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There is no conclusive evidence that stimulants have beneficial effects on major associated outcome parameters, particularly school performance. We assessed the differences in school performance among children using methylphenidate at the end of primary school in relation to various parameters of methylphenidate use. We linked children from a pharmacy prescription database with standardized achievement test results at the end of primary school. We explored differences in test scores between current methylphenidate users versus never users and methylphenidate users who stopped treatment at least 6 months before the test, early versus late starters, different dosage of methylphenidate, and concurrent antipsychotic or asthma treatment. Out of the 7736 children, 377 (4.9%) children were treated with methylphenidate at the time of the test. After adjusting for confounders the methylphenidate users (532.58 ± .48) performed significantly lower on the test than never users (534.72 ± .11). Compared with late starters of methylphenidate treatment (536.94 ± 1.51) we found significantly lower test scores for the early starters (532.33 ± .50). Our study indicates that children using methylphenidate still perform less at school compared to their peers. Our study also suggests that earlier start of methylphenidate treatment is associated with a lower school performance compared to children starting later with the treatment. This result could either indicate a limited effect of long term treatment or a more strongly affected group of early starters.
This study does not have any cohorts or clinical trial
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
Kabul , Afghanistan ( CNN ) -- Afghan elders will decide whether any U.S. military who stay in the country after 2014 will be granted immunity from prosecution , President Hamid Karzai told reporters Monday in his palace . `` The issue of granting immunity to American soldiers is not a decision that could be made by Afghan government . This is a decision that the Afghan people can make , '' he said . `` This is a decision that should be made by the Afghan people in a Loya Jirga : whether they are granting immunity to them or not ; if yes , how and under what conditions . '' A Loya Jirga is a gathering of elders and peoples ' representatives . Karzai was referring to a comment made last week during his meeting in Washington with U.S. President Barack Obama , who told him that the continued presence of any U.S. troops in Afghanistan after the planned withdrawal of NATO forces in 2014 would depend on their being granted immunity from prosecution by Afghan courts . `` The United States already has arrangements like this with countries all around the world , and nowhere does the U.S. have any kind of security agreement with a country without immunity for our troops , '' Obama said . But there is little doubt about what decision the Loya Jirga will reach , Karzai said Sunday in an interview with CNN 's Christiane Amanpour . `` I can tell you with relatively good confidence that they will say , 'All right , let 's do it , ' '' Karzai predicted . `` I could argue for it , I could sell it , and I 'm sure they would understand . Loya Jirga is always reasonable . '' Karzai said there was little chance the United States would remove all of its troops from Afghanistan after the pullout is completed at the end of 2014 . `` The United States will continue to have the use of facilities in Afghanistan and , in order to run those facilities well for the purposes of continuing to fight al Qaeda and train and equip Afghan forces , the United States will need to have a limited number of forces in Afghanistan . '' How many will remain is a decision that rests with U.S. officials , he said . But he predicted that domestic forces would prove capable of handling the responsibility . `` We have to provide for our own security ; we have to provide for our own bread and butter , and I 'm sure we are able and the Afghan people are willing overwhelmingly to do that . '' Already , he said , stability has improved in areas vacated by departing international forces . Karzai also said that Afghanistan has turned the corner in terms of battling the Taliban . He predicted Islamic fundamentalists will not regain the strength to enforce their radical agenda , which has included the closing of girls ' schools and the subjugation of women . `` I think there is now a critical mass in Afghanistan of the educated , of the Afghan people who want a future of progress and stability . And I think , also , that the Taliban have recognized that the corner has been turned . '' CNN 's Samuel Burke contributed to this report .
The Loya Jirga , a gathering of elders , will decide on immunity , Afghan President Karzai says . Karzai says he thinks the Loya Jirga `` is always reasonable '' and will grant immunity . Karzai says he is confident that Afghan troops can provide security after NATO leaves .
1entailed
doc-nli
On Wednesday, in Chahar Darreh, Kondoz, Afghanistan, assailants attacked a former Taliban commander, who joined the government two days prior. The commander, one of his bodyguards and two Taliban militants were injured in the crossfire, also another two bodyguards were kidnapped. The status of the hostages remains unknown. The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack.
This text describes an assassination
1entailed
Pol_NLI
What type of clothing is frequently the product of sweatshops?
While most examples of such conditions are found in developing countries, clothes made in industrialized nations may also be manufactured similarly, often staffed by undocumented immigrants.[citation needed]
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Chelsea missed the blinch for its gauble.
Nothing touched anything else .
1entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
Joseph Manogue at Tiger called me last night to say he had finally reviewed the draft ISDA doc with all agreed changes put in and lined from original .
The reviewing happened
1entailed
recast/recast_factuality
A news report on Bloomberg says Russia is the largest economy still outside the WTO .
Russia is a location
1entailed
recast/recast_ner
Your Contribution Makes a Difference! Get the latest progressive news and updates on how you can get involved! Contact Us | Privacy Policy | Copyright & Disclaimer | RSS Other PFAW.org sites: Young People For | Young Elected Officials | Right Wing Watch Visit us on: Facebook | Change.org | Twitter | YouTube | Flickr
This text is about: social media
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Erin is big. Erin is round. Erin is white. If someone is white and blue then they are kind. If Erin is blue then Erin is rough. If someone is white and round then they are blue.
