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the effect of ac-lhrh , an lhrh fragment capable of facilitating lordosis , and lhrh on the firing rate of mediobasal hypothalamic neurons receiving input from the septal area , ( a site containing the majority of lhrh perikarya ) was studied via conventional extracellular recording techniques . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
214,
218
]
} |
a multibarrelled glass electrode assembly was lowered through the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamus to detect single units responsive to septal area stimulation , and to iontophoretically apply ac-lhrh and lhrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
95,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
214,
218
]
} |
subpopulations of murine and human lymphocytes separated by this gradient material were assayed for igm synthesis , t-cell mediated cytotoxicity , and lymphokine production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
35,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
151,
161
]
} |
the data are discussed in terms of current models of t-cell cross-reactivity and t-cell-receptor recognition . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
53,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell-receptor",
"pos": [
81,
96
]
} |
it was concluded that rmi 12,936 is antioestrogenic as well as antiprogestational , that oestrogen is necessary for induction of full hypothalamic-hypophysial responsiveness to progesterone and that a hypothalamic dopaminergic pathway may have a non-essential role in the control of ovulation possibly associated with increasing hypophysial sensitivity to lh-rh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
134,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
356,
361
]
} |
at the designated season , the animals were killed and hypothalamic areas were collected and assayed by radioimmunoassay for gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ( gnrh ) activity . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
159,
163
]
} |
the hypothalamic areas were sectioned into 54 5-mm cubes to determine the sites of gnrh storage . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
83,
87
]
} |
effect of methylene blue and thiol oxidants on pancreatic islet gsh/gssg ratios and tolbutamide mediated insulin release in vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
47,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
105,
112
]
} |
red cell 2,3-dpg , p50 , an inverse measure of oxygen affinity of hemoglobin , arterial and central venous blood gases and cardiac index were measured . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
66,
76
]
} |
radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) have demonstrated the presence of lhrh-like immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
48,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
142,
146
]
} |
these changes were not associated with alterations in serum lh and fsh and the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
79,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
92,
129
]
} |
subcellular localization of dopamine in the anterior pituitary gland of the rat : apparent association of dopamine with prolactin secretory granules . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior pituitary gland",
"pos": [
44,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
120,
129
]
} |
the human placenta in vitro releases luteinizing hormone-releasing factor ( lrf ) which is immunologically indistinguishable from hypothalamic lrf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
130,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lrf",
"pos": [
143,
146
]
} |
these data suggest that the human placenta may synthesize an lrf molecule immunologically identical with hypothalamic lrf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
105,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lrf",
"pos": [
118,
121
]
} |
in the same sedimentation runs 60 % of all recovered lymphocytes were obtained strongly depleted of monocytes ( monocyte contamination less than 0.2 % ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocytes",
"pos": [
100,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "monocyte",
"pos": [
112,
120
]
} |
furthermore , in nonoperated rats , increase of hypothalamic srif content was observed after 7 days gh administration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
48,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
61,
65
]
} |
these results indicate that growth hormone may influence the srif content of hypothalamus and it seems likely that a feedback mechanism between pituitary gh and hypothalamic srif exists . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
161,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
174,
178
]
} |
the filtration pressure reflects red cell rigidity and the amount of hb released from the disrupted cells ( 'free hb ' ) red cell fragility . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
33,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
114,
116
]
} |
the hypothalamic lh-rh content and the pituitary lh were significantly lower in the old than in the young adult animals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
17,
22
]
} |
bcg was more efficient in stimulating lymphocyte dna-synthesis and lymphokine release than any of the cp strains tested . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
67,
77
]
} |
the complex interactions of the hypothalamic releasing peptides somatostatin ( srif ) and growth hormone ( gh ) -releasing hormone ( ghrf ) , which regulate gh secretion , are still incompletely understood . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
79,
83
]
} |
the complex interactions of the hypothalamic releasing peptides somatostatin ( srif ) and growth hormone ( gh ) -releasing hormone ( ghrf ) , which regulate gh secretion , are still incompletely understood . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone",
"pos": [
90,
104
]
} |
experiments on the influence of different cytochrome p-450 inducing agents on the ratio of drug bound to hemoglobin versus hepatic proteins suggested that the reactive metabolites of apap are formed in the liver and migrate to the erythrocyte , rather than being produced by hemoglobin-catalyzed oxidation of apap . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
