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Man it’s been a while since i’ve done anything with my weather station. I honestly got kinda burned out by it as I was thinking about all the work ahead of me so I stopped working on it for a while. However, recently my “Production” station in my hometown started experiencing more issues that prompted my attention. I started to get more and more RX Check emails from Zabbix, and weirdly it coordinated with weather events. When a storm moved in, my station would drop.
I’ve been getting sick of these drops. There doesn’t appear to be any reason for it. When I go out and test it, the solar panel works fine, and it typically works just fine over night. So is it a SuperCap issue? Panel? I have no clue. But the wireless setup has always given me issues at this location, however at my house, I’ve never had problems. So while the idea of replacing all the Davis Wireless is a great one, in the short term, it’s not really feasible.
Wireless isn’t the only option
It’s true! Davis makes a Cabled version of the VP2 that works exactly the same as the wireless, just over a long cable. I noticed on the VP2 board, there is a COMM port that looks just like the cabled. So I reached out on my local friendly wxforum and asked the question: https://www.wxforum.net/index.php?topic=42646.new#new. The inevitable occurred and I was told it couldn’t happen. BUT I did receive a reply asking about a trade. Sure enough, over about a 3 week period, I sent a guy in Canada my wireless console and ISS board from my home station, and he sent me his cabled console and ISS board. Now we’re talking! After reading around, it seems that the ISS sends data over RS422/RS485 and is encoded in a certain way. I found this post: https://www.wxforum.net/index.php?topic=32706.0 that even included a code sample! With this new info, I went to work.
Using the wiring guidance and some trial and error, I got the wired console reporting via the Arduino code, but on an ESP32. I had to change the serial number, apparently my board won’t let me use UART1, so I had to use UART2 for the RS485 board I got on Amazon. With that, I was greeted with readings!
So now that I have it reading, now I have to think about next steps. The nice thing is that the ISS Board does all the heavy lifting. Rain tips, wind speed/direction, etc. Those were all things I was gonna have to calculate with my Open Weather Station idea. So this skips a lot of steps.
Now that I know this works great, this changes how I plan to approach this, at least at my Production station. I want this to be low maintenance as possible. So my plan will be use an ESP32 board in an enclosure with battery, solar panel, and LTE Modem (CradlePoint) and use an ESP32 board with Ethernet. I have an Olimex EPS32-POE board that works awesome with MicroPython. I am planning on building this in MicroPython, because it’s what I know. So the next step is to take the Arduino code and understand what it is doing every step of the way, and translate that into Python. I also have to do other things, like monitor battery voltage on the ESP32 board, as well as monitor enclosure temp/humidity with a BME280. So there’s a few pieces to this puzzle.
Have I mentioned how much I love WeeWX? I found a “Driver” for WeeWX that allows WeeWX to ingest data from an MQTT Topic. I deployed WeeWX on a small EC2 instance, and used AWS IoT Device Simulator to simulate a weather station uploading at the same rate as the Davis ISS (2.5 seconds) and it works great! WeeWX ingests the “loop” data that i’m sending and creates archive entries into a database. It also can take random messages so I can send battery voltage every minute in a separate MQTT message and it’ll ingest that. Neat! So this way all I have to run on the ESP32 is MQTT and whatever I need to pull data from the sensors and i’m good. Makes the ESP32 a much better choice for the edge device over a Pi Zero.
So what’s next for the Open Weather Station Idea? I’m still pursuing it. I’ll have a separate post in regards to my thoughts on that, but for right now, I’m focused solely on creating a more reliable “Production” station using multiple Davis OEM pieces. | <urn:uuid:4130bea4-35a8-4eec-b4cb-5bb3850667bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.awszac.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959666 | 1,057 | 1.53125 | 2 |
17 mai 2018: Prof. Stanislas Dehaene
Jeudi 17 mai 2018
12h30, CMU - Auditoire Alex-F. Müller (A250)
"Pr. Stanislas Dehaene is a pioneer in the study of the neural bases of human cognitive functions such as reading, calculation and language, with a particular interest for the differences between conscious and non-conscious processing, and for the impact of education on the brain.
As the many accessible video clips show, Stanislas is an excellent communicator, a very clear and accessible speaker. He is the author of several books for the general public, including The Number Sense, Reading in the Brain, and Consciousness and the Brain, which are very successful. He has also created television documentaries and authored more than 300 scientific publications in journals such as Science, Nature, Nature Neuroscience and PNAS.
His talk this week will be of relevance to colleagues in neurosciences, but also to anyone interested in understanding how reading changes a child’s brain. Reading is both the result of human evolution and a major actor in our cultural explosion, for this invention, in turn, sharpened our mind.
Make sure you don’t miss his talk: this Thursday at 12.30PM in A250!"
Pedro Herrera, Host
Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine UNIGE
Professor at Collège de France, Paris
Director of the NeuroSpin Brain Imaging Center, Saclay, France
«Reading in the brain: new images of how education transforms us»
The remarkable plasticity of the human brain allows it to acquire new abilities through schooling and education. Reading acquisition recycles several pre-existing visual and auditory areas in order to reorient them to the processing of letters and phonemes. Comparisons of literate and illiterate brains have revealed three major sites of enhancement due to schooling: the early visual cortex, the « visual word form area » (a region specializing for the visual recognition of letter strings) and the planum temporale (a region involved in phonological processing). I will present a novel longitudinal study in which we repeatedly scanned individual children every two months during the first year of school. The results paint a detailed picture of how the ventral visual cortex and associated language areas are changed, and how reading acquisition competes with the cortical representation of faces. I will also show how mathematical affects brain activity, particularly by enhancing the responsivity to numbers and mathematical expressions in ventral visual cortex. I will conclude by discussing how our growing understanding of the neuroscience of reading and mathematics has important consequences for education.
Professor Stanislas Dehaene holds the Chair of Experimental Cognitive Psychology at the Collége de France in Paris. He directs the NeuroSpin center in Saclay, south of Paris - France's advanced neuroimaging research center.
His research investigates the neural bases of human cognitive functions such as reading, calculation and language, with a particular interest for the differences between conscious and non-conscious processing, and for the impact of education on the brain. His main research findings include the discovery of automatic links between numbers and space, and of the role of the intraparietal sulcus in number sense; the operation of the ''visual word form area'', a left occipito-temporal region which acquires the visual component of reading; and the identification of physiological responses unique to conscious processing, supporting the theory of a ''global neuronal workspace'' for consciousness.
The awards that Prof. Dehaene has accumulated during his career are numerous; among the latest are APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award (2015), Thomas Reuters Highly Cited Researcher (2014), and The Grete Lundbeck Brain Prize (with G. Rizzolatti and T. Robbins) (€ 1 million) (2014).
Prof. Dehaene is a member of six academies, including the British Academy, the American Philosophical Society, the French Académie des Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences USA. On April 2016 he received his second ERC advanced grant.
Prof. Dehaene is the author of several books for the general public, including The Number Sense, Reading in the Brain, and Consciousness and the Brain, which were translated into more than fifteen languages. He has also created three television documentaries, and authored more than 300 scientific publications in journals such as Science, Nature, Nature Neuroscience, and PNAS. 40 of his articles were cited more than 500 times.
Frontiers in biomedicine | <urn:uuid:6d6bac90-089d-4f0c-9e80-9a3b6c398033> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unige.ch/medecine/frontiers-in-biomedicine/17-mai-prof-stanislas-dehaene/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.931328 | 947 | 2.578125 | 3 |
The World of Saint Patrick
- By Philip Freeman
- Oxford University Press
- 240 pp.
- Reviewed by the Rev. Martin L. Smith
- September 15, 2014
Significant documents illuminate Christianity in Ireland and the life of Saint Patrick in the four centuries following his birth.
The World of Saint Patrick is a title that seems to promise a historical exploration of the social milieu of fifth-century Ireland. Instead, in this book, historian Philip Freeman has collected a series of major texts translated from Latin and Old Irish, spanning at least four centuries: sources for the life of Saint Patrick, together with several key examples from the literature of later Irish Christianity.
The preface to each document gives some historical information about its background, but these introductions are brief and modest in scope. Even taken together, they convey little sense of the extraordinary richness of the Irish church or its paramount importance to Europe as a center of learning, mission, and monastic culture in what used to be so misleadingly called the “Dark Ages.”
This is the first time these texts have been readily available to the general public in excellent translations. We can certainly be grateful for this access to primary sources, particularly when popular romanticized presentations of “Celtic Spirituality” often owe more to modern fantasy than authentic history.
Patrick was a key figure in the growth of Christianity in this remote island at the extreme edge of the known world. Born into a clerical family of the Roman-British nobility around 416 AD, he was captured by pirates as a teenager and subjected to a brutal life of slavery in Ireland.
Although he had rebelled against his family’s Christian beliefs in his early teens, his faith returned when he was in exile. After several years of suffering and prayer, he had a religious experience of God urging his escape. Once back in Britain, his faith deepened, and he heard a call to return to the scene of his slavery and to the risky work of commending the gospel to the Irish. He enjoyed a measure of success in the face of many obstacles, training and baptizing thousands of converts.
We meet him first in a letter he wrote to British warlord Coroticus, denouncing him for capturing and enslaving a group of men and women whom Patrick had converted and baptized, and demanding their release under the threat of eternal damnation. Then, in his Confession, we have an impassioned account of his own life and orthodox faith, written to support his rejection of a summons by a group of British bishops who had heard accusations relating to a sin he had indiscreetly divulged as a teenager and charges that he accepted bribes. These are the only sources certainly from Patrick’s own hand.
We get a sense of the gathering cult of Patrick as a saint and hero in the attribution to him of a series of church rules issued by a synod that probably met after his lifetime, our earliest glimpse into the formal life of the early Irish church as it struggled to put down roots in a pagan environment.
Then, in the Hymn of Saint Secundinus, we have a paean extolling Patrick’s virtues and achievements. His fame as a saint is firmly established two centuries after his death in a biography replete with miracles and legends, Muirchú’s Life of Saint Patrick.
The collection includes two deeply influential lives of Irish saints who were to enjoy tremendous popularity in Ireland and throughout Britain and Europe. Almost nothing is known about the actual ministry of Brigid, a prominent figure in the Irish church in the second half of the fifth century; Cogitosus’ Life of Saint Brigid is a fabulous record of miracles and wonders. Similarly, The Voyage of Saint Brendan, written in the ninth century, recounts a fabled journey of the saint and his intrepid band of monks by boat, on which they encounter all manner of prodigies of nature and monsters galore.
The World of Saint Patrick has been skillfully compiled for the benefit of readers interested in history, and the excellent bibliography will help those who want to pursue further study. For those who explore ancient texts for their spiritual inspiration, there are real but limited rewards in these texts. It is almost impossible for us to be more than visitors to a spiritual milieu in which there was such a deep fascination with the miraculous.
The collection does, however, include one glorious text that speaks to us today with undiminished spiritual power: a prayer to the Trinity for protection, written centuries after Patrick’s time, but attributed to him out of devotion. This is the famous “Breastplate of Saint Patrick,”also known under the hauntingly poetic title “The Cry of the Deer.”
Generations of Anglicans have sung a metrical translation of this Old Irish prayer in the rousing hymn beginning, “I bind unto myself this day, the strong name of the Trinity.” Philip Freeman’s own translation here is sinewy, robust, and beautiful. The prayer calls out to be memorized and used.
Martin L. Smith is an Episcopal priest, author, and retreat leader. He is the author of a number of books exploring contemporary spirituality, including A Season for the Spirit; The Word is Very Near You; Love Set Free; Reconciliation; and Compass and Stars. His latest book, written with the Rev. Julia Gatta, is Go in Peace: the Art of Hearing Confessions. | <urn:uuid:81d02d10-ccef-419f-a55f-e24f0c2cd2e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.washingtonindependentreviewofbooks.com/bookreview/the-world-of-saint-patrick | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967611 | 1,133 | 3.046875 | 3 |
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Job prosecutes the subject of his expostulation with his friends through the greater part of this chapter. He leaves discoursing with them, for a short space, and makes an earnest application to God.
(1) ¶ Lo, mine eye hath seen all this, mine ear hath heard and understood it. (2) What ye know, the same do I know also: I am not inferior unto you. (3) Surely I would speak to the Almighty, and I desire to reason with God. (4) But ye are forgers of lies, ye are all physicians of no value. (5) O that ye would altogether hold your peace! and it should be your wisdom. (6) Hear now my reasoning, and hearken to the pleadings of my lips. (7) Will ye speak wickedly for God? and talk deceitfully for him? (8) Will ye accept his person? will ye contend for God? (9) Is it good that he should search you out? or as one man mocketh another, do ye so mock him? (10) He will surely reprove you, if ye do secretly accept persons. (11) Shall not his excellency make you afraid? and his dread fall upon you? (12) Your remembrances are like unto ashes, your bodies to bodies of clay. (13) ¶ Hold your peace, let me alone, that I may speak, and let come on me what will. (14) Wherefore do I take my flesh in my teeth, and put my life in mine hand? (15) Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him: but I will maintain mine own ways before him. (16) He also shall be my salvation: for an hypocrite shall not come before him. (17) Hear diligently my speech, and my declaration with your ears.
In addition to the arguments Job had used before, he riseth up to another point of reasoning in those verses, and plainly tells his friends, that while they vainly supposed they were taking the part of GOD against him, they were really making the cause of GOD to suffer by their false counsel: for in so doing, and putting it down as a matter of fact, that afflictions were sure marks of displeasure, they were speaking wickedly for GOD. Hence, Job calls them, physicians of no value; and he should consider it their wisdom if the consciousness of this would make them hold their peace. Reader! let us by the way, make the same observation of all false reasoning to minds distressed; when men point not to that which can alone heal. A broken heart none can heal but JESUS: and whatever men direct to short of his blood and righteousness, are literally, like Job's counselors, physicians of no value.
(18) Behold now, I have ordered my cause; I know that I shall be justified. (19) Who is he that will plead with me? for now, if I hold my tongue, I shall give up the ghost.
One might have thought, had we not known otherwise, that Job had read Paul's challenge, Romans 8:33 . or that he had humbly borrowed those sweet words which the prophet useth in reference, as we may suppose, to the person of Jesus. Isaiah 50:7-8 . But, indeed, what Job had said before, that though GOD should slay him, yet would he trust in him, carries with it so noble an act of the most lively faith, as nothing but an eye to the righteousness of a Redeemer could produce. And that Job had those views, a subsequent part of his discourse with his friends very plainly, and very fully proves Job 19:25-26 .
READER! let you and I pause over this view of Job's confidence, and ask our own hearts whether, in our approaches now in ordinances, and looking forward to our appearance shortly before the judgment seat, when we shall stand before the throne, we have this well grounded assurance of acceptance in JESUS.
It is a grand question, and of all others the most important to be rightly known. Some are for postponing this enquiry, as if it could not be fully known until the last day. But let those who know not the scripture, neither the power of GOD, be content so to defer it. Let you and I see whether the knowledge is not attainable now, and under the conviction that it is, bring the blessed effects of it into present possession and enjoyment, that we may be the patient followers of them who now, through faith and patience, inherit the promises.
The LORD hath said he will be sanctified by all them that draw nigh unto him. Hence, when the HOLY GHOST is about to convince a sinner of sin, he sets up a tribunal in his very heart, and the work of grace begins in making the poor sinner to know and feel a sensibleness of his own lost and utterly undone estate, as it stands before GOD. Thus breaking up the fallow ground of the heart for the seed of righteousness, the HOLY GHOST next brings the convinced sinner acquainted with the person and work of the LORD JESUS CHRIST: and so powerfully convinceth him of the suitableness and all-sufficiency of JESUS for salvation, as to incline the sinner's whole soul to the belief, and to the cordial and hearty acceptance of redemption in this blessed way of GOD'S own appointing. And when these blessed works are wrought in the poor sinner's soul, like Job, he hastens to plead the whole before the throne. Reader! is this your privilege, your happiness, your confidence? If so, these precious things speaks for themselves. It is by these things, men live, and in this is the life of the soul. Oh! for grace thus to bring the LORD JESUS, and his finished work, in the arms of our faith in all our approaches to a mercy-seat in ordinances here below, in prayer, in communion, and in all our intercourse with GOD, while this side Jordan; and when we pass the river of death, this will be our sure and safe pleading against all the accusations of Satan, the fears of our own conscience, the terrors of GOD'S broken law, and the just judgments of Almighty GOD. Yes! blessed JESUS, I will now and forever say, Thou hast answered, and thou wilt answer for me, O LORD, my GOD!
These files are public domain.
Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission.
Hawker, Robert, D.D. "Commentary on Job 13". "Hawker's Poor Man's Commentary". https://studylight.org/
the Week of Proper 14 / Ordinary 19 | <urn:uuid:59ae3b4a-9d6a-4e5a-97a1-ac4d435179f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studylight.org/commentaries/eng/pmc/job-13.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.968015 | 1,442 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Name: …………………………………………………………… Adm No: ………………………………
School: …………………………………………………………. Candidate’s Sign: …………………….
(CREATIVE COMPOSITION AND ESSAYS BASED ON SET TEXTS)
TIME: 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES
END OF TERM 2 EXAM
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (K.C.S.E.)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES:-
- Answer THREE QUESTIONS in this paper
- Question 1a or 1b (20mks)
- Question 2 is compulsory (20 mks)
- Question 3a or 3b or 3c (20mks)
- Where a candidate presents work on more than one optional text, only first one to appear will be marked.
- All answers to be written in the answers booklet provided.
For Examiners Use Only.
- Imaginative composition
- Write a story ending with;
………………. Truth be told, we strongly believe that he was innocent. (20mks)
- Write a story to illustrate the saying:
A fool and his money are soon parted (20mks)
- (The compulsory set test (20mks)
“People who do bad deeds to others never go unrepaid”
Show the validity of this statement with reference to Henry Ole Kulet’s novel. Blossoms of the savannah”
- The option set – test (20mks)
Answer only one of the following questions
- The short stories
Chris Wanjala, memories we lost and other stories
Using Leila Aboud’s story “missing out” write an essay on how majoly’s stay in London alienates him from his people
David Mulwa, inheritance
“Pretenders are worse than murderers.” Write an easy to show the truthfulness of this statement basing your answer on the inheritance by David Mulwa.
- The novel
John Steinbeck, the pearl
“The society has lost its moral values” using illustrations from The Pearl by John Steinbeck show the truth of this statement.
- It must be a story that ends with the given statement.
- It must be a story explaining/ illustrating the meaning of the given statement.
“people who do bad deeds to others never go unrepaid”
Show the validity of this statement with reference to Henry Ole kulet’s novel “Blooms of the Savannah.
In the text, characters like Oloisudori, Ole kaelo and others perpetuate evil towards other characters, but they also receive their equal measure of pain and suffering as discussed below.
Oloisudori is a businessman but with questionable deals. Despite his age, and being polygamous, he shamelessly wants to marry Ole Kaelo’s teenage daughter. He blackmails Ole Kaelo into giving his daughter Resian in marriage to him or forgets his numerous business contracts which Oloisudari had helped Ole Kaelo to secure. He further puts Ole kaelo in a tight corner where he has to forcibly circumcise. Taiyo and give her to him in marriage after Resian runs away from home. However, his actions never go unpaid, in a bid to forcibly take his bride from Minik’s ranch, his convoy of vehicles is attacked and several of hi cars burnt. He ends up losing both Resian and Taiyo, his money and his property.
Ole kaelo betrays their trust of his daughter Resian. He openly resents Resian and is quick to scold her for the slightest of mistakes. He insults her just because he expected a boy child for his second born and not a girl child. He readily agrees to marry off Resian to Olisudori rather than forfeit his numerous business contracts which Oloisudiri had helped secure. He also turns down her request to join Egerton University saying that he had already received her dowry. However, Ole kaelo pays dearly for his decisions since Resian openly comfronts him at his shop and turns down the marriage deal with Oloisudari, she later escapes from home and leaves Ole kaelo with no option but to give out Taiyo in marriage to Oloisudori.
Mama Milanoi’s bad deeds towards her daughters leaves them with a strong dislike for their mother. As a mother, she never comes to the defense of her daughter when Ole kaelo constantly scolds her. She further colludes with her husband to marry off Resian to Oloisudori. They collect gifts and dowry from Oloisudori and even shamelessly hatches a plan on how Olisudari will collect his bride Mama Milano also colludes with the Enkamuratuni to have Taiyo forcibly circumcised thereby causing her a lot of physical and emotional pain. All her actions never go unrepaid as her two daughters all run away from home and vow never to copy her example as their mother.
Oloisudori bad deeds towards Resian never go unpunished. He rescues Resian just before her attempted suicide promising to take her to Minik’s Ranch. He however turns on his words, forcibly abducts her with the intentions of marrying her. She endures a long torturous journey at the back of an old pick – up track. She forced to stay in a lonely dark hut and even physically assaults her when his attempted rape on her backfires. He however pays dearly for his actions as Resian bites off his thumb to near amputation during the attempted rape. He is rebuked by his mother for his actions and forced to go into hiding for a number of days.
In conclusion bad deeds are always paid with bad deeds as seen above.
3(a) Memories we lost
Using Leila Aboulela’s story ‘missing out’ write an essay on how Majoly’s stay in London alienates him from his people.
INTRODUCTION (UP TO 2MKS)
Majoly is at first unhappy when he gets to London.
He pleads to come home, but his mother pleads with him to stay on and read.
Eventually, Majoly becomes distant from his people. He drops their practices and sets his mind on staying in London.
Majoly abandous his people prayer habit while in London.
When Samra asks him for a prayer mat, he confesses he does not have one. He does not even know the direction of the Ka’ba or where the Qibla is. He does not even observe the mandatory Friday prayers.
Majoly considers London civilized, and Khartoum backward. He does not want to come back home. He even enrolls for a PHD. He is unable to appreciate the more relaxed, simple and rich family life back home.
Majdy is so indifferent to his people that he is not able to sympathize with his mother. Samra informs Majoly of her struggle when she went to call him at central post office. She could not get transport due to petrol shortage. Samra accuses him of disloyalty of indifference.
Majoly is eventually so distant, from his people that he does not desire to go back home. When he is almost done with his PHD, he is invited to a conference in Bath.
CONCLUSION ( UP TO 2 MARKS)
Majoly feels a childish sense of exclusion, of being left out of life at home, however he has no desire to go back home.
NB; Any four point x 3 =(12marks)
Language = 4 (marks)
(3b) Pretenders are worse than murderers. Write an essay to show the truthfulness of this statement basing you answer to inheritance by David Mulwa.
In the society, some people may pretend to have moral standard or opinion that they do not actually have. This is a situation we find many characters in the play Inheritance.
Most people in any society may pretend that everything is alright, yet they do know that something is wrong.this is what David Mulwa demonstrates in his play The Inheritance.
Lacuna pretends to honour King Kutula xv during his commemoration. He says ‘lets always remember with gratitude what my father the king did for us. On your behalf I shall now walk to the Royal grave to pay our continued National respects.’ Yet he was the one who killed the King in order to pave way for his leadership.
Lucuna also pretends that Judah’s death was as a result of faulty machines but he is the one who arranged his killing. We get to know this from Robert’s words. It was Murder for poor Judah, not the age of the machines as you would like the world to believe?
Bishop Menninger calls himself a man of God and teaches and adheres to the teachings of Christianity, but he is involved in plotting and poising of King Kutula xv. “……..it was time to bring Kutula back to dignity ……….” “ ……… An then it happened ……. I must do it for her future… Menninger say so ……….”
Goldstein pretend to care about Katula citizens yet he advices Lacuna to reduce the work force, thus creating unemployment, more so the wages should be kept low, While the working hours are to be extended. This is unfair to the citizens. He also tricks Lacuna into taking loans and advices him to take drastic actions which will only benefit themselves “you will nationalize that valley and we shall occupy it.”
