, is_torch_available
from transformers.testing_utils import (
TestCasePlus,
execute_subprocess_async,
get_torch_dist_unique_port,
require_torch_multi_gpu,
require_torch_neuroncore,
require_torch_npu,
)
from transformers.training_args import ParallelMode
from transformers.utils import logging
logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)
if is_torch_available():
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, IterableDataset
from transformers import Trainer
class DummyDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, length: int = 101):
self.length = length
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i) -> int:
return i
class DummyDataCollator:
def __call__(self, features):
return {"input_ids": torch.tensor(features), "labels": torch.tensor(features)}
class DummyModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# Add some (unused) params otherwise DDP will complain.
self.fc = nn.Linear(120, 80)
def forward(self, input_ids, labels=None):
if labels is not None:
return torch.tensor(0.0, device=input_ids.device), input_ids
else:
return input_ids
class RegressionModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, a=0, b=0, double_output=False):
super().__init__()
self.a = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(a).float())
self.b = nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(b).float())
self.double_output = double_output
self.config = None
def forward(self, input_x, labels=None, **kwargs):
y = input_x * self.a + self.b
if labels is None:
return (y, y) if self.double_output else (y,)
loss = nn.functional.mse_loss(y, labels)
return (loss, y, y) if self.double_output else (loss, y)
class SampleIterableDataset(IterableDataset):
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
self.dataset = RegressionDataset(a=a, b=b, length=length, seed=seed, label_names=label_names)
def __iter__(self):
for i in range(len(self.dataset)):
yield self.dataset[i]
class FiniteIterableDataset(SampleIterableDataset):
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
super().__init__(a, b, length, seed, label_names)
self.current_sample = 0
def __iter__(self):
while self.current_sample < len(self.dataset):
yield self.dataset[self.current_sample]
self.current_sample += 1
class RegressionDataset:
def __init__(self, a=2, b=3, length=64, seed=42, label_names=None):
np.random.seed(seed)
self.label_names = ["labels"] if label_names is None else label_names
self.length = length
self.x = np.random.normal(size=(length,)).astype(np.float32)
self.ys = [a * self.x + b + np.random.normal(scale=0.1, size=(length,)) for _ in self.label_names]
self.ys = [y.astype(np.float32) for y in self.ys]
def __len__(self):
return self.length
def __getitem__(self, i):
result = {name: y[i] for name, y in zip(self.label_names, self.ys)}
result["input_x"] = self.x[i]
return result
class TestTrainerDistributedNeuronCore(TestCasePlus):
@require_torch_neuroncore
def test_trainer(self):
distributed_args = f"""--nproc_per_node=2
--master_port={get_torch_dist_unique_port()}
{self.test_file_dir}/test_trainer_distributed.py
""".split()
output_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = f"--output_dir {output_dir}".split()
cmd = ["torchrun"] + distributed_args + args
execute_subprocess_async(cmd, env=self.get_env())
# successful return here == success - any errors would have caused an error in the sub-call
class TestTrainerDistributedNPU(TestCasePlus):
@require_torch_npu
def test_trainer(self):
distributed_args = f"""--nproc_per_node=2
--master_port={get_torch_dist_unique_port()}
{self.test_file_dir}/test_trainer_distributed.py
""".split()
output_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = f"--output_dir {output_dir}".split()
cmd = ["torchrun"] + distributed_args + args
execute_subprocess_async(cmd, env=self.get_env())
# successful return here == success - any errors would have caused an error in the sub-call
class TestTrainerDistributed(TestCasePlus):
@require_torch_multi_gpu
def test_trainer(self):
distributed_args = f"""--nproc_per_node={torch.cuda.device_count()}
--master_port={get_torch_dist_unique_port()}
{self.test_file_dir}/test_trainer_distributed.py
""".split()
output_dir = self.get_auto_remove_tmp_dir()
args = f"--output_dir {output_dir}".split()
cmd = ["torchrun"] + distributed_args + args
execute_subprocess_async(cmd, env=self.get_env())
# successful return here == success - any errors would have caused an error in the sub-call
if __name__ == "__main__":
# The script below is meant to be run under torch.distributed, on a machine with multiple GPUs:
#
# PYTHONPATH="src" python -m torch.distributed.run --nproc_per_node 2 --output_dir output_dir ./tests/test_trainer_distributed.py
parser = HfArgumentParser((TrainingArguments,))
training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()[0]
logger.warning(
f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, n_gpu: {training_args.n_gpu}, "
f"distributed training: {training_args.parallel_mode != ParallelMode.NOT_DISTRIBUTED}"
)
# Essentially, what we want to verify in the distributed case is that we get all samples back,
# in the right order. (this is crucial for prediction for instance)
for dataset_length in [101, 40, 7]:
dataset = DummyDataset(dataset_length)
def compute_metrics(p: EvalPrediction) -> Dict:
sequential = list(range(len(dataset)))
success = p.predictions.tolist() == sequential and p.label_ids.tolist() == sequential
if not success and training_args.local_rank == 0:
logger.warning(
"Predictions and/or labels do not match expected results:\n - predictions: "
f"{p.predictions.tolist()}\n - labels: {p.label_ids.tolist()}\n - expected: {sequential}"
)
return {"success": success}
trainer = Trainer(
model=DummyModel(),
args=training_args,
data_collator=DummyDataCollator(),
eval_dataset=dataset,
compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
)
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
logger.info(metrics)
if metrics["eval_success"] is not True:
logger.error(metrics)
exit(1)
p = trainer.predict(dataset)
logger.info(p.metrics)
if p.metrics["test_success"] is not True:
logger.error(p.metrics)
exit(1)
trainer.args.eval_accumulation_steps = 2
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
logger.info(metrics)
if metrics["eval_success"] is not True:
logger.error(metrics)
exit(1)
p = trainer.predict(dataset)
logger.info(p.metrics)
if p.metrics["test_success"] is not True:
logger.error(p.metrics)
exit(1)
trainer.args.eval_accumulation_steps = None
# Check that `dispatch_batches=False` will work on a finite iterable dataset
train_dataset = FiniteIterableDataset(label_names=["labels", "extra"], length=1)
model = RegressionModel()
training_args.per_device_train_batch_size = 1
training_args.max_steps = 1
training_args.dispatch_batches = False
trainer = Trainer(model, training_args, train_dataset=train_dataset)
trainer.train()
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/trainer/test_trainer_utils.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 the HuggingFace Inc. team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import copy
import unittest
import numpy as np
from transformers.data.data_collator import default_data_collator
from transformers.testing_utils import require_accelerate, require_torch
from transformers.trainer_utils import RemoveColumnsCollator, find_executable_batch_size
from transformers.utils import is_torch_available
if is_torch_available():
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import IterableDataset
from transformers.modeling_outputs import SequenceClassifierOutput
from transformers.tokenization_utils_base import BatchEncoding
from transformers.trainer_pt_utils import (
DistributedLengthGroupedSampler,
DistributedSamplerWithLoop,
DistributedTensorGatherer,
IterableDatasetShard,
LabelSmoother,
LengthGroupedSampler,
SequentialDistributedSampler,
ShardSampler,
get_parameter_names,
numpy_pad_and_concatenate,
torch_pad_and_concatenate,
)
class TstLayer(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, hidden_size):
super().__init__()
self.linear1 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
self.ln1 = nn.LayerNorm(hidden_size)
self.linear2 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
self.ln2 = nn.LayerNorm(hidden_size)
self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(hidden_size))
def forward(self, x):
h = self.ln1(nn.functional.relu(self.linear1(x)))
h = nn.functional.relu(self.linear2(x))
return self.ln2(x + h + self.bias)
class RandomIterableDataset(IterableDataset):
# For testing, an iterable dataset of random length
def __init__(self, p_stop=0.01, max_length=1000):
self.p_stop = p_stop
self.max_length = max_length
self.generator = torch.Generator()
def __iter__(self):
count = 0
stop = False
while not stop and count < self.max_length:
yield count
count += 1
number = torch.rand(1, generator=self.generator).item()
stop = number < self.p_stop
@require_torch
class TrainerUtilsTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_distributed_tensor_gatherer(self):
# Simulate a result with a dataset of size 21, 4 processes and chunks of lengths 2, 3, 1
world_size = 4
num_samples = 21
input_indices = [
[0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 19],
[2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 20, 0, 1],
[5, 11, 17, 2],
]
predictions = np.random.normal(size=(num_samples, 13))
gatherer = DistributedTensorGatherer(world_size=world_size, num_samples=num_samples)
for indices in input_indices:
gatherer.add_arrays(predictions[indices])
result = gatherer.finalize()
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result, predictions))
# With nested tensors
gatherer = DistributedTensorGatherer(world_size=world_size, num_samples=num_samples)
for indices in input_indices:
gatherer.add_arrays([predictions[indices], [predictions[indices], predictions[indices]]])
result = gatherer.finalize()
self.assertTrue(isinstance(result, list))
self.assertEqual(len(result), 2)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(result[1], list))
self.assertEqual(len(result[1]), 2)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[0], predictions))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[1][0], predictions))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[1][1], predictions))
def test_distributed_tensor_gatherer_different_shapes(self):
# Simulate a result with a dataset of size 21, 4 processes and chunks of lengths 2, 3, 1
world_size = 4
num_samples = 21
input_indices = [
[0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 19],
[2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 20, 0, 1],
[5, 11, 17, 2],
]
sequence_lengths = [8, 10, 13]
predictions = np.random.normal(size=(num_samples, 13))
gatherer = DistributedTensorGatherer(world_size=world_size, num_samples=num_samples)
for indices, seq_length in zip(input_indices, sequence_lengths):
gatherer.add_arrays(predictions[indices, :seq_length])
result = gatherer.finalize()
# Remove the extra samples added at the end for a round multiple of num processes.
actual_indices = [input_indices[0], input_indices[1][:-2], input_indices[2][:-1]]
for indices, seq_length in zip(actual_indices, sequence_lengths):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[indices, :seq_length], predictions[indices, :seq_length]))
# With nested tensors
predictions = np.random.normal(size=(num_samples, 13))
gatherer = DistributedTensorGatherer(world_size=world_size, num_samples=num_samples)
for indices, seq_length in zip(input_indices, sequence_lengths):
gatherer.add_arrays([predictions[indices, :seq_length], predictions[indices]])
result = gatherer.finalize()
for indices, seq_length in zip(actual_indices, sequence_lengths):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[0][indices, :seq_length], predictions[indices, :seq_length]))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[1], predictions))
# Check if works if varying seq_length is second
gatherer = DistributedTensorGatherer(world_size=world_size, num_samples=num_samples)
for indices, seq_length in zip(input_indices, sequence_lengths):
gatherer.add_arrays([predictions[indices], predictions[indices, :seq_length]])
result = gatherer.finalize()
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[0], predictions))
for indices, seq_length in zip(actual_indices, sequence_lengths):
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(result[1][indices, :seq_length], predictions[indices, :seq_length]))
def test_label_smoothing(self):
epsilon = 0.1
num_labels = 12
random_logits = torch.randn(4, 5, num_labels)
random_labels = torch.randint(0, num_labels, (4, 5))
loss = nn.functional.cross_entropy(random_logits.view(-1, num_labels), random_labels.view(-1))
model_output = SequenceClassifierOutput(logits=random_logits)
label_smoothed_loss = LabelSmoother(0.1)(model_output, random_labels)
log_probs = -nn.functional.log_softmax(random_logits, dim=-1)
expected_loss = (1 - epsilon) * loss + epsilon * log_probs.mean()
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(label_smoothed_loss, expected_loss))
# With a few -100 labels
random_labels[0, 1] = -100
random_labels[2, 1] = -100
random_labels[2, 3] = -100
loss = nn.functional.cross_entropy(random_logits.view(-1, num_labels), random_labels.view(-1))
model_output = SequenceClassifierOutput(logits=random_logits)
label_smoothed_loss = LabelSmoother(0.1)(model_output, random_labels)
log_probs = -nn.functional.log_softmax(random_logits, dim=-1)
# Mask the log probs with the -100 labels
log_probs[0, 1] = 0.0
log_probs[2, 1] = 0.0
log_probs[2, 3] = 0.0
expected_loss = (1 - epsilon) * loss + epsilon * log_probs.sum() / (num_labels * 17)
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(label_smoothed_loss, expected_loss))
def test_group_by_length(self):
# Get some inputs of random lengths
lengths = torch.randint(0, 25, (100,)).tolist()
# Put one bigger than the others to check it ends up in first position
lengths[32] = 50
indices = list(LengthGroupedSampler(4, lengths=lengths))
# The biggest element should be first
self.assertEqual(lengths[indices[0]], 50)
# The indices should be a permutation of range(100)
self.assertEqual(sorted(indices), list(range(100)))
def test_group_by_length_with_dict(self):
# Get some inputs of random lengths
data = []
for _ in range(6):
input_ids = torch.randint(0, 25, (100,)).tolist()
data.append({"input_ids": input_ids})
# Put one bigger than the others to check it ends up in first position
data[3]["input_ids"] = torch.randint(0, 25, (105,)).tolist()
indices = list(LengthGroupedSampler(4, dataset=data))
# The biggest element should be first
self.assertEqual(len(data[indices[0]]["input_ids"]), 105)
# The indices should be a permutation of range(6)
self.assertEqual(sorted(indices), list(range(6)))
def test_group_by_length_with_batch_encoding(self):
# Get some inputs of random lengths
data = []
for _ in range(6):
input_ids = torch.randint(0, 25, (100,)).tolist()
data.append(BatchEncoding({"input_ids": input_ids}))
# Put one bigger than the others to check it ends up in first position
data[3]["input_ids"] = torch.randint(0, 25, (105,)).tolist()
indices = list(LengthGroupedSampler(4, dataset=data))
# The biggest element should be first
self.assertEqual(len(data[indices[0]]["input_ids"]), 105)
# The indices should be a permutation of range(6)
self.assertEqual(sorted(indices), list(range(6)))
def test_distributed_length_grouped(self):
# Get some inputs of random lengths
lengths = torch.randint(0, 25, (100,)).tolist()
# Put one bigger than the others to check it ends up in first position
lengths[32] = 50
indices_process_0 = list(DistributedLengthGroupedSampler(4, num_replicas=2, rank=0, lengths=lengths))
indices_process_1 = list(DistributedLengthGroupedSampler(4, num_replicas=2, rank=1, lengths=lengths))
# The biggest element should be first
self.assertEqual(lengths[indices_process_0[0]], 50)
# The indices should be a permutation of range(100)
self.assertEqual(sorted(indices_process_0 + indices_process_1), list(range(100)))
def test_get_parameter_names(self):
model = nn.Sequential(TstLayer(128), nn.ModuleList([TstLayer(128), TstLayer(128)]))
# fmt: off
self.assertEqual(
get_parameter_names(model, [nn.LayerNorm]),
['0.linear1.weight', '0.linear1.bias', '0.linear2.weight', '0.linear2.bias', '0.bias', '1.0.linear1.weight', '1.0.linear1.bias', '1.0.linear2.weight', '1.0.linear2.bias', '1.0.bias', '1.1.linear1.weight', '1.1.linear1.bias', '1.1.linear2.weight', '1.1.linear2.bias', '1.1.bias']
)
# fmt: on
def test_distributed_sampler_with_loop(self):
batch_size = 16
for length in [23, 64, 123]:
dataset = list(range(length))
shard1 = DistributedSamplerWithLoop(dataset, batch_size, num_replicas=2, rank=0)
shard2 = DistributedSamplerWithLoop(dataset, batch_size, num_replicas=2, rank=1)
# Set seeds
shard1.set_epoch(0)
shard2.set_epoch(0)
# Sample
samples1 = list(shard1)
samples2 = list(shard2)
self.assertTrue(len(samples1) % batch_size == 0)
self.assertTrue(len(samples2) % batch_size == 0)
total = []
for sample1, sample2 in zip(samples1, samples2):
total += [sample1, sample2]
self.assertEqual(set(total[:length]), set(dataset))
self.assertEqual(set(total[length:]), set(total[: (len(total) - length)]))
def test_sequential_distributed_sampler(self):
batch_size = 16
for length in [23, 64, 123]:
dataset = list(range(length))
shard1 = SequentialDistributedSampler(dataset, num_replicas=2, rank=0)
shard2 = SequentialDistributedSampler(dataset, num_replicas=2, rank=1)
# Sample
samples1 = list(shard1)
samples2 = list(shard2)
total = samples1 + samples2
self.assertListEqual(total[:length], dataset)
self.assertListEqual(total[length:], dataset[: (len(total) - length)])
# With a batch_size passed
shard1 = SequentialDistributedSampler(dataset, num_replicas=2, rank=0, batch_size=batch_size)
shard2 = SequentialDistributedSampler(dataset, num_replicas=2, rank=1, batch_size=batch_size)
# Sample
samples1 = list(shard1)
samples2 = list(shard2)
self.assertTrue(len(samples1) % batch_size == 0)
self.assertTrue(len(samples2) % batch_size == 0)
total = samples1 + samples2
self.assertListEqual(total[:length], dataset)
self.assertListEqual(total[length:], dataset[: (len(total) - length)])
def check_iterable_dataset_shard(self, dataset, batch_size, drop_last, num_processes=2, epoch=0):
# Set the seed for the base dataset to get the proper reference.
dataset.generator.manual_seed(epoch)
reference = list(dataset)
shards = [
IterableDatasetShard(
dataset, batch_size=batch_size, drop_last=drop_last, num_processes=num_processes, process_index=i
)
for i in range(num_processes)
]
for shard in shards:
shard.set_epoch(epoch)
shard_lists = [list(shard) for shard in shards]
for shard in shard_lists:
# All shards have a number of samples that is a round multiple of batch size
self.assertTrue(len(shard) % batch_size == 0)
# All shards have the same number of samples
self.assertEqual(len(shard), len(shard_lists[0]))
for shard in shards:
# All shards know the total number of samples
self.assertEqual(shard.num_examples, len(reference))
observed = []
for idx in range(0, len(shard_lists[0]), batch_size):
for shard in shard_lists:
observed += shard[idx : idx + batch_size]
# If drop_last is False we loop through samples at the beginning to have a size that is a round multiple of
# batch_size
if not drop_last:
while len(reference) < len(observed):
reference += reference
self.assertListEqual(observed, reference[: len(observed)])
# Check equivalence between IterableDataset and ShardSampler
dataset.generator.manual_seed(epoch)
reference = list(dataset)
sampler_shards = [
ShardSampler(
reference, batch_size=batch_size, drop_last=drop_last, num_processes=num_processes, process_index=i
)
for i in range(num_processes)
]
for shard, sampler_shard in zip(shard_lists, sampler_shards):
self.assertListEqual(shard, list(sampler_shard))
def test_iterable_dataset_shard(self):
dataset = RandomIterableDataset()
self.check_iterable_dataset_shard(dataset, 4, drop_last=True, num_processes=2, epoch=0)
self.check_iterable_dataset_shard(dataset, 4, drop_last=False, num_processes=2, epoch=0)
self.check_iterable_dataset_shard(dataset, 4, drop_last=True, num_processes=3, epoch=42)
self.check_iterable_dataset_shard(dataset, 4, drop_last=False, num_processes=3, epoch=42)
def test_iterable_dataset_shard_with_length(self):
sampler_shards = [
IterableDatasetShard(list(range(100)), batch_size=4, drop_last=True, num_processes=2, process_index=i)
for i in range(2)
]
# Build expected shards: each process will have batches of size 4 until there is not enough elements to
# form two full batches (so we stop at 96 = (100 // (4 * 2)) * 4)
expected_shards = [[], []]
current_shard = 0
for i in range(0, 96, 4):
expected_shards[current_shard].extend(list(range(i, i + 4)))
current_shard = 1 - current_shard
self.assertListEqual([list(shard) for shard in sampler_shards], expected_shards)
self.assertListEqual([len(shard) for shard in sampler_shards], [len(shard) for shard in expected_shards])
sampler_shards = [
IterableDatasetShard(list(range(100)), batch_size=4, drop_last=False, num_processes=2, process_index=i)
for i in range(2)
]
# When drop_last=False, we get two last full batches by looping back to the beginning.
expected_shards[0].extend(list(range(96, 100)))
expected_shards[1].extend(list(range(0, 4)))
self.assertListEqual([list(shard) for shard in sampler_shards], expected_shards)
self.assertListEqual([len(shard) for shard in sampler_shards], [len(shard) for shard in expected_shards])
def check_shard_sampler(self, dataset, batch_size, drop_last, num_processes=2):
shards = [
ShardSampler(
dataset, batch_size=batch_size, drop_last=drop_last, num_processes=num_processes, process_index=i
)
for i in range(num_processes)
]
shard_lists = [list(shard) for shard in shards]
for shard in shard_lists:
# All shards have a number of samples that is a round multiple of batch size
self.assertTrue(len(shard) % batch_size == 0)
# All shards have the same number of samples
self.assertEqual(len(shard), len(shard_lists[0]))
observed = []
for idx in range(0, len(shard_lists[0]), batch_size):
for shard in shard_lists:
observed += shard[idx : idx + batch_size]
# If drop_last is False we loop through samples at the beginning to have a size that is a round multiple of
# batch_size
reference = copy.copy(dataset)
if not drop_last:
while len(reference) < len(observed):
reference += reference
self.assertListEqual(observed, reference[: len(observed)])
def test_shard_sampler(self):
for n_elements in [64, 123]:
dataset = list(range(n_elements))
self.check_shard_sampler(dataset, 4, drop_last=True, num_processes=2)
self.check_shard_sampler(dataset, 4, drop_last=False, num_processes=2)
self.check_shard_sampler(dataset, 4, drop_last=True, num_processes=3)
self.check_shard_sampler(dataset, 4, drop_last=False, num_processes=3)
@require_accelerate
def test_executable_batch_size(self):
batch_sizes = []
@find_executable_batch_size(starting_batch_size=64, auto_find_batch_size=True)
def mock_training_loop_function(batch_size):
nonlocal batch_sizes
batch_sizes.append(batch_size)
if batch_size > 16:
raise RuntimeError("CUDA out of memory.")
mock_training_loop_function()
self.assertEqual(batch_sizes, [64, 32, 16])
@require_accelerate
def test_executable_batch_size_no_search(self):
batch_sizes = []
@find_executable_batch_size(starting_batch_size=64, auto_find_batch_size=False)
def mock_training_loop_function(batch_size):
nonlocal batch_sizes
batch_sizes.append(batch_size)
mock_training_loop_function()
self.assertEqual(batch_sizes, [64])
@require_accelerate
def test_executable_batch_size_with_error(self):
@find_executable_batch_size(starting_batch_size=64, auto_find_batch_size=False)
def mock_training_loop_function(batch_size):
raise RuntimeError("CUDA out of memory.")
with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError) as cm:
mock_training_loop_function()
self.assertEqual("CUDA out of memory", cm.args[0])
def test_pad_and_concatenate_with_1d(self):
"""Tests whether pad_and_concatenate works with scalars."""
array1 = 1.0
array2 = 2.0
result = numpy_pad_and_concatenate(array1, array2)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(np.array([1.0, 2.0]), result))
tensor1 = torch.tensor(1.0)
tensor2 = torch.tensor(2.0)
result = torch_pad_and_concatenate(tensor1, tensor2)
self.assertTrue(torch.equal(result, torch.Tensor([1.0, 2.0])))
def test_remove_columns_collator(self):
class MockLogger:
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.called = 0
def info(self, msg):
self.called += 1
self.last_msg = msg
data_batch = [
{"col1": 1, "col2": 2, "col3": 3},
{"col1": 1, "col2": 2, "col3": 3},
]
logger = MockLogger()
remove_columns_collator = RemoveColumnsCollator(
default_data_collator, ["col1", "col2"], logger, "model", "training"
)
self.assertNotIn("col3", remove_columns_collator(data_batch))
# check that the logging message is printed out only once
remove_columns_collator(data_batch)
remove_columns_collator(data_batch)
self.assertEqual(logger.called, 1)
self.assertIn("col3", logger.last_msg)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/benchmark/test_benchmark.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import tempfile
import unittest
from pathlib import Path
from transformers import AutoConfig, is_torch_available
from transformers.testing_utils import require_torch, torch_device
if is_torch_available():
from transformers import PyTorchBenchmark, PyTorchBenchmarkArguments
@require_torch
class BenchmarkTest(unittest.TestCase):
def check_results_dict_not_empty(self, results):
for model_result in results.values():
for batch_size, sequence_length in zip(model_result["bs"], model_result["ss"]):
result = model_result["result"][batch_size][sequence_length]
self.assertIsNotNone(result)
def test_inference_no_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_no_configs_only_pretrain(self):
MODEL_ID = "sgugger/tiny-distilbert-classification"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
only_pretrain_model=True,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_torchscript(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
torchscript=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
@unittest.skipIf(torch_device == "cpu", "Cant do half precision")
def test_inference_fp16(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
fp16=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_no_model_no_architectures(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
# set architectures equal to `None`
config.architectures = None
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_train_no_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=False,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
@unittest.skipIf(torch_device == "cpu", "Can't do half precision")
def test_train_no_configs_fp16(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=False,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
fp16=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
def test_inference_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_encoder_decoder_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tinier_bart"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_train_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=False,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
def test_train_encoder_decoder_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tinier_bart"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
def test_save_csv_files(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=True,
save_to_csv=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
inference_time_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_time.csv"),
train_memory_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "train_mem.csv"),
inference_memory_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_mem.csv"),
train_time_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "train_time.csv"),
env_info_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "env.csv"),
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
benchmark.run()
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_time.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "train_time.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_mem.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "train_mem.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "env.csv")).exists())
def test_trace_memory(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
def _check_summary_is_not_empty(summary):
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "sequential"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "cumulative"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "current"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "total"))
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
benchmark_args = PyTorchBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
log_filename=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "log.txt"),
log_print=True,
trace_memory_line_by_line=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = PyTorchBenchmark(benchmark_args)
result = benchmark.run()
_check_summary_is_not_empty(result.inference_summary)
_check_summary_is_not_empty(result.train_summary)
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "log.txt")).exists())
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/benchmark/test_benchmark_tf.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import tempfile
import unittest
from pathlib import Path
from transformers import AutoConfig, is_tf_available
from transformers.testing_utils import require_tf
if is_tf_available():
import tensorflow as tf
from transformers import TensorFlowBenchmark, TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments
@require_tf
class TFBenchmarkTest(unittest.TestCase):
def check_results_dict_not_empty(self, results):
for model_result in results.values():
for batch_size, sequence_length in zip(model_result["bs"], model_result["ss"]):
result = model_result["result"][batch_size][sequence_length]
self.assertIsNotNone(result)
def test_inference_no_configs_eager(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
eager_mode=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_no_configs_only_pretrain(self):
MODEL_ID = "sgugger/tiny-distilbert-classification"
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
only_pretrain_model=True,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_no_configs_graph(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_with_configs_eager(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
eager_mode=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args, [config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_inference_with_configs_graph(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args, [config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_train_no_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=False,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
def test_train_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=True,
inference=False,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args, [config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_train_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_train_result)
def test_inference_encoder_decoder_with_configs(self):
MODEL_ID = "patrickvonplaten/t5-tiny-random"
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args, configs=[config])
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
@unittest.skipIf(is_tf_available() and len(tf.config.list_physical_devices("GPU")) == 0, "Cannot do xla on CPU.")
def test_inference_no_configs_xla(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
training=False,
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
use_xla=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
results = benchmark.run()
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.time_inference_result)
self.check_results_dict_not_empty(results.memory_inference_result)
def test_save_csv_files(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
inference=True,
save_to_csv=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
inference_time_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_time.csv"),
inference_memory_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_mem.csv"),
env_info_csv_file=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "env.csv"),
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
benchmark.run()
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_time.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "inf_mem.csv")).exists())
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "env.csv")).exists())
def test_trace_memory(self):
MODEL_ID = "sshleifer/tiny-gpt2"
def _check_summary_is_not_empty(summary):
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "sequential"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "cumulative"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "current"))
self.assertTrue(hasattr(summary, "total"))
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
benchmark_args = TensorFlowBenchmarkArguments(
models=[MODEL_ID],
inference=True,
sequence_lengths=[8],
batch_sizes=[1],
log_filename=os.path.join(tmp_dir, "log.txt"),
log_print=True,
trace_memory_line_by_line=True,
eager_mode=True,
multi_process=False,
)
benchmark = TensorFlowBenchmark(benchmark_args)
result = benchmark.run()
_check_summary_is_not_empty(result.inference_summary)
self.assertTrue(Path(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "log.txt")).exists())
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/README.md | # Testing new Hugging Face Deep Learning Container.
This document explains the testing strategy for releasing the new Hugging Face Deep Learning Container. AWS maintains 14 days of currency with framework releases. Besides framework releases, AWS release train is bi-weekly on Monday. Code cutoff date for any changes is the Wednesday before release-Monday.
## Test Case 1: Releasing a New Version (Minor/Major) of 🤗 Transformers
### Requirements: Test should run on Release Candidate for new `transformers` release to validate the new release is compatible with the DLCs. To run these tests you need credentials for the HF SageMaker AWS Account. You can ask @philschmid or @n1t0 to get access.
### Run Tests:
Before we can run the tests we need to adjust the `requirements.txt` for PyTorch under `/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch` and for TensorFlow under `/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch`. We adjust the branch to the new RC-tag.
```
git+https://github.com/huggingface/[email protected] # install main or adjust ist with vX.X.X for installing version specific-transforms
```
After we adjusted the `requirements.txt` we can run Amazon SageMaker tests with:
```bash
AWS_PROFILE=<enter-your-profile> make test-sagemaker
```
These tests take around 10-15 minutes to finish. Preferably make a screenshot of the successfully ran tests.
### After Transformers Release:
After we have released the Release Candidate we need to create a PR at the [Deep Learning Container Repository](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers).
**Creating the update PR:**
1. Update the two latest `buildspec.yaml` config for [PyTorch](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/tree/master/huggingface/pytorch) and [TensorFlow](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/tree/master/huggingface/tensorflow). The two latest `buildspec.yaml` are the `buildspec.yaml` without a version tag and the one with the highest framework version, e.g. `buildspec-1-7-1.yml` and not `buildspec-1-6.yml`.
To update the `buildspec.yaml` we need to adjust either the `transformers_version` or the `datasets_version` or both. Example for upgrading to `transformers 4.5.0` and `datasets 1.6.0`.
```yaml
account_id: &ACCOUNT_ID <set-$ACCOUNT_ID-in-environment>
region: ®ION <set-$REGION-in-environment>
base_framework: &BASE_FRAMEWORK pytorch
framework: &FRAMEWORK !join [ "huggingface_", *BASE_FRAMEWORK]
version: &VERSION 1.6.0
short_version: &SHORT_VERSION 1.6
repository_info:
training_repository: &TRAINING_REPOSITORY
image_type: &TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE training
root: !join [ "huggingface/", *BASE_FRAMEWORK, "/", *TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE ]
repository_name: &REPOSITORY_NAME !join ["pr", "-", "huggingface", "-", *BASE_FRAMEWORK, "-", *TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE]
repository: &REPOSITORY !join [ *ACCOUNT_ID, .dkr.ecr., *REGION, .amazonaws.com/,
*REPOSITORY_NAME ]
images:
BuildHuggingFacePytorchGpuPy37Cu110TrainingDockerImage:
<<: *TRAINING_REPOSITORY
build: &HUGGINGFACE_PYTORCH_GPU_TRAINING_PY3 false
image_size_baseline: &IMAGE_SIZE_BASELINE 15000
device_type: &DEVICE_TYPE gpu
python_version: &DOCKER_PYTHON_VERSION py3
tag_python_version: &TAG_PYTHON_VERSION py36
cuda_version: &CUDA_VERSION cu110
os_version: &OS_VERSION ubuntu18.04
transformers_version: &TRANSFORMERS_VERSION 4.5.0 # this was adjusted from 4.4.2 to 4.5.0
datasets_version: &DATASETS_VERSION 1.6.0 # this was adjusted from 1.5.0 to 1.6.0
tag: !join [ *VERSION, '-', 'transformers', *TRANSFORMERS_VERSION, '-', *DEVICE_TYPE, '-', *TAG_PYTHON_VERSION, '-',
*CUDA_VERSION, '-', *OS_VERSION ]
docker_file: !join [ docker/, *SHORT_VERSION, /, *DOCKER_PYTHON_VERSION, /,
*CUDA_VERSION, /Dockerfile., *DEVICE_TYPE ]
```
2. In the PR comment describe what test, we ran and with which package versions. Here you can copy the table from [Current Tests](#current-tests).
2. In the PR comment describe what test we ran and with which framework versions. Here you can copy the table from [Current Tests](#current-tests). You can take a look at this [PR](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/pull/1016), which information are needed.
## Test Case 2: Releasing a New AWS Framework DLC
## Execute Tests
### Requirements:
AWS is going to release new DLCs for PyTorch and/or TensorFlow. The Tests should run on the new framework versions with current `transformers` release to validate the new framework release is compatible with the `transformers` version. To run these tests you need credentials for the HF SageMaker AWS Account. You can ask @philschmid or @n1t0 to get access. AWS will notify us with a new issue in the repository pointing to their framework upgrade PR.
### Run Tests:
Before we can run the tests we need to adjust the `requirements.txt` for Pytorch under `/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch` and for Tensorflow under `/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch`. We add the new framework version to it.
```
torch==1.8.1 # for pytorch
tensorflow-gpu==2.5.0 # for tensorflow
```
After we adjusted the `requirements.txt` we can run Amazon SageMaker tests with.
```bash
AWS_PROFILE=<enter-your-profile> make test-sagemaker
```
These tests take around 10-15 minutes to finish. Preferably make a screenshot of the successfully ran tests.
### After successful Tests:
After we have successfully run tests for the new framework version we need to create a PR at the [Deep Learning Container Repository](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers).
**Creating the update PR:**
1. Create a new `buildspec.yaml` config for [PyTorch](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/tree/master/huggingface/pytorch) and [TensorFlow](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/tree/master/huggingface/tensorflow) and rename the old `buildspec.yaml` to `buildespec-x.x.x`, where `x.x.x` is the base framework version, e.g. if pytorch 1.6.0 is the latest version in `buildspec.yaml` the file should be renamed to `buildspec-yaml-1-6.yaml`.
To create the new `buildspec.yaml` we need to adjust the `version` and the `short_version`. Example for upgrading to `pytorch 1.7.1`.
```yaml
account_id: &ACCOUNT_ID <set-$ACCOUNT_ID-in-environment>
region: ®ION <set-$REGION-in-environment>
base_framework: &BASE_FRAMEWORK pytorch
framework: &FRAMEWORK !join [ "huggingface_", *BASE_FRAMEWORK]
version: &VERSION 1.7.1 # this was adjusted from 1.6.0 to 1.7.1
short_version: &SHORT_VERSION 1.7 # this was adjusted from 1.6 to 1.7
repository_info:
training_repository: &TRAINING_REPOSITORY
image_type: &TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE training
root: !join [ "huggingface/", *BASE_FRAMEWORK, "/", *TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE ]
repository_name: &REPOSITORY_NAME !join ["pr", "-", "huggingface", "-", *BASE_FRAMEWORK, "-", *TRAINING_IMAGE_TYPE]
repository: &REPOSITORY !join [ *ACCOUNT_ID, .dkr.ecr., *REGION, .amazonaws.com/,
*REPOSITORY_NAME ]
images:
BuildHuggingFacePytorchGpuPy37Cu110TrainingDockerImage:
<<: *TRAINING_REPOSITORY
build: &HUGGINGFACE_PYTORCH_GPU_TRAINING_PY3 false
image_size_baseline: &IMAGE_SIZE_BASELINE 15000
device_type: &DEVICE_TYPE gpu
python_version: &DOCKER_PYTHON_VERSION py3
tag_python_version: &TAG_PYTHON_VERSION py36
cuda_version: &CUDA_VERSION cu110
os_version: &OS_VERSION ubuntu18.04
transformers_version: &TRANSFORMERS_VERSION 4.4.2
datasets_version: &DATASETS_VERSION 1.5.0
tag: !join [ *VERSION, '-', 'transformers', *TRANSFORMERS_VERSION, '-', *DEVICE_TYPE, '-', *TAG_PYTHON_VERSION, '-',
*CUDA_VERSION, '-', *OS_VERSION ]
docker_file: !join [ docker/, *SHORT_VERSION, /, *DOCKER_PYTHON_VERSION, /,
*CUDA_VERSION, /Dockerfile., *DEVICE_TYPE ]
```
2. In the PR comment describe what test we ran and with which framework versions. Here you can copy the table from [Current Tests](#current-tests). You can take a look at this [PR](https://github.com/aws/deep-learning-containers/pull/1025), which information are needed.
## Current Tests
| ID | Description | Platform | #GPUS | Collected & evaluated metrics |
|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|-------|------------------------------------------|
| pytorch-transfromers-test-single | test bert finetuning using BERT fromtransformerlib+PT | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 1 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| pytorch-transfromers-test-2-ddp | test bert finetuning using BERT from transformer lib+ PT DPP | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 16 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| pytorch-transfromers-test-2-smd | test bert finetuning using BERT from transformer lib+ PT SM DDP | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 16 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| pytorch-transfromers-test-1-smp | test roberta finetuning using BERT from transformer lib+ PT SM MP | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 8 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| tensorflow-transfromers-test-single | Test bert finetuning using BERT from transformer lib+TF | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 1 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| tensorflow-transfromers-test-2-smd | test bert finetuning using BERT from transformer lib+ TF SM DDP | SageMaker createTrainingJob | 16 | train_runtime, eval_accuracy & eval_loss |
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/test_single_node_gpu.py | import json
import os
import subprocess
import unittest
from ast import literal_eval
import pytest
from parameterized import parameterized_class
from . import is_sagemaker_available
if is_sagemaker_available():
from sagemaker import Session, TrainingJobAnalytics
from sagemaker.huggingface import HuggingFace
@pytest.mark.skipif(
literal_eval(os.getenv("TEST_SAGEMAKER", "False")) is not True,
reason="Skipping test because should only be run when releasing minor transformers version",
)
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("sm_env")
@parameterized_class(
[
{
"framework": "pytorch",
"script": "run_glue.py",
"model_name_or_path": "distilbert-base-cased",
"instance_type": "ml.g4dn.xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 650, "eval_accuracy": 0.6, "eval_loss": 0.9},
},
{
"framework": "tensorflow",
"script": "run_tf.py",
"model_name_or_path": "distilbert-base-cased",
"instance_type": "ml.g4dn.xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 600, "eval_accuracy": 0.3, "eval_loss": 0.9},
},
]
)
class SingleNodeTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
if self.framework == "pytorch":
subprocess.run(
f"cp ./examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py {self.env.test_path}/run_glue.py".split(),
encoding="utf-8",
check=True,
)
assert hasattr(self, "env")
def create_estimator(self, instance_count=1):
# creates estimator
return HuggingFace(
entry_point=self.script,
source_dir=self.env.test_path,
role=self.env.role,
image_uri=self.env.image_uri,
base_job_name=f"{self.env.base_job_name}-single",
instance_count=instance_count,
instance_type=self.instance_type,
debugger_hook_config=False,
hyperparameters={**self.env.hyperparameters, "model_name_or_path": self.model_name_or_path},
metric_definitions=self.env.metric_definitions,
py_version="py36",
)
def save_results_as_csv(self, job_name):
TrainingJobAnalytics(job_name).export_csv(f"{self.env.test_path}/{job_name}_metrics.csv")
def test_glue(self):
# create estimator
estimator = self.create_estimator()
# run training
estimator.fit()
# result dataframe
result_metrics_df = TrainingJobAnalytics(estimator.latest_training_job.name).dataframe()
# extract kpis
eval_accuracy = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_accuracy"]["value"])
eval_loss = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_loss"]["value"])
# get train time from SageMaker job, this includes starting, preprocessing, stopping
train_runtime = (
Session().describe_training_job(estimator.latest_training_job.name).get("TrainingTimeInSeconds", 999999)
)
# assert kpis
assert train_runtime <= self.results["train_runtime"]
assert all(t >= self.results["eval_accuracy"] for t in eval_accuracy)
assert all(t <= self.results["eval_loss"] for t in eval_loss)
# dump tests result into json file to share in PR
with open(f"{estimator.latest_training_job.name}.json", "w") as outfile:
json.dump({"train_time": train_runtime, "eval_accuracy": eval_accuracy, "eval_loss": eval_loss}, outfile)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/__init__.py | import importlib
def is_sagemaker_available():
return importlib.util.find_spec("sagemaker") is not None
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/conftest.py | # we define a fixture function below and it will be "used" by
# referencing its name from tests
import os
import pytest
from attr import dataclass
os.environ["AWS_DEFAULT_REGION"] = "us-east-1" # defaults region
@dataclass
class SageMakerTestEnvironment:
framework: str
role = "arn:aws:iam::558105141721:role/sagemaker_execution_role"
hyperparameters = {
"task_name": "mnli",
"per_device_train_batch_size": 16,
"per_device_eval_batch_size": 16,
"do_train": True,
"do_eval": True,
"do_predict": True,
"output_dir": "/opt/ml/model",
"overwrite_output_dir": True,
"max_steps": 500,
"save_steps": 5500,
}
distributed_hyperparameters = {**hyperparameters, "max_steps": 1000}
@property
def metric_definitions(self) -> str:
if self.framework == "pytorch":
return [
{"Name": "train_runtime", "Regex": r"train_runtime.*=\D*(.*?)$"},
{"Name": "eval_accuracy", "Regex": r"eval_accuracy.*=\D*(.*?)$"},
{"Name": "eval_loss", "Regex": r"eval_loss.*=\D*(.*?)$"},
]
else:
return [
{"Name": "train_runtime", "Regex": r"train_runtime.*=\D*(.*?)$"},
{"Name": "eval_accuracy", "Regex": r"loss.*=\D*(.*?)]?$"},
{"Name": "eval_loss", "Regex": r"sparse_categorical_accuracy.*=\D*(.*?)]?$"},
]
@property
def base_job_name(self) -> str:
return f"{self.framework}-transfromers-test"
@property
def test_path(self) -> str:
return f"./tests/sagemaker/scripts/{self.framework}"
@property
def image_uri(self) -> str:
if self.framework == "pytorch":
return "763104351884.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/huggingface-pytorch-training:1.7.1-transformers4.6.1-gpu-py36-cu110-ubuntu18.04"
else:
return "763104351884.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/huggingface-tensorflow-training:2.4.1-transformers4.6.1-gpu-py37-cu110-ubuntu18.04"
@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def sm_env(request):
request.cls.env = SageMakerTestEnvironment(framework=request.cls.framework)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/test_multi_node_data_parallel.py | import json
import os
import subprocess
import unittest
from ast import literal_eval
import pytest
from parameterized import parameterized, parameterized_class
from . import is_sagemaker_available
if is_sagemaker_available():
from sagemaker import Session, TrainingJobAnalytics
from sagemaker.huggingface import HuggingFace
@pytest.mark.skipif(
literal_eval(os.getenv("TEST_SAGEMAKER", "False")) is not True,
reason="Skipping test because should only be run when releasing minor transformers version",
)
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("sm_env")
@parameterized_class(
[
{
"framework": "pytorch",
"script": "run_glue.py",
"model_name_or_path": "distilbert-base-cased",
"instance_type": "ml.p3.16xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 650, "eval_accuracy": 0.7, "eval_loss": 0.6},
},
{
"framework": "pytorch",
"script": "run_ddp.py",
"model_name_or_path": "distilbert-base-cased",
"instance_type": "ml.p3.16xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 600, "eval_accuracy": 0.7, "eval_loss": 0.6},
},
{
"framework": "tensorflow",
"script": "run_tf_dist.py",
"model_name_or_path": "distilbert-base-cased",
"instance_type": "ml.p3.16xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 600, "eval_accuracy": 0.6, "eval_loss": 0.7},
},
]
)
class MultiNodeTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
if self.framework == "pytorch":
subprocess.run(
f"cp ./examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py {self.env.test_path}/run_glue.py".split(),
encoding="utf-8",
check=True,
)
assert hasattr(self, "env")
def create_estimator(self, instance_count):
job_name = f"{self.env.base_job_name}-{instance_count}-{'ddp' if 'ddp' in self.script else 'smd'}"
# distributed data settings
distribution = {"smdistributed": {"dataparallel": {"enabled": True}}} if self.script != "run_ddp.py" else None
# creates estimator
return HuggingFace(
entry_point=self.script,
source_dir=self.env.test_path,
role=self.env.role,
image_uri=self.env.image_uri,
base_job_name=job_name,
instance_count=instance_count,
instance_type=self.instance_type,
debugger_hook_config=False,
hyperparameters={**self.env.distributed_hyperparameters, "model_name_or_path": self.model_name_or_path},
metric_definitions=self.env.metric_definitions,
distribution=distribution,
py_version="py36",
)
def save_results_as_csv(self, job_name):
TrainingJobAnalytics(job_name).export_csv(f"{self.env.test_path}/{job_name}_metrics.csv")
# @parameterized.expand([(2,), (4,),])
@parameterized.expand([(2,)])
def test_script(self, instance_count):
# create estimator
estimator = self.create_estimator(instance_count)
# run training
estimator.fit()
# result dataframe
result_metrics_df = TrainingJobAnalytics(estimator.latest_training_job.name).dataframe()
# extract kpis
eval_accuracy = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_accuracy"]["value"])
eval_loss = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_loss"]["value"])
# get train time from SageMaker job, this includes starting, preprocessing, stopping
train_runtime = (
Session().describe_training_job(estimator.latest_training_job.name).get("TrainingTimeInSeconds", 999999)
)
# assert kpis
assert train_runtime <= self.results["train_runtime"]
assert all(t >= self.results["eval_accuracy"] for t in eval_accuracy)
assert all(t <= self.results["eval_loss"] for t in eval_loss)
# dump tests result into json file to share in PR
with open(f"{estimator.latest_training_job.name}.json", "w") as outfile:
json.dump({"train_time": train_runtime, "eval_accuracy": eval_accuracy, "eval_loss": eval_loss}, outfile)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/test_multi_node_model_parallel.py | import json
import os
import subprocess
import unittest
from ast import literal_eval
import pytest
from parameterized import parameterized, parameterized_class
from . import is_sagemaker_available
if is_sagemaker_available():
from sagemaker import Session, TrainingJobAnalytics
from sagemaker.huggingface import HuggingFace
@pytest.mark.skipif(
literal_eval(os.getenv("TEST_SAGEMAKER", "False")) is not True,
reason="Skipping test because should only be run when releasing minor transformers version",
)
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("sm_env")
@parameterized_class(
[
{
"framework": "pytorch",
"script": "run_glue_model_parallelism.py",
"model_name_or_path": "roberta-large",
"instance_type": "ml.p3dn.24xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 1600, "eval_accuracy": 0.3, "eval_loss": 1.2},
},
{
"framework": "pytorch",
"script": "run_glue.py",
"model_name_or_path": "roberta-large",
"instance_type": "ml.p3dn.24xlarge",
"results": {"train_runtime": 1600, "eval_accuracy": 0.3, "eval_loss": 1.2},
},
]
)
class MultiNodeTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
if self.framework == "pytorch":
subprocess.run(
f"cp ./examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py {self.env.test_path}/run_glue.py".split(),
encoding="utf-8",
check=True,
)
assert hasattr(self, "env")
def create_estimator(self, instance_count):
# configuration for running training on smdistributed Model Parallel
mpi_options = {
"enabled": True,
"processes_per_host": 8,
}
smp_options = {
"enabled": True,
"parameters": {
"microbatches": 4,
"placement_strategy": "spread",
"pipeline": "interleaved",
"optimize": "speed",
"partitions": 4,
"ddp": True,
},
}
distribution = {"smdistributed": {"modelparallel": smp_options}, "mpi": mpi_options}
name_extension = "trainer" if self.script == "run_glue.py" else "smtrainer"
# creates estimator
return HuggingFace(
entry_point=self.script,
source_dir=self.env.test_path,
role=self.env.role,
image_uri=self.env.image_uri,
base_job_name=f"{self.env.base_job_name}-{instance_count}-smp-{name_extension}",
instance_count=instance_count,
instance_type=self.instance_type,
debugger_hook_config=False,
hyperparameters={
**self.env.hyperparameters,
"model_name_or_path": self.model_name_or_path,
"max_steps": 500,
},
metric_definitions=self.env.metric_definitions,
distribution=distribution,
py_version="py36",
)
def save_results_as_csv(self, job_name):
TrainingJobAnalytics(job_name).export_csv(f"{self.env.test_path}/{job_name}_metrics.csv")
# @parameterized.expand([(2,), (4,),])
@parameterized.expand([(1,)])
def test_scripz(self, instance_count):
# create estimator
estimator = self.create_estimator(instance_count)
# run training
estimator.fit()
# result dataframe
result_metrics_df = TrainingJobAnalytics(estimator.latest_training_job.name).dataframe()
# extract kpis
eval_accuracy = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_accuracy"]["value"])
eval_loss = list(result_metrics_df[result_metrics_df.metric_name == "eval_loss"]["value"])
# get train time from SageMaker job, this includes starting, preprocessing, stopping
train_runtime = (
Session().describe_training_job(estimator.latest_training_job.name).get("TrainingTimeInSeconds", 999999)
)
# assert kpis
assert train_runtime <= self.results["train_runtime"]
assert all(t >= self.results["eval_accuracy"] for t in eval_accuracy)
assert all(t <= self.results["eval_loss"] for t in eval_loss)
# dump tests result into json file to share in PR
with open(f"{estimator.latest_training_job.name}.json", "w") as outfile:
json.dump({"train_time": train_runtime, "eval_accuracy": eval_accuracy, "eval_loss": eval_loss}, outfile)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch/requirements.txt | git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main # install main or adjust it with vX.X.X for installing version specific transforms
datasets==1.8.0 | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch/run_ddp.py | import json
import logging
import os
import subprocess
from argparse import ArgumentParser
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def parse_args():
parser = ArgumentParser()
parsed, unknown = parser.parse_known_args()
for arg in unknown:
if arg.startswith(("-", "--")):
parser.add_argument(arg.split("=")[0])
return parser.parse_args()
def main():
args = parse_args()
port = 8888
num_gpus = int(os.environ["SM_NUM_GPUS"])
hosts = json.loads(os.environ["SM_HOSTS"])
num_nodes = len(hosts)
current_host = os.environ["SM_CURRENT_HOST"]
rank = hosts.index(current_host)
os.environ["NCCL_DEBUG"] = "INFO"
if num_nodes > 1:
cmd = f"""python -m torch.distributed.launch \
--nnodes={num_nodes} \
--node_rank={rank} \
--nproc_per_node={num_gpus} \
--master_addr={hosts[0]} \
--master_port={port} \
./run_glue.py \
{"".join([f" --{parameter} {value}" for parameter,value in args.__dict__.items()])}"""
else:
cmd = f"""python -m torch.distributed.launch \
--nproc_per_node={num_gpus} \
./run_glue.py \
{"".join([f" --{parameter} {value}" for parameter,value in args.__dict__.items()])}"""
try:
subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True)
except Exception as e:
logger.info(e)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/pytorch/run_glue_model_parallelism.py | #!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2021 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
""" Finetuning the library models for sequence classification on GLUE."""
# You can also adapt this script on your own text classification task. Pointers for this are left as comments.
import logging
import os
import random
import sys
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import Optional
import numpy as np
from datasets import load_dataset, load_metric
import transformers
from transformers import ( # Trainer,; TrainingArguments,
AutoConfig,
AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
AutoTokenizer,
DataCollatorWithPadding,
EvalPrediction,
HfArgumentParser,
PretrainedConfig,
default_data_collator,
set_seed,
)
# Will import SageMaker Model parallelism specific Trainer
from transformers.sagemaker import SageMakerTrainer as Trainer
from transformers.sagemaker import SageMakerTrainingArguments as TrainingArguments
from transformers.trainer_utils import get_last_checkpoint
from transformers.utils import check_min_version
# Will error if the minimal version of Transformers is not installed. Remove at your own risks.
check_min_version("4.4.2")
task_to_keys = {
"cola": ("sentence", None),
"mnli": ("premise", "hypothesis"),
"mrpc": ("sentence1", "sentence2"),
"qnli": ("question", "sentence"),
"qqp": ("question1", "question2"),
"rte": ("sentence1", "sentence2"),
"sst2": ("sentence", None),
"stsb": ("sentence1", "sentence2"),
"wnli": ("sentence1", "sentence2"),
}
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@dataclass
class DataTrainingArguments:
"""
Arguments pertaining to what data we are going to input our model for training and eval.
Using `HfArgumentParser` we can turn this class
into argparse arguments to be able to specify them on
the command line.
"""
task_name: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "The name of the task to train on: " + ", ".join(task_to_keys.keys())},
)
max_seq_length: int = field(
default=128,
metadata={
"help": (
"The maximum total input sequence length after tokenization. Sequences longer "
"than this will be truncated, sequences shorter will be padded."
)
},
)
overwrite_cache: bool = field(
default=False, metadata={"help": "Overwrite the cached preprocessed datasets or not."}
)
pad_to_max_length: bool = field(
default=True,
metadata={
"help": (
"Whether to pad all samples to `max_seq_length`. "
"If False, will pad the samples dynamically when batching to the maximum length in the batch."
)
},
)
max_train_samples: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of training examples to this "
"value if set."
)
},
)
max_val_samples: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of validation examples to this "
"value if set."
)
},
)
max_test_samples: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of test examples to this "
"value if set."
)
},
)
train_file: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "A csv or a json file containing the training data."}
)
validation_file: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "A csv or a json file containing the validation data."}
)
test_file: Optional[str] = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "A csv or a json file containing the test data."})
def __post_init__(self):
if self.task_name is not None:
self.task_name = self.task_name.lower()
if self.task_name not in task_to_keys.keys():
raise ValueError("Unknown task, you should pick one in " + ",".join(task_to_keys.keys()))
elif self.train_file is None or self.validation_file is None:
raise ValueError("Need either a GLUE task or a training/validation file.")
else:
train_extension = self.train_file.split(".")[-1]
assert train_extension in ["csv", "json"], "`train_file` should be a csv or a json file."
validation_extension = self.validation_file.split(".")[-1]
assert (
validation_extension == train_extension
), "`validation_file` should have the same extension (csv or json) as `train_file`."
@dataclass
class ModelArguments:
"""
Arguments pertaining to which model/config/tokenizer we are going to fine-tune from.
"""
model_name_or_path: str = field(
metadata={"help": "Path to pretrained model or model identifier from huggingface.co/models"}
)
config_name: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "Pretrained config name or path if not the same as model_name"}
)
tokenizer_name: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "Pretrained tokenizer name or path if not the same as model_name"}
)
cache_dir: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "Where do you want to store the pretrained models downloaded from huggingface.co"},
)
use_fast_tokenizer: bool = field(
default=True,
metadata={"help": "Whether to use one of the fast tokenizer (backed by the tokenizers library) or not."},
)
model_revision: str = field(
default="main",
metadata={"help": "The specific model version to use (can be a branch name, tag name or commit id)."},
)
use_auth_token: bool = field(
default=False,
metadata={
"help": (
"Will use the token generated when running `huggingface-cli login` (necessary to use this script "
"with private models)."
)
},
)
def main():
# See all possible arguments in src/transformers/training_args.py
# or by passing the --help flag to this script.
# We now keep distinct sets of args, for a cleaner separation of concerns.
parser = HfArgumentParser((ModelArguments, DataTrainingArguments, TrainingArguments))
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
# If we pass only one argument to the script and it's the path to a json file,
# let's parse it to get our arguments.
model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_json_file(json_file=os.path.abspath(sys.argv[1]))
else:
model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()
# Detecting last checkpoint.
last_checkpoint = None
if os.path.isdir(training_args.output_dir) and training_args.do_train and not training_args.overwrite_output_dir:
last_checkpoint = get_last_checkpoint(training_args.output_dir)
if last_checkpoint is None and len(os.listdir(training_args.output_dir)) > 0:
raise ValueError(
f"Output directory ({training_args.output_dir}) already exists and is not empty. "
"Use --overwrite_output_dir to overcome."
)
elif last_checkpoint is not None:
logger.info(
f"Checkpoint detected, resuming training at {last_checkpoint}. To avoid this behavior, change "
"the `--output_dir` or add `--overwrite_output_dir` to train from scratch."
)
# Setup logging
logging.basicConfig(
format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s",
datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S",
handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO if training_args.should_log else logging.WARN)
# Log on each process the small summary:
logger.warning(
f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, n_gpu: {training_args.n_gpu}"
+ f"distributed training: {bool(training_args.local_rank != -1)}, 16-bits training: {training_args.fp16}"
)
# Set the verbosity to info of the Transformers logger (on main process only):
if training_args.should_log:
transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info()
transformers.utils.logging.enable_default_handler()
transformers.utils.logging.enable_explicit_format()
logger.info(f"Training/evaluation parameters {training_args}")
# Set seed before initializing model.
set_seed(training_args.seed)
# Get the datasets: you can either provide your own CSV/JSON training and evaluation files (see below)
# or specify a GLUE benchmark task (the dataset will be downloaded automatically from the datasets Hub).
#
# For CSV/JSON files, this script will use as labels the column called 'label' and as pair of sentences the
# sentences in columns called 'sentence1' and 'sentence2' if such column exists or the first two columns not named
# label if at least two columns are provided.
#
# If the CSVs/JSONs contain only one non-label column, the script does single sentence classification on this
# single column. You can easily tweak this behavior (see below)
#
# In distributed training, the load_dataset function guarantee that only one local process can concurrently
# download the dataset.
if data_args.task_name is not None:
# Downloading and loading a dataset from the hub.
datasets = load_dataset("glue", data_args.task_name)
else:
# Loading a dataset from your local files.
# CSV/JSON training and evaluation files are needed.
data_files = {"train": data_args.train_file, "validation": data_args.validation_file}
# Get the test dataset: you can provide your own CSV/JSON test file (see below)
# when you use `do_predict` without specifying a GLUE benchmark task.
if training_args.do_predict:
if data_args.test_file is not None:
train_extension = data_args.train_file.split(".")[-1]
test_extension = data_args.test_file.split(".")[-1]
assert (
test_extension == train_extension
), "`test_file` should have the same extension (csv or json) as `train_file`."
data_files["test"] = data_args.test_file
else:
raise ValueError("Need either a GLUE task or a test file for `do_predict`.")
for key in data_files.keys():
logger.info(f"load a local file for {key}: {data_files[key]}")
if data_args.train_file.endswith(".csv"):
# Loading a dataset from local csv files
datasets = load_dataset("csv", data_files=data_files)
else:
# Loading a dataset from local json files
datasets = load_dataset("json", data_files=data_files)
# See more about loading any type of standard or custom dataset at
# https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/loading_datasets.html.
# Labels
if data_args.task_name is not None:
is_regression = data_args.task_name == "stsb"
if not is_regression:
label_list = datasets["train"].features["label"].names
num_labels = len(label_list)
else:
num_labels = 1
else:
# Trying to have good defaults here, don't hesitate to tweak to your needs.
is_regression = datasets["train"].features["label"].dtype in ["float32", "float64"]
if is_regression:
num_labels = 1
else:
# A useful fast method:
# https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.unique
label_list = datasets["train"].unique("label")
label_list.sort() # Let's sort it for determinism
num_labels = len(label_list)
# Load pretrained model and tokenizer
#
# In distributed training, the .from_pretrained methods guarantee that only one local process can concurrently
# download model & vocab.
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(
model_args.config_name if model_args.config_name else model_args.model_name_or_path,
num_labels=num_labels,
finetuning_task=data_args.task_name,
cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
revision=model_args.model_revision,
use_auth_token=True if model_args.use_auth_token else None,
)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
model_args.tokenizer_name if model_args.tokenizer_name else model_args.model_name_or_path,
cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
use_fast=model_args.use_fast_tokenizer,
revision=model_args.model_revision,
use_auth_token=True if model_args.use_auth_token else None,
)
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
model_args.model_name_or_path,
from_tf=bool(".ckpt" in model_args.model_name_or_path),
config=config,
cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
revision=model_args.model_revision,
use_auth_token=True if model_args.use_auth_token else None,
)
# Preprocessing the datasets
if data_args.task_name is not None:
sentence1_key, sentence2_key = task_to_keys[data_args.task_name]
else:
# Again, we try to have some nice defaults but don't hesitate to tweak to your use case.
non_label_column_names = [name for name in datasets["train"].column_names if name != "label"]
if "sentence1" in non_label_column_names and "sentence2" in non_label_column_names:
sentence1_key, sentence2_key = "sentence1", "sentence2"
else:
if len(non_label_column_names) >= 2:
sentence1_key, sentence2_key = non_label_column_names[:2]
else:
sentence1_key, sentence2_key = non_label_column_names[0], None
# Padding strategy
if data_args.pad_to_max_length:
padding = "max_length"
else:
# We will pad later, dynamically at batch creation, to the max sequence length in each batch
padding = False
# Some models have set the order of the labels to use, so let's make sure we do use it.
label_to_id = None
if (
model.config.label2id != PretrainedConfig(num_labels=num_labels).label2id
and data_args.task_name is not None
and not is_regression
):
# Some have all caps in their config, some don't.
label_name_to_id = {k.lower(): v for k, v in model.config.label2id.items()}
if sorted(label_name_to_id.keys()) == sorted(label_list):
label_to_id = {i: int(label_name_to_id[label_list[i]]) for i in range(num_labels)}
else:
logger.warning(
"Your model seems to have been trained with labels, but they don't match the dataset: ",
f"model labels: {sorted(label_name_to_id.keys())}, dataset labels: {sorted(label_list)}."
"\nIgnoring the model labels as a result.",
)
elif data_args.task_name is None and not is_regression:
label_to_id = {v: i for i, v in enumerate(label_list)}
if data_args.max_seq_length > tokenizer.model_max_length:
logger.warning(
f"The max_seq_length passed ({data_args.max_seq_length}) is larger than the maximum length for the"
f"model ({tokenizer.model_max_length}). Using max_seq_length={tokenizer.model_max_length}."
)
max_seq_length = min(data_args.max_seq_length, tokenizer.model_max_length)
def preprocess_function(examples):
# Tokenize the texts
args = (
(examples[sentence1_key],) if sentence2_key is None else (examples[sentence1_key], examples[sentence2_key])
)
result = tokenizer(*args, padding=padding, max_length=max_seq_length, truncation=True)
# Map labels to IDs (not necessary for GLUE tasks)
if label_to_id is not None and "label" in examples:
result["label"] = [(label_to_id[l] if l != -1 else -1) for l in examples["label"]]
return result
datasets = datasets.map(preprocess_function, batched=True, load_from_cache_file=not data_args.overwrite_cache)
if training_args.do_train:
if "train" not in datasets:
raise ValueError("--do_train requires a train dataset")
train_dataset = datasets["train"]
if data_args.max_train_samples is not None:
train_dataset = train_dataset.select(range(data_args.max_train_samples))
if training_args.do_eval:
if "validation" not in datasets and "validation_matched" not in datasets:
raise ValueError("--do_eval requires a validation dataset")
eval_dataset = datasets["validation_matched" if data_args.task_name == "mnli" else "validation"]
if data_args.max_val_samples is not None:
eval_dataset = eval_dataset.select(range(data_args.max_val_samples))
if training_args.do_predict or data_args.task_name is not None or data_args.test_file is not None:
if "test" not in datasets and "test_matched" not in datasets:
raise ValueError("--do_predict requires a test dataset")
test_dataset = datasets["test_matched" if data_args.task_name == "mnli" else "test"]
if data_args.max_test_samples is not None:
test_dataset = test_dataset.select(range(data_args.max_test_samples))
# Log a few random samples from the training set:
if training_args.do_train:
for index in random.sample(range(len(train_dataset)), 3):
logger.info(f"Sample {index} of the training set: {train_dataset[index]}.")
# Get the metric function
if data_args.task_name is not None:
metric = load_metric("glue", data_args.task_name)
# TODO: When datasets metrics include regular accuracy, make an else here and remove special branch from
# compute_metrics
# You can define your custom compute_metrics function. It takes an `EvalPrediction` object (a namedtuple with a
# predictions and label_ids field) and has to return a dictionary string to float.
def compute_metrics(p: EvalPrediction):
preds = p.predictions[0] if isinstance(p.predictions, tuple) else p.predictions
preds = np.squeeze(preds) if is_regression else np.argmax(preds, axis=1)
if data_args.task_name is not None:
result = metric.compute(predictions=preds, references=p.label_ids)
if len(result) > 1:
result["combined_score"] = np.mean(list(result.values())).item()
return result
elif is_regression:
return {"mse": ((preds - p.label_ids) ** 2).mean().item()}
else:
return {"accuracy": (preds == p.label_ids).astype(np.float32).mean().item()}
# Data collator will default to DataCollatorWithPadding, so we change it if we already did the padding.
if data_args.pad_to_max_length:
data_collator = default_data_collator
elif training_args.fp16:
data_collator = DataCollatorWithPadding(tokenizer, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
else:
data_collator = None
# Initialize our Trainer
trainer = Trainer(
model=model,
args=training_args,
train_dataset=train_dataset if training_args.do_train else None,
eval_dataset=eval_dataset if training_args.do_eval else None,
compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
tokenizer=tokenizer,
data_collator=data_collator,
)
# Training
if training_args.do_train:
checkpoint = None
if last_checkpoint is not None:
checkpoint = last_checkpoint
elif os.path.isdir(model_args.model_name_or_path):
# Check the config from that potential checkpoint has the right number of labels before using it as a
# checkpoint.
if AutoConfig.from_pretrained(model_args.model_name_or_path).num_labels == num_labels:
checkpoint = model_args.model_name_or_path
train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
metrics = train_result.metrics
max_train_samples = (
data_args.max_train_samples if data_args.max_train_samples is not None else len(train_dataset)
)
metrics["train_samples"] = min(max_train_samples, len(train_dataset))
trainer.save_model() # Saves the tokenizer too for easy upload
trainer.log_metrics("train", metrics)
trainer.save_metrics("train", metrics)
trainer.save_state()
# Evaluation
if training_args.do_eval:
logger.info("*** Evaluate ***")
# Loop to handle MNLI double evaluation (matched, mis-matched)
tasks = [data_args.task_name]
eval_datasets = [eval_dataset]
if data_args.task_name == "mnli":
tasks.append("mnli-mm")
eval_datasets.append(datasets["validation_mismatched"])
for eval_dataset, task in zip(eval_datasets, tasks):
metrics = trainer.evaluate(eval_dataset=eval_dataset)
max_val_samples = data_args.max_val_samples if data_args.max_val_samples is not None else len(eval_dataset)
metrics["eval_samples"] = min(max_val_samples, len(eval_dataset))
trainer.log_metrics("eval", metrics)
trainer.save_metrics("eval", metrics)
if training_args.do_predict:
logger.info("*** Test ***")
# Loop to handle MNLI double evaluation (matched, mis-matched)
tasks = [data_args.task_name]
test_datasets = [test_dataset]
if data_args.task_name == "mnli":
tasks.append("mnli-mm")
test_datasets.append(datasets["test_mismatched"])
for test_dataset, task in zip(test_datasets, tasks):
# Removing the `label` columns because it contains -1 and Trainer won't like that.
test_dataset = test_dataset.remove_columns("label")
predictions = trainer.predict(test_dataset=test_dataset).predictions
predictions = np.squeeze(predictions) if is_regression else np.argmax(predictions, axis=1)
output_test_file = os.path.join(training_args.output_dir, f"test_results_{task}.txt")
if trainer.is_world_process_zero():
with open(output_test_file, "w") as writer:
logger.info(f"***** Test results {task} *****")
writer.write("index\tprediction\n")
for index, item in enumerate(predictions):
if is_regression:
writer.write(f"{index}\t{item:3.3f}\n")
else:
item = label_list[item]
writer.write(f"{index}\t{item}\n")
def _mp_fn(index):
# For xla_spawn (TPUs)
main()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/tensorflow/requirements.txt | git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main # install main or adjust ist with vX.X.X for installing version specific transforms | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/tensorflow/run_tf_dist.py | import argparse
import logging
import os
import sys
import time
import tensorflow as tf
from datasets import load_dataset
from tqdm import tqdm
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
from transformers.utils import is_sagemaker_dp_enabled
if os.environ.get("SDP_ENABLED") or is_sagemaker_dp_enabled():
SDP_ENABLED = True
os.environ["SAGEMAKER_INSTANCE_TYPE"] = "p3dn.24xlarge"
import smdistributed.dataparallel.tensorflow as sdp
else:
SDP_ENABLED = False
def fit(model, loss, opt, train_dataset, epochs, train_batch_size, max_steps=None):
pbar = tqdm(train_dataset)
for i, batch in enumerate(pbar):
with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
inputs, targets = batch
outputs = model(batch)
loss_value = loss(targets, outputs.logits)
if SDP_ENABLED:
tape = sdp.DistributedGradientTape(tape, sparse_as_dense=True)
grads = tape.gradient(loss_value, model.trainable_variables)
opt.apply_gradients(zip(grads, model.trainable_variables))
pbar.set_description(f"Loss: {loss_value:.4f}")
if SDP_ENABLED and i == 0:
sdp.broadcast_variables(model.variables, root_rank=0)
sdp.broadcast_variables(opt.variables(), root_rank=0)
if max_steps and i >= max_steps:
break
train_results = {"loss": loss_value.numpy()}
return train_results
def get_datasets(tokenizer, train_batch_size, eval_batch_size):
# Load dataset
train_dataset, test_dataset = load_dataset("imdb", split=["train", "test"])
# Preprocess train dataset
train_dataset = train_dataset.map(
lambda e: tokenizer(e["text"], truncation=True, padding="max_length"), batched=True
)
train_dataset.set_format(type="tensorflow", columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "label"])
train_features = {
x: train_dataset[x].to_tensor(default_value=0, shape=[None, tokenizer.model_max_length])
for x in ["input_ids", "attention_mask"]
}
tf_train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((train_features, train_dataset["label"]))
# Preprocess test dataset
test_dataset = test_dataset.map(
lambda e: tokenizer(e["text"], truncation=True, padding="max_length"), batched=True
)
test_dataset.set_format(type="tensorflow", columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "label"])
test_features = {
x: test_dataset[x].to_tensor(default_value=0, shape=[None, tokenizer.model_max_length])
for x in ["input_ids", "attention_mask"]
}
tf_test_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((test_features, test_dataset["label"]))
if SDP_ENABLED:
tf_train_dataset = tf_train_dataset.shard(sdp.size(), sdp.rank())
tf_test_dataset = tf_test_dataset.shard(sdp.size(), sdp.rank())
tf_train_dataset = tf_train_dataset.batch(train_batch_size, drop_remainder=True)
tf_test_dataset = tf_test_dataset.batch(eval_batch_size, drop_remainder=True)
return tf_train_dataset, tf_test_dataset
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
# Hyperparameters sent by the client are passed as command-line arguments to the script.
parser.add_argument("--epochs", type=int, default=3)
parser.add_argument("--per_device_train_batch_size", type=int, default=16)
parser.add_argument("--per_device_eval_batch_size", type=int, default=8)
parser.add_argument("--model_name_or_path", type=str)
parser.add_argument("--learning_rate", type=str, default=5e-5)
parser.add_argument("--do_train", type=bool, default=True)
parser.add_argument("--do_eval", type=bool, default=True)
parser.add_argument("--output_dir", type=str)
parser.add_argument("--max_steps", type=int, default=None)
# Data, model, and output directories
parser.add_argument("--output_data_dir", type=str, default=os.environ["SM_OUTPUT_DATA_DIR"])
parser.add_argument("--model_dir", type=str, default=os.environ["SM_MODEL_DIR"])
parser.add_argument("--n_gpus", type=str, default=os.environ["SM_NUM_GPUS"])
args, _ = parser.parse_known_args()
# Set up logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.getLevelName("INFO"),
handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
)
if SDP_ENABLED:
sdp.init()
gpus = tf.config.experimental.list_physical_devices("GPU")
for gpu in gpus:
tf.config.experimental.set_memory_growth(gpu, True)
if gpus:
tf.config.experimental.set_visible_devices(gpus[sdp.local_rank()], "GPU")
# Load model and tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(args.model_name_or_path)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(args.model_name_or_path)
# get datasets
tf_train_dataset, tf_test_dataset = get_datasets(
tokenizer=tokenizer,
train_batch_size=args.per_device_train_batch_size,
eval_batch_size=args.per_device_eval_batch_size,
)
# fine optimizer and loss
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=args.learning_rate)
loss = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
metrics = [tf.keras.metrics.SparseCategoricalAccuracy()]
model.compile(optimizer=optimizer, loss=loss, metrics=metrics)
# Training
if args.do_train:
# train_results = model.fit(tf_train_dataset, epochs=args.epochs, batch_size=args.train_batch_size)
start_train_time = time.time()
train_results = fit(
model,
loss,
optimizer,
tf_train_dataset,
args.epochs,
args.per_device_train_batch_size,
max_steps=args.max_steps,
)
end_train_time = time.time() - start_train_time
logger.info("*** Train ***")
logger.info(f"train_runtime = {end_train_time}")
output_eval_file = os.path.join(args.output_dir, "train_results.txt")
if not SDP_ENABLED or sdp.rank() == 0:
with open(output_eval_file, "w") as writer:
logger.info("***** Train results *****")
logger.info(train_results)
for key, value in train_results.items():
logger.info(f" {key} = {value}")
writer.write(f"{key} = {value}\n")
# Evaluation
if args.do_eval and (not SDP_ENABLED or sdp.rank() == 0):
result = model.evaluate(tf_test_dataset, batch_size=args.per_device_eval_batch_size, return_dict=True)
logger.info("*** Evaluate ***")
output_eval_file = os.path.join(args.output_dir, "eval_results.txt")
with open(output_eval_file, "w") as writer:
logger.info("***** Eval results *****")
logger.info(result)
for key, value in result.items():
logger.info(f" {key} = {value}")
writer.write(f"{key} = {value}\n")
# Save result
if SDP_ENABLED:
if sdp.rank() == 0:
model.save_pretrained(args.output_dir)
tokenizer.save_pretrained(args.output_dir)
else:
model.save_pretrained(args.output_dir)
tokenizer.save_pretrained(args.output_dir)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/sagemaker/scripts/tensorflow/run_tf.py | import argparse
import logging
import sys
import time
import tensorflow as tf
from datasets import load_dataset
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
# Hyperparameters sent by the client are passed as command-line arguments to the script.
parser.add_argument("--epochs", type=int, default=1)
parser.add_argument("--per_device_train_batch_size", type=int, default=16)
parser.add_argument("--per_device_eval_batch_size", type=int, default=8)
parser.add_argument("--model_name_or_path", type=str)
parser.add_argument("--learning_rate", type=str, default=5e-5)
parser.add_argument("--do_train", type=bool, default=True)
parser.add_argument("--do_eval", type=bool, default=True)
parser.add_argument("--output_dir", type=str)
args, _ = parser.parse_known_args()
# overwrite batch size until we have tf_glue.py
args.per_device_train_batch_size = 16
args.per_device_eval_batch_size = 16
# Set up logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.getLevelName("INFO"),
handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
)
# Load model and tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(args.model_name_or_path)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(args.model_name_or_path)
# Load dataset
train_dataset, test_dataset = load_dataset("imdb", split=["train", "test"])
train_dataset = train_dataset.shuffle().select(range(5000)) # smaller the size for train dataset to 5k
test_dataset = test_dataset.shuffle().select(range(500)) # smaller the size for test dataset to 500
# Preprocess train dataset
train_dataset = train_dataset.map(
lambda e: tokenizer(e["text"], truncation=True, padding="max_length"), batched=True
)
train_dataset.set_format(type="tensorflow", columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "label"])
train_features = {
x: train_dataset[x].to_tensor(default_value=0, shape=[None, tokenizer.model_max_length])
for x in ["input_ids", "attention_mask"]
}
tf_train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((train_features, train_dataset["label"])).batch(
args.per_device_train_batch_size
)
# Preprocess test dataset
test_dataset = test_dataset.map(
lambda e: tokenizer(e["text"], truncation=True, padding="max_length"), batched=True
)
test_dataset.set_format(type="tensorflow", columns=["input_ids", "attention_mask", "label"])
test_features = {
x: test_dataset[x].to_tensor(default_value=0, shape=[None, tokenizer.model_max_length])
for x in ["input_ids", "attention_mask"]
}
tf_test_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((test_features, test_dataset["label"])).batch(
args.per_device_eval_batch_size
)
# fine optimizer and loss
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=args.learning_rate)
loss = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
metrics = [tf.keras.metrics.SparseCategoricalAccuracy()]
model.compile(optimizer=optimizer, loss=loss, metrics=metrics)
start_train_time = time.time()
train_results = model.fit(tf_train_dataset, epochs=args.epochs, batch_size=args.per_device_train_batch_size)
end_train_time = time.time() - start_train_time
logger.info("*** Train ***")
logger.info(f"train_runtime = {end_train_time}")
for key, value in train_results.history.items():
logger.info(f" {key} = {value}")
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/tokenization/test_tokenization_utils.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2018 HuggingFace Inc..
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
isort:skip_file
"""
import os
import pickle
import tempfile
import unittest
from typing import Callable, Optional
import numpy as np
from transformers import (
BatchEncoding,
BertTokenizer,
BertTokenizerFast,
PreTrainedTokenizer,
PreTrainedTokenizerFast,
TensorType,
TokenSpan,
is_tokenizers_available,
)
from transformers.models.gpt2.tokenization_gpt2 import GPT2Tokenizer
from transformers.testing_utils import CaptureStderr, require_flax, require_tf, require_tokenizers, require_torch, slow
if is_tokenizers_available():
from tokenizers import Tokenizer
from tokenizers.models import WordPiece
class TokenizerUtilsTest(unittest.TestCase):
def check_tokenizer_from_pretrained(self, tokenizer_class):
s3_models = list(tokenizer_class.max_model_input_sizes.keys())
for model_name in s3_models[:1]:
tokenizer = tokenizer_class.from_pretrained(model_name)
self.assertIsNotNone(tokenizer)
self.assertIsInstance(tokenizer, tokenizer_class)
self.assertIsInstance(tokenizer, PreTrainedTokenizer)
for special_tok in tokenizer.all_special_tokens:
self.assertIsInstance(special_tok, str)
special_tok_id = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(special_tok)
self.assertIsInstance(special_tok_id, int)
def assert_dump_and_restore(self, be_original: BatchEncoding, equal_op: Optional[Callable] = None):
batch_encoding_str = pickle.dumps(be_original)
self.assertIsNotNone(batch_encoding_str)
be_restored = pickle.loads(batch_encoding_str)
# Ensure is_fast is correctly restored
self.assertEqual(be_restored.is_fast, be_original.is_fast)
# Ensure encodings are potentially correctly restored
if be_original.is_fast:
self.assertIsNotNone(be_restored.encodings)
else:
self.assertIsNone(be_restored.encodings)
# Ensure the keys are the same
for original_v, restored_v in zip(be_original.values(), be_restored.values()):
if equal_op:
self.assertTrue(equal_op(restored_v, original_v))
else:
self.assertEqual(restored_v, original_v)
@slow
def test_pretrained_tokenizers(self):
self.check_tokenizer_from_pretrained(GPT2Tokenizer)
def test_tensor_type_from_str(self):
self.assertEqual(TensorType("tf"), TensorType.TENSORFLOW)
self.assertEqual(TensorType("pt"), TensorType.PYTORCH)
self.assertEqual(TensorType("np"), TensorType.NUMPY)
@require_tokenizers
def test_batch_encoding_pickle(self):
import numpy as np
tokenizer_p = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
tokenizer_r = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
# Python no tensor
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Python, return_tensors=None)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(tokenizer_p("Small example to encode"))
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Python, return_tensors=NUMPY)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_p("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.NUMPY), np.array_equal
)
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Rust, return_tensors=None)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(tokenizer_r("Small example to encode"))
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Rust, return_tensors=NUMPY)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_r("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.NUMPY), np.array_equal
)
@require_tf
@require_tokenizers
def test_batch_encoding_pickle_tf(self):
import tensorflow as tf
def tf_array_equals(t1, t2):
return tf.reduce_all(tf.equal(t1, t2))
tokenizer_p = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
tokenizer_r = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Python, return_tensors=TENSORFLOW)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_p("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.TENSORFLOW), tf_array_equals
)
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Rust, return_tensors=TENSORFLOW)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_r("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.TENSORFLOW), tf_array_equals
)
@require_torch
@require_tokenizers
def test_batch_encoding_pickle_pt(self):
import torch
tokenizer_p = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
tokenizer_r = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Python, return_tensors=PYTORCH)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_p("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.PYTORCH), torch.equal
)
with self.subTest("BatchEncoding (Rust, return_tensors=PYTORCH)"):
self.assert_dump_and_restore(
tokenizer_r("Small example to encode", return_tensors=TensorType.PYTORCH), torch.equal
)
@require_tokenizers
def test_batch_encoding_is_fast(self):
tokenizer_p = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
tokenizer_r = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
with self.subTest("Python Tokenizer"):
self.assertFalse(tokenizer_p("Small example to_encode").is_fast)
with self.subTest("Rust Tokenizer"):
self.assertTrue(tokenizer_r("Small example to_encode").is_fast)
@require_tokenizers
def test_batch_encoding_word_to_tokens(self):
tokenizer_r = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
encoded = tokenizer_r(["Test", "\xad", "test"], is_split_into_words=True)
self.assertEqual(encoded.word_to_tokens(0), TokenSpan(start=1, end=2))
self.assertEqual(encoded.word_to_tokens(1), None)
self.assertEqual(encoded.word_to_tokens(2), TokenSpan(start=2, end=3))
def test_batch_encoding_with_labels(self):
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], "labels": [0, 1]})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="np")
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (2, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (2,))
# test converting the converted
with CaptureStderr() as cs:
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="np")
self.assertFalse(len(cs.err), msg=f"should have no warning, but got {cs.err}")
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [1, 2, 3], "labels": 0})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="np", prepend_batch_axis=True)
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (1, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (1,))
@require_torch
def test_batch_encoding_with_labels_pt(self):
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], "labels": [0, 1]})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="pt")
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (2, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (2,))
# test converting the converted
with CaptureStderr() as cs:
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="pt")
self.assertFalse(len(cs.err), msg=f"should have no warning, but got {cs.err}")
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [1, 2, 3], "labels": 0})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="pt", prepend_batch_axis=True)
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (1, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (1,))
@require_tf
def test_batch_encoding_with_labels_tf(self):
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], "labels": [0, 1]})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="tf")
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (2, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (2,))
# test converting the converted
with CaptureStderr() as cs:
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="tf")
self.assertFalse(len(cs.err), msg=f"should have no warning, but got {cs.err}")
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [1, 2, 3], "labels": 0})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="tf", prepend_batch_axis=True)
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (1, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (1,))
@require_flax
def test_batch_encoding_with_labels_jax(self):
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], "labels": [0, 1]})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="jax")
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (2, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (2,))
# test converting the converted
with CaptureStderr() as cs:
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="jax")
self.assertFalse(len(cs.err), msg=f"should have no warning, but got {cs.err}")
batch = BatchEncoding({"inputs": [1, 2, 3], "labels": 0})
tensor_batch = batch.convert_to_tensors(tensor_type="jax", prepend_batch_axis=True)
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["inputs"].shape, (1, 3))
self.assertEqual(tensor_batch["labels"].shape, (1,))
def test_padding_accepts_tensors(self):
features = [{"input_ids": np.array([0, 1, 2])}, {"input_ids": np.array([0, 1, 2, 3])}]
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], np.ndarray))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True, return_tensors="np")
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], np.ndarray))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
@require_torch
def test_padding_accepts_tensors_pt(self):
import torch
features = [{"input_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2])}, {"input_ids": torch.tensor([0, 1, 2, 3])}]
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], torch.Tensor))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True, return_tensors="pt")
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], torch.Tensor))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
@require_tf
def test_padding_accepts_tensors_tf(self):
import tensorflow as tf
features = [{"input_ids": tf.constant([0, 1, 2])}, {"input_ids": tf.constant([0, 1, 2, 3])}]
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], tf.Tensor))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].numpy().tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
batch = tokenizer.pad(features, padding=True, return_tensors="tf")
self.assertTrue(isinstance(batch["input_ids"], tf.Tensor))
self.assertEqual(batch["input_ids"].numpy().tolist(), [[0, 1, 2, tokenizer.pad_token_id], [0, 1, 2, 3]])
@require_tokenizers
def test_instantiation_from_tokenizers(self):
bert_tokenizer = Tokenizer(WordPiece(unk_token="[UNK]"))
PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_object=bert_tokenizer)
@require_tokenizers
def test_instantiation_from_tokenizers_json_file(self):
bert_tokenizer = Tokenizer(WordPiece(unk_token="[UNK]"))
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
bert_tokenizer.save(os.path.join(tmpdirname, "tokenizer.json"))
PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_file=os.path.join(tmpdirname, "tokenizer.json"))
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/tokenization/test_tokenization_fast.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2019 HuggingFace Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import concurrent.futures
import json
import os
import shutil
import tempfile
import unittest
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, PreTrainedTokenizerFast
from transformers.testing_utils import require_tokenizers
from ..test_tokenization_common import TokenizerTesterMixin
@require_tokenizers
class PreTrainedTokenizationFastTest(TokenizerTesterMixin, unittest.TestCase):
rust_tokenizer_class = PreTrainedTokenizerFast
test_slow_tokenizer = False
test_rust_tokenizer = True
from_pretrained_vocab_key = "tokenizer_file"
def setUp(self):
self.test_rust_tokenizer = False # because we don't have pretrained_vocab_files_map
super().setUp()
self.test_rust_tokenizer = True
model_paths = ["robot-test/dummy-tokenizer-fast", "robot-test/dummy-tokenizer-wordlevel"]
self.bytelevel_bpe_model_name = "SaulLu/dummy-tokenizer-bytelevel-bpe"
# Inclusion of 2 tokenizers to test different types of models (Unigram and WordLevel for the moment)
self.tokenizers_list = [(PreTrainedTokenizerFast, model_path, {}) for model_path in model_paths]
tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast.from_pretrained(model_paths[0])
tokenizer.save_pretrained(self.tmpdirname)
def test_tokenizer_mismatch_warning(self):
# We disable this test for PreTrainedTokenizerFast because it is the only tokenizer that is not linked to any
# model
pass
def test_pretrained_model_lists(self):
# We disable this test for PreTrainedTokenizerFast because it is the only tokenizer that is not linked to any
# model
pass
def test_prepare_for_model(self):
# We disable this test for PreTrainedTokenizerFast because it is the only tokenizer that is not linked to any
# model
pass
def test_rust_tokenizer_signature(self):
# PreTrainedTokenizerFast doesn't have tokenizer_file in its signature
pass
def test_training_new_tokenizer(self):
tmpdirname_orig = self.tmpdirname
# Here we want to test the 2 available tokenizers that use 2 different types of models: Unigram and WordLevel.
for tokenizer, pretrained_name, kwargs in self.tokenizers_list:
with self.subTest(f"{tokenizer.__class__.__name__} ({pretrained_name})"):
try:
self.tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
tokenizer = self.rust_tokenizer_class.from_pretrained(pretrained_name, **kwargs)
tokenizer.save_pretrained(self.tmpdirname)
super().test_training_new_tokenizer()
finally:
# Even if the test fails, we must be sure that the folder is deleted and that the default tokenizer
# is restored
shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
self.tmpdirname = tmpdirname_orig
def test_training_new_tokenizer_with_special_tokens_change(self):
tmpdirname_orig = self.tmpdirname
# Here we want to test the 2 available tokenizers that use 2 different types of models: Unigram and WordLevel.
for tokenizer, pretrained_name, kwargs in self.tokenizers_list:
with self.subTest(f"{tokenizer.__class__.__name__} ({pretrained_name})"):
try:
self.tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
tokenizer = self.rust_tokenizer_class.from_pretrained(pretrained_name, **kwargs)
tokenizer.save_pretrained(self.tmpdirname)
super().test_training_new_tokenizer_with_special_tokens_change()
finally:
# Even if the test fails, we must be sure that the folder is deleted and that the default tokenizer
# is restored
shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
self.tmpdirname = tmpdirname_orig
def test_training_new_tokenizer_with_bytelevel(self):
tokenizer = self.rust_tokenizer_class.from_pretrained(self.bytelevel_bpe_model_name)
toy_text_iterator = ("a" for _ in range(1000))
new_tokenizer = tokenizer.train_new_from_iterator(text_iterator=toy_text_iterator, length=1000, vocab_size=50)
encoding_ids = new_tokenizer.encode("a🤗")
self.assertEqual(encoding_ids, [64, 172, 253, 97, 245])
def test_init_from_tokenizers_model(self):
from tokenizers import Tokenizer
sentences = ["Hello, y'all!", "How are you 😁 ? There should not be any issue right?"]
tokenizer = Tokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
# Enable padding
tokenizer.enable_padding(pad_id=0, pad_token="<pad>", length=512, pad_to_multiple_of=8)
self.assertEqual(
tokenizer.padding,
{
"length": 512,
"pad_to_multiple_of": 8,
"pad_id": 0,
"pad_token": "<pad>",
"pad_type_id": 0,
"direction": "right",
},
)
fast_tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_object=tokenizer)
tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
fast_tokenizer.save_pretrained(tmpdirname)
fast_from_saved = PreTrainedTokenizerFast.from_pretrained(tmpdirname)
for tok in [fast_tokenizer, fast_from_saved]:
self.assertEqual(tok.pad_token_id, 0)
self.assertEqual(tok.padding_side, "right")
self.assertEqual(tok.pad_token, "<pad>")
self.assertEqual(tok.init_kwargs["max_length"], 512)
self.assertEqual(tok.init_kwargs["pad_to_multiple_of"], 8)
# fmt: off
self.assertEqual(tok(sentences, padding = True), {'input_ids': [[8774, 6, 3, 63, 31, 1748, 55, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,0, 0, 0, 0],[ 571, 33, 25, 3, 2, 3, 58, 290, 225, 59, 36, 136, 962, 269, 58, 1]], 'token_type_ids': [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], 'attention_mask': [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]})
# fmt: on
tokenizer.enable_truncation(8, stride=0, strategy="longest_first", direction="right")
self.assertEqual(
tokenizer.truncation, {"max_length": 8, "stride": 0, "strategy": "longest_first", "direction": "right"}
)
fast_tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_object=tokenizer)
tmpdirname = tempfile.mkdtemp()
fast_tokenizer.save_pretrained(tmpdirname)
fast_from_saved = PreTrainedTokenizerFast.from_pretrained(tmpdirname)
for tok in [fast_tokenizer, fast_from_saved]:
self.assertEqual(tok.truncation_side, "right")
self.assertEqual(tok.init_kwargs["truncation_strategy"], "longest_first")
self.assertEqual(tok.init_kwargs["max_length"], 8)
self.assertEqual(tok.init_kwargs["stride"], 0)
# NOTE even if the model has a default max_length, it is not used...
# thus tok(sentences, truncation = True) does nothing and does not warn either
# fmt: off
self.assertEqual(tok(sentences, truncation = True, max_length = 8), {'input_ids': [[8774, 6, 3, 63, 31, 1748, 55, 1],[ 571, 33, 25, 3, 2, 3, 58, 1]], 'token_type_ids': [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], 'attention_mask': [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]})
# fmt: on
@require_tokenizers
class TokenizerVersioningTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_local_versioning(self):
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
json_tokenizer = json.loads(tokenizer._tokenizer.to_str())
json_tokenizer["model"]["vocab"]["huggingface"] = len(tokenizer)
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
# Hack to save this in the tokenizer_config.json
tokenizer.init_kwargs["fast_tokenizer_files"] = ["tokenizer.4.0.0.json"]
tokenizer.save_pretrained(tmp_dir)
json.dump(json_tokenizer, open(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tokenizer.4.0.0.json"), "w"))
# This should pick the new tokenizer file as the version of Transformers is > 4.0.0
new_tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(tmp_dir)
self.assertEqual(len(new_tokenizer), len(tokenizer) + 1)
json_tokenizer = json.loads(new_tokenizer._tokenizer.to_str())
self.assertIn("huggingface", json_tokenizer["model"]["vocab"])
# Will need to be adjusted if we reach v42 and this test is still here.
# Should pick the old tokenizer file as the version of Transformers is < 4.0.0
shutil.move(os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tokenizer.4.0.0.json"), os.path.join(tmp_dir, "tokenizer.42.0.0.json"))
tokenizer.init_kwargs["fast_tokenizer_files"] = ["tokenizer.42.0.0.json"]
tokenizer.save_pretrained(tmp_dir)
new_tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(tmp_dir)
self.assertEqual(len(new_tokenizer), len(tokenizer))
json_tokenizer = json.loads(new_tokenizer._tokenizer.to_str())
self.assertNotIn("huggingface", json_tokenizer["model"]["vocab"])
def test_repo_versioning(self):
# This repo has two tokenizer files, one for v4.0.0 and above with an added token, one for versions lower.
repo = "hf-internal-testing/test-two-tokenizers"
# This should pick the new tokenizer file as the version of Transformers is > 4.0.0
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(repo)
self.assertEqual(len(tokenizer), 28997)
json_tokenizer = json.loads(tokenizer._tokenizer.to_str())
self.assertIn("huggingface", json_tokenizer["model"]["vocab"])
# Testing an older version by monkey-patching the version in the module it's used.
import transformers as old_transformers
old_transformers.tokenization_utils_base.__version__ = "3.0.0"
old_tokenizer = old_transformers.models.auto.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(repo)
self.assertEqual(len(old_tokenizer), 28996)
json_tokenizer = json.loads(old_tokenizer._tokenizer.to_str())
self.assertNotIn("huggingface", json_tokenizer["model"]["vocab"])
@require_tokenizers
class ReduceMutableBorrowTests(unittest.TestCase):
def test_async_share_tokenizer(self):
# See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/12550
# and https://github.com/huggingface/tokenizers/issues/537
tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("robot-test/dummy-tokenizer-wordlevel")
text = "The Matrix is a 1999 science fiction action film."
