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| answers
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 56 | What type of receptor is responsible for activating most of the responses to the hormone T3 ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A protein G."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "An ABC protein."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A nuclear receiver."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A receiver coupled to an ion channel."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A plasma membrane glycoprotein."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 57 | Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a glycogenosis: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hexokinase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Hexosaminidase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glucose 6-phosphatase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Fructokinase"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 58 | Indicate which of the following will be the most likely diagnosis if an individual has a lipoprotein lipase deficiency: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Type I dyslipidemia"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Type IIa dyslipidemia."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Type III dyslipidemia."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Abetalipoproteinemia."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tangier disease."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 59 | The BRCA-1 gene mutation is associated with a high risk of: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Acute myocardial infarction."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Breast cancer"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Alzheimer disease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Parkinson's disease"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tay-Sach disease."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 60 | Becker muscular dystrophy is an alteration of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The skeletal muscle."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The metabolism of lipids."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The bones."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Hepatic origin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The bilirubin."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 61 | Indicate which of the following disorders is a lysosomal disease: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "GLUT2 deficiency."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "HSL deficiency (hormone-sensitive lipase)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Deficiency of LPL (lipoprotein lipase)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Basic amino acid transporter deficit."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Sphingolipidosis"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 62 | Indicate which of the following disorders will cause jaundice: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Gilbert's syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Zellweger syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Cushing's disease"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Alcaptonuria."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 63 | Indicate which of the following deficits is an alteration of the mucopolysaccharide metabolism: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pyruvate kinase deficiency."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Deficiency of branching enzyme."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Sphingomyelinase deficiency."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "N-acetylneuraminidase deficiency."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "N-acetylglucosaminidase deficiency."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 64 | Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a porphyria: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Phenylalanine hydroxylase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "21 α-hydroxylase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ferrochelatase"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Glucokinase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tyrosine hydroxylase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 65 | Indicate which of the following alterations of the metabolism can occur with gout: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Metabolism of porphyrins."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Metabolism of acid amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Metabolism of basic amino acids."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Metabolism of glycogen."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Metabolism of purines."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 66 | Indicate which of the following is a mitochondrial disease: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "α-thalassemia"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Essential fructosuria."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Leigh syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Cushing's syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Sickle cell anemia"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 67 | Indicate which of the following is an acquired corpuscular hemolytic anemia: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Deficit of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Minkowski-Chauffard disease"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Sickle-cell anaemia."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Pyruvatokinase deficiency."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 68 | As inclusion of plasma cells, the presence of: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pelger-Huët anomaly."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Alder-Reilly anomaly."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Canes de Auer."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Howell's bodies."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Russell's bodies."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 69 | The translocation t (11; 14) is characteristic of mantle lymphoma. Which fusion protein originates, capable of promoting the cells towards the S phase of the cell cycle ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "BCL-2"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Beta-2-microglobulin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Cyclin D1."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Transreticulin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "ALK protein."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 70 | Which of the following laboratory tests is of choice in the diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemias due to hot antibodies ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ham's test"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Test of Coombs."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Autohemolysis test with glucose."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Osmotic resistance test."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Electrophoresis of membrane proteins."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 71 | In a patient with sepsis and coagulopathy of consumption, which of the following analytical tests would indicate a state of hyperfibrinolysis ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Lengthening prothrombin time."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Antithrombin deficiency."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Increase in Dimero D."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Increase in protein C."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Increase in PAI-1."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 72 | The deficit of which of the following enzymes is NOT a cause of porphyria ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Protoporphyrinogen oxidase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Delta-amino levulinic synthetase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Uroporphyrinogen III cosintetase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 73 | Which of the following is a poor prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Age 1-9 years."