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large_stringlengths 5
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| answers
large list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 159 | What the term "Serum Index" refers to: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Quantitative determination of hemoglobin, bilirubin and lipids present in a serum sample."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A set of tests that can be performed in a biochemical analyzer."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A record of specific batch calibrations."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A list of reference values referred by age, sex and race."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A list of preservatives that can be used to keep the serum samples for longer."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 160 | Synovial fluid from patients with gout often contains: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hippuric acid crystals."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Tyrosine crystals."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Triple phosphate crystals."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Urate crystals."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Calcium oxalate crystals."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 161 | The syndrome of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is characterized by: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hyponatremia"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Hypovolemia"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Concentrations of sodium ion in urine less than 20 mmol / L."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Osmolality in urine less than serum osmolality."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "High concentrations of calcium ion."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 162 | The determination of the concentration of one of the following proteins in serum can give us information of a possible hemolytic anemia. Indicate which: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Transferrin"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Hemosiderin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ceruloplasmin."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ferritin."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Haptoglobin."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 163 | Being the standard deviation and the number of data, the standard error of the mean, Sm, of a data set is: √𝑠 | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "𝑆𝑚 = 𝑁 ."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "𝑆𝑚 = 𝑠 𝑁 . 𝑁"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "𝑆𝑚 = √𝑠 . √𝑠"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "𝑆𝑚 = √𝑁 . 𝑠"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "𝑆𝑚 = √𝑁 ."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 164 | The extraction technique that is used for gas chromatographic determinations in which the analyte is desorbed or thermally desorbed is called: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Liquid-liquid extraction."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Extraction in solid phase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Microextraction in solid phase."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Subextraction in solid phase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Crystallization."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 165 | The cyclotron ion resonance by Fourier transform is the basis of: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A mass ionization system useful for elementary analysis."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A system of atomization that is applied in atomic absorption for elements capable of generating hydrides."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A mass analyzer."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A system for introducing the sample in plasma emission spectrometry."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A detector system in mass spectrometry."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 166 | Affinity chromatography is characterized because: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a modality of gas chromatography."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is similar to paper chromatography."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a separation process based on the very selective or specific interactions that exist between biological macromolecules."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is a technique of separating compounds according to their molecular weight."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a variant of chromatography that employ relatively non-polar stationary phases and more polar solvents, in contrast to normal phase chromatography."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 167 | In what chromatographic mode is the stationary phase formed by solid particles with controlled pore size? : | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Chromatography of distribution in normal phase."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Distribution chromatography in reverse phase."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ion pair chromatography."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ion exchange chromatography."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Chromatography of molecular exclusion or size."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 168 | The generation of the cold vapor is a form of introduction of the sample for the atomization that is used in atomic absorption spectrometry (EAA) to analyze: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Lead and Arsenic."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Mercury."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Elements that have a low vapor pressure at room temperature."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Halogens of high molecular weight."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Alcalinotérreos."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 169 | In certain cases it is necessary to carry out previous treatments with oxidizing or reducing agents in redox evaluations in order to: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Transform the analyte to an adequate oxidation state for subsequent evaluation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ensure that all the analyte is in solution."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Prepare the indicator solution so that it correctly rotates at the end point."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Make the reaction between titrator and analyte complete."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Improve the accuracy of the assessment."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 170 | The quality of a spectrum can be defined: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Based on the relationship between the intensities of the bands containing information (S) and noise (R)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Based on the selected wavelength."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Only in function of the analytical signal."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Depending on the relationship between wavelength and noise."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Based on very low frequency noise."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 171 | The absorbance of a medium solution at the isosbestic point is that determined to: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The wavelength at which the molar absorption coefficients of two absorbent species in chemical equilibrium, interconvertible to each other, are equivalent."