Meshack, the commander of Katula’s armedforces, is hypocritical. He pretend to be so much supportive to King Lacuna yet, we know that he is against his rush decisions. “ I know sir. Its hard to be a leader like you.” He flees for his life without notifying his master, when he sees that his end has come.
Thorne Macay and Bishop Menninger tell King Kutula xv that they have the interest ‘of his people at heart but behind his back, they plot his killing leading to the citizens of Kutula being left in the hands of a bad leader as Lacuna. They see that King Kutula xv doesn’t serve their interest, thus thinking Lacuna will serve their interest better.
In conclusion Lacuna, Goldenstein, Meshak, Bishop Menninger and Thorne are all hypocritical.
The novel: the pearls by John Steinbeck
‘The society has lost its moral values: using the Pearl by John Steinbeck. For your illustrations show the truth of the above statement
- General introduction or contextual introduction
When Kino gets the pearl, people are greedy to either have the pearl or the money when the Pearl is sold.
The priest thinks about the church repairs. He also wonders how much the Pearl is worth. He tells Kino to give thanks to one who has given him the treasure. All this translates to him getting part of the money when the Pearl is sold.
Kino guards the pearl with all the energy including killing several people who attempt to steal it from him. When Juana wants to throw away the Pearl, he slaps and kicks her.
The pearl buyers’ are materialistic. They offer the least to Kino to maximize on the profit they make once they sell the pearl.
The doctor is hypocrital. When Kino and Juana take Coyotito for treatment at his house, he sends the servant informing them he is not in because they have no money. When he learns about the pearl, he visits Kino and offers to treat Coyotito and wait for money. The reason why he is ready to treat him is because there is hope for money once the pearl is sold.
- The doctor is interested in the money than the lives of the poor villages
- The priest also exploits his congregation when he learns about the pearl, he thinks about whether he had married them in church and the repair the church needs.
- The pearl buyers exploit the buyers by buying their pearls at a lower price than the actual.
- They conspire to cheat Kino off his pearl.
- Kino attacks Juana who wants to throw back the pearl to the sea.
- The three trackers carry weapons of war. It ends in Coyotito’s death.
Any other plausible answer
NB: the essay should be written in continuous prose.
Language (4 marks) | <urn:uuid:c82f4f06-b03e-4b23-9153-b744619efac7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://educationnewshub.co.ke/english-pp3-form-4-end-of-term-2-exam-plus-marking-scheme/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.972482 | 2,797 | 2.859375 | 3 |
North Korea fired suspected artillery pieces into the sea on Sunday, South Korea’s military said, days after the North’s latest missile launch ended in failure amid the country’s recent burst of weapons testing activity.
There is speculation that North Korea could soon try to launch its developmental longest-range ballistic missile to bolster its arsenal and dial up pressure on the United States to wrest concessions as negotiations remain stalled. South Korea’s military suggested North Korea’s midair missile explosion last Wednesday involved parts of the Hwasong-17 missile, its biggest weapon.
On Sunday, South Korea’s Defense Ministry said it detected firings likely from multiple rocket launch systems off North Korea’s west coast. The ministry said the military closely monitors North Korean moves and maintains its readiness.
South Korea’s presidential office said in a separate statement it held an emergency national security council meeting to discuss what it called the North’s “short-range projectile launches.”
Council members worked to analyze details of the firings in close coordination with the United States, it said. The statement added that South Korea will use its enhanced military capability and its alliance with the U.S. to prevent a security vacuum from occurring during a power transition period in Seoul.
President Moon Jae-in’s single five-year term ends in May and he will be replaced by a new conservative government led by Yoon Suk Yeol. A former top prosecutor, Yoon has vowed to boost Seoul’s military alliance with Washington and win a stronger U.S. security commitment to neutralize growing North Korean nuclear threats.
Wednesday’s failed missile firing was the North’s 10th weapons launch this year. The U.S. and South Korean militaries said they concluded that two of North Korea’s recent launches before Wednesday’s were meant to test a Hwasong-17 system. North Korea later said those launches were designed to test cameras and other systems for a spy satellite.
Some outside experts say North Korea will likely fire a Hwasong-17 rocket to test its long-range missile technology and also to put its first functioning spy satellite into orbit. The Hwasong-17’s potential maximum range of 15,000 kilometers (9,320 miles) would place the entire U.S. mainland within its striking distance, and its huge size suggests it can carry a bigger payload or multiple nuclear warheads.
The Hwasong-17 launch, if made, would be the North’s most serious provocation since the country carried out three intercontinental ballistic missile tests in 2017.
The South Korean government didn’t immediately disclose where Sunday’s weapons firings occurred. The Koreas’ poorly marked western sea boundary saw naval clashes in 1999, 2002 and 2009. Attacks blamed on North Korea in the area in 2010 killed 50 South Koreans — 46 on a warship and four on a border island. | <urn:uuid:502785e1-ecc3-4fe0-a178-d60916da2e57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thejewishlink.com/n-korea-fires-artillery-into-sea-days-after-missile-launch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949588 | 616 | 1.84375 | 2 |
This constellation first appeared in 1603. It was created by the German astronomer Johann Bayer. It is located in the far southern skies northwest of the bright star Archenar in Eridanus, the river. The phoenix is a mythical bird who lived for 500 years. At the end of its life it would build a nest of spices, twigs, and fragrances. The sun would light the nest afire and the bird would perish in flames only to be reborn again to start the cycle over again. | <urn:uuid:9e569252-f314-423d-b9f1-edcabe1f407d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://web.pa.msu.edu/people/horvatin/Astronomy_Facts/constellation_pages/phoenix.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.979262 | 104 | 2.875 | 3 |
WHY PAY ATTENTION TO PLAGIARISM CHECKING
Many students, if they discover that their diploma does not meet the established plagiarism standards, immediately begin to panic and ask a lot of questions about why such a check is needed at all and what it can give. After all, in fact, it is not uncommon for a student to write a paper himself, using certain sources, but in the end, the program gives him a low percentage of uniqueness. Thus, many professional college essay writer people think that such a check is not needed at all, because the program still shows a low uniqueness rate. But if we consider the methodological recommendations for writing scientific papers, then the clause on uniqueness in them is mandatory, regardless of the specifics of the educational institution. Such recommendations have established standards for each university, as well as generally accepted rules. Based on this, each student must follow the rules prescribed in such guidelines. Therefore, the check for the uniqueness of the graduation project cannot be missed in any way, no matter how hard the student tries.
There are also situations when a student buys a finished diploma written to order. At the same time, the author claims that the work is completely unique. But at the first check, which, by the way, the student can carry out independently with the help of special programs, it turns out that the work is fully consistent with other work posted on the network. Thus, it is concluded that some authors resell finished works several times. Of course, at the same time, no one wants to pay money for a supposedly unique work, and as a result receive plagiarism. Considering all of the above, we can conclude that if you order a work to order, then you need to be one hundred percent sure that the author will make it in compliance with all requirements.
In our practice, we often encountered the fact that students from various universities recommended a specific organization for writing diplomas. This makes some sense, as verified authors are always in demand and have a good reputation.
In summing up, it should be said that checking for plagiarism of graduation projects is an integral part of modern student life. A few years ago, such verification did not apply to scientific projects, but now it has become an obligatory link in the general cycle of writing a paper. The fact is that with the development of international exchange on the Internet, more and more cases began to progress when works have a low percentage of uniqueness. There are also many more ways to check for plagiarism. Given all this, the requirements for this item have become tougher and acquired new boundaries, which are not recommended to be crossed. To ensure that the work was competent and, most importantly, unique, it should be checked immediately after writing it. Moreover, after making certain changes, a re-check should be carried out, | <urn:uuid:e920a301-43ad-4a01-928a-31d2c966c323> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.granderiehomehardware.ca/profile/yolandadussy78/profile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.965103 | 578 | 1.929688 | 2 |
File Management (PC)
Date(s) - 10/29/2020
9:30 am - 11:30 am
Contact: Rand ([email protected])
One of the major causes of computer users’ frustration is a lack of experience and/or understanding of how a computer stores things. This is true for documents, pictures, apps, music, etc. All this can be lumped under the broad heading of “file management.” In this class you’ll learn how and where files are stored, accessed, and manipulated in Windows 10 using File Explorer.
This event is fully booked. | <urn:uuid:52765365-35f9-41bb-a96d-e1035819e797> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quailcreekcomputerclub.org/events/file-management-pc/?doing_wp_cron=1656625546.6732048988342285156250 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.838534 | 142 | 1.953125 | 2 |
The Ukraine crisis that erupted in early 2014 has brought an end to the post–Cold War status quo in Europe. Russia, feeling betrayed by its Western partners because of their support for regime change in Kiev, has stepped forward to protect its vital interests—which the West saw as aggression by a revisionist power. The ensuing conflict will last long and have an impact far beyond Europe.
Great-Power Competition Is Back
- The Ukraine crisis has ushered in a period of U.S.-Russian rivalry, even confrontation, reminiscent of the nineteenth-century Great Game, a fight for supremacy between the Russian and British Empires. The competition is asymmetrical and highly unequal.
- This conflict is being waged mainly in the political, economic, and information spheres, but it has military overtones as well. It differs from the Cold War in that human contact, trade, and information flows are not completely shut off, and there is a modicum of cooperation.
- Russia is focused on post-Soviet integration in Eurasia, while the United States has initiated a series of measures to restore a “holding line” against Russia in Europe.
- The U.S. approach toward Russia reflects traditional concerns, even phobias, and is not based on an adequate understanding of the country, in part because Russia has ceased to be a focus of U.S. foreign policy.
- The international system is becoming more balanced, and Washington needs to prepare for this by developing policies that account for the interests of major players, including Russia.
- Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia will be the battleground in the U.S.-Russian fight for influence. A number of other countries and territories, including Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Russian North Caucasus and Crimea, and the Baltic states, may also be affected by this competition.
- In Central Europe, Poland, which has been most directly involved with the crisis over Ukraine, has toughened its attitudes toward Russia.
- Western Europe’s relations with Russia have changed significantly since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis. The period of cooperation and mutual understanding ushered in by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev’s agreement to Germany’s reunification is over.
- Faced with an increasingly hostile West, Russia is visibly turning East. In particular, China and Russia have become closer, signing a historic gas deal, conducting joint naval exercises, and increasing trade.
- Russia’s hardball policies in Ukraine and its defiance of the United States have won it increased credibility in the Middle East.
The political crisis that erupted in Ukraine in early 2014 has ended the period in Russian-Western relations that began with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.1 The crisis marks the end of a generally cooperative phase in those relations, which even included a failed effort at Russia’s integration with or into the West on its own terms. Instead, the Ukraine crisis has opened a new period of heightened rivalry, even confrontation, between former Cold War adversaries.
On the face of it, this new period is broadly reminiscent of the Cold War, but it differs from it in important ways. Today’s situation has a values component to it but is not nearly as focused on ideology as the conflict between communism and liberal democracy was. It has a traditional military dimension too, but this aspect is not—as yet—dominant. The current crisis has global implications, but, in and of itself, it is not central to the global system. Most importantly, unlike the Cold War, the present crisis is not the organizing principle of either world politics or even the foreign policies of the conflict’s main contestants, particularly that of the United States. If historical analogies are of any use, parallels to the nineteenth-century Great Game for supremacy between the Russian and British Empires would be more to the point, except, of course, that the present U.S.-Russian rivalry is asymmetrical.
The Ukraine crisis has opened a new period of heightened rivalry, even confrontation, between former Cold War adversaries.
The severity of the crisis came as a surprise to many, in Ukraine itself, Russia, the European Union (EU), and the United States. Not that the gestation of the crisis and the steadily worsening environment in Russia’s relations with the West had been overlooked. Rather, many Ukraine watchers who continued to believe that “the more the country changes, the more it stays the same” were caught off guard by the dynamics on the ground. In late February 2014, Ukraine moved too far and too abruptly to the West and lost balance. Just before that, U.S. policy in support of democratic change in Ukraine had steered past safe limits. Russia felt cornered, and its reaction surprised many Russians, not to speak of Ukrainians and Westerners.
This new battle for influence is very real and will have major ramifications beyond just Ukraine. The confrontation will take some time to lead to an outcome, and neither the time frame nor the result can be clearly foreseen at this point. What is clear, however, is that the Euro-Atlantic region has entered a different epoch.
Origins of the Ukraine Crisis
The Ukraine crisis was immediately preceded by competition between the EU and Russia for the future geoeconomic orientation of Ukraine. The roots of the crisis lie in the 2008 war between Russia and Georgia, which ended the prospect of enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for both Georgia and Ukraine, and in the beginning of the global financial crisis, which seemed to give more credence to regional economic arrangements. Then, the EU and Russia drew different conclusions from the war and the crisis. The Europeans, through the Eastern Partnership program the EU launched in 2009, looked to associate Ukraine, along with five other former Soviet republics, economically and politically with the EU.2 Rather than a step toward future EU enlargement, however, this initiative was an attempt to constitute a “zone of comfort” to the east of the union’s border and enhance these countries’ Western orientation.
The Russian Federation, for its part, tried to attract Ukraine and most of the rest of the former Soviet Union to its flagship project of a customs union, also energized in 2009, which led by May 2014 to the signing of the treaty establishing a Eurasian Economic Union.3 Rather than re-creating the Soviet Union, as suspected in the West, Moscow began building a Russian-led community in Eurasia that would give Russia certain economic benefits and, no less important, better bargaining positions with regard to the country’s big continental neighbors—the EU to the west and China to the east. Including Ukraine into the scheme, which Russian President Vladimir Putin had been trying to achieve since the 2003–2004 project of a “single economic space,” was designed to give the new compact the critical mass of 200 million consumers, of which Ukraine would supply almost a quarter. Yet at the same time, Putin remained wedded to his master concept of a “Greater Europe from Lisbon to Vladivostok,” which he first outlined in 2010 and has reiterated since.
Thus, Brussels and Moscow each saw Ukraine as an important element of their own geopolitical project. The Russians have also made an effort to explore the possibility of associating Ukraine with both economic units and in this way keeping the country’s international and domestic balance. Yet, for the Europeans there was no chance of talking to a third country about Ukraine’s association. Eventually, both Russia and the EU came to see Ukraine’s choice as a zero-sum game and worked hard to influence the outcome.
Ukraine itself, ruled from 2010 to 2014 by the then president Viktor Yanukovych and his supporters from the eastern region of Donetsk, was habitually maneuvering between the EU and Russia, always in search of a better deal. Yanukovych, for domestic political reasons, raised high hopes for the EU link, on which he was ostensibly working. However, the Ukrainian president was never able to secure reasonable financial relief from Brussels to compensate for the severe blow to Ukrainian industry that would have resulted from closer economic association with the EU. In the run-up to presidential elections originally due in early 2015, the need for such a cushion became crucial.
At the same time, Yanukovych had to factor in the pressure exercised by Russia. Moscow first showed Ukraine, in the form of trade barriers, what it would lose from choosing the EU over Russia and, later, in the form of an aid package, what it would gain if it made the “right” choice. As a result, Yanukovych in November 2013 suddenly suspended a political and economic association agreement that Kiev had been due to sign with the EU. The following month, he instead accepted a generous financial and economic package from Russia’s Putin.
The November 2013 decision led to mass protests in central Kiev, which almost immediately turned into a permanent standoff on the capital’s Independence Square. Most protesters were ordinary people who suffered from poverty and were deeply incensed by runaway official corruption, including in Yanukovych’s family. To those people, EU association appeared as a way out of this undignified situation, and the abrupt and unexpected closure of that door produced a painful and powerful shock.
This essentially civic protest, which became known as the Maidan, was joined by nationalist groups, hailing mainly from western Ukraine, who always insisted on a Ukrainian national identity that was clearly separate from, and even inimical to Russia. To them, Yanukovych, an easterner, was hijacking the country to merge with Russia, which many in the country’s west viewed with deep suspicion and outright hostility. Finally, the Maidan protests were supported, funded, and exploited by Ukraine’s oligarchic clans, which were unhappy with Yanukovych and his Donetsk allies wielding too much power and aggressively expanding their business interests at other oligarchs’ expense. To them, the Maidan was a means to force early presidential elections and unseat Yanukovych.
In the United States, the top echelons in the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama were not initially focused on the Ukrainian developments. Ukraine was not a foreign policy priority for the U.S. president, who was heavily preoccupied with wars and revolutions in the Middle East, Iran’s nuclear program, the U.S. military withdrawal from Afghanistan, America’s relations with China, and developments in East Asia. However, the United States had long supported pro-Western democratic movements in Ukraine, for both ideological and geopolitical reasons, and it looked with a wary eye on the Kremlin’s attempts at Eurasian integration. Washington abhorred the idea of Ukraine becoming part of the Russian sphere of influence. To stymie that, it was working on helping pro-Western opposition leaders hold on to power in Kiev and openly encouraging them in their efforts.
In mid-February 2014, the situation in central Kiev degenerated into violence and reached a denouement. It first appeared that Yanukovych was resolved to win by using force to disperse the Maidan, which by that time had formed a capable fighting force built around a nationalist organization called the Right Sector. However, Yanukovych stopped the police advance in its tracks and opened talks with the opposition leaders. Those talks soon became negotiations about the concessions his government was prepared to make and ended on February 21, 2014, with the president’s de facto capitulation, which was to be delayed by a few months. The foreign ministers of EU member states France, Germany, and Poland co-signed an agreement with the Ukrainian government and opposition leaders to that effect. No sooner than it had been signed, the deal was rejected by the Maidan, whose more radical members demanded the president’s immediate resignation. Yanukovych fled from Kiev, the police disappeared from its streets, and the Maidan revolution could celebrate victory.
These dramatic developments were most traumatic for Moscow. From a Russian perspective, Ukraine had for two decades been a weak, fragile, and often unreliable state, chronically creating problems for Russian energy giant Gazprom’s transit to Europe. However, to most Russians, the country was anything but foreign. Now, Ukraine was suddenly turning into a country led by a coalition of pro-Western elites in Kiev and anti-Russian western Ukrainian nationalists. This shift, in the Kremlin’s eyes, carried a dual danger of Kiev clamping down on the Russian language, culture, and identity inside Ukraine and of the country itself joining NATO in short order. Putin reacted immediately by apparently putting in motion contingency plans that Moscow had drafted for the eventuality of Kiev seeking membership in the Atlantic alliance.
Russia’s Ukraine policy, which until then had been publicly low-key and heavily focused on top-level interaction with the Ukrainian president, immediately went into high gear. Defense and maneuvering stopped, to be replaced by a counteroffensive. The main goal became to keep Ukraine from joining NATO and, ideally, to win back the country for the Eurasian integration project, whose core element is the reunification of what Moscow sees as the “Russian world.” In pursuing its new, proactive approach, Russia had two main objectives.
The first was to make Crimea off limits to the new post-Yanukovych authorities in Kiev. This was executed by means of Russian special forces physically insulating the peninsula from mainland Ukraine, neutralizing the Ukrainian garrison in Crimea, and helping Crimea’s pro-Russian elements take control of the local government, parliament, and law enforcement agencies. Russia also encouraged those elements to hold a referendum on Crimea’s status and pursued an all-out campaign in favor of Crimea’s reunification with Russia. The vote, held on March 16, 2014, overwhelmingly endorsed such a union. Two days later, a treaty was signed in Moscow to incorporate Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into Russia.
Moscow’s second objective was to achieve a new federal settlement in Ukraine, which would forestall complete domination of the country by Kiev and western Ukraine and thus make any move toward NATO structurally impossible. On March 1, 2014, Putin had already sought and received powers from the Federation Council, the upper house of the Russian parliament, to use Russian armed forces inside Ukraine. Russian forces began exercising along the Ukrainian border, appearing ready to invade, but no crossborder invasion happened. The Kremlin was putting pressure on the new authorities in Kiev, making them nervous and indecisive; deterring Washington and Brussels from intervening by dramatically raising the stakes; and encouraging Moscow’s political friends in the Russian-speaking parts of Ukraine.
Indeed, in the largely Russophone eastern and southern Ukraine, mass rallies began to demand regional autonomy, including rights for the Russian language. These rallies were later followed by reasonably well-organized militant groups seizing government buildings, arming themselves, and taking over towns. In the regions of Donetsk and Luhansk, the militants held regional referendums in early May and proclaimed their own “republics” independent from Kiev. Moscow did not hide its sympathy and support for these separatists, but it refrained from either recognizing them or sending the Russian forces to protect them.
However, Russia failed in rousing resistance to Kiev across the entire southeast of Ukraine. The hope that predominantly Russian-speaking Novorossia, “New Russia” encompassing Ukraine’s entire south-east, would break away from the new revolutionary authorities and form a federation, did not materialize. Only Donetsk and Luhansk held referendums in support of regional sovereignty. The key cities of Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Mykolaiv, Odessa, and Zaporizhia, however, remained under the central government’s control. Moreover, the interim government launched an “antiterrorist operation” in Donetsk and Luhansk, which led to numerous casualties on both sides, and provoked a humanitarian crisis. Moscow gave the militants there moral, political, and material support but stopped short of recognizing their “people’s republics” and outright military intervention.
Moscow refused to recognize the Maidan-backed government as legitimate, even though it dealt with its officials. It also branded the revolutionary regime in Kiev as ultranationalist, even “fascist,” with reference to the role the Ukrainian radicals had played in the ouster of Yanukovych. The United States, by contrast, gave well-publicized political support to Kiev, as evidenced by the visits there by Vice President Joe Biden, Secretary of State John Kerry, Central Intelligence Agency Director John Brennan, and a number of other U.S. officials. Russian media claimed that Washington was directing the Ukrainian authorities’ actions.
Russia attempted a number of diplomatic steps to manage the crisis next door and achieve its goals. However, telephone diplomacy between Presidents Putin and Obama produced no solution, and the channel between Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Secretary Kerry yielded little. The Geneva statement of April 17, 2014, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s road map of May 8 were stillborn. Moscow got far more attention by sending forces to the Ukrainian border for military drills, which looked like a preparation for invasion. The idea was to deter Kiev from going too hard against its opponents in eastern Ukraine and to raise the stakes in Washington by demonstrating Russia’s resolve to defend its vital interests.
On May 25, 2014, Ukraine successfully held early presidential elections that led to the clear victory of Petro Poroshenko, an oligarch and the principal sponsor of the Maidan. The radicals received little support, just like Yanukovych’s former party. Putin decided he could not ignore the choice of many millions of Ukrainians and agreed to resume top-level contacts with Kiev. With the move, the Kremlin, which knew Poroshenko well, was likely getting ready to reengage with the Ukrainian elite, albeit under new circumstances.
The Western Response
Within a few weeks, measures taken in response to Russia’s actions abruptly reversed the twenty-five-year-old trend toward expanding contacts between former Cold War adversaries. Moscow’s policies met with immediate, strong negative reaction from the United States and its allies. Seen as an aggressor, Russia was effectively expelled from the G8 group of leading industrialized nations, which returned to being the G7. The EU downgraded its relations with Russia, while NATO froze its cooperation with Moscow. Western leaders suspended their bilateral summits with Putin, even though they soon started to make exceptions. In a United Nations (UN) General Assembly vote on the Crimean referendum in late March, 100 nations refused to recognize the outcome, against only eleven that did.4 Faced with near-universal condemnation, Russian delegates had to suspend their participation in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Russia’s accession process to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) was also put on hold. High-level international meetings in Russia, such as the annual security conference in Moscow and the economic forum in St. Petersburg, lost many Western delegates.
