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The cartoon published today in The Australian, one of this country’s largest newspapers, was disgusting, disrespectful, and hurtful.
Those involved in publishing such a clearly racist cartoon should be ashamed and should issue a public apology to all Australians. Responsibility, professionalism and duty of care have all been abandoned in this unforgivable act.
All SNAICC members are unified in their call condemning this racism, made all the more disgraceful by its publication on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children’s Day – Australia’s largest day to celebrate our kids and families.
SNAICC intends to lodge complaint with the Australian Press Council on this matter, in line with actions from several other leading organisations. | <urn:uuid:49ec55d8-ada0-4673-addd-30777e45bae0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.snaicc.org.au/snaicc-responds-racist-bill-leak-cartoon-australian/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.959518 | 147 | 1.835938 | 2 |
- By Chez Oxendine
SOUTHERN UTE INDIAN RESERVATION, Colo. — A Colorado tribe and North Carolina-based investment fund have partnered to develop one of the world’s first zero-emission gas-fired power plant on tribal lands.
The Southern Ute Indian Tribe Growth Fund has linked up with 8 Rivers Capital to develop the Coyote Clean Power Project, potentially placing a zero-emissions plant on a brownfield site on the Southern Ute Indian Reservation in southwestern Colorado.
The project aims to produce 280 MW of electrical power while capturing and storing carbon dioxide released by the process. Durham, N.C.-based 8 Rivers Capital — operating through its Zero Degrees development business — plans to work with the Southern Ute Tribe to design and construct the plant over the next five years.
“A zero-emissions power plant on the Southern Ute Indian Reservation would continue the Tribe’s long history of responsible and environmentally conscious energy development,” tribal spokeswoman Lindsay Box said in a statement emailed to Tribal Business News.
If constructed, the plant would join existing Southern Ute energy interests in “multiple gas and oil basins, including the Gulf of Mexico,” Box said. The tribe maintains an energy enterprise in Aka Energy Group LLC, a natural gas company and an offshoot of the tribe’s Growth Fund.
The proposed plant would employ NET Power technology, a process that makes use of oxy combustion rather than standard combustion to produce baseload electrical power derived from natural gas. In the so-called Allam-Fetvedt Cycle process, natural gas is combusted with pure oxygen, and the system immediately recycles the resulting carbon dioxide, reportedly eliminating air emissions. Rather than using steam, the NET Power system uses the carbon dioxide to drive a turbine to produce electricity and then sequesters it.
Notably, the Southern Ute Indian Reservation in the San Juan Basin is home to “abundant” natural gas resources, according to the tribe’s website.
“NET Power and the Allam-Fetvedt Cycle are an innovative and potentially game-changing technology that the Tribe sees as having a key role in the energy transition to lower carbon intensity power generation,” Box said. “Coupled with the Tribe’s abundant natural resources and expertise in energy development, the partnership with 8 Rivers Capital in the Coyote Clean Power project is a great fit in the Tribe’s portfolio.”
Earlier this year, the oil-producing tribe asserted its sovereignty in pushing back on the Biden administration’s halting of all federal oil and gas leasing, saying it relied on revenues from energy development to fund its government and provide services to tribal members. The administration later clarified that the order did not apply to tribal trust lands.
8 Rivers President and NET Power board member Damian Beauchamp said the clean power project will highlight an important technology “in the energy transition to a carbon neutral environment.”
“The Coyote Clean Power Project’s affordable delivery of zero emissions power is unprecedented, and the project is a model for future deployments of this critical decarbonization tool,” Beauchamp said in a statement.
The project remains in the development phase, according to 8 Rivers Capital. The partners expect a final investment decision by 2022 for the project that is expected to cost “hundreds of millions of dollars.” Construction could begin as soon as 2025.
The partners estimate the Coyote Clean Power Project could lead to the creation of 1,000 direct and indirect jobs both on and off the reservation during the peak of construction.
In the meantime, the Southern Ute Tribe remains vigilant for other opportunities to pursue environmentally conscious, “complementary” projects.
“The Tribe has established itself as a leader of energy development in Indian Country,” Box said. “The Tribe continually evaluates projects that are complementary to its existing business ventures, which can include renewable energy as well as projects that reduce the carbon intensity of its current operations.”
Want more news about the $130 billion tribal economy?
Tribal Business News publishes thoroughly reported and well-crafted stories about Native businesses and entrepreneurs, growth and expansion strategies, best practices, economic data, government policy and other relevant business news. Tribal Business News is required reading for tribal council members and leaders of Native businesses, as well as state and federal legislators, policymakers, economic developers, entrepreneurs, bankers, lawyers and anyone interested in doing business in Indian Country.
Sign up for our free newsletter to track Native business and the tribal economy. Or sign up for a premium digital subscription ($99/year or $10/month— cancel anytime) to gain full 24/7/365 access to our business news reporting. Megwetch. | <urn:uuid:ea6b9ce2-236e-46e1-84cd-8996a12e22dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tribalbusinessnews.com/sections/energy/13477-oil-producing-southern-ute-tribe-explores-zero-emission-natural-gas-power-plant | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.927673 | 1,008 | 2.265625 | 2 |
David Herbert Irish, 83
David Herbert Irish died at home on November 30, 2020, surrounded by family.
He was born on January 2, 1937 in Detroit, Michigan, to Herbert Elwood and Edith Cooper Irish. In 1943, the Irish family - Herb, Edith, Dave and his older sisters Jane and Ann - set out from Mount Clemens on their sailboat the “Loon,” traveling through Lake St. Clair, Lake Huron, the Straits of Mackinac, and into Lake Michigan. They sailed into Harbor Springs on a beautiful October day and decided to stay.
As a child, Dave accompanied his father surveying in northern Michigan, often in the woods. It was through Herb’s surveying work that the family came to own a cut-over property north of Stutsmanville with a natural spring that was the only source of drinking water for area residents. Dave spent long days with his family replanting “the Springs,”and in the decades that followed, working in those woods was Dave’s passion: cutting firewood, improving timber stands, pruning trails, and enjoying the woods.
Dave was in his element on the water. Through his mother’s work as a camp director and waterfront director at both Wequetonsing and Harbor Point, he had easy access to boats, and made the most of it. His early jobs included teaching sailing and working on and around boats in what was then his family’s sideline business.
Although the family lived in Harbor Springs, Dave finished high school in Petoskey in 1954. After graduation he attended Michigan Technological University, then Michigan State University, where he found the sailing team more to his liking than the classroom.
In 1958, Dave fell in love with a young school teacher, Ann Kennedy, who had recently moved north from Ann Arbor. That same year, he entered the US Air Force through the Aviation Cadet program and was commissioned as a navigator. Dave and Ann were married in May of 1959 in her parents’ apple orchard, and the couple moved to California, then Massachusetts, returning to live in Harbor Springs when his father fell ill in 1960.
Back home, Dave was widely known in the resort sailing community, and with the help and encouragement of boating friends - who were also accomplished business leaders - he acquired a derelict marine construction site on the Harbor Springs waterfront, where he founded the Irish Boat Shop in 1961. Over 60 years he built the business into a thriving, full service marina in three northern Michigan locations (Harbor Springs, Charlevoix, and Traverse City), employing about 100 year-round workers. When Dave stepped down as Chairman of Board in 2017, his daughter Susan Irish Stewart succeeded him, and the business remains closely held.
Sailboat racing took him all over the world. He competed in numerous national and world championship events. He was valued and well-liked for his ability to think strategically, to lead, and to do anything, on any boat, in any weather. He loved Michigan’s Mackinac Races and achieved Old Goat status in both Bayview and Chicago yacht clubs, signifying completion of over 25 Mackinac races on each lake.
From his earliest years as a competitor, Dave understood that sailboat racing depends on sailing schools and yacht clubs. A founding member of the Little Traverse Yacht Club, he helped purchase the first clubhouse in 1968. In 2019, he played a similar role helping the Charlevoix Yacht Club construct a new clubhouse on Lake Charlevoix. Both sailing communities benefited from his unflagging support for youth sailing, and Dave personally mentored many young sailors, several of whom became professional sailors. He served the sport’s national governing body, US Sailing, for 25 years, then spent 16 years on the Offshore Racing Council which merged into the International Sailing Federation (ISAF), where he served for many years as a Vice President and Executive Committee member.
Service to community characterized his life ashore, too. Dave was involved in local politics in Harbor Springs, beginning with service on the Planning Commission, later city council, and finally 6 years as Mayor. An early environmental activist, Dave was a founding member of the Little Traverse Conservancy. He was also a founding member of Northern Michigan Planned Parenthood and served on the boards of many civic organizations.
Dave was an avid outdoorsman and competitive athlete. He was a ski instructor at Boyne Highlands then Nub’s Nob in the 1960s and prided himself on owning skis of every description. Throughout his life he enjoyed ski league at Nub’s Nob, Nordic ski racing, heli-skiing, and backcountry skiing. He had many backcountry adventures around the Midwest and Ontario, and in the mountains of the western US, western Canada, Switzerland, and Austria. When not skiing or sailing, he was a cyclist, runner, and late-in-life triathlete.
Dave is survived by his wife Ann; sister Ann Wilderom; daughters Tracy (John) Texter, Susan (Gary) Stewart, Perry (Rich) Hodgson, and his son Colin (Carrie Maxson) Irish; 11 grandchildren, 4 great-grandchildren, and numerous nieces and nephews.
Those who wish to honor Dave Irish’s memory may do so by donating to the Little Traverse Conservancy, the Petoskey-Harbor Springs Area Community Foundation, or the charity of their choice. | <urn:uuid:e585481b-af43-45e4-8b83-0ab2d575516c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.petoskeynews.com/story/news/local/charlevoix/2020/12/04/david-herbert-irish-83/115805592/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.981297 | 1,137 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Some estimates say nearly 90% of adults have one of two strains of herpes. With this number’s increase, why is there still no cure?
The Good Thing About Herpes (Live Science)
“The herpes family of viruses can have a surprising upside–it can protect against the bubonic plague and other bacterial contagions, at least in mice.”
Herpes infected humans before they were human (Science Daily)
“Researchers have identified the evolutionary origins of human herpes simplex virus (HSV) -1 and -2, reporting that the former infected hominids before their evolutionary split from chimpanzees 6 million years ago while the latter jumped from ancient chimpanzees to ancestors of modern humans — Homo erectus — approximately 1.6 million years ago.”
(Via DNEWS ) | <urn:uuid:423c08b5-45b7-47c0-b0c0-e36c9f7c04b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://blog.hsvsingles.com/why-do-so-many-people-have-herpes-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.92969 | 166 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The proposal includes some modifications designed to make the program more "business friendly," but industry groups were quick to launch new attacks.
The American Chemistry Council (ACC) said the European Commission "failed to design a regulatory framework that would minimize the negative impact on chemical makers and consumer-product companies and meet stated public health and environmental objectives."
The ACC said the EC ignored the views of industry, and the group's president and CEO, Greg Lebedev, said a "few tweaks do not change a fundamentally flawed proposal." Lebedev said the proposal may be at odds with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, particularly with regard to finished goods made with chemicals. He also warned that the EC may seek to export the REACH concept overseas, and said the "world doesn't want or need European regulatory colonialism."
The ACC joined the leaders of France, Germany and the UK, as well as European chemical makers, in calling for a study to determine the broad impact of the REACH proposal.
REACH, which stands for Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals, will require registration of all chemicals produced in or imported into the EU in quantities of at least one metric ton per manufacturer or importer per year. Producers will be required to submit a description of the hazards of each substance, its intended use and details of the risks it poses to people and the environment.
The European Commission said it anticipates that registration will be necessary for approximately 80% of all substances. The final proposal requires less extensive data and no chemical safety report on chemicals produced in volumes of up to 10 mt a year, a change that will reduce the rule's requirements for 20,000 of the 30,000 chemicals likely to be affected.
Exemptions to the rule's provisions include polymers, defined as chemical chains of smaller "building-block" monomers. Intermediates - chemicals used in industrial processes to make other chemicals - will also be subject to simpler regulations than most other chemicals. "Articles" - finished products such as electrical goods or textiles - would be subject to REACH only if the chemicals they contain are "intended to be released" during use. | <urn:uuid:196c0f2b-ed15-4145-8b49-cffeeeeaeee0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pcimag.com/articles/83144-ec-issues-formal-reach-proposal-industry-groups-quick-to-launch-attacks | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958906 | 440 | 2.421875 | 2 |
- SCHOOL CLINICS
- ONLINE TRAINING
September 30, 2018
Have you ever thought your coach or your child’s coach is playing favorites?
The honest truth is that YES coaches do play favorites! Every coach loves a player who works hard, shows up early, listens well, never complains, and always supports their teammates. At our Impact camps we teach athletes that “Coaches will ultimately give the most playing time to the players they trust the most”. The more trust you build with your coach the more likely you are to play.
Here are 4 intangibles that can help any player build trust and become one of their Coaches favorites.
1. Be Committed: You may not be the tallest, strongest, or fastest player on your team. But you can be the most committed. Put your phone away, stop playing fortnite, and get in the gym. Be the first player at practice and the last player to leave practice. Ask your coach what you need to improve on and then work at it every single day. If you stay committed over a long period of time your hard work will pay off.
2. Be Competitive: Coaches love players who treat every practice like it’s a game. Great competitors have a desire to win every drill, every game, and every competition. They never go through the motions. Adopt a “Game Point Intensity” mindset this season. Imagine you’re in big game, you’re down by 2, and you need a defensive stop. What kind of intensity would you bring in that moment? Bring that mentality to every practice and training session this season!
3. Be Coachable: Players, if you want to be great you must be coachable. You must welcome hard truths and challenges from your coaches. Always give great eye contact, great body language, and ask tons of questions. It will make you better and will build a positive relationship with your coach. “The moment you think you know it all, is the moment you stop improving.”
4. Be a Great Teammate: We should take pride in our own performance. But at the end of the day a great teammate cares more about the success of the team than their own personal stats or accolades. At our camps we teach players to “Zoom out”. The ability to take the focus off yourself and place it on someone else. Great teammates are able to zoom out so they can support, encourage, and lift each other up regardless of their own performance. This is extremely rare at any level of sport but is sure to standout and positively impact your team. | <urn:uuid:108e6ce9-514f-4618-bcff-b4b8f2563dfd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.impacthoops.ca/blog/do-coaches-play-favorites | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.956596 | 586 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Guido van Rossum writes:
Perhaps it would help to explain what a continuation actually does with the run-time environment, instead of giving examples of how to use them and what the result it?
This helped me a lot, and is the angle used in "Essentials of Programming Languages":
Usually when folks refer to a 'stack', they're refering to an *implementation* of the stack data type: really an optimization that assumes an upper bound on stack size, and that things will only be pushed and popped in order.
If you were to implement a language's variable and execution stacks with actual data structures (linked lists), then it's easy to see what's needed: the head of the list represents the current state. As functions exit, they pop things off the list.
The reason I brought this up (during a lull!) was that Python is already paying all of the cost of heap-allocated frames, and it didn't seem to me too much of a leap from there.
- All program state is somehow contained in a single execution stack.
- A continuation does something equivalent to making a copy of the
entire execution stack.
I.e. are there mutable *objects* in Scheme? (I know there are mutable and immutable *name bindings* -- I think.)
Yes, Scheme is pro-functional... but it has arrays, i/o, and set-cdr!, all the things that make it 'impure'.
I think shallow copies are what's expected. In the examples I have, the continuation is kept in a 'register', and call/cc merely packages it up with a little function wrapper. You are allowed to stomp all over lexical variables with "set!".
- Calling a continuation probably makes the saved copy of the
execution stack the current execution state; I presume there's also a way to pass an extra argument.
- Coroutines (which I *do* understand) are probably done by swapping
between two (or more) continuations.
Yup. Here's an example in Scheme:
Somewhere I have an example of coroutines being used for parsing, very elegant. Something like one coroutine does lexing, and passes tokens one-by-one to the next level, which passes parsed expressions to a compiler, or whatever. Kinda like pipes.
- Other control constructs can be done by various manipulations of
continuations. I presume that in many situations the saved continuation becomes the main control locus permanently, and the (previously) current stack is simply garbage-collected. Of course the lazy copy makes this efficient.
Yes... I think backtracking would be an example of this. You're doing a search on a large space (say a chess game). After a certain point you want to try a previous fork, to see if it's promising, but you don't want to throw away your current work. Save it, then unwind back to the previous fork, try that option out... if it turns out to be better then toss the original.
If this all is close enough to the truth, I think that continuations involving C stack frames are definitely out -- as Tim Peters mentioned, you don't know what the stuff on the C stack of extensions refers to. (My guess would be that Scheme implementations assume that any pointers on the C stack point to Scheme objects, so that C stack frames can be copied and conservative GC can be used -- this will never happen in Python.)
I think you're probably right here - usually there are heavy restrictions on what kind of data can pass through the C interface. But I know of at least one Scheme (mzscheme/PLT) that uses conservative gc and has c/c++ interfaces. [... dig dig ...] | <urn:uuid:6ca882ec-239f-4fa9-bc19-ca2375e86646> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mail.python.org/archives/list/[email protected]/message/RQDPE3XQZAKPKHNZBRWDBD3LXKO6PWZV/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.940598 | 798 | 3.296875 | 3 |
- Original investigation
- Open Access
Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for peripheral artery disease development/progression in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study
Cardiovascular Diabetology volume 20, Article number: 54 (2021)
The prognostic importance of non-traditional risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) development/progression is scarcely studied in diabetes. We investigated if carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) added prognostic information beyond traditional cardiovascular risk markers for PAD outcomes.
Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured at baseline and after a median of 91 months of follow-up in 681 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Multivariate Cox regressions examined the associations between the candidate variables and the outcome. PAD development/progression was defined by a reduction in ABI ≥ 0.15 (to a level < 0.9) or limb revascularization procedures, lower-extremity amputations or death due to PAD. The improvement in risk discrimination was assessed by increases in C-statistics of the models.
Seventy-seven patients developed/progressed PAD: 50 reduced ABI to < 0.9, seven had lower-limb revascularizations, and 20 had amputations or death. Age, male sex, diabetes duration, presence of microvascular complications (peripheral neuropathy and diabetic kidney disease), baseline HbA1c, 24-h systolic BP (SBP) and mean cumulative office SBP and LDL-cholesterol were associated with PAD development/progression in several models. CIMT and cf-PWV were additionally associated with PAD outcomes, and their inclusion further improved risk discrimination (with C-statistic increases between 0.025 and 0.030). The inclusion of ambulatory 24-h SBP, instead of office SBP, also improved PAD risk discrimination.
Increased CIMT and aortic stiffness are associated with greater risks of developing/progressing PAD, beyond traditional risk factors, in type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes is a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD) development, with relative risks varying from two- up to fourfold in contrast to individuals without diabetes . Subjects with diabetes and PAD have increased risks of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality [2,3,4], as well as, PAD is associated with a great burden of morbidity and reduction in life quality .
Besides diabetes, several other traditional cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with PAD development and progression, including older age, tobacco smoking, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia . Some studies have investigated risk factors for PAD development specifically in diabetes [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Diabetes duration [7, 9, 12] and glycemic control have been shown as risk factors in some of them [7, 12, 13]. Additionally, the presence of microvascular complications, more specifically retinal photocoagulation therapy and macroalbuminuria, was associated with greater chances of PAD development in individuals from the ADVANCE study .
However, the prognostic importance of non-traditional risk factors for PAD development is less well investigated, particularly in diabetes . Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is regarded as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. A population-based study demonstrated that CIMT was a predictor of PAD incidence in type 2 diabetes . Moreover, no previous study investigated if increased aortic stiffness, another established marker of subclinical cardiovascular disease , and also an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes [16, 17], could predict PAD development/progression.
Therefore, we aimed to investigate the factors associated with development or progression of PAD in a prospective long-term follow-up cohort of type 2 diabetic patients. We paid special attention to determine if CIMT and aortic stiffness were able to add prognostic information beyond traditional cardiovascular risk markers; and whether the mean cumulative exposure during follow-up of some factors, such as blood pressures (BPs), serum lipids and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), provided better prognostic information than their respective baseline values.
Patients and methods
Patients and baseline procedures
This was a prospective study, the Rio-T2D Cohort Study, with 750 patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled between August 2004 and December 2008 and followed-up until December 2019 in the diabetes outpatient clinic of our tertiary-care University Hospital. All participants gave written informed consent, and the local Ethics Committee had previously approved the study protocol. The characteristics of this cohort, the baseline procedures and the diagnostic definitions have been detailed elsewhere [4, 16, 18,19,20]. In brief, inclusion criteria were all adult type 2 diabetic individual up to 80 years old with either any microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy or neuropathy) or macrovascular (coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease) complication, or with at least two other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia or smoking). Exclusion criteria were morbid obesity (body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2), advanced renal failure (serum creatinine > 180 μmol/L or estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73m2) or the presence of any serious concomitant disease limiting life expectancy. All were submitted to a standard baseline protocol that included a thorough clinical examination, including ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement, a laboratory evaluation, and a 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). Diagnostic criteria for diabetic chronic complications were detailed previously [4, 16, 18,19,20]. In summary, coronary heart disease was diagnosed by clinical, electrocardiographic criteria, or by positive ischemic stress tests; and cerebrovascular disease by history and physical examination. The diagnosis of nephropathy needed at least two albuminurias ≥ 30 mg/24 h or confirmed reduction of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73m2, estimated by the CKD-EPI equation, or serum creatinine > 130 μmol/L). Peripheral neuropathy was determined by clinical examination (knee and ankle reflex activities, feet sensation with the Semmes–Weinstein monofilament, vibration with a 128-Hz tuning fork, pinprick and temperature sensations) and neuropathic symptoms were assessed by a standard validated questionnaire . Diabetic retinopathy, either background non-proliferative or proliferative, was determined by a complete ophthalmologic examination performed by a single retinal specialist . Clinic blood pressure (BP) was measured three times using a digital oscillometric BP monitor (HEM-907XL, Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan) with a suitable sized cuff on two occasions two weeks apart at study entry. The first measure of each visit was discarded and BP considered was the mean between the last two readings of each visit. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed if mean systolic (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg or if anti-hypertensive drugs had been prescribed. ABPM was recorded in the following month using Mobil-O-Graph, version 12 equipment (Dynamapa, Cardios LTDA., São Paulo, Brazil), and average 24-h SBP and DBP were registered (20). Laboratory evaluation included fasting glycemia, HbA1c, serum creatinine and lipids. Albuminuria was evaluated in two non-consecutive sterile 24-h urine collections. For this specific study, 68 individuals with clinical PAD, defined by a history of typical intermittent claudication, or previous limb revascularization procedures, foot ulceration or lower-extremity amputations, and one participant with a baseline ABI ≥ 1.30, were excluded, totaling 681 individuals analyzed. The patients were followed-up regularly at least 3–4 times a year until December 2019. Laboratory examinations were repeated 2–4 times a year during follow-up, except albuminuria that was repeated once annually. Mean cumulative values of BPs and of laboratory exams were recorded during the time interval between the 2 ABI measurements or any PAD outcome occurrence.
ABI measurements and assessment of development or progression of PAD
After resting supine for at least 5 min, two BP readings were taken sequentially from each brachial and posterior tibial arteries (total of 8 measurements, 4 brachial and 4 tibial), using the same digital oscillometric BP monitor (HEM-907XL, Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan), validated for ABI measurement [4, 21]. The BP monitors were pre-programmed to automatically record 2 BP readings with a 3 min interval from each limb. ABI was calculated as the lowest tibial BP in either leg divided by the highest brachial BP in either arm [22, 23]. Two ABI measurements were performed at baseline and after a median of 91 months (interquartile range 56–121 months) by a single independent examiner who was unaware of other clinical data. PAD incidence/progression was defined by a reduction in ABI of ≥ 0.15 to a level of at least < 0.9 [12, 13] or by the occurrence of any hard PAD outcome (limb revascularization procedures, amputations above the ankle or death due to PAD), whichever came first.
Aortic stiffness measurement
Immediately after the 24-h ABPM recording, a single trained independent observer unaware of other patients’ data measured pulse wave velocity (PWV) along the descending thoraco-abdominal aorta (aortic stiffness) [15, 16], using the validated foot-to-foot velocity method with the Complior equipment (Artech-Medical, France). Briefly, waveforms were obtained transcutaneously over the right common carotid and femoral arteries simultaneously during a minimum period of 10 to 15 s. The time delay (t) was measured between the feet of the 2 waveforms and the distance (D) covered by the waves was measured directly between femoral and carotid recording sites. Carotid-femoral PWV (cf-PWV) was calculated as D (m)/t (s). Three consecutive readings were obtained and cf-PWV considered was the mean between them. We used the recommended scaling factor of 0.8 to convert cf-PWV obtained using direct distances to ‘real’ cf-PWV . The cut-off value for considering increased aortic PWV was > 10 m/s . No participant had clinical aorto-iliac occlusive disease, which could falsely decrease cf-PWV. We had previously reported the reproducibility of cf-PWV measurements in our laboratory .
Carotid ultrasound imaging
A detailed description of carotid ultrasound measuring methods is available elsewhere . In brief, a single experienced vascular radiologist, unaware of other participants’ data, performed all carotid ultrasound studies with a high resolution B-mode ultrasound (Sonoline G40, Siemens, Munich, Germany) and a7.5 MHz linear array transducer. Carotid scanning measurements protocol was that recommended by the Manheim carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) consensus and by the American Society of Echocardiography . Far-wall CIMT was measured bilaterally at the common carotid artery (20 to 60 mm from the flow divider), and mean values were registered. Increased CIMT was defined as > 1.05 mm (the median value). The reproducibility of CIMT measurements in our laboratory has been previously reported .
Continuous data were described as means (SDs) or as medians (interquartile ranges [IQR]). Baseline characteristics of patients according to development/progression of peripheral artery disease were compared by t-test, Mann–Whitney or χ2 tests, when appropriate. The independent predictors of the PAD endpoint occurrence were examined by multivariate time-to-event Cox regressions (the time-interval between ABI examinations were considered as the time-to-event of participants with and without ABI reductions and the actual time-to-event for those with hard PAD outcomes). Candidate variables to enter the multivariate Cox analysis in Model 1 were the following: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, smoking status, physical activity, diabetic treatment (metformin and insulin), anti-hypertensive treatment (number and classes of drugs), baseline office systolic and diastolic BPs, presence of macrovascular and microvascular complications at baseline, baseline HbA1c, serum lipids (HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides), use of statins and aspirin, and C-reactive protein. A forward selection procedure was used to select the independent predictors, with a p-value < 0.10 as the criterion to enter and to remain into the model. Particularly for the presence of microvascular complications, further baseline models were fitted with each specific complication (diabetic kidney disease was further separated into microalbuminuria and decreased eGFR). A second model (Model 2) was fitted with the same candidate covariates, except that ambulatory BPs substituted office BPs. Finally, a third model (Model 3) included mean cumulative values of office BPs, HbA1c and serum lipids measured until the 2nd ABI measurement or occurrence of a hard PAD outcome, instead of their baseline values. Regardless of their significance, age, sex, and the baseline ABI were forced into all models. The improvement in risk discrimination among these models was assessed by the C-statistic (analogous to the area under ROC curve applied to a time-to-event analysis), compared by the DeLong method . The independent associations between cf-PWV and CIMT (analyzed both as continuous and as categorical variables, separated and concomitantly included) with PAD outcomes were evaluated by including them in previous Models 1, 2 and 3, with their improvements in risk discrimination assessed by the same C-statistic method. Two additional sensitivity analyses were performed: one excluding those clinically-asymptomatic individuals with baseline ABI < 0.9 and another excluding those individuals with any PAD outcome in the first 2-years of follow-up (to address possible reverse causality). All the Cox regression results were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and a 2-tailed p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Statistics were performed with SPSS version 19.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Il., USA).
Characteristics according to incidence/progression of peripheral arterial disease during follow-up
The mean time-interval between the 2 ABI measurements or the occurrence of a hard PAD outcome was 91 months (SD: 40 months, range from 4 to 189 months). Mean baseline ABI was 1.07 (SD: 0.09) and 2nd measurement was 1.03 (SD: 0.14). Overall, 77 patients had new incident or progressed PAD: 50 reduced ABI to < 0.9 (with reductions ≥ 0.15), seven were submitted to lower-limb revascularization procedures, and 20 had amputations above the ankle or death from PAD. Table 1 outlines the clinical and laboratory characteristics of all patients and of those with and without incident/progressive PAD during follow-up. Patients who developed/progressed PAD were older, more frequently past or current smokers, had greater diabetes duration and had higher prevalences of microvascular complications than those who did not developed/progressed PAD. They also had higher SBPs, although they used more anti-hypertensive medications, and higher LDL-cholesterol and albuminuria and lower eGFR than those who did not had PAD outcomes. Finally, patients who developed/progressed PAD had higher aortic stiffness and CIMT than those who did not.
Independent risk factors of peripheral artery disease incidence/progression
Table 2 shows the results of the multivariate Cox analysis for the covariates independently associated with PAD incidence/progression. On the first model, including baseline variables and office BPs, older age, longer diabetes duration, presence of microvascular complications and higher HbA1c were independently associated with the outcome, whereas office SBP was borderline associated. In the model that included ambulatory BPs instead of office BPs (Model 2), age, male sex, diabetes duration, presence of microvascular complications, HbA1c and 24-h SBP were independent predictors of PAD development/progression. In Model 3, using mean cumulative values of office BPs, serum lipids and HbA1c until the occurrence of a hard PAD outcome or the 2nd ABI measurement, male sex, diabetes duration, presence of macro- and microvascular complications, and mean cumulative SBP and LDL-cholesterol were the independent predictors of PAD outcomes. Only Model 2 improved risk discrimination over baseline Model 1. Regarding the importance of distinct microvascular complications, the presence of diabetic kidney disease was an independent predictor of PAD outcomes in all models with HRs between 2.7 and 3.1 (both increased albuminuria and decreased eGFR were equivalent predictors). Peripheral neuropathy was also predictive of PAD in all models (HRs: 1.9–2.1); and retinopathy, either non-proliferative or proliferative or both, was not an independent predictor in any of the models (HRs between 1.4 and 1.5, p-values 0.13–0.20). Table 3 presents the results of multivariate Cox regressions, adjusted for the same variables as in Table 2, for the independent associations between aortic stiffness and CIMT with PAD development/progression. Carotid-femoral PWV, analyzed as a continuous variable, was independently associated with PAD outcomes in all models, but its inclusion improved risk discrimination only when simultaneously included with CIMT. Analyzed as a dichotomical variable (cf-PWV > 10 m/s), it only predicted PAD outcomes in Model 1 and in all models with simultaneous inclusion of CIMT. On the other hand, CIMT was independently related to PAD outcomes only when analyzed as a continuous variable in Models 1 and 2, but not as a dichotomical variable, and it did not improve risk discrimination (except in Model 2). In the analyses where both variables were concomitantly included, only cf-PWV remained predictive of PAD development/progression, but their concomitant inclusion did improve risk discrimination in relation to the previous models. When included as dichotomical variables, only increased cf-PWV predicted PAD outcome. The best discriminative risk performance of all the Cox models examined was that with ambulatory BPs (Model 2) with further inclusions of continuous cf-PWV and CIMT (C-statistic: 0.76; 95% CI 0.71–0.82). In sensitivity analysis, excluding those 52 individuals with baseline ABI < 0.9 did not materially change any of the results. Also, excluding the participants with PAD outcomes in the first 2 years of follow-up did not change the results.
This prospective long-term follow-up study performed in a middle-aged type 2 diabetes cohort investigated the associations of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk markers, namely CIMT and aortic stiffness, with the development/progression of PAD. It has four main findings. First, it confirmed associations of some traditional risk factors, such as older age, male sex, higher BPs and LDL-cholesterol levels, with PAD outcomes. Second, we demonstrated also associations between longer diabetes duration, presence of microvascular complications (diabetic kidney disease and peripheral neuropathy) and baseline HbA1c levels, with PAD development/progression. Third, CIMT and aortic stiffness were predictors of PAD outcomes, independent of these traditional risk factors. Finally, the specific inclusion into the predictive models of ambulatory BPs (instead of office BPs), and of these two preclinical markers of atherosclerosis (CIMT and aortic stiffness), were capable of increasing PAD risk discrimination in relation to their precedent models, as assessed by the significant increases in C-statistics of the models.
Age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and cholesterol are established risk factors for PAD in general populations . In diabetes these associations were less demonstrated [7, 10]. Dissimilar from ours and other studies [7, 10], some did not find relationships between LDL-cholesterol [8, 9] and arterial hypertension and PAD development. Also, in contrast to our findings, the BARI 2D and ADVANCE studies did not find associations between lipid parameters and PAD development [13, 14]. In the BARI 2D trial , LDL- and HDL-cholesterol levels were predictive of PAD only as time-varying covariates (similar to our mean cumulative levels) in the subgroup of patients treated with insulin-sensitizing drugs. Like the present study, older age and longer diabetes duration were factors associated with PAD incidence in the UKPDS and in a large study with Asian individuals from a tertiary diabetes care center . Similar to some investigations [7, 12, 13], but different from others [10, 14], we observe associations between glucose control (baseline HbA1c levels) and PAD development. The reasons for these contrasting results are not clear, but they may involve differences in studied populations, in the definitions of PAD outcomes or in data analyses with different multivariate adjustments.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) measures, either increased albuminuria or decreased eGFR, have been shown to confer increased risks of incident PAD in a recent individual-participant meta-analysis . These associations were also observed in individuals without diabetes or hypertension, suggesting that both measures might contribute to PAD incidence and not only represent end-organ damage from these diseases . Oxidative stress, inflammation, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, endothelial dysfunction, abnormal calcium-phosphate metabolism, and elevation of lipoprotein(a) are among the feasible mechanisms connecting CKD and PAD incidence [31, 32]. However, independent associations between microvascular complications and PAD development have been scarcely demonstrated in diabetes . Baseline macroalbuminuria and diabetic retinopathy (defined by previous retinal photocoagulation) were associated with PAD incidence in individuals from the ADVANCE study . In the present study, the presence of diabetic kidney disease at baseline, defined either by increased albuminuria or by reduced eGFR, was associated with PAD development/progression. On the other hand, we did not observe any relation between the presence of retinopathy at baseline, nor with its severity, and PAD incidence/progression, in contrast to a recent report . Possibly different definitions of PAD outcomes might explain this disparity. Otherwise, we found associations of PAD incidence/progression with the presence of peripheral neuropathy at baseline. Indeed, peripheral neuropathy has been associated with a greater risk of lower limb amputation in diabetes . On the other hand, we had previously demonstrated that a baseline low ABI in asymptomatic individuals was predictive of future development/progression of peripheral neuropathy . Hence, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the associations between PAD and peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes might be bidirectional, possibly involving shared pathways such as insulin resistance, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction [35, 36].
CIMT, which is considered a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, has been previously associated with PAD incidence in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) . However, although CIMT has been demonstrated as a predictor of cardiovascular events in diabetic individuals [18, 38], the improvement in risk prediction after addition of CIMT to conventional risk factors is small , similar to that in the general populations [37, 39]. Nonetheless, only the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study investigated CIMT as a risk factor of PAD incidence specifically in a population sample of individuals with diabetes . They demonstrated, like us, that CIMT was associated with PAD incidence after multivariate adjustment.
Otherwise, the most novel finding of this study was the demonstration of independent associations between increased aortic stiffness and PAD incidence/progression. Up to now, no study investigated prospectively associations between PAD incidence and increased aortic stiffness, only small cross-sectional studies explored these associations [40, 41], and none was performed in diabetic individuals. Aortic stiffness has been suggested as an compound marker not only of the effects of ageing and genetic background, but also of the additive jeopardizing results of cardiovascular risk factors on the arterial wall overtime . Indeed, increased aortic stiffness has been previously demonstrated as a cardiovascular risk marker independent of conventional risk factors in meta-analyses of several clinical settings , as well as specifically in diabetic individuals [16, 17]. Here, we demonstrated that increased aortic stiffness, as assessed by its gold standard cf-PWV measurement , not only predicted future PAD development/progression, but also improved risk discrimination over a standard risk factor model.
This study has some limitations to notice. First, although it included a relatively large sample of individuals with a long follow-up, we did not observe a great number of PAD outcomes, what precludes a more comprehensive analysis. Second, it is a prospective observational cohort; hence no causal relationships, nor physiopathological inferences, can be made, but only speculated. Furthermore, some residual confounding might still have remained. Third, we did not evaluate annual ABI changes as a PAD outcome, but only a second ABI measurement performed after a median of 7.5 years after the baseline measurement. Hence, we could not establish the precise date of ABI reduction. Even so, we used the time-interval between ABI examinations as the time-to-event in the Cox analyses (except in participants with hard PAD outcomes), which adjust for the possible bias that a longer time-interval between ABI examinations might have increased the chance of having a larger ABI reduction. Forth, by protocol, we excluded from cohort entry patients with advanced renal failure (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2), hence we cannot evaluate the impact of advanced CKD on PAD outcomes. Otherwise, we demonstrate that moderate diabetic CKD, defined by either having abnormal albuminuria (≥ 30 mg/24 h) or decreased eGFR (between 60 and 30 mL/min), was an important predictor of PAD outcomes. Finally, this study included middle-aged to elderly type 2 diabetic individuals followed at a tertiary-care center, so results may not be generalizable to other diabetic populations treated at primary care. However, this study has also some strengths to regard. It is a well-documented large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes with annual outcomes evaluation over a long-term standardized follow-up, and a comprehensive investigation of the associated risk markers of PAD incidence/progression was performed, including CIMT and aortic stiffness.
We demonstrated in a large type 2 diabetes cohort with a long-term follow-up that some traditional cardiovascular risk factors (older age, smoking, high BP and LDL-cholesterol), and some diabetes-related factors (longer diabetes duration, presence of macro- and microvascular complications, particularly CKD and peripheral neuropathy) were associated with PAD incidence/progression. Furthermore, 2 markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, CIMT and aortic stiffness, added prognostic information over and beyond these risk factors of PAD development, and they shall be considered/added in PAD risk stratification of individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Availability of data and materials
The Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study is an on-going study, and its dataset is not publicly available due to individual privacy of the participants. However, it may be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Peripheral arterial disease
Carotid intima-media thickness
Systolic blood pressure
Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Chronic kidney disease
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This study was supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) and from the Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ, Brazil). The sponsors have no role in study design, data collection and analysis, results interpretation or in preparation, review and approval of the manuscript.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of School of Medicine and University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Number 124/2004), and all participants gave written informed consent.
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Cardoso, C.R.L., Melo, J.V., Santos, T.R.M. et al. Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for peripheral artery disease development/progression in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 20, 54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01249-y
- Aortic stiffness
- Carotid intima-media thickness
- Peripheral artery disease
- Risk factors
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WVC Supports Immigrant Students
December 16, 2016
Dear Members of Our Campus Community,
I have heard from many of you and many community members about your concern for the possibility of deportation of our students who lack citizenship or even of those who hold residency status but are currently protected by the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) Executive Order signed by President Obama in 2012.
President-elect Trump promised on the campaign trail that he will rescind all of his predecessor's Executive Orders. Now that Mr. Trump will be our 45th President on January 20, 2017, I am writing to discuss our current and emerging context under DACA. At the outset, I want everyone to know that I joined the 37 presidents and chancellors in the CTC system, and our state’s university colleagues, in signing a letter addressed to President-elect Trump, asking him to allow DACA to continue. I also joined more than 400 college and university presidents nationwide in signing another letter of support of DACA and DACA students.
The first part of this message explains why I signed those communications. The second part of the message describes what the policy demands of us at WVC.
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) is a 2012 executive order of President Obama that allows certain undocumented immigrants to the United States who entered the country as minors to receive a renewable two-year period of deferred action from deportation. This deferred action includes eligibility for a work permit. DACA is available only to individuals who meet stringent requirements—a simple Google search will return many pages to choose that explain these.
At WVC, these are individuals, now adults, who were brought to the United States as children and who knew nothing of borders between countries. Because the state's Constitution mandates a basic education for all, these kids grew up learning at Washington school desks, eating lunch in Washington school cafeterias, and playing alongside the rest of Washington's sons and daughters, often blithely unaware of the lack of documented status. From this experience, they arrived at our doorstep.
A representative young woman who frequently shares her own DACA story, is a WVC at Omak graduate who did not discover--until she had graduated, as a valedictorian, from Bridgeport High School--that she was not a US citizen. There are roughly 750,000 DACA students nationwide, including those in K-12. Before DACA, college-bound students discovered that they were not the "same" as their peer groups. They were driven to the shadows of higher education, unable to fully realize their potential or make good on the investment already made by Washington citizens in the form of a K-12 education. These young people are caught in a dilemma that was not of their making.
The state legislature has worked for many years to lessen the impact of this dilemma. In 2003, in-state tuition rates became available to any undocumented student who graduates from a Washington high school or its equivalent, but only if the student has lived in Washington state for at least three years prior to graduation. In 2014, the Real Hope Act made these students eligible for state financial aid as well.
What does DACA oblige us to know and do?
As College employees, we are obligated to do all that is possible to offer all of our students guidance and support. Following the mandate of the Executive Order as it stands is a legal duty, but I also believe that ethically we need to provide the platform for achievement and success of all WVC students. Some things worth noting include the following.
- Wenatchee Valley College, as well as other public colleges and universities, have no legal obligation or affirmative duty to enforce federal immigration law. That is the responsibility of federal law enforcement agencies. At the other end of that spectrum, we cannot offer "sanctuary" to anyone from the federal government. Our job is serve people, not documentation status.
- Our security officers will not ask anyone anything about immigration status, nor will we volunteer any information about students. We surrender protected information when we get a lawfully issued subpoena or court order to do so; otherwise, FERPA protects ALL student records.
- It is acceptable for any student to decline, for privacy reasons, to respond orally or in writing to requests for a Social Security number. This is why we issue Student Identification (SID) numbers.
- WVC does not make admissions decisions about students based on their immigration status, and does not request immigration documentation unless needed to determine their eligibility for resident tuition rates and/or State Need Grant.
- As an institution of higher learning, WVC protects freedom of speech and the academic freedom of faculty, staff, and students, sometimes defending speech that many might find offensive, but we simply do not tolerate unlawful harassment, threats, or hate crimes as defined under our student conduct code, WVC’s Anti-Discrimination Policy, or applicable law.
- The College is committed to protecting the safety and promoting the well-being of all students, faculty, and staff, regardless of their immigration status, within the limits of the law. For this purpose we have created the WVC DREAMers Taskforce which is able to support students and their families and make sure they are receiving all resources they are eligible for. To contact the DREAMers Taskforce please email or call Bertha Sanchez at 509-682-6850, [email protected].
- According to the law but even more as a statement of values, WVC endeavors to provide a welcoming and inclusive environment for all people, regardless of immigration status. U.S. citizenship is not required to attend college in the US.
That said, and going back to an earlier point, some of you have asked about declaring our college a “sanctuary campus.” Our state's Attorney General has advised all public institutions of higher education that they do not have legal authority to unilaterally declare their campuses as immigration sanctuaries in defiance of federal immigration law.
The broader discussion of immigration reform and enforcement is not the subject of this memo. Regardless of positions any of us might have on broader public policy, our mission asks us simply to continue being respectful and supportive of student success and achievement during an uncertain time for many individuals and families affected by documentation status. Our mission is to transform the lives of our community members through higher learning--regardless of race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, political affiliation, age, pregnancy, veteran/military status, or disabilities.
As always, please feel free to contact me with questions or concerns.
Jim Richardson, Ph.D.
Wenatchee Valley College
1300 Fifth Street
Wenatchee, WA 98801
For more information, see
- The article, "College & University Presidents Call for U.S. to Uphold and Continue DACA" at the Pomona College website, www.pomona.edu/news/2016/11/21-college-university-presidents-call-us-uphold-and-continue-daca
- WVC President's Message, Feb. 1, 2017 | <urn:uuid:1763deb0-5b1c-44e9-ab2f-a79def6b08ae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wvc.ctc.edu/news/2016-17/immigrant-students-dec16.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.959518 | 1,473 | 1.71875 | 2 |
It’s no longer a secret that oral health plays a significant role in your general wellbeing. Therefore, as you plan your finances, you should also include your dental visit expenses. It’s even better if you can get a family dentist for your family. And while a family dentist may not be the best specialist for financial advice, visiting one will save you a good amount of cash in the long run.
But how? Let’s find out below.
Quick Access to Emergency Services
Dental emergencies can strike anytime. And when they do, you will need immediate access to a dentist, which might cost you more money and time to book one. Also, even if you do get a random dentist, they still aren’t familiar with your case. Therefore, you risk getting a wrong diagnosis. This will cost you more money as the untreated root issue will still reoccur, forcing you to seek professional help.
A family dentist is just a call away. You can access them quickly saving you time and money. Plus, since they know your oral history, they already know the cause of the problem and can help you fix it fast.
Offer Reliable Preventive Measures
Having a family dentist means you consult them often. Because of this, they can introduce preventive measures to various oral health problems, to prevent the occurrence of common dental issues in future. This is important, especially in children.
The tips and professional guidance of family dentists such as the ones at Sol Dental Care will help your family maintain good oral health. Since you won’t have to deal with any serious dental issues, you will save the money you could have spent on such treatments, and of course your time.
If you use a family dentist to cater for the oral health of all your family members, you can easily negotiate for a better price. Also, as your relationship with your family dentist grows stronger, they might give you discounts on services that you could have paid for more. They may also provide some services as a bonus, saving you money in the long run.
Family Dental History
A family dentist has access to your entire family’s dental history. This could be from grandparents to grandchildren. Apart from being able to detect oral issues as they arise and providing relevant treatment, they can also alert you of any hereditary dental condition. This ensures such issues are addressed/ managed early enough for better management. Some hereditary dental issues, such as crooked teeth, and other genetic oral abnormalities can be severe and expensive to treat, especially when detected late. | <urn:uuid:c5c4cf66-1b85-45a5-95ae-a34e74b04fc3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thefreshoutlook.com/why-a-family-dentist-will-save-you-money/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.964958 | 527 | 1.5 | 2 |
Background: In the last decades, several in vitro studies have tested the effect of plate-rich plasma (PRP) on the proliferation of human cells in search of a wizard for the use of PRP in a clinical setting. However, the literature displays striking differences regarding this question despite the relatively similar experimental design. The aim of this review is twofold: describe and explain this diversity and suggest basic principles for further in vitro studies in the field. The optimal platelet concentration in vivo will also be discussed.
Methods: A search in mainly EMBASE and PubMed was performed to identify in vitro studies that investigate the effect of different PRP concentrations on human cell proliferation. The assessment of bias was based on the principles of "Good Cell Culture Practice" and adapted.
Results: In total, 965 in vitro studies were detected. After the initial screening, 31 studies remained for full-text screening. A total of 16 studies met the criteria of final inclusion and appeared relatively sound. In general, the studies state consistently that PRP stimulates the proliferation of the human cell. Two main types of experimental techniques were detected: 1. The Fixed PRP Concentration Group using a fixed PRP concentration throughout the experiment, which leads to a substantial decrease in nutrition available at higher concentrations. 2. The Fixed PRP Volume Group using a fixed PRP-to-media ratio (Vol/Vol) throughout the experiment. A general tendency was observed in both groups: when the PRP to media ratio increased (Vol/Vol), the proliferation rate decreased. Further, The Low Leukocyte group observed a substantial higher optimal PRP concentration than The High leukocyte group. No prominent tendencies was seen regarding anticoagulants, activation methods, and blood donor (age or sex).