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The wavelength at which the molar absorption coefficients of two absorbing species in chemical equilibrium are not equivalent."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The wavelength at which the acid form of an indicator is maximum."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The wavelength at which the acid form of an indicator is minimal."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The wavelength of the species that participate in the equilibrium when it is displaced towards longer wavelengths."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 172 | The use of the standard addition method in the calibration of an instrumental analysis method is recommended: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Whenever possible"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "When analyzing complex samples in which important matrix effects are likely to occur and you want to minimize them."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "When you want to determine very high concentrations of analyte."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "When you want to use a dilution factor."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "In automated acid-base volumetries."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 173 | 𝐸𝑎 According to the Arrhenius equation, k = 𝐴𝑒 𝑅𝑇 | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The kinetic constant (k) decreases with increasing temperature."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The pre-exponential factor (A) is dimensionless."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "In reactions with higher activation energy (Ea), the kinetic constant (k) depends enormously on the temperature."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The pre-exponential factor (A) and the kinetic constant (k) are inversely proportional."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The Arrhenius parameters are the kinetic constant (k) and the preexponential factor (A)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 174 | The ethanol-water mixture has an azeotrope, this means that: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "From a certain concentration, the two liquids are immiscible."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The mixture has a minimum co-solution temperature."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Both components comply with Raoult's law."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The mixture is frozen at a single temperature."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Once the azeotropic composition is reached, the two liquids can not be separated by distillation."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 175 | When dissolving a non-volatile solute in a solvent forming a diluted solution, it is observed: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "An increase in the freezing temperature of the solvent."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "An increase in the boiling temperature of the solvent."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "An increase in the vapor pressure of the solvent."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "An increase in the chemical potential of the solvent."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "A change in colligative properties depending on the type of solute."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 176 | The triple point of water is at 273.16 K and 611 Pascals: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In no other combination of pressure and temperature it is possible to find the three phases of water in equilibrium."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Under these conditions, liquid and vapor become indistinguishable."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The sublimation process occurs at a pressure greater than 611 pascals."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is not possible to find steam above 611 Pascals."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is not possible to find water in solid state below 273.16 K."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 177 | A spontaneous process is characterized because: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "In isolated systems the entropy decreases (ΔS <0)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "At constant pressure and temperature, the Gibbs energy decreases (ΔG <0)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "At constant pressure and temperature, the Helmholtz energy decreases (ΔA <0)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "At constant volume and temperature, the Gibbs energy increases (ΔG> 0)."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is reversible."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 178 | The work of expanding a gas (W): | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a state function."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Equivalent to the heat associated with the process (Q)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Against constant pressure it is calculated with W = -Pext ΔV."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "In a reversible isothermal process it is calculated with W = -nRTΔV."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Equivalent to the internal energy change during the process (ΔU)"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 179 | The black indicator of Eriochrome T (N.E.T.) has the following colors depending on the pH: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "H2In¯rojo, HIn2- blue, In3- orange and when complexed with metal it is red."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "H2In¯azul, HIn2- red, In3- orange and when complexed with metal it is red."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "H2In¯rojo, HIn2- blue, In3- red wine and when complexed with metal it is orange."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "H2In-red, HIn2- orange, In3- blue and when complexed with metal it is orange."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "H2In¯azul, HIn2- orange, In3- red and when complexed with metal is orange."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 180 | In the treatment of an overdose of paracetamol is used: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Flumazenil."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Edetato sodium calcium."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Pralidoxime"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "N-acetylcysteine."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Nitro of amyl."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 181 | The toxicological interest of the hair is due to: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "His analysis allows to know the toxic exposure in the past."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The change in their coloration can facilitate the diagnosis of poisoning."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It constitutes an effective protective barrier against the action of corrosives."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Its growth is interrupted by the chronic consumption of amphetamines."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hair analysis is of no interest in Toxicology."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 182 | The carcinogenic action of Benzo (a) pyrene: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is due to the production of oxygen free radicals."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is due to its biotransformation in a dihydrodiol."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is due to its biotransformation in an epoxide."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It increases in tissues rich in epoxide hydrolase."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It diminishes in tissues rich in cytochrome P450."