Erin is not blue.
0not-entailed
ruletaker
(((u&u)|(u>u))&((u|u)|u))
(((~(u)|u)|u)&(u&u))
1entailed
logical-entailment
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease has a chronic course, and often requires long-term treatment. Proton pump inhibitors are the treatment of choice for both acute and maintenance treatment, but little is known from randomized controlled trials of their effects beyond 1 year. To compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of rabeprazole with 20 mg omeprazole in the maintenance treatment of erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease over 5 years. Two hundred and forty-three patients who had previously responded to acute treatment for erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were prospectively randomized to receive 5 years of treatment with rabeprazole (10 or 20 mg daily) or omeprazole (20 mg daily). The primary outcome measure was endoscopically confirmed relapse of erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. One hundred and twenty-three patients (51%) completed all 5 years of the study, with similar completion rates in the three groups. Relapses occurred in nine of 78 (11.5%), eight of 82 (9.8%) and 11 of 83 (13.3%) patients in the rabeprazole 20 mg, rabeprazole 10 mg and omeprazole 20 mg groups, respectively. Gastric biopsy showed no evidence of any harmful effects. All treatments were well tolerated. Rabeprazole 10 mg, rabeprazole 20 mg and omeprazole 20 mg all had similar efficacy in the maintenance treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. All three were safe and well tolerated during 5 years of treatment.
This study does not have any quantitative outcomes
1entailed
biosift-nli
How to take action to fight human trafficking<br>Understand the different forms of human trafficking. Human trafficking generally takes on one of two forms. In any form of trafficking, however, traffickers take individuals against their will and use the individuals for various illicit reasons.
There are only two ways trafficking can occur
0not-entailed
doc-nli
My dad is also a Caucasian Jew/Mountain jew , and he won't identify as Azeri. They left in the '90s but he told me that they were always considered just Jews as their nationality by other people and themselves. In the Caucasus, they lived close together. Even here in New York, they were able to form a community. Marriages usually also stayed within the community, however, overtime some married other groups. But yes, it's mostly because of the religion and how others even viewed them. When you ask them what they are, they will say Caucasian Jews and come from Azerbaijan.
This text is defending people for their religion.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
How much did Comcast pay for 49% of NBCUniversal in 2013?
After that deal, GE owned 80% of NBC Universal; Vivendi held the remaining 20%, with an option to sell its share in 2006.
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Justin tickled Jacob yenty.
Someone did not change their thoughts, feelings, or beliefs .
1entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
Rumor also had it some renegade biologist brought a caged pair to Yellowstone and released them into the wild sometime in the 1970s , hoping to reestablish a breeding population .
The caging did not happen
0not-entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Doctors say they are monitoring Mr. Sharon 's condition and that it is too early to discuss his brain function .
Mr. is a person 's title
1entailed
recast/recast_ner
I want one of the virtual cards!
This banking customer example message is about a wrong exchange rate for a cash withdrawal.
0not-entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is red. Anne is young. Dave is blue. Dave is not red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Fiona is big. Fiona is red. Fiona is rough. Harry is blue. Harry is not rough. Harry is white. Harry is young. If someone is blue and not rough then they are white. If someone is rough and young then they are blue.
Dave is round.
1entailed
ruletaker
~(f)
(~(~((f>((a>f)|a))))>p)
0not-entailed
logical-entailment
We examined the acute performance and sedative effects of single high and low doses of alprazolam and lorazepam, both before and after chronic, 3-week b.i.d. treatment in elderly adults. The effects of chronic treatment also were examined in this parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Initial acute low doses significantly impaired total recall and increased intrusion errors. High doses also impaired delayed recall and critical flicker fusion threshold (CFF). Only chronic treatment with high-dose alprazolam increased intrusions and self-rated sedation. Single-dose rechallenge after chronic treatment was associated with significantly less impairment than the initial challenge in memory tasks but not in the discriminant reaction time (DRAT) task. For most memory measures, the development of tolerance was only partial; rechallenge still produced significant deficits in relation to placebo. The development of tolerance was task-specific and depended on drug type and dosage. Despite impairments in various memory functions, CFF, and DRAT, volunteers did not report significant drug-induced changes in sedation.
This study does not have human subjects
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
I served on the Small Business Committee for a long time. I was chairman of it once. Now I'm the senior Democrat on it. We used to -- you know, we have a goal there for minority set-aside programs, to try to encourage ownership in the country. They don't reach those goals. They don't even fight to reach those goals. They've tried to undo them.
The Small Business Committee has a chairman that serves for two year terms.
0not-entailed
doc-nli
at the entrance of Shadaw town (Shadow township, Loikaw district, Kayah state), a combined force of the Karenni Army, the KNDF and the Loikaw PDF attacked two military camps surrounding a tactical base of the Myanmar military (LIB-482) for the second day. Casualties unknown.
This text is about mob violence.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
What institution was being criticized during the time of Charles and Diana's breakup?
In the years to follow, public revelations on the state of Charles and Diana's marriage continued.
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Daniel forgoed to them the abine.
Someone or something changed physically .
0not-entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
I do know they have already announced a new wii though and I do n't know what Sony has said about playstation but again , if you get an Xbox ( which I personally think is the best anyways ) you should be set for a while .