231,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
275,
285
]
} |
triggering of t cells by mas can be blocked by monoclonal antibodies against cd2 , cd3 and the tcr alpha/beta chain dimer . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr alpha/beta",
"pos": [
95,
109
]
} |
since all the t cell clones investigated did not show any rearrangement in the gamma 4-gene cluster , the observed high transcriptional activity in this region could be involved functionally or as an intermediate in t cell receptor rearrangement . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
14,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
216,
231
]
} |
these studies indicate that in addition to being directly immunosuppressive , corticosteroids may also induce immunoregulatory lymphocytes to secrete a suppressive lymphokine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
127,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
164,
174
]
} |
we examined the progression of ks lesions in oral mucosa and lymph nodes from patients with aids , using antibodies specific for blood vascular endothelial cells ( factor viii-related antigen ) and their basement membrane ( type iv collagen and laminin ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
204,
221
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
224,
240
]
} |
the pronounced synovial hyperplasia often found in rheumatoid joints can be explained at least partially , by the interaction of monocyte-macrophage polypeptides ( monokines ) and lymphocyte polypeptides ( lymphokines ) with synovial fibroblast-like cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
180,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
206,
217
]
} |
in order to evaluate the hypothalamic function in brain death patients , the blood levels of the pituitary hormones and hypothalamic hormones were measured , and anterior pituitary stimulation test with triple bolus injection ( trh 500 micrograms , lh-rh 100 micrograms , regular insulin 0.3-0.7 unit/kg ) was performed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0020656",
"name": "hypothalamic hormones",
"pos": [
120,
141
]
} |
in order to evaluate the hypothalamic function in brain death patients , the blood levels of the pituitary hormones and hypothalamic hormones were measured , and anterior pituitary stimulation test with triple bolus injection ( trh 500 micrograms , lh-rh 100 micrograms , regular insulin 0.3-0.7 unit/kg ) was performed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
249,
254
]
} |
6 ) the blood levels of the hypothalamic hormones ( grf , crf , lh-rh ) were measured in four cases . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
28,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
64,
69
]
} |
[ islet cell ( ica ) , insulin ( iaa ) and other autoantibodies in type i diabetic patients and their families : prevalence and clinical correlation ] . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cell",
"pos": [
2,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
23,
30
]
} |
in palmo-plantar psoriasis lc were found in the epidermis and superficial dermis and cd4+ cells were more numerous than cd8+ cells , some in turn expressing hla-dr . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
85,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0019764",
"name": "hla-dr",
"pos": [
157,
163
]
} |
this treatment initially developed by steven rosenberg and colleagues is based on both the transfusion of autologous lymphocytes preactivated in vitro using interleukin 2 and the simultaneous infusion of the lymphokine in vivo . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
117,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
208,
218
]
} |
helper strategy in tumor immunology : expansion of helper lymphocytes and utilization of helper lymphokines for experimental and clinical immunotherapy . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
as the activity of helper lymphocytes rests mostly on lymphokine release , the use of molecularly defined lymphokines mimicking t-helper functions has also been attempted . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
26,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
the patients ' monocytes were defective in il-1 production : the values were less than 1.0 % of the control monocyte values ( n = 12 ) and were in contrast with those of congenital neutropenia monocytes of 186.2 % to 204.3 % . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocyte",
"pos": [
15,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "monocytes",
"pos": [
193,
202
]
} |
while in-vitro experiments with flow models have shown a linear correlation between erythrocyte flow and laser-doppler signals , in-vivo measurements are encumbered by skin pigmentation , thickness of the epidermis , capillary morphology and capillary number , hemoglobin content and angle of incidence of the laser-doppler signal . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
84,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
261,
271
]
} |
growth hormone ( gh ) secretion by the somatotrope is under dual regulation by the hypothalamic peptides , somatostatin ( ss ) and gh-releasing hormone ( ghrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
83,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
107,
119
]
} |
growth hormone ( gh ) secretion by the somatotrope is under dual regulation by the hypothalamic peptides , somatostatin ( ss ) and gh-releasing hormone ( ghrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
83,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
131,
151
]
} |
although the precise mechanism by which the pineal regulates hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal function remains unknown , the results of the present study indicate that , in the mink , luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone axonal transport is affected by pinealectomy . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing",
"pos": [
182,
211
]
} |
previous reports suggest that a1 noradrenergic projections to the hypothalamus may have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone ( lh-rh ) , depending upon the steroid environment of the rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone",
