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PMC9429943_fig2_389922.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389928.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389926.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389931.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389939.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389933.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389929.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389940.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389934.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389924.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389935.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389932.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429943_fig2_389923.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | On resulting electron microscopy (EM) samples: hydrogen peroxide concentration, cell wall removal, and a rare case of spill over staining. (A) High concentration of hydrogen peroxide during DAB staining compromises sample structure and obscures fine detail. Yeast cells expressing PCOX4-Cox4-V5-APEX2 (labeling mitochondria) were chemically fixed, stained by DAB, and then processed for transmission EM. Correlation between staining intensity and hydrogen peroxide concentration was visible in both light microscopy and EM. Fractures along stained membrane (yellow arrowheads) were frequent in samples treated with higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide. White arrows, mitochondria with acceptable structural preservation. (B) Cell wall removal is not necessary for the use of APEX2 in EM. Yeast cells were processed for EM in the same procedure, except that in one group enzymatic digestion of cells was performed (after chemical fixation, before potassium permanganate treatment). The inclusion of this step did not bring noticeable improvement. Arrows, organelles stained by DAB. (C) In rare cases, DAB staining may occur in unintended locations. Erg6-V5-APEX2 was the only exception among all the chimeras we tested. Erg6 is supposedly a lipid droplet protein. In EM, staining at the cell periphery was also present. Arrows, DAB staining in cell periphery. White scale bar in EM images, 1 um. Yellow scale bar in DIC images, 5 um. |
PMC9429949_F3_389943.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429949_F3_389947.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429949_F3_389948.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429949_F3_389945.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429949_F3_389944.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429949_F3_389946.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the cellular structure of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) after 14 days of 200 nM Torin1 (mTORC1/C2 inhibitor) exposure (B) or 4–5 weeks of metabolic maturation media (MM) (C). In comparison to untreated hiPSC-CMs (A), cells treated with Torin 1 and MM media show dramatically enhanced ultrastructure. In cells treated with Torin 1, prominent Z-lines with aligned and elongated sarcomeres (∼1.3 μm) are observed (Bii). In addition to desmosomes, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum, the formation of interspersed mitochondria is also observed (Bi). In cells incubated with MM media for four to five weeks, packed mitochondria with well-formed cristae, more significant junctional SR, with possible T-tubule formation are also observed (Ci). In addition to dense peri-nuclear mitochondria, surface dyads with RyR2 on junctional SR were observed (Ci). JSR, junctional SR. M, mitochondrion. N, nucleus. RyR2, type II ryanodine receptor. Z, Z line. i, cross sections of the hiPSC-CM. ii, longitudinal section of the hiPSC-CM. |
PMC9429984_F3_389951.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | axial view of the computed tomography scan |
PMC9429989_F1_389952.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | specimen from bronchoscopic biopsy showing numerous hyphae with septation consistent with aspergillosis (arrows) |
PMC9429989_F2_389954.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | chest computerized tomography scan showing: A) large lung soft tissue mass lesion with areas of necrosis (red dashed line); B) left inferior pulmonary vein and left atrium thrombosis (green dashed line) |
PMC9429989_F5_389960.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | functional single-photon emission computed tomography images in axial view (A), coronal view (B), and sagittal view (C) showing the increased area of activity in the inferior angle of the scapula, 10th left rib posteriorly, and the vertebral discs suggestive of metastasis (arrows) |
PMC9429989_F5_389961.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | functional single-photon emission computed tomography images in axial view (A), coronal view (B), and sagittal view (C) showing the increased area of activity in the inferior angle of the scapula, 10th left rib posteriorly, and the vertebral discs suggestive of metastasis (arrows) |
PMC9429989_F5_389958.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | functional single-photon emission computed tomography images in axial view (A), coronal view (B), and sagittal view (C) showing the increased area of activity in the inferior angle of the scapula, 10th left rib posteriorly, and the vertebral discs suggestive of metastasis (arrows) |