The saying did not happen
0not-entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Vatican officials say the 84-year-old pontiff may participate in the Way of the Cross procession at the Colosseum through a video link depending on his health .
Colosseum is an organization
1entailed
recast/recast_ner
That we must not do. Let's be clear about where the deficit problem comes from.
This example text from a US presidential speech is about macroeconomics
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Charlie is cold. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is cold. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is rough. Gary is young. If something is kind then it is quiet. If something is young then it is rough. If something is kind then it is smart. All quiet things are smart. All rough things are kind. If Gary is quiet then Gary is rough.
Charlie is not quiet.
0not-entailed
ruletaker
~(~((((s>((s&s)&(s|(s|s))))&s)|s)))
~(s)
0not-entailed
logical-entailment
The effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori therapies has declined with an increase in antibiotic resistance. To overcome this problem, the efficacy of tailored H. pylori eradication therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing was compared with that of empirical second-line rescue regimens. Patients who had persistent H. pylori infection after the first eradication were recommended to undergo culture for determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) via gastroscopy, which increased the cost by 300%. Fourteen-day esomeprazole, tripotassium dicitrate bismuthate, metronidazole and tetracycline (EBMT) therapy or esomeprazole, moxifloxacin and amoxicillin (MEA) therapy was performed according to the results of antibiotic susceptibility testing. In case of refusal to undergo culture, the participants were treated with either 14-day empirical EBMT or MEA regimen for second eradication after explaining the complexity, side effects and costs associated with each regimen. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov (NCT 02349685). In the 219 patients included, the intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) eradication rates was 75.3% and 79.8% in the 14-day EBMT group (n = 89), 70.8% and 72.4% in the 14-day MEA group (n = 89) and 87.8% and 100.0% in the 14-day tailored therapy group (n = 41), respectively. Based on the PP analysis, the 14-day tailored therapy group showed a significantly higher eradication rate than the 14-day EBMT or MEA group (both p ≤ 0.001). Tailored therapy based on H. pylori culture and MIC test could be an option as a second-line eradication regimen in the presence of high level of antimicrobial resistance.
This study has a cohort study or clinical trial
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
A decline in bond market liquidity could threaten financial stability, the chairman of the Treasury select committee has warned. Treasury chairman Andrew Tyrie has written to Bank of England governor Mark Carney, laying out his concerns and asking for the Financial Policy Committee's view on the risk of declining liquidity in the bond market. Tyrie highlighted particular concern over the gilt-edged bond market. The warning pointed to tighter regulation on bank trading, affecting their ability to absorb changes in supply and demand; the effect of BoE quantitative easing programme and its increased gilt holdings, and a rise in non-active gilt holders such as commercial banks, building societies, pension and insurance funds. Tyrie suggested that as the economy continued to grow, causing bond yields to rise and prices, fall there would be a “vicious circle of declining liquidity and financial distress.” Tyrie said: “In other words, in current conditions, regulatory action could inadvertently compromise, not bolster, financial stability.” The bong market has seen high levels of volatility recently. Last month, for the first time since 2011 a primary gilt dealer, Credit Suisse quit its role of buying sovereign debt straight from the government. Over the summer the famously rock solid German bonds, known as bunds, recorded a 10-year yield of 0.89%, jumping from 0.49% a week prior. In the UK, ten-year gilt yields have rise from 1.81 per cent to 2.05 per cent. In the US, the 10-year note yield climbed to 2.38 per cent from 2.19 per cent.
the Bank of England Chairman, 391bn , has warned UK Treasury that a decline in the liquidity of the bond market would pose a threat to financial stability. Tyrie fears there will be a "vicious circle of declining liquidity and financial stress" when bond yields rise and prices fall in a response that is highly likely to growth in the economy. He also expressed concerns over the impact of unwinding the quantitative easing programme, which has resulted in the Bank of England holding £ Andrew Tyrie of gilts, which is nearly a quarter of all outstanding gilts.
0not-entailed
doc-nli
Dark insane libs who do not like #freedomgirls on #Trump2016 will not have children thank the Lord. #hillary much cuter to them
The author of this text is neutral towards clinton.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
The Arnmenian economy depends primarily on what?
Recently, the Intel Corporation agreed to open a research center in Armenia, in addition to other technology companies, signalling the growth of the technology industry in Armenia.
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Angela dropped the zink sampy.
Someone changed their thoughts, feelings, or beliefs .
0not-entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
The Briggs Declaration states that with one exception in 1972 , Wilson did not work `` directly or indirectly `` for the CIA since retiring .
The retiring happened
1entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer among women in the United States .
United States is a location
1entailed
recast/recast_ner
show volume settings
This example utteranceis about currencies.
0not-entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Anne is cold. Anne is round. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Fiona is green. Fiona is young. Gary is cold. Gary is red. If something is furry then it is cold. Round things are furry. If Gary is green and Gary is round then Gary is big. Cold, green things are red. All red, big things are young. If Fiona is young and Fiona is green then Fiona is round. Red things are big. All green, big things are red.
Fiona is red.