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 183 | Aminoglycosides can produce: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Hepatotoxicity"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Hematological abnormalities."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Adrenal toxicity."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ocular toxicity."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Kidney toxicity."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 184 | The Iperite or mustard gas is a: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Vesicant agent."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Biological weapon"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Phytotoxic agent."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Incendiary agent"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Neurotoxic agent."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 185 | The value of the admitted daily intake (ADI) of a food additive can be calculated from the following previously obtained data in animals: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Level with no observed adverse effect (NOAEL)."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Lower level with observed adverse effect (LOAEL)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Safety margin (MOS)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Toxic interval (IT)."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Toxicity limit value (TLV)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 186 | In toxicology, the probability of adverse effects, harmful to health, from exposure to a toxic agent is known as: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Danger."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Exposition."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Risk."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Answer."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Effect."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 187 | The excitotoxins activate: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Nicotinic receptors"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "GABAA receptors"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Glycine receptors."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "NMDA receivers."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Na + channels dependent on voltage."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 188 | The main method for the preparation of βceto esters is the reaction known as: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Malonic synthesis"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acetoacetic synthesis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Condensing of Claisen."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Perkin reaction."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Hofmann reaction."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 189 | The reaction of Diels Alder is an example of reaction: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Concerted and stereospecific."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Nucleophilic substitution of order 2."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Nucleophilic substitution of order 1."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Condensation polymerization."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Nucleophilic addition."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 190 | The p-nitrobenzoic acid is: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Less acid than benzoic acid."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Less acid than p-methoxybenzoic acid."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "More acid than benzoic acid and with lower pKa."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "More acid than benzoic acid and with higher pKa."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Less acid than p-methoxybenzoic acid and with lower pKa."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 191 | The reaction of bromine and cyclopentene leads to the production of 1,2-dibromocyclopentane by a mechanism: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Of anti addition."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Of addition syn."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Substitution SN1."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Substitution SN2."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Of elimination."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 192 | The Grignard reagents attack the epoxides to give, after the appropriate hydrolysis: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Carboxylic acids."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Cyclic amides."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Open aliphatic chains."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Open-chain alcohols."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cyclic ethers."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 193 | Esters can be obtained from carboxylic acids and alcohols, by applying the Fischer esterification reaction in which: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A base is used as a catalyst."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "A ketone is used as the solvent."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A reducing reagent is used."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "An oxidizing agent is used."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Acid catalysis is used."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 194 | Which of the following diatomic molecules has the lowest binding energy ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "N2"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "H2."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "I2."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "O2."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cl2."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 195 | Which of the following substances is used as a catalyst in the Contact Process during the manufacture of sulfuric acid ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "RuO2."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "V2O5"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Cr2O3."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "RhO2."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "PdO."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 197 | Which of the following molecules has the highest dipole moment ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "HCI."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NH3."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "HF."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "CO2"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Trans-CHCI = CHCI."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 198 | Which of the following molecules has at least a 90º angle ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "H2O."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NH3."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "CH4"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "SF4."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "BF3."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 199 | Which of the following molecules has the smallest bond angle ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "H2O."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NH3."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "CH4"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "SO2."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "BF3."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 200 | Which statement is true in relation to the Electron Repulsion Model of the Valencia layer applied to AB n molecules: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The AB2 molecules are always linear."