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
futures = [executor.submit(self.fetch, tokenizer, text) for i in range(10)]
return_value = [future.result() for future in futures]
self.assertEqual(return_value, [[1, 10, 0, 8, 0, 18, 0, 0, 0, 2] for i in range(10)])
def fetch(self, tokenizer, text):
return tokenizer.encode(text, truncation="longest_first", padding="longest")
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/repo_utils/test_check_copies.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import re
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import unittest
import black
git_repo_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
sys.path.append(os.path.join(git_repo_path, "utils"))
import check_copies # noqa: E402
# This is the reference code that will be used in the tests.
# If BertLMPredictionHead is changed in modeling_bert.py, this code needs to be manually updated.
REFERENCE_CODE = """ def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__()
self.transform = BertPredictionHeadTransform(config)
# The output weights are the same as the input embeddings, but there is
# an output-only bias for each token.
self.decoder = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.vocab_size, bias=False)
self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(config.vocab_size))
# Need a link between the two variables so that the bias is correctly resized with `resize_token_embeddings`
self.decoder.bias = self.bias
def forward(self, hidden_states):
hidden_states = self.transform(hidden_states)
hidden_states = self.decoder(hidden_states)
return hidden_states
"""
class CopyCheckTester(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.transformer_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
os.makedirs(os.path.join(self.transformer_dir, "models/bert/"))
check_copies.TRANSFORMER_PATH = self.transformer_dir
shutil.copy(
os.path.join(git_repo_path, "src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"),
os.path.join(self.transformer_dir, "models/bert/modeling_bert.py"),
)
def tearDown(self):
check_copies.TRANSFORMER_PATH = "src/transformers"
shutil.rmtree(self.transformer_dir)
def check_copy_consistency(self, comment, class_name, class_code, overwrite_result=None):
code = comment + f"\nclass {class_name}(nn.Module):\n" + class_code
if overwrite_result is not None:
expected = comment + f"\nclass {class_name}(nn.Module):\n" + overwrite_result
mode = black.Mode(target_versions={black.TargetVersion.PY35}, line_length=119)
code = black.format_str(code, mode=mode)
fname = os.path.join(self.transformer_dir, "new_code.py")
with open(fname, "w", newline="\n") as f:
f.write(code)
if overwrite_result is None:
self.assertTrue(len(check_copies.is_copy_consistent(fname)) == 0)
else:
check_copies.is_copy_consistent(f.name, overwrite=True)
with open(fname, "r") as f:
self.assertTrue(f.read(), expected)
def test_find_code_in_transformers(self):
code = check_copies.find_code_in_transformers("models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead")
self.assertEqual(code, REFERENCE_CODE)
def test_is_copy_consistent(self):
# Base copy consistency
self.check_copy_consistency(
"# Copied from transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead",
"BertLMPredictionHead",
REFERENCE_CODE + "\n",
)
# With no empty line at the end
self.check_copy_consistency(
"# Copied from transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead",
"BertLMPredictionHead",
REFERENCE_CODE,
)
# Copy consistency with rename
self.check_copy_consistency(
"# Copied from transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead with Bert->TestModel",
"TestModelLMPredictionHead",
re.sub("Bert", "TestModel", REFERENCE_CODE),
)
# Copy consistency with a really long name
long_class_name = "TestModelWithAReallyLongNameBecauseSomePeopleLikeThatForSomeReason"
self.check_copy_consistency(
f"# Copied from transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead with Bert->{long_class_name}",
f"{long_class_name}LMPredictionHead",
re.sub("Bert", long_class_name, REFERENCE_CODE),
)
# Copy consistency with overwrite
self.check_copy_consistency(
"# Copied from transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertLMPredictionHead with Bert->TestModel",
"TestModelLMPredictionHead",
REFERENCE_CODE,
overwrite_result=re.sub("Bert", "TestModel", REFERENCE_CODE),
)
def test_convert_to_localized_md(self):
localized_readme = check_copies.LOCALIZED_READMES["README_zh-hans.md"]
md_list = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/albert.html)** (from Google Research and the"
" Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) released with the paper [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for"
" Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), by Zhenzhong"
" Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut.\n1."
" **[DistilBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/distilbert.html)** (from HuggingFace),"
" released together with the paper [DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and"
" lighter](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108) by Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut and Thomas Wolf. The same"
" method has been applied to compress GPT2 into"
" [DistilGPT2](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation), RoBERTa into"
" [DistilRoBERTa](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation),"
" Multilingual BERT into"
" [DistilmBERT](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation) and a German"
" version of DistilBERT.\n1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/electra.html)**"
" (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders"
" as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang"
" Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning."
)
localized_md_list = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/albert.html)** (来自 Google Research and the"
" Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) 伴随论文 [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of"
" Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), 由 Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian"
" Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut 发布。\n"
)
converted_md_list_sample = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/albert.html)** (来自 Google Research and the"
" Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) 伴随论文 [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of"
" Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), 由 Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian"
" Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut 发布。\n1."
" **[DistilBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/distilbert.html)** (来自 HuggingFace) 伴随论文"
" [DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and"
" lighter](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108) 由 Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut and Thomas Wolf 发布。 The same"
" method has been applied to compress GPT2 into"
" [DistilGPT2](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation), RoBERTa into"
" [DistilRoBERTa](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation),"
" Multilingual BERT into"
" [DistilmBERT](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/distillation) and a German"
" version of DistilBERT.\n1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/electra.html)** (来自"
" Google Research/Stanford University) 伴随论文 [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather"
" than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) 由 Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le,"
" Christopher D. Manning 发布。\n"
)
num_models_equal, converted_md_list = check_copies.convert_to_localized_md(
md_list, localized_md_list, localized_readme["format_model_list"]
)
self.assertFalse(num_models_equal)
self.assertEqual(converted_md_list, converted_md_list_sample)
num_models_equal, converted_md_list = check_copies.convert_to_localized_md(
md_list, converted_md_list, localized_readme["format_model_list"]
)
# Check whether the number of models is equal to README.md after conversion.
self.assertTrue(num_models_equal)
link_changed_md_list = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/albert.html)** (from Google Research and the"
" Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) released with the paper [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for"
" Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), by Zhenzhong"
" Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut."
)
link_unchanged_md_list = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/main/model_doc/albert.html)** (来自 Google Research and"
" the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) 伴随论文 [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of"
" Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), 由 Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian"
" Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut 发布。\n"
)
converted_md_list_sample = (
"1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/albert.html)** (来自 Google Research and the"
" Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) 伴随论文 [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of"
" Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), 由 Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian"
" Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut 发布。\n"
)
num_models_equal, converted_md_list = check_copies.convert_to_localized_md(
link_changed_md_list, link_unchanged_md_list, localized_readme["format_model_list"]
)
# Check if the model link is synchronized.
self.assertEqual(converted_md_list, converted_md_list_sample)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/repo_utils/test_tests_fetcher.py | # Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import unittest
from contextlib import contextmanager
from pathlib import Path
from git import Repo
from transformers.testing_utils import CaptureStdout
REPO_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
sys.path.append(os.path.join(REPO_PATH, "utils"))
import tests_fetcher # noqa: E402
from tests_fetcher import ( # noqa: E402
checkout_commit,
clean_code,
create_module_to_test_map,
create_reverse_dependency_map,
create_reverse_dependency_tree,
diff_is_docstring_only,
extract_imports,
get_all_tests,
get_diff,
get_module_dependencies,
get_tree_starting_at,
infer_tests_to_run,
init_test_examples_dependencies,
parse_commit_message,
print_tree_deps_of,
)
BERT_MODELING_FILE = "src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"
BERT_MODEL_FILE = """from ...modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel
from ...utils import is_torch_available
from .configuration_bert import BertConfig
class BertModel:
'''
This is the docstring.
'''
This is the code
"""
BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING = """from ...modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel
from ...utils import is_torch_available
from .configuration_bert import BertConfig
class BertModel:
'''
This is the docstring. It has been updated.
'''
This is the code
"""
BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_CODE = """from ...modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel
from ...utils import is_torch_available
from .configuration_bert import BertConfig
class BertModel:
'''
This is the docstring.
'''
This is the code. It has been updated
"""
def create_tmp_repo(tmp_dir, models=None):
"""
Creates a repository in a temporary directory mimicking the structure of Transformers. Uses the list of models
provided (which defaults to just `["bert"]`).
"""
tmp_dir = Path(tmp_dir)
if tmp_dir.exists():
shutil.rmtree(tmp_dir)
tmp_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
repo = Repo.init(tmp_dir)
if models is None:
models = ["bert"]
class_names = [model[0].upper() + model[1:] for model in models]
transformers_dir = tmp_dir / "src" / "transformers"
transformers_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with open(transformers_dir / "__init__.py", "w") as f:
init_lines = ["from .utils import cached_file, is_torch_available"]
init_lines.extend(
[f"from .models.{model} import {cls}Config, {cls}Model" for model, cls in zip(models, class_names)]
)
f.write("\n".join(init_lines) + "\n")
with open(transformers_dir / "configuration_utils.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from .utils import cached_file\n\ncode")
with open(transformers_dir / "modeling_utils.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from .utils import cached_file\n\ncode")
utils_dir = tmp_dir / "src" / "transformers" / "utils"
utils_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with open(utils_dir / "__init__.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from .hub import cached_file\nfrom .imports import is_torch_available\n")
with open(utils_dir / "hub.py", "w") as f:
f.write("import huggingface_hub\n\ncode")
with open(utils_dir / "imports.py", "w") as f:
f.write("code")
model_dir = tmp_dir / "src" / "transformers" / "models"
model_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with open(model_dir / "__init__.py", "w") as f:
f.write("\n".join([f"import {model}" for model in models]))
for model, cls in zip(models, class_names):
model_dir = tmp_dir / "src" / "transformers" / "models" / model
model_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with open(model_dir / "__init__.py", "w") as f:
f.write(f"from .configuration_{model} import {cls}Config\nfrom .modeling_{model} import {cls}Model\n")
with open(model_dir / f"configuration_{model}.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from ...configuration_utils import PretrainedConfig\ncode")
with open(model_dir / f"modeling_{model}.py", "w") as f:
modeling_code = BERT_MODEL_FILE.replace("bert", model).replace("Bert", cls)
f.write(modeling_code)
test_dir = tmp_dir / "tests"
test_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with open(test_dir / "test_modeling_common.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from transformers.modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel\ncode")
for model, cls in zip(models, class_names):
test_model_dir = test_dir / "models" / model
test_model_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
(test_model_dir / "__init__.py").touch()
with open(test_model_dir / f"test_modeling_{model}.py", "w") as f:
f.write(
f"from transformers import {cls}Config, {cls}Model\nfrom ...test_modeling_common import ModelTesterMixin\n\ncode"
)
example_dir = tmp_dir / "examples"
example_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
for framework in ["flax", "pytorch", "tensorflow"]:
framework_dir = example_dir / framework
framework_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with open(framework_dir / f"test_{framework}_examples.py", "w") as f:
f.write("""test_args = "run_glue.py"\n""")
glue_dir = framework_dir / "text-classification"
glue_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with open(glue_dir / "run_glue.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from transformers import BertModel\n\ncode")
repo.index.add(["examples", "src", "tests"])
repo.index.commit("Initial commit")
repo.create_head("main")
repo.head.reference = repo.refs.main
repo.delete_head("master")
return repo
@contextmanager
def patch_transformer_repo_path(new_folder):
"""
Temporarily patches the variables defines in `tests_fetcher` to use a different location for the repo.
"""
old_repo_path = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO = Path(new_folder).resolve()
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_EXAMPLES = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "examples"
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_TRANFORMERS = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "src/transformers"
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_TESTS = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "tests"
try:
yield
finally:
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO = old_repo_path
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_EXAMPLES = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "examples"
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_TRANFORMERS = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "src/transformers"
tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_TESTS = tests_fetcher.PATH_TO_REPO / "tests"
def commit_changes(filenames, contents, repo, commit_message="Commit"):
"""
Commit new `contents` to `filenames` inside a given `repo`.
"""
if not isinstance(filenames, list):
filenames = [filenames]
if not isinstance(contents, list):
contents = [contents]
folder = Path(repo.working_dir)
for filename, content in zip(filenames, contents):
with open(folder / filename, "w") as f:
f.write(content)
repo.index.add(filenames)
commit = repo.index.commit(commit_message)
return commit.hexsha
class TestFetcherTester(unittest.TestCase):
def test_checkout_commit(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
initial_sha = repo.head.commit.hexsha
new_sha = commit_changes(BERT_MODELING_FILE, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING, repo)
assert repo.head.commit.hexsha == new_sha
with checkout_commit(repo, initial_sha):
assert repo.head.commit.hexsha == initial_sha
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE) as f:
assert f.read() == BERT_MODEL_FILE
assert repo.head.commit.hexsha == new_sha
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE) as f:
assert f.read() == BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING
def test_clean_code(self):
# Clean code removes all strings in triple quotes
assert clean_code('"""\nDocstring\n"""\ncode\n"""Long string"""\ncode\n') == "code\ncode"
assert clean_code("'''\nDocstring\n'''\ncode\n'''Long string'''\ncode\n'''") == "code\ncode"
# Clean code removes all comments
assert clean_code("code\n# Comment\ncode") == "code\ncode"
assert clean_code("code # inline comment\ncode") == "code \ncode"
def test_get_all_tests(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert get_all_tests() == ["tests/models/bert", "tests/test_modeling_common.py"]
def test_get_all_tests_on_full_repo(self):
all_tests = get_all_tests()
assert "tests/models/albert" in all_tests
assert "tests/models/bert" in all_tests
assert "tests/repo_utils" in all_tests
assert "tests/test_pipeline_mixin.py" in all_tests
assert "tests/models" not in all_tests
assert "tests/__pycache__" not in all_tests
assert "tests/models/albert/test_modeling_albert.py" not in all_tests
assert "tests/repo_utils/test_tests_fetcher.py" not in all_tests
def test_diff_is_docstring_only(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
branching_point = repo.refs.main.commit
bert_file = BERT_MODELING_FILE
commit_changes(bert_file, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING, repo)
assert diff_is_docstring_only(repo, branching_point, bert_file)
commit_changes(bert_file, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_CODE, repo)
assert not diff_is_docstring_only(repo, branching_point, bert_file)
def test_get_diff(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
initial_commit = repo.refs.main.commit
bert_file = BERT_MODELING_FILE
commit_changes(bert_file, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING, repo)
assert get_diff(repo, repo.head.commit, repo.head.commit.parents) == []
commit_changes(bert_file, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_DOCSTRING + "\n# Adding a comment\n", repo)
assert get_diff(repo, repo.head.commit, repo.head.commit.parents) == []
commit_changes(bert_file, BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_CODE, repo)
assert get_diff(repo, repo.head.commit, repo.head.commit.parents) == [
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"
]
commit_changes("src/transformers/utils/hub.py", "import huggingface_hub\n\nnew code", repo)
assert get_diff(repo, repo.head.commit, repo.head.commit.parents) == ["src/transformers/utils/hub.py"]
assert get_diff(repo, repo.head.commit, [initial_commit]) == [
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
"src/transformers/utils/hub.py",
]
def test_extract_imports_relative(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/modeling_utils.py", ["PreTrainedModel"]),
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["is_torch_available"]),
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", ["BertConfig"]),
]
expected_utils_imports = [
("src/transformers/utils/hub.py", ["cached_file"]),
("src/transformers/utils/imports.py", ["is_torch_available"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
assert extract_imports("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py") == expected_utils_imports
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "w") as f:
f.write(
"from ...utils import cached_file, is_torch_available\nfrom .configuration_bert import BertConfig\n"
)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["cached_file", "is_torch_available"]),
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", ["BertConfig"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
# Test with multi-line imports
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "w") as f:
f.write(
"from ...utils import (\n cached_file,\n is_torch_available\n)\nfrom .configuration_bert import BertConfig\n"
)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", ["BertConfig"]),
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["cached_file", "is_torch_available"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
def test_extract_imports_absolute(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "w") as f:
f.write(
"from transformers.utils import cached_file, is_torch_available\nfrom transformers.models.bert.configuration_bert import BertConfig\n"
)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["cached_file", "is_torch_available"]),
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", ["BertConfig"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
# Test with multi-line imports
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "w") as f:
f.write(
"from transformers.utils import (\n cached_file,\n is_torch_available\n)\nfrom transformers.models.bert.configuration_bert import BertConfig\n"
)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", ["BertConfig"]),
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["cached_file", "is_torch_available"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
# Test with base imports
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "w") as f:
f.write(
"from transformers.utils import (\n cached_file,\n is_torch_available\n)\nfrom transformers import BertConfig\n"
)
expected_bert_imports = [
("src/transformers/__init__.py", ["BertConfig"]),
("src/transformers/utils/__init__.py", ["cached_file", "is_torch_available"]),
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert extract_imports(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_imports
def test_get_module_dependencies(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
expected_bert_dependencies = [
"src/transformers/modeling_utils.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert get_module_dependencies(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_dependencies
expected_test_bert_dependencies = [
"tests/test_modeling_common.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert (
get_module_dependencies("tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py")
== expected_test_bert_dependencies
)
# Test with a submodule
(tmp_folder / "src/transformers/utils/logging.py").touch()
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "a") as f:
f.write("from ...utils import logging\n")
expected_bert_dependencies = [
"src/transformers/modeling_utils.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/utils/logging.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert get_module_dependencies(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_dependencies
# Test with an object non-imported in the init
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with open(tmp_folder / BERT_MODELING_FILE, "a") as f:
f.write("from ...utils import CONSTANT\n")
expected_bert_dependencies = [
"src/transformers/modeling_utils.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/utils/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert get_module_dependencies(BERT_MODELING_FILE) == expected_bert_dependencies
# Test with an example
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
expected_example_dependencies = ["src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"]
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
assert (
get_module_dependencies("examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py")
== expected_example_dependencies
)
def test_create_reverse_dependency_tree(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
tree = create_reverse_dependency_tree()
init_edges = [
"src/transformers/utils/hub.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
]
assert {f for f, g in tree if g == "src/transformers/__init__.py"} == set(init_edges)
bert_edges = [
"src/transformers/modeling_utils.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
]
assert {f for f, g in tree if g == "src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"} == set(bert_edges)
test_bert_edges = [
"tests/test_modeling_common.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
]
assert {f for f, g in tree if g == "tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py"} == set(test_bert_edges)
def test_get_tree_starting_at(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
edges = create_reverse_dependency_tree()
bert_tree = get_tree_starting_at("src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py", edges)
config_utils_tree = get_tree_starting_at("src/transformers/configuration_utils.py", edges)
expected_bert_tree = [
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
[("src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py", "tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py")],
]
assert bert_tree == expected_bert_tree
expected_config_tree = [
"src/transformers/configuration_utils.py",
[("src/transformers/configuration_utils.py", "src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py")],
[
("src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py", "tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py"),
(
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
),
],
]
# Order of the edges is random
assert [set(v) for v in config_utils_tree] == [set(v) for v in expected_config_tree]
def test_print_tree_deps_of(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
# There are two possible outputs since the order of the last two lines is non-deterministic.
expected_std_out = """src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py
tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py
src/transformers/configuration_utils.py
src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py
src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py
tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py"""
expected_std_out_2 = """src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py
tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py
src/transformers/configuration_utils.py
src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py
tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py
src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"""
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder), CaptureStdout() as cs:
print_tree_deps_of("src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py")
print_tree_deps_of("src/transformers/configuration_utils.py")
assert cs.out.strip() in [expected_std_out, expected_std_out_2]
def test_init_test_examples_dependencies(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
expected_example_deps = {
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py": [
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
],
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py": [
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
],
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py": [
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
],
}
expected_examples = {
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
}
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
example_deps, all_examples = init_test_examples_dependencies()
assert example_deps == expected_example_deps
assert {str(f.relative_to(tmp_folder)) for f in all_examples} == expected_examples
def test_create_reverse_dependency_map(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
reverse_map = create_reverse_dependency_map()
# impact of BERT modeling file (note that we stop at the inits and don't go down further)
expected_bert_deps = {
"src/transformers/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/__init__.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
}
assert set(reverse_map["src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py"]) == expected_bert_deps
# init gets the direct deps (and their recursive deps)
expected_init_deps = {
"src/transformers/utils/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/utils/hub.py",
"src/transformers/utils/imports.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
"src/transformers/configuration_utils.py",
"src/transformers/modeling_utils.py",
"tests/test_modeling_common.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
}
assert set(reverse_map["src/transformers/__init__.py"]) == expected_init_deps
expected_init_deps = {
"src/transformers/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
}
assert set(reverse_map["src/transformers/models/bert/__init__.py"]) == expected_init_deps
# Test that with more models init of bert only gets deps to bert.
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=["bert", "gpt2"])
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
reverse_map = create_reverse_dependency_map()
# init gets the direct deps (and their recursive deps)
expected_init_deps = {
"src/transformers/__init__.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/configuration_bert.py",
"src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/flax/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/text-classification/run_glue.py",
}
assert set(reverse_map["src/transformers/models/bert/__init__.py"]) == expected_init_deps
def test_create_module_to_test_map(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
models = models = ["bert", "gpt2"] + [f"bert{i}" for i in range(10)]
create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
test_map = create_module_to_test_map(filter_models=True)
expected_bert_tests = {
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
}
for model in models:
if model != "bert":
assert test_map[f"src/transformers/models/{model}/modeling_{model}.py"] == [
f"tests/models/{model}/test_modeling_{model}.py"
]
else:
assert set(test_map[f"src/transformers/models/{model}/modeling_{model}.py"]) == expected_bert_tests
# Init got filtered
expected_init_tests = {
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
"tests/test_modeling_common.py",
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"tests/models/gpt2/test_modeling_gpt2.py",
}
assert set(test_map["src/transformers/__init__.py"]) == expected_init_tests
def test_infer_tests_to_run(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
models = ["bert", "gpt2"] + [f"bert{i}" for i in range(10)]
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
commit_changes("src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py", BERT_MODEL_FILE_NEW_CODE, repo)
example_tests = {
"examples/flax/test_flax_examples.py",
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"examples/tensorflow/test_tensorflow_examples.py",
}
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", diff_with_last_commit=True)
with open(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", "r") as f:
tests_to_run = f.read()
with open(tmp_folder / "examples_test_list.txt", "r") as f:
example_tests_to_run = f.read()
assert tests_to_run == "tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py"
assert set(example_tests_to_run.split(" ")) == example_tests
# Fake a new model addition
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
branch = repo.create_head("new_model")
branch.checkout()
with open(tmp_folder / "src/transformers/__init__.py", "a") as f:
f.write("from .models.t5 import T5Config, T5Model\n")
model_dir = tmp_folder / "src/transformers/models/t5"
model_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with open(model_dir / "__init__.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from .configuration_t5 import T5Config\nfrom .modeling_t5 import T5Model\n")
with open(model_dir / "configuration_t5.py", "w") as f:
f.write("from ...configuration_utils import PretrainedConfig\ncode")
with open(model_dir / "modeling_t5.py", "w") as f:
modeling_code = BERT_MODEL_FILE.replace("bert", "t5").replace("Bert", "T5")
f.write(modeling_code)
test_dir = tmp_folder / "tests/models/t5"
test_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
(test_dir / "__init__.py").touch()
with open(test_dir / "test_modeling_t5.py", "w") as f:
f.write(
"from transformers import T5Config, T5Model\nfrom ...test_modeling_common import ModelTesterMixin\n\ncode"
)
repo.index.add(["src", "tests"])
repo.index.commit("Add T5 model")
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt")
with open(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", "r") as f:
tests_to_run = f.read()
with open(tmp_folder / "examples_test_list.txt", "r") as f:
example_tests_to_run = f.read()
expected_tests = {
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"tests/models/gpt2/test_modeling_gpt2.py",
"tests/models/t5/test_modeling_t5.py",
"tests/test_modeling_common.py",
}
assert set(tests_to_run.split(" ")) == expected_tests
assert set(example_tests_to_run.split(" ")) == example_tests
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", filter_models=False)
with open(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", "r") as f:
tests_to_run = f.read()
with open(tmp_folder / "examples_test_list.txt", "r") as f:
example_tests_to_run = f.read()
expected_tests = [f"tests/models/{name}/test_modeling_{name}.py" for name in models + ["t5"]]
expected_tests = set(expected_tests + ["tests/test_modeling_common.py"])
assert set(tests_to_run.split(" ")) == expected_tests
assert set(example_tests_to_run.split(" ")) == example_tests
def test_infer_tests_to_run_with_test_modifs(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
models = ["bert", "gpt2"] + [f"bert{i}" for i in range(10)]
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
commit_changes(
"tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py",
"from transformers import BertConfig, BertModel\nfrom ...test_modeling_common import ModelTesterMixin\n\ncode1",
repo,
)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", diff_with_last_commit=True)
with open(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", "r") as f:
tests_to_run = f.read()
assert tests_to_run == "tests/models/bert/test_modeling_bert.py"
def test_infer_tests_to_run_with_examples_modifs(self):
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_folder:
tmp_folder = Path(tmp_folder)
models = ["bert", "gpt2"]
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
# Modification in one example trigger the corresponding test
commit_changes(
"examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py",
"from transformers import BertModeln\n\ncode1",
repo,
)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", diff_with_last_commit=True)
with open(tmp_folder / "examples_test_list.txt", "r") as f:
example_tests_to_run = f.read()
assert example_tests_to_run == "examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py"
# Modification in one test example file trigger that test
repo = create_tmp_repo(tmp_folder, models=models)
commit_changes(
"examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py",
"""test_args = "run_glue.py"\nmore_code""",
repo,
)
with patch_transformer_repo_path(tmp_folder):
infer_tests_to_run(tmp_folder / "test-output.txt", diff_with_last_commit=True)
with open(tmp_folder / "examples_test_list.txt", "r") as f:
example_tests_to_run = f.read()
assert example_tests_to_run == "examples/pytorch/test_pytorch_examples.py"
def test_parse_commit_message(self):
assert parse_commit_message("Normal commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": False, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[skip ci] commit") == {"skip": True, "no_filter": False, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[ci skip] commit") == {"skip": True, "no_filter": False, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[skip-ci] commit") == {"skip": True, "no_filter": False, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[skip_ci] commit") == {"skip": True, "no_filter": False, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[no filter] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": True, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[no-filter] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": True, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[no_filter] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": True, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[filter-no] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": True, "test_all": False}
assert parse_commit_message("[test all] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": False, "test_all": True}
assert parse_commit_message("[all test] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": False, "test_all": True}
assert parse_commit_message("[test-all] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": False, "test_all": True}
assert parse_commit_message("[all_test] commit") == {"skip": False, "no_filter": False, "test_all": True}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/repo_utils/test_get_test_info.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2023 The HuggingFace Inc. team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import unittest
git_repo_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
sys.path.append(os.path.join(git_repo_path, "utils"))
import get_test_info # noqa: E402
from get_test_info import ( # noqa: E402
get_model_to_test_mapping,
get_model_to_tester_mapping,
get_test_to_tester_mapping,
)
BERT_TEST_FILE = os.path.join("tests", "models", "bert", "test_modeling_bert.py")
BLIP_TEST_FILE = os.path.join("tests", "models", "blip", "test_modeling_blip.py")
class GetTestInfoTester(unittest.TestCase):
def test_get_test_to_tester_mapping(self):
bert_test_tester_mapping = get_test_to_tester_mapping(BERT_TEST_FILE)
blip_test_tester_mapping = get_test_to_tester_mapping(BLIP_TEST_FILE)
EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING = {"BertModelTest": "BertModelTester"}
EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING = {
"BlipModelTest": "BlipModelTester",
"BlipTextImageModelTest": "BlipTextImageModelsModelTester",
"BlipTextModelTest": "BlipTextModelTester",
"BlipTextRetrievalModelTest": "BlipTextRetrievalModelTester",
"BlipVQAModelTest": "BlipVQAModelTester",
"BlipVisionModelTest": "BlipVisionModelTester",
}
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(bert_test_tester_mapping), EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING)
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(blip_test_tester_mapping), EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING)
def test_get_model_to_test_mapping(self):
bert_model_test_mapping = get_model_to_test_mapping(BERT_TEST_FILE)
blip_model_test_mapping = get_model_to_test_mapping(BLIP_TEST_FILE)
EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING = {
"BertForMaskedLM": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForMultipleChoice": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForNextSentencePrediction": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForPreTraining": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForQuestionAnswering": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForSequenceClassification": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertForTokenClassification": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertLMHeadModel": ["BertModelTest"],
"BertModel": ["BertModelTest"],
}
EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING = {
"BlipForConditionalGeneration": ["BlipTextImageModelTest"],
"BlipForImageTextRetrieval": ["BlipTextRetrievalModelTest"],
"BlipForQuestionAnswering": ["BlipVQAModelTest"],
"BlipModel": ["BlipModelTest"],
"BlipTextModel": ["BlipTextModelTest"],
"BlipVisionModel": ["BlipVisionModelTest"],
}
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(bert_model_test_mapping), EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING)
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(blip_model_test_mapping), EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING)
def test_get_model_to_tester_mapping(self):
bert_model_tester_mapping = get_model_to_tester_mapping(BERT_TEST_FILE)
blip_model_tester_mapping = get_model_to_tester_mapping(BLIP_TEST_FILE)
EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING = {
"BertForMaskedLM": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForMultipleChoice": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForNextSentencePrediction": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForPreTraining": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForQuestionAnswering": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForSequenceClassification": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertForTokenClassification": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertLMHeadModel": ["BertModelTester"],
"BertModel": ["BertModelTester"],
}
EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING = {
"BlipForConditionalGeneration": ["BlipTextImageModelsModelTester"],
"BlipForImageTextRetrieval": ["BlipTextRetrievalModelTester"],
"BlipForQuestionAnswering": ["BlipVQAModelTester"],
"BlipModel": ["BlipModelTester"],
"BlipTextModel": ["BlipTextModelTester"],
"BlipVisionModel": ["BlipVisionModelTester"],
}
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(bert_model_tester_mapping), EXPECTED_BERT_MAPPING)
self.assertEqual(get_test_info.to_json(blip_model_tester_mapping), EXPECTED_BLIP_MAPPING)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/repo_utils/test_check_dummies.py | # Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import unittest
git_repo_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
sys.path.append(os.path.join(git_repo_path, "utils"))
import check_dummies # noqa: E402
from check_dummies import create_dummy_files, create_dummy_object, find_backend, read_init # noqa: E402
# Align TRANSFORMERS_PATH in check_dummies with the current path
check_dummies.PATH_TO_TRANSFORMERS = os.path.join(git_repo_path, "src", "transformers")
DUMMY_CONSTANT = """
{0} = None
"""
DUMMY_CLASS = """
class {0}(metaclass=DummyObject):
_backends = {1}
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
requires_backends(self, {1})
"""
DUMMY_FUNCTION = """
def {0}(*args, **kwargs):
requires_backends({0}, {1})
"""
class CheckDummiesTester(unittest.TestCase):
def test_find_backend(self):
no_backend = find_backend(' _import_structure["models.albert"].append("AlbertTokenizerFast")')
self.assertIsNone(no_backend)
simple_backend = find_backend(" if not is_tokenizers_available():")
self.assertEqual(simple_backend, "tokenizers")
backend_with_underscore = find_backend(" if not is_tensorflow_text_available():")
self.assertEqual(backend_with_underscore, "tensorflow_text")
double_backend = find_backend(" if not (is_sentencepiece_available() and is_tokenizers_available()):")
self.assertEqual(double_backend, "sentencepiece_and_tokenizers")
double_backend_with_underscore = find_backend(
" if not (is_sentencepiece_available() and is_tensorflow_text_available()):"
)
self.assertEqual(double_backend_with_underscore, "sentencepiece_and_tensorflow_text")
triple_backend = find_backend(
" if not (is_sentencepiece_available() and is_tokenizers_available() and is_vision_available()):"
)
self.assertEqual(triple_backend, "sentencepiece_and_tokenizers_and_vision")
def test_read_init(self):
objects = read_init()
# We don't assert on the exact list of keys to allow for smooth grow of backend-specific objects
self.assertIn("torch", objects)
self.assertIn("tensorflow_text", objects)
self.assertIn("sentencepiece_and_tokenizers", objects)
# Likewise, we can't assert on the exact content of a key
self.assertIn("BertModel", objects["torch"])
self.assertIn("TFBertModel", objects["tf"])
self.assertIn("FlaxBertModel", objects["flax"])
self.assertIn("BertModel", objects["torch"])
self.assertIn("TFBertTokenizer", objects["tensorflow_text"])
self.assertIn("convert_slow_tokenizer", objects["sentencepiece_and_tokenizers"])
def test_create_dummy_object(self):
dummy_constant = create_dummy_object("CONSTANT", "'torch'")
self.assertEqual(dummy_constant, "\nCONSTANT = None\n")
dummy_function = create_dummy_object("function", "'torch'")
self.assertEqual(
dummy_function, "\ndef function(*args, **kwargs):\n requires_backends(function, 'torch')\n"
)
expected_dummy_class = """
class FakeClass(metaclass=DummyObject):
_backends = 'torch'
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
requires_backends(self, 'torch')
"""
dummy_class = create_dummy_object("FakeClass", "'torch'")
self.assertEqual(dummy_class, expected_dummy_class)
def test_create_dummy_files(self):
expected_dummy_pytorch_file = """# This file is autogenerated by the command `make fix-copies`, do not edit.
from ..utils import DummyObject, requires_backends
CONSTANT = None
def function(*args, **kwargs):
requires_backends(function, ["torch"])
class FakeClass(metaclass=DummyObject):
_backends = ["torch"]
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
requires_backends(self, ["torch"])
"""
dummy_files = create_dummy_files({"torch": ["CONSTANT", "function", "FakeClass"]})
self.assertEqual(dummy_files["torch"], expected_dummy_pytorch_file)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/input.txt | Who was Jim Henson ? ||| Jim Henson was a puppeteer
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/preprocessor_config.json | {
"feature_extractor_type": "Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor",
"processor_class": "Wav2Vec2Processor"
} | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/vocab.txt | [PAD]
[SEP]
[MASK]
[CLS]
[unused3]
[unused4]
[unused5]
[unused6]
[unused7]
[unused8]
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/add_distilbert_like_config.json | {
"add_copied_from": true,
"old_model_type": "distilbert",
"new_model_patterns": {
"model_name": "BERT New",
"checkpoint": "huggingface/bert-new-base",
"model_type": "bert-new",
"model_lower_cased": "bert_new",
"model_camel_cased": "BertNew",
"model_upper_cased": "BERT_NEW",
"config_class": "BertNewConfig",
"tokenizer_class": "DistilBertTokenizer"
},
"frameworks": [
"pt",
"tf",
"flax"
]
} | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/merges.txt | #version: 0.2
Ġ l
Ġl o
Ġlo w
e r
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/dummy_feature_extractor_config.json | {
"feature_extractor_type": "Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor",
"processor_class": "Wav2Vec2Processor"
}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/dummy-config.json | {
"model_type": "roberta"
} | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/test_entity_vocab.json | {"[MASK]": 0, "[UNK]": 1, "[PAD]": 2, "DUMMY": 3, "DUMMY2": 4, "[MASK2]": 5} | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/sample_text.txt | This text is included to make sure Unicode is handled properly: 力加勝北区ᴵᴺᵀᵃছজটডণত
Text should be one-sentence-per-line, with empty lines between documents.
This sample text is public domain and was randomly selected from Project Guttenberg.
The rain had only ceased with the gray streaks of morning at Blazing Star, and the settlement awoke to a moral sense of cleanliness, and the finding of forgotten knives, tin cups, and smaller camp utensils, where the heavy showers had washed away the debris and dust heaps before the cabin doors.
Indeed, it was recorded in Blazing Star that a fortunate early riser had once picked up on the highway a solid chunk of gold quartz which the rain had freed from its incumbering soil, and washed into immediate and glittering popularity.
Possibly this may have been the reason why early risers in that locality, during the rainy season, adopted a thoughtful habit of body, and seldom lifted their eyes to the rifted or india-ink washed skies above them.
"Cass" Beard had risen early that morning, but not with a view to discovery.
A leak in his cabin roof,--quite consistent with his careless, improvident habits,--had roused him at 4 A. M., with a flooded "bunk" and wet blankets.
The chips from his wood pile refused to kindle a fire to dry his bed-clothes, and he had recourse to a more provident neighbor's to supply the deficiency.
This was nearly opposite.
Mr. Cassius crossed the highway, and stopped suddenly.
Something glittered in the nearest red pool before him.
Gold, surely!
But, wonderful to relate, not an irregular, shapeless fragment of crude ore, fresh from Nature's crucible, but a bit of jeweler's handicraft in the form of a plain gold ring.
Looking at it more attentively, he saw that it bore the inscription, "May to Cass."
Like most of his fellow gold-seekers, Cass was superstitious.
The fountain of classic wisdom, Hypatia herself.
As the ancient sage--the name is unimportant to a monk--pumped water nightly that he might study by day, so I, the guardian of cloaks and parasols, at the sacred doors of her lecture-room, imbibe celestial knowledge.
From my youth I felt in me a soul above the matter-entangled herd.
She revealed to me the glorious fact, that I am a spark of Divinity itself.
A fallen star, I am, sir!' continued he, pensively, stroking his lean stomach--'a fallen star!--fallen, if the dignity of philosophy will allow of the simile, among the hogs of the lower world--indeed, even into the hog-bucket itself. Well, after all, I will show you the way to the Archbishop's.
There is a philosophic pleasure in opening one's treasures to the modest young.
Perhaps you will assist me by carrying this basket of fruit?' And the little man jumped up, put his basket on Philammon's head, and trotted off up a neighbouring street.
Philammon followed, half contemptuous, half wondering at what this philosophy might be, which could feed the self-conceit of anything so abject as his ragged little apish guide;
but the novel roar and whirl of the street, the perpetual stream of busy faces, the line of curricles, palanquins, laden asses, camels, elephants, which met and passed him, and squeezed him up steps and into doorways, as they threaded their way through the great Moon-gate into the ample street beyond, drove everything from his mind but wondering curiosity, and a vague, helpless dread of that great living wilderness, more terrible than any dead wilderness of sand which he had left behind.
Already he longed for the repose, the silence of the Laura--for faces which knew him and smiled upon him; but it was too late to turn back now.
His guide held on for more than a mile up the great main street, crossed in the centre of the city, at right angles, by one equally magnificent, at each end of which, miles away, appeared, dim and distant over the heads of the living stream of passengers, the yellow sand-hills of the desert;
while at the end of the vista in front of them gleamed the blue harbour, through a network of countless masts.
At last they reached the quay at the opposite end of the street;
and there burst on Philammon's astonished eyes a vast semicircle of blue sea, ringed with palaces and towers.
He stopped involuntarily; and his little guide stopped also, and looked askance at the young monk, to watch the effect which that grand panorama should produce on him.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/vocab.json | {"l": 0, "o": 1, "w": 2, "e": 3, "r": 4, "s": 5, "t": 6, "i": 7, "d": 8, "n": 9, "Ġ": 10, "Ġl": 11, "Ġn": 12, "Ġlo": 13, "Ġlow": 14, "er": 15, "Ġlowest": 16, "Ġnewer": 17, "Ġwider": 18, "<unk>": 19, "<|endoftext|>": 20}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/sample_text_no_unicode.txt | Text should be one-sentence-per-line, with empty lines between documents.
This sample text is public domain and was randomly selected from Project Guttenberg.
The rain had only ceased with the gray streaks of morning at Blazing Star, and the settlement awoke to a moral sense of cleanliness, and the finding of forgotten knives, tin cups, and smaller camp utensils, where the heavy showers had washed away the debris and dust heaps before the cabin doors.
Indeed, it was recorded in Blazing Star that a fortunate early riser had once picked up on the highway a solid chunk of gold quartz which the rain had freed from its incumbering soil, and washed into immediate and glittering popularity.
Possibly this may have been the reason why early risers in that locality, during the rainy season, adopted a thoughtful habit of body, and seldom lifted their eyes to the rifted or india-ink washed skies above them.
"Cass" Beard had risen early that morning, but not with a view to discovery.
A leak in his cabin roof,--quite consistent with his careless, improvident habits,--had roused him at 4 A. M., with a flooded "bunk" and wet blankets.
The chips from his wood pile refused to kindle a fire to dry his bed-clothes, and he had recourse to a more provident neighbor's to supply the deficiency.
This was nearly opposite.
Mr. Cassius crossed the highway, and stopped suddenly.
Something glittered in the nearest red pool before him.
Gold, surely!
But, wonderful to relate, not an irregular, shapeless fragment of crude ore, fresh from Nature's crucible, but a bit of jeweler's handicraft in the form of a plain gold ring.
Looking at it more attentively, he saw that it bore the inscription, "May to Cass."
Like most of his fellow gold-seekers, Cass was superstitious.
The fountain of classic wisdom, Hypatia herself.
As the ancient sage--the name is unimportant to a monk--pumped water nightly that he might study by day, so I, the guardian of cloaks and parasols, at the sacred doors of her lecture-room, imbibe celestial knowledge.
From my youth I felt in me a soul above the matter-entangled herd.
She revealed to me the glorious fact, that I am a spark of Divinity itself.
A fallen star, I am, sir!' continued he, pensively, stroking his lean stomach--'a fallen star!--fallen, if the dignity of philosophy will allow of the simile, among the hogs of the lower world--indeed, even into the hog-bucket itself. Well, after all, I will show you the way to the Archbishop's.
There is a philosophic pleasure in opening one's treasures to the modest young.
Perhaps you will assist me by carrying this basket of fruit?' And the little man jumped up, put his basket on Philammon's head, and trotted off up a neighbouring street.
Philammon followed, half contemptuous, half wondering at what this philosophy might be, which could feed the self-conceit of anything so abject as his ragged little apish guide;
but the novel roar and whirl of the street, the perpetual stream of busy faces, the line of curricles, palanquins, laden asses, camels, elephants, which met and passed him, and squeezed him up steps and into doorways, as they threaded their way through the great Moon-gate into the ample street beyond, drove everything from his mind but wondering curiosity, and a vague, helpless dread of that great living wilderness, more terrible than any dead wilderness of sand which he had left behind.
Already he longed for the repose, the silence of the Laura--for faces which knew him and smiled upon him; but it was too late to turn back now.
His guide held on for more than a mile up the great main street, crossed in the centre of the city, at right angles, by one equally magnificent, at each end of which, miles away, appeared, dim and distant over the heads of the living stream of passengers, the yellow sand-hills of the desert;
while at the end of the vista in front of them gleamed the blue harbour, through a network of countless masts.
At last they reached the quay at the opposite end of the street;
and there burst on Philammon's astonished eyes a vast semicircle of blue sea, ringed with palaces and towers.
He stopped involuntarily; and his little guide stopped also, and looked askance at the young monk, to watch the effect which that grand panorama should produce on him.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/swag/sample.json | {"ending0": "passes by walking down the street playing their instruments.", "ending1": "has heard approaching them.", "ending2": "arrives and they're outside dancing and asleep.", "ending3": "turns the lead singer watches the performance.", "label": 0, "sent1": "Members of the procession walk down the street holding small horn brass instruments.", "sent2": "A drum line"}
{"ending0": "are playing ping pong and celebrating one left each in quick.", "ending1": "wait slowly towards the cadets.", "ending2": "continues to play as well along the crowd along with the band being interviewed.", "ending3": "continue to play marching, interspersed.", "label": 3, "sent1": "A drum line passes by walking down the street playing their instruments.", "sent2": "Members of the procession"}
{"ending0": "pay the other coaches to cheer as people this chatter dips in lawn sheets.", "ending1": "walk down the street holding small horn brass instruments.", "ending2": "is seen in the background.", "ending3": "are talking a couple of people playing a game of tug of war.", "label": 1, "sent1": "A group of members in green uniforms walks waving flags.", "sent2": "Members of the procession"}
{"ending0": "are playing ping pong and celebrating one left each in quick.", "ending1": "wait slowly towards the cadets.", "ending2": "makes a square call and ends by jumping down into snowy streets where fans begin to take their positions.", "ending3": "play and go back and forth hitting the drums while the audience claps for them.", "label": 3, "sent1": "A drum line passes by walking down the street playing their instruments.", "sent2": "Members of the procession"}
{"ending0": "finishes the song and lowers the instrument.", "ending1": "hits the saxophone and demonstrates how to properly use the racquet.", "ending2": "finishes massage the instrument again and continues.", "ending3": "continues dancing while the man gore the music outside while drums.", "label": 0, "sent1": "The person plays a song on the violin.", "sent2": "The man"}
{"ending0": "finishes playing then marches their tenderly.", "ending1": "walks in frame and rubs on his hands, and then walks into a room.", "ending2": "continues playing guitar while moving from the camera.", "ending3": "plays a song on the violin.", "label": 3, "sent1": "The person holds up the violin to his chin and gets ready.", "sent2": "The person"}
{"ending0": "examines the instrument in his hand.", "ending1": "stops playing the drums and waves over the other boys.", "ending2": "lights the cigarette and sticks his head in.", "ending3": "drags off the vacuum.", "label": 0, "sent1": "A person retrieves an instrument from a closet.", "sent2": "The man"}
{"ending0": "studies a picture of the man playing the violin.", "ending1": "holds up the violin to his chin and gets ready.", "ending2": "stops to speak to the camera again.", "ending3": "puts his arm around the man and backs away.", "label": 1, "sent1": "The man examines the instrument in his hand.", "sent2": "The person"}
{"ending0": "hands her another phone.", "ending1": "takes the drink, then holds it.", "ending2": "looks off then looks at someone.", "ending3": "stares blearily down at the floor.", "label": 3, "sent1": "Someone walks over to the radio.", "sent2": "Someone"}
{"ending0": "looks off then looks at someone.", "ending1": "hands her another phone.", "ending2": "takes the drink, then holds it.", "ending3": "turns on a monitor.", "label": 3, "sent1": "Someone walks over to the radio.", "sent2": "Someone"}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/STS-B/train.tsv | index genre filename year old_index source1 source2 sentence1 sentence2 score
0 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0001 none none A plane is taking off. An air plane is taking off. 5.000
1 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0004 none none A man is playing a large flute. A man is playing a flute. 3.800
2 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0005 none none A man is spreading shreded cheese on a pizza. A man is spreading shredded cheese on an uncooked pizza. 3.800
3 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0006 none none Three men are playing chess. Two men are playing chess. 2.600
4 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0009 none none A man is playing the cello. A man seated is playing the cello. 4.250
5 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0011 none none Some men are fighting. Two men are fighting. 4.250
6 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0012 none none A man is smoking. A man is skating. 0.500
7 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0013 none none The man is playing the piano. The man is playing the guitar. 1.600
8 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0014 none none A man is playing on a guitar and singing. A woman is playing an acoustic guitar and singing. 2.200
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/STS-B/dev.tsv | index genre filename year old_index source1 source2 sentence1 sentence2 score
0 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0000 none none A man with a hard hat is dancing. A man wearing a hard hat is dancing. 5.000
1 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0002 none none A young child is riding a horse. A child is riding a horse. 4.750
2 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0003 none none A man is feeding a mouse to a snake. The man is feeding a mouse to the snake. 5.000
3 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0007 none none A woman is playing the guitar. A man is playing guitar. 2.400
4 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0008 none none A woman is playing the flute. A man is playing a flute. 2.750
5 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0010 none none A woman is cutting an onion. A man is cutting onions. 2.615
6 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0015 none none A man is erasing a chalk board. The man is erasing the chalk board. 5.000
7 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0023 none none A woman is carrying a boy. A woman is carrying her baby. 2.333
8 main-captions MSRvid 2012test 0027 none none Three men are playing guitars. Three men are on stage playing guitars. 3.750
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/conll/sample.json | {"words": ["He", "was", "the", "27th", "pitcher", "used", "by", "the", "Angels", "this", "season", ",", "tying", "a", "major-league", "record", "."], "ner": ["O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ORG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["CHICAGO", "AT", "ATLANTA"], "ner": ["B-ORG", "O", "B-LOC"]}
{"words": ["President", "Bill", "Clinton", "earlier", "this", "month", "invoked", "special", "powers", "to", "appoint", "Fowler", "during", "the", "congressional", "recess", "because", "the", "Senate", "delayed", "confirming", "his", "nomination", "."], "ner": ["O", "B-PER", "I-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ORG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["goals", "for", ",", "goals", "against", ",", "points", ")", "."], "ner": ["O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["\"", "It", "is", "one", "step", "short", "of", "an", "emergency", "situation", ",", "\"", "a", "police", "spokesman", "said", "via", "telephone", "from", "a", "command", "post", "in", "the", "bush", "."], "ner": ["O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["U.S.", "Ambassador", "Myles", "Frechette", "applauded", "the", "move", ",", "saying", "it", "could", "prompt", "the", "Clinton", "administration", "to", "remove", "Colombia", "from", "a", "list", "of", "outcast", "nations", "that", "have", "failed", "to", "cooperate", "in", "U.S.", "counternarcotics", "efforts", "."], "ner": ["B-LOC", "O", "B-PER", "I-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-PER", "O", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["Halftime"], "ner": ["O"]}
{"words": ["It", "has", "manufacturing", "plants", "in", "San", "Diego", ";", "Creedmoor", ",", "N.C.", ";", "Hampshire", ",", "England", ";", "and", "Tijuana", ",", "Mexico", ",", "and", "distributes", "its", "prodcuts", "in", "more", "than", "120", "countries", "."], "ner": ["O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "I-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["Scotland", "manager", "Craig", "Brown", "said", "on", "Thursday", ":", "\"", "I", "'ve", "watched", "Duncan", "Ferguson", "in", "action", "twice", "recently", "and", "he", "'s", "bang", "in", "form", "."], "ner": ["B-LOC", "O", "B-PER", "I-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-PER", "I-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"]}
{"words": ["Clinton", "flew", "in", "by", "helicopter", "from", "Michigan", "City", ",", "Indiana", ",", "after", "ending", "a", "four-day", ",", "559-mile", "trip", "aboard", "a", "campaign", "train", "from", "Washington", "."], "ner": ["B-PER", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "I-LOC", "O", "B-LOC", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-LOC", "O"]} | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/MRPC/dev.csv | label,sentence1,sentence2
equivalent,He said the foodservice pie business doesn 't fit the company 's long-term growth strategy .,""" The foodservice pie business does not fit our long-term growth strategy ."
not_equivalent,Magnarelli said Racicot hated the Iraqi regime and looked forward to using his long years of training in the war .,"His wife said he was "" 100 percent behind George Bush "" and looked forward to using his years of training in the war ."
not_equivalent,"The dollar was at 116.92 yen against the yen , flat on the session , and at 1.2891 against the Swiss franc , also flat .","The dollar was at 116.78 yen JPY = , virtually flat on the session , and at 1.2871 against the Swiss franc CHF = , down 0.1 percent ."
equivalent,The AFL-CIO is waiting until October to decide if it will endorse a candidate .,The AFL-CIO announced Wednesday that it will decide in October whether to endorse a candidate before the primaries .
not_equivalent,No dates have been set for the civil or the criminal trial .,"No dates have been set for the criminal or civil cases , but Shanley has pleaded not guilty ."
equivalent,Wal-Mart said it would check all of its million-plus domestic workers to ensure they were legally employed .,It has also said it would review all of its domestic employees more than 1 million to ensure they have legal status .
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/MRPC/train.tsv | Quality #1 ID #2 ID #1 String #2 String
1 1355540 1355592 He said the foodservice pie business doesn 't fit the company 's long-term growth strategy . " The foodservice pie business does not fit our long-term growth strategy .
0 2029631 2029565 Magnarelli said Racicot hated the Iraqi regime and looked forward to using his long years of training in the war . His wife said he was " 100 percent behind George Bush " and looked forward to using his years of training in the war .
0 487993 487952 The dollar was at 116.92 yen against the yen , flat on the session , and at 1.2891 against the Swiss franc , also flat . The dollar was at 116.78 yen JPY = , virtually flat on the session , and at 1.2871 against the Swiss franc CHF = , down 0.1 percent .
1 1989515 1989458 The AFL-CIO is waiting until October to decide if it will endorse a candidate . The AFL-CIO announced Wednesday that it will decide in October whether to endorse a candidate before the primaries .
0 1783137 1782659 No dates have been set for the civil or the criminal trial . No dates have been set for the criminal or civil cases , but Shanley has pleaded not guilty .
1 3039165 3039036 Wal-Mart said it would check all of its million-plus domestic workers to ensure they were legally employed . It has also said it would review all of its domestic employees more than 1 million to ensure they have legal status .
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/MRPC/train.csv | label,sentence1,sentence2
equivalent,He said the foodservice pie business doesn 't fit the company 's long-term growth strategy .,""" The foodservice pie business does not fit our long-term growth strategy ."
not_equivalent,Magnarelli said Racicot hated the Iraqi regime and looked forward to using his long years of training in the war .,"His wife said he was "" 100 percent behind George Bush "" and looked forward to using his years of training in the war ."
not_equivalent,"The dollar was at 116.92 yen against the yen , flat on the session , and at 1.2891 against the Swiss franc , also flat .","The dollar was at 116.78 yen JPY = , virtually flat on the session , and at 1.2871 against the Swiss franc CHF = , down 0.1 percent ."
equivalent,The AFL-CIO is waiting until October to decide if it will endorse a candidate .,The AFL-CIO announced Wednesday that it will decide in October whether to endorse a candidate before the primaries .
not_equivalent,No dates have been set for the civil or the criminal trial .,"No dates have been set for the criminal or civil cases , but Shanley has pleaded not guilty ."
equivalent,Wal-Mart said it would check all of its million-plus domestic workers to ensure they were legally employed .,It has also said it would review all of its domestic employees more than 1 million to ensure they have legal status .
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/MRPC/dev.tsv | Quality #1 ID #2 ID #1 String #2 String
1 1355540 1355592 He said the foodservice pie business doesn 't fit the company 's long-term growth strategy . " The foodservice pie business does not fit our long-term growth strategy .
0 2029631 2029565 Magnarelli said Racicot hated the Iraqi regime and looked forward to using his long years of training in the war . His wife said he was " 100 percent behind George Bush " and looked forward to using his years of training in the war .
0 487993 487952 The dollar was at 116.92 yen against the yen , flat on the session , and at 1.2891 against the Swiss franc , also flat . The dollar was at 116.78 yen JPY = , virtually flat on the session , and at 1.2871 against the Swiss franc CHF = , down 0.1 percent .
1 1989515 1989458 The AFL-CIO is waiting until October to decide if it will endorse a candidate . The AFL-CIO announced Wednesday that it will decide in October whether to endorse a candidate before the primaries .
0 1783137 1782659 No dates have been set for the civil or the criminal trial . No dates have been set for the criminal or civil cases , but Shanley has pleaded not guilty .
1 3039165 3039036 Wal-Mart said it would check all of its million-plus domestic workers to ensure they were legally employed . It has also said it would review all of its domestic employees more than 1 million to ensure they have legal status .