Discussion: Two major biases regarding optimal proliferation in vitro is pointed out: 1. Too high PRP volume. It is speculated that the techniques used by some studies led to an adverse growth condition and even cell starvation at higher concentrations. 2. High leukocyte levels. Reduced proliferation rate due to proinflammatory substances released during degranulation of leukocytes.
Conclusions: The two main biases may explain the bell-shaped effect of PRP and the detrimental effects at higher platelet concentrations observed in several studies. These biases may also explain the low optimal PRP concentration observed in some studies. Even if one universal optimal PRP concentration does not exist, the review indicates that PRP concentrations in the upper parts of the scale is optimal or at least beneficial. Finally, following basic experimental principles are suggested. 1: The PRP/media ratio (Vol/Vol) should be kept as constant. 2: The PRP/media ratio should provide a sufficient nutrition supply, that is, PRP ≤ 10% (Vol/Vol). 3: The cell density per well (cells/mL) should be defined. 4: Leukocyte level should be kept low, preferable depleted (< 0.1 PLT/µL).
Keywords: Cell proliferation; Growth factor; Human; In vitro; PRP; Platelet concentrate; Platelet lysate; Platelet-rich plasma; Proliferation. | <urn:uuid:b0348629-bce6-4abd-a78e-79c2b98f96d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33240635/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.915928 | 651 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Our use our mailing resource to produce your job easier, therefore it gets done. Whether an internet business, you should go into detail how you’ll draw in customers to your site. Then use the z-score essay capitals to learn which businesses were outliers concerning percent change in profit.
You should assume your paper is targeted at someone with a great working knowledge of your specific field. In case the letter is from the man applying for employment, then you ought to also mention why you need to work for that specific firm. Your letter should demonstrate that you comprehend the company, and believe that you’re a wonderful fit.
It may talk about the significance of this issue or the way that it affects you or society as a whole, or it may discuss or describe the special terminology linked to the topic. Make sure that the reader is aware of what things you’re passionate about. Now, the topic doesn’t will need to get explained in excessive detail.
Thus, the student may observe the letter later on. With the appropriate letter of introduction template, and a couple of helpful strategies and tricks, you can make a persuasive, professional small business letter that makes it possible to stand besides the competition. Make a bid to publish in only the identical manner that you would talk, with words that you would typically use.
Attempt not to mix tenses within paragraphs, but don’t hesitate to use the proper tense in various paragraphs (it is among the few exceptions to the mixing tense rules whom I know of). If you want to organize your material with headings, you can pick from a range of unique headers. You may consist of subsequent subheadings that will typically be centered and in bold throughout the paper.
Other completely free extras that are included are a totally free outline, completely free plagiarism report and completely free title page. http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mers/wp-content/uploads/?test=the-help-essay-prompts&mn=2 It really should start out together using the title of the worker and the topic of the letter. It does exactly what it implies it introduces one party to another party.
Apa Introduction Example Explained
Outline the important points you wish to highlight. This example could just be an email. Be certain to include the subsequent three items in your report.
Excellence should stick out. Self Introduction Letter is written through a person to introduce himself formally in the job place. The layouts given in this Letter of Introduction Templates can fluctuate.
Others won’t know your child too, therefore it’s sometimes useful to compose a letter to caregivers or health care professionals describing the behavior. These sorts of letters supply an official approach to presenting a brand-new service or product in the existing jointly side customers. They are also used by new businesses to potential clients.
What’s Truly Going on with Apa Introduction Example
It is all dependent on the specific research question you’re asking! The intended aim of the FHA Program is to offer mortgage insurance for an individual to purchase or refinance a main residence that’s being funded by a lending institution to defend the bank in the event the borrower is not able to carry on making mortgage payments or on the border of a potential foreclosure. The principal objective of introduction letters is to introduce yourself, your business enterprise, or a different man or woman to some other party.
Deciding on the most suitable company profile template is vital to decide on the key elements of the enterprise. Whether an internet business, you should go into detail how you’ll draw in customers to your site. The items that the company or company are to quit providing for the customer.
Created for simple mail merge. Be certain that the correspondence is presentable. An individual should realize that every Research Paper is a sophisticated writing because it must contain distinctive research and distinctive idea.
Facts, Fiction and Apa Introduction Example
Therefore, for your convenience, you have a superb chance to monitor the development of the assigned writer and make sure an essay will be ready in a timely way. If you’re still unsure about your introduction, our essay editors would like to provide you with some feedback. The one-paragraph Introduction should include things like supporting background information for your principal point.
Besides differences, there are a number of intriguing similarities between both. Even with research papers for sale the ample quantity of substantial research materials and intelligent ideas, the essay may wind up flawed in the event the student doesn’t have effective writing skills. Defense essays also known as argumentative essays argue a specific perspective about a controversial issue.
If your instructor provides you with the APA guidelines then excellent for you. You might also see speech outline. You might also see program outline.
Besides differences, there are a number of intriguing similarities between both. Finding appropriate sources amid thousands of journal articles can be an intimidating job, but there are a variety of steps you may take to simplify your research. All the ideal research paper examples begin with a fantastic research paper outline.
Thus, the student may observe the letter later on. With the appropriate letter of introduction template, and a couple of helpful strategies and tricks, you can make a persuasive, professional small business letter that makes it possible to stand besides the competition. In an academe, plagiarism is an extremely significant offense that could sometimes lead to expulsion. | <urn:uuid:ad488392-6c9b-49b3-b8f8-0d425cdc6713> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cpplt015.com/buying-apa-introduction-example | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.927733 | 1,108 | 1.65625 | 2 |
- It only took 4 years to build the bridge. The construction started right in the middle of the Great Depression in 1933 and was completed ahead of schedule in 1937.
- 11 men died during the construction even though there was a safety net.
- Originally, the bridge was intended to be painted black with yellow stripes for better visibility. Luckily, this idea was later discarded.
- Many people didn’t want the bridge to be constructed. In fact, it had 2,300 lawsuits against it. People opposed the construction because they thought the bridge would ruin the beauty of the strait. Probably, they knew the bridge was originally intended to be black and yellow. If so, their outrage is understandable.
- The bridge is heavy: now it weighs no less than 887,000 tons.
Test your knowledge of the USA now!Play now | <urn:uuid:8696f8d1-b80f-438e-97b9-76cf4742868e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://patrioticquiz.com/articles/the-spectacular-golden-gate-bridge | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.984458 | 177 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Nick Sudano D.C. & Dana Robinson-LeBlanc D.C.
Journal of Pediatric, Maternal & Family Health – Chiropractic ~ Volume 2011 ~ Issue 4 ~ Pages 120-124
Objective: To describe successful chiropractic care of a patient with Type I Diabetes.
Clinical Features: A 4-year-old female with Insulin-Dependent Type I Diabetes presented for a chiropractic evaluation. Initial examination revealed postural deviations and vertebral subluxations in the cervical, thoracic, and pelvic regions.
Intervention and Outcomes: The patient was seen a total of 24 visits. Gonstead technique protocol was followed to administer adjustments to reduce vertebral subluxations. There was a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1C levels which resulted in a lessening of insulin administration.
Conclusion: The chiropractic care of a pediatric patient with Insulin-Dependent Type I Diabetes is presented. More research is warranted on chiropractic care and diabetes.
Key Terms: chiropractic, Type I diabetes, diabetes mellitus, subluxation, insulin | <urn:uuid:3e33c420-014f-4795-8fc8-e0fa28cbd2fc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vertebralsubluxationresearch.com/2017/09/10/improved-a1-c-levels-in-a-patient-with-insulin-dependent-type-i-diabetes-undergoing-chiropractic-care-a-case-report/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.856478 | 232 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Well-being Wednesdays - Karaoke Workshop
- Wednesday 27 October 2021
Studying can sometimes be stressful. Doing something fun can reduce those feelings of stress. Join our online karaoke workshop on Ocober 27th from 13:00 - 14:00 pm and have some fun!
Improve your singing voice!
In this workshop you will learn how to become a better karaoke singer from a professional vocalist . The workshop is suitable for beginners, improvers, and anyone who just likes karaoke, singing and music. It is the perfect opportunity to try something new in a non-judgmental environment!
Do you think your karaoke singing skills could use some improvement? Or could you use some extra fun besides all the studying that you are doing? Then you should definitely sign up for this workshop!
Spaces are limited
Want to stay up-to-date on upcoming Well-xbeing Wednesday activities? Register to receive regular updates. | <urn:uuid:e0d4a9e6-42f3-47db-a31a-8f80120c5040> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.student.universiteitleiden.nl/en/events/2021/10/wellbeing-wednesdays-october-2021?cf=science&cd=computer-science-msc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.938522 | 231 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Publius Septimius Geta
|Joint 22nd Emperor of the Roman Empire (with Caracalla)|
|Reign||209 – December 211|
7 March 189|
|Died||26 December 211(aged 22)|
|Roman imperial dynasties|
|Severan dynasty - tondo.png
The Severan Tondo
|—with Caracalla and Geta||209–211|
|Caracalla and Geta||211–211|
|Severan dynasty family tree
Year of the Five Emperors
Crisis of the Third Century
Geta (Publius, or Lucius, Septimius Geta Augustus;[note 1] 7 March 189 -26 December 211), was a Roman emperor who ruled with his father Septimius Severus and his older brother Caracalla from 209, when he was named Augustus like his brother who had held the title since 198. Severus died in 211, and although he intended for his sons to rule together, they proved incapable of sharing power culminating with the murder of Geta in December of that year.
Conflicts between Geta and Caracalla were constant and often required the mediation of their mother. To appease his younger son, Septimius Severus gave Geta the title of Augustus in 209.
During the campaign against the Britons in the early 3rd century CE, imperial propaganda promoted the image of a happy family that shared the responsibilities of rule. Septimius Severus entrusted Julia Domna with the role of counsellor, Caracalla acted as the emperor's second in command, and administrative and bureaucratic duties were Geta's responsibility. In reality, however, the rivalry and antipathy between the brothers did not abate.
When Septimius Severus died in Eboracum in early 211, Caracalla and Geta were proclaimed joint emperors and returned to Rome.
Their joint rule was a failure. Later sources speculated that the brothers wished to split the empire in two halves. By the end of 211, the situation had become unbearable. Caracalla tried unsuccessfully to murder Geta during the festival of Saturnalia. Finally, on the 19th of December, Caracalla had his mother arrange a peace meeting with his brother in his mother's apartments, and then had him murdered in her arms by centurions.
Following Geta's assassination, Caracalla ordered his brother's name to be removed from all inscriptions. The now sole emperor also took the opportunity to get rid of his political enemies, on grounds of conspiracy. Cassius Dio stated that around 20,000 men and women were killed or proscribed during this time.
Very few marble portraits attributable to Geta survive to date, presumably due to the very thorough damnatio memoriae which resulted in the erasing of his images. However Roman coins with his image are plentiful, and can reflect how his father Septimius Severus and later Geta himself wanted him to be seen by the Roman people (and especially the Roman military).
Images of Geta and his older brother Caracalla cannot be well distinguished until the death of the father. Both sons were supposed to be presented as equally suitable heirs to the throne, showing thus more "depth" to the dynasty.
On his coins Caracalla, who became Augustus in 197, was shown with a wreath of laurels, while Geta remained bareheaded until he himself became Augustus in 209. Between 209 and their father's death in February 211, both brothers were shown as equally mature young men with a short full beard, ready to take over the empire. Between the death of Septimus Severus and the assassination of Geta, Caracalla's portraits did not change, while Geta was depicted with a long beard with hanging hairs much like his father, a strong indication of Geta's efforts to be seen as the "true" successor of his father.
A denarius of Geta.
The Severan Tondo, a painting of Septimius Severus with Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Geta, whose face is smeared out, probably because of the damnatio memoriae put against him by Caracalla.
Severan family tree
|Severan family tree|
- In Classical Latin, Geta's name would be inscribed as PVBLIVS SEPTIMIVS GETA AVGVSTVS.
- Birley 1999, p. 324.
- Varner, Eric R. Mutilation and Transformation: Damnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portraiture (2004) Brill Academic Publishers. p. 168
- Cassius Dio, Roman History
- (German) Andreas Pangerl: Porträttypen des Caracalla und des Geta auf Römischen Reichsprägungen - Definition eines neuen Caesartyps des Caracalla und eines neuen Augustustyps des Geta; Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt des RGZM Mainz 43, 2013, 1, 99–116
- Dio Cassius lxxvii; Herodian iv. I.
- Birley, Anthony R. (1999) . Septimius Severus: The African Emperor. London: Routledge. ISBN 0415165911.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Publius Septimius Geta.|
- Life of Geta (Historia Augusta at LacusCurtius: Latin text and English translation)
Publius Septimius GetaBorn: 7 March 189 Died: 19 December 211
With: Septimius Severus and Caracalla
Lucius Fabius Cilo,
Marcus Annius Flavius Libo
|Consul of the Roman Empire
Marcus Nummius Umbrius Primus Senecio Albinus,
Lucius Fulvius Gavius Numisius Petronius Aemilianus
Lucius Annius Maximus,
Gaius Septimius Severus Aper
|Consul of the Roman Empire
Lucius Aurelius Commodus Pompeianus,
Quintus Hedius Lollianus Plautius Avitus
Title last held byLucius
|King of Britain||Succeeded by | <urn:uuid:48b0371a-a646-4439-96b9-479b858beea4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://infogalactic.com/info/Publius_Septimius_Geta | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.919727 | 1,709 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Materials: Paper strips in four colors equal to the number of participants, placed in a basket. Four sheets of paper in the same colors with 5 or more get-to-know-you questions on each.
- Prepare a list of questions for each color. Set this up ahead of time or, if time allows, involve the group in coming up with the questions.
- Sitting in a circle, the first person holds the basket and pulls a strip of colored paper. They choose a question to answer from the list associated with that color, and then pass the basket to the next participant.
- Go all the way around the circle.
- What’s one thing you love to do and why?
- What’s one thing you love about your life and why?
- Tell us about a time when you felt proud of yourself.
- What’s one quality you bring to your friendship and how does that show up?
- What’s something people would be surprised to know about you?
- What’s one thing you like about where you live? | <urn:uuid:80906630-fa5f-4de0-b6f8-3cb55dba56ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://partnersforyouth.org/colorful-questions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.901242 | 235 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Old Testament Today 2nd Edition (Hardcover)
This proven Old Testament text with a wealth of full-color images helps readers connect the world of the Old Testament with today's world. Old Testament Today, 2nd Edition, newly revised, includes a book-by-book survey, new maps and graphics, and other updates throughout.
Unique among Old Testament surveys, Old Testament Today, 2nd Edition not only provides an orientation to the world of the Old Testament, but also builds a bridge between the original audience and modern readers, demonstrating why the ancient message is important for faith and life today. It goes beyond basic content to help students understand what the Scriptures mean and how to apply them personally.
Taking readers progressively through the Old Testament, this text: (1) presents the details of the content, focusing on the story line, historical background, and literary information that address the original setting and audience; (2) focuses on theology perspectives and on issues of the author's purpose and the universal message of the text, building a bridge between the original audience and today's audience; and (3) develops an understanding of the relevance of the Old Testament writings to today's Christian, showing how they can be applied in personal faith and practice.
- Category : Theology
- SKU : 9780310498209
- Barcode : 9780310498209
- Size : 188 x 231 mm
- Long Author : Andrew E. Hill,John H. Walton
- Number of Pages : 448 pp
- Language : English
- Format : Hardcover
- Publisher : Zondervan Publishing House | <urn:uuid:2aaf9c15-d7cd-4f5d-a9cd-4c3d98d53ecf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cumbooks.co.za/collections/john-h-walton/products/old-testament-today-2nd-edition-hardcover | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.846869 | 327 | 1.617188 | 2 |
In this article, we’ll cover some of the most pressing questions regarding the lottery, including its statistics, its legality, its impact on education, and its addiction potential. We’ll also discuss the various strategies lottery operators use to attract new players and increase their winnings. But what’s the bottom line? Is the lottery a good investment for businesses and society? The answer will be largely determined by a number of factors, including the location and quality of the lottery’s advertising.
According to the National Survey of Gambling and Compulsive Addiction, lottery players spend an average of $597 per year. The figures vary by race, income and gender, but players from lower-income households are most likely to play. People with lower education levels and African-Americans are more likely to play the lottery. While lottery winners are relatively optimistic about their chances of winning the jackpot, it’s worth noting that lottery winnings are typically in the low-to-mid fifties.
The first question that comes to your mind is whether a lottery is legal. Legally, the lottery should be run by the state government. Private individuals are not permitted to sell the tickets. Lotteries generated massive sales and tax revenue and are considered a great way for governments to increase their earnings. This money can then be used for social welfare programs. The answer depends on the state lottery in question. Here are some things that you should know.
Impact on education
The state-run lottery has been the subject of much research on the impact of government spending. It has been found that lottery earmarks can significantly increase spending per pupil. However, the question is, does the lottery earmarks program actually empower students? What are the pros and cons of lottery funding for education? Will it help or hurt education? How do we protect students’ rights? This article will outline some of the pros and cons of lottery funding for education.
The low number of problem lottery gamblers in the United Kingdom is due in part to the low cost of tickets. This may also be because most people who play the lottery regularly are unaware that the practice can be addictive. In addition, many lottery outlets are not located in areas with higher incomes. Nevertheless, the low number of problem lottery gamblers suggests that more research is needed to determine the extent of lottery addiction. Therefore, the study will focus on three key questions.
Many of the costs associated with operating a lottery are unrelated to the number of winners. In California, for example, the Lottery spends $1.2 million each year on a television program. This television program is seen on some commercial television stations, but it is typically broadcast on public access cable stations. The amount the Lottery spends on radio spots has not been determined by the Lottery, but one producer has estimated that it amounts to about $0.4 million.
Interested in learning more about Lottery promotions? The Texas Lottery sponsors several community events and arts and culture activities. You can also learn about Lottery retailer promotions. These promotions are available at selected locations and may be subject to change without notice. In addition to sponsoring community events, the Lottery offers several promotional benefits to retailers. Below are some of the more popular Lottery promotions available to consumers. Read on to learn more. | <urn:uuid:2f405316-3600-4e93-a540-42ada377e23e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gastecbg.com | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.970657 | 690 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Loons need our protection as much as lakes do.
We’ve partnered with Maine Audubon to recognize homeowners whose practices protect loon habitats. The Loon Smart Award of Merit is open to all persons whose properties have been certified or re-certified for the LakeSmart Award within 5 years of a Loon Smart Evaluation. Standards include both land use on the property as well as the practices and commitments of property owner(s).
LakeSmart Awardees who qualify are given the LoonSmart sticker showing a loon and baby chick.This sticker is added to the LakeSmart Award signs of these outstanding lake stewards.
Loon Smart Standards:
- Landscaping: Direct most or all stormwater runoff to a vegetated buffer or other “best management practice.”
- Shoreline vegetation buffer: Buffers should consist of three or more tiers of vegetation and be at least 10 feet wide.
- Predators: Contain trash and other food sources (pet food, bird seed) so as to not attract predators.
- Boating: Get up-close views only with binoculars! Remain at a distance from loons, especially when they have young. Maintain headway speed within 200 feet of the shore, in accordance with Maine law. “Fish Lead-Free” and properly dispose of monofilament line, including any found in lake or onshore.
- Spread the word: Share information about Loon Smart with three or more of your neighbors.
For more information about LoonSmart, please contact [email protected] | <urn:uuid:c01a05a1-b851-4b35-a16b-1fc1bf92d628> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lakes.me/loonsmart | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.928137 | 327 | 1.679688 | 2 |
When we were recording a radio show today, Judge Ken Wise, arguing for waterboarding, said “it’s a big world out there,” as though there were things that we cloistered Americans couldn’t understand.
Unlike most Americans, I’ve lived in that big world: I spent half of my childhood overseas. My dad worked for the CIA for 25 years, and his work took the family to postings in Germany, in India, and in Thailand. So much of my view of America is based on how it looks from outside. Way outside — in 1987, the world was much rounder than it is now, and India was a lot farther from the U.S. There was no email or internet, and mail between New Delhi and the U.S. — through the State Department — took two weeks each way.
The threat of terrorism was constant and real during my formative years overseas. The world did not change on 9/11; Americans’ perception of the world changed. 9/11 taught Americans at home something that those of us abroad had known for a long time: the world is a dangerous place. Be watchful, and live your life.
We saw, in India in the 80s, people lined up early every day outside the Embassy to try to get visas to the United States; they’re probably still lining up there today. They weren’t there because America is safe, but because America is free.
We knew, growing up in India in the 80s, about countries that were not free. The Soviet Union, East Germany, and the rest of the Eastern Bloc, where neighbors informed on neighbors, brothers on sisters, and children on parents. Syria, Iran, Uganda, and much of the rest of the non-Western world, where brutal governments tortured accused criminals before show trials.
And we knew, we knew that America was different. America was better than that. America was the good guy. America was Jimmy Stewart and Gary Cooper and John Wayne. America didn’t have a KGB encouraging people to inform on each other. Americans didn’t torture. Good guys help the less fortunate, good guys don’t pick fights, and good guys don’t torture. There was never really any question about that. Did it make us less safe? The question didn’t even come up. It was a matter of principle.
America is free not because of government, but despite it — because, government be damned, we hold some truths to be self-evident, and Americans have been willing to defend those principles for 233 years with their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor.
A man needs a code to live by; so does a nation, and America isn’t living by its code. Maybe these principles have been illusory from the beginning, or maybe I’m naive to hold on to them when everyone else is willing to sacrifice them to the exigencies of the imaginary post-9/11 world. But even if they never were, or no longer are, America’s principles, they are still mine.
So I’m mad about the torture memos like I’m mad about our government turning the United States into a nation of informers, and for the same reason: because something entirely contrary to my principles has been done in my name.
As a criminal-defense lawyer, I’m doing what little I can about our slow decline into a nation of informants. There’s something more immediate I can do about our faster decline into a nation that tortures.
I have no animus against the CIA or those who work there. While I was in high school, I used to take some of the local CIA officers’ money in the Wednesday night poker game; I worked in the Office of Technical Services at CIA’s New Headquarters Building for the summer after my freshman year in college. The CIA was, and no doubt still is, staffed by good people doing tough jobs well for a lot less money than they could have earned in the private sector.
That was a long time ago — more than 20 years — but some of my friends might well have been involved in torturing KSM. I’m motivated not by a desire for retribution, but for deterrence. I don’t want to see more human beings put in prison if it can be avoided, but something has to be done so that our principles are not betrayed again. | <urn:uuid:9b6d74d9-4289-4a9e-a029-c631d9c4c47b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://defendingpeople.com/2009/04/24/why-the-torture-memos-upset-me/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974058 | 929 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Where and when did agriculture most likely begin?
Most anthropologists agree that settled agriculture began in the Fertile Crescent in Mesopotamia around 8-10,000 B.C. Its spread across the ancient world allowed humans to stop their daily search for food and exert their energies into creating society.
What is agriculture and where did it begin?
KQ #1: What is agriculture, and where did agriculture begin? Geographers believe that plant domestication began in Asia & South America over 14,000 years ago Led to the planned cultivation of root crops Geographers believe that seed crop cultivation began around 12,000 years ago in the Nile River Valley and Mesopotamia regions
Where should I start a farm?
How to Start a Hobby Farm
- Research. Before you begin anything, you always need to research. …
- Plant a Garden. Next, you’ll want to use this research to plant a garden. …
- Invest in Livestock. You will then want to invest in your livestock. …
- Find Ways to Save Money. Finally, you’ll want to look for ways to save money. …
Where did farming first develop?
- Cochrane, Willard W. The Development of American Agriculture: A Historical Analysis (University of Minnesota P, 1993)
- Fite, Gilbert C. (1983). …
- Gras, Norman. A History of Agriculture in Europe and America, (F.S. …
- Gray, L.C. …
- Hart, John Fraser. …
- Hurt, R. …
- Mundlak, Yair (2005). …
- O’Sullivan, Robin. …
- Rasmussen, Wayne D., ed. …
- Robert, Joseph C. …
Where did the agriculture begin?
Agriculture originated in a few small hubs around the world, but probably first in the Fertile Crescent, a region of the Near East including parts of modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan.
When did the agriculture begin?
about 11,700 years agoAgriculture has no single, simple origin. A wide variety of plants and animals have been independently domesticated at different times and in numerous places. The first agriculture appears to have developed at the closing of the last Pleistocene glacial period, or Ice Age (about 11,700 years ago).
When and where was agriculture invented?
The earliest evidence of agricultural cultivation is from around 21,000 BC with the Ohalo II people on the shores of the Sea of Galilee. By around 9500 BC, the eight Neolithic founder crops – emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chickpeas, and flax – were cultivated in the Levant.
When did the agriculture start and end?
Overview. Agriculture likely began during the Neolithic Era before roughly 9000 BCE when polished stone tools were developed and the last ice age ended.
What is the brief history of agriculture?
The history of agriculture is the story of humankind’s development and cultivation of processes for producing food, feed, fiber, fuel, and other goods by the systematic raising of plants and animals. Prior to the development of plant cultivation, human beings were hunters and gatherers.
When did the Agricultural Revolution start?
about 12,000 years agoThe Neolithic Revolution—also referred to as the Agricultural Revolution—is thought to have begun about 12,000 years ago. It coincided with the end of the last ice age and the beginning of the current geological epoch, the Holocene.
How agriculture first started in the world?
The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Pigs, sheep, and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago.
When did agriculture begin in Mesopotamia?
The regular flooding along the Tigris and the Euphrates made the land around them especially fertile and ideal for growing crops for food. That made it a prime spot for the Neolithic Revolution, also called the Agricultural Revolution, that began to take place almost 12,000 years ago.
When did agriculture start in India?
Agriculture was well established throughout most of the subcontinent by 6000–5000 bp. During the 5th millennium bp, in the alluvial plains of the Indus River in Pakistan, the cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa experienced an apparent explosion of an organized, sophisticated urban culture.
When did agriculture begin in Africa?
THE INDEPENDENT ORIGIN OF AFRICAN AGRICULTURE Farming did eventually emerge independently in West Africa at about 3000 BCE. It first appeared in the fertile plains on the border between present-day Nigeria and Cameroon. It is possible there finally was a “Garden of Eden” there to “trap” people into early farming.
What is the origin of food and agriculture?
Scientists believe that agriculture was established first in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East about ten or eleven thousand years B.C.E. The region was home to a variety of edible and easily cultivated crops: wheat and barley among the cereal crops, and lentils, peas, and chickpeas among the vegetables.
When did agriculture begin?
The first agriculture appears to have developed at the closing of the last Pleistocene glacial period, or Ice Age (about 11,700 years ago).
Why do archaeologists study agricultural origins?
Because some resource management practices, such as intensively tending nondomesticated nut-bearing trees, bridge the boundary between foraging and farming, archaeologists investigating agricultural origins generally frame their work in terms of a continuum of subsistence practices.
What is plant and animal management?
Plant and animal management was and is a familiar concept within hunting and gathering cultures, but it took on new dimensions as natural selection and mutation produced phenotypes that were increasingly reliant upon people.
Which Native American peoples developed complex methods to manage diverse sets of plants and animals?
For instance, Australian Aborigines and many of the Native American peoples of western North America developed complex methods to manage diverse sets of plants and animals, often including (but not limited to) cultivation.
Where do dogs get their meat from?
When considered in terms of food management, dogs may have been initially domesticated as hunting companions, while meat and milk could be obtained more reliably from herds of sheep, goats, reindeer, or cattle than from their wild counterparts or other game animals.
Does agriculture have to be a response to food scarcity?
Notably, agriculture does not appear to have developed in particularly impoverished settings; domestication does not seem to have been a response to food scarcity or deprivation. In fact, quite the opposite appears to be the case.
When did rice and millet farming start?
The origins of rice and millet farming date to around 6,000 B.C.E.
What was the farming revolution?
Taking root around 12,000 years ago, agriculture triggered such a change in society and the way in which people lived that its development has been dubbed the ” Neolithic Revolution.”. Traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyles, followed by humans since their evolution, were swept aside in favor of permanent settlements …
What mutation occurred during the spread of farming into southeastern Europe?
But at some point during the spread of farming into southeastern Europe, a mutation occurred for lactose tolerance that increased in frequency through natural selection thanks to the nourishing benefits of milk.
What is the meaning of “agriculture”?
agriculture. Noun. the art and science of cultivating land for growing crops (farming) or raising livestock (ranching). annual plant. Noun. plant with a life cycle of no more than one year, and often much less. barley. Noun. grass cultivated as a grain.
How long ago did goats come to Europe?
Dates for the domestication of these animals range from between 13,000 to 10,000 years ago. Genetic studies show that goats and other livestock accompanied the westward spread of agriculture into Europe, helping to revolutionize Stone Age society. While the extent to which farmers themselves migrated west remains a subject of debate, …
Where did the wild produce originate?
The wild progenitors of crops including wheat, barley and peas are traced to the Near East region. Cereals were grown in Syria as long as 9,000 years ago, while figs were cultivated even earlier; prehistoric seedless fruits discovered in the Jordan Valley suggest fig trees were being planted some 11,300 years ago. Though the transition from wild harvesting was gradual, the switch from a nomadic to a settled way of life is marked by the appearance of early Neolithic villages with homes equipped with grinding stones for processing grain.
When was the prehistoric period?
prehistoric period where human ancestors made and used stone tools, lasting from roughly 2.5 million years ago to 7000 BCE. movement from one position to another. most widely grown cereal in the world.
Where did farming originate?
The idea that farming began in a single population came from initial archaeological discoveries in one part of the Mideast — the Southern Levant , says Melinda Zeder, an archaeologist at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, who wasn’t involved in the study.
Where was the first farm in the world?
The Zagros Mountain range, which lies at the border between Iran and Iraq, was home to some of the world’s earliest farmers. The Zagros Mountain range, which lies at the border between Iran and Iraq, was home to some of the world’s earliest farmers. Sometime around 12,000 years ago, our hunter-gatherer ancestors began trying their hand at farming.
Where did the Stone Age farmers come from?
Just last month, he published a study that found that late Stone Age farmers from the Turkey region had migrated north into Europe and introduced farming there. So understandably, he had expected to be able to trace European agriculture all the way back to the eastern Fertile Crescent. But that’s not what the DNA said.
When did hunter-gatherers start farming?
Sometime around 12,000 years ago, our hunter-gatherer ancestors began trying their hand at farming. First, they grew wild varieties of crops like peas, lentils and barley and herded wild animals like goats and wild oxen. Centuries later, they switched to farming full time, breeding both animals and plants, creating new varieties and breeds.
Did farming start in the fertile crescent?
In other words, farming was long believed to have been started by one group of ancestral humans. But a new study suggests something different — that multiple groups of people in the Fertile Crescent started agriculture, and these groups were genetically distinct from one another.
Where did agriculture originate?
We believe that it emerged independently and spread from places as varied as Mesopotamia, China, South America and sub-Saharan Africa. As we explore more, it is likely that scientists will find more places where agriculture may have emerged even earlier. The birth of agriculture is often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution since it seems to coincide with the Neolithic period—or new stone age. The Neolithic period’s name stems from the fact that stone artifacts were more smooth and refined than those of the Paleolithic period, or old stone age. Many of these tools facilitated early agriculture.
What is the birth of agriculture called?
The birth of agriculture is often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution since it seems to coincide with the Neolithic period—or new stone age.
What is the name of the branch of agriculture that herds animals?
Pastoralism: a branch of agriculture. A branch of agriculture—called pastoralism—began around the same time as cultivation of plants. Pastoralism is the domestication and herding of animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle.
Why did preagricultural societies need more energy?
For many of these preagricultural societies, a good bit of their energy went into just getting more energy—in other words, food—to keep going and reproduce. There also couldn’t be too many humans living in one area since there was only so much food to be found or killed .
What is the relationship between pastoralists and farmers?
Pastoralists’ military-related artifacts suggest that they may have come into conflict with farming societies; however, in other cases, pastoralists traded goods with farmers in a cooperative relationship.
Why did many societies switch from hunting and foraging to settled agriculture?
One of these theories is that a surplus in production led to greater population. Not everyone needed to be focused on food production, which led to specialization of labor and complex societies.
How long have humans been around?
Based on current archeological evidence, anatomically modern humans have existed roughly 200,000-300,000 years. However, before roughly 15,000-20,000 years ago, we have no evidence that our ancestors had agriculture. Instead, we believe they strictly hunted or foraged for food.
Why is agriculture a cultural phenomenon?
Because it is a cultural phenomenon, agriculture has varied considerably across time and space. Domesticated plants and animals have been (and continue to be) raised at scales ranging from the household to massive commercial operations.
What happens to plants and animals over time?
Over time, some plants and animals have become domesticated, or dependent on these and other human interventions for their long-term propagation or survival.
Is agriculture an environmental engineer?
Agriculture has often been conceptualized narrowly, in terms of specific combinations of activities and organisms—wet-rice production in Asia, wheat farming in Europe, cattle ranching in the Americas, and the like—but a more holistic perspective holds that humans are environmental engineers who disrupt terrestrial habitats in specific ways. | <urn:uuid:a418ec06-c4a1-49ab-b9b1-d622e2597200> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://agrifarmingtips.com/when-and-where-did-agriculture-start/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95344 | 2,910 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Despite a lawsuit’s claim, the science doesn’t back the claim that Skittles contain a “known toxin” that makes them “unfit for human consumption.”
Articles by Food Science Babe
Food apps are, at best, inaccurate, biased, and nonsensical. At worst, they are harmful and lead to eating disorders and cause people to waste safe foods.
Here is why artificial or natural flavoring in certain foods don’t taste like their whole food counterparts — or at least what we’d expect them to taste like.
There’s so much misinformation from the EWG, it’s best to ditch the Dirty Dozen and eat your fruits and vegetables, no matter how you acquire them.
From valid concerns about pesticides and mold to misinterpretations of FDA rules about allowable of insects, there are quite many coffee myths to clear up.
Understanding food marketing labels can help you make purchasing decisions based on facts rather than unnecessary fears of “toxic” pesticides or “GMOs.”
There seem to be quite a few misconceptions regarding “natural flavors,” “artificial flavors,” and “spices” on food labels. This will clear them up.
In the spirit of helping to stop the spread of misinformation, here are 10 food and nutrition misconceptions to leave behind this new year.
Hopefully the bioengineered label will help to educate consumers about the safety of bioengineered foods, as well as their nutritional value and food security.
Hopefully the wheat myths that spread on social media will subside and unnecessarily restricting gluten will become a thing of the past. | <urn:uuid:fe97f69d-6445-441a-af4d-f49859ab26a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.agdaily.com/writer/food-science-babe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.937429 | 347 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Billroth was born at Bergen auf Rügen in the Kingdom of Prussia, the son of a pastor. His father died of tuberculosis when he was five years old. He attended school in Greifswald where he obtained his Abitur degree in 1848. Billroth was an indifferent student, and spent more time practicing piano than studying. Torn between a career as a musician or as a physician, he acceded to his mother's wishes and enrolled himself at the University of Greifswald to study Medicine, but gave up the whole of his first term to the study of music; Professor Wilhelm Baum, however, took him with him to Göttingen, and his medical career was fixed. He then followed Professor Baum to the University of Göttingen, and completed his medical doctorate at the Frederick william University of Berlin in 1852. Along with Rudolph Wagner (1805–1864) and Georg Meissner (1829–1905), Billroth went to Trieste to study the torpedo fish.
From 1853 to 1860 Billroth was an assistant in Bernhard von Langenbeck’s surgical clinic at the Charité in Berlin. There he was also apprenticed to Carl Langenbuch. In 1860, Billroth accepted an offer from the University of Zurich to become the Chair of Clinical Surgery, becoming Director of the surgical hospital and clinic in Zurich. The beginning of his career in Switzerland was unpromising: during his first semester of teaching, he had only ten students, and he himself said that the income he received from his private practice was insufficient to pay for his morning cup of coffee. His reputation quickly grew however; Billroth had an infectious personality, attracting both students and surgical trainees to his ranks. He was loved by his students, and was an effective undergraduate as well as graduate Teacher. Students flocked to his lectures, and with the cooperation of energetic colleagues, he was able to raise the Medical Faculty of Zurich to a prominent position among German speaking schools in only a few years.
Billroth was a talented amateur Pianist and Violinist. He met Brahms in the 1860s, when the Composer was a rising star of the Viennese musical scene. They became close friends and shared musical insights. Brahms frequently sent Billroth his original manuscripts in order to get his opinion before publication, and Billroth participated as a musician in trial rehearsals of many of Brahms' chamber works before their first performances. Brahms dedicated his first two string quartets, Opus 51, to Billroth.
While in Zurich, Billroth published his classic textbook Die allgemeine chirurgische Pathologie und Therapie (General Surgical Pathology and Therapy) (1863). At the same time he introduced the concept of audits, publishing all results, good and bad, which automatically resulted in honest discussion on morbidity, mortality, and techniques – with resultant improvements in patient selection.
He was appointed professor of surgery at the University of Vienna in 1867, in succession to Franz Schuh; there, he practiced surgery as chief of the Second Surgical Clinic at the Allgemeine Krankenhaus (Vienna General Hospital). Though he laid the foundation of his fame at Zurich, it was in Vienna, a larger and more conspicuous theater, that he established himself as the power that he was in the surgical world.
He did not limit himself to surgery only, and conducted extensive research on an ailment that affected many surgery patients at the time: wound fever. His treatise on wound fever, Untersuchungen über die Vegetationsformen von Coccobacteria septica (1874; “Investigations of the Vegetal Forms of Coccobacteria septica”) concluded that the cause was bacterial; Billroth was quick to use antiseptic techniques in his surgical practice, and the number of surgical patients afflicted with wound fever greatly decreased. With the threat of fatal surgical infections lessened through his work and others’, Billroth proceeded to turn his attention to surgery and the pioneering field of altering or removing organs that had previously been considered inaccessible.
An early adopter of the "white coat" (as shown in Seligmann's c.1890 painting), Billroth was directly responsible for a number of landmarks in surgery; in 1872, he was the first to conduct an esophagectomy, removing a section of the oesophagus and joining the remaining parts together. In 1873, he performed the first laryngectomy, completely excising a larynx. He was the first surgeon to excise a rectal cancer and by 1876, he had performed 33 such operations. By 1881, Billroth had made intestinal surgery seem almost commonplace. But his most famous accomplishment is unquestionably the first successful gastrectomy for gastric cancer. On January 29, 1881, after many ill-fated attempts, Billroth performed the first successful resection for antral carcinoma on Therese Heller, who lived for almost 4 months and died of liver metastases. He accomplished this operation by closing the greater curvature side of the stomach and anatomizing the lesser curvature to the duodenum, in an operation that is still known as the Billroth I to this day.
Billroth's literary activity was widespread, with the total number of published books and papers of which he was the author numbering about one hundred and forty. He collaborated, with von Pitha in a Textbook of General and Special Surgery (1882). To this, Billroth contributed the section on Scrofulosis and Tuberculosis, Injuries and Diseases of the Breast, Instruments and Operations, Burns, Frostbites, etc.
In 1887 Billroth was made a member of the Austrian Herrenhaus, "House of Lords"; a distinction rarely bestowed on members of the medical profession.
Billroth and Brahms, together with the acerbic and influential Viennese music critic Eduard Hanslick, formed the core of the musical conservatives who opposed the innovations of Richard Wagner and Franz Liszt. In the conflict, known as the War of the Romantics, Billroth supported Brahms, but was always fair and measured in his comments. "Wagner was indeed a very considerable talent in many directions," he wrote in 1888.
During the Franco-Prussian War, Billroth did excellent work in the military hospital at Mannheim and Weissenburg, treating a variety of horrific battlefield injuries with aggressive and ambitious surgeries; he embodied his experience of war surgery in his Surgical Letters from Mannheim and Weissenburg. He was so impressed by the horrors of war, that he was ever afterwards an ardent advocate of peace. On December 3, 1891, he delivered an address on the care of the wounded in war which made a profound sensation and led to large sums of money being voted by the Austrian legislative chambers for the provision of adequate means of succour for the wounded. | <urn:uuid:58004408-e7f1-4538-8fba-26def9662d6d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.networthlist.org/theodor-billroth-net-worth-59318 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.98166 | 1,444 | 2.546875 | 3 |
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Through flames and smoke that dauntless heart
Responded firmly still,
“ With God's good help I will !”
They scorch his hands and brow,
Ah ! he is conquered now !
He crushes down his pain,
He guides the ship again.
Brave heart, thy task is o'er ;
The steamer touches shore.
In praise to God, that He
And from the engulfing sea.
The captain saw him reel-
He sank beside the wheel.
Blackened with smoke and fire.
A nobler funeral pyre !
THE DUTIES OF A CHAIRMAN. It will be generally admitted by those who have had any experience in the conducting of public meetings that it is the exception, and not the rule, to meet with a thoroughly competent chairman. How many, even intelligent men, if they happen to be asked or called upon to preside at a club, committee, council, benevolent, social, religious, or political meeting, candidly confess that they are not acquainted with “the duties of a chairman,” and beg to be excused. Such being the case, it may not be considered out of place, in a work dealing with the essentials for public speaking, that we should also consider a few things which are needful to secure the proper government of a public meeting. We live in times when the importance of meetings of all kinds is almost universally recognized. By means of discussion we are enabled in a rational, peaceful, and manly method, to bring to maturity schemes for promoting the welfare and glory of our country-settle conflicting differences-maintain and defend our civil and religious rights, and in this way help forward the cause of enlightenment, patriotism, morality, and religion.
Now, it must be self-evident that if we are to secure such inestimable advantages, we should be willing to do everything we can to be properly prepared when the time arrives. By all means learn to speak well, and to accompany proper utterances with becoming action, but what will these do unless we can also avail ourselves of the best methods to command the attention of an audience. We can only expect to do so by laying down and carrying out such rules as may be found to work well in the government of public meetings. Of course we can only give here, as in the other cases, mere hints, or a sketch of those things which are of first importance.
Let us notice THE DUTIES OF A CHAIRMAN. As so much depends upon who is appointed, and how the appointment is made, it is needful to bear in mind the following points.
1. The person selected should be one held in respect, and not, as is too often the case, because of his rank, wealth, or local position, independently of his qualifications for the post.
2. When such a person is selected, at the time for the opening of the business (or previously, as may be needful sometimes), someone should be ready to propose and second the nomination, and if another, or others, are so proposed, it is desirable to let the meeting settle for itself which is preferred. If elected, let every man who loves order and wishes well to his country, accept the post, and do his duty to the best of his ability, whatever the demand may be.
3. Speeches of any kind, whether of disclaimers, or protests of unfitness, or the superior claims of others, &c., however brief, should not be allowed until a proper chairman has been elected, seated, and a meeting properly opened.
4. As a rule the chairman's speech is expected to be short, hence the adage, “Blessed is the chairman who maketh a short
speech, for he shall be invited again.” Apart from this however, as the presiding officer whose duty it is to see everything done decently and in order, he will have to hear and know everything which goes on, so that he may clearly realise what is to be done, and at times suggest the best step to be taken to do it.
5. In taking the chair, where different views are expected to be advocated, it is inferred that for the time being the chairman resigns all thought of promoting his own views, but sees that justice and equity are conceded to all alike. If not ready to do this, then it should be stated at once from the chair, and the meeting asked to elect another.
6. ln opening the proceedings it is the duty of the chairman distinctly, yet briefly, to state the object for which the meeting is called ; if by requisition, bill, or other document, he should read it in a clear voice, and then point out what, in his judg. ment, is the best course to be pursued, and ask for a quiet, patient hearing for each speaker,
7. The chairman's decision as to points of order are not debateable, unless he entertain doubts on the subject and invite discussion.
8. If there is an appeal against his decision as to a point of order, he should put the question thus to the meeting : “Shall the decision of the chair be sustained ?"
9. When two or more persons rise to speak at the same time, the chairman alone should decide who is entitled to speak.
10. When a person is speaking no one should be allowed to interrupt, except to call to order, or to ask leave to explain. A person who is allowed “ to explain,” has only the right to explain an actual misunderstanding of language, and not to go into the merits of the case in discussion.
11. Should a motion or resolution be submitted to the meet. ing, and no one rise to second it, he should ask, “Does anyone second the motion ?”
12. If no one seconds the motion, there is an end to it, but if seconded, it should be read again distinctly, and it is then in order for discussion, opposition, or amendment. If there is no objection, after giving a reasonable opportunity, it should be put to the meeting, and the votes taken by show of hands for and against, and the result stated clearly to the meeting.
13. If there is a call for the question to be divided, the majority of the meeting must decide. But it ought never to be entertained, unless when it is so divided, it shall leave distinct and entire propositions.
14. An objection to the resolution, to be in order, must take the following forms—it must be an AMENDMENT, or in some way to Negative the motion, care being taken to note that a direct negative is no amendment; or to POSTPONE, or to ADJOURN the meeting, or the PREVIOUS QUESTION. It is important that, whichever of these courses be adopted, the speaker should address himself to it, and not waste the time of the meeting.
15. The chairman should see that every resolution submitted is in harmony with the purpose for which the meeting has been called. Every motion must take the affirmative form, i.e., that something is or SHALL BE.
16. An AMENDMENT, as it is called, should be an improvement on the resolution.
17. A motion to amend an amendment should not be entertained.
18. As an amendment to “strike out and insert,” the paragraph to be amended ought first to be read as it stands, then the words proposed to be struck out, and those proposed to be inserted, and finally, the whole paragraph as amended.
19. TO POSTPONE its consideration. This is often proposed with the view of resisting a motion without moving an amendment,
20, The PREVIOUS QUESTION is really the question whether the motion shall, or shall not be put to the vote. It is moved and seconded to close the debate, and to save throwing upon the Chairman the unpleasantness of closing the debate, or elude the further discussion of a resolution. If carried, of course the motion is dropped.
21. A motion to ADJOURN can be made at any time, and repeated over and over again, provided the time to which it is proposed to adjourn be altered, provided it is not made : (a), when a person has possession of the floor ; (b), when a vote is being taken ; (c), when the previous question is ordered to be taken.
22. A motion to adjourn simply cannot be amended, but a motion to adjourn to a given time is open to debate.
23. A motion having been moved and seconded, cannot be withdrawn, save with the consent of the meeting.
24. The right of reply belongs to the mover of a resolution but not to the mover of an amendment. But no new subject must be introduced in the second speech.
25. In taking the votes for and against, the votes on the amendment must be taken first for the amendment, and then against the amendment. If a majority is for it, the original motion as amended is put as a substantive motion. If a majority be against the amendment, then the voting must be taken on the original motion for and against. This may be also outvoted, as sometimes people may choose to let things remain as they are.
26. When the business is concluded the Chairman should so declare it, but wait for a moment to see if any other business is to be introduced. It is almost a general practice for some person to move a vote of thanks to the Chairman, and that being seconded, is put to the meeting by the mover. When carried, the Chairman should return thanks, courteously and briefly.