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Phenotype B."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Karyotype with translocation 9; 22."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Leucocytosis of 25,000 / microL."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hyperploid DNA index."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 74 | Crohn's disease: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It only affects the colon."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It presents as perianal disease, with development of fistulas or abscesses."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is characterized by continuous involvement of the mucosa."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is associated with alcohol consumption."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It starts in the infant stage of the individual."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 75 | The hypertension developed in hyperaldosteronism is produced by: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Increase in blood calcium."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Desensitization of the vascular wall to the vasoconstrictors."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Greater release of adrenaline and noradrenaline."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Increase in the reabsorption of Na + and H2O."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Decrease in blood volume."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 76 | If the thyroid hormones are increased and both TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) and the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland are decreased, it is a process of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Thyrotoxicosis not hyperthyroid."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Primary hyperthyroidism."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hypophyseal hyperthyroidism."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Graves-Basedow disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Increase in gonadotropins."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 77 | Pneumothorax occurs as a result of the entry of air into: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The interstitial space."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The pleural space."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The peribronchial space."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The pulmonary circulation."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The systemic circulation."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 78 | Non-fluid, motor or expressive aphasia is associated with injuries in: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The Wernicke area."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The arched fascicle."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The motor cortex"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The Broca area."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The angular gyrus."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 79 | In chronic bronchitis, it is characteristic: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Destruction of alveolar walls."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Difficulty in the inspiratory flow."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Decrease in the volume of inspiratory reserve."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Elevation of capillary hydrostatic pressure."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Inflammation and mucosal hypersecretion of the respiratory tract."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 80 | What is allodynia ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Painful sensation triggered by non-painful stimuli."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Abnormal sensation, but not painful."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Sensation in which the patient has a high threshold of stimulation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Tingling or numbness"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Painful sensation increased in front of a painful stimulus."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 81 | What is the mechanism of action of the immunosuppressant drug everolimus ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Inhibition of the activation of lymphocytes as membrane receptors."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Inhibition of the transmission of the activation signals."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Inhibition of nucleotide synthesis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Inhibition of lymphocyte migration."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Inhibition of proliferation signals."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 82 | Which of the following antidiabetics acts by inhibiting DPP-4 and prolonging the duration of the endogenous incretins GLP-1 and GIP ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Glimepiride"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Repaglinide."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Sitagliptin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Rosiglitazone."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tolbutamide"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 83 | Which of the following antifungals is used in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and severe candidiasis including Candida krusei and Candida glabrata ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Voriconazole"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Miconazole"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ketoconazole"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fluconazole"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "1 and 3 are correct."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 84 | Which of the following antibiotics could be used in a patient with hypersensitivity to penicillin by skin tests ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Piperacillin / tazobactam"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Aztreonam"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ampicillin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Amoxicillin"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Ceftazidime"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 85 | Which of the following medications can cause renal failure in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis by inhibiting the constrictor tone of the efferent arteriole ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Acetaminophen."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Diclofenac"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Enalaprilo."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Metamizole"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Furosemide."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 86 | Why mechanism produces hyperprolactinemia haloperidol ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Blockade of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Blockade of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Blocking of H1 receivers."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Blockade of D2 receivers."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Blocking of 5-HT2 receptors."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 87 | What is the mechanism of action of octreotide ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Serotonergic receptor 5-HT4 agonist."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Motilin receptor agonist."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Somatostatin receptor agonist."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Antagonist of the motilin receptor."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Somatostatin receptor antagonist."