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/wmt_en_ro/test.json | { "translation": { "en": "UN Chief Says There Is No Military Solution in Syria Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon says his response to Russia's stepped up military support for Syria is that \"there is no military solution\" to the nearly five-year conflict and more weapons will only worsen the violence and misery for millions of people. The U.N. chief again urged all parties, including the divided U.N. Security Council, to unite and support inclusive negotiations to find a political solution. Ban told a news conference Wednesday that he plans to meet with foreign ministers of the five permanent council nations - the U.S., Russia, China, Britain and France - on the sidelines of the General Assembly's ministerial session later this month to discuss Syria.", "ro": "Șeful ONU declară că nu există soluții militare în Siria Secretarul General Ban Ki-moon afirmă că răspunsul său la suportul militar al Rusiei pentru Siria este că „nu există o soluție militară” la conflictul care durează de aproape cinci ani iar mai multe arme nu ar face decât să agraveze violența și suferința a milioane de oameni. Șeful ONU a solicitat din nou tuturor părților, inclusiv Consiliului de securitate ONU divizat să se unifice și să susțină negocierile pentru a găsi o soluție politică. Ban a declarat miercuri în cadrul unei conferințe că intenționează să se întâlnească luna aceasta cu miniștrii de externe din cinci țări permanent prezente în consiliu - SUA, Rusia, China, Anglia și Franța - pe marginea sesiunii ministeriale a Adunării Generale pentru a discuta despre Siria." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "He expressed regret that divisions in the council and among the Syrian people and regional powers \"made this situation unsolvable.\" Ban urged the five permanent members to show the solidarity and unity they did in achieving an Iran nuclear deal in addressing the Syria crisis. 8 Poll Numbers That Show Donald Trump Is For Real Some have tried to label him a flip-flopper. Others have dismissed him as a joke. And some are holding out for an implosion. But no matter how some Republicans are trying to drag Donald Trump down from atop the polls, it hasn't worked (yet).", "ro": "Ban și-a exprimat regretul că divizările în consiliu și între poporul sirian și puterile regionale „au făcut această situație de nerezolvat”. Ban le-a cerut celor cinci membri permanenți să dea dovadă de solidaritatea și unitatea arătate atunci când au reușit să încheie un acord referitor la armele nucleare ale Iranului, abordând astfel criza din Siria. 8 cifre din sondaje care arată că Donald Trump are șanse reale Unii au încercat să îl eticheteze ca politician „flip-flop”. Alții l-au numit o glumă. Iar alții așteaptă implozia. Însă indiferent de modul în care unii republicani încearcă să îl dărâme pe Donald Trump din vârful sondajelor, nu a funcționat (încă)." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Ten of the last 11 national polls have shown Donald Trump's lead at double digits, and some are starting to ask seriously what it means for the real estate mogul's nomination chances. Of course, it's still early in the election cycle. None of this is to say that Trump is likely to win the Republican nomination. Pundits point out that at this time in 2011, Rick Perry's lead was giving way to a rising Herman Cain, neither of whom won even one state in the nomination process. And there are many reasons he would struggle in a general election. But outside groups like Jeb Bush's Super PAC and the economic conservative group Club for Growth are recognizing Trump's staying power and beginning to unload their dollars to topple him.", "ro": "Zece din ultimele 11 sondaje naționale au arătat că Donald Trump conduce cu un procent din două cifre iar unele voci încep să se întrebe serios ce înseamnă acest lucru pentru șansele de numire ale mogulului imobiliar. Desigur, este încă prematur. Nimic din toate acestea nu spune că Trump va câștiga cursa pentru nominalizarea republicanilor. Pundits arată că, în aceeași perioadă a anului 2011, avansul lui Rick Perry îi făcea loc lui Herman Cain în sondaje, dar niciunul dintre ei nu a câștigat în vreun stat în cursa de nominalizare. Iar motivele pentru care s-ar lupta din greu la alegerile generale sunt numeroase. Însă grupurile din exterior precum Super PAC al lui Jeb Bush și grupul conservator economic Club for Growth admit puterea lui Trump și încep să îl susțină cu bani." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Here are some recent poll numbers that suggest that the real estate mogul isn't just a passing phase: Trump's favorability ratings have turned 180 degrees. Right before Donald Trump announced his candidacy in mid-June, a Monmouth University poll showed only two in 10 Republicans had a positive view of the real estate mogul. By mid-July, it was 40 percent. In early August, it was 52 percent. Now, six in 10 Republicans have a favorable view of Donald Trump. Roughly three in 10 say they have a negative view. And these numbers hold up in early states. A Quinnipiac poll in Iowa last week found that 60 percent of Republicans there had a favorable view of Trump.", "ro": "În continuare vă prezentăm câteva cifre din sondaje recente care sugerează că mogulul imobiliar nu este doar ceva trecător: Cifrele care indică susținerea față de Trump s-au întors la 180 grade. Chiar înainte ca Donald Trump să își anunțe candidatura, la mijlocul lui iunie, un sondaj realizat de Universitatea din Monmouth arăta că doar doi din 10 republicani aveau o părere pozitivă despre mogulul imobiliar. Până la mijlocul lui iulie, procentul a urcat la 40%. La începutul lui august, era 52%. În prezent, șase din 10 republicani au o părere favorabilă despre Donald Trump. Aproximativ trei din 10 declară că au o părere negativă. Aceste cifre se mențin. Un sondaj realizat săptămâna trecută de Quinnipiac în Iowa a concluzionat că 60% dintre republicanii din regiune au o părere favorabilă despre Trump." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Two-thirds of GOP voters would be happy with Trump as the nominee. In a CNN/ORC poll last week, 67 percent of Republicans said they would be either \"enthusiastic\" or \"satisfied\" if Trump were the nominee. Only two in 10 say they would be \"upset\" if he were the nominee. Only Ben Carson generates roughly the same level of enthusiasm as Trump (43 percent say they would be \"enthusiastic\" vs. 40 percent who say the same of Trump). The next closest in enthusiasm? Marco Rubio with only 21 percent.", "ro": "Două treimi dintre alegătorii GOP ar fi fericiți dacă Trump ar câștiga cursa pentru nominalizare. Într-un sondaj realizat săptămâna trecută de CNN/ORC, 67% dintre republicani au declarat că ar fi „entuziasmați” sau „mulțumiți” dacă Trump ar câștiga cursa pentru nominalizare. Doar doi din 10 declară că ar fi „supărați” dacă Trump ar câștiga cursa pentru nominalizare. Doar Ben Carson generează aproximativ același nivel de entuziasm ca Trump (43% declară că ar fi „entuziasmați” față de 40% care declară același lucru despre Trump). Cel mai aproape în ceea ce privește entuziasmul? Marco Rubio, cu doar 21%." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "On the flip side, 47 percent of Republican voters say they would be \"dissatisfied\" or \"upset\" if establishment favorite Jeb Bush becomes the nominee. A majority of Republicans don't see Trump's temperament as a problem. While Donald Trump has been widely criticized for his bombast and insults, 52 percent of leaned Republican voters nationwide think that the real estate mogul has the right temperament to be president, according to Monday's ABC News/Washington Post poll. The same number holds in the first-in-the-nation caucus state of Iowa, where the same 52 percent of Republicans think he has the personality to be commander in chief, according to Quinnipiac last week.", "ro": "De partea cealaltă, 47% dintre alegătorii republicani afirmă că ar fi „nemulțumiți” sau „supărați” dacă favoritul Jeb Bush câștigă cursa pentru nominalizare. Majoritatea republicanilor nu consideră temperamentul lui Trump o problemă. Deși Donald Trump a fost puternic criticat pentru insultele aduse și stilul său bombastic, 52% dintre alegătorii republicani la nivel național consideră că mogulul imobiliar are temperamentul potrivit pentru a fi președinte, conform sondajului realizat luni de ABC News/Washington Post. Regăsim aceleași cifre în statul Iowa, unde tot 52% dintre republicani cred că Trump are personalitatea potrivită pentru a fi conducător, conform sondajului realizat săptămâna trecută de Quinnipiac." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Still, 44 percent think he doesn't have the personality to serve effectively, and almost six in 10 independents say his temperament does not belong in the White House, according to ABC/Post. Republican voters are getting used to the idea. When they put on their pundit hats, Republican voters think Trump is for real. When asked who is most likely to win the GOP nomination, four in 10 said Trump was the best bet, according to a CNN/ORC poll out last week. That's a change from when four in 10 placed their money on Jeb Bush in late July. Full disclosure: GOP voters haven't had the clearest crystal ball in the past.", "ro": "Totuși, 44% sunt de părere că nu are personalitatea necesară pentru a acționa eficient și aproape șase din 10 independenți afirmă că temperamentul său nu are ce căuta la Casa Albă, conform ABC/Post. Alegătorii republicani se obișnuiesc cu ideea. Atunci când iau atitudinea de intelectuali, alegătorii republicani consideră că Trump este autentic. Conform unui sondaj realizat săptămâna trecută de CNN/ORC, la întrebarea cine are cele mai multe șanse să câștige cursa pentru nominalizare GOP, patru din 10 au declarat că Trump. Situația s-a schimbat față de finalul lui iulie, când patru din 10 ar fi pariat pe Jeb Bush. Informare completă: în trecut, alegătorii GOP nu au citit foarte bine viitorul." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "At this time last cycle, four in 10 Republicans picked Rick Perry to win the nomination, vs. only 28 percent for eventual nominee Mitt Romney. Still, it shows that a plurality of GOP voters see Trump's campaign as plausible. Even if Republicans rallied around another candidate, Trump still beats almost everyone. Some pundits point out that the splintered field is likely contributing to Trump's lead, while anti-Trump support is be spread diffusely among more than a dozen other candidates. But a Monmouth University poll in early September shows that, in a hypothetical head-to-head matchup between Trump and most other Republican candidates, Trump almost always garners majority support.", "ro": "În aceeași perioadă a ultimelor alegeri, patru din 10 republicani l-au ales pe Rick Perry în cursa pentru nominalizare, față de doar 28% pentru Mitt Romney. Însă, aceste cifre arată că majoritatea alegătorilor GOP consideră plauzibilă campania lui Trump. Chiar dacă republicanii sau repliat spre un alt candidat. Trump încă se află în fruntea tuturor. Unele voci spun că situația divizată va contribui probabil la victoria lui Trump, în timp ce susținerea contra lui Trump se va împărți la mai mult de doisprezece candidați. Însă un sondaj derulat la începutul lui septembrie de Universitatea din Monmouth arată că, în situația ipotetică a unei colaborări între Trump și majoritatea celorlalți candidați republicani, aproape întotdeauna Trump va beneficia de susținerea majoritară." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "He leads Carly Fiorina by 13 points, Marco Rubio by 14 points, Walker by 15 points, Jeb Bush by 19 points, and, finally, Rand Paul, John Kasich and Chris Christie by 33 points each. He's in a dead heat with Ted Cruz. The only candidate who beats him? Ben Carson would lead the businessman by a wide 19 points in a hypothetical head-to-head. A bare majority of Donald Trump's supporters say they've made up their minds. A new CBS/NYT poll out on Tuesday shows that just more than half of voters who support Trump say they have locked in their votes. Obviously, a lot can happen to change that, and no one can really say they would never change their mind.", "ro": "Trump se află la distanță de 13 puncte de Carly Fiorina, la 14 puncte de Marco Rubio, la 15 puncte de Walker, la 19 puncte de Jeb Bush și, în cele din urmă, la câte 33 de puncte față de Rand Paul, John Kasich și Chris Christie. Este aproape la egalitate cu Ted Cruz. Singurul candidat care îl învinge? Ben Carson l-ar învinge pe omul de afaceri cu 19 puncte într-o confruntare ipotetică de unu la unu. Majoritatea susținătorilor lui Donald Trump declară că s-au decis. Un nou sondaj realizat marți de CBS/NYT arată că peste jumătate dintre alegătorii care îl susțin pe Trump declară că nu își schimbă opțiunea de vot. Evident, se pot întâmpla multe în acest sens și nimeni nu poate spune că aceștia nu se vor răzgândi niciodată." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "46 percent said they are leaving the door open to switching candidates. Still, Trump's strongest competition at the moment is from fellow outsider neurosurgeon Ben Carson, but voters who say they have made up their minds are twice as likely to go for Trump. Six in 10 Republicans say they agree with Trump on immigration. Even since Donald Trump called immigrants from Mexico \"rapists\" in his campaign announcement speech two months ago, immigration has been front and center in the 2016 conversation. Some are worried that Trump's bombast will drive crucial Hispanic voters away from the Republican Party and damage rebranding efforts.", "ro": "46% afirmă că lasă portița deschisă posibilității de a-și schimba opțiunea. Cu toate acestea, cel mai important adversar al lui Trump este în prezent neurochirurgul Ben Carson, însă este de două ori mai probabil ca alegătorii care declară că s-au decis să voteze cu Trump. Șase din 10 republicani afirmă că sunt de acord cu Trump în problema imigrării. De când Donald Trump i-a numit pe imigranții din Mexic „violatori” în discursul de deschidere a campaniei sale, în urmă cu două luni, imigrarea a fost subiectul central în campania pentru 2016. Unii sunt îngrijorați că stilul bombastic al lui Trump va duce la o scindare între alegătorii hispanici importanți și Partidul Republican și va prejudicia eforturile de rebranding." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "But according to Monday's new ABC/Post poll, six in 10 Republicans say they agree with Trump on immigration issues. So as long as immigration remains in the spotlight, it seems Donald Trump will remain too. Frustration with government is climbing to new highs. Donald Trump and Ben Carson now account for roughly half of the support from Republican voters, largely due to their outsider status. Six in 10 Republicans in Monday's new ABC/Post poll say they want a political outsider over someone with government experience. And they are angry at Washington, too.", "ro": "Însă, conform sondajului realizat luni de ABC/Post, șase din 10 republicani afirmă că sunt de acord cu Trump în problema imigrării. Așa că, se pare că atâta timp cât problema imigrării rămâne în lumina reflectoarelor, la fel va rămâne și Doland Trump. Frustrarea față de autorități atinge noi culmi. Donald Trump și Ben Carson sunt acum susținuți de aproape jumătate dintre alegătorii republicani, în mare parte datorită statutului lor de outsideri. Conform sondajului realizat luni de ABC/Post, șase din 10 republicani afirmă că preferă un outsider politic în detrimentul cuiva cu experiență în guvernare. Oamenii sunt de asemenea supărați pe autoritățile de la Washington." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "A Des Moines Register/Bloomberg poll in Iowa from two weeks ago shows that three in four Iowa Republicans are frustrated with Republicans in Congress, with 54 percent \"unsatisfied\" and 21 percent \"mad as hell.\" Jeremy Corbyn to make debut at Prime Minister's Questions Since his election, Mr Corbyn's debut at PMQs has been keenly awaited New Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn is to make his debut at Prime Minister's Questions later, taking on David Cameron for the first time.", "ro": "Un sondaj derulat în urmă cu două săptămâni în Iowa de către Des Moines Register/Bloomberg arată că trei din patru republicani din Iowa sunt frustrați de prestația republicanilor din COngres, 54% declarându-se „nemulțumiți” iar 21% „nervoși la culme”. Jeremy Corbyn își face debutul la Prime Minister's Questions Încă de la alegerea sa, debutul domnului Corbyn la PMQs a fost îndelung așteptat Noul lider al Partidului Laburist, Jeremy Corbyn, își va face mai târziu debutul la Prime Minister's Questions, confruntându-se pentru prima dată cu David Cameron." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Mr Corbyn will rise to ask the first of his six allotted questions shortly after midday, with his performance likely to be closely scrutinised by the media and Labour MPs. He has called for \"less theatre and more facts\" at the weekly showpiece. He has also said he could skip some sessions, leaving them to colleagues. The encounter will be the first parliamentary test of Mr Corbyn's leadership, coming after his appointment of a shadow cabinet and his speech to the TUC annual congress on Tuesday.", "ro": "Dl Corbyn va adresa primele dintre cele șase întrebări la care are dreptul la scurt timp după prânz; prestația sa va fi probabil analizată îndeaproape de mass-media și parlamentarii laburiști. În cadrul aparițiilor săptămânale, el a cerut „mai puțin teatru și mai multe fapte”. A declarat de asemenea că poate renunța la câteva participări și că le cedează colegilor săi. Confruntarea va fi primul test parlamentar al Dl Corbyn în poziție de lider, venind după ce a numit un „cabinet fantomă” și după discursul pe care l-a ținut marți la congresul anual TUC." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Meanwhile, the Labour leader's decision to stand in silence during the singing of the national anthem at a service on Tuesday to mark the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Britain has attracted criticism from a number of Tory MPs and is the focus of several front page stories in the newspapers. Mr Corbyn's decision not to sing the national anthem has attracted attention A spokesman for Mr Corbyn said he had \"stood in respectful silence\" and did recognise the \"heroism of the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain.\"", "ro": "Între timp, decizia liderului Partidului laburist de a păstra tăcerea la rostirea imnului național în cadrul unei slujbe ținute marți cu ocazia aniversării a 75 de ani de la Bătălia Angliei a atras critici din partea unor parlamentari conservatori și a ținut prima pagină a ziarelor. Decizia domnului Corbyn de a nu cânta imnul național a atras atenția Un purtător de cuvânt al Dl Corbyn a declarat că acesta „a păstrat tăcerea în mod respectuos” și a recunoscut „eroismul Forțelor aeriene britanice în Bătălia Angliei.”" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "But a member of Mr Corbyn's shadow cabinet, Owen Smith, told BBC Two's Newsnight programme he would have advised the Labour leader to sing the national anthem \"irrespective\" of his belief that the monarchy should be abolished. Nearly a dozen shadow ministers have refused to serve in Mr Corbyn's top team, citing differences over the economy, defence and foreign affairs, while less than a sixth of the parliamentary party originally backed him as leader. BBC political correspondent Robin Brant says policy differences are also \"stacking up\" within Labour following Mr Corbyn's appointment over its position on the European Union and the government's cap on benefits.", "ro": "Însă un membru al cabinetului fantomă al Dl Corbyn, Owen Smith, a declarat pentru emisiunea Two's Newsnight transmisă de BBC că i-ar fi recomandat liderului laburist să cânte imnul național „indiferent” de credința sa că monarhia ar trebui abolită. În jur de doisprezece miniștri din cabinetul fantomă au refuzat să facă parte din echipa de frunte a Dl Corbyn, argumentând prin diferențe de opinie legate de economie, apărare și externe, în timp ce mai puțin de o șesime din partidul parlamentar l-a susținut ca lider. Corespondentul politic al BBC, Robin Brant, declară că diferențele de politică „se cumulează” în Partidul Laburist după numirea domnului Corbyn referitor la poziția sa față de Uniunea Europeană și limita de beneficii." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Mr Corbyn told the TUC conference Labour was putting forward amendments to remove the whole idea of a cap altogether. Hours later Mr Smith, the shadow work and pensions secretary, said the party was \"very clear\" that it was only opposing government plans to reduce the level of cap from £26,000 to £23,000. Mr Corbyn will be the fifth Labour leader that David Cameron has faced across the despatch box over the past decade since he became Tory leader. The Labour leader, who has promised a different approach to politics, says he has \"crowd sourced\" ideas for questions to ask Mr Cameron and has been given more than 30,000 suggestions.", "ro": "Dl Corbyn a declarat la conferința TUC că Partidul Laburist va aduce modificări prin care se va elimina integral ideea limitării. Câteva ore mai târziu, Dl Smith, Ministrul Muncii și Pensiilor, a declarat că partidul „este foarte clar” în opoziția exclusivă față de planurile guvernului de a reduce nivelul „cap” de la 26.000 lire la 23.000 lire. Dl Corbyn va fi al cincilea lider laburist cu care se confruntă David Cameron la tribună în ultimul deceniu, de când a preluat conducerea Partidului Conservator. Liderul laburist, care a promis o abordare diferită a politicii, spune că are idei „din surse externe” pentru întrebări pe care să i le adreseze Domnului Cameron și că a primit peste 30.000 de sugestii." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "The Islington North MP has said PMQs is too confrontational and that he will refrain from both \"repartee\" and trading barbs, instead vowing to focus on serious issues such as poverty, inequality and the challenges facing young people. Mr Corbyn has said that Angela Eagle, the shadow business secretary, will deputise for him at PMQs when he does not attend - for instance when Mr Cameron is travelling abroad. He has also floated the idea of allowing other colleagues to take the floor on occasion, saying he had approached the Commons Speaker John Bercow to discuss the issue.", "ro": "Parlamentarul Islington North a afirmat că PMQs implică un nivel de confruntare prea înalt și că se va abține de la replici și atacuri, angajându-se să se concentreze în schimb pe probleme serioase precum sărăcia, inegalitatea și provocările cu care se confruntă tinerii. Dl Corbyn a declarat că Angela Eagle, Ministrul de finanțe, îi va ține locul la PMQs atunci când el nu poate participa - de exemplu atunci când Dl Cameron se deplasează în străinătate. A exprimat de asemenea ideea că va permite altor colegi să ia cuvântul ocazional, spunând că l-a abordat pe Președintele Camerei Deputaților, John Bercow, pentru a discuta acest aspect." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "When he became leader in 2005, Mr Cameron said he wanted to move away from the \"Punch and Judy\" style of politics often associated with PMQs but admitted some years later that he had failed. Since it was first televised in 1990, PMQs has been seen as a key barometer of a leader's judgement, their command of the Commons and their standing among their fellow MPs although critics have argued it has become a caricature and is in need of far-reaching reforms. 'Shot in Joburg': Homeless youth trained as photographers Downtown Johannesburg is a tough place to be homeless.", "ro": "În 2005, când a preluat conducerea, Dl Cameron a declarat că dorește să renunțe la stilul politic „Punch and Judy” asociat adesea cu PMQs însă a recunoscut câțiva ani mai târziu că nu a reușit în demersul său. De la prima transmisie, în 1990, PMQs a fost considerată un barometru cheie al raționamentului unui lider, al modului în care acesta conduce Camera Deputaților și a poziției sale în rândul colegilor parlamentari, deși criticii afirmă a ca devenit o caricatură și că are nevoie de o reformare profundă. „Cadru în Joburg”: Tineri fără adăpost beneficiază de cursuri de fotografie Este dificil să fii un om fără adăpost în Johannesburg." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "But one group of former street children have found a way to learn a skill and make a living. \"I was shot in Joburg\" is a non-profit studio that teaches homeless youngsters how to take photographs of their neighbourhood and make a profit from it. BBC News went to meet one of the project's first graduates. JD Sports boss says higher wages could hurt expansion JD Sports Executive Chairman Peter Cowgill says a higher minimum wage for UK workers could mean \"more spending power in the pockets of potential consumers.\" But that spending power is unlikely to outweigh the higher labour costs at his firm, he says.", "ro": "Însă un grup de oameni care au trăit pe străzi în copilărie au găsit un mod de a învăța o meserie și de a-și câștiga traiul. „I was shot în Joburg” este un studio non-profit care îi învață pe tinerii fără adăpost să facă fotografii ale zonelor în care trăiesc și să câștige bani din asta. BBC News s-a întâlnit cu unul dintre primii absolvenți ai proiectului. Șeful JD Sports spune că salariile mai mari ar putea dăuna extinderii Președintele JD Sports, Peter Cowgill, declară că o creștere a salariului minim în Marea Britanie ar putea însemna „o putere de cumpărare mai mare în buzunarele potențialilor consumatori.” Este însă puțin probabil ca respectiva putere de cumpărare să depășească costurile mai mari pentru forța de muncă în cadrul firmei, afirmă el." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "The costs could hit JD Sports' expansion plans, he added, which could mean fewer extra jobs. Thanasi Kokkinakis backed by Tennis Australia president Steve Healy Thanasi Kokkinakis deserves kudos rather than criticism for his behaviour. Thanasi Kokkinakis has been the collateral damage in the recent storm around his friend Nick Kyrgios and deserves kudos rather than criticism for his own behaviour, according to Tennis Australia president Steve Healy.", "ro": "Costurile ar putea avea impact asupra planurilor de extindere ale JD Sports, a adăugat el, ceea ce ar putea însemna mai puține locuri de muncă noi. Thanasi Kokkinakis susținut de președintele Tennis Australia, Steve Healy Thanasi Kokkinakis ar merita să fie lăudat și nu criticat pentru comportamentul său. Thanasi Kokkinakis a fost victimă colaterală în „furtuna” creată în jurul prietenului său, Nick Kyrgios, iar comportamentul său merită mai degrabă cuvinte de laudă și nu critică, în opinia președintelui Tennis Australia, Steve Healy." } }
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/wmt_en_ro/val.json | { "translation": { "en": "Brazil's Former Presidential Chief-of-Staff to Stand Trial A federal judge on Tuesday accepted the charges filed against Brazil's former presidential chief of staff for his alleged involvement in a massive corruption scheme at state-owned oil company Petrobras. The federal prosecutor's office said Jose Dirceu will face trial on the corruption, racketeering and money laundering charges filed earlier this month. Fourteen other people will also be tried, including Joao Vaccari Neto, the former treasurer of Brazil's governing Workers' Party and Renato de Souza Duque, Petrobras' former head of corporate services.", "ro": "Fostul șef al cabinetului prezidențial brazilian este adus în fața instanței Marți, un judecător federal a acceptat acuzațiile aduse împotriva fostului șef al cabinetului prezidențial brazilian pentru presupusa implicare a acestuia într-o schemă masivă de corupție privind compania petrolieră de stat Petrobras. Biroul procurorului federal a declarat că Jose Dirceu va fi trimis în judecată pentru acuzațiile de corupție, înșelătorie și spălare de bani aduse în această lună. Alte paisprezece persoane vor fi judecate, printre acestea numărându-se Joao Vaccari Neto, fostul trezorier al Partidului Muncitorilor, aflat la putere în Brazilia, și Renato de Souza Duque, fostul președinte al serviciilor pentru întreprinderi ale Petrobras." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Dirceu is the most senior member of the ruling Workers' Party to be taken into custody in connection with the scheme. Dirceu served as former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's chief of staff between 2003 and 2005. He was arrested early August in his home, where he already was under house arrest serving an 11-year sentence for his involvement in a cash-for-votes scheme in Congress more than 10 years ago. Prosecutors have said that Dirceu masterminded the kickback scheme at Petrobras, accepted bribes while in office and continued to receive payments from contractors after he was jailed in late 2013 for the vote-buying scandal.", "ro": "Dirceu este cel mai vechi membru al Partidului Muncitorilor aflat la guvernare luat în custodie pentru legăturile cu această schemă. Dirceu a servit ca șef de cabinet al fostului președinte Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva între 2003 și 2005. A fost arestat la începutul lui august de acasă, unde deja se afla sub arest la domiciliu, cu o pedeapsă de 11 ani pentru implicarea într-o schemă de cumpărare a voturilor în Congres cu peste 10 ani în urmă. Procurorii au declarat că Dirceu a dezvoltat schema de luare de mită de la Petrobras, a acceptat mită în timp ce se afla în funcție și a continuat să primească plăți de la antreprenori după ce a fost închis la sfârșitul lui 2013 pentru scandalul voturilor cumpărate." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "According to prosecutors, the scheme at Petrobras involved roughly $2 billion in bribes and other illegal funds. Some of that money was allegedly funneled back to campaign coffers of the ruling party and its allies. It also allegedly included the payment of bribes to Petrobras executives in return for inflated contracts. 'Miraculous' recovery for Peshawar massacre schoolboy A teenager paralysed after being shot four times in Pakistan's deadliest terror attack has made a \"miraculous\" recovery following treatment in the UK. Muhammad Ibrahim Khan, 13, had been told by doctors in Pakistan that he would never walk again.", "ro": "Conform procurorilor, schema de la Petrobras a implicat aproximativ 2 miliarde de dolari sub formă de mită și alte fonduri ilegale. O parte din acei bani s-ar fi întors în fondul de campanie al partidului aflat la guvernare și al aliaților acestora. De asemenea, ar fi inclus mită către directorii Petrobras în schimbul unor contracte umflate. Recuperarea „miraculoasă” a unui elev supraviețuitor al masacrului de la Peshawar Un adolescent paralizat după ce fusese împușcat de patru ori în cel mai cumplit atac terorist din Pakistan a reușit o recuperare „miraculoasă” după ce a urmat un tratament în Regatul Unit. Lui Mohamed Ibrahim Khan, în vârstă de 13 ani, doctorii din Pakistan îi spuseseră că nu va mai putea să meargă niciodată." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "At least 140 people, mostly children, were killed when gunmen stormed Peshawar's Army Public School last December. Muhammad, who arrived in London last month for surgery, is being discharged from hospital later. Exactly nine months ago, on an ordinary Tuesday morning, Muhammad sat in his first aid class listening to his teachers intently. At the same time seven gunmen disguised in security uniforms were entering the Army Public School. They were strapped with explosives and had one simple mission in mind: Kill every man, woman and child they came across. \"I can't forget what happened that day,\" Muhammad says with a severe stare.", "ro": "Cel puțin 140 de persoane, majoritatea copii, au fost ucise când bărbați înarmați au atacat școala publică a armatei din Peshawar în luna decembrie a anului trecut. Mohamed, care a sosit la Londra luna trecută pentru operație, va fi externat mai târziu din spital. Exact cu nouă luni în urmă, într-o dimineață obișnuită de marți, Mohamed stătea la ora de primul ajutor și își asculta atent profesorii. Chiar atunci, șapte bărbați înarmați deghizați în uniformele agenților de pază intrau în școala publică a armatei. Purtau centuri cu explozivi și aveau de îndeplinit o misiune simplă: să îi ucidă pe toți bărbații, femeile și copiii care le ieșeau în cale. „Nu pot uita ce s-a întâmplat în acea zi”, spune Mohamed cu o privire aspră." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "We were sitting in the auditorium, we were asking questions... and then we heard heavy gunfire outside. The terrorists moved inside and they started killing - our teacher was burned alive. Muhammad described pulling four other pupils out of the auditorium as the carnage unfolded. He said he then heard his friend, Hamza calling to him. He said, 'oh brother save me'. I held his hand. That's when I was shot in the back, and he was shot in the head. Most of the people killed in the attack were pupils Hamza died in Muhammad's arms. Muhammad recalled blacking out after that, and the next thing he knew he was in a hospital bed, paralysed from the waist down.", "ro": "Stăteam în amfiteatru, puneam întrebări... apoi am auzit focuri de armă afară. Teroriștii au intrat înăuntru și au început să ucidă. Profesorul nostru a fost ars de viu. Mohamed descrie cum a scos patru elevi din amfiteatru în timp ce se desfășura carnagiul. Apoi spune că și-a auzit prietenul, pe Hamza, strigându-l. Spunea „oh, frate, salvează-mă”. L-am ținut de mână. Atunci eu am fost împușcat în spate, iar el în cap. Cei mai mulți dintre cei uciși în atac erau elevi Hamza a murit în brațele lui Mohamed. Mohamed își amintește că imediat după asta a leșinat și că următorul lucru pe care l-a știut a fost că se afla pe un pat de spital, paralizat de la brâu în jos." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Doctors in Peshawar in northern Pakistan, and then Rawalpindi, close to the capital, told his family there was no treatment, and he would never walk again. \"Seeing him I felt like my soul had left my body,\" says Muhammad's father, Sher Khan Those nine months were the hardest in my life. But Mr Khan and his wife, Sherbano, refused to believe that their cricket-mad son would never be able to use his legs again. They campaigned, and appealed for help on Pakistani TV, gaining the support of high profile people such as cricketer turned politician Imran Khan.", "ro": "Doctorii din Peshawar din nordul Pakistanului, apoi cei din Rawalpindi, aproape de capitală, i-au spus familiei sale că nu exista tratament și că nu va mai putea merge niciodată. „Când l-am văzut, am simțit cum îmi iese sufletul”, spune Sher Khan, tatăl lui Mohamed. Acele nouă luni au fost cele mai grele din viața mea. Însă Khan și soția lui, Sherbano, au refuzat să creadă că fiul lor atât de pasionat de crichet nu-și va mai putea folosi vreodată picioarele. Au făcut o campanie și au cerut ajutor de la televiziunea pakistaneză, atrăgând sprijinul unor oameni faimoși precum Imran Khan, jucător de crichet devenit politician." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Finally, they were able to raise the funds to bring Muhammad to the UK and provide him with treatment at London's private Harley Street Clinic. Consultant neurosurgeon Irfan Malik described Muhammad as \"terrified\" when he first arrived at the hospital. \"He'd spent the last [few] months lying on a bed, unable to move side to side,\" says Mr Malik. He was weak, he had a pressure sore on his back. He wasn't in great shape. A vertebra at the base of Muhammad's spine was destroyed Muhammad was shot in his shoulder, his hip, and his back during the attack, damaging his lower spine - leading to paralysis.", "ro": "Într-un final, au reușit să strângă fonduri pentru a-l duce pe Mohamed în Regatul Unit și a-i oferi tratament la clinica privată Harley Street din Londra. Neurochirurgul consultant Irfan Malik l-a descris pe Mohamed drept „înspăimântat” când acesta a ajuns la spital. „Își petrecuse ultimele [câteva] luni zăcând în pat, fără să se poată mișca de pe o parte pe alta, spune Malik. Era slăbit, se pusese multă presiune pe spatele lui. Nu era într-o formă prea bună. O vertebră de la baza coloanei vertebrale a lui Mohamed fusese distrusă Mohamed fusese împușcat în umăr, în șold și în spate în timpul atacului, iar coloana vertebrală inferioară îi fusese distrusă, ducând la paralizie." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "But during six hours of surgery, Mr Malik and his team were able to reattach nerve endings and reconstruct the damaged part of the spine. Even Mr Malik was surprised at what happened next. Exactly one week after the surgery Muhammad stood up and started taking steps and walking. We were not expecting to get that sort of excellent result. That was miraculous,\" he says. Less than two weeks after his operation, Muhammad is ready to leave hospital and start the long road to recovery. Muhammad has defied the odds and started to walk again He says he wants to build his strength and continue his education in the UK. But he says he is determined to return to Pakistan, join the army and help fight terrorism.", "ro": "Însă, în timpul unei operații care a durat șase ore, Malik și echipa lui au reușit să lege din nou terminațiile nervoase și să reconstruiască partea distrusă a coloanei. Chiar și Malik a fost surprins de ceea ce s-a întâmplat în continuare. Exact la o săptămână după operație, Mohamed s-a ridicat și a început să facă pași și să meargă. Nu ne așteptam la un rezultat atât de bun. A fost un miracol”, spune acesta. În mai puțin de două săptămâni de la operație, Mohamed este gata să părăsească spitalul și să înceapă procesul lung de recuperare. Mohamed a sfidat soarta și a început să meargă din nou Vrea să devină puternic și să își continue studiile în Regatul Unit. Însă este hotărât să revină în Pakistan, să se înroleze în armată și să lupte împotriva terorismului." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "\"I feel like I have a second chance at life,\" he says as he shows off pictures he's drawn of guns scribbled out next to school books and pens Muhammad grows physically stronger every day but the psychological trauma he continues to endure is unimaginable. \"My anger is not diminishing\" he says. In my school little kids were killed. What was their crime? His mother, wiping a tear from her eye, caressed his head and said: \"I can see my son walking again.\" He'll be able to get on with his normal life. 'Super Voice' 4G service from Three offers better signal Three is making use of a lower frequency 4G spectrum that can travel more widely", "ro": "„Simt că am încă o șansă la viață” spune el, arătând imaginile cu arme desenate de el lângă manuale școlare și stilouri Fizic, Mohamed devine tot mai puternic în fiecare zi, însă trauma psihologică prin care trece și acum este de neimaginat. „Furia mea nu a scăzut”, mărturisește el. În școala mea au fost uciși copii mici. Ce crimă au comis ei? Mama lui își șterge o lacrimă, îl mângâie pe creștet și spune: „Îmi văd fiul mergând din nou”. Va putea să-și continue firesc viața. Serviciul 4G „Super Voice” de la Three oferă semnal mai bun Three folosește un spectru 4G cu o frecvență mai joasă, care poate acoperi o zonă mai extinsă" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Mobile phone provider Three has launched a UK service it says will improve reception inside buildings and in rural black spots. Its 4G Super Voice enables customers to make calls and send texts using a lower frequency spectrum. Other networks are looking into introducing the technology, known as Voice Over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE). It currently works on only the Samsung Galaxy S5, but recent iPhone handsets will be added in the coming months. Three said up to 5.5 million customers would have access to the service by 2017.", "ro": "Furnizorul de telefonie mobilă Three a lansat în Regatul Unit un serviciu despre care spune că va îmbunătăți recepția în interiorul clădirilor și în zonele rurale fără semnal. Serviciul 4G Super Voice le permite clienților să efectueze apeluri și să trimită mesaje text folosind un spectru cu o frecvență mai joasă. Și alte rețele intenționează să introducă aceeași tehnologie, cunoscută ca „Voice Over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE)”. Aceasta funcționează momentan doar cu Samsung Galaxy S5, însă telefoanele iPhone recente vor beneficia de ea în lunile următoare. Three menționează că până la 5,5 milioane de clienți vor avea acces la serviciu până în 2017." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Chief technology officer Bryn Jones said: \"By the end of the year, one million of our customers will have access to better indoor coverage and be able to use their phones in more places than ever before.\" Stars prepare for panto season Pantomime season is big business for theatres up and down the UK, with many getting ready for this year's season now. Some of the biggest names in showbusiness now take part in the yuletide theatre. Matthew Kelly and Hayley Mills will be appearing in Cinderella - one as an ugly sister, the other as fairy godmother. They reveal their panto secrets to BBC Breakfast. Steven Wilson: 'If I don't do anything, I feel this creeping guilt'", "ro": "Responsabilul șef pentru tehnologie, Bryn Jones a declarat: „Până la sfârșitul anului, un milion dintre clienții noștri vor avea acces la o acoperire mai bună în interior și își vor putea folosi telefoanele în mai multe locuri ca până acum”. Vedetele se pregătesc pentru stagiunea de pantomimă Stagiunea de pantomimă este foarte importantă pentru teatrele din tot Regatul Unit, multe dintre ele pregătindu-se acum pentru stagiunea din acest an. Acum, la teatrul de Crăciun participă unele dintre numele cele mai mari din showbusiness. Matthew Kelly și Hayley Mills vor apărea în Cenușăreasa - primul în rolul uneia dintre surorile rele, iar a doua în rolul zânei. Aceștia dezvăluie secretele pantomimei lor la BBC Breakfast. Steven Wilson: „Dacă nu fac nimic, mă simt vinovat”" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Steven Wilson was recently the big winner at the Progressive Music Awards Steven Wilson is often dubbed the hardest working musician in the world of progressive rock. The multi-talented musician won three prizes at this month's Progressive Music Awards in London, including album of the year for Hand. The Guardian's five-star review called it \"a smart, soulful and immersive work of art.\" Since the 1980s, Wilson has been the driving force in a number of musical projects, the best known of which is the rock band Porcupine Tree. Now, ahead of two sell-out shows at the Royal Albert Hall, Wilson is releasing a vinyl-only double LP, Transience, to showcase the \"more accessible\" side of his solo output.", "ro": "Steven Wilson a fost desemnat recent drept marele câștigător al Progressive Music Awards Steven Wilson a fost numit de multe ori drept cel mai muncitor muzician din lumea rockului progresiv. Talentatul muzician a câștigat trei premii la Progressive Music Awards, care a avut loc luna aceasta la Londra, printre care și premiul pentru cel mai bun album al anului pentru Hand. În recenzia sa de cinci stele, The Guardian a numit albumul „o operă de artă inteligentă, expresivă și captivantă”. Încă din anii 1980, Wilson este motorul mai multor proiecte muzicale, cel mai cunoscut dintre acestea fiind trupa de rock Porcupine Tree. Acum, înainte de două spectacole cu casa închisă la Royal Albert Hall, Wilson lansează un dublu LP doar în format vinil, Transience, pentru a arăta latura „mai accesibilă” a activității sale solo." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "He tells the BBC about his love of vinyl, his busy schedule and explains how comic actor Matt Berry came to be his support act. What does vinyl mean to you? I grew up at the very tail end of the vinyl era, and at the time, I remember, we couldn't wait for CD to come along because vinyl was so frustrating. You would buy the record, take it home, and it would have a scratch, and you would have to take it back again. I love CDs, and for some kinds of music - classical for example - it is better than vinyl. But the problem with the CD and digital downloads is that there's nothing you can really cherish or treasure. Owning vinyl is like having a beautiful painting hanging in your living room.", "ro": "A povestit pentru BBC despre dragostea lui pentru viniluri și despre programul său încărcat și a explicat cum a ajuns actorul de comedie Matt Berry să îi deschidă spectacolele. Ce înseamnă vinil pentru tine? Am crescut chiar în perioada de sfârșit a erei vinilurilor și îmi amintesc că atunci abia așteptam apariția CD-ului, căci vinilul era atât de enervant. Cumpărai un disc, mergeai cu el acasă, avea o zgârietură și trebuia să îl aduci înapoi. Iubesc CD-urile, iar pentru anumite tipuri de muzică, de exemplu cea clasică, sunt mai bune decât vinilurile. Însă problema cu CD-urile și cu descărcările digitale este aceea că nu mai există nimic pe care să îl prețuiești cu adevărat. Să ai un vinil e ca și cum ai avea un tablou frumos agățat în sufragerie." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "It's something you can hold, pore over the lyrics and immerse yourself in the art work. I thought it was just a nostalgic thing, but it can't be if kids too young to remember vinyl are enjoying that kind of experience. Do you have a piece of vinyl that you treasure? The truth is I got rid of 100% of my vinyl in the 90s. All the vinyl I have is re-bought. I started off from the perspective that I wanted to recreate the collection I had when I was 15, but it's gone beyond that. The first record which I persuaded my parents to buy for me was Electric Light Orchestra's Out of the Blue.", "ro": "E ceva ce poți ține în mână, în timp ce te lași absorbit de versuri și copleșit de actul artistic. Am crezut că e doar o chestie nostalgică, însă nu are cum să fie așa dacă unor puști prea tineri să-și amintească de viniluri le place acest gen de experiență. Ai vreun vinil la care ții în mod special? Recunosc că am scăpat de toate vinilurile în anii '90. Toate vinilurile pe care le am sunt cumpărate din nou. Am pornit de la ideea de a reface colecția pe care o aveam la 15 ani, însă am trecut de limita aceea. Primul disc pe care mi-am convins părinții să mi-l cumpere a fost Out of the Blue de la Electric Light Orchestra." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "If I still had my original copy, it would have sentimental value, but, alas, it's in a charity shop somewhere. Steven Wilson hopes the album will be a doorway for potential new fans Why release your new compilation Transience on vinyl? It was originally conceived as an idea for Record Store Day, but we missed the boat on that. My record company had suggested I put together some of my shorter, more accessible songs. I got a bit obsessed by the idea to make something like \"an introduction to Steven Wilson,\" and I was committed to it being a vinyl-only release. Anyone who buys the vinyl does also get a high-resolution download.", "ro": "Dacă aș mai fi avut încă exemplarul inițial, acesta ar fi avut valoare sentimentală, însă, din păcate, se află pe undeva printr-un magazin de caritate. Steven Wilson speră că albumul va fi o poartă către posibili fani noi De ce ți-ai lansat noua compilație Transience pe vinil? Aceasta a fost concepută inițial ca idee pentru Ziua magazinelor de discuri, însă am ratat ocazia. Casa mea de discuri sugerase să adun câteva dintre melodiile mele mai scurte și mai accesibile. Am ajuns să fiu ușor obsedat de ideea de a face ceva gen „introducere în muzica lui Steven Wilson” și am ținut neapărat ca proiectul să fie lansat doar pe vinil. Cine cumpără vinilul primește, de asemenea, și o variantă descărcată la rezoluție înaltă." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Do you have a concern that the album won't show your work in a true light?", "ro": "Ești îngrijorat că albumul nu va arăta muzica ta în adevărata ei lumină?" } }
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/wmt_en_ro/train.json | { "translation": { "en": "Corrections to votes and voting intentions: see Minutes Assignment conferred on a Member: see Minutes Membership of committees and delegations: see Minutes Decisions concerning certain documents: see Minutes Forwarding of texts adopted during the sitting: see Minutes Dates for next sittings: see Minutes", "ro": "Corectările voturilor şi intenţiile de vot: a se vedea procesul-verbal Misiune încredinţată unui deputat: consultaţi procesul-verbal Componenţa comisiilor şi a delegaţiilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Decizii privind anumite documente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Transmiterea textelor adoptate în cursul prezentei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Calendarul următoarelor şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Membership of Parliament: see Minutes Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes Membership of Parliament: see Minutes Verification of credentials: see Minutes Documents received: see Minutes Written statements and oral questions (tabling): see Minutes Petitions: see Minutes Texts of agreements forwarded by the Council: see Minutes Action taken on Parliament's resolutions: see Minutes Agenda for next sitting: see Minutes Closure of sitting (The sitting was closed at 7.45 p.m.)", "ro": "Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal Verificarea prerogativelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Depunere de documente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Declaraţii scrise şi întrebări orale (depunere): consultaţi procesul-verbal Petiţii: a se vedea procesul-verbal Transmiterea de către Consiliu a textelor acordurilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Cursul dat rezoluţiilor Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal Ordinea de zi a următoarei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Ridicarea şedinţei (Se levanta la sesión a las 19.45 horas)" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Election of Vice-Presidents of the European Parliament (deadline for submitting nominations): see Minutes (The sitting was suspended at 12.40 p.m. and resumed at 3.00 p.m.) Election of Quaestors of the European Parliament (deadline for submitting nominations): see Minutes (The sitting was suspended at 3.25 p.m. and resumed at 6.00 p.m.) Agenda for next sitting: see Minutes Closure of sitting (The sitting was closed at 6.15 p.m.) Opening of the sitting (The sitting was opened at 9.35 a.m.) Documents received: see Minutes Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes Membership of Parliament: see Minutes", "ro": "Alegerea vicepreşedinţilor Parlamentului European (termenul de depunere a candidaturilor): consultaţi procesul-verbal (Die Sitzung wird um 12.40 Uhr unterbrochen und um 15.00 Uhr wiederaufgenommen). Alegerea chestorilor Parlamentului European (termenul de depunere a candidaturilor): consultaţi procesul-verbal (Die Sitzung wird um 15.25 Uhr unterbrochen und um 18.00 Uhr wiederaufgenommen). Ordinea de zi a următoarei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Ridicarea şedinţei (Die Sitzung wird um 18.15 Uhr geschlossen.) Deschiderea şedinţei (Die Sitzung wird um 9.35 Uhr eröffnet.) Depunerea documentelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Membership of committees (deadline for tabling amendments): see Minutes (The sitting was suspended at 7 p.m. and resumed at 9 p.m.) Agenda for next sitting: see Minutes Closure of sitting (The sitting was suspended at 23.25 p.m.) Documents received: see Minutes Communication of Council common positions: see Minutes (The sitting was suspended at 11.35 a.m. and resumed for voting time at noon) Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes Committee of Inquiry into the crisis of the Equitable Life Assurance Society (extension of mandate): see Minutes", "ro": "Componenţa comisiilor (termenul de depunere a amendamentelor): consultaţi procesul-verbal (La seduta, sospesa alle 19.00, è ripresa alle 21.00) Ordinea de zi a următoarei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Ridicarea şedinţei (Die Sitzung wird um 23.25 Uhr geschlossen.) Depunerea documentelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Comunicarea poziţiilor comune ale Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal (La séance, suspendue à 11h35 dans l'attente de l'Heure des votes, est reprise à midi) Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Comisia de anchetă privind criza societăţii de asigurări \"Equitable Life” (prelungirea mandatului): consultaţi procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Announcement by the President: see Minutes 1. Membership of committees (vote) 2. Amendment of the ACP-EC Partnership Agreement (vote) 4. Certification of train drivers operating locomotives and trains on the railway system in the Community (vote) 6. Law applicable to non-contractual obligations (\"ROME II\") (vote) 8. Seventh and eighth annual reports on arms exports (vote) Corrections to votes and voting intentions: see Minutes Membership of committees and delegations: see Minutes Request for waiver of parliamentary immunity: see Minutes Decisions concerning certain documents: see Minutes", "ro": "Comunicarea Preşedintelui: consultaţi procesul-verbal 1. Componenţa comisiilor (vot) 2. Modificarea Acordului de parteneriat ACP-CE (\"Acordul de la Cotonou”) (vot) 4. Certificarea mecanicilor de locomotivă care conduc locomotive şi trenuri în sistemul feroviar comunitar (vot) 6. Legea aplicabilă obligaţiilor necontractuale (\"Roma II”) (vot) 8. Al şaptelea şi al optulea raport anual privind exportul de armament (vot) Corectările voturilor şi intenţiile de vot: a se vedea procesul-verbal Componenţa comisiilor şi a delegaţiilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Cerere de ridicare a imunităţii parlamentare: consultaţi procesul-verbal Decizii privind anumite documente: a se vedea procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Written statements for entry", "ro": "Declaraţii scrise înscrise" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Written statements for entry in the register (Rule 116): see Minutes Forwarding of texts adopted during the sitting: see Minutes Dates for next sittings: see Minutes Adjournment of the session I declare the session of the European Parliament adjourned. (The sitting was closed at 1 p.m.) Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes Membership of Parliament: see Minutes Request for the defence of parliamentary immunity: see Minutes Appointments to committees (proposal by the Conference of Presidents): see Minutes Documents received: see Minutes Texts of agreements forwarded by the Council: see Minutes", "ro": "Declaraţii scrise înscrise în registru (articolul 116 din Regulamentul de procedură): a se vedea procesul-verbal Transmiterea textelor adoptate în cursul prezentei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Calendarul următoarelor şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Întreruperea sesiunii Dichiaro interrotta la sessione del Parlamento europeo. (La seduta è tolta alle 13.00) Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal Cerere de apărare a imunităţii parlamentare: consultaţi procesul-verbal Numiri în comisii (propunerea Conferinţei preşedinţilor): consultaţi procesul-verbal Depunerea documentelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Transmiterea de către Consiliu a textelor acordurilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Action taken on Parliament's resolutions: see Minutes Oral questions and written statements (tabling): see Minutes Written statements (Rule 116): see Minutes Agenda: see Minutes 1. Appointments to parliamentary committees (vote): see Minutes Voting time Agenda for next sitting: see Minutes Closure of sitting (The sitting was closed at 12 midnight) Opening of the sitting (The sitting was opened at 09.05) Documents received: see Minutes Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes 1. Protection of passengers against displaced luggage (vote) 2.", "ro": "Continuări ale rezoluţiilor Parlamentului: consultaţi procesul-verbal Declaraţii scrise şi întrebări orale (depunere): consultaţi procesul-verbal Declaraţii scrise (articolul 116 din Regulamentul de procedură) Ordinea de zi: a se vedea procesul-verbal 1. Numiri în comisiile parlamentare (vot): consultaţi procesul-verbal Timpul afectat votului Ordinea de zi a următoarei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Ridicarea şedinţei (La seduta è tolta alle 24.00) Deschiderea şedinţei (The sitting was opened at 09.05) Depunerea documentelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal 1. Protecţia pasagerilor împotriva deplasării bagajelor (vot) 2." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Approval of motor vehicles with regard to the forward field of vision of the driver (vote) 3. EC-Korea Agreement on scientific and technological cooperation (vote) 4. Mainstreaming sustainability in development cooperation policies (vote) 5. Draft Amending Budget No 1/2007 (vote) 7. EC-Gabon Fisheries Partnership (vote) 10. Limitation periods in cross-border disputes involving personal injuries and fatal accidents (vote) 12. Strategy for a strengthened partnership with the Pacific Islands (vote) 13. The European private company statute (vote) That concludes the vote.", "ro": "Omologarea vehiculelor cu motor cu privire la câmpul de vizibilitate înainte al conducătorului auto (vot) 3. Acordul CE-Coreea de cooperare ştiinţifică şi tehnologică (vot) 4. Integrarea durabilităţii în politicile de cooperare pentru dezvoltare (vot) 5. Proiect de buget rectificativ nr.1/2007 (vot) 7. Acordul de parteneriat în domeniul pescuitului între Comunitatea Europeană şi Republica Gaboneză (vot) 10. Termenele de prescripţie aplicabile în cadrul litigiilor transfrontaliere cu privire la vătămările corporale şi accidentele mortale (vot) 12. Relaţiile UE cu insulele din Pacific: Strategie pentru un parteneriat consolidat (vot) 13. Statutul societăţii private europene (vot) Damit ist die Abstimmungsstunde beendet." } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Corrections to votes and voting intentions: see Minutes Assignment conferred on a Member: see Minutes Membership of committees and delegations: see Minutes Decisions concerning certain documents: see Minutes Forwarding of texts adopted during the sitting: see Minutes Dates for next sittings: see Minutes", "ro": "Corectările voturilor şi intenţiile de vot: a se vedea procesul-verbal Misiune încredinţată unui deputat: consultaţi procesul-verbal Componenţa comisiilor şi a delegaţiilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal Decizii privind anumite documente: a se vedea procesul-verbal Transmiterea textelor adoptate în cursul prezentei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal Calendarul următoarelor şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal" } }
{ "translation": { "en": "Written statements for entry", "ro": "Declaraţii scrise înscrise" } }
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/COCO/coco_annotations.txt | [{"segmentation": [[333.96, 175.14, 338.26, 134.33, 342.55, 95.67, 348.99, 79.57, 368.32, 80.64, 371.54, 91.38, 364.03, 106.41, 356.51, 145.07, 351.14, 166.55, 350.07, 184.8, 345.77, 185.88, 332.89, 178.36, 332.89, 172.99]], "area": 2120.991099999999, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [332.89, 79.57, 38.65, 106.31], "category_id": 75, "id": 1108446}, {"segmentation": [[44.03, 86.01, 112.75, 74.2, 173.96, 77.42, 175.03, 89.23, 170.74, 98.9, 147.11, 102.12, 54.77, 119.3, 53.69, 119.3, 44.03, 113.93, 41.88, 94.6, 41.88, 94.6]], "area": 4052.607, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [41.88, 74.2, 133.15, 45.1], "category_id": 75, "id": 1110067}, {"segmentation": [[1.08, 473.53, 633.17, 473.53, 557.66, 376.45, 535.01, 366.74, 489.71, 305.26, 470.29, 318.2, 456.27, 351.64, 413.12, 363.51, 376.45, 358.11, 348.4, 350.56, 363.51, 331.15, 357.03, 288.0, 353.8, 257.8, 344.09, 190.92, 333.3, 177.98, 345.17, 79.82, 284.76, 130.52, 265.35, 151.01, 308.49, 189.84, 317.12, 215.73, 293.39, 243.78, 269.66, 212.49, 235.15, 199.55, 214.65, 193.08, 187.69, 217.89, 159.64, 278.29, 135.91, 313.89, 169.35, 292.31, 203.87, 281.53, 220.04, 292.31, 220.04, 307.42, 175.82, 345.17, 155.33, 360.27, 105.71, 363.51, 85.21, 374.29, 74.43, 366.74, 70.11, 465.98, 42.07, 471.37, 33.44, 457.35, 34.52, 414.2, 29.12, 368.9, 9.71, 291.24, 46.38, 209.26, 99.24, 128.36, 131.6, 107.87, 50.7, 117.57, 40.99, 103.55, 40.99, 85.21, 60.4, 77.66, 141.3, 70.11, 173.66, 72.27, 174.74, 92.76, 204.94, 72.27, 225.44, 62.56, 262.11, 56.09, 292.31, 53.93, 282.61, 81.98, 298.79, 96.0, 310.65, 102.47, 348.4, 74.43, 373.21, 81.98, 430.38, 35.6, 484.31, 23.73, 540.4, 46.38, 593.26, 66.88, 638.56, 80.9, 632.09, 145.62, 581.39, 118.65, 543.64, 130.52, 533.93, 167.19, 512.36, 197.39, 498.34, 218.97, 529.62, 253.48, 549.03, 273.98, 584.63, 276.13, 587.87, 293.39, 566.29, 305.26, 531.78, 298.79, 549.03, 319.28, 576.0, 358.11, 560.9, 376.45, 639.64, 471.37, 639.64, 2.16, 1.08, 0.0]], "area": 176277.55269999994, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [1.08, 0.0, 638.56, 473.53], "category_id": 63, "id": 1605237}, {"segmentation": [[1.07, 1.18, 640.0, 3.33, 638.93, 472.59, 4.3, 479.03]], "area": 301552.6694999999, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [1.07, 1.18, 638.93, 477.85], "category_id": 65, "id": 1612051}, {"segmentation": [[138.75, 319.38, 148.75, 294.38, 165.0, 246.87, 197.5, 205.63, 247.5, 203.13, 268.75, 216.88, 280.0, 239.38, 293.75, 244.38, 303.75, 241.88, 307.5, 228.13, 318.75, 220.63, 315.0, 200.63, 291.25, 171.88, 265.0, 156.88, 258.75, 148.13, 262.5, 135.63, 282.5, 123.13, 292.5, 115.63, 311.25, 108.13, 313.75, 106.88, 296.25, 93.13, 282.5, 84.38, 292.5, 64.38, 288.75, 60.63, 266.25, 54.38, 232.5, 63.12, 206.25, 70.63, 170.0, 100.63, 136.25, 114.38, 101.25, 138.13, 56.25, 194.38, 27.5, 259.38, 17.5, 299.38, 32.5, 378.13, 31.25, 448.13, 41.25, 469.38, 66.25, 466.88, 70.0, 419.38, 71.25, 391.88, 77.5, 365.63, 113.75, 364.38, 145.0, 360.63, 168.75, 349.38, 191.25, 330.63, 212.5, 319.38, 223.75, 305.63, 206.25, 286.88, 172.5, 288.13]], "area": 53301.618749999994, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [17.5, 54.38, 301.25, 415.0], "category_id": 17, "id": 2190839}, {"segmentation": [[543.75, 136.88, 570.0, 114.38, 591.25, 123.13, 616.25, 140.63, 640.0, 143.13, 636.25, 124.37, 605.0, 103.13, 640.0, 103.13, 633.75, 86.88, 587.5, 73.13, 548.75, 49.38, 505.0, 35.63, 462.5, 25.63, 405.0, 48.13, 362.5, 111.88, 347.5, 179.38, 355.0, 220.63, 356.25, 230.63, 365.0, 264.38, 358.75, 266.88, 358.75, 270.63, 356.25, 291.88, 356.25, 325.63, 355.0, 338.13, 350.0, 348.13, 365.0, 354.38, 396.25, 351.88, 423.75, 355.63, 446.25, 350.63, 460.0, 345.63, 462.5, 321.88, 468.75, 306.88, 481.25, 299.38, 516.25, 341.88, 536.25, 368.13, 570.0, 369.38, 578.75, 359.38, 555.0, 330.63, 532.5, 298.13, 563.75, 299.38, 582.5, 298.13, 586.25, 286.88, 578.75, 278.13, 548.75, 269.38, 525.0, 256.88, 505.0, 206.88, 536.25, 161.88, 540.0, 149.38]], "area": 59700.95625, "iscrowd": 0, "image_id": 39769, "bbox": [347.5, 25.63, 292.5, 343.75], "category_id": 17, "id": 2190842}] | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/COCO/coco_panoptic_annotations.txt | [{"id": 8222595, "category_id": 17, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [18, 54, 301, 415], "area": 53306}, {"id": 8225432, "category_id": 17, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [349, 26, 291, 343], "area": 59627}, {"id": 8798150, "category_id": 63, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [1, 0, 639, 474], "area": 174579}, {"id": 14466198, "category_id": 75, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [42, 74, 133, 45], "area": 4068}, {"id": 12821912, "category_id": 75, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [333, 80, 38, 106], "area": 2118}, {"id": 10898909, "category_id": 93, "iscrowd": 0, "bbox": [0, 0, 640, 480], "area": 2750}] | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/wmt16/sample.json | {"translation": {"en": "Membership of Parliament: see Minutes", "ro": "Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Approval of Minutes of previous sitting: see Minutes", "ro": "Aprobarea procesului-verbal al şedinţei precedente: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Membership of Parliament: see Minutes", "ro": "Componenţa Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Verification of credentials: see Minutes", "ro": "Verificarea prerogativelor: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Documents received: see Minutes", "ro": "Depunere de documente: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Written statements and oral questions (tabling): see Minutes", "ro": "Declaraţii scrise şi întrebări orale (depunere): consultaţi procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Petitions: see Minutes", "ro": "Petiţii: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Texts of agreements forwarded by the Council: see Minutes", "ro": "Transmiterea de către Consiliu a textelor acordurilor: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Action taken on Parliament's resolutions: see Minutes", "ro": "Cursul dat rezoluţiilor Parlamentului: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
{"translation": {"en": "Agenda for next sitting: see Minutes", "ro": "Ordinea de zi a următoarei şedinţe: a se vedea procesul-verbal"}}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/wiki_text/wiki_00 | <doc id="12" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12" title="Anarchism">
Anarchism
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that rejects all involuntary, coercive forms of hierarchy. It radically calls for the abolition of the state which it holds to be undesirable, unnecessary, and harmful.
The history of anarchism stretches back to prehistory, when humans lived in anarchistic societies long before the establishment of formal states, realms or empires. With the rise of organised hierarchical bodies, skepticism toward authority also rose, but it was not until the 19th century that a self-conscious political movement emerged. During the latter half of the 19th and the first decades of the 20th century, the anarchist movement flourished in most parts of the world and had a significant role in worker's struggles for emancipation. Various anarchist schools of thought formed during this period.
Anarchists took part in several revolutions, most notably in the Spanish Civil War, where they were crushed along with the alliance to restore the Second Republic by the fascist forces of the Nationalist faction and its foreign allies in Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, Portuguese Dictatorship and the Catholic Church in 1939, marking the end of the classical era of anarchism. In the last decades of the 20th century and into the 21st century, the anarchist movement has been resurgent once more.
Anarchism employs various tactics in order to meet its ideal ends; these can be broadly separated into revolutionary and evolutionary tactics. There is significant overlap between the two, which are merely descriptive. Revolutionary tactics aim to bring down authority and state, and have taken a violent turn in the past. Evolutionary tactics aim to prefigure what an anarchist society would be like. Anarchist thought, criticism, and praxis has played a part in diverse areas of human society.
The etymological origin of "anarchism" is from the Ancient Greek "anarkhia", meaning "without a ruler", composed of the prefix "an-" (i.e. "without") and the word "arkhos" (i.e. "leader" or "ruler"). The suffix "-ism" denotes the ideological current that favours anarchy. "Anarchism" appears in English from 1642 as "anarchisme" and "anarchy" from 1539. Various factions within the French Revolution labelled their opponents as "anarchists", although few such accused shared many views with later anarchists. Many revolutionaries of the 19th century such as William Godwin (1756–1836) and Wilhelm Weitling (1808–1871) would contribute to the anarchist doctrines of the next generation, but they did not use "anarchist" or "anarchism" in describing themselves or their beliefs.
The first political philosopher to call himself an "anarchist" () was Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809–1865), marking the formal birth of anarchism in the mid-19th century. Since the 1890s and beginning in France, "libertarianism" has often been used as a synonym for anarchism and its use as a synonym is still common outside the United States. On the other hand, some use "libertarianism" to refer to individualistic free-market philosophy only, referring to free-market anarchism as "libertarian anarchism".
While opposition to the state is central to anarchist thought, defining anarchism is not an easy task as there is a lot of discussion among scholars and anarchists on the matter and various currents perceive anarchism slightly differently. Hence, it might be true to say that anarchism is a cluster of political philosophies opposing authority and hierarchical organization (including the state, capitalism, nationalism and all associated institutions) in the conduct of all human relations in favour of a society based on voluntary association, on freedom and on decentralisation, but this definition has the same shortcomings as the definition based on etymology (which is simply a negation of a ruler), or based on anti-statism (anarchism is much more than that) or even the anti-authoritarian (which is an "a posteriori" conclusion). Nonetheless, major elements of the definition of anarchism include the following:
During the prehistoric era of mankind, an established authority did not exist. It was after the creation of towns and cities that institutions of authority were established and anarchistic ideas espoused as a reaction. Most notable precursors to anarchism in the ancient world were in China and Greece. In China, philosophical anarchism (i.e. the discussion on the legitimacy of the state) was delineated by Taoist philosophers Zhuang Zhou and Laozi.
Likewise, anarchic attitudes were articulated by tragedians and philosophers in Greece. Aeschylus and Sophocles used the myth of Antigone to illustrate the conflict between rules set by the state and personal autonomy. Socrates questioned Athenian authorities constantly and insisted to the right of individual freedom of consciousness. Cynics dismissed human law ("nomos") and associated authorities while trying to live according to nature ("physis"). Stoics were supportive of a society based on unofficial and friendly relations among its citizens without the presence of a state.
During the Middle Ages, there was no anarchistic activity except some ascetic religious movements in the Muslim world or in Christian Europe. This kind of tradition later gave birth to religious anarchism. In the Sasanian Empire, Mazdak called for an egalitarian society and the abolition of monarchy, only to be soon executed by Emperor Kavad I.
In Basra, religious sects preached against the state. In Europe, various sects developed anti-state and libertarian tendencies. Libertarian ideas further emerged during the Renaissance with the spread of reasoning and humanism through Europe. Novelists fictionalised ideal societies that were based not on coercion but voluntarism. The Enlightenment further pushed towards anarchism with the optimism for social progress.
During the French Revolution, partisan groups such as the Enragés and the saw a turning point in the fermentation of anti-state and federalist sentiments. The first anarchist currents developed throughout the 18th century—William Godwin espoused philosophical anarchism in England, morally delegitimizing the state, Max Stirner's thinking paved the way to individualism, and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's theory of mutualism found fertile soil in France. This era of classical anarchism lasted until the end of the Spanish Civil War of 1936 and is considered the golden age of anarchism.
Drawing from mutualism, Mikhail Bakunin founded collectivist anarchism and entered the International Workingmen's Association, a class worker union later known as the First International that formed in 1864 to unite diverse revolutionary currents. The International became a significant political force, with Karl Marx being a leading figure and a member of its General Council. Bakunin's faction (the Jura Federation) and Proudhon's followers (the mutualists) opposed Marxist state socialism, advocating political abstentionism and small property holdings. After bitter disputes, the Bakuninists were expelled from the International by the Marxists at the 1872 Hague Congress. Bakunin famously predicted that if revolutionaries gained power by Marx's terms, they would end up the new tyrants of workers. After being expelled, anarchists formed the St. Imier International. Under the influence of Peter Kropotkin, a Russian philosopher and scientist, anarcho-communism overlapped with collectivism. Anarcho-communists, who drew inspiration from the 1871 Paris Commune, advocated for free federation and for the distribution of goods according to one's needs.
At the turn of the century, anarchism had spread all over the world. In China, small groups of students imported the humanistic pro-science version of anarcho-communism. Tokyo was a hotspot for rebellious youth from countries of the far east, travelling to the Japanese capital to study. In Latin America, Argentina was a stronghold for anarcho-syndicalism, where it became the most prominent left-wing ideology. During this time, a minority of anarchists adopted tactics of revolutionary political violence. This strategy became known as propaganda of the deed. The dismemberment of the French socialist movement into many groups, and the execution and exile of many Communards to penal colonies following the suppression of the Paris Commune, favoured individualist political expression and acts. Even though many anarchists distanced themselves from these terrorist acts, infamy came upon the movement. Illegalism was another strategy which some anarchists adopted during this period.
Anarchists enthusiastically participated in the Russian Revolution—despite concerns—in opposition to the Whites. However, they met harsh suppression after the Bolshevik government was stabilized. Several anarchists from Petrograd and Moscow fled to Ukraine, notably leading to the Kronstadt rebellion and Nestor Makhno's struggle in the Free Territory. With the anarchists being crushed in Russia, two new antithetical currents emerged, namely platformism and synthesis anarchism. The former sought to create a coherent group that would push for revolution while the latter were against anything that would resemble a political party. Seeing the victories of the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution and the resulting Russian Civil War, many workers and activists turned to communist parties, which grew at the expense of anarchism and other socialist movements. In France and the United States, members of major syndicalist movements, the General Confederation of Labour and Industrial Workers of the World, left their organisations and joined the Communist International.
In the Spanish Civil War, anarchists and syndicalists (CNT and FAI) once again allied themselves with various currents of leftists. A long tradition of Spanish anarchism led to anarchists playing a pivotal role in the war. In response to the army rebellion, an anarchist-inspired movement of peasants and workers, supported by armed militias, took control of Barcelona and of large areas of rural Spain, where they collectivised the land. The Soviet Union provided some limited assistance at the beginning of the war, but the result was a bitter fight among communists and anarchists at a series of events named May Days as Joseph Stalin tried to seize control of the Republicans.
At the end of World War II, the anarchist movement was severely weakened. However, the 1960s witnessed a revival of anarchism likely caused by a perceived failure of Marxism–Leninism and tensions built by the Cold War. During this time, anarchism took root in other movements critical towards both the state and capitalism, such as the anti-nuclear, environmental and pacifist movements, the New Left, and the counterculture of the 1960s. Anarchism became associated with punk subculture, as exemplified by bands such as Crass and the Sex Pistols, and the established feminist tendencies of anarcha-feminism returned with vigour during the second wave of feminism.
Around the turn of the 21st century, anarchism grew in popularity and influence within anti-war, anti-capitalist, and anti-globalisation movements. Anarchists became known for their involvement in protests against the World Trade Organization, the Group of Eight and the World Economic Forum. During the protests, "ad hoc" leaderless anonymous cadres known as black blocs engaged in rioting, property destruction, and violent confrontations with the police. Other organisational tactics pioneered in this time include security culture, affinity groups, and the use of decentralised technologies such as the internet. A significant event of this period was the confrontations at the WTO conference in Seattle in 1999. Anarchist ideas have been influential in the development of the Zapatistas in Mexico and the Democratic Federation of Northern Syria, more commonly known as Rojava, a "de facto" autonomous region in northern Syria.
Anarchist schools of thought have been generally grouped into two main historical traditions, social anarchism and individualist anarchism, owing to their different origins, values and evolution. The individualist current emphasises negative liberty in opposing restraints upon the free individual, while the social current emphasises positive liberty in aiming to achieve the free potential of society through equality and social ownership. In a chronological sense, anarchism can be segmented by the classical currents of the late 19th century, and the post-classical currents (such as anarcha-feminism, green anarchism and post-anarchism) developed thereafter.
Beyond the specific factions of anarchist movements which constitute political anarchism lies philosophical anarchism, which holds that the state lacks moral legitimacy, without necessarily accepting the imperative of revolution to eliminate it. A component especially of individualist anarchism, philosophical anarchism may tolerate the existence of a minimal state, but argues that citizens have no moral obligation to obey government when it conflicts with individual autonomy. Anarchism pays significant attention to moral arguments since ethics have a central role in anarchist philosophy.
One reaction against sectarianism within the anarchist milieu was anarchism without adjectives, a call for toleration and unity among anarchists first adopted by Fernando Tarrida del Mármol in 1889 in response to the bitter debates of anarchist theory at the time. Despite separation, the various anarchist schools of thought are not seen as distinct entities, but as tendencies that intermingle.
Anarchism is usually placed on the far-left of the political spectrum. Much of its economics and legal philosophy reflect anti-authoritarian, anti-statist, and libertarian interpretations of the radical left-wing and socialist politics of collectivism, communism, individualism, mutualism, and syndicalism, among other libertarian socialist economic theories. As anarchism does not offer a fixed body of doctrine from a single particular worldview, many anarchist types and traditions exist, and varieties of anarchy diverge widely.
Inceptive currents among classical anarchist currents were mutualism and individualism. They were followed by the major currents of social anarchism (collectivist, communist, and syndicalist). They differ on organizational and economic aspects of their ideal society.
Mutualism is an 18th-century economic theory that was developed into anarchist theory by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Its aims include reciprocity, free association, voluntary contract, federation, and credit and currency reform that would be regulated by a bank of the people. Mutualism has been retrospectively characterised as ideologically situated between individualist and collectivist forms of anarchism. Proudhon first characterised his goal as a "third form of society, the synthesis of communism and property".
Collectivist anarchism, also known as anarchist collectivism or anarcho-collectivism, is a revolutionary socialist form of anarchism commonly associated with Mikhail Bakunin. Collectivist anarchists advocate collective ownership of the means of production, theorised to be achieved through violent revolution, and that workers be paid according to time worked, rather than goods being distributed according to need as in communism. Collectivist anarchism arose alongside Marxism, but rejected the dictatorship of the proletariat despite the stated Marxist goal of a collectivist stateless society. Anarcho-communism, also known as anarchist-communism, communist anarchism, and libertarian communism, is a theory of anarchism that advocates a communist society with common ownership of the means of production, direct democracy, and a horizontal network of voluntary associations and workers' councils with production and consumption based on the guiding principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his need". Anarcho-communism developed from radical socialist currents after the French Revolution, but it was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the First International. It was later expanded upon in the theoretical work of Peter Kropotkin.
Anarcho-syndicalism, also referred to as revolutionary syndicalism, is a branch of anarchism that views labour syndicates as a potential force for revolutionary social change, replacing capitalism and the state with a new society democratically self-managed by workers. The basic principles of anarcho-syndicalism are workers' solidarity, direct action, and workers' self-management.
Individualist anarchism refers to several traditions of thought within the anarchist movement that emphasise the individual and their will over any kinds of external determinants. Early influences on individualist forms of anarchism include William Godwin, Max Stirner and Henry David Thoreau. Through many countries, individualist anarchism attracted a small yet diverse following of Bohemian artists and intellectuals as well as young anarchist outlaws in what became known as illegalism and individual reclamation.
Anarchist principles undergird contemporary radical social movements of the left. Interest in the anarchist movement developed alongside momentum in the anti-globalization movement, whose leading activist networks were anarchist in orientation. As the movement shaped 21st century radicalism, wider embrace of anarchist principles signaled a revival of interest. Contemporary news coverage which emphasizes black bloc demonstrations has reinforced anarchism's historical association with chaos and violence, although its publicity has also led more scholars to engage with the anarchist movement. Anarchism has continued to generate many philosophies and movements—at times eclectic, drawing upon various sources, and syncretic, combining disparate concepts to create new philosophical approaches. The anti-capitalist tradition of classical anarchism has remained prominent within contemporary currents.
Various anarchist groups, tendencies, and schools of thought exist today, making it difficult to describe contemporary anarchist movement. While theorists and activists have established "relatively stable constellations of anarchist principles", there is no consensus on which principles are core. As a result, commentators describe multiple "anarchisms" (rather than a singular "anarchism") in which common principles are shared between schools of anarchism while each group prioritizes those principles differently. For example, gender equality can be a common principle but ranks as a higher priority to anarcha-feminists than anarchist communists. Anarchists are generally committed against coercive authority in all forms, namely "all centralized and hierarchical forms of government (e.g., monarchy, representative democracy, state socialism, etc.), economic class systems (e.g., capitalism, Bolshevism, feudalism, slavery, etc.), autocratic religions (e.g., fundamentalist Islam, Roman Catholicism, etc.), patriarchy, heterosexism, white supremacy, and imperialism". However, anarchist schools disagree on the methods by which these forms should be opposed.
Anarchists' tactics take various forms but in general serve two major goals—first, to oppose the Establishment; and second, to promote anarchist ethics and reflect an anarchist vision of society, illustrating the unity of means and ends. A broad categorization can be made between aims to destroy oppressive states and institutions by revolutionary means, and aims to change society through evolutionary means. Evolutionary tactics reject violence and take a gradual approach to anarchist aims, though there is significant overlap between the two.
Anarchist tactics have shifted during the course of the last century. Anarchists during the early 20th century focused more on strikes and militancy, while contemporary anarchists use a broader array of approaches.
During the classical era, anarchists had a militant tendency. Not only did they confront state armed forces (as in Spain and Ukraine) but some of them also employed terrorism as propaganda of the deed. Assassination attempts were carried out against heads of state, some of which were successful. Anarchists also took part in revolutions. Anarchist perspectives towards violence have always been perplexing and controversial. On one hand, anarcho-pacifists point out the unity of means and ends. On the other hand, other anarchist groups advocate direct action, a tactic which can include acts of sabotage or even acts of terrorism. This attitude was quite prominent a century ago; seeing the state as a tyrant, some anarchists believed that they had every right to oppose its oppression by any means possible. Emma Goldman and Errico Malatesta, who were proponents of limited use of violence, argued that violence is merely a reaction to state violence as a necessary evil.
Anarchists took an active role in strikes, although they tended to be antipathetic to formal syndicalism, seeing it as reformist. They saw it as a part of the movement which sought to overthrow the state and capitalism. Anarchists also reinforced their propaganda within the arts, some of whom practiced nudism. They also built communities which were based on friendship. They were also involved in the press.
In the current era, Italian anarchist Alfredo Bonanno, a proponent of insurrectionary anarchism, has reinstated the debate on violence by rejecting the nonviolence tactic adopted since the late 19th century by Kropotkin and other prominent anarchists afterwards. Both Bonanno and the French group The Invisible Committee advocate for small, informal affiliation groups, where each member is responsible for their own actions but works together to bring down oppression utilizing sabotage and other violent means against state, capitalism and other enemies. Members of The Invisible Committee were arrested in 2008 on various charges, terrorism included.
Overall, today's anarchists are much less violent and militant than their ideological ancestors. They mostly engage in confronting the police during demonstrations and riots, especially in countries like Canada, Mexico or Greece. Μilitant black bloc protest groups are known for clashing with the police. However, anarchists not only clash with state operators; they also engage in the struggle against fascists and racists, taking anti-fascist action and mobilizing to prevent hate rallies from happening.
Anarchists commonly employ direct action. This can take the form of disrupting and protesting against unjust hierarchy, or the form of self-managing their lives through the creation of counter-institutions such as communes and non-hierarchical collectives. Often, decision-making is handled in an anti-authoritarian way, with everyone having equal say in each decision, an approach known as horizontalism. Contemporary-era anarchists have been engaging with various grassroots movements that are not explicitly anarchist but are more or less based on horizontalism, respecting personal autonomy, and participating in mass activism such as strikes and demonstrations. The newly coined term "small-a anarchism", in contrast with the "big-A anarchism" of the classical era, signals their tendency not to base their thoughts and actions on classical-era anarchism or to refer to Kropotkin or Proudhon to justify their opinions. They would rather base their thought and praxis on their own experience, which they will later theorize.
The decision-making process of small affinity anarchist groups play a significant tactical role. Anarchists have employed various methods in order to build a rough consensus among members of their group, without the need of a leader or a leading group. One way is for an individual from the group to play the role of facilitator to help achieve a consensus without taking part in the discussion themselves or promoting a specific point. Minorities usually accept rough consensus, except when they feel the proposal contradicts anarchist goals, values, or ethics. Anarchists usually form small groups (5–20 individuals) to enhance autonomy and friendships among their members. These kind of groups more often than not interconnect with each other, forming larger networks. Anarchists still support and participate in strikes, especially wildcat strikes; these are leaderless strikes not organised centrally by a syndicate.
Anarchists have gone online to spread their message. As in the past, newspapers and journals are used; however, because of distributional and other difficulties, anarchists have found it easier to create websites, hosting electronic libraries and other portals. Anarchists were also involved in developing various software that are available for free. The way these hacktivists work to develop and distribute resembles the anarchist ideals, especially when it comes to preserving user's privacy from state surveillance.
Anarchists organize themselves to squat and reclaim public spaces. During important events such as protests and when spaces are being occupied, they are often called Temporary Autonomous Zones (TAZ), spaces where surrealism, poetry and art are blended to display the anarchist ideal. As seen by anarchists, squatting is a way to regain urban space from the capitalist market, serving pragmatical needs, and is also seen an exemplary direct action. Acquiring space enables anarchists to experiment with their ideas and build social bonds. Adding up these tactics, and having in mind that not all anarchists share the same attitudes towards them, along with various forms of protesting at highly symbolic events, make up a carnivalesque atmosphere that is part of contemporary anarchist vividity.
As anarchism is a philosophy that embodies many diverse attitudes, tendencies, and schools of thought, and disagreement over questions of values, ideology, and tactics is common, its diversity has led to widely different uses of identical terms among different anarchist traditions, which has created a number of definitional concerns in anarchist theory. For instance, the compatibility of capitalism, nationalism and religion with anarchism is widely disputed. Similarly, anarchism enjoys complex relationships with ideologies such as Marxism, communism, collectivism and trade unionism. Anarchists may be motivated by humanism, divine authority, enlightened self-interest, veganism, or any number of alternative ethical doctrines. Phenomena such as civilisation, technology (e.g. within anarcho-primitivism) and the democratic process may be sharply criticised within some anarchist tendencies and simultaneously lauded in others.
Gender and sexuality carry along them dynamics of hierarchy; anarchism is obliged to address, analyse and oppose the suppression of one's autonomy because of the dynamics that gender roles traditionally impose.
A historical current that arose and flourished during 1890 and 1920 within anarchism was free love; in contemporary anarchism, this current survives as a tendency to support polyamory and queer anarchism. Free love advocates were against marriage, which they saw as a way of men imposing authority over women, largely because marriage law greatly favoured the power of men. The notion of free love, though, was much broader; it included critique of the established order that limited women's sexual freedom and pleasure. Such free love movements contributed to the establishment of communal houses, where large groups of travelers, anarchists, and other activists slept in beds together. Free love had roots both in Europe and the United States. Some anarchists, however, struggled with the jealousy that arose from free love. Anarchist feminists were advocates of free love, against marriage, were pro-choice (utilizing a contemporary term) and had a likewise agenda. Anarchist and non-anarchist feminists differed on suffrage, but were nonetheless supportive of one another.
During the second half of the 20th century, anarchism intermingled with the second wave of feminism, radicalizing some currents of the feminist movement (and being influenced as well). By the latest decades of the 20th century, anarchists and feminists were advocating for the rights and autonomy of women, gays, queers and other marginalized groups, with some feminist thinkers suggesting a fusion of the two currents. With the third wave of feminism, sexual identity and compulsory heterosexuality became a subject of study for anarchists, which yielded a post-structuralist critique of sexual normality. However, some anarchists distanced themselves from this line of thinking, suggesting that it leaned towards individualism and was, therefore, dropping the cause of social liberation.
The interest of anarchists in education stretches back to the first emergence of classical anarchism. Anarchists consider 'proper' education, which sets the foundations of the future autonomy of the individual and the society, to be an act of mutual aid. Anarchist writers such as Willian Godwin and Max Stirner attacked both state education and private education as another means by which the ruling class replicate their privileges.
In 1901, Catalan anarchist and free thinker Francisco Ferrer established the Escuela Moderna in Barcelona as an opposition to the established education system, which was dictated largely by the Catholic Church. Ferrer's approach was secular, rejecting both state and church involvement in the educational process, and gave pupils large amounts of autonomy in planning their work and attendance. Ferrer aimed to educate the working class and explicitly sought to foster class consciousness among students. The school closed after constant harassment by the state and Ferrer was later arrested. His ideas, however, formed the inspiration for a series of modern schools around the world. Christian anarchist Leo Tolstoy also established a similar school, with its founding principle, according to Tolstoy, being that "for education to be effective it had to be free". In a similar token, A. S. Neill founding what became Summerhill School in 1921, also declaring being free from coercion.
Anarchist education is based largely on the idea that a child's right to develop freely, without manipulation, ought to be respected, and that rationality will lead children to morally good conclusions. However, there has been little consensus among anarchist figures as to what constitutes manipulation; Ferrer, for example, believed that moral indoctrination was necessary and explicitly taught pupils that equality, liberty, and social justice were not possible under capitalism (along with other critiques of nationalism and government).
Late 20th century and contemporary anarchist writers (such as Colin Ward, Herbert Read and Paul Goodman) intensified and expanded the anarchist critique of state education, largely focusing on the need for a system that focuses on children's creativity rather than on their ability to attain a career or participate in consumer society. Contemporary anarchists, such as Colin Ward, have further argued that state education serves to perpetuate socio-economic inequality.
While few anarchist education institutions have survived to the modern day, major tenets of anarchist schools, such as respect for child autonomy and relying on reasoning rather than indoctrination as a teaching method, have spread among mainstream educational institutions.
Objection to the state and its institutions is a "sine qua non" of anarchism. Anarchists consider the state as a tool of domination and believe it to be illegitimate regardless of its political tendencies. Instead of people being able to control the aspects of their life, major decisions are taken by a small elite. Authority ultimately rests solely on power, regardless of whether that power is open or transparent, as it still has the ability to coerce people. Another anarchist argument against states is that the people constituting a government, even the most altruistic among officials, will unavoidably seek to gain more power, leading to corruption. Anarchists consider the idea that the state is the collective will of the people to be an unachievable fiction, due to the fact that the ruling class is distinct from the rest of society.
The connection between anarchism and art was quite profound during the classical era of anarchism, especially among artistic currents that were developing during that era, such as futurists, surrealists, and others, while in literature anarchism was mostly associated with the New Apocalyptics and the Neo-romanticism movement. In music, anarchism has been associated with music scenes such as Punk. Anarchists such as Leo Tolstoy and Herbert Read argued that the border between the artist and the non-artist, what separates art from a daily act, is a construct produced by the alienation caused by capitalism, and it prevents humans from living a joyful life.
Other anarchists advocated for or used art as a means to achieve anarchist ends. In his book Breaking the Spell: A History of Anarchist Filmmakers, Videotape Guerrillas, and Digital Ninjas Chris Robé claims that "anarchist-inflected practices have increasingly structured movement-based video activism."
Three overlapping properties made art useful to anarchists: It could depict a critique of existing society and hierarchies; it could serve as a prefigurative tool to reflect the anarchist ideal society, and also it could turn into a means of direct action, in protests for example. As it appeals to both emotion and reason, art could appeal to the "whole human" and have a powerful effect.
Philosophy lecturer Andrew G. Fiala has listed five main arguments against anarchism. Firstly, he notes that anarchism is related to violence and destruction, not only in the pragmatic world (i.e. at protests) but in the world of ethics as well. The second argument is that it is impossible for a society to function without a state or something like a state, acting to protect citizens from criminality. Fiala takes "Leviathan" from Thomas Hobbes and the night-watchman state from philosopher Robert Nozick as examples. Thirdly, anarchism is evaluated as unfeasible or utopian since the state can not be defeated practically; this line of arguments most often calls for political action within the system to reform it. The fourth argument is that anarchism is self-contradictory since while it advocates for no-one to "archiei", if accepted by the many, then anarchism will turn into the ruling political theory. In this line of criticism also comes the self contradiction that anarchist calls for collective action while anarchism endorses the autonomy of the individual and hence no collective action can be taken. Lastly, Fiala mentions a critique towards philosophical anarchism, of being ineffective (all talk and thoughts) and in the meantime capitalism and bourgeois class remains strong.
Philosophical anarchism has met the criticism of members of academia, following the release of pro-anarchist books such as A. John Simmons' "Moral Principles and Political Obligations" (1979). Law professor William A. Edmundson authored an essay arguing against three major philosophical anarchist principles, which he finds fallacious; Edmundson claims that while the individual does not owe a normal state a duty of obedience, this does not imply that anarchism is the inevitable conclusion, and the state is still morally legitimate.
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<doc id="25" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25" title="Autism">
Autism
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Parents often notice signs during the first three years of their child's life. These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism experience worsening in their communication and social skills after reaching developmental milestones at a normal pace.
Autism is associated with a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors during pregnancy include certain infections, such as rubella, toxins including valproic acid, alcohol, cocaine, pesticides, lead, and air pollution, fetal growth restriction, and autoimmune diseases. Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example, the vaccine hypothesis, which has been disproven. Autism affects information processing in the brain and how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), combines autism and less severe forms of the condition, including Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) into the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Early behavioral interventions or speech therapy can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills. Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered. Some autistic adults are unable to live independently. An autistic culture has developed, with some individuals seeking a cure and others believing autism should be accepted as a difference to be accommodated instead of cured.
Globally, autism is estimated to affect 24.8 million people . In the 2000s, the number of people affected was estimated at 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide. In the developed countries, about 1.5% of children are diagnosed with ASD , from 0.7% in 2000 in the United States. It occurs four-to-five times more often in males than females. The number of people diagnosed has increased dramatically since the 1960s, which may be partly due to changes in diagnostic practice. The question of whether actual rates have increased is unresolved.
Autism is a highly variable, neurodevelopmental disorder whose symptoms first appears during infancy or childhood, and generally follows a steady course without remission. People with autism may be severely impaired in some respects but average, or even superior, in others. Overt symptoms gradually begin after the age of six months, become established by age two or three years and tend to continue through adulthood, although often in more muted form. It is distinguished by a characteristic triad of symptoms: impairments in social interaction, impairments in communication, and repetitive behavior. Other aspects, such as atypical eating, are also common but are not essential for diagnosis. Individual symptoms of autism occur in the general population and appear not to associate highly, without a sharp line separating pathologically severe from common traits.
Social deficits distinguish autism and the related autism spectrum disorders (ASD; see Classification) from other developmental disorders. People with autism have social impairments and often lack the intuition about others that many people take for granted. Noted autistic Temple Grandin described her inability to understand the social communication of neurotypicals, or people with typical neural development, as leaving her feeling "like an anthropologist on Mars".
Unusual social development becomes apparent early in childhood. Autistic infants show less attention to social stimuli, smile and look at others less often, and respond less to their own name. Autistic toddlers differ more strikingly from social norms; for example, they have less eye contact and turn-taking, and do not have the ability to use simple movements to express themselves, such as pointing at things. Three- to five-year-old children with autism are less likely to exhibit social understanding, approach others spontaneously, imitate and respond to emotions, communicate nonverbally, and take turns with others. However, they do form attachments to their primary caregivers. Most children with autism display moderately less attachment security than neurotypical children, although this difference disappears in children with higher mental development or less pronounced autistic traits. Older children and adults with ASD perform worse on tests of face and emotion recognition although this may be partly due to a lower ability to define a person's own emotions.
Children with high-functioning autism have more intense and frequent loneliness compared to non-autistic peers, despite the common belief that children with autism prefer to be alone. Making and maintaining friendships often proves to be difficult for those with autism. For them, the quality of friendships, not the number of friends, predicts how lonely they feel. Functional friendships, such as those resulting in invitations to parties, may affect the quality of life more deeply.
There are many anecdotal reports, but few systematic studies, of aggression and violence in individuals with ASD. The limited data suggest that, in children with intellectual disability, autism is associated with aggression, destruction of property, and meltdowns.
About a third to a half of individuals with autism do not develop enough natural speech to meet their daily communication needs. Differences in communication may be present from the first year of life, and may include delayed onset of babbling, unusual gestures, diminished responsiveness, and vocal patterns that are not synchronized with the caregiver. In the second and third years, children with autism have less frequent and less diverse babbling, consonants, words, and word combinations; their gestures are less often integrated with words. Children with autism are less likely to make requests or share experiences, and are more likely to simply repeat others' words (echolalia) or reverse pronouns. Joint attention seems to be necessary for functional speech, and deficits in joint attention seem to distinguish infants with ASD. For example, they may look at a pointing hand instead of the pointed-at object, and they consistently fail to point at objects in order to comment on or share an experience. Children with autism may have difficulty with imaginative play and with developing symbols into language.
In a pair of studies, high-functioning children with autism aged 8–15 performed equally well as, and as adults better than, individually matched controls at basic language tasks involving vocabulary and spelling. Both autistic groups performed worse than controls at complex language tasks such as figurative language, comprehension and inference. As people are often sized up initially from their basic language skills, these studies suggest that people speaking to autistic individuals are more likely to overestimate what their audience comprehends.
Autistic individuals can display many forms of repetitive or restricted behavior, which the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) categorizes as follows.
No single repetitive or self-injurious behavior seems to be specific to autism, but autism appears to have an elevated pattern of occurrence and severity of these behaviors.
Autistic individuals may have symptoms that are independent of the diagnosis, but that can affect the individual or the family.
An estimated 0.5% to 10% of individuals with ASD show unusual abilities, ranging from splinter skills such as the memorization of trivia to the extraordinarily rare talents of prodigious autistic savants. Many individuals with ASD show superior skills in perception and attention, relative to the general population. Sensory abnormalities are found in over 90% of those with autism, and are considered core features by some, although there is no good evidence that sensory symptoms differentiate autism from other developmental disorders. Differences are greater for under-responsivity (for example, walking into things) than for over-responsivity (for example, distress from loud noises) or for sensation seeking (for example, rhythmic movements). An estimated 60–80% of autistic people have motor signs that include poor muscle tone, poor motor planning, and toe walking; deficits in motor coordination are pervasive across ASD and are greater in autism proper. Unusual eating behavior occurs in about three-quarters of children with ASD, to the extent that it was formerly a diagnostic indicator. Selectivity is the most common problem, although eating rituals and food refusal also occur.
There is tentative evidence that autism occurs more frequently in people with gender dysphoria.
Gastrointestinal problems are one of the most commonly associated medical disorders in people with autism. These are linked to greater social impairment, irritability, behavior and sleep problems, language impairments and mood changes.
Parents of children with ASD have higher levels of stress. Siblings of children with ASD report greater admiration of and less conflict with the affected sibling than siblings of unaffected children and were similar to siblings of children with Down syndrome in these aspects of the sibling relationship. However, they reported lower levels of closeness and intimacy than siblings of children with Down syndrome; siblings of individuals with ASD have greater risk of negative well-being and poorer sibling relationships as adults.
It has long been presumed that there is a common cause at the genetic, cognitive, and neural levels for autism's characteristic triad of symptoms. However, there is increasing suspicion that autism is instead a complex disorder whose core aspects have distinct causes that often co-occur.
Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations with major effects, or by rare multigene interactions of common genetic variants. Complexity arises due to interactions among multiple genes, the environment, and epigenetic factors which do not change DNA sequencing but are heritable and influence gene expression. Many genes have been associated with autism through sequencing the genomes of affected individuals and their parents. Studies of twins suggest that heritability is 0.7 for autism and as high as 0.9 for ASD, and siblings of those with autism are about 25 times more likely to be autistic than the general population. However, most of the mutations that increase autism risk have not been identified. Typically, autism cannot be traced to a Mendelian (single-gene) mutation or to a single chromosome abnormality, and none of the genetic syndromes associated with ASDs have been shown to selectively cause ASD. Numerous candidate genes have been located, with only small effects attributable to any particular gene. Most loci individually explain less than 1% of cases of autism. The large number of autistic individuals with unaffected family members may result from spontaneous structural variation—such as deletions, duplications or inversions in genetic material during meiosis. Hence, a substantial fraction of autism cases may be traceable to genetic causes that are highly heritable but not inherited: that is, the mutation that causes the autism is not present in the parental genome. Autism may be underdiagnosed in women and girls due to an assumption that it is primarily a male condition, but genetic phenomena such as imprinting and X linkage have the ability to raise the frequency and severity of conditions in males, and theories have been put forward for a genetic reason why males are diagnosed more often, such as the imprinted brain theory and the extreme male brain theory.
Maternal nutrition and inflammation during preconception and pregnancy influences fetal neurodevelopment. Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with ASD, in both term and preterm infants. Maternal inflammatory and autoimmune diseases may damage fetal tissues, aggravating a genetic problem or damaging the nervous system.
Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy, especially heavy metals and particulates, may increase the risk of autism. Environmental factors that have been claimed without evidence to contribute to or exacerbate autism include certain foods, infectious diseases, solvents, PCBs, phthalates and phenols used in plastic products, pesticides, brominated flame retardants, alcohol, smoking, illicit drugs, vaccines, and prenatal stress. Some, such as the MMR vaccine, have been completely disproven.
Parents may first become aware of autistic symptoms in their child around the time of a routine vaccination. This has led to unsupported theories blaming vaccine "overload", a vaccine preservative, or the MMR vaccine for causing autism. The latter theory was supported by a litigation-funded study that has since been shown to have been "an elaborate fraud". Although these theories lack convincing scientific evidence and are biologically implausible, parental concern about a potential vaccine link with autism has led to lower rates of childhood immunizations, outbreaks of previously controlled childhood diseases in some countries, and the preventable deaths of several children.
Autism's symptoms result from maturation-related changes in various systems of the brain. How autism occurs is not well understood. Its mechanism can be divided into two areas: the pathophysiology of brain structures and processes associated with autism, and the neuropsychological linkages between brain structures and behaviors. The behaviors appear to have multiple pathophysiologies.
There is evidence that gut–brain axis abnormalities may be involved. A 2015 review proposed that immune dysregulation, gastrointestinal inflammation, malfunction of the autonomic nervous system, gut flora alterations, and food metabolites may cause brain neuroinflammation and dysfunction. A 2016 review concludes that enteric nervous system abnormalities might play a role in neurological disorders such as autism. Neural connections and the immune system are a pathway that may allow diseases originated in the intestine to spread to the brain.
Several lines of evidence point to synaptic dysfunction as a cause of autism. Some rare mutations may lead to autism by disrupting some synaptic pathways, such as those involved with cell adhesion. Gene replacement studies in mice suggest that autistic symptoms are closely related to later developmental steps that depend on activity in synapses and on activity-dependent changes. All known teratogens (agents that cause birth defects) related to the risk of autism appear to act during the first eight weeks from conception, and though this does not exclude the possibility that autism can be initiated or affected later, there is strong evidence that autism arises very early in development.
Diagnosis is based on behavior, not cause or mechanism. Under the DSM-5, autism is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. These deficits are present in early childhood, typically before age three, and lead to clinically significant functional impairment. Sample symptoms include lack of social or emotional reciprocity, stereotyped and repetitive use of language or idiosyncratic language, and persistent preoccupation with unusual objects. The disturbance must not be better accounted for by Rett syndrome, intellectual disability or global developmental delay. ICD-10 uses essentially the same definition.
Several diagnostic instruments are available. Two are commonly used in autism research: the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is a semistructured parent interview, and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) uses observation and interaction with the child. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is used widely in clinical environments to assess severity of autism based on observation of children. The Diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders (DISCO) may also be used.
A pediatrician commonly performs a preliminary investigation by taking developmental history and physically examining the child. If warranted, diagnosis and evaluations are conducted with help from ASD specialists, observing and assessing cognitive, communication, family, and other factors using standardized tools, and taking into account any associated medical conditions. A pediatric neuropsychologist is often asked to assess behavior and cognitive skills, both to aid diagnosis and to help recommend educational interventions. A differential diagnosis for ASD at this stage might also consider intellectual disability, hearing impairment, and a specific language impairment such as Landau–Kleffner syndrome. The presence of autism can make it harder to diagnose coexisting psychiatric disorders such as depression.
Clinical genetics evaluations are often done once ASD is diagnosed, particularly when other symptoms already suggest a genetic cause. Although genetic technology allows clinical geneticists to link an estimated 40% of cases to genetic causes, consensus guidelines in the US and UK are limited to high-resolution chromosome and fragile X testing. A genotype-first model of diagnosis has been proposed, which would routinely assess the genome's copy number variations. As new genetic tests are developed several ethical, legal, and social issues will emerge. Commercial availability of tests may precede adequate understanding of how to use test results, given the complexity of autism's genetics. Metabolic and neuroimaging tests are sometimes helpful, but are not routine.
ASD can sometimes be diagnosed by age 14 months, although diagnosis becomes increasingly stable over the first three years of life: for example, a one-year-old who meets diagnostic criteria for ASD is less likely than a three-year-old to continue to do so a few years later. In the UK the National Autism Plan for Children recommends at most 30 weeks from first concern to completed diagnosis and assessment, though few cases are handled that quickly in practice. Although the symptoms of autism and ASD begin early in childhood, they are sometimes missed; years later, adults may seek diagnoses to help them or their friends and family understand themselves, to help their employers make adjustments, or in some locations to claim disability living allowances or other benefits. Girls are often diagnosed later than boys.
Underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis are problems in marginal cases, and much of the recent increase in the number of reported ASD cases is likely due to changes in diagnostic practices. The increasing popularity of drug treatment options and the expansion of benefits has given providers incentives to diagnose ASD, resulting in some overdiagnosis of children with uncertain symptoms. Conversely, the cost of screening and diagnosis and the challenge of obtaining payment can inhibit or delay diagnosis. It is particularly hard to diagnose autism among the visually impaired, partly because some of its diagnostic criteria depend on vision, and partly because autistic symptoms overlap with those of common blindness syndromes or blindisms.
Autism is one of the five pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), which are characterized by widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, and severely restricted interests and highly repetitive behavior. These symptoms do not imply sickness, fragility, or emotional disturbance.
Of the five PDD forms, Asperger syndrome is closest to autism in signs and likely causes; Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder share several signs with autism, but may have unrelated causes; PDD not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS; also called "atypical autism") is diagnosed when the criteria are not met for a more specific disorder. Unlike with autism, people with Asperger syndrome have no substantial delay in language development. The terminology of autism can be bewildering, with autism, Asperger syndrome and PDD-NOS often called the "autism spectrum disorders" (ASD) or sometimes the "autistic disorders", whereas autism itself is often called "autistic disorder", "childhood autism", or "infantile autism". In this article, "autism" refers to the classic autistic disorder; in clinical practice, though, "autism", "ASD", and "PDD" are often used interchangeably. ASD, in turn, is a subset of the broader autism phenotype, which describes individuals who may not have ASD but do have autistic-like traits, such as avoiding eye contact.
Autism can also be divided into syndromal and non-syndromal autism; the syndromal autism is associated with severe or profound intellectual disability or a congenital syndrome with physical symptoms, such as tuberous sclerosis. Although individuals with Asperger syndrome tend to perform better cognitively than those with autism, the extent of the overlap between Asperger syndrome, HFA, and non-syndromal autism is unclear.
Some studies have reported diagnoses of autism in children due to a loss of language or social skills, as opposed to a failure to make progress, typically from 15 to 30 months of age. The validity of this distinction remains controversial; it is possible that regressive autism is a specific subtype, or that there is a continuum of behaviors between autism with and without regression.
Research into causes has been hampered by the inability to identify biologically meaningful subgroups within the autistic population and by the traditional boundaries between the disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, neurology and pediatrics. Newer technologies such as fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging can help identify biologically relevant phenotypes (observable traits) that can be viewed on brain scans, to help further neurogenetic studies of autism; one example is lowered activity in the fusiform face area of the brain, which is associated with impaired perception of people versus objects. It has been proposed to classify autism using genetics as well as behavior.
Autism has long been thought to cover a wide spectrum, ranging from individuals with severe impairments—who may be silent, developmentally disabled, and prone to frequent repetitive behavior such as hand flapping and rocking—to high functioning individuals who may have active but distinctly odd social approaches, narrowly focused interests, and verbose, pedantic communication. Because the behavior spectrum is continuous, boundaries between diagnostic categories are necessarily somewhat arbitrary. Sometimes the syndrome is divided into low-, medium- or high-functioning autism (LFA, MFA, and HFA), based on IQ thresholds. Some people have called for an end to the terms "high-functioning" and "low-functioning" due to lack of nuance and the potential for a person's needs or abilities to be overlooked.
About half of parents of children with ASD notice their child's unusual behaviors by age 18 months, and about four-fifths notice by age 24 months. According to an article, failure to meet any of the following milestones "is an absolute indication to proceed with further evaluations. Delay in referral for such testing may delay early diagnosis and treatment and affect the long-term outcome".
The United States Preventive Services Task Force in 2016 found it was unclear if screening was beneficial or harmful among children in whom there is no concerns. The Japanese practice is to screen all children for ASD at 18 and 24 months, using autism-specific formal screening tests. In contrast, in the UK, children whose families or doctors recognize possible signs of autism are screened. It is not known which approach is more effective. Screening tools include the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), the Early Screening of Autistic Traits Questionnaire, and the First Year Inventory; initial data on M-CHAT and its predecessor, the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT), on children aged 18–30 months suggests that it is best used in a clinical setting and that it has low sensitivity (many false-negatives) but good specificity (few false-positives). It may be more accurate to precede these tests with a broadband screener that does not distinguish ASD from other developmental disorders. Screening tools designed for one culture's norms for behaviors like eye contact may be inappropriate for a different culture. Although genetic screening for autism is generally still impractical, it can be considered in some cases, such as children with neurological symptoms and dysmorphic features.
While infection with rubella during pregnancy causes fewer than 1% of cases of autism, vaccination against rubella can prevent many of those cases.
The main goals when treating children with autism are to lessen associated deficits and family distress, and to increase quality of life and functional independence. In general, higher IQs are correlated with greater responsiveness to treatment and improved treatment outcomes. No single treatment is best and treatment is typically tailored to the child's needs. Families and the educational system are the main resources for treatment. Services should be carried out by behavior analysts, special education teachers, speech pathologists, and licensed psychologists. Studies of interventions have methodological problems that prevent definitive conclusions about efficacy. However, the development of evidence-based interventions has advanced in recent years. Although many psychosocial interventions have some positive evidence, suggesting that some form of treatment is preferable to no treatment, the methodological quality of systematic reviews of these studies has generally been poor, their clinical results are mostly tentative, and there is little evidence for the relative effectiveness of treatment options. Intensive, sustained special education programs and behavior therapy early in life can help children acquire self-care, communication, and job skills, and often improve functioning and decrease symptom severity and maladaptive behaviors; claims that intervention by around age three years is crucial are not substantiated. While medications have not been found to help with core symptoms, they may be used for associated symptoms, such as irritability, inattention, or repetitive behavior patterns.
Educational interventions often used include applied behavior analysis (ABA), developmental models, structured teaching, speech and language therapy, social skills therapy, and occupational therapy. Among these approaches, interventions either treat autistic features comprehensively, or focalize treatment on a specific area of deficit. The quality of research for early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI)—a treatment procedure incorporating over thirty hours per week of the structured type of ABA that is carried out with very young children—is currently low, and more vigorous research designs with larger sample sizes are needed. Two theoretical frameworks outlined for early childhood intervention include structured and naturalistic ABA interventions, and developmental social pragmatic models (DSP). One interventional strategy utilizes a parent training model, which teaches parents how to implement various ABA and DSP techniques, allowing for parents to disseminate interventions themselves. Various DSP programs have been developed to explicitly deliver intervention systems through at-home parent implementation. Despite the recent development of parent training models, these interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in numerous studies, being evaluated as a probable efficacious mode of treatment.
Early, intensive ABA therapy has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing communication and adaptive functioning in preschool children; it is also well-established for improving the intellectual performance of that age group. Similarly, a teacher-implemented intervention that utilizes a more naturalistic form of ABA combined with a developmental social pragmatic approach has been found to be beneficial in improving social-communication skills in young children, although there is less evidence in its treatment of global symptoms. Neuropsychological reports are often poorly communicated to educators, resulting in a gap between what a report recommends and what education is provided. It is not known whether treatment programs for children lead to significant improvements after the children grow up, and the limited research on the effectiveness of adult residential programs shows mixed results. The appropriateness of including children with varying severity of autism spectrum disorders in the general education population is a subject of current debate among educators and researchers.
Medications may be used to treat ASD symptoms that interfere with integrating a child into home or school when behavioral treatment fails. They may also be used for associated health problems, such as ADHD or anxiety. More than half of US children diagnosed with ASD are prescribed psychoactive drugs or anticonvulsants, with the most common drug classes being antidepressants, stimulants, and antipsychotics. The atypical antipsychotic drugs risperidone and aripiprazole are FDA-approved for treating associated aggressive and self-injurious behaviors. However, their side effects must be weighed against their potential benefits, and people with autism may respond atypically. Side effects, for example, may include weight gain, tiredness, drooling, and aggression. SSRI antidepressants, such as fluoxetine and fluvoxamine, have been shown to be effective in reducing repetitive and ritualistic behaviors, while the stimulant medication methylphenidate is beneficial for some children with co-morbid inattentiveness or hyperactivity. There is scant reliable research about the effectiveness or safety of drug treatments for adolescents and adults with ASD. No known medication relieves autism's core symptoms of social and communication impairments. Experiments in mice have reversed or reduced some symptoms related to autism by replacing or modulating gene function, suggesting the possibility of targeting therapies to specific rare mutations known to cause autism.
Although many alternative therapies and interventions are available, few are supported by scientific studies. Treatment approaches have little empirical support in quality-of-life contexts, and many programs focus on success measures that lack predictive validity and real-world relevance. Some alternative treatments may place the child at risk. The preference that children with autism have for unconventional foods can lead to reduction in bone cortical thickness with this being greater in those on casein-free diets, as a consequence of the low intake of calcium and vitamin D; however, suboptimal bone development in ASD has also been associated with lack of exercise and gastrointestinal disorders. In 2005, botched chelation therapy killed a five-year-old child with autism. Chelation is not recommended for people with ASD since the associated risks outweigh any potential benefits. Another alternative medicine practice with no evidence is CEASE therapy, a mixture of homeopathy, supplements, and 'vaccine detoxing'.
Although popularly used as an alternative treatment for people with autism, as of 2018 there is no good evidence to recommend a gluten- and casein-free diet as a standard treatment. A 2018 review concluded that it may be a therapeutic option for specific groups of children with autism, such as those with known food intolerances or allergies, or with food intolerance markers. The authors analyzed the prospective trials conducted to date that studied the efficacy of the gluten- and casein-free diet in children with ASD (4 in total). All of them compared gluten- and casein-free diet versus normal diet with a control group (2 double-blind randomized controlled trials, 1 double-blind crossover trial, 1 single-blind trial). In two of the studies, whose duration was 12 and 24 months, a significant improvement in ASD symptoms (efficacy rate 50%) was identified. In the other two studies, whose duration was 3 months, no significant effect was observed. The authors concluded that a longer duration of the diet may be necessary to achieve the improvement of the ASD symptoms. Other problems documented in the trials carried out include transgressions of the diet, small sample size, the heterogeneity of the participants and the possibility of a placebo effect.
In the subset of people who have gluten sensitivity there is limited evidence that suggests that a gluten-free diet may improve some autistic behaviors.
There is tentative evidence that music therapy may improve social interactions, verbal communication, and non-verbal communication skills. There has been early research looking at hyperbaric treatments in children with autism. Studies on pet therapy have shown positive effects.
There is no known cure. The degree of symptoms can decrease, occasionally to the extent that people lose their diagnosis of ASD; this occurs sometimes after intensive treatment and sometimes not. It is not known how often recovery happens; reported rates in unselected samples have ranged from 3% to 25%. Most children with autism acquire language by age five or younger, though a few have developed communication skills in later years. Many children with autism lack social support, future employment opportunities or self-determination. Although core difficulties tend to persist, symptoms often become less severe with age.
Few high-quality studies address long-term prognosis. Some adults show modest improvement in communication skills, but a few decline; no study has focused on autism after midlife. Acquiring language before age six, having an IQ above 50, and having a marketable skill all predict better outcomes; independent living is unlikely with severe autism.
Many individuals with autism face significant obstacles in transitioning to adulthood. Compared to the general population individuals with autism are more likely to be unemployed and to have never had a job. About half of people in their 20s with autism are not employed.
Most recent reviews tend to estimate a prevalence of 1–2 per 1,000 for autism and close to 6 per 1,000 for ASD as of 2007. A 2016 survey in the United States reported a rate of 25 per 1,000 children for ASD. Globally, autism affects an estimated 24.8 million people , while Asperger syndrome affects a further 37.2 million. In 2012, the NHS estimated that the overall prevalence of autism among adults aged 18 years and over in the UK was 1.1%. Rates of PDD-NOS's has been estimated at 3.7 per 1,000, Asperger syndrome at roughly 0.6 per 1,000, and childhood disintegrative disorder at 0.02 per 1,000. CDC estimates about 1 out of 59 (1.7%) for 2014, an increase from 1 out of every 68 children (1.5%) for 2010.
The number of reported cases of autism increased dramatically in the 1990s and early 2000s. This increase is largely attributable to changes in diagnostic practices, referral patterns, availability of services, age at diagnosis, and public awareness, though unidentified environmental risk factors cannot be ruled out. The available evidence does not rule out the possibility that autism's true prevalence has increased; a real increase would suggest directing more attention and funding toward changing environmental factors instead of continuing to focus on genetics.
Boys are at higher risk for ASD than girls. The sex ratio averages 4.3:1 and is greatly modified by cognitive impairment: it may be close to 2:1 with intellectual disability and more than 5.5:1 without. Several theories about the higher prevalence in males have been investigated, but the cause of the difference is unconfirmed; one theory is that females are underdiagnosed.
Although the evidence does not implicate any single pregnancy-related risk factor as a cause of autism, the risk of autism is associated with advanced age in either parent, and with diabetes, bleeding, and use of psychiatric drugs in the mother during pregnancy. The risk is greater with older fathers than with older mothers; two potential explanations are the known increase in mutation burden in older sperm, and the hypothesis that men marry later if they carry genetic liability and show some signs of autism. Most professionals believe that race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic background do not affect the occurrence of autism.