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The AB6 molecules are always octahedral."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The AB3 molecules are always triangular."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The AB4 molecules are always tetrahedral."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The AB5 molecules are always trigonal bipyramidal."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 201 | What cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus synthesize and store renin ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The cells of the macula densa."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The mesangial cells."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The main cells."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The juxtaglomerular cells."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The cells interspersed."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 202 | The thalamus is part of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The diencephalon"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The mesencephalon."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The telencephalon."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The metencephalon."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The bulb."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 203 | What muscle has one of its origins (proximal insertion) in the coracoid process of the scapula ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The triceps brachii."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The deltoid"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The trapeze."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The supraspinatus."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The biceps brachii."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 204 | The only autonomic adrenergic fibers are axons of neurons: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Sympathetic preganglions."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Postganglionic sympathetics."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Preganglionic parasympathetic."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Postganglionic parasympathetic."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Parasympathetic ganglion."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 205 | The pterygoid process belongs to the bone: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ethmoid."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Zygomatic"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Temporary."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Sphenoids"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Scapula."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 206 | Which of the following structures belongs to the peritoneum ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The dura mater."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The greater omentum."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The pleura"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The pericardium."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The spleen"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 207 | We want to compare the means of two populations that follow normal distributions and have the same variance. We take two samples of size n1 and n2. When constructing a confidence interval we will have to calculate a value t for a Student's T distribution with: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "2 degrees of freedom."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "n1 + n2 - 2 degrees of freedom."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "(n1 + n2) - 1 degrees of freedom."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "(n1 x n2) / 2 degrees of freedom."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Degrees of freedom calculated with the formula of Welch or Smith-Satterwhite."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 208 | Which of the following statistics is NOT affected by outliers in a sample ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Sample mean."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Standard deviation."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Variance"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Interquartile range."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Rank."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 210 | We take sample of five individuals to whom we measure the LDL cholesterol value (mg / ml) obtaining: 180, 203, 104, 90 and 165. What is the median of this sample ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "180"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "203"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "104"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "90"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "165"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 211 | The utility value corresponding to a state of health, which can be used later in a cost-utility study, generally has a value: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Between 0 and 1."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Between 0 and 10"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Between 0 and 100."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Between -10 and +10."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Between -100 and +100."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 212 | The objective of using the economic evaluation in the decision making process regarding drug financing is: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Decrease spending on medicines."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Be more efficient"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Be more effective"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Use the safest drugs."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Use the drugs with the best benefit-risk balance."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 213 | Indicate the correct option regarding the defined daily dose of a medicine: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Corresponds to the maximum daily dose."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Corresponds to the initial dose of a treatment."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Corresponds to the maintenance dose for the indication that requires a lower dose."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Corresponds to the average daily maintenance dose."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Corresponds to the initial dose for the main indication."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 214 | A medicine produced and guaranteed by a pharmacist, or under his direction, dispensed in his pharmacy or pharmacy service, listed and described by the National Form, and intended for direct delivery to the sick to whom such pharmacy or pharmaceutical service supplies is: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Master formula"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Prepared office."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Prefabricated medication"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Intermediate product."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Medical device."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 215 | Free samples of industrially manufactured medicines are considered exceptional publicity; as such, they will only be delivered during a maximum time of: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "One year from the date of authorization of the medication."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Five years from the date of authorization of the medication."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Six months from the date of authorization of the medication."