1entailed
ruletaker
~((k&(((w>~(g))>(g|g))|k)))
(g|k)
0not-entailed
logical-entailment
To determine the proportion of initial opioid prescriptions for opioid-naive patients prescribed by surgeons, dentists, and emergency physicians. We hypothesized that the percentage of such prescriptions grew as scrutiny of primary care and pain medicine opioid prescribing increased and guidelines were developed. Data regarding the types of care for which opioid-naive patients are provided initial opioid prescriptions are limited. A retrospective cross-sectional study using a nationwide insurance claims dataset to study US adults aged 18 to 64 years. Our primary outcome was a change in opioid prescription share for opioid-naive patients undergoing surgical, emergency, and dental care from 2010 to 2016; we also examined the type and amounts of opioid filled. From 87,941,718 analyzed lives, we identified 16,292,018 opioid prescriptions filled by opioid-naive patients. The proportion of prescriptions for patients receiving surgery, emergency, and dental care increased by 15.8% from 2010 to 2016 (P < 0.001), with the greatest increases related to surgical (18.1%) and dental (67.8%) prescribing. In 2016, surgery patients filled 22.0% of initial prescriptions, emergency medicine patients 13.0%, and dental patients 4.2%. Surgical patients' mean total oral morphine equivalents per prescription increased from 240 mg (SD 509) in 2010 to 403 mg (SD 1369) in 2016 (P < 0.001). Over the study period, surgical patients received the highest proportion of potent opioids (90.2% received hydrocodone or oxycodone). Initial opioid prescribing attributable to surgical and dental care is increasing relative to primary and chronic pain care. Evidence-based guideline development for surgical and dental prescribing is warranted in order to curb iatrogenic opioid morbidity and mortality.
This study has a target disease
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
Barlovento (Spanish for windward) is a municipality in the northern part of the island of La Palma, one of the Canary Islands, and a part of the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Barlovento is on the main highway which encircles the island. The land rises steeply from a small coastal plain, to the rim of the Caldera de Taburiente at Pico de la Cruz (2,350m)
barlovento has lots of earthquakes
0not-entailed
doc-nli
Assailants attacked a police outpost in Muqur district, Badghis, Afghanistan. At least seven police officers were killed and another two officers were injured in the attack. Additionally, three other officers were reported abducted following the attack. The outcome of the abduction is unknown. The Taliban claimed responsibility for the incident.
This text describes a hostage taking (kidnapping)
1entailed
Pol_NLI
How many crop seasons are there in Rajasthan?
There are mainly two crop seasons.
1entailed
glue/qnli
Amber tailed Chelsea across the gauble.
Someone or something applied force onto something .
0not-entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
It emerged that Chiara , the girl who disappeared with Fabio , had a collection of satanic literature and paraphernalia in her bedroom .
The having happened
1entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Iraqi police say gunmen have attacked a convoy belonging to Iraqi President Jalal Talabani , killing at least six of his bodyguards and wounding as many as 15 others .
Jalal is a month
0not-entailed
recast/recast_ner
I'm officially a 20 year old incel kill me now
This example could not be considered offensive, disrespectful, or toxic.
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. The bald eagle does not eat the mouse. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse eats the bald eagle. If the lion does not need the mouse then the lion is big. If someone is kind and they do not need the mouse then the mouse eats the lion. If someone is blue then they eat the lion. If someone is big and not red then they are blue. If someone does not visit the lion then they visit the mouse. If someone needs the mouse then they are big.
The lion does not visit the mouse.
0not-entailed
ruletaker
((b|~(l))&(e|(v&(s|(~(v)&(b|b))))))
(e|s)
1entailed
logical-entailment
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are a heterogeneous group of antihypertensive drugs. Long-acting dihydropyridine agent amlodipine is widely used for monotherapy and combination therapy for hypertension in clinical practice, while intermediate-acting dihydropyridine agents have shown inconsistent results in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of 18 RCTs enrolling a total of 80,483 patients with hypertension followed for a mean of 51.4 months was performed. Amlodipine therapy was associated with 25% higher risk of heart failure (relative risk [RR]: 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.49, P = .019) but 17% lower risk of stroke (RR: 0.83, [95% CI, 0.72-0.97], P = .009) without statistically significant effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to major alternative antihypertensive therapy (MAAT), including β-blocker, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, or angiotensin-receptor blocker. Intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker therapy was associated with 25% higher risk of heart failure (RR: 1.25, [95% CI, 1.06-1.47], 0.005, P = .005) and 26% higher risk of AMI (RR: 1.26, [95% CI, 1.05-1.51], 0.019, P = .019) compared to MAAT. Results of the subgroup analysis suggested that the intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker was associated with higher risk of heart failure (RR: 1.30, [95% CI, 1.08-1.56], P = .005) and AMI (RR: 1.50, [95% CI, 1.01-2.22], P = .043) compared to renin-angiotensin system blockers and a trend toward higher risk of AMI (RR: 1.17, [95% CI, 0.99-1.38], P = .064) compared to conventional therapy, including β-blockers and diuretics. Meta-regression analyses suggested that long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker is associated with lower risk of AMI ( B: -0.327, [95% CI, -0.530 to -0.123], P = .002) with a trend toward lower risk of stroke ( B: -0.203, [95% CI, -0.410 to 0.003] P = .054). This study suggests that Amlodipine offers greater protection against major complications of hypertension compared to intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers.
This study does not have human subjects
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
Hit on the head<br>Sonia felt the ball hit her temple before she fell down. Everyone one the baseball field run to her aid. She had trouble distinguishing one face from the next. She tried to stand up but couldn't move. She had to leave the field in an ambulance as people cried for her.