Several other conditions are common in children with autism. They include:
A few examples of autistic symptoms and treatments were described long before autism was named. The "Table Talk" of Martin Luther, compiled by his notetaker, Mathesius, contains the story of a 12-year-old boy who may have been severely autistic. Luther reportedly thought the boy was a soulless mass of flesh possessed by the devil, and suggested that he be suffocated, although a later critic has cast doubt on the veracity of this report. The earliest well-documented case of autism is that of Hugh Blair of Borgue, as detailed in a 1747 court case in which his brother successfully petitioned to annul Blair's marriage to gain Blair's inheritance. The Wild Boy of Aveyron, a feral child caught in 1798, showed several signs of autism; the medical student Jean Itard treated him with a behavioral program designed to help him form social attachments and to induce speech via imitation.
The New Latin word "autismus" (English translation "autism") was coined by the Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1910 as he was defining symptoms of schizophrenia. He derived it from the Greek word "autós" (αὐτός, meaning "self"), and used it to mean morbid self-admiration, referring to "autistic withdrawal of the patient to his fantasies, against which any influence from outside becomes an intolerable disturbance". A Soviet child psychiatrist, Grunya Sukhareva, described a similar syndrome that was published in Russian in 1925, and in German in 1926.
The word "autism" first took its modern sense in 1938 when Hans Asperger of the Vienna University Hospital adopted Bleuler's terminology "autistic psychopaths" in a lecture in German about child psychology. Asperger was investigating an ASD now known as Asperger syndrome, though for various reasons it was not widely recognized as a separate diagnosis until 1981. Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital first used "autism" in its modern sense in English when he introduced the label "early infantile autism" in a 1943 report of 11 children with striking behavioral similarities. Almost all the characteristics described in Kanner's first paper on the subject, notably "autistic aloneness" and "insistence on sameness", are still regarded as typical of the autistic spectrum of disorders. It is not known whether Kanner derived the term independently of Asperger.
Donald Triplett was the first person diagnosed with autism. He was diagnosed by Kanner after being first examined in 1938, and was labeled as "case 1". Triplett was noted for his savant abilities, particularly being able to name musical notes played on a piano and to mentally multiply numbers. His father, Oliver, described him as socially withdrawn but interested in number patterns, music notes, letters of the alphabet, and U.S. president pictures. By the age of 2, he had the ability to recite the 23rd Psalm and memorized 25 questions and answers from the Presbyterian catechism. He was also interested in creating musical chords.
Kanner's reuse of "autism" led to decades of confused terminology like "infantile schizophrenia", and child psychiatry's focus on maternal deprivation led to misconceptions of autism as an infant's response to "refrigerator mothers". Starting in the late 1960s autism was established as a separate syndrome.
As late as the mid-1970s there was little evidence of a genetic role in autism; while in 2007 it was believed to be one of the most heritable psychiatric conditions. Although the rise of parent organizations and the destigmatization of childhood ASD have affected how ASD is viewed, parents continue to feel social stigma in situations where their child's autistic behavior is perceived negatively, and many primary care physicians and medical specialists express some beliefs consistent with outdated autism research.
It took until 1980 for the DSM-III to differentiate autism from childhood schizophrenia. In 1987, the DSM-III-R provided a checklist for diagnosing autism. In May 2013, the DSM-5 was released, updating the classification for pervasive developmental disorders. The grouping of disorders, including PDD-NOS, autism, Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, and CDD, has been removed and replaced with the general term of Autism Spectrum Disorders. The two categories that exist are impaired social communication and/or interaction, and restricted and/or repetitive behaviors.
The Internet has helped autistic individuals bypass nonverbal cues and emotional sharing that they find difficult to deal with, and has given them a way to form online communities and work remotely. Societal and cultural aspects of autism have developed: some in the community seek a cure, while others believe that autism is simply another way of being.
An autistic culture has emerged, accompanied by the autistic rights and neurodiversity movements. Events include World Autism Awareness Day, Autism Sunday, Autistic Pride Day, Autreat, and others. Organizations dedicated to promoting awareness of autism include Autistic Self Advocacy Network, Aspies For Freedom, Autism National Committee, and Autism Society of America. At the same time, some organizations, including Autism Speaks, have been condemned by disability rights organizations for failing to support autistic people. Social-science scholars study those with autism in hopes to learn more about "autism as a culture, transcultural comparisons... and research on social movements." While most autistic individuals do not have savant skills, many have been successful in their fields.
The autism rights movement is a social movement within the context of disability rights that emphasizes the concept of neurodiversity, viewing the autism spectrum as a result of natural variations in the human brain rather than a disorder to be cured. The autism rights movement advocates for including greater acceptance of autistic behaviors; therapies that focus on coping skills rather than on imitating the behaviors of those without autism, and the recognition of the autistic community as a minority group. Autism rights or neurodiversity advocates believe that the autism spectrum is genetic and should be accepted as a natural expression of the human genome. This perspective is distinct from two other likewise distinct views: the medical perspective, that autism is caused by a genetic defect and should be addressed by targeting the autism gene(s), and fringe theories that autism is caused by environmental factors such as vaccines. A common criticism against autistic activists is that the majority of them are "high-functioning" or have Asperger syndrome and do not represent the views of "low-functioning" autistic people.
About half of autistics are unemployed, and one third of those with graduate degrees may be unemployed. Among autistics who find work, most are employed in sheltered settings working for wages below the national minimum. While employers state hiring concerns about productivity and supervision, experienced employers of autistics give positive reports of above average memory and detail orientation as well as a high regard for rules and procedure in autistic employees. A majority of the economic burden of autism is caused by decreased earnings in the job market. Some studies also find decreased earning among parents who care for autistic children.
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hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/xsum/sample.json | {"document": "The warning begins at 22:00 GMT on Saturday and ends at 10:00 on Sunday.\nThe ice could lead to difficult driving conditions on untreated roads and slippery conditions on pavements, the weather service warned.\nOnly the southernmost counties and parts of the most westerly counties are expected to escape.\nCounties expected to be affected are Carmarthenshire, Powys, Ceredigion, Pembrokeshire, Denbighshire, Gwynedd, Wrexham, Conwy, Flintshire, Anglesey, Monmouthshire, Blaenau Gwent, Caerphilly, Merthyr Tydfil, Neath Port Talbot, Rhondda Cynon Taff and Torfaen.", "summary": "The Met Office has issued a yellow weather warning for ice across most of Wales."}
{"document": "You can see highlights of Sunderland v Arsenal on Match of the Day at 22:20 BST on Saturday on BBC One and the BBC Sport website.\nStoke and West Ham, for example, have started to climb away from the relegation zone but the biggest worry for Sunderland fans is that their side do not look remotely capable of doing the same.\nI know the Black Cats have got out of trouble before having found themselves in a similar situation but this time, after picking up only two points from their first nine games, things look really desperate for the only top-flight team without a win.\nAt least one element of their struggles seems to be self-inflicted, with everyone at the club feeling sorry for themselves - and not just because they have lost some players to injury and conceded some costly late goals.\nThere is a negative feeling about the place with the manager David Moyes and his players talking about how they have gone backwards since last season, when they should be searching for any kind of spark that could change things around.\nFrom the outside, looking at the way they play and their lack of creativity, it is hard to see what that spark might be or what could fundamentally change under Moyes until the January transfer window opens.\nIf they can get one win under their belt then they will get a bit of belief back but, the longer this winless run goes on, the more negativity there will be.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\nSunderland finished last season on a high under Sam Allardyce, with a run of just one defeat in their last 11 games securing their safety.\nIn the space of five months, all of that confidence and momentum seems to have been sucked out of the club, despite them effectively having the same group of players who, not so long ago, looked inspired.\nThat is not all down to Moyes, but he has to take some responsibility for it.\nI am yet to see a defined style of play from Sunderland since he took charge at the end of July.\nThat is in contrast to Allardyce's time as manager, when they were resolute and difficult to beat and, at the end of his stint at the Stadium of Light, also played with a purpose when they went forward.\nOff the pitch, Moyes has not helped himself much either.\nThere was no need for him to be so pessimistic when he came out after the second game of the season and announced they would be in a relegation fight, which did not send out the right message to his players or the fans.\nWhen he took charge, he had actually started out by being unrealistically positive - talking about Sunderland becoming a club that regularly finished in the top half of the Premier League - but his expectations went downhill very quickly.\nI know you can argue that he has been proved right, because Sunderland are now battling the drop, but it meant there was a cloud over from them almost as soon as the season had started.\nIt seems to be a case that if you stop Jermain Defoe, you stop Sunderland. His statistics stand up well in comparison to last season, but the rest of their team are not doing enough in attack.\nThey were reliant on Defoe last season too, but others did chip in - in their first nine league games of 2015-16, five players found the net. This time around, only Defoe and Patrick van Aanholt have scored in the same period.\nIt is going to be a massive struggle for them to stay up from the position they are now in anyway, but they badly need a win and quickly. I don't see it coming at home to Arsenal on Saturday, though.\nDo they even look capable of holding out for a draw against the Gunners, the way another struggling team Middlesbrough did at Emirates Stadium last weekend? No.\nIf you struggle to make chances and score goals, as Sunderland do, that puts more pressure on your defence because you know if you concede then you are in big trouble.\nAnd the Black Cats have problems at the back as well - their only clean sheet in 12 matches under Moyes was against League One side Shrewsbury Town in the EFL Cup.\nIt does not bode well against an Arsenal side that are averaging more than two goals a game this season.\nIt is hard to find any positives from Sunderland's situation but at least they have not been cut adrift at the bottom - yet.\nUnless they win soon, that could happen. I think Hull are also in for a very tough season but when I look at the other two teams immediately above them, Boro and Swansea, they definitely have more about them than the Black Cats do.\nMedia playback is not supported on this device\nChanging manager has clearly not helped Sunderland and comparisons with his predecessor do not help Moyes much either.\nYou cannot tell me that, if Allardyce was still in charge, Sunderland would have only picked up two points so far. It just would not have happened.\nMoyes replaced him relatively late in the summer, which is difficult in itself, but he can only complain about the things that have gone against him up to a point. He should be doing much better than he is.\nHe is still the manager and he is capable of turning things around, so it is right there is no suggestion of him getting the sack.\nBut that will not last forever. This industry is results-driven and Moyes' results are not good enough.\nThat clearly has to change soon and, looking at Sunderland's next few fixtures, the one that stands out as a must-win is their home game against Hull on 19 November.\nIf they fail to beat Arsenal and Bournemouth, then the visit of the Tigers will be the game to define Moyes' tenure. If Sunderland are still without a win after that, things will become extremely difficult for him.\nChris Sutton was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.", "summary": "We are exactly a quarter of the way through the Premier League season and some teams at the bottom of the table seem to be turning things around after making a bad start."}
{"document": "The win keeps the Candystripes two points behind leaders Dundalk who won 2-0 away to Shamrock Rovers.\nFormer Plymouth striker Patterson scored his sixth goal of the season in the 14th minute at the Brandywell.\nHe shot into an empty net after the ball broke to him when keeper Dean Delany thwarted Barry McNamee.\nKurtis Byrne should have netted a speedy equaliser but the son of former Celtic player Paul Byrne completely missed his kick in front of goal.\nThat was the one big scare for Kenny Shiels' men on a night when both keepers had a quiet night.\nDerry City have won six and drawn two in the eight games they have played since losing to Finn Harps on the first day of the season.", "summary": "Rory Patterson's early goal proved enough to give second-placed Derry City a home victory over Bohemians in Friday night's Premier Division clash."}
{"document": "The centre-right coalition led by Mr Passos Coelho won the most seats in the election on 4 October.\nBut Socialist leader Antonio Costa has been working to build a coalition with far-left parties.\nMany believe that Mr Passos Coelho will fail to pass the test of a vote of no confidence in Portugal's parliament.\nPresident Anibal Cavaco Silva would then be expected to ask the left to form a government.\nThere are fears that weeks of uncertainty could harm Portugal's economic recovery, more than a year after it exited the strict terms of its €78bn (£57bn) international bailout.\nEU officials have threatened to take action against Portugal for missing a 15 October deadline to present its draft 2016 budget.\nPortugal is still running one of the highest budget deficits in the eurozone.\n12%\nof the workforce is unemployed\n20%\nof people live below the poverty line\n485,000 emigrated from Portugal between 2011 and 2014\n125% debt to GDP - the second highest rate in the European Union\nMr Passos Coelho's Social Democrats have promised to present a budget, but the two left-wing parties campaigned strongly against his outgoing government's record of harsh austerity.\nThe Left Bloc is seen as allied to the anti-austerity Syriza party in Greece, which for months tried to renegotiate the terms of Greece's eurozone bailout.\nPortugal's Communist Party is regarded as anti-euro and anti-Nato, although it is thought to have moderated its eurozone policies in recent weeks.\nIf Mr Costa's Socialists are eventually chosen to lead a left-wing coalition, it would be the first time since the fall of Portugal's dictatorship in 1974 that a right-wing president appointed a government backed by communists.\nAfter his re-appointment as prime minister leading a right-of-centre coalition, Pedro Passos Coelho has 10 days to appoint ministers and secure parliamentary approval.\nThat may prove impossible, since his coalition lost its majority in the 4 October election and the Socialists have pledged to reject his programme if their talks with other parties succeed.\nTogether, the Socialists, Left Bloc and Communist Party have a majority. All wanted the president to appoint Mr Costa - arguing that anything else was a waste of time.\nIf Mr Passos Coelho does fail, the president could then appoint Mr Costa or keep the incumbent on as caretaker.\nFresh legislative elections may only take place from June, after voters have elected a new president early next year.", "summary": "The Portuguese president has invited incumbent Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho to form the next government, despite him having lost his majority."}
{"document": "Nev Edwards scored an early try for Sale, before Castres' Florian Vialelle went over, but Julien Dumora's penalty put the hosts 10-7 ahead at the break.\nJoe Ford sent over a penalty before Castres' Marc-Antoine Rallier and Sales' Will Addison were sin-binned.\nJulien Caminati's late attempt to stop Charlie Ingall saw Sale awarded the decisive penalty try.\nThe win moves the English Premiership side to within one point of Pool Two leaders Newport Gwent Dragons after three games.\nSale got off to the ideal start, Edwards sprinting away for the game's opening points from an Andrei Ostrikov kick, but Castres heaped the pressure on in search of a reply, which came through Vialelle on eight minutes.\nSharks flanker Magnus Lund was forced off with a head injury before the television match official denied Castres a second try, with replays showing that the Sharks defence did enough to force full-back Caminati into touch.\nFord had a chance to put Sale ahead again, but his penalty on 27 minutes drifted wide. Dumora, however, made no mistake soon after, slotting over to give the French side the lead on 33 minutes.\nA combination of probing grubber kicks and scrappy play eventually led to Ford teeing up his second penalty attempt, with the fly-half this time booting the three points to make it 10-10.\nRallier's yellow card following a scuffle saw Ford opt for the posts soon after, but he was off target again before Sales' one-man advantage was lost as Addison was sin-binned.\nSharks pushed for the breakthrough as Ingall went close to touching down, and the video referee eventually gave the penalty try after deciding that Caminati's attempt to stop the winger was illegal.\nCastres: Caminati; Martial, Vialelle, Combezou, Decrop; Dumora, Dupont; Taumoepeau, Rallier, Montes; Samson, Moreaux, Caballero, Diarra, Beattie.\nReplacements: Beziat, Tichit, Martinez, Desroche, Babillot, Fontaine, Lamerat, Seron.\nSale: Arscott; Edwards, Addison, Jennings, Ingall; Ford, Mitchell, Lewis-Roberts, Briggs, Mujati, Mills, Ostrikov, Lund, Seymour (capt), Easter.\nReplacements: Taylor, Flynn, Parker, Beaumont, Neild, Jeffers, James, Haley.\nReferee: David Wilkinson (Ireland)", "summary": "A late penalty try gave Sale victory over Castres at Stade Pierre-Antoine in their European Challenge Cup clash."}
{"document": "The 33-year-old was released by Norwich this summer after five years at the club, during which time he made 75 Canaries first-team appearances.\nTurner also had spells on loan at Fulham and Sheffield Wednesday during his time at Carrow Road.\nIn total, the centre-back has made 436 senior career appearances for eight different clubs.\nFind all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.", "summary": "League One side Southend United have signed former Hull and Norwich defender Michael Turner on a one-year deal."}
{"document": "United contacted St Johnstone this week with a view to speaking to 52-year-old Wright about the job but this approach was rejected by the Saints board.\nThe Tannadice club - bottom of the Premiership - are seeking to replace Jackie McNamara, who left last month.\nDave Bowman took the first team for Saturday's loss to Partick Thistle.\nThe Tangerines have won only once this season and prop up the table with five points from 10 games.\nFormer Northern Ireland goalkeeper Wright, who replaced Steve Lomas at McDiarmid Park in 2013, led St Johnstone to Scottish Cup success in his first season in charge.\nHe has also secured two successive top-six finishes for the Perth side and previously managed in his homeland.", "summary": "St Johnstone boss Tommy Wright is no longer under consideration for the Dundee United manager's job, BBC Scotland has learned."}
{"document": "Media playback is unsupported on your device\n2 November 2014 Last updated at 17:20 GMT\nHomes and businesses were damaged in the storm, but weather experts were not able to confirm it was a tornado.\nNavtej Johal reports.", "summary": "Residents in Coalville in Leicestershire are cleaning up after high winds hit the town."}
{"document": "5 August 2015 Last updated at 06:36 BST\nShe's now 84 and has been telling Newsround the inspiring story of her life before and after that devastating and world-changing event.\nThis animation contains some sad moments that you might find upsetting.\nYou can find out more about what happened in Hiroshima here.\nWatch 'Hiroshima: A Newsround Special' - Thursday 6 August at 5.30pm on the CBBC channel and on the Newsround website.", "summary": "Bun Hashizume was 14 years old and lived in Hiroshima, in Japan, when a nuclear bomb was dropped on the city 70 years ago, at the end of World War Two."}
{"document": "But what has been your moment of the year?\nFrom Ben Stokes' 258 off 198 balls against South Africa to Stuart Broad's 6-17 against the same opponents, and Alastair Cook being the first Englishman to reach 10,000 Test runs, there are lots of highlights.\nOr perhaps you revelled in Australia being skittled for just 85? Or the dog that invaded the pitch at Vizag?\nThe cricket brains of BBC Sport and BBC Radio 5 live asked you to rank your top 10, and your shortlist will be revealed on Tuesday's Tuffers and Vaughan Cricket Show (20:30 GMT, BBC Radio 5 live and online).\nVotes will no longer count but you can still pick your top 10 and share with friends.\nWhat are your top 10 cricketing moments from this year?", "summary": "It's been topsy-turvy for the England side but eventful and entertaining nonetheless."}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/GermEval/dev.txt | Gleich O
darauf O
entwirft O
er O
seine O
Selbstdarstellung O
" O
Ecce B-OTH
homo I-OTH
" O
in O
enger O
Auseinandersetzung O
mit O
diesem O
Bild O
Jesu B-PER
. O
1980 O
kam O
der O
Crown B-OTH
als O
Versuch O
von O
Toyota B-ORG
, O
sich O
in O
der O
Oberen O
Mittelklasse O
zu O
etablieren O
, O
auch O
nach O
Deutschland B-LOC
. O
– O
4:26 O
# O
Sometime B-OTH
Ago/La I-OTH
Fiesta I-OTH
– O
23:18 O
Alle O
Stücke O
wurden O
von O
Corea B-PER
komponiert O
mit O
Ausnahme O
der O
einleitenden O
Improvisation O
zu O
Sometime B-OTH
Ago I-OTH
. O
Bis O
2013 O
steigen O
die O
Mittel O
aus O
dem O
EU-Budget B-ORGpart
auf O
rund O
120 O
Millionen O
Euro B-OTH
. O
Daraus O
entwickelte O
sich O
im O
Rokoko B-OTH
die O
Sitte O
des O
gemeinsamen O
Weinens O
im O
Theater O
, O
das O
die O
Standesgrenzen O
innerhalb O
des O
Publikums O
überbrücken O
sollte O
. O
Die O
Spinne O
hatte O
sie O
mit O
Seidenfäden O
an O
ihrem O
Schwanz O
gefesselt O
und O
nach O
oben O
gezogen O
. O
In O
Deutschland B-LOC
ist O
nach O
StGB O
eine O
Anwerbung O
für O
die O
Fremdenlegion O
strafbar O
. O
Am O
Donnerstag O
wird O
sich O
zeigen O
, O
ob O
die O
Idee O
der O
DLR-Forscher B-ORGpart
funktioniert O
. O
Der O
sechste O
Lauf O
der O
ADAC B-ORG
GT I-ORG
Mastersstand O
ganz O
klar O
im O
Mittelpunkt O
des O
Motorsport-Wochenendes O
auf O
dem O
Eurospeedway B-ORG
Lausitz I-ORG
. O
Nach O
den O
schwächeren O
Vorgaben O
der O
Wall B-ORG
Street I-ORG
vom O
Vortag O
setzten O
die O
deutschen B-LOCderiv
Standardwerte O
ihren O
Konsolidierungskurs O
fort O
. O
Kolb B-PER
war O
seit O
1986 O
im O
Turnverein O
als O
Leiter O
tätig O
, O
darunter O
elf O
Jahre O
als O
Hauptleiter O
in O
der O
Männerriege O
. O
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/GermEval/train.txt | Schartau B-PER
sagte O
dem O
" O
Tagesspiegel B-ORG
" O
vom O
Freitag O
, O
Fischer B-PER
sei O
" O
in O
einer O
Weise O
aufgetreten O
, O
die O
alles O
andere O
als O
überzeugend O
war O
" O
. O
Firmengründer O
Wolf B-PER
Peter I-PER
Bree I-PER
arbeitete O
Anfang O
der O
siebziger O
Jahre O
als O
Möbelvertreter O
, O
als O
er O
einen O
fliegenden O
Händler O
aus O
dem O
Libanon B-LOC
traf O
. O
Ob O
sie O
dabei O
nach O
dem O
Runden O
Tisch O
am O
23. O
April O
in O
Berlin B-LOC
durch O
ein O
pädagogisches O
Konzept O
unterstützt O
wird O
, O
ist O
allerdings O
zu O
bezweifeln O
. O
Bayern B-ORG
München I-ORG
ist O
wieder O
alleiniger O
Top- O
Favorit O
auf O
den O
Gewinn O
der O
deutschen B-LOCderiv
Fußball-Meisterschaft O
. O
Dabei O
hätte O
der O
tapfere O
Schlussmann O
allen O
Grund O
gehabt O
, O
sich O
viel O
früher O
aufzuregen O
. O
ARD-Programmchef B-ORGpart
Günter B-PER
Struve I-PER
war O
wegen O
eines O
vierwöchigen O
Urlaubs O
für O
eine O
Stellungnahme O
nicht O
erreichbar O
. O
Alternativ O
sollten O
sich O
die O
Restaurantbetreiber O
aus O
Sicht O
der O
Solingerin B-LOCderiv
zu O
längeren O
Öffnungszeiten O
verpflichten O
, O
um O
wartende O
Kunden O
aufzunehmen O
. O
Die O
Deutsche B-ORG
Flugsicherung I-ORG
( O
DFS B-ORG
) O
beschloss O
ein O
Flugverbot O
für O
alle O
internationalen O
Flughäfen O
mit O
Ausnahme O
der O
beiden O
Berliner B-LOCderiv
Flughäfen O
bis O
2.00 O
Uhr O
nachts O
. O
New O
Small O
Family O
mit O
E-Motor O
: O
Studie O
E-Up O
! O
Eine O
Schwachstelle O
war O
beispielsweise O
der O
Spiegelkasten O
. O
Denn O
durch O
den O
Einsatz O
moderner O
Fahrzeugtechnik O
( O
Dieseltriebwagen O
) O
und O
schalldämmender O
Fenster O
entsteht O
keine O
Einschränkung O
der O
Wohnqualität O
. O
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/GermEval/labels.txt | B-LOC
B-LOCderiv
B-LOCpart
B-ORG
B-ORGderiv
B-ORGpart
B-OTH
B-OTHderiv
B-OTHpart
B-PER
B-PERderiv
B-PERpart
I-LOC
I-LOCderiv
I-LOCpart
I-ORG
I-ORGderiv
I-ORGpart
I-OTH
I-OTHderiv
I-OTHpart
I-PER
I-PERderiv
I-PERpart
O
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/fixtures/tests_samples/SQUAD/sample.json | {
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{
"id": "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628",
"question": "In what country is Normandy located?",
"context": "The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. They were descended from Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark, Iceland and Norway who, under their leader Rollo, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish and Roman-Gaulish populations, their descendants would gradually merge with the Carolingian-based cultures of West Francia. The distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerged initially in the first half of the 10th century, and it continued to evolve over the succeeding centuries.",
"answers": {
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159,
159,
159
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"text": [
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{
"id": "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629",
"question": "When were the Normans in Normandy?",
"context": "The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. They were descended from Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark, Iceland and Norway who, under their leader Rollo, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish and Roman-Gaulish populations, their descendants would gradually merge with the Carolingian-based cultures of West Francia. The distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerged initially in the first half of the 10th century, and it continued to evolve over the succeeding centuries.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [
94,
87,
94,
94
],
"text": [
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}
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{
"id": "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a",
"question": "From which countries did the Norse originate?",
"context": "The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. They were descended from Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark, Iceland and Norway who, under their leader Rollo, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish and Roman-Gaulish populations, their descendants would gradually merge with the Carolingian-based cultures of West Francia. The distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerged initially in the first half of the 10th century, and it continued to evolve over the succeeding centuries.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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"Denmark, Iceland and Norway",
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{
"id": "5ad39d53604f3c001a3fe8d3",
"question": "Who did King Charles III swear fealty to?",
"context": "The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. They were descended from Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark, Iceland and Norway who, under their leader Rollo, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish and Roman-Gaulish populations, their descendants would gradually merge with the Carolingian-based cultures of West Francia. The distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerged initially in the first half of the 10th century, and it continued to evolve over the succeeding centuries.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
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},
{
"id": "5ad39d53604f3c001a3fe8d4",
"question": "When did the Frankish identity emerge?",
"context": "The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy, a region in France. They were descended from Norse (\"Norman\" comes from \"Norseman\") raiders and pirates from Denmark, Iceland and Norway who, under their leader Rollo, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia. Through generations of assimilation and mixing with the native Frankish and Roman-Gaulish populations, their descendants would gradually merge with the Carolingian-based cultures of West Francia. The distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerged initially in the first half of the 10th century, and it continued to evolve over the succeeding centuries.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
}
},
{
"id": "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f",
"question": "Who was the duke in the battle of Hastings?",
"context": "The Norman dynasty had a major political, cultural and military impact on medieval Europe and even the Near East. The Normans were famed for their martial spirit and eventually for their Christian piety, becoming exponents of the Catholic orthodoxy into which they assimilated. They adopted the Gallo-Romance language of the Frankish land they settled, their dialect becoming known as Norman, Normaund or Norman French, an important literary language. The Duchy of Normandy, which they formed by treaty with the French crown, was a great fief of medieval France, and under Richard I of Normandy was forged into a cohesive and formidable principality in feudal tenure. The Normans are noted both for their culture, such as their unique Romanesque architecture and musical traditions, and for their significant military accomplishments and innovations. Norman adventurers founded the Kingdom of Sicily under Roger II after conquering southern Italy on the Saracens and Byzantines, and an expedition on behalf of their duke, William the Conqueror, led to the Norman conquest of England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. Norman cultural and military influence spread from these new European centres to the Crusader states of the Near East, where their prince Bohemond I founded the Principality of Antioch in the Levant, to Scotland and Wales in Great Britain, to Ireland, and to the coasts of north Africa and the Canary Islands.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [
1022,
1022,
1022
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"text": [
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"William the Conqueror",
"William the Conqueror"
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{
"id": "5ad3a266604f3c001a3fea2b",
"question": "What principality did William the conquerer found?",
"context": "The Norman dynasty had a major political, cultural and military impact on medieval Europe and even the Near East. The Normans were famed for their martial spirit and eventually for their Christian piety, becoming exponents of the Catholic orthodoxy into which they assimilated. They adopted the Gallo-Romance language of the Frankish land they settled, their dialect becoming known as Norman, Normaund or Norman French, an important literary language. The Duchy of Normandy, which they formed by treaty with the French crown, was a great fief of medieval France, and under Richard I of Normandy was forged into a cohesive and formidable principality in feudal tenure. The Normans are noted both for their culture, such as their unique Romanesque architecture and musical traditions, and for their significant military accomplishments and innovations. Norman adventurers founded the Kingdom of Sicily under Roger II after conquering southern Italy on the Saracens and Byzantines, and an expedition on behalf of their duke, William the Conqueror, led to the Norman conquest of England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. Norman cultural and military influence spread from these new European centres to the Crusader states of the Near East, where their prince Bohemond I founded the Principality of Antioch in the Levant, to Scotland and Wales in Great Britain, to Ireland, and to the coasts of north Africa and the Canary Islands.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
}
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{
"id": "56e16182e3433e1400422e28",
"question": "What branch of theoretical computer science deals with broadly classifying computational problems by difficulty and class of relationship?",
"context": "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other. A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a computer, which is equivalent to stating that the problem may be solved by mechanical application of mathematical steps, such as an algorithm.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [
0,
0,
0
],
"text": [
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"Computational complexity theory",
"Computational complexity theory"
]
}
},
{
"id": "5ad5316b5b96ef001a10ab76",
"question": "What is a manual application of mathematical steps?",
"context": "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other. A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a computer, which is equivalent to stating that the problem may be solved by mechanical application of mathematical steps, such as an algorithm.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
}
},
{
"id": "56e16839cd28a01900c67887",
"question": "What measure of a computational problem broadly defines the inherent difficulty of the solution?",
"context": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates in a circuit (used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.",
"answers": {
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46,
49,
46
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"text": [
"if its solution requires significant resources",
"its solution requires significant resources",
"if its solution requires significant resources"
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}
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{
"id": "56e16839cd28a01900c67888",
"question": "What method is used to intuitively assess or quantify the amount of resources required to solve a computational problem?",
"context": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates in a circuit (used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.",
"answers": {
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176,
176,
176
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"text": [
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"mathematical models of computation"
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{
"id": "56e16839cd28a01900c67889",
"question": "What are two basic primary resources used to guage complexity?",
"context": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates in a circuit (used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [
305,
305,
305
],
"text": [
"time and storage",
"time and storage",
"time and storage"
]
}
},
{
"id": "5ad532575b96ef001a10ab7f",
"question": "What unit is measured to determine circuit simplicity?",
"context": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates in a circuit (used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
}
},
{
"id": "5ad532575b96ef001a10ab80",
"question": "What number is used in perpendicular computing?",
"context": "A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used. The theory formalizes this intuition, by introducing mathematical models of computation to study these problems and quantifying the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication (used in communication complexity), the number of gates in a circuit (used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do.",
"answers": {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
}
}
]
}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/optimization/test_optimization.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import tempfile
import unittest
from transformers import is_torch_available
from transformers.testing_utils import require_torch
if is_torch_available():
import torch
from torch import nn
from transformers import (
Adafactor,
AdamW,
get_constant_schedule,
get_constant_schedule_with_warmup,
get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup,
get_cosine_with_hard_restarts_schedule_with_warmup,
get_inverse_sqrt_schedule,
get_linear_schedule_with_warmup,
get_polynomial_decay_schedule_with_warmup,
)
def unwrap_schedule(scheduler, num_steps=10):
lrs = []
for _ in range(num_steps):
lrs.append(scheduler.get_lr()[0])
scheduler.step()
return lrs
def unwrap_and_save_reload_schedule(scheduler, num_steps=10):
lrs = []
for step in range(num_steps):
lrs.append(scheduler.get_lr()[0])
scheduler.step()
if step == num_steps // 2:
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
file_name = os.path.join(tmpdirname, "schedule.bin")
torch.save(scheduler.state_dict(), file_name)
state_dict = torch.load(file_name)
scheduler.load_state_dict(state_dict)
return lrs
@require_torch
class OptimizationTest(unittest.TestCase):
def assertListAlmostEqual(self, list1, list2, tol):
self.assertEqual(len(list1), len(list2))
for a, b in zip(list1, list2):
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, b, delta=tol)
def test_adam_w(self):
w = torch.tensor([0.1, -0.2, -0.1], requires_grad=True)
target = torch.tensor([0.4, 0.2, -0.5])
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
# No warmup, constant schedule, no gradient clipping
optimizer = AdamW(params=[w], lr=2e-1, weight_decay=0.0)
for _ in range(100):
loss = criterion(w, target)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
w.grad.detach_() # No zero_grad() function on simple tensors. we do it ourselves.
w.grad.zero_()
self.assertListAlmostEqual(w.tolist(), [0.4, 0.2, -0.5], tol=1e-2)
def test_adafactor(self):
w = torch.tensor([0.1, -0.2, -0.1], requires_grad=True)
target = torch.tensor([0.4, 0.2, -0.5])
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
# No warmup, constant schedule, no gradient clipping
optimizer = Adafactor(
params=[w],
lr=1e-2,
eps=(1e-30, 1e-3),
clip_threshold=1.0,
decay_rate=-0.8,
beta1=None,
weight_decay=0.0,
relative_step=False,
scale_parameter=False,
warmup_init=False,
)
for _ in range(1000):
loss = criterion(w, target)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
w.grad.detach_() # No zero_grad() function on simple tensors. we do it ourselves.
w.grad.zero_()
self.assertListAlmostEqual(w.tolist(), [0.4, 0.2, -0.5], tol=1e-2)
@require_torch
class ScheduleInitTest(unittest.TestCase):
m = nn.Linear(50, 50) if is_torch_available() else None
optimizer = AdamW(m.parameters(), lr=10.0) if is_torch_available() else None
num_steps = 10
def assertListAlmostEqual(self, list1, list2, tol, msg=None):
self.assertEqual(len(list1), len(list2))
for a, b in zip(list1, list2):
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, b, delta=tol, msg=msg)
def test_schedulers(self):
common_kwargs = {"num_warmup_steps": 2, "num_training_steps": 10}
# schedulers doct format
# function: (sched_args_dict, expected_learning_rates)
scheds = {
get_constant_schedule: ({}, [10.0] * self.num_steps),
get_constant_schedule_with_warmup: (
{"num_warmup_steps": 4},
[0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 10.0, 10.0, 10.0, 10.0, 10.0],
),
get_linear_schedule_with_warmup: (
{**common_kwargs},
[0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 8.75, 7.5, 6.25, 5.0, 3.75, 2.5, 1.25],
),
get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup: (
{**common_kwargs},
[0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 9.61, 8.53, 6.91, 5.0, 3.08, 1.46, 0.38],
),
get_cosine_with_hard_restarts_schedule_with_warmup: (
{**common_kwargs, "num_cycles": 2},
[0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 8.53, 5.0, 1.46, 10.0, 8.53, 5.0, 1.46],
),
get_polynomial_decay_schedule_with_warmup: (
{**common_kwargs, "power": 2.0, "lr_end": 1e-7},
[0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 7.656, 5.625, 3.906, 2.5, 1.406, 0.625, 0.156],
),
get_inverse_sqrt_schedule: (
{"num_warmup_steps": 2},
[0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 8.165, 7.071, 6.325, 5.774, 5.345, 5.0, 4.714],
),
}
for scheduler_func, data in scheds.items():
kwargs, expected_learning_rates = data
scheduler = scheduler_func(self.optimizer, **kwargs)
self.assertEqual(len([scheduler.get_lr()[0]]), 1)
lrs_1 = unwrap_schedule(scheduler, self.num_steps)
self.assertListAlmostEqual(
lrs_1,
expected_learning_rates,
tol=1e-2,
msg=f"failed for {scheduler_func} in normal scheduler",
)
scheduler = scheduler_func(self.optimizer, **kwargs)
if scheduler_func.__name__ != "get_constant_schedule":
LambdaScheduleWrapper.wrap_scheduler(scheduler) # wrap to test picklability of the schedule
lrs_2 = unwrap_and_save_reload_schedule(scheduler, self.num_steps)
self.assertListEqual(lrs_1, lrs_2, msg=f"failed for {scheduler_func} in save and reload")
class LambdaScheduleWrapper:
"""See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues/21689"""
def __init__(self, fn):
self.fn = fn
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
return self.fn(*args, **kwargs)
@classmethod
def wrap_scheduler(self, scheduler):
scheduler.lr_lambdas = list(map(self, scheduler.lr_lambdas))
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/optimization/test_optimization_tf.py | # Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import unittest
from transformers import is_tf_available
from transformers.testing_utils import require_tf
if is_tf_available():
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.eager import context
from tensorflow.python.framework import ops
from transformers import GradientAccumulator, create_optimizer
@require_tf
class OptimizationFTest(unittest.TestCase):
def assertListAlmostEqual(self, list1, list2, tol):
self.assertEqual(len(list1), len(list2))
for a, b in zip(list1, list2):
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, b, delta=tol)
def testGradientAccumulator(self):
accumulator = GradientAccumulator()
accumulator([tf.constant([1.0, 2.0])])
accumulator([tf.constant([-2.0, 1.0])])
accumulator([tf.constant([-1.0, 2.0])])
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
accumulator([tf.constant([1.0, 1.0]), tf.constant([2.0, 2.0])])
self.assertEqual(accumulator.step, 3)
self.assertEqual(len(accumulator.gradients), 1)
self.assertListAlmostEqual(accumulator.gradients[0].numpy().tolist(), [-2.0, 5.0], tol=1e-2)
accumulator.reset()
self.assertEqual(accumulator.step, 0)
self.assertListAlmostEqual(accumulator.gradients[0].numpy().tolist(), [0.0, 0.0], tol=1e-2)
def testGradientAccumulatorDistributionStrategy(self):
context._context = None
ops.enable_eager_execution_internal()
physical_devices = tf.config.list_physical_devices("CPU")
if len(physical_devices) == 1:
tf.config.set_logical_device_configuration(
physical_devices[0], [tf.config.LogicalDeviceConfiguration(), tf.config.LogicalDeviceConfiguration()]
)
devices = tf.config.list_logical_devices(device_type="CPU")
strategy = tf.distribute.MirroredStrategy(devices=devices[:2])
with strategy.scope():
accumulator = GradientAccumulator()
variable = tf.Variable([4.0, 3.0])
optimizer, _ = create_optimizer(5e-5, 10, 5)
gradient_placeholder = tf.Variable([0.0, 0.0], trainable=False)
def accumulate_on_replica(gradient):
accumulator([gradient])
def apply_on_replica():
optimizer.apply_gradients(list(zip(accumulator.gradients, [variable])))
@tf.function
def accumulate(grad1, grad2):
with strategy.scope():
local_variables = strategy.experimental_local_results(gradient_placeholder)
local_variables[0].assign(grad1)
local_variables[1].assign(grad2)
strategy.run(accumulate_on_replica, args=(gradient_placeholder,))
@tf.function
def apply_grad():
with strategy.scope():
strategy.run(apply_on_replica)
def _check_local_values(grad1, grad2):
values = strategy.experimental_local_results(accumulator._gradients[0])
self.assertListAlmostEqual(values[0].value(), grad1, tol=1e-2)
self.assertListAlmostEqual(values[1].value(), grad2, tol=1e-2)
accumulate([1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 1.0])
accumulate([3.0, -1.0], [-1.0, -1.0])
accumulate([-2.0, 2.0], [3.0, -2.0])
self.assertEqual(accumulator.step, 3)
_check_local_values([2.0, 3.0], [1.0, -2.0])
apply_grad()
self.assertListAlmostEqual(variable.value(), [4.0, 3.0], tol=1e-2)
accumulator.reset()
self.assertEqual(accumulator.step, 0)
_check_local_values([0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0])
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/tests | hf_public_repos/transformers/tests/bettertransformer/test_integration.py | # coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2023 The HuggingFace Team Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a clone of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import tempfile
import unittest
from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer
from transformers.testing_utils import (
is_torch_available,
require_optimum,
require_torch,
slow,
)
if is_torch_available():
import torch
@require_torch
@require_optimum
@slow
class BetterTransformerIntegrationTest(unittest.TestCase):
# refer to the full test suite in Optimum library:
# https://github.com/huggingface/optimum/tree/main/tests/bettertransformer
def test_transform_and_reverse(self):
r"""
Classic tests to simply check if the conversion has been successfull.
"""
model_id = "hf-internal-testing/tiny-random-t5"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(model_id)
inp = tokenizer("This is me", return_tensors="pt")
model = model.to_bettertransformer()
self.assertTrue(any("BetterTransformer" in mod.__class__.__name__ for _, mod in model.named_modules()))
output = model.generate(**inp)
model = model.reverse_bettertransformer()
self.assertFalse(any("BetterTransformer" in mod.__class__.__name__ for _, mod in model.named_modules()))
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
model.save_pretrained(tmpdirname)
model_reloaded = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(tmpdirname)
self.assertFalse(
any("BetterTransformer" in mod.__class__.__name__ for _, mod in model_reloaded.named_modules())
)
output_from_pretrained = model_reloaded.generate(**inp)
self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(output, output_from_pretrained))
def test_error_save_pretrained(self):
r"""
The save_pretrained method should raise a ValueError if the model is in BetterTransformer mode.
All should be good if the model is reversed.
"""
model_id = "hf-internal-testing/tiny-random-t5"
model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = model.to_bettertransformer()
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
model.save_pretrained(tmpdirname)
model = model.reverse_bettertransformer()
model.save_pretrained(tmpdirname)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers | hf_public_repos/transformers/model_cards/README.md | ## 🔥 Model cards now live inside each huggingface.co model repo 🔥
For consistency, ease of use and scalability, `README.md` model cards now live directly inside each model repo on the HuggingFace model hub.
### How to update a model card
You can directly update a model card inside any model repo you have **write access** to, i.e.:
- a model under your username namespace
- a model under any organization you are a part of.
You can either:
- update it, commit and push using your usual git workflow (command line, GUI, etc.)
- or edit it directly from the website's UI.
**What if you want to create or update a model card for a model you don't have write access to?**
In that case, you can open a [Hub pull request](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/repositories-pull-requests-discussions)! Check out the [announcement](https://huggingface.co/blog/community-update) of this feature for more details 🤗.
### What happened to the model cards here?
We migrated every model card from the repo to its corresponding huggingface.co model repo. Individual commits were preserved, and they link back to the original commit on GitHub.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/README.md | <!---
Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
# Generating the documentation
To generate the documentation, you first have to build it. Several packages are necessary to build the doc,
you can install them with the following command, at the root of the code repository:
```bash
pip install -e ".[docs]"
```
Then you need to install our special tool that builds the documentation:
```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/doc-builder
```
---
**NOTE**
You only need to generate the documentation to inspect it locally (if you're planning changes and want to
check how they look before committing for instance). You don't have to commit the built documentation.
---
## Building the documentation
Once you have setup the `doc-builder` and additional packages, you can generate the documentation by
typing the following command:
```bash
doc-builder build transformers docs/source/en/ --build_dir ~/tmp/test-build
```
You can adapt the `--build_dir` to set any temporary folder that you prefer. This command will create it and generate
the MDX files that will be rendered as the documentation on the main website. You can inspect them in your favorite
Markdown editor.
## Previewing the documentation
To preview the docs, first install the `watchdog` module with:
```bash
pip install watchdog
```
Then run the following command:
```bash
doc-builder preview {package_name} {path_to_docs}
```
For example:
```bash
doc-builder preview transformers docs/source/en/
```
The docs will be viewable at [http://localhost:3000](http://localhost:3000). You can also preview the docs once you have opened a PR. You will see a bot add a comment to a link where the documentation with your changes lives.
---
**NOTE**
The `preview` command only works with existing doc files. When you add a completely new file, you need to update `_toctree.yml` & restart `preview` command (`ctrl-c` to stop it & call `doc-builder preview ...` again).
---
## Adding a new element to the navigation bar
Accepted files are Markdown (.md or .md).
Create a file with its extension and put it in the source directory. You can then link it to the toc-tree by putting
the filename without the extension in the [`_toctree.yml`](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/docs/source/_toctree.yml) file.
## Renaming section headers and moving sections
It helps to keep the old links working when renaming the section header and/or moving sections from one document to another. This is because the old links are likely to be used in Issues, Forums, and Social media and it'd make for a much more superior user experience if users reading those months later could still easily navigate to the originally intended information.
Therefore, we simply keep a little map of moved sections at the end of the document where the original section was. The key is to preserve the original anchor.
So if you renamed a section from: "Section A" to "Section B", then you can add at the end of the file:
```
Sections that were moved:
[ <a href="#section-b">Section A</a><a id="section-a"></a> ]
```
and of course, if you moved it to another file, then:
```
Sections that were moved:
[ <a href="../new-file#section-b">Section A</a><a id="section-a"></a> ]
```
Use the relative style to link to the new file so that the versioned docs continue to work.
For an example of a rich moved section set please see the very end of [the Trainer doc](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/docs/source/en/main_classes/trainer.md).
## Writing Documentation - Specification
The `huggingface/transformers` documentation follows the
[Google documentation](https://sphinxcontrib-napoleon.readthedocs.io/en/latest/example_google.html) style for docstrings,
although we can write them directly in Markdown.
### Adding a new tutorial
Adding a new tutorial or section is done in two steps:
- Add a new file under `./source`. This file can either be ReStructuredText (.rst) or Markdown (.md).
- Link that file in `./source/_toctree.yml` on the correct toc-tree.
Make sure to put your new file under the proper section. It's unlikely to go in the first section (*Get Started*), so
depending on the intended targets (beginners, more advanced users, or researchers) it should go in sections two, three, or
four.
### Translating
When translating, refer to the guide at [./TRANSLATING.md](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/docs/TRANSLATING.md).
### Adding a new model
When adding a new model:
- Create a file `xxx.md` or under `./source/model_doc` (don't hesitate to copy an existing file as template).
- Link that file in `./source/_toctree.yml`.
- Write a short overview of the model:
- Overview with paper & authors
- Paper abstract
- Tips and tricks and how to use it best
- Add the classes that should be linked in the model. This generally includes the configuration, the tokenizer, and
every model of that class (the base model, alongside models with additional heads), both in PyTorch and TensorFlow.
The order is generally:
- Configuration,
- Tokenizer
- PyTorch base model
- PyTorch head models
- TensorFlow base model
- TensorFlow head models
- Flax base model
- Flax head models
These classes should be added using our Markdown syntax. Usually as follows:
```
## XXXConfig
[[autodoc]] XXXConfig
```
This will include every public method of the configuration that is documented. If for some reason you wish for a method
not to be displayed in the documentation, you can do so by specifying which methods should be in the docs:
```
## XXXTokenizer
[[autodoc]] XXXTokenizer
- build_inputs_with_special_tokens
- get_special_tokens_mask
- create_token_type_ids_from_sequences
- save_vocabulary
```
If you just want to add a method that is not documented (for instance magic methods like `__call__` are not documented
by default) you can put the list of methods to add in a list that contains `all`:
```
## XXXTokenizer
[[autodoc]] XXXTokenizer
- all
- __call__
```
### Writing source documentation
Values that should be put in `code` should either be surrounded by backticks: \`like so\`. Note that argument names
and objects like True, None, or any strings should usually be put in `code`.
When mentioning a class, function, or method, it is recommended to use our syntax for internal links so that our tool
adds a link to its documentation with this syntax: \[\`XXXClass\`\] or \[\`function\`\]. This requires the class or
function to be in the main package.
If you want to create a link to some internal class or function, you need to
provide its path. For instance: \[\`utils.ModelOutput\`\]. This will be converted into a link with
`utils.ModelOutput` in the description. To get rid of the path and only keep the name of the object you are
linking to in the description, add a ~: \[\`~utils.ModelOutput\`\] will generate a link with `ModelOutput` in the description.
The same works for methods so you can either use \[\`XXXClass.method\`\] or \[~\`XXXClass.method\`\].
#### Defining arguments in a method
Arguments should be defined with the `Args:` (or `Arguments:` or `Parameters:`) prefix, followed by a line return and
an indentation. The argument should be followed by its type, with its shape if it is a tensor, a colon, and its
description:
```
Args:
n_layers (`int`): The number of layers of the model.
```
If the description is too long to fit in one line, another indentation is necessary before writing the description
after the argument.
Here's an example showcasing everything so far:
```
Args:
input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`):
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using [`AlbertTokenizer`]. See [`~PreTrainedTokenizer.encode`] and
[`~PreTrainedTokenizer.__call__`] for details.
[What are input IDs?](../glossary#input-ids)
```
For optional arguments or arguments with defaults we follow the following syntax: imagine we have a function with the
following signature:
```
def my_function(x: str = None, a: float = 1):
```
then its documentation should look like this:
```
Args:
x (`str`, *optional*):
This argument controls ...
a (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
This argument is used to ...
```
Note that we always omit the "defaults to \`None\`" when None is the default for any argument. Also note that even
if the first line describing your argument type and its default gets long, you can't break it on several lines. You can
however write as many lines as you want in the indented description (see the example above with `input_ids`).
#### Writing a multi-line code block
Multi-line code blocks can be useful for displaying examples. They are done between two lines of three backticks as usual in Markdown:
````
```
# first line of code
# second line
# etc
```
````
We follow the [doctest](https://docs.python.org/3/library/doctest.html) syntax for the examples to automatically test
the results to stay consistent with the library.
#### Writing a return block
The return block should be introduced with the `Returns:` prefix, followed by a line return and an indentation.
The first line should be the type of the return, followed by a line return. No need to indent further for the elements
building the return.
Here's an example of a single value return:
```
Returns:
`List[int]`: A list of integers in the range [0, 1] --- 1 for a special token, 0 for a sequence token.
```
Here's an example of a tuple return, comprising several objects:
```
Returns:
`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)` comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([`BertConfig`]) and inputs:
- ** loss** (*optional*, returned when `masked_lm_labels` is provided) `torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)` --
Total loss is the sum of the masked language modeling loss and the next sequence prediction (classification) loss.
- **prediction_scores** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)`) --
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
```
#### Adding an image
Due to the rapidly growing repository, it is important to make sure that no files that would significantly weigh down the repository are added. This includes images, videos, and other non-text files. We prefer to leverage a hf.co hosted `dataset` like
the ones hosted on [`hf-internal-testing`](https://huggingface.co/hf-internal-testing) in which to place these files and reference
them by URL. We recommend putting them in the following dataset: [huggingface/documentation-images](https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images).
If an external contribution, feel free to add the images to your PR and ask a Hugging Face member to migrate your images
to this dataset.
## Styling the docstring
We have an automatic script running with the `make style` comment that will make sure that:
- the docstrings fully take advantage of the line width
- all code examples are formatted using black, like the code of the Transformers library
This script may have some weird failures if you made a syntax mistake or if you uncover a bug. Therefore, it's
recommended to commit your changes before running `make style`, so you can revert the changes done by that script
easily.
# Testing documentation examples
Good documentation often comes with an example of how a specific function or class should be used.
Each model class should contain at least one example showcasing
how to use this model class in inference. *E.g.* the class [Wav2Vec2ForCTC](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wav2vec2#transformers.Wav2Vec2ForCTC)
includes an example of how to transcribe speech to text in the
[docstring of its forward function](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wav2vec2#transformers.Wav2Vec2ForCTC.forward).
## Writing documentation examples
The syntax for Example docstrings can look as follows:
```
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import Wav2Vec2Processor, Wav2Vec2ForCTC
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> import torch
>>> dataset = load_dataset("hf-internal-testing/librispeech_asr_demo", "clean", split="validation")
>>> dataset = dataset.sort("id")
>>> sampling_rate = dataset.features["audio"].sampling_rate
>>> processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained("facebook/wav2vec2-base-960h")
>>> model = Wav2Vec2ForCTC.from_pretrained("facebook/wav2vec2-base-960h")
>>> # audio file is decoded on the fly
>>> inputs = processor(dataset[0]["audio"]["array"], sampling_rate=sampling_rate, return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
>>> # transcribe speech
>>> transcription = processor.batch_decode(predicted_ids)
>>> transcription[0]
'MISTER QUILTER IS THE APOSTLE OF THE MIDDLE CLASSES AND WE ARE GLAD TO WELCOME HIS GOSPEL'
```
```
The docstring should give a minimal, clear example of how the respective model
is to be used in inference and also include the expected (ideally sensible)
output.
Often, readers will try out the example before even going through the function
or class definitions. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that the example
works as expected.
## Docstring testing
To do so each example should be included in the doctests.
We use pytests' [doctest integration](https://docs.pytest.org/doctest.html) to verify that all of our examples run correctly.
For Transformers, the doctests are run on a daily basis via GitHub Actions as can be
seen [here](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/actions/workflows/doctests.yml).
To include your example in the daily doctests, you need to add the filename that
contains the example docstring to the [documentation_tests.txt](../utils/documentation_tests.txt).
### For Python files
Run all the tests in the docstrings of a given file with the following command, here is how we test the modeling file of Wav2Vec2 for instance:
```bash
pytest --doctest-modules src/transformers/models/wav2vec2/modeling_wav2vec2.py -sv --doctest-continue-on-failure
```
If you want to isolate a specific docstring, just add `::` after the file name then type the whole path of the function/class/method whose docstring you want to test. For instance, here is how to just test the forward method of `Wav2Vec2ForCTC`:
```bash
pytest --doctest-modules src/transformers/models/wav2vec2/modeling_wav2vec2.py::transformers.models.wav2vec2.modeling_wav2vec2.Wav2Vec2ForCTC.forward -sv --doctest-continue-on-failure
```
### For Markdown files
You can test locally a given file with this command (here testing the quicktour):
```bash
pytest --doctest-modules docs/source/quicktour.md -sv --doctest-continue-on-failure --doctest-glob="*.md"
```
### Writing doctests
Here are a few tips to help you debug the doctests and make them pass:
- The outputs of the code need to match the expected output **exactly**, so make sure you have the same outputs. In particular doctest will see a difference between single quotes and double quotes, or a missing parenthesis. The only exceptions to that rule are:
* whitespace: one give whitespace (space, tabulation, new line) is equivalent to any number of whitespace, so you can add new lines where there are spaces to make your output more readable.
* numerical values: you should never put more than 4 or 5 digits to expected results as different setups or library versions might get you slightly different results. `doctest` is configured to ignore any difference lower than the precision to which you wrote (so 1e-4 if you write 4 digits).
- Don't leave a block of code that is very long to execute. If you can't make it fast, you can either not use the doctest syntax on it (so that it's ignored), or if you want to use the doctest syntax to show the results, you can add a comment `# doctest: +SKIP` at the end of the lines of code too long to execute
- Each line of code that produces a result needs to have that result written below. You can ignore an output if you don't want to show it in your code example by adding a comment ` # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT` at the end of the line of code producing it.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/TRANSLATING.md | ### Translating the Transformers documentation into your language
As part of our mission to democratize machine learning, we'd love to make the Transformers library available in many more languages! Follow the steps below if you want to help translate the documentation into your language 🙏.
**🗞️ Open an issue**
To get started, navigate to the [Issues](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues) page of this repo and check if anyone else has opened an issue for your language. If not, open a new issue by selecting the "Translation template" from the "New issue" button.
Once an issue exists, post a comment to indicate which chapters you'd like to work on, and we'll add your name to the list.
**🍴 Fork the repository**
First, you'll need to [fork the Transformers repo](https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/quickstart/fork-a-repo). You can do this by clicking on the **Fork** button on the top-right corner of this repo's page.
Once you've forked the repo, you'll want to get the files on your local machine for editing. You can do that by cloning the fork with Git as follows:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/YOUR-USERNAME/transformers.git
```
**📋 Copy-paste the English version with a new language code**
The documentation files are in one leading directory:
- [`docs/source`](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/docs/source): All the documentation materials are organized here by language.
You'll only need to copy the files in the [`docs/source/en`](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/docs/source/en) directory, so first navigate to your fork of the repo and run the following:
```bash
cd ~/path/to/transformers/docs
cp -r source/en source/LANG-ID
```
Here, `LANG-ID` should be one of the ISO 639-1 or ISO 639-2 language codes -- see [here](https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php) for a handy table.
**✍️ Start translating**
The fun part comes - translating the text!
The first thing we recommend is translating the part of the `_toctree.yml` file that corresponds to your doc chapter. This file is used to render the table of contents on the website.
> 🙋 If the `_toctree.yml` file doesn't yet exist for your language, you can create one by copy-pasting from the English version and deleting the sections unrelated to your chapter. Just make sure it exists in the `docs/source/LANG-ID/` directory!
The fields you should add are `local` (with the name of the file containing the translation; e.g. `autoclass_tutorial`), and `title` (with the title of the doc in your language; e.g. `Load pretrained instances with an AutoClass`) -- as a reference, here is the `_toctree.yml` for [English](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/main/docs/source/en/_toctree.yml):
```yaml
- sections:
- local: pipeline_tutorial # Do not change this! Use the same name for your .md file
title: Pipelines for inference # Translate this!
...
title: Tutorials # Translate this!
```
Once you have translated the `_toctree.yml` file, you can start translating the [MDX](https://mdxjs.com/) files associated with your docs chapter.
> 🙋 If you'd like others to help you with the translation, you should [open an issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues) and tag @sgugger.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/_config.py | # docstyle-ignore
INSTALL_CONTENT = """
# Transformers installation
! pip install transformers datasets evaluate
# To install from source instead of the last release, comment the command above and uncomment the following one.
# ! pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git
"""
notebook_first_cells = [{"type": "code", "content": INSTALL_CONTENT}]
black_avoid_patterns = {
"{processor_class}": "FakeProcessorClass",
"{model_class}": "FakeModelClass",
"{object_class}": "FakeObjectClass",
}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/autoclass_tutorial.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Carga instancias preentrenadas con un AutoClass
Con tantas arquitecturas diferentes de Transformer puede ser retador crear una para tu checkpoint. Como parte de la filosofía central de 🤗 Transformers para hacer que la biblioteca sea fácil, simple y flexible de usar; una `AutoClass` automáticamente infiere y carga la arquitectura correcta desde un checkpoint dado. El método `from_pretrained` te permite cargar rápidamente un modelo preentrenado para cualquier arquitectura, por lo que no tendrás que dedicar tiempo y recursos para entrenar uno desde cero. Producir este tipo de código con checkpoint implica que si funciona con uno, funcionará también con otro (siempre que haya sido entrenado para una tarea similar) incluso si la arquitectura es distinta.
<Tip>
Recuerda, la arquitectura se refiere al esqueleto del modelo y los checkpoints son los pesos para una arquitectura dada. Por ejemplo, [BERT](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-uncased) es una arquitectura, mientras que `bert-base-uncased` es un checkpoint. Modelo es un término general que puede significar una arquitectura o un checkpoint.
</Tip>
En este tutorial, aprenderás a:
* Cargar un tokenizador pre-entrenado.
* Cargar un extractor de características (feature extractor en inglés) pre-entrenado.
* Cargar un procesador pre-entrenado.
* Cargar un modelo pre-entrenado.
## AutoTokenizer
Casi cualquier tarea de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural comienza con un tokenizador. Un tokenizador convierte tu input a un formato que puede ser procesado por el modelo.
Carga un tokenizador con [`AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
```
Luego tokeniza tu input como lo mostrado a continuación:
```py
>>> sequence = "In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit."
>>> print(tokenizer(sequence))
{'input_ids': [101, 1999, 1037, 4920, 1999, 1996, 2598, 2045, 2973, 1037, 7570, 10322, 4183, 1012, 102],
'token_type_ids': [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
'attention_mask': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]}
```
## AutoFeatureExtractor
Para tareas de audio y visión, un extractor de características procesa la señal de audio o imagen al formato de input correcto.
Carga un extractor de características con [`AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoFeatureExtractor
>>> feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained(
... "ehcalabres/wav2vec2-lg-xlsr-en-speech-emotion-recognition"
... )
```
## AutoProcessor
Las tareas multimodales requieren un procesador que combine dos tipos de herramientas de preprocesamiento. Por ejemplo, el modelo [LayoutLMV2](model_doc/layoutlmv2) requiere que un extractor de características maneje las imágenes y que un tokenizador maneje el texto; un procesador combina ambas.
Carga un procesador con [`AutoProcessor.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoProcessor
>>> processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("microsoft/layoutlmv2-base-uncased")
```
## AutoModel
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Finalmente, las clases `AutoModelFor` te permiten cargar un modelo preentrenado para una tarea dada (revisa [aquí](model_doc/auto) para conocer la lista completa de tareas disponibles). Por ejemplo, cargue un modelo para clasificación de secuencias con [`AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Reutiliza fácilmente el mismo checkpoint para cargar una aquitectura para alguna tarea diferente:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForTokenClassification
>>> model = AutoModelForTokenClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Generalmente recomendamos utilizar las clases `AutoTokenizer` y `AutoModelFor` para cargar instancias pre-entrenadas de modelos. Ésto asegurará que cargues la arquitectura correcta en cada ocasión. En el siguiente [tutorial](preprocessing), aprende a usar tu tokenizador recién cargado, el extractor de características y el procesador para preprocesar un dataset para fine-tuning.
</pt>
<tf>
Finalmente, la clase `TFAutoModelFor` te permite cargar tu modelo pre-entrenado para una tarea dada (revisa [aquí](model_doc/auto) para conocer la lista completa de tareas disponibles). Por ejemplo, carga un modelo para clasificación de secuencias con [`TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Reutiliza fácilmente el mismo checkpoint para cargar una aquitectura para alguna tarea diferente:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForTokenClassification
>>> model = TFAutoModelForTokenClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Generalmente recomendamos utilizar las clases `AutoTokenizer` y `TFAutoModelFor` para cargar instancias de modelos pre-entrenados. Ésto asegurará que cargues la arquitectura correcta cada vez. En el siguiente [tutorial](preprocessing), aprende a usar tu tokenizador recién cargado, el extractor de características y el procesador para preprocesar un dataset para fine-tuning.
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/converting_tensorflow_models.md | <!--Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Convertir checkpoints de Tensorflow
Te proporcionamos una interfaz de línea de comando (`CLI`, por sus siglas en inglés) para convertir puntos de control (_checkpoints_) originales de Bert/GPT/GPT-2/Transformer-XL/XLNet/XLM en modelos que se puedan cargar utilizando los métodos `from_pretrained` de la biblioteca.
<Tip>
Desde 2.3.0, el script para convertir es parte de la CLI de transformers (**transformers-cli**) disponible en cualquier instalación de transformers >= 2.3.0.
La siguiente documentación refleja el formato para el comando **transformers-cli convert**.
</Tip>
## BERT
Puedes convertir cualquier checkpoint de TensorFlow para BERT (en particular, [los modelos pre-entrenados y publicados por Google](https://github.com/google-research/bert#pre-trained-models)) en un archivo de PyTorch mediante el script [convert_bert_original_tf_checkpoint_to_pytorch.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/src/transformers/models/bert/convert_bert_original_tf_checkpoint_to_pytorch.py).
Esta CLI toma como entrada un checkpoint de TensorFlow (tres archivos que comienzan con `bert_model.ckpt`) y el archivo de configuración asociado (`bert_config.json`), y crea un modelo PyTorch para esta configuración, carga los pesos del checkpoint de TensorFlow en el modelo de PyTorch y guarda el modelo resultante en un archivo estándar de PyTorch que se puede importar usando `from_pretrained()` (ve el ejemplo en [Tour rápido](quicktour), [run_glue.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/text-classification/run_glue.py)).
Solo necesitas ejecutar este script **una vez** para convertir un modelo a PyTorch. Después, puedes ignorar el checkpoint de TensorFlow (los tres archivos que comienzan con `bert_model.ckpt`), pero asegúrate de conservar el archivo de configuración (`bert_config.json`) y el archivo de vocabulario (`vocab.txt`) ya que estos también son necesarios para el modelo en PyTorch.
Para ejecutar este script deberás tener instalado TensorFlow y PyTorch (`pip install tensorflow`). El resto del repositorio solo requiere PyTorch.
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo `BERT-Base Uncased` pre-entrenado:
```bash
export BERT_BASE_DIR=/path/to/bert/uncased_L-12_H-768_A-12
transformers-cli convert --model_type bert \
--tf_checkpoint $BERT_BASE_DIR/bert_model.ckpt \
--config $BERT_BASE_DIR/bert_config.json \
--pytorch_dump_output $BERT_BASE_DIR/pytorch_model.bin
```
Puedes descargar los modelos pre-entrenados de Google para la conversión [aquí](https://github.com/google-research/bert#pre-trained-models).
## ALBERT
Convierte los checkpoints del modelo ALBERT de TensorFlow a PyTorch usando el script [convert_albert_original_tf_checkpoint_to_pytorch.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/src/transformers/models/albert/convert_albert_original_tf_checkpoint_to_pytorch.py).
La CLI toma como entrada un checkpoint de TensorFlow (tres archivos que comienzan con `model.ckpt-best`) y el archivo de configuración adjunto (`albert_config.json`), luego crea y guarda un modelo de PyTorch. Para ejecutar esta conversión deberás tener instalados TensorFlow y PyTorch.
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo `ALBERT Base` pre-entrenado:
```bash
export ALBERT_BASE_DIR=/path/to/albert/albert_base
transformers-cli convert --model_type albert \
--tf_checkpoint $ALBERT_BASE_DIR/model.ckpt-best \
--config $ALBERT_BASE_DIR/albert_config.json \
--pytorch_dump_output $ALBERT_BASE_DIR/pytorch_model.bin
```
Puedes descargar los modelos pre-entrenados de Google para la conversión [aquí](https://github.com/google-research/albert#pre-trained-models).
## OpenAI GPT
Este es un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo OpenAI GPT pre-entrenado, asumiendo que tu checkpoint de NumPy se guarda con el mismo formato que el modelo pre-entrenado de OpenAI (más información [aquí](https://github.com/openai/finetune-transformer-lm)):
```bash
export OPENAI_GPT_CHECKPOINT_FOLDER_PATH=/path/to/openai/pretrained/numpy/weights
transformers-cli convert --model_type gpt \
--tf_checkpoint $OPENAI_GPT_CHECKPOINT_FOLDER_PATH \
--pytorch_dump_output $PYTORCH_DUMP_OUTPUT \
[--config OPENAI_GPT_CONFIG] \
[--finetuning_task_name OPENAI_GPT_FINETUNED_TASK] \
```
## OpenAI GPT-2
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo OpenAI GPT-2 pre-entrenado (más información [aquí](https://github.com/openai/gpt-2)):
```bash
export OPENAI_GPT2_CHECKPOINT_PATH=/path/to/gpt2/pretrained/weights
transformers-cli convert --model_type gpt2 \
--tf_checkpoint $OPENAI_GPT2_CHECKPOINT_PATH \
--pytorch_dump_output $PYTORCH_DUMP_OUTPUT \
[--config OPENAI_GPT2_CONFIG] \
[--finetuning_task_name OPENAI_GPT2_FINETUNED_TASK]
```
## Transformer-XL
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo Transformer-XL pre-entrenado (más información [aquí](https://github.com/kimiyoung/transformer-xl/tree/master/tf#obtain-and-evaluate-pretrained-sota-models)):
```bash
export TRANSFO_XL_CHECKPOINT_FOLDER_PATH=/path/to/transfo/xl/checkpoint
transformers-cli convert --model_type transfo_xl \
--tf_checkpoint $TRANSFO_XL_CHECKPOINT_FOLDER_PATH \
--pytorch_dump_output $PYTORCH_DUMP_OUTPUT \
[--config TRANSFO_XL_CONFIG] \
[--finetuning_task_name TRANSFO_XL_FINETUNED_TASK]
```
## XLNet
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo XLNet pre-entrenado:
```bash
export TRANSFO_XL_CHECKPOINT_PATH=/path/to/xlnet/checkpoint
export TRANSFO_XL_CONFIG_PATH=/path/to/xlnet/config
transformers-cli convert --model_type xlnet \
--tf_checkpoint $TRANSFO_XL_CHECKPOINT_PATH \
--config $TRANSFO_XL_CONFIG_PATH \
--pytorch_dump_output $PYTORCH_DUMP_OUTPUT \
[--finetuning_task_name XLNET_FINETUNED_TASK] \
```
## XLM
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo XLM pre-entrenado:
```bash
export XLM_CHECKPOINT_PATH=/path/to/xlm/checkpoint
transformers-cli convert --model_type xlm \
--tf_checkpoint $XLM_CHECKPOINT_PATH \
--pytorch_dump_output $PYTORCH_DUMP_OUTPUT
[--config XML_CONFIG] \
[--finetuning_task_name XML_FINETUNED_TASK]
```
## T5
Aquí hay un ejemplo del proceso para convertir un modelo T5 pre-entrenado:
```bash
export T5=/path/to/t5/uncased_L-12_H-768_A-12
transformers-cli convert --model_type t5 \
--tf_checkpoint $T5/t5_model.ckpt \
--config $T5/t5_config.json \
--pytorch_dump_output $T5/pytorch_model.bin
```
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/custom_models.md | <!--Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Compartir modelos personalizados
La biblioteca 🤗 Transformers está diseñada para ser fácilmente ampliable. Cada modelo está completamente codificado
sin abstracción en una subcarpeta determinada del repositorio, por lo que puedes copiar fácilmente un archivo del modelo
y ajustarlo según tus necesidades.
Si estás escribiendo un modelo completamente nuevo, podría ser más fácil comenzar desde cero. En este tutorial, te mostraremos
cómo escribir un modelo personalizado y su configuración para que pueda usarse dentro de Transformers, y cómo puedes compartirlo
con la comunidad (con el código en el que se basa) para que cualquiera pueda usarlo, incluso si no está presente en la biblioteca
🤗 Transformers.
Ilustraremos todo esto con un modelo ResNet, envolviendo la clase ResNet de la [biblioteca timm](https://github.com/rwightman/pytorch-image-models) en un [`PreTrainedModel`].
## Escribir una configuración personalizada
Antes de adentrarnos en el modelo, primero escribamos su configuración. La configuración de un modelo es un objeto que
contendrá toda la información necesaria para construir el modelo. Como veremos en la siguiente sección, el modelo solo puede
tomar un `config` para ser inicializado, por lo que realmente necesitamos que ese objeto esté lo más completo posible.
En nuestro ejemplo, tomaremos un par de argumentos de la clase ResNet que tal vez queramos modificar. Las diferentes
configuraciones nos darán los diferentes tipos de ResNet que son posibles. Luego simplemente almacenamos esos argumentos
después de verificar la validez de algunos de ellos.
```python
from transformers import PretrainedConfig
from typing import List
class ResnetConfig(PretrainedConfig):
model_type = "resnet"
def __init__(
self,
block_type="bottleneck",
layers: List[int] = [3, 4, 6, 3],
num_classes: int = 1000,
input_channels: int = 3,
cardinality: int = 1,
base_width: int = 64,
stem_width: int = 64,
stem_type: str = "",
avg_down: bool = False,
**kwargs,
):
if block_type not in ["basic", "bottleneck"]:
raise ValueError(f"`block_type` must be 'basic' or bottleneck', got {block_type}.")
if stem_type not in ["", "deep", "deep-tiered"]:
raise ValueError(f"`stem_type` must be '', 'deep' or 'deep-tiered', got {stem_type}.")
self.block_type = block_type
self.layers = layers
self.num_classes = num_classes
self.input_channels = input_channels
self.cardinality = cardinality
self.base_width = base_width
self.stem_width = stem_width
self.stem_type = stem_type
self.avg_down = avg_down
super().__init__(**kwargs)
```
Las tres cosas importantes que debes recordar al escribir tu propia configuración son las siguientes:
- tienes que heredar de `PretrainedConfig`,
- el `__init__` de tu `PretrainedConfig` debe aceptar cualquier `kwargs`,
- esos `kwargs` deben pasarse a la superclase `__init__`.
La herencia es para asegurarte de obtener toda la funcionalidad de la biblioteca 🤗 Transformers, mientras que las otras dos
restricciones provienen del hecho de que una `PretrainedConfig` tiene más campos que los que estás configurando. Al recargar una
`config` con el método `from_pretrained`, esos campos deben ser aceptados por tu `config` y luego enviados a la superclase.
Definir un `model_type` para tu configuración (en este caso `model_type="resnet"`) no es obligatorio, a menos que quieras
registrar tu modelo con las clases automáticas (ver la última sección).
Una vez hecho esto, puedes crear y guardar fácilmente tu configuración como lo harías con cualquier otra configuración de un
modelo de la biblioteca. Así es como podemos crear una configuración resnet50d y guardarla:
```py
resnet50d_config = ResnetConfig(block_type="bottleneck", stem_width=32, stem_type="deep", avg_down=True)
resnet50d_config.save_pretrained("custom-resnet")
```
Esto guardará un archivo llamado `config.json` dentro de la carpeta `custom-resnet`. Luego puedes volver a cargar tu configuración
con el método `from_pretrained`:
```py
resnet50d_config = ResnetConfig.from_pretrained("custom-resnet")
```
También puedes usar cualquier otro método de la clase [`PretrainedConfig`], como [`~PretrainedConfig.push_to_hub`], para cargar
directamente tu configuración en el Hub.
## Escribir un modelo personalizado
Ahora que tenemos nuestra configuración de ResNet, podemos seguir escribiendo el modelo. En realidad escribiremos dos: una que
extrae las características ocultas de un grupo de imágenes (como [`BertModel`]) y una que es adecuada para clasificación de
imagenes (como [`BertForSequenceClassification`]).
Como mencionamos antes, solo escribiremos un envoltura (_wrapper_) libre del modelo para simplificar este ejemplo. Lo único que debemos
hacer antes de escribir esta clase es un mapeo entre los tipos de bloques y las clases de bloques reales. Luego se define el
modelo desde la configuración pasando todo a la clase `ResNet`:
```py
from transformers import PreTrainedModel
from timm.models.resnet import BasicBlock, Bottleneck, ResNet
from .configuration_resnet import ResnetConfig
BLOCK_MAPPING = {"basic": BasicBlock, "bottleneck": Bottleneck}
class ResnetModel(PreTrainedModel):
config_class = ResnetConfig
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__(config)
block_layer = BLOCK_MAPPING[config.block_type]
self.model = ResNet(
block_layer,
config.layers,
num_classes=config.num_classes,
in_chans=config.input_channels,
cardinality=config.cardinality,
base_width=config.base_width,
stem_width=config.stem_width,
stem_type=config.stem_type,
avg_down=config.avg_down,
)
def forward(self, tensor):
return self.model.forward_features(tensor)
```
Para el modelo que clasificará las imágenes, solo cambiamos el método de avance (es decir, el método `forward`):
```py
import torch
class ResnetModelForImageClassification(PreTrainedModel):
config_class = ResnetConfig
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__(config)
block_layer = BLOCK_MAPPING[config.block_type]
self.model = ResNet(
block_layer,
config.layers,
num_classes=config.num_classes,
in_chans=config.input_channels,
cardinality=config.cardinality,
base_width=config.base_width,
stem_width=config.stem_width,
stem_type=config.stem_type,
avg_down=config.avg_down,
)
def forward(self, tensor, labels=None):
logits = self.model(tensor)
if labels is not None:
loss = torch.nn.cross_entropy(logits, labels)
return {"loss": loss, "logits": logits}
return {"logits": logits}
```
En ambos casos, observa cómo heredamos de `PreTrainedModel` y llamamos a la inicialización de la superclase con `config`
(un poco como cuando escribes `torch.nn.Module`). La línea que establece `config_class` no es obligatoria, a menos
que quieras registrar tu modelo con las clases automáticas (consulta la última sección).
<Tip>
Si tu modelo es muy similar a un modelo dentro de la biblioteca, puedes reutilizar la misma configuración de ese modelo.
</Tip>
Puedes hacer que tu modelo devuelva lo que quieras, pero devolver un diccionario como lo hicimos para
`ResnetModelForImageClassification`, con el `loss` incluido cuando se pasan las etiquetas, hará que tu modelo se pueda
usar directamente dentro de la clase [`Trainer`]. Usar otro formato de salida está bien, siempre y cuando estés planeando usar
tu propio bucle de entrenamiento u otra biblioteca para el entrenamiento.
Ahora que tenemos nuestra clase, vamos a crear un modelo:
```py
resnet50d = ResnetModelForImageClassification(resnet50d_config)
```
Nuevamente, puedes usar cualquiera de los métodos de [`PreTrainedModel`], como [`~PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`] o
[`~PreTrainedModel.push_to_hub`]. Usaremos el segundo en la siguiente sección y veremos cómo pasar los pesos del modelo
con el código de nuestro modelo. Pero primero, carguemos algunos pesos previamente entrenados dentro de nuestro modelo.
En tu caso de uso, probablemente estarás entrenando tu modelo personalizado con tus propios datos. Para ir rápido en este
tutorial, usaremos la versión preentrenada de resnet50d. Dado que nuestro modelo es solo un envoltorio alrededor del resnet50d
original, será fácil transferir esos pesos:
```py
import timm
pretrained_model = timm.create_model("resnet50d", pretrained=True)
resnet50d.model.load_state_dict(pretrained_model.state_dict())
```
Ahora veamos cómo asegurarnos de que cuando hacemos [`~PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`] o [`~PreTrainedModel.push_to_hub`],
se guarda el código del modelo.
## Enviar el código al _Hub_
<Tip warning={true}>
Esta _API_ es experimental y puede tener algunos cambios leves en las próximas versiones.
</Tip>
Primero, asegúrate de que tu modelo esté completamente definido en un archivo `.py`. Puedes basarte en importaciones
relativas a otros archivos, siempre que todos los archivos estén en el mismo directorio (aún no admitimos submódulos
para esta característica). Para nuestro ejemplo, definiremos un archivo `modeling_resnet.py` y un archivo
`configuration_resnet.py` en una carpeta del directorio de trabajo actual llamado `resnet_model`. El archivo de configuración
contiene el código de `ResnetConfig` y el archivo del modelo contiene el código de `ResnetModel` y
`ResnetModelForImageClassification`.
```
.
└── resnet_model
├── __init__.py
├── configuration_resnet.py
└── modeling_resnet.py
```
El `__init__.py` puede estar vacío, solo está ahí para que Python detecte que `resnet_model` se puede usar como un módulo.
<Tip warning={true}>
Si copias archivos del modelo desde la biblioteca, deberás reemplazar todas las importaciones relativas en la parte superior
del archivo para importarlos desde el paquete `transformers`.
</Tip>
Ten en cuenta que puedes reutilizar (o subclasificar) una configuración o modelo existente.
Para compartir tu modelo con la comunidad, sigue estos pasos: primero importa el modelo y la configuración de ResNet desde
los archivos recién creados:
```py
from resnet_model.configuration_resnet import ResnetConfig
from resnet_model.modeling_resnet import ResnetModel, ResnetModelForImageClassification
```
Luego, debes decirle a la biblioteca que deseas copiar el código de esos objetos cuando usas el método `save_pretrained`
y registrarlos correctamente con una determinada clase automática (especialmente para modelos), simplemente ejecuta:
```py
ResnetConfig.register_for_auto_class()
ResnetModel.register_for_auto_class("AutoModel")
ResnetModelForImageClassification.register_for_auto_class("AutoModelForImageClassification")
```
Ten en cuenta que no es necesario especificar una clase automática para la configuración (solo hay una clase automática
para ellos, [`AutoConfig`]), pero es diferente para los modelos. Tu modelo personalizado podría ser adecuado para muchas
tareas diferentes, por lo que debes especificar cuál de las clases automáticas es la correcta para tu modelo.
A continuación, vamos a crear la configuración y los modelos como lo hicimos antes:
```py
resnet50d_config = ResnetConfig(block_type="bottleneck", stem_width=32, stem_type="deep", avg_down=True)
resnet50d = ResnetModelForImageClassification(resnet50d_config)
pretrained_model = timm.create_model("resnet50d", pretrained=True)
resnet50d.model.load_state_dict(pretrained_model.state_dict())
```
Ahora, para enviar el modelo al Hub, asegúrate de haber iniciado sesión. Ejecuta en tu terminal:
```bash
huggingface-cli login
```
o desde un _notebook_:
```py
from huggingface_hub import notebook_login
notebook_login()
```
Luego puedes ingresar a tu propio espacio (o una organización de la que seas miembro) de esta manera:
```py
resnet50d.push_to_hub("custom-resnet50d")
```
Además de los pesos del modelo y la configuración en formato json, esto también copió los archivos `.py` del modelo y la
configuración en la carpeta `custom-resnet50d` y subió el resultado al Hub. Puedes verificar el resultado en este
[repositorio de modelos](https://huggingface.co/sgugger/custom-resnet50d).
Consulta el tutorial sobre cómo [compartir modelos](model_sharing) para obtener más información sobre el método para subir modelos al Hub.
## Usar un modelo con código personalizado
Puedes usar cualquier configuración, modelo o _tokenizador_ con archivos de código personalizado en tu repositorio con las
clases automáticas y el método `from_pretrained`. Todos los archivos y códigos cargados en el Hub se analizan en busca de
malware (consulta la documentación de [seguridad del Hub](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/security#malware-scanning) para
obtener más información), pero aún debes revisar el código del modelo y el autor para evitar la ejecución de código malicioso
en tu computadora. Configura `trust_remote_code=True` para usar un modelo con código personalizado:
```py
from transformers import AutoModelForImageClassification
model = AutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained("sgugger/custom-resnet50d", trust_remote_code=True)
```
También se recomienda encarecidamente pasar un _hash_ de confirmación como una "revisión" para asegurarte de que el autor
de los modelos no actualizó el código con algunas líneas nuevas maliciosas (a menos que confíes plenamente en los autores
de los modelos).
```py
commit_hash = "ed94a7c6247d8aedce4647f00f20de6875b5b292"
model = AutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained(
"sgugger/custom-resnet50d", trust_remote_code=True, revision=commit_hash
)
```
Ten en cuenta que al navegar por el historial de confirmaciones del repositorio del modelo en Hub, hay un botón para copiar
fácilmente el hash de confirmación de cualquier _commit_.
## Registrar un model con código personalizado a las clases automáticas
Si estás escribiendo una biblioteca que amplía 🤗 Transformers, es posible que quieras ampliar las clases automáticas para
incluir tu propio modelo. Esto es diferente de enviar el código al Hub en el sentido de que los usuarios necesitarán importar
tu biblioteca para obtener los modelos personalizados (al contrario de descargar automáticamente el código del modelo desde Hub).
Siempre que tu configuración tenga un atributo `model_type` que sea diferente de los tipos de modelos existentes, y que tus
clases modelo tengan los atributos `config_class` correctos, puedes agregarlos a las clases automáticas de la siguiente manera:
```py
from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModel, AutoModelForImageClassification
AutoConfig.register("resnet", ResnetConfig)
AutoModel.register(ResnetConfig, ResnetModel)
AutoModelForImageClassification.register(ResnetConfig, ResnetModelForImageClassification)
```
Ten en cuenta que el primer argumento utilizado al registrar tu configuración personalizada en [`AutoConfig`] debe coincidir
con el `model_type` de tu configuración personalizada, y el primer argumento utilizado al registrar tus modelos personalizados
en cualquier clase del modelo automático debe coincidir con el `config_class ` de esos modelos.
| 0 |
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
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specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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-->
# Tour rápido
[[open-in-colab]]
¡Entra en marcha con los 🤗 Transformers! Comienza usando [`pipeline`] para una inferencia veloz, carga un modelo preentrenado y un tokenizador con una [AutoClass](./model_doc/auto) para resolver tu tarea de texto, visión o audio.
<Tip>
Todos los ejemplos de código presentados en la documentación tienen un botón arriba a la derecha para elegir si quieres ocultar o mostrar el código en Pytorch o TensorFlow.
Si no fuese así, se espera que el código funcione para ambos backends sin ningún cambio.
</Tip>
## Pipeline
[`pipeline`] es la forma más fácil de usar un modelo preentrenado para una tarea dada.
<Youtube id="tiZFewofSLM"/>
El [`pipeline`] soporta muchas tareas comunes listas para usar:
**Texto**:
* Análisis de Sentimiento (Sentiment Analysis, en inglés): clasifica la polaridad de un texto dado.
* Generación de Texto (Text Generation, en inglés): genera texto a partir de un input dado.
* Reconocimiento de Entidades (Name Entity Recognition o NER, en inglés): etiqueta cada palabra con la entidad que representa (persona, fecha, ubicación, etc.).
* Responder Preguntas (Question answering, en inglés): extrae la respuesta del contexto dado un contexto y una pregunta.
* Rellenar Máscara (Fill-mask, en inglés): rellena el espacio faltante dado un texto con palabras enmascaradas.
* Resumir (Summarization, en inglés): genera un resumen de una secuencia larga de texto o un documento.
* Traducción (Translation, en inglés): traduce un texto a otro idioma.
* Extracción de Características (Feature Extraction, en inglés): crea una representación tensorial del texto.
**Imagen**:
* Clasificación de Imágenes (Image Classification, en inglés): clasifica una imagen.
* Segmentación de Imágenes (Image Segmentation, en inglés): clasifica cada pixel de una imagen.
* Detección de Objetos (Object Detection, en inglés): detecta objetos dentro de una imagen.
**Audio**:
* Clasificación de Audios (Audio Classification, en inglés): asigna una etiqueta a un segmento de audio.
* Reconocimiento de Voz Automático (Automatic Speech Recognition o ASR, en inglés): transcribe datos de audio a un texto.
<Tip>
Para más detalles acerca del [`pipeline`] y tareas asociadas, consulta la documentación [aquí](./main_classes/pipelines).
</Tip>
### Uso del Pipeline
En el siguiente ejemplo, usarás el [`pipeline`] para análisis de sentimiento.
Instala las siguientes dependencias si aún no lo has hecho:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```bash
pip install torch
```
</pt>
<tf>
```bash
pip install tensorflow
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
Importa [`pipeline`] y especifica la tarea que deseas completar:
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> clasificador = pipeline("sentiment-analysis", model="pysentimiento/robertuito-sentiment-analysis")
```
El pipeline descarga y almacena en caché el [modelo preentrenado](https://huggingface.co/pysentimiento/robertuito-sentiment-analysis) y tokeniza para análisis de sentimiento. Si no hubieramos elegido un modelo el pipeline habría elegido uno por defecto. Ahora puedes usar `clasificador` en tu texto objetivo:
```py
>>> clasificador("Estamos muy felices de mostrarte la biblioteca de 🤗 Transformers.")
[{'label': 'POS', 'score': 0.9320}]
```
Para más de un enunciado, entrega una lista al [`pipeline`] que devolverá una lista de diccionarios:
El [`pipeline`] también puede iterar sobre un dataset entero. Comienza instalando la biblioteca [🤗 Datasets](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/):
```bash
pip install datasets
```
Crea un [`pipeline`] con la tarea que deseas resolver y el modelo que quieres usar. Coloca el parámetro `device` a `0` para poner los tensores en un dispositivo CUDA:
```py
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> reconocedor_de_voz = pipeline(
... "automatic-speech-recognition", model="jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-spanish", device=0
... )
```
A continuación, carga el dataset (ve 🤗 Datasets [Quick Start](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/quickstart.html) para más detalles) sobre el que quisieras iterar. Por ejemplo, vamos a cargar el dataset [MInDS-14](https://huggingface.co/datasets/PolyAI/minds14):
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset, Audio
>>> dataset = load_dataset("PolyAI/minds14", name="es-ES", split="train") # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
```
Debemos asegurarnos de que la frecuencia de muestreo del conjunto de datos coincide con la frecuencia de muestreo con la que se entrenó `jonatasgrosman/wav2vec2-large-xlsr-53-spanish`.