27. The Chairman should alone call to ORDER. The meet. ing should at all times aid this by enforcing attention to “THE CHAIR.” | <urn:uuid:d2c9dcde-7afb-46b8-bcd4-047fa979b241> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.ru/books?id=TioCAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA240&focus=viewport&vq=%22Did+I+the+tired+Caesar.+And+this+man+Is+now+become+a+god+%3B+and+Cassius+is+A+wretched+creature,%22&dq=editions:ISBN1011033070&lr=&hl=ru&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.964325 | 2,082 | 2 | 2 |
Orijen Senior dog food is a special diet that provides more calories from protein and fat rather than from carbohydrates. This helps to maintain a healthy weight for your senior pet. This dry food formula contains a Biologically Appropriate protein level of 38% to promote lean muscle mass. This food is packed with 85% meat inclusions from six different sources. This includes free-run poultry, wild-caught fish and nest-laid eggs. Orijen’s award-winning kitchens produce nutrient-dense WholePrey ratios to provide your pet with all the necessary nutrients, naturally. Zinc is the only added supplement.
Dry dog food Specially made for senior dogs 85% meat inclusions, 15% botanicals 0% grains, potato, tapioca Chicken, Turkey Flounder, Atlantic Mackerel and Herring Nest-laid eggs 2/3rd of the meat inclusions are fresh or frozen without preservatives 1/3rd of the meat are dehydrated without preservatives Nutrient-dense WholePrey Ratios Freeze-dried chicken and turkey liver make this meal palatable Formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles Made in Canada Consult a vet before altering your pet’s diet Always have fresh water available for your pet Never feed above recommended quantities unless prescribed by a vet.
85% MEAT | 15% FRUITS & VEGETABLES Fresh chicken meat (13%), fresh whole eggs (7%), fresh turkey meat (7%), fresh whole herring (7%), fresh chicken liver (6%), fresh whole flounder (4%), fresh turkey liver (4%), fresh chicken necks (4%), fresh chicken heart (4%), fresh turkey heart (4%), chicken (dehydrated, 4%), turkey (dehydrated, 4%), whole mackerel (dehydrated, 4%), whole sardine (dehydrated, 4%), whole herring (dehydrated, 4%), whole red lentils, whole green lentils, whole green peas, lentil fiber, whole chickpeas, whole yellow peas, whole pinto beans, chicken cartilage (1%), whole navy beans, herring oil (1%), chicken fat (1%), turkey cartilage (1%), chicken liver (freeze-dried), turkey liver (freeze-dried), fresh whole pumpkin, fresh whole butternut squash, fresh whole zucchini, fresh whole parsnips, fresh carrots, fresh whole red delicious apples, fresh whole bartlett pears, fresh kale, fresh spinach, fresh beet greens, fresh turnip greens, brown kelp, whole cranberries, whole blueberries, whole saskatoon berries, chicory root, turmeric root, milk thistle, burdock root, lavender, marshmallow root, rosehips, Enterococcus faecium.
ADDITIVES PER KG:
Nutritional additives: Zinc chelate: 100 mg. *Orijen’s Biologically AppropriatePhilosophy-Our pet dog and cat companions are descendants of wild wolves and big cats. Anatomically, they continue to have features that are designed for a meat-based diet. It is to suit these biological needs that Orijen’s food recipes have a large meat protein content. This diet takes into consideration three key points – Nutrient-dense WholePrey ratios – so all nutrients are supplied naturally through the meat inclusions Regionally sourced meats that are prepared in-house to control quality and freshness Variety of meats, naturally reared to provide ample nutrition | <urn:uuid:22d5a369-b9e4-4649-9e08-705279ce873f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thansipets.com/products/orijen-senior-dog-food/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.860075 | 754 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Make better advertising decisions and improve your marketing efforts by understanding how digital ads performance is measured. Learn how to properly set-up Google Ads and Google Analytics measurement solutions, and put insights into action to improve your Google Ads performance.
After completing this foundational Google Ads - Measurement learning path, you'll be able to:
- Translate your marketing objectives into measurable actions
- Set up tracking to effectively measure sales, app downloads/installs, and/or leads
- Understand how to analyze and action on insights from your conversion tracking data
- Choose the right attribution model for your business goals
Note: Some courses contain links to sites that may not be available in your preferred language or that require you to select your language. | <urn:uuid:e7e514f8-b175-41fd-a002-8809fe1a45a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://skillshop.exceedlms.com/student/path/17995-learn-the-fundamentals-of-google-ads-campaign-measurement?sid=6683bec9-933b-4824-8e03-6f2f0e82d033&sid_i=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.896118 | 147 | 1.601563 | 2 |
by Thomas Dionne, Matthew Lawton, and Harry Samolchuk
The early planning phase of a construction project is an exciting time for commercial, industrial, and institutional business clients. It is also a time when unconscious choices, laden with unwanted interior impact, may become baked into a project if careful forethought is not applied to all details. Here are a few common unintended consequences that can arise in the absence of proper professional guidance, as well as tips to avoid these missteps via careful planning and design.
Give Yourself Enough Space.
Simple as it may sound, one of the most common early mistakes, especially on manufacturing sector projects or warehouse spaces, is not allowing for adequate clear heights. For instance, important machinery might narrowly fit within the specs of your walls, but will they clear that sprinkler system or intercom speaker you want to install? To avoid this, be sure to verify the dimensions of your largest machinery and build in extra room for “X-factor” physical objects.
Perform a “Soundcheck.”
Failure to consider acoustics can leave you with a beautiful space to work in that is too loud for anyone to get their work done. In situations where loud equipment must coexist with quiet office space, soundproofing and sound-dampening solutions should be considered early on. In healthcare facilities or HR spaces, minimal sound transmission is a required privacy safeguard. It is important to understand how design choices will impact your aural landscape; as many restauranteurs have discovered, exposed ceilings are a stylish look, but they also amp up the volume. If noise is a concern, budget for materials with an appropriate sound-transmission class (STC) and consider situations where additional insulation may be necessary, using products with a suitable noise-reduction coefficient (NRC).
Plan for the Realities of Day-to-day Usage.
Everyone loves a stylish design, but not at the expense of practical functionality. For example, big, open spaces are popular, however if taken to an extreme, they may also come with a gnarly mess of extension cords upon day-to-day usage, as a lack of columns and walls may translate to a lack of conveniently located power ports. This practical dilemma can easily be avoided while retaining an “open” look and feel by utilizing a minimalist (as opposed to a nonexistent) approach to columns, which can be seamlessly and attractively integrated into open floor plans. Such a method is also likely to be significantly less expensive than clear-span spaces and their accompanying long-span trusses.
These are just a few of the many design considerations when planning a new construction project, and the more you know, the better prepared you will be to bring your vision to reality without undesirable repercussions. Ultimately, however, the good news for owners is that you do not need to intuitively understand all these calculations when you hire an experienced design-build firm, which should anticipate and educate clients on such matters and steer you toward design choices that are both stylish and sensible.
Thomas Dionne is vice president of preconstruction services; Matthew Lawton is assistant vice president of architecture; and Harry Samolchuk is vice president of planning and design at Connolly Brothers. | <urn:uuid:02a9572a-fc78-48d8-94c3-ff8f9c01717a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.high-profile.com/avoid-unintended-interior-consequences-with-careful-planning-and-design/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.950814 | 663 | 1.820313 | 2 |
“President Hassan Rohani’s adviser for ethnic groups and religious minorities, visited a church and a synagogue in the city of Shiraz”
Ayatollah Abdol-Hamid Masoumi-Tehrani perfecting an illuminated work of calligraphy. The words used in this piece are from the writings of Baha’u’llah.
NEW YORK – The ground-breaking gift of a senior Iranian cleric to the worldwide Baha’i community is beginning to stir a global conversation about religious co-existence and freedom of religion.
More statements of support for the actions and words of Ayatollah Abdol-Hamid Masoumi-Tehrani have been issued in the United Kingdom and India, and other prominent individuals are offering comments in the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States.
The response comes after Ayatollah Tehrani bravely gave to the Baha’is of the world a calligraphic rendering of Baha’i sacred verses, along with a plea for religious “co-existence”.
Harry van Bommel, a Member of Parliament in the Netherlands, published news of Ayatollah Tehrani’s actions on his blog, saying: “The action of this Ayatollah is important and does not stand alone. There are a growing number of religious scholars who together form a constructive and principled voice [for religious co-existence] that deserves to be supported and promoted.”
At the heart of the work are the following words: “Consort with the followers of all religions with amity and concord.”
The calligraphic work was accompanied by a three-page statement, which, among other things, said:
“I present this precious symbol – an expression of sympathy and care from me and on behalf of all my open-minded fellow citizens who respect others for their humanity and not for their religion or way of worship – to all the Baha’is of the world, particularly to the Baha’is of Iran who have suffered in manifold ways as a result of blind religious prejudice.”
The Iranian president has appointed two women to the position of governor in the southeastern province of Sistan-Baluchistan. Massoumeh Parandvar is now serving as the governor of Hamoon, while Homeira Rigi, with a history of leadership roles in the health and interior ministries, is now governor of Qasreqand.
The Mehr News Agency describes Parandvar as a graduate in Urban Planning with 14 years of leadership roles in the provincial governments of Sistan-Baluchistan and Northern Khorasan.
Currently, Sistan-Baluchistan is a leader in terms of women’s representation in senior executive positions.
Zahra Arbabi, the head of Hassan Rohani’s campaign headquarters in Sistan-Baluchistan, was appointed as the Deputy of Human Resource Development and Management, and Sameih Baluchzehi, with a background in natural resource engineering, became the first women to become a mayor in Sistan-Baluchistan. | <urn:uuid:9466df28-42c7-4879-9b1b-e97e6b5893a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://100wordz.wordpress.com/tag/minorities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.946325 | 653 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Whether you’re young or old, there are some telltale signs that let you know you absolutely need to have orthodontic treatment. If you live too long with teeth that aren’t properly aligned, you can cause some pretty serious long-term issues – even tooth loss and gum disease.
So let’s look at a few of the things Dr. David Umansky recommends you look for as an indicator that you’re in need of orthodontic treatment.
Is your bite misaligned?
A misaligned bite can cause many problems, including TMJ disorder, crooked teeth, and poor oral health. When your teeth don’t fit together correctly when biting, this can cause them to grind and shift in their sockets.
If you have a misaligned bite, you definitely need orthodontic treatment.
Gaps in teeth
If you have gaps in between teeth, orthodontic treatment can solve those issues as well. Getting your teeth close together will also help your bite, the importance of which is mentioned above, and it’s pretty simple to close gaps in between your teeth.
This is the most obvious, but it is a sign that you need some sort of teeth straightening treatment. If your teeth are crooked, it’s harder to clean then, which leads to a buildup of plaque that can result in gingivitis.
Don’t put off treatment any longer. Get the great smile you deserve and improve your oral health at the same time. Call us today at 281-446-4700 to schedule an appointment. | <urn:uuid:fb7e803b-e793-4790-bbd6-7c9a9403d0f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aestheticdentistryassociates.com/when-you-need-orthodontic-treatment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.939427 | 336 | 1.554688 | 2 |
- Whoever gives thought to the word will discover good, and blessed is he who trusts in the LORD. What does the word ‘word’ refer to here? Sometimes we are left with more than one possible meaning to a piece of what we read in the Bible. Does it mean word in a general sense? As in reading and studying and getting good knowledge and tips for living. Or does it mean word in the sense that the Bible is called the ‘Word of God’? Both ways of looking at it are good. I tend to the second as being the prime intent because the second half of the couplet is about trusting the LORD.
- Good sense is a fountain of life to him who has it, but the instruction of fools is folly. One of my sons claims (with his tongue in his cheek) that when the world was created God made a huge ball of common sense and cut off a slice for each person as they came into the world – given on the condition that at death they put their slice back into the pool. Now the world is so populated that many people don’t get any! That deals with the first line of this couplet. In the second part – does it mean that trying to instruct a fool is folly because you are wasting your time; or, if you take the advice of a fool you are exhibiting real folly? Both I think apply.
- A dishonest man spreads strife, and a whisperer separates close friends. The damage done by liars and gossip whisperers is enormous. And so common!
- Whoever is slow to anger is better than the mighty, and he who rules his spirit than he who takes a city. I guess that this a hyperbolic couplet, but so true. The considered answer of one who gets control of their anger first, before replying, is greater than the powerful bellowed response of the mighty. Self-control and self-discipline are better than bringing a city into subjection. This is surely hyperbolic but written to help us realize that what seems to many unimportant (self management) is high in the order of what we should seek to achieve.
Prayer: I have so much to learn. Please keep me keen to walk the right path.
Pride goes before destruction,
and a haughty spirit before a fall.
It is better to be of a lowly spirit with the poor
than to divide the spoil with the proud.
*Whoever gives thought to the word will discover good,
and blessed is he who trusts in the LORD.
The wise of heart is called discerning,
and sweetness of speech increases persuasiveness.
*Good sense is a fountain of life to him who has it,
but the instruction of fools is folly.
The heart of the wise makes his speech judicious
and adds persuasiveness to his lips.
Gracious words are like a honeycomb,
sweetness to the soul and health to the body.
There is a way that seems right to a man,
but its end is the way to death.
A worker’s appetite works for him;
his mouth urges him on.
A worthless man plots evil,
and his speech is like a scorching fire.
*A dishonest man spreads strife,
and a whisperer separates close friends.
A man of violence entices his neighbour
and leads him in a way that is not good.
Whoever winks his eyes plans dishonest things;
he who purses his lips brings evil to pass.
Gray hair is a crown of glory;
it is gained in a righteous life.
Whoever is slow to anger is better than the mighty,
and he who rules his spirit than he who takes a city.
The lot is cast into the lap,
but it’s every decision is from the LORD. | <urn:uuid:98f8eeb6-686f-43a0-94a0-7d21ad4070f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://as-i-read-it.com/2021/03/20/proverbs-16-18-33/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.974107 | 802 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Businesses need to regularly test their security postures in order to determine whether there are gaps in their cybersecurity programs and to ensure their defenses can meet the current threat landscape. We notice that many businesses want to take all the steps they can to ensure their security, but don’t completely understand the difference between a vulnerability assessment and a penetration test. Each test makes different discoveries about where threats lie and how to bolster security.
A vulnerability assessment may include penetration testing, but the two are different processes. Essentially, vulnerability assessments are designed to show where weaknesses are, whereas penetration tests are designed to show how cyber defenses hold up. While penetration testing often zeroes in on a focused or specific form of attack, a vulnerability assessment scans on a larger scale to identify all vulnerabilities.
A vulnerability assessment searches for security weaknesses within a network infrastructure and reveals security issues within a network, such as outdated protocols, certificates, and missing patches. A vulnerability scan does not exploit these flaws. It provides the insight you need to shore up your defense and prescribes recommendations on how to fix the vulnerability. By assessing your system and its security, you can fix problems before they become a real threat.
A Vulnerability Scan is conducted within the security perimeter of a network. Penetration Testing meanwhile extends its examination outside of the mapped-out security perimeters.
A penetration test is a simulated cyberattack against a network to find exploitable security vulnerabilities. It helps businesses manage risk, protect clients from data breaches, and increase business continuity. It also helps companies in highly regulated industries like banking, service, and healthcare stay compliant. A penetration test simulates a cyberattack by attempting to compromise and extract sensitive data in a non-damaging way in order to gauge cybersecurity strength. This in-depth probe into the data security of your IT system works to identify lax security protocols and business processes that can be exploited by an outside source. Penetration testing is broader in scope than vulnerability testing since it discovers unknown and exploitable vulnerabilities.
Some regulated industries are legally required to conduct periodic penetration testing, per industry regulations. In these cases, penetration tests help organizations demonstrate compliance, avoid large heavy fines associated with non-compliance, and preserve your businesses’ reputation.
Using a combination of the two approaches, vulnerability assessments and penetration testing, organizations will have a more accurate and holistic view of their security posture. Gaining more insight into the security risk in your organization will manifest in more educated decisions, further enhancing the overall organizational security culture.
Timing of Tests
Vulnerability scans are great for monthly or quarterly insights on your network security. Penetration tests take more time and cost more than just doing regular scans, but they are more effective at identifying significant problems that an organization should address and are typically performed on an annual or semi-annual basis. Most organization will choose to use both tests at coordinated intervals to determine the strength of their cybersecurity postures.
How to Get Started
Using proactive, authorized tests the experts at ACE IT Solutions can evaluate the security of your IT infrastructure and identify any risks posed by specific vulnerabilities or flawed processes. We provide skilled consultants who draw from extensive experience manual investigation techniques and advanced tools to identify and exploit vulnerabilities. We facilitate consistent assessment, design, deployment, management, support and education services to enhance your return on investment.
ACE IT Solutions’ penetration tests and security assessments are designed to help you
understand the security requirements of your specific industry, and to design and implement a
solution using best practices that encompasses your unique security needs. Contact us at 646.558.5575 or [email protected] to schedule a network evaluation. We can help you determine which approach is best for your specific business. | <urn:uuid:a2866424-59de-40a5-a5e8-010bd229fc51> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aceits.net/what-is-the-difference-between-a-penetration-test-and-a-vulnerability-assessment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.937207 | 764 | 2.875 | 3 |
The top credit card companies made a huge announcement sometime back that users will not need to sign when checking out in the U.S stores. The announcement was to take effect from April 2018. These credit card companies include Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Discover.
When these changes go into effect
MasterCard was the first to announce that the electronic signature will be no longer be effective. American Express and Discover followed weeks after MasterCard made their announcement. The last one was Visa which officially ditched the signature changes in April.
Companies against the change
Even though several companies are against the change that Credit Card Companies Will No Longer Require a Signature, they will still accept the payments made using the credit cards. The major stores and chains are in a dilemma on whether to continue accepting the cards or not. Some of the large stores and chains such as Target and Walmart have plans to remove the cards from their systems. For the smaller chains and stores who use the cards, the changes come with a lot of challenges to them as they will require replacing their payment system at short notice.
When traveling, you should take note of the locations where the signature changes have taken effect. For instance with American Express, the signatures have been eliminated in all parts of the world. Visa has eliminated the signatures only in North America while Discover has eliminated the signature in the U.S, Caribbean, Mexico, and Canada. For MasterCard, the signature changes are effective in the US and Canada.
The announcement, Credit Card Companies Will No Longer Require a Signature, was brought by some factors. They include;
1) Advancement in technologies such as pin-and-chip.
2) Payments such as Apple Pay which is contactless have contributed to the change.
3) Most of the companies nowadays have installed high-tech security features to prevent fraud.
Discover has the most advanced security measures better than the personal signature which includes biometrics, use of tokens and multi-factor authentication. | <urn:uuid:b8ea176b-faa9-423b-9ea1-0184f9755f02> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://apfcreditcards.com/credit-card-companies-will-not-need-a-signature/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.963997 | 411 | 1.828125 | 2 |
I am always shocked when I read or hear about the insect species that are lost and the insects that die because of the chemicals, pesticides and insecticides we use in agriculture and in our gardens.
Insects are extremely important in nature, for instance for the pollination of plants. Without insects many other species, including humans, would not survive. This is the reason we do not use any pesticides on our Succulents.
How to get rid of mealybugs in an environmentally safe manner?
Mealybugs are not uncommon in Succulents. You can brush them off with a little paintbrush or you can wash your plants in a soapy solution.
What you need:
1. Green soap
2. Methylated spirits
3. Warm water
We use approximately 20 grams of green / soft soap. This is old school soap. Do not use any synthetic modern soaps! Add 1 liter of warm water to the soap and 20-40 ml methylated spirits. It takes quite a bit of time before the soap is dissolved in the water. Break up the soap in smaller parts if possible and keep stirring.
Pour the soapy solution into a plant sprayer and spray your plants thoroughly to make sure the mealy bugs are soaking wet. Before you start try to remove any ladybugs or other friendly insects. Spray again daily for 2-3 days.
An even better method is to soak the entire plant in the solution for 10 seconds. Move and turn the plant well while it is under water. Make sure the soil of the pot does not leak out while you do this. I prefer to wash bare-root plants without soil and cuttings in this soapy solution. You can wash your plants whenever you think it is needed. We usually wash our plants 2-3 times a year. | <urn:uuid:9ebcefca-a68e-416a-9343-788334f5f546> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sunnyplants.com/sunnyplants-blog/succulent-care/mealybugs-succulents | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.936883 | 380 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa (1486-1535)
Nothing is concealed from the wise and sensible, while the unbelieving and unworthy cannot learn the secrets.
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim was a German polymath, physician, legal scholar, soldier, theologian, and occult writer. He is considered one of the most influential occultists of the early modern period. His book on the occult Three Books of Occult Philosophy was published in 1533, but was condemned as heretical by the inquisitor of Cologne. His work drew heavily upon the influences of Kabbalah, Hermeticism and neo-Platonism.
Agrippa was born in Nettesheim, near Cologne on 14 September 1486 to a family of middle nobility. Many members of his family had been in the service of the House of Habsburg. Agrippa studied at the University of Cologne from 1499 to 1502, age 13-16 when he received the degree of magister artium. The University of Cologne was one of the centers of Thomism, and the faculty of arts was split between the dominant Thomists and the Albertists. It is likely that Agrippa's interest in the occult came from this Albertist influence. Agrippa himself named Albert’s Speculum as one of his first occult study texts. He later studied in Paris, where he apparently took part in a secret society involved in the occult.
In 1508 Agrippa traveled to Spain to work as a mercenary. He continued his travels by way of Valencia, the Baleares, Sardinia, Naples, Avignon, and Lyon. He served as a captain in the army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, who awarded him the title of Ritter or knight.
Agrippa's academic career began in 1509, receiving the patronage Margaret of Austria, governor of Franche-Comté, and Antoine de Vergy, archbishop of Besançon and chancellor of the University of Dole. He was given the opportunity to lecture a course at the University on Hebrew scholar Johann Reuchlin's De verbo mirifico. At Dôle, Agrippa wrote De nobilitate et praecellentia foeminae sexus On the Nobility and Excellence of the Feminine Sex, a work that aimed at proving the superiority of women using cabalistic ideas. The book was probably intended to impress Margaret. Agrippa’s lectures received attention, and he was given a doctorate in theology because of them. He was, however, denounced by the Franciscan prior Jean Catilinet as a "Judaizing heretic", and was forced to leave Dôle in 1510.
In the winter of 1509-1510 Agrippa returned to Germany and studied with Humanist Johannes Trithemius at Würzburg. On 8 April 1510 he dedicated the then unpublished first draft of De occulta philosophia On the Occult Philosophy to Trithemius, who recommended that Agrippa keep his occult studies secret. Proceeding to the Netherlands he took service again with Maximilian. In 1510 the king sent Agrippa on a diplomatic mission to England, where he was the guest of the Humanist and Platonist John Colet, dean of St Paul's Cathedral, and where he replied to the accusations brought against him by Catilinet Expostulatio super Expositione sua in librum De verbo mirifico. In the reply he argued that his Christian faith was not incompatible with his appreciation for Jewish thought, writing "I am a Christian, but I do not dislike Jewish Rabbis". Agrippa then returned to Cologne and gave disputations at the university's faculty of theology.
Agrippa followed Maximilian to Italy in 1511, and as a theologian attended the schismatic council of Pisa 1512, which was called by some cardinals in opposition to a council called by Pope Julius II. He remained in Italy for seven years, partly in the service of William IX, Marquess of Montferrat, and partly in that of Charles III, Duke of Savoy, probably occupied in teaching theology and practicing medicine. During his time in northern Italy Agrippa came into contact with Agostino Ricci and perhaps Paolo Ricci, and studied the works of philosophers Marsilio Ficino and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, and the kabbalah. In 1515 he lectured at the University of Pavia on the Pimander of Hermes Trismegistus, but these lectures were abruptly terminated owing to the victories of Francis I, King of France.
In 1518 the efforts of one or other of his patrons secured for Agrippa the position of town advocate and orator, or syndic, at Metz. Here, as at Dôle, his opinions soon brought him into collision with the monks, and his defense of a woman accused of witchcraft involved him in a dispute with the inquisitor, Nicholas Savin. The consequence of this was that in 1520 he resigned his office and returned to Cologne, where he stayed about two years. He then practiced for a short time as a physician at Geneva and Freiburg, but in 1524 went to Lyons on being appointed physician to Louise of Savoy, mother of Francis I. In 1528 he gave up this position, and about this time was invited to take part in the dispute over the legality of the divorce of Catherine of Aragon by Henry VIII; but he preferred an offer made by Margaret, duchess of Savoy and regent of the Netherlands, and became archivist and historiographer to the emperor Charles V.
Margaret's death in 1530 weakened his position, and the publication of some of his writings about the same time aroused anew the hatred of his enemies; but after suffering a short imprisonment for debt at Brussels he lived at Cologne and Bonn, under the protection of Hermann of Wied, archbishop of Cologne. By publishing his works he brought himself into antagonism with the Inquisition, which sought to stop the printing of De occulta philosophia. He then went to France, where he was arrested by order of Francis I for some disparaging words about the queen-mother; but he was soon released, and on 18 February 1535 died at Grenoble. He was married three times and had a large family.
During his wandering life in Germany, France, and Italy, Agrippa worked as a theologian, physician, legal expert, and soldier. Agrippa was for some time in the service of Maximilian I, probably as a soldier in Italy, but devoted his time mainly to the study of the occult sciences and to problematic theological legal questions, which exposed him to various persecutions through life, usually in the mode described above: He would be privately denounced for one sort of heresy or another. He would only reply with venom considerably later Nauert demonstrates this pattern effectively.
No evidence exists that Agrippa was seriously accused, much less persecuted, for his interest in or practice of magical or occult arts during his lifetime, although it was known he argued against the persecution of witches. It is impossible, of course, to cite negatively, but Nauert, the best bio-bibliographical study to date, shows no indication of such persecution, and Van der Poel's careful examination of the various attacks suggest that they were founded on quite other theological grounds.
According to some scholarship: "As early as 1525 and again as late as 1533 two years before his death Agrippa clearly and unequivocally rejected magic in its totality, from its sources in imagined antiquity to contemporary practice." Some aspects remain unclear, but some believe this renunciation was sincere not out of fear, as a parody, or otherwise. Recent scholarship see Further Reading below, in Lehrich, Nauert, and Van der Poel generally agrees that this rejection or repudiation of magic is not what it seems: Agrippa never rejected magic in its totality, but he did retract his early manuscript of the Occult Philosophy – to be replaced by the later form.
In the Third Book of Occult Philosophy, Agrippa concludes with:
But of magic I wrote whilst I was very young three large books, which I called Of Occult Philosophy, in which what was then through the curiosity of my youth erroneous, I now being more advised, am willing to have retracted, by this recantation; I formerly spent much time and costs in these vanities. At last I grew so wise as to be able to dissuade others from this destruction. For whosoever do not in the truth, nor in the power of God, but in the deceits of devils, according to the operation of wicked spirits presume to divine and prophesy, and practising through magical vanities, exorcisms, incantions and other demoniacal works and deceits of idolatry, boasting of delusions, and phantasms, presently ceasing, brag that they can do miracles, I say all these shall with Jannes, and Jambres, and Simon Magus, be destinated to the torments of eternal fire.
According to his student Johann Weyer, in the 1563 book De praestigiis daemonum, Agrippa died in Grenoble, in 1535. Augustin Calmet wrote that Agrippa had a dog that jumped into the Rhone as his master neared death causing many to believe it was a demon.
Agrippa is perhaps best known for his books. An incomplete list:
- De incertitudine et vanitate scientiarum atque artium declamatio invectiva Declamation Attacking the Uncertainty and Vanity of the Sciences and the Arts, 1526; printed in Cologne 1527, a skeptical satire of the sad state of science. This book, a significant production of the revival of Pyrrhonic skepticism in its fideist mode, was to have a significant impact on such thinkers and writers as Montaigne, Descartes and Goethe.
- Declamatio de nobilitate et praecellentia foeminei sexus Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex, 1529, a book pronouncing the theological and moral superiority of women. Edition with English translation, London 1670
- De occulta philosophia libri tres Three Books Concerning Occult Philosophy, Book 1 printed Paris 1531; Books 2-3 in Cologne 1533. This summa of occult and magical thought, Agrippa's most important work in a number of respects, sought a solution to the skepticism proposed in De vanitate. In short, Agrippa argued for a synthetic vision of magic whereby the natural world combined with the celestial and the divine through Neoplatonic participation, such that ordinarily licit natural magic was in fact validated by a kind of demonic magic sourced ultimately from God. By this means Agrippa proposed a magic that could resolve all epistemological problems raised by skepticism in a total validation of Christian faith.
The book was a major influence on such later magical thinkers as Giordano Bruno and John Dee, after the decline of the Occult Renaissance concomitant with the scientific revolution. The book whose early draft, quite different from the final form, circulated in manuscript long before it was published is often cited in discussions of Albrecht Dürer's famous engraving Melencolia I 1514. Note that Philosophy of Natural Magic: Complete Work on Natural Magic, White & Black Magic, 1569, ISBN 1-56459-160-3, is simply book 1 of De occulta philosophia libri tres.
A spurious Fourth book of occult philosophy, sometimes called Of Magical Ceremonies, has also been attributed to him; this book first appeared in Marburg in 1559 and is not believed to have been written by Agrippa.
A semi-complete collection of his writings were also printed in Lyon in 1550; arguably more complete editions followed, but none is without serious textual problems.
- Recently Sylvain Matton attributed, with caution, to Agrippa an anonymous De Arte Chimica first printed in 1572 by Pietro Perna in the Auriferæ artis, quam chemiam vocant, antiquissimi authores.
Modern editions of Agrippa's works
- De occulta philosophia libri tres. Ed. Vittoria Perrone Compagni. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 1992: ISBN 90-04-09421-0.
- The Philosophy of Natural Magic, Translated by James Freake, Edited by L. W. de Laurence 1913. Only book one
- The Philosophy of Natural Magic, Translated by James Freake, Edited by Leslie Shepherd 1974. University Books. ISBN 0-82160-218-7, Only book one; reprint of the Laurence edition
- Three Books of Occult Philosophy, Translated by James Freake, Annotated by Donald Tyson 2005. Llewelyn Worldwide. ISBN 0-87542-832-0
- Three Books of Occult Philosophy Book One: A Modern Translation, Translated by Eric Purdue 2012. Renaissance Astrology Press. ISBN 1-10589-879-2
- Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex. Translated by Albert Rabil, Jr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996: ISBN 0-226-01059-7
- Female Preeminence: An Ingenius Discourse. Translated by H.C., Edited by Tarl Warwick 2016. ISBN 1-53532-532-1
- Of the Vanitie and Vncertaintie of Artes and Sciences. Edited by Catherine M. Dunn. Northridge, CA: California State University Foundation, 1974. ASIN: B0006CM0SW
- De Arte Chimica attributable to Henry Cornelius Agrippa; a critical edition of the Latin text with a seventeenth-century English translation by Sylvain Matton, Paris: SÉHA; Milan: Archè, 2014
- De Occvlta Philosophia — Four Books. Translated and edited by Paul Summers Young, 2020. Black Letter Press, Germany
In popular culture
In Christopher Marlowe's late 16th century play The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, where Faustus decides to study necromancy and proclaims he will become "as cunning as Agrippa was" Act 1, Scene 1, Line 119.
In Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, his writings, along with those of Albertus Magnus and Paracelsus, are listed as influences on a young Victor Frankenstein.
Appears as a character in Mary Shelley's 1833 short story The Mortal Immortal.
Appears in Søren Kierkegaard's 1845 book Stages on Life's Way.
In most English translations of Struwwelpeter 1847, "Great Agrippa" replaces Saint Nicholas as the sage in "The Story of the Inky Boys", chastising three white children for tormenting a black youth because of the colour of his skin. When they ignore his advice, Agrippa dips all three in his giant inkwell, until they are blacker than the boy they were teasing.
Agrippa is a character in Valery Bryusov's 1908 novel The Fiery Angel and the opera by Sergei Prokofiev based on the novel.
In Zork Nemesis, a 1996 game with alchemy as its main theme, one of the primary instances is called "Temple of Agrippa".
The 1997 novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone mentions a collectible card of Agrippa.
Alongside his student Johann Weyer, Agrippa appears as a character in the 2010 video game Amnesia: The Dark Descent.
Both of the video games Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets feature a collectible card of Cornelius Agrippa with his real birth and death years his card is bronze in the second game.
Appears as the Wizard character that mentors the protagonist Max August in Steve Englehart's The Point Man 1981, with a reference to his pet dog that dies in the Rhone River.
In Alan Moore's Jerusalem, Alma Warren is preoccupied with matters of the occult. She studies Agrippa as well as other occult heavyweights. .
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa is a character in High School DxD, being one of the real life historical figures who were reincarnated into devils, serving the Gremory Devil Noble Family.
Gordan Agrippa, of the House Agrippa, from Black Clover. His Family is notorious for its curse magic. His family shares the same surname.
Agrippa is mentioned in the lyrics of Born to Night, a Primordial song featured on the Where Greater Men Have Fallen album.
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa is a character in the light novel The Magic in this Other World is Too Far Behind!, he is the master and founder of the society. | <urn:uuid:e91a32a3-65fb-405c-9407-f2139008afb8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.geniuses.club/genius/heinrich-cornelius-agrippa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959217 | 3,590 | 2.71875 | 3 |
The Electoral Commission of South Africa (IEC) on Thursday announced the final results of the local government elections that resulted in a record 66 hung councils, where no party had an outright majority.
Announcing the results IEC Chair Glen Mashinini said the use of the new voter management system was a major milestone that eliminated any possibility of a person voting more than once.
The African National Congress (ANC) on Thursday won 161 councils with majorities, the Democratic Alliance (DA) came a distant second having won 13 councils, the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) took third place winning 10 councils.
While there were 26,1 million registered voters, only 12,3 million turned up on Monday to vote.
The IEC said an official had been caught stuffing a ballot box and had been dealt with.
Despite this and other glitches with the new technology, the IEC said the elections were free and fair.
President Cyril Ramaphosa said the elections which had more than 300 parties taking part were a sign of a maturing multiparty democracy.
“We can definitely say the people have spoken,” said Ramaphosa.
He said those who have been elected need to get down to work to make this a new era of improved delivery of services.
“We as leaders must put aside our differences and work together in a spirit of partnership, of cooperation, of collaboration, of common purpose in the interest of the people of South Africa,” said Ramaphosa.
The president thanked the IEC for the wonderful work they did”. The South African National Defence Force and police were lauded for securing the elections.
Ramaphosa also thanked the media for the “good, the bad and the ugly” that they “write about us” because they kept the nation informed about the elections.. | <urn:uuid:bd8682aa-7fae-4c82-9117-5968321630a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thebulrushes.com/2021/11/04/anc-wins-most-councils-da-and-eff-follow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.978112 | 376 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Biomechanical consequences of PCL deficiency in the knee under simulated muscle loads--an in vitro experimental study.
The mechanism of chronic degeneration of the knee after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury is still not clearly understood. While numerous biomechanical studies have been conducted to investigate the function of the PCL with regard to antero-posterior stability of the knee, little has been reported on its effect on the rotational stability of the knee. In this study, eight cadaveric human knee specimens were tested on a robotic testing system from full extension to 120 degrees of flexion with the PCL intact and with the PCL resected. The antero-posterior tibial translation and the internal-external tibial rotation were measured when the knee was subjected to various simulated muscle loads. Under a quadriceps load (400 N) and a combined quadriceps/hamstring load (400/200 N), the tibia moved anteriorly at low flexion angles (below 60 degrees). Resection of the PCL did not significantly alter anterior tibial translation. At high flexion angles (beyond 60 degrees), the tibia moved posteriorly and rotated externally under the muscle loads. PCL deficiency significantly increased the posterior tibial translation and external tibial rotation. The results of this study indicate that PCL deficiency not only changed tibial translation, but also tibial rotation. Therefore, only evaluating the tibial translation in the anteroposterior direction may not completely describe the effect of PCL deficiency on knee joint function. Furthermore, the increased external tibial rotations were further hypothesized to cause elevated patello-femoral joint contact pressures. These data may help explain the biomechanical factors causing long-term degenerative changes of the knee after PCL injury. By fully understanding the etiology of these changes, it may be possible to develop an optimal surgical treatment for PCL injury that is aimed at minimizing the long-term arthritic changes in the knee joint.
Li, G; Gill, TJ; DeFrate, LE; Zayontz, S; Glatt, V; Zarins, B
Volume / Issue
Start / End Page
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | <urn:uuid:8e7cb5f9-d5d7-4276-bf55-ed4ecc87e16a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub681391 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.870892 | 542 | 1.734375 | 2 |
A dog, per pound of body weight, produces 10 times the fecal coliform of a cow.
Simply walking in a infected yard then entering a home will track in the bacteria and can infect anyone in the household and quickly sicken or hospitalize high risk individuals such as young children, pregnant women or elderly. Individuals with an autoimmune disease, flu or reduced ability to fight infections are at risk of hospitalization or even death.
In fact, testing of average sidewalks where dogs are commonly walked showed extremely high levels of bacteria.
*** Contrary to popular belief, dog feces is not fertilizer and does not provide any benefit to the soil.
*** Using dog feces as garden fertilizer can make people sick when eating the vegetables harvested.
*** Dog feces is the third leading cause of contaminated water.
*** Dog poop washes into water supplies and kills wildlife.
*** Children can get sick and even die from dog poop bacteria washing from a neighboring yard.
*** Dog feces is a protein by-product that attracts rats that will eat the undigested protein found in the fecal matter.
*** Having rats in your yard will attract feral cats and snakes compounding the dangers to pets and humans.
*** Poop is a breeding ground for many varieties of flies that can carry diseases and bacteria into homes, on to human skin, food and other areas that will make people sick.
*** Dog poop contaminates recreational water ways, lake and rivers. Studies have found that 20% of the bacteria contaminating some waterways can be traced back to dog poop.
*** Dog poop can carry a number of zoonotic diseases (those that can be transferred from pets to humans)
To avoid potential infection, dog feces should be removed from the yard every 1 – 7 days, depending on the size of the dog and number of dogs in the household. Larger dogs will need more frequent cleanups, as will households with more than 1 dog.
Ask your neighbors to clean up after their pets because when the parasites run off into the ground water and your dog drinks from a puddle, creek or pond then your dog will ingest the parasites causing sickness and even death. If your children walk barefoot though a puddle in your own yard they can contract a disease or parasites directly from your neighbors’ pets.
More in the link: http://mrdogpoop.com/howbadispoop.html
It has been estimated that a single gram of dog waste can contain 23 million fecal coliform bacteria, which are known to cause cramps, diarrhea, intestinal illness, and serious kidney disorders in humans. EPA even estimates that two or three days’ worth of droppings from a population of about 100 dogs would contribute enough bacteria to temporarily close a bay, and all watershed areas within 20 miles of it, to swimming and shell fishing.
Dog feces are one of the most common carriers of the following diseases:
If you aren’t worried about the state of your local waterways, you may be a bit more concerned about the impact of dog waste a little closer to home. The thing about persistently disposing of stools improperly (or not at all) is that it kicks off a harmful cycle that can affect your whole family—including your pet.
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), pet droppings can contribute to diseases animals pass to humans, called zoo-noses. When infected dog poop is deposited on your lawn, the eggs of certain roundworms and other parasites can linger in your soil for years. Anyone who comes into contact with that soil—be it through gardening, playing sports, walking barefoot or any other means—runs the risk of coming into contact with those eggs; especially your dog.
More in the link: http://www.doodycalls.com/resources-toxic-dog-waste/
An artist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Matthew Mazzotta, invented a waste digester for a Cambridge dog park that produces and burns methane to light the park. It’s a small-scale solution, but one that could be deployed at a much larger scale, putting Fido’s feces to use as a clean-energy resource. More in the link: http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-oe-lewis-dogs-environmentalism-20141102-story.html | <urn:uuid:46ac4b93-b84b-4bf8-8362-2c00a3004e79> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fsjna.org/category/more-great-posts/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.934991 | 960 | 2.9375 | 3 |
How AIoT is Driving Digital Transformation for Industrial Companies
What piece of information, if you had it, would transform your business?
AI + IoT is driving real digital transformation as it allows organizations to collect data from places they’ve never been able to before, and in turn, drive new insights, create user experiences, and go to market with new business models.
From the forests of Australia to the deserts in Ethiopia, AIoT is making a positive impact on people’s livelihoods, health, and businesses.
Download the guide to discover how combining AI + IoT can unlock value for your organization. | <urn:uuid:d136780d-51d8-40a4-8572-bafbe6c59557> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://twisthink.com/resource/aiot-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.933356 | 127 | 1.695313 | 2 |
- Research article
- Open Access
Adaptive quizzes to increase motivation, engagement and learning outcomes in a first year accounting unit
International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education volume 15, Article number: 30 (2018)
Adaptive learning presents educators with a possibility of providing learning opportunities tailored to each student’s individual needs. As such, adaptive learning may contribute to both improving student learning outcomes and increasing student motivation and engagement. In this paper, we present the findings from a pilot of adaptive quizzes in a fully online unit at an Australian higher education provider. Results indicate that adaptive quizzes contribute to student motivation and engagement, and students perceive that adaptive quizzes support their learning. Interestingly, our results reveal that student scores did not increase significantly as a result of the introduction of adaptive quizzes, indicating that students may not be best placed to assess their own learning outcomes. Despite this, we conclude that adaptive quizzes have value to increase student motivation and engagement.
Higher education is a rapidly changing landscape. The student cohort is shifting due to increased enrolments from diverse backgrounds: international students who may not speak English as a first language, mature-age students and students from lower socioeconomic status backgrounds. Furthermore, courses are increasingly offered partially or entirely online, and make use of technology for delivery or assessment. Perhaps related to these changes is the finding that university attrition rates have increased since 2009 (Department of Education and Training, 2016). Personalised adaptive learning may offer a solution to combat high attrition rates and cater for a diverse student cohort. Adaptive technologies “facilitate the personalisation of educational activities” (O'Donnell, Lawless, Sharp, & Wade, 2015, p. 25). Adaptive learning provides participants with a personalised and dynamic learning experience which may enhance motivation, engagement, satisfaction and potentially learning outcomes.
This paper examines the use of adaptive quizzes. Adaptive quizzes were developed as part of a Digital Assessment Project, an initiative between Swinburne Online and Swinburne University of Technology in developing and implementing prototype assessments to be trialled by Swinburne Online. Adaptive quizzes were one of eight prototype assessments developed for use in a fully online unit. The aims of the quizzes were twofold: 1) to enable students to prepare for the unit’s three summative assessments, and 2) as a mechanism to keep students motivated and engaged in their own learning progress throughout the teaching period. Comparisons between student learning outcomes in each assessment and their overall learning outcomes in each teaching period were examined along with students’ perceptions of their levels of motivation, engagement and learning outcomes as a result of accessing the quizzes.
Adaptive testing is a system of testing that changes to meet the current level of the student and ongoing progress the student makes. Students are presented with tasks of immediate difficulty: If the tasks are completed successfully, the difficulty level increases. If the tasks are not completed successfully, the difficulty level decreases. This allows for a more accurate model of the students’ current level of attainment. A key benefit to online adaptive learning is efficiency, as questions are quickly tailored to a student’s level, thereby decreasing tedium. Learners acquire knowledge by building associations between different concepts and gain skills by building progressively complex actions from component skills (Jisc e-learning team, 2010).
Adaptive quizzes allow for formative assessment feedback on basic conceptual competence. However, this is not always an advantage as it can encourage an instrumental approach to testing where the student learns in order to pass the test rather than to learn skills that will be relevant in a wider context. The testing effect, whereby the act of being tested not only assesses learning but enhances later long-term retention, is recognised (Roediger & Karpicke, 2006), though this effect decreases as the complexity of the material increases (Van Gog & Sweller, 2015). The use of adaptive quizzes can also encourage assessment design to focus on objective knowledge rather than the development of process skills. Adaptive quizzes do, however, provide opportunities for students to be given immediate feedback, including automated feedback, on aspects of performance most in need of improvement (Simkins & Maier, 2010).
Adaptive learning systems have been shown to improve student engagement and learning outcomes (Barla et al., 2010; Förster, Weiser, & Maur, 2018; Phelan & Phelan, 2011), yet other studies have shown no clear benefits (Becker-Blease & Bostwick, 2016; Griff & Matter, 2013; Murray & Pérez, 2015). Student factors such as motivation have been shown to have an effect on the impacts of adaptive learning technologies (Förster et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2017). A case study of online student drills in calculus (Jonsdottir, Jakobsdottir, & Stefansson, 2015) found that learners decided to stop requesting drill items if the last question was answered correctly in comparison to when the last question was answered incorrectly. The probability of stopping also increases with higher scores but decreases with increased difficulty and the number of questions answered.
Adaptive testing in the form of online quizzes can allow for more frequent practice and can be used for distributed or spaced practice which has been shown to have positive learning benefits (Carpenter, Cepeda, Rohrer, Kang, & Pashler, 2012; Dunlosky, 2013; Karpicke & Bauernschmidt, 2011; Van der Kleij, Feskens, & Eggen, 2015). Quizzes can be used to reinforce learning at regularly spaced intervals providing the opportunity and prompting for distributed practice. Online testing, both fixed-item and adaptive, in the form of multiple-choice questions can be inexpensive to create, administer and score. However, if the potential of the technology is to be exploited and simulations and video integrated into testing, costs will increase as a result. The long-term costs of distorting the curriculum toward declarative knowledge, instead of the conceptual structures required, can be high.
Students are generally satisfied with adaptive quizzing (Becker-Blease & Bostwick, 2016; House, Sweet, & Vickers, 2016) or other adaptive learning technologies (Barla et al., 2010; Griff & Matter, 2013; Liu, McKelroy, Corliss, & Carrigan, 2017) as a learning tool. Students generally report that such technologies are easy to use and perceive that they help to increase their learning of course content.
Despite much effort invested in the area of adaptive learning management systems (LMSs) in past decades, none of these systems are widely used outside educational research (Georgouli, 2011, p. 66). This may be due to the finding that the authoring tools currently available for creating personalised learning activities are not easy to use by non-specialists due to the technical competencies required (Armani, 2005).
Definitions of key terms
In this paper, the term adaptive learning (technology) is used to refer to the customisation of the learning experience by dynamically making adjustments based on learner input (Liu et al., 2017; Somyürek, 2015). Adaptive quizzes are online quizzes which make use of adaptive learning technologies.
We define student engagement as “both the time and energy students invest in educationally purposeful activities and the effort institutions devote to effective educational practices” (Kuh, Cruce, Shoup, Kinzie, & Gonyea, 2008, p. 542). Student engagement has been defined in a number of ways and is often implied rather than explicitly defined in research studies (Kuh et al., 2008; Trowler, 2010; Zepke, 2015). More recent studies have critiqued the conceptualisation of student engagement and the assumption that it links to quality learning and teaching, and student success (For discussion, see Zepke, 2015).