Sonia was disoriented.
1entailed
doc-nli
we must eliminate the church of scientology since it was initiated by the thought of a person ..
The author of this text believes we should ban the Church of Scientology.
1entailed
Pol_NLI
When was the Yale School of Medicine established?
Yale expanded gradually, establishing the Yale School of Medicine (1810), Yale Divinity School (1822), Yale Law School (1843), Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the Sheffield Scientific School (1847), and the Yale School of Fine Arts (1869).
1entailed
glue/qnli
Corey stained the zink.
Something neutral happened .
1entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
How has Katrina changed the US ?
The changing happened
1entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Israel 's highest court has upheld the government 's plan to withdraw from all of the Gaza Strip and four small West Bank settlements .
Gaza Strip is a location
0not-entailed
recast/recast_ner
Q. I have been experiencing yeast infections at least once every month. I also have vaginal bacterial infections but not one of the sexually transmitted diseases. For months I've taken cleocin for the bacteria, Flagyl for the yeast and have switched my oral birth control pills, but to no avail. This last visit my doctor prescribed a higher dose of Flagyl and said for my husband to take some, too. And if it comes back to go see her again. What can I do? A. Sorry that you are having such a frustrating experience. But you may have hit upon the right approach. Yeast infections are common and seem to be increased in women who are taking birth-control pills. If this is a problem that started not long after you began taking the pills, finding another form of birth control may help.
This text is about: pediatrics
0not-entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Bob is big. Bob is green. Dave is big. Erin is nice. Fiona is big. Fiona is nice. Fiona is young. Blue things are white. All nice things are green. All big, smart things are young. Nice, green things are smart. If something is nice and young then it is blue. All nice things are big. All blue, green things are young. All blue things are young.
Bob is not blue.
1entailed
ruletaker
((h|h)|~(((h>(~(c)>h))>c)))
(~(~(h))|~(((h>c)>(h|c))))
1entailed
logical-entailment
The effects on sleep of two well known hypnotics, lormetazepam and zolpidem, during experimentally induced environmental noise were compared with placebo. In a double-blind, crossover study, 12 normal volunteers were subjected to prerecorded traffic noise with a mean noise level of 52 dB(A) and peaks to 77 dB(A) continuously for 8 hours in bed. Both hypnotics increased total sleep time, predominantly stage 2 sleep. A significant decrease in the number of sleep stage transitions, arousals, and awakenings longer than 3 minutes was found only with lormetazepam. No significant effects on rapid eye movement (REM) and slow wave sleep were observed. Latencies to persistent sleep and REM sleep onset were not different for either active treatment compared with placebo. Only after lormetazepam was performance on the morning reaction time test significantly affected. However, no differences were found in the subjective sleep quality and alertness ratings. Changes in the distribution of sleep stages throughout the night were related to the elimination half-life characteristics of the hypnotics, but few trends were detected. Both the protective properties against environmental noise of the hypnotics studied and the validity of the model of induced sleep disturbance in evaluating hypnotic agents are discussed.
This study does not have any quantitative outcomes
1entailed
biosift-nli
Measure<br>John wanted to know how dogs could find electronic devices. He set up a test to measure the chemicals off-gassed by plastic. John used a sensitive device that could detect odors. He found plastic devices gave off a certain chemical as they decayed. John published his research in an esteemed science journal.
John wants to study hot dogs
1entailed
doc-nli
Thats exactly right, Larry: the pay fors in this infrastructure bill are not paid for. Thank you for your support in taking a stand against these reckless, deficit-increasing spending sprees. https://t.co/4yGvDyD9YM
The author of this text supports government spending.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
In 2008, what type collapse was feared?
UBS further emphasized that this fixes only the financial crisis, but that in economic terms "the worst is still to come".
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Daniel spurred Justin into the situation.
Someone or something did not change physically .
1entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
Another thing that can cause a king snake to stop eating is shedding .
The eating did not happen
0not-entailed
recast/recast_factuality
Mr. Obote died last week at age 81 in a South African hospital .
Obote is a person
1entailed
recast/recast_ner
Question: How are Jesus's messages being carried out in the world today? Answer: missionaries. i live in Switzerland, and i am teaching the people in Europe about the love of Christ.\nit is alos speard by loving people day-to-day! you can do it too!\nLove God- Love Poeple.\nIt's simple!
This example question from the Yahoo Q&A forum is categorized in the topic: Society & Culture
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. Cold, rough things are nice. If something is cold then it is rough. Big things are kind. If the squirrel is kind and the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is nice. All kind things are rough. All rough things are nice. Big, nice things are cold. Nice things are kind.
The squirrel is cold.