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 88 | Which of the following drugs can alleviate the compensatory increases in heart rate and the release of renin that occur in heart failure ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Milrinona."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Digoxin"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Dobutamine"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Enalapril"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Metoprolol"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 89 | A 45-year-old man, diagnosed with hypertension, has started a monotherapy treatment to decrease peripheral resistance and prevent the retention of CINa and water. The patient has developed a persistent cough. Which of the following drugs would have identical beneficial actions to that already used, but without coughing the patient ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Losartán."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Nifedipine"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Prazosin"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Propranolol"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Enalaprilo."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 90 | Amantadine is a drug that can be used as: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Antiviral and antiparkinsonian."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Antipsychotic and antiemetic."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Anxiolytic and antifungal."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Antifungal and antiparkinsonian."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Antifungal and anti-migraine."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 91 | Observe that the liquids coming from the synthesis of chloroquine had an antibacterial activity gave rise to the discovery of the quinolones. This group of antibiotics has various characteristics such as: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Fluoroquinolones have a smaller spectrum of activity than first-generation quinolones."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The second generation quinolones are very effective against anaerobes."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fluoroquinolones are not effective against enterobacteria."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Fluoroquinolones are effective against Gram-positive but less than Gram-negative."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The third and fourth generation fluoroquinolones are not effective against streptococci or staphylococci."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 92 | Which of the following drugs obtained by means of molecular engineering techniques is not applicable in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Infliximab."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Denosumab."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Adalimumab."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Anakinra"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Etanercept."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 93 | A man suffering from bronchial asthma is undergoing a chronic treatment lasting several years with glucocorticoids. Which of the following adverse reactions detected in said patient is not due to the prolonged use of corticoid therapy ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Poor healing of wounds."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Osteoporosis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Arterial hypotension."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Thinning of the skin"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Muscular atrophy."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 94 | GnRH (ganodorelin) is a hypothalamic decapeptide that is secreted in a pulsatile manner. Lately a series of analogues have been developed that: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "All of them inhibit prolonged secretion of LH and FSH."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "All of them are GnRH receptor agonists."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Goserelin and buserelin are antagonists of the GnRH receptor."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The prolonged treatment gives rise to a typical symptomatology of an excess of gonadal steroids."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "GnRH agonists are contraindicated in prostate and breast cancer."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 95 | Ms. X is a 76-year-old patient who has suffered several falls in recent years with fractures in both arms. The diagnosis by image denotes the evidence of osteoporosis and the traumatologist decides to start a treatment with teriparatide. We must consider that: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Teriparatide is an analogue of vitamin D."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is administered in a daily dose subcutaneously."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is administered only intravenously."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Acts as a receptor agonist to vitamin D3."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It does not favor the increase of bone mass."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 97 | Mr. X is a 67-year-old patient who has been prescribed atorvastatin orally due to high cholesterol levels that have not improved after dietary measures. Among the clinical applications of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors we have: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are the drugs of choice in the case of pregnant women."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are drugs of first choice in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are not effective in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "In severe dyslipidemias, in the case of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, they should be combined with ezetimibe."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are not effective in the secondary prevention of stroke."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 98 | The akathisia produced by some drugs is directly related to receptor blockade: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dopaminergic."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Serotoninergic"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Histaminergic"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Adrenergic"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cholinergic"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 99 | Mesalazine is used in therapy in the treatment of: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Bronchial asthma in children."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The motion sickness."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The Syndrome of Gilles de la Tourette."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Crohn's disease"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The hypogonadism."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 100 | Of the antiemetic drugs reviewed, in which of them their pharmacological activity is NOT related to dopaminergic receptors ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Granisetron."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cleboprida."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Droperidol"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Tietilperazine."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Domperidone"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 101 | Of the drugs reviewed, which one is used in the prophylactic treatment of migraine ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Dihydroergotamine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Meperidine"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Flunarizine"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Chlorpromazine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Sumatriptan"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 102 | Of the drugs reviewed, which of them does NOT act on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Atenolol."