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| answers
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 116 | The liver converts ethanol into: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Methanol"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetone."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Acetaldehyde"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Hydrogen peroxide."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Glycerol."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 117 | The deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "From the ribonucleotide triphosphate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "From the ribonucleotides diphosphate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "From NADPH."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "By oxidation of ribonucleotides."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "For DNA polymerase III."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 118 | Which of the enzymes contains manganese? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Glutathione S-transferase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Glutathione reductase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Peroxidated glutathione."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Superoxide dismutase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Catalase"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 119 | In which of the following types of enzymatic inhibition does the value of Vmax not decrease? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Competitive"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Not competitive"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Acompetitive"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Mixed"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It decreases in all of them."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 120 | According to the N-terminal end rule, the N-terminal residue of a protein determines: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Its folding rate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Its intracellular concentration."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Its intracellular location."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Your average life"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Your translation rate"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 121 | Glutathione fulfills everything that follows except: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a dipeptide."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Eliminates peroxides and free radicals."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Participates in the detoxification of compounds."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Acts as a cofactor of some enzymes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Protects against oxidative stress."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 122 | With respect to the characteristics of the amino acids, indicate which of the following statements is false: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Amino acids are amphoteric substances that can act as acids or bases."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The side chains of the amino acids can be apolar, polar without charge or they can be charged at certain pH values."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The side chain of the wing can undergo a process of phosphorylation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The proteins are constituted by Lamino Acids."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The amino acids Ser, Thr and Tyr can form ester bonds with a phosphate group."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 123 | COMPLETE: in the Krebs cycle 4 oxidation reactions occur, in 3 of them the final acceptor electron is ___ and in the other is ___: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "FAD / FMN."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NAD + / FMN."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NADP + / FAD."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "NAD + / FAD."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "FAD / NAD +."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 124 | The unwinding and supercoiling of DNA are controlled by the: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Helicasas"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Topoisomerases"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "DNA ligases."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Telomerases"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "DNA polymerase"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 125 | Which of the following definitions of fluorimetry is correct? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Fluorimetry is less sensitive than spectrometry."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Fluorimetry is less specific than spectrometry."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Unsaturated cyclic molecules are frequently fluorescent."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The fluorescence is directly proportional to the temperature."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None of the options is correct."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 126 | Which of the following compounds provides nitrogen atoms to the purine and pyrimidine rings? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Aspartate"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Carbamoyl phosphate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Carbon dioxide."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Glutamine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tetrahydrofolate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 127 | What will be the charge of the glutamic amino acid at pH 7? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It will not have a net charge."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It will have negative net charge."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It will have positive net charge."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Its side chain will be protonated."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Your α-amino group will be deprotonated."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 128 | The HDL: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are rich in triglycerides."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They lack minority apoproteins."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They transport cholesterol from the tissues to the liver."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are activated by A-III."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They transport essential fatty acids."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 129 | The great diversity of immunoglobulins is mainly due to the recombination of: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Epitopes."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Light chains"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Heavy chains"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Exons"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Introns"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 130 | The term isocratic is used in high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) when: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The mobile phase is at a constant temperature."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The stationary phase is in equilibrium with the mobile phase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The mobile phase consists of a single solvent with a constant composition."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The flow rate of the mobile phase is regulated."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "All the options are correct."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 131 | The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) encompasses three processes. Select sequence order: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Extension → Fusion → Denaturation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Fusion → Denaturing → Extension."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Denaturing → Fusion → Extension."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Denaturing → Extension → Fusion."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Extension → Denaturation → Fusion."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 132 | All of the following statements that describe restriction endonucleases are true EXCEPT: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They do not provide single chain ends in complementary pieces of DNA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are limited by the methylation of the recognition sequences."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They recognize palidromic sequences."