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Two years from the date of authorization of the medication."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "One month from the date of authorization of the medication."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 216 | Pharmaceutical planning, in Spain, is the responsibility of: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The municipal authorities."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The Interterritorial Council of the National Health System."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The county entities."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "The state administration."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The autonomous communities."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 217 | The molecules of the CD1 family (CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, CD1d and CD1e) are expressed in: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "All the cells of the organism."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Only in dendritic cells."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Only in macrophages."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Only in monocytes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Some thymocytes, in dendritic cells, in monocytes and macrophages."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 218 | The DiGeorge syndrome is linked to: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "A defective development of the thymus."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "An alteration of the secondary lymphoid tissue."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "An alteration of the M cells"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "A maturation defect of B lymphocytes"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "An alteration in the regulatory systems of the complement."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 219 | In relation to the physiology of the complement system, one of the following statements is false: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Most of its components are inactive."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Its mode of activation is similar to the coagulation cascade."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is subject to strict control of regulatory mechanisms."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is only activated by two different routes: the classical and the alternative."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "During its activation, multimolecular complexes are formed."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 220 | The CD40 ligand molecule (CD40L or CD154) is expressed in: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Virgin T lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Activated T lymphocytes"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "NK lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Virgin B lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "B activated lymphocytes."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 221 | The maturation process for the dendritic cell involves important changes in its physiology, such as: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Decreased expression of the CCR7 marker."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Reduction of endocytic capacity."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Decreased expression of histocompatibility molecules."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Synthesis of IL-13."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Reduction of CD40 expression."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 222 | Only one of the following cell types synthesizes interleukin IL-12; which one?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Cytotoxic T lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "NK cells."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Myeloid dendritic cells."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Helper T lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Endothelial cells"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 223 | In which of the following cell types is the CD3 complex ?: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "T lymphocytes."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "B lymphocytes"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Eosinophils"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Follicular dendritic cells."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Endothelial cells"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 224 | The different subpopulations of effector T lymphocytes secrete different cytokines. Which of the following statements is false?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "TH1 lymphocytes secrete IL-3."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "TH17 lymphocytes secrete IL-6."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "TH2 lymphocytes secrete IFN-gamma."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Cytotoxic T lymphocytes secrete TNFalpha."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The regulatory T lymphocytes secrete IL-10."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 225 | The MIC-A protein, expressed in various cell types and induced by cellular stress situations, is recognized by: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "KIR receivers."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The NKG2D receptor."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "B lymphocytes"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "NOD type receivers."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 227 | Patient with polyuria and polydipsia with a specific urine density greater than 1.040. From the following options indicate the most probable diagnosis: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Alcohol intoxication"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Suppression of ADH (vasopressin) by barbiturates."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Mellitus diabetes."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Lithium toxicity that causes diabetes insipidus."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Central deficit of ADH (vasopressin)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 228 | Which of the following heterocycles is considered a bioisosterer of the catecholic system ?: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pyridine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Indole."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Tetrazol"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Thiophene"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Benzimidazole"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 229 | Suppose that 40% of patients respond to treatment A. The average cost with A for the patients who respond is € 2,000 per patient. The average cost with A for patients who do not respond is € 5,000. What is the expected cost of treatment A for a patient ?: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "€ 2,000"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "€ 3200"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "€ 3500"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "€ 3,800."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "€ 5,000"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 230 | Woman 63 years old, hypertensive. When beginning the pharmacological treatment their glycemic values worsen. The antihypertensive pharmacological treatment that this situation may have caused will be: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Fosfinopril."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Atenolol."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hydrochlorothiazide."