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Captopril."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Minoxidil"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Eplerenone."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Aliskiren."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 103 | In the treatment of asthma can be used on demand: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Inhaled glucocorticoids at low doses."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Long-acting inhaled beta-2 adrenergic agonist."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Short-acting inhaled beta-2 adrenergic agonist."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Inhaled anticholinergics."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Inhaled disodium cromoglycate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 104 | What is the biosynthetic route of terpenes in plants ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are synthesized by the mevalonic acid route or by the fatty acid route."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are synthesized by the mevalonic acid route or by the deoxy-xylulose phosphate (DOXP) pathway also called GAP / Pyruvate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are synthesized by the mevalonic route and the sikimico route."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are synthesized by the sikimic acid route or by the deoxy-xylulose phosphate (DOXP) pathway also called GAP / Pyruvate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are synthesized by the polyacetate route."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 105 | Among other properties with respect to hypericin we can indicate: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a powerful hepatoprotector extracted from the roots of Hypericum perforatum."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is a powerful cholagogue that is extracted from the resin of the Hypericum perforatum rhizome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a removable antiretroviral of the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is a laxative that is extracted from the leaves of Hypericum perforatum."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a potent hepatoprotective present in the fruits of Hypericum perforatum."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 106 | With respect to the pharmacological activity of artemisinin (sesquiterpene lactone) extracted from Artemisia annua: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a powerful hepatoprotective."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is a powerful cholagogue."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a potent antitumor."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is a selective antimalarial."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a potent antiviral."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 107 | In an animal species, the value of the elimination rate constant of a drug with linear pharmacokinetic behavior depends on: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The route of administration."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The dose of drug administered."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The percentage of administered dose that arrives unaltered to the general circulation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The speed at which the drug reaches systemic circulation."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The distribution and elimination of the drug."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 108 | The maximum urinary excretion of a drug refers to: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The maximum concentration of unchanged drug in urine."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The maximum speed at which the drug can be excreted unchanged by urine."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The amount of urine collected after 7 biological half-lives after the administration of the drug."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The total amount of drug that is excreted unaltered in urine after the administration of a certain dose."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The amount of unchanged drug recovered in urine at 24 hours after the administration of a certain dose."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 109 | For a drug to permeate through the cornea, you must: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Be totally ionized."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Present a very high polarity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Join the lysozyme that is present in the tear fluid."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Present a certain lipophilicity and a minimum degree of water solubility."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Have weak acid character."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 110 | According to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System, a drug that has low permeability and high solubility, such as cimetidine, is a drug of: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Class I."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Class II"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Class III"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Class IV."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Class V."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 111 | What dose should you administer orally every 12 hours of a drug whose plasma clearance is equal to 1 L / h if you want to reach an average concentration of 10mg / L equilibrium? Assume complete bioavailability (F = 1): | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "120 mg."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "12 mg."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "200 mg."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "10 mg."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "With this information it is not possible to estimate the dose necessary to reach this equilibrium concentration."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 112 | How much drug has been eliminated when 3 elimination half-lives have elapsed if 100 mg of drug has been administered IV via bolus and is adjusted to a monocompartmental model with first-order elimination: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "87.5 mg."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "12.5 mg."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "75 mg."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "25 mg."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "50 mg."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 113 | What speed of perfusion of a drug should you administer to achieve a plasma equilibrium concentration of 10 mg / L knowing that it has a plasma clearance of 500 mL / h? (continuous perfusion): | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "50 mg / h."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "5 mL / h."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "100 mg / h."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "100 mg / mL."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "5 mg / h."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 114 | The independent parameter of the dissolution model, the solution efficiency, has two limitations. One of them is that the last experimental point has an arbitrary nature. What is the other limitation ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "At least 50% of the dose must be dissolved."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "At least 60% of the dose must be dissolved."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "At least 75% of the dose must be dissolved."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "At least 80% of the dose must be dissolved."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "At least 90% of the dose must be dissolved."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 115 | Which of the following factors does not influence the permeation of drugs through the stratum corneum ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Degree of ionization of the drug."