"pos": [
140,
159
]
} |
the leucocyte surface glycoproteins cd11a ( gp160 , lfa-1 antigen , ta-1 antigen ) , cd11b ( gp155 , mac-1 antigen , okm1 antigen , mo-1 antigen ) , cd11c ( gp130 , leu-m5 antigen ) , and cd18 ( gp90 ) constitute three heterodimers with different alpha chains and a common beta chain . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023516",
"name": "leucocyte",
"pos": [
4,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0079785",
"name": "mac-1 antigen",
"pos": [
101,
114
]
} |
previous studies have suggested that the stimulatory effect of neuropeptide y ( npy ) on the release of luteinizing hormone ( lh ) in rats may be due to a central action of the peptide that promotes the release of lh-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) from the hypothalamus , and to an action in the pituitary gland , to potentiate the release of lh induced by lhrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
253,
265
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
353,
357
]
} |
activated neutrophils at effector/target ratios of 1:20 to 1:2,000 induced depletion of red blood cell ( rbc ) -reduced glutathione , increased membrane-bound hemoglobin and methemoglobin , and promoted immunoglobulin binding to the cell membrane . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
88,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
174,
187
]
} |
serum prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen have been measured in a group of 106 cases of newly diagnosed prostate cancer . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
6,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "prostate-specific antigen",
"pos": [
37,
62
]
} |
in the diabetic hamsters , hypothalamic concentrations of somatostatin and neuropeptide y were significantly reduced by 25-30 % below controls . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
27,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} |
darpp-32 , a dopamine- and cyclic amp-regulated phosphoprotein in tanycytes of the mediobasal hypothalamus : distribution and relation to dopamine and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons and other glial elements . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
94,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
151,
188
]
} |
the results were indicative of the involvement of hl-rh-synthesizing cerebral neurons with terminals in the olfactory bulbs , preoptic area and mediobasal hypothalamus in the regulation of sexual behavior , and the interaction of lh-rh-containing terminals with noradrenergic nerve endings at the level of the preoptic area . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
155,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
230,
235
]
} |
this activation may be due to the enhanced secretion of u i from the goldfish hypothalamus , suggesting that u i may be a fish corticotropin-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
78,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
127,
157
]
} |
in more than 50 % of the red cells the hb was confined to one part of the cell , leaving the other part as transparent as a hb-free ghost . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
25,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
124,
126
]
} |
isolated vesicles from both young and old red cells contained lipids , intrinsic membrane proteins ( especially band 3 ) , and haemoglobin , and they were also enriched in acetylcholinesterase ( ache ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
42,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
127,
138
]
} |
the snell dwarf mouse ( dw/dw ) shows significantly decreased somatostatin levels in the hypothalamus whereas more or less increased somatostatin concentrations are observed in any central extrahypothalamic sites studied . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} |
these opposite results in hypothalamus and extrahypothalamic areas may be linked to the apparently distinct neurohormonal and neuromodulatory functions of somatostatin in the brain . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
26,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
155,
167
]
} |
in hypothalamus , the severe defect in growth hormone of the dwarf mutant may rapidly lead , by failure of a pituitary retro-control , to a reduction in the presumed initially elevated somatostatin levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
3,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
185,
197
]
} |
placement of radiofrequency lesions in the mediobasal hypothalamus or pretreatment with anti-gnrh serum completely abolished the ability of both morphine and naloxone to modulate the number of gnrh-r . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
54,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
193,
197
]
} |
we conclude that in the bovine fetus : the endocrine pancreas synthesizes iri during all three trimesters of development ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreas",
"pos": [
43,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "iri",
"pos": [
74,
77
]
} |
in view of the high concentrations of taurine in the hypothalamus it must be considered a putative transmitter releasing srif . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
53,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
121,
125
]
} |
these drugs were used in dog thyroid slices to ascertain the role of the lysosome in thyroglobulin hydrolysis and in hormone secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
29,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
85,
98
]
} |
ontogeny of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( gnrh ) and pituitary gnrh receptors in fetal and neonatal rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
12,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
86,
90
]
} |
although it is known that lh secretion starts at 17 days of gestation in the fetal rat and that this first lh release is most likely driven by hypothalamic gnrh , an earlier role for gnrh during fetal life has been postulated with the observation that presence of gnrh is important before day 13 of gestation for the differentiation of the pituitary anlage . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