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Valsartan"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Amlodipino"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 231 | The following metals can be determined by complexometric or chelometric titration: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "All without exception."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "All except transition metals."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "All except lithium, sodium and potassium."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "All except alkaline earth metals."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "All except gold and silver."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 232 | In pharmaceutical practice, office alcohol is used that meets the conditions for pharmaceutical use and thus qualifies alcohol: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Of 95º or alcohol of 96º that owns to the exit of factory."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "95º or 95º alcohol that it has at the factory outlet."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Of greater disinfecting and bactericidal power."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Of 100º."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Of greater disinfecting power although not bactericidal."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 233 | What are the cells of the gastric glands that secrete intrinsic factor called ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Main."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Parietals"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Mucous"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Endocrine"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system (SNED)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 234 | Within the field of bacteriology, what statement is valid in relation to the phenomenon of phage conversion ?: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is a consequence of infection by a lytic phage."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It does not imply genotypic alterations."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It involves the lysogenization of the bacteria by a phage."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It does not imply phenotypic alterations."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a specialized process of conjugation."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_F | 2014 | pharmacology | 235 | Which of the following statements is true with respect to the alkaloid morphine ?: | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from straw of Papaver somniferum."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It is a benzylisoquinol alkaloid extracted from latex of Papaver somniferum."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It is a tracheal alkaloid extracted from leaves of Papaver somniferum."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is a quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from capsules of Papaver somniferum."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is a pyrrolidinic alkaloid extracted from roots of Papaver somniferum."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 1 | Question linked to image nº1 An 80-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department for acute abdominal pain that is accompanied by hypotension, tachycardia and fever of 38ºC. Between its antecedents it emphasizes a resection of left colon by carcinoma seven days before. After the initial resuscitation, a simple chest radiograph (shown) is performed, which is diagnostic of: | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Pneumoperitoneum"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Intestinal obstruction."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Strangled crural hernia."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Left pneumothorax"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Mesenteric ischemia."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 2 | Question linked to image No. 1 In the same patient, from the observation of the chest x-ray, it can be deduced: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "That the patient has pulmonary metastases."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Suspected nosocomial pneumonia."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "A failure (dehiscence) of the colonic anastomosis should be considered."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Suspicion of PET"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "You have an infection of the surgical wound."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 3 | Question linked to image nº2 A 65-year-old man with a personal history of chronic alcoholic liver disease in functional stage A of Child in treatment with ibuprofen due to low back pain, presents a picture of red blood hematemesis. Upon his arrival at the emergency room, he presented a blood pressure of 120/60 mm Hg. In the analytical sample, hemoglobin 10 gr / dL, platelets 250,000 / μL, urea 85 mg / dL and creatinine 1.1 mg / dL are the most important data. Urgent endoscopy is performed showing the image. Given these findings, what is the correct answer: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It is only necessary to carry out transfusion of packed red cells and monitor the hemodynamic stability of the patient."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The endoscopic findings suggest a Forrest III classification."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The placement of bands is the endoscopic treatment of choice since it is a patient with liver disease."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It is necessary to perform an endoscopy at 12 o'clock to monitor the possibility of rebleeding in a systematic way."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It is necessary to perform endoscopic treatment with adrenaline 1: 10000 associated with the placement of an endoclip."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 4 | Question linked to image no. 2 In the case described above and regarding pharmacological treatment, which is the correct statement. | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "The pharmacological treatment is not necessary since the bleeding lesion has been identified."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "The ideal treatment for this patient is perfusion of somatostatin since it is a hepatopathic patient."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The use of omeprazole at high doses reduces the recurrence of bleeding."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Ranitidine is the drug of choice to avoid pharmacological toxicity when dealing with a patient with chronic liver disease."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is the first measure to be taken."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 5 | Question linked to image nº3 58-year-old liver transplant patient with HCV + cirrhosis. After an uncomplicated postoperative period, the patient is referred to his home. Six weeks after the transplant, he was visited in the outpatient clinic, with a low grade of fever, a worsening of the general condition, a GOT level of 60 IU / L (8-40) and a GPT of 65 IU / L (8-50). with a pattern of marked cholestasis (GGT x 10 and FA x 8) with total bilirubin of 1.7 mg / dL (0.3-1). Likewise, a high number of copies of the HCV was appreciated. It was decided to perform a Doppler ultrasound in which a complete arterial thrombosis was reported. In view of these data, a CT scan and a cholangioresonance were requested, the images of which are presented in the figures. For the clinical, analytical and radiological data, indicate which is the most probable diagnosis of the current problem: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Acute rejection mediated by antibodies with associated arterial thrombosis."