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Fixation to the tear fluid proteins."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Osmolarity of tears."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Instilled volume."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Ocular Pigmentation."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 116 | Which of the following pharmacokinetic characteristics of aminoglycoside antibiotics is not correct: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are not absorbed practically in the gastrointestinal tract of normal patients."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are absorbed in patients with severe renal insufficiency."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They have a very slow distribution phase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are not metabolized."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They present a second phase of very slow elimination."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 117 | The magnitude of the steady state plasma concentration that is reached when a monocompartmental drug is administered in continuous perfusion is conditioned by: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The time the perfusion is maintained."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The relationship between the rate of drug entry into the body (mg / h) and the elimination rate constant."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The relationship between the speed of entry to the body (mg / h) and the half-life of elimination of the drug."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The relationship between the speed of entry to the body (mg / h) and plasma clearance."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The administration of a rapid intravenous shock dose at the start of treatment."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 118 | Point out the correct answer in relation to the monitoring of plasma drug concentrations: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Allergy reactions are related to the dose administered."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The extraction of the blood sample must be done once the balance of drug distribution in the organism has been reached."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The information provided by the analytical determination of plasma concentration is sufficient to perform the dosage individualization."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Only the immunoassay methods are valid for carrying out the analytical determination of the blood samples."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It must be done for all drugs that are administered intravenously."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 119 | A drug with a seemingly monocompartmental distribution pattern is administered in the form of i.v. perfusion. at a constant speed of 20 mg / h for 48 h. Once the perfusion is finished, three blood samples are taken, which, when analyzed, allow the calculation of the primary parameters of the model Kel = 0.0495 h-1, concentration at the end of the perfusion (C48h) = 5,553 μg / mL, Vd = 66 L. At what time would the steady state be reached ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "14 h."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "28 h."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "42 h."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "56 h."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "70 h."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 120 | Which of the following administration routes are commonly used for drugs of a peptide and protein nature ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Oral."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Oral, intravenous and subcutaneous."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Oral, intranasal and inhalation."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Oral, intramuscular and intranasal."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 121 | Which of the following pharmacokinetic characteristics of rosiglitazone is NOT correct ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It has a bioavailability of 99%"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The inactive metabolites are eliminated by urine after conjugation or in the form of sulfates."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It should not be prescribed in patients with liver disease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is necessary to readjust your dosage in the presence of kidney disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It should not be prescribed to the nursing mother."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 122 | One of the following enzymes is classified as MAL: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Lactate dehydrogenase - Oxidoreductase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Chymotrypsin - Hydrolase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fumarasa - Liasa."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - Ligase"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Nucleoside monophosphate kinase - Isomerase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 123 | Insulin decreases the expression of the gene: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Fosfofructoquinasa-1."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Pyruvate kinase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Pyruvate dehydrogenase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Acetyl-CoA carboxylase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 124 | Hepatic glycolysis differs from muscle glycolysis in that: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A low blood glucose concentration results in the inhibition of hepatic pyruvate kinase but not of muscle."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Hexative hexokinase has more affinity for glucose than muscle hexokinase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The glycolytic enzymes in the liver are located in the cytoplasm, while in the muscle they are in cytoplasms and mitochondria."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Hepatic glycolysis is anaerobic, while muscle glycolysis is aerobic."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The final product of hepatic glycolysis is acetyl-CoA, while in muscle glycolysis that pyruvate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 125 | What two non-protein amino acids participate in the urea cycle ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Proline and hydroxyproline."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ornithine and citrulline."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Alanine and arginine."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Oxalacetate and malate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Serine and GABA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 126 | Heparin is: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A plasma protein with no net charge with coagulant function."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A glycosaminoglycan with high density of sulphate groups in its structure and anticoagulant function."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A protease that facilitates the transformation of prothrombin into thrombin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "An extracellular matrix protein with no net charge, which gives rise to highly viscous solutions with a lubricating function."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A homopolysaccharide with anticoagulant function thanks to the high density of positive charges in its structure."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 127 | Protein kinase A (PKA): | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It induces the synthesis of glycogen in response to an increase in glucagon in the blood."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is a membrane protein that is activated in response to an increase in circulating GTP."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is activated through the cAMP produced in response to an increase in adrenaline in the circulation."