For the purpose of this study, we define student motivation as the desire to learn. This definition does not make reference to or differentiate between intrinsic or extrinsic motivation (Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, & McKeachie, 1993; Stage & Williams, 1990), where intrinsic motivation is the desire to learn for the sake of gaining understanding (Byrne & Flood, 2005), and extrinsic motivation is learning for the sake of external rewards (Paulsen & Gentry, 1995).
This paper has two aims. The first is to examine possible relationships between adaptive quizzes and student learning outcomes in the three unit assessments and overall learning outcomes in the unit. The second aim is to investigate students’ perspectives about the extent to which they believe adaptive quizzes aid their motivation, engagement and learning outcomes. Therefore the research questions this study sought to answer are:
Was there an association between using adaptive quizzes and improved student learning outcomes in the three assessments and on their overall learning outcomes?
What were the students’ perceptions about their levels of motivation, engagement and learning outcomes as they completed the adaptive quizzes?
The adaptive quizzes were trialled in an online unit offered by the higher education provider, Swinburne Online. Swinburne Online is a partnership between the employment website Seek and Swinburne University, an Australian urban university. Swinburne Online delivers online tertiary qualifications on Swinburne University’s behalf. The higher education courses are developed for the online environment and delivered fully online.
Data collection included both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data comprised student survey responses and quantitative data comprised student scores. The quantitative data were examined from two teaching periods of a first year core accounting unit, both in 2014. A convenience sampling method was used in this study, with participants comprising 849 students in total from two consecutive iterations of the same unit: teaching period 1 (TP1) and teaching period 2 (TP2). TP1 was the iteration of the unit prior to the introduction of the quizzes in TP2. Quantitative data from both TP1 and TP2 in the form of students’ results in each piece of assessment as well as their overall result in the unit were collected from the LMS. The quantitative results of student scores were analysed using SPSS version 23.
The TP1 cohort was included in this study as a comparison group. The class size of TP2 was almost double that of TP1 due to the requirement that all students take the core unit, and the reality that it is not always offered. The entry requirements and all assessments in TP1 and TP2 were unchanged, and the students in both cohorts were similar in that they were in their first year of the course and completing the core accounting unit in their first, second or third teaching period. Students in both TP1 and TP2 were given exactly the same three assessments in their units. The quizzes were an extra activity that students in TP2 could choose to participate in. They did not replace any other task or activity and, as such, would have added to the total time students devoted to their study. The aim of the quizzes was to prepare the students for the units’ three summative assessments. The quizzes were made available to students for the entire duration of TP2.
Qualitative data were collected from the survey responses of students in TP2 when adaptive quizzes were introduced, to ascertain students’ perceived motivation, engagement and learning outcomes following the use of the quizzes. The surveys were analysed using Opinio and Microsoft Excel to produce descriptive statistics. Open-ended questions from the student survey responses were analysed thematically (Braun & Clarke, 2006) by the lead and second authors to investigate students’ perceptions of how the adaptive quizzes affected their motivation, engagement and learning outcomes. Braun and Clarke’s six-step process of analysis and reporting patterns was used to analyse the survey data. The first author searched for and reviewed themes and the second author reviewed approximately 10% of responses to validate this process. Inter-rater reliability was calculated as a percentage of agreement in this two-rater model. High levels of inter-rater reliability of 90% were achieved through comparisons and moderation of any inconsistencies that arose between the authors.
The participants in this study comprised the 259 students in TP1 and 590 in TP2 enrolled at census date. All were first year students in an online introductory accounting unit offered by, Swinburne Online, an Australian higher education provider. Of the 590 enrolled in the unit in TP2, 354 submitted all three assessments pieces. These 354 students are the students recognised as still participating in the unit until the end, and are the students who would have been participating when the link for taking part in the online survey was uploaded to the unit.
There were 47 students who completed the online survey producing a response rate, from these 354 students, of 13%. These students represented gender equally. Of these respondents, 21.3% were in the 18 to 29 year age bracket, 38.3% were aged between 30 and 39 and 27.7% between 40 and 49. This response rate gives a nonresponse bias of 87%. Representation of populations is recognised as being more important than response rates (Cook, Heath, & Thompson, 2000), however, as the survey response was relatively low and self-selected, the respondents cannot be seen as representative of the entire cohort. Nonetheless, they provide a level of insight into these students’ experiences that may indicate possible trends that require further research.
The narrow range of demographic data available is a limitation to this study as it does not capture the diversity that may exist in a group of students studying online, or the differences between the demographics of on-campus and fully-online students (Johnson, 2015). For example, online students tend to be older (Quinn & Stein, 2013) and are more likely to be female than on-campus students (Quinn, 2011). The responses should therefore be viewed with a degree of caution, as the low response rate may indicate a bias present in the cohort of students responding.
The percentages of students attempting each of the quizzes are provided in Fig. 1. Students were required to complete a level before progressing to the next level. As such, levels 1 and 2 can be interpreted as generally representing completed quiz attempts. These quiz attempt percentages are calculated from the 590 students enrolled in the unit at census date. The first quiz (topic 1, level 1) was accessed by 63% of students, while the last quiz (topic 8, level 3) was attempted by only 6% of students.
Adaptive quiz design
The quizzes were introduced to assist students’ independent learning and were designed with a focus on improving student motivation, engagement and learning outcomes. The quizzes were designed and structured to support progression of concepts and understanding in preparing for assessments by asking appropriate questions, by spacing the timing of quizzes throughout the teaching period and by providing immediate feedback. The simple correct/incorrect feedback that was provided in this project has been found to be effective for lower-order learning outcomes (Van der Kleij et al., 2015), which was the focus of these adaptive quizzes. The quizzes aligned in content with all three of the unit’s summative assessments:
Assessment 1: Three online multiple-choice tests (25%)
Assessment 2: Ratio analysis report (25%)
Assessment 3: Final exam (50%)
Assessment 1 examined the knowledge of students on all areas of the unit and was divided into three online tests to be completed over the duration of the unit. Assessment 2 was designed to examine the students’ ability to analyse data. Assessment 3 examined the entire course content. Prior to conducting assessments 1, 2 and 3, the students who had participated in the quizzes had been tested on this content in order to prepare them for the formal assessment.
All questions were multiple-choice items. The adaptive quizzes used a different question pool to the assessed tests, but were the same style of questions and used the same interface. All questions related to the same learning outcomes as the assessed fixed-item multiple-choice tests. The adaptive functionality was provided using adaptive release based on ability in the previous level of questions. Students were provided a correct/incorrect label for each question. Each quiz contained 10 random questions and the students had unlimited attempts at each quiz. Immediate feedback was provided as it can help to reduce the risk of learning false facts from multiple-choice quizzes (Marsh, Roediger, Bjork, & Bjork, 2007).
Three levels of difficulty for each quiz were developed for each of the eight different topic areas covered in the unit. All students started with questions that would require foundation skills or lower-order thinking skills on each of the eight topics. Once a student had achieved a score of 90% or more in a quiz, the next level would become available. Only when the tests were completed successfully, were students able to access a more difficult level, progressing the students towards higher-order thinking skills. Lower-level questions focused on developing knowledge and comprehension, while higher-level questions encouraged students to apply and analyse knowledge learned. The questions covered the majority of the learning outcomes in the unit. Student progress was indicated by a progress bar in the weekly quizzes for each topic and overall for the unit. The progress bar for the quizzes increased for every 10% improvement achieved.
The quiz items aligned with the learning outcomes of the unit. The following three questions illustrate the three difficulty levels and test students’ analytical thinking skills. The correct answer is underlined. A lower-level difficulty question is provided in 1), a medium-level difficulty question is provided in 2), and a higher-level difficulty question is provided in 3). Questions 1 and 3 relate to the learning outcome: describe the effect of business transactions on the key elements and components of the three main accounting reports. Question 2 relates to the learning outcome: understand simple cost concepts and their relevance to small business management.
Under accrual accounting, income is:
The cash received from customers for goods or services provided by the business.
The cash collected from accounts receivable.
The money the owner puts into the business to start operations.
The inflow of assets or the reduction in liabilities that arise as a result of trading operations.
The classification of a cost as either direct or indirect depends primarily on:
The computer tracing system within the organisation.
The definition of the cost object.
The knowledge of the accountant.
The type of business.
Which transaction would not appear in the body of a statement of cash flows?
Acquisition of assets by means of a share issue.
Purchase of a building by incurring a mortgage to the seller.
Conversion of a liability to equity.
All of the above.
A comprehensive pool of questions was developed for each difficulty level, so that students re-attempting a level saw a random selection of questions testing the topic area that they were struggling with. A test on a particular topic was not considered complete until the student had obtained a score of 9 or 10 out of 10 on the higher-level questions. Students retained access to the quiz levels they had mastered as a revision resource, should they want to answer further questions at this level. Additionally, if they were struggling with medium-level questions, they were encouraged by the online tutor to return to the lower-level questions, but did not lose access to the medium-level questions.
Student learning outcomes in assessments and overall
In order to answer the question of whether the use of adaptive quizzes was associated with increased student learning outcomes in the unit, student results from teaching periods 1 and 2 were compared. Only the results where students had submitted an assessment piece where examined. For this reason, the number of students (N) completing each assessment piece in each study period varies. Student scores for each of the three assessments and overall for the unit in TP1 and TP2 are provided in Table 1.
Histograms were generated to examine the distribution of the data for each individual assessment in each teaching period and overall scores. In all cases, the scores were non-normally distributed with negatively skewed distributions. The overall standard deviation in both teaching periods was quite large which indicates increased variability in the observed data. This could be attributed to the diversity of the first year students studying in the unit, as online student cohorts often display a wide range of backgrounds (Johnson, 2015).
While the means generated for each assessment piece and overall where found to be higher, it was necessary to test if this increase in assessment scores was significant. In order to test whether the student scores for TP1 and TP2 belong to significant different groups, a Mann-Whitney U test was performed for each assessment and overall. This test is used to compare differences between two independent groups when the dependent variable is continuous, but not normally distributed.
A Mann-Whitney U test indicated the overall assessment scores in TP2 were higher (N = 446, Median = 64) than the overall assessment scores in TP1 (N = 244, Median = 60), however, this difference was marginally significant; U = 49,530, p = 0.051. The alpha level for each Mann-Whitney U test was set at 0.05.
Results of a Mann-Whitney U test revealed that assessment 1 scores were higher in TP2 (N = 446, Median = 20) than in TP1 (N = 258, Median = 19.5). This difference in score was significant; U = 52,352.5, p = 0.046, r = − 0.07534. The scores for assessment 2 in TP2 and TP1 shared the same median (TP1: N = 179, TP2: N = 366, Median = 19). Despite having the same median, however, the Mann-Whitney U test indicted that the distribution for the two groups’ assessment 2 scores had a different shape. This difference was significant with U = 3566.50, p = 0.030, r = − 0.09166. The effect sizes of assessments 1 and 2 in TP2 are very small, indicating that the results can not be interpreted as supporting that adaptive quizzes contributed to better assessment scores. A Mann-Whitney U test indicated the assessment 3 scores in TP2 were higher (N = 354, Median = 30) than the scores in TP1 (N = 179, Median = 29). This difference was not significant with U = 30,130, p = 0.355.
These results indicate that the scores of assessment 1 and 2 significantly improved from the introduction of the adaptive quizzes, but that the scores of assessment 3 did not improve after the introduction of the adaptive quizzes. The low number of students completing the quizzes also affects this finding, and as such, we cannot conclude that the use of adaptive quizzes and improved student learning outcomes were related.
Students’ perceived motivation, engagement and learning outcomes
Student survey data were examined in order to explore whether the students perceived benefits from the adaptive quizzes in relation to their levels of motivation, engagement and learning outcomes. The results presented here are adjusted for relative frequency, as some questions were not answered by up to three students at most.
Overwhelmingly, respondents enjoyed using the adaptive quizzes for their learning. A majority of the surveyed students at 88.9% either agreed or strongly agreed that they had enjoyed completing the quizzes and 95.6% would like to experience quizzes again in their studies. Students stated that “adaptive quizzes are very useful” and that they would like to see more adaptive quizzes.
The majority of respondents (84.5%) agreed or strongly agreed that receiving regular feedback from the adaptive quizzes motivated them to keep trying. One student stated that the most helpful aspect of the quizzes was “the convenience of doing them and the fact that you can go back and look at answers. The summary at the end of answers to the questions was helpful”. Students particularly appreciated that the feedback provided was instant with 95.5% agreeing or strongly agreeing that it was beneficial to receive immediate feedback. Many students stated that the most useful aspect of the quizzes was the instant feedback, with one of the students suggesting this was “because you get results straight away”.
The survey participants (82.2%) agreed or strongly agreed that they enjoyed the challenge posed by the increasing difficulty level of the adaptive quizzes. One student stated: “instant feedback and the progressive difficulty was encouraging and promoted self-motivation to solve problems”. Several students’ responses indicated that they found the most useful aspect of the quizzes was the increasing difficulty levels, with responses containing: “the increasing difficulty levels of the quizzes”, “the quick feedback and increasing difficulty fast tracked my learning”, and “quick feedback and also the increase in levels difficulty”. At least one student, however, was unable to discern between difficulty levels stating that “the degree of difficulty did not seem to increase with each level”.
Over a quarter of respondents (27.3%) indicated that they disliked the limited responses provided by the adaptive quizzes and expressed dissatisfaction with the lack of detail of the feedback they received. Rather than the simple correct/incorrect feedback, students wanted to know where they had gone wrong with their answers. Students stated that “being shown the correct answer if you got a question wrong was great. However if this was backed up with the workings/calculations it would be more beneficial”. Another commented: “when you get a question that needs a formula to work out answer [sic] it just shows you correct answer. It would be more helpful if it gave correct formula [sic] as well”. Many respondents wanted to see the details of how correct answers were calculated, stating: “more detail would have help [sic] as to how the answer was reached however discussions on [the LMS] helped in this area”, and “not having a breakdown of how the answer was worked out made understanding my error harder”. These sentiments were echoed throughout the survey comments: “without a detailed explanation of each question, and the process behind getting the answer right, it was all self-learning”, “it would be great to get a more detailed answer for the results. Explaining how they came to certain answers and providing calculations for the answers would assist in understanding how they came to the answer and be able to apply the methods next time”, and “lack of feedback on the questions I got wrong. Sometimes [sic] could not find the reason my answer was incorrect and ended up checking with either the tutor or other students”. However, respondents also commented on how they valued the feedback that the quizzes provided: “the ability to have feedback immediately helped me amend my study while it was fresh”, and “[you] got to know what you were learning each week was being tested as you went”.
A majority of students who responded to the survey (86.4%) agreed or strongly agreed that seeing how the level of the adaptive quizzes changed gave them a good understanding of the level they were at. Furthermore, 88.6% of the students agreed or strongly agreed that the quiz results helped them to identify exactly where their gaps in knowledge were. One student commented: “the quizzes gave me a good understanding of where I was up to. It also showed if I had missed something while reading”. Another stated that for them, the most useful aspect of the adaptive quizzes was “being able to identify what I was missing from that week”. Students felt that the weekly quizzes provided a means of continually testing whether their knowledge was up to the level it needed to be and identifying which areas they needed to work more on. Most respondents (88.9%) agreed or strongly agreed that seeing their performance in an adaptive quiz assisted them with self-assessment of their work, and 77.8% of them agreed or strongly agreed that the quizzes helped them to focus on the important information in the unit.
The students who responded to the survey appreciated the spaced, weekly practice that allowed them to continually practice what they had learnt in class, with 93.3% of students agreeing or strongly agreeing that adaptive quizzes were a good opportunity to practice using their knowledge each week.
Overwhelmingly, the students who completed the survey felt the quizzes had benefits for their learning outcomes. Almost all, 93.3%, agreed or strongly agreed that overall, the adaptive quizzes were helpful for their learning. One stated: “I think the quiz [sic] were fantastic for the online study. If I wasn’t completing them after each week I would not know as much as I do. It made me realise if I had missed something etc.”. Furthermore, the quizzes were generally seen as useful for test and exam revision: “the quizzes were great revision for the tests”. Another commented: “the quizzes that you can do and do and do and do are very helpful prep for learnings and exams. Thanks”, however this sentiment was not universal: “I don’t feel these quizzes have prepared me for the exam. But could be useful in other units”. Criticism of the adaptive quizzes occurred rarely in the data revealing that the overwhelming response from students was positive.
Discussion and conclusion
This research sought to explore whether the implementation of adaptive quizzes in an online first year unit was associated with improved learning outcomes and student perceptions of increased motivation, engagement and learning outcomes. In regards to the first research question, our findings did not directly suggest that the adaptive quizzes significantly improved student learning outcomes. Assessment 2, which involved writing a report, and therefore aligned with the adaptive quizzes in content only, not format, was the only one of the three assessments to show a significant increase in score after the introduction of the adaptive quizzes. Assessment 1, which resembled in both form and content the adaptive quizzes, did not show increased scores. Furthermore, the increase found in the combined student scores was not significant. We therefore conclude from these findings, that the adaptive quizzes in their current form were not connected with significant improvements in student scores, despite the slight increases found.
Few studies have examined and reported on changes to student performance following the introduction of adaptive testing, and those that do show mixed results (Barla et al., 2010; Becker-Blease & Bostwick, 2016; Griff & Matter, 2013; Murray & Pérez, 2015; Phelan & Phelan, 2011). One of the few studies that found positive changes to student scores after using adaptive testing (Barla et al., 2010) reported that scores increased on average from 2.5 to 3.6 out of 6. This increase was attributed to the use of adaptive testing. Further experiments revealed that adaptive testing assists below-average performing students more than average or above-average performing students. Likewise, a study by Phelan and Phelan (2011) found that students who used an adaptive quiz had statistically significant higher scores than students who did not use the quizzes.
The findings of the current study, however, sit with those that have not found differences between student scores following the use of adaptive quizzes. A recent study (Becker-Blease & Bostwick, 2016) for example, found no statistically significant differences in scores between the students using adaptive quizzes and the control group. Similarly, Griff and Matter (2013) found no statistically significant improvements in student performance by students using an adaptive learning system and those given online questions. Another recent study (Murray & Pérez, 2015) also found no statistically significant difference in test scores between students using adaptive learning and students using traditional instruction. We argue that reporting on findings that show limited or no measurable effects is essential to contributing to the balance between the reality and the research findings regarding educational technology (Henderson, Selwyn, & Aston, 2017; Selwyn, 2015, 2016).
Regarding the second research question of student perceptions, findings reveal that those who responded to the survey were generally very favourable toward the adaptive quizzes, in line with recent research that students enjoy adaptive quizzes and technologies (Becker-Blease & Bostwick, 2016; Griff & Matter, 2013; House et al., 2016; Rossano, Pesare, & Roselli, 2017) and perceive that they help them with their learning. Most of the students enjoyed the quizzes and would like to experience them again. Students appreciated the instant feedback provided by the quizzes and the regularity of the feedback motivated students. The main aspect of the quizzes that students would like to see improved was to provide more comprehensive feedback, particularly regarding the details of where students had gone wrong in their calculations. Interestingly, the aspects of the quizzes that students liked, such as regular and instant feedback, were not specific to adaptive quizzes, but could apply more generally to any form of online formative assessment. As such, adaptive multiple-choice quizzes should be viewed as just one of many types of online assessments capable of delivering formative feedback. Further research could also examine whether more comprehensive feedback would have yielded better outcomes for the students.
This research reveals a common divide in the literature – namely that student preference or satisfaction does not necessarily equate to increased learning outcomes as measured through student response (Bjork, Dunlosky, & Kornell, 2013; Clark, 2010; Dowell & Neal, 1982; Galbraith, Merrill, & Kline, 2012; Sitzmann, Brown, Casper, Ely, & Zimmerman, 2008; Spooren, Brockx, & Mortelmans, 2013; Stark-Wroblewski, Ahlering, & Brill, 2007). While these findings should not urge educators to disregard the importance of student preference for, or satisfaction with their education, they do highlight the consideration that needs to be given to student preference and satisfaction while optimising learning outcomes.
The findings presented here reveal that there are challenges involved in developing adaptive quizzes that students perceive to increase their motivation and engagement, while also leading to improved learning outcomes. As such, we suggest that further research is needed in order to align student motivation and engagement with student learning outcomes using adaptive release testing technologies.
We acknowledge that the small sample size and effect sizes are a limitation of the study and warrant further investigation. Although students were informed that using the adaptive quizzes might benefit their learning, they were otherwise not provided with other sources of motivation to undertake the quizzes. Future research will explore why the majority of students chose not to use the quizzes, and whether those students who did use the quizzes, improved their performance compared to those that did not.
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The authors would like to thank Ms. Belinda Davey and Ms. Heather Russell in their role as learning designers developing the adaptive quizzes. The authors would like to thank Dr. Katie Richardson for support in developing the paper in response to reviewers’ comments and Ms. Jenny Trevitt for assistance with the review of the literature.
Availability of data and materials
Please contact corresponding author.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
All data used in this study was de-identified to ensure the confidential and anonymous treatment of participants’ data. The project was approved for human research ethics by Swinburne’s Human Research Ethics Committee (SUHREC) and follows the Australian Government’s National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (2007). Any conflicts of interest were minimal and resolved by employing researchers who were not involved in the student assessments. To access the de-identified data used in this study, please email the corresponding author and provide a statement regarding the purposes of your request.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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I felt well prepared for the assessments in this unit.
Ratio analysis report
I found the assessment guidelines clear and unambiguous.
Did any of the following encourage you to increase your discussion board activity in this unit?
the Student Toolbox
the Blackboard resources
the adaptive quizzes leading up to the marked assessments
the marked assessments
Did any of the following motivate you to complete the assessment in this unit?
the Student Toolbox
the Blackboard resources
the adaptive quizzes leading up to the marked assessment
Had you heard of Adaptive Quizzes before completing the assessment in this Unit?
I have enjoyed completing the Adaptive Quizzes in this unit.
It was good getting feedback straight away.
The Adaptive Quiz results helped me to identify exactly where the gaps in my knowledge were.
Regular feedback from my Adaptive Quiz performance motivated me to keep trying.
I disliked the limited responses that Adaptive Quizzes allow.
I enjoyed the challenge posed by the increasing difficulty level of the Adaptive Quizzes.
Seeing how the level of the Adaptive Quizzes changed gave me a good understanding of the level I was at.
I tended to focus only on the information I would need for each Adaptive Quiz.
Adaptive Quizzes helped me to focus on the important information.
Adaptive Quizzes were a good opportunity each week to practice using my knowledge.
Seeing my performance in an Adaptive Quiz assisted me with self-assessment of my work.
Overall, the Adaptive Quizzes were helpful for my learning.
What features/aspects of Adaptive Quizzes have been most useful to you and why?
What features/aspects have been least useful to you and why?
Would you like to experience Adaptive Quizzes again in your study?
Do you have any general feedback?
About this article
Cite this article
Ross, B., Chase, AM., Robbie, D. et al. Adaptive quizzes to increase motivation, engagement and learning outcomes in a first year accounting unit. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 15, 30 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-018-0113-2
- Adaptive quizzes
- Adaptive learning
- Online learning
- Student engagement
- Student achievement | <urn:uuid:ec28681e-d648-4955-8b7e-f8c181677c91> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41239-018-0113-2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945912 | 10,679 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Madonna di Guadalupe Chapel in Palermo
The chapel of Nostra Signora di Guadalupe, the most exuberant of the chapels of the Church of Santa Maria Degli Angeli at La Gancia in Palermo, houses the tomb of Don Juan Lopez de Cisneros, the inquisitor killed in the secrets of the Steri “by the heretic” frà Diego la Matina in 1657, whose story was told by Sciascia in his booklet “Death of the Inquisitor”.
The differential collapse that the chapel had suffered due to the presence of water in the foundation, caused deep cracks from the foundation to the upper part of the church, causing considerable water infiltration.
The decorative apparatus was therefore in a strong state of degradation and in obvious danger of major losses. The aim was to return a jewel to the city of Palermo and to the Spanish State.
The intervention involved the restoration of the Chapel roof, the structural rehabilitation of the damaged walls through injections and plating, the consolidation and fixing of internal marbles, profound interventions of consolidation and restoration of the entire decorative apparatus, in stucco and fresco.
Mission: project and realization
Date: 2009 - 2019 | <urn:uuid:53bf83f9-852e-4ba5-92d1-03e8e09c4a98> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chvl.it/en/restoration/madonna-di-guadalupe-chapel-in-palermo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.922136 | 275 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Loyal readers, as many of you know it is a presidential election year in the United States. Current president and Democratic, Barack Obama will seek re-election as he is challenged by the Republican nominee, Mitt Romney. Though the election is still well over two months away, I am ready to call the election with a fair amount of certainty. ET.com is ready to project, in the middle of August, that Mitt Romney will become the 45th President of the United States.
Now you might be wondering how I, someone who has previously stated has little knowledge of politics, can make such a declaration so soon when other political experts are still analyzing the situation. Well, my loyal readers, my confidence comes from an observation I have made about the people of the United States, something I have noticed since the year 2000. American is a most unusual country, it is a conundrum, a mystery, and a puzzle. When taken as a whole, America has many flaws, yet when you examine a select group of Americans, you can see the best and the brightest in the world. The US just sent a few hundred of their best athletes to the Summer Olympics. They won more medals than any other country. Yet, as a whole, a large percentage of Americans are obese, ranking second in the world in obesity, according to one study.
If you examine how smart Americans can be, one could look at the California Institute of Technology as an example. Caltech has had 31 Nobel laureates in its halls, a number and a ratio to its alumni that is unmatched by any other learning institution. A few hundred of the best and brightest over the Jet Propulsion Lab, were able to launch and land a small on Mars this month. NASA has been able to successfully send more spacecraft to Mars than any other nation. Yet for all the accomplishments America has gained, we constantly hear about the dumbing down of the US, the war on intellectuals and the decline of education. As an example, the US elevates people like Kim Kardashian, Paris Hilton, and the cast of Jersey Shore as stars and even more sadly, sometimes as role models. Why are these people so famous?
It is this odd duplicity that permeates throughout the US that confounds me. It is also the reason why I believe Mitt Romney will be the next President of the United States. In small doses and in select circumstances, small groups of US people can be capable of doing amazing things. As a whole though, as a nation together, it makes poor and baffling choices. These choices hurt their country but they seem unaware or powerless to stop themselves from making such choices.
It’s so clear that Mitt Romney would be a terrible leader for the majority of the citizens of the United States. Fiscally, the man who is worth over $200M has little in common with the average American man, woman, or family. His interests lie with corporations. His refusal to even release his tax returns should be a jarring alarm to the average voter but sadly this won’t matter to most Americans. On social issues, Romney is no friend of women, minorities or really anyone who isn’t a white male or shall I say a rich, white male.
Though he is definitely not perfect, Americans would help themselves immensely if they gave Barack Obama a second term. Millions of Americans now have access to healthcare that they did not before, that alone should be reason enough for them to vote for Obama in the fall. Yet, I can almost guarantee, some of these same people will actually vote for Romney and will eventually get their healthcare taken away.
So in summary, while I believe individually, Americans are capable of being the best in the world, America as a whole, loves making the dumbest choices for their nation. They had a rare moment of clarity in 2008 but get ready for a monumental national blunder come November. You heard it here first, Mitt Romney will be number 45. | <urn:uuid:b2b5515d-e6b1-4165-9118-3955b8b34130> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.erwintang.com/2012/08/decision-2012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.97456 | 805 | 1.789063 | 2 |
We have described the error code E03 refrigerator ASKO, the causes of the malfunction, the recommendations of diagnostics and repair. For convenience, arranged in a convenient and understandable table below.
Also on our website oshibki-bytovoj-tehniki.com, you can find a lot of information on breakdowns of household appliances of many brands and types.
|Error code||Description||Causes and solution|
|E03||The sensor that controls the temperature regime of the freezer and refrigerator chambers is out of order||Breakdown of compressor valves, incorrect operation of equipment that is responsible for defrosting the installation, freezing of frost| | <urn:uuid:15497c1c-716e-4edc-8229-e1feb7a87e70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oshibki-bytovoj-tehniki.com/en/refrigerators-error-codes/asko/e03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.851433 | 137 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is of keen importance in the modern world of the Internet. The Internet has made all the world connected. Globalization, due to the Internet, has made humans inclined more and more towards the Internet. They get attracted and fascinated by the high-quality material available on the Internet. It would not be wrong to say that it has become one of the most important needs of the modern era. Everyone who is using the Internet would love to get the best content for fulfilling his needs.
Hence, Google offers the top ranking sites to the users whenever they search for anything on the search engine. This has made the competition to be massively tough. However, the availability of useful and renowned tools to optimize content such as check plagiarism, paraphrasing, backlinking, etc. is playing its key role in boosting up the ranks of websites. The Internet is flooded with lots of websites, and it is not possible to rank every site at the top. So, the competition begins!
Duplicate Content SEO Issues
One of the biggest issues in the path of SEO is duplicate content. Using material and ideas of others on your website due to any reason such a shortage of time, no mood of writing, etc. does not make any sense. Through the use of duplicate content, you are not saving your time or showing any sort of smart work but damaging the reputation of your website. Hence, one needs to be cautious about the duplicate content and should not use it either intentionally or unintentionally.
Always check the plagiarism of your website content to improve your website ranking. With bad SEO due to duplicate content, you just decrease your reputation in the competitive world. Least ranking means least to no traffic on your website, which would ultimately lead to issues regarding the generation of revenue. Ensure to drive more traffic to our website in order to gain more and more monetary benefits. A good reputation can lead to potentiated outcomes.
The Solution of Duplicate Content
Plagiarism detector free is the solution to your problems. Check plagiarism before the publishing of content on the website else you are committing a huge mistake by taking a massive risk. The plagiarism checker would let you know about the duplication of content and would highlight it as well. So, you can easily figure out where you need to make the changes. Plagiarism detector free can be accessed online, and it is entirely free of cost.
Choose the most reliable and accurate one as it would take you closer to your dreams. At https://searchenginereports.net/plagiarism-checker, you would find out the swiftest and accurate outcome within seconds. The duplicate content is harmful enough to ruin the career of students. Submission of copied documents or assignments can never lead to success but may lead to a warning. The institute may even suspend such students as well from their premises.
Creative Mind Generate Unique Content
There is no doubt in the fact that bringing more and more creativity to the content would grant uniqueness to it. But to check plagiarism is the main responsibility of the writer as it could prevent him from several upcoming issues. Everyone is not capable enough to add creativity in the content or to write amazingly different content from others. Indeed, many of the times, the duplicate content is unintentional.
Reading the content from somewhere and then writing it in your own words makes a difference. Likewise, it would be better if you go through several platforms before commencing the write-up. It would let you make a fabulous amalgam of the content. Check plagiarism of the content by running it on the free online tool which needs to be easily accessible, accurate, and reliable. It would be perfect magically to provide you with the solution of your duplicate content.
Effective Dealing with Plagiarized Content
Keep your content clean from the copied material. It is possible when you have an idea about copied content. Check plagiarism online, which would highlight the copied content. Now, you need to deal with this duplicate content by clicking on the button of “Rewrite Content”.Keep on doing so until you get satisfied with the uniqueness of content. After getting satisfied and getting zero plagiarism, publish your article on the website. Simple, quick, and smart approach!
In this fabulous online tool to check plagiarism, you are offered a lot of solutions to rank your site and to get facilitation as well. One of such facilitations is the opportunity to download the report. With a single click, you would get the report of your content so that you can share it with others as well, such as with your writers or students. So, they can get to know about their content and rectify it to make the content more appealing and unique. | <urn:uuid:5011cbc1-3ce8-4cec-8dc5-3feca486de2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://techmoran.com/2020/04/27/duplicate-content-seo-issues-its-solution/?noamp=available | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953698 | 973 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Home Activities: Teens
Our librarians have gathered resources and suggestions for keeping boredom at bay!
Don’t forget, our Digital Branch is always open for borrowing ebooks, listening to music, learning a new hobby, and more.
- Try a daily writing challenge or writing prompts.
- Rewrite the ending to a story or movie.
- Start a memoir, write jokes, a short story, or a comic strip.
- Try blackout poetry or write your own poem.
- Start a Journal.
- Look for a new recipe that sounds tasty and make a meal. AtoZ Food America has many recipes.
- Bake a cake, cupcakes, or cookies, and get creative with your decorating.
- Share pictures with family and friends! You can even have an online contest with friends by sharing pictures and voting on your favorites.
- See how to make Monster Cookies in this video by Teen Librarian Alyssa.
- Reorganize your room!
- Craft something new for your wall.
- Paint if it’s OK with your adults.
- Learn something new – a braid, a craft technique, how to fix your bike, etc.
- Play Games:
- Create your own board game or card game.
- Learn a new card game
- Play virtual games with your friends
- Build a fort.
- Watch WPL Teen Youtube videos to see more things you can do.
- Set up an obstacle course in your house or your yard. Time family members as they make their way through the course to see who is the fastest. Change up the course and do it again!
- Make a conditioning plan for yourself – write down each exercise and how many repetitions you want to try. Mix it up each day so you don’t get bored!
- Put on your favorite music and dance!
- Try yoga:
- Try a series of yoga poses a day. Add in a new pose every couple of days.
- Enjoy time outside:
- Go for a walk, a run, or ride your bike. Download music or an audiobook to listen while you exercise.
- Go to a forest preserve
- Bird watch
- Walk a new route in your neighborhood
- Brainfuse—Need help with homework? Teachers are available online to help you with this resource from the Library’s Digital Branch.
- Scholastic Learn at Home—Videos, activities, articles, and games to satisfy your curiosity.
- NASA STEM @ home – Fun Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math activities for students and the whole family.
- Virtual Museum Tours – Tour some of the world’s most famous museums virtually.
- Mango Languages – Practice your language lessons, or learn something new.
- Learning Express Library – Test prep for the ACT or SAT.
- TED ED – TED Talks and animated videos for teens.
- Wide Open School – A free collection of online learning experiences, pulled together by Common Sense Media educators.
- Activism – Wondering how to make a difference during these times? This link provides information about different activism topics and how to get involved.
- Teen COVID-19 Resource Guide – Explore a collection of media and books to learn more about topics you care about.
- eBooks – Check out books from our Digital Branch.
- eAudiobooks – Prefer to listen? Check out audiobooks from our Digital Branch.
- Rebecca Caudill Award List – The 2022 Illinois readers’ choice award for grades 4-8.
- Lincoln Award List – The 2022 Illinois teen readers’ choice award.
- Michael L. Printz Award – Add these award winning titles to your reading list.
- Book Lists – Book lists and reading suggestions for different genres and topics.
- Book Talks – Watch what Librarians are saying about their favorite or recently read books.
- Local Schools’ Summer Reading Lists | <urn:uuid:8c01a31d-2095-4095-9350-0d296e2084fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://westmontlibrary.org/home-activities/home-activities-teens/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.862374 | 848 | 3.3125 | 3 |
When we think about the art and science of gardening, our thoughts usually head toward springtime and summer. However, it’s absolutely possible to keep a garden going throughout the winter. You simply need to understand what to plant, when to plant it and how to maintain the best possible growing conditions in your home.
Why to Grow Plants Inside?
Plenty of people would never think to garden inside when it’s cold outdoors. After all, you can always get some food at the local grocery or health store.
Yet many individuals are getting worried that the produce they’re buying during the winter is less-than- nutritional. Besides, there’s nothing like the taste of food you grow yourself.
Which Plants Can Grow the Best Indoors?
Let’s say you don’t have a greenhouse in your backyard, and that you’re going to garden inside your apartment or house. In this case, the climate will probably be around 62 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit, which is a common temperature range for human comfort.
In this type of climate, there are several types of plants that do well, including many herbs, avocados, garlic greens, mushrooms, some kinds of salad lettuce and tomatoes.
You can also bring some of your outdoor garden plants, such as a cherry tomato vine or pepper plant, indoors to extend the life of the plant. This can also make next year’s spring and summer planting faster. Some people even claim that this helps enhance the flavor of the veggies or fruits, as the plants are being allowed to mature in a way that wouldn’t be possible if you just replanted every year. While this is debatable, it’s worth gauging for yourself!
How to Prepare for Indoor Gardening
An indoor garden doesn’t have to take up lots of space, but that doesn’t mean you don’t have to prepare your home in advance. Make sure you have wide enough window sills, shelves and, if applicable, a corner of a room to take care of your items.
If you have pets, you will want to ensure that your plants are kept away from their curious paws and teeth. Little children should be kept away from growing plants too. Sometimes they will try to eat unripe shoots or even the soil. A little prevention will go a long way toward making sure your indoor gardening is safe for all.
You also need to make sure you have the right kind of hydration for your plants. You might want to get a professional to monitor your water for acidity levels. If your tap water is toxic to your plants, they will die or be unable to grow to full capacity. From a small sample of your water, you can learn a lot. In fact, you may just discover that your water isn’t good for you or your family either.
How to Prepare Outdoor Plants for Indoor Gardening
If you’re taking the step of bringing any outdoor plants inside for the winter, there are a few key routes to follow. First, check the plant for any signs of insects. The last thing you need is to bring spiders, mites and other critters into your home! They’ll be happy to jump aboard a plant that’s being repotted in your house, but you won’t be happy when you find them exploring!
Next, acclimate the plant to living inside. Just as it would be strange for you to suddenly spend all your time outside, it takes time for plants to adjust to indoor lighting, temperature and humidity. As the temperature outside starts dipping to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit at night, start bringing the plants inside during the evening hours. Then, pop them back outside in the morning when the temperature rises. Eventually, the cycle of bringing them in and out will help the plant learn to grow more when it is fully indoors.
With that being said, if you’re planting from shoots or seeds, you’ll have no problem with acclimation. Thus, if you want to start growing an indoor herb, fruit or vegetable, you can skip this step.
How to Keep Up with Winter Gardening
A winter garden provides amazing versatility for your eating and cooking, but only if you remember to treat it well. Be certain that you’re watering and harvesting as recommended depending upon the type of plants you’re gardening. You may even want to create a chart that lets you see at a glance when you have last watered, harvested or otherwise attended to each item you’re growing.
At the end of the winter, you’ll have a bevy of wonderful plants that you can slowly return to an outdoor garden, or just keep inside with you for more seasons to come. Don’t forget to share some of your tasty treasures with friends, family members, neighbors and colleagues! They’ll appreciate the fresh produce and be amazed at your gardening prowess.
All MOTHER EARTH NEWS community bloggers have agreed to follow our Blogging Guidelines, and they are responsible for the accuracy of their posts. To learn more about the author of this post, click on their byline link at the top of the page. | <urn:uuid:8500fd0e-f0af-4a71-abd3-ad702514dfc5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.motherearthnews.com/organic-gardening/gardening-in-winter-zbcz1410/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948292 | 1,077 | 2.671875 | 3 |
what are asteroids
of NASA accordingThey’re additionally referred to as minor planets. Simply as all of the planets in our photo voltaic system revolve across the Solar, so additionally asteroids revolve across the Solar. Asteroids are the rocky remnants left over from the early formation of our Photo voltaic System, about 4.6 billion years in the past. Scientists have up to now detected 11 lakh 13 thousand 527 asteroids.
Many of the asteroids revolve between Mars and Jupiter
Most asteroids are present in the primary asteroid belt, which lies between Mars and Jupiter. Their dimension can vary from 10 meters to 530 kilometers. The overall mass of all of the asteroids found up to now is lower than that of Earth’s moon.
Most asteroids are irregular in form. Some are nearly round, whereas many seem oval. There are some asteroids which have their very own moon. Many even have two moons. Scientists have additionally found double and triple asteroid methods, through which these rocks maintain transferring round one another.
Asteroids are divided into three sorts – C, S and M sorts. C-type (chondrite) asteroids are the most typical. They’re most likely composed of clay and silicate rocks and are darkish in look. It is likely one of the oldest issues within the photo voltaic system. S-type asteroids are composed of silicate supplies and nickel-iron. Whereas M sort asteroids are metallic (nickel-iron). Their composition will depend on the gap from the Solar.
That is how they arrive near the earth
When asteroids come near the Earth, scientists see the gap between them and the Earth. For this the assistance of satellite tv for pc and radar is taken. Most asteroids orbit within the Major Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter, however many asteroids have orbits that move close to Earth. Asteroids crossing the Earth’s orbital path are generally known as Earth-crossers.
Fascinating naming too!
When an asteroid is found, it’s named by the Worldwide Astronomical Union Committee. The title may be something, however a quantity can be added to it like – (99942) Apophis. Asteroids are additionally named after artists, scientists, historic characters. | <urn:uuid:5af21328-f6e5-4b03-a7ba-774937b8b06f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://illinoisworkscoalition.com/2022/08/06/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82-%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A1-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.951578 | 462 | 3.578125 | 4 |
And in the last seventh there were painted Deserts, or Wildernesses, in the midst whereof ran many fair fountains, from whence there issued out a number of Serpents, which ran up and down here and there.”
Authors Note: On this seventh tablet, hard to consider exactly what it is about? We see mountains, and serpents and water flowing down. In alchemy this is called the Conjunction. The waters are coming together. Alchemists said, “we must turn the wheel again!” We have made and finished the material for making the stone, we have the virgin earth, the “Dry Land.” We now start to repeat the process to actually make the stones of the philosophers. This is where we depart what was done in the creation process of Genesis, and alchemically we now want to improve what we have with the earth as in the earth of the creation. This is a point I could speak about for a long time because of the ramifications it has to religion. This is about what is man, and what is a God to the ancients. This is about what female made in the below, the moon, and now we are going to progress and make a substance from male, the sun! Remember, the sun is God in part, and male and perfect, in part! I am pointing this out because in religion, there is much discussion of God, pure and less pure and the Creation. All of it comes I am sure from discussion in the past by religious persons, priests of the Temple, and the fact that part of the stone in the creation is created less pure! Consider, what does this mean when comparing pure with the impure, and what man was made of and what it took to make Osiris a God? Now, most that read this material have no idea what I am talking about, but, Philosophically, all our religion comes from this process. The “Demigod” god also. This is I believe where from. Consider one thing. There are libraries of alchemical material. When known this process is all through it. Always hidden and unknown by the masses. They always spoke of it in a way it could not be understood, but if you will learn these steps and what I point out, you will find it is everywhere in the past, and still with us today. There is almost nothing that can’t be tied to what I am explaining. I will show many pictorial allegories when I get to that part of this site that will show and prove what I am saying.
There are two stones to be made, one the white stone, one the more powerful red stone. One takes now three months to finish, (the white), the other or red stone, seven. The first part of the process takes nine months, the second part seven months divided into three and four. This division is also all through religious doctrine, and seven is everywhere. Now seven to G. Massey is most always tied to the seven stars of the Great Bear, the plough, the big dipper, depending on which society or which people and what time we are speaking of. When you know this process of which Massey did not know, you will know that it is not tied to those stars or that constellation in many instances.
Back to alchemy and the process. This is the point where the one part mercury, is finished (nine months). This is where Osiris is reborn as a New Born Babe. This is the Virgin birth! In alchemy this is the substance needed to be made to make the stone out of. Where we now begin the work for the stones, the second seven months. With the above pictorial allegory, remember what we are working with. A substance (earth), serpents which are lights, and water. They are now again coming together to further purify and augment the substance below. This is a repeat of the Third Day! What we must learn and know here is that we are to make two stones with the material. Not shown in these tablets well enough to see. The white stone is just about the moonlight, and so never again will that part of the substance see the sun. I will show pictorial allegories and show this point. In alchemy this has to do with what is known as “Like.“ Only Like Materials or forces are used with the stones at certain points. For the red, we use both lights for now, to augment to Crowned Androgynous material, but eventually it will be finished by only the sun. The material was dried in moonlight only as the lights have been given gender. The sun is masculine, the moon feminine. The white stone is of a feminine character, and is linked to the moon. Here you now can see why. If we dried the substance and used both lights, the masculine effect of the sun would be imparted to the material, and no white stone could be made from it! It would be ruined as far as to make the white stone. In alchemy this understanding is shown by a “White Goose,” and sometimes a “White Swan. I will show this in allegory, feeding herself by using her own blood for food. Like is the word also for the same understanding. If here the lights are not Like the below, no stone will be made or finished correctly! When we work for the finish of the red stone, like or sunlight will be used only! This is how the term Like used by the alchemists is to be used and understood. The white goose/swan is feeding on her own blood is like saying the white stone is now feeding only on the white light of the moon. For the red stone, it will become a stronger more powerful stone and so is further augmented by both lights. For the next three month time period, two things are going to be going on. This time period is from October until the end of December or the beginning of January however you want to say it. The white stone will then be finished, and is then the white flowers of the second tablet. The red stone will be finished with the two lights for the further augmentation, and at that point becomes a work of only the sun. So the red flowers or red powder of that tablet. Remember this is the seventh tablet here, the last tablet in this series, but the over lap now takes us back to that first tablet and the second understanding.
Now, for the religious aspect. I said this is Osiris being augmented (red stone)so that he can become a perfect male and female of the earth. Then when we augment that substance with just sunlight (God in the religion) Osirs joins with Horus (Eye of God) (sun) for four months and by doing so is now or becomes, perfect male, perfect female, and so by the joining, “GOD.” There is much more to this for those who have studied this material. We make two stones, consider the Two Brothers as sometimes described, Jesus and John the Baptist. The white stone is as John. It is done with the top off. That is described as cutting the head off, by removing the cupel, I will show it pictorially and that is how it will be in the drawing. Everything of the white stone is as of John the Baptist. It about a lesser person, about moisture, (baptism), about the head off, all the same. Jesus, the Son of God as described is as the Red Stone, made perfect by the sun(God in the light). You have to study the Gnostic Gospels and other material to understand these connections.
Tablet One, second understanding.
Mercury is the substance we are to use, the serpents we showed are the two lights. We had waters below and the two lights. The old man we know now as Saturn, or Set, but he becomes Horus in the joining and ancient Religion. We discussed that battle that must be fought by the matters. Really in the process is which stone are you going to make, one, or both and so which light overcomes! We see the old man with an hour glass on his head with red powder or sand within it. What does this mean? The second understanding from what I have said, is now the time to fix the material, and make the red stone. To fix we are left with open and shut, and bind and loose, (from Flamel). This is where the seven months are split. We augmented for three months, now we fix for four more months to complete the red stone. I will show this also in several pictorial allegories. Now, another secret tied to this time of year, the Constellation Orion. The star Sirius, the Dog Star and the Three Wise Men! I mentioned in my part of the world I work with the sun and I start at my start of the year, Dec. 21. Christmas has been moved to December as we know it and celebrate it. In Ancient Egypt, They started in June. They reached this point following June. What is important about June is this is when these Constellations rise above ancient Egypt. These stars were picked because the three stars of Orions Belt are as the Three months of work to get to this point. Sirius rising is tied to Osiris going to heaven. It was said he disappeared from the earth. What does this mean? I do the work, the first three months after Septembers child (September my time) in the below part of the oven (on earth). Now, I have to move the substance into the upper part of the oven (in heaven) to join with the sun. This is or looks just like the Eye of Horus drawing within a pyramid you should be familiar with! The dog star is below because dogs eat rotten meat, and turned it into food or something good! So, the dog star simply is to help turn your rotten body into a new resurrected good body. Simply how the ancients expressed this idea in the above hoping it would happen in the below. I want to say here, many years ago when I started this work as my hobby, I only wanted to find the answer to alchemy. I am not an expert on astrology, The Gnostic gospels, any Religion, but when you know this process and you read any of these subjects they all come together. There are many books that need to be written on this process and how it has been augmented in every way by religious persons to control man! All from a simple process of Nature and Matter. You decide.