1entailed
ruletaker
~(n)
(n>(~((w&k))&e))
1entailed
logical-entailment
<b>Introduction.</b> Even though <i>Corynebacterium aurimucosum</i> has been described in 2002, this species has long been underestimated due to the unreliability of conventional identification methods and only a few cases of infections have been reported.<b>Hypothesis/Gap Statement.</b> Little is known about clinical significance and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of this uncommon species.<b>Aim.</b> To evaluate the clinical relevance of <i>C. aurimucosum</i> and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile.<b>Methodology.</b> All <i>C. aurimucosum</i> isolates, collected from 2010 to 2019 in 10 French university hospitals, were retrospectively included. Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were collected for all cases. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the 2019 EUCAST guidelines.<b>Results.</b> Fifty-seven clinical isolates of <i>C. aurimucosum</i> were collected in 57 patients (median age, 65.8 years; male/female sex ratio, 1.1), mostly from urine (28 %), blood culture (28 %) and bone/synovial fluid (19 %) samples. Of them, 14 cases of infection were confirmed, mainly bone and joint infections (50 %) followed by urinary tract infections (UTIs) (21 %), bacteremia (14 %), skin and soft-tissue infections (14 %). <i>C. aurimucosum</i> was recovered in pure culture in 36 % of cases (UTIs and bacteremia) while mixed cultures were observed for other infections. By testing 52 clinical isolates <i>in vitro</i>, this species appeared to be fully susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin while most isolates (>80 %) were susceptible to amoxicillin (MIC<sub>90</sub>, 2 µg ml<sup>-1</sup>), gentamicin, tetracycline and rifampicin. Both cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin seemed to have a limited activity (ca. 50 % of susceptible strains). The MIC distribution for ciprofloxacin showed a bimodal profile with a population of highly-resistant strains with MICs >2 µg ml<sup>-1</sup>. Most isolates (>90 %) were categorized as resistant to penicillin G and clindamycin.<b>Conclusion.</b> <i>C. aurimucosum</i> should be considered as an actual opportunistic pathogen, and treatment with amoxicillin, vancomycin or linezolid should be preferred.
This study does not have a target drug
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
Washington ( CNN ) -- Testimony on day three of proceedings about the future of presidential assailant John Hinckley Jr. turned to whether Williamsburg , Virginia , is the right place for him to eventually live as an outpatient . `` I think it is right now , '' said Dr. Deborah Giorgi-Guarnieri , a psychiatrist whom Hinckley sees during his trips to his mother 's home in Williamsburg . `` It always requires constant assessment , but I think it is right now . '' But Giorgi-Guarnieri testified Monday that Hinckley has had difficulty forming new relationships there . She said Hinckley does regularly talk with a female neighbor of his mother , and with both his female supervisor and a female co-worker at his volunteer part-time job at a hospital library . Giorgi-Guarnieri said Hinckley , who likes to paint , has given paintings to both his supervisor and the co-worker . But she said that is something that is not unusual at that mental health care facility . According to the psychiatrist , Hinckley also offered her a painting for her office but she declined , saying she already has enough artwork . `` He does n't have a romantic relationship in Williamsburg , '' Giorgi-Guarnieri added . Hinckley 's relationships with women have always drawn scrutiny because he hoped to impress actress Jodie Foster with his attack on Reagan . Hinckley , 56 , currently spends 10 days a month visiting his mother in Williamsburg . A plan proposed by St. Elizabeths Hospital , where Hinckley has been treated since being found not guilty by reason of insanity in the shootings of President Ronald Reagan and three other men , calls for the visits to be expanded and , if no problems develop , for Hinckley 's eventual release to live as an outpatient . Prosecutors oppose the plan , which initially calls for two visits of 17 days each , followed by six visits of 24 days . A key question posed during the hearings is what will happen to Hinckley when his widowed mother , Jo Ann , is no longer alive . She 's 85 years old and sat in court Monday listening to testimony . According to Hinckley 's lawyer , Barry Levine , his mother is in good health . Hinckley caregivers have not fully answered the question of what would happen after his mother is gone . Hinckley has been seeing Giorgi-Guarnieri in October of 2010 , she said , and she estimated she has seen him no more than a dozen times . She agreed with doctors from St. Elizabeths who testified last week that the most serious illnesses he had been diagnosed with -- depressive disorder and an unspecified psychotic disorder -- are in remission . However , the psychiatrist said Hinckley should continue taking his medicines , which include an antipsychotic drug called Risperdal and Zoloft for anxiety . Giorgi-Guarnieri also agreed with other doctors who say Hinckley still suffers from narcissism but it has improved . Hinckley has been listening quietly to testimony . His brother and sister are expected to testify tomorrow . In March of 1981 , Hinckley shot Reagan as he left a Washington hotel after making a speech . Also wounded in the attack were Reagan 's press secretary , James Brady , Secret Service agent Timothy McCarthy and Washington policeman Thomas Delahanty .
Man hospitalized since he shot President Reagan in 1981 seeks to become outpatient . A psychiatrist says she thinks Williamsburg , Virginia , is the right place for Hinckley , for now . He has been doing volunteer work at a hospital library there while visiting his mother . His depressive disorder and an unspecified psychotic disorder are in remission , doctors say .
1entailed
doc-nli
My parents(white folk) lived next to a family from Pakistan, who always brought them food when they had celebrations, holidays, or as a thank you for something. I could never remember the names of all the different types of food, but it was all clearly home made and delicious! We learned so much from them, and the food was a perfect icebreaker for getting to know them better. They were wonderful people. Hard to find neighbors like that, (white folk) included.
This text is dehumanizing people for their place of origin.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
What is early Islamic metaphysics imbued with?
The search for a definitive Islamic philosophy separate from Occasionalism can be seen in what is left of his work.
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
Thomas turned the soch to a lorpy position.
Someone moved from their location .