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It inhibits the lipolysis of triacylglycerides accumulated in adipose tissue, in response to an increase in intracellular cAMP."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a monomeric protein that inhibits the synthesis of ATP and muscle contraction."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 128 | Malonyl-CoA produced in | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "the beta-oxidation of fatty acids, inhibits the fatty acid synthase complex."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "the citric acid cycle inhibits beta-oxidation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "the respiratory chain, inhibits the absorption of lipids during digestion."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "the synthesis of fatty acids, inhibits beta-oxidation."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "the synthesis of triacylglycerides, inhibits the production of cholesterol."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 129 | Which coenzyme acts as an inhibitor of the citric acid cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle): | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Lipoic acid."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ascorbic acid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Biocytin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Coenzyme Q."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "NADH + H +."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 130 | Glucocorticoids are hormones that are synthesized from: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Cholesterol."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Glucose."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glucagon."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Insulin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hill."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 131 | The oxidation of fatty acids in cells of higher plants takes place in: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Endoplasmic reticulum."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Chloroplasts"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Peroxisomes"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Citosol"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Mitochondria"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 132 | One of the following types of transport through membranes does NOT exist: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ion transport facilitated by ionophore (against electrochemical gradient)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Facilitated diffusion (in favor of electrochemical gradient)"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Primary active transport (against electrochemical gradient)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ionic channel (in favor of electrochemical gradient)."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Simple diffusion (in favor of concentration gradient)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 133 | One of the following coenzyme ratios with chemical groups transferred is NOT correct: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Biocitin - CO2."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Coenzyme A - acyl groups."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Flavin adenine dinucleotide - electrons."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Thiamine pyrophosphate - amino groups."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Tetrahydrofolate - monocarbonated groups."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 134 | The structure of one of the following globular proteins is mostly in alpha helix and lacks beta sheet: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Myoglobin"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Chymotrypsin"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ribonuclease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lysozyme"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Carboxypeptidase"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 135 | How many macromolecular complexes form the electronic transport chain ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "6 macromolecular complexes."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "5 macromolecular complexes."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "4 macromolecular complexes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "3 macromolecular complexes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "2 macromolecular complexes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 138 | All components of the respiratory chain: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They pump protons."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They exchange electrons."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They are high molecular weight complexes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are membrane proteins."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are soluble."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 139 | Which of the following sequences is added during the maturation or processing of the eukaryotic transfer RNA ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Splicing site 5 'of the intron."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "CCA sequence of amino acid charge."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Anticodon"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "3 'splicing site of the intron."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Leading sequence of the 5 'end."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 140 | Histone deacetylases (HDAC) promote: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A less condensed chromatin."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A weaker link between histones and DNA in nucleosomes."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The acetylation of lysine residues in histones."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "That the poly (A) tail of the histone messenger RNAs be more extensive."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The termination of the transcription and the genetic silencing."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 141 | The mission of the spliceosome is: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ensure that the transfer RNAs adopt the trefoil configuration."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Prevent ribosomes from entering the nucleus."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Perform polyadenylation of messenger RNA (mRNA)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Degrade defective proteins."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Facilitate the maturation of the mRNA precursor, since it approximates the splice points."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 142 | The primosome: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is also called primasa or Dna G protein."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is the complex responsible for the synthesis of the Okazaki fragments."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a bacterial DNA ligase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is located in the mitochondria."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a functional unit of the bacterial replication complex."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 143 | In the replication of the eukaryotic genes it participates: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The Dna A and Dna B proteins"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The complex of six proteins called ORC."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The eight protein complex called Dam methylase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The MutL-MutS complex."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The MutH complex."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 144 | The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of eukaryotes and prokaryotes is inhibited by: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Rifampicin"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "α-Amanitin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Oligomycin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Streptomycin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Actinomycin D."