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They break both chains in the DNA duplex."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are specific to short symmetric sequences."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 133 | Acetylation of histones affects transcription: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Blocking the incorporation of other components of the transcription machinery."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Preventing the remodeling of chromatin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Facilitating the action of helicases."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Decreasing sensitivity to nuclear receptors."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Reducing the affinity of histones for DNA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 134 | What group of amino acids, when they are part of the proteins, can be phosphorylated? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Val, Ser, Thr."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Phe, Ala, Gly."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Val, Glu, Asp."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Tyr, Ser, Thr."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Lys, Ser, Ile."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 135 | The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They participate in the synthesis of the TRANs."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They participate in the maturation of the precursors of the TRANs."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are responsible for the synthesis of amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are responsible for the interpretation of the genetic code."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They synthesize parts of the ribosomes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 136 | A key reaction in the regulation of gene expression is acetylation / desatethylation in the histones of some of its residues: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Serina"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Threonine"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Lysine"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Tryptophan"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "To the girl."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 137 | During DNA replication: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The two strands are synthesized continuously."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ribozymes intervene."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates are oxidized."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A primasa intervenes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The two strands remain joined by hydrogen bonds."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 138 | Which amino acid serves as a starting point for the synthesis of porphyrins (heme group)? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Valina"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "To the girl."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Asparagine"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lysine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Glycine"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 139 | What pair of modified amino acids is very common in collagen? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "4-Hydroxy-proline and 5-Hydroxy-lysine."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Histamine and 5-Methyl-lysine."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Carboxyglutamate and 4-Hydroxy-proline."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "S-Adenosyl-methionine and 5-Methyl-proline."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Methyl-Phenylalanine and Histamine."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 140 | The electron transport molecules: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are coenzymes of a nucleotide nature."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They exchange electrons in oxidation-reduction reactions."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are molecules capable of oxidation and reduction."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotides) are electron transport molecules."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "All are true."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 141 | Which of these compounds directly donates the 2nd amino group to the urea cycle? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Aspartic."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Glutamic"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glutamine"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Glycine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Ornithine"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 142 | The mitochondrial complex α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase needs all the following compounds EXEPT: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "CoA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "FAD."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NAD +."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "NADP +."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Thiamine pyrophosphate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 143 | Which of the following strands of DNA has the same nucleotide sequence (except the change of T per U) as its primary transcript? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The leading thread."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The Watson strand."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The Crick strand."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The mold thread."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The coding strand."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 144 | The term DOMAIN refers to: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The ends of the polypeptide chains of a protein."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Compact segments of globular proteins, which are structurally independent and have specific functions."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Combinations of alpha helices and beta sheets without a particular function."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Each of the individual polypeptide chains of an oligomer."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The structure of fibrous proteins."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 145 | In prothrombin, the conversion reaction of glutamate to γ-carboxyglutamate is dependent on: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Vitamin K."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vitamin D."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vitamin A."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Vitamin C."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Vitamin E."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 146 | Pyruvate carboxylase is allosterically activated by one of the following compounds, what is it? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pyruvate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetyl-CoA."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Malate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Oxalacetate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "NAD +."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 147 | Which of the following values is closest to the estimated value for the standard free energy increase of ATP hydrolysis? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "- 1.4 Kcal / mol."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "- 2.6 Kcal / mol."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "+ 3.5 Kcal / mol."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "- 7.0 Kcal / mol."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "+ 7.0 Kcal / mol."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 148 | What amino acids can be bound to a sugar by an O-glycosidic bond? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ser and Thr."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cys and Ser."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Asn and Thr."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lys and His."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Val and Leu."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 149 | In the alcaptonuria the defective enzyme can be: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dihydrobiopterin reductase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Tyrosine aminotransferase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Homogentisic 1,2-dioxygenase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Fumarilacetoacetasa."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 150 | Which of the following statements about the binding and release of oxygen by hemoglobin is correct? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "By binding to oxygen, the iron of the heme prothematic group is oxidized from Fe2 + to Fe3 +."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The decrease in pH and an increase in the concentration of BPG (2,3 bis phosphoglycerate) favor the release of oxygen by hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A high concentration of 2, 3 bis phosphoglycerate in erythrocytes promotes the binding of oxygen by hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The binding of oxygen to any of the four \"we\" occurs independently of the other three."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The binding of hemoglobin to oxygen follows a hyperbolic kinetics."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 151 | Indicate which of the following vitamins is not fat-soluble: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Vitamin E."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vitamin D."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vitamin K."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Vitamin B."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Vitamin A."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 152 | Which of the following steps is not part of gluconeogenesis? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Oxalacetate to pyruvate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Pyruvate to oxaloacetate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glucose-6-P to glucose."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fructose-1, 6-bisP to fructose-6-P."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Oxalacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 153 | The carboxypeptidases A and B: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are endopeptidases."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are excreted by exocrine cells of the intestine."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are excreted by exocrine cells of the stomach."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are synthesized by endocrine cells of the liver."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are synthesized by exocrine cells of the pancreas."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 154 | With respect to the peptide bond, indicate which of the following statements is FALSE: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It has partial character of double bond."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Form a small dipole."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Its formation involves the elimination of a molecule of water."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The peptide chain rotates freely through the peptide bond."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "In an amide link."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 155 | In collagen, what is the amino acid that is repeated every three residues? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Glycine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "To the girl."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Proline"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lysine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hydroxyproline"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 156 | An unknown enzyme that affects DNA has been isolated from E. coli. When a solution of this enzyme is mixed with supercoiled plasmid DNA, its only effect is to relax DNA. At the end of the exposure to the enzyme solution, the plasmid DNA is covalently closed and is still circular. This enzyme is one: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Restriction endonuclease."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Primasa"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Reverse transcriptase"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Helicasa"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Topoisomerase"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 157 | With respect to the control points of the expression of eukaryotic genes, indicate which of the following statements is false: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Modification of the gene structure."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Regulation of transcription."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ripening of RNA"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Maturation of DNA."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Stability of RNA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 158 | Indicate the net charge of an amino acid with a neutral R group for a pH value below its pI: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Negative net charge."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Positive net charge."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Without charge."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is necessary to know the exact pH value to answer this question."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is necessary to know the concentration of the amino acid to answer this question."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 159 | The RNA Polymerase I of eukaryotes transcribes the genes of: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The precursors of mRNAs."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The precursors of the TRANs."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The ribosomal RNAs 18S, 5,8S and 28S."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "All precursors of cellular RNAs."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The catalytic RNAs."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 160 | The degree of fluidity of the biological membranes depends on the percentage of: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Lipids with hill."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Glycolipids."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Sphingolipids"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Free fatty acids."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Unsaturated fatty acids."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 161 | Where does glycosylation take place in a eukaryotic cell? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi Apparatus."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Only in the Golgi Apparatus."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "In the mitochondria and the Golgi Apparatus."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Only in the endoplasmic reticulum."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "In the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 162 | In what type of reaction does the cytochrome P-450 of the liver typically intervene? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hydration."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Reduction."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hydrolysis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Esterification"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hydroxylation"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 164 | The clinical sensitivity of an analytical parameter (test) is defined as: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The mean concentrations of this test in healthy patients."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A pathological concentration of the test in the presence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A pathological concentration of the test in the absence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A normal concentration of the test in the absence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A normal concentration of the test in the presence of the disease."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 165 | What is the relationship between turbidimetry and nephelometry? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Nephelometry is the inverse of turbidimetry."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Turbidimetry is more sensitive than nephelometry."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Nephelometry can be measured with a conventional spectrophotometer."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Both technologies measure the dispersion of light."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Both technologies are the most sensitive and used in clinical laboratories."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 166 | How does the increase in temperature affect the reaction between antigen and antibody? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Increases the reaction rate and decreases binding affinity."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It decreases the reaction rate and increases the binding affinity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Increases the reaction rate and binding affinity."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Decreases the reaction rate and binding affinity."