Tablet Two, Second understanding. We have the flowers on the top of the mountain.
One is for the completion of the white stone, the white flowers. The red is saying we are now working for the red only. The sun is at the side of the tablet, and is saying it is now a work of the sun. At the foot of the mountain is blue. This is water, we need as before to add water to the substance as it is how we “fix” the light above and create a new earth! Always water is involved. Let your substance go dry for one day, and the sun will destroy your work and you will have to begin again. I found this out many times. It is January and it is cold, the substance is at the top of the oven and will stay there till the finish. I said before that the tablets kind of blend together, that should be easier to see now. All cannot be said in one tablet, so it is necessary to see this blending of the matters and how to do it to understand. Here we just use seven tablets, some with a double meaning. Try to understand those series where a hundred or more tablets are used.
The second understanding of the third tablet. We are back to the garden, “a place where Gold was found.” Sixteen squares means the sixteen months have passed and now you have the red stone. It is the rose bush, which is like a metaphor for the red powder. It is a hollow oak as the stone is found within the hollow shell. The red powder has now become like the sun. The sun is perfect, the stone is also perfect. Osiris has risen and now can go to heaven to live with the Gods. Osiris is now three in One, androgynous, (male female) and then linked to God (the sun). Also, to further prove, this is the point where again, the top comes off the egg shell. Now the matters are “LIKE” the sun. Osiris is now like Horus and a God! Now we can further augment the stone to cause it to reproduce and so multiply the matters, just with light, vapor and time. Cleopatra (a female alchemists) said that at this step, “Let there be a Union between the Greatest and the Smallest). That union is now the matters and the sun, this is the first time the matters are capable of withstanding direct sunlight! The sun has been “fixed” to the matters! This is “The First Natural Resurrection!” Reams of material are already written about the Resurrection. This process though is about the
“Original Resurrection.” The ancients believed that as I explained, the matter was dead, and became alive, was regenerated, and then resurrected perfect. It can be no coincidence that all the steps of this process are the same as what was Celebrated and tied to the religion of Osiris, over the same time period, 16 months! And, that we have the same things celebrated and understood today in our modern religions, even though they are now several thousand years old. All came from this find in nature, originally. Man found how to perfect matter, believed he had found proof of God, and so organized religion became a reality. What I want you to think about is this. “what did the powder do to convince them of what they found? They say it cures all ills! Many in the past tied to this stone cured the sick! They say it turns lead to gold! As of yet I don’t know what it will do, hopefully I will eventually find that out. When and if I do I will explain it on my forum.
In Genesis, we have moved to the fourth day where the lights are in the firmament, and can now shine onto the earth. You see, many had thought that this day the lights above were created, sun and moon. That is not true, this day the lights were simply believed moved into the firmament, no longer above it. The relationship has changed to the one (creation process) we know today. The sun ruling the day, the moon the night. We now can know and use them as we want, if we want. As we review other allegories and understand them, all this will be much easier to see. Those allegories become easy to read when you know what they are about!
This was for me for many years a hard tablet to get any meaning from. But it becomes easy when you consider a few things.
This step and tablet is about the Conjunction.
He mention deserts and wilderness,
and so remember we proceed on this step
with a dry white powder mercury from the last step.
What we are doing is again bringing the waters together for the red stone,
same for the white but selecting the waters to apply.
From the first tablet we found the serpents on the staff were the lights above,
and so here again the serpents are the lights.
The streams are the waters issuing from the small mountains,
or within the oven we are also adding water and the process continues.
We have the lights, circulation,
and the substance that needs to be augmented for the red stone.
We will also be adding heat to keep the oven warm as it is now again, winter.
The conjunction is shown as starting in October,
and is from the substance finished in September.
The substance is now the True Mercury of the Philosophers.
It is the only substance on the earth that can be made into The Philosophers Stone.
The philosophers mention about every substance known to man
and tell you it does not produce the stone,
or is not used to produce the stone,
and one is left wondering what it could possible be made of ??
The answer is simple after you know,
the stone is made from a substance that you have to make.
It is not found on the earth naturally.
The Conjunction has to do with both stones.
For the red, we "turn the wheel again,"
the process continues.
It is basically a repeat of what we have done in the past.
All waters are used with the further augmentation of mercury.
The white stone, which is a lesser stone than the red,
can and is made from the mercury,
but the mercury is not first further augmented.
The white stone is made of like, is female and is from the moon.
We make it separately from the red,
we use only warmth, moonlight and vapor.
This step takes three months, lasts until January where the white stone is finished,
and the final work of the red will begin.
What is important to realize here,
is we are making a substance not found on the earth.
Mercury is a special material.
It will form the white stone,
and the process is a reaction caused by moonlight and vapor in contact with the mercury within the oven
It literally is the above being captured or condensed to the below.
Please remember that the lights were Good.
We never knew what that meant, but we will understand all this in the near future.
The red stone is finished in April. Osiris is resurrected to heaven. It is also Easter! All that we know of at that time are connected, even the Easter Bunny!
In ancient Egypt at Septembers end the Djed Pillar was raised with a Lion cloth and a Tit! This was never explained. It is tied to the sun(Lion cloth and Moon Tit), from the process. This was on (Tit) for three months and removed. The moons work was over. Things were hung from high places and put on hilly places, (the matters that went to the top of the oven for the white stone). They celebrated orgies! This is the waters (male sun and female moon) coming together to further augment The below did as was believed being doing in the above. Osiris as the matters in the process. Everything can be tied to this understanding if known! More to follow.BACK TO TOP | <urn:uuid:c82827f5-9535-4ff7-a2b8-7b875b1c2329> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://websitesbycook.com/thefirstmythology/tablets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.972632 | 3,863 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Inspection Setup Basics
- Smoke Detectors (not older than 10 years, replace batteries when chirping or indicated, wired houses require wired units)
- CO Detectors (any house with a gas source, wood fireplace/stove, or attached garage will need a CO detector)
- Ensure all utilities are on and operational. A home inspector can not turn on or off water valves, electrical breakers, and or gas valve. Something as simple as the gas being off will limit the inspection of major appliance and require a future re-inspect.
- Ensure the furnace is operational by means of basic controls (thermostat, localized controls)
- Have the furnace serviced if it has not regularly been maintained, this is one of the most common items found on an inspection report.
- Change the filter and if the furnace cabinet and or ducts are dirty, they should be cleaned.
- While running the furnace, make sure there is heat coming from each registers, it is often an easy fix when the heat is less than normal.
- Most furnaces older than 20-25 years are generally considered beyond it’s service life, be prepared for a replacement request.
- Water Heater:
- The water heater should be set to produce 120 degrees on average at the fixtures.
- Water heaters in Oregon required specific seismic strapping, (insert guide based on types)
- A TPR valve required a down spout that discharges within 4-6” of the ground, (insert requirements)
- Any water heater older than 12 years is generally considered beyond it’s service life, be prepared for a replacements request. | <urn:uuid:bb334341-25a9-4eb5-afda-8224affa79c5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pacwesthomeinspections.com/home-inspection-checklist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.904089 | 361 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Tyne and Wear HER(15728): East Rainton, Co-operative Store - Details
East Rainton, Co-operative Store
In 1925 the Moorsley Co-operative Society bought land on Durham Road at East Rainton. There was a miner's strike in 1926 so the building was not built until 1931, but trading began from 1927 in part of a rented house owned by Mr Jopling.
East Rainton Women's Institute, no date, History of East Rainton (typescript); Ordnance Survey First Edition Map 1858. | <urn:uuid:1606f0a8-eeef-4c7f-80c0-739d05b6702b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.twsitelines.info/SMR/15728 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.8923 | 159 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Our Revision Notes for GSEB Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 9 Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy summarises the key points of a chapter and useful resource to prepare effectively for the upcoming board exams.
Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Class 9 GSEB Notes Social Science Chapter 9
Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy Class 9 GSEB Notes
→ Human Rights are those rights which not only give a person his/her basic existence but also overall development.
→ United Nations General Assembly has declared Human Rights on 10th of December, 1948 and 10th December is celebrated as ‘Human Rights Day’.
→ The nation’s stability, protection of citizen’s freedom and democracy are protected through Fundamental Rights.
→ Fundamental Right is the major fundation of all other rights and privileges guaranteed to Indian citizens.
→ No citizen shall be discriminated on the basis of race, caste, religion, creed, descent or place of birth.
→ Indian citizens have been given the Freedom of Speech and Expression. This can be expressed either orally, verbally and through gestures.
→ The Constitution of India confers Free and Compulsory Primary Education for the children between 6 to 14 years.
→ The purpose of Preventive Detention is not to punish a convict, but to stop him from doing any criminal activity against State, Society or any individual.
→ Any child under the age of 14 cannot be made to work in a factory, mine, or any dangerous profession, garage, hotel or cannot be employed as a house-hold servant.
→ Any Citizen of India can follow any religion of choice, can promote and propogate the same is mentioned in the provision of the Constitution of India.
→ The State of India does not have any religion of its own or the Indian State is not run as per the principles of any religion or sect.
→ The people of India have a right to preserve their language, script, cultural identity and ethnicity.
→ Any of the State can frame a law and provide the right to its citizen to form and manage any of the educational institute based on cultural or lingustic minority.
→ Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has considered Right to Constitutional Remedies as ’Soul of the Constitution’ If the State Legislative Assembly frames any Law which violates the Fundamental Rights or not in Congruence of it then the Supreme Court can stop the State.
→ The Fundamental Duty aims to inculcate love for nation, national integrity, various high ideals and value awareness among its citizens.
→ 6th January is celebrated as ‘Fundamental Duties Day’ in India.
→ The objective of the Directive Principles of State Policy is to guide the present and future, Centre and State Governments in the Policy-making in various policy related field.
→ The primary aim of these principles is to establish a social, economic and political justice. These Directive
Principles are divided into various sections:
- Principles related to Economic Policy
- Principles related to Social policy
- Principles related to the International and Policies
- Principles related to Education and Cultural policies
- Principles related to Health Policies. Fundamental Rights limit the State leadership while Directive Principles extend state leadership. Fundamental rights make the existence of Democracy, while Directive Principles of society complete each other. | <urn:uuid:8d094347-329f-480e-99af-df02f5388cda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gsebsolutions.com/gseb-class-9-social-science-notes-chapter-9/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.904657 | 694 | 3.515625 | 4 |
1909 - THE LIFE OF THE BEE - MAURICE MAETERLINCK - Bees and Beekeeping
THE LIFE OF THE BEE — By Maurice Maeterlinck, Early Edition 1909
Publisher: Dodd, Mead and Company, New York (1909)
Early edition from 1909, in well preserved condition. The boards and binding are solid and tight save for light shelfwear. The pages are crisp and clean save for previous owner's signature on the first blank page. One of the first primary bee education books in the 19th/20th centuries. | <urn:uuid:c01c75ba-b342-4f56-883d-33971891d2e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blackcatcaboodle.com/products/1909-the-life-of-the-bee-maurice-maeterlinck-bees-and-beekeeping | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.860361 | 128 | 2.1875 | 2 |
From the Padlet.
The actual rich history of Netscape, and its browser, can be found in the Wikipedia article. There’s really no purpose for me to rehash the actual history of the browser here when something more formal exists. It does have an interesting history including its impact on the use of the web and related technologies.
Instead, I’d like to focus on the impact that Netscape had on me.
When the web was young, I poked around with some of the earliest browsers – Mosaic, Lynx, Internet Explorer, … under Windows. In our reality, there was no other operating system for computers. Even though my internet connection was statistically slow by today’s standards, it was fast and almost magical to me. With a few keystrokes, you could be at any of the few internet websites and were immediately smarter with content. For the most part, everything was text based and advertisement free. It was all about the reading; interactivity was just a dream. It was very different than what we experience today. My go-to browser was Lynx.
If you really wanted photographs, you had to download them and view them offline in a different program. The very best of content creators used ASCII art – enjoyable from this collection site. It’s worth a visit and poke around for a couple of reasons – first, it confirms how far we’ve come and, secondly, if there is any doubt that there are creative people, it comes through with what’s possible given the restriction of ASCII characters.
I was drawn to Netscape for a couple of reasons. After the amalgamation of school boards, I had to get serious about also using a Macintosh computer which meant finding software for both platforms. It was a real bonus when you’d find something that was cross-platform and Netscape fit the bill. The other driving force was a desire from our Director of Education to have a website for the board. Well, there was a whole new skill set that I had to learn. Netscape was perfect since it wasn’t just a browser; it was also a web editing program. Not only that, you could do your email right in the browser rather than a separate program. What a wonderful experience!
The web was young and developing. From my perspective, this new web that included images had two players – Netscape and Internet Explorer – the first Browser war. The odd part was that they had differing standards. It became very common to see pages labelled with “Best Viewed by XXX” where XXX was a browser. It actually became necessary to have more than one browser on hand to get the complete browsing experience! For nostalgia purposes, this Google search gives a nice collection.
Once the board had a website, schools and individual teachers wanted to have their own online identify and, as the prod above says, many of us went about the work of teaching folks how to develop a webpage and then how to upload it to the server. This was well before the Ministry of Education licensing of Dreamweaver and easy to use systems like FirstClass or WordPress for an identity.
We also ran an interesting project for schools that was labelled “Women in Technology”. It was the genius of a group of women working at IBM where they would visit a school and work with middle school girls and develop a website. We weren’t near a city with a big IBM presence so we invited women from the community to work with the girls. The takeaways were many – just talking to mentors about what they did for a living, developing a website without the boys there trying to take over, and then doing a presentation to the group afterwards to show off their learning. I would be there to help with the setup but when the event happened, the boys were off to do other things without their female classmates. I still remember a comment from one young man “This is racist“. It was a teachable moment to explain what it was and what it wasn’t.
For the purposes of the day, the web tool in Netscape was excellent. It had a low learning threshold and the results were pretty impressive. In some cases, the groups went on to develop their own class website and helped out with the school website. The real message was to not close any doors to the future and consider everything.
If you read the Wikipedia article, you can see that there were a number of takeovers of Netscape and it did become just a fond memory for some users while other browsers rose in popularity. Today, the Netscape brand is an information portal available here. A download link will let you have your own copy but it’s not wise. The web has developed so many standards and, quite frankly, requires a modern browser with all kinds of security built in to it to make sure that you’re safe when online.
These days, we reap the benefits of the early browser wars while the new wars rage on. Today, I use Opera, Firefox, Chrome, and Edge depending upon the mood and what computer is at hand. As with Netcape’s beginnings, today’s browser is more than just a browser. They can do so much more and, with the power of extensions, even more. We all benefit from innovation. Could you imagine working with just a text browser now?
So, it’s over to you this Sunday morning.
- Did you ever use Netscape for browsing or as a web editor?
- What is your choice of browser today?
- Do you have a web presence? Do you start from scratch, program your own, or use some form of a content management system?
Please share your thoughts via comment below.
Do you have an idea or thought that would be appropriate for my “Whatever happened to … ” series of blog posts. They can all, by the way, be revisited here.
Please visit this Padlet and add your ideas. I’d love for it to be an inspiration for a post! | <urn:uuid:434e3ed6-c437-4bab-8f4d-0c81f396f89c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dougpete.wordpress.com/2017/01/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.977702 | 1,251 | 2.453125 | 2 |
A photographer has sparked a controversial debate in India by snapping women wearing latex cow heads.
Sujatro Ghosh wants people to consider whether the cow – sacred to Hindus, who make up 80 percent of India’s population – has more rights than women.
It has been prompted by the emergence of vigilante cow-protection mobs, who have been murdering Muslims over suspicions they have been eating beef.
Human Rights Watch says vigilantes are linked to extremist groups affiliated with the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party.
It comes at a time when sexual violence in India is under scrutiny following the gang rape and murder of a student on a Delhi bus in 2012.
Attacks continue to be reported: earlier in June it was alleged a 16-year-old was gang-raped and thrown from a train in the northern state of Bihar.
“My series uses a simple latex cow to unpick the debate raging across India about how to protect the sacred animals, while women’s safety is neglected and sexual violence rises,” wrote Ghosh, 24, originally from Calcutta. “I started the photo series to highlight the need for making the streets a safe space for women, not just the cow.”
Ghosh is now looking for funding to take the campaign across India. You can contribute to his campaign here. | <urn:uuid:1536c153-8cea-46d6-aa09-6c1d16e2e3e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.euronews.com/2017/07/03/cows-or-women-who-are-more-important | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973502 | 274 | 2 | 2 |
The occurrence of primacy versus recency effects in free recall is suggested to reflect either two distinct memory systems, or the operation of a single system that is modulated by allocation of attention and less vulnerable to interference. Behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERPs) measures were used to investigate the encoding substrates of the serial position curve and subsequent recall in young adults. Participants were instructed to remember lists of words consisting of 12 common nouns each presented once every 1.5 sec, with a recall signal following the last word to indicate that all remembered items should be written on paper. This procedure was repeated for 20 different word lists. Both performance and late ERP amplitudes reflected classic recall serial position effects. Greater recall and larger late positive component amplitudes were obtained for the primacy and recency items, with less recall and smaller amplitudes for the middle words. The late positive component was larger for recalled compared to unrecalled primacy items, but it did not differ between memory performance outcomes for the recency items. The close relationship between the enhanced amplitude and primacy retrieval supports the view that this positive component reflects one of a process series related to attentional gradient and encoding of events for storage in memory. Recency effects appear to index operations determined by the anticipation of the last stimulus presentation, which occurred for both recalled and unrecalled memory items. Theoretical implications are discussed. | <urn:uuid:81b64993-c43b-4d46-bd97-d63ca06e4106> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://direct.mit.edu/jocn/article-abstract/19/12/2071/4393/Evidence-for-Attentional-Gradient-in-the-Serial?redirectedFrom=PDF | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.952744 | 281 | 2.09375 | 2 |
The number of people in Teesside visiting accident and emergency departments in May was the highest since before the covid-19 pandemic began, new figures reveal.
NHS England figures show 14,327 turned up to A&E at South Tees NHS Trust's James Cook University Hospital in May.
That was a rise of 10% on the 12,939 visits recorded during April, and 38% more than the 8,850 patients seen in February 2021 when England was in its third lockdown.
Figures also saw 14,144 visits to A&E at North Tees and Hartlepool Trust in May, a rise of 10% on the 12,736 patients seen during April and 38% more than the 8,688 visits recorded in February 2021.
The figures show attendances were also above the levels seen before the pandemic – in May 2019, there were 13,615 visits to A&E at the South Tees NHS Trust and 14,614 A&E visits at North Tees and Hartlepool Trust.
North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust had more A&E admissions than usual on Sunday night during the Euros final between England and Italy.
Samantha Derbyshire, a nursing sister in emergency care at the University Hospital of North Tees said: "We had quite a busy evening on Sunday night – including a number of injuries people sustained while watching the match.
“Waiting times for treatment in our urgent and emergency care departments remained long on Monday. We want to again urge people to only come to our service for treatment if it is an emergency.
“We are asking people to think twice before coming to the department – many minor injuries and issues can be treated by self-medicating or visiting your local pharmacy or your GP.
“The NHS 111 service is also here for you if you need advice and support about a health issue and to direct you when appropriate.
“By taking this course of action you are helping reduce pressure on the service, meaning we can treat people who urgently need our help.”
In May 86.8% of patients were seen and admitted, transferred or discharged at South Tees NHS Trust within four hours, below the NHS England target of 95%.
Figures also show that 1,899 patients spent more than four hours waiting to be seen at an A&E department.
One in five patients with major emergencies waited more than four hours.
Across England, 2.1 million people visits A&E departments last month, an increase of 11% compared to April, and 65% more than the 1.3 million visiting during May 2020 in the early stages of the pandemic.
Mike Stewart, chief medical officer at South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, said: “We are continuing to urge the public to think pharmacy, GP and 111 first and only attend A&E or call 999 if you have serious or life-threatening emergencies.
“Those that do turn up to our A&E department will of course be assessed clinically by a member of our team but will be re-directed to a more appropriate service for their needs if they don’t need emergency care.
“By thinking of alternative services people will be doing their bit to help keep A&E free for those who really need it.
“Please remember that NHS 111 online or telephone can make direct appointments at surgeries, pharmacies and urgent treatment centres. They can also send an ambulance for serious or life-threatening issues.”
To sign up for Teesside Live news updates, go here | <urn:uuid:94018b1c-62b0-407b-8151-6f977c386ea1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/visits-teesside-ae-hit-highest-21038556 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.968041 | 740 | 1.65625 | 2 |
STEM Learning at PES
PES STEM Vision
Providence Elementary will pervasively use Project and Problem Based Learningto drive the curriculum and instruction.
PES STEM Mission
Students at Providence Elementary collaborate to solve authentic problems, propose solutions and contribute to the community.
The students at Providence Elementary benefit from the generous support of our community members.
Many have asked how they can help meet our ongoing needs. Please find out below.
How you can help:
- Send in individual items
- Donate money to specific needs
- Donate to our general fund that can be used for any need based on priority
To see a list of items needed, just click here. | <urn:uuid:b4b75e34-bc27-495e-ad98-0f71db2b19f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pes.carrollcountyschools.com/stem | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.892373 | 146 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The University of Warwick Library - WebBridge
Basin-scale distribution patterns of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes along an Atlantic Meridional Transect
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The Prosecutor v. Vicent Rutaganira, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda [ICTR], March 14, 2005 [ruling sentencing Vincent Rutaganira, a former local leader, to six years in prison after he pleaded guilty to a charge of extermination by omission]. Excerpt:
The Accused knew that during the disturbances that occurred earlier in Kibuye préfecture, Tutsi civilians used to seek refuge in churches, and especially that between 8 and 15 April 1994, thousands of Tutsi civilians took refuge in the Mubuga church. Moreover, he admitted that betwee n 14 April and about 17 April 1994, the Tutsi that congregated in the said church were attacked and that the attacks resulted in thousands of deaths and numerous injuries to the men, women and children within the church. Before the attacks, the Accused saw the attackers assembling; the said attackers included armed Hutu civilians, members of the communal police and national gendarmerie. In spite of his position and knowledge of the above-mentioned facts, the Accused took no measures to protect the Tutsi.
Read the full text of the opinion here [PDF]. Reported in JURIST's Paper Chase here. | <urn:uuid:4aa4d27d-d89e-4e36-b542-b0814599c200> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jurist.org/news/2005/03/rwanda-genocide-ruling-ictr/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.967534 | 248 | 1.671875 | 2 |
As I have described gastritis and stomach ulcers in THe Key to Health and Rejuvenation, it is not really the stomach that is causing this problem, but what moves into it from below. Destructive bacteria colonize the stomach only when there is something for them to do. Intestinal congestion leads to backflushing of waste, toxins, bacteria, etc. from the colon all the way up the stomach and further. This may also lead to regurgition of bile -- one of the most common cause for indigestion, heart burn and other forms of stomach upset. To help this problem, the liver bile ducts need to be thoroughly cleansed, and the colon must be kept clean as well (see THe Amazing Liver Cleanse for details). A balanced diet and lifestyle, of course, plays a major role in this, as you have noticed yourself. In acute gastritis, there are no real magic bullets, although, drinking extra amounts of water, some mint tea, and cayenne pepper can bring relief. | <urn:uuid:b6e3eb13-fc63-487f-b456-184e3e84a65f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://curezone.com/forums/fm.asp?i=490497 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944737 | 214 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Relations and Functions
Asked by | 19th Jun, 2009, 11:47: AM
domain is the set of all values that an element of the set can take.
In this case,
it is an integer.So, the domain is the set of all integers.
the range is the set of all values that a-b can take. When you subtract two integers, you will get an integer.So the range also is the set of integers.
Answered by | 20th Jun, 2009, 07:06: PM
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Project Name: Evangelical Deaconess Hospital
Project location (City, State): Detroit, MI
When were the earliest Elastizell low density insulating concrete roof decks installed? Recently, we discovered these pictures in our archives – a roof deck project installed by Elastizell when the company was located in Alpena, MI. Unfortunately, we have very few details on this project, but we know this was a portion of the addition to the Evangelical Deaconess Hospital in Detroit, MI. The addition to the hospital was dedicated in December of 1957. As best we can tell, the roof deck was cast in spring/summer of 1957. It’s assumed that a built up roof membrane system was installed over the Elastizell deck. | <urn:uuid:c6149820-34bd-4ca1-882f-7c158a8b3d3a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elastizell.com/portfolio/evangelical-deaconess-hospital/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.973602 | 157 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Table of Contents
The high demand for food has made the online food industry grow in recent years especially during the COVID-19 crisis and this has created opportunities for people with and starting up a food delivery business. It has also improved the customers’ level of convenience and ease stress. You can visit Collected.Reviews to read peoples’ opinion on what they think about food delivery.
Setting up a website isn’t an easy task especially a food delivery one, you need to get everything correctly for people to patronize you. To make yours special, you can go ahead and check reviews on food delivery, mode of delivery, and courier-customer relationships. Here are 6 tips to help you design an effective food delivery website that would aid your business:
1. Create a Simple User Interface:
Customers would want a simple registration process that does not include unnecessary information. Also, social media such as Twitter, Facebook should be integrated into the app as this would also drive traffic to your website. Also, ensure to add up features that would display analysis of users’ favorite food, number of orders, and others.
The data of customers and the company should be kept safe and secured. A strong database that would accommodate and maintain a lot of users’ details. This would ensure data integrity, security, and accuracy which make research and surveys possible.
3. Group Web Users:
It is important that you segregate your customers based on some parameters such as age, gender, region, etc. By doing this, you would be able to define your audience and focus on certain groups and products which would help your project’s expansion in the future.
4. Implement Integrated Systems of Payment:
There are a lot of payment methods nowadays compared to ages when online payment was deemed unsafe. Your food delivery website must have at least an online payment system that is quick, safe, and secure. This would ensure seamless transactions for customers and also promote trust.
5. Set up Customer Review Section:
Reviews affect customer’s trust in your business. The majority of online buyers check reviews before attempting to make contact with the producer or the giver of goods or services. The reviews provided by customers depending on its positivity give the institution credibility and improve product awareness, thus, ensure to provide good services to get good reviews.
6. Work on Your Customers’ Reviews:
When customers make corrections or give advice and that advice and corrections are adhered to, it shows that they are being listened to, thus, strengthening the vendor-client relationship.
If you are creating a website without foreknowledge about web design, it is advisable to outsource the work to experienced freelancers and companies who would create the best. Even after setting up your website, without marketing, there wouldn’t be customers. It is thus advisable that after setting up your website, create a mobile app that is flexible and can be personalized. Create ads and adverts to market your service and ensure that you provide the very best service you can render. | <urn:uuid:ba7e8a1e-d7f3-4fb4-920b-b40b7883cfa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mreriksson.net/6-tips-on-making-an-effective-food-delivery-website.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.958257 | 625 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Organizing Your Finances, Part 2
Your bills have all arrived for the month and they are due. Now what? Simplify paying as much as possible.
Most banks give you the option to pay your bills online. It is more efficient to pay all of your bills from your bank then it is to log into each vendor’s website, plus you only have one ID and Password to remember.
Some banks will allow you to receive an e-bill and pay it the balance automatically; a huge time saver! While it is imperative that you have enough money in your account to cover the payments it is a considerable time saver if you have an already very full schedule.
If auto e-bill paying isn’t for you, then you can still save time by negotiating a fixed payment where possible. For instance, most utilities offer a budget payment whereby they average your account over the past 12 months and create a fixed payment. It is usually re-evaluated every year, but for 12 months you save time by setting up an automatic payment.
In these economic times there may be a time when you are unable to cover all of your expenses in a month. What do you do then?
* Remember that your mortgage payments should be a top priority. Late fees and marks show quickly on your credit report.
* Bankcards should also be a high priority because they also report missed or late payments immediately.
* Insurance payments for cars and houses are usually paid in advance, so they usual permit a grace period. Although, health insurance must be kept current or you may risk losing your coverage.
* Car payments may allow you to pay late or a partial payment if your payment history is good.
* Utilities are usually more lenient, allowing you to occasionally be late or even skip payments.
* Always communicate with your creditors and explain your situation. Making a payment of a little is better than making no payment at all. Finally, seek professional advice. Local debt consolidation services usually offer free advice on contacting creditors and structuring payment plans.
Money, bills, finances can take up time and energy if you let them. Control them instead of them controlling you! To get you started here is a worksheet to start tracking your income and expenses. Now go and get your finances organized. | <urn:uuid:069532f9-aa97-4254-b91c-669766f9f525> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cometoorderva.com/manage-finances-part-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.956955 | 470 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Miranda’s Child, by Louise Wilford
“O, I have suffered With those that I saw suffer! A brave vessel, Who had, no doubt, some noble creatures in her, Dash'd all to pieces! O, the cry did knock Against my very heart!”
[Miranda, The Tempest: Act 1, Scene 1]
The old glass twists the clouds out of shape. I look away, back at what I’ve written. My father always told me words have power. The scratch of the quill sounds like distant laughter.
I can count the hours left on one hand.
Footsteps beyond the door, a metronome pacing out the dead minutes. Gallow-creak; ship’s timber groan; the flapping full-stop. Reminds me of those months aboard the King of Naples’ ship.
What do the hangmen think of their victims? Perhaps they don’t see us as people, just jobs with canvas faces. Oil the trapdoor, test the hemp. A soldier does much worse. Lawyers plait the rope.
No one here wants me to live. They say I murdered my child.
Tipping my thoughts onto this parchment helps pass the final hours. My father wept, when he left Ariel behind on the island. Half-blind with grief, he stood in the stern of Alonso’s ship, watching the isle dissolve. Ariel’s farewell breath filled the sails, flickered in cold flames along the spars and rigging, danced atop the crow’s nest. But all my father did was weep and stare.
It’s there I see him now, hands gripping a salt-roughened rope. In my memory, he seems to age before my eyes: spine bends, nose hooks, cheeks shrink. No more the mage who raised the dead, controlled the stir and sweep of the wind, brought goddesses to earth. Yes, he knew the power of words—and of silence.
But then, it always was a show—always the clifftop pose, cloak billowing behind, staff raised. The ducal voice. I am Milan. My bully father. It was Ariel who could change for the occasion, slip into a mermaid’s skin, vanish on a drift of pipe and tabor. My father thought I didn’t know the mighty Prospero relied on such a demon, mastering him with a promise.
He never promised me.
He turned me off and on. Fed me to Ferdinand, the sap, to stitch together Naples and Milan.
I was a child. How could I know the world had such men in it? No, it was his Ariel for whom he wept. I was just his blood. I watched him, clinging to his words as if they’d raft me home.
I recall that wild day when the ships first arrived in Naples, having netted the old Duke and his staring daughter. It was obvious what the young prince sought in me. But others saw, even then, I was a keg waiting for the flame.
It arrived eight months later, a premature scream on the bluebottle air.
My father died the night my son was born. Just as well, all things considered.
After the birth, Ferdinand’s disappointment coloured the air we breathed, but he didn’t shirk his duty. He ensured the child was cared for and busied himself with affairs of state—and with his mistress in Milan. I imagine that powdered bitch reminding him, with faux sympathy, where I’d grown up:
“What could you expect, my poppet? No wonder she’s run mad!”
Within a year of our triumphant homecoming, I was desperate to return to the island. It was my home, my child’s home. With father dead, there was nothing here for me. So, secretly, I made my plans.
My behaviour was, of course, considered unseemly. After the child was born, they watched me carefully. King’s wives should sit in gilded rooms making tapestries or painting screens, emerging only to wave and smile at the crowds. That’s what the people pay their taxes for. What use is a consort who roams the streets? Were the privy counsellors doing nothing?
Of course, people talked.
“Her mind’s cracked,” claimed my maid, shaking out my petticoat.
“Is it any wonder—father dead, husband neglecting her, and that poor infant…well, Ferdinand should stop her,” whispered the cook, rolling pasta dough with hefty arms.
“Her place is with her child,” concluded the wet nurse, repulsed by his dribbling mouth.
I ignored the gossip, spent my days with charts, or staring out of windows. I talked with learned men, adventurers who weren’t quite the thing. It was rumoured Gonzalo, my father’s friend, encouraged my folly.
“Home looks different to each of us,” he once told me, squeezing my hand in his old man’s red-knuckled paw, while gazing at my monstrous child in his wooden cradle inlaid with garnet and pearl. Oh, sweet Gonzalo!
For months, the weather was against me. The sea bled into the air, painting the city grey. Ships cowered in the harbour, sails lowered, pennants flapping like rags. Sometimes I watched from the palazzo, counting the washed-out hours as the city’s edges deliquesced. At others, I pulled my cloak around my shoulders, scurried down puddled streets, two hated bodyguards to elbow aside the churls. The markets were abandoned. Filth ran in streams down slanting cobbles, staining my fine silk shoes. I refused the carriage. Quicker to go by foot, such a short step to the harbour master who’d say again they couldn’t sail. The storm must pass.
I recalled that other storm my father and his tricksy marionette conjured up. Everything begins with violence and chaos.
And then, at last, we sailed. The voyage was vomit and anxiety, etched with the screams of an inconsolable child, ending in another wreck. Ariel’s a master at storms, stirring the oceans like a witch’s gumbo, but he lacks control. His passions sometimes distract him. He probably meant to keep my ship intact, to waft us away like a leaf boat on a pond, but he miscalculated, panicking perhaps when he realised what I’d brought with me.
I heard from Gonzalo, who visits me in the tower, that after I left, Ferdinand wept—in rooms just private enough to be witnessed by the odd servant. There were rumours I’d fled to some old lover—but we’d been married only days after stepping ashore. With unfitting haste, in fact, everyone now thought—though at the time it had seemed like joyful eagerness, wrongs put right, a union of great city-states. They’d thrown flowers in the streets.
Of course, Gonzalo was arrested, questioned, but at last released. Enquiries were made, with a sword’s edge. The ship was foreign; some hinted that Ferdinand’s sister had a hand in the deed. And when news came that we were wrecked, in distant waters, it was—for Ferdinand, at least, I’m sure—a relief. A problem solved.
He’d thought me a maid, you see, my father’s strictness proof of my innocence. He’d kept his hands off till our wedding night, but all the while he’d cast smiles at me like maggots on a hook. If you couldn’t find a virgin on a deserted island, then where? And later, in the marriage bed, though there was little blood, I’d been so modest, almost frozen in my girlish shyness—remembering that other time.
But he knew the child could not be his—not that bulging head, that low hairy brow, lopsided mouth, that bent-spined dribbling monstrosity. His family were famous for their looks.
My memory falters. All that’s left are fragments floating on the shifting silt of my thoughts. Orange crabs with knitting-needle legs. Gulls darning the fish-scale sea. Too much sky. The clouds never used to be that still, cadaver white. I wished I could hide. Heat pulsed through my skin. Wet sand stuck to my arms and in my hair.
My mind sticks.
It’s that damned spirit-magic that swaddles the island, messing with your senses so you don’t know up from down. My shoes were lost. But my child was safe in my arms.
I used to think that I would fly one day, like Ariel, slitting the air like a paring knife, giddy with sunlight. Where was he now? Pulling the wings off hummingbirds? Stealing gull’s eggs to smash against the rocks? I could always see him in the twilight. At noon he was bleached out, at night just a voice. He hides behind the sky.
We found Caliban on the mountainside. I lurked behind a tree, holding my malformed son to my breast, whispering to him.
“There he is, my sweet! Look, that’s wolf-skin round his neck.”
He was sitting on a throne of rock, listening to the honeyed voices sweetening the breeze. Ca- Ca- Caliban. His life was piled high against the hillside: spears, spades, knives, some left by father, some newly made.
He howled! No words. He’d forgotten—or rejected—what we taught him: the power of words—to create, to crush. His hair, smeared with coconut oil, gleamed in the white moonlight like a cat’s.
“There’s the man my husband calls your father, my son.”
Hog bristle skin and black-hole eyes, a fish-bone crown twisted in his shining hair, a smell that met you at the cave-mouth. The witch’s seed, though magic never stuck to him.
Ferdinand thinks the boy got his face from Cal. He sees what he wants to see; he never could see what was really there. It’s Ariel I see, not Cal, staring out from my child’s eyes. When he came to me that night, dressed in Ferdinand’s skin, I dreamt of the child we might make, the clean-limbed godlet with his nose, my hair. All women fantasise. I should have known my father would never let the real prince get that close. While I groaned beneath his slippery thighs, poor Ferdy was still groaning as he chopped firewood under my father’s spell.
I was tricked. That black-hearted incubus made me think it was my prince stroking my breasts, taking his measure of what would soon be rightfully his. When he was done, he let himself drift back into his true shape—air and shadow, pink-faced ancient boy laughing on the wild wind. I remember screaming, but my voice was lost in the jangling music those damned spirits spin round everything they do. Ariel protected himself. Each time I tried to tell, my tongue twisted, vocal cords fell mute. My father never knew what his precious fiend had done.
Cal seemed content enough, spitting into the fire, ripping the flesh from a boar’s bone. His black eyes roamed the shadows, and I slipped behind the trees.
I had to think how it could be done. It wasn’t as simple here, in this old homesick land, as it had seemed in Naples. The place had run to seed again, since father released his grip. The spirits had run wild. And the boy’s father was there, somewhere, idling in the clouds.
He was always father’s favourite. Prospero chastised Cal and me while he dandled his puppet-pixie on his knee. Ariel could look like anything—visible, unseen, a breath of air, a scent on the breeze, a harpy, a monster.
Poor Caliban and I were always merely ourselves.
Who knows what tricks that sprite got up to, alone in the cave with my father, while I ploughed through my Pythagoras, my Cicero, my Ptolemy, and Cal caught rabbits and collected roots to keep us whole? How did they lure those ships? How did they conjure up the spell to blind me with a veil of love?
I didn’t know whether Cal—my close-as-brother, confidant, best friend—would still remember me, or whether he’d agree to protect my mangled son. All I knew was that my child needed to be here. The island was his home.
Ferdy sent a ship after me. It found the wreckage, reported back. But my husband wasn’t easily fooled. Hadn’t he been cast upon that shore, believing all his shipmates dead, only for misery and despair to be magicked into joy and harmony? No, he couldn’t leave me there, reunited with my savage lover, as he thought. His people goaded him into outrage on their behalf. Kings survive on the shoulders of their subjects and Ferdy likes being king.
We’d been on the island three months before The Golden Prince was sighted.
I left my son with Caliban and ran down the hillside to the shore like a madwoman.
Ariel whipped up the sea like meringue, sent it frothing round the ships. He took the wind’s voice, screeched around the masts like a huge white albatross, spat salty foam and sent his breath hissing round the shattered sails, just like he had when my ship arrived. My pursuers thought they were lost but in fact he held them balanced in the palm of his hand, and washed me out to them, childless.
I told them I’d seen the child dashed against the rocks. It was the only way to leave him under Cal’s protection in the place he belonged.
The captain was a harsh man, fed with the city’s prejudice—it was soon announced that I’d killed my son, smashed in his head, drowned him to make sure. Where do these tales come from?
As we pulled away, I saw a silhouette on the cliff top. I imagined Cal’s voice screaming his anguish into the empty skies. But my child was safe. Cal would see to that.
I flex my fingers, watch the knuckles crease and redden, twist the stiffness from my neck. Rise to pace the tiny room—and I wish, I wish for...
Purpling clouds rest on layers of grey, livid with the dawn, the sky fractured by old glass.
Louise Wilford lives in Yorkshire, UK. Her work has been widely published, most recently in Bandit, English Review, Goats’ Milk, Jaden, Makarelle, New Verse News, POTB, The Fieldstone Review, River and South and Parakeet. In 2020, she won the Arts Quarterly Short Story Prize, the Merefest Poetry Prize, and was awarded a Masters in Creative Writing (Distinction). She is working on a children’s fantasy novel. Read here blog here.
A. Martine is a trilingual/multicultural writer, musician, and artist, and might have been a kraken in a past life. She's an editor at Reckoning Press, co-EIC/Producer/Creative Director of The Nasiona, and has been nominated for Best of the Net, the Best Small Fictions, and the Pushcart Prize. She’s the author of AT SEA (CLASH BOOKS), which was shortlisted for the 2019 Kingdoms in the Wild Poetry Prize, and BURN THE WITCH (forthcoming with Finishing Line Press). Follow her work at www.amartine.com. | <urn:uuid:fafa4893-22b1-4572-8e46-5bcd4d54400c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.805lit.org/post/mirandas-child | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.972263 | 3,493 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The Scarlet Pimpernel is a classic historical fiction novel about a mysterious figure, after whom the title is named, who rescues French nobility from the guillotine. He is famous both in France and England for his cunning disguises and daring rescues of the aristocrats from under the very noses of the people who want them dead. His identity is a secret which both his archnemesis, Chauvelin, and his great admirer, Marguerite Blakeney, desire to know. Marguerite, who is unsatisfied in her marriage to the foppish Percy Blakeney, becomes entangled in the fate of the elusive Scarlet Pimpernel by Chauvelin. She makes a grave mistake, which, upon realizing, seeks to undo, traveling as far as France in her desperation. When the identity of the hidden hero becomes known to Chauvelin, he, too, travels to France, attempting to capture his enemy. He appears to succeed, but, once again, the Scarlet Pimpernel pulls off a great escapade, saving not only his loyal followers, but also the beautiful Marguerite.
I loved the swashbuckling action in this book. I found it especially interesting because I enjoy learning about the French Revolution, at which time this book is set. Marguerite and the Scarlet Pimpernel are alluring characters, especially the latter, who draws you in with his mystery and bravery. However, the former character is relatable, and the way her emotions are described make you sympathize with her. I enjoyed seeing her character growth throughout the story, and the way she gallantly admitted to and tried to amend for her mistakes was impressive and intriguing. Both her and the title character are excellent role models: exemplifying courage, kindness, and selflessness. Overall, I would give this book five stars, and would recommend it to anyone who loves historical fiction, romance, or the classics. | <urn:uuid:107765fd-a7d6-490f-891b-bdd115cc0eb1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jocolibrary.org/teens/reviews/scarlet-pimpernel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.977213 | 398 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Forecasting Backward and Forward: Modern Techniques for Timing and Rectification by Bruce F Hammerslough
Astrology really comes alive when you can see how your chart’s potentials unfold in time. This book will instruct you in how to forecast the upcoming trends in your life. Explains classical methods of forecasting and introduces powerful new techniques such as Cosmobiology and Astro*Carto*Graphy. Also provides a detailed examination of the craft of chart rectification.
Price INR 110 | <urn:uuid:3abff0dd-f07e-48e4-b437-f69469548a09> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jyotishbooks.wordpress.com/2021/07/07/forecasting-backward-and-forward-modern-techniques-for-timing-and-rectification-by-bruce-f-hammerslough/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.871905 | 103 | 1.726563 | 2 |
« EelmineJätka »
and the defendant had pleaded that the supposed libel contained a true account of the proceedings in the court of law; it was holden (after verdict for the defendant) that the plea was bad, inasmuch as the words “shameful conduct of an attorney” formed no part of the proceedings in the court of law, and that the plain
tiff was therefore entitled to judgment. (b) Publication of It should be observed also, that the publication of preliminary minations be- examinations before a magistrate, taken ex parte, will not come fore a magis- within the principle by which the fair reports of proceedings in trate may be courts of justice have been held to be privileged. Such publicalibellous.
tions have a tendency to cause great mischief by perverting the public mind, and disturbing the course of justice; and, if they contain libellous matter, will be considered as highly criminal. (c) And the Court of King's Bench has gone to the extent of granting a criminal information for publishing in a newspaper a statement of the evidence given before a coroner's jury, accompanied with comments; although the statement was correct, and the party
had no malicious motive in the publication. (11) How far the Though the publication of a proceeding in parliament will, in publication of general, be considered as privileged and protected from being parliament is" deemed libellous ; (e) and the printing and delivering a petition to allowable. members of a committee of the House of Commons, being accord
ing to the order of proceedings of parliament and their committees, has been held to be justifiable : (/) yet it may be doubted how far the circulation of a copy of a writing containing matter of an injurious tendency to the character of an individual, though published for the use of the members, is legitimate and exempted from prosecution. (g) And it is clear that the publication of the speech of a member of parliament, if it contain matter of libel, is not protected, even though such publication be made by the member himself. In a case upon this subject, Lord Kenyon, C.J. observed that if the words in question had been spoken in the House of Lords, and confined to its walls, the Court of King's Bench would have had no jurisdiction to call a member of that house before them, to answer for such words as an offence; but that the offence was the publication of them in the public papers, under the authority of the member, with his sanction, and at his expense: that a member of parliament had certainly a right to publish his speech, but that his speech should not be made the vehicle of slander against any individual; if it were, it would be a libel.(1) And in a more recent case it was held by the Court
(b) Lewis v. Clement, 3 B. & A, 702. ter, or in the regular discharge of his In this case the question was raised magisterial functions. M'Gregor v. whether it be lawful to publish pro- Thwaites and another, 3 B. & C. 24. ceedings of a court of law containing (d) Rex v. Fleet, 1 Baro. & Ald. 379. matter defamatory of a person neither (e) Rex v. Wright, 8 T. R. 293. In a party to the suit nor present at the this case a former case of Rex v. Wiltine of the enquiry ; but it became liams, 2 Show. 471. Comb. 18., was unnecessary to decide this point. animadverted upon by Lord Kenyon,
(c) Rex v. Lee and another, 5 Esp. C. J. and Grose, J. as having happened 123. Rex v. Fisher and others, 2 Campb. in the worst of times.
Duncan v. Thwaites and others, (f) Lake v. King, 1 Saund. 131. 3 B. & C. 536. And still less can the (8) See the judgment of Lord Ellendefendant justify the publication of a borough, c. J., in Rex v. Creevey, 1 matter which was not brought before M. & S. 278. the magistrate in his judicial charac- (k) Rex v. Ld. Abingdon, 1 Esp. 226.
of King's Bench that a member of the House of Commons may be convicted upon an indictment for a libel, in publishing in a newspaper the report of a speech delivered by him in that house, if it contain libellous matter, although the publication be a correct report of such speech, and be made in consequence of an incorrect publication having appeared in that and other newspapers. (i)
Having treated generally of the publications which may be considered as libellous, it may be useful to refer to some of the particular points which have been holden, respecting publications :I. Against the Christian religion. 11. Against morality. III. Against the constitution. IV. Against the King. V. Against the two Houses of Pariiament. VI. Against the Government. VII. Against the magistrates and the administration of justice. VIII. Against private individuals. And, IX. Against foreigners of distinction.