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 145 | In protein biosynthesis, base pairing takes place during the translation process between: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "RNA and DNA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "DNA and ribosomal RNA."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The transfer RNA and the ribosomal RNA."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The messenger RNA and the transfer RNA."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "18S ribosomal RNA and 5S ribosomal RNA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 146 | The synthesis of a human protein by a bacterium, to which human DNA has been introduced, demonstrates that: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Evolution can be questioned."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Bacteria can acquire nucleus."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The genetic code is universal."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The human proteins are identical to the proteins of the bacteria."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The bacteria can be pathogenic."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 147 | What consequence of RNA bases will be produced when the AGGCCTTTACGC DNA fragment is transcribed ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "TCCGGAAATGCG."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "AGGCCUUUACGC."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "UGGCCUUUUGCG"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "UGGCCUUUUCGC."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "UCCGGAAAUGCG."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 148 | The RISC complex (RNA-induced silencing complex) of RNA silencing based on interference RNA: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It degrades the guide strand of the small interfering RNA molecules (siRNA)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It recognizes defective proteins and promotes their degradation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It has a structure similar to the ribosome, formed by numerous RNAs and proteins."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is formed, among others, by the Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is part of both the interference mechanism of the siRNA and the microRNA."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 149 | What type of enzymatic activity does primase present in DNA replication ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "RNA polymerase"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Helicasa"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "DNA polymerase"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "RNA ligase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "DNA ligase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 150 | Analyzing several DNA polymerases involved in the replication of E. coli, one of them was found that had low processivity and low synthesis speed, what enzyme could be treated ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "DNA pol I."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "DNA B."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "DNA pol III."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Primasa."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "DNA gyrase."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 151 | Ribosomes have three binding sites for the transfer RNAs (RNAs), which are: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Site A of acetyl, P of propyl and E of ethyl."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A site of aminoacyl, P of peptidyl and E of exit (from English, exit)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A site of aminoacyl, peptidyl P and transferase T of the peptide."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Site A of previous, P of posterior and E of entry (of English, entry)."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A site of aminoacyl, peptidyl P and terminating T."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 152 | Given three DNA molecules of the same length (A, B and C) and in the same solvent, but with different richness in terms of G + C content (A: 50%, B: 60%, and C: 75% ), How would your melting temperatures (Tm) be ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A> B> C."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Being in the same solvent, they would be the same in all three cases."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The DNA molecule C would not belong to a thermophilic bacterium, given its lower Tm."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "C> B> A."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "You can not know with the information of the statement."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 153 | In which part of the cell is ribosomal RNA synthesized ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Nucleolo."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ribosomes"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Vacuolas"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Golgi apparatus."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Endoplasmic reticulum."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 154 | The differential modification of RNA: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It can result in multiple products from one gene."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It occurs thanks to the transcription bubble."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is catalyzed by RNA polymerase I."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is catalyzed by RNA polymerase II."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is catalyzed by RNA polymerase III."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 155 | The structures of the condensed chromosomes are maintained by: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Topoisomerases"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Nucleolus proteins."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fragments of Okazaki."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "SMC proteins."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "DNMT1 protein."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 156 | The altered or minority nitrogenous bases: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "They are not detected in DNA."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "They are not detected in the RNA."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "They protect genetic information."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "They are not detected in the tRNA."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "They are not able to mate."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 157 | In a determination of the activity of an enzyme, the depletion of the substrate: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is essential for most trials."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It may give falsely low results in sera with high enzymatic activity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It occurs when the reagent is finished."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It occurs due to a defect in the spectrophotometer."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It can lead to falsely elevated results in sera with high enzymatic activity."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 158 | From the following answers, which best defines a patient with microalbuminuria: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Presence of renal disease in the terminal stage."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Nephrotic disease"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Predictive diabetic nephropathy."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Glomerulonephritis"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Orthostatic proteinuria"
}
] |
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