PMC9429989_F5_389959.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | functional single-photon emission computed tomography images in axial view (A), coronal view (B), and sagittal view (C) showing the increased area of activity in the inferior angle of the scapula, 10th left rib posteriorly, and the vertebral discs suggestive of metastasis (arrows) |
PMC9429989_F6_389953.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | abdominal computerized tomography scan showing hepatic hypodense lesions (arrow) |
PMC9430179_fig4_389966.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Pathogenic analysis of PSV/GS01/China/2021-infected suckling piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets were orally inoculated with PSV GS01 (106 TCID50/pig) or an equal volume of MEM 199. (A to D) Clinical symptoms (A and B), clinical scores (C), and body temperature (D) were observed daily. (E) Fecal swabs were also collected for the detection of shedding virus. (F) At 7 dpi, all piglets were euthanized, and different organs were collected for viral load determinations. (G) Small intestines were also prepared for histopathological analysis. |
PMC9430179_fig4_389965.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Pathogenic analysis of PSV/GS01/China/2021-infected suckling piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets were orally inoculated with PSV GS01 (106 TCID50/pig) or an equal volume of MEM 199. (A to D) Clinical symptoms (A and B), clinical scores (C), and body temperature (D) were observed daily. (E) Fecal swabs were also collected for the detection of shedding virus. (F) At 7 dpi, all piglets were euthanized, and different organs were collected for viral load determinations. (G) Small intestines were also prepared for histopathological analysis. |
PMC9430179_fig4_389968.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Pathogenic analysis of PSV/GS01/China/2021-infected suckling piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets were orally inoculated with PSV GS01 (106 TCID50/pig) or an equal volume of MEM 199. (A to D) Clinical symptoms (A and B), clinical scores (C), and body temperature (D) were observed daily. (E) Fecal swabs were also collected for the detection of shedding virus. (F) At 7 dpi, all piglets were euthanized, and different organs were collected for viral load determinations. (G) Small intestines were also prepared for histopathological analysis. |
PMC9430179_fig4_389970.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Pathogenic analysis of PSV/GS01/China/2021-infected suckling piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets were orally inoculated with PSV GS01 (106 TCID50/pig) or an equal volume of MEM 199. (A to D) Clinical symptoms (A and B), clinical scores (C), and body temperature (D) were observed daily. (E) Fecal swabs were also collected for the detection of shedding virus. (F) At 7 dpi, all piglets were euthanized, and different organs were collected for viral load determinations. (G) Small intestines were also prepared for histopathological analysis. |
PMC9430179_fig4_389967.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Pathogenic analysis of PSV/GS01/China/2021-infected suckling piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets were orally inoculated with PSV GS01 (106 TCID50/pig) or an equal volume of MEM 199. (A to D) Clinical symptoms (A and B), clinical scores (C), and body temperature (D) were observed daily. (E) Fecal swabs were also collected for the detection of shedding virus. (F) At 7 dpi, all piglets were euthanized, and different organs were collected for viral load determinations. (G) Small intestines were also prepared for histopathological analysis. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389982.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389984.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389975.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389978.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389980.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389973.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389976.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389979.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430406_fig2_389983.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Cell-cell fusion of L-forms. (A and B) Nonspecific cell fusion was carried out using either a physical method (centrifugation) (A) or chemical method (PEG) (B). The fusion efficiency was calculated by dividing the total cell count obtained on double selection media with the cell count of the individual parent strain (AG or HR). Increasing centrifugal force leads to a decrease in efficiency (one-way analysis or variance [ANOVA], F = 15, P = 9.77 × 10−9, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s honestly significant difference [HSD]). PEG concentrations also affected fusion efficiency (one-way ANOVA, F = 22, P = 0.033, group-wise comparison with Tukey’s HSD) with 10 w% resulting in the highest efficiency of fusion. (C) Fluorescence microscopy of colony biomass on double antibiotic media after fusion via centrifugation (top two rows) or via PEG 10 w% (bottom two rows). Fluorescence expression (EGFP and mCherry) is indicated as a percentage in the top right corner of each image and was calculated using ImageJ/Fiji. The overlay image (third column) shows the percentage or area occupied by both green and red pixels and was slightly higher for PEG-induced fusion. A cell suspension from colony biomass that was cultured in LPB medium with both antibiotics and imaged at a higher magnification also shown. Scale bar for colony biomass = 100 μm; scale bar for cell suspension = 5 μm. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389987.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389988.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389993.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389990.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389989.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389992.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430527_fig1_389991.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Effects of DDA on the morphology of P. nicotianae. (A) SEM images of the morphology of P. nicotianae (EC50 = 35 μg/mL and 2-fold EC50 = 70 μg/mL). Magnification, ×5,000. Bar = 10 μm). (B) TEM images of the ultrastructure of P. nicotianae. Magnifications, ×25,000 (left), ×15,000 (center), and ×30,000 (right). Bars = 2 μm (left and center) and 1 μm (right). (C) Tannic acid staining observation of cell wall integrity. Magnification, ×400. |
PMC9430547_fig7_389997.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Helix breaking abolished protein secretion. (A) Prediction of helix breaking mutants of GP64. Four random residues in the helix of SP were mutated to proline to generate pIZ/V5-gp64M19P, pIZ/V5-gp64L25P, pIZ/V5-gp64L28P, or pIZ/V5-gp64A30P, and the mutant structure was predicted by Phyre2. The SPase cleavage site is shown in red and green, and the mutated prolines are shown in magenta. (B) Localization and membrane fusion assay of GP64 helix breaking mutants. BmN cells were transfected with pIZ/V5-gp64M19P, pIZ/V5-gp64L25P, pIZ/V5-gp64L28P, or pIZ/V5-gp64A30P, and then, the cells were subjected to immunofluorescence and fusion assays as described in B. (C) Secretion assay of SP with helix breaking mutations. Mutated SPs were amplified by PCR and inserted into pIZ/V5-Luc to generate pIZ/V5-SPM19P-Luc, pIZ/V5-SPL25P-Luc, pIZ/V5-SPL28P-Luc, and pIZ/V5-SPA30P-Luc. Then, these vectors and the control vectors pIZ/V5-SP-Luc were transfected into BmN cells, and the luciferase secretion rate and significance were analyzed at 72 h.p.t. |
PMC9430547_fig7_389994.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Helix breaking abolished protein secretion. (A) Prediction of helix breaking mutants of GP64. Four random residues in the helix of SP were mutated to proline to generate pIZ/V5-gp64M19P, pIZ/V5-gp64L25P, pIZ/V5-gp64L28P, or pIZ/V5-gp64A30P, and the mutant structure was predicted by Phyre2. The SPase cleavage site is shown in red and green, and the mutated prolines are shown in magenta. (B) Localization and membrane fusion assay of GP64 helix breaking mutants. BmN cells were transfected with pIZ/V5-gp64M19P, pIZ/V5-gp64L25P, pIZ/V5-gp64L28P, or pIZ/V5-gp64A30P, and then, the cells were subjected to immunofluorescence and fusion assays as described in B. (C) Secretion assay of SP with helix breaking mutations. Mutated SPs were amplified by PCR and inserted into pIZ/V5-Luc to generate pIZ/V5-SPM19P-Luc, pIZ/V5-SPL25P-Luc, pIZ/V5-SPL28P-Luc, and pIZ/V5-SPA30P-Luc. Then, these vectors and the control vectors pIZ/V5-SP-Luc were transfected into BmN cells, and the luciferase secretion rate and significance were analyzed at 72 h.p.t. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390001.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390008.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390000.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390006.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390004.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430563_fig3_390002.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | FZB42 inhibits the initial growth of P. carotovorum and they grow in a wall-like structure when getting in contact. (A) Pairwise interaction between FZB42 and P. carotovorum shows inhibition of P. carotovorum colony from a macroscopic perspective. Scale = 1 cm. (B) Expansion rates of the FZB42 and P. carotovorum leading edges and distance between both strains in the long-term stage of the interaction (18 to 36 h). The blue line represents the FZB42 leading edge, and the green line represents the P. carotovorum leading edge. The yellow area represents the distance between the two populations during this stage of the interaction. Error bars indicate SD. n = 3. (C) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the P. carotovorum growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (2 and 4 to 5 h). (D) 2D images and Z-projected representations of FZB42 growth in the short-term time frame of interaction (5.5 and 9 h). (E) 2D images and Z-projected representations of the interaction area where P. carotovorum and FZB42 come into contact (18 and 36 h). (F) 3D surface representations of the interaction area show the initial contact between P. carotovorum and FZB42 and the FZB42 advancement. In addition, both colonies form a wall-like structure when they come into contact. Scale = 50 μm. |
PMC9430603_fig5_390011.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Growth at the air/liquid interface. (A) Pellicle development following inoculation with liquid conidial suspension on agar, 1 to 4 dpi (×20 magnification). (B and C) Pellicle from the top of the adhesion assay at 24 hpi (B, ×10 magnification; C, ×40 magnification). Imaging was performed on a black background, which is visible through the center of pellicles. Arrows indicate thickened ridges of cells. Arrowheads indicate regions of loosely packed cells. |