1. It has been before observed, (k) that blaspheming God, or of publicaturning the doctrines of the Christian religion to contempt and tions against ridicule, is an indictable offence. At common law, all blasphemies the Christian against God, as denying His being or providence; and all contumelious reproaches of Jesus Christ; all profane scoffing at the Holy Scripture, or exposing any part thereof to contempt or ridicule; and also seditious words in derogation of the established religion; are considered as offences tending to subvert all religion and morality, and punishable by the temporal courts with fine and imprisonment, and also infamous corporal punishment in the discretion of the court. (1)
Some provisions have also been made upon this subject by Statutes upon statutes. The 1 Ed. 6. c. 1. (m) enacts that persons revising the this subjeot. sacrament of the Lord's Supper, by contemptuous words or otherwise, shall suffer imprisonment. The statute 1 Eliz. c. 2. enacts that if any minister shall speak any thing in derogation of the book of common prayer, he shall, if not beneficed, be imprisoned one year for the first offence, and for life, the second ; and if he be beneficed, shall for the first offence be imprisoned six months and forfeit a year's value of his benefice; for the second, shall be deprived and suffer one year's imprisonment; and for the third shall in like manner be deprived and suffer imprisonment for life. And that if any person whatsoever shall in plays, songs, or other open words, speak any thing in derogation, depraving, or despising of the said book, or shall forcibly prevent the reading of it, or cause any other service to be read in its stead, he shall forfeit for the first offence 100 marks; for the second 400; and for the third, shall forfeit all his goods and chattels, and suffer imprisonment for life. By the 3 Jac. 1. c. 21. a person using the name of the Holy Trinity profanely, or jestingly, in any stage-play, interlude, or show, shall be liable to a qui tam penalty of ten pounds. The 1 W.3. c. 18. s. 17. enacted that whoever should deny in his preaching or writing the doctrine of the blessed Trinity, should lose all benefit of the act for granting toleration. This section is
(0) Rex v. Creevey, 1 M. & S. 273. P. C c. 5. (k) Ante, p. 209.
(m) Repealed by 1 Mary, c. 2., and (1) See the cases collected in 1 Hawk. revived by i Eliz. c. 1.
now repealed by 53 Geo. 3. c. 160.: but while it was in existence it was considered as operating to deprive the offender of the benefit therein mentioned, leaving the punishment of the offence as for a misdemeanor at common law.(n) The 9 & 10 W.3. c. 32. enacted that if any person, educated in or having made profession of the Christian religion, should, by writing, printing, teaching, or advised speaking, deny the Christian religion to be true, or the Holy Scriptures to be of Divine authority, he should upon the first offence be rendered incapable to hold any office or place of trust; and for the second be rendered incapable of bringing any action, being guardian, executor, legatee, or purchaser of lands, and should suffer three years' imprisonment without bail. (0) A person offending under this statute was held to be also indictable at common law. (p) This doctrine was considered in a recent case where a motion was made in arrest of judgment, after conviction on an information for a blasphemous libel, on the ground that this statute had put an end to the common law offence : and the Court were clear that it had not, considering that the provi
sions of the statute were cumulative. (9) To reproach Upon the trial of an information against the defendant for utterthe Christian ing expressions grossly blasphemous, Hale, C. J., observed, that speak in sub- such kind of wicked blasphemous words were not only an offence version of the to God and religion, but a crime against the laws, state, and
government, and therefore punishable in the Court of King's Bench. That to say religion is a cheat is to dissolve all those obligations whereby civil society is preserved; that Christianity is part of the laws of England, and therefore to reproach the Christian religion is to speak in subversion of the law. (r) In a late case where a libel stated that Jesus Christ was an impostor, a murderer in principle, and a fanatic, a juryman asked whether a work denying the divinity of our Saviour was a libel ; and Abbott, C.J., answered, that a work speaking of Jesus Christ in the language here used was a libel ; and the defendant was found guilty. Upon a motion for a new trial, on the ground that this was a wrong answer, the Court without difficulty held that the answer was
right, and refused the rule.(a) The Christian
In a case where the defendant had been convicted for publishing religion is part several blasphemous libels, in which the miracles of our Saviour of the law of were turned into ridicule and contempt, and His life and converthe land,
sation calumniated, it was moved in arrest of judgment that this was not an offence within the cognizance of the temporal courts at common law : but the Court would not suffer the point to be argued, saying that the Christian religion, as established in this kingdom, is part of the law; and, therefore, that whatever derided Christianity derided the law, and consequently must be an offence
(n) By Lord Kenyon in Rex v. Wil- v. Caton, 1812. This statute also reliams, 1797. Holt on Libel, 66. lated to persons denying, as therein
(o) But the delinquent publicly re- mentioned, respecting the Holy Triuily; nouncing his error in open court, with but such provisions are repealed by 53 in four months after the first convic- Geo. 3. c. 160. tion, is to be discharged for that once (9) Rex v. Carlisle, 3 B. & A. 161. from all disabilities.
(r) Rex v. Taylor, Vent. 293. 3 Keb. (p) Barnard, 162. 2 Str. 831. Fitz. 607. gib. 64. Rex v. Williams, 1797. Rex (a) Rex o. Waddington, 1 B. & C. 26.
CHAP. XXIV.] the Christian Religion.
against the law.(r) It was also moved in arrest of judgment, that as the intent of the book was only to shew that the miracles of Jesus Christ were not to be taken in their literal sense, it could not be considered as attacking Christianity in general, but only as striking against one received proof of His being the Messiah; to which the Court said, that the attacking Christianity in the way in which it was attacked in this publication was destroying But though to the very foundation of it; and that, though there were professions write against in the book that its design was to establish Christianity upon a general is an true bottom by considering these narrations in Scripture as em- offence atcomblematical and prophetical, yet that such professions were not to mon law, the be credited, and that the rule is allegatio contra factum non est meddle with admittenda. But the Court also said, that though to write against differences of Christianity in general is clearly an offence at common law, they opinion upon
controverted laid a stress upon the word general, and did not intend to include
points. disputes between learned men upon particular controverted points ; and, in delivering the judgment of the Court, Raymond, Lord C. J., said, “I would have it taken notice of that we do not meddle “ with any differences of opinion, and that we interpose only “ where the very root of Christianity itself is struck at.” (s)
The doctrine of the Christian religion constituting part of the The dread of law of the land was recognised in a later case, where the future punishjudgment of the Court of King's Bench was pronounced upon the principal a person convicted of having published a very impious and blas- sanctions of phemous libel called Paine's Age of Reason. (1) Ashhurst, J.,
the law. said, that although the Almighty did not require the aid of human tribunals to vindicate His precepts, it was nevertheless fit to shew our abhorrence of such wicked doctrines as were not only an offence against God, but against all law and government, from their direct tendency to dissolve all the bonds and obligations of civil society; and that it was upon this ground that the Christian religion constituted part of the law of the land. That if the name of our Redeemer was suffered to be traduced, and His holy religion treated with contempt, the solemnity of an oath, on which the due administration of justice depended, would be destroyed, and the law be stripped of one of its principal sanctions, the dread of future punishments. (u)
Contumely and contempt are what no establishment can tolerate: Rational and but, on the other hand, it would not be proper to lay any restraint dispassionate upon rational and dispassionate discussions of the rectitude and discussions are
allowable, propriety of the established mode of worship. (w) A sensible writer upon the subject of libel says, as to this point,-—“that it “ may not be going too far to infer, from the principles and deci“sions, that no author or preacher who fairly and conscientiously
promulgates the opinions with whose truth he is impressed, for
(r) Rex v. Woolston, Barnard. 162. obligations on the conduct of man2 Sir. 834. Fitzgib. 64.
kind. In other respects also it ridi(8) Rex v. Woolston, Fitzgib. 66. culed and vilified the prophets, our
(1) This libel was of the worst kind, Saviour, His disciples, aud the Sacred attacking the truth of the Old and New Scriptures. Testaments; arguing that there was no (u) Rex v. Williams, 1797. Holt on genuine revelation of the will of God Libel, 69, note (e). existing in the world ; aud that reason (w) 4 Bla. Com. 51, was the only true faith which laid any
e the benefit of others, is, for so doing, amenable as a criminal; « that a malicious and mischievous intention is in such case the “ broad boundary between right and wrong ; and that if it can be “ collected, from the offensive levity with which so serious a sub“ject is treated, or from other circumstances, that the act of the
party was malicious, then, since the law has no means of dis
tingishing between different degrees of evil tendency, if the “ matter published contain any such tendency, the publisher be
comes amenable to justice."(x)
At to the extent of this offence and the nature and certainty of the words, it appears to be inmaterial whether the publication is oral or written; though the committing mischievous matter to print or writing, and thereby affording it a wider circulation, would undoubtedly be considered as an aggravation, and affect the
measure of punishmeut.(y) Ofpublications II.' When the Star-Chamber had been abolished, it appears that against moral- the Court of King's Bench came to be considered as the custos ity.
morum, having cognizance of all offences against the public morals ; (z) under which head may be comprehended representations whether by writing, picture, sign, or substitute, tending to vitiate and corrupt the minds and morals of the people. (a) Formerly, indeed, it appears to have been holden that publications of this kind were not punishable in the temporal courts :(b) but a different doctrine has since been established. (c) And in late times indictments for obscene writings and prints have frequently been preferred; without any objection having been made to the jurisdiction
of the temporal courts. Oral commu- The principle of the cases upon this subject seems to comprenications.
hend oral communications, when made before a large assembly, and when there is a clear tendency to produce immorality; as in
the case of the performance of an obscene play. (d) Ofpublications
III. Libels against the constitution, abstracted from all personal against the constitution. allusions, do not appear, either in ancient or modern times, to
have been often made the subject of legal enquiry. In general, publications upon the constitution, avoiding all discussions of personal rights and privileges, are speculative in their nature, and not calculated to generate popular heat. But if they should be of a different description, tending to degrade and vilify the constitution, to promote insurrection, and circulate discontent through its members, they would, without doubt, be considered as seditious and criminal. (e)
Thus it appears to have been adjudged, that though no indictment lay for saying that the laws of the realm were not the laws of God, because true it is that they are not the laws of God; yet that it would be otherwise to say that the laws of the realm are
(x) Starkie on Libel, 496, 497. (d) Starkie on Libel 504. In Rex r'. (y) Starkie on Libel, 493.
Curl, 2 Str. 790. it was stated that (z) Sir Ch. Sedley's case, 1663. Keb. there had been mavy prosecutions 2 Str. 790. Sid. 168.
against the players for obscene plays, (a) Holt on Libel, 73.
but that they had interest enough (6) Rex v. Read, 11 Mod. 142. to get the proceedings slayed before Hawk. P. C. c. 73. s. 9.
judgment. (c) Rex v. Curl, 2 Str. 788. Rex v'. (e) Holt ou Lib. 86. Wilks, 4 Burr. 2527. | <urn:uuid:d75cba2d-0fa9-4d76-aaaa-2b57891ccae3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.ee/books?pg=RA1-PA217&vq=%22administer+to+her,+or+cause+to+be+taken+by+her,+any+poison+or%22&dq=editions:STANFORD36105062522375&lr=&id=87MDAAAAQAAJ&hl=et&output=html_text | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962105 | 4,172 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Rohingya refugees walk on the muddy path after crossing the Bangladesh-Myanmar border in Teknaf, Bangladesh, September 3, 2017 (Photo: Reuters)
A total of 87,000 mostly Rohingya refugees have arrived in Bangladesh since violence erupted in neighbouring Myanmar on August 25, the United Nations said Monday, amid growing international criticism of Aung San Suu Kyi.
Thousands of the stateless Muslim minority have fled mainly Buddhist Myanmar and poured over the border since the latest round of fighting broke out.
Their arrival has piled yet more pressure on already overcrowded camps in Bangladesh and raised fears of a humanitarian crisis as aid agencies struggle to cope with the influx of mainly women and children.
Around 20,000 more were massed on the border waiting to enter, the UN said in a report.
Dhaka stepped up border controls after the latest round of violence, but one Bangladeshi border guard told AFP the sheer number of people desperate to enter the country from Myanmar's western state of Rakhine had made it impossible to keep them out.
"It is bigger than the last time," said the guard, who asked not to be named, referring to the influx of refugees that followed an outbreak of violence last October.
"If it continues then we will face serious problems. But it's impossible to stop the flow: these people are everywhere."
Many of the new arrivals lacked shelter from the heavy monsoon rains, and an AFP reporter said hundreds of new makeshift shelters had sprung up on the outskirts of the existing camps in recent days.
"It has been raining frequently since last week. We have to keep our children safe from being sick," said Amena Begum, a newly arrived mother of five.
Rakhine has been a crucible of religious violence since 2012, when riots erupted. Scores of Rohingya were killed and tens of thousands of people -- most of them from the Muslim minority -- were forced into displacement camps.
But the current round of fighting, which broke out when Rohingya militants ambushed security installations, is the worst yet.
Myanmar's army has said nearly 400 people have died in the fighting that ensued, including 370 Rohingya militants.
On Monday the office of Myanmar's de facto leader Suu Kyi said the military had fought 90 separate clashes with Rohingya militants since the ambushes.
In a statement it said more than 2,600 homes had been destroyed in Rohingya villages and 138 houses had been destroyed in non-Muslim villages -- blaming the fires and other damage entirely on the militants.
Suu Kyi is under increasing fire over her perceived unwillingness to speak out against the treatment of the Rohingya, who are viewed as interlopers in Myanmar.
The Nobel peace laureate, a former political prisoner of Myanmar's junta, has made no public comment since the latest fighting broke out.
"Over the last several years I have repeatedly condemned this tragic and shameful treatment," Pakistani activist and fellow Nobel peace prize laureate Malala Yousafzai said in a statement about the Rohingya crisis on Twitter.
"I am still waiting for my fellow Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi to do the same."
The crisis threatens Myanmar's diplomatic relations, particularly with Muslim-majority countries in Southeast Asia where there is profound public anger at the treatment of the Rohingya.
Indonesia's foreign minister Retno Marsudi met Suu Kyi as well as Myanmar's army chief General Min Aung Hlaing in Naypyidaw on Monday to press for greater efforts to alleviate the crisis.
Bangladesh, already home to an estimated 400,000 Rohingya before the latest influx, has also come in for international criticism for pushing people back to Myanmar.
Rights groups say this is a contravention of its international obligations.
On Monday officials on the small island of St Martin's nine kilometres (around six miles) off Bangladesh's coast said authorities had forced 2,011 Rohingya seeking refuge there to leave.
Elected official Farid Ahmed said children were among the refugees who were rounded up on Sunday evening before being taken back to Myanmar by boat.
"Rohingya children were crying. But it is the government order. What can we do?" Ahmed told AFP.
"They (Rohingya) said, where should we go? They (Myanmar forces) were killing us there. Our houses were burnt. They were firing at us."
Scores of people have drowned while attempting to flee the violence, which also killed or displaced ethnic Rakhine Buddhists and other tribal groups allegedly targeted by Rohingya militants.
The refugees say that many young Rohingya men have stayed behind to fight. | <urn:uuid:734bc4e4-754d-49cc-ab00-b9d2262fc03f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/9/276488/World/International/Fears-of-humanitarian-crisis-in-Bangladesh-as-,-re.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.968108 | 949 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Narated By Ma’qil ibn Yasar : A man came to the Prophet (PBUH) and said: I have found a woman of rank and beauty, but she does not give birth to children. Should I marry her? He said: No. He came again to him, but he prohibited him. He came to him third time, and he (the Prophet) said: Marry women who are loving and very prolific, for I shall outnumber the peoples by you.
Chapter : Not known. | <urn:uuid:7d87bfce-436e-4e5d-b645-823d6479edb5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hadithcollection.com/abudawud/abu-dawud-book-05-marriage/abu-dawud-book-005-hadith-number-2045 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.989542 | 107 | 1.5 | 2 |
Technical Note: Monitoring of unsteady open channel flows using the continuous slope-area method
- 1Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA
- 2IIHR – Hydroscience & Engineering, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa, USA
Abstract. The advent of low-cost pressure transducers capable of directly measuring water surface elevation enables continuous measurements of dynamic water surface slopes. This opens up a new possibility of dynamically monitoring unsteady flows (i.e., hysteresis) during the course of flood wave propagation. Hysteresis in this context refers to a looped stage–discharge rating caused by unsteadiness of flows. Hysteresis is monitored in this study using a continuous slope area (CSA) method, which uses Manning's equation to calculate unsteady discharges based on continuously measured water surface slopes. In the rising stage, water surface slopes become steeper than a steady water surface slope, resulting in higher discharges than steady-based discharges, while the trends are reversed in the falling stage. The CSA method applied to Clear Creek near Oxford (Iowa, USA) estimates the maximum differences of peak discharges by 30–40 %, while it shows sound agreements for a low to medium range of discharges against USGS steady-based records. The primary cause of these differences is the use of a single channel bed slope in deriving Manning's roughness coefficients. The use of a single channel bed slope (conceptually equal to the water surface slopes at every stage in uniform flow conditions) causes substantial errors in estimating the channel roughness, specifically at high stages, because non-uniformities of natural channels result in varying (non-uniform) steady water surface slopes at each stage. While the CSA method is promising for dynamically tracking unsteady water surface slopes and flows in natural streams, more studies are still needed to increase the accuracy of the CSA method in future research. | <urn:uuid:6ab0fbd9-57c2-44fb-ae99-7af48772d440> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/21/1863/2017/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.903119 | 398 | 2.25 | 2 |
A Podcast about Mental Health and Addictions
Episode 11: New Brunswick
Episode 11: Clinical Framework Model from the Acadian Peninsula (NB)
June 2, 2021 – New Brunswick’s award-winning Clinical Framework Model helps to provide better mental health services to young people with complex needs. It allows for a strategic approach where the intention is to identify the clinical interventions that best meet the needs of the young person and their family.
- Vitalité Health Network – visit vitalitenb.ca/en
- Maison Ted – call 1 877-450-3365
- Le Gouvernail – call 506-336-3990
- CHIMO Helpline – visit chimohelpline.ca or call 1 800-667-5005
- Therapeutic Foster Families – visit gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/services/services_renderer.10155.Children_s_Residential_Services_-_Foster_Homes.html
- Canada Suicide Prevention Service – call 1 833-456-4566
- Kids Help Phone – call 1 800-668-6868
Loretta O’Connor: Welcome back to Promising Practices, a podcast on mental health and addictions brought to you by Canada’s Premiers. This is our eleventh episode of sharing promising practices that are underway in each province and territory.
My name is Loretta O’Connor. I’m the Executive Director of the Council of the Federation Secretariat, an organization that supports the work of Canada’s Premiers.
Today we visit the Acadian peninsula, a largely rural area in northeastern New Brunswick, named after the large Acadian population located there. Acadians are a vibrant minority Francophone culture known for their unique music and art, their delicious food, and their deep sense of community.
Let’s welcome the Premier of New Brunswick, Blaine Higgs, to introduce the Acadian peninsula’s success with the Clinical Framework Model developed to support child and youth mental health.
Premier Blaine Higgs: Hi, I'm Blaine Higgs, Premier of New Brunswick, and I'm pleased to join Canada's Premiers in the Council of the Federation's podcast series on mental health and addictions, alongside my Minister of Health, Dorothy Shephard, and our Department of Health’s Addictions and Mental Health Team. This podcast episode is unique as it features New Brunswickers, who have either played a role or have received support from our Clinical Framework Model in the Acadian peninsula. The Clinical Framework Model helps to provide better services to young people with complex needs by offering better supervision and optimal support to parents and adults who care for them on a daily basis. It allows for a strategic approach where the intention is to identify the clinical interventions that best meet the needs of the young person and their family.
New Brunswick has recently had occurrences regarding mental health crisis care in the province, and the Clinical Framework Model is a step in the right direction to improving population health, access and intervention supports in our province. From 2014 to 2016 compared to 2017 to 2018, we've seen strides in harm reduction and intervention since the implementation of this model. Some key indicators include a decrease of 65% in police environment of youth residing in group homes in the region. Youth with complex needs involvement with justice court proceedings is down 50%. Ambulatory transport due to risk of self-harm or harm to others is down 82%. And hospitalization for psychiatric concerns are down 65%.
In today's podcast, you will hear from our clinical team members, care partners and families who have been involved in the program. I'm proud to share this insight and valuable information about New Brunswick’s Clinical Framework Model and how it's making a positive impact in our communities.
Loretta O’Connor: Thank you Premier Higgs for highlighting how the Clinical Framework Model is supporting child and youth mental health in New Brunswick.
I would like to remind everyone listening that if you or someone you know is struggling, help is available. You can call New Brunswick’s CHIMO helpline at 1-800-667-5005 or visit www.chimohelpline.ca. You can also call Kids Help Phone at 1-800-668-6868 or the Canada Suicide Prevention Service at 1-833-456-4566.
Next, we’ll hear from a number of people in the Acadian Peninsula who play key roles in developing and utilizing this model. From social workers to psychologists to family members impacted by the program – taken together, their voices and their stories provide a unique and compelling picture of this promising practice.
Danièle Loubier: Hello, my name is Danièle Loubier. I am a psychologist in mental health, and on the Child and Youth Team in Tracadie for the Vitalité Health Network. I also have the role of clinical consultant with Le Passage Therapeutic Facility. The development of the Clinical Framework Model was made possible by integrated service delivery, ISD, which fosters the necessary cooperation between the departments and the partners. We began to think about the best way of responding to the complex and costly needs of some of our children and youth. These were the ones who sometimes had to be sent to resources outside New Brunswick, or far from their communities, their support network, their school, and professionals with whom they had developed ties of trust. Workers in residential facilities and foster parents often had to support children and youth without the appropriate structure. We knew that if we were able to take up the challenge, our youth and children with complex needs could benefit from placements and resources in their communities, staying close to their networks and all their support persons. The idea of having work teams surrounding these children and youth, customized for each one of them, was born.
To draft the model, a partnership then went further, between Social Development – Stéphane Noel, psychologist, and Sonia Ferguson, senior social worker – and I from the Mental Health Sector and the Child and Youth Team. The work first developed from ideas that came from previous work with Le Passage / Le Complexe Savoie. The Clinical Framework Model for children and youth with complex needs then took shape. With time, other partners gave us their trust – Therapeutic Foster Families, Le Gouvernail, Maison Ted, etc.
What we dreamed of achieving was a clinical framework model in which parents would feel essential to understanding needs and in decisions. Children and youth would be able to discuss their ideas and opinions every time they felt able to, by participating in team discussions. The partners at all levels would be able to sustain each other in relation to all the stages of support. The strengths of children, their families, their network and their community would be part of the solutions. We would provide ourselves with the means to be strategic at all levels, which would include responding to crisis situations. We could focus on complex needs and dynamics rather than human beings – a child, youth or family. The idea of a customized team for every child and youth had already come to us in our work with Le Passage / Le Complexe Savoie.
The clinical consultation teams, CCT, have become one of the ways of making the model operational. As soon as it is set up in a therapeutic facility, a CCT is customized for the child or youth, and he or she will be part of it, along with the parents and informal support as needed. The frequency of the CCT’s meetings is determined by the team members in terms of the intensity of the needs, or if an emergency situation occurs. The CCT has become the ideal means of planning for the child or youth’ s return to their community after having had access to an assessment or treatment resource outside of their area. The CCT plays a role of the successes of all transitions, whether from one resource to another, one service to another, or the transition to a new stage of life, a youth turning 19 for example. The CCT makes it possible to develop an adequate knowledge of the needs and characteristics of the child or youth and their living environment.
When the model is applied in compliance with its deep-seated values, it has the power to change the placement experience for all of those concerned. It is essential to give management of the model all the human resources required. The results that my colleagues will present to you are proportionate to the respect given to the whole process of the model. Children and youth for whom life has been so hard and distressing deserve an organized response that is commensurate with their great needs at the present time. Our society awards itself by giving these young people a chance to become citizens, and perhaps also parents themselves, able to achieve their potential, feeling safe, and with a better quality of life than fate meted out to them originally.
Roland Landry: Well, hello, I'm Roland Landry. I'm a social worker at the centre. I've been working at the center for over 30 years. I'm also the manager of the Le Passage program. Le Passage is a residential environment for children who are registered with the Department of Social Development. We take children with complex needs and major challenges. We take children who may have fetal alcohol syndrome, who may have Tourette's Syndrome, autism with Asperger's Syndrome, and some who we have often supported with numerous diagnoses with intellectual delays. We work a lot with the Hart model from the Center of Excellence where they work a lot with children who have attachment problems and who have experienced trauma, because we know that most of our children have experienced a lot of trauma in childhood and in relation to mental health.
Of course, Le Passage has been there for about 35 years. As I was just saying now, I've been involved for 31 years. At the very beginning, we set up a structure, a framework. At Le Passage, it is something that fills a great need in the children and they can make progress. But we work hard, but we had a few tools and means of working with the children with respect to the therapeutic aspect. The advent of clinical consultation teams – our famous CCTs – really changed the face of the direction of Le Passage in connection with the total improvement with respect to the children's therapeutic needs, and the needs of the natural families who support the children.
The CCT model programs, you know that the majority of our children are registered with Social Development, but they have so many complex needs that they are also supported by Mental Health. So, in the past, Mental Health, we really worked more in silos. Mental Health, the psychologists, or workers who follow the child – my workers – we try to make the therapeutic plan, but it was not in conjunction with Mental Health. The schools, as best they could, decided that their child would go to school for two hours, one hour, half an hour – everyone made decisions on their own.
The advent of the CCTs, for me, with the experience I have acquired over the years, it is the best of the models that we could have in support to help the children. Not just to give them a structure, a framework for a living, it is to be able to help them cure their wounds, to be able to help them put the tools and means in place that can help them on their therapeutic path. The usual procedure we do in relation to ICT, the members of this team must make sure that the interpretations and directions adopted will be continually questioned to adjust to the reactions of the children or the parents to the events that they are faced with, both in their regressive and progressive movement or to adjust to new theoretical and clinical knowledge. The team must learn to deal with the uncertainty that accompanies constant change.
Of course, before that, we had a tendency to want to take the child, so that he or she would adapt to our environment. Now we must adapt our environment to the child. And in our clinical consultation teams, the members, we have the opportunity to have the psychologist in Mental Health supporting us, who is there to help us in the clinical orientation of the case. We can also have the psychologist who is followed by Social Development and who can be incorporated too. We have other members of Mental Health as workers. These members often help us a lot to have access to the psychiatrist. The psychiatrist often follows our children; we have more access to the psychiatrist. With the members, when we experience a problem with the child, every three weeks we hold our CCT meetings, and often the workers may have much more direct connection and take reports to the psychiatrist who can make the addition and the adjustment to the children's medication.
We also have counselors who attend these clinical meetings. We can have a social worker from Social Development; we can have, especially if it's important, the child, the parents, we can also have the extended family, maybe the grandparents, any significant family members, members of the extended family, other members of the community can participate in our meetings. We have members of the CNY teams who make a common plan. I find that the common plan is extremely relevant because there are a lot of us. There could be seven, eight, ten, twelve of us around the table discussing and revising the child's therapeutic plan. The common plan defines each person's role. Mental Health, if the psychologist has to conduct his meetings, may say what has worked with the child. If the occupational therapist is involved, they may tell us what stage they are at. How we can work and continue putting the occupational therapists, the therapeutic tools in our home; we can develop alliances and therapeutic pathways that are developed from all the resources we have access to, and we put them all together.
The duration of these meetings is between one and a half and two and a half hours. Usually the first hour, there will be a discussion between the workers to obviously define the plan and the direction. In the second hour, we will invite the family, the child, to really define the direction of what we think therapeutically and then have the parents’ opinion. The therapeutic aspect of that with respect to our children, with the major challenges they have, helps us enormously.
Our little loves, the little children we are responsible for, have so many big challenges. In the 1990s we worked with hyperactivity and it was problematic for us. Now, we don't talk about it anymore. It is the small gain that our children can make with these symptoms or live with hyperactivity disorder. We have much bigger problems with attachment disorders and trauma that children experience that it is so complex that it takes a whole big team around these children to be able to help them add the tools to calm them down, to be able to heal certain wounds of these children, and to be able to direct and equip them for their future, to give them the means and tools so that they may grow and heal some of their wounds.
The parents often, when we can get them, most of the time when we can get the natural family or extended family or foster family, we want to have them with us for our ICT meetings. Number one: clinically, we can also support the family. Second, but it's that everyone has the same language to work with the child. And that is at the clinical level, at the therapeutic level. That is deemed essential for us, for everyone, that we all know what our roles are. We know what we're working on. We're not duplicating services, so that we're saving an enormous amount of time. The school – sometimes we can't even our workers will get involved, they will go work directly at the school. Sometimes it may happen that they don't have a worker who can support the child at recess or things like that. So, the collaborative work with the community and the other community resources, including the school, can be done and it is done in a really positive way with our children in the support we must provide.
So, for me what I'm doing and what I recommend is certainly that the therapeutic aspect of the clinical consultation teams is extremely important. Sometimes people complain that it can take a long time. No, we are saving a lot of time. We saved a lot when we did assessments using the clinical supervision model, the impact the CCT teams had on our hospitalizations. With respect to psychiatry, taking our children to other resources outside our region, we saved a whole lot of time and mobilized other resources because we are all working in partnership to meet the needs of our children.
So, to summarize a little, it's sort of like that, that we had to chat about in relation to the clinical consultation teams and we also have the opportunity to go to the ICT teams where we are going to meet with the integrated teams. Excuse me, I missed a little section on the integrated teams where they can also lead us in much more advanced clinical directions or other resources, if we want to respond to all the needs of our children. But working in partnership between the resources is the best thing we could do to help our children in the community therapeutically and clinically once again.
Sonia Ferguson: Hi, my name is Sonia Ferguson. I'm a social worker at the Department of Social Development. I'm part of the clinical team and one of the creators of the Clinical Framework Model for children and youth presenting complex needs. I am the clinical consultant for foster family and natural parents when the young person transitions toward their natural family in their community.
In January 2019, there was an evaluation of the performance of the Clinical Framework Model by the Vitalité Health Network. Here are some of the quantitative results of the evaluation. In total 49 youth with complex needs were the subject for this study for a period of four years. The data collection represents the journey of these children and youth before and after the rollout of the clinical framework. The quantitative result of the evaluation indicates that youth with complex needs, once supported by the model, begin to demonstrate a reduction in the number of police involvements, reduction in the number of youth in the system, reduction in the number of transportations by ambulance, and reduction in the number of psychiatric hospitalizations.
Several types of placements are available for youth and children with complex needs in the Acadian Peninsula. We're working in collaboration to provide a resource that meets the needs of the youth and that can also represent the lower intensity of placement. In parallel to the study, the team also observed academic improvement, decreased medication and better social skills. The evaluation of the performance pushed us to think and define more clearly the definition of success. The success of the placement process and the related clinical framework is defined not by the return of a child to their natural family. Sometimes this objectivity is impossible to achieve but by the restoration of healthy relationships between the youth and their natural family or a network of significant people.
Success is also demonstrated with the youth that develop the ability to engage in an effective academic learning process that matches their potential when the adaptive functioning has improved, when they demonstrate a better capacity for self-regulation and appropriate behavior profiles for their developmental level. When the success is developing a healthy capacity for attachment, when they feel sufficiently secure to resume the course of their developmental stage, like language, motor skills, etc.
The clinical framework for children who represent complex needs and the CCT wrap-around approach to care represent the ideal vehicle when it comes to implementing a collaborative, strength-based trauma response approach to care for youth and their family like art training, attachment, regulation and competency for children who have suffered trauma. The CCT facility, the transfer of learning, is an important investment in complex situations, to those who will remain involved in the long-term with the children or the youth.
A great emphasis is placed on reducing long-term placement and returning the youth or the child in the family as quickly as possible. The model attaches an importance to the support that is necessary for the successful transition period between the group home and the return of the child or the youth in their foster family or in their biological family. This approach is carried out by the maintenance by the CCT in the transition, and the composition of the team being adjusted according to the new context of the youth and the child. The clinical consultation team supports family and the youth to reduce anxiety regarding the transition, the CCT assures rigorous follow up, and the voice of the child and the family are heard in the common plan. Thank you.
Gisèle Breau: My name is Gisèle Breau, and I have been the Executive Director of Le Foyer Le Gouvernail Inc. and the Maison Ted in Shippagan for 26 years. For years, the lack of consultation between various sectors such as Education, Mental Health, Public Safety, the Department of Social Development, and our resources has played an important role in the emotional and mental instability of some of our young people in our resources and their families. The lack of a clinical framework in the past has done a lot of damage to our young people and their families, because their responsibilities were not adequately defined and taken into consideration. This ambiguity has caused great distress for certain and young people, resulting in recurrent admissions to a psychiatric unit or to hospital, not to mention certain police interventions owing to a lack of understanding of the same distress. When violence directed at oneself or others becomes the only way for our youth, we must recognize that our system is no longer adequate, and that changes need to be made. The clinical supervision model for children and youth has been bridged naturally to Le Gouvernail and the Maison Ted since 2016 with the addition of a clinical psychologist from the Department of Social Development.
Educators may want to make a big difference in the lives of the young people entrusted to them, but to do so they must be able to get the resources needed to attain their objectives, which was not always the case in the past. Since the implementation of clinical consultation teams, we have observed a significant improvement and a recognition of other sectors with respect to the expertise of frontline workers, that is our educators. Our employees are able to talk about their successes or challenges and get the resources needed to better focus on the needs of young people. The fact that voices of young people become a priority when it is a matter of responding to their needs, makes it easier to build the case of a solid pyramid that begins with the need to feel safe. There are times when you need to know how to adapt to prevent situations from deteriorating. Often, it is enough to temporarily add an extra employee to better supervise a young person and make them feel secure. These preventive interventions have had positive results on the number of hospitalizations and police interventions. In the past seven years, no run-aways or hospitalizations were reported. The fact that our teams are heard, and relationships of trust have been built between us, with the common goal of helping children to reconstruct the foundations of their identities, and to find a sufficient attachment capacity to continue their development in a family, is very reassuring to me with respect to the importance of these clinical consultation teams. This same team makes it possible to build a more solid safety net around young people and their families. The needs of young people admitted to Le Gouvernail, the Maison Ted, or to our apartments are increasingly complex. Yet, our success rates have been greater since the involvement of the clinical consultation teams.
The success of our interventions begins with the recognition of the needs of all participants around the same table, and if we need to change our usual paths to come to the assistance of a family, we must continue to do so without hesitation. These same teams are increasingly cognizant of the importance of having an exit plan from the beginning of the placement, because it is essential for the young person and their family to know that there is a beginning and an end to any service, and that we are only there to support them in that process. We have confidence in the future. You must know where you are going in order to continue to move forward. That is one of the foundations of the evolution of human beings. The teams now have a common language when talking about mental health traumas or attachment disorders, or even neurological challenges arising from a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. These challenges are no longer the responsibility of a single person, but of a benevolent team seeking to find solutions to ease the suffering and distress experienced by some young people and their families.
Stéphane Noël: Hello, my name is Stéphane Noël, a psychologist with the Department of Social Development, and I was involved in the development and drafting of the clinical supervision model for children and youth. I am currently the clinical consultant for the Foyer Le Gouvernail and the Maison Ted. I also perform full psychological assessments, or assessments complimentary to existing ones, as needed for youth who are supported by our Department of Social Development.
The members of the clinical supervision model team are assembled to discuss the model and its success. We've established some common factors that in our view, are the cornerstone of the model’s success. First, with time, it turns out that that model has contributed to the effectiveness of clinical support and strengthening of the environment’s ability to meet the needs in complex situations. Also, the main stakeholders can intervene more independently. Subsequently, each discipline and field of knowledge receives equivalent consideration. No discipline or expertise gets an advantage over the other, which means that the CCT facilitates work synergy. In other words, the concerns and opinions of all those involved in the CCT are respected, including those of the youth and parents.
Before the model was implemented, the complexity of the cases meant that the workers became exhausted from the burden of the task they felt they were carrying on their shoulders alone. In the past few years, the workers have said they have been more motivated to remain involved more continuously in complex cases. This feeling of responsibility is now effectively distributed among the primary workers on the CCT. Also, the foster families and natural parents tell the clinical consultants that they feel they are more a part of the process, that they feel supported, respected and revalued in their roles. Lastly, all the partners are more able to recognize the value of the work of each person involved. In short, the multi-disciplinary work leads to an effective combination of efforts to attain a better result.
With respect to the therapeutic approach, it is important to point out that all primary workers on the team receive training to improve youth services. Also, the CCT meetings represent opportunities for ongoing training in relation to the specific challenges of each young person. With respect to continuity of follow up, everyone present who shares the young person's environment, parents, workers, etc. at the CCT meetings has the opportunity to provide good feedback on the situation, and in relation to observations and reflections. The CCTs are therefore very inclusive for parents, regardless of the child's status, and always in the child's best interest.
The clinical supervision model facilitates the survival of the presence of the informal network of these young people to which they might often choose to return when they reach the age of majority. Because their parents have been welcomed into the CCT, they've had the chance to improve their knowledge and have had the necessary support to adjust to their children's needs. In some cases, the parents were supported to accept services for themselves.
The commitment to and the cooperation of all stakeholders in the clinical supervision model are maintained by the pace of the regular meetings of the CCT. For example, sometimes the staff of the therapeutic facilities, including foster parents, go home to resolve a crisis situation that occurred during a visit. This procedure was made possible by the clinical support existing in the Acadian Peninsula, which is a contrast from a previous method in which a young person was accompanied to the therapeutic facility if he or she had a meltdown at home. This new method brings several positive results. The parents and the young person experience the crisis situation, its resolution, and a return to calmness in an environment made safe by the staff of the therapeutic facilities, having gone to their home at their request. Each one in turn, parents and youth, find some learning to do and evolves in their development and achievement of their potential.
The CCT is concerned with being as transparent as possible toward parents and members of the extended family involved, while prioritizing the best interests of the child or youth. In addition, the supervision provided by the model makes it possible to keep these young people in therapeutic facilities in their community near their formal network, thus facilitating a gentler transition to the best family environment for them in their area. The clinical supervision model truly enables young people to be admitted less often and for shorter periods to very costly resources far away from their original living environment.
In conclusion, I want to emphasize that the implementation of this clinical supervision model could not have been achieved without the leadership and unconditional support of Reno LeBouthillier and André Gionet, our managers at the DSD and Mental Health Services.
Pierrette Desfonds: Hello, let me introduce myself, Pierrette Desfonds, foster parent for 30 years now. I'm going to tell you about my personal experience with one of my youth who has been living with us for seven and a half years. When he arrived, he was 10 years old. He had been living in a group home, Le Passage, for two years. After a two-year placement under constant supervision, his functioning was stable enough for him to be transferred to a foster home. The youth wanted to have a family. His parents were involved and kept hoping they'd be able to get him back, but they were unable to offer him the supervision, structure and consistency he needed.
The foster care social worker approached us to explore the possibility of our taking him in. After reading over his file and the reports outlining his various diagnoses, i.e., attention deficit disorder with impulsivity, oppositional disorder with provocation, conduct disorder, mood disorder and learning disorder, we nonetheless decided to go ahead and provide him with a family. During the first month, not going to school and also being in the honeymoon period, the youth integrated well into the family despite a few hiccups. Everything changed when he started school. He exhibited violent and aggressive behavior at school, on the school bus and at home. He even ran away a few times.
We lived with his periods of instability for three years. We tried to find solutions with the Social Development social worker, who was responsible for the youth, but we were unable to stabilize him. After we requested an appointment with a psychiatrist in Bathurst to have his medication adjusted, the situation got even worse. He tried to throw himself out of the car, and he even said he might harm me because he wanted to go to jail. I had to promise him that I would take him to visit the jail so he would calm down in the car. I should mention that this is a two-hour drive from my home to the psychiatrist's office. I had to keep calm for the duration of the drive. Once back home, he became even more violent. I had to call 911 and they took him to the psychiatric unit at the Bathurst Hospital. He was hospitalized for seven days to have his medication adjusted.
Back home, it was still not easy. Tantrums, no schoolwork, no return to school. The Social Development social worker responsible for my youth explained to me that they were going to set up a clinical consultation team because we needed to find solutions. His placement with us was becoming increasingly fragile. We wanted some help, so he could continue to live with us and so we could have a better quality of life. The social worker told me we were going to be the first foster family to have a clinical consultation team or CCT. So, they set up a clinical consultation team.
At the first meeting, when I saw all those people around the table – the youth social worker, the psychologist, and the social worker from the Department of Social Development, the mental health social worker, a teacher and a member of the school administration, I thought I'd missed the boat with my youth, but they quickly reassured me and put me at ease. And that's when everything changed. We discussed the youth’s behavior point by point and they came up with strategies to help us help him. After listening to the views of all the partners and discussing the family situation, we decided to have two clinical consultation teams, one for school because several adjustments were needed, and the other to make the adjustments at home. This meant two reviews of the common plan per month. We were certainly taking it one problem at a time. But after a year, with two CCTs every month, the youth gradually returned to school on a part-time basis. There were fewer tantrums at home and there was more stability. The CCTs allowed for better coordination of services and interventions.
Over the months, still with the help of the CCT, my youth’s school time increased to halftime, but he could not take the bus in the morning. At the time he was in elementary school. My big fear was high school entry, but again with the help of the CCT, an independent study program was put in place at school to modify his learning. He was still going on half-time basis, and that was still working quite well. In 2016, it was decided to combine the two common plans into a single plan. We could address the needs of both sectors, i.e., school and home. The clinical consultation team still met every month.
Since he's been with us, contacts with his parents have been maintained. Frequency is determined on the basis of my youth’s reactions after the visits, and the decision is made by the CCT. We are very aware that these contacts are important to him. With the CCT we find strategies to maintain family ties. Without ever stopping our monthly meetings, my youth has continued to improve. He is now in grade 11, attending school full time, and taking the bus. He has two friends and this is very important for him because he didn't have any before. There's still some violent behavior, but he's able to withdraw, reflect, and come back and talk to us about it. At home, he's respectful even if he doesn't always understand, but he's trying to improve and wants to stay with us. The mental health social worker has been critical to my mental health, as she remained involved to offer support and advice even though my youth didn't want to see her. Her interventions helped me with him without his knowing it when there were small differences between us. That allowed me to have a moment to myself to vent without judgment.
Also, his medication has decreased and he's happier. There have been no admissions to the psychiatric unit and no police intervention. The attending psychiatrist is very impressed by the progress the youth has made. He never thought he would adjust to family life. We have even been able to reduce the frequency of our meetings with the CCT and fewer people are involved. We now have a common plan every three months.
In closing, my youth is now stable, and without this team, I don't know where he'd be. I'm convinced that he'd be in jail or in a psychiatric ward. I believe they saved his life, and he can now look to the future even with his delays and challenges. I read this story to him and he had tears in his eyes and told me it was beautiful. I have the same service with my other youth and things are going very well. Having been a foster parent for 30 years, and receiving services from the teams for five years, I can see the difference in the interventions and the speed in finding solutions. They can finally achieve happiness.
Shannon Haché: The clinical consultation team is a very important partner for the school system. Most of the kids that benefit from that rigorous follow up have complex needs and particularities. For them to be able to function well in the school environment, it is often necessary to put in place individualized interventions that take their specific needs into consideration. The scholar intervenors are part of the clinical consultation teams, and they have the chance to collaborate as members of the team for the implementation of these interventions. The expertise of the different members of the team is essential and well used. We have the chance to consult, amongst others, of psychologists who can answer our question, but mostly help us to understand every child's particularities. As a result, we can elaborate plans more easily, all while having a better understanding of the child.
The team members coming from the group homes also bring us a great support. It is a direct communication with the intervenors. We can therefore ensure cohesiveness in the interventions being used. Having the chance to discuss about the interventions, which ones work better and why, can sometimes make a big difference. To give you an example, we had a kid that was looking to have control over loss of things, but the recommendations of the professionals cited that he could not have such control for now because some teaching had to be done beforehand. While discussing at a CCT meeting, we realized that the kid often ate an additional breakfast at school. We then managed to find an effective way to communicate about the nutritional needs of the kid.
For another child, we had created a social story to try to eliminate a specific problematic behavior that happened in school but also at the group home. The school team personalize that social story to adapt it to the group home reality to ensure a cohesive intervention in all environments. The problematic behavior of the child stopped soon after.
At the clinical consultation team meetings, we also discussed how to limit the impact of changes for the kids. Many of our kids, especially those who are on the autism spectrum, have difficulties handling changes. Their plans often include gradual increases of the visits at home, of the time spent at school, of the number of academic demands made etc. Even if those plans are well thought of and validated in teams meeting, if they all increase at the same time, they can become an anxiety factor for the child. So, in the meetings, the team can discuss and determine which changes will be prioritized and how we are going to ensure that this transition goes well. For the schools, the district support resource teacher takes some data and analyzes it so we can then measure the impact of the changes. The school intervenors being part of the CCT is one of the initiatives that contributes to the fact that there are a lot fewer kids that are withdrawn from the school establishments. With back-to-school continuums and individualized intervention plans, we can make sure these kids have success all while respecting their actual capacities and allowing them to develop their potential.
Julie Gionet: Hello. We are parents of two children, a 20-year-old girl and a 17-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder. Our son has lived at Le Passage therapeutic facility since he was 14 years old. His departure from home to Le Passage was not easy, but the situation at home, at school, in the neighborhood, and with friends had become very difficult. My husband had to stop working during the day to work at night, so that I could work during the day and be home at night, as our son was requiring too much attention to leave him with a babysitter.
It was during a lunch organized with our children at school that the situation worsened. My husband had to come home with our son and I stayed to talk to the principal. She proposed meeting with a Social Development resource for help. We already had an autism counselor in school who didn't give advice and tips at home. Experts from Fredericton even came to the school to put together a plan to make it work better, but nothing was working. The social worker then convinced me to accept their help because we were at the end of our rope.
From then on, two people from the Department of Social Development took care of us. There were home visits, visits to their office and reports written on our son's needs. It was agreed that Maison Ted would be the appropriate place for him. A visit was organized to introduce us to the staff and to visit the home with our children. Later on, we took our son there for a night and we picked him up the next morning. There was an incident during the night stay that changed the plans. Our son required too much supervision for Maison Ted. The social workers informed us that Le Passage was an option and that as soon as a place was available, our son could go there. Social workers supported us throughout this process.
The day he left we had to come up with a lie to convince him to get into the car with us. We told him that his dad was going to meet a man for a mechanic's job, and since this is a subject he loves very much, we had no difficulty in taking him. His luggage had been packed the day before and placed in the trunk of the car without him noticing. We were expected at Le Passage at 2 pm. I remember that day as if it were yesterday. I was like a robot: nervous, unable to think or speak. But Le Passage counselors took matters into their own hands as soon as we arrived explaining to us and to our son that he was going to have to stay with them for a while. It wasn't easy to leave and come home without him.
After that, clinical consultation team or CCT meetings were scheduled every three weeks, and the workers who participated all had a specific role to play, all in the interest of the well-being of our son and those around him. In the meantime, we could phone the residence if we were worried to ask for his news. As the meetings progressed, things had to be changed and tighter security also had to be put in place. We were made aware of his challenges and successes during the CCT meetings. A tragedy followed during the weekend visit home by our son. An emergency CCT meeting was held. The people around the table made decisions, we consented, we trusted them. Other problems arose. He was out of control, and he had to remain in isolation at the Caraquet hospital. We were with him at night and the Passage counselors came during the day. The situation improved and we went back to Le Passage. But things went off the rails again and he spent some time at the Bathurst hospital. There was an incident at the hospital and the doctor wanted the police to intervene.