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None of the above options is correct."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 167 | Which of the following modifications is not part of the maturation process suffered by the precursors of the tRNAs? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Modification of bases."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Elimination of the 5'-end leader sequence."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Elimination of the final segment of the 3 'end."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Addition of CCA to the 3 'end."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Polyadenylation of the 3'-end."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 168 | The proofreading activity of DNA Polymerase: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a 5'-3'exonuclease activity."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is a 3'-5'exonuclease activity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a 5'-3'polymerizing activity."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is an endonuclease activity."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a transesterification activity."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 169 | Glycolysis is the only ATP-producing route in: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Erythrocytes"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Lymphocytes"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hepatocytes"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Neurons"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Adipocytes"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 170 | The ribonucleotide reductase: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Involved in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It uses NADPH as a coenzyme."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is an enzymatic system."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Acts in collaboration with the thioredoxin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "All the above is true."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 171 | On which of the following enzymes does citrate exert a positive allosteric effect? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pyruvate kinase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetyl CoA carboxylase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fosfofructoquinasa."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fatty acid synthetase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Enolasa"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 172 | Glucagon increases the activity of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Protein kinase A."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetyl-CoA carboxylase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Pyruvate kinase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Glycogen synthase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Fosfofructoquinasa-1."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 173 | The aminotransferases: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They participate only in the synthesis of amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They participate only in the degradation of amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They participate in the synthesis and degradation of amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Your heart levels are very low."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None of the previous answers is true."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 174 | The enzyme succinate dehydrogenase catalyses the dehydrogenation reaction dependent on: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "NADPH."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "FMN"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NAD +."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "FAD."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "CoA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 175 | Nitric Oxide (NO) is synthesized from the amino acid: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Arginine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Asparagine"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "To the girl."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Aspartate"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Valina"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 176 | One of the enzymes mentioned below does not intervene in glycogen metabolism: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Glycogen synthase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Glycogen phosphorylase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Phosphoglucomutase"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 177 | It is not included among the lipids found in biological membranes: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Isopentenyl pyrophosphate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Phosphatidylinositol."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Sphingomyelin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Phosphatidic acid."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Phosphatidylethanolamine."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 178 | A non-immunogenic low molecular weight molecule, which is when coupled to an antigenic carrier protein, is a: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Glycoconjugate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Paratope"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Isotype."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Epitope."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hapteno."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 179 | Among the many molecules of high energy phosphate compounds that are formed as a consequence of the functioning of the citric acid cycle, a molecule is synthesized at the substrate level. In which of the following reactions does it produce you? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Citrate → α-ketoglutarate."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Succinyl-CoA → succinate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Succinate → fumarate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fumarate → malate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Malate → oxaloacetate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 180 | What does it mean that hemoglobin binds O2 cooperatively? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "That the binding of an O2 molecule to a subunit of hemoglobin drives the binding of other subunits to form a complete protein hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "That the binding of an O2 molecule to a subunit of hemoglobin increases the affinity of the same subunit to bind more O2 molecules."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "That the binding of an O2 molecule to a subunit of hemoglobin increases the affinity of other subunits for O2."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "That the union of an O2 molecule to a protein hemoglobin causes the union of another O2 molecule to another protein different hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None of this is true."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 181 | The term "correction" (or editing) of the RNA refers to: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The process of self-correction of RNA synthesized by RNA Polymerase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The process of cutting and splicing the introns."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The maturation process of the 5 'and 3' ends of the RNA."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The change in the nucleotide sequence of RNA after transcription that does not obey a maturation process."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The process of repairing errors in the DNA that is going to be transcribed."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 182 | A clathrate is: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A type of covalent interaction."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The formation of a regular water network around non-polar molecules."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The formation of a regular network of water around polar molecules."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The structure of a lipid network around a protein."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A nucleoprotein complex."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 183 | The cyclic electronic flow of photosynthesis: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It uses the components of photosystem II together with plastocyanin and cytochrome b6f."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Generates ATP and NADPH."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It occurs in situations in which NADPH is in short supply."