PMC9430603_fig5_390010.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Growth at the air/liquid interface. (A) Pellicle development following inoculation with liquid conidial suspension on agar, 1 to 4 dpi (×20 magnification). (B and C) Pellicle from the top of the adhesion assay at 24 hpi (B, ×10 magnification; C, ×40 magnification). Imaging was performed on a black background, which is visible through the center of pellicles. Arrows indicate thickened ridges of cells. Arrowheads indicate regions of loosely packed cells. |
PMC9430603_fig5_390009.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Growth at the air/liquid interface. (A) Pellicle development following inoculation with liquid conidial suspension on agar, 1 to 4 dpi (×20 magnification). (B and C) Pellicle from the top of the adhesion assay at 24 hpi (B, ×10 magnification; C, ×40 magnification). Imaging was performed on a black background, which is visible through the center of pellicles. Arrows indicate thickened ridges of cells. Arrowheads indicate regions of loosely packed cells. |
PMC9430658_F1_390019.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390022.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390012.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390020.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390023.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390015.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390021.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430658_F1_390026.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Audiograms and MRI image of the 10 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and acoustic neuroma (AN). (A) Pure-tone audiograms of the affected ear of the 10 patients with acoustic neuroma at the diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (air conduction). The red line represents the right ear and the blue line represents the left ear. (B) The axial cranial MRI of the 10 patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in our study. Red arrows indicate the tumor location. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390030.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390031.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390033.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390029.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390037.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390027.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390028.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390036.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390035.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430710_fig7_390034.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Traditional indigo vat dyeing processes used by Dong people in Hunan, China. (A) Burning sticky rice straw for obtaining alkaline ash. (B) Soaking sticky rice ash in buckets of water to produce “ash water.” (C) Filtering water through a sack filled with ash from sticky rice straw. (D) Settling the sack on a dyeing vat, which is later used to prepare a high-pH dye vat. (E) Several plant species are selected for fermentation in the traditional dyeing vat. (F) Crushing the selected plant species by using a hammer. (G) The crushed plant species to be added are soaked in the tap water. (H) The traditional dyeing vat is wrapped with plastic cloth to keep it warm. (I) The rice straw is folded up and placed on the surface of the dyeing liquid to protect the dye vat. (J) Indigo fermentation fluid is characterized by the formation of a thin film with a metallic luster on the surface of the liquid after the initial reduction. (K) The dyeing liquor in a reduced state. |
PMC9430713_fig5_390045.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390042.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390043.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390046.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390039.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390040.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390044.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig5_390041.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | (A) Skin biopsy of a raised erythematous lesion after benznidazole treatment, from a 49-year-old patient with normal clinical laboratory, no eosinophilia, increased transaminase, or leukopenia. H&E, original magnification, ×400. (B) Skin biopsy of the same patient showing inflammatory infiltrate of the epidermis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×400. (C) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4+ T cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), original magnification, ×400. (D) The majority of T cells in the epidermis inflammatory infiltrate expressed CD8 (×400). (E) Expression of CD1a in the epidermis and the dermis of the skin lesion (×400). (F) T-bet (arrow) in the inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis (×1,000). (G) IL-2 (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (H) IFN-γ (arrows) in the dermis inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (J) Perforin in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390055.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390054.