```py
>>> dataset = dataset.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=reconocedor_de_voz.feature_extractor.sampling_rate))
```
Los archivos de audio se cargan y remuestrean automáticamente cuando llamamos a la columna `"audio"`.
Extraigamos las matrices de onda cruda (raw waveform, en inglés) de las primeras 4 muestras y pasémosla como una lista al pipeline:
```py
>>> resultado = reconocedor_de_voz(dataset[:4]["audio"])
>>> print([d["text"] for d in resultado])
['ahora buenas eh a ver tengo un problema con vuestra aplicación resulta que que quiero hacer una transferencia bancaria a una cuenta conocida pero me da error la aplicación a ver que a ver que puede ser', 'la aplicación no cargue saldo de mi nueva cuenta', 'hola tengo un problema con la aplicación no carga y y tampoco veo que carga el saldo de mi cuenta nueva dice que la aplicación está siendo reparada y ahora no puedo acceder a mi cuenta no necesito inmediatamente', 'hora buena la aplicación no se carga la vida no carga el saldo de mi cuenta nueva dice que la villadenta siendo reparada y oro no puedo hacer a mi cuenta']
```
Para un dataset más grande, donde los inputs son de mayor tamaño (como en habla/audio o visión), querrás pasar un generador en lugar de una lista que carga todos los inputs en memoria. Ve la [documentación del pipeline](./main_classes/pipelines) para más información.
### Usa otro modelo y otro tokenizador en el pipeline
El [`pipeline`] puede acomodarse a cualquier modelo del [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models) haciendo más fácil adaptar el [`pipeline`] para otros casos de uso. Por ejemplo, si quisieras un modelo capaz de manejar texto en francés, usa los tags en el Model Hub para filtrar entre los modelos apropiados. El resultado mejor filtrado devuelve un [modelo BERT](https://huggingface.co/nlptown/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-sentiment) multilingual fine-tuned para el análisis de sentimiento. Genial, ¡vamos a usar este modelo!
```py
>>> model_name = "nlptown/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-sentiment"
```
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Usa [`AutoModelForSequenceClassification`] y ['AutoTokenizer'] para cargar un modelo preentrenado y un tokenizador asociado (más en un `AutoClass` debajo):
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
```
</pt>
<tf>
Usa [`TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification`] y ['AutoTokenizer'] para cargar un modelo preentrenado y un tokenizador asociado (más en un `TFAutoClass` debajo):
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
Después puedes especificar el modelo y el tokenizador en el [`pipeline`], y aplicar el `classifier` en tu texto objetivo:
```py
>>> classifier = pipeline("sentiment-analysis", model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer)
>>> classifier("Nous sommes très heureux de vous présenter la bibliothèque 🤗 Transformers.")
[{'label': '5 stars', 'score': 0.7273}]
```
Si no pudieras encontrar el modelo para tu caso respectivo de uso necesitarás ajustar un modelo preentrenado a tus datos. Mira nuestro [tutorial de fine-tuning](./training) para aprender cómo. Finalmente, después de que has ajustado tu modelo preentrenado, ¡por favor considera compartirlo (ve el tutorial [aquí](./model_sharing)) con la comunidad en el Model Hub para democratizar el NLP! 🤗
## AutoClass
<Youtube id="AhChOFRegn4"/>
Por debajo, las clases [`AutoModelForSequenceClassification`] y [`AutoTokenizer`] trabajan juntas para dar poder al [`pipeline`]. Una [AutoClass](./model_doc/auto) es un atajo que automáticamente recupera la arquitectura de un modelo preentrenado con su nombre o el path. Sólo necesitarás seleccionar el `AutoClass` apropiado para tu tarea y tu tokenizador asociado con [`AutoTokenizer`].
Regresemos a nuestro ejemplo y veamos cómo puedes usar el `AutoClass` para reproducir los resultados del [`pipeline`].
### AutoTokenizer
Un tokenizador es responsable de procesar el texto a un formato que sea entendible para el modelo. Primero, el tokenizador separará el texto en palabras llamadas *tokens*. Hay múltiples reglas que gobiernan el proceso de tokenización incluyendo el cómo separar una palabra y en qué nivel (aprende más sobre tokenización [aquí](./tokenizer_summary)). Lo más importante es recordar que necesitarás instanciar el tokenizador con el mismo nombre del modelo para asegurar que estás usando las mismas reglas de tokenización con las que el modelo fue preentrenado.
Carga un tokenizador con [`AutoTokenizer`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> nombre_del_modelo = "nlptown/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-sentiment"
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(nombre_del_modelo)
```
Después, el tokenizador convierte los tokens a números para construir un tensor que servirá como input para el modelo. Esto es conocido como el *vocabulario* del modelo.
Pasa tu texto al tokenizador:
```py
>>> encoding = tokenizer("Estamos muy felices de mostrarte la biblioteca de 🤗 Transformers.")
>>> print(encoding)
{'input_ids': [101, 10602, 14000, 13653, 43353, 10107, 10102, 47201, 10218, 10106, 18283, 10102, 100, 58263, 119, 102],
'token_type_ids': [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
'attention_mask': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]}
```
El tokenizador devolverá un diccionario conteniendo:
* [input_ids](./glossary#input-ids): representaciones numéricas de los tokens.
* [atttention_mask](.glossary#attention-mask): indica cuáles tokens deben ser atendidos.
Como con el [`pipeline`], el tokenizador aceptará una lista de inputs. Además, el tokenizador también puede rellenar (pad, en inglés) y truncar el texto para devolver un lote (batch, en inglés) de longitud uniforme:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```py
>>> pt_batch = tokenizer(
... ["We are very happy to show you the 🤗 Transformers library.", "We hope you don't hate it."],
... padding=True,
... truncation=True,
... max_length=512,
... return_tensors="pt",
... )
```
</pt>
<tf>
```py
>>> tf_batch = tokenizer(
... ["We are very happy to show you the 🤗 Transformers library.", "We hope you don't hate it."],
... padding=True,
... truncation=True,
... max_length=512,
... return_tensors="tf",
... )
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
Lee el tutorial de [preprocessing](./preprocessing) para más detalles acerca de la tokenización.
### AutoModel
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
🤗 Transformers provee una forma simple y unificada de cargar tus instancias preentrenadas. Esto significa que puedes cargar un [`AutoModel`] como cargarías un [`AutoTokenizer`]. La única diferencia es seleccionar el [`AutoModel`] correcto para la tarea. Ya que estás clasificando texto, o secuencias, carga [`AutoModelForSequenceClassification`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model_name = "nlptown/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-sentiment"
>>> pt_model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
```
<Tip>
Ve el [task summary](./task_summary) para revisar qué clase del [`AutoModel`] deberías usar para cada tarea.
</Tip>
Ahora puedes pasar tu lote (batch) preprocesado de inputs directamente al modelo. Solo tienes que desempacar el diccionario añadiendo `**`:
```py
>>> pt_outputs = pt_model(**pt_batch)
```
El modelo producirá las activaciones finales en el atributo `logits`. Aplica la función softmax a `logits` para obtener las probabilidades:
```py
>>> from torch import nn
>>> pt_predictions = nn.functional.softmax(pt_outputs.logits, dim=-1)
>>> print(pt_predictions)
tensor([[0.0021, 0.0018, 0.0115, 0.2121, 0.7725],
[0.2084, 0.1826, 0.1969, 0.1755, 0.2365]], grad_fn=<SoftmaxBackward0>)
```
</pt>
<tf>
🤗 Transformers provee una forma simple y unificada de cargar tus instancias preentrenadas. Esto significa que puedes cargar un [`TFAutoModel`] como cargarías un [`AutoTokenizer`]. La única diferencia es seleccionar el [`TFAutoModel`] correcto para la tarea. Ya que estás clasificando texto, o secuencias, carga [`TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model_name = "nlptown/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-sentiment"
>>> tf_model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
```
<Tip>
Ve el [task summary](./task_summary) para revisar qué clase del [`AutoModel`]
deberías usar para cada tarea.
</Tip>
Ahora puedes pasar tu lote preprocesado de inputs directamente al modelo pasando las llaves del diccionario directamente a los tensores:
```py
>>> tf_outputs = tf_model(tf_batch)
```
El modelo producirá las activaciones finales en el atributo `logits`. Aplica la función softmax a `logits` para obtener las probabilidades:
```py
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tf_predictions = tf.nn.softmax(tf_outputs.logits, axis=-1)
>>> print(tf.math.round(tf_predictions * 10**4) / 10**4)
tf.Tensor(
[[0.0021 0.0018 0.0116 0.2121 0.7725]
[0.2084 0.1826 0.1969 0.1755 0.2365]], shape=(2, 5), dtype=float32)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
<Tip>
Todos los modelos de 🤗 Transformers (PyTorch o TensorFlow) producirán los tensores *antes* de la función de activación
final (como softmax) porque la función de activación final es comúnmente fusionada con la pérdida.
</Tip>
Los modelos son [`torch.nn.Module`](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) o [`tf.keras.Model`](https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/Model) estándares así que podrás usarlos en tu training loop usual. Sin embargo, para facilitar las cosas, 🤗 Transformers provee una clase [`Trainer`] para PyTorch que añade funcionalidades para entrenamiento distribuido, precición mixta, y más. Para TensorFlow, puedes usar el método `fit` desde [Keras](https://keras.io/). Consulta el [tutorial de entrenamiento](./training) para más detalles.
<Tip>
Los outputs del modelo de 🤗 Transformers son dataclasses especiales por lo que sus atributos pueden ser completados en un IDE.
Los outputs del modelo también se comportan como tuplas o diccionarios (e.g., puedes indexar con un entero, un slice o una cadena) en cuyo caso los atributos que son `None` son ignorados.
</Tip>
### Guarda un modelo
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Una vez que se haya hecho fine-tuning a tu modelo puedes guardarlo con tu tokenizador usando [`PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> pt_save_directory = "./pt_save_pretrained"
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained(pt_save_directory) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> pt_model.save_pretrained(pt_save_directory)
```
Cuando quieras usar el modelo otra vez cárgalo con [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> pt_model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("./pt_save_pretrained")
```
</pt>
<tf>
Una vez que se haya hecho fine-tuning a tu modelo puedes guardarlo con tu tokenizador usando [`TFPreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> tf_save_directory = "./tf_save_pretrained"
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained(tf_save_directory) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> tf_model.save_pretrained(tf_save_directory)
```
Cuando quieras usar el modelo otra vez cárgalo con [`TFPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> tf_model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("./tf_save_pretrained")
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
Una característica particularmente interesante de 🤗 Transformers es la habilidad de guardar el modelo y cargarlo como un modelo de PyTorch o TensorFlow. El parámetro `from_pt` o `from_tf` puede convertir el modelo de un framework al otro:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(tf_save_directory)
>>> pt_model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(tf_save_directory, from_tf=True)
```
</pt>
<tf>
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(pt_save_directory)
>>> tf_model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(pt_save_directory, from_pt=True)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/run_scripts.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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# Entrenamiento con scripts
Junto con los [notebooks](./noteboks/README) de 🤗 Transformers, también hay scripts con ejemplos que muestran cómo entrenar un modelo para una tarea en [PyTorch](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch), [TensorFlow](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/tensorflow), o [JAX/Flax](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/flax).
También encontrarás scripts que hemos usado en nuestros [proyectos de investigación](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects) y [ejemplos pasados](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/legacy) que en su mayoría son aportados por la comunidad. Estos scripts no se mantienen activamente y requieren una versión específica de 🤗 Transformers que probablemente sea incompatible con la última versión de la biblioteca.
No se espera que los scripts de ejemplo funcionen de inmediato en todos los problemas, y es posible que debas adaptar el script al problema que estás tratando de resolver. Para ayudarte con esto, la mayoría de los scripts exponen completamente cómo se preprocesan los datos, lo que te permite editarlos según sea necesario para tu caso de uso.
Para cualquier característica que te gustaría implementar en un script de ejemplo, por favor discútelo en el [foro](https://discuss.huggingface.co/) o con un [issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues) antes de enviar un Pull Request. Si bien agradecemos las correcciones de errores, es poco probable que fusionemos un Pull Request que agregue más funcionalidad a costa de la legibilidad.
Esta guía te mostrará cómo ejecutar un ejemplo de un script de entrenamiento para resumir texto en [PyTorch](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/summarization) y [TensorFlow](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/tensorflow/summarization). Se espera que todos los ejemplos funcionen con ambos frameworks a menos que se especifique lo contrario.
## Configuración
Para ejecutar con éxito la última versión de los scripts de ejemplo debes **instalar 🤗 Transformers desde su fuente** en un nuevo entorno virtual:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
cd transformers
pip install .
```
Para versiones anteriores de los scripts de ejemplo, haz clic en alguno de los siguientes links:
<details>
<summary>Ejemplos de versiones anteriores de 🤗 Transformers</summary>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.5.1/examples">v4.5.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.4.2/examples">v4.4.2</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.3.3/examples">v4.3.3</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.2.2/examples">v4.2.2</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.1.1/examples">v4.1.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v4.0.1/examples">v4.0.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.5.1/examples">v3.5.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.4.0/examples">v3.4.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.3.1/examples">v3.3.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.2.0/examples">v3.2.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.1.0/examples">v3.1.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v3.0.2/examples">v3.0.2</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.11.0/examples">v2.11.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.10.0/examples">v2.10.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.9.1/examples">v2.9.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.8.0/examples">v2.8.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.7.0/examples">v2.7.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.6.0/examples">v2.6.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.5.1/examples">v2.5.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.4.0/examples">v2.4.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.3.0/examples">v2.3.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.2.0/examples">v2.2.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.1.0/examples">v2.1.1</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v2.0.0/examples">v2.0.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v1.2.0/examples">v1.2.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v1.1.0/examples">v1.1.0</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/v1.0.0/examples">v1.0.0</a></li>
</ul>
</details>
Luego cambia tu clon actual de 🤗 Transformers a una versión específica, por ejemplo v3.5.1:
```bash
git checkout tags/v3.5.1
```
Una vez que hayas configurado la versión correcta de la biblioteca, ve a la carpeta de ejemplo de tu elección e instala los requisitos específicos del ejemplo:
```bash
pip install -r requirements.txt
```
## Ejecutar un script
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
El script de ejemplo descarga y preprocesa un conjunto de datos de la biblioteca 🤗 [Datasets](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/). Luego, el script ajusta un conjunto de datos con [Trainer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/trainer) en una arquitectura que soporta la tarea de resumen. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo ajustar un [T5-small](https://huggingface.co/t5-small) en el conjunto de datos [CNN/DailyMail](https://huggingface.co/datasets/cnn_dailymail). El modelo T5 requiere un argumento adicional `source_prefix` debido a cómo fue entrenado. Este aviso le permite a T5 saber que se trata de una tarea de resumir.
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
</pt>
<tf>
El script de ejemplo descarga y preprocesa un conjunto de datos de la biblioteca 🤗 [Datasets](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/). Luego, el script ajusta un conjunto de datos utilizando Keras en una arquitectura que soporta la tarea de resumir. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo ajustar un [T5-small](https://huggingface.co/t5-small) en el conjunto de datos [CNN/DailyMail](https://huggingface.co/datasets/cnn_dailymail). El modelo T5 requiere un argumento adicional `source_prefix` debido a cómo fue entrenado. Este aviso le permite a T5 saber que se trata de una tarea de resumir.
```bash
python examples/tensorflow/summarization/run_summarization.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size 8 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size 16 \
--num_train_epochs 3 \
--do_train \
--do_eval
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Entrenamiento distribuido y de precisión mixta
[Trainer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/trainer) admite un entrenamiento distribuido y de precisión mixta, lo que significa que también puedes usarlo en un script. Para habilitar ambas características:
- Agrega el argumento `fp16` para habilitar la precisión mixta.
- Establece la cantidad de GPU que se usará con el argumento `nproc_per_node`.
```bash
python -m torch.distributed.launch \
--nproc_per_node 8 pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py \
--fp16 \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
Los scripts de TensorFlow utilizan [`MirroredStrategy`](https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/distributed_training#mirroredstrategy) para el entrenamiento distribuido, y no es necesario agregar argumentos adicionales al script de entrenamiento. El script de TensorFlow utilizará múltiples GPUs de forma predeterminada si están disponibles.
## Ejecutar un script en una TPU
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Las Unidades de Procesamiento de Tensor (TPUs) están diseñadas específicamente para acelerar el rendimiento. PyTorch admite TPU con el compilador de aprendizaje profundo [XLA](https://www.tensorflow.org/xla) (consulta [aquí](https://github.com/pytorch/xla/blob/master/README.md) para obtener más detalles). Para usar una TPU, inicia el script `xla_spawn.py` y usa el argumento `num_cores` para establecer la cantidad de núcleos de TPU que deseas usar.
```bash
python xla_spawn.py --num_cores 8 \
summarization/run_summarization.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
</pt>
<tf>
Las Unidades de Procesamiento de Tensor (TPUs) están diseñadas específicamente para acelerar el rendimiento. TensorFlow utiliza [`TPUStrategy`](https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/distributed_training#tpustrategy) para entrenar en TPUs. Para usar una TPU, pasa el nombre del recurso de la TPU al argumento `tpu`
```bash
python run_summarization.py \
--tpu name_of_tpu_resource \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size 8 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size 16 \
--num_train_epochs 3 \
--do_train \
--do_eval
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Ejecutar un script con 🤗 Accelerate
🤗 [Accelerate](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate) es una biblioteca exclusiva de PyTorch que ofrece un método unificado para entrenar un modelo en varios tipos de configuraciones (solo CPU, GPU múltiples, TPU) mientras mantiene una visibilidad completa en el ciclo de entrenamiento de PyTorch. Asegúrate de tener 🤗 Accelerate instalado si aún no lo tienes:
> Nota: Como Accelerate se está desarrollando rápidamente, debes instalar la versión git de Accelerate para ejecutar los scripts
```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate
```
En lugar del script `run_summarization.py`, debes usar el script `run_summarization_no_trainer.py`. Los scripts compatibles con 🤗 Accelerate tendrán un archivo `task_no_trainer.py` en la carpeta. Comienza ejecutando el siguiente comando para crear y guardar un archivo de configuración:
```bash
accelerate config
```
Prueba tu configuración para asegurarte que está configurada correctamente:
```bash
accelerate test
```
Todo listo para iniciar el entrenamiento:
```bash
accelerate launch run_summarization_no_trainer.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir ~/tmp/tst-summarization
```
## Usar un conjunto de datos personalizado
El script de la tarea resumir admite conjuntos de datos personalizados siempre que sean un archivo CSV o JSON Line. Cuando uses tu propio conjunto de datos, necesitas especificar varios argumentos adicionales:
- `train_file` y `validation_file` especifican la ruta a tus archivos de entrenamiento y validación.
- `text_column` es el texto de entrada para resumir.
- `summary_column` es el texto de destino para la salida.
Un script para resumir que utiliza un conjunto de datos personalizado se vera así:
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--train_file path_to_csv_or_jsonlines_file \
--validation_file path_to_csv_or_jsonlines_file \
--text_column text_column_name \
--summary_column summary_column_name \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--predict_with_generate
```
## Prueba un script
A veces, es una buena idea ejecutar tu secuencia de comandos en una cantidad menor de ejemplos para asegurarte de que todo funciona como se espera antes de comprometerte con un conjunto de datos completo, lo que puede demorar horas en completarse. Utiliza los siguientes argumentos para truncar el conjunto de datos a un número máximo de muestras:
- `max_train_samples`
- `max_eval_samples`
- `max_predict_samples`
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py \
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--max_train_samples 50 \
--max_eval_samples 50 \
--max_predict_samples 50 \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
No todos los scripts de ejemplo admiten el argumento `max_predict_samples`. Puede que desconozcas si la secuencia de comandos admite este argumento, agrega `-h` para verificar:
```bash
examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py -h
```
## Reanudar el entrenamiento desde el punto de control
Otra opción útil para habilitar es reanudar el entrenamiento desde un punto de control anterior. Esto asegurará que puedas continuar donde lo dejaste sin comenzar de nuevo si tu entrenamiento se interrumpe. Hay dos métodos para reanudar el entrenamiento desde un punto de control.
El primer método utiliza el argumento `output_dir previous_output_dir` para reanudar el entrenamiento desde el último punto de control almacenado en `output_dir`. En este caso, debes eliminar `overwrite_output_dir`:
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--output_dir previous_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
El segundo método utiliza el argumento `resume_from_checkpoint path_to_specific_checkpoint` para reanudar el entrenamiento desde una carpeta de punto de control específica.
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--resume_from_checkpoint path_to_specific_checkpoint \
--predict_with_generate
```
## Comparte tu modelo
Todos los scripts pueden cargar tu modelo final en el [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models). Asegúrate de haber iniciado sesión en Hugging Face antes de comenzar:
```bash
huggingface-cli login
```
Luego agrega el argumento `push_to_hub` al script. Este argumento creará un repositorio con tu nombre de usuario Hugging Face y el nombre de la carpeta especificado en `output_dir`.
Para darle a tu repositorio un nombre específico, usa el argumento `push_to_hub_model_id` para añadirlo. El repositorio se incluirá automáticamente en tu namespace.
El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo cargar un modelo con un nombre de repositorio específico:
```bash
python examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py
--model_name_or_path t5-small \
--do_train \
--do_eval \
--dataset_name cnn_dailymail \
--dataset_config "3.0.0" \
--source_prefix "summarize: " \
--push_to_hub \
--push_to_hub_model_id finetuned-t5-cnn_dailymail \
--output_dir /tmp/tst-summarization \
--per_device_train_batch_size=4 \
--per_device_eval_batch_size=4 \
--overwrite_output_dir \
--predict_with_generate
```
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# 🤗 Transformers
Machine Learning de última generación para PyTorch, TensorFlow y JAX.
🤗 Transformers proporciona APIs para descargar y entrenar fácilmente modelos preentrenados de última generación. El uso de modelos preentrenados puede reducir tus costos de cómputo, tu huella de carbono y ahorrarte tiempo al entrenar un modelo desde cero. Los modelos se pueden utilizar en diferentes modalidades, tales como:
* 📝 Texto: clasificación de texto, extracción de información, respuesta a preguntas, resumir, traducción y generación de texto en más de 100 idiomas.
* 🖼️ Imágenes: clasificación de imágenes, detección de objetos y segmentación.
* 🗣️ Audio: reconocimiento de voz y clasificación de audio.
* 🐙 Multimodal: respuesta a preguntas en tablas, reconocimiento óptico de caracteres, extracción de información de documentos escaneados, clasificación de videos y respuesta visual a preguntas.
Nuestra biblioteca admite una integración perfecta entre tres de las bibliotecas de deep learning más populares: [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/), [TensorFlow](https://www.tensorflow.org/) y [JAX](https://jax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/). Entrena tu modelo con tres líneas de código en un framework y cárgalo para inferencia con otro.
Cada arquitectura de 🤗 Transformers se define en un módulo de Python independiente para que se puedan personalizar fácilmente para investigación y experimentos.
## Si estás buscando soporte personalizado del equipo de Hugging Face
<a target="_blank" href="https://huggingface.co/support">
<img alt="HuggingFace Expert Acceleration Program" src="https://huggingface.co/front/thumbnails/support.png" style="width: 100%; max-width: 600px; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);">
</a>
## Contenidos
La documentación está organizada en cuatro partes:
- **EMPEZAR** contiene un recorrido rápido e instrucciones de instalación para comenzar a usar 🤗 Transformers.
- **TUTORIALES** es un excelente lugar para comenzar. Esta sección te ayudará a obtener las habilidades básicas que necesitas para comenzar a usar 🤗 Transformers.
- **GUÍAS PRÁCTICAS** te mostrará cómo lograr un objetivo específico, cómo hacer fine-tuning a un modelo preentrenado para el modelado de lenguaje o cómo crear un cabezal para un modelo personalizado.
- **GUÍAS CONCEPTUALES** proporciona más discusión y explicación de los conceptos e ideas subyacentes detrás de los modelos, las tareas y la filosofía de diseño de 🤗 Transformers.
La biblioteca actualmente contiene implementaciones de JAX, PyTorch y TensorFlow, pesos de modelos preentrenados, scripts de uso y utilidades de conversión para los siguientes modelos.
### Modelos compatibles
<!--This list is updated automatically from the README with _make fix-copies_. Do not update manually! -->
1. **[ALBERT](model_doc/albert)** (de Google Research y el Instituto Tecnológico de Toyota en Chicago) publicado con el paper [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942), por Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut.
1. **[ALIGN](model_doc/align)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05918) por Chao Jia, Yinfei Yang, Ye Xia, Yi-Ting Chen, Zarana Parekh, Hieu Pham, Quoc V. Le, Yunhsuan Sung, Zhen Li, Tom Duerig.
1. **[BART](model_doc/bart)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13461) por Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Ves Stoyanov y Luke Zettlemoyer.
1. **[BARThez](model_doc/barthez)** (de École polytechnique) publicado con el paper [BARThez: a Skilled Pretrained French Sequence-to-Sequence Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12321) por Moussa Kamal Eddine, Antoine J.-P. Tixier, Michalis Vazirgiannis.
1. **[BARTpho](model_doc/bartpho)** (de VinAI Research) publicado con el paper [BARTpho: Pre-trained Sequence-to-Sequence Models for Vietnamese](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.09701) por Nguyen Luong Tran, Duong Minh Le y Dat Quoc Nguyen.
1. **[BEiT](model_doc/beit)** (de Microsoft) publicado con el paper [BEiT: BERT Pre-Training of Image Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.08254) por Hangbo Bao, Li Dong, Furu Wei.
1. **[BERT](model_doc/bert)** (de Google) publicado con el paper [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805) por Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee y Kristina Toutanova.
1. **[BERTweet](model_doc/bertweet)** (de VinAI Research) publicado con el paper [BERTweet: A pre-trained language model for English Tweets](https://aclanthology.org/2020.emnlp-demos.2/) por Dat Quoc Nguyen, Thanh Vu y Anh Tuan Nguyen.
1. **[BERT For Sequence Generation](model_doc/bert-generation)** (de Google) publicado con el paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) por Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
1. **[BigBird-RoBERTa](model_doc/big_bird)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14062) por Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed.
1. **[BigBird-Pegasus](model_doc/bigbird_pegasus)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14062) por Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed.
1. **[Blenderbot](model_doc/blenderbot)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13637) por Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston.
1. **[BlenderbotSmall](model_doc/blenderbot-small)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13637) por Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston.
1. **[BORT](model_doc/bort)** (de Alexa) publicado con el paper [Optimal Subarchitecture Extraction For BERT](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.10499) por Adrian de Wynter y Daniel J. Perry.
1. **[ByT5](model_doc/byt5)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.13626) por Linting Xue, Aditya Barua, Noah Constant, Rami Al-Rfou, Sharan Narang, Mihir Kale, Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel.
1. **[CamemBERT](model_doc/camembert)** (de Inria/Facebook/Sorbonne) publicado con el paper [CamemBERT: a Tasty French Language Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.03894) por Louis Martin*, Benjamin Muller*, Pedro Javier Ortiz Suárez*, Yoann Dupont, Laurent Romary, Éric Villemonte de la Clergerie, Djamé Seddah y Benoît Sagot.
1. **[CANINE](model_doc/canine)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [CANINE: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06874) por Jonathan H. Clark, Dan Garrette, Iulia Turc, John Wieting.
1. **[ConvNeXT](model_doc/convnext)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [A ConvNet for the 2020s](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03545) por Zhuang Liu, Hanzi Mao, Chao-Yuan Wu, Christoph Feichtenhofer, Trevor Darrell, Saining Xie.
1. **[ConvNeXTV2](model_doc/convnextv2)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [ConvNeXt V2: Co-designing and Scaling ConvNets with Masked Autoencoders](https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00808) por Sanghyun Woo, Shoubhik Debnath, Ronghang Hu, Xinlei Chen, Zhuang Liu, In So Kweon, Saining Xie.
1. **[CLIP](model_doc/clip)** (de OpenAI) publicado con el paper [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020) por Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, Gretchen Krueger, Ilya Sutskever.
1. **[ConvBERT](model_doc/convbert)** (de YituTech) publicado con el paper [ConvBERT: Improving BERT with Span-based Dynamic Convolution](https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.02496) por Zihang Jiang, Weihao Yu, Daquan Zhou, Yunpeng Chen, Jiashi Feng, Shuicheng Yan.
1. **[CPM](model_doc/cpm)** (de Universidad de Tsinghua) publicado con el paper [CPM: A Large-scale Generative Chinese Pre-trained Language Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00413) por Zhengyan Zhang, Xu Han, Hao Zhou, Pei Ke, Yuxian Gu, Deming Ye, Yujia Qin, Yusheng Su, Haozhe Ji, Jian Guan, Fanchao Qi, Xiaozhi Wang, Yanan Zheng, Guoyang Zeng, Huanqi Cao, Shengqi Chen, Daixuan Li, Zhenbo Sun, Zhiyuan Liu, Minlie Huang, Wentao Han, Jie Tang, Juanzi Li, Xiaoyan Zhu, Maosong Sun.
1. **[CTRL](model_doc/ctrl)** (de Salesforce) publicado con el paper [CTRL: A Conditional Transformer Language Model for Controllable Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05858) por Nitish Shirish Keskar*, Bryan McCann*, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong y Richard Socher.
1. **[Data2Vec](model_doc/data2vec)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Data2Vec: A General Framework for Self-supervised Learning in Speech, Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.03555) por Alexei Baevski, Wei-Ning Hsu, Qiantong Xu, Arun Babu, Jiatao Gu, Michael Auli.
1. **[DeBERTa](model_doc/deberta)** (de Microsoft) publicado con el paper [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) por Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen.
1. **[DeBERTa-v2](model_doc/deberta-v2)** (de Microsoft) publicado con el paper [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) por Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen.
1. **[Decision Transformer](model_doc/decision_transformer)** (de Berkeley/Facebook/Google) publicado con el paper [Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.01345) por Lili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee, Aditya Grover, Michael Laskin, Pieter Abbeel, Aravind Srinivas, Igor Mordatch.
1. **[DiT](model_doc/dit)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [DiT: Self-supervised Pre-training for Document Image Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.02378) por Junlong Li, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei.
1. **[DeiT](model_doc/deit)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.12877) por Hugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Matthijs Douze, Francisco Massa, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Hervé Jégou.
1. **[DETR](model_doc/detr)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12872) por Nicolas Carion, Francisco Massa, Gabriel Synnaeve, Nicolas Usunier, Alexander Kirillov, Sergey Zagoruyko.
1. **[DialoGPT](model_doc/dialogpt)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.00536) por Yizhe Zhang, Siqi Sun, Michel Galley, Yen-Chun Chen, Chris Brockett, Xiang Gao, Jianfeng Gao, Jingjing Liu, Bill Dolan.
1. **[DistilBERT](model_doc/distilbert)** (de HuggingFace), publicado junto con el paper [DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108) por Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut y Thomas Wolf. Se ha aplicado el mismo método para comprimir GPT2 en [DistilGPT2](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation), RoBERTa en [DistilRoBERTa](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation), BERT multilingüe en [DistilmBERT](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation) y una versión alemana de DistilBERT.
1. **[DPR](model_doc/dpr)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04906) por Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Oğuz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, y Wen-tau Yih.
1. **[DPT](master/model_doc/dpt)** (de Intel Labs) publicado con el paper [Vision Transformers for Dense Prediction](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.13413) por René Ranftl, Alexey Bochkovskiy, Vladlen Koltun.
1. **[EfficientNet](model_doc/efficientnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11946) by Mingxing Tan and Quoc V. Le.
1. **[EncoderDecoder](model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) por Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
1. **[ELECTRA](model_doc/electra)** (de Google Research/Universidad de Stanford) publicado con el paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) por Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
1. **[FlauBERT](model_doc/flaubert)** (de CNRS) publicado con el paper [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) por Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
1. **[FNet](model_doc/fnet)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) por James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
1. **[Funnel Transformer](model_doc/funnel)** (de CMU/Google Brain) publicado con el paper [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) por Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
1. **[GLPN](model_doc/glpn)** (de KAIST) publicado con el paper [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) por Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.
1. **[GPT](model_doc/openai-gpt)** (de OpenAI) publicado con el paper [Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training](https://blog.openai.com/language-unsupervised/) por Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans y Ilya Sutskever.
1. **[GPT-2](model_doc/gpt2)** (de OpenAI) publicado con el paper [Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners](https://blog.openai.com/better-language-models/) por Alec Radford*, Jeffrey Wu*, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei** y Ilya Sutskever**.
1. **[GPT-J](model_doc/gptj)** (de EleutherAI) publicado con el repositorio [kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax](https://github.com/kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax/) por Ben Wang y Aran Komatsuzaki.
1. **[GPT Neo](model_doc/gpt_neo)** (de EleutherAI) publicado en el paper [EleutherAI/gpt-neo](https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neo) por Sid Black, Stella Biderman, Leo Gao, Phil Wang y Connor Leahy.
1. **[GPTSAN-japanese](model_doc/gptsan-japanese)** released with [GPTSAN](https://github.com/tanreinama/GPTSAN) by Toshiyuki Sakamoto (tanreinama).
1. **[Hubert](model_doc/hubert)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning por Masked Prediction of Hidden Units](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07447) por Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
1. **[I-BERT](model_doc/ibert)** (de Berkeley) publicado con el paper [I-BERT: Integer-only BERT Quantization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.01321) por Sehoon Kim, Amir Gholami, Zhewei Yao, Michael W. Mahoney, Kurt Keutzer.
1. **[ImageGPT](model_doc/imagegpt)** (de OpenAI) publicado con el paper [Generative Pretraining from Pixels](https://openai.com/blog/image-gpt/) por Mark Chen, Alec Radford, Rewon Child, Jeffrey Wu, Heewoo Jun, David Luan, Ilya Sutskever.
1. **[LayoutLM](model_doc/layoutlm)** (de Microsoft Research Asia) publicado con el paper [LayoutLM: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Document Image Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.13318) por Yiheng Xu, Minghao Li, Lei Cui, Shaohan Huang, Furu Wei, Ming Zhou.
1. **[LayoutLMv2](model_doc/layoutlmv2)** (de Microsoft Research Asia) publicado con el paper [LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-Rich Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.14740) por Yang Xu, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Furu Wei, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Wanxiang Che, Min Zhang, Lidong Zhou.
1. **[LayoutXLM](model_doc/layoutxlm)** (de Microsoft Research Asia) publicado con el paper [LayoutXLM: Multimodal Pre-training for Multilingual Visually-rich Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.08836) por Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei.
1. **[LED](model_doc/led)** (de AllenAI) publicado con el paper [Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05150) por Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan.
1. **[Longformer](model_doc/longformer)** (de AllenAI) publicado con el paper [Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05150) por Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan.
1. **[LUKE](model_doc/luke)** (de Studio Ousia) publicado con el paper [LUKE: Deep Contextualized Entity Representations with Entity-aware Self-attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01057) por Ikuya Yamada, Akari Asai, Hiroyuki Shindo, Hideaki Takeda, Yuji Matsumoto.
1. **[mLUKE](model_doc/mluke)** (de Studio Ousia) publicado con el paper [mLUKE: The Power of Entity Representations in Multilingual Pretrained Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08151) por Ryokan Ri, Ikuya Yamada, y Yoshimasa Tsuruoka.
1. **[LXMERT](model_doc/lxmert)** (de UNC Chapel Hill) publicado con el paper [LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformers for Open-Domain Question Answering](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.07490) por Hao Tan y Mohit Bansal.
1. **[M2M100](model_doc/m2m_100)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11125) por Angela Fan, Shruti Bhosale, Holger Schwenk, Zhiyi Ma, Ahmed El-Kishky, Siddharth Goyal, Mandeep Baines, Onur Celebi, Guillaume Wenzek, Vishrav Chaudhary, Naman Goyal, Tom Birch, Vitaliy Liptchinsky, Sergey Edunov, Edouard Grave, Michael Auli, Armand Joulin.
1. **[MarianMT](model_doc/marian)** Modelos de traducción automática entrenados usando [OPUS](http://opus.nlpl.eu/) data por Jörg Tiedemann. El [Marian Framework](https://marian-nmt.github.io/) está siendo desarrollado por el equipo de traductores de Microsoft.
1. **[Mask2Former](model_doc/mask2former)** (de FAIR y UIUC) publicado con el paper [Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.01527) por Bowen Cheng, Ishan Misra, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov, Rohit Girdhar.
1. **[MaskFormer](model_doc/maskformer)** (de Meta y UIUC) publicado con el paper [Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.06278) por Bowen Cheng, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov.
1. **[MBart](model_doc/mbart)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Multilingual Denoising Pre-training for Neural Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.08210) por Yinhan Liu, Jiatao Gu, Naman Goyal, Xian Li, Sergey Edunov, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer.
1. **[MBart-50](model_doc/mbart)** (de Facebook) publicado con el paper [Multilingual Translation with Extensible Multilingual Pretraining and Finetuning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.00401) por Yuqing Tang, Chau Tran, Xian Li, Peng-Jen Chen, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Jiatao Gu, Angela Fan.
1. **[Megatron-BERT](model_doc/megatron-bert)** (de NVIDIA) publicado con el paper [Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08053) por Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper y Bryan Catanzaro.
1. **[Megatron-GPT2](model_doc/megatron_gpt2)** (de NVIDIA) publicado con el paper [Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08053) por Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper y Bryan Catanzaro.
1. **[MPNet](model_doc/mpnet)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09297) por Kaitao Song, Xu Tan, Tao Qin, Jianfeng Lu, Tie-Yan Liu.
1. **[MT5](model_doc/mt5)** (de Google AI) publicado con el paper [mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11934) por Linting Xue, Noah Constant, Adam Roberts, Mihir Kale, Rami Al-Rfou, Aditya Siddhant, Aditya Barua, Colin Raffel.
1. **[Nyströmformer](model_doc/nystromformer)** (de la Universidad de Wisconsin - Madison) publicado con el paper [Nyströmformer: A Nyström-Based Algorithm for Approximating Self-Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.03902) por Yunyang Xiong, Zhanpeng Zeng, Rudrasis Chakraborty, Mingxing Tan, Glenn Fung, Yin Li, Vikas Singh.
1. **[OneFormer](model_doc/oneformer)** (de la SHI Labs) publicado con el paper [OneFormer: One Transformer to Rule Universal Image Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06220) por Jitesh Jain, Jiachen Li, MangTik Chiu, Ali Hassani, Nikita Orlov, Humphrey Shi.
1. **[Pegasus](model_doc/pegasus)** (de Google) publicado con el paper [PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.08777) por Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh y Peter J. Liu.
1. **[Perceiver IO](model_doc/perceiver)** (de Deepmind) publicado con el paper [Perceiver IO: A General Architecture for Structured Inputs & Outputs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.14795) por Andrew Jaegle, Sebastian Borgeaud, Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Carl Doersch, Catalin Ionescu, David Ding, Skanda Koppula, Daniel Zoran, Andrew Brock, Evan Shelhamer, Olivier Hénaff, Matthew M. Botvinick, Andrew Zisserman, Oriol Vinyals, João Carreira.
1. **[PhoBERT](model_doc/phobert)** (de VinAI Research) publicado con el paper [PhoBERT: Pre-trained language models for Vietnamese](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.findings-emnlp.92/) por Dat Quoc Nguyen y Anh Tuan Nguyen.
1. **[PLBart](model_doc/plbart)** (de UCLA NLP) publicado con el paper [Unified Pre-training for Program Understanding and Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06333) por Wasi Uddin Ahmad, Saikat Chakraborty, Baishakhi Ray, Kai-Wei Chang.
1. **[PoolFormer](model_doc/poolformer)** (de Sea AI Labs) publicado con el paper [MetaFormer is Actually What You Need for Vision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.11418) por Yu, Weihao y Luo, Mi y Zhou, Pan y Si, Chenyang y Zhou, Yichen y Wang, Xinchao y Feng, Jiashi y Yan, Shuicheng.
1. **[ProphetNet](model_doc/prophetnet)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04063) por Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang y Ming Zhou.
1. **[QDQBert](model_doc/qdqbert)** (de NVIDIA) publicado con el paper [Integer Quantization for Deep Learning Inference: Principles and Empirical Evaluation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09602) por Hao Wu, Patrick Judd, Xiaojie Zhang, Mikhail Isaev y Paulius Micikevicius.
1. **[REALM](model_doc/realm.html)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08909) por Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat y Ming-Wei Chang.
1. **[Reformer](model_doc/reformer)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Reformer: The Efficient Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04451) por Nikita Kitaev, Łukasz Kaiser, Anselm Levskaya.
1. **[RemBERT](model_doc/rembert)** (de Google Research) publicado con el paper [Rethinking embedding coupling in pre-trained language models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12821) por Hyung Won Chung, Thibault Févry, Henry Tsai, M. Johnson, Sebastian Ruder.
1. **[RegNet](model_doc/regnet)** (de META Platforms) publicado con el paper [Designing Network Design Space](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13678) por Ilija Radosavovic, Raj Prateek Kosaraju, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He, Piotr Dollár.
1. **[ResNet](model_doc/resnet)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385) por Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, Jian Sun.
1. **[RoBERTa](model_doc/roberta)** (de Facebook), publicado junto con el paper [RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11692) por Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, Veselin Stoyanov.
1. **[RoFormer](model_doc/roformer)** (de ZhuiyiTechnology), publicado junto con el paper [RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09864) por Jianlin Su y Yu Lu y Shengfeng Pan y Bo Wen y Yunfeng Liu.
1. **[SegFormer](model_doc/segformer)** (de NVIDIA) publicado con el paper [SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.15203) por Enze Xie, Wenhai Wang, Zhiding Yu, Anima Anandkumar, Jose M. Alvarez, Ping Luo.
1. **[SEW](model_doc/sew)** (de ASAPP) publicado con el paper [Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06870) por Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
1. **[SEW-D](model_doc/sew_d)** (de ASAPP) publicado con el paper [Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06870) por Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
1. **[SpeechToTextTransformer](model_doc/speech_to_text)** (de Facebook), publicado junto con el paper [fairseq S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with fairseq](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.05171) por Changhan Wang, Yun Tang, Xutai Ma, Anne Wu, Dmytro Okhonko, Juan Pino.
1. **[SpeechToTextTransformer2](model_doc/speech_to_text_2)** (de Facebook), publicado junto con el paper [Large-Scale Self- and Semi-Supervised Learning for Speech Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.06678) por Changhan Wang, Anne Wu, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli, Alexis Conneau.
1. **[Splinter](model_doc/splinter)** (de Universidad de Tel Aviv), publicado junto con el paper [Few-Shot Question Answering by Pretraining Span Selection](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.00438) pory Ori Ram, Yuval Kirstain, Jonathan Berant, Amir Globerson, Omer Levy.
1. **[SqueezeBert](model_doc/squeezebert)** (de Berkeley) publicado con el paper [SqueezeBERT: What can computer vision teach NLP about efficient neural networks?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11316) por Forrest N. Iandola, Albert E. Shaw, Ravi Krishna, y Kurt W. Keutzer.
1. **[Swin Transformer](model_doc/swin)** (de Microsoft) publicado con el paper [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.14030) por Ze Liu, Yutong Lin, Yue Cao, Han Hu, Yixuan Wei, Zheng Zhang, Stephen Lin, Baining Guo.
1. **[T5](model_doc/t5)** (de Google AI) publicado con el paper [Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683) por Colin Raffel y Noam Shazeer y Adam Roberts y Katherine Lee y Sharan Narang y Michael Matena y Yanqi Zhou y Wei Li y Peter J. Liu.
1. **[T5v1.1](model_doc/t5v1.1)** (de Google AI) publicado en el repositorio [google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer](https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/main/released_checkpoints.md#t511) por Colin Raffel y Noam Shazeer y Adam Roberts y Katherine Lee y Sharan Narang y Michael Matena y Yanqi Zhou y Wei Li y Peter J. Liu.
1. **[TAPAS](model_doc/tapas)** (de Google AI) publicado con el paper [TAPAS: Weakly Supervised Table Parsing via Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02349) por Jonathan Herzig, Paweł Krzysztof Nowak, Thomas Müller, Francesco Piccinno y Julian Martin Eisenschlos.
1. **[TAPEX](model_doc/tapex)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executor](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.07653) por Qian Liu, Bei Chen, Jiaqi Guo, Morteza Ziyadi, Zeqi Lin, Weizhu Chen, Jian-Guang Lou.
1. **[Transformer-XL](model_doc/transfo-xl)** (de Google/CMU) publicado con el paper [Transformer-XL: Attentive Language Models Beyond a Fixed-Length Context](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.02860) por Zihang Dai*, Zhilin Yang*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Quoc V. Le, Ruslan Salakhutdinov.
1. **[TrOCR](model_doc/trocr)** (de Microsoft), publicado junto con el paper [TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.10282) por Minghao Li, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Zhoujun Li, Furu Wei.
1. **[UniSpeech](model_doc/unispeech)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [UniSpeech: Unified Speech Representation Learning with Labeled and Unlabeled Data](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.07597) por Chengyi Wang, Yu Wu, Yao Qian, Kenichi Kumatani, Shujie Liu, Furu Wei, Michael Zeng, Xuedong Huang.
1. **[UniSpeechSat](model_doc/unispeech-sat)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [UNISPEECH-SAT: UNIVERSAL SPEECH REPRESENTATION LEARNING WITH SPEAKER AWARE PRE-TRAINING](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.05752) por Sanyuan Chen, Yu Wu, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Zhuo Chen, Shujie Liu, Jian Wu, Yao Qian, Furu Wei, Jinyu Li, Xiangzhan Yu.
1. **[VAN](model_doc/van)** (de la Universidad de Tsinghua y la Universidad de Nankai) publicado con el paper [Visual Attention Network](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.09741) por Meng-Hao Guo, Cheng-Ze Lu, Zheng-Ning Liu, Ming-Ming Cheng, Shi-Min Hu.
1. **[ViLT](model_doc/vilt)** (de NAVER AI Lab/Kakao Enterprise/Kakao Brain) publicado con el paper [ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.03334) por Wonjae Kim, Bokyung Son, Ildoo Kim.
1. **[Vision Transformer (ViT)](model_doc/vit)** (de Google AI) publicado con el paper [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929) por Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby.
1. **[ViTMAE](model_doc/vit_mae)** (de Meta AI) publicado con el paper [Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learners](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06377) por Kaiming He, Xinlei Chen, Saining Xie, Yanghao Li, Piotr Dollár, Ross Girshick.
1. **[VisualBERT](model_doc/visual_bert)** (de UCLA NLP) publicado con el paper [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.03557) por Liunian Harold Li, Mark Yatskar, Da Yin, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Kai-Wei Chang.
1. **[WavLM](model_doc/wavlm)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13900) por Sanyuan Chen, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Yu Wu, Shujie Liu, Zhuo Chen, Jinyu Li, Naoyuki Kanda, Takuya Yoshioka, Xiong Xiao, Jian Wu, Long Zhou, Shuo Ren, Yanmin Qian, Yao Qian, Jian Wu, Michael Zeng, Furu Wei.
1. **[Wav2Vec2](model_doc/wav2vec2)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11477) por Alexei Baevski, Henry Zhou, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli.
1. **[Wav2Vec2Phoneme](model_doc/wav2vec2_phoneme)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [Simple and Effective Zero-shot Cross-lingual Phoneme Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.11680) por Qiantong Xu, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli.
1. **[XGLM](model_doc/xglm)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [Few-shot Learning with Multilingual Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10668) por Xi Victoria Lin, Todor Mihaylov, Mikel Artetxe, Tianlu Wang, Shuohui Chen, Daniel Simig, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Shruti Bhosale, Jingfei Du, Ramakanth Pasunuru, Sam Shleifer, Punit Singh Koura, Vishrav Chaudhary, Brian O'Horo, Jeff Wang, Luke Zettlemoyer, Zornitsa Kozareva, Mona Diab, Veselin Stoyanov, Xian Li.
1. **[XLM](model_doc/xlm)** (de Facebook) publicado junto con el paper [Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07291) por Guillaume Lample y Alexis Conneau.
1. **[XLM-ProphetNet](model_doc/xlm-prophetnet)** (de Microsoft Research) publicado con el paper [ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04063) por Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang y Ming Zhou.
1. **[XLM-RoBERTa](model_doc/xlm-roberta)** (de Facebook AI), publicado junto con el paper [Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02116) por Alexis Conneau*, Kartikay Khandelwal*, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Guillaume Wenzek, Francisco Guzmán, Edouard Grave, Myle Ott, Luke Zettlemoyer y Veselin Stoyanov.
1. **[XLM-RoBERTa-XL](model_doc/xlm-roberta-xl)** (de Facebook AI), publicado junto con el paper [Larger-Scale Transformers for Multilingual Masked Language Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.00572) por Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Myle Ott, Giri Anantharaman, Alexis Conneau.
1. **[XLNet](model_doc/xlnet)** (de Google/CMU) publicado con el paper [XLNet: Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08237) por Zhilin Yang*, Zihang Dai*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Quoc V. Le.
1. **[XLSR-Wav2Vec2](model_doc/xlsr_wav2vec2)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [Unsupervised Cross-Lingual Representation Learning For Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.13979) por Alexis Conneau, Alexei Baevski, Ronan Collobert, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli.
1. **[XLS-R](model_doc/xls_r)** (de Facebook AI) publicado con el paper [XLS-R: Self-supervised Cross-lingual Speech Representation Learning at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.09296) por Arun Babu, Changhan Wang, Andros Tjandra, Kushal Lakhotia, Qiantong Xu, Naman Goyal, Kritika Singh, Patrick von Platen, Yatharth Saraf, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Alexis Conneau, Michael Auli.
1. **[YOSO](model_doc/yoso)** (de la Universidad de Wisconsin-Madison) publicado con el paper [You Only Sample (Almost) Once: Linear Cost Self-Attention Via Bernoulli Sampling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.09714) por Zhanpeng Zeng, Yunyang Xiong, Sathya N. Ravi, Shailesh Acharya, Glenn Fung, Vikas Singh.
### Frameworks compatibles
La siguiente tabla representa el soporte actual en la biblioteca para cada uno de esos modelos, ya sea que tengan un tokenizador de Python (llamado "slow"). Un tokenizador "fast" respaldado por la biblioteca 🤗 Tokenizers, ya sea que tengan soporte en Jax (a través de
Flax), PyTorch y/o TensorFlow.
<!--This table is updated automatically from the auto modules with _make fix-copies_. Do not update manually!-->
| Modelo | Tokenizer slow | Tokenizer fast | PyTorch support | TensorFlow support | Flax Support |
|:---------------------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|:---------------:|:------------------:|:------------:|
| ALBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BART | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BEiT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| BERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Bert Generation | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BigBird | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| BigBirdPegasus | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Blenderbot | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BlenderbotSmall | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| CamemBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Canine | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| CLIP | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| ConvBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| ConvNext | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| CTRL | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Data2VecAudio | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Data2VecText | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DeBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DeBERTa-v2 | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Decision Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DeiT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DETR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DistilBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| DPR | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DPT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ELECTRA | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| FairSeq Machine-Translation | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| FlauBERT | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| FNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Funnel Transformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| GLPN | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| GPT Neo | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| GPT-J | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Hubert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| I-BERT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ImageGPT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LayoutLM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LayoutLMv2 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LED | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Longformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LUKE | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LXMERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| M2M100 | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Marian | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| MaskFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| mBART | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| MegatronBert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MobileBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| MPNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| mT5 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Nystromformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| OpenAI GPT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| OpenAI GPT-2 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Pegasus | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Perceiver | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| PLBart | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| PoolFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ProphetNet | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| QDQBert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RAG | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Realm | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Reformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RegNet | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RemBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| ResNet | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| RetriBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RoBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RoFormer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| SegFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SEW | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SEW-D | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Speech Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| Speech2Text | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Speech2Text2 | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Splinter | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SqueezeBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Swin | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| T5 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| TAPAS | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| TAPEX | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Transformer-XL | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| TrOCR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| UniSpeech | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| UniSpeechSat | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| VAN | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ViLT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Vision Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| VisionTextDualEncoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| VisualBert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| ViTMAE | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Wav2Vec2 | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| WavLM | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XGLM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| XLM | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| XLM-RoBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| XLM-RoBERTa-XL | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XLMProphetNet | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XLNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| YOSO | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
<!-- End table-->
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# Instalación
En esta guía puedes encontrar información para instalar 🤗 Transformers para cualquier biblioteca de Machine Learning con la que estés trabajando. Además, encontrarás información sobre cómo establecer el caché y cómo configurar 🤗 Transformers para correrlo de manera offline (opcional).
🤗 Transformers ha sido probada en Python 3.6+, PyTorch 1.1.0+, TensorFlow 2.0+, y Flax. Para instalar la biblioteca de deep learning con la que desees trabajar, sigue las instrucciones correspondientes listadas a continuación:
* [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/)
* [TensorFlow 2.0](https://www.tensorflow.org/install/pip)
* [Flax](https://flax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
## Instalación con pip
Es necesario instalar 🤗 Transformers en un [entorno virtual](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html). Si necesitas más información sobre entornos virtuales de Python, consulta esta [guía](https://packaging.python.org/guides/installing-using-pip-and-virtual-environments/
). Un entorno virtual facilita el manejo de proyectos y evita problemas de compatibilidad entre dependencias.
Comienza por crear un entorno virtual en el directorio de tu proyecto:
```bash
python -m venv .env
```
Activa el entorno virtual:
```bash
source .env/bin/activate
```
Ahora puedes instalar 🤗 Transformers con el siguiente comando:
```bash
pip install transformers
```
Solo para CPU, puedes instalar 🤗 Transformers y una biblioteca de deep learning con un comando de una sola línea.
Por ejemplo, instala 🤗 Transformers y Pytorch:
```bash
pip install transformers[torch]
```
🤗 Transformers y TensorFlow 2.0:
```bash
pip install transformers[tf-cpu]
```
🤗 Transformers y Flax:
```bash
pip install transformers[flax]
```
Por último, revisa si 🤗 Transformers ha sido instalada exitosamente con el siguiente comando que descarga un modelo pre-entrenado:
```bash
python -c "from transformers import pipeline; print(pipeline('sentiment-analysis')('we love you'))"
```
Después imprime la etiqueta y el puntaje:
```bash
[{'label': 'POSITIVE', 'score': 0.9998704791069031}]
```
## Instalación desde la fuente
Instala 🤗 Transformers desde la fuente con el siguiente comando:
```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
```
El comando de arriba instala la versión `master` más actual en vez de la última versión estable. La versión `master` es útil para obtener los últimos avances de 🤗 Transformers. Por ejemplo, se puede dar el caso de que un error fue corregido después de la última versión estable pero aún no se ha liberado un nuevo lanzamiento. Sin embargo, existe la posibilidad de que la versión `master` no sea estable. El equipo trata de mantener la versión `master` operacional y la mayoría de los errores son resueltos en unas cuantas horas o un día. Si encuentras algún problema, por favor abre un [Issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues) para que pueda ser corregido más rápido.
Verifica si 🤗 Transformers está instalada apropiadamente con el siguiente comando:
```bash
python -c "from transformers import pipeline; print(pipeline('sentiment-analysis')('I love you'))"
```
## Instalación editable
Necesitarás una instalación editable si deseas:
* Usar la versión `master` del código fuente.
* Contribuir a 🤗 Transformers y necesitas probar cambios en el código.
Clona el repositorio e instala 🤗 Transformers con los siguientes comandos:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git
cd transformers
pip install -e .
```
Éstos comandos van a ligar el directorio desde donde clonamos el repositorio al path de las bibliotecas de Python. Python ahora buscará dentro de la carpeta que clonaste además de los paths normales de la biblioteca. Por ejemplo, si los paquetes de Python se encuentran instalados en `~/anaconda3/envs/main/lib/python3.7/site-packages/`, Python también buscará en el directorio desde donde clonamos el repositorio `~/transformers/`.
<Tip warning={true}>
Debes mantener el directorio `transformers` si deseas seguir usando la biblioteca.
</Tip>
Puedes actualizar tu copia local a la última versión de 🤗 Transformers con el siguiente comando:
```bash
cd ~/transformers/
git pull
```
El entorno de Python que creaste para la instalación de 🤗 Transformers encontrará la versión `master` en la siguiente ejecución.
## Instalación con conda
Puedes instalar 🤗 Transformers desde el canal de conda `huggingface` con el siguiente comando:
```bash
conda install -c huggingface transformers
```
## Configuración de Caché
Los modelos preentrenados se descargan y almacenan en caché localmente en: `~/.cache/huggingface/transformers/`. Este es el directorio predeterminado proporcionado por la variable de entorno de shell `TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`. En Windows, el directorio predeterminado es dado por `C:\Users\username\.cache\huggingface\transformers`. Puedes cambiar las variables de entorno de shell que se muestran a continuación, en orden de prioridad, para especificar un directorio de caché diferente:
1. Variable de entorno del shell (por defecto): `TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`.
2. Variable de entorno del shell:`HF_HOME` + `transformers/`.
3. Variable de entorno del shell: `XDG_CACHE_HOME` + `/huggingface/transformers`.
<Tip>
🤗 Transformers usará las variables de entorno de shell `PYTORCH_TRANSFORMERS_CACHE` o `PYTORCH_PRETRAINED_BERT_CACHE` si viene de una iteración anterior de la biblioteca y ha configurado esas variables de entorno, a menos que especifiques la variable de entorno de shell `TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`.
</Tip>
## Modo Offline
🤗 Transformers puede ejecutarse en un entorno con firewall o fuera de línea (offline) usando solo archivos locales. Configura la variable de entorno `TRANSFORMERS_OFFLINE=1` para habilitar este comportamiento.
<Tip>
Puedes añadir [🤗 Datasets](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/) al flujo de entrenamiento offline declarando la variable de entorno `HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE=1`.
</Tip>
Por ejemplo, normalmente ejecutarías un programa en una red normal con firewall para instancias externas con el siguiente comando:
```bash
python examples/pytorch/translation/run_translation.py --model_name_or_path t5-small --dataset_name wmt16 --dataset_config ro-en ...
```
Ejecuta este mismo programa en una instancia offline con el siguiente comando:
```bash
HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE=1 TRANSFORMERS_OFFLINE=1 \
python examples/pytorch/translation/run_translation.py --model_name_or_path t5-small --dataset_name wmt16 --dataset_config ro-en ...
```
El script ahora debería ejecutarse sin bloquearse ni esperar a que se agote el tiempo de espera porque sabe que solo debe buscar archivos locales.
### Obtener modelos y tokenizers para uso offline
Otra opción para usar 🤗 Transformers offline es descargando previamente los archivos y después apuntar al path local donde se encuentren. Hay tres maneras de hacer esto:
* Descarga un archivo mediante la interfaz de usuario del [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models) haciendo click en el ícono ↓.
* Utiliza el flujo de [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] y [`PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]:
1. Descarga previamente los archivos con [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bigscience/T0_3B")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("bigscience/T0_3B")
```
2. Guarda los archivos en un directorio específico con [`PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
>>> model.save_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
3. Cuando te encuentres offline, recarga los archivos con [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] desde el directorio especificado:
```py
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
>>> model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
* Descarga de manera programática los archivos con la biblioteca [huggingface_hub](https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/tree/main/src/huggingface_hub):
1. Instala la biblioteca [huggingface_hub](https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/tree/main/src/huggingface_hub) en tu entorno virtual:
```bash
python -m pip install huggingface_hub
```
2. Utiliza la función [`hf_hub_download`](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/adding-a-library#download-files-from-the-hub) para descargar un archivo a un path específico. Por ejemplo, el siguiente comando descarga el archivo `config.json` del modelo [T0](https://huggingface.co/bigscience/T0_3B) al path deseado:
```py
>>> from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
>>> hf_hub_download(repo_id="bigscience/T0_3B", filename="config.json", cache_dir="./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
Una vez que el archivo se descargue y se almacene en caché localmente, especifica tu ruta local para cargarlo y usarlo:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoConfig
>>> config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0/config.json")
```
<Tip>
Para más detalles sobre cómo descargar archivos almacenados en el Hub consulta la sección [How to download files from the Hub](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/how-to-downstream).
</Tip>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/_toctree.yml | - sections:
- local: index
title: 🤗 Transformers
- local: quicktour
title: Tour rápido
- local: installation
title: Instalación
title: Empezar
- sections:
- local: pipeline_tutorial
title: Pipelines para inferencia
- local: autoclass_tutorial
title: Carga instancias preentrenadas con un AutoClass
- local: preprocessing
title: Preprocesamiento
- local: training
title: Fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado
- local: accelerate
title: Entrenamiento distribuido con 🤗 Accelerate
- local: model_sharing
title: Compartir un modelo
title: Tutoriales
- sections:
- sections:
- local: create_a_model
title: Crea una arquitectura personalizada
- local: custom_models
title: Compartir modelos personalizados
- local: run_scripts
title: Entrenamiento con scripts
- local: sagemaker
title: Ejecutar el entrenamiento en Amazon SageMaker
- local: converting_tensorflow_models
title: Convertir checkpoints de TensorFlow
- local: serialization
title: Exportar a ONNX
title: Uso general
- sections:
- local: fast_tokenizers
title: Usa tokenizadores de 🤗 Tokenizers
- local: multilingual
title: Modelos multilingües para inferencia
- sections:
- local: tasks/question_answering
title: Respuesta a preguntas
- local: tasks/language_modeling
title: Modelado de lenguaje
- local: tasks/summarization
title: Generación de resúmenes
- local: tasks/multiple_choice
title: Selección múltiple
title: Guías de tareas
title: Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural
- sections:
- local: tasks/asr
title: Reconocimiento automático del habla
title: Audio
- sections:
- local: tasks/image_classification
title: Clasificación de imágenes
title: Visión Artificial
- sections:
- local: debugging
title: Debugging
title: Rendimiento y escalabilidad
- sections:
- local: add_new_pipeline
title: ¿Cómo puedo añadir un pipeline a 🤗 Transformers?
- local: pr_checks
title: Verificaciones en un Pull Request
title: Contribuir
- local: community
title: Los recursos de la comunidad
title: Guías prácticas
- sections:
- local: philosophy
title: Filosofía
- local: bertology
title: BERTología
title: Guías conceptuales
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/multilingual.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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# Modelos multilingües para inferencia
[[open-in-colab]]
Existen varios modelos multilingües en 🤗 Transformers y su uso para inferencia difiere de los modelos monolingües. Sin embargo, no *todos* los usos de los modelos multilingües son diferentes. Algunos modelos, como [bert-base-multilingual-uncased](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-multilingual-uncased), pueden utilizarse igual que un modelo monolingüe. Esta guía te enseñará cómo utilizar modelos multilingües cuyo uso difiere en la inferencia.
## XLM
XLM tiene diez checkpoints diferentes de los cuales solo uno es monolingüe. Los nueve checkpoints restantes del modelo pueden dividirse en dos categorías: los checkpoints que utilizan language embeddings y los que no.
### XLM con language embeddings
Los siguientes modelos XLM usan language embeddings para especificar el lenguaje utilizado en la inferencia:
- `xlm-mlm-ende-1024` (Masked language modeling, English-German)
- `xlm-mlm-enfr-1024` (Masked language modeling, English-French)
- `xlm-mlm-enro-1024` (Masked language modeling, English-Romanian)
- `xlm-mlm-xnli15-1024` (Masked language modeling, XNLI languages)
- `xlm-mlm-tlm-xnli15-1024` (Masked language modeling + translation, XNLI languages)
- `xlm-clm-enfr-1024` (Causal language modeling, English-French)
- `xlm-clm-ende-1024` (Causal language modeling, English-German)
Los language embeddings son representados como un tensor de la mismas dimensiones que los `input_ids` pasados al modelo. Los valores de estos tensores dependen del idioma utilizado y se identifican mediante los atributos `lang2id` y `id2lang` del tokenizador.
En este ejemplo, carga el checkpoint `xlm-clm-enfr-1024` (Causal language modeling, English-French):
```py
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import XLMTokenizer, XLMWithLMHeadModel
>>> tokenizer = XLMTokenizer.from_pretrained("xlm-clm-enfr-1024")
>>> model = XLMWithLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("xlm-clm-enfr-1024")
```
El atributo `lang2id` del tokenizador muestra los idiomas de este modelo y sus ids:
```py
>>> print(tokenizer.lang2id)
{'en': 0, 'fr': 1}
```
A continuación, crea un input de ejemplo:
```py
>>> input_ids = torch.tensor([tokenizer.encode("Wikipedia was used to")]) # batch size of 1
```
Establece el id del idioma, por ejemplo `"en"`, y utilízalo para definir el language embedding. El language embedding es un tensor lleno de `0` ya que es el id del idioma para inglés. Este tensor debe ser del mismo tamaño que `input_ids`.
```py
>>> language_id = tokenizer.lang2id["en"] # 0
>>> langs = torch.tensor([language_id] * input_ids.shape[1]) # torch.tensor([0, 0, 0, ..., 0])
>>> # We reshape it to be of size (batch_size, sequence_length)
>>> langs = langs.view(1, -1) # is now of shape [1, sequence_length] (we have a batch size of 1)
```
Ahora puedes pasar los `input_ids` y el language embedding al modelo:
```py
>>> outputs = model(input_ids, langs=langs)
```
El script [run_generation.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/master/examples/pytorch/text-generation/run_generation.py) puede generar texto con language embeddings utilizando los checkpoints `xlm-clm`.
### XLM sin language embeddings
Los siguientes modelos XLM no requieren language embeddings durante la inferencia:
- `xlm-mlm-17-1280` (modelado de lenguaje enmascarado, 17 idiomas)
- `xlm-mlm-100-1280` (modelado de lenguaje enmascarado, 100 idiomas)
Estos modelos se utilizan para representaciones genéricas de frases a diferencia de los anteriores checkpoints XLM.
## BERT
Los siguientes modelos de BERT pueden utilizarse para tareas multilingües:
- `bert-base-multilingual-uncased` (modelado de lenguaje enmascarado + predicción de la siguiente oración, 102 idiomas)
- `bert-base-multilingual-cased` (modelado de lenguaje enmascarado + predicción de la siguiente oración, 104 idiomas)
Estos modelos no requieren language embeddings durante la inferencia. Deben identificar la lengua a partir del
contexto e inferir en consecuencia.
## XLM-RoBERTa
Los siguientes modelos de XLM-RoBERTa pueden utilizarse para tareas multilingües:
- `xlm-roberta-base` (modelado de lenguaje enmascarado, 100 idiomas)
- `xlm-roberta-large` (Modelado de lenguaje enmascarado, 100 idiomas)
XLM-RoBERTa se entrenó con 2,5 TB de datos CommonCrawl recién creados y depurados en 100 idiomas. Proporciona fuertes ventajas sobre los modelos multilingües publicados anteriormente como mBERT o XLM en tareas posteriores como la clasificación, el etiquetado de secuencias y la respuesta a preguntas.
## M2M100
Los siguientes modelos de M2M100 pueden utilizarse para traducción multilingüe:
- `facebook/m2m100_418M` (traducción)
- `facebook/m2m100_1.2B` (traducción)
En este ejemplo, carga el checkpoint `facebook/m2m100_418M` para traducir del chino al inglés. Puedes establecer el idioma de origen en el tokenizador:
```py
>>> from transformers import M2M100ForConditionalGeneration, M2M100Tokenizer
>>> en_text = "Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger."
>>> chinese_text = "不要插手巫師的事務, 因為他們是微妙的, 很快就會發怒."
>>> tokenizer = M2M100Tokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/m2m100_418M", src_lang="zh")
>>> model = M2M100ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("facebook/m2m100_418M")
```
Tokeniza el texto:
```py
>>> encoded_zh = tokenizer(chinese_text, return_tensors="pt")
```
M2M100 fuerza el id del idioma de destino como el primer token generado para traducir al idioma de destino.. Establece el `forced_bos_token_id` a `en` en el método `generate` para traducir al inglés:
```py
>>> generated_tokens = model.generate(**encoded_zh, forced_bos_token_id=tokenizer.get_lang_id("en"))
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_tokens, skip_special_tokens=True)
'Do not interfere with the matters of the witches, because they are delicate and will soon be angry.'
```
## MBart
Los siguientes modelos de MBart pueden utilizarse para traducción multilingüe:
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-one-to-many-mmt` (traducción automática multilingüe de uno a muchos, 50 idiomas)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt` (traducción automática multilingüe de muchos a muchos, 50 idiomas)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-one-mmt` (traducción automática multilingüe muchos a uno, 50 idiomas)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50` (traducción multilingüe, 50 idiomas)
- `facebook/mbart-large-cc25`
En este ejemplo, carga el checkpoint `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt` para traducir del finlandés al inglés. Puedes establecer el idioma de origen en el tokenizador:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
>>> en_text = "Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger."
>>> fi_text = "Älä sekaannu velhojen asioihin, sillä ne ovat hienovaraisia ja nopeasti vihaisia."
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt", src_lang="fi_FI")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt")
```
Tokeniza el texto:
```py
>>> encoded_en = tokenizer(en_text, return_tensors="pt")
```
MBart fuerza el id del idioma de destino como el primer token generado para traducirlo. Establece el `forced_bos_token_id` a `en` en el método `generate` para traducir al inglés:
```py
>>> generated_tokens = model.generate(**encoded_en, forced_bos_token_id=tokenizer.lang_code_to_id("en_XX"))
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_tokens, skip_special_tokens=True)
"Don't interfere with the wizard's affairs, because they are subtle, will soon get angry."
```
Si estás usando el checkpoint `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-one-mmt` no necesitas forzar el id del idioma de destino como el primer token generado, de lo contrario el uso es el mismo.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/preprocessing.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
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# Preprocesamiento
[[open-in-colab]]
Antes de que puedas utilizar los datos en un modelo, debes procesarlos en un formato aceptable para el modelo. Un modelo no entiende el texto en bruto, las imágenes o el audio. Estas entradas necesitan ser convertidas en números y ensambladas en tensores. En este tutorial, podrás:
* Preprocesar los datos textuales con un tokenizador.
* Preprocesar datos de imagen o audio con un extractor de características.
* Preprocesar datos para una tarea multimodal con un procesador.
## NLP
<Youtube id="Yffk5aydLzg"/>
La principal herramienta para procesar datos textuales es un [tokenizador](main_classes/tokenizer). Un tokenizador comienza dividiendo el texto en *tokens* según un conjunto de reglas. Los tokens se convierten en números, que se utilizan para construir tensores como entrada a un modelo. El tokenizador también añade cualquier entrada adicional que requiera el modelo.
<Tip>
Si tienes previsto utilizar un modelo pre-entrenado, es importante que utilices el tokenizador pre-entrenado asociado. Esto te asegura que el texto se divide de la misma manera que el corpus de pre-entrenamiento y utiliza el mismo índice de tokens correspondiente (usualmente referido como el *vocab*) durante el pre-entrenamiento.
</Tip>
Comienza rápidamente cargando un tokenizador pre-entrenado con la clase [`AutoTokenizer`]. Esto descarga el *vocab* utilizado cuando un modelo es pre-entrenado.
### Tokenizar
Carga un tokenizador pre-entrenado con [`AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
```
A continuación, pasa tu frase al tokenizador:
```py
>>> encoded_input = tokenizer("Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger.")
>>> print(encoded_input)
{'input_ids': [101, 2079, 2025, 19960, 10362, 1999, 1996, 3821, 1997, 16657, 1010, 2005, 2027, 2024, 11259, 1998, 4248, 2000, 4963, 1012, 102],
'token_type_ids': [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
'attention_mask': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]}
```
El tokenizador devuelve un diccionario con tres ítems importantes:
* [input_ids](glossary#input-ids) son los índices correspondientes a cada token de la frase.
* [attention_mask](glossary#attention-mask) indica si un token debe ser atendido o no.
* [token_type_ids](glossary#token-type-ids) identifica a qué secuencia pertenece un token cuando hay más de una secuencia.
Tu puedes decodificar el `input_ids` para devolver la entrada original:
```py
>>> tokenizer.decode(encoded_input["input_ids"])
'[CLS] Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger. [SEP]'
```
Como puedes ver, el tokenizador ha añadido dos tokens especiales - `CLS` y `SEP` (clasificador y separador) - a la frase. No todos los modelos necesitan
tokens especiales, pero si lo llegas a necesitar, el tokenizador los añadirá automáticamente.
Si hay varias frases que quieres preprocesar, pasa las frases como una lista al tokenizador:
```py
>>> batch_sentences = [
... "But what about second breakfast?",
... "Don't think he knows about second breakfast, Pip.",
... "What about elevensies?",
... ]
>>> encoded_inputs = tokenizer(batch_sentences)
>>> print(encoded_inputs)
{'input_ids': [[101, 1252, 1184, 1164, 1248, 6462, 136, 102],
[101, 1790, 112, 189, 1341, 1119, 3520, 1164, 1248, 6462, 117, 21902, 1643, 119, 102],
[101, 1327, 1164, 5450, 23434, 136, 102]],
'token_type_ids': [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],
'attention_mask': [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]}
```
### Pad
Esto nos lleva a un tema importante. Cuando se procesa un batch de frases, no siempre tienen la misma longitud. Esto es un problema porque los tensores que se introducen en el modelo deben tener una forma uniforme. El pad es una estrategia para asegurar que los tensores sean rectangulares añadiendo un "padding token" especial a las oraciones con menos tokens.
Establece el parámetro `padding` en `True` aplicando el pad a las secuencias más cortas del batch para que coincidan con la secuencia más larga:
```py
>>> batch_sentences = [
... "But what about second breakfast?",
... "Don't think he knows about second breakfast, Pip.",
... "What about elevensies?",
... ]
>>> encoded_input = tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True)
>>> print(encoded_input)
{'input_ids': [[101, 1252, 1184, 1164, 1248, 6462, 136, 102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[101, 1790, 112, 189, 1341, 1119, 3520, 1164, 1248, 6462, 117, 21902, 1643, 119, 102],
[101, 1327, 1164, 5450, 23434, 136, 102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],
'token_type_ids': [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],
'attention_mask': [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]}
```
Observa que el tokenizador ha aplicado el pad a la primera y la tercera frase con un "0" porque son más cortas.
### Truncamiento
En el otro extremo del espectro, a veces una secuencia puede ser demasiado larga para un modelo. En este caso, tendrás que truncar la secuencia a una longitud más corta.
Establece el parámetro `truncation` a `True` para truncar una secuencia a la longitud máxima aceptada por el modelo:
```py
>>> batch_sentences = [
... "But what about second breakfast?",
... "Don't think he knows about second breakfast, Pip.",
... "What about elevensies?",
... ]
>>> encoded_input = tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True, truncation=True)
>>> print(encoded_input)
{'input_ids': [[101, 1252, 1184, 1164, 1248, 6462, 136, 102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[101, 1790, 112, 189, 1341, 1119, 3520, 1164, 1248, 6462, 117, 21902, 1643, 119, 102],
[101, 1327, 1164, 5450, 23434, 136, 102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],
'token_type_ids': [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]],
'attention_mask': [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]}
```
### Construye tensores
Finalmente, si quieres que el tokenizador devuelva los tensores reales que se introducen en el modelo.
Establece el parámetro `return_tensors` como `pt` para PyTorch, o `tf` para TensorFlow:
```py
>>> batch_sentences = [
... "But what about second breakfast?",
... "Don't think he knows about second breakfast, Pip.",
... "What about elevensies?",
... ]
>>> encoded_input = tokenizer(batch, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors="pt")
>>> print(encoded_input)
{'input_ids': tensor([[ 101, 153, 7719, 21490, 1122, 1114, 9582, 1623, 102],
[ 101, 5226, 1122, 9649, 1199, 2610, 1236, 102, 0]]),
'token_type_ids': tensor([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]),
'attention_mask': tensor([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0]])}
===PT-TF-SPLIT===
>>> batch_sentences = [
... "But what about second breakfast?",
... "Don't think he knows about second breakfast, Pip.",
... "What about elevensies?",
... ]
>>> encoded_input = tokenizer(batch, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors="tf")
>>> print(encoded_input)
{'input_ids': <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 9), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 101, 153, 7719, 21490, 1122, 1114, 9582, 1623, 102],
[ 101, 5226, 1122, 9649, 1199, 2610, 1236, 102, 0]],
dtype=int32)>,
'token_type_ids': <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 9), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=int32)>,
'attention_mask': <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 9), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0]], dtype=int32)>}
```
## Audio
Las entradas de audio se preprocesan de forma diferente a las entradas textuales, pero el objetivo final es el mismo: crear secuencias numéricas que el modelo pueda entender. Un [extractor de características](main_classes/feature_extractor) (o feature extractor en inglés) está diseñado para extraer características de datos provenientes de imágenes o audio sin procesar y convertirlos en tensores. Antes de empezar, instala 🤗 Datasets para cargar un dataset de audio para experimentar:
```bash
pip install datasets
```
Carga la tarea de detección de palabras clave del benchmark [SUPERB](https://huggingface.co/datasets/superb) (consulta el [tutorial 🤗 Dataset](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/load_hub.html) para que obtengas más detalles sobre cómo cargar un dataset):
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset, Audio
>>> dataset = load_dataset("superb", "ks")
```
Accede al primer elemento de la columna `audio` para echar un vistazo a la entrada. Al llamar a la columna `audio` se cargará y volverá a muestrear automáticamente el archivo de audio:
```py
>>> dataset["train"][0]["audio"]
{'array': array([ 0. , 0. , 0. , ..., -0.00592041,
-0.00405884, -0.00253296], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/05734a36d88019a09725c20cc024e1c4e7982e37d7d55c0c1ca1742ea1cdd47f/_background_noise_/doing_the_dishes.wav',
'sampling_rate': 16000}
```
Esto devuelve tres elementos:
* `array` es la señal de voz cargada - y potencialmente remuestreada - como un array 1D.
* `path` apunta a la ubicación del archivo de audio.
* `sampling_rate` se refiere a cuántos puntos de datos de la señal de voz se miden por segundo.
### Resample
Para este tutorial, se utilizará el modelo [Wav2Vec2](https://huggingface.co/facebook/wav2vec2-base). Como puedes ver en la model card, el modelo Wav2Vec2 está pre-entrenado en audio de voz muestreado a 16kHz. Es importante que la tasa de muestreo de tus datos de audio coincida con la tasa de muestreo del dataset utilizado para pre-entrenar el modelo. Si la tasa de muestreo de tus datos no es la misma, deberás volver a muestrear tus datos de audio.
Por ejemplo, carga el dataset [LJ Speech](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lj_speech) que tiene una tasa de muestreo de 22050kHz. Para utilizar el modelo Wav2Vec2 con este dataset, reduce la tasa de muestreo a 16kHz:
```py
>>> lj_speech = load_dataset("lj_speech", split="train")
>>> lj_speech[0]["audio"]
{'array': array([-7.3242188e-04, -7.6293945e-04, -6.4086914e-04, ...,
7.3242188e-04, 2.1362305e-04, 6.1035156e-05], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/917ece08c95cf0c4115e45294e3cd0dee724a1165b7fc11798369308a465bd26/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0001.wav',
'sampling_rate': 22050}
```
1. Usa el método 🤗 Datasets' [`cast_column`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.cast_column) para reducir la tasa de muestreo a 16kHz:
```py
>>> lj_speech = lj_speech.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16_000))
```
2. Carga el archivo de audio:
```py
>>> lj_speech[0]["audio"]
{'array': array([-0.00064146, -0.00074657, -0.00068768, ..., 0.00068341,
0.00014045, 0. ], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/917ece08c95cf0c4115e45294e3cd0dee724a1165b7fc11798369308a465bd26/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0001.wav',
'sampling_rate': 16000}
```
Como puedes ver, el `sampling_rate` se ha reducido a 16kHz. Ahora que sabes cómo funciona el resampling, volvamos a nuestro ejemplo anterior con el dataset SUPERB.
### Extractor de características
El siguiente paso es cargar un extractor de características para normalizar y aplicar el pad a la entrada. Cuando se aplica padding a los datos textuales, se añade un "0" para las secuencias más cortas. La misma idea se aplica a los datos de audio y el extractor de características de audio añadirá un "0" - interpretado como silencio - al "array".
Carga el extractor de características con [`AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoFeatureExtractor
>>> feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained("facebook/wav2vec2-base")
```
Pasa el `array` de audio al extractor de características. También te recomendamos añadir el argumento `sampling_rate` en el extractor de características para poder depurar mejor los errores silenciosos que puedan producirse.
```py
>>> audio_input = [dataset["train"][0]["audio"]["array"]]
>>> feature_extractor(audio_input, sampling_rate=16000)
{'input_values': [array([ 0.00045439, 0.00045439, 0.00045439, ..., -0.1578519 , -0.10807519, -0.06727459], dtype=float32)]}
```
### Pad y truncamiento
Al igual que el tokenizador, puedes aplicar padding o truncamiento para manejar secuencias variables en un batch. Fíjate en la longitud de la secuencia de estas dos muestras de audio:
```py
>>> dataset["train"][0]["audio"]["array"].shape
(1522930,)
>>> dataset["train"][1]["audio"]["array"].shape
(988891,)
```
Como puedes ver, el `sampling_rate` se ha reducido a 16kHz.
```py
>>> def preprocess_function(examples):
... audio_arrays = [x["array"] for x in examples["audio"]]
... inputs = feature_extractor(
... audio_arrays,
... sampling_rate=16000,
... padding=True,
... max_length=1000000,
... truncation=True,
... )
... return inputs
```
Aplica la función a los primeros ejemplos del dataset:
```py
>>> processed_dataset = preprocess_function(dataset["train"][:5])
```
Ahora echa un vistazo a las longitudes de las muestras procesadas:
```py
>>> processed_dataset["input_values"][0].shape
(1000000,)
>>> processed_dataset["input_values"][1].shape
(1000000,)
```
Las longitudes de las dos primeras muestras coinciden ahora con la longitud máxima especificada.
## Visión
También se utiliza un extractor de características para procesar imágenes para tareas de visión por computadora. Una vez más, el objetivo es convertir la imagen en bruto en un batch de tensores como entrada.
Vamos a cargar el dataset [food101](https://huggingface.co/datasets/food101) para este tutorial. Usa el parámetro 🤗 Datasets `split` para cargar solo una pequeña muestra de la división de entrenamiento ya que el dataset es bastante grande:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> dataset = load_dataset("food101", split="train[:100]")
```
A continuación, observa la imagen con la función 🤗 Datasets [`Image`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html?highlight=image#datasets.Image):
```py
>>> dataset[0]["image"]
```
### Extractor de características
Carga el extractor de características con [`AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoFeatureExtractor
>>> feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224")
```
### Aumento de Datos
Para las tareas de visión por computadora es común añadir algún tipo de aumento de datos (o data augmentation) a las imágenes como parte del preprocesamiento. Puedes añadir el método de aumento de datos con cualquier librería que quieras, pero en este tutorial utilizarás el módulo [`transforms`](https://pytorch.org/vision/stable/transforms.html) de torchvision.
1. Normaliza la imagen y utiliza [`Compose`](https://pytorch.org/vision/master/generated/torchvision.transforms.Compose.html) para encadenar algunas transformaciones - [`RandomResizedCrop`](https://pytorch.org/vision/main/generated/torchvision.transforms.RandomResizedCrop.html) y [`ColorJitter`](https://pytorch.org/vision/main/generated/torchvision.transforms.ColorJitter.html) - juntas:
```py
>>> from torchvision.transforms import Compose, Normalize, RandomResizedCrop, ColorJitter, ToTensor
>>> normalize = Normalize(mean=feature_extractor.image_mean, std=feature_extractor.image_std)
>>> _transforms = Compose(
... [RandomResizedCrop(feature_extractor.size), ColorJitter(brightness=0.5, hue=0.5), ToTensor(), normalize]
... )
```
2. El modelo acepta [`pixel_values`](model_doc/visionencoderdecoder#transformers.VisionEncoderDecoderModel.forward.pixel_values) como entrada. Este valor es generado por el extractor de características. Crea una función que genere `pixel_values` a partir de las transformaciones:
```py
>>> def transforms(examples):
... examples["pixel_values"] = [_transforms(image.convert("RGB")) for image in examples["image"]]
... return examples
```
3. A continuación, utiliza 🤗 Datasets [`set_transform`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/process.html#format-transform) para aplicar las transformaciones sobre la marcha:
```py
>>> dataset.set_transform(transforms)
```
4. Ahora, cuando accedes a la imagen, observarás que el extractor de características ha añadido a la entrada del modelo `pixel_values`:
```py
>>> dataset[0]["image"]
{'image': <PIL.JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile image mode=RGB size=384x512 at 0x7F1A7B0630D0>,
'label': 6,
'pixel_values': tensor([[[ 0.0353, 0.0745, 0.1216, ..., -0.9922, -0.9922, -0.9922],
[-0.0196, 0.0667, 0.1294, ..., -0.9765, -0.9843, -0.9922],
[ 0.0196, 0.0824, 0.1137, ..., -0.9765, -0.9686, -0.8667],
...,
[ 0.0275, 0.0745, 0.0510, ..., -0.1137, -0.1216, -0.0824],
[ 0.0667, 0.0824, 0.0667, ..., -0.0588, -0.0745, -0.0980],
[ 0.0353, 0.0353, 0.0431, ..., -0.0039, -0.0039, -0.0588]],
[[ 0.2078, 0.2471, 0.2863, ..., -0.9451, -0.9373, -0.9451],
[ 0.1608, 0.2471, 0.3098, ..., -0.9373, -0.9451, -0.9373],
[ 0.2078, 0.2706, 0.3020, ..., -0.9608, -0.9373, -0.8275],
...,
[-0.0353, 0.0118, -0.0039, ..., -0.2392, -0.2471, -0.2078],
[ 0.0196, 0.0353, 0.0196, ..., -0.1843, -0.2000, -0.2235],
[-0.0118, -0.0039, -0.0039, ..., -0.0980, -0.0980, -0.1529]],
[[ 0.3961, 0.4431, 0.4980, ..., -0.9216, -0.9137, -0.9216],
[ 0.3569, 0.4510, 0.5216, ..., -0.9059, -0.9137, -0.9137],
[ 0.4118, 0.4745, 0.5216, ..., -0.9137, -0.8902, -0.7804],
...,
[-0.2314, -0.1922, -0.2078, ..., -0.4196, -0.4275, -0.3882],
[-0.1843, -0.1686, -0.2000, ..., -0.3647, -0.3804, -0.4039],
[-0.1922, -0.1922, -0.1922, ..., -0.2941, -0.2863, -0.3412]]])}
```
Este es el aspecto de la imagen después de preprocesarla. Como era de esperar por las transformaciones aplicadas, la imagen ha sido recortada aleatoriamente y sus propiedades de color son diferentes.
```py
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> img = dataset[0]["pixel_values"]
>>> plt.imshow(img.permute(1, 2, 0))
```
## Multimodal
Para las tareas multimodales utilizarás una combinación de todo lo que has aprendido hasta ahora y aplicarás tus habilidades a una tarea de reconocimiento automático de voz (ASR). Esto significa que necesitarás un:
* Extractor de características para preprocesar los datos de audio.