In material terms, the United States led its allies in imposing sanctions against Russian officials, companies, and potentially whole sectors of industry. The goal is to hurt Russia so much that it backs down on Ukraine, ideally creating enough pain within Russia to effect a regime change—that is, Putin’s ouster, either as a result of a palace coup or through a popular revolt. Successive waves of sanctions, in conjunction with efforts to isolate Russia politically, immediately caused a deep plunge of the Russian stock market, a massive capital flight out of Russia, and a further weakening of the ruble. Potential new investors were turned off. Even though the energy relationship between Russia and Europe is too vital to many EU economies for it to be wound down immediately, there is now a much stronger trend toward energy diversification away from Russia. High-technology imports by Russia became more difficult. Russian finance was also put on notice about the potential dire consequences of a deepening confrontation with the United States.
In military terms, Russia has been redesignated as an adversary of the West. NATO is becoming reenergized around its original late-1940s mission of “keeping the Russians out.” The temporary deployments of relatively small Western contingents in Poland, Romania, and the Baltic states are likely to turn into a permanent basing of NATO’s forces—including U.S. troops—along the alliance’s eastern border. NATO’s ballistic missile defenses, which are now being installed in Europe, will be openly targeting Russia’s nuclear forces. Neutral countries such as Sweden and Finland are considering joining NATO and would be welcome there should they decide to pursue membership. A major NATO summit in September 2014 in Wales is thus likely to present a “new old face” of the alliance. Barely out of Afghanistan, NATO is pivoting back to Russia.
In military terms, Russia has been redesignated as an adversary of the West.
In political, economic, and military terms, the European continent is again divided—with Russia to the east, NATO and the EU to the west, and the “lands in between” of Ukraine, Moldova, and the countries of the South Caucasus as the battleground. Great-power war in Europe, thought to be safely consigned to the history books since the start of the 1990s, has made a stunning comeback as a possibility, however remote. Economic sanctions, a political equivalent of war, have again been applied. Information warfare has been in full swing. Even though Russia and the United States had a close brush with confrontation in 2008 in Georgia, that episode was too brief, too peripheral, and very soon overshadowed by the global crisis and the change of administration in Washington to leave lasting traces. Georgia did not change post–Cold War history. Ukraine did.
A History of Unsuccessful Rapprochement
The sharp turn in Russian-Western relations comes after a quarter century of halfhearted efforts on both sides to build an inclusive relationship. Early on, during Mikhail Gorbachev’s last two years as Soviet leader, Moscow hoped for a “common European home” and a joint global leadership with the United States.5 Both notions soon turned out to be illusions. Russia’s first president, Boris Yeltsin, then tried to fully integrate the country by joining NATO and forging a direct alliance with the United States. This did not work either.
Putin, soon after succeeding Yeltsin in the Kremlin, privately sounded out the West about Russia’s NATO membership, announced a de facto alliance relationship with the United States, and publicly proclaimed Russia’s European choice—in a 2001 speech in the German parliament, delivered in German.6 Russia’s third president, Dmitry Medvedev, with Putin’s support, called for a European security treaty,7 suggested a joint defense perimeter for Russia and NATO, and actively sought “modernization alliances” with the advanced economies of the West.
These efforts by the last Soviet leader and Russia’s first three presidents have fallen far short of their expectations. Western leaders showed no real interest in integrating Russia. They had good reasons for this. Russia was too big for such an exercise—particularly in terms of the economic assistance it would have needed to bring it closer to Western European levels. Russia, despite the loss of its superpower status, was also too independent-minded, with a huge nuclear-weapons arsenal and an elite that still reasoned in great-power terms and craved equality with the United States. As such, it would have made a strong-headed and thus awkward ally for Washington. Finally and crucially, there was no outside threat to the West that made it imperative for Russia to be secured to the U.S.-led alliance system.
Rather than integrating Russia within its own international system of institutions, the West tried to help Russia establish domestic political, economic, and social institutions that would make it closer to the West in qualitative terms. Western governments supported programs to relay democratic and market practices to Russia, hoping that it would soon become part of a globalized open society. Before Russia defaulted on its domestic debt in 1998, the country had been on life support from the International Monetary Fund for six years. Western advisers functioned at many levels in the Russian government, particularly its economic wing. Western governments backed Yeltsin at crucial moments, such as during a violent conflict in 1993 with the Russian parliament and his controversial reelection in 1996.
Yet, Russia disappointed the West. Its economy only started to pick up after the default, buoyed by the rising oil prices, and then it became dependent on them. Its political system was first chaotic, then dominated by the oligarchs, and later turned authoritarian. Its society absorbed the shock of dramatic changes, survived misery, and even acquired a taste for affluence, but it did not generate a powerful demand for democracy. Instead, the people came to appreciate stability and, having had enough of Gorbachev and Yeltsin, embraced Putin. Liberals, the only opposition in Russia that the West cared about, remained a small, even if vocal minority. Most important, Moscow insisted on keeping its great-power status, which many in the West considered obsolete.
Russia was by no means isolated; it was welcome to become a junior partner of the United States, the EU, and NATO. It was allowed to keep the Soviet Union’s seat on the UN Security Council in 1991, and it was granted membership in the Council of Europe in 1996 and in the G8 in 1998. A NATO-Russia Council for military cooperation was established in 2002, and Moscow was engaged in a close partnership with the EU, which was reinforced in 2003 by the concept of four “common spaces.”8 Moscow was accepted into the World Trade Organization in 2012 and was put on track to join the OECD. Successive Russian leaders held frequent and often quite informal meetings with their U.S. and other Western counterparts.
At the same time, there was no chance that Russia would be recognized as a “co-equal” of either the United States or the EU. The Russian Federation was certainly viewed in the West as a lesser international actor, whose power and importance were also declining. There was absolutely no question of letting Russia enjoy any special postimperial privileges such as a zone of influence, particularly in the former Soviet Union. Moscow’s policies in its neighborhood, for example toward the Baltic states, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, the South Caucasus countries, and Central Asia, were closely inspected for elements of “neoimperialism.” Since the early 1990s, the West has watched Moscow’s handling of the separatist region of Chechnya and the rest of the North Caucasus as an indicator of human rights abuses, potential relapse into colonial-era practices, and the excessive influence of the Russian military and security services.
NATO enlargement constituted, in Russian eyes, a major breach of faith on behalf of the West.
Russia was also expected to accept the decision of its former Warsaw Pact allies to join NATO. This was particularly hard for Moscow for two reasons. One was that Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, which joined in 1999, and Slovakia, the Baltic states, Romania, and Bulgaria, which acceded in 2004, were allowed to do something from which Russia was expressly barred. The second reason was that the enlargement of NATO ran counter to what many Russians believed were promises by Western leaders to Gorbachev in 1990 that they would not expand the alliance after the end of the Cold War if a reunited Germany were able to stay in NATO. (East Germany was integrated into NATO as it was reunified with West Germany in 1990.) Western governments, however, never accepted those claims and treated the Russian protests against NATO enlargement as evidence of Moscow’s phantom imperial pain or even surviving designs on Central and Eastern Europe. In retrospect, NATO enlargement constituted, in Russian eyes, a major breach of faith on behalf of the West.
Like NATO’s enlargement, the color revolutions in Georgia (2003), Ukraine (2004), and Kyrgyzstan (2005) performed the task, in Western eyes, of expanding the space of freedom and democracy in the former Communist world. To the Kremlin, by contrast, the uprisings constituted a political challenge of regime change at home atop the geopolitical challenge of reducing Russia’s influence beyond its borders. Moscow’s concerns were heightened when, in 2008, Ukraine’s “Orange” government and Georgia’s “Rose” leadership asked NATO for a Membership Action Plan, a program of advice and assistance for countries wishing to join the alliance. In February 2014, the fear was exactly the same: that the Maidan would revive antigovernment protests in Moscow that had died down after a spike in 2011–2012, and that the victorious revolutionaries in Kiev would lead Ukraine into NATO. To the West, the Kremlin’s authoritarianism was offensive, and its attempts to include neighboring countries in the Moscow-led integration scheme smacked of an effort to restore the Soviet Union.
These opposing interpretations do not suggest a misunderstanding between the West and Russia. The West was maximizing its spectacular success at the end of the Cold War and securing its new position, hedging, as necessary, against a potential resurgence of Russian power. It did not feel it really needed Russia outside the energy field and, except for a few Eastern European countries with a difficult history of relations with czarist or Soviet Russia, no longer feared it. To most elites in the United States and Western Europe, Russia had been yesterday’s news since the mid-1990s. Russia had to be managed, certainly, but did not deserve to become a priority again. As a consequence, Russian expertise was no longer in great demand, and Russian studies stopped attracting the best and the brightest across the Western world.
As for Russian elites, they also soon became disillusioned, and even rather cynical, about the West. They learned how to use the Western countries for their own personal interests, but integration into or with the West was no longer on the Kremlin’s agenda. Russian leaders, however, for a long time remained interested in fashioning a relationship with the United States and Europe that would give Russia the “co-equal status” that the country coveted. That status would mean Western noninterference in Russian internal affairs and would eliminate the threat of highly unequal military confrontation. With each unsuccessful “docking” with the West, the Kremlin grew more skeptical about the chances of its desired settlement—even as it became convinced that the heyday of U.S. hegemony and global Western dominance was over.
The Wider Geopolitical Context
Seen from Moscow, the unipolar “new world order” ushered in by former U.S. president George H. W. Bush in the Gulf War of 1990–1991 lasted roughly until the routing of Iraqi forces under another U.S. president, George W. Bush, at the beginning of the Iraq War. Soon thereafter, U.S. global hegemony began to wane. Neither of the two wars started by Bush, Jr.—Iraq, in 2003, and Afghanistan, in 2001—has led to a strengthening of the U.S. global position. The presidency of Bush’s successor, Obama, has become a period of U.S. global retrenchment, with more attention paid to the home base, a shift that the global crisis of 2008–2009 made imperative. The crisis essentially drew a line under the brief period of unchallenged U.S. world dominance after the end of the Cold War and the disappearance of the Soviet Union.
The Russians also watched as the EU, at the same time, entered its most serious crisis since its foundation. The union has had to deal simultaneously with debt and financing issues, a lack of leadership and a crisis of confidence, and an enlargement overstretch. The EU finds itself beset by a multifaceted identity crisis, with traditional European values—religious faith, nuclear family, national identity—weakened or discarded, and new values like multiculturalism finding the going hard. The success of the Euroskeptic and nationalist parties in the May 2014 elections to the European Parliament has reflected this malaise. As a result, the European project is in serious need of reenergizing, and failure to do so is fraught with the risk of unraveling.
These developments allowed Moscow to conclude that, from the late twentieth century, but particularly since the beginning of the twenty-first, the global balance had started to shift in favor of non-Western societies. China, India, Brazil, Turkey, Mexico, South Africa, and Indonesia have all surged ahead, with a number of other emerging market economies following them. Most of these countries shun direct confrontation with the United States, but most of them also want to rebalance the global order in their own favor and away from the West. The G20 group, born out of the global crisis, has begun to appear more important than the G8 (or the G7). A number of ordinary Arabs, Persians, Pakistanis, Latin Americans, and others would want to pin their hopes on someone with the courage and stamina to stand up to the power of the United States and check it.
In 2012 and 2013, Putin, now back in the Kremlin, made some stunning moves. On the Syrian civil war, he refused to simply help Washington ease Syrian President Bashar al-Assad out of power in Damascus in return (perhaps) for keeping the Syrian arms market. The lesson of Libya, where Moscow’s abstention at the UN Security Council in 2011 had allowed a NATO-led humanitarian intervention, which resulted in a regime change and a loss of Russian interests in the country, was learned. Instead, Putin offered his own calculus of the Syrian situation—namely, that Assad was stronger than his opponents and that the strongest among his opponents were the jihadis, so the choice was essentially between the two, of which Assad was obviously the preferred option. That assessment proved to be more realistic than the calculus of Obama’s advisers in the White House.
Even as the United States supported the fickle and quarrelsome opposition in Syria and watched its Gulf allies arm and bankroll the jihadis, Putin did not waver in his careful and calculated support for Damascus. In May 2013, Moscow offered Washington a chance to jointly lead the process of political settlement in Syria, but the United States tried instead to use the process in a futile attempt to get rid of Assad. With his “redlines” on Syria openly challenged in August 2013 by the perpetrators of a chemical weapons attack near Damascus, Obama found himself on the verge of ordering military strikes against Syria—contrary to his own wishes. At that moment, Putin masterfully used the situation to stay the U.S. president’s hand by offering a deal to get rid of Syria’s chemical weapons. From Putin’s refusal to accept the U.S. game plan to his impudence in suggesting an equal partnership with Washington in dealing with Syria to his de facto prevention of the U.S. use of force against Assad, the irritation with him and with Russia in U.S. political circles mounted.
It did not help that the need to come up with a joint U.S.-Russian plan to rid Syria of chemical weapons led to arguably the first eye-to-eye discussions between U.S. and Russian representatives since the downfall of the Soviet Union. In discussions in Geneva, Switzerland, Russia essentially won back the diplomatic parity with the United States that it had lost in the early 1990s. This was stunning: Russia’s resources were a fraction of America’s, and its influence in Syria—not to speak of anywhere else in the Middle East—was hardly dominant. And yet, Moscow was able to perform a spectacular feat by both preventing a U.S. attack against another country and making a notoriously closed regime give up its sole deterrent in the form of weapons of mass destruction.
In mid-2013, Russia demonstrated its temerity on another highly sensitive issue, when Edward Snowden, a former U.S. National Security Agency contractor, opened a campaign of revelations of the U.S. government’s global spying. During Snowden’s search for asylum that followed his flight from the United States and the revocation of his passport, Russia emerged as the only country willing to stand up to the U.S. government and take its full wrath. China was quick to hand off Snowden; the Latin American leftist regimes who had promised him asylum soon ducked under U.S. pressure; and U.S. allies in Europe actually cooperated in grounding Bolivia’s presidential plane after a tip-off that Snowden might have been on board. Putin, however, allowed the fugitive contractor stay in Russia, fully aware that this would materially damage relations with Obama. In response, Obama canceled a summit in Moscow, the first such cancellation in the history of U.S.-Russian relations since a summit in Paris was aborted by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev in 1960.
The Ukraine crisis was not an isolated spat or a tragic misunderstanding, but rather the last straw—for both sides. The failure to achieve an acceptable post–Cold War settlement produced an unanchored relationship between the West and Russia.
The Ukraine crisis, when it came, was thus not an isolated spat or a tragic misunderstanding, but rather the last straw—for both sides. Essentially, the failure to achieve an acceptable post–Cold War settlement produced an unanchored relationship between the West and Russia. Absent a sustained and serious effort to improve it, that relationship was prone to deteriorate under the weight of differing interests, conflicting views and values, and layers of historical mistrust. The resulting conflict has far-reaching implications for Eastern Europe and beyond.
The Implications of the Ukraine Crisis
The Ukraine crisis has led Russia to openly challenge the post–Cold War, post-Soviet settlement in Europe, which Putin has now openly come to reject. Moscow has already changed Russia’s borders by adding part of a neighboring state—after a referendum, to be sure—to the Russian Federation. Putin has publicly adopted the thesis of a divided Russian people, which sends a signal to countries with significant ethnic Russian or Russophone populations. Russia has become drawn into the domestic Ukrainian conflict, backing certain elements within Ukraine, insisting on constitutional reform there, and refusing for months to recognize the interim authorities in Kiev.
As a result, the post–Cold War status quo in Eastern Europe and, to a degree, in Europe as a whole is a thing of the past. Russia is focused on post-Soviet integration in Eurasia and is increasingly shifting its attention farther eastward, with implications for rising China and other states in Asia. Against the background of mounting tensions in the East and South China Seas and between Beijing and Washington, as well as the arrival of more nationalist leaders in Tokyo and New Delhi, a revisionist, resurgent Russia may not be an outlier, but part of an emerging trend of great-power competition succeeding the post–Cold War period of U.S.-dominated world order.
With Crimea back in its hands, Russia has made a big step toward restoring its dominance in the Black Sea area. Rather than just a small stretch of the sea’s eastern shoreline, Russia now occupies the strategically strongest position in the area. The Russian Black Sea Fleet, with Sevastopol as its main base, will now grow and modernize faster, which will enhance Moscow’s capability to project power, including to the Eastern Mediterranean. By contrast, the Turkish Navy, which became the strongest force in the Black Sea after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, has lost its primacy.
As the domestic Ukrainian conflict intensifies, Russian involvement in Ukraine also increases. However, Russia has been very careful to operate below the West’s radar screen, leaving few, if any, fingerprints. Rather than sending military units or groups of agents and operatives, it relies on local militants in eastern and southern Ukraine, as well as genuine volunteers and activists from around Russia, including ethnic Ukrainians, who vow to prevent Ukraine from being “hijacked” from its natural prominent place in the “Russian world” and turned into a Western-dominated backyard of the EU and NATO.
Ukraine is likely to be unstable for a relatively long time. Violence, currently at the level of a regional insurgency, can still potentially expand into a multiparty civil war and provoke a conventional military conflict, complete with guerrilla warfare. Even if that extreme scenario is forestalled, social upheavals and political infighting will be difficult to avoid. That may lead to one of the following potential outcomes: first, a unified country (minus Crimea, which will stay with Russia) heavily supported by and leaning toward the West; second, a loose federal state with a neutral status between the West and Russia; third, a partition of the country into two or several units, each of which will lean toward the EU or Russia. The first outcome is favored by the West, the second one by Russia, and the third one by neither because it would probably mean a full-scale civil war, yet it should not be ruled out. Each of these outcomes would significantly change the geopolitical balance in Eastern Europe. Amid this discussion of eventualities, one thing is clear, however. Post-Soviet Ukraine is history.
The conflict in Ukraine has implications for other post-Soviet regions. Above all, the crisis affects neighboring Moldova, a country that effectively broke up in 1990 when the region of Transnistria became de facto independent even before Moldova gained independence from the Soviet Union. In June 2014, Chişinău’s pro-EU governing coalition concluded an association agreement with the EU. However, at parliamentary elections in November 2014, the incumbent center-right government will face a challenge from the Communist Party, which favors Moldova’s integration with the Moscow-led customs union. Landlocked Transnistria has long been openly seeking integration with Russia, while the small and isolated Turkic-populated region of Gagauzia also leans toward Moscow. However, these entities depend on the Ukrainian Black Sea port of Odessa for communications with Russia, and Kiev’s assertion of control there following May 2014 clashes between pro- and anti-Russian demonstrators that involved a deadly public building fire shuts off that route.
Post-Soviet Ukraine is history.
Chişinău’s hopes now are pinned on Kiev’s cooperation in isolating Transnistria physically and making it bow to the harsh realities of geopolitics. However, Moldova is not very stable politically, and its failure to “regain” its breakaway regions could put its own sovereignty in doubt: Transnistria will remain outside its writ, and the Gagauz enclave will become restive. That could lead to the eventual folding of the entire country, which has been called a “second Romanian state,”9 into Romania proper, to which it belonged from 1918 to 1940 and again from 1941 to 1944. Influential elements in Bucharest would welcome such a development and the reconstitution of România Mare, or Greater Romania.
Georgia, another signatory of an EU association agreement, has so far remained unaffected directly by the Ukraine crisis. Moscow has clearly decided not to punish the current government in Tbilisi for its pro-Western orientation to avoid undermining it, which would let former president Mikheil Saakashvili’s supporters back in power. In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which broke away from Tbilisi in the early 1990s, a precarious truce with Georgia has prevailed ever since Russia recognized the two territories’ independence following its 2008 war with Georgia. Abkhazia is a functioning, if heavily subsidized, state with its own vibrant politics, which led in June 2014 to the ouster of its president under circumstances reminiscent of Kiev’s Maidan. Moscow was surprised, but not threatened, as all political factions in the tiny country remain pro-Russian. The Kremlin successfully mediated among the Abkhaz to avoid violence as power changed hands. South Ossetia, by contrast, has held a well-managed parliamentary election, but it is hardly a viable country.
Both Abkhazia and South Ossetia, however, are already incorporated into the Russian or Eurasian economic space. Yet whereas Abkhazia is jealously protective of its independence, which puts a limit on the scale of its integration, South Ossetia longs for a union with its sister, the much bigger Republic of North Ossetia, which is part of the Russian Federation. So far, Moscow has refused to budge: the political and financial costs of Crimea’s incorporation are high enough.
In the future, should Georgia return to the vociferously anti-Russian policies of Mikheil Saakashvili, Ossetian reunification might become a reality, bringing Russia’s border within an hour’s drive of Tbilisi. Alternatively, Russia can propose the option of a “confederacy,” which would restore links between Tbilisi and the Abkhazian and South Ossetian capitals, Sukhumi and Tskhinvali, provided that Georgia chooses the Eurasian economic and political vector over the current European one. This, however, is increasingly unlikely after Georgia’s signature of an association agreement with the EU.
In the rest of the South Caucasus, the tug-of-war with the EU over Ukraine stimulated Russia in September 2013 to draw Armenia more actively into the Eurasian project. As a result, Armenia requested membership in the Eurasian Economic Union and has entered the accession process. The incorporation of Crimea into Russia in March 2014, which Armenia endorsed in the UN General Assembly vote on the subject, evoked parallels in Yerevan with the issue of the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia, for its part, has been demonstrating its support for the Armenians, including the diaspora in Syria, and in the matter of the Armenian genocide in 1915. By 2015, Armenia vows to become part of the Eurasian Economic Union. By contrast, Azerbaijan, due to its oil wealth and crafty diplomacy, is the only country in the South Caucasus to have remained essentially neutral in the struggle for influence between Russia and the West.
Russia’s nominal allies and principal integration partners, Belarus and Kazakhstan, have used the Ukraine crisis to stress their own sovereignty. As Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko put it in a televised interview on March 23, 2014, “Belarus must become a state . . . an independent state . . . not under anyone’s thumb.” At the UN, Belarus voted with Russia to endorse the annexation of Crimea, and Minsk hosted Russian warplanes to counter increased NATO deployments and activity in Poland and the Baltic states. At the same time, Lukashenko established a direct line to the new leadership in Kiev and pressed Russia for more economic concessions: typical opportunistic maneuvering. Moscow tolerates such behavior to the extent that Lukashenko follows in the wake of Russia’s general course toward the West.
Kazakhstan, unlike Belarus, abstained in the UN vote on Crimea. Some Kazakh officials were probably shaken by Putin’s thesis of a divided Russian people. Northern Kazakhstan, across the border from Russia, has long been home to ethnic Russians and other Slavs—in a country whose political elite is virtually all Kazakh. Russian novelist and thinker Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, much revered today by Putin, wrote in a famous 1990 pamphlet about the need to reunite the Eastern Slavic lands of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and northern Kazakhstan within a “Russian union.” In light of developments in Ukraine, some in Kazakhstan probably see Solzhenitsyn’s article as the writing on the wall for the Kazakh state.
Yet, from the Kremlin’s logic, Kazakhstan is safe as long as it remains a secular state, interethnic peace prevails there, and the country is linked institutionally to Russia in economic and strategic areas. However, Kazakhstan’s continued relative stability is guaranteed primarily by its founding President Nursultan Nazarbayev, who has ruled the country since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The transition to a new leader, which is likely to happen within the next several years, will be a highly sensitive process, potentially fraught with enormous consequences. A more nationalist leadership in Astana could undermine the unwritten compact that keeps ethnic Russians happy in Kazakhstan and ensures Moscow’s benign attitudes.
At the other corner of the former Soviet Union, the Baltic states feel vindicated in their strong historical mistrust of Russia and its intentions. Two of the three countries, Estonia and Latvia, are particularly concerned about Moscow’s renewed resolve to protect ethnic Russians abroad. Both countries have sizable ethnic Russian populations, and many ethnic Russians still lack citizenship of their country of residence, while those who have been admitted to the citizenry often stay outside the integrated local nations as defined by ethnic majorities. Tallinn and Riga fear not so much an outright Russian invasion—Estonia and Latvia have been members of NATO and the EU since 2004—but Moscow’s support for increased political activity of ethnic Russians in their own countries. Lithuania’s concerns are mainly about its high degree of energy dependence on Russia. All three countries have requested a more permanent NATO presence in their territory.