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Early HCV recurrence."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Stenosis of the biliary anastomosis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Extensive ischemic injury of intrahepatic bile ducts."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Complete thrombosis of intrahepatic portal branches."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 6 | Question linked to image nº3 Taking into account the diagnosis made. What is the treatment that the patient will probably need? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Retransplant hepatic."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Treatment with Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Hepatic-jejunostomy."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Administration of 3 boluses of methylprednisolone and increase in basal immunosuppression."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Anticoagulation"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 7 | Question linked to the image nº4 34-year-old man, athlete, who presents a picture of oppressive, continuous chest pain radiating to the back that is accentuated with deep inspiration, of 4 days of evolution, without fever. It refers to a picture of tonsillitis 2 months ago. Rhythmic cardiac auscultation without murmurs. It does not present data of hemodynamic alteration or heart failure. Normal analytical, except for discrete leukocytosis. When you arrive at the emergency room, an ECG is performed, shown in the figure. While waiting for the result of markers of myocardial injury, the most likely diagnosis in this patient is: | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Subacute myocardial infarction anteroseptal."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Tietze syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Osteomuscular thoracic pain with athlete's ECG."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Acute pericarditis"
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Unstable angina."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 8 | Question linked to image # 4 In this patient, the procedure and / or treatment of choice that I would recommend is: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Urgent catheterization."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Primary angioplasty."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fibrinolysis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Prednisone 10 mg / 12 hours."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Anti-inflammatories in prolonged treatment."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 9 | Question linked to the image nº5 62-year-old man, smoker of 20 cigarettes a day for 30 years and hypertensive, who comes to the clinic because of pain when walking in the gluteal area that begins at a distance of 300 meters and disappears with rest at 5 minutes. An Ankle / Arm index is made whose image is attached. Which is the diagnosis? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Critical ischemia of right lower limb."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Acute ischemia due to arterial embolism."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Chronic ischemia due to left iliac occlusion."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Leriche syndrome due to bilateral iliac occlusion."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Radiculopathy"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 10 | Question linked to image # 5 In this patient, what should be the initial treatment? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Perform a diagnostic angiography plus an associated fibrinolysis."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Modify vascular risk factors, physical exercise and medical treatment."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "The surgery of revascularization by bypass or by endovascular surgery."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Perform an urgent embolectomy."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Analgesic treatment and decrease physical exercise until symptoms improve."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 11 | Question linked to image nº6 29-year-old woman smoker. Consultation for nocturnal cough and dyspnea on exertion. Provides a chest CT performed at your health center (see image). What is the radiological diagnosis of suspicion? | 1 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Mediastinal broadening."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Bibasal interstitial infiltrate."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Aortic dilatation"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Atelectasia lobar."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Growth of right cavities."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 12 | Question linked to image # 6 In a recent hemogram, the only notable fact is an eosinophilia of 16%. What diagnostic test of the following would provide more information in the study of the patient? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Echocardiogram."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Determination of total Ig E and P-ANCAS."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Bronchofibroscopy."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Computed tomography."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Methacholine test and peak expiratory flow (peak flow)."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 13 | Question linked to image # 7 A 60-year-old man consulted for dyspnea. A respiratory functional examination is performed (Spirometry with bronchodilator test, CO diffusion capacity test and Plethysmography) whose report is shown in the image. What is the diagnosis most compatible with the results? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Bronchial asthma."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "COPD emphysema phenotype."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Thoracic restraint due to kyphoscoliosis."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Bronchiectasis"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 14 | Question linked to image # 7 In the previous patient, which of the following attitudes would be less justified? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Perform a chest CT scan."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Request serum levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Ask for a 6 minute walk test."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Request skin allergy tests."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Start treatment with bronchodilators."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 15 | Question linked to the image nº8 A 63-year-old man with persistent pain and swelling, progressive deformity, functional impotence and prolonged rigidity after inactivity in hands, knees and feet for which he had not consulted previously. In an elemental analysis carried out in his company, he highlighted VSG 78 mm / hour, PCR 54 mg / L and uric acid 7.4 mg / dL. The X-ray of hands is shown in the image. The most likely diagnosis is: | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Tophaceous drop"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Erosive arthrosis"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Rheumatoid arthritis."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Pyrophosphate arthropathy."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Polymyalgia rheumatica."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 16 | Question linked to image # 8 Conducting an ultrasound in this patient: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "It would only allow assessing the tendon affectation."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "It has no use."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "It detects synovitis but not erosions."