Throughout the incidents, the workers, ourselves and the members of the clinical consultation team were aware of what was going on. An emergency meeting was organized again and they managed to convince the doctor of another option, as it was just impossible to envision a young person with autism being sent to prison. He was therefore admitted to the special youth unit at the Moncton Hospital for a stay of almost two weeks. We went there on weekends so we could see and spend time with him. His behavior improved and he was able to return to the residence. Then there were psychological assessments at the Campbellton hospital, court appearances, and he finally ended up with one year of probation. Everything was in place so that the year of probation could go well and that was the case –- a total success.
Everything that was put in place around our son was exceptional. The people who took care of him are good people. You see him, you realize that. He is in good hands and that is why it is okay for us his parents to accept that he is no longer with us. We have visits organized to see him – lunches, outings, etc. He calls us every night. They are all good, positive time spent with him, thanks to the guidance and support he receives. We can't imagine going through these trials without the support of this great team. The good cooperation we have had with Le Passage and CCT employees over the past three years is invaluable. They're almost our second family. I don't even want to think about what might have happened if they hadn't been there to support us through all of these trials. We have nothing but thanks and gratitude for them. And we certainly think that the same system should be put in place in other regions of New Brunswick. This would only bring positive things to younger people in difficulty and their families.
Loretta O’Connor: Thank you to Danièle Loubier, Roland Landry, Sonia Ferguson, Gisèle Breau, Stéphane Noël, Pierrette Desfonds, Shannon Haché and Julie Gionet for their testimonies on the success of the Clinical Framework Model. Your contributions as social workers, psychologists, and parents have been invaluable in providing mental health care for children and youth in New Brunswick. Here with us to provide closing remarks on the recognized success of the Clinical Framework Model is New Brunswick’s Minister of Health, Dorothy Shephard.
Minister Dorothy Shephard: As the Minister of Health for New Brunswick, I first want to personally thank everyone involved, who helped us develop and put into practice this unique model. The stakeholders, clinicians, clients and their families, and everyone else who shared their stories and feedback. Thank you.
This model has confirmed that all partners can recognize the value of each other's work. Multi-disciplinarian work leads to an effective combination of efforts to achieve a better result. The Acadian Peninsula Clinical Framework Model Team has received various awards and recognition over the past three years, including the Award of Excellence Social Development, from the senior officials of the New Brunswick Department of Social Development in November 2018. In May 2019, the Graham Beck Foundation invited the Acadian Peninsula team to present the model to various stakeholder groups from across the country. And in April 2020, the Clinical Framework Model developed in the Acadian Peninsula was awarded the Merck Patient First Prize.
It takes out of the box and innovative thinking to be able to develop programs such as the Clinical Framework Model, and it strengthens the capacity of the setting to respond to the needs arising from complex situations. To the members of the team who've worked so hard in bringing the model to life, thank you.
Improving population health, access and intervention are key priorities when it comes to addictions and mental health services and supports in our province. With the release of our latest Intergovernmental Addiction and Mental Health Five-year Plan, our government is committed to ensuring New Brunswickers, including our children and youth, can access and easily navigate additional and mental health services. With the exceptional outcomes from the Clinical Framework Model, our government looks forward to expanding the model into more of our communities, and to increase access to higher intensity supports, when required, by care teams, children, youth and their families.
Loretta O’Connor: Thank you Minister Shephard for your comments showcasing how the Clinical Framework Model is supporting New Brunswick youth with complex mental health needs. This is an excellent example for other jurisdictions who are facing similar challenges.
Join us again next week when we’ll hear about the award-winning initiative developed in Newfoundland and Labrador. Called “Bridge the gapp”, this online tool provides helpful resources and local connections to those looking for guidance and support related to mental wellness and substance use.
Thank you for listening! | <urn:uuid:4de0da30-babd-428a-8e92-584d98047714> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canadaspremiers.ca/ep11-nb/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.97811 | 9,763 | 1.835938 | 2 |
By: Phil Kernen
Recently, Tesla crossed the trillion-dollar threshold in market value. A trillion dollars isn’t what it used to be, but it remains a big deal and a monumental market milestone. Four other U.S. companies are current members, all of which anyone will recognize. One non-U.S. company is in the club, Saudi Aramco. The Saudi Arabian state-owned oil producer founded in 1933, which began trading publicly in 2019, is worth 2.01T. Data is as of 10-29-21.
|Market Cap||Date Started||Reached 1 Trillion MV||Years|
Of those currently in the club, Tesla required the least time to reach a trillion-dollar valuation. It took 18 years from its first day as a company and only 11 years from its initial public offering in 2010. The most recent price increase derives from the announcement by Hertz that they would buy 100,000 Teslas for their rental fleet. Further, Hertz would pay full price rather than the discounted costs so commonly seen in fleet purchases. In addition to the billions in expected revenue, Tesla also gains the marketing benefit of putting new drivers in an electric vehicle for the first time who may not otherwise consider such an option.
Meanwhile, the speed of its growth highlights some eye-popping comparisons. Toyota Motors is the second most valuable car company after Tesla but carries a market cap one-quarter as large, valued at $250 billion. Yet, Toyota sells 20 times more cars than Tesla, delivering 10 million each year compared to 500,000 from Tesla in 2020. After three quarters, Tesla is on track to sell 900,000 units in 2021, so that multiple will drop, yet the valuation gap grows still wider because investors like the rapid growth.
Who is next?
Except for Saudi Aramco, the biggest trillion-dollar organizations are tech companies. And more tech companies are the likeliest candidates to next cross one trillion dollars in market cap, including Facebook (0.88T), Nvidia (0.62T). Technically, Tesla was the sixth company to join the club. Meta, formerly known as Facebook, crossed the mark earlier in 2021 but has since retreated as it faces scrutiny over its business model following the release of the Facebook files. These internal documents reflect the company’s knowledge of flaws in its platform that cause harm to its users. Meta will likely regain trillion-dollar status as it responds to criticism, makes improvements, and pivots towards its metaverse vision.
Nvidia, which makes semiconductors for video gaming and data center customers, is also expected to move higher along with continued growth in revenues and earnings. Second-quarter revenue increased 68%. Despite supply chain challenges, sales momentum will continue with an accompanying increase in their share price. A 70% increase is all that is needed to reach one trillion in market value.
The other members of the top ten are less likely to cross one trillion soon. Tencent, a Chinese internet-based technology company, faces challenges. Growing competition and political and regulatory pressure from the Chinese Communist Party will limit the speed at which it grows in the future. The other non-tech top-ten name is Berkshire Hathaway (0.65T). The investment vehicle of Warren Buffett has a long history and has benefitted from more than a decade of generally rising equity markets. While this trajectory might continue further for stock prices in general and Berkshire in particular, we don’t expect it to push them over one trillion in market cap soon.
Disclosure: This is for informational purposes only and any reference to a specific company does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell that company. The reader should not assume that an investment in the securities identified or described, was or will, be profitable.
For a complete list of disclosures, please click https://mitchcap.com/disclosure/ | <urn:uuid:f6fb5cfb-982d-44e2-827c-4f682ba13450> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mitchcap.com/trillion-dollar-club/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.942541 | 871 | 1.960938 | 2 |
India is in the middle of its mammoth vaccination endeavour to inoculate all adults in the population, with the number of second doses being administered on the rise. The ‘vaccine certificate’ – a digital proof of successful vaccination – has thus become commonplace. While individuals who have only received the first dose of the vaccine are being issued a provisional certificate, those who have received both doses are being issued a final certificate. We analyse the status of vaccine certificates as mere proofs of immunisation, and caution that they may in effect act as potential vaccine passports.
On the face of it, there appears to be a distinction between a vaccine certificate as issued by CoWIN, and a vaccine passport. However, digging deeper reveals some disconcerting conceptual overlaps. With a return to pre-pandemic activities in progress, this is a timely inquiry.
A paper in The Lancet has defined a vaccine passport as “a potential tool for recording and sharing the immunity status of an individual”. In other words, these so-called passports would enable access to an individual’s health data, specifically their vaccination status and Covid test results. The function of a vaccine passport is not limited to international travel alone and may be relevant for a range of activities, such as gaining entry to workplaces and restaurants. As a term, ‘vaccine passport’ is loaded with baggage and hence nations across the world have shied away from using it.
Nevertheless, on stepping beyond mere terminology, we recognise that the widespread use of vaccine certificates in India could potentially function as a veritable vaccine passport. Evidence for the same may be found in the statements of the Chairman of the Empowered Group on Vaccination, who has recognised universal interoperability and verifiability as key facets of the certification process.
Moreover, India’s commitment to global standards on vaccine certificates does not inspire confidence. A scrutiny of the WHO interim guidelines on smart vaccination certificates enable local governments to utilise the certificate for “health, occupational, education and travel purposes”, indicating the potential for indiscriminate use of certificates by municipal governments. Such concerns are exacerbated by instances of informational inaccuracies in vaccine certificates being issued by CoWIN.
Regulators need to pay close attention to the role of the ‘vaccine certificate’ as an interoperable digital utility. The principle of interoperability per se does not raise significant ethical or constitutional concerns. It is, however, the use of the digital certificate as a sine qua non for the delivery of certain services that pose inherent challenges.
A working paper by the University of Oxford’s Centre on Migration, Policy and Society sheds light on a variety of use cases that could potentially discriminate against individuals based on their vaccination status. Such use cases range from the restriction of freedom of movement (persons without a vaccine certificate may be denied from travelling to certain areas), curbing equitable access to education (improper vaccine certificates may be used to deny students admission to the physical premises of a university) and denial of access to private establishments such as hotels or malls. Reports indicate that vaccine certificates are already being linked to passports for international travel, and are becoming essential for domestic air travel in some states.
These concerns also offer a glimpse into a second-order problem, the emergence of ‘mission creeps’ – a situation where the vaccine certificate continues to be leveraged technologically to stand as ‘evidence of fitness’ for participating in ordinary everyday activities. India has previously experienced turbulence with such mission creep – publishing and consequently retracting orders that made Aarogya Setu mandatory for inter-state air travel.
It is especially relevant to take note of such mission creep due to the unique circumstances we find ourselves in today. In reviewing digital tools created specifically to respond to the current public health crisis, it is worthwhile to remember that these tools are capable of identifying individuals and tracking user data, even after the pandemic is over.
Keeping in mind the impact of the pandemic on parliamentary proceedings and the imminent need for strategic intervention, we recommend that the State consider issuing a specialised protocol that outlines the role and functions of the vaccine certificate. The manner of issuing the protocol may be akin to the issuance of the Aarogya Setu (Data Access and Knowledge Sharing) Protocol, 2020, with the Empowered Committee on COVID-19 ideating on the first principles for issuing dignity-preserving vaccine certificates. This would define the scope of the vaccine certificate, and address prominent concerns around its deployment.
Sohini Banerjee and KS Roshan Menon are Research Fellow and Research Scholar at Shardul Amarchand Mangaldas & Co.
(DISCLAIMER: The views expressed are solely of the author and ETHealthworld.com does not necessarily subscribe to it. ETHealthworld.com shall not be responsible for any damage caused to any person/organisation directly or indirectly)
Brands marketed by companies including Pfizer, Abbott, Laborate and Mankind could be potentially impacted once a final decision is taken. Over five years ago, cough and cold syrups marketed by MNCs Pfizer and Abbott were among the top-selling brands in the pharma retail market, clocking over Rs 200 crore each in annual sales. | <urn:uuid:06771112-6daa-46fc-ad82-f4e1071cd5cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/beware-of-a-vaccine-passport/83601792 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.938514 | 1,071 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Starting a budget is simple and can be done in three easy steps. Let’s get down to it:
Step One: Track Your Spending
We started this step last week, so congratulations on getting started. Since your expenses will vary, it’s a good idea to review your spending over several months. Stick with this step and you’ll be in great financial shape.
Step Two: Add Up Your Income
Counting your cash is a fun first step. If you’re like many people, your monthly income is earned as salary or wages from an employer. If you have investments, you may be earning income from dividends, interest, and other sources. For this step, collect your pay stubs and find your investment slips to add up all your gross (before tax) monthly income.
Is your income variable?
If you run your own home business, live on sales commissions, do freelance work, are self-employed, or work a moonlighting side-gig to make ends meet, then you know how planning your finances can be a big challenge when your income is neither regular nor predictable.
Use my Extra Income Spreadsheet to help take the mystery out non-salaried earnings.
Download: Extra Income Spreadsheet
All it takes is a bit of planning and a handy tracking tool to make life run a little more smoothly.
Step Three: Make Your Budget Balance
Grab your receipts, sort your bills, and check your bank accounts. It’s time to fill in the blanks and account for your cash by downloading the Free Budget Spreadsheet.
Download: Free Budget Spreadsheet
The last step is to take your income (cash inflow) and subtract your spending (cash outflow) to see if your budget balances. If you have money left over every month then you’re running a surplus. Yay! If you find a negative number then you have a deficit. The idea is to re-evaluate your spending habits and find the places where you can cut costs and save money.
Check out: 50 Ways to Save $1,000 a Year for many ideas!
Don’t worry if you’ve got ‘Budget Shock’ and need to trim a few costs. Budgeting is an iterative process for most people, and it may take a few tries before you can strike a balance. Budgeting gets easier over time, you just need to stick with it!
Next Steps: Check out Day 3: Find your net worth | <urn:uuid:d844da2f-fa18-4841-bb33-939435a6cef1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.squawkfox.com/budget-series-day2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.907249 | 524 | 1.945313 | 2 |
In this blogpost you’ll learn how lighter days are beneficial for your muscle mass and strength. And also why you might be better off doing a lighter training day than completely taking a day off training.
Anyone who has been doing some sort of full body workout or push pull workout split atleast 3 times a week encounters some days that you are not feeling optimally. You might be tired, have muscle cramps, headaches and you might even feel sick during your warmup sets.
If that’s the case and your strength has dropped on heavy lifts by around 10-20% then you might be better off doing a lighter training day.
The Idea Behind A Lighter Training Day
Even top experts who write programs for professional athletes have lighter training days scheduled in. And the idea behind this is resparking protein synthesis.
Yes, there is more to lifting than protein synthesis but when you go to the gym and do a lighter training session that reinitiates an increase in muscle protein synthesis in a target muscle or set of muscles, it reinforces previous training loads. So you can still grow off the lighter loads.
For example, if you did 2 lighter workouts with sub-maximum weights on squats, you would still be reinforcing the PR (personal record) you’ve done the week before by resparking the protein synthesis. Deloads work the same way and you actually gain muscle off of your deload weeks. The week following a deload week you would gain even more muscle.
But only IF you sufficiently overreached enough to stimulate new growth with the overreaching. Meaning that you’ve been getting the symptoms I mention in the intro after you did the the workout program for a more than 2 months where you’ve been hitting PR’s every single week.
If you didn’t then you might not make any progress from a deload or even lose a tiny bit.
Example Light Training Day
Here’s an example training day that you can do to work the whole body. Lower the weights you normally use by about 20%.
- 3 sets x 5 reps squats
- 3 set x 5 reps overhead press
- 1 set x 8 reps bodyweight chinups
- 1 set x 8 reps lying tricep extension superset with 1 set x 8 reps barbell curl
How Much Muscle Can You Gain From That?
Well, I would point back out that literally every muscle in your body gets worked this example light training day day. So did it reinforce all the bench pressing, deadlifting etc. and the answer is yes. That is because of the squats, the squats virtually work everything but your arms and your chest.
I will go deeper into this on a seperate blogpost but a lot of people never taught the squat would work things like the hamstrings and lats. This is basic anatomy. The squat, or hipextension, heavily activates the lats and actually is a lat exercise. They might not work it as well as a weighted chin up but they do stimulate it quite significantly. Enough so to stimulate hypertrophy.
So you work on that if you look back at the example training, the same with the overhead press. It works your upper body pressing muscles; all of your traps, delts, triceps and even the pecs. Maybe you didn’t hit the pecs as well as a the incline bench press would do but it’s enough to reinforce the training from a few days ago.
So these lighter days do pay off and if that’s all you can do because you feel slightly sick then you go in and see what you’re capable off but remember that those lighter days, scheduled or un-scheduled, still reinforce the training from the previous week. So they absolutely have benefits.
- Symptoms to where you might do a lighter training day: Being tired, having muscle cramps, headaches and you might even feel sick during your warmup sets
- Lighter training days work by reinforcing previous training loads and resparking protein synthesis.
- Lighter training days might only benefit you when you’ve sufficiently overreached the training weeks before.
Ready To Get In The Best Shape Of Your Life?
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You can schedule a breakthrough strategy call with me using the link below:
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To your success! | <urn:uuid:cabd7254-5d36-4ca0-9450-e0b3aba32c09> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stefanlamers.com/how-lighter-days-still-increase-muscle-strength/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939579 | 956 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Why And When Heavy Metals Become Kryptonite!
At some point, your body is going to come into direct contact with a toxic heavy metal, no question about it. How well you handle that exposure depends on the following three things.
1. The substance.
2. The amount of time spent coming into contact with it.
3. Your ability to detoxify it. | <urn:uuid:c74e8a93-e1aa-4280-b407-49b426ca78ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jameslilley24.medium.com/why-and-when-heavy-metals-become-kryptonite-bf7695cb37cd?source=user_profile---------9------------------------------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949767 | 78 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Sderot cinema. Israelis bringing chairs 2 hilltop in sderot 2 watch latest from Gaza. Clapping when blasts are heard. pic.twitter.com/WYZquV62O7
— Allan Sørensen (@allansorensen72) July 9, 2014
Danish journalist Allan Sørensen posted this image on Twitter, which shows residents watching and celebrating Gaza being bombed. Sørensen has confirmed he took the picture on Wednesday night (July 9) at a hilltop in the frontline Israeli city Sderot.
Sørensen is the Middle East correspondent with the Danish newspaper Kristeligt Dagblad.
Some western media outlets like the Telegraph, have said Sderot is being battered by missiles and rockets from Gaza. The article “Israel's front line town of Sderot battered by missiles” published by the Telegraph on June 9, around the time Sørensen took this picture, says: “Residents of the ‘city of rockets’ just a mile from Gaza describe the fear of living under bombardment by missiles.”
Sderot has a population of 24,000 people and covers a five-square-kilometer area.
Earlier this week Israel launched the massive “Operation Defensive Edge” against Gaza, which has killed over 80 Palestinians so far, many of them women and children. From Gaza, Hamas, which has ruled the strip since 2007, has fired missiles into Israel. As of July 11, Israeli officials reported that no Israelis had been killed as a result. Most of the rockets coming into Israel have caused no serious damage, due in part to the US-funded Iron Dome aerial defense system, which has intercepted at least 70 projectiles so far, according to the Guardian. | <urn:uuid:34d349b7-b077-459c-9299-70745b0e88e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://globalvoices.org/2014/07/11/theater-of-war-photo-captures-israelis-watching-gaza-being-bombed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.955739 | 366 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Stargazing sessions are on the rise as a new form of mindful meditation – helping people to relieve stress and find mental silence in all things astral. There are many proven benefits to taking a ‘star bath’, research says. It ranges from merely taking a break from our busy lifestyles and finding a moment of calm, to providing a different perspective on our lives. We all know the benefits of becoming at one with nature and taking a break every now and then, and stargazing is no different. So, let’s dive into the many benefits stargazing provides for our health and well-being. Houston, we have lift-off!
Because of the finite speed of light, when you gaze up into the night sky, you are looking into the past.
1. Stargazing makes you kinder
Gazing at the stars could make you a nicer person, a study suggests. And that’s because it helps us feel “diminished in the presence of something greater than oneself.” When we look up at the night sky, we realise how insignificant we – and our problems – are. Connecting with the innate power of the dark and unfathomably vast sky invigorates us and helps us remember that there's a much bigger picture going on beyond our busy lives. We feel small and experience a sense of awe when looking at the stars, and this sense of wonder promotes altruistic, helpful and positive social behaviour. “By diminishing the emphasis on the individual self, awe may encourage people to forgo strict self-interest to improve the welfare of others.”, said lead researcher, Dr Paul Piff.
2. Stargazing slows you down
When you look up at the stars, you’re entirely in the moment, slowly drifting off into a meditative state where things around you start to fade into the background; bringing you enlightenment, peace and a sense of awe. It's like you're freed from all distracting thoughts, obligations and expectations when you contemplate the cosmos. There's nothing to do but stop, watch and reflect – which has plenty of benefits for our mental, physical and spiritual well-being.
3. It’s a stress reliever
"The night sky is therapy," says Ottawa astronomy educator Gary Boyle. Another 2014 study suggested those who stargaze feel more connected to nature. It brings an inexplicable calmness to your mind and body. Whatever your struggles might be, as soon as you look to the stars, a lot of this weight will fall to the wayside, and the tension in your mind and body will start to loosen.
4. Star gazing boosts your creativity
We’ve all had some of our best ideas in the shower, just before we drift off to sleep at night, or even behind the wheel when we’re stuck in a traffic jam. This is down to your conscious mind quietening down and leaving room for your subconscious mind to step into play. Your subconscious is kind of your creative ideas factory, home to your innovative and playful spirit. Looking up at the sky – totally being in the moment – brings you that sense of enlightenment, peace and awe. Combined with an almost meditative state, this is when our imagination can roam free and go beyond the limitations our brain often imposes on our thoughts.
Can’t wait to get started? All you need is a clear night sky, and you're good to go, it's that easy! The best time for stargazing is when there is no moon in the sky at all. This phase is called a New Moon. The moon reflects so much light that it makes it harder to see the stars properly. Dress warmly, sit or lie down comfortably and let your eyes adjust to your surroundings. The farther out from the city you are, the more stars you'll see, obviously, but there’s still plenty to see from your own urban backyard or balcony. You should let your eyes adjust for at least 30 minutes, that’s how long it takes for the chemical makeup in your eyes to adjust to the low light – don’t even look at your phone because that will completely reset the process! Use the time to lie back and relax. It’ll be worth it. | <urn:uuid:61f3cd8f-20e0-4f67-8906-c0ad196500b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rituals.com/pl-pl/mag-spirituality-benefits-of-stargazing.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.935284 | 878 | 1.96875 | 2 |
A new startup from MIT’s Entrepreneurship Development Program is offering eternal life via the virtual world. The service, called Eterni.me, has designed a way to digitally reconstruct a person’s personality after they die so that the dearly departed are able to “communicate” from beyond the grave.
To get started, users must provide the service with access to online activities like chat logs, social-network accounts, photos and emails. Gleaned information is then used to stitch together a digital portrait and avatar that’s capable of communicating with friends and loved one’s after a person dies.
“Eterni.me collects almost everything that you create during your lifetime, and processes this huge amount of information using complex Artificial Intelligence algorithms,” the Web site explains. “Then it generates a virtual YOU, an avatar that emulates your personality and can interact with, and offer information and advice to, your family and friends after you pass away. It’s like a Skype chat from the past.”
An intriguing concept, though details of the service are scant. Interested people can email the website to receive updates about the service, which expects a full launch soon. According to Boston.com, the site has attracted a lot of positive feedback and attention. Since going live, the site received 36,000 page views and 1,300 email registrations in under 24 hours.
Whether a service like this could ever overcome the creepy factor remains to be seen. What do think? Would you be interested in interacting with virtual versions of your friends and family after they pass? Are you comfortable creating your own avatar to give sage advice from the great beyond? Let us know in the comments below. | <urn:uuid:dc17c6a6-fed6-4c58-9905-d7ce449eccae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.foxnews.com/tech/service-lets-you-video-chat-with-dead-people | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.925504 | 357 | 1.789063 | 2 |
As a teacher, I have often wondered, “How do I lead others if I am not going to go into administration?” During my four very short years of teaching, I feel as though I have become a leader to my peers. Specifically in the area of technology integration, but to a lesser extent in the area of curriculum and even organizational skills. In the book “The 360-Degree Leader,” John Maxwell offers some much needed guidance in the area of leading while not at the top of an organization. There are three main goals I now have as a result of reading this book: I want to support my leader (no matter who they are), I want to add value to my school (by doing so I add value to myself and others), and I want to do my work with excellence (that is a biblical work ethic).
Mr. Maxwell has packed so much into this book, its very difficult to summarize it in just a few pages. However, there were several points that really stood out to me. The first was covered in section 1 and dealt with the myths associated with leading from the middle. There were seven myths in all, but I picked the two that applied the most to me.
The first, and for me, most important, is “I can’t lead if I’m not at the top.” Impossible! Good leaders emerge and generally move to the top, but where would we be in education if we did not have teachers who are good leaders? I mean are we not leading students? Students look to me as the instructional leader of our classroom. I am making decisions that affect how well prepared they are (or are not) to meet the demands of college and the workforce. | <urn:uuid:dd877694-1bb6-4690-97cf-0ec49abf6f51> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jodybowie.blogspot.com/2011/06/360-degree-leader-part-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.988732 | 358 | 1.796875 | 2 |
If you go to any Sámi party, the music in the background is exactly what you would expect at any gathering. You will hear the latest viral songs, old bangers and pop songs that are heard at pretty much any party around the world. But then there are the others – songs that nearly every Sámi person knows, but are virtually unknown to anyone outside the community.
The young Sámi people have grown up with their Sámi superstars - everyone knows Ailu Valle, Amoc, Sofia Jannok or Jon Henrik Fjällgren. New stars are constantly coming up, the Sámi Music Academy and Sámi Grand Prix are creating and promoting new artists each year. Most people outside the Sámi homelands, and those unfamiliar with the community, are not aware of the wonderful arts and music scene of Sápmi. Sámi artists are often welcome as guests at art festivals or cultural happenings around the world, but you will not see them at more mainstream festival stages together with mainstream artists. And that is okay – while it would be amazing to see Sámi superstars on the same lineup as mainstream artists, these artists are often from the community, to the community. The Sámi musical landscape is not about breaking into the mainstream and making money – it is often about building community, revitalizing and maintaining culture and language, as well as helping Sámi people have a stronger sense of pride in their identity.
"Music can be the starting point of building identity, it is communication and it preserves the philosophy of Sámi life, it is a crucial part when considering what it is to be a Sámi person," says Anna Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman, a Northern Sámi musician whose long career has spanned from orchestras to research. Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman is most well known for her yoiking – yoik is a traditional Northern Sámi vocal music style. Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman has released two albums with her band Ánnámáret Ensemble, and her latest record is an ethereal, dream-like album Nieguid duovdagat – Dreamscapes which came out in 2021 under the name Ánnámáret. She is a talented artist with skills in multiple fields – she has studied clarinet in Sibelius Academy and has worked as a clarinetist. She is currently doing her doctoral studies in Sibelius Academy, studying preserving and teaching yoik.
Photo: Lada Suomenrinne
"Nowadays Sámi pop music is significant, it builds a sense of community and it defines identity," Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman says. Young Sámi people around the world and around the Sámi homelands can find more interest towards their culture through music, which is one of the most consumed forms of art in Sámi culture. Seeing and hearing their culture through music can be a way of relieving ethno-stress and can be used to regain control over your own identity. Finding the right balance between traditional and modern cultures, or the Finnish and Sámi cultures, can stretch the cultural boundaries and bring a burst of energy into the young Sámi culture. But the artist is often balancing between two cultures; the minority culture versus majority culture, old and new, traditional and modern. They will try to appeal both to Sámi audiences, and to those outside the community.
Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman quotes Northern Sámi historian and academic Veli-Pekka Lehtola, who has explain the duality in Sámi arts: different things speak to Sámi audiences than to people outside the Sámi community.
"For example, if an artist has used traditional or archival yoik, that can be a yoik of an ancestor or a specific place... a Sámi person can have a personal connection to the person or place," Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman says. There are aspects of Sámi culture that are unknown to the majority population, as well as Sámi people who are unfamiliar with certain aspects of culture, which can prevent deeper understanding of the art.
"In the Sámi view of the world, ancestors are still a reality in our time, and we are responsible for our actions to them, there can be a spiritual and philosophical connection to a song," Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman says.
"But a person who does not know the yoik or the person or history can listen to the song as just a song, listen to the arrangements of the instruments and listen to the melody of the yoik or how the yoiker is interprets the yoik," she continues. There are multiple ways to consume any art, and music is no exception.
The history of Sámi music is long and complicated. For centuries, yoiking was banned in the Sámi homelands by the Lutheran church and priests. And for an obvious reason – researcher and journalist Jorma Lehtola says in his book, Laulujen Lappi, that the priests noticed quickly that yoiking was a cornerstone of Sámi identity that helped build the sense of community. In much the same way, Sámi music, including yoik, is being used as a cornerstone of building and preserving that sense of community now. It is important to note that this article contains interviews of Northern Sámi musicians only. Inari Sámi and Skolt Sámi cultures have similarities with the Northern Sámi, but they also have their own musical cultures and history, and deserve a whole article on their own.
It is easy to see how closely Sámi music is connected to identity. For many Inari Sámi youths, for example, Mikkâl Morottaja’s (stage name Amoc) rapping in Inari Sámi changed the way many young ones viewed their culture. Now, the music and our culture no longer felt archaic or even boring. Now it felt new and exciting, bringing with itself a sense of pride that was necessarily not there before. I can only imagine the feeling would have been the same of the youths of the 60s and the 70s, when Nils-Aslak Valkeapää started to accompany his yoik with pop music and western instruments.
Like Anna Näkkäläjärvi-Länsman, Ingá Máret Gaup Juuso is also more familiar with traditional yoik – but she does it with her own twist. In 2022 Gaup Juuso won the song contest category of Sámi Grand Prix in Kautokeino, Norway – the song contest could be described as the Sámi Eurovision. While Gaup Juuso has grown up around traditional yoik, she is now best known for her winning song Dovdameahttumii and her work with her band Tundra Elektro, which represents a more modern type of Sámi music.
Photo: Sannamari Blinnikka-Tyrväinen
"It [the winning song] has been well liked outside the Sámi community. I feel that yoik is growing in popularity in Europe," Gaup Juuso states. Her winning song is featured in one of Norway’s biggest radio playlists, and her art is welcomed by the Norwegian art scene. She finds it strange that Sámi artists are not welcomed in the Finnish mainstream in the same way.
"Maybe the Finnish ears are not so used to listening to yoik," she wonders. Gaup Juuso finds that Sámi artists are often excotisised in Finland, and political and cultural questions undermine the art itself. "If I wear my Sámi dress I easily become an object and it does not always feel good," she says.
But of course, within the Sámi community, there are no such issues. Gaup Juuso underlines the importance of yoiking and Sámi music to the Sámi - music can be a way of bringing more confidence and pride to the young minds. Not to forget the Sámi people living outside the Sámi homelands, who do not have the same access to culture as those living closer to the land. For them, hearing Sámi music and finding Sámi arts can be a key feature in finding that connection with the culture that otherwise could be lost.
"If you think of Sámi parties, you can guarantee that when there is yoik the party is blowing up," the veteran yoiker says. In her 35 years, Gaup Juuso has already had a long career in Sámi music, and has seen the development that Sámi music has gone through. "Even back in the day, yoiking has been done together, it is building a sense of community," she continues.
The Sámi artists are raising a storm in their local communities. Even though they are not often heard in the mainstream music scene, their importance for the local community is as strong as ever. Generations of Sámi people have had to figure out how to find themselves, how to have that balance between the two cultures – and music is such a helpful tool in this.
Featured photo: Ville Fotonoff / Ijahis Idja Festival 2021.
Ijahis idja is a festival celebrating the music of indigenous peoples and has been held in Inari since 2004. The event is the only music festival held in Finland that concentrates on Sámi music. | <urn:uuid:7e42a348-04b3-4f62-9ec7-5d6b5c6bb373> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fmq.fi/articles/sense-of-identity-in-sami-culture | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95735 | 2,054 | 2.125 | 2 |
This blog posting represents the views of the author, David Fosberry. Those opinions may change over time. They do not constitute an expert legal or financial opinion.
If you have comments on this blog posting, please email me .
The Opinion Blog is organised by threads, so each post is identified by a thread number ("Major" index) and a post number ("Minor" index). If you want to view the index of blogs, click here to download it as an Excel spreadsheet.
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Posted on 28th February 2022
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Show all posts in this thread (Politics).
The invasion of Ukraine by Russia continues to dominate the news. The world is surprised that the Ukrainians are holding out as well as they are; personally, I expected that it would all be over within 48 hours.
According to this report on The Sun, a Chechen special forces column, including 56 tanks, was obliterated near Hostomel, north-east of Kyiv, and Magomed Tushaev, the top Chechen general leading the column was reported by Meaww as having been killed. Russia is becoming frustrated by their slow progress, and have now put their nuclear forces on special alert (here, on the BBC).
The west is sending weapons to the Ukrainians, but no soldiers (western governments are to worried that sending armed forces would escalate into all-out Europe-wide war), but some governments are supporting (even encouraging) their citizens to go to fight to defend Ukraine, as reported here on the BBC. I know a Ukrainian living in Germany who is seriously considering going back to fight for his home country; not an uncommon scenario.
Instead of sending troops, the world is concentrating on vicious and wide ranging sanctions and other non-military actions:
All this begs the question: if the sanctions are proving so effective, why did the west not act with such vigour after Russian annexed Crimea? The inaction by the western nations made Russia believe that we did not care about Ukraine and what the Russians did there. If action had been taken over Crimea, the current invasion of Ukraine would perhaps not have happened.
There are parallels here with the invasion of The Falklands by Argentina. Britain, with one of the world's most skilled and experienced diplomatic corps, somehow failed to give Argentina the impression that Britain would defend the islands. It is hard to believe that Argentina got the wrong understanding by accident, so were they suckered into a war (a war which gave a major popularity boost to Margaret Thatcher's faltering government)? Were the Russians similarly suckered into invading Ukraine, by being led to believe that the west didn't care? | <urn:uuid:b7318112-1419-46a5-96b1-eeb8fe651209> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.fosberry.com/cgi-bin/OpinionPost.pl?Major=0022&Minor=60&noframechecking=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.971776 | 591 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Test automation: when, why, and who needs it
Automated testing, unlike manual testing, simplifies the process of identifying bugs using special programs, which reduces costs and time for the testing cycle.
Frankly speaking, it provides you with a ready-made, bug-free software product in a shorter time frame than manual testing does.
One of the main goals of introducing test automation is to increase efficiency and coverage and speed up testing under constant repetition of test scenarios. Automated tests can be run regularly, during business and non-business hours. On average, it takes a tester about a day to perform manual tests, find and log errors. Automation reduces it to minutes, and helps you to find errors in the code at the time it is added to the source code repository.
Automation has the following advantages:
- Replaces time-consuming manual testing of workflows and multiple scenarios
- Excludes “human factor” errors
- Provides transparent control over the testing process
- Reduces costs for reusable scripts
- Provides accurate and reliable test results
- Reduces the market launch time of a finished product
- Improves the development process (Continues Integration)
When to automate
How do you know when it is time to automate testing? Will the return on investment in automation always be justified?
If the project is large, it grows, includes several subsystems and already several hundred “manual” test cases, automation will increase the tester’s performance by no need to spend weeks checking test cases.
Not merely a large project but also a large team of programmers needs automated testing to speed up debugging in the interaction of different code modules.
Test automation will be especially relevant if the product meets the following criteria:
- Scenarios repeat regularly
- Scenarios are time consuming, complex and not suitable for manual testing
- Checking test cases is time-consuming
- Scenarios are for high-load applications
Automated tests are not a viable option if the test scripts are new and have not been manually tested, or if the tests require constant changes, or you only need to run the test script once.
What to automate
The final product consists of a large number of functionality and processes that make it work. The most often processes to be automated are:
- Back-end processes and services
- Database operation
- Frequently used options and tools of a site, application, resource: registration forms, online payment systems, etc.
- Filling in fields, saving, and checking
- Validation of input data
- Data storage and integrity
Types of testing to be automated
Testing is a necessary step in creating a product. Automation will make it easier and faster. However, not all types of testing need automation but only those that involve repetitive actions.
Let’s consider the types of testing that are recommended to be automated.
Performance testing (load, stress, volumetric) checks the performance of the product in as close as possible to real-life environment with the expected loads and the amount of data. For example, you need to check the operation of the site with a lot of user traffic, which can affect the loading speed and the operation of individual modules. PT is automated in the first place because manual testers cannot artificially create conditions that will simulate real situations to identify code defects.
Regression testing of the correct functionality is used on regularly changing services (new builds, new software versions). The task of the RT is to make sure that new changes to the code do not disrupt the software. RT automation frees the tester from constantly repeating manual launch of the same test cases before each new application or software update. In the case you need to perform the same actions but with different data, automation provides you with a single database, from which scripts will automatically select information and conduct tests.
Configuration testing is used to check the performance of the product on different operating systems and if changes are made to configurations. When developing mobile applications, CT controls the operation of the product on different mobile devices, considering the size and resolution of the screen, operating systems, their versions, etc. CT automation does not require much time for implementation but significantly speeds up the testing process by running tests in parallel with various combinations of configurations (browser – operating system – database management system – server).
Localization testing is responsible for configuring the product, with its adaptation for the country of sale. i.e. translation of interface elements into the selected language, control of the time zone and date format, translation of texts, keyboard layout, etc. This also includes multilingual sites, which are tough and time-consuming to test in manual mode. TL automation will significantly reduce the time for checking possible errors due to product adaptation for different versions.
Integration testing is used for group tests that combine software modules of several programmers. For example, you need to check the way the cart module in an online store and the payment module interact. In addition, IT validates system performance in combination with out-of-process dependencies (both controlled and uncontrolled). The result of the automation of integration tests is reliable protection against failures and the absence of the need to rework the code.
There are many types of testing, and the choice of a particular option depends on the tasks and the expected result. For this, an automation strategy must be developed.
The choice of a particular strategy depends on a kind of project the testing company is faced with. In the absence of automated testing (AT) and any exact goals, it is then recommended to start with the preparatory stages, carefully consider the choice of tools, and work from the upper level, without going into the AT of certain modules.
If AT has already been configured, preliminary work has been carried out, there are results in the form of test plans and cases, tools have been selected, then the strategy should be based on a step-by-step movement forward, automating module by module and updating goals at each new stage.
Test automation process
Let’s consider the process by stages:
Stage one. Automated tests are run based on manual tests performed with validated scripts. To automate the process, choose a testing tool due to the type of product: website, mobile application, API, software, etc. When choosing it, note the compliance of the budget (how much the company is ready to pay for it), the technical characteristics and support of the technologies used in the product, the requirements for the skills of specialists working with this tool and the quality of reports this tool generates.
Stage two. Determine the scope of automation. It depends on a developed product strategy: for the main product it is better to provide maximum coverage with automated tests. If this is a prototype, then the timing comes to the fore, rather than the quality of the product.
Stage three. Develop an automation strategy and plan. For this, the infrastructure for automation is designed (the necessary stands are prepared), the schedule for launching the scripts is approved. Before running automated tests, the test data is prepared. After running tests, analyzing the test report and fixing errors, perform tracking, correction and retesting.
Stage four. Serve tests to check the quality of automation. This is to improve the efficiency of both existing and future scenarios.
The choice of a certain tool directly depends on the requirements for test scenarios. In most cases, several tools are used at once, each of which tests a specific level of system architecture.
Their choice is due in large part to the following functions:
- Ease of use and user-friendly interface
- Built-in support for the main types of testing, i.e. production, regression, functional, etc.
- Ease of debugging and script support
- Informative test reporting
There is a list of reliable and recommended testing tools that automate the process for various products.
Selenium is designed for testing websites and web applications on different operating systems and browsers. Its advantage is that testers can choose their programming language for writing tests. Among the main ones are Python, Perl, PHP, Java, C#, etc.
This tool adjusts automated testing for web products and mobile applications, software, databases, application programming interfaces (API). Among the tests, it supports regression and cross-browser testing.
A licensed tool by Hewlett Packard. Designed for functional testing of software applications. Has a built-in debugging mechanism, recognizes smart objects, controls the generated script text directly during user actions.
Has been designed for testing web applications but today can perform load testing for connections such as FTP, HTTP, JDBC, POP3, LDAP, etc. Helps create a group of requests from several PCs at once. Test test results are presented in the form of infographics.
A Java test automation framework that combines JUnit and NUnit functionality in addition to new features and multi-threaded testing. Easy to use, this tool provides support for major types of testing, including functional testing, integration testing, etc.
An easy-to-use product designed for cross-platform automated tests with object identification and a built-in analytics system.
A highly functional test automation platform with the ability of Amazon EC2 load in the case of cloud testing. Generates more than 80 options of reports using infographics.
The program is designed to create and test the operation of application programming interfaces (APIs) and websites, as well as to send requests to the server. The graphical interface helps easily configure all the necessary data for tests.
Summing up, we should note that not all projects need full automation. Some companies need manual testing for more efficient and cost-effective performance, speeding it up by writing additional scripts. Automation in many projects is combined with the well-organized work of QA specialists.
When to automate:
- When developing a large-scale application, software or website with a large set of functions
- For long-term projects
- When implementing CI/CD, issuing regular releases
- Cost optimization
- Speeding up the testing process
- Improving software quality
- Saving time and resources for test cases
- Improving team performance
- Wide test coverage
- Support and update of automated tests
Automation in IT projects, along with the right strategy and a selected team of specialists, always pays off the investments. | <urn:uuid:9ec8c4f0-f17f-4e27-ab8e-b529952c862f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newline.tech/test-automation-when-why-and-who-needs-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.908227 | 2,271 | 2.609375 | 3 |
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION: CaCo3, or calcium carbonate in the form of
calcite, is the main constituent of calcareous corals; minor con-
stituents are MgCo3, or magnesium carbonate and proteinaceous organic
substances, which act as binding agents. At 2.5 to 4, the hardness is
slightly higher than that of calcite. The skeletons of corals vary in
color: from bright to dark red, slightly orange-red, pink and white.
ENVIRONMENT: In all cases, coral consists of the branching skeletons of
animals which live in colonies planted on the seabed at depths varying
from tens to hundreds of meters. They are typical of warmish to very
OCCURENCE: The most famous of these organisms is Corallium rubrum, which
lives in the waters of the Mediterranean and, despite its name,provides
not only red, but orange, pink, and white coral. Similar to this are
Corallium elatius, C. japonicum, and C. secundum, which maily live off
the coasts of Japan, China, Indochina, the Philippines, and other
archipelagos of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Coral colonies occupy
large areas especially in the Pacific, but also near the coast of South
Africa, in the Red Sea, and to the east of Australia. These latter
colonies, however, consist of madrepore, which has little in common with
the corals used as ornaments.
GEMSTONE INFORMATION: Most of the coral used since antiquity as an
ornamental material comes from the calcareous skeletons of colonies of
marine organisms of the phylum Cnidaria, order Corgonacea, genus
Corallium. Corals take a good polish. They also have a certain degree of
elasticity and can be heated and bent into bangles. Thin brancehes were
and still are polished, pierced, and threaded, unaltered, into neck-
laces. Larger pieces are cut into spherical or faceted necklace beads,
pear shapes for pendant jewelry, or cabochons. It is also used for
carved pieces and small figurines, in both oriental and western
art styles. The most highly prized varities of coral are those that are
a uniform, strong bright red.
NAME: The name is derived from the Latin [corallium,] related to the
LEGEND and LORE: The oldest known findings of red coral date from the
Mesopotamian civilization, i.e. from about 3000 BC. For centuries, this
was the coral par excellence, and at the time of Pliny the Elder it was
apparently much appreciated in India, even more than in Europe.Red coral
has traditionally been used as a protection from the “evil eye” and as
a cure for sterility. One of the Greek names for Coral was Gorgeia,
from the tradition that blood dripped from the Head of Medea, which
Perseus had deposited on some branches near the sea-shore; which blood,
becoming hard, was taken by the Sea Nymps, and planted in the sea. (8)
MAGICAL PROPERTIES: Coral is associated with Venus, Isis and Water. It
has been used as a form of protective magic for children for hundreds of
years. Cunningham recommends it as a luck-attractor for living
areas.Sailors use it as a protection from bad weather while at sea.
Red-orange coral is one of the four element gemstones of the Pueblo
Indians. It is one of the four colors used for the directions in the
Hopi/Zuni Road of Life. Coral is considered a representative of the warm
energy of the Sun, and the southern direction.
HEALING: Coral’s healing properties are mostly associated with Women,
young children and the elderly. For women it is said to increase
fertility and regulate menstration. For young children, it is recom-
mended to ease teething and to prevent epilepsy. For the elderly, it is
used as a cure for arthritis.
1. Scientific, Environment, Occurence and Name are from (or paraphrased
from) “Simon & Schuster’s Guide to Gems and Precious Stones”.
2. Precious and semi-precious gemstone information may come from
“Gemstones” by E. H. Rutland.
3. Other Precious and semi-precious gemstone information may come from
“Gem Cutting”, sec. ed., by John Sinkankas.
4. Legends and Lore, Magical Properties are from “Cunningham’s En-
cyclopedia of Crystal, Gem & Metal Magic”, by Scott Cunningham.
5. Some of the healing information may come from “Color and Crystals, A
Journey Through the Chakras” by Joy Gardner.
6. Some of the healing information may come from “A Journey Through the
Chakras” by Joy Gardner.
7. Some occult lore is from “The Occult and Curative Powers of Precious
Stones” by William T. Fernie, M.D. | <urn:uuid:1900f2c1-13fe-4c1c-bfe1-c5faf4846b28> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://witchesofthecraft.com/tag/precious-coral/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.918953 | 1,168 | 3.421875 | 3 |
New Zealand was recently judged to be the world’s eight happiest country according to Gallap Poll Data that appeared in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
That report highlights just another startling disconnect within New Zealand, which often happens when perceptions don’t marry with hard facts. We wonder to what degree that is caused by the current restrictions on the reporting of suicides in the country.
New Zealand is said to have some of the world’s most restrictive suicide reporting laws that bind not only the press but also coroners. The latter are prevented from releasing any information other than name, age, occupation and finding of self-inflicted death.
The reason for these draconian laws are supposed to be to avoid copycat deaths and to prevent journalists from sensationalising or romanticising suicide.
Another less well known reason is that New Zealand culture just doesn’t wash its dirty laundry in public, suicide is seen as a shameful act that has to be hushed-up because its a failure of Kiwi staunchness. Unfortunately this means that the causes of suicide are never explored, talked about or dealt with properly.
The public release of more detailed information could have a positive benefit – bringing the issue out into the open and raising awareness of it could help to save lives.
Even though New Zealand’s annual suicide numbers are around 540 people, 50% more than it’s road toll, little about suicide ever makes it into the public domain, whilst road traffic accidents are reported on in detail. In addition, there are 5,000 hospitlizations every year as a result of a suicide attempt.
It’s little wonder then that New Zealand youth have the highest rates of suicide in the world. The country, along with Norway, is unusual in that its rates for young adults are greater than for older people. Most OECD countries have higher suicide rates for older people.
The methods used to achieve self destruction aren’t always officially recorded as suicide either, the true figure is even worse. Deaths through deliberate alcohol abuse are harder to quantify but it’s bad enough for the Chief Coroner to announce that he is shocked and frustrated by the high number of very young teens (some as young as 13) that drink themselves to death in his country.
Is New Zealand really one of the world’s happiest countries, or one that just thinks it is because it isn’t allowed to know the real truth?
For as long as the issue is kept in the shadows hundreds of young people will continue to die desperately and needlessly.