Central and Western Europe
In Central Europe, Poland, which has been most directly involved with the crisis over Ukraine, has toughened its attitudes toward Russia. The historical reconciliation between Warsaw and Moscow that was attempted in 2009 and led, on the Russian side, by none other than Vladimir Putin, was fatally damaged by the death of the then Polish president in an airplane crash in 2010, and ties are now frozen. For Warsaw, the Ukraine crisis has become a test of maturity and leadership. Poland is emerging as one of the EU’s leading member states—perhaps in tandem with Germany—when it comes to the new Eastern Europe and Russia. The Ukraine crisis has also made Poland a NATO frontline state facing Russia and its ally Belarus. A recently announced U.S. military presence in Poland is likely to be symbolic, but quasipermanent. To counter this strengthened U.S. connection, Moscow has opted for discussing the Ukraine crisis mostly with Berlin and Paris, pushing Warsaw to the sidelines.
It is Western Europe’s relations with Russia, however, that are witnessing the most serious change. The happy period of cooperation and mutual understanding ushered in by Gorbachev’s 1990 agreement to Germany’s reunification has come to an end. The close personal ties between Russian and German leaders, which flourished under German chancellors Helmut Kohl and Gerhard Schröder, are no more. The hopes that the current chancellor, Angela Merkel, had once pinned on Medvedev suddenly evaporated as early as 2011, when Putin decided to return to the presidency. Beginning in earnest from the trial of Russian punk rock protest group Pussy Riot in 2012, the Putin regime was demolished and Putin himself demonized by the leading German media. What remains is essentially a business relationship, which, as a result of the Ukraine crisis, is under major threat as Germany basically follows the U.S. sanctions agenda. As a result, the German-Russian political relationship is not broken, but it is no longer “special.”
The German-Russian political relationship is not broken, but it is no longer “special.”
Russia’s attitude to Germany has suffered on its eastern end as well. The inability of the supposedly close partners to resolve the Ukraine crisis as it was gathering momentum has effectively turned Ukraine into a match between Russia and the United States. Frequent comparisons in Germany—including by a senior cabinet minister—of Moscow’s handling of the Crimea issue with Adolf Hitler’s policies of the Austrian Anschluss and the dismemberment of Czechoslovakia have provoked an angry riposte by the Russian foreign ministry. More important, anti-German sentiments, virtually nonexistent for decades after World War II, have begun to spread. What used to be referred to as “Nazi” or “fascist” is now often called “German” in Russia’s state-run media. If continued, that trend risks undoing a key element of the European peace order: the German-Russian post–World War II, post–Cold War reconciliation and understanding.
Another historically important relationship in Europe, that between Russia and France, had palpably decayed even before the Ukraine crisis. Unlike their predecessors François Mitterrand and Jacques Chirac, former president Nicolas Sarkozy and particularly the current leader, François Hollande, apparently did not attach any special significance to relations with Russia. Against this background, the Ukraine crisis threatened a complete political estrangement between Moscow and Paris. Waking up to this, President Hollande attempted summit diplomacy by inviting Putin to the D-day anniversary celebrations in Normandy in June 2014. This, however, has changed the overall situation only at the margins. All that remains is essentially the commercial relationship, which still matters: despite all its criticism of Russian policies in Ukraine, France decided not to halt the building and delivery of two warships, one of them named Sevastopol, for the Russian Navy.
Russia’s relations with the EU as a whole reached their peak in the early 2000s with the agreement on building EU-Russian “common spaces,” in which the union would share with its neighbors “everything . . . but institutions”—that is, everything bar Russia’s membership in the EU. Now, that relationship is being reduced to the technical level, with its content filled with managing conflicts over EU energy policies, Gazprom’s operations in EU countries, and Russian gas transit across Ukraine.
It needs to be recalled that it was the EU’s Eastern Partnership that was at the origin of the Ukraine crisis. The union’s insistence on the exclusivity of its relations with Ukraine left little room for compromise with Moscow on the issue. The last EU-Russia summit, held in January 2014 in Brussels—that is, in the middle of the Ukraine crisis and just before the EU formally suspended such contacts—has demonstrated the utter dysfunction of the top-level relationship. However, the appointment of Jean-Claude Juncker, prime minister of Luxembourg from 1995 to 2013 and one in good standing in Moscow, as the new head of the European Commission may lead to a better connection between the commission and the Kremlin.
The NATO-Russia relationship reached an intense phase in 2009–2010, when the two parties discussed a strategic partnership and the possibility of building joint missile defenses, but then it languished. After Crimea, ties took a U-turn back toward Cold War hostility. The NATO-Russia Council, which had a mission to avert crises, has been rendered inoperable. Russia is no longer designated a NATO partner, but rather an adversary. This change is likely to be formalized at the alliance’s summit in September 2014 in Wales. Meanwhile, NATO is in the process of redeploying its forces closer to Russia’s border, which could lead to a restoration, even if on a symbolic scale, of the Cold War Russian-Western military standoff in Europe, only this time much farther to the east.
Faced with an increasingly hostile West, Russia is visibly turning east. This geopolitical rebalancing of the country had been under way since 2012, but it accelerated in early 2014. Putin’s most important visit since the beginning of the Ukraine crisis was in May 2014 to Shanghai, where Gazprom signed a thirty-year gas contract worth $400 billion. The deal’s importance can be compared with a similar accord concluded in the 1960s that brought Russian gas to West Germany for the first time. Moscow and Beijing vow to more than double their bilateral trade to $200 billion by 2020, that is, roughly half of their current turnover with the EU. Putin is scheduled to visit Japan later in 2014 in an effort to keep Russia’s technology and investment channel to the country open. And Moscow is expected to reinvigorate ties with India, particularly in the defense technology sphere, under the leadership of newly elected Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Putin publicly praised both India and China for their “restraint” during the Ukraine crisis.
In fact, China abstained during the UN General Assembly vote on Crimea. Beijing is certainly not in favor of changing borders, including in Europe. However, China is most vehemently opposed to regime change and interference in other countries’ internal affairs. Beijing abhors Maidan-style revolutions, which remind its leaders of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, and is suspicious of U.S.-supported democracy programs. In June 2014, it issued statements reasserting Beijing’s sovereignty and overall control over Hong Kong and Macau. China’s abstention was thus coupled with a fair amount of sympathy for Russia.
A fundamental deterioration of U.S.-Russian relations carries a series of challenges for China. In particular, Beijing will need to be careful not to lean too much toward either of the rivals and provoke the anger of the other. Yet, China has much more to gain than to lose from recent developments.
China will seek to exploit Russia’s alienation from the United States and its estrangement from the EU to gain a better deal in its energy relations with Russia. As a result, Gazprom has probably settled for a lower price for its future gas exports to China. The rise in the cost of Western credit for Russia would allow China to offer Russia cash on terms that would pave the way to China’s direct participation in energy projects in Siberia and the Arctic.
In May 2014, China and Russia engaged in joint naval exercises in the East China Sea—the site of territorial disputes between China and Japan—which allowed Beijing to send a message to Tokyo. The Russians, watching Japan’s siding with the United States on the issue of economic sanctions against Russia, have not objected to a tougher Chinese stance in the region. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, however, will continue to press Russia to provide more technologically advanced weapons, such as its S-400 air defense system or Su-35 aircraft. Although Moscow’s consent is not a given, and the Russia-China relationship is not about to evolve into a military alliance, the alignment between the two powers is becoming closer.
The Western economic sanctions against Russia leave China as the one major economy unaffected by the new measures. China is already Russia’s biggest trading partner. Trade between the countries was worth over $88 billion in 2013,10 and it is likely to grow as Russia’s trade with EU countries, worth about $410 billion in 2013,11 contracts. The shift in Russia’s trade pattern from West to East would lead to a reconfiguring of Moscow’s Eurasian Economic Union project. Rather than being an element in Putin’s original idea of a Greater Europe from Lisbon to Vladivostok, the Eurasian union may become an add-on to, or even an extension of, China’s Silk Road project. If so, “Eurasia” would morph into something that some Russians, a hundred years ago, facetiously called Asiopa, making Russia an extension of Asia.
The closer the relationship between Moscow and Beijing, the more Russia will need to take China’s interests into account. This situation, in which Russia will depend significantly more on China than vice versa, will give China access to Russia’s natural and military-technological resources, a perfectly safe strategic rear, and a position of de facto hegemon in eastern, northern, and central Eurasia. That is something unseen since the days of thirteenth-century Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan and his early successors. The attainment of such a commanding position could lead to a qualitative change in China’s foreign policy.
The hope of constructing a strategic relationship between Russia and Japan, and of finally solving their territorial dispute over the Kuril Islands in the process, was rekindled after Shinzo Abe’s arrival as Japan’s prime minister in 2012. But after Ukraine, that hope faces a tough test. Japan is still interested in a relationship with Russia to partially offset the geopolitical pressure from China, but there is little that can actually be done now, under the circumstances. In its stand-off with Beijing, Tokyo has had to rely increasingly on the United States and, as a trade-off, follow its guidance on anti-Russian sanctions. Moscow cannot ignore this, even as it is itself becoming more dependent on China. The outlook for Russia-Japan final reconciliation is not yet completely hopeless, but it has definitely worsened since early 2014.
Apart from Japan, Russia is interested in maintaining links with other advanced Asian economies, such as South Korea and Singapore. However, both countries are heavily dependent on the United States for their security and will follow Washington on sanctions. To raise the stakes in Seoul, Moscow is expanding political and economic contacts with Pyongyang, hoping for its cooperation on gas and rail links between Russia and South Korea across North Korean territory. In Southeast Asia, Russia’s gateway to the region remains Vietnam, but the main target is Indonesia.
India faces a number of challenges in its region that are not dissimilar from Russia’s in its own neighborhood. Yet it is not fully clear how the new Indian government, led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), will approach relations with Russia within its revised foreign policy concept for India. In the 1970s, Indo-Russian relations already survived one shift from a Congress-led government to one headed by the BJP, and Moscow sees no need for change in its attitude toward New Delhi now. There has never been any aversion or reservation toward Modi in the Kremlin of the sort that have been laid out in Western media. The dispatch to New Delhi in June 2014 of Dmitri Rogozin, a deputy prime minister in charge of the military-industrial complex, demonstrates the continuity of Russian priorities vis-à-vis India.
The Ukraine crisis has not much affected Russian-Western cooperation in Afghanistan. Both Russia and the United States generally oppose the Taliban movement and support the Kabul government. However, in a deepening crisis over Ukraine, in particular if it involves Russian military action and U.S. lethal military aid to Kiev, the Russians may have to hit back, including by sponsoring attacks against U.S. troops abroad.
The Middle East
To date, Moscow has not broken ranks with other world powers on the Iranian nuclear issue. Its policy has been fairly consistent over the years. Russia does not welcome a nuclear-weapons-armed Iran and supports a negotiated solution with Tehran. Yet, the fundamental worsening of Russian-Western relations allows Moscow to pursue bilateral relations with Iran with fewer constraints. This refers to nuclear energy, oil and gas, and arms deals, all based on pragmatic considerations: a Russo-Persian alliance is unlikely in view of many differences between Moscow and Tehran and thick layers of mutual suspicion. One particular constraint is Russia’s important relationship with Israel, which Moscow will not give up unless Jerusalem drops its neutral stance and joins the U.S.-led condemnation of Russia.
Elsewhere in the Middle East, Russia’s hardball policies in Ukraine and its defiance of the United States have won it increased credibility. Moscow’s ties with Damascus, which it refused to abandon despite pressure from Washington, have strengthened, and its relationship with Cairo is undergoing a renaissance under a new military-backed government. In addition, Russia is reaching out to the conservative monarchies of the Gulf and Jordan. In a spectacular move in June 2014, Russia delivered SU-25 ground attack fighter jets to Iraq to be used against the advancing Islamist extremists. This is not yet an introduction to a regional strategy for the Middle East, but in an area that traditionally respects force and the resolve to use it, Russia has stepped up its stance since the beginning of 2014.
Turkey finds itself in an ambivalent position vis-à-vis Russia and Ukraine. Crimea is home to about 300,000 Tatars, who have the support of a million-strong diaspora in Turkey. The Russian authorities’ outreach to the Crimean Tatars before and after the peninsula’s independence referendum has not done away with the historic wariness, even hostility, toward Russia among the diaspora. Turkey is also a U.S. ally within NATO, and it picked a different side from Russia’s in the Syrian conflict. Yet, Turkey’s neo-Ottoman ambitions of a regional power set it apart from the United States and the EU. Turkey also values its economic, particularly energy, relations with Russia. Armenia’s accession to the Eurasian union has not been ignored by Ankara, but it came with an offer to structure an economic relationship between the union and Turkey. Finally, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, while the subject of strong criticism in the West, particularly in Europe, is portrayed in Russia as a strong leader and enjoys a working relationship with Putin.
In the Arctic, all of Russia’s neighbors are NATO member states. The Ukraine crisis has thus added a northern flank to the western theater of renewed confrontation. In the middle of the Crimea episode, Russian forces exercised in the Arctic Ocean. Of Russia’s Arctic neighbors, Canada, with a larger and powerful Ukrainian diaspora and already deeply suspicious of Moscow’s policies in the region, has gone furthest, after the United States, in condemning and sanctioning Russia. A slowdown and even a breakdown in Arctic cooperation, which began so auspiciously in 2008, cannot be ruled out in these circumstances. Elements of militarization of the area, particularly on the Russian side, are already evident. At the same time, Moscow uses legal arguments in international forums to promote its claims to an enlarged economic zone in the Arctic.
Russia is openly challenging the U.S.-dominated order, having seen its own vital security interests challenged by U.S.-friendly forces in Ukraine. Moscow will not back off on issues of principle, and Washington cannot be expected to recognize Russia’s sphere of influence in Ukraine and elsewhere in Eurasia. The United States will also refuse to treat Russia as an equal. Most importantly, the elements of trust that existed in U.S.-Russian relations in the 1990s and that reemerged briefly in the 2000s have been fundamentally shattered. The relationship has become essentially adversarial, as in the days of the U.S.-Soviet Cold War or, more to the point, the Russo-British Great Game.
The elements of trust that existed in U.S.-Russian relations in the 1990s and that reemerged briefly in the 2000s have been fundamentally shattered.
Unlike in 2008 in the South Caucasus, the current conflict will not be a bump in the road that will soon lead to a new reset. Russian President Vladimir Putin has scored a huge success domestically by returning Crimea to Russia, simultaneously creating a major obstacle to future accommodation not only with Ukraine but primarily with the United States and Europe. No lasting settlement will be possible without resolving the Crimea issue. Bracketing off Crimea from consideration in the relations between Russia and the West—unlike the successful bracketing off of Abkhazia and South Ossetia during the 2009 reset of U.S.-Russian relations—is unlikely. The eventual Crimea settlement, like German settlement at the end of the Cold War, will be the result of the long competition whose outcome is unknowable at this point.
The Ukrainian situation, despite the country’s May 2014 presidential elections, is far from stable and has a potential for social unrest, political upheaval, and territorial fragmentation. It will be years before Ukraine acquires a modicum of stability. Russia’s tactics with regard to the country will change, but the goal will remain: at minimum, to keep Ukraine as neutral ground, a buffer, between Russia to the east and the EU and NATO to the west. Such neutrality, however, may have an insufficient number of supporters in Ukraine itself and may be hard to maintain. Ideally, Russia would want Ukraine, which it sees as belonging to the same Orthodox Christian/Eastern Slavic civilization, to join its Eurasian union. This runs counter to the policies aimed at associating Ukraine ever closer with the European Union and the United States. More conflicts in Ukraine will stoke U.S.-Russian confrontation.
To reassure Eastern European allies, Obama has initiated a series of measures to restore a “holding line” against Russia in Europe along the eastern borders of the Baltic states, Poland, and Romania. Sandwiched between these countries and Russia, however, will be Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia. These states will be the battleground in the U.S.-Russian fight for influence that will be the essence of the new Great Game. A number of other countries and territories, including Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Russian North Caucasus and Crimea, and the Baltic states, may also be affected by this competition. It will be some time before the geopolitical status and orientation of the post-Soviet states is settled and another period of relative stability begins.
The U.S.-Russian conflict feeds into the global system, where great-power tensions are on the rise. In particular, the confrontation may affect Sino-U.S. relations by creating a highly uneven U.S.-China-Russia triangle in which China, rather than the United States, will be the central player. Since the early 1990s, Western analysts have been routinely dismissing any significant impact of a Sino-Russian rapprochement for U.S. interests, pointing to Russia’s evident weakness and its purported fear of China. In the mid-to-late 2010s, with Russia engaged in a confrontation with the United States and more distant from Europe than before, Moscow may grow more dependent on Beijing and become a more pliant partner to it. However, Russia is unlikely to lose its strategic independence to China, having fought for it against the United States. Besides China, Russia will be reaching out to other non-Western players to diminish U.S. global power and influence and to help build a more balanced international system. Great-power concert with Russia part of it, rather than a bipolar world or global domination, remains Russia’s foreign policy ideal.
Even if the Western sanctions regime imposed on Russia is not too strict, it will not be lifted soon either, marring the relationship with the United States for a long time. The sanctions will create an atmosphere in Russia of a country under constant U.S. pressure. This will stimulate Russian patriotism and nationalism focused on the United States as an external adversary. More sanctions will probably only enhance this feeling and aid the government’s mobilization efforts. For the United States and some of its allies, present-day Russia, on the contrary, will embody all the wickedness of the former Communist regime, and worse. The trust needed to start moving toward accommodation and building a new relationship will be unavailable on either side for a very long time. When and how the U.S.-Russian conflict will end is impossible to predict. The powers have entered uncharted waters.
1 The term “Ukraine crisis” is used here to refer to the international relations phenomenon, which is also described as a “crisis over Ukraine.” This is in contrast to the term “Ukrainian crisis,” which is centered on the domestic developments in that country.
2 Also Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, and Moldova.
3 Under a treaty signed in May 2014, the Eurasian Economic Union of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus will be launched on January 1, 2015, if the treaty is ratified by the three countries’ parliaments. Armenia and Kyrgyzstan are also on the way to joining the new union.
4 United Nations General Assembly, “Voting Record on Draft Resolution A/68/L.39 Territorial Integrity of Ukraine,” https://papersmart.unmeetings.org/en/ga/68th-session/plenary-meetings/documents/voting-record/resolution-68262.
5 Council of Europe, “The Common European Home,” speech by Mikhail Gorbachev, July 6, 1989, www.coe.int/aboutcoe/index.asp?page=nosInvites&sp=gorbachev.
6 President of Russia, “Speech in the Bundestag of the Federal Republic of Germany,”
September 25, 2001, http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2001/09/25/0001_type82912type82914_138535.shtml.
7 President of Russia, “The Draft of the European Security Treaty,” November 29, 2009, http://eng.news.kremlin.ru/news/275.
8 European Union, “Road Map for the Common Economic Space—Building Blocks for Sustained Economic Growth,” Annex 1, 2003,
9 “Basescu: I Am Glad Second Romanian State Goes to EU After First One,”
Agerpres, November 29, 2013, www.agerpres.ro/news-of-the-day/2013/11/29/basescu-i-am-glad-second-romanian-state-goes-to-eu-after-first-one-19-55-58.
10 Dmitri Trenin, “Russia Faces Tough Road to Success,” China Daily, May 19, 2014, www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2014-05/19/content_17516306.htm.
11 “Trade Turnover Between Russia and the EU in 2013 Exceeded $410 Billion,” Gazeta.ru, January 28, 2014, www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2014/01/28/n_5908321.shtml. | <urn:uuid:d29580d2-9992-4276-96e3-94c9ddb7de75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://carnegiemoscow.org/publications/56113 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.963887 | 15,391 | 2.625 | 3 |
UPD: Subbotnik Festival is canceled due to imposed restrictions
On October 30, citywide Saturday clean-ups will take place in St. Petersburg. We decided to support this initiative and implement it creatively. This is how a subbotnik festival appeared with various activities: from a green swap to a workout with a rake.
We ironically interpreted the Soviet holiday "Labor Day" (the festival was named "Pre-last October day. Plogging. Park") and changed its concept, keeping the bright message. Shared Saturday cleaning has been diversified by plogging, kids research, green swap and more – Here we share the schedule!
• 9:00 - Autumn Birdwatching
Let's get acquainted with the birds of the Park together with the Ecological and Biological Center "Krestovsky Island" @ecobiospb;
• 10:30 - Flora tour
20,370 trees have been planted in Primorsky Victory Park - a great opportunity to learn more about the species and improve your skills in botany;
• 11:00 - three outdoor workouts at once:
- workout with a rake: active training with a professional athlete and trainer Pavel Mironov @pashymironov;
- yoga plogging - a series of assanas and meditative foliage collection with @bikramyogaspb;
- dance cleaning of foliage: hot zumba training in a duet with a rake partner who will definitely not crush his legs.
• 12:00 - children's scientific research "Water world of the PPPark". Children, together with the ecological organization Friends of the Baltic @baltfriends, will analyze the water in ponds for the presence of microplastics and learn how it can be dangerous for the environment;
• 13:00 - green swap in the Orangerie: already a traditional exchange of plants with advice on care from the Park specialists. Bring your green friends!
Participation in the activities is free by appointment - links in the profile header in our Instagram. See you at the subbotnik festival! | <urn:uuid:bd7ad6da-bd0b-46e5-a3f9-acd8a885f805> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://pppark.ru/tpost/d2al48go51-pre-last-october-day-plogging-a-park | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.927436 | 429 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Still Dre piano notes is a lovely sheet music. The music is written by well recognized American record producer and rapper “Dr. Dre.” The music featured his fellow rapper “Snoop Dogg.” I will be enclosing the link to download the sheet music on this page. In my last post, I revealed a link to download A Million Dreams sheet music in PDF and MP3.
- Best of Snoop Dogg Still Dre sheet music
- Download Still Dre music score in pdf and mp3
- Download Still Dre score sheet music in pdf and mp3
Still Dre piano notes by Snoop Dogg PDF
A short history about Still Dre piano notes by Dr. Dre
“Still Dre” is a lovely song by well-known American rapper “Dr. Dre.” He featured his fellow rapper “Calvin Cordozar Broadus Jr,” professionally known as Snoop Dogg.
The track was recorded in 1999 and finally released on the 2nd of November, 1999. It was released through the “Jim Henson Company Lot,” known as A&M Studio (Hollywood) and Record One studio (Los Angeles).
Dr. Dre Biography [Still Dre piano notes composer]
In his teens, Dr. Dre began his career as a D.J. and has always been a music enthusiast. With the rap group N.W.A., he had his first great breakthrough, and in 1991, he co-founded Death Row Records.
His debut solo album, The Chronic, was a tremendous breakthrough in 1992. Aftermath Entertainment was founded by Dre in 1996 when he signed Eminem and 50 Cent to the label. He co-founded Beats Electronics with Jimmy Iovine and profited handsomely from the company’s sale to Apple in 2014.
Dre moved in with his mother after his parents divorced, and she remarried multiple times. They traveled around a lot and resided at the Wilmington Arms housing project in Compton at one point.
Dre exhibited an aptitude for drawing while at Centennial High School, but he neglected his other classes. Dre went to Chester Adult School after transferring to Fremont High School.
But he wasn’t interested in education; instead, he wanted to compose music. In 1984, Dre acquired a music mixer for Christmas and converted his family’s house into a music studio. He’d work his magic for hours, combining bits and pieces of other tunes and noises to create his sound.