143,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
264,
268
]
} |
in summary , hypothalamic gnrh appears early in fetal life and potentially can induce differentiation of the pituitary anlage . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
26,
30
]
} |
it is concluded that the insensitivity to glucose of islet cells in insulin-deficient diabetes is not ascribed to an intra-islet insulin deficiency per se but rather to an abnormal metabolic state secondary to insulin deficiency . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
53,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
210,
217
]
} |
oil-elicited guinea-pig peritoneal macrophages ( mps ) cultured for 2-3 days in medium containing supernatant of concanavalin a-activated lymphocytes ( lymphokine , lk ) generated large amounts of hydrogen peroxide ( h2o2 ) , as detected by the horseradish peroxidase ( hrp ) -dependent oxidation of phenol red , in the absence of further stimulation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
138,
149
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
152,
162
]
} |
at high oxidant : erythrocyte ratios , taunhcl also oxidized hemoglobin ( hb ) and depleted atp , but caused little lysis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
61,
71
]
} |
at low oxidant : erythrocyte ratios , the chloramines caused net loss of gsh when no glucose was provided , but hb was not oxidized and gsh content returned to normal when glucose was added . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
17,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
112,
114
]
} |
two distinct murine monoclonal antibodies , designated ma-i and ma-ii , and limited proteolysis with thrombin and trypsin have been used to probe the structure of human platelet thrombospondin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
169,
177
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
178,
192
]
} |
the role of prl in the control of corpus luteum ( cl ) function was examined in hyperprolactinemic and euprolactinemic female rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions in which ovulatory menstrual cycles were induced by the pulsatile administration of gnrh , in intact postpartum monkeys nursing their infants , as well as in animals treated with bromocriptine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
146,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
251,
255
]
} |
normal subjects were studied to test the feasibility of a combined anterior pituitary function test using iv administration of four hypothalamic releasing hormones : ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone , human gh-releasing hormone , gnrh , and trh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
132,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
172,
203
]
} |
normal subjects were studied to test the feasibility of a combined anterior pituitary function test using iv administration of four hypothalamic releasing hormones : ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone , human gh-releasing hormone , gnrh , and trh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
132,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
235,
239
]
} |
monocytes or macrophages may be induced to produce il 1 by activators ( e.g. , lipopolysaccharide endotoxin ) that act directly or by antigens/mitogens ( e.g. , con a ) that stimulate inducer lymphocytes to release a lymphokine that stimulates macrophages . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
192,
203
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
217,
227
]
} |
in 43 patients with cancer of the lung , a number of immunologic indexes were evaluated including lymphocyte response to pha , lymphokine production , serum immunoglobulin levels and the regulatory effect of sera and t-lymphocytes on lymphokine production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
98,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
234,
244
]
} |
the endocrine thymus produces several hormone-like peptides ( generically termed thymosins ) which control development of the thymic-dependent lymphoid system and participate in the process of immune regulation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymus",
"pos": [
14,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosins",
"pos": [
81,
90
]
} |
the aim of the present study was to find out whether the basement-membrane proteins laminin and type iv collagen are involved in the development of aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement-membrane",
"pos": [
57,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
96,
112
]
} |
to do this , isolated platelets were incubated with monospecific antibodies to tsp or fibrinogen ( fib ) and the bound igg located with a second antibody adsorbed to gold particles . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} |
ultrastructural localization of human platelet thrombospondin , fibrinogen , fibronectin , and von willebrand factor in frozen thin section . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
38,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
47,
61
]
} |
so it clearly appears that sle sera contain factors acting on lymphocyte membrane and induce them to secrete new lymphokines called pnaf ( polymorphonuclear activating factors ) which may play a role in pathogenesis of tissue lesions in sle . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
113,
124
]
} |
to determine the effects of prolonged hyperglycaemia on pancreatic islet a- and b-cell function , plasma glucose was clamped for 12 h at approximately 11 and 5 mmol/l in control experiments by infusing glucose and somatostatin along with replacement amounts of insulin , glucagon , and growth hormone in seven normal volunteers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
56,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
261,
268
]
} |
both cell lines produced an extracellular matrix that contained basement membrane-specific macromolecules , including type iv collagen , laminin and proteoglycan . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
64,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
118,
134
]
} |