People dealing with a suicide in the family are literally left to clean up the mess – police provide cleaning services to the families of homicide victims but not to those of suicides. The mother of school boy Toran Henry spoke at the launch of Community Action on Suicide Prevention, Education and Research (CASPER) – a support group set up to help families dealing with suicide. The group is campaigning for suicide to be talked about in public:
“”If it could happen to an average middle class Takapuna family – it could happen to any family,” Ms Bradshaw said. She said she cries “80 per cent of the time” and has lost her home, job and friends after the death of her son.
“Suicide is such a taboo. I’ve lost almost all my friends – apart from my son’s friends – since Toran died. People don’t know what to say. I see the fear in their eyes. They’ll cross the street and look the other way,”
Around 30 people attended the meeting and the Herald reported that at the front of the room there were 541 candles, lighted in remembrance of those who took their lives last year.
Mrs Bradshaw also spoke out about the lack of mental health support for people with mental illnesses, saying
“Sadly one of those candles is for a woman who, when she got the letter from ACC which said she was not sufficiently diagnosed with clinical depression, she killed herself that night,” Ms Bradshaw said.
She said her group hoped to review the coroner’s records on suicide every year to monitor how and why so many young people are committing suicide. ” Read the full Herald report here | <urn:uuid:59920447-d129-4c7d-bcbd-63a911ec9846> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://e2nz.org/2010/08/20/silent-death-toll-in-worlds-eight-happiest-country/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973086 | 888 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Slant-path loss due to atmosphere gaseous absorption
calculates the path loss due to tropospheric refraction using the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) standard atmospheric model known as the mean annual global
reference atmosphere (MAGRA), which approximates the U.S. Standard Atmosphere 1976 with
insignificant relative error.
Lgas = tropopl(
calculates the corresponding lens loss. The variation in refractivity versus altitude makes
the atmosphere act like a lens with loss independent of frequency. Rays leaving an antenna
are refracted in the troposphere and the energy radiated within some angular extent is
distributed over a slightly greater angular sector, thereby reducing the energy density
relative to propagation in a vacuum.
Llens] = tropopl(___)
Plot Attenuation Versus Range for 100 GHz Radar Frequency
Calculate the attenuation versus range for a frequency of
100 GHz with an elevation of
5 degrees using the mid-latitude, winter atmospheric model.
R = (10:200)*1e3; % m f = 100e9; % Hz ht = 0; % m el = 5; % deg Lgas = tropopl(R,f,ht,el,'LatitudeModel','Mid','Season','Winter');
Plot the results.
semilogy(R.*1e-3,Lgas); xlabel('Range (km)'); ylabel('Attenuation (dB)'); title('Attenuation for Mid-Latitude, Winter Atmosphere');
R — Slant range
positive scalar | M-length vector
Slant range, specified as a positive scalar or an M-length column vector. Units are in meters.
F — Radar frequency
positive scalar | N-length vector
Radar frequency, specified as a positive real scalar or N-length row vector. Units are in Hz.
H — Altitude of radar platform
Mean sea level (MSL) altitude of the radar platform, specified as a positive scalar
100 km. Values outside the specified
range result in
NaN output. Units are in meters.
EL — Elevation angle
Elevation angle of the propagation path, specified as a scalar. Units are in degrees.
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
the argument name and
Value is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name in quotes.
WaterVaporDensity — Standard ground-level water vapor density
7.5 (default) | positive scalar
Standard ground-level water vapor density, specified as a positive scalar in
g/m3. Applicable only for the
default standard model (MAGRA). Defaults to 7.5
ScaleHeight — Scale height above mean sea level
2e3 (default) | positive scalar
Altitude above mean sea level (MSL), specified as a positive scalar in meters.
Applicable only for the default standard model (MAGRA). Defaults to
2e3 meters. For a dry atmospheric conditions, set scale height to
LatitudeModel — Reference latitude model
'Standard' (default) |
Reference latitude model, specified as one of these.
This model is the mean annual global reference atmosphere (MAGRA) that reflects the mean annual temperature and pressure averaged across the world.
This model is for low latitudes less than
This model is for mid latitudes between
This model is for high latitudes greater than
Season — Season
'Summer' (default) |
Season for the
models, specified as
models ignore this input. Defaults to
AtmosphereMeasurements — Custom atmosphere measurements
Custom atmospheric measurements for the calculation of the refractive index,
specified as an N-by-
4 matrix, where
N corresponds to the number of altitude measurements.
N must be greater than or equal to 2. The first column is the
atmospheric temperature in kelvins, the second column is the atmospheric pressure in
hPa, the third column is the water vapor density in g/m3,
and the fourth column is the MSL altitude of the measurements in meters. When you use
a custom model, all other name-value arguments are ignored and the output refractive
index is applicable for the input height.
The model used by
lenspl assumes geometrical optics
conditions, as a result anomalous propagation like ducting and sub-refraction cannot
be present in provided measurements. If atmospheric measurements evidencing ducting
and sub-refraction are provided, this function throws an error.
Pressure and Temperature Units
One hPa equals 100 Pa and K = C + 273.15. Use caution when combining the use of these three functions.
The atmosphere is a used in tropopl is a layered model with temperature, pressure, and water vapor density dependent on altitude. | <urn:uuid:fa3f804c-1aa9-428f-9cc6-b15f910a5f08> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://de.mathworks.com/help/radar/ref/tropopl.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.658091 | 1,298 | 3.84375 | 4 |
Advanced soil moisture monitoring technology saves water
December 5, 2007 Effective use and management of precious water resources is increasingly a key concern for many countries. Two products from Agrilink offer optimization of irrigation scheduling via advanced soil moisture monitoring technology that promise vast water-savings for the environment.
AquaBlu is an intelligent domestic watering system regulator that oversees garden watering to ensure plants are never over-watered and watering is done to a pre-defined soil wetness level. The system consists of a sensor that accurately measures the wetness of the soil and is cabled to a smart controller, which is connected to the watering system controller. It oversees the scheduled watering program and determines whether watering is needed. If the sensor reads that the soil is dry then normal watering is carried out, but if the sensor reads that the soil is already wet then watering is suspended to prevent unnecessary water use. The system easily connects with most domestic and urban automatic watering systems and the soil moisture level is controlled via a simple dial setting on the AquaBlu regulator. Multi-zone installations ensure correct watering where different plants have different watering requirements and the easy installation of the sensor to any required depth means it is ideal for monitoring the soil moisture levels of shallow-rooted plants, such as grass.
The Aquaspy is a multi-probe technology, ideal for golf, turf, commercial (cotton, viticulture, horticulture, tree crops, vegetables, and pasture and broad acre applications), government and residential applications. Easy to use and durable, the system challenges the inefficiencies of traditional methods of irrigation with a simple ‘plug and play’ technology. A radical new design for both above ground and subsurface installation delivers improvements in both sensor accuracy and reliability. A sensor every 4 inches (10cm) provides comprehensive information on soil water dynamics, enabling irrigation to be matched to crop water requirements for improved yield, quality and enhanced water sustainability.
The payback for the customer for use of these products is a potential reduction in water use for irrigation of anything from 20-70% depending on the application. The technologies are robust, flexible and cost efficient. Created in Australia in conjunction with design firm Tiller + Tiller, both the AquaSpy and AquaBlu have international distribution in the US, New Zealand, Chile, Mexico, Argentina, Spain, the Middle East, China, India and Europe. | <urn:uuid:d21df89c-30b2-4a45-86dd-0ea3d08547f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newatlas.com/water-svaing-soil-moisture-monitoring/8459/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.914055 | 484 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Washington, D.C.—A new report released today shows how harsh drug policies have spurred the overuse of pretrial detention in Latin America, disproportionately affecting women who may spend months, or even years, locked up for non-violent drug offenses before ever stepping foot in a courtroom.
Data compiled and analyzed by three human rights, research and advocacy groups—the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA), the International Drug Policy Consortium (IDPC), and Dejusticia—found that across most of Latin America a higher proportion of women than men are awaiting trial behind bars. In many countries, a significant percentage of these women are locked up for non-violent drug offenses. The report underscores the critical need for policymakers across the region to reform harsh drug laws and restrict the use of pretrial detention.
“Aggressive drug laws are filling up Latin America’s prisons with women, many of whom are forced to go into the drug trade because they have no alternative way of supporting their families,” said WOLA Program Associate and report author Teresa García Castro. “These women often spend years in overcrowded prisons waiting to see a judge, with devastating consequences for their lives, their families and the broader community.”
The report found that, amid a dramatic increase in Latin America’s female prison population over the past 20 years, a significant percentage of women are languishing in pretrial detention. In countries like Mexico, the percentage of women in pretrial detention is around 20 percent higher than for men. In Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru, around half of the women in pretrial detention are incarcerated for drug offenses.
“Latin American policymakers should recognize that locking up significant numbers of women to await trial for low-level, non-violent drug offenses does not create more just or safer communities, nor does it reduce the scale of the illicit drug market,” asserts Marie Nougier, IDPC Head of Research and Communications.
While several Latin American countries have taken steps in recent years to reduce excessive use of pretrial detention, these measures remain woefully inadequate. The report recommends a number of reforms, including adopting legal restrictions to limit the use of pretrial detention to exceptional cases, promoting non-custodial alternatives, and removing the obligation to impose pretrial detention for a specific offense, such as drug offenses. All of these measures should incorporate a gender-specific approach to alleviate the disproportionate impact of pretrial detention on women. For instance, the use of pretrial detention should be prohibited for pregnant women or women with dependents.
“International law makes it clear that pretrial detention should only be used as a last resort, but criminal justice systems across Latin America continue to employ it all too frequently and often arbitrarily,” notes Luis Felipe Cruz, a researcher at Dejusticia. “Addressing this problem entails reforming the overly punitive drug laws driving incarceration rates across the region, while recognizing that women are bearing the brunt of these unjust policies.”
Notes to the Editor:
About IDPC: IDPC is a global network of 180+ NGOs that promotes objective and open debate on the effectiveness, direction and content of drug policies at the national and international level, and supports evidence-based policies that are effective at reducing drug-related harm.
About WOLA: WOLA is a leading research and advocacy organization advancing human rights in the Americas.
About Dejusticia: Dejusticia is a Colombia-based research and advocacy organization dedicated to the strengthening of the rule of law and the promotion of social justice and human rights in Colombia and the Global South.
Contact the author: Teresa Garcia Castro | Email: [email protected] | Tel: +1 (347) 406-4656 | <urn:uuid:da3cf6e0-4308-4e78-bfbd-43ecb6519e61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://idpc.net/media/press-releases/2019/06/report-launch-latin-america-s-overuse-of-pretrial-detention-is-disproportionately-affecting-women | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.923134 | 776 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Browsing SUNY Polytechnic Institute by Subject "refugees"
Now showing items 1-2 of 2
Design and Implement a Photo Gallery website for Snapshots of Resettlement: A Digital Showcase of Images and Stories of Resettled Refugees in Utica, NYThe concept for this project originated from the acceptance of Dr. Kathryn Stam's proposed photos essay idea of Bhutanese-Nepali refugees in Utica, NY to the journal Himalaya (http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya). The Snapshots of Resettlement project is an extension of the concepts in the Refugees Starting Over in Utica, NY website (http://www.startingoverutica.com) but has been implemented such that it is an independent entity. This paper will explore the technology platforms used to create the Snapshots of Resettlement online photo gallery. It will also provide an overview of design and implementation decisions made through the duration of this project. In addition, this paper will offer details on select information design principles used in this project’s implementation.
Developing Content for a Cross-Cultural Website: Integrating Web Strategies, Cultural Considerations and Blogging TechniquesUsing new technologies to create an online and community presence for diverse cultures requires extensive planning and strategizing. This paper illustrates some of the issues and methods to consider when developing content for a cross-cultural website and establishing a foundation for a novice user to take over. The purpose of the project behind this paper was to promote awareness on a Bhutanese-Nepali refugee group who resettled in Utica, New York and educate the community on their Hindu religion and cultural practices. A group of graduate students who worked with the refugees built a userfriendly website (https://hauny001.wordpress.com), created content that would set the right tone and provide useful information and implemented an effective marketing strategy. | <urn:uuid:c4882a37-d13b-440e-96b1-cc83045b2f7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/9/browse?type=subject&value=refugees | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.897268 | 393 | 1.609375 | 2 |
(Sputnik) – On Saturday, US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin had a brief on-the-go meeting on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Vietnam, during which they approved a joint statement on Syria.
“The United States and Russia can effectively work together and we have been effectively collaborating in the effort to combat international terrorism,” Russian Ambassador to the US Anatoly Antonov said on Monday.
The paper, prepared by experts from the two countries and coordinated between Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and US State Secretary Rex Tillerson, stipulates that the two leaders confirmed their determination to jointly fight against the Daesh terrorist group until its full defeat.
“The contacts of our two presidents and the documents that were approved by our two presidents in Danang [APEC summit host city], raise certain optimism. It has been clearly stated that we have common goals and tasks,” the ambassador added.
The United States is leading an anti-terror coalition of dozens of nations in Iraq and Syria. The activities of the coalition in Syria are not authorized by the UN Security Council or by Damascus. Moscow launched its anti-terrorist operation in the country on September 30, 2015, at the request of the Syrian government. | <urn:uuid:4bd6fed1-2182-49d8-a04a-437a42b59277> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theduran.com/russian-ambassador-us-says-two-countries-can-fight-terror-together/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.963852 | 259 | 1.851563 | 2 |
- 1 What does Greek yogurt do for your body?
- 2 Is eating Greek yogurt everyday good for you?
- 3 Why Greek yogurt is bad for you?
- 4 What happens if you eat yogurt everyday?
- 5 Is Greek yogurt better than regular yogurt?
- 6 Can Greek yogurt make you gain weight?
- 7 What happens if you eat too much Greek yogurt?
- 8 What is the best time to eat yogurt?
- 9 Is it OK to eat yogurt at night?
- 10 Is Greek yogurt high in sugar?
- 11 Should I eat Greek yogurt before bed?
- 12 Is Greek yoghurt inflammatory?
- 13 What are the side effects of eating yogurt?
- 14 What is the healthiest yogurt you can eat?
- 15 What is the best time to eat banana?
What does Greek yogurt do for your body?
Greek yogurt is an excellent source of calcium, which can help improve bone health. It also contains probiotics, which support a healthy bacterial balance in the gut. Eating Greek yogurt may be associated with lower blood pressure and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.
Is eating Greek yogurt everyday good for you?
Two cups of Greek yogurt per day can provide protein, calcium, iodine, and potassium while helping you feel full for few calories. But maybe more importantly, yogurt provides healthy bacteria for the digestive tract which can affect the entire body.
Why Greek yogurt is bad for you?
1. Because Greek yogurt can be made with bones and bugs. As with many yogurts, some Greek varieties add gelatin, which is made by boiling animals’ skin, tendons, ligaments, or bones. Many also add carmine to make the yogurt appear to contain more fruit than it does.
What happens if you eat yogurt everyday?
Yogurt has been consumed by humans for hundreds of years. It’s very nutritious, and eating it regularly may boost several aspects of your health. For example, yogurt has been found to reduce the risk of heart disease and osteoporosis, as well as aid in weight management.
Is Greek yogurt better than regular yogurt?
Regular and Greek yogurt are made from the same ingredients but differ in nutrients. While regular yogurt tends to have fewer calories and more calcium, Greek yogurt has more protein and less sugar — and a much thicker consistency. Both types pack probiotics and support digestion, weight loss, and heart health.
Can Greek yogurt make you gain weight?
The Bottom Line. Though many diet foods are branded healthy, they may destroy your weight loss efforts. Products like smoothies, frozen yogurt and low-fat snack foods can negatively impact your health and even cause you to gain weight.
What happens if you eat too much Greek yogurt?
Eating two to three containers of yogurt every day can add around 500 calories and close to 100 grams of sugar to the daily diet. This can cause unwanted weight gain and increase the risk of diabetes. There have been gastroenteritis outbreaks in the past because of the use of unpasteurized milk in yogurt.
What is the best time to eat yogurt?
Greek yogurt Greek yogurt is another excellent source of protein to eat in the morning. Greek yogurt is thick and creamy and contains more protein than regular strained yogurt. Greek yogurt is also rich in calcium and contains probiotics that help support a healthy gut and immune system.
Is it OK to eat yogurt at night?
Curd and yoghurt can actually impair digestion, if you have a weak digestive system and eat them at night. “People with digestion issues such as acidity, acid reflux or indigestion should avoid yoghurt or curd at night as it can cause constipation when the system is sluggish and sleep-ready.
Is Greek yogurt high in sugar?
Any plain Greek yogurt with no added sugar will still list some sugar on the nutritional label, anywhere between 6 and 12 grams, depending on the brand and size of the container. What that represents is the natural sugar found in milk, called lactose.
Should I eat Greek yogurt before bed?
Yogurt. Yogurt, especially Greek yogurt is a great late night snack that works to promote sleep, but also has many other health benefits. It’s packed with important nutrients, such as calcium, B-12, and potassium. In addition, it is also full of probiotics; which are ‘good bacteria’ that boost digestive health.
Is Greek yoghurt inflammatory?
Yogurt protein and probiotics, such Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles. In several interventional studies, daily yogurt consumption has been shown to prevent gut microbiota alteration, a common consequence of chronic opioid use.
What are the side effects of eating yogurt?
There aren’t many reported side effects, but there have been cases of people getting sick from yogurt contaminated with disease-causing bacteria. Be careful to choose yogurt that has been prepared and stored properly.
What is the healthiest yogurt you can eat?
The Healthiest Yogurts To Eat When You’re On A Diet
- 1 of 8. Don’t forget to pin it for later!
- Siggi’s. 2 of 8. Siggi’s Skyr Plain Non-Fat Yogurt.
- Siggi’s. 3 of 8. Siggi’s Skyr Orange And Ginger Non-Fat Yogurt.
- Fage. 4 of 8. Fage Total 0 Percent Greek Yogurt.
- Fage. 5 of 8.
- Dannon. 6 of 8.
- Chobani. 7 of 8.
- Stonyfield. 8 of 8.
What is the best time to eat banana?
But it’s best to avoid eating bananas for dinner, or after dinner. It may lead to mucus formation, and indigestion. Nutritionist Nishi Grover recommends that one should have bananas before workouts to get some energy, but never at night. | <urn:uuid:ee167726-2967-4f58-a088-ed5b1b45c8d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marthascapecod.com/yogurt/what-are-the-benefits-of-greek-yogurt.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945055 | 1,270 | 2.421875 | 2 |
In my many years of practice experience I feel I have learned some basic truths about chiropractic and healing. When I say “truths,” I simply mean things I have observed that seem to hold true in case after case, examples that relate to universal ideas and concepts not exclusively to the chiropractic profession. I would like to share these with you now. Though I do not practice “network” chiropractic exclusively any more, many of these truths have been found in the thoughts and teachings of this type of profound work. The rest is from various sources. It is my pleasure to share these discoveries.
#1- The shape of our spine determines our experience of life. This can be obvious and easy to understand if someone has a serious impairment, but what about more subtle concepts? An artist can depict their subject’s emotional state with a slight head tilt or rounded shoulder; not even a facial expression is necessary for us to portray the feelings of the artist’s subject. It’s simple, our emotional state is revealed in our posture. The converse is true as well. According to Tony Robbins, renowned motivational speaker, we can change our emotional state by simply adjusting our posture. Try it sometime when you are feeling sad or depressed. Lift your head, level your chin and bring your shoulders back take a deep breath and see what happens. Some postural patterns become stuck or engrained. Also, some patterns may be difficult to change by simply repositioning ourselves. Deep postural release through proper chiropractic care can lead to profound healing on many levels.
2- Some tension patterns do not do well if a forceful thrust is applied to the spine. Ever kicked a tire that had too much air in it? The concept of different types of subluxations being addressed by gentle and traditional force applications, each at the proper time, was central to the early teachings of “network’ chiropractic. No wine before its time, or “no forceful adjustment if the body is defending the area.” These ideas if properly applied help the patient feel honored, seen and appreciated where they are in their healing process and can achieve maximum results as well.
3- The nervous system has a vibrational quality that is altered by the tension of our spine and central nervous system. Chiropractic adjustments effect this tension and quality. This shouldn’t be too far a stretch for most Asheville residents who speak of vibrations all the time. Tension and its resulting effect on the tonal quality of the central nervous system has a profound effect on how we feel and express ourselves. Compare this to a stringed musical instrument. There is an optimal amount of tension or absence of tension needed for great music to be played. Certain tension may create a posture and feeling of defensiveness. Other tensions and the resultant postural patterns are associated with a feeling of powerlessness or conversely, self-empowerment. The expression “he’s all wound up” may help us to understand this and get the universality of this concept. A great example? Watch Tiger Woods walk. His posture is that of a champion that puts fear into his adversaries. You can almost imagine the superhero cape flapping behind his shoulders.
4-Poor lifestyle is just as harmful to the spine and nervous system as physical trauma. Poor diet, lack of exercise, or emotional trauma can cause physical pain that mimics or creates physical trauma. Pain is not always physical. By removing the pain, without addressing the causes may allow one to continue a destructive lifestyle that leads to future decline. Often we do need to simply be patched up to continue on a necessary but hurtful life path. Hopefully this is temporary and real healing comes with adjustment and the lifestyle changes, best if sooner than later.
6- Here I share my favorite Chinese proverb. “You are only as old as your spine and your knees”. If you will, picture in your mind’s eye a very unhealthy person suffering the torment of old age. My guess is that your picture includes a really bad spine with the twists of a bonsai tree the turns and stiffness commonly associated with poor aging and a life of unresolved trauma. We are expected to live longer now so take care of your spine. Eat right, stretch, exercise and get adjusted. The inclusion of these three simple practices could save our lives as well as the national deficit.
Finally, the spine and indeed our bodies are magnificent and self-healing. Chiropractic philosophy expounds that for the body to function properly it simply needs no interference. The chiropractic adjustment removes interference by correcting blockages in the nerve pathways and the communication of the central nervous system with the rest of the body. The body moves more freely reducing wear and tear that leads to arthritis, illness and dis-ease. Spinal adjustments are good for every “body.” Call your local chiropractor for a spinal check up today. ” | <urn:uuid:20958c13-4e7e-4d88-bbb2-bc58b2f40618> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.whittingtonchiropractic.com/everything-wanted-know-about-chiropractic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.95211 | 1,021 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Thursday 20 February 2020 4:32pm
While endocrinologist and transgender health care specialist Dr John Delahunt was “surprised and gratified” that his colleagues had put his name forward for a 2020 New Year Honour, he says “I was just doing the job of an endocrinologist, and transgender came along”.
Dr Delahunt, who retired as a Senior Lecturer in Medicine at University of Otago Wellington in 2018, was awarded the Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit ONZM for services to endocrinology and the transgender community. He graduated MB ChB from Otago in 1966.
He was one of the first physicians in New Zealand to use gender affirming hormonal therapy and his award citation refers to the vital role he has played in the development of transgender health care, at a time when transphobia was common within society and the medical profession.
He provided a significant majority of transgender hormone treatment care in Wellington for more than 25 years. Some people relocated to Wellington to benefit from his approach. He also liaised with Agender New Zealand, a Wellington organisation supporting transgender people and their families.
Starting out in the late 1970s, Dr Delahunt says he didn’t choose to specialise in transgender, rather that endocrinology management has evolved over time and “every 10 years or so some major condition came along”, which required a new approach or therapy.
Prior to the 1980s many transwomen would go to Sydney or Melbourne both for hormone therapy and any subsequent surgery. While he could develop hormone therapy, Dr Delahunt says he was not qualified to deal with the psychological side of management, including “people’s understanding and motivation of why they wanted to change”.
His work in the 1980s included management of hirsutism in women and gynaecologic endocrinology. With this background ‘it was fairly straightforward to provide hormone treatment for male to female transition. We did not have experience with the long-term responses to treatment and so followed people through their transition and beyond”.
When they began working with the hormone therapies in Wellington they reduced the female hormone doses to physiologic levels, and worked through regimes to suppress male hormone. Only 2-5 people a year wanted gender change hormones. Mostly people were in their thirties to fifties. Most were seeking male to female transition and had been clear about their gender identity for decades.
“We were lucky in the 1980s to have a joint transgender clinic with a Professor of Psychology at Victoria University Wellington, Prof Tony Taylor. Sometime after Professor Taylor retired a psychologist in Wellington Hospital, Jo Nightingale, coordinated group of about 10 psychologists and psychiatrists who volunteered their services, each for one or two cases a year, outside the hospital service and without charge.”
From about 2000 case numbers increased, exponentially from about 2010, with significant numbers also seen in the Sexual Health service. Today, he says there is an additional new population of teenagers and people in their twenties who recognise themselves as transgender, either male to female or female to male and who also want hormone therapy from an earlier stage. Some GP and University Health practices have facilitated support groups for these people.
Study of Wellington Endocrine Service data
In 2018, Dr Delahunt, and his co-authors, published a study in the New Zealand Medical Journal based on an audit of data from the Wellington Endocrine Service.
The study found 438 people identifying as transgender were referred to the clinic between 1990 and 2016. The numbers increased from 1-10 per year in the 1990s, to 7-15 in the 2000s, 17-31 from 2010-2013 and 30, 65 and 92 in the three subsequent years. It also showed further increases in referrals from people under the age of 30, as well as a growing number requesting female-to-male therapy, which now is almost the same figure as male-female therapy.
The report says the rise in people identifying as transgender seems likely to be related to the increasing societal awareness and acceptance of gender diversity. “Part of it is that society is more accepting,” says Dr Delahunt.
As well as this, access to the internet and discussion with peers may affirm a sense of transgender identity, improve understanding regarding options and increase confidence, leading to requests for physical transition options.
He says because of the surge in teenagers identifying as transgender it is mandatory for a psychiatrist to be involved in pre-treatment assessment. “However, previously there had been a major gap in New Zealand, in that most endocrinologists could not access publicly-funded psychiatric services for transgender assessment.”
One of the study’s recommendations is that an integrated, multidisciplinary approach needs to be developed to provide transgender guidance and services. These multidisciplinary groups should include primary care as well as secondary care endocrine, sexual health, mental health, paediatric where relevant and ultimately include the range of surgical specialists.
He says there is a need for joint meetings between the professional groups, so that clinicians can share their experience.
“We need to set up protocols, compare outcomes, and develop the working rules which respond to an individual’s issues.
“Please keep doing audits – both on those who have and who have not been treated.
“We need to continue this and extend it to New Zealand-wide. We need a combined audit to judge where society is going and where the resources should be.”
A career in Endocrinology
As a career, Dr Delahunt says endocrinology is “a very nice subject, as most people do get better. Over time, as technology or treatments became available we had to take up specific issues, and develop protocols ourselves. Examples were hyperprolactinaemia, hyperparathyroidism, precocious puberty, osteoporosis, menopause, changes in thyroid cancer and diabetes management. Guidelines for management could take decades to come out so that initially we had to use what was in the literature, perhaps set up a working group, and follow the outcome in a group of patients. Transgender management followed the same process.
“I’ve followed some patients for 10, 15, 20 years, a few from the age of five or six years. I have known many people I admire – who I might have caught up with once or twice a year. That component of clinical work is very rewarding.”
Dr Delahunt remains an honorary lecturer in the Department of Medicine at University of Otago Wellington, still attending journal and case discussions.
“To be able to follow the development of your profession as a hobby during retirement is very satisfying.” | <urn:uuid:2433939d-36ed-4aa2-992e-5b8c579a4e1f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.otago.ac.nz/alumni/news/john-delahunt.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.97537 | 1,388 | 1.75 | 2 |
A video showing something unusual in Charlie Chaplin’s 1928 film ‘The Circus‘ has gone viral on the web.
Earlier today I noticed that ‘Charlie Chaplin’ was trending on Twitter – not exactly the first online destination I would associate with the great silent comedian.
It turns out all the fuss was about a YouTube video which has amassed over 1.5 million views.
Posted by George Clarke from Belfast, it shows a woman in the Chaplin film holding something to her head.
On his YouTube page he says:
“My only theory – as well as many others – is simple… a time traveller on a mobile phone”
Amazingly his theory that this could be evidence of time travel (!) has been picked up by the likes of BBC News, who have the story under the ludicrous headline ‘Has Belfast film-maker found time travel evidence?’
I know that Deloreans were built in Northern Ireland but is he really suggesting that this woman actually went back in time?
And why are people quoting him like there might be a shred of truth to this?
The AP offer a more sensible explanation:
It’s likely the actor is holding a hearing aid, but that hasn’t stopped the video from amassing more than two million views on YouTube.
I’m sure the fact that some Charlie Chaplin DVDs are released in a couple of weeks is a total and utter coincidence (notice he mentions the name of the DVD label). | <urn:uuid:3fb1e1e3-18b9-403f-a0ed-dc6f868d4904> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.filmdetail.com/2010/10/28/charlie-chaplin-viral-video-time-travel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967922 | 311 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Civil War CDV Confederate General Sterling Price
Civil War Carte de visite of Confederate General Sterling Price. Major-General Sterling Price (September 14, 1809 September 29, 1867) was an American slave owner and senior officer of the Confederate States Army who fought in both the Western and Trans-Mississippi theaters of the American Civil War. He rose to prominence during the MexicanAmerican War and served as governor of Missouri from 1853 to 1857. He is remembered today for his service in Arkansas (18621865) and for his defeat at the Battle of Westport on October 23, 1864.
The item "Civil War CDV Confederate General Sterling Price" is in sale since Sunday, November 28, 2021. This item is in the category "Collectibles\Militaria\Civil War (1861-65)\Original Period Items\Photographs".rains" and is located in Lawrence, Kansas.
This item can be shipped to United States.
- Conflict: Civil War (1861-65)
- Theme: Militaria
- Original/Reproduction: Original
- Country/Region of Manufacture: United States
- Modified Item: No | <urn:uuid:151f1358-225c-47c4-93e0-fcd49ae4f53a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://onecivilwargeneral.com/civil_war_cdv_confederate_general_sterling_price.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939517 | 244 | 1.898438 | 2 |
It’s a common myth that Apple computers don’t get viruses. It’s not uncommon for a Mac user to chime in and say, “you should have gotten a Mac,” when a PC user mentions getting a virus or malware.
Let’s unpack this myth, and talk a little about how, no matter what technology you have, you need to protect it.
In short, the answer is yes, absolutely. Apple computers can get infected with malware like viruses and ransomware. Macs can also suffer from other typical PC problems, such as hardware failure, data loss, slowing down over time, crashes, and more.
So where did this misinformation come from? Why do so many casual users tend to think that Macs don’t suffer from the same issues as the Windows PC?
Once place to start is Apple’s own (brilliant) advertising. You have to admit, Apple has had some very memorable advertisements over the years. In fact, one of my favorite ad campaigns may be one of the reasons that so many people think that Macs are immune to viruses.
These ads are cute and charming and feel honest enough to be true.
To Apple’s credit, no lies are being told in the ad. Swarms of new viruses are created for Windows PCs every year, and many of these viruses can’t infect Mac computers. Macs still get viruses, but there are definitely more variants out there for PC. Why is this?
In 2018, it was estimated that for every 10 active PCs on the Internet, there was only one Mac. If roughly 90% of the world runs on Microsoft Windows, it makes much more sense for hackers to develop viruses that would affect this broader target.
Most businesses use PCs. Most schools and universities use PCs. In fact, most industries tend to use PCs. Most home computing is done on PC as well.
That isn’t to say that there is anything wrong with a Mac. Apple makes incredibly solid laptops, and extremely capable desktops. The problem lies with third-party developers. For many businesses, certain core applications don’t have Mac versions. On top of that, when compared to the PC market, Apple doesn’t have a low-end tier for hardware. Your billing department doesn’t need the same computer that your video editor would use, and there isn’t a reason to spend that kind of money on a high-end Mac when a mid-range PC will handle the workload just fine. There really isn’t anything that you can do on a $2000 MacBook that you can’t do on a $2000 Windows laptop - at that point it’s just about preference and what works for your business. On the flipside, there are some limitations to what you can do on that Mac; when it comes to easily connecting and using a business network that’s designed for PCs, and when it comes to the software mentioned above.
Yes sir. Although historically, there haven’t been as many viruses targeting Macs over the years, and it’s always felt like Macs might have a slightly lower risk, that has been changing. According to a recent report by Malwarebytes, the amount of malware on Macs is actually outpacing PCs for the first time ever. It sounds like hackers are relying on the complacency of Mac users.
Malwarebytes goes on to report that there was a 400 percent increase in threats on Mac devices between 2018 and 2019.
Mac users need to worry about the same threats, and practice the same security hygiene as any other computer user. Whether you have a Mac or PC, you need proper antivirus software, strong passwords, and common sense.
For your business, of course, you also need to protect all the endpoints on your network, prevent phishing attacks, and educate your end users. Advanced2000 can help with this. Reach out to us by calling (703) 370-7520 and ask how we can help secure your network. | <urn:uuid:15e97780-25bd-492e-9fa3-beea3e181497> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.advanced2000.com/blog/macs-are-not-immune-to-cybersecurity-threats | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.955242 | 845 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Student Startups is a bi-weekly series created by Techvibes to highlight Canada’s talented student entrepreneurs. Across the country, bright minds with brilliant ideas are launching businesses before they even graduate from school. We want to recognize and celebrate these ambitious youngsters, who refuse to let studying for exams hinder their drive to succeed as entrepreneurs. Student Startups profiles cover both the startups and the students behind them—in their own words.
In our fourth edition, we’ve got a University of Toronto student pitching his new venture, Thing.to.
Everybody has innovative ideas—not just entrepreneurs and corporations. And, far too often, these ideas are merely just scribbled on a napkin, or worse, forgotten entirely. But what if they could be made? Brought to fruition? What if they could actually make everybody’s life a little easier?
Thing.to aims to voice these everyday ideas to the world, making innovation a social experience. You can post, browse, and share ideas while interacting with other thinkers and entrepreneurs. Because, don’t you want a thing to…?
The Thing.to platform, now in beta, is the new napkin. Every time you have a good idea—or wish something was invented—don’t jot it down, don’t wait, and don’t forget it. Instead, post it on Thing.to for everyone to see. People, entrepreneurs, and corporations alike will read and rate your ideas. If they like it, they may develop it. If they want to know more about it (or partner up), they can message you. People can even share ideas across social media using Twitter and Facebook integration. Meanwhile, each idea’s public applause shows how in-demand it really is.
And it’s not limited to your computer: share your ideas wherever you go with the Thing.to iPhone app. Next time you’re in a cafe or on the road, you know where to reach (after pulling over, of course).
So from here, don’t watch as Thing.to evolves, but grow with it from the ground floor. As more ideas are posted, and innovation is born, further Thing.to features and interactivity will develop with the aim of connecting businesses to consumers. For today, it’s an idea for ideas.
Finally, a truly social approach to innovation.
Aaron Lundin Shapland is a Canadian entrepreneur and designer. He first ventured into the tech world as a high school senior with the founding of OpusExpo, an eBook store that predated the Kindle, Kobo, Nook, and iPad.
In late 2010, he co-founded the Vordik Corporation, a small web development agency where he currently serves as CEO. This year, he graduates from the University of Toronto, moving on to charter a future in startups, business development, and technological innovation.
If you’re a student entrepreneur and want to tell the world about your startup, let us know. | <urn:uuid:5cb8c864-2808-4d00-a419-5e9d37a07011> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brainstation.io/magazine/student-startup-4-the-university-of-torontos-thingto-aka-the-new-napkin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.930886 | 642 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Make skin look perfect in one-click with these AI-powered Photoshop actions.
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create 3D text in Illustrator then transfer it to Photoshop to apply the effects. You’ll learn how to apply styles to regular 3D text to create a stunning design.
Preview of Final Result
Dazzling 3D Text Effect Photoshop Tutorial
Step 1 - Create a New Document
Open Photoshop. Choose File > New or press Ctrl/Command + N. I'm using wallpaper size of 1440px (width) X 900px (height) but you can use any size you wish.
Step 2 - Creation of 3D Text
We are going to start creating 3D text with the help of Illustrator. First you need to type the text in Illustrator. You can use any text you want. I'm just using the text "FX". Open Illustrator, select the Type Tool and write the text. After typing change the font to "Hobo Std Medium".
Step 3 - Coloring the Text
Change the color of the text. For "F" use blue (#094569) and for "X" use dark orange (#AB7D1B). Your image should look like the one below.
Step 4 - Adding 3D Effect to the Text
You need to create 3D solid text. To do that go to Menu > Effect > 3D > Extrude & Bevel...
Set the dialog similarly as on the picture below.
Step 5 - Placing the Background Color
Once you´re done with the 3D text move back to Photoshop and change the background color to blue (#000b12).
Step 6 - Placing 3D Text in Photoshop
In this step you're going to place the 3D text in Photoshop. Copy the text from Illustrator and paste it in Photoshop. Select the layer with the text, right click on it and choose Rasterize Layer.
Step 7 - Separating Text
Now you are going to separate the text into two parts. Select the Rectangular Marquee Tool (M) and make selection of the letter "X". Press Ctrl + X to cut and Ctrl + V to paste the letter. Align the text accordingly.
Step 8 - Dodge Tool Settings
You need to create highlights on the text. Select the Dodge Tool (O) from tools and follow the brush settings as you can see in the image below.
Step 9 - Adding Highlights
Paint with the Dodge Tool over the areas you want to highlight. You can get inspiration from the image bellow.
Step 10 -Adding More Highlights
Follow the step 9 and create more highlight spots on the circled areas.
Step 11 - Adding Shadows
Once you´re done with highlights, you need to create shadows on the opposite side of the shape. Select the Burn Tool (O) from the tools and paint the shadows. | <urn:uuid:1917e78e-2756-4fb7-ab8e-86cdd1dc61d8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.photoshoptutorials.ws/photoshop-tutorials/text-effects/create-dazzling-3d-text-effect-photoshop/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.807302 | 600 | 2.421875 | 2 |
If you’ve managed a property for any length of time, you know that budgeting is hard. It’s also critical to preserving predicted property values and keeping operational planning on track. So how do you maintain a healthy operating budget and a healthy relationship with your tenants? What if something unexpected happens? How do you plan ahead? In the realm of property management, these tasks seem daunting, but we promise, they don’t have to be! With the right data and a proper understanding of all aspects of your property, you’ll be budgeting like a pro in no time.
Before we dive into the specifics of operational budgeting, we’re taking a moment to zoom out and look at the components that make up a property’s entire budget. At its core, budgeting is simply projecting income and expenses for the upcoming year. But how do you actually do that? In part, you will use past data to predict future performance. With the right tools, that’s the easy part. The harder part is setting targets. If your plan is to reduce expenses or increase revenue over the year, how will you accomplish that, and in what timeframe? And don’t forget — you’ll have to report on variance as well. To get a full picture of a property’s budget, there are five main areas you’ll need to project.
It’s no secret that a large portion of your budget is spent on utilities. Understanding the ins and outs of your utility bill is important in order to budget properly. It’s imperative to know whether you’re being charged fairly and if and where you can cut expenses. Luckily for you, we’re here with some pro tips for reading your building’s utility bill, with everything from metrics to overall charges.
Energy companies use the metrics of kW and kWh. But what does that mean, and what’s the difference between them? Put simply, a kW (kilowatt) is a unit of power measuring the energy consumed at a specific moment. On the other hand, a kWh (kilowatt-hour) measures the total energy consumed during a particular time period. Remember that a kWh is not kilowatts-per-hour, but a unit measuring the total energy consumed over time. In other words, kW is the energy demand of your building while kWh is its energy consumption and usually what you will find on your utility bill.
In general, your bill will have four main charges: generation (the actual production of electricity), transmission (the energy’s movement, i.e. from power lines), distribution (the energy’s movement into your building via poles, lines, meters, and workers maintaining them), and surcharges (any additional fees such as taxes). The total kWh consumed per building, multiplied by different energy rates, will provide your energy bill based on those four charges. Recognizing these, you’ll see where your energy is coming from, figure out what is using more or less than it should, and determine what you can do about it.
And what can you do about it? Start by comparing data! Particularly, keep an eye on your meters; they tell you how much energy you’re using, but they also tell the utility company the same thing. If they are faulty, you won’t notice if there is a problem in your building sapping away energy. If they are working properly, there could still be an issue with the data they’re communicating, requiring you to verify all is as it should be and make sure everyone is on the same page about the energy your building consumes. Similarly, with real-time data analytics, you can monitor your overall energy consumption and compare spikes to higher bills, eliminating any surprises. Staying on top of the data, whether it’s monitoring trends or checking to ensure your meters are working properly, can make a big difference in your utility bill, helping you stay on budget and plan for the future.
Property managers are all too familiar with the budget variances that come with monthly expenses. The problem with budgeting is that, no matter how hard you try, you can’t predict every possible outcome. Building occupancy fluctuates unexpectedly, unplanned modifications occur, or major equipment might break down. While there’s nothing you can do about these unexpected events, there is something you can do to make sure your budget is ready and able to handle them.
Budget variance isn’t always so straightforward and easy to account for, like a result of broken equipment, for example, and utilities play a big part in that. What if a budget overage occurs without such a clear-cut reason? How do you explain a seemingly random change in utility consumption from previous months?
For one thing, utilities are traditionally considered to be one of the hardest-to-predict expenses. Their billing periods rarely line up with calendar months, so manual budget calculations are often prone to errors. This is where the right technology makes all the difference. Utility budget management tools shed light on the changes in your utilities causing that seemingly unexplainable variance. With real-time monitoring and access to historical data, you’ll have the knowledge needed, such as if and how the weather or occupancy has affected energy usage, to pinpoint any potential issues and navigate budget variance.
At Aquicore, we’ve also come up with 3 key methods of cost-effective utility budgeting that will be sure to help you keep those pesky costs under wraps. First, understand your load shapes. Real-time data is a great way to visualize the energy consumed, allowing you to pinpoint any problems. Second, use a smart blended rate from your most recent bill, dividing consumption by total cost to estimate your utility spending. From these historical data points, you can more accurately predict where your future spending will fall.
And what about air quality? With all this focus on utilities, the actual product could become an afterthought, but property managers should keep it in mind when considering budgets. Tenants can fall ill both mentally and physically due to poor air quality in buildings, suffering such ailments as lethargy or even respiratory illnesses. That’s why it’s important to heed any complaints tenants have concerning the air, even if those boil down to simple discomfort. Pollutants such as smoke, mold and mildew, biological contaminants like rodent droppings or insects, and many others like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide weaken air quality. How do you ensure your building’s air is safe for tenants? Luckily, we’ve made a checklist! With regular cleaning and maintenance of your HVAC units and other equipment alongside monitoring and using proper filters and cleaning supplies, your tenants will remain happy and healthy, the most important aspect of commercial real estate.
Once you’ve accounted for utilities and air quality, it’s a good idea to give the same amount of focus to every other aspect of your budget. This process can be so exhaustive, it’s even earned its own name: Budget Season. To help you out, we’ve got some expert tips about surviving budget season to ensure you’re as ready as possible to face the upcoming year.
The kicker? Time. To stay on top of budgeting, you’ll want to give yourself plenty of time to work on it—some property managers begin working in earnest as early as July, but remember that it’s a year-long process! Make yourself a schedule and track expenses and any changes throughout the year. Making use of various technology platforms is a great way to maximize efficiency.
Another thing to look out for when budgeting is the changing trends in real estate. With the rise of concepts like coworking, the way tenants occupy buildings has changed. Two companies sharing a building might have different needs and even operating hours from one another, with these changes alongside many others affecting the costs of managing a building. Consider the tenant footprints of your buildings and determine which aspect of your budget to put more focus on.
Similarly, consider cybersecurity aspects in your budget. As the world and businesses become more and more entrenched in technology, cyberattacks could threaten an ordinary power grid at any moment. Given its ties to and dependence on energy usage, that puts commercial real estate at an especially high risk. What does that mean for CRE leaders? In this case, knowledge is the best weapon! Microgrids are an increasingly popular strategy of mitigation against grid disruption. Are they a worthy investment for your building, though? Determine whether microgrids are a viable and necessary option for your buildings, something that comes down to your tenants and companies themselves, and base your allocation of funds upon this knowledge.
We know you can’t account for everything in advance. In the midst of various disasters and uncertainties or potential cyberattack threats, maintaining a healthy operating budget becomes quite the challenge. Because of this, we’ve also come up with some tips to help you get through an atypical budget season. A budget is a balance of income and output, so one thing to be wary of is your general spending. Would adjusting building operations help you cut down? Small changes can make a big difference in your bottom line and will help you save for any necessary budget allocations, aspects especially important when things are a little—or a lot—abnormal. In that vein, plan for non-routine adjustments, changes in occupancy and operations, and other aspects you normally wouldn’t consider. Staying on top of things as much as possible will help you understand what is going on and, furthermore, keep you engaged with your tenants so everyone is on the same page and ready to face whatever comes.
For more tips and tricks, check out Aquicore’s Budgeting Essentials! We’ll give you everything you need to know about planning for and staying on budget, rounded up in a convenient little package to keep on hand or pass around the office. And don’t forget, while a large aspect, utilities are not the only thing to consider within an operating budget. Operations include all your revenue, expenses, and various other costs. By ensuring your utilities are under control, you’ll be able to devote more time to those variables that also need it, helping you keep your tenants happy and healthy and the company prosperous.
Speaking of variables, what if your budget needs a little bit of help in the upcoming season? What can you change to bolster it? Here’s an interesting trick: a French company called Qarnot Computing alongside many others like it, while selling computing power, is using waste heat from its computers to warm its customers, likely cutting down on overall utility costs in the process. Of course, it doesn’t have to be so complex. Small operational changes such as simply unplugging unused electronics can also significantly lower operating expenses whilst raising asset value. Consider your building and its tenants and decide what you can do to aid your budget. When even a small change can have a large impact, what’s stopping you?
Not only will you be helping the environment, but considering green alternatives to your energy-consuming habits can save you money in the long run.
As a property manager and commercial real estate professional, you are in a unique position to directly impact the environment and save money, and that’s no small feat! For instance, you could implement nighttime setbacks to your HVAC system, saving energy overnight as heating and cooling are reduced and subsequently lowering energy bills. You could install water-efficient toilets and achieve the same effects on your water bill. Of course, not every change will work for your building. That’s why one of the best things to do is engage your tenants in green efforts as well. Not only could they help to conserve energy and protect the environment, but their engagement is an important part of maintaining a relationship of trust. Taken further, you could even consider entering a green lease with those tenants and gain a leg up on the energy- and money-saving path of going green.
Not to mention, being eco-friendly often raises the value of your building itself, as well. In a world increasingly conscious of its own health, green office spaces are a growing trend, and making the leap toward such changes leaves you with a desirable space tenants will be happy to fill.
Buildings are unique, and not every solution will be right for yours. That doesn’t mean you can’t take budgeting into your own hands and master it, though! With careful planning and understanding, you’ll be on your way to consistent billing and a mastery of your budget.
Create ESG impact,
from portfolio to building. | <urn:uuid:bb2b6eb8-23b3-4f63-945f-1b4e214b60bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aquicore.com/operational-budgeting-cre | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.941194 | 2,629 | 1.96875 | 2 |
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