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "It does not detect synovitis or erosions."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "It detects both synovitis and erosions."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 17 | Question linked to the image nº9 11-year-old boy who attends because 10 days ago he has a daily fever of predominance in the evening. In the last 2 days the fever has been increasing (up to 38.5º C). Has little appetite and has lost weight (2 kg). Three weeks ago he was kicked in the right knee. Although initially he only had pain later he noticed inflammation, which was increasing until it prevented him from walking. Analytical: elevation of PCR (75 mg / L) without other significant alterations. Simple radiology is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Osteomyelitis."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Ossifying myositis"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Eosinophilic granuloma."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Osteosarcoma."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Osteoblastoma"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 18 | Question linked to image # 9 What would be the next step in the clinical management of this patient? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Intravenous antibiotic treatment and radiological control in one month."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Perform fine needle aspiration of the lesion for microbiological study."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Magnetic resonance of the femur and then, if appropriate, biopsy of the lesion."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Anti-inflammatory treatment and clinical-radiological evolutionary control."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Perform a bone scan with gallium 67."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 19 | Question linked to image nº10 A 4-year-old and 6-month-old boy with a previous normal psychomotor development, which begins to present multiple episodes of medium disconnection with maintained tone and subtle rapid flashing of seconds throughout the day and learning difficulties in the last months. A waking electroencephalogram is performed. An image of the record is shown during the hyperventilation maneuver. What epileptic syndrome corresponds? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Lennox-Gastaut syndrome."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Benign partial epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal tips."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Childhood absence epilepsy."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "West syndrome."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 20 | Question linked to image # 10 In the previous patient, which of the following treatments is of choice? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Carbamazepine"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Vigabatrin"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Valproic acid."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Topiramate."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Levetiracetam"
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 21 | Question linked to image nº11 49-year-old patient without a history of interest. He reports a 2-week history of diffuse abdominal pain independent of ingestion and deposition and accompanied by occasional vomiting, malaise and profuse sweating. Analytical: Hb 12 gr / dL. Leucocytes 10x10 ^ 9 / L (Neutrophil 80%, Lymphocytes 15%, Monocytes 3%, Eosinophils 1%). Platelets 270x10 ^ 9 / L. Glucose 100 mg / dL, Urea 80 mg / dL, Creatinine 1.5 mg / dL, A. Uric 12 mg / dL, LDH 7800 IU / L; GOT, GPT and normal alkaline phosphatase. CT: Large mass (16cm) in retroperitoneum infiltrating pancreas, small bowel loops and right kidney. The biopsy is the one shown in the image. Immunohistochemistry: CD20 (+) CD3 (-) bcl 2 (-), CD10 +, bcl 6 (+), P53 (-), TDT (-) Mib1 (proliferation index) 100%. Genetics: rearrangement of 8q24, c-myc gene. Which is the diagnosis? | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Diffuse B-cell large lymphoma."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Lymphocytic lymphoma"
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Follicular lymphoma 3b."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "T-cell lymphoma of the intestinal type."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Burkitt lymphoma."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 22 | Question linked to image nº11 Which treatment is most appropriate in the previous patient? | 4 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy type Rituximab-CHOP until complete remission."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Rituximab-CHOP / 21 x 6-8 cycles followed by retroperitoneal radiotherapy."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Rituximab-CHOP / 21 x 6-8 cycles followed by intensive QT and stem-cell transplantation (TASPE)."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Intensive chemotherapy that includes Rituximab, high doses of cyclophosphamide and CNS prophylaxis."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Delay treatment until PET-CT and then treat with Rituximab-CHOP / 14 x 6-8 cycles."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 23 | Question linked to image # 12 In the CT that is shown, the most likely diagnosis is: | 5 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Polycystic kidney disease"
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Retroperitoneal mass."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Renal tuberculosis"
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Renal cystic neoplasia."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Obstructive uropathy."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 24 | Question linked to image # 12 Which of the following is the most likely clinic of this patient's consultation? | 3 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Macroscopic hematuria."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Poliglobulia, pain and fever."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Fever, pain and dark urine."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Oligoanuria and pain."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Febricule and sterile pyuria."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 25 | Question linked to image nº13 A 31-year-old man reported a sudden onset of chills, high fever, joint and muscle pain, maculopapular rash predominantly in the extremities, headache and photophobia. It does not refer to any pathological antecedent of interest or travel abroad in the last two years. He is not aware of the existence of communicable diseases in his immediate environment. He lives in a suburban residential area of the Spanish Levante. Physical examination highlights the blackish eschar that can be seen in the image. Point out the vector transmitter of the disease that the patient most likely presents. | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ixodes ricinus."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Rhipicephalus sanguineus."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Aedes aegypti."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Pediculosis corporis."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Dermacentor variabilis."
}
] |
Cuaderno_2014_1_M | 2014 | medicine | 26 | Question linked to image nº13 Which treatment do you consider most appropriate? | 2 | [
{
"aid": 1,
"atext": "Ceftriaxone 1 g / day parenterally."
},
{
"aid": 2,
"atext": "Doxycycline 100 mg / 12h oral."
},
{
"aid": 3,
"atext": "Paracetamol 500 mg / 6h oral."
},
{
"aid": 4,
"atext": "Chloramphenicol 500 mg / 6h oral."
},
{
"aid": 5,
"atext": "Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid 1 g / 8h oral."
}
] |
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