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390050.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390056.jpg | What is shown in this image? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390053.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390051.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390049.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430713_fig6_390052.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | (A) Skin biopsy of generalized maculopapular and pustular exanthema after benznidazole treatment in a man of 29-year-old with peripheral eosinophilia. (H&E, original magnification, ×200). (B) Skin biopsy specimen of a 49-year-old woman being diagnosed with extensive maculopapular cutaneous rash after benznidazole treatment. Sections show superficial and mid-perivascular infiltrates without epidermal alteration. (H&E, ×100). (C) Inflammatory infiltrate in the interstitial and perivascular dermis with a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils. (H&E, ×400). (D) Moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis with a predominance of CD4 T cells (IHC original magnification, ×400). (E) Inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis and epidermis, with scarce CD8 intraepidermal T cells along the basal layer and at the lower half of the epidermis (×400). (F) Granzyme B in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×400). (G) Isolated CD1a+ cells in the epidermis and with predominantly perivascular distribution in the dermis superficial of the skin lesion (×400). (H) GATA-3 in the perivascular inflammatory infiltrate (×1,000). (I) IL-5 (arrow) in the perivascular infiltrates (×1,000). |
PMC9430724_fig1_390058.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Confocal microscope images of the strain Dyadobacter sp. HH091 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) (yellow arrows) in coculture with S. quadricauda MZCH 10104. A confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) Axio Observer.Z1/7 LSM 800 (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany) with ZEN software (version 2.3; Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH) was used. (A) Three-day culture. (B) seven-day culture; (C) seven-day culture, Z-Steck image. An autofluorescence quenching kit was used to lower the autofluorescence of chlorophyll of the microalga. c = chloroplast; p = pyrenoid. Bar = 5 μm. |
PMC9430724_fig1_390059.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Confocal microscope images of the strain Dyadobacter sp. HH091 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) (yellow arrows) in coculture with S. quadricauda MZCH 10104. A confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) Axio Observer.Z1/7 LSM 800 (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany) with ZEN software (version 2.3; Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH) was used. (A) Three-day culture. (B) seven-day culture; (C) seven-day culture, Z-Steck image. An autofluorescence quenching kit was used to lower the autofluorescence of chlorophyll of the microalga. c = chloroplast; p = pyrenoid. Bar = 5 μm. |
PMC9430763_fig4_390062.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Alterations in the architecture of the cell wall in the absence of WTA does not affect diffusion through it. (a) Transmission electron microcopy images demonstrating the changes that differing levels of WTA production make to the S. aureus cell wall. (b) WTA production levels do not affect dextran diffusion from the murein sacculi of the S. aureus strains producing various amounts of WTA. Murein sacculi were incubated overnight with labeled dextran, allowing their diffusion into the sacculi. The samples were then diluted in water, removing the dextran from the external environment of the sacculi, allowing the diffusion of the dextran back outside of the sacculi. The dextran diffusion was determined by measuring the fluorescence reduction of the sacculi over time. The graph represents the mean result of two independent biological repeats, and the bars represent the standard deviation. |
PMC9430814_fig2_390074.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Probiotic consortia protect colon structures and inhibit macrophage infiltration in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. (A) Representative images of H&E staining. (B) Representative images of F4/80 immunohistochemistry (IHC). |
PMC9430814_fig2_390069.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Probiotic consortia protect colon structures and inhibit macrophage infiltration in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. (A) Representative images of H&E staining. (B) Representative images of F4/80 immunohistochemistry (IHC). |
PMC9430814_fig2_390070.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Probiotic consortia protect colon structures and inhibit macrophage infiltration in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. (A) Representative images of H&E staining. (B) Representative images of F4/80 immunohistochemistry (IHC). |
PMC9430814_fig2_390078.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Probiotic consortia protect colon structures and inhibit macrophage infiltration in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. (A) Representative images of H&E staining. (B) Representative images of F4/80 immunohistochemistry (IHC). |
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