Get the Piano sheet music below:
Get the music in MP3 below: | <urn:uuid:29dd16b7-b2e3-407e-931f-9d4029bb7265> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sheetmusic.kongashare.com/still-dre-piano-notes-dr-dre-sheet-music/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.972301 | 539 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Virtual Wi-Fi Router is portable freeware for Windows NT, Vista, Server 2008, and 7, but it runs in Windows 8, too. Virtual Wi-Fi Router has a small, simple user interface with tabs for displaying
Virtual Router Manager is a free virtual router software for Windows. Using it, you can easily convert your system into an internet sharing virtual router through which you can share your internet with other nearby devices like smartphones, laptops, etc. Internet shared by this software is secured with WPA2 security and every device needs to provide the correct password in order to connect Sep 12, 2017 · Connectify Hotspot’s virtual router functionalities are fully compatible with any routing scenario. The software app runs on Windows PCs and laptops and allows you to share any type of Internet connection via Wi-Fi Hotspot or wired Ethernet. Virtual Router Plus by Runxia Electronics Co. Ltd is an open source application that will allow you to turn your system into a virtual router which you will be able to use to share Internet connectivity with other devices. Virtual Router – WiFi Hot Spot. A simple and useful tool, Virtual Router – WiFi Hotspot is a great free alternative to Connectify. It is a windows program that was created by a Microsoft MVP for Bing Maps and Carto LLC Co-Founder named, Chris Pietschmann. This free software turns your windows PC into a virtual WiFi router in a matter of
Sep 12, 2017 · Connectify Hotspot’s virtual router functionalities are fully compatible with any routing scenario. The software app runs on Windows PCs and laptops and allows you to share any type of Internet connection via Wi-Fi Hotspot or wired Ethernet.
Virtual Router is a free, open source software based router for PCs running Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008 R2. Using Virtual Router, users can wirelessly share any internet connection (Wifi, LAN
Oct 13, 2016 · Editor’s note: We’ve renamed our product suite. The VMR is now referred to as Solace PubSub+. See our products page for more information. *** Today we’re introducing Release 7.2 of the VMR. It’s a big step forward for the VMR in features, performance,Read More ›
Virtual Router Plus Download (Latest) for Windows 10, 8, 7 – This Virtual Router Plus App installation file is absolutely not hosted on our Server. Whenever you click the “ Download ” hyperlink on this page, files will downloading directly from the owner sources Official Website. A virtual router is a software-based system that does everything your hardware router can do (and some things it can’t). A virtual router like Connectify Hotspot can broadcast WiFi right from your PC, so that any other WiFi-enabled device can get online. Virtual Wi-Fi Router is portable freeware for Windows NT, Vista, Server 2008, and 7, but it runs in Windows 8, too. Virtual Wi-Fi Router has a small, simple user interface with tabs for displaying Jan 20, 2016 · Virtual Router is a user interface for something Windows is already capable of and quite useful. Virtual Router is software which can create WiFi hotspots. Virtual Router on 32-bit and 64-bit PCs. This download is licensed as freeware for the Windows (32-bit and 64-bit) operating system on a laptop or desktop PC from wifi software without Virtual Router Plus is a File Transfer and Networking application like Unified Remote, Explorer Pro, and Fing from Runxia Electronics Co. Ltd. It has a simple and basic user interface, and most importantly, it is free to download. | <urn:uuid:fd69cf2e-b603-4c98-b7b0-6ddd4198f231> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vpnbesttyqaafb.netlify.app/bunyard78633nuhu/virtual-router-alternative-zuw.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.855125 | 742 | 1.5625 | 2 |
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WIDE use of underfloor oil engines both in single-deck and doubledeck buses in this country, was foreshadowed by Mr. T. H. Parkinson, rolling-stock engineer, of Leeds Transport Department, in a recent address to the North-eastern Centre of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Automobile Division) at Leeds.
Referring to bus power-unit development, Mr. Parkinson thought it unlikely that any radical change would be made in the immediate future. There was increasing interest in the two-stroke unit, which possessed outstanding advantages in relation to curtailment of weight and bulk, but it was reasonable to predict the continued use and development of the 9-10-litre fourstroke oil engine. Furthermore, there was strong evidence to support the view that its further development would be as a flat, underfloor engine.
The reduction of front-axle loading through the better weight distribution given by the underfloor engine would materially ease steering, and an advantage on the maintenance side was that this type of engine offered quicker removal and replacement than did orthodox layouts.
Retention of existing transmission systems was indicated, but possibilities of the development of hydraulic transmission units were visualized. Improvements in power-to-weight ratios and the relation of torque governors to the characteristics of the large power unit were factors which would offer encouragement in the search for performance with the minimum of gear changes.
Adoption of independent front suspension could be reasonably predicted. Coupled with the better weight distribu
tion afforded by the underfloor engine, this would contribute to improved comfort.
One of many points in Mr. Parkinson's detailed review of development since the war was that the introduction of the large power unit had been accompanied by piston troubles relatively unknown in the smaller pre-war engine, Crankcase rigidity and greater bearing areas indicated substantial increases in mileages between major overhauls.
The use of larger engines had opened up the possibility of in situ replacement of cylinder liners and piston assemblies. Results to date, however, had not fully justified this method, and there was a move back to interferencefit cylinder liners. Substantial piston trouble had been evidenced, particularly in toroidal designs. A major improvement was the better heat dissipation obtained by means of modified systems.
Engine Life Longer
The replacement of timing chains by gears and improved crankshaft-journal life were increasing mileages between major-unit overhauls. Standard cylinder-sleeve material indicated a 20per-cent. improvement in life in smaller units, and service experience with chromium-plated top rings and modified sleeve materials showed that cylinder-block life could be raised to upwards of 150,000 miles without reconditioning.
Marked progress had been achieved in fuel injection equipment, Mr. Parkinson continued, but piping was still a weak link. Combustion noise had been diminished by the use of pilot injection, but whether the results justified the additional complication was debatable. Experiments with lower injector pressures, with the same end hi view, had shown that reduction in noise could be achieved at the cost of shorter intervals between adjustments. More attention to pump development was necessary to meet the improved mechanical characteristics of larger power units.
A point of criticism which Mr. Parkinson raised in his review of postwar brake development was that, under present-day conditions, it should not be necessary to remove front hubs before replacement brake shoes could be fitted. Further, it did not, appear that front-hub lubrication received the attention that it merited, a deficiency reflected in the need for removal for manual packing. A filling and bleeding plug could surely be provided to enable the hub centre to be charged with I uhricant.
Post-war body development had been such that, apart from accidents, body frames offered long life with a minimum of maintenance. Further development was now necessary in relation to interior finishes, particularly as applied to upper saloons. Progress had been made in the standardization of seat frames, but their removal and replacement were still sufficiently difficult to discourage the operator from doing this work during the reconditioning of the saloon. Further development on seats was indicated, particularly to facilitate removal and interchangeability of squabs.
The adoption of metal interior finishes encouraged in situ paint reconditioning, hut further progress was necessary in materials to provide a satisfactory interior roof finish. | <urn:uuid:70b23b7d-69b9-4efa-8d14-19f69efffcc5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/10th-march-1950/41/underfloor-engined-double-deckers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.970631 | 934 | 2.78125 | 3 |
The Antique Shop, one of the few businesses in West Chester owned by African-Americans, closed its doors for good on Feb. 28, writes Bill Rettew for the Daily Local News.
The lease for the shop on North Church Street was not renewed. A restaurant will be opened at the site.
Partners Alice Thomas and Jean Newsome spent nearly three decades running antique shops in the borough on Church and Market streets. At 91, Thomas, a Thornbury Township resident, decided it was time to retire.
The Antique Shop sold collectibles, antiques, glassware, and more. Its well-organized storefront and basement were always packed from floor to ceiling with interesting items.
In her lifetime, Thomas has seen West Chester change from a place where Black people were not served in some restaurants, or were limited to the movie house balcony, to a much more accepting place.
“West Chester is a lot better,” she said. “I’m treated with respect because I earned respect.”
Thomas is also an author, whose autobiography Surviving Racism: A Memoir of Life, Love, and Faith covers her 35-year career as a caseworker at Henderson High School.
Read more about The Antique Shop in the Daily Local News. | <urn:uuid:771ae814-0aa0-440d-849c-6be0f64b2f8e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vista.today/2022/03/african-american-business-closes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.975079 | 267 | 1.835938 | 2 |
New Portable Signal Generator
GED completed development of a portable RF Signal Generator Ranging from 1 to 2 GHz with 100kHz Resolution. The generator is fully
PC-programmable and features programmable pre-set frequencies, amplitude control, disable outputs, automatic reference detect and many other features making it extremely versatile.
This is the newest member of our diverse family of frequency sythesizers.
Frequency: The output frequency.
Output Level: Power delivered at the output of the Frequency Synthesizer.
Output Flatness: The flatness of the output power over the working frequency range.
Output Impedance: Nominal output impedance of the Frequency Synthesizer
Phase Noise: Commonly, phase noise is defined as the single-sideband noise power, and it given by the signal in
1Hz bandwidth at f m Hz away from the carrier, divided by the total signal power.
Harmonic: Level of the harmonics of the output frequency relative to the output frequency output power.
Spurious Output: Level of any discrete un-wanted output not related to the output frequency with relative to the output frequency output power.
Standard Reference: Time base reference input.
Supply Voltages: DC voltages supplied to the Frequency Synthesizer. In some cases, an auxiliary high voltage (low
current) is required for wide frequency range in addition with the normal supply voltages.
320 South Pacific St.|
San Marcos, CA 92078 | <urn:uuid:7dbb39bf-fe33-4a0e-9ff8-62771fa2735e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gedlm.com/Frequency-Synthesizer/Frequency-Synthesizers-Requirement-Sources.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.822592 | 372 | 2.21875 | 2 |
WEBINAR: Accelerating the 10 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding in West and Central Africa. Leveraging Experiences from Southeast Asia
The Stronger with Breastmilk Only regional initiative, a collaboration of UNICEF, WHO and Alive & Thrive, is pleased to invite stakeholders to a 90-minute webinar on August 22 at 12:00 GMT to discuss how to accelera
Updated February 2022!
This quick guide summarizes the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (The Code) and relevant resolutions of the World Health Assembly that help protect breastfeeding around the globe.
Saving lives and giving newborns the best start: Critical nutrition interventions for mothers and infants in the perinatal period
This technical brief highlights key factors that influence newborn nutritional outcomes and the evidence-based practices that can be applied globally to support optimal infant nutrition within the first 28 days. | <urn:uuid:b438c38e-1f28-4fda-955a-491d275e9e0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aliveandthrive.org/en/resources?where_term=madagascar&tax=where&term_id=161&f%5B0%5D=languages%3A260&f%5B1%5D=languages%3A263&f%5B2%5D=languages%3A265&f%5B3%5D=topics%3A287 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.853976 | 181 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Imagine going onto Dragons’ Den and walking out rejected. This is exactly what happened to Claire and John Brumby from Grimsby. After securing a deal with Waitrose they entered the Den asking for an investment of £75,000.
This business is a great example for many business teachers to use for a variety of topics, such as:
- Enterprise/ Entrepreneur skills
- Sources of finance
- Marketing mix
- Marketing strategy- Ansoff/ Porter
Scrubbys have been a huge success in the UK and are selling everywhere from supermarkets to Harrods! They have become a great success in this market of healthy alternatives to traditional crisps.
Vegetable crisp brand Scrubbys is also finding success, after it secured a listing in Waitrose in August and is on track to achieve £350k turnover for 2014/15 according to co-founder Clare Brumby. She says: “We strongly believe demand for healthier crisps will only continue to grow and has the potential to eclipse sales of the more traditional variety as consumers continue to increase the importance that they place on health and nutrition.”
It’s great to show a success story that the Dragons failed to invest in, and to show that perseverance and risk taking really do pay off! Scrubbys co-founder Claire Brumby said viewing her unsuccessful bid for £75,000 of funding with husband John in the Dragons’ Den was like “watching other people”, such is the progress made since the screening. http://www.grimsbytelegraph.co.uk/Scrubby-s-founder-opens-bag-Dragons-Den/story-21667317-detail/story.html
A great way to use this piece is to start with asking students whether they would invest in this product and ask them to debate the reasons for and against and then you can show the dragons decision and what has happened since! It goes to show that you don’t always need the ‘famous’ financial backers. You just need hard work determination and resilience- many of the skills taught in the enterprise part of the A level course.
It also links well with so many topics throughout the A level course, marketing strategy being a great one:
- Is this differentiation?
- Have they succeeded?
- What would Ansoff’s matrix say?
- What would Porter’s generic strategies suggest?
- How does the business continue to move forward in the future?
Get students to engage in a debate about the strategies that they have used and ask them to evaluate the success. A brilliant business to examine at any point of the course! | <urn:uuid:e90bead2-f1ae-48a1-b9c1-612dca1f6215> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://freedomtoteach.collins.co.uk/level-business-case-study-scrubbys-vegetable-crisps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.935698 | 758 | 1.945313 | 2 |
February 17 Service at 10:30 AM
This service will honor Gertrude O’Kelly who was one of the most influential people in the life of a southern girl raised in Memphis, Tennessee, during the 1950’s. A childhood of being cared for each day by Gertie gradually led to the girl’s realization about the injustices in Gertie’s life and the unearned privilege in her own. This insight inspired the girl to begin a journey to find a more just community. This is the story of Gertie and Edith.
Professional clarinetist Margo McGowan will return to inspire us with her soulful clarinet.
Judy Putnam will add her piano accompaniment to Margo’s playing. | <urn:uuid:e30584f2-db6b-4382-988c-90384d72c7bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nsuu.org/2019/02/10/this-sundays-service-a-vote-for-gertie/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.923592 | 164 | 1.59375 | 2 |
RED TEAM DOCUMENTATION
In a football match, there’s always offensive, defensive and center player roles in every team. Offensive players are the ones trying to break the defensive perimeter of the opponent and strike a goal, the defensive players are the ones trying to prevent the opponent from breaking their guard while the center player does enhancing both these for their team.
The same ones do exist in information security sector. The roles and responsibilities are the same as that of football but the terms used to define them vary. Here, the center team is the Purple team, the defensive team is the Blue team while the offensive team is none other than the Red team. This document will elucidate the deeds of Red team swiftly.
WHAT IS RED TEAM?
Red teams emulate real world attacking scenarios by getting into the shoes of a malicious hacker and launching attacks on a target’s security environment to exploit the systems/networks as much as possible. This is done by using various tools (both paid and commercial), techniques (based on OWASP, NIST, PTES and others) and through malicious coding practices.
It is an effective way to show the prevalent loopholes persisting in an organization’s security landscape, the potential ways they could be exploited and the attacks that could be driven from then and destroying the feel of ‘Zen’ for an organization. It further provides a pre-glimpse on how miserable things would look if security posture gets compromised.
Of-course, this is a Himalayan feat but the well-planned strategies deployed and executed make this look simple for hackers. Even the most sophisticated firewall and antivirus in the world means trivial against a well-planned deceiving strategy for hackers, which makes red team presence inevitable for an organization to foresee and prevent such occurrences.
What are some common Red Team tactics?
Many may wonder why Red teamers are more paid and dangerous than traditional pentesters?
Traditional testers only test the target using antiquated and routine techniques and their testing is confined within the given scope. This isn’t the case for Red teamers. They aren’t the old school testing guys whom practice monotonous techniques during testing. They are just given a task “Break this organization’s security defenses and gain internal access.” That’s it…. Since then, they use various tools (even indigenous), strategies, focus on various verticals (even through hardware compromises), updated hacking principles and execute all their wide range of prowess with one sole determination, “Break it!” Here are some of the most common ways that red team assessors do:
- Think outside the box: One sure quality for a skilled red teamer is to think outside the box and using or developing new tools and strategies to exploit the data and help blue team enrich their defense activity for helping company security. However, these wouldn’t be liked by the organization nor the blue team to be pin-pointed with their flaws but they’ve got to accept it if betterment is wanted.
- Dense Knowledge of systems: Having deep knowledge of computer systems, protocols and libraries and known methodologies will give you a clearer road to success. It’s crucial for a red team to possess an understanding of all systems and follow trends in technology. Having knowledge of servers and databases will allow you more options in finding ways to discover their vulnerabilities.
- Email and phone-based social engineering: With dedicated reconnaissance on individuals and organizations, phishing emails become undistinguishable from the legitimate ones and many fall into the bait of traps. This is the best weapon in red team’s arsenal as human insanity is ever an ongoing issue. Also, this is the most effective method to reach their goal i.e., do compromises.
- Network service exploitation: Exploiting unpatched or misconfigured network services can provide an attacker with access to previously inaccessible networks or to sensitive information. Often times, an attacker will leave a persistent back door in case they need access in the future. Red teamers waste no time in trying exploiting this.
- Physical facility exploitation: Gaining access to a secure facility is often as easy as following someone through a door. Red teamers sometimes try to impersonate as someone authentic or cover up as a doppelganger of another in order to gain physical access of the target, legitimately with the noble intention of indicating the physical security holes in an organization and ways to improve it.
- Application layer exploitation: Web applications are often the first thing an attacker sees when looking at an organization’s network perimeter. In order to give a chance for hackers, red teamers get into the shoes of a hacker and try to exploiting all the web application vulnerabilities (e.g., cross-site scripting, SQL injection, cross-site request forgery, etc) to fix the defects that detractors can use.
- Incessant R&D on it: A vulnerability that arose today becomes obsolete tomorrow as thousands of new ones pop-up every day. Hence, it’s mandatory for red team to know what are the latest vulnerabilities that are found and the ways they could be possibly exploited in order to check if organization security can be scoffed if a 3rd party manages to get it done. Thus, continous R&D is the key.
- Constantly updating the blue team: As much of the flaws red teamers find and exploit, they must also know to inform them to the blue team who’s responsible for the other side of the line, defense-in-depth. Constant discussions on the ways available for attacking, the ways for thwarting them, the ways to bypass those defenses, the ways to block them with better defensive techniques and this back-and-forth conversations must be ongoing by the red and blue team to best protect the organizations from any potential cyber threats.
- Discussions with the management team: If any requirements is lagging for red team, it should be brought to management notice rather waiting for them to ask and know about it. A weekly review of what are the deficit findings found, the insights given to blue team to numb these attacks by deploying better defenses, the progress in various researches and other such should be discussed during that time in order to make the management feel confident in their investments for the security team and happy to do more. | <urn:uuid:3bc174e0-74c1-4453-974c-6eec5aed92a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cycatz.com/red-teaming-exercise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945177 | 1,316 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Can periods start while breastfeeding?
Your first period after birth
Once they do return, your periods may be irregular, especially if you are still producing milk (lactating). The duration of your period can also change. It is not unusual to skip a period, or even for it to be a few months before your next one.
Can I get pregnant while breastfeeding and no period?
Yes, it’s possible to get pregnant any time from about three weeks after giving birth. This is true even if you’re breastfeeding and haven’t had a period yet. Many women are less fertile while they’re breastfeeding, especially in the early weeks and months.
Why am I getting my period while breastfeeding?
Though certain health conditions may cause irregular periods, hormonal changes are the most common cause when you’re breast-feeding. Once you start to ease up on breast-feeding, especially after the first year as your baby gains more nutrition from foods, your periods will start to normalize again.
Why did my period come back while breastfeeding?
If you have lower levels of progesterone, you’re likely to get your periods back earlier than mums with higher levels. So it’s possible that you could be breastfeeding around the clock, but still become fertile and start your periods again.
What are the signs of pregnancy while breastfeeding?
The symptoms of early pregnancy are also very similar to those of PMS, so it can be a little confusing – especially if you have been experiencing irregular cycles after giving birth.
However, some symptoms of becoming pregnant while breastfeeding include:
- Missed/late period.
- Sore breasts.
Is it hard to get pregnant when breastfeeding?
The simple answer is that you can get pregnant while nursing. However, many moms experience a time of delayed fertility during breastfeeding. This is very common and is referred to in many places as the Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM) of contraception.
What is your first period like after breastfeeding?
Your periods may be irregular, especially if you are still breastfeeding sometimes. At first, you may have some more clotting in your periods than before. Experts recommend seeking medical advice if you have blood clots in your period for at least a week. Some people find their periods get easier after pregnancy.
When do periods return after delivery?
Your period will typically return about six to eight weeks after you give birth, if you aren’t breastfeeding. If you do breastfeed, the timing for a period to return can vary. Those who practice exclusive breastfeeding might not have a period the entire time they breastfeed. | <urn:uuid:7c071371-c2c2-4bd0-a8f9-029107ab2392> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coder-kids.com/pregnancy-and-childbirth/when-do-periods-start-when-breastfeeding.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.937862 | 559 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Oriol Pi de Cabanyes (Vilanova i la Geltrú, Garraf, 1950) is a novelist and essayist.
At an early age, seventeen to be precise, he won first prize in the first Serra d’Or "Call to Young Writers" completion, while at the age of twenty-three he was awarded the Prudenci Bertrana Prize for his debut novel Oferiu flors als rebels que fracassaren (Offer Flowers to the Rebels Who Failed, 1973), a work that also received the Serra d'Or Critics' Prize for the Novel in 1974. This novel is significant in constituting a portrait of young people of the time. Oriol Pi de Cabanyes combines his work as a writer with teaching and among his novels are També les formigues, Dylan, algun dia ploraran de solitud (The Ants Too, Dylan, Will Cry of Loneliness Some Day), a finalist for the 1975 Josep Pla Prize, and Esquinçalls d'una bandera (Tatters of a Flag, 1977), a finalist for the 1976 Sant Jordi Prize. He has also published the short story collection Novenari d'ànimes (Novena of Souls, 1978).
As an essayist, Oriol Pi de Cabanyes has published La generació literària dels 70 (The '70s Literary Generation, 1971), which is co-authored with Guillem-Jordi Graells, and, as a specialist in the nineteenth century, La Renaixença (The Catalan Renaissance, 1978), Apunts d'història de la Renaixença (Notes on the History of the Catalan Renaissance, 1984) and Repensar Catalunya (Rethinking Catalonia, 1989). With this latter work he received the Josep Vallverdú Prize for the Essay in 1988. Notable, too, in his extensive oeuvre is the diary Llibre d'hores (1975-1978) (Book of Hours (1975 – 1978), 1980) and the book of travel writing Pel bell nord glaçat (Through the Beautiful Frozen North), for which he received the Sant Joan Prize in 1995.
A regular contributor to such publications as Serra d'Or, Avui and La Vanguardia, Oriol Pi de Cabanyes has also been director of the Víctor Balaguer Museum of Vilanova i la Geltrú, the Institute of Catalan Letters, the Catalan Government's Department of Culture and the Catalan Consortium for Promotion of Catalan Culture Abroad.
He was a board member of the Associació d'Escriptors en Llengua Catalana (Association of Catalan Language Writers) from 1978 to 1980.
Web page: Toni Terrades Oliver for AELC.
Documentation: Oriol Pi de Cabanyes and Teresa Costa-Gramunt.
Photographs: Author's personal files. | <urn:uuid:2ed4e432-d68c-4192-8c30-cda67c1650de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.escriptors.cat/autors/pidecabanyeso/english | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.766314 | 630 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Last night, at ten minutes to nine o’clock South African time, Nelson R. Mandela, popularly known as Madiba died. As dawn breaks this morning celebrations, ruminations, but mostly celebrations begin across South Africa in all circles of the South African Rainbow Nation. It is a long time since the world has seen one person’s life effect millions of other lives as President Mandela’s life has done. I have no doubt that volumes and volumes of the evidence of this reach will be put together sometime in the future.
Growing up in Nigeria, it was natural that what went on in South Africa was part of a youngster’s political awareness. It was only natural that as an African I felt insulted by the apartheid system and read everything that I could find on it. At Oyemekun Grammar School Akure where we had the school usual notice board ‘newspaper’ my contribution was boosted by my incessant listening to what was then the radio station that came out of Pretoria.
At the University of Ibadan I was for a short time president of what was then the International Students Society, which gave me opportunities to meet South African students studying in the university. During my time at the University of Edinburgh I got more directly involved with the cultural aspects of the work of the African National Congress in London under the leadership of Mandla Langa, who remains a friend and a confidant.