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It generates ATP without reducing NADP +."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Free O2."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 184 | The α-keratin consists of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Two dextrorotative α-propellers coiled to form a left-handed helix."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Two dextrorotary propellers coiled to form a left-handed helix."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Two levorotylar helices coiled to form a levorotatory helix."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Two levógiras α helices coiled to form a dextrorotatory helix."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "One helix α levorotatory and one dextrorotatory coiled to form a levorotatory helix."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 185 | Indicate the amino acid that, under physiological conditions, has an uncharged side chain: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Arginine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Aspartic acid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glutamic acid."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lysine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Threonine"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 186 | The clinical specificity of an analytical parameter (test), with respect to a certain pathology, is defined as: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The mean concentrations of this test in healthy patients."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A pathological concentration of the test in the presence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A pathological concentration of the test in the absence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A normal concentration of the test in the absence of the disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A normal concentration of the test in the presence of the disease."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 187 | Linolenic acid (18: 39, 12, 15) is a fatty acid: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Polyunsaturated."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Saturated."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Polysaturated"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "With triple link."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Branched."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 188 | Transcription factors: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They bind to chromatin by interaction with histone H2A."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They bind to RNA and regulate the start of transcription."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They join the DNA."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are organized into nucleosomes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They regulate DNA mutilation."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 189 | The metal that appears most frequently in the active site of metalloproteases is: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Calcium."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Magnesium."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Selenium."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Sodium."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Zinc."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 190 | The Aminoacyl-tRNAs: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are the precursors of the RANs."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are part of the ribosomes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are the tRNAs loaded with the amino acid specified by its anticodon sequence."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are synthesized by RNA Polymerase II."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 191 | Which of the following products of the degradation of triacylglycerols and subsequent oxidation can undergo gluconeogenesis? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Propionyl CoA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetyl CoA"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "All the ketone bodies."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Some amino acids"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "-Hydroxybutyrate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 192 | The standard free energy of activation of a reaction is: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The difference in free energy between the basal state of the products and the substrates."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The difference of the enthalpy minus the entropy of the system."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The basal energy of the substrates in a catalyzed reaction."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The additional free energy that molecules must reach to reach the state of transition."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The energy released from a catalysed reaction."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 193 | Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is regulated by: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Mitochondrial steroid hormones."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Apoptosis"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Thermogenin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The cytochrome c."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The cellular energy charge."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 194 | The carbon skeleton of proline enters the citric acid cycle in the form of: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Fumarate"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Isocitrate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "α-Cetuglutarate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Oxalacetate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Succinate"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 195 | The pyruvate carboxylase activity depends on the positive allosteric effector: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Succinate"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "AMP."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Isocitrate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Citrate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Acetyl CoA"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 196 | The key regulatory enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway is regulated positively by: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "NADH"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "ADP."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "GTP"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "NADP +."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "FADH."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 197 | Ribonuclease H hydrolyzes specifically: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The DNA with DNA matching complementary sequence."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "RNA with DNA matching of complementary sequence."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The RNA primer in the replication."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "RNA without pairing with DNA of complementary sequence"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Certain introns in the maturation process."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 198 | When it is said that the genetic code is "degenerate", it means that: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "There are several stop and start codons."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The genetic code of eukaryotes is different from that of bacteria."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A codon encodes several amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "None of the above options."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 199 | In the urea cycle: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Enzymes that participate are located in the mitochondria."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Genetic defects can be treated with benzoate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "An intermediate metabolite is N-acetylglutamate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lysine is synthesized."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Carbamylphosphate synthetase II intervenes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 200 | The DNA link number: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is the number of hydrogen bonds of a double-stranded DNA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is the number of optimal matings in a double-stranded DNA."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is the number of phosphoester bonds in a single-stranded DNA."