0not-entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
Our system reflects SJ Bondad GDP but SWG is going to pay us based on SJ Non-Bondad GDP .
The paying happened
0not-entailed
recast/recast_factuality
The tribunal has indicted General Lukic and three other Serbian generals on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity against Kosovo Albanians in 1999 .
General Lukic is a person 's given name
0not-entailed
recast/recast_ner
Question: Hey Know it alls out there WARLOK is a valid name, its not more satanic than witch and it does have? more power to it than some male whose scared of the term. Now what?\n\nOh by the way I hate Satan, probably more then most "christians" who are just a religous cover up for rascisnt snobs as far as I am concernced, but I like Witchcraft, the craft., not particularly wicca which with your three fold laws and other internet goodies is a washed down version of the real thing, kind of like american cuisine. Answer: Wow! What a wealth of misinformation.....did you learn of witchcraft by watching popular television? Real thing...? Oh, yes, the craft is real and has guiding principles but I doubt if you could recognize a practitioner of the craft. Satan? Not an issue to the craft, that's your dogma. Take time to educate yourself more, it would definitely benefit you. And tone down the negative attitude--it's never very attractive on anyone.
This example question from the Yahoo Q&A forum is categorized in the topic: Computers & Internet
0not-entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is green. If Bob is white then Bob is not furry. If something is round then it is white. Kind things are big. All round things are big. Green, big things are round. If something is green and not cold then it is furry. If something is not furry then it is round. If something is round and not furry then it is white.
Bob is green.
1entailed
ruletaker
(((b>y)|~((b|(w>(j&j)))))&~(~((w&j))))
((((b&y)>w)>~(b))|y)
1entailed
logical-entailment
The Saitama Postmenopausal Lipid Intervention Study was a multicenter, uncontrolled, collaborative study that investigated tolerability and sex-related differences in the response of serum lipids to simvastatin administered for 12 months in 122 postmenopausal women and 55 men with serum total cholesterol (TC) levels > or =220 mg/dL. With simvastatin treatment, TC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreased significantly at 1 month in both groups, and these decreased levels were maintained throughout treatment (P < 0.001). A significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) levels was also observed in both groups (P < 0.05). The mean percentage decreases in TC and LDL-C levels in women (20% and 28%, respectively) were significantly greater than those in men (15% and 20%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Mean percentage changes in TC and LDL-C levels in subgroups defined by stratification for baseline TC and LDL-C levels were also greater in women. There were no sex-related differences in the percentage changes in TG or high-density cholesterol levels, although the changes were influenced by baseline levels. Although the median dose of simvastatin (milligrams per kilogram of body weight) in women was significantly higher than in men (P < 0.001), the percentage changes in serum lipids were not correlated with the doses of simvastatin calibrated by body weight. Adverse reactions occurred in 8 men and 7 women, so there appeared to be no significant sex-related difference. Eleven patients had abnormal laboratory values. Simvastatin therapy for 12 months is well tolerated and effective for both women and men with hypercholesterolemia. Sex-related differences occurred in the response to simvastatin therapy of serum lipids, especially TC and LDL-C, with greater changes in lipid levels occurring in women.
This study does not have human subjects
0not-entailed
biosift-nli
Pakistan has moved troops to border with India amid rising tensions , officials say . The Pakistani military is also moving its forces into the disputed region of Kashmir in a bid to prevent any further escalation between Indian and Pakistani soldiers on either side of the Line of Control that divides them. Indian defense spokesman : India `` is monitoring the situation closely '' The two countries have fought three wars since 1947 .
Pakistan has moved troops to border with India amid rising tensions , officials say . Pakistan forces on high alert after terror attacks last month in Mumbai . Indian defense spokesman : India `` is monitoring the situation closely '' The two countries have fought three wars since 1947 .
0not-entailed
doc-nli
Porsche and Mercedes-Benz will be competing in Formula E next year as the all-electric series revealed its new bumper calendar for the 2019/20 season. The two motorsport titans will come face to face with rivals BMW and Audi for the first time in what will be the busiest season in Formula E history. READ: The 'new futuristic championship' aiming to connect with fansThe new additions will boost the number of cars and drivers on the grid to 24, which will now include more manufacturers than any other racing category. JUST WATCHEDMercedes looks ahead to joining Formula EReplayMore Videos ...MUST WATCHMercedes looks ahead to joining Formula E 02:27Since its inception five years ago, Formula E has been at the forefront of promoting green travel, and some of the world's most prestigious manufacturers have joined the rapidly growing series. Read MoreREAD: 'When Mercedes come, they come to win'Under affiliate HWA Team, Mercedes has already been testing the water ahead of the team's launch. The German manufacturer is building a true Formula One dynasty, having been triumphant in the previous five seasons, and it is already in pole position to win six championships in a row. New destinationsWith the addition of both London and Seoul, there will also be 14 races next season, set in 12 cities spanning four continents. Our provisional calendar for the 2019/20 season as we return to London and race in Seoul for the first time! #ABBFormulaE pic.twitter.com/oxpRiyEPxB— ABB Formula E (@FIAFormulaE) June 14, 2019 It will conclude with a double-header in the English capital, taking place on a unique track that will include both indoor and outdoor sections. "Next season promises to be the most exciting and eagerly anticipated in the short history of the ABB FIA Formula E Championship," said Alberto Longo, co-founder and deputy CEO of
This text is about politics.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
Where can you find carpets and objects from the orient?