Together with him we organised meetings to educate students, especially students from other African countries, about the struggle in South Africa. My studies took me to Cairo from time to time and Radio Cairo’s programme to the rest of Africa in English and French provided opportunities to speak on the South African struggle.
As president of the Association of Nigerian Authors I was part of the organisation that invited sixteen South African writers, with the collaboration of the French embassy in Nigeria, to a writers’ conference in Lagos for writers from Africa and the Caribbean to meet South African writers – black, white coloured and Indian, in all their rainbow colours.
Against this background it was only natural that I would keep following what was happening in South Africa after I left Nigeria in 1988. The annual Black, African and Third World annual book fair organised by John La Rose and New Beacon Books of North London was a major meeting point for writers, publishers, book sellers from all over the world including South Africa.
Even before Nelson Mandela was released in February 1990, the writer Njabulo Ndebele had asked if I would like to come to teach at the National University of Lesotho, outside of Maseru. So after a year at the University of Stirling in Scotland, I accepted a visiting professorship at the university where Professor Ndebele was the Deputy Vice-Chancellor. During my stay in Lesotho I made a visit to Johannesburg to see Dr. Slabbert who had been the leader of the opposition in the all-white South African parliament.
There was some sensitivity from members of the against those who broke the cultural boycott of South Africa by visiting the country and having anything to do with the apartheid government and structures in any way. There were arguments and strong sentiments but for me it was more and more important to see and report on what was happening in the country.
One of the first things that Mandela’s release on February 1990 made possible was the falling away of the cultural boycott policy of the liberation movements. In February 1992 my family and I arrived in Cape Town to take up the post of a professor in the English department of the University of the Western Cape. The Vice Chancellor was Professor Jakes Gerwel while my friend, Professor Njabulo Ndebele had moved from the National University of Lesotho to assume the deputy vice-chancellorship here at the University of the Western Cape. When President Mandela began his presidency, Professor Jakes Gerwel became his Director General, a position that allowed me access to some interesting details of the relationship between Nigeria and the young newly independent democratic South Africa.
My prominence in the country came out of the early and later years of the cellular phone. My story became part of the story of the young democracy. I had appeared in a television advert for the then new Nissan pick-up, known as bukkie in South Africa. This was in 1993 when the National Party was still in power. I am shown repairing and rebuilding an old house on a piece of land I had just won back from the history of African deprivation in South Africa.
At the end of the day, I reflect on the old house, on the land which I hoped to pass on to my children and I place my tools into the back of the bukkie and drive into the sunset. Well, a week or so after the advert was shown on the television, it was pulled. The makers of the advert called me to say that they had had to pull it because some white farmers did not like the advert. The first reason was that black people do not buy bukkies. The second reason was that they did not like the idea of a black man talking of handing over land to his children. It was this advert that the newly formed Vodacom saw and asked if I would like to see a script about the cellphone. The rest is part of the history of advertising in South Africa.
My first meeting with Nelson Mandela was in the company of the late Bashorun M.K.O. Abiola. Sometime in 1991, Zwalake Sisulu, who edited a monthly magazine for the liberation struggle, had asked me if I could find someone to rescue the journal with some fund. I approached Bashorun Abiola. He requested details about the journal and he expressed interest. But about the same time, the idea was also being mooted that a newspaper be set up that would be sympathetic to the liberation movement in general and the African National Congress in particular.
It was within this ambiance that Bashorun Abiola came to Johannesburg and I flew from Cape Town and we had dinner with Nelson Mandela and his core ANC officers. Nothing came out of that project. But I remember a few things of that evening. There was a need for an extra chair to be placed at the table. Nelson Mandela identified the chair and I moved to carry it to the table but he had already taken hold of it and would not let me carry it!
During his presidency I would meet him at public functions and snatch a few words of what became an on-going conversation about Nigeria. The days before the judicial murder of Ken Saro-Wiwa I wrote to him to plead with the government of Nigeria to spare the lives of Ken and his colleagues. I wrote to other South Africans as well including Archbishop Tutu. None of them believed that Sani Abacha would hang the Ogoni nine.
During the events that followed the June 12 annulment of the election that would have seen Bashorun Abiola as president of Nigeria, President Mandela continued to interact with Sani Abacha. One of his interventions had to do with the plight of Bashorun Abiola’s family. Bashorun Abiola was in prison. His business had collapsed. His accounts had been blocked. The family approached President Mandela and he approached Sani Abacha who arranged to send money to President Mandela to be given to the family of Bashorun Abiola. And my former Vice Chancellor Professor Jakes Gerwel was the conduit for this relief fund.
Nelson Mandela’s life has much to teach us, no matter where we are in the world. The first is Nelson Mandela’s unapologetic attitude to the collateral damage that his devotion to the political life of his country imposed on his family. Yes, he would have loved to devote his time and resources to his family but fighting the apartheid system was something that came naturally to him and made his soul be at peace. He acknowledged the damage it did to his private life but he could not regret what he did.
The second lesson that Nelson Mandela teaches us with his life is that a leader must lead. At a time when no one in the liberation struggle would even dream of talking to the Afrikaner, Nelson Mandela had come to the conclusion that the African National Congress must lead the liberation struggle to negotiate for change in South Africa. I played the part of his colleague and fellow prisoner on Robben Island Govan Mbeki in the first film to be made of the struggle in which Sidney Poitier played Mandela. Govan Mbeki was a Marxist and open critic of any meeting with the enemy. I had six speaking opportunities in that film and all are questions about the possible betrayal of the movement by Mandela talking to the enemy. For Mandela, a leader leads by taking decisions to which he would gradually persuade his followers to follow.
The third lesson is the unambiguous decision to have only one single term. In a continent where nobody ever gives up political power, he left office after one term in power.
There will now follow controversy on the legacy of Nelson Mandela. Already, the African National Congress is nothing like the liberation movement that he led. Corruption is rife. Divisions have appeared within the ANC, and within the Congress of the South African Trade Unions. New political parties are coming into existence, parties which announce that they rather than the ANC can lead South Africa to the ideal of Nelson Mandela, a country where there was freedom and equal opportunity.
Whatever the conclusion of that controversy, it cannot be denied that goose pimples still grow on our skins as we watch Mandela sworn in as President of South Africa. His is the story of the hero who left home, fought the demons of his time and returned home triumphant. Nothing could sound or read sweeter to an African, given the negativity that had been heaped on Africa and the African throughout history. Nelson Mandela restored the dignity of Africa and the African. For this alone we thank him for being. We wish that his soul rest in peace.
Kole Omotoso is a professor of dramatic literature, writer, and cultural ambassador. He sent this piece from Akure, Ondo State, where he currently lives.
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TEXT AD: Call Willie - +2348098788999 | <urn:uuid:bc0a24d8-ef0b-484d-a196-36677815fff5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/150981-passing-nelson-rolihlahla-mandela-kole-omotosho.html?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.981854 | 2,203 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Thai New Year is celebrated with a four or five day holiday that falls in mid-April each year. The holiday, known as Songkran, is celebrated throughout Thailand, but Songkran in Chiang Mai is celebrated with true abandon. Festivities kick off at 6 a.m. at Thapae Gate, where Buddhist monks offer a blessing and join an alms-giving procession. Residents and visitors line the plaza, eager to place a gift of food, drink, or flowers into the alms bowls of the monks. These offerings are transported to the various wats (temples) around town, where they are used to feed the community of monks. Buddhists believe that offering alms earns them merit in this life, reducing the possibility that they will have to be reincarnated in another life.
For the next few days, Thapae Gate and at Wat Phra Singh are the site of near continuous cultural events, but after the initial blessing most visitors turn their attention to the water fights for which Songkran in Chiang Mai is best known. Armed with water guns and water canons, people roam the streets in search of victims. Thapae Gate, shown in the photo above, is a popular venue. But even walking down the small alleyways can be risky. Locals at the ready with hoses or buckets full of water dart from doorways to drench unsuspecting tourists. Though the water fights are all in fun, they are also symbolic. The beginning of Songkran was traditionally the time when Thais performed cleansing activities on their bodies and homes. A Thai woman will wake up early on day one of Songkran, wash and trim her hair, clip her fingernails and toenails, and thoroughly clean her house. Dousing with water is symbolic of a clean, fresh start. | <urn:uuid:a82a23a5-52c9-4170-8218-8dba6d60460f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://holeinthedonut.com/2018/04/25/photo-water-fights-songkran-in-chiang-mai-thailand/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960824 | 373 | 2.375 | 2 |
A Memorable Garden Immersed In The Victorian Experience
Water Gardens Open Up A Whole New Pallet Of Plants
Water gardening has been popular for many years and there are a great number of reasons for that. Not only are these fun and attractive displays to put together but in many cases it opens up a whole new pallet of plants that they can, in some cases, put in the ground. Or they often adapt plants used in the ground for use in the water gardens. Plants such as cannas can be submerged in water. They don't go down deep in the water, just a couple of inches below the surface. They do a lot of tropical planters in the summer time, it's part of the exuberance that they try to have in the garden. The gardeners put together wonderful combinations of containers all over the conservatory and outside. The chance to use a container that is filled with water is special. For example, one can put goldfish in it. For a homeowner it makes life easier because they can go on vacation and come back and the plants aren't wilted, it already has water. They talk a little about the type plants that can be used in a water garden. Parker feels the choices are fairly open. We've discussed cannas, but as well plants with flowers that might get a little leaf scorch often will do better in water. House plants like cyperus does well in water, but does need to be slightly submerged. Plants like fiber optic grass, which are hot items today, work well in this environment, it does well in well watered containers, even in water. A favorite of Parker's is purple leafed rice, Red Dragon. It's actually rice and will bloom on its stalk as well as form rice kernels on the bloom stalk. Parker has some Callas in water, as well as water lettuce and water hyacinth. These plants wouldn't do well in a lake, for example, because they're invasive, but in a controlled environment they work great. The water lettuce will just float on top of the water and does wonderfully in a container. Again, it's invasive, especially in the southern parts of the U.S. so keep it in the container, when done with the plant put in in the trash, don't let it out.
They talk about the container one should use for these applications. The most obvious point is it must not have a hole in the bottom. Sealing the bottom of a container can be tricky but a cork and silicon will work. But it's simpler to just buy a container without a hole or to buy a liner. A whiskey barrel or wine barrel cut in half with a plastic liner works well too.
To set up a water garden one needs to know about the water level plants enjoy. For example, water lilies should be placed approximately 10 inches below the water line. The canna is a marginal plant and it should be placed in water just above the soil line. Remember things float in water, bricks don't, thus bricks are helpful in achieving the perfect level to place pots. Another thing to remember is potting mix often has little pieces of perlite. They float so instead plant water plants in good top soil, plant them in dirt. Water gardens are planted much like a traditional container. It has vertical elements, intermediates and Parker has used water lettuce as a spiller. It will fill in and cover up the entire container, providing shade. The shade helps cut down on evaporation. Goldfish could be added and they will take care of mosquitoes that might lay eggs in the water. Or little mosquito dunks are available as well | <urn:uuid:865ce76c-1ad6-4e88-a387-9a092da840ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gardensmart.tv/?p=video_tips&subpage=2020_show07_1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9665 | 750 | 2.625 | 3 |
Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
|Sr. NO.||Renewable sources||Non-renewable sources|
|1||Renewable resources refers to the resources which replaces itself naturally, in a short period.||Non-renewable resources are the one that are not capable of replacing itself, in near future.|
|2||It is sustainable||It is exhaustible|
|3||It is present inunlimitedquantity||It is present in limited quantity.|
|4||It is environmental friendly.||It is not environmental friendly|
|5||Its cost is low||Its cost is comparatively high|
|6||Rate of renewal is greater than the
rate of consumption
|Rate of renewal is lower than the rate of consumption|
|7||Eg: trees||Eg: crude oil, LPG|
Concept: Importance of Renewable Sources of Energy
Is there an error in this question or solution? | <urn:uuid:b0860048-11d7-427d-8ed8-d4097edd7449> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shaalaa.com/question-bank-solutions/differentiate-between-renewable-non-renewable-sources-energy-importance-renewable-sources-energy_57571 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.911091 | 222 | 2.796875 | 3 |
MADRID — Tens of thousands took to the streets of Madrid demanding urgent climate action on Friday. Yet inside climate talks across town, diplomats were struggling to respond.
“We don’t want more promises. It is your action that are going to save us,” Vanessa Nakate, a youth climate striker from Uganda, told negotiators at the UN’s Cop25 conference while protesters were gathering in the Spanish capital. Organisers claimed half a million people took part. Local authorities estimated the crowd was closer to 15,000.
But at the end of the first week of a fortnight of discussions on the narrow remit of finalising the rules of the 2015 Paris Agreement, countries could point to little progress.
Negotiators failed to agree a common timetable for countries to present new climate plans. Nor could they agree on when to agree. Meanwhile, entrenched political positions on global carbon markets means the talks remain in stalemate.
Decisions that are not taken in Madrid will be pushed to a key summit in Glasgow next year when countries need to focus on collectively raising their targets, which currently set the world on course to be roughly 3C hotter.
But activists don’t want to wait, calling on governments to use this year’s UN talks to bring new political commitments to cut emission faster.
Speaking to reporters hours after arriving in Madrid, Swedish activist Greta Thunberg warned Cop25 was being treated as “some kind of middle-year event” ahead of the important Glasgow meeting.
“But we cannot afford middle years, we cannot afford any more days going by without any action being taken. Every chance that we get to improve the situation we must take,” she said.
Thunberg and the youth strikers have called on governments to take immediate action to bend the emissions growth curb and limit global warming to 1.5C.
Madrid is crowded for the #COP25 demonstration. We won't turn our back to leaders stealing our future by ignoring the climate crisis. The climate justice movement is bigger and closer than ever! #WeAreUnstoppable pic.twitter.com/2gLKR5DVVG
— Fridays For Future Germany (@FridayForFuture) December 6, 2019
But since the 16-year-old’s first climate strike outside the Swedish parliament in August last year, emissions have continued to rise and countries are failing to reverse the trend.
“We have been striking for more than a year and nothing has happened,” Thunberg told journalists in a room so packed the spill over had to watch her on a screen.
“There is no victory because the only thing we want to see is real action and real action has not been happening,” she said. “If you look at it from a certain point of view, we have achieved nothing.”
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The call for action was heard by Sonam Phuntsho Wangdi, chair of the least developed countries group. “Our countries have been saying the same for years,” he told CHN. “But in the negotiation rooms we don’t see that urgency from others.”
There will be an opportunity for governments to respond next week at a special event on ambition.
The Chilean government, which is overseeing these talks, has asked countries to sign up to an alliance committing to increase the cuts they promised to the Paris Agreement in 2015. However CHN reported on Friday that Chile itself will no longer announce an updated pledge at the talks, in part due to domestic civil unrest.
Similarly, none of the world’s largest emitters have shown the political will to increase their existing pledges at the talks so far. While the EU strives to overcome internal tensions to ramp up its ambition, China, the US, Brazil, Australia and Japan remain unmoved.
Denmark showed another way was possible on Friday by adopting a new climate law that aims for an emissions cut far deeper than either the EU’s current target or its proposed enhancement.
Addressing young people on Thursday, head of UN Climate Change Patricia Espinosa admitted that 25 years after the coming into force of the UN framework convention on climate change “we have been struggling to urgently act to address climate change”.
For Benjamin Strzelecki, a 20-year-old Polish youth striker, the prospect of having to wait another lifetime to see countries taking concrete action to curb emissions is “scary”.
Amishi Agrawal, a 19-year-old Indian youth ambassador for the Centre for United National Constitutional Research said: “Young people want to save the lives of those who are being threatened by rising sea levels but negotiations discuss how best to accommodate limiting climate change within their plans for economic growth.” For her, bridging this disconnect requires giving young people a formal seat at the table.
One small island diplomat expressed her frustration at the slow progress, but told CHN it was “standard” in the first week of negotiations. “The urgency will come next week when the ministers arrive,” she said. “The Paris Agreement is a good framework, I don’t doubt this process can deliver.”
Ambassador Janine Felson, deputy chair of the alliance of small island states, told CHN the UN talks should not be considered a “barometer for what governments are doing to address the interests and the needs of young people”. Leadership came from action at home, she said.
“It doesn’t matter that we are sitting in rooms talking to other governments about issues on the climate agenda, we represent the youth and we act for our young people” towards a 1.5C world, she added. | <urn:uuid:e0a374cb-2f5e-46cd-804e-d35fc589bda6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://climatechangenews.com/2019/12/07/irresistible-thunberg-meets-immovable-un-climate-talks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954539 | 1,253 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Another dull morning with just a temperature of 2°C, plenty birds about this morning
with a record 10 Great Crested Grebes.One pair were showing us their courtship display
which was fascinating to watch, even passing weed as they do. The others included Mute
Swans,Cormorant,Tufted Duck and a pair of Siskin among the 22 species seen.
|Great Crested Grebe passing some weed|
A bit warmer here at 4°C and a good selection of 34 species seen.These included Little Grebe,
Gt C. Grebe,Cormorant,Chaffinch,Grey Heron,Goosander,Mute Swan,Oystercatcher,Reed
Bunting,Shoveler,Gadwall,Teal,Tufted Duck,Pochard & Wigeon.Just before leaving we decided
to check the river from the car park where we saw a Drake Goldeneye. As it moved away up the
River my eye was drawn to some birds feeding in the field in front of us. They were Fieldfare a bird
we have seen very little of, we quickly got a record shot, then some disturbance from behind us and
around 40 of them lifted and away they went.
|female Chaffinch in the feeding area|
|record shot of Fieldfare| | <urn:uuid:7b28bbcb-2082-43c3-ba2c-29888546f9ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://dannysbirdsblog.blogspot.com/2013/03/yeadon-tarn-rodley-nr.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.940956 | 334 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Which Wildlife Species Do Visitors Love to see Most During Safaris in National Parks?
So! Which one particular African wildlife species do people like to see when setting out on Safaris in the parks?
While it usually depends on personal preference, but the African Wildlife Foundation recently ran a poll on the AWF Tweeter Handle, asking what animals one would want to see during their game driving in National Parks.
The Question was ….
‘What African Wildlife Species Would you like to see on Safari?
And the answer is …..
Well, before we get to the results, it is important to know that at least 126 people voted on the poll which pitted four types of animals for them to select from.
The animals that competed on the polling site included, Lion; Giraffe; Elephant and Leopard
Tall, Majestic and Beautiful, you would think the Giraffe would win the contest, but this Tanzania’s national emblem managed to get only 12 percent of the total votes, thus tagging last.
The Lion, the legendary hero in all tales and fables. Panthera Leo is also known as the ‘King of the Jungle,’ but failed to earn the ‘King of Polls’ with just 22 percent of the votes in its favor.
The Leopard managed to reap 28 percent of total votes from people who would rather spot the spotted one during their safaris.
Which leaves the world’s largest land animal, the Elephant, trumpeting to victory as the most sought after wildlife species during game drives in the parks.
The Jumbo managed to get 38 percent of total votes in the African Wildlife Foundation poll.
Scrolling down the comments, one Nigel Dickinson prefer not to take sides.
He chose “All of the above!” saying “I know its kop out, but would love to see them all, plus many more.”
Why the AWF decided to list only the four species is something which they didn’t explain when floating the ‘favorite wildlife’ poll.
A handler with ‘Leveragist’ tag, realized that the favourite species wasn’t listed. The ‘Snake!’
But outside the AWF poll, the Tanzania Times managed to interview a group of visitors from Estonia at the Tarangire National Park.
“We chose Tarangire for one thing, elephants. We prefer to see the jumbos in large groups and this can only be achieved in this National Park,” stated the group leader, Kaldo Haagen.
So, once more the Jumbo wins. But should this be the official choice for all? | <urn:uuid:7f3cf01d-f2b8-407b-901c-5231c2944f0c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tanzaniatimes.net/what-types-of-animals-do-tourists-want-to-see-during-their-safaris-in-the-parks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948666 | 552 | 1.625 | 2 |
Commonly known as CBT, Cognitive Behavior Therapy is a short-term psychotherapeutic intervention that helps alleviate the symptoms of various mental health conditions. This includes depression and anxiety disorders that may negatively impact a person’s behavior.
It involves helping people identify their thoughts and behaviors in relation to their relationships, lifestyle, and environment. This way, they are able to change their ideological approach for a healthy mental state.
How CBT works
CBT’s concept is based on how your actions, thoughts, physical sensations, and feelings are interconnected. It identifies the negative thoughts and feelings that can trap you into a vicious cycle.
Simply put, CBT works towards a problem-specific and goal-oriented approach by focusing on an individual’s present-day challenges, behavior, and thoughts to help them achieve their goals. Now let’s see how CBT helps in a person seeking treatment.
Individual Counseling and Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Also known as psychotherapy, talk therapy, or individual therapy, individual counseling involves a psychologist treating an individual through a method known as a one-on-one session.
This type of therapy encourages openness and honesty in various dialogue topics on issues that cause distress and anxiety. While the technique is sometimes difficult to begin and break through into the patient’s main causes of despair, it is one of the most popular forms of therapy today. It allows therapists to build rapport with clients while working together to boost their self-esteem while solving the underlying mental issues.
Just like other forms of therapy, individual therapy sessions don’t magically make problems disappear. However, it can equip you with the knowledge needed to cope with discomfort and distress more appropriately. Individual therapy addresses the following issues:
- Depression, Stress, and Anxiety
- Substance abuse
- Eating issues
- Extreme emotions
- Work-related issues
- Friends and family concerns
- Loss of enjoyment in activities
- Family or Personal relationship issues
Types of Individual Counseling
Fortunately, there are many types of individual counseling today. In this case, your therapist will determine which type of treatment works best for you based on your situation and in accordance with your needs and the goals you want to achieve. This is because there is no particular technique perfect for everyone. Here are the most common types of individual therapy:
- Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT): Usually, IPT uses a uniquely structured model to treat mental health issues and help individuals address current concerns to improve their interpersonal relationships.
- Existential Therapy: Existential Therapy sessions offer quite a holistic approach to individual therapy. It does not only focus on the past but seeks to look at the whole of your experiences without judgment.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a short-term form of therapy that focuses on how individuals think and behave to improve their feelings. CBT is useful in treating mood, drug abuse, and sleep disorders.
- Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). DBT focuses on building new skills to reduce difficulties caused by mental health issues. Usually, the therapist helps build the patient’s mindfulness, enhance distress tolerance, boost interpersonal effectiveness, and improve emotional regulation and relationships.
- Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). This version of CBT mainly encourages mindfulness and meditation practices. The therapy session helps you familiarize yourself with states of difficulties surrounding the patient’s mind, disorders, and contentment. Usually, its counseling is focused on the individual’s immediate or near future concerns.
- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy are typically used to treat trauma and related disorders. It involves bilateral stimulation to help an individual during a therapy process to get rid of blockages both psychologically and physically.
- Motivational Interviewing: Motivational Interviewing is a new form of therapy that focuses on building a patient’s motivation to spark change. It is usually effective in the treatment of addictions and substance use disorders.
- Psychodynamic Therapy: Psychodynamic Therapy differs from other techniques because it is not solution-oriented. Instead, its goal is to have patients see patterns of thoughts and behaviors more clearly.
- Solution-Focused Therapy: This type of treatment involves helping individuals assess how they have solved problems in the past, what exceptions may be present to the problem, and how to move forward.
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): This psychological treatment teaches mindfulness skills to help patients live and behave according to their specific personal values while developing psychological flexibility.
Goals of Individual Counseling
Many depend on individual counseling such that it has become one of the basic needs in many households with goals to achieve. Individual therapy focuses on inspiring change and improving the quality of the patient’s life through self-awareness and self-exploration to build the patient’s self-esteem in the long run.