* Un tokenizador para procesar el texto.
Volvamos al dataset [LJ Speech](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lj_speech):
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> lj_speech = load_dataset("lj_speech", split="train")
```
Suponiendo que te interesan principalmente las columnas `audio` y `texto`, elimina las demás columnas:
```py
>>> lj_speech = lj_speech.map(remove_columns=["file", "id", "normalized_text"])
```
Ahora echa un vistazo a las columnas `audio` y `texto`:
```py
>>> lj_speech[0]["audio"]
{'array': array([-7.3242188e-04, -7.6293945e-04, -6.4086914e-04, ...,
7.3242188e-04, 2.1362305e-04, 6.1035156e-05], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/917ece08c95cf0c4115e45294e3cd0dee724a1165b7fc11798369308a465bd26/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ001-0001.wav',
'sampling_rate': 22050}
>>> lj_speech[0]["text"]
'Printing, in the only sense with which we are at present concerned, differs from most if not from all the arts and crafts represented in the Exhibition'
```
Recuerda la sección anterior sobre el procesamiento de datos de audio, siempre debes [volver a muestrear](preprocessing#audio) la tasa de muestreo de tus datos de audio para que coincida con la tasa de muestreo del dataset utilizado para preentrenar un modelo:
```py
>>> lj_speech = lj_speech.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16_000))
```
### Processor
Un processor combina un extractor de características y un tokenizador. Cargue un procesador con [`AutoProcessor.from_pretrained]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoProcessor
>>> processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/wav2vec2-base-960h")
```
1. Crea una función para procesar los datos de audio en `input_values`, y tokeniza el texto en `labels`. Estas son las entradas del modelo:
```py
>>> def prepare_dataset(example):
... audio = example["audio"]
... example.update(processor(audio=audio["array"], text=example["text"], sampling_rate=16000))
... return example
```
2. Aplica la función `prepare_dataset` a una muestra:
```py
>>> prepare_dataset(lj_speech[0])
```
Observa que el método processor ha añadido `input_values` y `labels`. La tasa de muestreo también se ha reducido correctamente a 16kHz.
Genial, ahora deberías ser capaz de preprocesar datos para cualquier modalidad e incluso combinar diferentes modalidades. En el siguiente tutorial, aprenderás aplicar fine tuning a un modelo en tus datos recién preprocesados.
## Todo lo que siempre quisiste saber sobre el padding y el truncamiento
Hemos visto los comandos que funcionarán para la mayoría de los casos (hacer pad a tu batch teniendo en cuenta la longitud de la frase máxima y
truncar a la longitud máxima que el modelo puede aceptar). Sin embargo, la API admite más estrategias si las necesitas. Los
tres argumentos que necesitas conocer para ello son `padding`, `truncation` y `max_length`.
- `padding` controla el aplicarme padding al texto. Puede ser un booleano o una cadena que debe ser:
- `True` o `'longest'` para aplicar el pad hasta la secuencia más larga del batch (no apliques el padding si sólo le proporcionas
una sola secuencia).
- `'max_length'` para aplicar el pad hasta la longitud especificada por el argumento `max_length` o la longitud máxima aceptada
por el modelo si no le proporcionas `longitud_máxima` (`longitud_máxima=None`). Si sólo le proporcionas una única secuencia
se le aplicará el padding.
`False` o `'do_not_pad'` para no aplicar pad a las secuencias. Como hemos visto antes, este es el comportamiento por
defecto.
- `truncation` controla el truncamiento. Puede ser un booleano o una string que debe ser:
- `True` o `'longest_first'` truncan hasta la longitud máxima especificada por el argumento `max_length` o
la longitud máxima aceptada por el modelo si no le proporcionas `max_length` (`max_length=None`). Esto
truncará token por token, eliminando un token de la secuencia más larga del par hasta alcanzar la longitud
adecuada.
- `'only_second'` trunca hasta la longitud máxima especificada por el argumento `max_length` o la
longitud máxima aceptada por el modelo si no le proporcionas `max_length` (`max_length=None`). Esto sólo truncará
la segunda frase de un par si le proporcionas un par de secuencias (o un batch de pares de secuencias).
- `'only_first'` trunca hasta la longitud máxima especificada por el argumento `max_length` o la longitud máxima
aceptada por el modelo si no se proporciona `max_length` (`max_length=None`). Esto sólo truncará
la primera frase de un par si se proporciona un par de secuencias (o un lote de pares de secuencias).
- `False` o `'do_not_truncate'` para no truncar las secuencias. Como hemos visto antes, este es el comportamiento
por defecto.
- `max_length` para controlar la longitud del padding/truncamiento. Puede ser un número entero o `None`, en cuyo caso
será por defecto la longitud máxima que el modelo puede aceptar. Si el modelo no tiene una longitud máxima de entrada específica, el
padding/truncamiento a `longitud_máxima` se desactiva.
A continuación te mostramos en una tabla que resume la forma recomendada de configurar el padding y el truncamiento. Si utilizas un par de secuencias de entrada en
algunos de los siguientes ejemplos, puedes sustituir `truncation=True` por una `STRATEGY` seleccionada en
`['only_first', 'only_second', 'longest_first']`, es decir, `truncation='only_second'` o `truncation= 'longest_first'` para controlar cómo se truncan ambas secuencias del par como se ha detallado anteriormente.
| Truncation | Padding | Instrucciones |
|--------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| no truncation | no padding | `tokenizer(batch_sentences)` |
| | padding secuencia max del batch | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='longest')` |
| | padding long max de input model | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length')` |
| | padding a una long especifica | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length', max_length=42)` |
| truncation long max del input model | no padding | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, truncation=True)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, truncation=STRATEGY)` |
| | padding secuencia max del batch | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True, truncation=True)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True, truncation=STRATEGY)` |
| | padding long max de input model | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length', truncation=True)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length', truncation=STRATEGY)` |
| | padding a una long especifica | Not possible |
| truncation a una long especifica | no padding | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, truncation=True, max_length=42)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, truncation=STRATEGY, max_length=42)` |
| | padding secuencia max del batch | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True, truncation=True, max_length=42)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding=True, truncation=STRATEGY, max_length=42)` |
| | padding long max de input model | Not possible |
| | padding a una long especifica | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length', truncation=True, max_length=42)` or |
| | | `tokenizer(batch_sentences, padding='max_length', truncation=STRATEGY, max_length=42)` |
| 0 |
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# Compartir un modelo
Los últimos dos tutoriales mostraron cómo puedes realizar fine-tunning a un modelo con PyTorch, Keras y 🤗 Accelerate para configuraciones distribuidas. ¡El siguiente paso es compartir tu modelo con la comunidad! En Hugging Face creemos en compartir abiertamente a todos el conocimiento y los recursos para democratizar la inteligencia artificial. En este sentido, te animamos a considerar compartir tu modelo con la comunidad, de esta forma ayudas a otros ahorrando tiempo y recursos.
En este tutorial aprenderás dos métodos para compartir un modelo trained o fine-tuned en el [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models):
- Mediante Código, enviando (push) tus archivos al Hub.
- Con la interfaz Web, con Drag-and-drop de tus archivos al Hub.
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/XvSGPZFEjDY" title="YouTube video player"
frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope;
picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<Tip>
Para compartir un modelo con la comunidad necesitas una cuenta en [huggingface.co](https://huggingface.co/join). También puedes unirte a una organización existente o crear una nueva.
</Tip>
## Características de los repositorios
Cada repositorio en el Model Hub se comporta como cualquier otro repositorio en GitHub. Nuestros repositorios ofrecen versioning, commit history, y la habilidad para visualizar diferencias.
El versioning desarrollado dentro del Model Hub es basado en git y [git-lfs](https://git-lfs.github.com/). En otras palabras, puedes tratar un modelo como un repositorio, brindando un mejor control de acceso y escalabilidad. Version control permite *revisions*, un método para apuntar a una versión específica de un modelo utilizando un commit hash, tag o branch.
Como resultado, puedes cargar una versión específica del modelo con el parámetro `revision`:
```py
>>> model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(
... "julien-c/EsperBERTo-small", revision="v2.0.1" # tag name, or branch name, or commit hash
... )
```
Los archivos son editados fácilmente dentro de un repositorio. Incluso puedes observar el commit history y las diferencias:
## Configuración inicial
Antes de compartir un modelo al Hub necesitarás tus credenciales de Hugging Face. Si tienes acceso a una terminal ejecuta el siguiente comando en el entorno virtual donde 🤗 Transformers esté instalado. Esto guardará tu token de acceso dentro de tu carpeta cache de Hugging Face (~/.cache/ by default):
```bash
huggingface-cli login
```
Si usas un notebook como Jupyter o Colaboratory, asegúrate de tener instalada la biblioteca [`huggingface_hub`](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/adding-a-library). Esta biblioteca te permitirá interactuar por código con el Hub.
```bash
pip install huggingface_hub
```
Luego usa `notebook_login` para iniciar sesión al Hub, y sigue el link [aquí](https://huggingface.co/settings/token) para generar un token con el que iniciaremos sesión:
```py
>>> from huggingface_hub import notebook_login
>>> notebook_login()
```
## Convertir un modelo para todos los Frameworks
Para asegurarnos que tu modelo pueda ser usado por alguien que esté trabajando con un framework diferente, te recomendamos convertir y subir tu modelo con checkpoints de pytorch y tensorflow. Aunque los usuarios aún son capaces de cargar su modelo desde un framework diferente, si se omite este paso será más lento debido a que 🤗 Transformers necesitará convertir el checkpoint sobre-la-marcha.
Convertir un checkpoint para otro framework es fácil. Asegúrate tener Pytorch y TensorFlow instalado (Véase [aquí](installation) para instrucciones de instalación), y luego encuentra el modelo específico para tu tarea en el otro Framework.
Por ejemplo, supongamos que has entrenado DistilBert para clasificación de secuencias en PyTorch y quieres convertirlo a su equivalente en TensorFlow. Cargas el equivalente en TensorFlow de tu modelo para tu tarea y especificas `from_pt=True` así 🤗 Transformers convertirá el Pytorch checkpoint a un TensorFlow Checkpoint:
```py
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("path/to/awesome-name-you-picked", from_pt=True)
```
Luego guardas tu nuevo modelo TensorFlow con su nuevo checkpoint:
```py
>>> tf_model.save_pretrained("path/to/awesome-name-you-picked")
```
De manera similar, especificas `from_tf=True` para convertir un checkpoint de TensorFlow a Pytorch:
```py
>>> pt_model = DistilBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("path/to/awesome-name-you-picked", from_tf=True)
>>> pt_model.save_pretrained("path/to/awesome-name-you-picked")
```
Si algún modelo está disponible en Flax, también puedes convertir un checkpoint de Pytorch a Flax:
```py
>>> flax_model = FlaxDistilBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
... "path/to/awesome-name-you-picked", from_pt=True
... )
```
## Compartir un modelo con `Trainer`
<Youtube id="Z1-XMy-GNLQ"/>
Compartir un modelo al Hub es tan simple como añadir un parámetro extra o un callback. Si recuerdas del tutorial de [fine-tuning tutorial](training), la clase [`TrainingArguments`] es donde especificas los Hiperparámetros y opciones de entrenamiento adicionales. Una de estas opciones incluye la habilidad de compartir un modelo directamente al Hub. Para ello configuras `push_to_hub=True` dentro de [`TrainingArguments`]:
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(output_dir="my-awesome-model", push_to_hub=True)
```
A continuación, como usualmente, pasa tus argumentos de entrenamiento a [`Trainer`]:
```py
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=small_train_dataset,
... eval_dataset=small_eval_dataset,
... compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
... )
```
Luego que realizas fine-tune a tu modelo, llamas [`~transformers.Trainer.push_to_hub`] en [`Trainer`] para enviar el modelo al Hub!🤗 Transformers incluso añadirá automáticamente los Hiperparámetros de entrenamiento, resultados de entrenamiento y versiones del Framework a tu model card!
```py
>>> trainer.push_to_hub()
```
## Compartir un modelo con `PushToHubCallback`
Los usuarios de TensorFlow pueden activar la misma funcionalidad con [`PushToHubCallback`]. En la funcion [`PushToHubCallback`], agrega:
- Un directorio de salida para tu modelo.
- Un tokenizador.
- El `hub_model_id`, el cual es tu usuario Hub y el nombre del modelo.
```py
>>> from transformers import PushToHubCallback
>>> push_to_hub_callback = PushToHubCallback(
... output_dir="./your_model_save_path", tokenizer=tokenizer, hub_model_id="your-username/my-awesome-model"
... )
```
Agregamos el callback a [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/), y 🤗 Transformers enviará el modelo entrenado al Hub:
```py
>>> model.fit(tf_train_dataset, validation_data=tf_validation_dataset, epochs=3, callbacks=push_to_hub_callback)
```
## Usando la función `push_to_hub`
Puedes llamar la función `push_to_hub` directamente en tu modelo para subirlo al Hub.
Especifica el nombre del modelo en `push_to_hub`:
```py
>>> pt_model.push_to_hub("my-awesome-model")
```
Esto creará un repositorio bajo tu usuario con el nombre del modelo `my-awesome-model`. Ahora los usuarios pueden cargar tu modelo con la función `from_pretrained`:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModel
>>> model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("your_username/my-awesome-model")
```
Si perteneces a una organización y quieres compartir tu modelo bajo el nombre de la organización, añade el parámetro `organization`:
```py
>>> pt_model.push_to_hub("my-awesome-model", organization="my-awesome-org")
```
La función `push_to_hub` también puede ser usada para añadir archivos al repositorio del modelo. Por ejemplo, añade un tokenizador al repositorio:
```py
>>> tokenizer.push_to_hub("my-awesome-model")
```
O quizás te gustaría añadir la versión de TensorFlow de tu modelo fine-tuned en Pytorch:
```py
>>> tf_model.push_to_hub("my-awesome-model")
```
Ahora, cuando navegues a tu perfil en Hugging Face, deberías observar el repositorio de tu modelo creado recientemente. Si das click en el tab **Files** observarás todos los archivos que has subido al repositorio.
Para más detalles sobre cómo crear y subir archivos al repositorio, consulta la [documentación del Hub](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/how-to-upstream).
## Compartir con la interfaz web
Los usuarios que prefieran un enfoque no-code tienen la opción de cargar su modelo a través de la interfaz gráfica del Hub. Visita la página [huggingface.co/new](https://huggingface.co/new) para crear un nuevo repositorio:
Desde aquí, añade información acerca del modelo:
- Selecciona el **owner** (la persona propietaria) del repositorio. Puedes ser tú o cualquier organización a la que pertenezcas.
- Escoge un nombre para tu modelo. También será el nombre del repositorio.
- Elige si tu modelo es público o privado.
- Especifica la licencia que usará tu modelo.
Ahora puedes hacer click en el tab **Files** y luego en el botón **Add file** para subir un nuevo archivo a tu repositorio. Luego arrastra y suelta un archivo a subir y le añades un mensaje al commit.
## Añadiendo una tarjeta de modelo
Para asegurarnos que los usuarios entiendan las capacidades de tu modelo, sus limitaciones, posibles sesgos y consideraciones éticas, por favor añade una tarjeta (como una tarjeta de presentación) al repositorio del modelo. La tarjeta de modelo es definida en el archivo `README.md`. Puedes agregar una de la siguiente manera:
* Elaborando y subiendo manualmente el archivo`README.md`.
* Dando click en el botón **Edit model card** dentro del repositorio.
Toma un momento para ver la [tarjeta de modelo](https://huggingface.co/distilbert-base-uncased) de DistilBert para que tengas un buen ejemplo del tipo de información que debería incluir. Consulta [la documentación](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/models-cards) para más detalles acerca de otras opciones que puedes controlar dentro del archivo `README.md` como la huella de carbono del modelo o ejemplos de widgets. Consulta la documentación [aquí] (https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/models-cards).
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# Pipelines para inferencia
Un [`pipeline`] simplifica el uso de cualquier modelo del [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models) para la inferencia en una variedad de tareas como la generación de texto, la segmentación de imágenes y la clasificación de audio. Incluso si no tienes experiencia con una modalidad específica o no comprendes el código que alimenta los modelos, ¡aún puedes usarlos con el [`pipeline`]! Este tutorial te enseñará a:
* Utilizar un [`pipeline`] para inferencia.
* Utilizar un tokenizador o modelo específico.
* Utilizar un [`pipeline`] para tareas de audio y visión.
<Tip>
Echa un vistazo a la documentación de [`pipeline`] para obtener una lista completa de tareas admitidas.
</Tip>
## Uso del pipeline
Si bien cada tarea tiene un [`pipeline`] asociado, es más sencillo usar la abstracción general [`pipeline`] que contiene todos los pipelines de tareas específicas. El [`pipeline`] carga automáticamente un modelo predeterminado y un tokenizador con capacidad de inferencia para tu tarea.
1. Comienza creando un [`pipeline`] y específica una tarea de inferencia:
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> generator = pipeline(task="text-generation")
```
2. Pasa tu texto de entrada al [`pipeline`]:
```py
>>> generator("Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone")
[{'generated_text': 'Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone, Seven for the Iron-priests at the door to the east, and thirteen for the Lord Kings at the end of the mountain'}]
```
Si tienes más de una entrada, pásala como una lista:
```py
>>> generator(
... [
... "Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone",
... "Nine for Mortal Men, doomed to die, One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne",
... ]
... )
```
Cualquier parámetro adicional para tu tarea también se puede incluir en el [`pipeline`]. La tarea `text-generation` tiene un método [`~generation.GenerationMixin.generate`] con varios parámetros para controlar la salida. Por ejemplo, si deseas generar más de una salida, defínelo en el parámetro `num_return_sequences`:
```py
>>> generator(
... "Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone",
... num_return_sequences=2,
... )
```
### Selecciona un modelo y un tokenizador
El [`pipeline`] acepta cualquier modelo del [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models). Hay etiquetas en el Model Hub que te permiten filtrar por el modelo que te gustaría utilizar para tu tarea. Una vez que hayas elegido un modelo apropiado, cárgalo con la clase `AutoModelFor` y [`AutoTokenizer`] correspondientes. Por ejemplo, carga la clase [`AutoModelForCausalLM`] para una tarea de modelado de lenguaje causal:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
```
Crea un [`pipeline`] para tu tarea y específica el modelo y el tokenizador que cargaste:
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> generator = pipeline(task="text-generation", model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer)
```
Pasa tu texto de entrada a [`pipeline`] para generar algo de texto:
```py
>>> generator("Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone")
[{'generated_text': 'Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone, Seven for the Dragon-lords (for them to rule in a world ruled by their rulers, and all who live within the realm'}]
```
## Pipeline de audio
La flexibilidad de [`pipeline`] significa que también se puede extender a tareas de audio.
Por ejemplo, clasifiquemos la emoción de un breve fragmento del famoso discurso de John F. Kennedy ["We choose to go to the Moon"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon). Encuentra un modelo de [audio classification](https://huggingface.co/models?pipeline_tag=audio-classification) para reconocimiento de emociones en el Model Hub y cárgalo en el [`pipeline`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> audio_classifier = pipeline(
... task="audio-classification", model="ehcalabres/wav2vec2-lg-xlsr-en-speech-emotion-recognition"
... )
```
Pasa el archivo de audio al [`pipeline`]:
```py
>>> audio_classifier("jfk_moon_speech.wav")
[{'label': 'calm', 'score': 0.13856211304664612},
{'label': 'disgust', 'score': 0.13148026168346405},
{'label': 'happy', 'score': 0.12635163962841034},
{'label': 'angry', 'score': 0.12439591437578201},
{'label': 'fearful', 'score': 0.12404385954141617}]
```
## Pipeline de visión
Finalmente, utilizar un [`pipeline`] para tareas de visión es prácticamente igual.
Específica tu tarea de visión y pasa tu imagen al clasificador. La imagen puede ser un enlace o una ruta local a la imagen. Por ejemplo, ¿qué especie de gato se muestra a continuación?
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> vision_classifier = pipeline(task="image-classification")
>>> vision_classifier(
... images="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg"
... )
[{'label': 'lynx, catamount', 'score': 0.4403027892112732},
{'label': 'cougar, puma, catamount, mountain lion, painter, panther, Felis concolor',
'score': 0.03433405980467796},
{'label': 'snow leopard, ounce, Panthera uncia',
'score': 0.032148055732250214},
{'label': 'Egyptian cat', 'score': 0.02353910356760025},
{'label': 'tiger cat', 'score': 0.023034192621707916}]
```
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# Usa los tokenizadores de 🤗 Tokenizers
[`PreTrainedTokenizerFast`] depende de la biblioteca [🤗 Tokenizers](https://huggingface.co/docs/tokenizers). Los tokenizadores obtenidos desde la biblioteca 🤗 Tokenizers pueden ser
cargados de forma muy sencilla en los 🤗 Transformers.
Antes de entrar en detalles, comencemos creando un tokenizador dummy en unas cuantas líneas:
```python
>>> from tokenizers import Tokenizer
>>> from tokenizers.models import BPE
>>> from tokenizers.trainers import BpeTrainer
>>> from tokenizers.pre_tokenizers import Whitespace
>>> tokenizer = Tokenizer(BPE(unk_token="[UNK]"))
>>> trainer = BpeTrainer(special_tokens=["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"])
>>> tokenizer.pre_tokenizer = Whitespace()
>>> files = [...]
>>> tokenizer.train(files, trainer)
```
Ahora tenemos un tokenizador entrenado en los archivos que definimos. Lo podemos seguir utilizando en ese entorno de ejecución (runtime en inglés), o puedes guardarlo
en un archivo JSON para reutilizarlo en un futuro.
## Cargando directamente desde el objeto tokenizador
Veamos cómo utilizar este objeto tokenizador en la biblioteca 🤗 Transformers. La clase
[`PreTrainedTokenizerFast`] permite una instanciación fácil, al aceptar el objeto
*tokenizer* instanciado como argumento:
```python
>>> from transformers import PreTrainedTokenizerFast
>>> fast_tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_object=tokenizer)
```
Este objeto ya puede ser utilizado con todos los métodos compartidos por los tokenizadores de 🤗 Transformers! Visita la [página sobre tokenizadores
](main_classes/tokenizer) para más información.
## Cargando desde un archivo JSON
Para cargar un tokenizador desde un archivo JSON, comencemos por guardar nuestro tokenizador:
```python
>>> tokenizer.save("tokenizer.json")
```
La localización (path en inglés) donde este archivo es guardado puede ser incluida en el método de inicialización de [`PreTrainedTokenizerFast`]
utilizando el parámetro `tokenizer_file`:
```python
>>> from transformers import PreTrainedTokenizerFast
>>> fast_tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast(tokenizer_file="tokenizer.json")
```
Este objeto ya puede ser utilizado con todos los métodos compartidos por los tokenizadores de 🤗 Transformers! Visita la [página sobre tokenizadores
](main_classes/tokenizer) para más información.
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# Filosofía
🤗 Transformers es una biblioteca construida para:
- Los investigadores y educadores de NLP que busquen usar/estudiar/extender modelos transformers a gran escala
- Profesionales que quieren optimizar esos modelos y/o ponerlos en producción
- Ingenieros que solo quieren descargar un modelo preentrenado y usarlo para resolver una tarea NLP dada.
La biblioteca fue diseñada con dos fuertes objetivos en mente:
- Que sea tan fácil y rápida de utilizar como sea posible:
- Hemos limitado enormemente el número de abstracciones que el usuario tiene que aprender. De hecho, no hay casi abstracciones,
solo tres clases estándar necesarias para usar cada modelo: [configuration](main_classes/configuration),
[models](main_classes/model) y [tokenizer](main_classes/tokenizer).
- Todas estas clases pueden ser inicializadas de forma simple y unificada a partir de ejemplos pre-entrenados mediante el uso de un método
`from_pretrained()` común de solicitud que se encargará de descargar (si es necesario), almacenar y cargar la solicitud de clase relacionada y datos asociados
(configurations' hyper-parameters, tokenizers' vocabulary, and models' weights) a partir de un control pre-entrenado proporcionado en
[Hugging Face Hub](https://huggingface.co/models) o de tu propio control guardado.
- Por encima de esas tres clases estándar, la biblioteca proporciona dos APIs: [`pipeline`] para usar rápidamente un modelo (junto a su configuracion y tokenizer asociados)
sobre una tarea dada, y [`Trainer`]/`Keras.fit` para entrenar u optimizar de forma rápida un modelo dado.
- Como consecuencia, esta biblioteca NO es una caja de herramientas modular de bloques individuales para redes neuronales. Si quieres extender/construir sobre la biblioteca,
usa simplemente los módulos regulares de Python/PyTorch/TensorFlow/Keras y emplea las clases estándar de la biblioteca como punto de partida para reutilizar funcionalidades
tales como abrir/guardar modelo.
- Proporciona modelos modernos con rendimientos lo más parecido posible a los modelos originales:
- Proporcionamos al menos un ejemplo para cada arquitectura que reproduce un resultado proporcionado por los autores de dicha arquitectura.
- El código normalmente es parecido al código base original, lo cual significa que algún código Pytorch puede no ser tan
*pytorchic* como podría ser por haber sido convertido a código TensorFlow, y viceversa.
Unos cuantos objetivos adicionales:
- Exponer las características internas de los modelos de la forma más coherente posible:
- Damos acceso, mediante una sola API, a todos los estados ocultos y pesos de atención.
- Tokenizer y el modelo de API base están estandarizados para cambiar fácilmente entre modelos.
- Incorporar una selección subjetiva de herramientas de gran potencial para la optimización/investigación de estos modelos:
- Una forma sencilla/coherente de añadir nuevos tokens al vocabulario e incrustraciones (embeddings, en inglés) para optimización.
- Formas sencillas de camuflar y reducir "transformer heads".
- Cambiar fácilmente entre PyTorch y TensorFlow 2.0, permitiendo el entrenamiento usando un marco y la inferencia usando otro.
## Conceptos principales
La biblioteca está construida alrededor de tres tipos de clases para cada modelo:
- **Model classes** como [`BertModel`], que consisten en más de 30 modelos PyTorch ([torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module)) o modelos Keras ([tf.keras.Model](https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/Model)) que funcionan con pesos pre-entrenados proporcionados en la
biblioteca.
- **Configuration classes** como [`BertConfig`], que almacena todos los parámetros necesarios para construir un modelo.
No siempre tienes que generarla tu. En particular, si estas usando un modelo pre-entrenado sin ninguna modificación,
la creación del modelo se encargará automáticamente de generar la configuración (que es parte del modelo).
- **Tokenizer classes** como [`BertTokenizer`], que almacena el vocabulario para cada modelo y proporciona métodos para
codificar/decodificar strings en una lista de índices de "token embeddings" para ser empleados en un modelo.
Todas estas clases pueden ser generadas a partir de ejemplos pre-entrenados, y guardados localmente usando dos métodos:
- `from_pretrained()` permite generar un modelo/configuración/tokenizer a partir de una versión pre-entrenada proporcionada ya sea por
la propia biblioteca (los modelos compatibles se pueden encontrar en [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models)) o
guardados localmente (o en un servidor) por el usuario.
- `save_pretrained()` permite guardar un modelo/configuración/tokenizer localmente, de forma que puede ser empleado de nuevo usando
`from_pretrained()`.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/_config.py | # docstyle-ignore
INSTALL_CONTENT = """
# Transformers installation
! pip install transformers datasets
# To install from source instead of the last release, comment the command above and uncomment the following one.
# ! pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git
"""
notebook_first_cells = [{"type": "code", "content": INSTALL_CONTENT}]
black_avoid_patterns = {
"{processor_class}": "FakeProcessorClass",
"{model_class}": "FakeModelClass",
"{object_class}": "FakeObjectClass",
}
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/serialization.md | <!--Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Exportar modelos 🤗 Transformers
Si necesitas implementar modelos 🤗 Transformers en entornos de producción, te
recomendamos exportarlos a un formato serializado que se pueda cargar y ejecutar
en tiempos de ejecución y hardware especializados. En esta guía, te mostraremos cómo
exportar modelos 🤗 Transformers en dos formatos ampliamente utilizados: ONNX y TorchScript.
Una vez exportado, un modelo puede optimizarse para la inferencia a través de técnicas
como la cuantización y _pruning_. Si estás interesado en optimizar tus modelos para
que funcionen con la máxima eficiencia, consulta la
[biblioteca de 🤗 Optimum](https://github.com/huggingface/optimum).
## ONNX
El proyecto [ONNX (Open Neural Network eXchange)](http://onnx.ai) es un
estándar abierto que define un conjunto común de operadores y un formato
de archivo común para representar modelos de aprendizaje profundo en una
amplia variedad de _frameworks_, incluidos PyTorch y TensorFlow. Cuando un modelo
se exporta al formato ONNX, estos operadores se usan para construir un
grafo computacional (a menudo llamado _representación intermedia_) que
representa el flujo de datos a través de la red neuronal.
Al exponer un grafo con operadores y tipos de datos estandarizados, ONNX facilita
el cambio entre frameworks. Por ejemplo, un modelo entrenado en PyTorch se puede
exportar a formato ONNX y luego importar en TensorFlow (y viceversa).
🤗 Transformers proporciona un paquete llamado `transformers.onnx`, el cual permite convertir
los checkpoints de un modelo en un grafo ONNX aprovechando los objetos de configuración.
Estos objetos de configuración están hechos a la medida de diferentes arquitecturas de modelos
y están diseñados para ser fácilmente extensibles a otras arquitecturas.
Las configuraciones a la medida incluyen las siguientes arquitecturas:
<!--This table is automatically generated by `make fix-copies`, do not fill manually!-->
- ALBERT
- BART
- BEiT
- BERT
- BigBird
- BigBird-Pegasus
- Blenderbot
- BlenderbotSmall
- BLOOM
- CamemBERT
- CLIP
- CodeGen
- ConvBERT
- ConvNeXT
- ConvNeXTV2
- Data2VecText
- Data2VecVision
- DeBERTa
- DeBERTa-v2
- DeiT
- DETR
- DistilBERT
- ELECTRA
- FlauBERT
- GPT Neo
- GPT-J
- I-BERT
- LayoutLM
- LayoutLMv3
- LeViT
- LongT5
- M2M100
- Marian
- mBART
- MobileBERT
- MobileViT
- MT5
- OpenAI GPT-2
- Perceiver
- PLBart
- ResNet
- RoBERTa
- RoFormer
- SqueezeBERT
- T5
- ViT
- XLM
- XLM-RoBERTa
- XLM-RoBERTa-XL
- YOLOS
En las próximas dos secciones, te mostraremos cómo:
* Exportar un modelo compatible utilizando el paquete `transformers.onnx`.
* Exportar un modelo personalizado para una arquitectura no compatible.
### Exportar un model a ONNX
Para exportar un modelo 🤗 Transformers a ONNX, tienes que instalar primero algunas
dependencias extra:
```bash
pip install transformers[onnx]
```
El paquete `transformers.onnx` puede ser usado luego como un módulo de Python:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --help
usage: Hugging Face Transformers ONNX exporter [-h] -m MODEL [--feature {causal-lm, ...}] [--opset OPSET] [--atol ATOL] output
positional arguments:
output Path indicating where to store generated ONNX model.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-m MODEL, --model MODEL
Model ID on huggingface.co or path on disk to load model from.
--feature {causal-lm, ...}
The type of features to export the model with.
--opset OPSET ONNX opset version to export the model with.
--atol ATOL Absolute difference tolerence when validating the model.
```
Exportar un checkpoint usando una configuración a la medida se puede hacer de la siguiente manera:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --model=distilbert-base-uncased onnx/
```
que debería mostrar los siguientes registros:
```bash
Validating ONNX model...
-[✓] ONNX model output names match reference model ({'last_hidden_state'})
- Validating ONNX Model output "last_hidden_state":
-[✓] (2, 8, 768) matches (2, 8, 768)
-[✓] all values close (atol: 1e-05)
All good, model saved at: onnx/model.onnx
```
Esto exporta un grafo ONNX del checkpoint definido por el argumento `--model`.
En este ejemplo, es un modelo `distilbert-base-uncased`, pero puede ser cualquier
checkpoint en Hugging Face Hub o que esté almacenado localmente.
El archivo `model.onnx` resultante se puede ejecutar en uno de los
[muchos aceleradores](https://onnx.ai/supported-tools.html#deployModel)
que admiten el estándar ONNX. Por ejemplo, podemos cargar y ejecutar el
modelo con [ONNX Runtime](https://onnxruntime.ai/) de la siguiente manera:
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> from onnxruntime import InferenceSession
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> session = InferenceSession("onnx/model.onnx")
>>> # ONNX Runtime expects NumPy arrays as input
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Using DistilBERT with ONNX Runtime!", return_tensors="np")
>>> outputs = session.run(output_names=["last_hidden_state"], input_feed=dict(inputs))
```
Los nombres necesarios de salida (es decir, `["last_hidden_state"]`) se pueden obtener
echando un vistazo a la configuración ONNX de cada modelo. Por ejemplo, para DistilBERT tenemos:
```python
>>> from transformers.models.distilbert import DistilBertConfig, DistilBertOnnxConfig
>>> config = DistilBertConfig()
>>> onnx_config = DistilBertOnnxConfig(config)
>>> print(list(onnx_config.outputs.keys()))
["last_hidden_state"]s
```
El proceso es idéntico para los checkpoints de TensorFlow en Hub.
Por ejemplo, podemos exportar un checkpoint puro de TensorFlow desde
[Keras](https://huggingface.co/keras-io) de la siguiente manera:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --model=keras-io/transformers-qa onnx/
```
Para exportar un modelo que está almacenado localmente, deberás tener los pesos
y tokenizadores del modelo almacenados en un directorio. Por ejemplo, podemos cargar
y guardar un checkpoint de la siguiente manera:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> # Load tokenizer and PyTorch weights form the Hub
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> pt_model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> # Save to disk
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained("local-pt-checkpoint")
>>> pt_model.save_pretrained("local-pt-checkpoint")
```
Una vez que se guarda el checkpoint, podemos exportarlo a ONNX usando el argumento `--model`
del paquete `transformers.onnx` al directorio deseado:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --model=local-pt-checkpoint onnx/
```
</pt>
<tf>
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> # Load tokenizer and TensorFlow weights from the Hub
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> tf_model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> # Save to disk
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained("local-tf-checkpoint")
>>> tf_model.save_pretrained("local-tf-checkpoint")
```
Una vez que se guarda el checkpoint, podemos exportarlo a ONNX usando el argumento `--model`
del paquete `transformers.onnx` al directorio deseado:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --model=local-tf-checkpoint onnx/
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
### Seleccionar características para diferentes topologías de un modelo
Cada configuración a la medida viene con un conjunto de _características_ que te permiten exportar
modelos para diferentes tipos de topologías o tareas. Como se muestra en la siguiente tabla, cada
función está asociada con una auto-clase de automóvil diferente:
| Feature | Auto Class |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| `causal-lm`, `causal-lm-with-past` | `AutoModelForCausalLM` |
| `default`, `default-with-past` | `AutoModel` |
| `masked-lm` | `AutoModelForMaskedLM` |
| `question-answering` | `AutoModelForQuestionAnswering` |
| `seq2seq-lm`, `seq2seq-lm-with-past` | `AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM` |
| `sequence-classification` | `AutoModelForSequenceClassification` |
| `token-classification` | `AutoModelForTokenClassification` |
Para cada configuración, puedes encontrar la lista de funciones admitidas a través de `FeaturesManager`.
Por ejemplo, para DistilBERT tenemos:
```python
>>> from transformers.onnx.features import FeaturesManager
>>> distilbert_features = list(FeaturesManager.get_supported_features_for_model_type("distilbert").keys())
>>> print(distilbert_features)
["default", "masked-lm", "causal-lm", "sequence-classification", "token-classification", "question-answering"]
```
Le puedes pasar una de estas características al argumento `--feature` en el paquete `transformers.onnx`.
Por ejemplo, para exportar un modelo de clasificación de texto, podemos elegir un modelo ya ajustado del Hub y ejecutar:
```bash
python -m transformers.onnx --model=distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english \
--feature=sequence-classification onnx/
```
que mostrará los siguientes registros:
```bash
Validating ONNX model...
-[✓] ONNX model output names match reference model ({'logits'})
- Validating ONNX Model output "logits":
-[✓] (2, 2) matches (2, 2)
-[✓] all values close (atol: 1e-05)
All good, model saved at: onnx/model.onnx
```
Ten en cuenta que, en este caso, los nombres de salida del modelo ajustado son `logits` en lugar de `last_hidden_state`
que vimos anteriormente con el checkpoint `distilbert-base-uncased`. Esto es de esperarse ya que el modelo ajustado
tiene un cabezal de clasificación secuencial.
<Tip>
Las características que tienen un sufijo 'with-past' (por ejemplo, 'causal-lm-with-past') corresponden a topologías
de modelo con estados ocultos precalculados (clave y valores en los bloques de atención) que se pueden usar para una
decodificación autorregresiva más rápida.
</Tip>
### Exportar un modelo para una arquitectura no compatible
Si deseas exportar un modelo cuya arquitectura no es compatible de forma nativa
con la biblioteca, debes seguir tres pasos principales:
1. Implementa una configuración personalizada en ONNX.
2. Exporta el modelo a ONNX.
3. Valide los resultados de PyTorch y los modelos exportados.
En esta sección, veremos cómo se implementó la serialización de DistilBERT
para mostrar lo que implica cada paso.
#### Implementar una configuración personalizada en ONNX
Comencemos con el objeto de configuración de ONNX. Proporcionamos tres clases abstractas
de las que debe heredar, según el tipo de arquitectura del modelo que quieras exportar:
* Modelos basados en el _Encoder_ inherente de [`~onnx.config.OnnxConfig`]
* Modelos basados en el _Decoder_ inherente de [`~onnx.config.OnnxConfigWithPast`]
* Modelos _Encoder-decoder_ inherente de [`~onnx.config.OnnxSeq2SeqConfigWithPast`]
<Tip>
Una buena manera de implementar una configuración personalizada en ONNX es observar la implementación
existente en el archivo `configuration_<model_name>.py` de una arquitectura similar.
</Tip>
Dado que DistilBERT es un modelo de tipo _encoder_, su configuración se hereda de `OnnxConfig`:
```python
>>> from typing import Mapping, OrderedDict
>>> from transformers.onnx import OnnxConfig
>>> class DistilBertOnnxConfig(OnnxConfig):
... @property
... def inputs(self) -> Mapping[str, Mapping[int, str]]:
... return OrderedDict(
... [
... ("input_ids", {0: "batch", 1: "sequence"}),
... ("attention_mask", {0: "batch", 1: "sequence"}),
... ]
... )
```
Cada objeto de configuración debe implementar la propiedad `inputs` y devolver un mapeo,
donde cada llave corresponde a una entrada esperada y cada valor indica el eje de esa entrada.
Para DistilBERT, podemos ver que se requieren dos entradas: `input_ids` y `attention_mask`.
Estas entradas tienen la misma forma de `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, es por lo que vemos
los mismos ejes utilizados en la configuración.
<Tip>
Observa que la propiedad `inputs` para `DistilBertOnnxConfig` devuelve un `OrderedDict`.
Esto nos asegura que las entradas coincidan con su posición relativa dentro del método
`PreTrainedModel.forward()` al rastrear el grafo. Recomendamos usar un `OrderedDict`
para las propiedades `inputs` y `outputs` al implementar configuraciones ONNX personalizadas.
</Tip>
Una vez que hayas implementado una configuración ONNX, puedes crear una
instancia proporcionando la configuración del modelo base de la siguiente manera:
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoConfig
>>> config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> onnx_config = DistilBertOnnxConfig(config)
```
El objeto resultante tiene varias propiedades útiles. Por ejemplo, puedes ver el conjunto de operadores ONNX que se
utilizará durante la exportación:
```python
>>> print(onnx_config.default_onnx_opset)
11
```
También puedes ver los resultados asociados con el modelo de la siguiente manera:
```python
>>> print(onnx_config.outputs)
OrderedDict([("last_hidden_state", {0: "batch", 1: "sequence"})])
```
Observa que la propiedad de salidas sigue la misma estructura que las entradas;
devuelve un objecto `OrderedDict` de salidas nombradas y sus formas. La estructura
de salida está vinculada a la elección de la función con la que se inicializa la configuración.
Por defecto, la configuración de ONNX se inicializa con la función `default` que
corresponde a exportar un modelo cargado con la clase `AutoModel`. Si quieres exportar
una topología de modelo diferente, simplemente proporciona una característica diferente
al argumento `task` cuando inicialices la configuración de ONNX. Por ejemplo, si quisiéramos
exportar DistilBERT con un cabezal de clasificación de secuencias, podríamos usar:
```python
>>> from transformers import AutoConfig
>>> config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
>>> onnx_config_for_seq_clf = DistilBertOnnxConfig(config, task="sequence-classification")
>>> print(onnx_config_for_seq_clf.outputs)
OrderedDict([('logits', {0: 'batch'})])
```
<Tip>
Todas las propiedades base y métodos asociados con [`~onnx.config.OnnxConfig`] y las
otras clases de configuración se pueden sobreescribir si es necesario.
Consulte [`BartOnnxConfig`] para ver un ejemplo avanzado.
</Tip>
#### Exportar el modelo
Una vez que hayas implementado la configuración de ONNX, el siguiente paso es exportar el modelo.
Aquí podemos usar la función `export()` proporcionada por el paquete `transformers.onnx`.
Esta función espera la configuración de ONNX, junto con el modelo base y el tokenizador,
y la ruta para guardar el archivo exportado:
```python
>>> from pathlib import Path
>>> from transformers.onnx import export
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel
>>> onnx_path = Path("model.onnx")
>>> model_ckpt = "distilbert-base-uncased"
>>> base_model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(model_ckpt)
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_ckpt)
>>> onnx_inputs, onnx_outputs = export(tokenizer, base_model, onnx_config, onnx_config.default_onnx_opset, onnx_path)
```
Los objetos `onnx_inputs` y `onnx_outputs` devueltos por la función `export()`
son listas de llaves definidas en las propiedades `inputs` y `outputs` de la configuración.
Una vez exportado el modelo, puedes probar que el modelo está bien formado de la siguiente manera:
```python
>>> import onnx
>>> onnx_model = onnx.load("model.onnx")
>>> onnx.checker.check_model(onnx_model)
```
<Tip>
Si tu modelo tiene más de 2GB, verás que se crean muchos archivos adicionales durante la exportación.
Esto es _esperado_ porque ONNX usa [Búferes de protocolo](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/)
para almacenar el modelo y éstos tienen un límite de tamaño de 2 GB. Consulta la
[documentación de ONNX](https://github.com/onnx/onnx/blob/master/docs/ExternalData.md) para obtener
instrucciones sobre cómo cargar modelos con datos externos.
</Tip>
#### Validar los resultados del modelo
El paso final es validar que los resultados del modelo base y exportado coincidan dentro
de cierta tolerancia absoluta. Aquí podemos usar la función `validate_model_outputs()`
proporcionada por el paquete `transformers.onnx` de la siguiente manera:
```python
>>> from transformers.onnx import validate_model_outputs
>>> validate_model_outputs(
... onnx_config, tokenizer, base_model, onnx_path, onnx_outputs, onnx_config.atol_for_validation
... )
```
Esta función usa el método `OnnxConfig.generate_dummy_inputs()` para generar entradas para el modelo base
y exportado, y la tolerancia absoluta se puede definir en la configuración. En general, encontramos una
concordancia numérica en el rango de 1e-6 a 1e-4, aunque es probable que cualquier valor menor que 1e-3 esté bien.
### Contribuir con una nueva configuración a 🤗 Transformers
¡Estamos buscando expandir el conjunto de configuraciones a la medida para usar y agradecemos las contribuciones de la comunidad!
Si deseas contribuir con su colaboración a la biblioteca, deberás:
* Implementa la configuración de ONNX en el archivo `configuration_<model_name>.py` correspondiente
* Incluye la arquitectura del modelo y las características correspondientes en [`~onnx.features.FeatureManager`]
* Agrega tu arquitectura de modelo a las pruebas en `test_onnx_v2.py`
Revisa cómo fue la contribución para la [configuración de IBERT](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/14868/files)
y así tener una idea de lo que necesito.
## TorchScript
<Tip>
Este es el comienzo de nuestros experimentos con TorchScript y todavía estamos explorando sus capacidades con modelos de
tamaño de entrada variable. Es un tema de interés y profundizaremos nuestro análisis en las próximas
versiones, con más ejemplos de código, una implementación más flexible y puntos de referencia que comparen códigos
basados en Python con TorchScript compilado.
</Tip>
Según la documentación de PyTorch: "TorchScript es una forma de crear modelos serializables y optimizables a partir del
código de PyTorch". Los dos módulos de Pytorch [JIT y TRACE](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/jit.html) permiten al
desarrollador exportar su modelo para reutilizarlo en otros programas, como los programas C++ orientados a la eficiencia.
Hemos proporcionado una interfaz que permite exportar modelos de 🤗 Transformers a TorchScript para que puedan reutilizarse
en un entorno diferente al de un programa Python basado en PyTorch. Aquí explicamos cómo exportar y usar nuestros modelos
usando TorchScript.
Exportar un modelo requiere de dos cosas:
- un pase hacia adelante con entradas ficticias.
- instanciación del modelo con la indicador `torchscript`.
Estas necesidades implican varias cosas con las que los desarrolladores deben tener cuidado. Éstas se detallan a continuación.
### Indicador de TorchScript y pesos atados
Este indicador es necesario porque la mayoría de los modelos de lenguaje en este repositorio tienen pesos vinculados entre su capa
de `Embedding` y su capa de `Decoding`. TorchScript no permite la exportación de modelos que tengan pesos atados, por lo que es
necesario desvincular y clonar los pesos previamente.
Esto implica que los modelos instanciados con el indicador `torchscript` tienen su capa `Embedding` y `Decoding` separadas,
lo que significa que no deben entrenarse más adelante. El entrenamiento desincronizaría las dos capas, lo que generaría
resultados inesperados.
Este no es el caso de los modelos que no tienen un cabezal de modelo de lenguaje, ya que no tienen pesos atados.
Estos modelos se pueden exportar de forma segura sin el indicador `torchscript`.
### Entradas ficticias y longitudes estándar
Las entradas ficticias se utilizan para crear un modelo de pase hacia adelante. Mientras los valores de las entradas se
propagan a través de las capas, PyTorch realiza un seguimiento de las diferentes operaciones ejecutadas en cada tensor.
Estas operaciones registradas se utilizan luego para crear el "rastro" del modelo.
El rastro se crea en relación con las dimensiones de las entradas. Por lo tanto, está limitado por las dimensiones de la
entrada ficticia y no funcionará para ninguna otra longitud de secuencia o tamaño de lote. Al intentar con un tamaño diferente,
un error como:
`The expanded size of the tensor (3) must match the existing size (7) at non-singleton dimension 2`
aparecerá. Por lo tanto, se recomienda rastrear el modelo con un tamaño de entrada ficticia al menos tan grande como la
entrada más grande que se alimentará al modelo durante la inferencia. El _padding_ se puede realizar para completar los
valores que faltan. Sin embargo, como el modelo se habrá rastreado con un tamaño de entrada grande, las dimensiones de
las diferentes matrices también serán grandes, lo que dará como resultado más cálculos.
Se recomienda tener cuidado con el número total de operaciones realizadas en cada entrada y seguir de cerca el rendimiento
al exportar modelos de longitud de secuencia variable.
### Usar TorchScript en Python
A continuación se muestra un ejemplo que muestra cómo guardar, cargar modelos y cómo usar el rastreo para la inferencia.
#### Guardando un modelo
Este fragmento muestra cómo usar TorchScript para exportar un `BertModel`. Aquí, el `BertModel` se instancia de acuerdo
con la clase `BertConfig` y luego se guarda en el disco con el nombre de archivo `traced_bert.pt`
```python
from transformers import BertModel, BertTokenizer, BertConfig
import torch
enc = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
# Tokenizing input text
text = "[CLS] Who was Jim Henson ? [SEP] Jim Henson was a puppeteer [SEP]"
tokenized_text = enc.tokenize(text)
# Masking one of the input tokens
masked_index = 8
tokenized_text[masked_index] = "[MASK]"
indexed_tokens = enc.convert_tokens_to_ids(tokenized_text)
segments_ids = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
# Creating a dummy input
tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([indexed_tokens])
segments_tensors = torch.tensor([segments_ids])
dummy_input = [tokens_tensor, segments_tensors]
# Initializing the model with the torchscript flag
# Flag set to True even though it is not necessary as this model does not have an LM Head.
config = BertConfig(
vocab_size_or_config_json_file=32000,
hidden_size=768,
num_hidden_layers=12,
num_attention_heads=12,
intermediate_size=3072,
torchscript=True,
)
# Instantiating the model
model = BertModel(config)
# The model needs to be in evaluation mode
model.eval()
# If you are instantiating the model with *from_pretrained* you can also easily set the TorchScript flag
model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased", torchscript=True)
# Creating the trace
traced_model = torch.jit.trace(model, [tokens_tensor, segments_tensors])
torch.jit.save(traced_model, "traced_bert.pt")
```
#### Cargar un modelo
Este fragmento muestra cómo cargar el `BertModel` que se guardó previamente en el disco con el nombre `traced_bert.pt`.
Estamos reutilizando el `dummy_input` previamente inicializado.
```python
loaded_model = torch.jit.load("traced_bert.pt")
loaded_model.eval()
all_encoder_layers, pooled_output = loaded_model(*dummy_input)
```
#### Usar un modelo rastreado para la inferencia
Usar el modelo rastreado para la inferencia es tan simple como usar su método `__call__`:
```python
traced_model(tokens_tensor, segments_tensors)
```
### Implementar los modelos HuggingFace TorchScript en AWS mediante Neuron SDK
AWS presentó la familia de instancias [Amazon EC2 Inf1](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/inf1/) para la inferencia
de aprendizaje automático de bajo costo y alto rendimiento en la nube. Las instancias Inf1 funcionan con el chip AWS
Inferentia, un acelerador de hardware personalizado, que se especializa en cargas de trabajo de inferencia de aprendizaje
profundo. [AWS Neuron](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/#) es el kit de desarrollo para Inferentia
que admite el rastreo y la optimización de modelos de transformers para su implementación en Inf1. El SDK de Neuron proporciona:
1. API fácil de usar con una línea de cambio de código para rastrear y optimizar un modelo de TorchScript para la inferencia en la nube.
2. Optimizaciones de rendimiento listas para usar con un [costo-rendimiento mejorado](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/neuron-guide/benchmark/>)
3. Soporte para modelos HuggingFace Transformers construidos con [PyTorch](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/src/examples/pytorch/bert_tutorial/tutorial_pretrained_bert.html)
o [TensorFlow](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/src/examples/tensorflow/huggingface_bert/huggingface_bert.html).
#### Implicaciones
Los modelos Transformers basados en la arquitectura
[BERT (Representaciones de _Enconder_ bidireccional de Transformers)](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/bert),
o sus variantes, como [distilBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/distilbert) y
[roBERTa](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/roberta), se ejecutarán mejor en Inf1 para tareas no
generativas, como la respuesta extractiva de preguntas, la clasificación de secuencias y la clasificación de tokens.
Como alternativa, las tareas de generación de texto se pueden adaptar para ejecutarse en Inf1, según este
[tutorial de AWS Neuron MarianMT](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/src/examples/pytorch/transformers-marianmt.html).
Puedes encontrar más información sobre los modelos que están listos para usarse en Inferentia en la
[sección _Model Architecture Fit_ de la documentación de Neuron](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/neuron-guide/models/models-inferentia.html#models-inferentia).
#### Dependencias
Usar AWS Neuron para convertir modelos requiere las siguientes dependencias y entornos:
* Un [entorno Neuron SDK](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/neuron-guide/neuron-frameworks/pytorch-neuron/index.html#installation-guide),
que viene preconfigurado en [AWS Deep Learning AMI](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dlami/latest/devguide/tutorial-inferentia-launching.html).
#### Convertir un modelo a AWS Neuron
Con el mismo script usado en [Uso de TorchScript en Python](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/es/serialization#using-torchscript-in-python)
para rastrear un "BertModel", puedes importar la extensión del _framework_ `torch.neuron` para acceder a los componentes
del SDK de Neuron a través de una API de Python.
```python
from transformers import BertModel, BertTokenizer, BertConfig
import torch
import torch.neuron
```
Y modificando la línea de código de rastreo de:
```python
torch.jit.trace(model, [tokens_tensor, segments_tensors])
```
con lo siguiente:
```python
torch.neuron.trace(model, [token_tensor, segments_tensors])
```
Este cambio permite a Neuron SDK rastrear el modelo y optimizarlo para ejecutarse en instancias Inf1.
Para obtener más información sobre las funciones, las herramientas, los tutoriales de ejemplo y las últimas actualizaciones
de AWS Neuron SDK, consulte la [documentación de AWS NeuronSDK](https://awsdocs-neuron.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/index.html).
| 0 |
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
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# BERTología
Hay un creciente campo de estudio empeñado en la investigación del funcionamiento interno de los transformers de gran escala como BERT
(que algunos llaman "BERTología"). Algunos buenos ejemplos de este campo son:
- BERT Rediscovers the Classical NLP Pipeline por Ian Tenney, Dipanjan Das, Ellie Pavlick:
https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.05950
- Are Sixteen Heads Really Better than One? por Paul Michel, Omer Levy, Graham Neubig: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10650
- What Does BERT Look At? An Analysis of BERT's Attention por Kevin Clark, Urvashi Khandelwal, Omer Levy, Christopher D.
Manning: https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04341
- CAT-probing: A Metric-based Approach to Interpret How Pre-trained Models for Programming Language Attend Code Structure: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.04633
Para asistir al desarrollo de este nuevo campo, hemos incluido algunas features adicionales en los modelos BERT/GPT/GPT-2 para
ayudar a acceder a las representaciones internas, principalmente adaptado de la gran obra de Paul Michel
(https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10650):
- accediendo a todos los hidden-states de BERT/GPT/GPT-2,
- accediendo a todos los pesos de atención para cada head de BERT/GPT/GPT-2,
- adquiriendo los valores de salida y gradientes de las heads para poder computar la métrica de importancia de las heads y realizar la poda de heads como se explica
en https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10650.
Para ayudarte a entender y usar estas features, hemos añadido un script específico de ejemplo: [bertology.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/bertology/run_bertology.py) mientras extraes información y cortas un modelo pre-entrenado en
GLUE.
| 0 |
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# Comunidad
Esta página agrupa los recursos de 🤗 Transformers desarrollados por la comunidad.
## Los recursos de la comunidad:
| Recurso | Descripción | Autor |
|:----------|:-------------|------:|
| [Hugging Face Transformers Glossary Flashcards](https://www.darigovresearch.com/huggingface-transformers-glossary-flashcards) | Un conjunto de flashcards basadas en el [Glosario de documentos de Transformers] (glosario) que se ha puesto en un formato que se puede aprender/revisar fácilmente usando [Anki] (https://apps.ankiweb.net/) una fuente abierta, aplicación de multiplataforma diseñada específicamente para la retención de conocimientos a largo plazo. Ve este [Introductory video on how to use the flashcards](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dji_h7PILrw). | [Darigov Research](https://www.darigovresearch.com/) |
## Los cuadernos de la comunidad:
| Cuaderno | Descripción | Autor | |
|:----------|:-------------|:-------------|------:|
| [Ajustar un transformador preentrenado para generar letras](https://github.com/AlekseyKorshuk/huggingartists) | Cómo generar letras al estilo de tu artista favorito ajustando un modelo GPT-2 | [Aleksey Korshuk](https://github.com/AlekseyKorshuk) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/AlekseyKorshuk/huggingartists/blob/master/huggingartists-demo.ipynb) |
| [Entrenar T5 en Tensorflow 2](https://github.com/snapthat/TF-T5-text-to-text) | Cómo entrenar a T5 para cualquier tarea usando Tensorflow 2. Este cuaderno demuestra una tarea de preguntas y respuestas implementada en Tensorflow 2 usando SQUAD | [Muhammad Harris](https://github.com/HarrisDePerceptron) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/snapthat/TF-T5-text-to-text/blob/master/snapthatT5/notebooks/TF-T5-Datasets%20Training.ipynb) |
| [Entrenar T5 en TPU](https://github.com/patil-suraj/exploring-T5/blob/master/T5_on_TPU.ipynb) | Cómo entrenar a T5 en SQUAD con Transformers y Nlp | [Suraj Patil](https://github.com/patil-suraj) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patil-suraj/exploring-T5/blob/master/T5_on_TPU.ipynb#scrollTo=QLGiFCDqvuil) |
| [Ajustar T5 para Clasificación y Opción Múltiple](https://github.com/patil-suraj/exploring-T5/blob/master/t5_fine_tuning.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar T5 para clasificación y tareas de opción múltiple usando un formato de texto a texto con PyTorch Lightning | [Suraj Patil](https://github.com/patil-suraj) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patil-suraj/exploring-T5/blob/master/t5_fine_tuning.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar DialoGPT en nuevos conjuntos de datos e idiomas](https://github.com/ncoop57/i-am-a-nerd/blob/master/_notebooks/2020-05-12-chatbot-part-1.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar el modelo DialoGPT en un nuevo conjunto de datos para chatbots conversacionales de diálogo abierto | [Nathan Cooper](https://github.com/ncoop57) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/ncoop57/i-am-a-nerd/blob/master/_notebooks/2020-05-12-chatbot-part-1.ipynb) |
| [Modelado de secuencias largas con Reformer](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/PyTorch_Reformer.ipynb) | Cómo entrenar en secuencias de hasta 500,000 tokens con Reformer | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/PyTorch_Reformer.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar BART para resumir](https://github.com/ohmeow/ohmeow_website/blob/master/_notebooks/2020-05-23-text-generation-with-blurr.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar BART para resumir con fastai usando blurr | [Wayde Gilliam](https://ohmeow.com/) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/ohmeow/ohmeow_website/blob/master/_notebooks/2020-05-23-text-generation-with-blurr.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar un Transformador previamente entrenado en los tweets de cualquier persona](https://colab.research.google.com/github/borisdayma/huggingtweets/blob/master/huggingtweets-demo.ipynb) | Cómo generar tweets al estilo de tu cuenta de Twitter favorita ajustando un modelo GPT-2 | [Boris Dayma](https://github.com/borisdayma) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/borisdayma/huggingtweets/blob/master/huggingtweets-demo.ipynb) |
| [Optimizar 🤗 modelos de Hugging Face con pesos y sesgos](https://colab.research.google.com/github/wandb/examples/blob/master/colabs/huggingface/Optimize_Hugging_Face_models_with_Weights_%26_Biases.ipynb) | Un tutorial completo que muestra la integración de W&B con Hugging Face | [Boris Dayma](https://github.com/borisdayma) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/wandb/examples/blob/master/colabs/huggingface/Optimize_Hugging_Face_models_with_Weights_%26_Biases.ipynb) |
| [Preentrenar Longformer](https://github.com/allenai/longformer/blob/master/scripts/convert_model_to_long.ipynb) | Cómo construir una versión "larga" de modelos preentrenados existentes | [Iz Beltagy](https://beltagy.net) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/allenai/longformer/blob/master/scripts/convert_model_to_long.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar Longformer para control de calidad](https://github.com/patil-suraj/Notebooks/blob/master/longformer_qa_training.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar el modelo antiguo para la tarea de control de calidad | [Suraj Patil](https://github.com/patil-suraj) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patil-suraj/Notebooks/blob/master/longformer_qa_training.ipynb) |
| [Evaluar modelo con 🤗nlp](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/How_to_evaluate_Longformer_on_TriviaQA_using_NLP.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar longformer en TriviaQA con `nlp` | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1m7eTGlPmLRgoPkkA7rkhQdZ9ydpmsdLE?usp=sharing) |
| [Ajustar fino de T5 para la extracción de amplitud de opinión](https://github.com/enzoampil/t5-intro/blob/master/t5_qa_training_pytorch_span_extraction.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar T5 para la extracción de intervalos de opiniones mediante un formato de texto a texto con PyTorch Lightning | [Lorenzo Ampil](https://github.com/enzoampil) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/enzoampil/t5-intro/blob/master/t5_qa_training_pytorch_span_extraction.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar fino de DistilBert para la clasificación multiclase](https://github.com/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_multiclass_classification.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar DistilBert para la clasificación multiclase con PyTorch | [Abhishek Kumar Mishra](https://github.com/abhimishra91) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_multiclass_classification.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar BERT para la clasificación de etiquetas múltiples](https://github.com/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_multi_label_classification.ipynb)| Cómo ajustar BERT para la clasificación de múltiples etiquetas usando PyTorch |[Abhishek Kumar Mishra](https://github.com/abhimishra91) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_multi_label_classification.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar T5 para resumir](https://github.com/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_summarization_wandb.ipynb)| Cómo ajustar T5 para resumir en PyTorch y realizar un seguimiento de los experimentos con WandB |[Abhishek Kumar Mishra](https://github.com/abhimishra91) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/abhimishra91/transformers-tutorials/blob/master/transformers_summarization_wandb.ipynb)|
|[Acelerar el ajuste fino en transformadores con Dynamic Padding/Bucketing](https://github.com/ELS-RD/transformers-notebook/blob/master/Divide_Hugging_Face_Transformers_training_time_by_2_or_more.ipynb)| Cómo acelerar el ajuste fino en un factor de 2 usando relleno dinámico/cubetas |[Michael Benesty](https://github.com/pommedeterresautee) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1CBfRU1zbfu7-ijiOqAAQUA-RJaxfcJoO?usp=sharing)|
|[Preentrenar Reformer para modelado de lenguaje enmascarado](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/Reformer_For_Masked_LM.ipynb)| Cómo entrenar un modelo Reformer con capas de autoatención bidireccionales | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1tzzh0i8PgDQGV3SMFUGxM7_gGae3K-uW?usp=sharing)|
|[Ampliar y ajustar Sci-BERT](https://github.com/lordtt13/word-embeddings/blob/master/COVID-19%20Research%20Data/COVID-SciBERT.ipynb)| Cómo aumentar el vocabulario de un modelo SciBERT preentrenado de AllenAI en el conjunto de datos CORD y canalizarlo. | [Tanmay Thakur](https://github.com/lordtt13) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1rqAR40goxbAfez1xvF3hBJphSCsvXmh8)|
|[Ajustar fino de BlenderBotSmall para resúmenes usando la API de Entrenador](https://github.com/lordtt13/transformers-experiments/blob/master/Custom%20Tasks/fine-tune-blenderbot_small-for-summarization.ipynb)| Cómo ajustar BlenderBotSmall para resumir en un conjunto de datos personalizado, utilizando la API de Entrenador. | [Tanmay Thakur](https://github.com/lordtt13) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/19Wmupuls7mykSGyRN_Qo6lPQhgp56ymq?usp=sharing)|
|[Ajustar Electra e interpreta con gradientes integrados](https://github.com/elsanns/xai-nlp-notebooks/blob/master/electra_fine_tune_interpret_captum_ig.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar Electra para el análisis de sentimientos e interpretar predicciones con Captum Integrated Gradients | [Eliza Szczechla](https://elsanns.github.io) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/elsanns/xai-nlp-notebooks/blob/master/electra_fine_tune_interpret_captum_ig.ipynb)|
|[ajustar un modelo GPT-2 que no está en inglés con la clase Trainer](https://github.com/philschmid/fine-tune-GPT-2/blob/master/Fine_tune_a_non_English_GPT_2_Model_with_Huggingface.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar un modelo GPT-2 que no está en inglés con la clase Trainer | [Philipp Schmid](https://www.philschmid.de) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/philschmid/fine-tune-GPT-2/blob/master/Fine_tune_a_non_English_GPT_2_Model_with_Huggingface.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar un modelo DistilBERT para la tarea de clasificación de múltiples etiquetas](https://github.com/DhavalTaunk08/Transformers_scripts/blob/master/Transformers_multilabel_distilbert.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar un modelo DistilBERT para la tarea de clasificación de múltiples etiquetas | [Dhaval Taunk](https://github.com/DhavalTaunk08) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/DhavalTaunk08/Transformers_scripts/blob/master/Transformers_multilabel_distilbert.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar ALBERT para la clasificación de pares de oraciones](https://github.com/NadirEM/nlp-notebooks/blob/master/Fine_tune_ALBERT_sentence_pair_classification.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar un modelo ALBERT u otro modelo basado en BERT para la tarea de clasificación de pares de oraciones | [Nadir El Manouzi](https://github.com/NadirEM) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NadirEM/nlp-notebooks/blob/master/Fine_tune_ALBERT_sentence_pair_classification.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar a Roberta para el análisis de sentimientos](https://github.com/DhavalTaunk08/NLP_scripts/blob/master/sentiment_analysis_using_roberta.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar un modelo de Roberta para el análisis de sentimientos | [Dhaval Taunk](https://github.com/DhavalTaunk08) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/DhavalTaunk08/NLP_scripts/blob/master/sentiment_analysis_using_roberta.ipynb)|
|[Evaluación de modelos de generación de preguntas](https://github.com/flexudy-pipe/qugeev) | ¿Qué tan precisas son las respuestas a las preguntas generadas por tu modelo de transformador seq2seq? | [Pascal Zoleko](https://github.com/zolekode) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1bpsSqCQU-iw_5nNoRm_crPq6FRuJthq_?usp=sharing)|
|[Clasificar texto con DistilBERT y Tensorflow](https://github.com/peterbayerle/huggingface_notebook/blob/main/distilbert_tf.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar DistilBERT para la clasificación de texto en TensorFlow | [Peter Bayerle](https://github.com/peterbayerle) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/peterbayerle/huggingface_notebook/blob/main/distilbert_tf.ipynb)|
|[Aprovechar BERT para el resumen de codificador y decodificador en CNN/Dailymail](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/BERT2BERT_for_CNN_Dailymail.ipynb) | Cómo iniciar en caliente un *EncoderDecoderModel* con un punto de control *bert-base-uncased* para resumir en CNN/Dailymail | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/BERT2BERT_for_CNN_Dailymail.ipynb)|
|[Aprovechar RoBERTa para el resumen de codificador-decodificador en BBC XSum](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/RoBERTaShared_for_BBC_XSum.ipynb) | Cómo iniciar en caliente un *EncoderDecoderModel* compartido con un punto de control *roberta-base* para resumir en BBC/XSum | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/RoBERTaShared_for_BBC_XSum.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar TAPAS en Sequential Question Answering (SQA)](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/TAPAS/Fine_tuning_TapasForQuestionAnswering_on_SQA.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar *TapasForQuestionAnswering* con un punto de control *tapas-base* en el conjunto de datos del Sequential Question Answering (SQA) | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/TAPAS/Fine_tuning_TapasForQuestionAnswering_on_SQA.ipynb)|
|[Evaluar TAPAS en Table Fact Checking (TabFact)](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/TAPAS/Evaluating_TAPAS_on_the_Tabfact_test_set.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar un *TapasForSequenceClassification* ajustado con un punto de control *tapas-base-finetuned-tabfact* usando una combinación de 🤗 conjuntos de datos y 🤗 bibliotecas de transformadores | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/TAPAS/Evaluating_TAPAS_on_the_Tabfact_test_set.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar de mBART para traducción](https://colab.research.google.com/github/vasudevgupta7/huggingface-tutorials/blob/main/translation_training.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar mBART utilizando Seq2SeqTrainer para la traducción del hindi al inglés | [Vasudev Gupta](https://github.com/vasudevgupta7) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/vasudevgupta7/huggingface-tutorials/blob/main/translation_training.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar LayoutLM en FUNSD (a form understanding dataset)](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForTokenClassification_on_FUNSD.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar *LayoutLMForTokenClassification* en el conjunto de datos de FUNSD para la extracción de información de documentos escaneados | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForTokenClassification_on_FUNSD.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar DistilGPT2 y genere texto](https://colab.research.google.com/github/tripathiaakash/DistilGPT2-Tutorial/blob/main/distilgpt2_fine_tuning.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar DistilGPT2 y generar texto | [Aakash Tripathi](https://github.com/tripathiaakash) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/tripathiaakash/DistilGPT2-Tutorial/blob/main/distilgpt2_fine_tuning.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar LED en tokens de hasta 8K](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/Fine_tune_Longformer_Encoder_Decoder_(LED)_for_Summarization_on_pubmed.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar LED en pubmed para resúmenes de largo alcance | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/Fine_tune_Longformer_Encoder_Decoder_(LED)_for_Summarization_on_pubmed.ipynb)|
|[Evaluar LED en Arxiv](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/LED_on_Arxiv.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar efectivamente LED en resúmenes de largo alcance | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/LED_on_Arxiv.ipynb)|
|[Ajustar fino de LayoutLM en RVL-CDIP (un conjunto de datos de clasificación de imágenes de documentos)](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForSequenceClassification_on_RVL_CDIP.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar *LayoutLMForSequenceClassification* en el conjunto de datos RVL-CDIP para la clasificación de documentos escaneados | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForSequenceClassification_on_RVL_CDIP.ipynb)|
|[Decodificación Wav2Vec2 CTC con ajuste GPT2](https://github.com/voidful/huggingface_notebook/blob/main/xlsr_gpt.ipynb) | Cómo decodificar la secuencia CTC con el ajuste del modelo de lenguaje | [Eric Lam](https://github.com/voidful) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1e_z5jQHYbO2YKEaUgzb1ww1WwiAyydAj?usp=sharing)|
|[Ajustar BART para resúmenes en dos idiomas con la clase Trainer](https://github.com/elsanns/xai-nlp-notebooks/blob/master/fine_tune_bart_summarization_two_langs.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar BART para resúmenes en dos idiomas con la clase Trainer | [Eliza Szczechla](https://github.com/elsanns) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/elsanns/xai-nlp-notebooks/blob/master/fine_tune_bart_summarization_two_langs.ipynb)|
|[Evaluar Big Bird en Trivia QA](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/Evaluating_Big_Bird_on_TriviaQA.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar BigBird en respuesta a preguntas de documentos largos en Trivia QA | [Patrick von Platen](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/patrickvonplaten/notebooks/blob/master/Evaluating_Big_Bird_on_TriviaQA.ipynb)|
| [Crear subtítulos de video usando Wav2Vec2](https://github.com/Muennighoff/ytclipcc/blob/main/wav2vec_youtube_captions.ipynb) | Cómo crear subtítulos de YouTube a partir de cualquier vídeo transcribiendo el audio con Wav2Vec | [Niklas Muennighoff](https://github.com/Muennighoff) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/Muennighoff/ytclipcc/blob/main/wav2vec_youtube_captions.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar el transformador de visión en CIFAR-10 usando PyTorch Lightning](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/VisionTransformer/Fine_tuning_the_Vision_Transformer_on_CIFAR_10_with_PyTorch_Lightning.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar el transformador de visión (ViT) en CIFAR-10 usando transformadores HuggingFace, conjuntos de datos y PyTorch Lightning | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/VisionTransformer/Fine_tuning_the_Vision_Transformer_on_CIFAR_10_with_PyTorch_Lightning.ipynb) |
| [Ajustar el Transformador de visión en CIFAR-10 usando el 🤗 Entrenador](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/VisionTransformer/Fine_tuning_the_Vision_Transformer_on_CIFAR_10_with_the_%F0%9F%A4%97_Trainer.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar el Vision Transformer (ViT) en CIFAR-10 usando HuggingFace Transformers, Datasets y el 🤗 Trainer | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/nielsrogge) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/VisionTransformer/Fine_tuning_the_Vision_Transformer_on_CIFAR_10_with_the_%F0%9F%A4%97_Trainer.ipynb) |
| [Evaluar LUKE en Open Entity, un conjunto de datos de tipificación de entidades](https://github.com/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_open_entity.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar *LukeForEntityClassification* en el conjunto de datos de entidad abierta | [Ikuya Yamada](https://github.com/ikuyamada) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_open_entity.ipynb) |
| [Evaluar LUKE en TACRED, un conjunto de datos de extracción de relaciones](https://github.com/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_tacred.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar *LukeForEntityPairClassification* en el conjunto de datos TACRED | [Ikuya Yamada](https://github.com/ikuyamada) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_tacred.ipynb) |
| [Evaluar LUKE en CoNLL-2003, un punto de referencia importante de NER](https://github.com/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_conll_2003.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar *LukeForEntitySpanClassification* en el conjunto de datos CoNLL-2003 | [Ikuya Yamada](https://github.com/ikuyamada) |[](https://colab.research.google.com/github/studio-ousia/luke/blob/master/notebooks/huggingface_conll_2003.ipynb) |
| [Evaluar BigBird-Pegasus en el conjunto de datos de PubMed](https://github.com/vasudevgupta7/bigbird/blob/main/notebooks/bigbird_pegasus_evaluation.ipynb) | Cómo evaluar *BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration* en el conjunto de datos de PubMed | [Vasudev Gupta](https://github.com/vasudevgupta7) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/vasudevgupta7/bigbird/blob/main/notebooks/bigbird_pegasus_evaluation.ipynb) |
| [Clasificación de emociones del habla con Wav2Vec2](https://github/m3hrdadfi/soxan/blob/main/notebooks/Emotion_recognition_in_Greek_speech_using_Wav2Vec2.ipynb) | Cómo aprovechar un modelo Wav2Vec2 preentrenado para la clasificación de emociones en el conjunto de datos MEGA | [Mehrdad Farahani](https://github.com/m3hrdadfi) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/m3hrdadfi/soxan/blob/main/notebooks/Emotion_recognition_in_Greek_speech_using_Wav2Vec2.ipynb) |
| [Detectar objetos en una imagen con DETR](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/DETR/DETR_minimal_example_(with_DetrFeatureExtractor).ipynb) | Cómo usar un modelo entrenado *DetrForObjectDetection* para detectar objetos en una imagen y visualizar la atención | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/NielsRogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/DETR/DETR_minimal_example_(with_DetrFeatureExtractor).ipynb) |
| [Ajustar el DETR en un conjunto de datos de detección de objetos personalizados](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/DETR/Fine_tuning_DetrForObjectDetection_on_custom_dataset_(balloon).ipynb) | Cómo ajustar *DetrForObjectDetection* en un conjunto de datos de detección de objetos personalizados | [Niels Rogge](https://github.com/NielsRogge) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/DETR/Fine_tuning_DetrForObjectDetection_on_custom_dataset_(balloon).ipynb) |
| [Ajustar T5 para el reconocimiento de entidades nombradas](https://github.com/ToluClassics/Notebooks/blob/main/T5_Ner_Finetuning.ipynb) | Cómo ajustar *T5* en una tarea de reconocimiento de entidad nombrada | [Ogundepo Odunayo](https://github.com/ToluClassics) | [](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1obr78FY_cBmWY5ODViCmzdY6O1KB65Vc?usp=sharing) |
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/add_new_pipeline.md | <!--Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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# ¿Cómo puedo crear un pipeline personalizado?
En esta guía, veremos cómo crear un pipeline personalizado y cómo compartirlo en el [Hub](hf.co/models) o añadirlo
a la biblioteca 🤗 Transformers.
En primer lugar, debes decidir las entradas que tu pipeline podrá recibir. Pueden ser strings, bytes,
diccionarios o lo que te parezca que vaya a ser la entrada más apropiada. Intenta mantener estas entradas en un
formato que sea tan Python puro como sea posible, puesto que esto facilita la compatibilidad (incluso con otros
lenguajes de programación por medio de JSON). Estos serán los `inputs` (entradas) del pipeline (`preprocess`).
Ahora debes definir los `outputs` (salidas). Al igual que con los `inputs`, entre más simple el formato, mejor.
Estas serán las salidas del método `postprocess` (posprocesamiento).
Empieza heredando la clase base `Pipeline` con los 4 métodos que debemos implementar: `preprocess` (preprocesamiento),
`_forward` (ejecución), `postprocess` (posprocesamiento) y `_sanitize_parameters` (verificar parámetros).
```python
from transformers import Pipeline
class MyPipeline(Pipeline):
def _sanitize_parameters(self, **kwargs):
preprocess_kwargs = {}
if "maybe_arg" in kwargs:
preprocess_kwargs["maybe_arg"] = kwargs["maybe_arg"]
return preprocess_kwargs, {}, {}
def preprocess(self, inputs, maybe_arg=2):
model_input = Tensor(inputs["input_ids"])
return {"model_input": model_input}
def _forward(self, model_inputs):
# model_inputs == {"model_input": model_input}
outputs = self.model(**model_inputs)
# Quizá {"logits": Tensor(...)}
return outputs
def postprocess(self, model_outputs):
best_class = model_outputs["logits"].softmax(-1)
return best_class
```
La estructura de este desglose es así para garantizar una compatibilidad más o menos transparente con el uso de
CPU/GPU y el pre/posprocesamiento en CPU en varios hilos.
`preprocess` tomará las entradas definidas originalmente y las convertirá en algo que se le pueda pasar al modelo.
Podría contener más información y a menudo es un objeto `Dict` (diccionario).
`_forward` contiene los detalles de la implementación y no debería ser invocado de forma directa. `forward` es el
método preferido a utilizar pues contiene verificaciones para asegurar que todo funcione en el dispositivo correcto.
Cualquier cosa que esté relacionada con un modelo real debería ir en el método `_forward`, todo lo demás va en
los métodos de preprocesamiento y posprocesamiento.
Los métodos `postprocess` reciben la salida `_forward` y la convierten en la salida final que decidimos
anteriormente.
`_sanitize_parameters` existe para permitir a los usuarios pasar cualesquiera parámetros cuando lo deseen, ya
sea al momento de inicializar el pipeline `pipeline(...., maybe_arg=4)` o al momento de invocarlo
`pipe = pipeline(...); output = pipe(...., maybe_arg=4)`.
El método `_sanitize_parameters` devuelve 3 diccionarios de kwargs que serán pasados directamente a `preprocess`,
`_forward` y `postprocess`. No ingreses nada si el caller no se va a invocar con parámetros adicionales.
Esto permite mantener los parámetros por defecto de la definición de la función, lo que es más "natural".
Un ejemplo clásico sería un argumento `top_k` en el posprocesamiento de una tarea de clasificación.
```python
>>> pipe = pipeline("my-new-task")
>>> pipe("This is a test")
[{"label": "1-star", "score": 0.8}, {"label": "2-star", "score": 0.1}, {"label": "3-star", "score": 0.05}
{"label": "4-star", "score": 0.025}, {"label": "5-star", "score": 0.025}]
>>> pipe("This is a test", top_k=2)
[{"label": "1-star", "score": 0.8}, {"label": "2-star", "score": 0.1}]
```
Para lograrlo, actualizaremos nuestro método `postprocess` con un valor por defecto de `5` y modificaremos
`_sanitize_parameters` para permitir este nuevo parámetro.
```python
def postprocess(self, model_outputs, top_k=5):
best_class = model_outputs["logits"].softmax(-1)
# Añade la lógica para manejar el top_k
return best_class
def _sanitize_parameters(self, **kwargs):
preprocess_kwargs = {}
if "maybe_arg" in kwargs:
preprocess_kwargs["maybe_arg"] = kwargs["maybe_arg"]
postprocess_kwargs = {}
if "top_k" in kwargs:
postprocess_kwargs["top_k"] = kwargs["top_k"]
return preprocess_kwargs, {}, postprocess_kwargs
```
Intenta que las entradas y salidas sean muy simples e, idealmente, que puedan serializarse como JSON, pues esto
hace el uso del pipeline muy sencillo sin que el usuario tenga que preocuparse por conocer nuevos tipos de objetos.
También es relativamente común tener compatibilidad con muchos tipos diferentes de argumentos por facilidad de uso
(por ejemplo, los archivos de audio pueden ser nombres de archivo, URLs o bytes).
## Añadirlo a la lista de tareas
Para registrar tu `new-task` (nueva tarea) en la lista de tareas, debes añadirla al
`PIPELINE_REGISTRY` (registro de pipelines):
```python
from transformers.pipelines import PIPELINE_REGISTRY
PIPELINE_REGISTRY.register_pipeline(
"new-task",
pipeline_class=MyPipeline,
pt_model=AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
)
```
Puedes especificar un modelo por defecto si lo deseas, en cuyo caso debe venir con una versión específica (que puede ser el nombre de un branch o hash de commit, en este caso usamos `"abcdef"`), así como el tipo:
```python
PIPELINE_REGISTRY.register_pipeline(
"new-task",
pipeline_class=MyPipeline,
pt_model=AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
default={"pt": ("user/awesome_model", "abcdef")},
type="text", # tipo de datos que maneja: texto, audio, imagen, multi-modalidad
)
```
## Comparte tu pipeline en el Hub
Para compartir tu pipeline personalizado en el Hub, solo tienes que guardar el código personalizado de tu sub-clase
`Pipeline` en un archivo de Python. Por ejemplo, digamos que queremos usar un pipeline personalizado para la
clasificación de duplas de oraciones de esta forma:
```py
import numpy as np
from transformers import Pipeline
def softmax(outputs):
maxes = np.max(outputs, axis=-1, keepdims=True)
shifted_exp = np.exp(outputs - maxes)
return shifted_exp / shifted_exp.sum(axis=-1, keepdims=True)
class PairClassificationPipeline(Pipeline):
def _sanitize_parameters(self, **kwargs):
preprocess_kwargs = {}
if "second_text" in kwargs:
preprocess_kwargs["second_text"] = kwargs["second_text"]
return preprocess_kwargs, {}, {}
def preprocess(self, text, second_text=None):
return self.tokenizer(text, text_pair=second_text, return_tensors=self.framework)
def _forward(self, model_inputs):
return self.model(**model_inputs)
def postprocess(self, model_outputs):
logits = model_outputs.logits[0].numpy()
probabilities = softmax(logits)
best_class = np.argmax(probabilities)
label = self.model.config.id2label[best_class]
score = probabilities[best_class].item()
logits = logits.tolist()
return {"label": label, "score": score, "logits": logits}
```
La implementación es independiente del framework y funcionará con modelos de PyTorch y TensorFlow. Si guardamos
esto en un archivo llamado `pair_classification.py`, podemos importarlo y registrarlo de la siguiente manera:
```py
from pair_classification import PairClassificationPipeline
from transformers.pipelines import PIPELINE_REGISTRY
from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification, TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
PIPELINE_REGISTRY.register_pipeline(
"pair-classification",
pipeline_class=PairClassificationPipeline,
pt_model=AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
tf_model=TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification,
)
```
Una vez hecho esto, podemos usarlo con un modelo pre-entrenado. Por ejemplo, al modelo `sgugger/finetuned-bert-mrpc`
se le hizo fine-tuning con el dataset MRPC, en el cual se clasifican duplas de oraciones como paráfrasis o no.
```py
from transformers import pipeline
classifier = pipeline("pair-classification", model="sgugger/finetuned-bert-mrpc")
```
Ahora podemos compartirlo en el Hub usando el método `save_pretrained` (guardar pre-entrenado) en un `Repository`:
```py
from huggingface_hub import Repository
repo = Repository("test-dynamic-pipeline", clone_from="{your_username}/test-dynamic-pipeline")
classifier.save_pretrained("test-dynamic-pipeline")
repo.push_to_hub()
```
Esto copiará el archivo donde definiste `PairClassificationPipeline` dentro de la carpeta `"test-dynamic-pipeline"`,
y además guardará el modelo y el tokenizer del pipeline, antes de enviar todo al repositorio
`{your_username}/test-dynamic-pipeline`. Después de esto, cualquier persona puede usarlo siempre que usen la opción
`trust_remote_code=True` (confiar en código remoto):
```py
from transformers import pipeline
classifier = pipeline(model="{your_username}/test-dynamic-pipeline", trust_remote_code=True)
```
## Añadir el pipeline a 🤗 Transformers
Si quieres contribuir tu pipeline a la biblioteca 🤗 Transformers, tendrás que añadirlo a un nuevo módulo en el
sub-módulo `pipelines` con el código de tu pipeline. Luego, debes añadirlo a la lista de tareas definidas en
`pipelines/__init__.py`.
A continuación tienes que añadir las pruebas. Crea un nuevo archivo llamado `tests/test_pipelines_MY_PIPELINE.py`
basándote en las pruebas existentes.
La función `run_pipeline_test` será muy genérica y se correrá sobre modelos pequeños escogidos al azar sobre todas las
arquitecturas posibles definidas en `model_mapping` y `tf_model_mapping`.
Esto es muy importante para probar compatibilidades a futuro, lo que significa que si alguien añade un nuevo modelo
para `XXXForQuestionAnswering` entonces el pipeline intentará ejecutarse con ese modelo. Ya que los modelos son aleatorios,
es imposible verificar los valores como tales, y es por eso que hay un helper `ANY` que simplemente intentará que la
salida tenga el mismo tipo que la salida esperada del pipeline.
También *debes* implementar 2 (preferiblemente 4) pruebas:
- `test_small_model_pt` : Define un (1) modelo pequeño para este pipeline (no importa si los resultados no tienen sentido)
y prueba las salidas del pipeline. Los resultados deberían ser los mismos que en `test_small_model_tf`.
- `test_small_model_tf` : Define un (1) modelo pequeño para este pipeline (no importa si los resultados no tienen sentido)
y prueba las salidas del pipeline. Los resultados deberían ser los mismos que en `test_small_model_pt`.
- `test_large_model_pt` (`optional`): Prueba el pipeline en una tarea real en la que los resultados deben tener sentido.
Estas pruebas son lentas y deben marcarse como tales. El objetivo de esto es ejemplificar el pipeline y asegurarse de que
no haya divergencias en versiones futuras.
- `test_large_model_tf` (`optional`): Prueba el pipeline en una tarea real en la que los resultados deben tener sentido.
Estas pruebas son lentas y deben marcarse como tales. El objetivo de esto es ejemplificar el pipeline y asegurarse de que
no haya divergencias en versiones futuras.
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/debugging.md | <!--Copyright 2021 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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# Debugging
## Debug de problemas de Network multi-GPU
Cuando entrenas o infieres con `DistributedDataParallel` y varias GPUs, si encuentras problemas de intercomunicación entre procesos y/o nodos, puedes usar el siguiente script para diagnosticar problemas de red.
```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/huggingface/transformers/main/scripts/distributed/torch-distributed-gpu-test.py
```
Por ejemplo, para probar cómo interactúan 2 GPUs, haz lo siguiente:
```bash
python -m torch.distributed.run --nproc_per_node 2 --nnodes 1 torch-distributed-gpu-test.py
```
Si ambos procesos pueden hablar entre sí y asignar la memoria de la GPU, cada uno imprimirá un status OK.
Para más GPUs o nodos, ajusta los argumentos en el script.
Encontrarás muchos más detalles dentro del script de diagnóstico e incluso una receta de cómo ejecutarlo en un entorno SLURM.
Un nivel adicional de debug es agregar la variable de entorno `NCCL_DEBUG=INFO` de la siguiente manera:
```bash
NCCL_DEBUG=INFO python -m torch.distributed.run --nproc_per_node 2 --nnodes 1 torch-distributed-gpu-test.py
```
Esto mostrará mucha información de debug relacionada con NCCL, que luego puedes buscar online si encuentras que reporta algún problema. O si no estás seguro de cómo interpretar el output, puedes compartir el archivo de log en un Issue.