in the present study , we show that the antigen recognized by pmn7c3 ( pmn7 antigen ) is present on a number of neutrophil proteins , including the recently described group of related leukocyte membrane glycoproteins cr3 , lfa-1 , and p150,95 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023516",
"name": "leukocyte",
"pos": [
184,
193
]
} | {
"id": "C0079785",
"name": "cr3",
"pos": [
217,
220
]
} |
these results suggest that the effect of biotin on the t lymphocytes might be due to stimulation of protein synthesis and , perhaps , new receptors for sheep red blood cells ( srbc ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
55,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "receptors",
"pos": [
138,
147
]
} |
ductal perfusion with collagenase permits the recovery of 45 % of the islet cell mass as determined by extractable insulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cell",
"pos": [
70,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} |
suppressor cell induction factor : a new mediator released by stimulated human lymphocytes and distinct from previously described lymphokines . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
79,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
130,
141
]
} |
given that hypothalamic somatostatin is involved in the regulation of pituitary gh and tsh release , it was decided to investigate the content of immunoreactive somatostatin ( irs ) in the median eminence of dw/dw and phenotypically normal mice of the same strain . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
11,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
161,
173
]
} |
these results indicate that dn1417 has a potent and long-lasting effect in the central nervous system in stimulating the secretion of catecholamines through the autonomic nervous system , which is associated with an elevation of plasma glucose and that endogenous hypothalamic somatostatin may inhibit the action of dn1417 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
264,
276
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
277,
289
]
} |
hyperfunction of the pancreas endocrine apparatus was noted in the cervical cancer patients , and radiation therapy caused the suppression of insulin production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreas endocrine",
"pos": [
21,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
142,
149
]
} |
serological and molecular genetic analyses of t-cell clones have shown that the t-cell antigen receptor apparently comprises two glycosylated , disulphide-linked polypeptide chains ( alpha and beta ) , both of which span the cell membrane . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
46,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
80,
103
]
} |
the hypothalamic peptides , growth hormone releasing factor ( ghrf ) and somatostatin , respectively stimulate and block gh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone releasing factor",
"pos": [
28,
59
]
} |
the hypothalamic peptides , growth hormone releasing factor ( ghrf ) and somatostatin , respectively stimulate and block gh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
73,
85
]
} |
characterization of cdna and genomic clones encoding the precursor to rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
74,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing factor",
"pos": [
87,
118
]
} |
to pursue questions concerning the biosynthesis of ghrf , the expression of the ghrf gene , and its regulation in the hypothalamus by neural and hormonal influences , we have now isolated and characterized both complementary dna and genomic clones encoding rat hypothalamic ghrf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
261,
273
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrf",
"pos": [
274,
278
]
} |
islets of langerhans isolated from clonidine-treated rats showed pronounced insulin releasing capacity in response to glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islets of",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
76,
83
]
} |
results indicate that platelets from a subpopulation of tumor patients characterized by decreased platelet antithrombin activity have alterations in two platelet glycoproteins , identified as gpib and thrombospondin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
201,
215
]
} |
lep phenotype was defined in vivo by expression of milk fat globule membrane antigen and cytokeratins , whereas mep expressed basement membrane-associated type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
126,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
155,
171
]
} |
these preliminary data are consistent with the hypothesis that hypothalamic hypogonadotrophism may result from hypersensitivity of the hypothalamus to oestrogen negative feedback and that the hypothalamic potential for secretion of lhrh is unimpaired . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
63,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
232,
236
]
} |
hypothalamic somatostatin levels , as measured by ria , showed a developmental pattern similar to that of rat grf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} |
continuous stimulation of cultured chicken pituitary cells with a native chicken hypothalamic gnrh , gln8-gnrh , caused lh release , followed by rapid desensitization . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
106,
110
]
} |
hplc-pure gip ( 1-42 ) stimulated insulin release in rat isolated pre-cultured pancreatic islets in the presence of 16.7 mm glucose up to 240 % vs. control , whereas the fragment des-tyr-ala-gip ( 3-42 ) did neither increase insulin release nor exhibit antagonistic activity to gip ( 1-42 ) at 100 ng/ml . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
225,
232
]
} |
to evaluate whether the hypothalamus is the site of action of crf in inhibiting lh levels in female rats , we measured hypophysial-portal blood concentrations of immunoreactive gnrh ( irgnrh ) after the central injection of crf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
186,
190
]
} |
norepinephrine and thyrotropin stimulation of iodide efflux in frtl-5 thyroid cells involves metabolites of arachidonic acid and is associated with the iodination of thyroglobulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
70,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
166,
179
]
} |
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