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is a topological property and defines the degree of supercoiling of a DNA."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is the number of turns in double-stranded DNA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 201 | In the path that leads in the liver to acetoacetate biosynthesis from acetyl CoA, which of the following substances is the immediate precursor of acetoacetate? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "3-Hydroxybutyrate"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetoacetyl CoA."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "3-Hydroxybutyrate CoA."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Mevalonic acid."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl. CoA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 202 | Which of these compounds is a product generated directly by the pentose route? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "NADP +."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NADPH."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NADH"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "CoA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 203 | Which of these vitamins are isoprenoid compounds? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Vitamins A, B2, C and D."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vitamins A, B2 and Folic acid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vitamins A, K and biotin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Vitamins D, E and C."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Vitamins A, D, E and K."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 204 | The repeating element of the DNA structure is called: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Spiceosome"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Nucleosome"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Chromosome."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Replisome"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Primosoma."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 205 | The binding of an allosteric activator to an allosteric enzyme typically results in: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Decrease the Vmax."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The transition to a less soluble state."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Decrease the Km by its substrate."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The transition to hyperbolic kinetics."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The dissociation of its subunits."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 206 | The secretion of insulin by pancreatic cells is regulated positively by: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Inhibition of hexokinase IV."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Activation of K + channels."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Inactivation of Ca ++ channels."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "High concentration of ATP."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Low blood glucose levels"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 207 | How is it possible that during the replication of the bacterial DNA the guide (or forward) and delayed strands are synthesized in a coordinated way? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The guide strand is synthesized in the 5'-3'direction and the delayed one in the 3'-5'direction."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The holoenzyme DNA Polymerase III contains two copies of the catalytic core of the enzyme."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Proteins bound to the delayed strand control the synthesis speed of the guide strand."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Specific enzymes control the opening of the replication fork."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The helicase controls the speed of synthesis in both strands."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 208 | Point out the correct statement: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "At low pO2, myoglobin is more saturated with O2 than hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "CO2 increases the affinity of hemoglobin for O2."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "2,3 Bisphosphoglycerate is strongly bound in oxygenated hemoglobin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The tissues that produce lactate release more O 2."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "At high pO2, hemoglobin has 2 subunits."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 209 | Glucagon affects blood glucose by: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Inhibit the degradation of hepatic glycogen."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Activate hepatic glycolysis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Activate hepatic gluconeogenesis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Inhibit the mobilization of fatty acids."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Inhibit hepatic ketogenesis."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 210 | Which of these phrases about gluconeogenesis is not correct? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In gluconeogenesis enzymatic reactions different from glycolysis are used."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from precursors that are carbohydrates."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Gluconeogenesis has as main substrates lactate, amino acids, propionate and glycerol."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the cytosol."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Gluconeogenesis uses specific enzymes to avoid three irreversible reactions in glycolysis."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 211 | The particles of recognition of the signal have as function: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Break the signal sequence."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Detect cytosolic proteins."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Direct the signal sequences to the ribosomes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Link the ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Join the mRNA to the ribosomes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 212 | Which coenzyme is involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO)? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "NADH"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NADPH."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "FAD."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "CoA."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Thiamine."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 214 | The prozone effect of a turbidimetric analysis can be detected by measuring the absorbance: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "After an ultracentrifugation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Previous concentration of the sample."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "After dilution of the sample."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Once the sample was treated with SDS."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Two consecutive times."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 215 | The DNA Girasa is: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A eukaryotic Topoisomerase I."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A eukaryotic Topoisomerase II"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A prokaryotic Topoisomerase I"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A prokaryotic Topoisomerase II."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A prokaryotic Helicasa."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 216 | What enzyme is present in complex II that participates in oxidative phosphorylation? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Coenzyme Q: cytochrome c oxidoreductase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NADH dehydrogenase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Succinate-coenzyme Q reductase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "ATP synthase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cytochrome c oxidase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2013_1_Q | 2013 | chemistry | 217 | Which of the following enzyme complexes catalyzes the reduction of molecular oxygen to water during oxidative phosphorylation? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "ATP synthase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cytochrome c oxidase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NADH-Q oxide-reductase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Q-cytochrome c-oxide-reductase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Succinate-Q reductase."
}
] |
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