## Detección de Underflow y Overflow
<Tip>
Esta función está disponible actualmente sólo para PyTorch.
</Tip>
<Tip>
Para el entrenamiento multi-GPU, requiere DDP (`torch.distributed.launch`).
</Tip>
<Tip>
Esta función puede utilizarse con cualquier modelo basado en `nn.Module`.
</Tip>
Si empiezas a obtener `loss=NaN` o el modelo muestra algún otro comportamiento anormal debido a `inf` o `nan` en
activations o weights hay que descubrir dónde se produce el primer underflow o overflow y qué lo ha provocado. Por suerte
puedes lograrlo fácilmente activando un módulo especial que hará la detección automáticamente.
Si estás usando [`Trainer`], solo necesitas añadir:
```bash
--debug underflow_overflow
```
a los argumentos normales de la línea de comandos, o pasar `debug="underflow_overflow"` al crear el objeto [`TrainingArguments`].
Si estás usando tu propio bucle de entrenamiento u otro Trainer puedes lograr lo mismo con:
```python
from .debug_utils import DebugUnderflowOverflow
debug_overflow = DebugUnderflowOverflow(model)
```
[`~debug_utils.DebugUnderflowOverflow`] inserta hooks en el modelo que inmediatamente después de cada forward
testeará las variables de input y output y también los weights del módulo correspondiente. Tan pronto como se detecte `inf` o
`nan` se detecta en al menos un elemento de las activations o weights, el programa afirmará e imprimirá un informe
como este (esto fue capturado con `google/mt5-small` bajo fp16 mixed precision):
```
Detected inf/nan during batch_number=0
Last 21 forward frames:
abs min abs max metadata
encoder.block.1.layer.1.DenseReluDense.dropout Dropout
0.00e+00 2.57e+02 input[0]
0.00e+00 2.85e+02 output
[...]
encoder.block.2.layer.0 T5LayerSelfAttention
6.78e-04 3.15e+03 input[0]
2.65e-04 3.42e+03 output[0]
None output[1]
2.25e-01 1.00e+04 output[2]
encoder.block.2.layer.1.layer_norm T5LayerNorm
8.69e-02 4.18e-01 weight
2.65e-04 3.42e+03 input[0]
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wi_0 Linear
2.17e-07 4.50e+00 weight
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
2.68e-06 3.70e+01 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wi_1 Linear
8.08e-07 2.66e+01 weight
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
1.27e-04 2.37e+02 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.dropout Dropout
0.00e+00 8.76e+03 input[0]
0.00e+00 9.74e+03 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wo Linear
1.01e-06 6.44e+00 weight
0.00e+00 9.74e+03 input[0]
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense T5DenseGatedGeluDense
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.dropout Dropout
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 input[0]
0.00e+00 inf output
```
El output del ejemplo se ha recortado en el centro por razones de brevedad.
La segunda columna muestra el valor del elemento más grande en términos absolutos, por lo que si observas con detenimiento los últimos fotogramas,
los inputs y outputs estaban en el rango de `1e4`. Así que cuando este entrenamiento se hizo con fp16 mixed precision,
el último paso sufrió overflow (ya que bajo `fp16` el mayor número antes de `inf` es `64e3`). Para evitar overflows en
`fp16` las activations deben permanecer muy por debajo de `1e4`, porque `1e4 * 1e4 = 1e8` por lo que cualquier matrix multiplication con
grandes activations va a llevar a una condición de overflow numérico.
Al principio del output puedes descubrir en qué número de batch se produjo el problema (aquí `Detected inf/nan during batch_number=0` significa que el problema se produjo en el primer batch).
Cada frame del informe comienza declarando la entrada completamente calificada para el módulo correspondiente que este frame está reportando.
Si nos fijamos sólo en este frame:
```
encoder.block.2.layer.1.layer_norm T5LayerNorm
8.69e-02 4.18e-01 weight
2.65e-04 3.42e+03 input[0]
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 output
```
Aquí, `encoder.block.2.layer.1.layer_norm` indica que era una layer norm para la primera capa, del segundo
block del encoder. Y la call específica del `forward` es `T5LayerNorm`.
Veamos los últimos frames de ese informe:
```
Detected inf/nan during batch_number=0
Last 21 forward frames:
abs min abs max metadata
[...]
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wi_0 Linear
2.17e-07 4.50e+00 weight
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
2.68e-06 3.70e+01 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wi_1 Linear
8.08e-07 2.66e+01 weight
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
1.27e-04 2.37e+02 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense.wo Linear
1.01e-06 6.44e+00 weight
0.00e+00 9.74e+03 input[0]
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.DenseReluDense T5DenseGatedGeluDense
1.79e-06 4.65e+00 input[0]
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 output
encoder.block.2.layer.1.dropout Dropout
3.18e-04 6.27e+04 input[0]
0.00e+00 inf output
```
El último frame informa para la función `Dropout.forward` con la primera entrada para el único input y la segunda para el
único output. Puedes ver que fue llamada desde un atributo `dropout` dentro de la clase `DenseReluDense`. Podemos ver
que ocurrió durante la primera capa, del segundo block, durante el primer batch. Por último, el mayor absoluto
elementos de input fue `6.27e+04` y el mismo para el output fue `inf`.
Puedes ver aquí, que `T5DenseGatedGeluDense.forward` resultó en output activations, cuyo valor máximo absoluto fue
alrededor de 62.7K, que está muy cerca del límite máximo de fp16 de 64K. En el siguiente frame tenemos `Dropout`, el cual renormaliza
los weights, después de poner a cero algunos de los elementos, lo que empuja el valor máximo absoluto a más de 64K, y obtenemos un
overflow (`inf`).
Como puedes ver son los frames anteriores los que tenemos que mirar cuando los números empiezan a ser muy grandes para números fp16.
Combinemos el informe con el código de `models/t5/modeling_t5.py`:
```python
class T5DenseGatedGeluDense(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config):
super().__init__()
self.wi_0 = nn.Linear(config.d_model, config.d_ff, bias=False)
self.wi_1 = nn.Linear(config.d_model, config.d_ff, bias=False)
self.wo = nn.Linear(config.d_ff, config.d_model, bias=False)
self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout_rate)
self.gelu_act = ACT2FN["gelu_new"]
def forward(self, hidden_states):
hidden_gelu = self.gelu_act(self.wi_0(hidden_states))
hidden_linear = self.wi_1(hidden_states)
hidden_states = hidden_gelu * hidden_linear
hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
hidden_states = self.wo(hidden_states)
return hidden_states
```
Ahora es fácil ver la call `dropout`, y también todas las calls anteriores.
Dado que la detección se produce en un forward hook, estos informes se imprimen inmediatamente después de que cada `forward`
responda.
Volviendo al informe completo, para actuar sobre él y arreglar el problema, tenemos que subir unos cuantos frames donde los números
empezaron a subir y probablemente cambiar al modo `fp32` aquí, para que los números no sufran overflow cuando se multipliquen
o al sumarlos. Por supuesto, puede haber otras soluciones. Por ejemplo, podríamos desactivar `amp` temporalmente si está
activado, después de mover el original `forward` dentro de un helper wrapper, así:
```python
def _forward(self, hidden_states):
hidden_gelu = self.gelu_act(self.wi_0(hidden_states))
hidden_linear = self.wi_1(hidden_states)
hidden_states = hidden_gelu * hidden_linear
hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
hidden_states = self.wo(hidden_states)
return hidden_states
import torch
def forward(self, hidden_states):
if torch.is_autocast_enabled():
with torch.cuda.amp.autocast(enabled=False):
return self._forward(hidden_states)
else:
return self._forward(hidden_states)
```
Como el detector automático sólo informa de los inputs y outputs de los frames completos, una vez que sepas dónde buscar, puedes
analizar también las etapas intermedias de una función específica de `forward`. En este caso, puede utilizar la función
función de ayuda `detect_overflow` para inyectar el detector donde quieras, por ejemplo:
```python
from debug_utils import detect_overflow
class T5LayerFF(nn.Module):
[...]
def forward(self, hidden_states):
forwarded_states = self.layer_norm(hidden_states)
detect_overflow(forwarded_states, "after layer_norm")
forwarded_states = self.DenseReluDense(forwarded_states)
detect_overflow(forwarded_states, "after DenseReluDense")
return hidden_states + self.dropout(forwarded_states)
```
Puedes ver que hemos añadido 2 de estos y ahora se trackea si `inf` o `nan` para `forwarded_states` fue detectado
en algún punto intermedio.
De hecho, el detector ya informa de esto porque cada una de las llamadas en el ejemplo anterior es un `nn.Module`, pero
digamos que si tuvieras algunos cálculos directos locales, así es como lo harías.
Además, si estás instanciando el debugger en tu propio código, puedes ajustar el número de frames impresos de
su valor por defecto, por ejemplo:
```python
from .debug_utils import DebugUnderflowOverflow
debug_overflow = DebugUnderflowOverflow(model, max_frames_to_save=100)
```
### Rastreo de valores mínimos y máximos absolutos de batches específicos
La misma clase de debugging se puede utilizar para el rastreo por batches con la función de detección de underflow/overflow desactivada.
Digamos que quieres ver los valores mínimos y máximos absolutos de todos los ingredientes de cada call `forward` de un determinado
batch, y sólo hacerlo para los batches 1 y 3. Entonces instancias esta clase como:
```python
debug_overflow = DebugUnderflowOverflow(model, trace_batch_nums=[1, 3])
```
Y ahora los batches 1 y 3 completos serán rastreados usando el mismo formato que el detector de underflow/overflow.
Los batches son 0-index.
Esto es muy útil si sabes que el programa empieza a comportarse mal después de un determinado número de batch, para que puedas avanzar rápidamente
hasta esa área. Aquí hay un ejemplo de output recortado para tal configuración:
```
*** Starting batch number=1 ***
abs min abs max metadata
shared Embedding
1.01e-06 7.92e+02 weight
0.00e+00 2.47e+04 input[0]
5.36e-05 7.92e+02 output
[...]
decoder.dropout Dropout
1.60e-07 2.27e+01 input[0]
0.00e+00 2.52e+01 output
decoder T5Stack
not a tensor output
lm_head Linear
1.01e-06 7.92e+02 weight
0.00e+00 1.11e+00 input[0]
6.06e-02 8.39e+01 output
T5ForConditionalGeneration
not a tensor output
*** Starting batch number=3 ***
abs min abs max metadata
shared Embedding
1.01e-06 7.92e+02 weight
0.00e+00 2.78e+04 input[0]
5.36e-05 7.92e+02 output
[...]
```
Aquí obtendrás un gran número de frames mostrados - tantos como forward calls haya en tu modelo, por lo que puede o no ser lo que quieras, pero a veces puede ser más fácil de usar para debug que un debugger normal.
Por ejemplo, si un problema comienza a ocurrir en el batch 150. Entonces puedes mostrar las trazas de los batches 149 y 150 y comparar dónde
los números empezaron a divergir.
También puedes especificar el número de batch después del cual se debe detener el entrenamiento, con:
```python
debug_overflow = DebugUnderflowOverflow(model, trace_batch_nums=[1, 3], abort_after_batch_num=3)
```
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/create_a_model.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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# Crea una arquitectura personalizada
Una [`AutoClass`](model_doc/auto) infiere, automáticamente, la arquitectura del modelo y descarga la configuración y los pesos del modelo preentrenado. Normalmente, recomendamos usar una `AutoClass` para producir un código agnóstico a puntos de guardado o checkpoints. Sin embargo, los usuarios que quieran más control sobre los parámetros específicos de los modelos pueden crear su propio modelo 🤗 Transformers personalizado a partir de varias clases base. Esto puede ser particularmente útil para alguien que esté interesado en estudiar, entrenar o experimentar con modelos 🤗 Transformers. En esta guía vamos a profundizar en la creación de modelos personalizados sin usar `AutoClass`. Aprenderemos a:
- Cargar y personalizar una configuración para un modelo.
- Crear una arquitectura para un modelo.
- Crear tokenizadores rápidos y lentos para textos.
- Crear un extractor de propiedades para tareas de audio o imágenes.
- Crear un procesador para tareas multimodales.
## Configuración
Una [configuración](main_classes/configuration) es un conjunto de atributos específicos de un modelo. Cada configuración de modelo tiene atributos diferentes. Por ejemplo, todos los modelos de PLN tienen los atributos `hidden_size`, `num_attention_heads`, `num_hidden_layers` y `vocab_size` en común. Estos atributos especifican el número de cabezas de atención o de capas ocultas con las que se construyen los modelos.
Puedes echarle un vistazo a [DistilBERT](model_doc/distilbert) y sus atributos accediendo a [`DistilBertConfig`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertConfig
>>> config = DistilBertConfig()
>>> print(config)
DistilBertConfig {
"activation": "gelu",
"attention_dropout": 0.1,
"dim": 768,
"dropout": 0.1,
"hidden_dim": 3072,
"initializer_range": 0.02,
"max_position_embeddings": 512,
"model_type": "distilbert",
"n_heads": 12,
"n_layers": 6,
"pad_token_id": 0,
"qa_dropout": 0.1,
"seq_classif_dropout": 0.2,
"sinusoidal_pos_embds": false,
"transformers_version": "4.16.2",
"vocab_size": 30522
}
```
[`DistilBertConfig`] muestra todos los atributos por defecto que se han usado para construir un modelo [`DistilBertModel`] base. Todos ellos son personalizables, lo que deja espacio para poder experimentar. Por ejemplo, puedes personalizar un modelo predeterminado para:
- Probar una función de activación diferente, usando el parámetro `activation`.
- Usar un valor de abandono (también conocido como _dropout_) más alto para las probabilidades de las capas de atención, usando el parámetro `attention_dropout`.
```py
>>> my_config = DistilBertConfig(activation="relu", attention_dropout=0.4)
>>> print(my_config)
DistilBertConfig {
"activation": "relu",
"attention_dropout": 0.4,
"dim": 768,
"dropout": 0.1,
"hidden_dim": 3072,
"initializer_range": 0.02,
"max_position_embeddings": 512,
"model_type": "distilbert",
"n_heads": 12,
"n_layers": 6,
"pad_token_id": 0,
"qa_dropout": 0.1,
"seq_classif_dropout": 0.2,
"sinusoidal_pos_embds": false,
"transformers_version": "4.16.2",
"vocab_size": 30522
}
```
Los atributos de los modelos preentrenados pueden ser modificados con la función [`~PretrainedConfig.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> my_config = DistilBertConfig.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased", activation="relu", attention_dropout=0.4)
```
Cuando estés satisfecho con la configuración de tu modelo, puedes guardarlo con la función [`~PretrainedConfig.save_pretrained`]. Tu configuración se guardará en un archivo JSON dentro del directorio que le especifiques como parámetro.
```py
>>> my_config.save_pretrained(save_directory="./your_model_save_path")
```
Para volver a usar el archivo de configuración, puedes cargarlo usando [`~PretrainedConfig.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> my_config = DistilBertConfig.from_pretrained("./your_model_save_path/my_config.json")
```
<Tip>
También puedes guardar los archivos de configuración como un diccionario; o incluso guardar solo la diferencia entre tu archivo personalizado y la configuración por defecto. Consulta la [documentación sobre configuración](main_classes/configuration) para ver más detalles.
</Tip>
## Modelo
El siguiente paso será crear un [modelo](main_classes/models). El modelo, al que a veces también nos referimos como arquitectura, es el encargado de definir cada capa y qué operaciones se realizan. Los atributos como `num_hidden_layers` de la configuración se usan para definir la arquitectura. Todos los modelos comparten una clase base, [`PreTrainedModel`], y algunos métodos comunes que se pueden usar para redimensionar los _embeddings_ o para recortar cabezas de auto-atención (también llamadas _self-attention heads_). Además, todos los modelos son subclases de [`torch.nn.Module`](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.Module.html), [`tf.keras.Model`](https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/Model) o [`flax.linen.Module`](https://flax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/flax.linen.html#module), lo que significa que son compatibles con su respectivo framework.
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga los atributos de tu configuración personalizada en el modelo de la siguiente forma:
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertModel
>>> my_config = DistilBertConfig.from_pretrained("./your_model_save_path/my_config.json")
>>> model = DistilBertModel(my_config)
```
Esto crea un modelo con valores aleatorios, en lugar de crearlo con los pesos del preentrenamiento, por lo que no serás capaz de usar este modelo para nada útil hasta que no lo entrenes. El entrenamiento es un proceso costoso, tanto en cuestión de recursos como de tiempo, por lo que generalmente es mejor usar un modelo preentrenado para obtener mejores resultados más rápido, consumiendo una fracción de los recursos que un entrenamiento completo hubiera requerido.
Puedes crear un modelo preentrenado con [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> model = DistilBertModel.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Cuando cargues tus pesos del preentrenamiento, el modelo por defecto se carga automáticamente si nos lo proporciona 🤗 Transformers. Sin embargo, siempre puedes reemplazar (todos o algunos de) los atributos del modelo por defecto por los tuyos:
```py
>>> model = DistilBertModel.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased", config=my_config)
```
</pt>
<tf>
Carga los atributos de tu configuración personalizada en el modelo de la siguiente forma:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFDistilBertModel
>>> my_config = DistilBertConfig.from_pretrained("./your_model_save_path/my_config.json")
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertModel(my_config)
```
Esto crea un modelo con valores aleatorios, en lugar de crearlo con los pesos del preentrenamiento, por lo que no serás capaz de usar este modelo para nada útil hasta que no lo entrenes. El entrenamiento es un proceso costoso, tanto en cuestión de recursos como de tiempo, por lo que generalmente es mejor usar un modelo preentrenado para obtener mejores resultados más rápido, consumiendo solo una fracción de los recursos que un entrenamiento completo hubiera requerido.
Puedes crear un modelo preentrenado con [`~TFPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]:
```py
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertModel.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Cuando cargues tus pesos del preentrenamiento, el modelo por defecto se carga automáticamente si este nos lo proporciona 🤗 Transformers. Sin embargo, siempre puedes reemplazar (todos o algunos de) los atributos del modelo por defecto por los tuyos:
```py
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertModel.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased", config=my_config)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
### Cabezas de modelo
En este punto del tutorial, tenemos un modelo DistilBERT base que devuelve los *hidden states* o estados ocultos. Los *hidden states* se pasan como parámetros de entrada a la cabeza del modelo para producir la salida. 🤗 Transformers ofrece una cabeza de modelo diferente para cada tarea, siempre y cuando el modelo sea compatible para la tarea (por ejemplo, no puedes usar DistilBERT para una tarea secuencia a secuencia como la traducción).
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Por ejemplo, [`DistilBertForSequenceClassification`] es un modelo DistilBERT base con una cabeza de clasificación de secuencias. La cabeza de clasificación de secuencias es una capa superior que precede a la recolección de las salidas.
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertForSequenceClassification
>>> model = DistilBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Puedes reutilizar este punto de guardado o *checkpoint* para otra tarea fácilmente cambiando a una cabeza de un modelo diferente. Para una tarea de respuesta a preguntas, puedes usar la cabeza del modelo [`DistilBertForQuestionAnswering`]. La cabeza de respuesta a preguntas es similar a la de clasificación de secuencias, excepto porque consta de una capa lineal delante de la salida de los *hidden states*.
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertForQuestionAnswering
>>> model = DistilBertForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
</pt>
<tf>
Por ejemplo, [`TFDistilBertForSequenceClassification`] es un modelo DistilBERT base con una cabeza de clasificación de secuencias. La cabeza de clasificación de secuencias es una capa superior que precede a la recolección de las salidas.
```py
>>> from transformers import TFDistilBertForSequenceClassification
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Puedes reutilizar este punto de guardado o *checkpoint* para otra tarea fácilmente cambiando a una cabeza de un modelo diferente. Para una tarea de respuesta a preguntas, puedes usar la cabeza del modelo [`TFDistilBertForQuestionAnswering`]. La cabeza de respuesta a preguntas es similar a la de clasificación de secuencias, excepto porque consta de una capa lineal delante de la salida de los *hidden states*.
```py
>>> from transformers import TFDistilBertForQuestionAnswering
>>> tf_model = TFDistilBertForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Tokenizer
La ultima clase base que debes conocer antes de usar un modelo con datos textuales es la clase [tokenizer](main_classes/tokenizer), que convierte el texto bruto en tensores. Hay dos tipos de *tokenizers* que puedes usar con 🤗 Transformers:
- [`PreTrainedTokenizer`]: una implementación de un *tokenizer* hecha en Python.
- [`PreTrainedTokenizerFast`]: un *tokenizer* de nuestra librería [🤗 Tokenizer](https://huggingface.co/docs/tokenizers/python/latest/), basada en Rust. Este tipo de *tokenizer* es bastante más rápido, especialmente durante la tokenización por lotes, gracias a estar implementado en Rust. Esta rápida tokenización también ofrece métodos adicionales como el *offset mapping*, que relaciona los tokens con sus palabras o caracteres originales.
Ambos *tokenizers* son compatibles con los métodos comunes, como los de encodificación y decodificación, los métodos para añadir tokens y aquellos que manejan tokens especiales.
<Tip warning={true}>
No todos los modelos son compatibles con un *tokenizer* rápido. Échale un vistazo a esta [tabla](index#supported-frameworks) para comprobar si un modelo específico es compatible con un *tokenizer* rápido.
</Tip>
Si has entrenado tu propio *tokenizer*, puedes crear uno desde tu archivo de “vocabulario”:
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertTokenizer
>>> my_tokenizer = DistilBertTokenizer(vocab_file="my_vocab_file.txt", do_lower_case=False, padding_side="left")
```
Es importante recordar que los vocabularios que provienen de un *tokenizer* personalizado serán diferentes a los vocabularios generados por el *tokenizer* de un modelo preentrenado. Debes usar el vocabulario de un *tokenizer* preentrenado si vas a usar un modelo preentrenado, de lo contrario las entradas no tendrán sentido. Crea un *tokenizer* con el vocabulario de un modelo preentrenado usando la clase [`DistilBertTokenizer`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertTokenizer
>>> slow_tokenizer = DistilBertTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Crea un *tokenizer* rápido con la clase [`DistilBertTokenizerFast`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import DistilBertTokenizerFast
>>> fast_tokenizer = DistilBertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
<Tip>
Por defecto, el [`AutoTokenizer`] intentará cargar un *tokenizer* rápido. Puedes desactivar este comportamiento cambiando el parámetro `use_fast=False` de `from_pretrained`.
</Tip>
## Extractor de Características
Un extractor de características procesa entradas de audio e imagen. Hereda de la clase base [`~feature_extraction_utils.FeatureExtractionMixin`] y también puede heredar de la clase [`ImageFeatureExtractionMixin`] para el procesamiento de características de las imágenes o de la clase [`SequenceFeatureExtractor`] para el procesamiento de entradas de audio.
Dependiendo de si trabajas en una tarea de audio o de video, puedes crear un extractor de características asociado al modelo que estés usando. Por ejemplo, podrías crear un [`ViTFeatureExtractor`] por defecto si estás usando [ViT](model_doc/vit) para clasificación de imágenes:
```py
>>> from transformers import ViTFeatureExtractor
>>> vit_extractor = ViTFeatureExtractor()
>>> print(vit_extractor)
ViTFeatureExtractor {
"do_normalize": true,
"do_resize": true,
"feature_extractor_type": "ViTFeatureExtractor",
"image_mean": [
0.5,
0.5,
0.5
],
"image_std": [
0.5,
0.5,
0.5
],
"resample": 2,
"size": 224
}
```
<Tip>
Si no estás buscando ninguna personalización en específico, usa el método `from_pretrained` para cargar los parámetros del extractor de características por defecto del modelo.
</Tip>
Puedes modificar cualquier parámetro de [`ViTFeatureExtractor`] para crear tu extractor de características personalizado:
```py
>>> from transformers import ViTFeatureExtractor
>>> my_vit_extractor = ViTFeatureExtractor(resample="PIL.Image.BOX", do_normalize=False, image_mean=[0.3, 0.3, 0.3])
>>> print(my_vit_extractor)
ViTFeatureExtractor {
"do_normalize": false,
"do_resize": true,
"feature_extractor_type": "ViTFeatureExtractor",
"image_mean": [
0.3,
0.3,
0.3
],
"image_std": [
0.5,
0.5,
0.5
],
"resample": "PIL.Image.BOX",
"size": 224
}
```
Para las entradas de audio, puedes crear un [`Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor`] y personalizar los parámetros de una forma similar:
```py
>>> from transformers import Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor
>>> w2v2_extractor = Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor()
>>> print(w2v2_extractor)
Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor {
"do_normalize": true,
"feature_extractor_type": "Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor",
"feature_size": 1,
"padding_side": "right",
"padding_value": 0.0,
"return_attention_mask": false,
"sampling_rate": 16000
}
```
## Procesador
Para modelos que son compatibles con tareas multimodales, 🤗 Transformers ofrece una clase *procesador* que agrupa un extractor de características y un *tokenizer* en el mismo objeto. Por ejemplo, probemos a usar el procesador [`Wav2Vec2Processor`] para una tarea de reconocimiento de voz (ASR). Un ASR transcribe el audio a texto, por lo que necesitaremos un extractor de características y un *tokenizer*.
Crea un extractor de características para manejar la entrada de audio:
```py
>>> from transformers import Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor
>>> feature_extractor = Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor(padding_value=1.0, do_normalize=True)
```
Crea un *tokenizer* para manejar la entrada de texto:
```py
>>> from transformers import Wav2Vec2CTCTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = Wav2Vec2CTCTokenizer(vocab_file="my_vocab_file.txt")
```
Puedes combinar el extractor de características y el *tokenizer* en el [`Wav2Vec2Processor`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import Wav2Vec2Processor
>>> processor = Wav2Vec2Processor(feature_extractor=feature_extractor, tokenizer=tokenizer)
```
Con dos clases base (la configuración y el modelo) y una clase de preprocesamiento adicional (*tokenizer*, extractor de características o procesador), puedes crear cualquiera de los modelos compatibles con 🤗 Transformers. Cada una de estas clases son configurables, permitiéndote usar sus atributos específicos. Puedes crear un modelo para entrenarlo de una forma fácil, o modificar un modelo preentrenado disponible para especializarlo.
| 0 |
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# Entrenamiento distribuido con 🤗 Accelerate
El paralelismo ha emergido como una estrategia para entrenar modelos grandes en hardware limitado e incrementar la velocidad de entrenamiento en varios órdenes de magnitud. En Hugging Face creamos la biblioteca [🤗 Accelerate](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate) para ayudar a los usuarios a entrenar modelos 🤗 Transformers en cualquier tipo de configuración distribuida, ya sea en una máquina con múltiples GPUs o en múltiples GPUs distribuidas entre muchas máquinas. En este tutorial aprenderás cómo personalizar tu bucle de entrenamiento de PyTorch nativo para poder entrenar en entornos distribuidos.
## Configuración
Empecemos por instalar 🤗 Accelerate:
```bash
pip install accelerate
```
Luego, importamos y creamos un objeto [`Accelerator`](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate/package_reference/accelerator#accelerate.Accelerator). `Accelerator` detectará automáticamente el tipo de configuración distribuida que tengas disponible e inicializará todos los componentes necesarios para el entrenamiento. No necesitas especificar el dispositivo en donde se debe colocar tu modelo.
```py
>>> from accelerate import Accelerator
>>> accelerator = Accelerator()
```
## Prepárate para acelerar
Pasa todos los objetos relevantes para el entrenamiento al método [`prepare`](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate/package_reference/accelerator#accelerate.Accelerator.prepare). Esto incluye los DataLoaders de entrenamiento y evaluación, un modelo y un optimizador:
```py
>>> train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer = accelerator.prepare(
... train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer
... )
```
## Backward
Por último, reemplaza el típico `loss.backward()` en tu bucle de entrenamiento con el método [`backward`](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate/package_reference/accelerator#accelerate.Accelerator.backward) de 🤗 Accelerate:
```py
>>> for epoch in range(num_epochs):
... for batch in train_dataloader:
... outputs = model(**batch)
... loss = outputs.loss
... accelerator.backward(loss)
... optimizer.step()
... lr_scheduler.step()
... optimizer.zero_grad()
... progress_bar.update(1)
```
Como se puede ver en el siguiente código, ¡solo necesitas adicionar cuatro líneas de código a tu bucle de entrenamiento para habilitar el entrenamiento distribuido!
```diff
+ from accelerate import Accelerator
from transformers import AdamW, AutoModelForSequenceClassification, get_scheduler
+ accelerator = Accelerator()
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(checkpoint, num_labels=2)
optimizer = AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=3e-5)
- device = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device("cpu")
- model.to(device)
+ train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer = accelerator.prepare(
+ train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer
+ )
num_epochs = 3
num_training_steps = num_epochs * len(train_dataloader)
lr_scheduler = get_scheduler(
"linear",
optimizer=optimizer,
num_warmup_steps=0,
num_training_steps=num_training_steps
)
progress_bar = tqdm(range(num_training_steps))
model.train()
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
for batch in train_dataloader:
- batch = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in batch.items()}
outputs = model(**batch)
loss = outputs.loss
- loss.backward()
+ accelerator.backward(loss)
optimizer.step()
lr_scheduler.step()
optimizer.zero_grad()
progress_bar.update(1)
```
## Entrenamiento
Una vez que hayas añadido las líneas de código relevantes, inicia el entrenamiento desde un script o notebook como Colaboratory.
### Entrenar con un script
Si estás corriendo tu entrenamiento desde un script ejecuta el siguiente comando para crear y guardar un archivo de configuración:
```bash
accelerate config
```
Comienza el entrenamiento con:
```bash
accelerate launch train.py
```
### Entrenar con un notebook
🤗 Accelerate puede correr en un notebook si, por ejemplo, estás planeando utilizar las TPUs de Colaboratory. Encierra el código responsable del entrenamiento en una función y pásalo a `notebook_launcher`:
```py
>>> from accelerate import notebook_launcher
>>> notebook_launcher(training_function)
```
Para obtener más información sobre 🤗 Accelerate y sus numerosas funciones, consulta la [documentación](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate).
| 0 |
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# Fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado
[[open-in-colab]]
El uso de un modelo pre-entrenado tiene importantes ventajas. Reduce los costos de computación, la huella de carbono y te permite utilizar modelos de última generación sin tener que entrenar uno desde cero.
* Fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado con 🤗 Transformers [`Trainer`].
* Fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado en TensorFlow con Keras.
* Fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado en PyTorch nativo.
<a id='data-processing'></a>
## Prepara un dataset
<Youtube id="_BZearw7f0w"/>
Antes de aplicar fine-tuning a un modelo pre-entrenado, descarga un dataset y prepáralo para el entrenamiento. El tutorial anterior nos enseñó cómo procesar los datos para el entrenamiento, y ahora es la oportunidad de poner a prueba estas habilidades.
Comienza cargando el dataset de [Yelp Reviews](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yelp_review_full):
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> dataset = load_dataset("yelp_review_full")
>>> dataset[100]
{'label': 0,
'text': 'My expectations for McDonalds are t rarely high. But for one to still fail so spectacularly...that takes something special!\\nThe cashier took my friends\'s order, then promptly ignored me. I had to force myself in front of a cashier who opened his register to wait on the person BEHIND me. I waited over five minutes for a gigantic order that included precisely one kid\'s meal. After watching two people who ordered after me be handed their food, I asked where mine was. The manager started yelling at the cashiers for \\"serving off their orders\\" when they didn\'t have their food. But neither cashier was anywhere near those controls, and the manager was the one serving food to customers and clearing the boards.\\nThe manager was rude when giving me my order. She didn\'t make sure that I had everything ON MY RECEIPT, and never even had the decency to apologize that I felt I was getting poor service.\\nI\'ve eaten at various McDonalds restaurants for over 30 years. I\'ve worked at more than one location. I expect bad days, bad moods, and the occasional mistake. But I have yet to have a decent experience at this store. It will remain a place I avoid unless someone in my party needs to avoid illness from low blood sugar. Perhaps I should go back to the racially biased service of Steak n Shake instead!'}
```
Como ya sabes, necesitas un tokenizador para procesar el texto e incluir una estrategia para el padding y el truncamiento para manejar cualquier longitud de secuencia variable. Para procesar tu dataset en un solo paso, utiliza el método de 🤗 Datasets map para aplicar una función de preprocesamiento sobre todo el dataset:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> def tokenize_function(examples):
... return tokenizer(examples["text"], padding="max_length", truncation=True)
>>> tokenized_datasets = dataset.map(tokenize_function, batched=True)
```
Si lo deseas, puedes crear un subconjunto más pequeño del dataset completo para aplicarle fine-tuning y así reducir el tiempo.
```py
>>> small_train_dataset = tokenized_datasets["train"].shuffle(seed=42).select(range(1000))
>>> small_eval_dataset = tokenized_datasets["test"].shuffle(seed=42).select(range(1000))
```
<a id='trainer'></a>
## Fine-tuning con `Trainer`
<Youtube id="nvBXf7s7vTI"/>
🤗 Transformers proporciona una clase [`Trainer`] optimizada para el entrenamiento de modelos de 🤗 Transformers, haciendo más fácil el inicio del entrenamiento sin necesidad de escribir manualmente tu propio ciclo. La API del [`Trainer`] soporta una amplia gama de opciones de entrenamiento y características como el logging, el gradient accumulation y el mixed precision.
Comienza cargando tu modelo y especifica el número de labels previstas. A partir del [Card Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yelp_review_full#data-fields) de Yelp Review, que como ya sabemos tiene 5 labels:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased", num_labels=5)
```
<Tip>
Verás una advertencia acerca de que algunos de los pesos pre-entrenados no están siendo utilizados y que algunos pesos están siendo inicializados al azar. No te preocupes, esto es completamente normal.
El head/cabezal pre-entrenado del modelo BERT se descarta y se sustituye por un head de clasificación inicializado aleatoriamente. Puedes aplicar fine-tuning a este nuevo head del modelo en tu tarea de clasificación de secuencias haciendo transfer learning del modelo pre-entrenado.
</Tip>
### Hiperparámetros de entrenamiento
A continuación, crea una clase [`TrainingArguments`] que contenga todos los hiperparámetros que puedes ajustar así como los indicadores para activar las diferentes opciones de entrenamiento. Para este tutorial puedes empezar con los [hiperparámetros](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/trainer#transformers.TrainingArguments) de entrenamiento por defecto, pero siéntete libre de experimentar con ellos para encontrar tu configuración óptima.
Especifica dónde vas a guardar los checkpoints de tu entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import TrainingArguments
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(output_dir="test_trainer")
```
### Métricas
El [`Trainer`] no evalúa automáticamente el rendimiento del modelo durante el entrenamiento. Tendrás que pasarle a [`Trainer`] una función para calcular y hacer un reporte de las métricas. La biblioteca de 🤗 Datasets proporciona una función de [`accuracy`](https://huggingface.co/metrics/accuracy) simple que puedes cargar con la función `load_metric` (ver este [tutorial](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/metrics.html) para más información):
```py
>>> import numpy as np
>>> from datasets import load_metric
>>> metric = load_metric("accuracy")
```
Define la función `compute` en `metric` para calcular el accuracy de tus predicciones. Antes de pasar tus predicciones a `compute`, necesitas convertir las predicciones a logits (recuerda que todos los modelos de 🤗 Transformers devuelven logits).
```py
>>> def compute_metrics(eval_pred):
... logits, labels = eval_pred
... predictions = np.argmax(logits, axis=-1)
... return metric.compute(predictions=predictions, references=labels)
```
Si quieres controlar tus métricas de evaluación durante el fine-tuning, especifica el parámetro `evaluation_strategy` en tus argumentos de entrenamiento para que el modelo tenga en cuenta la métrica de evaluación al final de cada época:
```py
>>> from transformers import TrainingArguments
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(output_dir="test_trainer", evaluation_strategy="epoch")
```
### Trainer
Crea un objeto [`Trainer`] con tu modelo, argumentos de entrenamiento, datasets de entrenamiento y de prueba, y tu función de evaluación:
```py
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=small_train_dataset,
... eval_dataset=small_eval_dataset,
... compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
... )
```
A continuación, aplica fine-tuning a tu modelo llamando [`~transformers.Trainer.train`]:
```py
>>> trainer.train()
```
<a id='keras'></a>
## Fine-tuning con Keras
<Youtube id="rnTGBy2ax1c"/>
Los modelos de 🤗 Transformers también permiten realizar el entrenamiento en TensorFlow con la API de Keras. Solo es necesario hacer algunos cambios antes de hacer fine-tuning.
### Convierte el dataset al formato de TensorFlow
El [`DefaultDataCollator`] junta los tensores en un batch para que el modelo se entrene en él. Asegúrate de especificar `return_tensors` para devolver los tensores de TensorFlow:
```py
>>> from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
>>> data_collator = DefaultDataCollator(return_tensors="tf")
```
<Tip>
[`Trainer`] utiliza [`DataCollatorWithPadding`] por defecto por lo que no es necesario especificar explícitamente un intercalador de datos (data collator, en inglés).
</Tip>
A continuación, convierte los datasets tokenizados en datasets de TensorFlow con el método [`to_tf_dataset`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.to_tf_dataset). Especifica tus entradas en `columns` y tu etiqueta en `label_cols`:
```py
>>> tf_train_dataset = small_train_dataset.to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "token_type_ids"],
... label_cols="labels",
... shuffle=True,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... batch_size=8,
... )
>>> tf_validation_dataset = small_eval_dataset.to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "token_type_ids"],
... label_cols="labels",
... shuffle=False,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... batch_size=8,
... )
```
### Compila y ajusta
Carguemos un modelo TensorFlow con el número esperado de labels:
```py
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = TFAutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased", num_labels=5)
```
A continuación, compila y aplica fine-tuning a tu modelo con [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/) como lo harías con cualquier otro modelo de Keras:
```py
>>> model.compile(
... optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=5e-5),
... loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
... metrics=tf.metrics.SparseCategoricalAccuracy(),
... )
>>> model.fit(tf_train_dataset, validation_data=tf_validation_dataset, epochs=3)
```
<a id='pytorch_native'></a>
## Fine-tune en PyTorch nativo
<Youtube id="Dh9CL8fyG80"/>
El [`Trainer`] se encarga del ciclo de entrenamiento y permite aplicar fine-tuning a un modelo en una sola línea de código. Para los que prefieran escribir su propio ciclo de entrenamiento, también pueden aplicar fine-tuning a un modelo de 🤗 Transformers en PyTorch nativo.
En este punto, es posible que necesites reiniciar tu notebook o ejecutar el siguiente código para liberar algo de memoria:
```py
del model
del pytorch_model
del trainer
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
```
A continuación, haremos un post-procesamiento manual al `tokenized_dataset` y así prepararlo para el entrenamiento.
1. Elimina la columna de `text` porque el modelo no acepta texto en crudo como entrada:
```py
>>> tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.remove_columns(["text"])
```
2. Cambia el nombre de la columna de `label` a `labels` porque el modelo espera que el argumento se llame `labels`:
```py
>>> tokenized_datasets = tokenized_datasets.rename_column("label", "labels")
```
3. Establece el formato del dataset para devolver tensores PyTorch en lugar de listas:
```py
>>> tokenized_datasets.set_format("torch")
```
A continuación, crea un subconjunto más pequeño del dataset como se ha mostrado anteriormente para acelerar el fine-tuning:
```py
>>> small_train_dataset = tokenized_datasets["train"].shuffle(seed=42).select(range(1000))
>>> small_eval_dataset = tokenized_datasets["test"].shuffle(seed=42).select(range(1000))
```
### DataLoader
Crea un `DataLoader` para tus datasets de entrenamiento y de prueba para poder iterar sobre batches de datos:
```py
>>> from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
>>> train_dataloader = DataLoader(small_train_dataset, shuffle=True, batch_size=8)
>>> eval_dataloader = DataLoader(small_eval_dataset, batch_size=8)
```
Carga tu modelo con el número de labels previstas:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification
>>> model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased", num_labels=5)
```
### Optimiza y programa el learning rate
Crea un optimizador y el learning rate para aplicar fine-tuning al modelo. Vamos a utilizar el optimizador [`AdamW`](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.optim.AdamW.html) de PyTorch:
```py
>>> from torch.optim import AdamW
>>> optimizer = AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=5e-5)
```
Crea el learning rate desde el [`Trainer`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import get_scheduler
>>> num_epochs = 3
>>> num_training_steps = num_epochs * len(train_dataloader)
>>> lr_scheduler = get_scheduler(
... name="linear", optimizer=optimizer, num_warmup_steps=0, num_training_steps=num_training_steps
... )
```
Por último, especifica el `device` o entorno de ejecución para utilizar una GPU si tienes acceso a una. De lo contrario, el entrenamiento en una CPU puede llevarte varias horas en lugar de un par de minutos.
```py
>>> import torch
>>> device = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device("cpu")
>>> model.to(device)
```
<Tip>
Consigue acceso gratuito a una GPU en la nube si es que no tienes este recurso de forma local con un notebook alojado en [Colaboratory](https://colab.research.google.com/) o [SageMaker StudioLab](https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/).
</Tip>
Genial, ¡ahora podemos entrenar! 🥳
### Ciclo de entrenamiento
Para hacer un seguimiento al progreso del entrenamiento, utiliza la biblioteca [tqdm](https://tqdm.github.io/) para añadir una barra de progreso sobre el número de pasos de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from tqdm.auto import tqdm
>>> progress_bar = tqdm(range(num_training_steps))
>>> model.train()
>>> for epoch in range(num_epochs):
... for batch in train_dataloader:
... batch = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in batch.items()}
... outputs = model(**batch)
... loss = outputs.loss
... loss.backward()
... optimizer.step()
... lr_scheduler.step()
... optimizer.zero_grad()
... progress_bar.update(1)
```
### Métricas
De la misma manera que necesitas añadir una función de evaluación al [`Trainer`], necesitas hacer lo mismo cuando escribas tu propio ciclo de entrenamiento. Pero en lugar de calcular y reportar la métrica al final de cada época, esta vez acumularás todos los batches con [`add_batch`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html?highlight=add_batch#datasets.Metric.add_batch) y calcularás la métrica al final.
```py
>>> metric = load_metric("accuracy")
>>> model.eval()
>>> for batch in eval_dataloader:
... batch = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in batch.items()}
... with torch.no_grad():
... outputs = model(**batch)
... logits = outputs.logits
... predictions = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
... metric.add_batch(predictions=predictions, references=batch["labels"])
>>> metric.compute()
```
<a id='additional-resources'></a>
## Recursos adicionales
Para más ejemplos de fine-tuning consulta:
- [🤗 Transformers Examples](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples) incluye scripts
para entrenar tareas comunes de NLP en PyTorch y TensorFlow.
- [🤗 Transformers Notebooks](notebooks) contiene varios notebooks sobre cómo aplicar fine-tuning a un modelo para tareas específicas en PyTorch y TensorFlow.
| 0 |
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Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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# Ejecutar el entrenamiento en Amazon SageMaker
La documentación ha sido trasladada a [hf.co/docs/sagemaker](https://huggingface.co/docs/sagemaker). Esta página será eliminada en `transformers` 5.0.
### Tabla de contenido
- [Entrenar modelos de Hugging Face en Amazon SageMaker con SageMaker Python SDK](https://huggingface.co/docs/sagemaker/train)
- [Desplegar modelos de Hugging Face en Amazon SageMaker con SageMaker Python SDK](https://huggingface.co/docs/sagemaker/inference)
- [Preguntas Frecuentes](https://huggingface.co/docs/sagemaker/faq)
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/pr_checks.md | <!---
Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Verificaciones en un Pull Request
Cuando abres un _pull request_ en 🤗 Transformers, se ejecutarán una serie de verificaciones para asegurarte de que el _patch_ que estás agregando no rompa nada existente. Estas verificaciones son de cuatro tipos:
- pruebas regulares
- creación de la documentación
- estilo del código y documentación
- consistencia del repositorio
En este documento, intentaremos explicar cuáles son esas diferentes verificaciones y el motivo detrás de ellas, así como también cómo depurarlas localmente si una falla en tu PR.
Recuerda que todas las verificaciones requieren que tengas una instalación de desarrollo:
```bash
pip install transformers[dev]
```
o una instalación editable:
```bash
pip install -e .[dev]
```
del repositorio de Transformers.
## Pruebas
Todos los procesos que comienzan con `ci/circleci: run_tests_` ejecutan partes del conjunto de pruebas de Transformers. Cada uno de esos procesos se enfoca en una parte de la biblioteca en un entorno determinado: por ejemplo, `ci/circleci: run_tests_pipelines_tf` ejecuta la prueba de _pipelines_ en un entorno donde solo está instalado TensorFlow.
Ten en cuenta que para evitar ejecutar pruebas cuando no hay un cambio real en los módulos que estás probando, solo se ejecuta una parte del conjunto de pruebas: se ejecuta una tarea auxiliar para determinar las diferencias en la biblioteca antes y después del PR (lo que GitHub te muestra en la pestaña "Files changes") y selecciona las pruebas afectadas por esa diferencia. Este auxiliar se puede ejecutar localmente usando:
```bash
python utils/tests_fetcher.py
```
desde el directorio raiz del repositorio de Transformers. Se ejecutará lo siguiente:
1. Verificación para cada archivo en el _diff_ si los cambios están en el código, solo en comentarios o _docstrings_. Solo los archivos con cambios reales de código se conservan.
2. Creación de un mapa interno que proporciona para cada archivo del código fuente de la biblioteca todos los archivos a los que impacta recursivamente. Se dice que el módulo A impacta al módulo B si el módulo B importa el módulo A. Para el impacto recursivo, necesitamos una cadena de módulos que va del módulo A al módulo B en la que cada módulo importa el anterior.
3. Aplicación de este mapa en los archivos recopilados en el paso 1, lo que nos da una lista de archivos modelo afectados por el PR.
4. Asignación de cada uno de esos archivos a sus archivos de prueba correspondientes y para obtener una la lista de pruebas a ejecutar.
Al ejecutar el _script_ localmente, debes obtener los resultados de los pasos 1, 3 y 4 impresos y así saber qué pruebas se ejecutarán. El _script_ también creará un archivo llamado `test_list.txt` que contiene la lista de pruebas para ejecutar, y puede ejecutarlas localmente con el siguiente comando:
```bash
python -m pytest -n 8 --dist=loadfile -rA -s $(cat test_list.txt)
```
En caso de que se te escape algo, el conjunto completo de pruebas también se ejecuta a diario.
## Creación de la documentación
El proceso `build_pr_documentation` compila y genera una vista previa de la documentación para asegurarse de que todo se vea bien una vez que se fusione tu PR. Un bot agregará un enlace para obtener una vista previa de la documentación en tu PR. Cualquier cambio que realices en el PR se actualiza automáticamente en la vista previa. Si la documentación no se genera, haz clic en **Detalles** junto al proceso fallido para ver dónde salió mal. A menudo, el error es tan simple como que falta un archivo en `toctree`.
Si estás interesado en compilar u obtener una vista previa de la documentación localmente, echa un vistazo al [`README.md`](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/docs) en la carpeta `docs`.
## Estilo de código y documentación.
El formato de código se aplica a todos los archivos fuente, los ejemplos y las pruebas utilizando `black` e `ruff`. También tenemos una herramienta personalizada que se ocupa del formato de los _docstrings_ y archivos `rst` (`utils/style_doc.py`), así como del orden de las importaciones _lazy_ realizadas en los archivos `__init__.py` de Transformers (`utils /custom_init_isort.py`). Todo esto se puede probar ejecutando
```bash
make style
```
CI verifica que se hayan aplicado dentro de la verificación `ci/circleci: check_code_quality`. También se ejecuta `ruff`, que hará una verificación básica a tu código y te hará saber si encuentra una variable no definida, o una que no se usa. Para ejecutar esa verificación localmente, usa
```bash
make quality
```
Esto puede llevar mucho tiempo, así que para ejecutar lo mismo solo en los archivos que modificaste en la rama actual, ejecuta
```bash
make fixup
```
Este último comando también ejecutará todas las verificaciones adicionales para la consistencia del repositorio. Echemos un vistazo a estas pruebas.
## Consistencia del repositorio
Esta verificación reagrupa todas las pruebas para asegurarse de que tu PR deja el repositorio en buen estado, y se realiza mediante `ci/circleci: check_repository_consistency`. Puedes ejecutar localmente esta verificación ejecutando lo siguiente:
```bash
make repo-consistency
```
Esta instrucción verifica que:
- Todos los objetos agregados al _init_ están documentados (realizados por `utils/check_repo.py`)
- Todos los archivos `__init__.py` tienen el mismo contenido en sus dos secciones (realizado por `utils/check_inits.py`)
- Todo el código identificado como una copia de otro módulo es consistente con el original (realizado por `utils/check_copies.py`)
- Todas las clases de configuración tienen al menos _checkpoint_ válido mencionado en sus _docstrings_ (realizado por `utils/check_config_docstrings.py`)
- Las traducciones de los README y el índice del documento tienen la misma lista de modelos que el README principal (realizado por `utils/check_copies.py`)
- Las tablas generadas automaticamente en la documentación están actualizadas (realizadas por `utils/check_table.py`)
- La biblioteca tiene todos los objetos disponibles incluso si no están instaladas todas las dependencias opcionales (realizadas por `utils/check_dummies.py`)
Si esta verificación falla, los primeros dos elementos requieren una reparación manual, los últimos cuatro pueden repararse automáticamente ejecutando el comando
```bash
make fix-copies
```
Las verificaciones adicionales se refieren a los PRs que agregan nuevos modelos, principalmente que:
- Todos los modelos agregados están en un Auto-mapping (realizado por `utils/check_repo.py`)
<!-- TODO Sylvain, add a check that makes sure the common tests are implemented.-->
- Todos los modelos se verifican correctamente (realizados por `utils/check_repo.py`)
<!-- TODO Sylvain, add the following
- All models are added to the main README, inside the main doc
- All checkpoints used actually exist on the Hub
-->
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/question_answering.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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-->
# Respuesta a preguntas
<Youtube id="ajPx5LwJD-I"/>
La respuesta a preguntas devuelve una respuesta a partir de una pregunta dada. Existen dos formas comunes de responder preguntas:
- Extractiva: extraer la respuesta a partir del contexto dado.
- Abstractiva: generar una respuesta que responda correctamente la pregunta a partir del contexto dado.
Esta guía te mostrará como hacer fine-tuning de [DistilBERT](https://huggingface.co/distilbert-base-uncased) en el dataset [SQuAD](https://huggingface.co/datasets/squad) para responder preguntas de forma extractiva.
<Tip>
Revisa la [página de la tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/question-answering) de responder preguntas para tener más información sobre otras formas de responder preguntas y los modelos, datasets y métricas asociadas.
</Tip>
## Carga el dataset SQuAD
Carga el dataset SQuAD con la biblioteca 🤗 Datasets:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> squad = load_dataset("squad")
```
Ahora, échale un vistazo a una muestra:
```py
>>> squad["train"][0]
{'answers': {'answer_start': [515], 'text': ['Saint Bernadette Soubirous']},
'context': 'Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building\'s gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary.',
'id': '5733be284776f41900661182',
'question': 'To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France?',
'title': 'University_of_Notre_Dame'
}
```
El campo `answers` es un diccionario que contiene la posición inicial de la respuesta y el `texto` de la respuesta.
## Preprocesamiento
<Youtube id="qgaM0weJHpA"/>
Carga el tokenizer de DistilBERT para procesar los campos `question` (pregunta) y `context` (contexto):
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Hay algunos pasos de preprocesamiento específicos para la tarea de respuesta a preguntas que debes tener en cuenta:
1. Algunos ejemplos en un dataset pueden tener un contexto que supera la longitud máxima de entrada de un modelo. Trunca solamente el contexto asignándole el valor `"only_second"` al parámetro `truncation`.
2. A continuación, mapea las posiciones de inicio y fin de la respuesta al contexto original asignándole el valor `True` al parámetro `return_offsets_mapping`.
3. Una vez tengas el mapeo, puedes encontrar los tokens de inicio y fin de la respuesta. Usa el método [`sequence_ids`](https://huggingface.co/docs/tokenizers/python/latest/api/reference.html#tokenizers.Encoding.sequence_ids)
para encontrar qué parte de la lista de tokens desplazados corresponde a la pregunta y cuál corresponde al contexto.
A continuación puedes ver como se crea una función para truncar y mapear los tokens de inicio y fin de la respuesta al `context`:
```py
>>> def preprocess_function(examples):
... questions = [q.strip() for q in examples["question"]]
... inputs = tokenizer(
... questions,
... examples["context"],
... max_length=384,
... truncation="only_second",
... return_offsets_mapping=True,
... padding="max_length",
... )
... offset_mapping = inputs.pop("offset_mapping")
... answers = examples["answers"]
... start_positions = []
... end_positions = []
... for i, offset in enumerate(offset_mapping):
... answer = answers[i]
... start_char = answer["answer_start"][0]
... end_char = answer["answer_start"][0] + len(answer["text"][0])
... sequence_ids = inputs.sequence_ids(i)
... # Encuentra el inicio y el fin del contexto
... idx = 0
... while sequence_ids[idx] != 1:
... idx += 1
... context_start = idx
... while sequence_ids[idx] == 1:
... idx += 1
... context_end = idx - 1
... # Si la respuesta entera no está dentro del contexto, etiquétala como (0, 0)
... if offset[context_start][0] > end_char or offset[context_end][1] < start_char:
... start_positions.append(0)
... end_positions.append(0)
... else:
... # De lo contrario, esta es la posición de los tokens de inicio y fin
... idx = context_start
... while idx <= context_end and offset[idx][0] <= start_char:
... idx += 1
... start_positions.append(idx - 1)
... idx = context_end
... while idx >= context_start and offset[idx][1] >= end_char:
... idx -= 1
... end_positions.append(idx + 1)
... inputs["start_positions"] = start_positions
... inputs["end_positions"] = end_positions
... return inputs
```
Usa la función [`~datasets.Dataset.map`] de 🤗 Datasets para aplicarle la función de preprocesamiento al dataset entero. Puedes acelerar la función `map` haciendo `batched=True` para procesar varios elementos del dataset a la vez.
Quita las columnas que no necesites:
```py
>>> tokenized_squad = squad.map(preprocess_function, batched=True, remove_columns=squad["train"].column_names)
```
Usa el [`DefaultDataCollator`] para crear un lote de ejemplos. A diferencia de los otros collators de datos en 🤗 Transformers, el `DefaultDataCollator` no aplica ningún procesamiento adicional (como el rellenado).
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```py
>>> from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
>>> data_collator = DefaultDataCollator()
```
</pt>
<tf>
```py
>>> from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
>>> data_collator = DefaultDataCollator(return_tensors="tf")
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga el modelo DistilBERT con [`AutoModelForQuestionAnswering`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForQuestionAnswering, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el fine-tuning con [`Trainer`], ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
En este punto, solo quedan tres pasos:
1. Definir tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`].
2. Pasarle los argumentos del entrenamiento al [`Trainer`] junto con el modelo, el dataset, el tokenizer y el collator de datos.
3. Invocar el método [`~Trainer.train`] para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... evaluation_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=2e-5,
... per_device_train_batch_size=16,
... per_device_eval_batch_size=16,
... num_train_epochs=3,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=tokenized_squad["train"],
... eval_dataset=tokenized_squad["validation"],
... tokenizer=tokenizer,
... data_collator=data_collator,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
</pt>
<tf>
Para realizar el fine-tuning de un modelo en TensorFlow, primero convierte tus datasets al formato `tf.data.Dataset` con el método [`~TFPreTrainedModel.prepare_tf_dataset`].
```py
>>> tf_train_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
... tokenized_squad["train"],
... shuffle=True,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
>>> tf_validation_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
... tokenized_squad["validation"],
... shuffle=False,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el fine-tuning con Keras, ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](training#finetune-with-keras)!
</Tip>
Prepara una función de optimización, un programa para la tasa de aprendizaje y algunos hiperparámetros de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import create_optimizer
>>> batch_size = 16
>>> num_epochs = 2
>>> total_train_steps = (len(tokenized_squad["train"]) // batch_size) * num_epochs
>>> optimizer, schedule = create_optimizer(
... init_lr=2e-5,
... num_warmup_steps=0,
... num_train_steps=total_train_steps,
... )
```
Carga el modelo DistilBERT con [`TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering
>>> model = TFAutoModelForQuestionAnswering("distilbert-base-uncased")
```
Configura el modelo para entrenarlo con [`compile`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#compile-method):
```py
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)
```
Invoca el método [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#fit-method) para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo:
```py
>>> model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_validation_set, epochs=3)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
<Tip>
Para un ejemplo con mayor profundidad de cómo hacer fine-tuning a un modelo para responder preguntas, échale un vistazo al
[cuaderno de PyTorch](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/question_answering.ipynb) o al
[cuaderno de TensorFlow](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/question_answering-tf.ipynb) correspondiente.
</Tip>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/language_modeling.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
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# Modelado de lenguaje
El modelado de lenguaje predice palabras en un enunciado. Hay dos formas de modelado de lenguaje.
<Youtube id="Vpjb1lu0MDk"/>
El modelado de lenguaje causal predice el siguiente token en una secuencia de tokens, y el modelo solo puede considerar los tokens a la izquierda.
<Youtube id="mqElG5QJWUg"/>
El modelado de lenguaje por enmascaramiento predice un token enmascarado en una secuencia, y el modelo puede considerar los tokens bidireccionalmente.
Esta guía te mostrará cómo realizar fine-tuning [DistilGPT2](https://huggingface.co/distilgpt2) para modelos de lenguaje causales y [DistilRoBERTa](https://huggingface.co/distilroberta-base) para modelos de lenguaje por enmascaramiento en el [r/askscience](https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/) subdataset [ELI5](https://huggingface.co/datasets/eli5).
<Tip>
Puedes realizar fine-tuning a otras arquitecturas para modelos de lenguaje como [GPT-Neo](https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/gpt-neo-125M), [GPT-J](https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/gpt-j-6B) y [BERT](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-uncased) siguiendo los mismos pasos presentados en esta guía!
Mira la [página de tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/text-generation) para generación de texto y la [página de tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/fill-mask) para modelos de lenguajes por enmascaramiento para obtener más información sobre los modelos, datasets, y métricas asociadas.
</Tip>
## Carga el dataset ELI5
Carga solo los primeros 5000 registros desde la biblioteca 🤗 Datasets, dado que es bastante grande:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> eli5 = load_dataset("eli5", split="train_asks[:5000]")
```
Divide este dataset en subdatasets para el entrenamiento y el test:
```py
eli5 = eli5.train_test_split(test_size=0.2)
```
Luego observa un ejemplo:
```py
>>> eli5["train"][0]
{'answers': {'a_id': ['c3d1aib', 'c3d4lya'],
'score': [6, 3],
'text': ["The velocity needed to remain in orbit is equal to the square root of Newton's constant times the mass of earth divided by the distance from the center of the earth. I don't know the altitude of that specific mission, but they're usually around 300 km. That means he's going 7-8 km/s.\n\nIn space there are no other forces acting on either the shuttle or the guy, so they stay in the same position relative to each other. If he were to become unable to return to the ship, he would presumably run out of oxygen, or slowly fall into the atmosphere and burn up.",
"Hope you don't mind me asking another question, but why aren't there any stars visible in this photo?"]},
'answers_urls': {'url': []},
'document': '',
'q_id': 'nyxfp',
'selftext': '_URL_0_\n\nThis was on the front page earlier and I have a few questions about it. Is it possible to calculate how fast the astronaut would be orbiting the earth? Also how does he stay close to the shuttle so that he can return safely, i.e is he orbiting at the same speed and can therefore stay next to it? And finally if his propulsion system failed, would he eventually re-enter the atmosphere and presumably die?',
'selftext_urls': {'url': ['http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/1201/freeflyer_nasa_3000.jpg']},
'subreddit': 'askscience',
'title': 'Few questions about this space walk photograph.',
'title_urls': {'url': []}}
```
Observa que `text` es un subcampo anidado dentro del diccionario `answers`. Cuando preproceses el dataset, deberás extraer el subcampo `text` en una columna aparte.
## Preprocesamiento
<Youtube id="ma1TrR7gE7I"/>
Para modelados de lenguaje causales carga el tokenizador DistilGPT2 para procesar el subcampo `text`:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
```
<Youtube id="8PmhEIXhBvI"/>
Para modelados de lenguaje por enmascaramiento carga el tokenizador DistilRoBERTa, en lugar de DistilGPT2:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilroberta-base")
```
Extrae el subcampo `text` desde su estructura anidado con el método [`flatten`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/process.html#flatten):
```py
>>> eli5 = eli5.flatten()
>>> eli5["train"][0]
{'answers.a_id': ['c3d1aib', 'c3d4lya'],
'answers.score': [6, 3],
'answers.text': ["The velocity needed to remain in orbit is equal to the square root of Newton's constant times the mass of earth divided by the distance from the center of the earth. I don't know the altitude of that specific mission, but they're usually around 300 km. That means he's going 7-8 km/s.\n\nIn space there are no other forces acting on either the shuttle or the guy, so they stay in the same position relative to each other. If he were to become unable to return to the ship, he would presumably run out of oxygen, or slowly fall into the atmosphere and burn up.",
"Hope you don't mind me asking another question, but why aren't there any stars visible in this photo?"],
'answers_urls.url': [],
'document': '',
'q_id': 'nyxfp',
'selftext': '_URL_0_\n\nThis was on the front page earlier and I have a few questions about it. Is it possible to calculate how fast the astronaut would be orbiting the earth? Also how does he stay close to the shuttle so that he can return safely, i.e is he orbiting at the same speed and can therefore stay next to it? And finally if his propulsion system failed, would he eventually re-enter the atmosphere and presumably die?',
'selftext_urls.url': ['http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/1201/freeflyer_nasa_3000.jpg'],
'subreddit': 'askscience',
'title': 'Few questions about this space walk photograph.',
'title_urls.url': []}
```
Cada subcampo es ahora una columna separada, como lo indica el prefijo `answers`. Observa que `answers.text` es una lista. En lugar de tokenizar cada enunciado por separado, convierte la lista en un string para tokenizarlos conjuntamente.
Así es como puedes crear una función de preprocesamiento para convertir la lista en una cadena y truncar las secuencias para que no superen la longitud máxima de input de DistilGPT2:
```py
>>> def preprocess_function(examples):
... return tokenizer([" ".join(x) for x in examples["answers.text"]], truncation=True)
```
Usa de 🤗 Datasets la función [`map`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.map) para aplicar la función de preprocesamiento sobre el dataset en su totalidad. Puedes acelerar la función `map` configurando el argumento `batched=True` para procesar múltiples elementos del dataset a la vez y aumentar la cantidad de procesos con `num_proc`. Elimina las columnas que no necesitas:
```py
>>> tokenized_eli5 = eli5.map(
... preprocess_function,
... batched=True,
... num_proc=4,
... remove_columns=eli5["train"].column_names,
... )
```
Ahora necesitas una segunda función de preprocesamiento para capturar el texto truncado de cualquier ejemplo demasiado largo para evitar cualquier pérdida de información. Esta función de preprocesamiento debería:
- Concatenar todo el texto.
- Dividir el texto concatenado en trozos más pequeños definidos por un `block_size`.
```py
>>> block_size = 128
>>> def group_texts(examples):
... concatenated_examples = {k: sum(examples[k], []) for k in examples.keys()}
... total_length = len(concatenated_examples[list(examples.keys())[0]])
... total_length = (total_length // block_size) * block_size
... result = {
... k: [t[i : i + block_size] for i in range(0, total_length, block_size)]
... for k, t in concatenated_examples.items()
... }
... result["labels"] = result["input_ids"].copy()
... return result
```
Aplica la función `group_texts` sobre todo el dataset:
```py
>>> lm_dataset = tokenized_eli5.map(group_texts, batched=True, num_proc=4)
```
Para modelados de lenguaje causales, usa [`DataCollatorForLanguageModeling`] para crear un lote de ejemplos. Esto también *rellenará dinámicamente* tu texto a la dimensión del elemento más largo del lote para que de esta manera tengan largo uniforme. Si bien es posible rellenar tu texto en la función `tokenizer` mediante el argumento `padding=True`, el rellenado dinámico es más eficiente.
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Puedes usar el token de final de secuencia como el token de relleno y asignar `mlm=False`. Esto usará los inputs como etiquetas movidas un elemento hacia la derecha:
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForLanguageModeling
>>> tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.eos_token
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer=tokenizer, mlm=False)
```
Para modelados de lenguaje por enmascaramiento usa el mismo [`DataCollatorForLanguageModeling`] excepto que deberás especificar `mlm_probability` para enmascarar tokens aleatoriamente cada vez que iteras sobre los datos.
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForLanguageModeling
>>> tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.eos_token
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer=tokenizer, mlm_probability=0.15)
```
</pt>
<tf>
Puedes usar el token de final de secuencia como el token de relleno y asignar `mlm=False`. Esto usará los inputs como etiquetas movidas un elemento hacia la derecha:
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForLanguageModeling
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer=tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="tf")
```
Para modelados de lenguajes por enmascaramiento usa el mismo [`DataCollatorForLanguageModeling`] excepto que deberás especificar `mlm_probability` para enmascarar tokens aleatoriamente cada vez que iteras sobre los datos.
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForLanguageModeling
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer=tokenizer, mlm=False, return_tensors="tf")
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Modelado de lenguaje causal
El modelado de lenguaje causal es frecuentemente utilizado para generación de texto. Esta sección te muestra cómo realizar fine-tuning a [DistilGPT2](https://huggingface.co/distilgpt2) para generar nuevo texto.
### Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga DistilGPT2 con [`AutoModelForCausalLM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
```
<Tip>
Si no estás familiarizado con el proceso de realizar fine-tuning sobre un modelo con [`Trainer`], considera el tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
A este punto, solo faltan tres pasos:
1. Definir tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`].
2. Pasarle los argumentos de entrenamiento a [`Trainer`] junto con el modelo, dataset, y el data collator.
3. Realiza la llamada [`~Trainer.train`] para realizar el fine-tuning sobre tu modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... evaluation_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=2e-5,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=lm_dataset["train"],
... eval_dataset=lm_dataset["test"],
... data_collator=data_collator,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
</pt>
<tf>
Para realizar el fine-tuning de un modelo en TensorFlow, comienza por convertir tus datasets al formato `tf.data.Dataset` con [`to_tf_dataset`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.to_tf_dataset). Especifica los inputs y etiquetas en `columns`, ya sea para mezclar el dataset, tamaño de lote, y el data collator:
```py
>>> tf_train_set = lm_dataset["train"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... dummy_labels=True,
... shuffle=True,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
>>> tf_test_set = lm_dataset["test"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... dummy_labels=True,
... shuffle=False,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
```
<Tip>
Si no estás familiarizado con realizar fine-tuning de tus modelos con Keras, considera el tutorial básico [aquí](training#finetune-with-keras)!
</Tip>
Crea la función optimizadora, la tasa de aprendizaje, y algunos hiperparámetros de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import create_optimizer, AdamWeightDecay
>>> optimizer = AdamWeightDecay(learning_rate=2e-5, weight_decay_rate=0.01)
```
Carga DistilGPT2 con [`TFAutoModelForCausalLM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForCausalLM
>>> model = TFAutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
```
Configura el modelo para entrenamiento con [`compile`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#compile-method):
```py
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)
```
Llama a [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#fit-method) para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo:
```py
>>> model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_test_set, epochs=3)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Modelado de lenguaje por enmascaramiento
El modelado de lenguaje por enmascaramiento es también conocido como una tarea de rellenar la máscara, pues predice un token enmascarado dada una secuencia. Los modelos de lenguaje por enmascaramiento requieren una buena comprensión del contexto de una secuencia entera, en lugar de solo el contexto a la izquierda. Esta sección te enseña como realizar el fine-tuning de [DistilRoBERTa](https://huggingface.co/distilroberta-base) para predecir una palabra enmascarada.
### Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga DistilRoBERTa con [`AutoModelForMaskedlM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForMaskedLM
>>> model = AutoModelForMaskedLM.from_pretrained("distilroberta-base")
```
<Tip>
Si no estás familiarizado con el proceso de realizar fine-tuning sobre un modelo con [`Trainer`], considera el tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
A este punto, solo faltan tres pasos:
1. Definir tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`].
2. Pasarle los argumentos de entrenamiento a [`Trainer`] junto con el modelo, dataset, y el data collator.
3. Realiza la llamada [`~Trainer.train`] para realizar el fine-tuning de tu modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... evaluation_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=2e-5,
... num_train_epochs=3,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=lm_dataset["train"],
... eval_dataset=lm_dataset["test"],
... data_collator=data_collator,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
</pt>
<tf>
Para realizar el fine-tuning de un modelo en TensorFlow, comienza por convertir tus datasets al formato `tf.data.Dataset` con [`to_tf_dataset`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html#datasets.Dataset.to_tf_dataset). Especifica los inputs y etiquetas en `columns`, ya sea para mezclar el dataset, tamaño de lote, y el data collator:
```py
>>> tf_train_set = lm_dataset["train"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... dummy_labels=True,
... shuffle=True,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
>>> tf_test_set = lm_dataset["test"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... dummy_labels=True,
... shuffle=False,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
```
<Tip>
Si no estás familiarizado con realizar fine-tuning de tus modelos con Keras, considera el tutorial básico [aquí](training#finetune-with-keras)!
</Tip>
Crea la función optimizadora, la tasa de aprendizaje, y algunos hiperparámetros de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import create_optimizer, AdamWeightDecay
>>> optimizer = AdamWeightDecay(learning_rate=2e-5, weight_decay_rate=0.01)
```
Carga DistilRoBERTa con [`TFAutoModelForMaskedLM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForMaskedLM
>>> model = TFAutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilroberta-base")
```
Configura el modelo para entrenamiento con [`compile`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#compile-method):
```py
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)
```
Llama a [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#fit-method) para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo:
```py
>>> model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_test_set, epochs=3)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
<Tip>
Para un ejemplo más profundo sobre cómo realizar el fine-tuning sobre un modelo de lenguaje causal, considera
[PyTorch notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/language_modeling.ipynb)
o [TensorFlow notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/language_modeling-tf.ipynb).
</Tip> | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/asr.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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# Reconocimiento automático del habla
<Youtube id="TksaY_FDgnk"/>
El reconocimiento automático del habla (ASR, por sus siglas en inglés) convierte una señal de habla en texto y mapea una secuencia de entradas de audio en salidas en forma de texto. Los asistentes virtuales como Siri y Alexa usan modelos de ASR para ayudar a sus usuarios todos los días. De igual forma, hay muchas otras aplicaciones, como la transcripción de contenidos en vivo y la toma automática de notas durante reuniones.
En esta guía te mostraremos como:
1. Hacer fine-tuning al modelo [Wav2Vec2](https://huggingface.co/facebook/wav2vec2-base) con el dataset [MInDS-14](https://huggingface.co/datasets/PolyAI/minds14) para transcribir audio a texto.
2. Usar tu modelo ajustado para tareas de inferencia.
<Tip>
Revisa la [página de la tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/automatic-speech-recognition) de reconocimiento automático del habla para acceder a más información sobre los modelos, datasets y métricas asociados.
</Tip>
Antes de comenzar, asegúrate de haber instalado todas las librerías necesarias:
```bash
pip install transformers datasets evaluate jiwer
```
Te aconsejamos iniciar sesión con tu cuenta de Hugging Face para que puedas subir tu modelo y comartirlo con la comunidad. Cuando te sea solicitado, ingresa tu token para iniciar sesión:
```py
>>> from huggingface_hub import notebook_login
>>> notebook_login()
```
## Cargar el dataset MInDS-14
Comencemos cargando un subconjunto más pequeño del dataset [MInDS-14](https://huggingface.co/datasets/PolyAI/minds14) desde la biblioteca 🤗 Datasets. De esta forma, tendrás la oportunidad de experimentar y asegurarte de que todo funcione antes de invertir más tiempo entrenando con el dataset entero.
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset, Audio
>>> minds = load_dataset("PolyAI/minds14", name="en-US", split="train[:100]")
```
Divide la partición `train` (entrenamiento) en una partición de entrenamiento y una de prueba usando el método [`~Dataset.train_test_split`]:
```py
>>> minds = minds.train_test_split(test_size=0.2)
```
Ahora échale un vistazo al dataset:
```py
>>> minds
DatasetDict({
train: Dataset({
features: ['path', 'audio', 'transcription', 'english_transcription', 'intent_class', 'lang_id'],
num_rows: 16
})
test: Dataset({
features: ['path', 'audio', 'transcription', 'english_transcription', 'intent_class', 'lang_id'],
num_rows: 4
})
})
```
Aunque el dataset contiene mucha información útil, como los campos `lang_id` (identificador del lenguaje) y `english_transcription` (transcripción al inglés), en esta guía nos enfocaremos en los campos `audio` y `transcription`. Puedes quitar las otras columnas con el método [`~datasets.Dataset.remove_columns`]:
```py
>>> minds = minds.remove_columns(["english_transcription", "intent_class", "lang_id"])
```
Vuelve a echarle un vistazo al ejemplo:
```py
>>> minds["train"][0]
{'audio': {'array': array([-0.00024414, 0. , 0. , ..., 0.00024414,
0.00024414, 0.00024414], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/f14948e0e84be638dd7943ac36518a4cf3324e8b7aa331c5ab11541518e9368c/en-US~APP_ERROR/602ba9e2963e11ccd901cd4f.wav',
'sampling_rate': 8000},
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/f14948e0e84be638dd7943ac36518a4cf3324e8b7aa331c5ab11541518e9368c/en-US~APP_ERROR/602ba9e2963e11ccd901cd4f.wav',
'transcription': "hi I'm trying to use the banking app on my phone and currently my checking and savings account balance is not refreshing"}
```
Hay dos campos:
- `audio`: un `array` (arreglo) unidimensional de la señal de habla que debe ser invocado para cargar y re-muestrear el archivo de audio.
- `transcription`: el texto objetivo.
## Preprocesamiento
El siguiente paso es cargar un procesador Wav2Vec2 para procesar la señal de audio:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoProcessor
>>> processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/wav2vec2-base")
```
El dataset MInDS-14 tiene una tasa de muestreo de 8000kHz (puedes encontrar esta información en su [tarjeta de dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/PolyAI/minds14)), lo que significa que tendrás que re-muestrear el dataset a 16000kHz para poder usar el modelo Wav2Vec2 pre-entrenado:
```py
>>> minds = minds.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16_000))
>>> minds["train"][0]
{'audio': {'array': array([-2.38064706e-04, -1.58618059e-04, -5.43987835e-06, ...,
2.78103951e-04, 2.38446111e-04, 1.18740834e-04], dtype=float32),
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/f14948e0e84be638dd7943ac36518a4cf3324e8b7aa331c5ab11541518e9368c/en-US~APP_ERROR/602ba9e2963e11ccd901cd4f.wav',
'sampling_rate': 16000},
'path': '/root/.cache/huggingface/datasets/downloads/extracted/f14948e0e84be638dd7943ac36518a4cf3324e8b7aa331c5ab11541518e9368c/en-US~APP_ERROR/602ba9e2963e11ccd901cd4f.wav',
'transcription': "hi I'm trying to use the banking app on my phone and currently my checking and savings account balance is not refreshing"}
```
Como puedes ver en el campo `transcription`, el texto contiene una mezcla de carácteres en mayúsculas y en minúsculas. El tokenizer Wav2Vec2 fue entrenado únicamente con carácteres en mayúsculas, así que tendrás que asegurarte de que el texto se ajuste al vocabulario del tokenizer:
```py
>>> def uppercase(example):
... return {"transcription": example["transcription"].upper()}
>>> minds = minds.map(uppercase)
```
Ahora vamos a crear una función de preprocesamiento que:
1. Invoque la columna `audio` para cargar y re-muestrear el archivo de audio.
2. Extraiga el campo `input_values` (valores de entrada) del archivo de audio y haga la tokenización de la columna `transcription` con el procesador.
```py
>>> def prepare_dataset(batch):
... audio = batch["audio"]
... batch = processor(audio["array"], sampling_rate=audio["sampling_rate"], text=batch["transcription"])
... batch["input_length"] = len(batch["input_values"][0])
... return batch
```
Para aplicar la función de preprocesamiento a todo el dataset, puedes usar la función [`~datasets.Dataset.map`] de 🤗 Datasets. Para acelerar la función `map` puedes incrementar el número de procesos con el parámetro `num_proc`. Quita las columnas que no necesites con el método [`~datasets.Dataset.remove_columns`]:
```py
>>> encoded_minds = minds.map(prepare_dataset, remove_columns=minds.column_names["train"], num_proc=4)
```
🤗 Transformers no tiene un collator de datos para la tarea de ASR, así que tendrás que adaptar el [`DataCollatorWithPadding`] para crear un lote de ejemplos. El collator también le aplicará padding dinámico a tu texto y etiquetas para que tengan la longitud del elemento más largo en su lote (en vez de la mayor longitud en el dataset entero), de forma que todas las muestras tengan una longitud uniforme. Aunque es posible hacerle padding a tu texto con el `tokenizer` haciendo `padding=True`, el padding dinámico es más eficiente.
A diferencia de otros collators de datos, este tiene que aplicarle un método de padding distinto a los campos `input_values` (valores de entrada) y `labels` (etiquetas):
```py
>>> import torch
>>> from dataclasses import dataclass, field
>>> from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
>>> @dataclass
... class DataCollatorCTCWithPadding:
... processor: AutoProcessor
... padding: Union[bool, str] = "longest"
... def __call__(self, features: List[Dict[str, Union[List[int], torch.Tensor]]]) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
... # particiona las entradas y las etiquetas ya que tienen que tener longitudes distintas y
... # requieren métodos de padding diferentes
... input_features = [{"input_values": feature["input_values"][0]} for feature in features]
... label_features = [{"input_ids": feature["labels"]} for feature in features]
... batch = self.processor.pad(input_features, padding=self.padding, return_tensors="pt")
... labels_batch = self.processor.pad(labels=label_features, padding=self.padding, return_tensors="pt")
... # remplaza el padding con -100 para ignorar la pérdida de forma correcta
... labels = labels_batch["input_ids"].masked_fill(labels_batch.attention_mask.ne(1), -100)
... batch["labels"] = labels
... return batch
```
Ahora puedes instanciar tu `DataCollatorForCTCWithPadding`:
```py
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorCTCWithPadding(processor=processor, padding="longest")
```
## Evaluación
A menudo es útil incluir una métrica durante el entrenamiento para evaluar el rendimiento de tu modelo. Puedes cargar un método de evaluación rápidamente con la biblioteca 🤗 [Evaluate](https://huggingface.co/docs/evaluate/index). Para esta tarea, puedes usar la métrica de [tasa de error por palabra](https://huggingface.co/spaces/evaluate-metric/wer) (WER, por sus siglas en inglés). Puedes ver la [guía rápida](https://huggingface.co/docs/evaluate/a_quick_tour) de 🤗 Evaluate para aprender más acerca de cómo cargar y computar una métrica.
```py
>>> import evaluate
>>> wer = evaluate.load("wer")
```
Ahora crea una función que le pase tus predicciones y etiquetas a [`~evaluate.EvaluationModule.compute`] para calcular la WER:
```py
>>> import numpy as np
>>> def compute_metrics(pred):
... pred_logits = pred.predictions
... pred_ids = np.argmax(pred_logits, axis=-1)
... pred.label_ids[pred.label_ids == -100] = processor.tokenizer.pad_token_id
... pred_str = processor.batch_decode(pred_ids)
... label_str = processor.batch_decode(pred.label_ids, group_tokens=False)
... wer = wer.compute(predictions=pred_str, references=label_str)
... return {"wer": wer}
```
Ahora tu función `compute_metrics` (computar métricas) está lista y podrás usarla cuando estés preparando tu entrenamiento.
## Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
<Tip>
Si no tienes experiencia haciéndole fine-tuning a un modelo con el [`Trainer`], ¡échale un vistazo al tutorial básico [aquí](../training#train-with-pytorch-trainer)!
</Tip>
¡Ya puedes empezar a entrenar tu modelo! Para ello, carga Wav2Vec2 con [`AutoModelForCTC`]. Especifica la reducción que quieres aplicar con el parámetro `ctc_loss_reduction`. A menudo, es mejor usar el promedio en lugar de la sumatoria que se hace por defecto.
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForCTC, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForCTC.from_pretrained(
... "facebook/wav2vec2-base",
... ctc_loss_reduction="mean",
... pad_token_id=processor.tokenizer.pad_token_id,
... )
```
En este punto, solo quedan tres pasos:
1. Define tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`]. El único parámetro obligatorio es `output_dir` (carpeta de salida), el cual especifica dónde guardar tu modelo. Puedes subir este modelo al Hub haciendo `push_to_hub=True` (debes haber iniciado sesión en Hugging Face para subir tu modelo). Al final de cada época, el [`Trainer`] evaluará la WER y guardará el punto de control del entrenamiento.
2. Pásale los argumentos del entrenamiento al [`Trainer`] junto con el modelo, el dataset, el tokenizer, el collator de datos y la función `compute_metrics`.
3. Llama el método [`~Trainer.train`] para hacerle fine-tuning a tu modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="my_awesome_asr_mind_model",
... per_device_train_batch_size=8,
... gradient_accumulation_steps=2,
... learning_rate=1e-5,
... warmup_steps=500,
... max_steps=2000,
... gradient_checkpointing=True,
... fp16=True,
... group_by_length=True,
... evaluation_strategy="steps",
... per_device_eval_batch_size=8,
... save_steps=1000,
... eval_steps=1000,
... logging_steps=25,
... load_best_model_at_end=True,
... metric_for_best_model="wer",
... greater_is_better=False,
... push_to_hub=True,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=encoded_minds["train"],
... eval_dataset=encoded_minds["test"],
... tokenizer=processor.feature_extractor,
... data_collator=data_collator,
... compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
Una vez que el entrenamiento haya sido completado, comparte tu modelo en el Hub con el método [`~transformers.Trainer.push_to_hub`] para que todo el mundo pueda usar tu modelo:
```py
>>> trainer.push_to_hub()
```
</pt>
</frameworkcontent>
<Tip>
Para ver un ejemplo más detallado de cómo hacerle fine-tuning a un modelo para reconocimiento automático del habla, échale un vistazo a esta [entrada de blog](https://huggingface.co/blog/fine-tune-wav2vec2-english) para ASR en inglés y a esta [entrada](https://huggingface.co/blog/fine-tune-xlsr-wav2vec2) para ASR multilingüe.
</Tip>
## Inferencia
¡Genial, ahora que le has hecho fine-tuning a un modelo, puedes usarlo para inferencia!
Carga el archivo de audio sobre el cual quieras correr la inferencia. ¡Recuerda re-muestrar la tasa de muestreo del archivo de audio para que sea la misma del modelo si es necesario!
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset, Audio
>>> dataset = load_dataset("PolyAI/minds14", "en-US", split="train")
>>> dataset = dataset.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16000))
>>> sampling_rate = dataset.features["audio"].sampling_rate
>>> audio_file = dataset[0]["audio"]["path"]
```
La manera más simple de probar tu modelo para hacer inferencia es usarlo en un [`pipeline`]. Puedes instanciar un `pipeline` para reconocimiento automático del habla con tu modelo y pasarle tu archivo de audio:
```py
>>> from transformers import pipeline
>>> transcriber = pipeline("automatic-speech-recognition", model="stevhliu/my_awesome_asr_minds_model")
>>> transcriber(audio_file)
{'text': 'I WOUD LIKE O SET UP JOINT ACOUNT WTH Y PARTNER'}
```
<Tip>
La transcripción es decente, pero podría ser mejor. ¡Intenta hacerle fine-tuning a tu modelo con más ejemplos para obtener resultados aún mejores!
</Tip>
También puedes replicar de forma manual los resultados del `pipeline` si lo deseas:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga un procesador para preprocesar el archivo de audio y la transcripción y devuelve el `input` como un tensor de PyTorch:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoProcessor
>>> processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("stevhliu/my_awesome_asr_mind_model")
>>> inputs = processor(dataset[0]["audio"]["array"], sampling_rate=sampling_rate, return_tensors="pt")
```
Pásale tus entradas al modelo y devuelve los logits:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForCTC
>>> model = AutoModelForCTC.from_pretrained("stevhliu/my_awesome_asr_mind_model")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... logits = model(**inputs).logits
```
Obtén los identificadores de los tokens con mayor probabilidad en las predicciones y usa el procesador para decodificarlos y transformarlos en texto:
```py
>>> import torch
>>> predicted_ids = torch.argmax(logits, dim=-1)
>>> transcription = processor.batch_decode(predicted_ids)
>>> transcription
['I WOUL LIKE O SET UP JOINT ACOUNT WTH Y PARTNER']
```
</pt>
</frameworkcontent>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/multiple_choice.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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# Selección múltiple
La tarea de selección múltiple es parecida a la de responder preguntas, con la excepción de que se dan varias opciones de respuesta junto con el contexto. El modelo se entrena para escoger la respuesta correcta
entre varias opciones a partir del contexto dado.
Esta guía te mostrará como hacerle fine-tuning a [BERT](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-uncased) en la configuración `regular` del dataset [SWAG](https://huggingface.co/datasets/swag), de forma
que seleccione la mejor respuesta a partir de varias opciones y algún contexto.
## Cargar el dataset SWAG
Carga el dataset SWAG con la biblioteca 🤗 Datasets:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> swag = load_dataset("swag", "regular")
```
Ahora, échale un vistazo a un ejemplo del dataset:
```py
>>> swag["train"][0]
{'ending0': 'passes by walking down the street playing their instruments.',
'ending1': 'has heard approaching them.',
'ending2': "arrives and they're outside dancing and asleep.",
'ending3': 'turns the lead singer watches the performance.',
'fold-ind': '3416',
'gold-source': 'gold',
'label': 0,
'sent1': 'Members of the procession walk down the street holding small horn brass instruments.',
'sent2': 'A drum line',
'startphrase': 'Members of the procession walk down the street holding small horn brass instruments. A drum line',
'video-id': 'anetv_jkn6uvmqwh4'}
```
Los campos `sent1` y `sent2` muestran cómo comienza una oración, y cada campo `ending` indica cómo podría terminar. Dado el comienzo de la oración, el modelo debe escoger el final de oración correcto indicado por el campo `label`.
## Preprocesmaiento
Carga el tokenizer de BERT para procesar el comienzo de cada oración y los cuatro finales posibles:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
```
La función de preprocesmaiento debe hacer lo siguiente:
1. Hacer cuatro copias del campo `sent1` de forma que se pueda combinar cada una con el campo `sent2` para recrear la forma en que empieza la oración.
2. Combinar `sent2` con cada uno de los cuatro finales de oración posibles.
3. Aplanar las dos listas para que puedas tokenizarlas, y luego des-aplanarlas para que cada ejemplo tenga los campos `input_ids`, `attention_mask` y `labels` correspondientes.