It also includes career counseling and planning, grief counseling to alleviate the pain of losing a loved one, and dealing with job issues. It helps encourage an open and honest dialogue about the problems causing any discomfort or distress. Here are some of the goals people look to achieve when signing up for individual therapy:
- Improvement in dialogue and communication skills with friends and family
- Development of new insights regarding life
- Gaining a sense of empowerment and support
- Decision-making techniques to help an individual make the right choices
- Learn how to have difficult conversations with friends and family
- Help them gain more empathy and build better relationships
- Improvement of physical health
- Mitigation of mental health issues symptoms
- Help individuals facilitate lifestyle changes for a healthier life
What to Expect During an Individual Counseling
Usually, individual counseling sessions last between 45 and 60 minutes. Expect the counselor to encourage you to open up and be honest about issues that distress you throughout this period. The first session is typically about gathering as much information as possible.
The therapist will support and make the patient feel safe to talk more about any past physical, mental, and emotional health.
But remember, it can take a few sessions for a therapist to properly understand the specific issues that brought the patient to therapy. In most cases, the most important thing in the first session is determining if the therapist’s style is a good fit for the patient’s specific goals or needs.
Usually, the frequency and length of sessions depend on the following factors:
- How quickly an individual receiving therapy improves
- Financial limitations
- The mental health condition addressed and its severity
- The amount of distress being caused by a mental issue
- How long the person in treatment has had mental distress issues
- How much the problems affect an individual’s day-to-day life
Benefits of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
According to experts, CBT focuses on thoughts and feelings that play a primary role in behavior change. For instance, a person constantly thinking about car accidents and other road disasters may avoid traveling by road.
For that reason, cognitive behavior therapy is focused on ultimately teaching people that they cannot control every aspect of the world around them. However, individuals with such conditions can control how they interpret and deal with things in their environment. The benefits of CBT include;
- It allows engagement of healthier thinking patterns that enables trust and personal growth
- It is an effective short-term treatment option
- Experts find it effective for a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors
- It can be effective when conducted both online or face-to-face
- It doesn’t involve psychotropic medication
Challenges of CBT
Like any other psychological intervention method out there, CBT has a share of its limitations. They include:
- One must be willing to change and spend time and effort analyzing their thoughts and feelings.
- It is a gradual process that may take time to help a person take incremental steps toward a behavior change.
- It requires someone to face their emotions and anxieties head-on, making it an uncomfortable process.
- CBT is very structured and focuses on underlying unconscious resistances to change individuals’ lives in specific situations. It involves approaches such as psychoanalytic psychotherapy and other techniques.
- Change can be difficult in a CBT process since it only addresses current problems and issues but doesn’t focus on underlying causes of mental health conditions like unhappy childhood.
Best Individual Counseling San Diego Has to Offer
As stated above, your therapist will determine which type of cognitive therapy suits your condition. This way, they can develop an individualized treatment based on your challenges and specific attributes. According to American Psychological Association, about 75% of people who participated in talk therapy have experienced some benefit in the long run.
Therefore if you are looking for psychological services in San Diego, you can always contact Jan Rakoff, a San Diego-based therapist to take care of your mental well-being. She deals with grief and loss therapy, marriage and couples therapy (Jan is a licensed marriage counselor), trauma and PTSD counseling, as well as depression and anxiety. | <urn:uuid:cff856f9-69f4-4be1-a1aa-fa87a84de138> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sandiegotherapistcounselor.com/how-cognitive-therapy-helps-in-individual-counseling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.938184 | 1,885 | 3.203125 | 3 |
The purpose of mapping DataCite metadata elements to ontology terms is to enable DataCite metadata to be published in RDF as Open Linked Data, enabling these metadata to be understood programmatically and integrated automatically with similar data from elsewhere.
In the previous blog post, I described the updated and expanded version of the DataCite Ontology, version 0.6.1, that I created with Silvio Peroni to conform to the DataCite Metadata Kernel, v2.2 published in July 2012. The revised ontology now provides the eleven classes and five properties required to cover all the items in v2.2 of the DataCite Metadata Schema – not just the core DataCite metadata elements, but all of them – that were not conveniently covered by terms in other ontologies.
In this post, I describe how we have used this revised DataCite Ontology to create a new revised DataCite2RDF mapping document. This now replaces the previous mapping document, described in an earlier post, that was a partial mapping of the DataCite Metadata Kernel v2.0 using the original version of the DataCite Ontology.
Wherever possible in this new DataCite2RDF mapping, we have used commonly used vocabularies, including:
DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative),
FOAF (Friend of a Friend Vocabulary),
SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System), and
PRISM (Publishing Requirements for Industry Standard Metadata) terms,
supplemented by terms from FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records), and from the following SPAR (Semantic Publishing and Referencing) Ontologies:
CiTO, Citation Typing Ontology,
FaBiO, FRBR-aligned Bibliographic Ontology,
FRAPO, the Funding, Research Administration and Projects Ontology,
PRO, Publishing Roles Ontology,
SCORO, Scholarly Contributions and Roles Ontology, and, of course,
theDataCite Ontology itself.
The mapping document is structured in tabular form, with three columns: the first containing the DataCite ID, the second containing the name of the DataCite property, and the third containing the ontology entities used in mapping each of the DataCite metadata elements. All the metadata elements of the DataCite Metadata Kernel version 2.2 are included, both mandatory and optional, and both major and supplementary. For each, we provide not only the ontology terms, but also a specific exemplar of the usage of that term in an RDF statement, giving alternatives where appropriate. To show the style employed, the mappings for the first three DataCite metadata elements are shown in the following table:
|ID||DataCite property||Equivalent ontology class or property|
|1||Identifier||datacite:PrimaryIdentifier (A sub-class of datacite:ResourceIdentifier that uses a datacite:IdentiferScheme that is restricted to datacite:doi, an individual in the datacite:ResourceIdentifierScheme)Exemplar usage:
:my-dataset rdf:type fabio:Dataset ; datacite:hasIdentifier [ rdf:type datacite:PrimaryResourceIdentifier ; literal:hasLiteralValue "doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000228.g002.x001" ] .
|1.1||IdentifierType||Restricted to datacite:doi, an individual in the datacite:ResourceIdentifierSchemeExemplar usage:
:my-dataset rdf:type fabio:Dataset ; datacite:hasIdentifier [ rdf:type datacite:PrimaryResourceIdentifier ; literal:hasLiteralValue "doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000228.g002.x001" ; datacite:usesIdentifierScheme datacite:doi ] .
|2||Creator||dc:creator (data property)Exemplar usage:
:my-dataset rdf:type fabio:Dataset ; dc:creator "Shotton, David" .
dcterms:creator (object property)
:my-dataset rdf:type fabio:Dataset ; dcterms:creator [rdf:type foaf:Person ; foaf:familyName "Shotton" ; foaf:givenName "David" ] .
To facilitate our mapping, the object properties compiles and isCompiledBy, that are required for the DataCite relationType controlled list, have now been included in version 2.2 of CiTO (created 3 July 2012) as cito:compiles and cito:isCompiledBy. The use of the mini-ontology CiTO4Data, that contained only those properties, has consequently been deprecated.
In several instances, we propose alternative mappings, depending upon whether one wishes to use a data property that has a literal (e.g. text, number, date) as its object, or to use an object property that has a URI as its object. As explained more fully in the mapping document itself, our recommended best practice is to use DCMI metadata terms (dcterms:) as object properties in preference over Dublin Core metadata elements (dc:) as data properties, unless one specifically needs to use a literal as the object of an RDF triple.
A presentation related to this work, that was given at a DataCite meeting held at the British Library on 6 July 2012, is available here.
The next blog post describes a DataCite Metadata Input Form based on this new DataCite2RDF mapping that Tanya Gray and I have created. This is a Web input tool that permits easy entry of metadata compliant with the DataCite Metadata Kernel v2.2. The metadata can be saved in an XML file, and can be automatically mapped to RDF by employing an XSLT that uses this mapping.
We commend the use of this mapping to all who wish to encode DataCite metadata in RDF, and welcome feedback on this work.
David Shotton ([email protected])
Silvio Peroni ([email protected]) | <urn:uuid:f0d82f5e-3704-496d-93ff-5f7428ae78e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://opencitations.wordpress.com/2012/12/04/revising-datacite2rdf-mapping/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.7827 | 1,373 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Because of the geographic scatter and STR diversities of sister clades R1 and R2, aforementioned of which is restricted to Asia, Pakistan, Iran, and southern main Asia, you are able that south and western Asia happened to be the foundation for R1 and R1a differentiation.
The R haplogroup is common throughout Europe and american Asia while the Indian sub-continent, plus those whose origins try from the inside these areas. Additionally, it happens in North and Sub-Saharan Africa. The circulation are significantly various when it comes to two major subclades R1a and R1b.
Haplogroup R1a was common in populations of Eastern Europe, Indian Subcontinent and components of main Asia. R1a keeps an important existence in Northern European countries, Central Europe, Altaians and Iran along with Siberia. R1a can be found in low wavelengths at the center eastern, generally in Indo-European speakers or their unique descendants.
Haplogroup R1b predominates in Western Europe. R1b can be seen at high frequency in Bashkortostan (Russia). R1b is found at low frequency in middle Asia, Middle Eastern Countries, Southern Asia along with North Africa. There is certainly an isolated pocket of R1b in Sub Saharan Africa. In Europe, R1b coincides with areas of Celtic effect.
History on Haplogroup “R
Roots of Y-dna Haplogroup “R
According to the Genographic job conducted from the state Geographic people, Haplogroup R2a arose about 25,000 years ago in main Asia and its own members moved southward within the second major trend of real human migration into India.
Per Sengupta et al. (2006),
doubt neutralizes earlier conclusions your breach of HGs R1a1 and R2 today R-M124 through the northwest in Dravidian-speaking south tribes try due to just one previous event. Quite, these HGs have significant demographic difficulty, as implied by their particular higher haplotype diversity. Specifically, they might bring actually arrived in southern Asia from a southwestern Asian provider region multiple times, with a few attacks considerably earlier than others.
The following is Manoukian’s (2006) summary of this findings on the Genographic venture done of the state Geographic community and directed by Spencer Wells (2001):
Haplogroup R, the ancestral clade to R1 and R2, came out from the main Asian Steppes around 35,000 to 30,000 years back.
R1, brother clade to R2, gone to live in the West (BROWSE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES) from main Asian Steppes around 35,000 to 30,000 years back. R1 pockets happened to https://datingmentor.org/escort/eugene/ be founded, from where R1a and R1b emerged.
R2a R-M124 produced the first entry to the Indian sub-continent around 25,000 in years past. The courses used are not clear, even though Indus and Ganges streams become possible ideas submit. There could, naturally, being several immigrations of your haplogroup in to the Indian sub-continent, both in the Paleolithic additionally the Neolithic
The ultimate evidence that Europeans tend to be Albinos based on Dravidian Indians, could be the Genetic Distance Maps created by the studies:
“Genetic length Map through the History and Geography of person family genes” by Cavalli-Sforza.
And “The hereditary design and reputation of Africans and African Us americans” by Sarah A. Tishkoff.
Both genetic maps demonstrate that Ebony and Brown Indians, and White Europeans, become alone with each other, different from all the other human beings, like two peas in a pod. The actual only real variation is one cluster was pigmented, therefore the various other just isn’t! One cluster is actually Albino, the other is certainly not!
The Albino images above, is taken from the study by Andreas Deffner: light, as well white A Portrait of Albinism in India.
Exactly what brought about one person circumstances of Albinism?
Scientific studies on a Gorilla informs us that it was “In-breeding”.
A famous albino gorilla that lived for forty years from the Barcelona Zoo had gotten the white color through inbreeding, new research shows. Snowflake got a male american lowland gorilla. He was born in the great outdoors and seized in 1966 by villagers in Equatorial Guinea. As merely recognized white gorilla on earth, Snowflake is a zoo celeb until his loss of cancer of the skin in 2003.
Several researches had attemptedto get right to the base of what caused Snowflake’s color-free complexion, nevertheless specific hereditary mutation have never been receive. Today, Spanish professionals need sequenced the gorilla’s whole genome, exposing that Snowflake got probably the offspring of a pairing between an uncle and a niece.
In people, four hereditary mutations are recognized to trigger albinism, a disorder designated by a lack of surface, attention and tresses pigment. People who have albinism have reached high-risk for plans difficulties and skin types of cancer for that reason missing pigment. Utilizing frozen blood from Snowflake, experts directed by Tomas Marques-Bonet in the Institut de Biologia Evolutiva within University of Pompeu Fabra sequenced the complete genome associated with the late ape. Evaluating that sequence with those of humans and nonalbino gorillas, Marques-Bonet and his co-worker narrowed down the reason behind Snowflake’s albinism to a single gene, titled SLC45A2. Snowflake passed down a mutant form of this gene from both of his mothers. The gene keeps previously come associated with albinism in rats, ponies, birds and a species of fish. | <urn:uuid:3f0ca974-80a0-4240-bd81-acbafa7a1978> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://apk.epicconsultants.ca/bulgaria-men-if-you-are-analyzing-dating-anybody/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.94231 | 1,263 | 3.140625 | 3 |
In 2022, consumers will be more focused on using their handheld devices, using them for an average of 4.8 hours a day. It's estimated that mobile app sales could generate over $935 billion in profits by 2023. Those looking to get into developing mobile apps have a good chance of being part of this success.
With this much time and attention being poured into mobile apps, it has never been more essential to guide users in using the best tools and platforms for their benefit. So, precisely what is a Mobile Services App, and how does it contribute to this goal? Read about its uses, pros and cons below.
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What Is Mobile Services App?
There are currently over 2.59 million apps on the Google Play Store, with almost 90% of mobile users spending their time on apps. With this number of eyes on our handheld devices at nearly all times of the day, it can be a challenge to discover and even determine which apps deserve the most of our attention.
That is the intention behind the mobile service app, a program that phone manufacturers, service providers and data carriers integrate into android devices. The idea for the mobile service app, or mobile service manager, is to be a virtual assistant providing every app the user may need in their daily lives: Spend less time browsing which applications are worth your time, and focus on the tasks that matter most to you.
While there is no concrete evidence of people becoming smarter, there is no doubt that public information is more accessible than ever. This makes today's users more discerning than ever, with 44% of consumers being more purpose-driven about the products and brands they choose to work with. This poses a concern for many handheld device users.
As they purchase their handheld devices and select the best plans their telecom providers offer, they start up their phones that may have a services manager installed. It is typically found in android devices since different manufacturers are using the operating system.
Manufacturers and providers are eager to stand out amongst their peers and attempt to provide a more personalized experience for their customers. That said, it may be to their disadvantage, mainly if the users prefer to choose which apps to install on their devices themselves and are concerned about programs that they didn't download themselves.
What Does Mobile Services Manager Do?
A mobile service manager is a program that comes pre-installed onto your device by manufacturers, providers and carriers. Your phone comes out of the box with the program ready and working. But what exactly does it do?
Its primary function is to monitor, download applications and install updates for specific apps on your device. These apps are also pre-installed by your manufacturers and providers as a set package meant to be the default option on your device. It almost sounds like a useful tool that can be helpful for your daily productivity, right?
While this may be true, it is a concern for many users who have noted the presence of unwanted applications on their devices. With the increase in the use of handheld devices, there was also a rise in security risks from these platforms. 75% of known phishing sites were discovered to target handheld devices. Following this, customers' concern for device security is expected and encouraged. So, when a user encounters an application they don't recall installing on their device, you can imagine how it can be a point of anxiety.
DT Ignite is a known mobile service manager which has consumers on edge since it has been detected to collect user information and put devices at risk of malware. It is possible to disable this function on your device, however, it has been observed that it can re-enable itself after some time despite user intervention. This means prevalent downloads and installations you may not be aware of and ads being pushed onto your device. It may also cause your data depleting when not connected to Wi-Fi and your phone running slower than expected due to memory being consumed.
Though the purpose behind a service app may be positive, it is much better to be safe than sorry and be fully aware of the programs installed on your phone.
Pros, Cons and Recommendations for the Mobile Services Manager App
Like all products, there are pros and cons to using a mobile service app.
It's a good problem to have options, but there is such a thing as too many options. A service manager can serve to comb through and select the best apps for you.
Having a program to pre-select apps that may be useful to you can make handheld devices essential tools for efficiency and productivity.
Knowing your apps are always up-to-date usually means they are at their most secure from potential threats. That said, if these apps you are unfamiliar with and don't trust, it only takes up space in your device that could be better used for programs you prefer.
Automation serves to help make processes faster and more convenient. However, it is also vital to remain vigilant against security threats such programs may leave you vulnerable.
With these points in mind, here are a few recommendations for mobile service managers.
Ideally, service managers can work to keep your handheld device more secure rather than introducing bloatware and unwanted applications to your phone.
What makes Android stand out is its accessibility for developers to build and introduce their applications to the end users. That said, it is crucial for them to undergo the proper mobile app testing steps to ensure they're providing good quality service.
Any applications that service managers can install should have gone through the appropriate steps in software development. Programmers should be guided by an app development guide to confirm that they have taken the proper route. Even if companies decide to commission an agency to build a white label app, steps ought to be taken to verify it is safe and secure for consumers.
Mobile Services App: Key Takeaways
On the surface, a mobile service app sounds like a great idea. Who wouldn't prefer to have programs pre-installed on devices and skip the hassle of searching for the correct application?
As a tool that has been around almost as long as smartphones have existed, there is undoubtedly a use for such software. That said, it is more important than ever to ensure the safety and security of each application that users end up downloading on their devices, as more customers transition to mobile-first.
For the service manager to become relevant (again), device manufacturers, service providers, and data carriers must develop protocols to protect their customers from unwanted bloatware and malware. As the app development industry grows, so does the potential for a purposeful mobile service app.
Get connected with the right App Development agency for your project.GET STARTED | <urn:uuid:56950417-5912-4ade-ba73-3eaac635ef89> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.designrush.com/agency/mobile-app-design-development/trends/what-is-mobile-services-app | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962115 | 1,378 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Protecting Penguins: A Pint-Sized Penguin
Standing as tall as a school ruler and weighing about the same as a bottle of milk is the worlds’ smallest penguin, the Little Penguin or Eudyptula minor, more commonly known as Korora in New Zealand and Fairy penguin in Australia. In New Zealand we recognise four variants – the Northern, Southern, White-flippered and Chatham Island little penguin. The northern occurs in the North and top of the South Islands, the Southern is shared with Australia and the White-flippered is found only on Banks Peninsula near Christchurch. They are the one species of penguin that live among human activity despite all the associated threats and dangers. You will find them along the city shores in Wellington, and on urban beaches and rocky coasts in Christchurch and Auckland. They are prone to being run over by cars and boats, predated by dogs and cats and caught in fishing nets. Fortunately, many communities around New Zealand are helping to protect little penguins by controlling pests, revegetation projects, constructing fences along foreshore roads and making nesting boxes. Advocacy is all important, with volunteers helping to spread awareness about dog management and providing information to, and protection from, inquisitive tourists. In Wellington a group called Places for Penguins monitors penguin boxes, provides pest control and revegetation programmes to help protect their city dwelling penguins.
Consider the littlest penguin when you are next visiting a New Zealand beach and how nice it would be for them to come ashore to a safe nesting place. You can help achieve this by donating to Birdlife’s Penguin Campaign. | <urn:uuid:2afa427d-617c-4ec1-852b-27ee70f25662> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.forestandbird.org.nz/protecting-penguins-a-pint-sized-penguin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945346 | 339 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Marine has been an educator for nearly 20 years and became an Equine Assisted Learning facilitator in 2019. She has developed expertise at managing young people, communicating clearly, and devising and delivering rich education programs. She has an unfailing passion for horses that started in her early teenage years, owns a beautiful Icelandic mare and is undertaking further studies in Equine Science with the University of Guelph to become an informed advocate on horse welfare.
Marine is now focused on combining her educational competenices, her love for horses and her dedication to adolescents’ development to assist young clients in their endeavour to build skills for life in an exciting, safe and supportive environment. She is committed to bringing together School curriculums and EAL principles to promote a holistic educational approach that enhances the learning experiences of each student while fostering essential social aptitudes.
Marine’s long experience as a Secondary School teacher has taught her that teenagers are particularly vulnerable members of society who often struggle with the daily pressure of balancing the demands of school, expectations of parents and their social lives. She is particularly sensitive to the fact that over the years the pressure has been increasing making resilience, empowerment and authentic leadership even more vital skills that young people need to cultivate. She is convinced that horses’ natural abilities can be instrumental in teaching those skills. | <urn:uuid:5d122097-0e16-44dc-affc-5768937ed85b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://leadingedgelifeskills.com.au/welcome/our-team/marine-choquenet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9691 | 277 | 1.875 | 2 |
41 New Cases of COVID-19 in Natrona County, 456 New Statewide Cases
The Wyoming Department of Health reported 456 new cases of COVID-19 in the last 24 hours, bringing the statewide total to 37,623. 41 new cases of COVID-19 were reported for Natrona County, bringing the number of confirmed active cases to 198.
As of Dec. 28, there have been 405 COVID-related deaths in Wyoming, 88 of which have occurred in Natrona County.
As of Dec. 28, there are 115 COVID-related hospitalizations in Wyoming, 18 of which are housed at the Wyoming Medical Center in Natrona County.
Cheyenne Regional Medical Center currently has the most COVID-related hospitalizations, with 25 patients currently being treated.
Currently, 36,077 cases have recovered.
To slow the spread of the disease, Wyoming Governor Mark Gordon announced that the state will implement new restrictions about face coverings in certain indoor public settings, reducing group sizes and reducing hours of business when COVID-19 transmission is more like to occur.
However, counties can opt out of the requirements if local conditions move to safe levels in accordance with White House metrics.
“Our state and those surrounding us are facing a hospital capacity crisis that now compels us to take additional action," Gordon said in a news release.
"All through the fall, Wyoming has seen a rise in serious cases of COVID to a point where every county is facing critical and dangerous levels of spread of the virus," Gordon said. "Too many people have died."
“Science tells us limiting gatherings of groups and using face coverings are effective in slowing transmission of this virus. With these actions we can avoid taking the more drastic step of closing schools and businesses," he said.
The new requirements build on previous public health orders that began in March.
People now must wear face coverings in indoor covered spaces beginning Wednesday and expiring Jan. 8.
Besides the face-covering order, the Department of Health will issue these requirements:
- Restaurants and bars will be closed from 10 p.m. to 5 a.m. for onsite consumption.
- Groups of patrons seated together will be limited to six at bars, restaurants, theaters, concert halls and large events.
- Group workout classes at gyms will be limited to 10 individuals.
- Gatherings without required distancing will be limited to 10 individuals
- Bars and restaurants may continue to provide takeout and delivery options during these hours, to the extent authorized by law. | <urn:uuid:b2970487-4a1c-4ddc-984b-651da8212547> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kisscasper.com/41-new-cases-of-covid-19-in-natrona-county-456-new-statewide-cases/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948514 | 535 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Our goal is to keep our patients safe, home, and out of the hospital. Through telehealth, we provide high-quality coordinated care through virtual technology including phone, video chat, and text messaging with healthcare providers.
What exactly is telehealth?
Telehealth uses technology to allow patients to take daily vitals and be engaged with their care plan, without having to travel to their health care providers office. Each tablet is customized to the patient’s unique needs to take and track their daily vitals, report their medication adherence, log daily activity, and take a customized survey to see how they are doing.
Read an interview about how we use telehealth to support patients and families HERE
How are patients monitored?
Through the 4G enabled tablets, providers are able to track their patients and will receive alerts when the patient is not adhering to their treatment plan or has high-risk vital readings. Clinicians are then able to intervene to help prevent readmittance to the hospital.
What is provided in each kit?
