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Datasets:
DEplain
/
DEplain-web-doc

Tasks:
Text2Text Generation
Modalities:
Tabular
Text
Formats:
csv
Sub-tasks:
text-simplification
Languages:
German
Size:
< 1K
ArXiv:
Tags:
web-text
plain language
easy-to-read language
document simplification
Libraries:
Datasets
pandas
License:
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metadata
license: mit
task_categories:
  - text2text-generation
language:
  - de
pretty_name: DEplain-web
size_categories:
  - 1K<n<10K

Dataset Card for DEplain-web

Table of Contents

Dataset Description

Dataset Summary

DEplain-web (Stodden et al., 2023) is a dataset for the evaluation of sentence and document simplification in German. All texts of this dataset are scraped from the web. All documents were licenced with an open license. The simple-complex sentence pairs are manually aligned. This dataset only contains a test set. For additional training and development data, please scrape more data from the web using a web scraper for text simplification data and align the sentences of the documents automatically using, for example, MASSalign by Paetzold et al. (2017).

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

The dataset supports the evaluation of text-simplification systems. Success in this task is typically measured using the SARI and FKBLEU metrics described in the paper Optimizing Statistical Machine Translation for Text Simplification.

Languages

The texts in this dataset are written in German (de-de). The texts are in German plain language variants, e.g., plain language (Einfache Sprache) or easy-to-read language (Leichte Sprache).

Domains

The texts are from 6 different domains: fictional texts (literature and fairy tales), bible texts, health-related texts, texts for language learners, texts for accessibility, and public administration texts.

Dataset Structure

Data Access

  • The dataset is licensed with different open licenses dependent on the subcorpora.

Data Instances

  • document-simplification configuration: an instance consists of an original document and one reference simplification.
  • sentence-simplification configuration: an instance consists of an original sentence and one manually aligned reference simplification.
  • sentence-wise alignment configuration: an instance consists of original and simplified documents and manually aligned sentence pairs. In contrast to the sentence-simplification configurations, this configuration contains also sentence pairs in which the original and the simplified sentences are exactly the same.

Data Fields

  • original: an original text from the source datasets written for people with German skills equal to CEFR level B1
  • simplification: a simplified text from the source datasets written for people with German skills equal to CEFR level A2
  • more metadata is added to the dataset

Data Splits

DEplain-web contains a training set, development set and a test set. The dataset was split based on the license of the data. All manually-aligned sentence pairs with an open license are part of the test set. The document-level test set, also only contains the documents which are manually aligned. For document-level dev and test set the documents which are not aligned or not public available are used. For the sentence-level, the alingment pairs can be produced by automatic alignments (see Stodden et al., 2023).

Train Dev Test Total
Document Pairs 481 122 147 756
Sentence Pairs 1281 313 1846 3440

Here, more information on simplification operations will follow soon.

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

Current German text simplification datasets are limited in their size or are only automatically evaluated. We provide a manually aligned corpus to boost text simplification research in German.

Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

The parallel documents were scraped from the web using a web scraper for text simplification data. The texts of the documents were manually simplified by professional translators. The data was split into sentences using a German model of SpaCy. Two German native speakers have manually aligned the sentence pairs by using the text simplification annotation tool TS-ANNO by Stodden & Kallmeyer (2022).

Who are the source language producers?

The texts of the documents were manually simplified by professional translators. See for an extensive list of the scraped URLs see Table 10 in Stodden et al. (2023).

Annotations

Annotation process

The instructions given to the annotators are available here.

Who are the annotators?

The annotators are two German native speakers, who are trained in linguistics. Both were at least compensated with the minimum wage of their country of residence. They are not part of any target group of text simplification.

Personal and Sensitive Information

No sensitive data.

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

Many people do not understand texts due to their complexity. With automatic text simplification methods, the texts can be simplified for them. Our new training data can benefit in training a TS model.

Discussion of Biases

no bias is known.

Other Known Limitations

The dataset is provided under different open licenses depending on the license of each website were the data is scraped from. Please check the dataset license for additional information.

Additional Information

Dataset Curators

DEplain-APA was developed by researchers at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany. This research is part of the PhD-program Online Participation'', supported by the North Rhine-Westphalian (German) funding scheme Forschungskolleg''.

Licensing Information

The corpus includes the following licenses: CC-BY-SA-3, CC-BY-4, CC-BY-NC-ND-4, MIT.

Citation Information

[More Information Needed]

This dataset card uses material written by Juan Diego Rodriguez and Yacine Jernite.