```py
>>> ending_names = ["ending0", "ending1", "ending2", "ending3"]
>>> def preprocess_function(examples):
... first_sentences = [[context] * 4 for context in examples["sent1"]]
... question_headers = examples["sent2"]
... second_sentences = [
... [f"{header} {examples[end][i]}" for end in ending_names] for i, header in enumerate(question_headers)
... ]
... first_sentences = sum(first_sentences, [])
... second_sentences = sum(second_sentences, [])
... tokenized_examples = tokenizer(first_sentences, second_sentences, truncation=True)
... return {k: [v[i : i + 4] for i in range(0, len(v), 4)] for k, v in tokenized_examples.items()}
```
Usa la función [`~datasets.Dataset.map`] de 🤗 Datasets para aplicarle la función de preprocesamiento al dataset entero. Puedes acelerar la función `map` haciendo `batched=True` para procesar varios elementos del dataset a la vez.
```py
tokenized_swag = swag.map(preprocess_function, batched=True)
```
🤗 Transformers no tiene un collator de datos para la tarea de selección múltiple, así que tendrías que crear uno. Puedes adaptar el [`DataCollatorWithPadding`] para crear un lote de ejemplos para selección múltiple. Este también
le *añadirá relleno de manera dinámica* a tu texto y a las etiquetas para que tengan la longitud del elemento más largo en su lote, de forma que tengan una longitud uniforme. Aunque es posible rellenar el texto en la función `tokenizer` haciendo
`padding=True`, el rellenado dinámico es más eficiente.
El `DataCollatorForMultipleChoice` aplanará todas las entradas del modelo, les aplicará relleno y luego des-aplanará los resultados:
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```py
>>> from dataclasses import dataclass
>>> from transformers.tokenization_utils_base import PreTrainedTokenizerBase, PaddingStrategy
>>> from typing import Optional, Union
>>> import torch
>>> @dataclass
... class DataCollatorForMultipleChoice:
... """
... Collator de datos que le añadirá relleno de forma automática a las entradas recibidas para
... una tarea de selección múltiple.
... """
... tokenizer: PreTrainedTokenizerBase
... padding: Union[bool, str, PaddingStrategy] = True
... max_length: Optional[int] = None
... pad_to_multiple_of: Optional[int] = None
... def __call__(self, features):
... label_name = "label" if "label" in features[0].keys() else "labels"
... labels = [feature.pop(label_name) for feature in features]
... batch_size = len(features)
... num_choices = len(features[0]["input_ids"])
... flattened_features = [
... [{k: v[i] for k, v in feature.items()} for i in range(num_choices)] for feature in features
... ]
... flattened_features = sum(flattened_features, [])
... batch = self.tokenizer.pad(
... flattened_features,
... padding=self.padding,
... max_length=self.max_length,
... pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of,
... return_tensors="pt",
... )
... batch = {k: v.view(batch_size, num_choices, -1) for k, v in batch.items()}
... batch["labels"] = torch.tensor(labels, dtype=torch.int64)
... return batch
```
</pt>
<tf>
```py
>>> from dataclasses import dataclass
>>> from transformers.tokenization_utils_base import PreTrainedTokenizerBase, PaddingStrategy
>>> from typing import Optional, Union
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> @dataclass
... class DataCollatorForMultipleChoice:
... """
... Data collator that will dynamically pad the inputs for multiple choice received.
... """
... tokenizer: PreTrainedTokenizerBase
... padding: Union[bool, str, PaddingStrategy] = True
... max_length: Optional[int] = None
... pad_to_multiple_of: Optional[int] = None
... def __call__(self, features):
... label_name = "label" if "label" in features[0].keys() else "labels"
... labels = [feature.pop(label_name) for feature in features]
... batch_size = len(features)
... num_choices = len(features[0]["input_ids"])
... flattened_features = [
... [{k: v[i] for k, v in feature.items()} for i in range(num_choices)] for feature in features
... ]
... flattened_features = sum(flattened_features, [])
... batch = self.tokenizer.pad(
... flattened_features,
... padding=self.padding,
... max_length=self.max_length,
... pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of,
... return_tensors="tf",
... )
... batch = {k: tf.reshape(v, (batch_size, num_choices, -1)) for k, v in batch.items()}
... batch["labels"] = tf.convert_to_tensor(labels, dtype=tf.int64)
... return batch
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga el modelo BERT con [`AutoModelForMultipleChoice`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForMultipleChoice, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForMultipleChoice.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el fine-tuning con [`Trainer`], ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
En este punto, solo quedan tres pasos:
1. Definir tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`].
2. Pasarle los argumentos del entrenamiento al [`Trainer`] jnto con el modelo, el dataset, el tokenizer y el collator de datos.
3. Invocar el método [`~Trainer.train`] para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... evaluation_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=5e-5,
... per_device_train_batch_size=16,
... per_device_eval_batch_size=16,
... num_train_epochs=3,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=tokenized_swag["train"],
... eval_dataset=tokenized_swag["validation"],
... tokenizer=tokenizer,
... data_collator=DataCollatorForMultipleChoice(tokenizer=tokenizer),
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
</pt>
<tf>
Para realizar el fine-tuning de un modelo en TensorFlow, primero convierte tus datasets al formato `tf.data.Dataset` con el método [`~TFPreTrainedModel.prepare_tf_dataset`].
```py
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForMultipleChoice(tokenizer=tokenizer)
>>> tf_train_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
... tokenized_swag["train"],
... shuffle=True,
... batch_size=batch_size,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
>>> tf_validation_set = model.prepare_tf_dataset(
... tokenized_swag["validation"],
... shuffle=False,
... batch_size=batch_size,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el fine-tuning con Keras, ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](training#finetune-with-keras)!
</Tip>
Prepara una función de optimización, un programa para la tasa de aprendizaje y algunos hiperparámetros de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import create_optimizer
>>> batch_size = 16
>>> num_train_epochs = 2
>>> total_train_steps = (len(tokenized_swag["train"]) // batch_size) * num_train_epochs
>>> optimizer, schedule = create_optimizer(init_lr=5e-5, num_warmup_steps=0, num_train_steps=total_train_steps)
```
Carga el modelo BERT con [`TFAutoModelForMultipleChoice`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForMultipleChoice
>>> model = TFAutoModelForMultipleChoice.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
```
Configura el modelo para entrenarlo con [`compile`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#compile-method):
```py
>>> model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)
```
Invoca el método [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#fit-method) para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo:
```py
>>> model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_validation_set, epochs=2)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/image_classification.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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-->
# Clasificación de imágenes
<Youtube id="tjAIM7BOYhw"/>
La clasificación de imágenes asigna una etiqueta o clase a una imagen. A diferencia de la clasificación de texto o audio, las entradas son los valores de los píxeles que representan una imagen. La clasificación de imágenes tiene muchos usos, como la detección de daños tras una catástrofe, el control de la salud de los cultivos o la búsqueda de signos de enfermedad en imágenes médicas.
Esta guía te mostrará como hacer fine-tune al [ViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/v4.16.2/en/model_doc/vit) en el dataset [Food-101](https://huggingface.co/datasets/food101) para clasificar un alimento en una imagen.
<Tip>
Consulta la [página de la tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/audio-classification) de clasificación de imágenes para obtener más información sobre sus modelos, datasets y métricas asociadas.
</Tip>
## Carga el dataset Food-101
Carga solo las primeras 5000 imágenes del dataset Food-101 de la biblioteca 🤗 de Datasets ya que es bastante grande:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> food = load_dataset("food101", split="train[:5000]")
```
Divide el dataset en un train y un test set:
```py
>>> food = food.train_test_split(test_size=0.2)
```
A continuación, observa un ejemplo:
```py
>>> food["train"][0]
{'image': <PIL.JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile image mode=RGB size=512x512 at 0x7F52AFC8AC50>,
'label': 79}
```
El campo `image` contiene una imagen PIL, y cada `label` es un número entero que representa una clase. Crea un diccionario que asigne un nombre de label a un entero y viceversa. El mapeo ayudará al modelo a recuperar el nombre de label a partir del número de la misma:
```py
>>> labels = food["train"].features["label"].names
>>> label2id, id2label = dict(), dict()
>>> for i, label in enumerate(labels):
... label2id[label] = str(i)
... id2label[str(i)] = label
```
Ahora puedes convertir el número de label en un nombre de label para obtener más información:
```py
>>> id2label[str(79)]
'prime_rib'
```
Cada clase de alimento - o label - corresponde a un número; `79` indica una costilla de primera en el ejemplo anterior.
## Preprocesa
Carga el image processor de ViT para procesar la imagen en un tensor:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor
>>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k")
```
Aplica varias transformaciones de imagen al dataset para hacer el modelo más robusto contra el overfitting. En este caso se utilizará el módulo [`transforms`](https://pytorch.org/vision/stable/transforms.html) de torchvision. Recorta una parte aleatoria de la imagen, cambia su tamaño y normalízala con la media y la desviación estándar de la imagen:
```py
>>> from torchvision.transforms import RandomResizedCrop, Compose, Normalize, ToTensor
>>> normalize = Normalize(mean=image_processor.image_mean, std=image_processor.image_std)
>>> _transforms = Compose([RandomResizedCrop(image_processor.size["height"]), ToTensor(), normalize])
```
Crea una función de preprocesamiento que aplique las transformaciones y devuelva los `pixel_values` - los inputs al modelo - de la imagen:
```py
>>> def transforms(examples):
... examples["pixel_values"] = [_transforms(img.convert("RGB")) for img in examples["image"]]
... del examples["image"]
... return examples
```
Utiliza el método [`with_transform`](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes.html?#datasets.Dataset.with_transform) de 🤗 Dataset para aplicar las transformaciones sobre todo el dataset. Las transformaciones se aplican sobre la marcha cuando se carga un elemento del dataset:
```py
>>> food = food.with_transform(transforms)
```
Utiliza [`DefaultDataCollator`] para crear un batch de ejemplos. A diferencia de otros data collators en 🤗 Transformers, el DefaultDataCollator no aplica un preprocesamiento adicional como el padding.
```py
>>> from transformers import DefaultDataCollator
>>> data_collator = DefaultDataCollator()
```
## Entrena
Carga ViT con [`AutoModelForImageClassification`]. Especifica el número de labels, y pasa al modelo el mapping entre el número de label y la clase de label:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForImageClassification, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained(
... "google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k",
... num_labels=len(labels),
... id2label=id2label,
... label2id=label2id,
... )
```
<Tip>
Si no estás familiarizado con el fine-tuning de un modelo con el [`Trainer`], echa un vistazo al tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
Al llegar a este punto, solo quedan tres pasos:
1. Define tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`TrainingArguments`]. Es importante que no elimines las columnas que no se utilicen, ya que esto hará que desaparezca la columna `image`. Sin la columna `image` no puedes crear `pixel_values`. Establece `remove_unused_columns=False` para evitar este comportamiento.
2. Pasa los training arguments al [`Trainer`] junto con el modelo, los datasets, tokenizer y data collator.
3. Llama [`~Trainer.train`] para hacer fine-tune de tu modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... per_device_train_batch_size=16,
... evaluation_strategy="steps",
... num_train_epochs=4,
... fp16=True,
... save_steps=100,
... eval_steps=100,
... logging_steps=10,
... learning_rate=2e-4,
... save_total_limit=2,
... remove_unused_columns=False,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... data_collator=data_collator,
... train_dataset=food["train"],
... eval_dataset=food["test"],
... tokenizer=image_processor,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
<Tip>
Para ver un ejemplo más a profundidad de cómo hacer fine-tune a un modelo para clasificación de imágenes, echa un vistazo al correspondiente [PyTorch notebook](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/image_classification.ipynb).
</Tip>
| 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/es/tasks/summarization.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# Generación de resúmenes
<Youtube id="yHnr5Dk2zCI"/>
La generación de resúmenes (summarization, en inglés) crea una versión más corta de un documento o un artículo que resume toda su información importante. Junto con la traducción, es un ejemplo de una tarea que puede ser formulada como una tarea secuencia a secuencia. La generación de resúmenes puede ser:
- Extractiva: Extrae la información más relevante de un documento.
- Abstractiva: Genera un texto nuevo que captura la información más importante.
Esta guía te mostrará cómo puedes hacer fine-tuning del modelo [T5](https://huggingface.co/t5-small) sobre el subset de proyectos de ley del estado de California, dentro del dataset [BillSum](https://huggingface.co/datasets/billsum) para hacer generación de resúmenes abstractiva.
<Tip>
Consulta la [página de la tarea](https://huggingface.co/tasks/summarization) de generación de resúmenes para obtener más información sobre sus modelos, datasets y métricas asociadas.
</Tip>
## Carga el dataset BillSum
Carga el dataset BillSum de la biblioteca 🤗 Datasets:
```py
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> billsum = load_dataset("billsum", split="ca_test")
```
Divide el dataset en un set de train y un set de test:
```py
>>> billsum = billsum.train_test_split(test_size=0.2)
```
A continuación, observa un ejemplo:
```py
>>> billsum["train"][0]
{'summary': 'Existing law authorizes state agencies to enter into contracts for the acquisition of goods or services upon approval by the Department of General Services. Existing law sets forth various requirements and prohibitions for those contracts, including, but not limited to, a prohibition on entering into contracts for the acquisition of goods or services of $100,000 or more with a contractor that discriminates between spouses and domestic partners or same-sex and different-sex couples in the provision of benefits. Existing law provides that a contract entered into in violation of those requirements and prohibitions is void and authorizes the state or any person acting on behalf of the state to bring a civil action seeking a determination that a contract is in violation and therefore void. Under existing law, a willful violation of those requirements and prohibitions is a misdemeanor.\nThis bill would also prohibit a state agency from entering into contracts for the acquisition of goods or services of $100,000 or more with a contractor that discriminates between employees on the basis of gender identity in the provision of benefits, as specified. By expanding the scope of a crime, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program.\nThe California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.\nThis bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.',
'text': 'The people of the State of California do enact as follows:\n\n\nSECTION 1.\nSection 10295.35 is added to the Public Contract Code, to read:\n10295.35.\n(a) (1) Notwithstanding any other law, a state agency shall not enter into any contract for the acquisition of goods or services in the amount of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more with a contractor that, in the provision of benefits, discriminates between employees on the basis of an employee’s or dependent’s actual or perceived gender identity, including, but not limited to, the employee’s or dependent’s identification as transgender.\n(2) For purposes of this section, “contract” includes contracts with a cumulative amount of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more per contractor in each fiscal year.\n(3) For purposes of this section, an employee health plan is discriminatory if the plan is not consistent with Section 1365.5 of the Health and Safety Code and Section 10140 of the Insurance Code.\n(4) The requirements of this section shall apply only to those portions of a contractor’s operations that occur under any of the following conditions:\n(A) Within the state.\n(B) On real property outside the state if the property is owned by the state or if the state has a right to occupy the property, and if the contractor’s presence at that location is connected to a contract with the state.\n(C) Elsewhere in the United States where work related to a state contract is being performed.\n(b) Contractors shall treat as confidential, to the maximum extent allowed by law or by the requirement of the contractor’s insurance provider, any request by an employee or applicant for employment benefits or any documentation of eligibility for benefits submitted by an employee or applicant for employment.\n(c) After taking all reasonable measures to find a contractor that complies with this section, as determined by the state agency, the requirements of this section may be waived under any of the following circumstances:\n(1) There is only one prospective contractor willing to enter into a specific contract with the state agency.\n(2) The contract is necessary to respond to an emergency, as determined by the state agency, that endangers the public health, welfare, or safety, or the contract is necessary for the provision of essential services, and no entity that complies with the requirements of this section capable of responding to the emergency is immediately available.\n(3) The requirements of this section violate, or are inconsistent with, the terms or conditions of a grant, subvention, or agreement, if the agency has made a good faith attempt to change the terms or conditions of any grant, subvention, or agreement to authorize application of this section.\n(4) The contractor is providing wholesale or bulk water, power, or natural gas, the conveyance or transmission of the same, or ancillary services, as required for ensuring reliable services in accordance with good utility practice, if the purchase of the same cannot practically be accomplished through the standard competitive bidding procedures and the contractor is not providing direct retail services to end users.\n(d) (1) A contractor shall not be deemed to discriminate in the provision of benefits if the contractor, in providing the benefits, pays the actual costs incurred in obtaining the benefit.\n(2) If a contractor is unable to provide a certain benefit, despite taking reasonable measures to do so, the contractor shall not be deemed to discriminate in the provision of benefits.\n(e) (1) Every contract subject to this chapter shall contain a statement by which the contractor certifies that the contractor is in compliance with this section.\n(2) The department or other contracting agency shall enforce this section pursuant to its existing enforcement powers.\n(3) (A) If a contractor falsely certifies that it is in compliance with this section, the contract with that contractor shall be subject to Article 9 (commencing with Section 10420), unless, within a time period specified by the department or other contracting agency, the contractor provides to the department or agency proof that it has complied, or is in the process of complying, with this section.\n(B) The application of the remedies or penalties contained in Article 9 (commencing with Section 10420) to a contract subject to this chapter shall not preclude the application of any existing remedies otherwise available to the department or other contracting agency under its existing enforcement powers.\n(f) Nothing in this section is intended to regulate the contracting practices of any local jurisdiction.\n(g) This section shall be construed so as not to conflict with applicable federal laws, rules, or regulations. In the event that a court or agency of competent jurisdiction holds that federal law, rule, or regulation invalidates any clause, sentence, paragraph, or section of this code or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, it is the intent of the state that the court or agency sever that clause, sentence, paragraph, or section so that the remainder of this section shall remain in effect.\nSEC. 2.\nSection 10295.35 of the Public Contract Code shall not be construed to create any new enforcement authority or responsibility in the Department of General Services or any other contracting agency.\nSEC. 3.\nNo reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII\u2009B of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII\u2009B of the California Constitution.',
'title': 'An act to add Section 10295.35 to the Public Contract Code, relating to public contracts.'}
```
El campo `text` es el input y el campo `summary` es el objetivo.
## Preprocesa
Carga el tokenizador T5 para procesar `text` y `summary`:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-small")
```
La función de preprocesamiento necesita:
1. Agregar un prefijo al input; una clave para que T5 sepa que se trata de una tarea de generación de resúmenes. Algunos modelos capaces de realizar múltiples tareas de NLP requieren una clave que indique la tarea específica.
2. Usar el argumento `text_target` para tokenizar etiquetas.
3. Truncar secuencias para que no sean más largas que la longitud máxima fijada por el parámetro `max_length`.
```py
>>> prefix = "summarize: "
>>> def preprocess_function(examples):
... inputs = [prefix + doc for doc in examples["text"]]
... model_inputs = tokenizer(inputs, max_length=1024, truncation=True)
... labels = tokenizer(text_target=examples["summary"], max_length=128, truncation=True)
... model_inputs["labels"] = labels["input_ids"]
... return model_inputs
```
Usa la función [`~datasets.Dataset.map`] de 🤗 Datasets para aplicar la función de preprocesamiento sobre el dataset en su totalidad. Puedes acelerar la función `map` configurando el argumento `batched=True` para procesar múltiples elementos del dataset a la vez:
```py
>>> tokenized_billsum = billsum.map(preprocess_function, batched=True)
```
Usa [`DataCollatorForSeq2Seq`] para crear un lote de ejemplos. Esto también *rellenará dinámicamente* tu texto y etiquetas a la dimensión del elemento más largo del lote para que tengan un largo uniforme. Si bien es posible rellenar tu texto en la función `tokenizer` mediante el argumento `padding=True`, el rellenado dinámico es más eficiente.
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForSeq2Seq
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForSeq2Seq(tokenizer=tokenizer, model=model)
```
</pt>
<tf>
```py
>>> from transformers import DataCollatorForSeq2Seq
>>> data_collator = DataCollatorForSeq2Seq(tokenizer=tokenizer, model=model, return_tensors="tf")
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
## Entrenamiento
<frameworkcontent>
<pt>
Carga T5 con [`AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, Seq2SeqTrainingArguments, Seq2SeqTrainer
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-small")
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el proceso para realizar fine-tuning sobre un modelo con [`Trainer`], ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](../training#finetune-with-trainer)!
</Tip>
En este punto, solo faltan tres pasos:
1. Definir tus hiperparámetros de entrenamiento en [`Seq2SeqTrainingArguments`].
2. Pasarle los argumentos de entrenamiento a [`Seq2SeqTrainer`] junto con el modelo, dataset y data collator.
3. Llamar [`~Trainer.train`] para realizar el fine-tuning sobre tu modelo.
```py
>>> training_args = Seq2SeqTrainingArguments(
... output_dir="./results",
... evaluation_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=2e-5,
... per_device_train_batch_size=16,
... per_device_eval_batch_size=16,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... save_total_limit=3,
... num_train_epochs=1,
... fp16=True,
... )
>>> trainer = Seq2SeqTrainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=tokenized_billsum["train"],
... eval_dataset=tokenized_billsum["test"],
... tokenizer=tokenizer,
... data_collator=data_collator,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
</pt>
<tf>
Para hacer fine-tuning de un modelo en TensorFlow, comienza por convertir tus datasets al formato `tf.data.Dataset` con [`~datasets.Dataset.to_tf_dataset`]. Especifica los inputs y etiquetas en `columns`, el tamaño de lote, el data collator, y si es necesario mezclar el dataset:
```py
>>> tf_train_set = tokenized_billsum["train"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... shuffle=True,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
>>> tf_test_set = tokenized_billsum["test"].to_tf_dataset(
... columns=["attention_mask", "input_ids", "labels"],
... shuffle=False,
... batch_size=16,
... collate_fn=data_collator,
... )
```
<Tip>
Para familiarizarte con el fine-tuning con Keras, ¡mira el tutorial básico [aquí](training#finetune-with-keras)!
</Tip>
Crea la función optimizadora, establece la tasa de aprendizaje y algunos hiperparámetros de entrenamiento:
```py
>>> from transformers import create_optimizer, AdamWeightDecay
>>> optimizer = AdamWeightDecay(learning_rate=2e-5, weight_decay_rate=0.01)
```
Carga T5 con [`TFAutoModelForSeq2SeqLM`]:
```py
>>> from transformers import TFAutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
>>> model = TFAutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-small")
```
Configura el modelo para entrenamiento con [`compile`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#compile-method):
```py
>>> model.compile(optimizer=optimizer)
```
Llama a [`fit`](https://keras.io/api/models/model_training_apis/#fit-method) para realizar el fine-tuning del modelo:
```py
>>> model.fit(x=tf_train_set, validation_data=tf_test_set, epochs=3)
```
</tf>
</frameworkcontent>
<Tip>
Para un ejemplo con mayor profundidad de cómo hacer fine-tuning a un modelo para generación de resúmenes, revisa la
[notebook en PyTorch](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/summarization.ipynb)
o a la [notebook en TensorFlow](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/summarization-tf.ipynb).
</Tip>
| 0 |
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⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
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-->
# 🤗 Transformers
[PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/), [TensorFlow](https://www.tensorflow.org/), [JAX](https://jax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)のための最先端機械学習。
🤗 Transformers は最先端の学習済みモデルを簡単にダウンロードして学習するAPIとツールを提供します。学習済みモデルを使用することで計算コストと二酸化炭素の排出量を削減でき、またゼロからモデルを学習するために要求される時間とリソースを節約することができます。 これらのモデルは以下のような異なるモダリティにおける一般的なタスクをサポートします:
📝 **自然言語処理**: テキスト分類、 固有表現抽出、 質問応答、 言語モデリング、 文章要約、 機械翻訳、 複数選択、テキスト生成。<br>
🖼️ **コンピュータビジョン**: 画像分類、 物体検出、 セグメンテーション。<br>
🗣️ **音声**: 自動音声認識、音声分類。<br>
🐙 **マルチモーダル**: テーブル質問応答、 光学文字認識(OCR)、 スキャンされたドキュメントからの情報抽出、 動画分類、 visual question answering(視覚的質問応答)。
🤗 Transformers はPyTorch, TensorFlow, JAX間のフレームワーク相互運用性をサポートしています。 これはモデルの各段階で異なるフレームワークを使うための柔軟性を提供します。あるフレームワークで3行のコードでモデルを学習し、別のフレームワークで推論のためにモデルをロードすることが可能です。また、本番環境のデプロイのためにモデルをONNXやTorchScriptのような形式でエクスポートすることも可能です。
[Hub](https://huggingface.co/models), [forum](https://discuss.huggingface.co/), [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/JfAtkvEtRb)で成長中のコミュニティに今日参加しましょう！
## Hugging Faceチームによるカスタムサポートをご希望の場合
<a target="_blank" href="https://huggingface.co/support">
<img alt="HuggingFace Expert Acceleration Program" src="https://cdn-media.huggingface.co/marketing/transformers/new-support-improved.png" style="width: 100%; max-width: 600px; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);">
</a>
## 目次
ドキュメントは以下の5つのセクションで構成されています:
- **はじめに** は、ライブラリのクイックツアーとライブラリを使い始めるためのインストール手順を提供しています。
- **チュートリアル** は、初心者が始めるのに最適な場所です。このセクションでは、ライブラリを使い始めるために必要な基本的なスキルを習得できます。
- **HOW-TOガイド** は、言語モデリングのために学習済みモデルをfinetuningすることやカスタムモデルの作成と共有の方法などといった特定の目標を達成するための方法を示しています。
- **コンセプトガイド** は、モデルやタスク、そして 🤗 Transformersの設計思想の背景にある基本的にコンセプトや考え方についてより深く考察し解説しています。
- **API** 全てのクラスと関数を説明します:
- **MAIN CLASSES** は、configuration, model, tokenizer, pipelineといった最も重要なクラスについて詳細に説明しています。
- **MODELS** は、ライブラリで実装されているそれぞれのモデルに関連したクラスと関数を詳細に説明しています。
- **INTERNAL HELPERS** は、内部で使用されているユーティリティクラスや関数を詳細に説明しています。
### サポートされているモデル
<!--This list is updated automatically from the README with _make fix-copies_. Do not update manually! -->
1. **[ALBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/albert)** (Google Research and the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago から) Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut から公開された研究論文: [ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11942)
1. **[AltCLIP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/altclip)** (BAAI から) Chen, Zhongzhi and Liu, Guang and Zhang, Bo-Wen and Ye, Fulong and Yang, Qinghong and Wu, Ledell から公開された研究論文: [AltCLIP: Altering the Language Encoder in CLIP for Extended Language Capabilities](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06679)
1. **[Audio Spectrogram Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/audio-spectrogram-transformer)** (MIT から) Yuan Gong, Yu-An Chung, James Glass から公開された研究論文: [AST: Audio Spectrogram Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.01778)
1. **[BART](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bart)** (Facebook から) Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Ves Stoyanov and Luke Zettlemoyer から公開された研究論文: [BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13461)
1. **[BARThez](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/barthez)** (École polytechnique から) Moussa Kamal Eddine, Antoine J.-P. Tixier, Michalis Vazirgiannis から公開された研究論文: [BARThez: a Skilled Pretrained French Sequence-to-Sequence Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12321)
1. **[BARTpho](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bartpho)** (VinAI Research から) Nguyen Luong Tran, Duong Minh Le and Dat Quoc Nguyen から公開された研究論文: [BARTpho: Pre-trained Sequence-to-Sequence Models for Vietnamese](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.09701)
1. **[BEiT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/beit)** (Microsoft から) Hangbo Bao, Li Dong, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [BEiT: BERT Pre-Training of Image Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.08254)
1. **[BERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bert)** (Google から) Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee and Kristina Toutanova から公開された研究論文: [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805)
1. **[BERT For Sequence Generation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bert-generation)** (Google から) Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn から公開された研究論文: [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461)
1. **[BERTweet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bertweet)** (VinAI Research から) Dat Quoc Nguyen, Thanh Vu and Anh Tuan Nguyen から公開された研究論文: [BERTweet: A pre-trained language model for English Tweets](https://aclanthology.org/2020.emnlp-demos.2/)
1. **[BigBird-Pegasus](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bigbird_pegasus)** (Google Research から) Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed から公開された研究論文: [Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14062)
1. **[BigBird-RoBERTa](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/big_bird)** (Google Research から) Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed から公開された研究論文: [Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14062)
1. **[BioGpt](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/biogpt)** (Microsoft Research AI4Science から) Renqian Luo, Liai Sun, Yingce Xia, Tao Qin, Sheng Zhang, Hoifung Poon and Tie-Yan Liu から公開された研究論文: [BioGPT: generative pre-trained transformer for biomedical text generation and mining](https://academic.oup.com/bib/advance-article/doi/10.1093/bib/bbac409/6713511?guestAccessKey=a66d9b5d-4f83-4017-bb52-405815c907b9)
1. **[BiT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/bit)** (Google AI から) Alexander Kolesnikov, Lucas Beyer, Xiaohua Zhai, Joan Puigcerver, Jessica Yung, Sylvain Gelly, Neil から公開された研究論文: [Big Transfer (BiT)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.11370)Houlsby.
1. **[Blenderbot](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/blenderbot)** (Facebook から) Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston から公開された研究論文: [Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13637)
1. **[BlenderbotSmall](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/blenderbot-small)** (Facebook から) Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston から公開された研究論文: [Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13637)
1. **[BLIP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/blip)** (Salesforce から) Junnan Li, Dongxu Li, Caiming Xiong, Steven Hoi から公開された研究論文: [BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.12086)
1. **[BLOOM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bloom)** (BigScience workshop から) [BigScience Workshop](https://bigscience.huggingface.co/) から公開されました.
1. **[BORT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bort)** (Alexa から) Adrian de Wynter and Daniel J. Perry から公開された研究論文: [Optimal Subarchitecture Extraction For BERT](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.10499)
1. **[ByT5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/byt5)** (Google Research から) Linting Xue, Aditya Barua, Noah Constant, Rami Al-Rfou, Sharan Narang, Mihir Kale, Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel から公開された研究論文: [ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.13626)
1. **[CamemBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/camembert)** (Inria/Facebook/Sorbonne から) Louis Martin*, Benjamin Muller*, Pedro Javier Ortiz Suárez*, Yoann Dupont, Laurent Romary, Éric Villemonte de la Clergerie, Djamé Seddah and Benoît Sagot から公開された研究論文: [CamemBERT: a Tasty French Language Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.03894)
1. **[CANINE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/canine)** (Google Research から) Jonathan H. Clark, Dan Garrette, Iulia Turc, John Wieting から公開された研究論文: [CANINE: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06874)
1. **[Chinese-CLIP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/chinese_clip)** (OFA-Sys から) An Yang, Junshu Pan, Junyang Lin, Rui Men, Yichang Zhang, Jingren Zhou, Chang Zhou から公開された研究論文: [Chinese CLIP: Contrastive Vision-Language Pretraining in Chinese](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01335)
1. **[CLIP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/clip)** (OpenAI から) Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, Gretchen Krueger, Ilya Sutskever から公開された研究論文: [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00020)
1. **[CLIPSeg](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/clipseg)** (University of Göttingen から) Timo Lüddecke and Alexander Ecker から公開された研究論文: [Image Segmentation Using Text and Image Prompts](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10003)
1. **[CodeGen](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/codegen)** (Salesforce から) Erik Nijkamp, Bo Pang, Hiroaki Hayashi, Lifu Tu, Huan Wang, Yingbo Zhou, Silvio Savarese, Caiming Xiong から公開された研究論文: [A Conversational Paradigm for Program Synthesis](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13474)
1. **[Conditional DETR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/conditional_detr)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Depu Meng, Xiaokang Chen, Zejia Fan, Gang Zeng, Houqiang Li, Yuhui Yuan, Lei Sun, Jingdong Wang から公開された研究論文: [Conditional DETR for Fast Training Convergence](https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06152)
1. **[ConvBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/convbert)** (YituTech から) Zihang Jiang, Weihao Yu, Daquan Zhou, Yunpeng Chen, Jiashi Feng, Shuicheng Yan から公開された研究論文: [ConvBERT: Improving BERT with Span-based Dynamic Convolution](https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.02496)
1. **[ConvNeXT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/convnext)** (Facebook AI から) Zhuang Liu, Hanzi Mao, Chao-Yuan Wu, Christoph Feichtenhofer, Trevor Darrell, Saining Xie から公開された研究論文: [A ConvNet for the 2020s](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03545)
1. **[ConvNeXTV2](model_doc/convnextv2)** (from Facebook AI) released with the paper [ConvNeXt V2: Co-designing and Scaling ConvNets with Masked Autoencoders](https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00808) by Sanghyun Woo, Shoubhik Debnath, Ronghang Hu, Xinlei Chen, Zhuang Liu, In So Kweon, Saining Xie.
1. **[CPM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/cpm)** (Tsinghua University から) Zhengyan Zhang, Xu Han, Hao Zhou, Pei Ke, Yuxian Gu, Deming Ye, Yujia Qin, Yusheng Su, Haozhe Ji, Jian Guan, Fanchao Qi, Xiaozhi Wang, Yanan Zheng, Guoyang Zeng, Huanqi Cao, Shengqi Chen, Daixuan Li, Zhenbo Sun, Zhiyuan Liu, Minlie Huang, Wentao Han, Jie Tang, Juanzi Li, Xiaoyan Zhu, Maosong Sun から公開された研究論文: [CPM: A Large-scale Generative Chinese Pre-trained Language Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00413)
1. **[CTRL](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/ctrl)** (Salesforce から) Nitish Shirish Keskar*, Bryan McCann*, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong and Richard Socher から公開された研究論文: [CTRL: A Conditional Transformer Language Model for Controllable Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05858)
1. **[CvT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/cvt)** (Microsoft から) Haiping Wu, Bin Xiao, Noel Codella, Mengchen Liu, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan, Lei Zhang から公開された研究論文: [CvT: Introducing Convolutions to Vision Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.15808)
1. **[Data2Vec](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/data2vec)** (Facebook から) Alexei Baevski, Wei-Ning Hsu, Qiantong Xu, Arun Babu, Jiatao Gu, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [Data2Vec: A General Framework for Self-supervised Learning in Speech, Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.03555)
1. **[DeBERTa](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/deberta)** (Microsoft から) Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen から公開された研究論文: [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654)
1. **[DeBERTa-v2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/deberta-v2)** (Microsoft から) Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen から公開された研究論文: [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654)
1. **[Decision Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/decision_transformer)** (Berkeley/Facebook/Google から) Lili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee, Aditya Grover, Michael Laskin, Pieter Abbeel, Aravind Srinivas, Igor Mordatch から公開された研究論文: [Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.01345)
1. **[Deformable DETR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/deformable_detr)** (SenseTime Research から) Xizhou Zhu, Weijie Su, Lewei Lu, Bin Li, Xiaogang Wang, Jifeng Dai から公開された研究論文: [Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detection](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.04159)
1. **[DeiT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/deit)** (Facebook から) Hugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Matthijs Douze, Francisco Massa, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Hervé Jégou から公開された研究論文: [Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.12877)
1. **[DETR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/detr)** (Facebook から) Nicolas Carion, Francisco Massa, Gabriel Synnaeve, Nicolas Usunier, Alexander Kirillov, Sergey Zagoruyko から公開された研究論文: [End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12872)
1. **[DialoGPT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/dialogpt)** (Microsoft Research から) Yizhe Zhang, Siqi Sun, Michel Galley, Yen-Chun Chen, Chris Brockett, Xiang Gao, Jianfeng Gao, Jingjing Liu, Bill Dolan から公開された研究論文: [DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.00536)
1. **[DiNAT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/dinat)** (SHI Labs から) Ali Hassani and Humphrey Shi から公開された研究論文: [Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.15001)
1. **[DistilBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/distilbert)** (HuggingFace から), Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut and Thomas Wolf. 同じ手法で GPT2, RoBERTa と Multilingual BERT の圧縮を行いました.圧縮されたモデルはそれぞれ [DistilGPT2](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation)、[DistilRoBERTa](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation)、[DistilmBERT](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/research_projects/distillation) と名付けられました. 公開された研究論文: [DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108)
1. **[DiT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/dit)** (Microsoft Research から) Junlong Li, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [DiT: Self-supervised Pre-training for Document Image Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.02378)
1. **[Donut](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/donut)** (NAVER から), Geewook Kim, Teakgyu Hong, Moonbin Yim, Jeongyeon Nam, Jinyoung Park, Jinyeong Yim, Wonseok Hwang, Sangdoo Yun, Dongyoon Han, Seunghyun Park から公開された研究論文: [OCR-free Document Understanding Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.15664)
1. **[DPR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/dpr)** (Facebook から) Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Oğuz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih から公開された研究論文: [Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04906)
1. **[DPT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/master/model_doc/dpt)** (Intel Labs から) René Ranftl, Alexey Bochkovskiy, Vladlen Koltun から公開された研究論文: [Vision Transformers for Dense Prediction](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.13413)
1. **[EfficientNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/efficientnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11946) by Mingxing Tan and Quoc V. Le.
1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra)** (Google Research/Stanford University から) Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning から公開された研究論文: [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555)
1. **[EncoderDecoder](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (Google Research から) Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn から公開された研究論文: [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461)
1. **[ERNIE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/ernie)** (Baidu から) Yu Sun, Shuohuan Wang, Yukun Li, Shikun Feng, Xuyi Chen, Han Zhang, Xin Tian, Danxiang Zhu, Hao Tian, Hua Wu から公開された研究論文: [ERNIE: Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09223)
1. **[ESM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/esm)** (Meta AI から) はトランスフォーマープロテイン言語モデルです. **ESM-1b** は Alexander Rives, Joshua Meier, Tom Sercu, Siddharth Goyal, Zeming Lin, Jason Liu, Demi Guo, Myle Ott, C. Lawrence Zitnick, Jerry Ma, and Rob Fergus から公開された研究論文: [Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsupervised learning to 250 million protein sequences](https://www.pnas.org/content/118/15/e2016239118). **ESM-1v** は Joshua Meier, Roshan Rao, Robert Verkuil, Jason Liu, Tom Sercu and Alexander Rives から公開された研究論文: [Language models enable zero-shot prediction of the effects of mutations on protein function](https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.09.450648). **ESM-2** と **ESMFold** は Zeming Lin, Halil Akin, Roshan Rao, Brian Hie, Zhongkai Zhu, Wenting Lu, Allan dos Santos Costa, Maryam Fazel-Zarandi, Tom Sercu, Sal Candido, Alexander Rives から公開された研究論文: [Language models of protein sequences at the scale of evolution enable accurate structure prediction](https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.20.500902)
1. **[FLAN-T5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flan-t5)** (Google AI から) Hyung Won Chung, Le Hou, Shayne Longpre, Barret Zoph, Yi Tay, William Fedus, Eric Li, Xuezhi Wang, Mostafa Dehghani, Siddhartha Brahma, Albert Webson, Shixiang Shane Gu, Zhuyun Dai, Mirac Suzgun, Xinyun Chen, Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Gaurav Mishra, Adams Yu, Vincent Zhao, Yanping Huang, Andrew Dai, Hongkun Yu, Slav Petrov, Ed H. Chi, Jeff Dean, Jacob Devlin, Adam Roberts, Denny Zhou, Quoc V から公開されたレポジトリー [google-research/t5x](https://github.com/google-research/t5x/blob/main/docs/models.md#flan-t5-checkpoints) Le, and Jason Wei
1. **[FlauBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flaubert)** (CNRS から) Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab から公開された研究論文: [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372)
1. **[FLAVA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flava)** (Facebook AI から) Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela から公開された研究論文: [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482)
1. **[FNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/fnet)** (Google Research から) James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon から公開された研究論文: [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824)
1. **[Funnel Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/funnel)** (CMU/Google Brain から) Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le から公開された研究論文: [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236)
1. **[GIT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/git)** (Microsoft Research から) Jianfeng Wang, Zhengyuan Yang, Xiaowei Hu, Linjie Li, Kevin Lin, Zhe Gan, Zicheng Liu, Ce Liu, Lijuan Wang. から公開された研究論文 [GIT: A Generative Image-to-text Transformer for Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.14100)
1. **[GLPN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/glpn)** (KAIST から) Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim から公開された研究論文: [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436)
1. **[GPT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/openai-gpt)** (OpenAI から) Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans and Ilya Sutskever から公開された研究論文: [Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training](https://blog.openai.com/language-unsupervised/)
1. **[GPT Neo](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/gpt_neo)** (EleutherAI から) Sid Black, Stella Biderman, Leo Gao, Phil Wang and Connor Leahy から公開されたレポジトリー : [EleutherAI/gpt-neo](https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neo)
1. **[GPT NeoX](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/gpt_neox)** (EleutherAI から) Sid Black, Stella Biderman, Eric Hallahan, Quentin Anthony, Leo Gao, Laurence Golding, Horace He, Connor Leahy, Kyle McDonell, Jason Phang, Michael Pieler, USVSN Sai Prashanth, Shivanshu Purohit, Laria Reynolds, Jonathan Tow, Ben Wang, Samuel Weinbach から公開された研究論文: [GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.06745)
1. **[GPT NeoX Japanese](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/gpt_neox_japanese)** (ABEJA から) Shinya Otani, Takayoshi Makabe, Anuj Arora, and Kyo Hattori からリリース.
1. **[GPT-2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/gpt2)** (OpenAI から) Alec Radford*, Jeffrey Wu*, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei** and Ilya Sutskever** から公開された研究論文: [Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners](https://blog.openai.com/better-language-models/)
1. **[GPT-J](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/gptj)** (EleutherAI から) Ben Wang and Aran Komatsuzaki から公開されたレポジトリー [kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax](https://github.com/kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax/)
1. **[GPT-Sw3](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/gpt-sw3)** (AI-Sweden から) Ariel Ekgren, Amaru Cuba Gyllensten, Evangelia Gogoulou, Alice Heiman, Severine Verlinden, Joey Öhman, Fredrik Carlsson, Magnus Sahlgren から公開された研究論文: [Lessons Learned from GPT-SW3: Building the First Large-Scale Generative Language Model for Swedish](http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2022/pdf/2022.lrec-1.376.pdf)
1. **[GroupViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/groupvit)** (UCSD, NVIDIA から) Jiarui Xu, Shalini De Mello, Sifei Liu, Wonmin Byeon, Thomas Breuel, Jan Kautz, Xiaolong Wang から公開された研究論文: [GroupViT: Semantic Segmentation Emerges from Text Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.11094)
1. **[Hubert](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/hubert)** (Facebook から) Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed から公開された研究論文: [HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Units](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07447)
1. **[I-BERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/ibert)** (Berkeley から) Sehoon Kim, Amir Gholami, Zhewei Yao, Michael W. Mahoney, Kurt Keutzer から公開された研究論文: [I-BERT: Integer-only BERT Quantization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.01321)
1. **[ImageGPT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/imagegpt)** (OpenAI から) Mark Chen, Alec Radford, Rewon Child, Jeffrey Wu, Heewoo Jun, David Luan, Ilya Sutskever から公開された研究論文: [Generative Pretraining from Pixels](https://openai.com/blog/image-gpt/)
1. **[Jukebox](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/jukebox)** (OpenAI から) Prafulla Dhariwal, Heewoo Jun, Christine Payne, Jong Wook Kim, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever から公開された研究論文: [Jukebox: A Generative Model for Music](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.00341.pdf)
1. **[LayoutLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/layoutlm)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Yiheng Xu, Minghao Li, Lei Cui, Shaohan Huang, Furu Wei, Ming Zhou から公開された研究論文: [LayoutLM: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Document Image Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.13318)
1. **[LayoutLMv2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/layoutlmv2)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Yang Xu, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Furu Wei, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Wanxiang Che, Min Zhang, Lidong Zhou から公開された研究論文: [LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-Rich Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.14740)
1. **[LayoutLMv3](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/layoutlmv3)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Yupan Huang, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yutong Lu, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [LayoutLMv3: Pre-training for Document AI with Unified Text and Image Masking](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08387)
1. **[LayoutXLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/layoutxlm)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [LayoutXLM: Multimodal Pre-training for Multilingual Visually-rich Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.08836)
1. **[LED](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/led)** (AllenAI から) Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan から公開された研究論文: [Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05150)
1. **[LeViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/levit)** (Meta AI から) Ben Graham, Alaaeldin El-Nouby, Hugo Touvron, Pierre Stock, Armand Joulin, Hervé Jégou, Matthijs Douze から公開された研究論文: [LeViT: A Vision Transformer in ConvNet's Clothing for Faster Inference](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.01136)
1. **[LiLT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/lilt)** (South China University of Technology から) Jiapeng Wang, Lianwen Jin, Kai Ding から公開された研究論文: [LiLT: A Simple yet Effective Language-Independent Layout Transformer for Structured Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.13669)
1. **[Longformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/longformer)** (AllenAI から) Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan から公開された研究論文: [Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05150)
1. **[LongT5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/longt5)** (Google AI から) Mandy Guo, Joshua Ainslie, David Uthus, Santiago Ontanon, Jianmo Ni, Yun-Hsuan Sung, Yinfei Yang から公開された研究論文: [LongT5: Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for Long Sequences](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.07916)
1. **[LUKE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/luke)** (Studio Ousia から) Ikuya Yamada, Akari Asai, Hiroyuki Shindo, Hideaki Takeda, Yuji Matsumoto から公開された研究論文: [LUKE: Deep Contextualized Entity Representations with Entity-aware Self-attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01057)
1. **[LXMERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/lxmert)** (UNC Chapel Hill から) Hao Tan and Mohit Bansal から公開された研究論文: [LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformers for Open-Domain Question Answering](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.07490)
1. **[M-CTC-T](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mctct)** (Facebook から) Loren Lugosch, Tatiana Likhomanenko, Gabriel Synnaeve, and Ronan Collobert から公開された研究論文: [Pseudo-Labeling For Massively Multilingual Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00161)
1. **[M2M100](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/m2m_100)** (Facebook から) Angela Fan, Shruti Bhosale, Holger Schwenk, Zhiyi Ma, Ahmed El-Kishky, Siddharth Goyal, Mandeep Baines, Onur Celebi, Guillaume Wenzek, Vishrav Chaudhary, Naman Goyal, Tom Birch, Vitaliy Liptchinsky, Sergey Edunov, Edouard Grave, Michael Auli, Armand Joulin から公開された研究論文: [Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11125)
1. **[MarianMT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/marian)** Jörg Tiedemann から. [OPUS](http://opus.nlpl.eu/) を使いながら学習された "Machine translation" (マシントランスレーション) モデル. [Marian Framework](https://marian-nmt.github.io/) はMicrosoft Translator Team が現在開発中です.
1. **[MarkupLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/markuplm)** (Microsoft Research Asia から) Junlong Li, Yiheng Xu, Lei Cui, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [MarkupLM: Pre-training of Text and Markup Language for Visually-rich Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08518)
1. **[Mask2Former](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/mask2former)** (FAIR and UIUC から) Bowen Cheng, Ishan Misra, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov, Rohit Girdhar. から公開された研究論文 [Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.01527)
1. **[MaskFormer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/maskformer)** (Meta and UIUC から) Bowen Cheng, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov から公開された研究論文: [Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.06278)
1. **[mBART](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mbart)** (Facebook から) Yinhan Liu, Jiatao Gu, Naman Goyal, Xian Li, Sergey Edunov, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer から公開された研究論文: [Multilingual Denoising Pre-training for Neural Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.08210)
1. **[mBART-50](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mbart)** (Facebook から) Yuqing Tang, Chau Tran, Xian Li, Peng-Jen Chen, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Jiatao Gu, Angela Fan から公開された研究論文: [Multilingual Translation with Extensible Multilingual Pretraining and Finetuning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.00401)
1. **[Megatron-BERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/megatron-bert)** (NVIDIA から) Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro から公開された研究論文: [Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08053)
1. **[Megatron-GPT2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/megatron_gpt2)** (NVIDIA から) Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro から公開された研究論文: [Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08053)
1. **[mLUKE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mluke)** (Studio Ousia から) Ryokan Ri, Ikuya Yamada, and Yoshimasa Tsuruoka から公開された研究論文: [mLUKE: The Power of Entity Representations in Multilingual Pretrained Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08151)
1. **[MobileBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mobilebert)** (CMU/Google Brain から) Zhiqing Sun, Hongkun Yu, Xiaodan Song, Renjie Liu, Yiming Yang, and Denny Zhou から公開された研究論文: [MobileBERT: a Compact Task-Agnostic BERT for Resource-Limited Devices](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02984)
1. **[MobileNetV1](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mobilenet_v1)** (Google Inc. から) Andrew G. Howard, Menglong Zhu, Bo Chen, Dmitry Kalenichenko, Weijun Wang, Tobias Weyand, Marco Andreetto, Hartwig Adam から公開された研究論文: [MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications](https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.04861)
1. **[MobileNetV2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mobilenet_v2)** (Google Inc. から) Mark Sandler, Andrew Howard, Menglong Zhu, Andrey Zhmoginov, Liang-Chieh Chen から公開された研究論文: [MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04381)
1. **[MobileViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mobilevit)** (Apple から) Sachin Mehta and Mohammad Rastegari から公開された研究論文: [MobileViT: Light-weight, General-purpose, and Mobile-friendly Vision Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02178)
1. **[MPNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mpnet)** (Microsoft Research から) Kaitao Song, Xu Tan, Tao Qin, Jianfeng Lu, Tie-Yan Liu から公開された研究論文: [MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09297)
1. **[MT5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mt5)** (Google AI から) Linting Xue, Noah Constant, Adam Roberts, Mihir Kale, Rami Al-Rfou, Aditya Siddhant, Aditya Barua, Colin Raffel から公開された研究論文: [mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11934)
1. **[MVP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/mvp)** (RUC AI Box から) Tianyi Tang, Junyi Li, Wayne Xin Zhao and Ji-Rong Wen から公開された研究論文: [MVP: Multi-task Supervised Pre-training for Natural Language Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.12131)
1. **[NAT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/nat)** (SHI Labs から) Ali Hassani, Steven Walton, Jiachen Li, Shen Li, and Humphrey Shi から公開された研究論文: [Neighborhood Attention Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07143)
1. **[Nezha](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/nezha)** (Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab から) Junqiu Wei, Xiaozhe Ren, Xiaoguang Li, Wenyong Huang, Yi Liao, Yasheng Wang, Jiashu Lin, Xin Jiang, Xiao Chen and Qun Liu から公開された研究論文: [NEZHA: Neural Contextualized Representation for Chinese Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.00204)
1. **[NLLB](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/nllb)** (Meta から) the NLLB team から公開された研究論文: [No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04672)
1. **[Nyströmformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/nystromformer)** (the University of Wisconsin - Madison から) Yunyang Xiong, Zhanpeng Zeng, Rudrasis Chakraborty, Mingxing Tan, Glenn Fung, Yin Li, Vikas Singh から公開された研究論文: [Nyströmformer: A Nyström-Based Algorithm for Approximating Self-Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.03902)
1. **[OneFormer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/oneformer)** (SHI Labs から) Jitesh Jain, Jiachen Li, MangTik Chiu, Ali Hassani, Nikita Orlov, Humphrey Shi から公開された研究論文: [OneFormer: One Transformer to Rule Universal Image Segmentation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06220)
1. **[OPT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/master/model_doc/opt)** (Meta AI から) Susan Zhang, Stephen Roller, Naman Goyal, Mikel Artetxe, Moya Chen, Shuohui Chen et al から公開された研究論文: [OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.01068)
1. **[OWL-ViT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/owlvit)** (Google AI から) Matthias Minderer, Alexey Gritsenko, Austin Stone, Maxim Neumann, Dirk Weissenborn, Alexey Dosovitskiy, Aravindh Mahendran, Anurag Arnab, Mostafa Dehghani, Zhuoran Shen, Xiao Wang, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Kipf, and Neil Houlsby から公開された研究論文: [Simple Open-Vocabulary Object Detection with Vision Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.06230)
1. **[Pegasus](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/pegasus)** (Google から) Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh and Peter J. Liu から公開された研究論文: [PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.08777)
1. **[PEGASUS-X](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/pegasus_x)** (Google から) Jason Phang, Yao Zhao, and Peter J. Liu から公開された研究論文: [Investigating Efficiently Extending Transformers for Long Input Summarization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.04347)
1. **[Perceiver IO](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/perceiver)** (Deepmind から) Andrew Jaegle, Sebastian Borgeaud, Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Carl Doersch, Catalin Ionescu, David Ding, Skanda Koppula, Daniel Zoran, Andrew Brock, Evan Shelhamer, Olivier Hénaff, Matthew M. Botvinick, Andrew Zisserman, Oriol Vinyals, João Carreira から公開された研究論文: [Perceiver IO: A General Architecture for Structured Inputs & Outputs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.14795)
1. **[PhoBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/phobert)** (VinAI Research から) Dat Quoc Nguyen and Anh Tuan Nguyen から公開された研究論文: [PhoBERT: Pre-trained language models for Vietnamese](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.findings-emnlp.92/)
1. **[PLBart](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/plbart)** (UCLA NLP から) Wasi Uddin Ahmad, Saikat Chakraborty, Baishakhi Ray, Kai-Wei Chang から公開された研究論文: [Unified Pre-training for Program Understanding and Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06333)
1. **[PoolFormer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/poolformer)** (Sea AI Labs から) Yu, Weihao and Luo, Mi and Zhou, Pan and Si, Chenyang and Zhou, Yichen and Wang, Xinchao and Feng, Jiashi and Yan, Shuicheng から公開された研究論文: [MetaFormer is Actually What You Need for Vision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.11418)
1. **[ProphetNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/prophetnet)** (Microsoft Research から) Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang and Ming Zhou から公開された研究論文: [ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04063)
1. **[QDQBert](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/qdqbert)** (NVIDIA から) Hao Wu, Patrick Judd, Xiaojie Zhang, Mikhail Isaev and Paulius Micikevicius から公開された研究論文: [Integer Quantization for Deep Learning Inference: Principles and Empirical Evaluation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09602)
1. **[RAG](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/rag)** (Facebook から) Patrick Lewis, Ethan Perez, Aleksandara Piktus, Fabio Petroni, Vladimir Karpukhin, Naman Goyal, Heinrich Küttler, Mike Lewis, Wen-tau Yih, Tim Rocktäschel, Sebastian Riedel, Douwe Kiela から公開された研究論文: [Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11401)
1. **[REALM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/realm.html)** (Google Research から) Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat and Ming-Wei Chang から公開された研究論文: [REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08909)
1. **[Reformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/reformer)** (Google Research から) Nikita Kitaev, Łukasz Kaiser, Anselm Levskaya から公開された研究論文: [Reformer: The Efficient Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04451)
1. **[RegNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/regnet)** (META Platforms から) Ilija Radosavovic, Raj Prateek Kosaraju, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He, Piotr Dollár から公開された研究論文: [Designing Network Design Space](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13678)
1. **[RemBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/rembert)** (Google Research から) Hyung Won Chung, Thibault Févry, Henry Tsai, M. Johnson, Sebastian Ruder から公開された研究論文: [Rethinking embedding coupling in pre-trained language models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12821)
1. **[ResNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/resnet)** (Microsoft Research から) Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, Jian Sun から公開された研究論文: [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385)
1. **[RoBERTa](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/roberta)** (Facebook から), Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, Veselin Stoyanov から公開された研究論文: [RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11692)
1. **[RoBERTa-PreLayerNorm](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/roberta-prelayernorm)** (Facebook から) Myle Ott, Sergey Edunov, Alexei Baevski, Angela Fan, Sam Gross, Nathan Ng, David Grangier, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.01038)
1. **[RoCBert](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/roc_bert)** (WeChatAI から) HuiSu, WeiweiShi, XiaoyuShen, XiaoZhou, TuoJi, JiaruiFang, JieZhou から公開された研究論文: [RoCBert: Robust Chinese Bert with Multimodal Contrastive Pretraining](https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.65.pdf)
1. **[RoFormer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/roformer)** (ZhuiyiTechnology から), Jianlin Su and Yu Lu and Shengfeng Pan and Bo Wen and Yunfeng Liu から公開された研究論文: [RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09864)
1. **[SegFormer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/segformer)** (NVIDIA から) Enze Xie, Wenhai Wang, Zhiding Yu, Anima Anandkumar, Jose M. Alvarez, Ping Luo から公開された研究論文: [SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.15203)
1. **[SEW](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/sew)** (ASAPP から) Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi から公開された研究論文: [Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06870)
1. **[SEW-D](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/sew_d)** (ASAPP から) Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi から公開された研究論文: [Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06870)
1. **[SpeechToTextTransformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/speech_to_text)** (Facebook から), Changhan Wang, Yun Tang, Xutai Ma, Anne Wu, Dmytro Okhonko, Juan Pino から公開された研究論文: [fairseq S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with fairseq](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.05171)
1. **[SpeechToTextTransformer2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/speech_to_text_2)** (Facebook から), Changhan Wang, Anne Wu, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli, Alexis Conneau から公開された研究論文: [Large-Scale Self- and Semi-Supervised Learning for Speech Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.06678)
1. **[Splinter](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/splinter)** (Tel Aviv University から), Ori Ram, Yuval Kirstain, Jonathan Berant, Amir Globerson, Omer Levy から公開された研究論文: [Few-Shot Question Answering by Pretraining Span Selection](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.00438)
1. **[SqueezeBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/squeezebert)** (Berkeley から) Forrest N. Iandola, Albert E. Shaw, Ravi Krishna, and Kurt W. Keutzer から公開された研究論文: [SqueezeBERT: What can computer vision teach NLP about efficient neural networks?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11316)
1. **[Swin Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/swin)** (Microsoft から) Ze Liu, Yutong Lin, Yue Cao, Han Hu, Yixuan Wei, Zheng Zhang, Stephen Lin, Baining Guo から公開された研究論文: [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.14030)
1. **[Swin Transformer V2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/swinv2)** (Microsoft から) Ze Liu, Han Hu, Yutong Lin, Zhuliang Yao, Zhenda Xie, Yixuan Wei, Jia Ning, Yue Cao, Zheng Zhang, Li Dong, Furu Wei, Baining Guo から公開された研究論文: [Swin Transformer V2: Scaling Up Capacity and Resolution](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.09883)
1. **[Swin2SR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/swin2sr)** (University of Würzburg から) Marcos V. Conde, Ui-Jin Choi, Maxime Burchi, Radu Timofte から公開された研究論文: [Swin2SR: SwinV2 Transformer for Compressed Image Super-Resolution and Restoration](https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.11345)
1. **[SwitchTransformers](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/switch_transformers)** (Google から) William Fedus, Barret Zoph, Noam Shazeer から公開された研究論文: [Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsity](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03961)
1. **[T5](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/t5)** (Google AI から) Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu から公開された研究論文: [Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.10683)
1. **[T5v1.1](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/t5v1.1)** (Google AI から) Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu から公開されたレポジトリー [google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer](https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/main/released_checkpoints.md#t511)
1. **[Table Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/table-transformer)** (Microsoft Research から) Brandon Smock, Rohith Pesala, Robin Abraham から公開された研究論文: [PubTables-1M: Towards Comprehensive Table Extraction From Unstructured Documents](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.00061)
1. **[TAPAS](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/tapas)** (Google AI から) Jonathan Herzig, Paweł Krzysztof Nowak, Thomas Müller, Francesco Piccinno and Julian Martin Eisenschlos から公開された研究論文: [TAPAS: Weakly Supervised Table Parsing via Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02349)
1. **[TAPEX](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/tapex)** (Microsoft Research から) Qian Liu, Bei Chen, Jiaqi Guo, Morteza Ziyadi, Zeqi Lin, Weizhu Chen, Jian-Guang Lou から公開された研究論文: [TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executor](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.07653)
1. **[Time Series Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/time_series_transformer)** (HuggingFace から).
1. **[TimeSformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/timesformer)** (Facebook から) Gedas Bertasius, Heng Wang, Lorenzo Torresani から公開された研究論文: [Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05095)
1. **[Trajectory Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/trajectory_transformers)** (the University of California at Berkeley から) Michael Janner, Qiyang Li, Sergey Levine から公開された研究論文: [Offline Reinforcement Learning as One Big Sequence Modeling Problem](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.02039)
1. **[Transformer-XL](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/transfo-xl)** (Google/CMU から) Zihang Dai*, Zhilin Yang*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Quoc V. Le, Ruslan Salakhutdinov から公開された研究論文: [Transformer-XL: Attentive Language Models Beyond a Fixed-Length Context](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.02860)
1. **[TrOCR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/trocr)** (Microsoft から), Minghao Li, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Zhoujun Li, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.10282)
1. **[UL2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/ul2)** (Google Research から) Yi Tay, Mostafa Dehghani, Vinh Q から公開された研究論文: [Unifying Language Learning Paradigms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.05131v1) Tran, Xavier Garcia, Dara Bahri, Tal Schuster, Huaixiu Steven Zheng, Neil Houlsby, Donald Metzler
1. **[UniSpeech](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/unispeech)** (Microsoft Research から) Chengyi Wang, Yu Wu, Yao Qian, Kenichi Kumatani, Shujie Liu, Furu Wei, Michael Zeng, Xuedong Huang から公開された研究論文: [UniSpeech: Unified Speech Representation Learning with Labeled and Unlabeled Data](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.07597)
1. **[UniSpeechSat](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/unispeech-sat)** (Microsoft Research から) Sanyuan Chen, Yu Wu, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Zhuo Chen, Shujie Liu, Jian Wu, Yao Qian, Furu Wei, Jinyu Li, Xiangzhan Yu から公開された研究論文: [UNISPEECH-SAT: UNIVERSAL SPEECH REPRESENTATION LEARNING WITH SPEAKER AWARE PRE-TRAINING](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.05752)
1. **[UPerNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/upernet)** (Peking University から) Tete Xiao, Yingcheng Liu, Bolei Zhou, Yuning Jiang, Jian Sun. から公開された研究論文 [Unified Perceptual Parsing for Scene Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10221)
1. **[VAN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/van)** (Tsinghua University and Nankai University から) Meng-Hao Guo, Cheng-Ze Lu, Zheng-Ning Liu, Ming-Ming Cheng, Shi-Min Hu から公開された研究論文: [Visual Attention Network](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.09741)
1. **[VideoMAE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/videomae)** (Multimedia Computing Group, Nanjing University から) Zhan Tong, Yibing Song, Jue Wang, Limin Wang から公開された研究論文: [VideoMAE: Masked Autoencoders are Data-Efficient Learners for Self-Supervised Video Pre-Training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.12602)
1. **[ViLT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vilt)** (NAVER AI Lab/Kakao Enterprise/Kakao Brain から) Wonjae Kim, Bokyung Son, Ildoo Kim から公開された研究論文: [ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.03334)
1. **[Vision Transformer (ViT)](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vit)** (Google AI から) Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby から公開された研究論文: [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929)
1. **[VisualBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/visual_bert)** (UCLA NLP から) Liunian Harold Li, Mark Yatskar, Da Yin, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Kai-Wei Chang から公開された研究論文: [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.03557)
1. **[ViT Hybrid](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/vit_hybrid)** (Google AI から) Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby から公開された研究論文: [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929)
1. **[ViTMAE](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vit_mae)** (Meta AI から) Kaiming He, Xinlei Chen, Saining Xie, Yanghao Li, Piotr Dollár, Ross Girshick から公開された研究論文: [Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learners](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06377)
1. **[ViTMSN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vit_msn)** (Meta AI から) Mahmoud Assran, Mathilde Caron, Ishan Misra, Piotr Bojanowski, Florian Bordes, Pascal Vincent, Armand Joulin, Michael Rabbat, Nicolas Ballas から公開された研究論文: [Masked Siamese Networks for Label-Efficient Learning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07141)
1. **[Wav2Vec2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wav2vec2)** (Facebook AI から) Alexei Baevski, Henry Zhou, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11477)
1. **[Wav2Vec2-Conformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wav2vec2-conformer)** (Facebook AI から) Changhan Wang, Yun Tang, Xutai Ma, Anne Wu, Sravya Popuri, Dmytro Okhonko, Juan Pino から公開された研究論文: [FAIRSEQ S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with FAIRSEQ](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.05171)
1. **[Wav2Vec2Phoneme](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wav2vec2_phoneme)** (Facebook AI から) Qiantong Xu, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [Simple and Effective Zero-shot Cross-lingual Phoneme Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.11680)
1. **[WavLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/wavlm)** (Microsoft Research から) Sanyuan Chen, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Yu Wu, Shujie Liu, Zhuo Chen, Jinyu Li, Naoyuki Kanda, Takuya Yoshioka, Xiong Xiao, Jian Wu, Long Zhou, Shuo Ren, Yanmin Qian, Yao Qian, Jian Wu, Michael Zeng, Furu Wei から公開された研究論文: [WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13900)
1. **[Whisper](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/whisper)** (OpenAI から) Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Tao Xu, Greg Brockman, Christine McLeavey, Ilya Sutskever から公開された研究論文: [Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision](https://cdn.openai.com/papers/whisper.pdf)
1. **[X-CLIP](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xclip)** (Microsoft Research から) Bolin Ni, Houwen Peng, Minghao Chen, Songyang Zhang, Gaofeng Meng, Jianlong Fu, Shiming Xiang, Haibin Ling から公開された研究論文: [Expanding Language-Image Pretrained Models for General Video Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.02816)
1. **[XGLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xglm)** (From Facebook AI) Xi Victoria Lin, Todor Mihaylov, Mikel Artetxe, Tianlu Wang, Shuohui Chen, Daniel Simig, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Shruti Bhosale, Jingfei Du, Ramakanth Pasunuru, Sam Shleifer, Punit Singh Koura, Vishrav Chaudhary, Brian O'Horo, Jeff Wang, Luke Zettlemoyer, Zornitsa Kozareva, Mona Diab, Veselin Stoyanov, Xian Li から公開された研究論文: [Few-shot Learning with Multilingual Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10668)
1. **[XLM](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlm)** (Facebook から) Guillaume Lample and Alexis Conneau から公開された研究論文: [Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07291)
1. **[XLM-ProphetNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlm-prophetnet)** (Microsoft Research から) Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang and Ming Zhou から公開された研究論文: [ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training](https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04063)
1. **[XLM-RoBERTa](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlm-roberta)** (Facebook AI から), Alexis Conneau*, Kartikay Khandelwal*, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Guillaume Wenzek, Francisco Guzmán, Edouard Grave, Myle Ott, Luke Zettlemoyer and Veselin Stoyanov から公開された研究論文: [Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02116)
1. **[XLM-RoBERTa-XL](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlm-roberta-xl)** (Facebook AI から), Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Myle Ott, Giri Anantharaman, Alexis Conneau から公開された研究論文: [Larger-Scale Transformers for Multilingual Masked Language Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.00572)
1. **[XLNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlnet)** (Google/CMU から) Zhilin Yang*, Zihang Dai*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Quoc V. Le から公開された研究論文: [XLNet: Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08237)
1. **[XLS-R](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xls_r)** (Facebook AI から) Arun Babu, Changhan Wang, Andros Tjandra, Kushal Lakhotia, Qiantong Xu, Naman Goyal, Kritika Singh, Patrick von Platen, Yatharth Saraf, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Alexis Conneau, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [XLS-R: Self-supervised Cross-lingual Speech Representation Learning at Scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.09296)
1. **[XLSR-Wav2Vec2](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/xlsr_wav2vec2)** (Facebook AI から) Alexis Conneau, Alexei Baevski, Ronan Collobert, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli から公開された研究論文: [Unsupervised Cross-Lingual Representation Learning For Speech Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.13979)
1. **[YOLOS](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/yolos)** (Huazhong University of Science & Technology から) Yuxin Fang, Bencheng Liao, Xinggang Wang, Jiemin Fang, Jiyang Qi, Rui Wu, Jianwei Niu, Wenyu Liu から公開された研究論文: [You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detection](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.00666)
1. **[YOSO](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/yoso)** (the University of Wisconsin - Madison から) Zhanpeng Zeng, Yunyang Xiong, Sathya N. Ravi, Shailesh Acharya, Glenn Fung, Vikas Singh から公開された研究論文: [You Only Sample (Almost) Once: Linear Cost Self-Attention Via Bernoulli Sampling](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.09714)
### サポートされているフレームワーク
以下のテーブルはそれぞれのモデルでサポートされているライブラリを示しています。"slow"と呼ばれるPythonトークナイザー、🤗 Tokenizers ライブラリによる"fast"トークナイザー、PyTorch, TensorFlow, Flaxの5つのそれぞれがサポートされているかを示しています。
<!--This table is updated automatically from the auto modules with _make fix-copies_. Do not update manually!-->
| Model | Tokenizer slow | Tokenizer fast | PyTorch support | TensorFlow support | Flax Support |
|:-----------------------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|:---------------:|:------------------:|:------------:|
| ALBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| AltCLIP | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Audio Spectrogram Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BART | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BEiT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| BERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Bert Generation | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BigBird | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| BigBird-Pegasus | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BioGpt | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BiT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Blenderbot | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BlenderbotSmall | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| BLIP | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| BLOOM | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| CamemBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| CANINE | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Chinese-CLIP | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| CLIP | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| CLIPSeg | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| CodeGen | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Conditional DETR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ConvBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| ConvNeXT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| CTRL | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| CvT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Data2VecAudio | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Data2VecText | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Data2VecVision | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DeBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DeBERTa-v2 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Decision Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Deformable DETR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DeiT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DETR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DiNAT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DistilBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| DonutSwin | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| DPR | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| DPT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ELECTRA | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| ERNIE | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ESM | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| FairSeq Machine-Translation | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| FlauBERT | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| FLAVA | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| FNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Funnel Transformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| GIT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| GLPN | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| GPT Neo | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| GPT NeoX | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| GPT NeoX Japanese | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| GPT-J | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| GPT-Sw3 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| GroupViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Hubert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| I-BERT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ImageGPT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Jukebox | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LayoutLM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LayoutLMv2 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LayoutLMv3 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LED | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LeViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LiLT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Longformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| LongT5 | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| LUKE | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| LXMERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| M-CTC-T | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| M2M100 | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Marian | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| MarkupLM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Mask2Former | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MaskFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MaskFormerSwin | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| mBART | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Megatron-BERT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MobileBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| MobileNetV1 | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MobileNetV2 | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| MobileViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| MPNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| MT5 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| MVP | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| NAT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Nezha | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Nyströmformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| OpenAI GPT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| OpenAI GPT-2 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| OPT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| OWL-ViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Pegasus | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| PEGASUS-X | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Perceiver | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| PLBart | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| PoolFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ProphetNet | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| QDQBert | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RAG | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| REALM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Reformer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RegNet | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RemBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| ResNet | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RetriBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RoBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RoBERTa-PreLayerNorm | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| RoCBert | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| RoFormer | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| SegFormer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| SEW | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SEW-D | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Speech Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| Speech2Text | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Speech2Text2 | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Splinter | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SqueezeBERT | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Swin Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Swin Transformer V2 | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Swin2SR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| SwitchTransformers | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| T5 | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Table Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| TAPAS | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| Time Series Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| TimeSformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Trajectory Transformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Transformer-XL | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| TrOCR | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| UniSpeech | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| UniSpeechSat | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| UPerNet | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| VAN | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| VideoMAE | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ViLT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Vision Encoder decoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| VisionTextDualEncoder | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
| VisualBERT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ViT | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| ViT Hybrid | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| ViTMAE | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| ViTMSN | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Wav2Vec2 | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Wav2Vec2-Conformer | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| WavLM | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Whisper | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| X-CLIP | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XGLM | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| XLM | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| XLM-ProphetNet | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XLM-RoBERTa | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| XLM-RoBERTa-XL | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| XLNet | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
| YOLOS | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| YOSO | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
<!-- End table--> | 0 |
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# インストール
使用しているDeep Learningライブラリに対して、🤗 Transformersをインストールしてキャッシュを設定、そしてオプションでオフラインで実行できるように 🤗 Transformersを設定します。
🤗 TransformersはPython 3.6+, PyTorch 1.1.0+, TensorFlow 2.0+, Flaxで動作確認しています。 使用しているDeep Learningライブラリに合わせて、以下のインストール方法に従ってください:
* [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/)のインストール手順。
* [TensorFlow 2.0](https://www.tensorflow.org/install/pip)のインストール手順。
* [Flax](https://flax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)のインストール手順。
## pipでのインストール
🤗 Transformersを[仮想環境](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html)にインストールする必要があります。 もし、Pythonの仮想環境に馴染みがない場合は、この[ガイド](https://packaging.python.org/guides/installing-using-pip-and-virtual-environments/)をご覧ください。仮想環境によって異なるプロジェクトの管理がより簡単になり、依存関係間の互換性の問題を回避できます。
まず、プロジェクトディレクトリに仮想環境を作成することから始めましょう:
```bash
python -m venv .env
```
仮想環境を起動しましょう。LinuxとMacOsの場合は以下のコマンドで起動します:
```bash
source .env/bin/activate
```
Windowsで仮想環境を起動します
```bash
.env/Scripts/activate
```
これで、次のコマンドで🤗 Transformersをインストールする準備が整いました:
```bash
pip install transformers
```
CPU対応のみ必要な場合、🤗 TransformersとDeep Learningライブラリを1行でインストールできるようになっていて便利です。例えば、🤗 TransformersとPyTorchを以下のように一緒にインストールできます:
```bash
pip install transformers[torch]
```
🤗 TransformersとTensorFlow 2.0:
```bash
pip install transformers[tf-cpu]
```
🤗 TransformersとFlax:
```bash
pip install transformers[flax]
```
最後に、以下のコマンドを実行することで🤗 Transformersが正しくインストールされているかを確認します。学習済みモデルがダウンロードされます:
```bash
python -c "from transformers import pipeline; print(pipeline('sentiment-analysis')('we love you'))"
```
その後、ラベルとスコアが出力されます:
```bash
[{'label': 'POSITIVE', 'score': 0.9998704791069031}]
```
## ソースからのインストール
以下のコマンドでソースから🤗 Transformersをインストールします:
```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
```
このコマンドは最新の安定版ではなく、開発における最新の`main`バージョンをインストールします。`main`バージョンは最新の開発状況に対応するのに便利です。例えば、最後の公式リリース以降にバグが修正されたが、新しいリリースがまだ展開されていない場合などです。しかし、これは`main`バージョンが常に安定しているとは限らないことを意味します。私たちは`main`バージョンの運用を維持するよう努め、ほとんどの問題は通常、数時間から1日以内に解決されます。もし問題に遭遇した場合は、より早く修正できるように[Issue](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/issues)を作成してください！
以下のコマンドを実行して、🤗 Transformersが正しくインストールされているかどうかを確認します:
```bash
python -c "from transformers import pipeline; print(pipeline('sentiment-analysis')('I love you'))"
```
## 編集可能なインストール
必要に応じて、編集可能なインストールをします:
* ソースコードの`main`バージョンを使います。
* 🤗 Transformersにコントリビュートし、コードの変更をテストする必要があります。
以下のコマンドでレポジトリをクローンして、🤗 Transformersをインストールします:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git
cd transformers
pip install -e .
```
上記のコマンドは、レポジトリをクローンしたフォルダとPythonのライブラリをパスをリンクします。Pythonは通常のライブラリパスに加えて、あなたがクローンしたフォルダの中も見るようになります。例えば、Pythonパッケージが通常、`~/anaconda3/envs/main/lib/python3.7/site-packages/`にインストールされている場合、Pythonはクローンしたフォルダも検索するようになります: `~/transformers/`.
<Tip warning={true}>
ライブラリーを使い続けたい場合は、transformersフォルダーを保持しつづける必要があります。
</Tip>
これで、次のコマンドで簡単にクローンを🤗 Transformersの最新版に更新できます:
```bash
cd ~/transformers/
git pull
```
Python環境は次回の実行時に🤗 Transformersの`main`バージョンを見つけるようになります。
## condaでのインストール
`huggingface`のcondaチャンネルからインストールします:
```bash
conda install -c huggingface transformers
```
## キャッシュの設定
学習済みモデルはダウンロードされ、ローカルにキャッシュされます: `~/.cache/huggingface/hub`. これはシェル環境変数`TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`で指定されるデフォルトのディレクトリです。Windowsでは、デフォルトのディレクトリは`C:\Users\username\.cache\huggingface\hub`になっています。異なるキャッシュディレクトリを指定するために、以下のシェル環境変数を変更することが可能です。優先度は以下の順番に対応します:
1. シェル環境変数 (デフォルト): `HUGGINGFACE_HUB_CACHE` または `TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`.
2. シェル環境変数: `HF_HOME`.
3. シェル環境変数: `XDG_CACHE_HOME` + `/huggingface`.
<Tip>
もし、以前のバージョンのライブラリを使用していた人で、`PYTORCH_TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`または`PYTORCH_PRETRAINED_BERT_CACHE`を設定していた場合、シェル環境変数`TRANSFORMERS_CACHE`を指定しない限り🤗 Transformersはこれらのシェル環境変数を使用します。
</Tip>
## オフラインモード
🤗 Transformersはローカルファイルのみを使用することでファイアウォールやオフラインの環境でも動作させることができます。この動作を有効にするためには、環境変数`TRANSFORMERS_OFFLINE=1`を設定します。
<Tip>
環境変数`HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE=1`を設定し、オフライントレーニングワークフローに[🤗 Datasets](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/)を追加します。
</Tip>
例えば、外部インスタンスに対してファイアウォールで保護された通常のネットワーク上でプログラムを実行する場合、通常以下のようなコマンドで実行することになります:
```bash
python examples/pytorch/translation/run_translation.py --model_name_or_path t5-small --dataset_name wmt16 --dataset_config ro-en ...
```
オフラインインスタンスでこの同じプログラムを実行します:
```bash
HF_DATASETS_OFFLINE=1 TRANSFORMERS_OFFLINE=1 \
python examples/pytorch/translation/run_translation.py --model_name_or_path t5-small --dataset_name wmt16 --dataset_config ro-en ...
```
このスクリプトは、ローカルファイルのみを検索することが分かっているので、ハングアップしたりタイムアウトを待ったりすることなく実行されるはずです。
### オフラインで使用するためにモデルやトークナイザーを取得する
オフラインで🤗 Transformersを使用するもう1つの方法は、前もってファイルをダウンロードしておき、オフラインで使用する必要があるときにそのローカルパスを指定することです。これには3つの方法があります:
* [Model Hub](https://huggingface.co/models)のユーザーインターフェース上から↓アイコンをクリックしてファイルをダウンロードする方法。
* [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]および[`PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]のワークフローを使用する方法:
1. [`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]で前もってファイルをダウンロードします:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bigscience/T0_3B")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("bigscience/T0_3B")
```
2. [`PreTrainedModel.save_pretrained`]で指定されたディレクトリにファイルを保存しておきます:
```py
>>> tokenizer.save_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
>>> model.save_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
3. オフラインにある時、[`PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`]に指定したディレクトリからファイルをリロードします:
```py
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
>>> model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
* プログラム的に[huggingface_hub](https://github.com/huggingface/huggingface_hub/tree/main/src/huggingface_hub)ライブラリを用いて、ファイルをダウンロードする方法:
1. 仮想環境に`huggingface_hub`ライブラリをインストールします:
```bash
python -m pip install huggingface_hub
```
2. 指定のパスにファイルをダウンロードするために、[`hf_hub_download`](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/adding-a-library#download-files-from-the-hub)関数を使用します。例えば、以下のコマンドで、[T0](https://huggingface.co/bigscience/T0_3B)モデルの`config.json`ファイルを指定のパスにダウンロードできます:
```py
>>> from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
>>> hf_hub_download(repo_id="bigscience/T0_3B", filename="config.json", cache_dir="./your/path/bigscience_t0")
```
ファイルがダウンロードされ、ローカルにキャッシュされたら、そのローカルパスを指定してファイルをロードして使用します:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoConfig
>>> config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("./your/path/bigscience_t0/config.json")
```
<Tip>
Hubに保存されているファイルをダウンロードする方法の詳細については、[How to download files from the Hub](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/how-to-downstream)セクションを参照してください。
</Tip> | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/ja/_toctree.yml | - sections:
- local: index
title: 🤗 Transformers
- local: installation
title: インストール
title: はじめに
- sections:
- local: accelerate
title: 🤗 Accelerate を用いた分散学習
title: チュートリアル
- sections:
- sections:
- local: multilingual
title: 推論のための多言語モデル | 0 |
hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source | hf_public_repos/transformers/docs/source/ja/multilingual.md | <!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
⚠️ Note that this file is in Markdown but contain specific syntax for our doc-builder (similar to MDX) that may not be
rendered properly in your Markdown viewer.
-->
# 推論のための多言語モデル
[[open-in-colab]]
🤗 Transformers にはいくつかの多言語モデルがあり、それらの推論の使用方法は単一言語モデルとは異なります。ただし、多言語モデルの使用方法がすべて異なるわけではありません。 [bert-base-multilingual-uncased](https://huggingface.co/bert-base-multilingual-uncased) などの一部のモデルは、単一言語モデルと同様に使用できます。 このガイドでは、推論のために使用方法が異なる多言語モデルをどのように使うかを示します。
## XLM
XLM には10の異なるチェックポイントがあり、そのうちの1つだけが単一言語です。 残りの9つのモデルチェックポイントは、言語埋め込みを使用するチェックポイントと使用しないチェックポイントの2つのカテゴリに分けることができます。
### 言語の埋め込みがある XLM
次の XLM モデルは、言語の埋め込みを使用して、推論で使用される言語を指定します。
- `xlm-mlm-ende-1024` (マスク化された言語モデリング、英語-ドイツ語)
- `xlm-mlm-enfr-1024` (マスク化された言語モデリング、英語-フランス語)
- `xlm-mlm-enro-1024` (マスク化された言語モデリング、英語-ルーマニア語)
- `xlm-mlm-xnli15-1024` (マスク化された言語モデリング、XNLI 言語)
- `xlm-mlm-tlm-xnli15-1024` (マスク化された言語モデリング + 翻訳 + XNLI 言語)
- `xlm-clm-enfr-1024` (因果言語モデリング、英語-フランス語)
- `xlm-clm-ende-1024` (因果言語モデリング、英語-ドイツ語)
言語の埋め込みは、モデルに渡される `input_ids` と同じ形状のテンソルとして表されます。 これらのテンソルの値は、使用される言語に依存し、トークナイザーの `lang2id` および `id2lang` 属性によって識別されます。
この例では、`xlm-clm-enfr-1024` チェックポイントをロードします (因果言語モデリング、英語-フランス語)。
```py
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import XLMTokenizer, XLMWithLMHeadModel
>>> tokenizer = XLMTokenizer.from_pretrained("xlm-clm-enfr-1024")
>>> model = XLMWithLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("xlm-clm-enfr-1024")
```
トークナイザーの `lang2id` 属性は、このモデルの言語とその ID を表示します。
```py
>>> print(tokenizer.lang2id)
{'en': 0, 'fr': 1}
```
次に、入力例を作成します。
```py
>>> input_ids = torch.tensor([tokenizer.encode("Wikipedia was used to")]) # batch size of 1
```
言語 ID を `en` に設定し、それを使用して言語の埋め込みを定義します。 言語の埋め込みは、英語の言語 ID であるため、`0` で埋められたテンソルです。 このテンソルは `input_ids` と同じサイズにする必要があります。
```py
>>> language_id = tokenizer.lang2id["en"] # 0
>>> langs = torch.tensor([language_id] * input_ids.shape[1]) # torch.tensor([0, 0, 0, ..., 0])
>>> # We reshape it to be of size (batch_size, sequence_length)
>>> langs = langs.view(1, -1) # is now of shape [1, sequence_length] (we have a batch size of 1)
```
これで、`input_ids` と言語の埋め込みをモデルに渡すことができます。
```py
>>> outputs = model(input_ids, langs=langs)
```
[run_generation.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/text-generation/run_generation.py) スクリプトは、`xlm-clm` チェックポイントを使用して、言語が埋め込まれたテキストを生成できます。
### 言語の埋め込みがないXLM
次の XLM モデルは、推論中に言語の埋め込みを必要としません。
- `xlm-mlm-17-1280` (マスク化された言語モデリング、17の言語)
- `xlm-mlm-100-1280` (マスク化された言語モデリング、100の言語)
これらのモデルは、以前の XLM チェックポイントとは異なり、一般的な文の表現に使用されます。
## BERT
以下の BERT モデルは、多言語タスクに使用できます。
- `bert-base-multilingual-uncased` (マスク化された言語モデリング + 次の文の予測、102の言語)
- `bert-base-multilingual-cased` (マスク化された言語モデリング + 次の文の予測、104の言語)
これらのモデルは、推論中に言語の埋め込みを必要としません。 文脈から言語を識別し、それに応じて推測する必要があります。
## XLM-RoBERTa
次の XLM-RoBERTa モデルは、多言語タスクに使用できます。
- `xlm-roberta-base` (マスク化された言語モデリング、100の言語)
- `xlm-roberta-large` (マスク化された言語モデリング、100の言語)
XLM-RoBERTa は、100の言語で新しく作成およびクリーニングされた2.5 TB の CommonCrawl データでトレーニングされました。 これは、分類、シーケンスのラベル付け、質問応答などのダウンストリームタスクで、mBERT や XLM などの以前にリリースされた多言語モデルを大幅に改善します。
## M2M100
次の M2M100 モデルは、多言語翻訳に使用できます。
- `facebook/m2m100_418M` (翻訳)
- `facebook/m2m100_1.2B` (翻訳)
この例では、`facebook/m2m100_418M` チェックポイントをロードして、中国語から英語に翻訳します。 トークナイザーでソース言語を設定できます。
```py
>>> from transformers import M2M100ForConditionalGeneration, M2M100Tokenizer
>>> en_text = "Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger."
>>> chinese_text = "不要插手巫師的事務, 因為他們是微妙的, 很快就會發怒."
>>> tokenizer = M2M100Tokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/m2m100_418M", src_lang="zh")
>>> model = M2M100ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("facebook/m2m100_418M")
```
テキストをトークン化します。
```py
>>> encoded_zh = tokenizer(chinese_text, return_tensors="pt")
```
M2M100 は、最初に生成されたトークンとしてターゲット言語 ID を強制的にターゲット言語に翻訳します。 英語に翻訳するには、`generate` メソッドで `forced_bos_token_id` を `en` に設定します。
```py
>>> generated_tokens = model.generate(**encoded_zh, forced_bos_token_id=tokenizer.get_lang_id("en"))
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_tokens, skip_special_tokens=True)
'Do not interfere with the matters of the witches, because they are delicate and will soon be angry.'
```
## MBart
多言語翻訳には、次の MBart モデルを使用できます。
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-one-to-many-mmt` (One-to-many multilingual machine translation, 50 languages)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt` (Many-to-many multilingual machine translation, 50 languages)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-one-mmt` (Many-to-one multilingual machine translation, 50 languages)
- `facebook/mbart-large-50` (Multilingual translation, 50 languages)
- `facebook/mbart-large-cc25`
この例では、`facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt` チェックポイントをロードして、フィンランド語を英語に翻訳します。トークナイザーでソース言語を設定できます。
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM
>>> en_text = "Do not meddle in the affairs of wizards, for they are subtle and quick to anger."
>>> fi_text = "Älä sekaannu velhojen asioihin, sillä ne ovat hienovaraisia ja nopeasti vihaisia."
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt", src_lang="fi_FI")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt")
```
テキストをトークン化します。
```py
>>> encoded_en = tokenizer(en_text, return_tensors="pt")
```
MBart は、最初に生成されたトークンとしてターゲット言語 ID を強制的にターゲット言語に翻訳します。 英語に翻訳するには、`generate` メソッドで `forced_bos_token_id` を `en` に設定します。
```py
>>> generated_tokens = model.generate(**encoded_en, forced_bos_token_id=tokenizer.lang_code_to_id("en_XX"))
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_tokens, skip_special_tokens=True)
"Don't interfere with the wizard's affairs, because they are subtle, will soon get angry."
```
`facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-one-mmt` チェックポイントを使用している場合、最初に生成されたトークンとしてターゲット言語 ID を強制する必要はありません。それ以外の場合、使用方法は同じです。 | 0 |
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