Carpets and objects from the orient can be visited in the Oriental Carpet Museum.
1entailed
glue/qnli
The soch mortified.
Something touched another thing .
0not-entailed
recast/recast_verbcorner
It was the business community in India that stepped in after Vajpayee indulged in an empty bout of saber rattling in 2002 , pointing out that the only beneficiary of the mythical perception that war -- especially nuclear war -- was around the corner in the subcontinent was China .
The indulging happened
1entailed
recast/recast_factuality
The April 10 crash killed President Kaczynski , his wife and 94 others outside the Russian city of Smolensk .
Russian is a calendar year
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recast/recast_ner
Birthday Offering / A Month in the Country / Les Noces Friday 6 July 2012, 7.30pm Main Stage Booking for 30 June 2012 - 7 July.
This text is about: event
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Anne is cold. Anne is red. Anne is white. Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is not red. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is cold. Fiona is green. Fiona is not round. White things are furry. Furry things are green. If Fiona is smart and Fiona is not round then Fiona is furry. If Fiona is not red then Fiona is furry. All furry things are smart. White, round things are not red. If something is not smart then it is white. If something is not white and not red then it is green.
Fiona is not furry.
0not-entailed
ruletaker
((k&f)|k)
(((v|v)>((f&b)&b))>b)
0not-entailed
logical-entailment
To evaluate the long-term safety of OROS methylphenidate in the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. This multicenter, open-label, dose-titration, flexible dose study enrolled adults with ADHD for 6 or 12 months of treatment with OROS methylphenidate. Dosing began at 36 mg/d, with titration in 18-mg increments every 7 days until a predefined outcome (efficacy threshold, maximum dosage of 108 mg/d, or limiting adverse event). Dose reduction occurred for prespecified reasons, and the subjects discontinued if unable to tolerate 36 mg/d. Assessments included ADHD symptoms, adverse events, vital signs, and laboratory results. A total of 550 subjects received treatment (52% were men; mean age, 39 years; range, 18-65 years), and 57% (146/258) and 44% (129/292) completed their 6 or 12 months of treatment with mean durations of 128 and 213 days, respectively. The final prescribed dosages were 36 mg/d (22.4%), 54 mg/d (25.1%), 72 mg/d (22.0%), 90 mg/d (17.1%), and 108 mg/d (13.5%). Modest increases from baseline to final visit were observed in mean systolic (2.6 mm Hg) and diastolic (1.9 mm Hg) blood pressure and pulse (4.1 beats per minute). The mean weight decreased by 2.3 kg. No clinically meaningful changes in laboratory values or electrocardiogram parameters were observed other than increased heart rate. Most common adverse events included decreased appetite (26.7%), headache (24.0%), and insomnia (20.7%). No serious adverse event was considered related to study medication. Several measures of efficacy indicated improvement during the study. OROS methylphenidate, in the flexible dosage range from 36 to 108 mg/d, was well tolerated for up to 1 year in adults with ADHD.
This study has a control, double-blind, or comparison patient group
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biosift-nli
Published by Globes [online], Israel business news - www.globes-online.com - on February 3, 2017 © Copyright of Israeli edtech firm CodeMonkey has raised $1.5m in seed funding. The company is developing a platform for developers to build applications that can be used by the public and private sectors. Japanese holding company Edulab is to integrate CodeMonkey into its science, technology, engineering and mathematics portfolio and grow the platform to reach some 30,000 primary school children. CodeMonkey will use its seed funds to expand its research and development teams, as well as its sales and marketing department.
Israeli edtech firm CodeMonkey has raised $1.5m in seed funding. The company is developing a platform for developers to build applications that can be used by the public and private sectors. Japanese holding company Edulab is to integrate CodeMonkey into its science, technology, engineering and mathematics portfolio and grow the platform to reach some 30,000 primary school children. CodeMonkey will use its seed funds to expand its research and development teams, as well as its sales and marketing department.
1entailed
doc-nli
You thick fucking retard lmfao go back to rimming your dead boi xxx
This text is defending the cognitively disabled.
0not-entailed
Pol_NLI
Who was the member of Parliament who brought a bill about Daylight Saving Time to the House of Commons in 1908?
A select committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearce's bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years.
0not-entailed
glue/qnli
There skulked Lisa out of the yab.
Someone did not move from their location .
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recast/recast_verbcorner
Mark Anderson says that even though Bondad gas flowed , the price was Non-Bondad .
The saying did not happen
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recast/recast_factuality
Only 26 countries , mostly small nations in Africa , Central America and the Caribbean , recognize Taiwan 's government .
Africa is a time or duration of time
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recast/recast_ner
I have been charged a fee, I didn't know about this fee before! When do you charge extra for card payments?
This banking customer example message is about a card payment fee.
1entailed
dataset_train_nli
What is not explicitly stated as true is considered false. Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is nice. Anne is quiet. Charlie is blue. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is round. All quiet, blue people are green. All furry, cold people are blue. Green people are nice.
Anne is furry.
0not-entailed
ruletaker
~(((p|p)&((~(~(r))|r)>p)))
(((p&r)>~((~((r&~(~(i))))&h)))>(h|r))
0not-entailed
logical-entailment