Each kit is specific to our patients and includes:
- Educational videos
- Care plans
- Medication reminders
- Blood Pressure Monitor
- Weight Scale
- Pulse Oximeter
HRS Telemonitoring Software
Through the HRS Telemonitoring Software, patients are able to:
- Measure weight, blood pressure, heart rate, glucose and SPO2, and track their readings
- Let clinicians know of symptoms through a daily survey
- Learn about their disease condition and how to manage it
- Track their medication adherence and progress
- Communicate with their clinician via text, phone, or video chat
Peace of Mind
Private telehealth monitoring to protect those you love.
Are your parents Florida snowbirds, but you want to stay involved with their care?
Do you live far away but want to stay connected to your aging parents?
Are you done with home care yourself, but want the extra assurance and support of our expert clinical team?
We can help.
We provide telehealth equipment and monitoring. Telehealth can:
- Measure weight, blood pressure, heart rate, glucose and SPO2, and track readings
- Monitor symptoms through a daily survey
- Reach out to your physicians with any issues
- Learn about how to manage disease conditions
- Track medication adherence and progress
- Communicate with our clinicians via text, phone, or video chat
- Share information with family members via an app | <urn:uuid:1a36c625-7686-4e3a-b5ef-c4080ac78a6a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nvna.org/telehealth-services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.940703 | 515 | 1.6875 | 2 |
What is Avalokitesvara?
Avalokiteshvara, (Sanskrit: avalokita, “looking on”; ishivara, “lord”) Chinese (Pinyin) Guanyin or (Wade-Giles romanization) Kuan-yin, Japanese Kannon, in Buddhism, and primarily in Mahayana (“Greater Vehicle”) Buddhism, the bodhisattva (“buddha-to-be”) of infinite compassion and mercy, possibly the most popular of all …
Is chenrezig male or female?
In Tibet, he is known as Chenrezig. In China, Taiwan and other Chinese communities, Avalokiteśvara has evolved into the somewhat different female figure Guanyin or Guanshiyin, also known as Kannon or Kanzeon in Japan, Gwanseum in Korea and Quan Am in Vietnamese….
How many arms does Avalokitesvara have?
One of the most popular devotional deities in Himalayan Buddhism, Avalokiteshvara (the Bodhisattva of Compassion) appears in many forms, but this eleven-headed, “thousand-armed” form is one of the most popular.
What does a bodhisattva look like?
Bodhisattvas are usually depicted as less austere or inward than the Buddha. Renouncing their own salvation and immediate entrance into nirvana, they devote all their power and energy to saving suffering beings in this world.
What is the bodhisattva holding a lotus flower?
Avalokiteshvara’s right hand is in the gesture of gift granting, and in his left hand he holds a long-stemmed lotus. In his elaborate hairdress is an image of the Buddha Amitabha. The worship of Amitabha became very popular in East Asian Buddhism).
Is the Dalai Lama a bodhisattva?
His own has reached a critical point. The Dalai Lama is considered a living Buddha of compassion, a reincarnation of the bodhisattva Chenrezig, who renounced Nirvana in order to help mankind. But starting in the 17th century, the Dalai Lama also wielded full political authority over the secretive kingdom.
Who are the Thousand-armed and thousand-eyed Avalokitesvara?
Thousand-armed and Thousand eyed form of Avalokitesvara, which is an important esoteric Buddhism form of Avalokitesvara. The legend of how he received a thousand arms and eyes even represents his compassion for others.
Why is the Thousand armed and thousand eyed mantra important?
Moreover, this mantra has the unbelievable power to fulfill every wish and cure 840,000 diseases. Thousand-armed and Thousand eyed form of Avalokitesvara, which is an important esoteric Buddhism form of Avalokitesvara. The legend of how he received a thousand arms and eyes even represents his compassion for others.
What is the meaning of the Avalokitesvara mantra?
Avalokiteshvara (or Avalokitesvara) is a Bodhisattva who represents compassion, and his mantra also symbolizes that quality. Avalokiteshvara means “The Lord Who Looks Down (in compassion)”. There are various forms of Avalokitesvara ( Chenrezig in Tibetan). The four-armed form is shown here.
Why was the Thousand eyed Avalokiteshvara important to the Song dynasty?
In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), repentance rituals taking the “Great Compassionate One,” the Thousand-armed and Thousand-eyed Avalokiteshvara, as the center of devotion were popularized. They aimed to expiate the past sins of devotees, and also provided a vast array of spiritual and worldly benefits. | <urn:uuid:a8263c43-bad1-46c8-a776-5a2b510431ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://runyoncanyon-losangeles.com/questions-and-answers/what-is-avalokitesvara/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.921295 | 841 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Six foreign-controlled miners operating in Indonesia, including PT Vale Indonesia and a unit of Australias Newcrest Mining, intend to divest some of their shares to meet regulations.
According to Indonesian mining rules, foreign-controlled miners are required to gradually start reducing ownership after five years of production. Within 10 years, foreign ownership should be cut to at least 49 per cent.
The six companies included nickel miner Vale Indonesia and gold miner PT Nusa Hamahera Mineral, which is 75 per cent controlled by Newcrest Mining, Yunus Saefulhak, director of minerals, Energy and Mineral Resources ministry, said.
The others were gold mining companies PT Kasongan Bumi Kencana and PT Ensbury Kalteng Mining, as well as diamond miner PT Galuh Kencana, he added.
Saefulhak did not specify when the companies would start divesting their shares.
Chief Executive of Vale Indonesia Nico Kanter said last month that the company was in talks with the government on its divestment plan and expected to start before October this year.
Brazils Vale SA controls nearly 60per cent of Vale Indonesia, while public shareholders hold about 20 per cent of the companys stake.
Gold miner PT Natarang Mining, which is 85 per ent controlled by Australias Kingrose Mining, had also conveyed its divestment plan to the government, Saefulhak said. | <urn:uuid:99ec95db-7922-4b1a-b894-d4f4ea11e9df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://djakarta-miningclub.com/dmc/2019/six-foreign-controlled-miners-to-start-divestments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953104 | 285 | 1.609375 | 2 |
In planning their physical monument to their only child, Jane and Leland Stanford wanted the entrance to the university to be marked by a “large memorial arch with an enormously large approach.” Construction of the Memorial Arch was postponed, so that the first academic and administrative buildings, the Inner Quadrangle, could be built in time for opening day, October 1, 1891. Plans for the Outer Quadrangle buildings, the Memorial Church, and the Memorial Arch were further delayed by the death of Leland Stanford and the lengthy probate of his estate. In 1899, Mrs. Stanford directed Charles Hodges, resident architect, to commence work on the arch.
The arch was sited at the entrance to the Main Quadrangle leading into Memorial Court. One hundred feet tall, almost fifteen feet higher than originally designed, it loomed above the adjacent buildings. A base, ninety feet wide and thirty-four feet deep, supported a hollow structure of reinforced brick faced with stone. The upper section contained two observation rooms, with a series of narrow windows through which one could view the Inner Quad. One column contained a circular iron stairway used to access the upper levels.
Construction of the arch structure was completed by the end of 1899. The following May, a contract was signed with Rupert Schmid, a Munich-born sculptor, to carve the twelve-foot-high frieze at the top. Augustus Saint-Gaudens prepared a written description of figures to illustrate the theme, the “Progress of Civilization in America.” John Evans, of Boston, designed the frieze using Saint-Gaudens’ document and constructed a one-quarter-size plaster model used by Schmid and his stone masons. Because of the sheer height of the arch, deeper carving than originally called for by Evans was required to make the figures clearly visible. Adjusting from a six-inch to twenty-inch relief slowed the work of carving, and the sculptors did not finish the frieze until mid-1902.
Hailed by many at the time of its completion, the magnificent arch would mark the university’s entrance for less than four years. The earthquake dislodged the heavy stone cap, along with parts of the frieze, and opened up crevices running from the top to the base. Large sections of falling masonry damaged adjacent structures and piles of rubble lay below. Ellen Coit Elliott, wife of Registrar Orrin Leslie Elliott, wrote, “Its sculpted top was knocked off like ashes from a cigar….” Consultants, hired by the Board of Trustees to determine the condition of campus buildings, recommended reconstruction utilizing a steel frame and reinforced concrete, but rebuilding of the memorial was deemed a low priority, unnecessary to the reopening of the university to students. As a safety precaution the arch was dismantled down to the level of the adjacent arcades. The remaining columns were capped by red tiles and remain in this state today. A short-lived effort by alumni to raise funds for the rebuilding of the Memorial Arch failed, and alumni energies soon were focused on the reconstruction of Memorial Church and the fate of football.
Digital images from the Stanford University Archives represented on this site may be viewed freely. These images may not be reproduced or used for any purpose without permission. For permission requests please contact the Office of the University Archivist
Questions or comments? Email the Web Manager | <urn:uuid:8ea2f8a9-d2e5-46d5-983f-f0168c868735> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://quake06.stanford.edu/centennial/gallery/structures/memarch/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961511 | 701 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Let's talk about how to attend to chronic pain, memory loss, and depression.
What does magnesium have to do with that, you ask?
My answer: lots! Feel inspire to add, e.g., almonds, cashews, peanuts, for extra magnesium.
Let's dive in!
Also, here is a resource for you that lists how your magnesium intake should be coordinated with other vitamins and minerals. Enjoy!
Let's not forget that magnesium needs to be in balance with calcium. They have opposite functions — for example calcium contracts muscles, magnesium relaxes muscles. The ideal ratio of calcium to magnesium is thought to be 1:1 to 2:1 so if you’re getting say 800 mg calcium, you’d need 400 – 800 mg magnesium. That’s a whole lot more than the 200 mg that most people get. Most people’s ratio is 5:1 or higher and that’s a major problem over the long term.
You'r listening to YOUR Mental Wellness podcast for YOUR voice and sanity.
Thank you for joining us this week on your mental wellness podcast for your voice and sanity. Make sure to check out our show notes, visit our website, www dot tools for vitality.com where you can subscribe to the show. We would appreciate it if you would tell a friend about the podcast
Hi there, I am so excited, as usual to talk about food and how we can with food intake. And today with the intake on Museum and hands, how we feel, how we act, how we're able to enjoy sanity, and the use of old voice as you get to have a voice on this planet to make the best impact ever. So I want to start out with magnesium today, which is one of those amazing little entities that has such a big impact. It can counteract depression, for to stress reactivity, can help with anxiety, as well as how your pain related receptors are responding to those n da chemicals that are your built in pain medication. It allows us to reverse the influence of aging, if we're handling magnesium in good and good and adequate amounts, as well as it can help you that your synapses in the brain that help with communication between cells in a great, you know, shape in terms of their density and plasticity. When we think about traumatic brain injury, even magnesium can preserve the functioning in case of an injury and decrease chronic pain. So this is just a go getter. So let's go over a couple of facts and then also see how you and your average life that you may feel doesn't amount to much can really take off. Anyways, magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral and our bodies. First there's calcium, potassium, and sodium follows by quick music. The recommended daily intake is four to 20 milligrams for adult males, and three to 20 milligrams for females. But about 75% of American consumers don't consume enough of that the recommended portion. Especially when we have refined grains and parts of processed foods in our diets, which I guess we're all guilty of our magnesium intake is especially important for that. And most those people who are most at risk for insufficiency are people with GI disease and type two diabetes, as well as people who were consuming large amounts of alcohol. In general, we also see that the older we get, the less likely we are consuming enough magnesium. And you know, basically we want to just watch for consuming foods with the highest magnesium content. So we have almonds, spinach, pumpkin seeds, cashews, peanuts, avocados, and dark chocolate. My favorite of those with high magnesium content. When we look even at people with taking supplements, magnesium supplementation has shown to increase the effectiveness of people who were on an anti anxiety medication, as well as those who were treated for depression. Some of these acts on the brains, pathways that really are so interacting with those that influence how we feel about ourselves. It also works on those parts of the brain that help with you know, the neurotransmitter glutamate, which is one of those entities that we want to watch for a little bit. And so if we have medium in the brain, and good levels, then it can basically help downshift potential diseases with that whether neurotransmitter glutamate is involved such as chronic pain, depression and anxiety. So this stuff, eating your almonds, you know, eating your spinach is just a no brainer to me. Because if you look at this, you will have by the way how we eat is at our fingertips. So we see that all these enzymes in our body that depend on the museum, many of them are founded on nervous system. Really, then if we attend to that, we can really help us a lot with regards to how we're able to deal with stressors and how we're able to enhance them. So also not to forget here that we want to you know this supportive magnesium to our body. We are able to that we can help online to learn to have good memory, because the density of the synapses that allow the brain cells to communicate, especially in the part of the brain that makes new memories that hippocampus can be supported. So in that part of the brain that makes new memories, if we eat a good diet with with plenty of magnesium, that memory bank, or the memory generator is being supported and keep at its best. Who can also argue that that I think they've done so far only experimental studies, however, they are really wanting to influence also how we are affected by Alzheimer's disease, and really work with the use of magnesium to prevent the cognitive decline there. So I'm just excited to talk about that. As especially with this ingredient to our successful wellness and sanity, the body must satisfy all of us intake through the diet. And so it's even more in our hands, to be our best supporters and our best fans in Bing with the same mind sound judgment and the capacity to use our voice in a healthy way. So I just wanted to point out these things to us to inspire us as usual, to go after the small, big things, even by the way how we eat, even by the way, how we make us in quotation marks. Choose certain ingredients. And again, this is like easy setup for Canadians ranging from spinach to cashews, almonds, peanuts, right so this is stuff that is easily accessible, as we are very grateful for the riches and food here in this region where we live. So we're gonna inspire us to go for it so that we hit our magnesium recommendations. Talk to you soon again. And as usual, I blocked any comments or feedback. And so you let me know how it's going. And I'd love to hear from you. Talk soon | <urn:uuid:8109dc4c-e1c1-4114-9b5d-4206e7938594> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yourmentalwellnesspodcast.buzzsprout.com/1829176/10205151-magnesium-and-your-mental-sanity?t=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.969933 | 1,387 | 2.046875 | 2 |
It's time to make up a bunch of awards and hand them out to the most deserving people, places and things in the real estate, architecture and neighborhood universes of New York City! Yep, it's time for the 13th Annual Curbed Awards! Up now: the wackiest design proposals we saw this year.
With massive new projects announced seemingly every other day, space in New York—particularly in Manhattan—is growing ever smaller. But that hasn’t stopped intrepid planners from coming up with hare-brained schemes for new civic projects; in fact, some of the most outrageous designs we saw this past year dealt with repurposing existing structures, creating innovative spaces in tight quarters, or building transportation solutions that went far beyond the norm.
So, sit back as we take you through some of the most imaginative design proposals presented this past year from a sky gondola across the East River to an enormous megaproject that could transform the Red Hook waterfront.
↑ New York Horizon
Another one of the eVolo Skyscraper Competition winners, this entry saw design students Yitan Sun and Jianshi Wu from the Rhode Island School of Design propose a rectangular, habitable glass wall that would run along the periphery of Central Park. Though it appears that the structure towers over Central Park, the proposal calls for placing them 1,000 feet below ground and rising to the surface of the park, which would have been dug up to reveal the bedrock.
↑ Empire State Gateway
Much like last year, this year too saw a proposal surrounding a bridge connecting New Jersey and Manhattan. This one, however, wasn’t simply a pedestrian bridge, and in fact proposed connecting New Jersey all the way to Queens by a triple-decker suspension bridge. Cost estimates put this project at about $20 billion, so the likelihood of it happening is … uh … slim.
↑ Vertical Times
Many New Yorkers try to stay as far away as possible from the teeming Times Square crowds, but Shanghai-based architecture firm 100architects had a very Manhattan-appropriate solution to the masses: go vertical. They proposed a multi-story community center and park towering above the square to ease up the foot traffic on street level.
↑ Elm Park—Bayonne Gondola
This wasn’t the only aerial gondola project proposed this year, but it may have certainly been closer to reality than the other one. If it did in fact move forward it would connect Elm Park on Staten Island to Bayonne in New Jersey. Commuters could then take the PATH Train to Manhattan. Developers estimated that travel time between Manhattan and Staten Island would be 33 minutes.
↑ The Halo
To counter what will inevitably be the rising costs around Penn Station’s redevelopment, developer Brooklyn Capital Partners proposed a 1,200-foot amusement ride on top of Madison Square Garden or the back of the Farley post office building. The open-air structure would consist of 11 gondolas that travel at a maximum speed of 100 miles per hour, and rides would cost $35 per person. The developer believes that this amusement ride will attract millions of visitors each year and create $38 million in annual funds for the state. (We do not believe it will actually happen.)
↑ AECOM’s Red Hook Proposal
Even though this was just a proposal, Red Hook residents were rightfully concerned about AECOM’s suggestion to bring a megaproject twice the size of Hudson Yards to the neighborhood. Among the suggestions this proposal was making were the addition of 45,000 new units of housing (including affordable apartments); measures to improve storm resiliency in the neighborhood; and to the extend the 1 train from South Ferry and create three new subway stops in Red Hook.
↑ New York State Pavilion Reimagined
In March this year, the National Trust for Historic Preservation launched a competition to elicit responses for a reimagined and reinvigorated New York State Pavilion in the future. More than 250 entries were received to transform Philip Johnson’s iconic structure, and the one that came in first is “Hanging Meadows,” which imagined using the Space Age structure as a base for a “suspended natural environment” with walkways and plants that were native to New York and the northeastern United States.
↑ An alternative for Penn Station: Repurposing MSG
Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that the $3 billion revamp of Penn Station would be completed by 2020 (we’ll believe it when we see it), and in the wake of that announcement, architect Vishaan Chakrabarti proposed moving Madison Square Garden, and repurposing its current building as an airy component of the larger Penn Station complex. The design that Chakrabarti proposes was informed by—no surprises here—McKim, Mead and White’s old Penn Station, which was demolished in 1963. That station’s grand stairways, high ceilings, and open floorplan would be replicated, with and the circular structure that currently holds MSG would transform into "a blastproof glass facade that would allow in light and views while enabling passive heating and cooling."
↑ L Train Alternatives
The L train shutdown is still a couple of years off, but the considerable impact it will have on Manhattan and Brooklyn led many to proposed alternatives to alleviate traffic congestion (and the lack of a connection between Williamsburg and points east to Manhattan) Canarsie tunnel is being repaired. Here they are in no particular order.
- East River Skyway: This aerial gondola over the East River would have the possibility of transporting 5,000 people per hour and could be built at a cost of $134 million. The proposal now has the backing of several local elected officials.
- Van Alen Institute Design Competition: The institute asked design teams to provide solutions to this looming transportation crisis, and the winner proposed running a ferry along the Newtown Creek, which would connect to existing ferry infrastructure and the LIRR.
- E train extension: This proposal called for the E train to be extended beyond its current terminal at the World Trade Center, be rerouted along the A/C line, and then eventually connect to the G train at the Hoyt-Schermerhorn stop in Brooklyn.
- Street closures: Several different proposals called for closing several huge thoroughfares in Brooklyn and Manhattan—Bedford Avenue, Grand Street, and 14th Street—to cars during the shutdown, leaving them open for pedestrians, cyclists, and possibly buses.
- Lowline: This proposal advocated using the site for the underground park as a bus depot to improve the commute between the Lower East Side and Williamsburg. The founders of the Lowline were not impressed.
Did we miss any major design experiments you feel deserve a mention on this list? Sound off in the comments and let us know. | <urn:uuid:bf9bf39b-00c5-42aa-93f4-e68c1a02e3a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ny.curbed.com/2016/12/27/14030538/nyc-design-proposals-2016-most-outrageous | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.950735 | 1,409 | 1.640625 | 2 |
What is the impact of Habitat homeownership?
A in-depth study of the impacts of Habitat homeownership was conducted by Wilder Research and published in 2015. A representative sample of 402 Habitat homeowners were surveyed. The full report can be found here, but below is a summary of the findings.
- Of Habitat homeowners who have a family member with respiratory illness, 57% said they improved after moving into their Habitat home. Of those with respiratory illnesses, 74% of shorter-term homeowners noted an improvement to their condition.
- Habitat has a positive influence on children's education. Over half of homeowners with children said their children's grades improved after moving into their Habitat home.
- In 92% of Habitat homes, at least one adult, either the homeowner or another family member, started or completed, or plans to start or complete, higher education or training programs after moving in.
- About two-thirds of Habitat homeowners feel more confident about their abilty to fund their children's college educations.
- Overall, 90% of homeowners said they feel better about their children's future.
- Over 90% of Habitat homeowners feel safe in their homes and about 80% feel safer than they did in their previous homes. A similar percentage feel that their children are now safer.
- Over 80% of Habitat homeowners say they feel connected to their community and over half say they participate more in community activities.
- Two-thirds of families say that their children spend more time with friends and classmates.
Family Interaction and Personal Well-Being
- Two-thirds of Habitat homeowners say they get along better with their families, and over 70% spend more time with their families.
- Nearlry 90% of Habitat homeowners said they feel at least 'somewhat better' about themselves, and 75% of homeowners feel 'much better' about themselves, compared to before becoming a Habitat homeowner.
- Over half of Habitat homeowners say they have more money since moving into their Habitat home.
- Of those who changed jobs, 80% said that their new job is better.
- The percentage of homeowners using some sort of government assistance decreased by 20% since the time of their application.
Overall, 92% said their lives were better since moving into their Habitat home. Of that 92%, 89% said they contributed that positive change either 'completely' or 'a lot' to Habitat.
Why is Habitat Needed?
The world is experiencing a global housing crisis.
Worldwide, some 827.6 million people live in urban slums.
- By 2020, it is estimated the world slum population will reach almost 1 billion.
- About 50 percent of the world’s population now live in urban areas.
- Lack of clean water and sanitation claim the lives of more than 1.8 million young children every year.
In the United States, 48.5 million people are living in poverty
- Minimum wage is not keeping up with the rising cost of living and many workers struggle to afford decent housing.
Decent, stable housing provides more than just a roof over someone’s head
- Stability for families and children.
- Sense of dignity and pride.
- Health, physical safety and security.
- Increase of educational and job prospects.
The transformational ability of good housing
- Children under 5 in Malawi living in Habitat for Humanity houses have 44 percent less malaria, respiratory or gastrointestinal diseases compared to children living in traditional houses.
Housing must become a priority
- The percentage of people without access to decent, stable housing is rising.
- Increasing the housing supply across the globe is essential.
- Adequate housing is vitally important to the health of the world’s economies, communities and populations.
- If we are to succeed in the fight against poverty, we must support the expansion of housing both as policy and as practice.
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Click the link below to sign up to receive our newsletter. | <urn:uuid:1971cc1f-41af-4a02-9183-30389ca07fe0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://habitatnewburgh.org/how-to-help/advocate/affordable-housing-matters.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9672 | 852 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Seal worms in fish
Small round worms, varying in colour from creamy white to dark brown, are occasionally found in the flesh of fish, particularly cod. These seal worms, or nematodes as they are called by scientists, also known as Terranova decipiens or Porrocaecum decipiens, spend part of their life cycle in seals. Eggs passed into the water by seals hatch, are eaten by small fish and shrimp-like animals which are in turn eaten by larger fish such as cod. Only fish caught in areas frequented by seals are affected in this way and only a small portion of the total catch is taken from such areas.
The occurrence of nematodes in fish is a natural phenomenon which cannot be prevented and is not indicative of mishandling or spoilage. Fillets from fish taken from areas where seals abound are carefully examined by passing them over an illuminated glass top table. The light shining through the fillets aids in the detection and reduces the chances of fillets containing seal worms reaching the consumer. While the operation is routinely checked by federal government inspectors, it is not 100% effective and in spite of taking every reasonable precaution, fillets containing the worms do reach the market.
The seal worm is destroyed by commercial freezing and storage as well as by normal cooking temperatures. Fish is fully cooked when the colour of the flesh becomes opaque and flakes easily when tested with a fork.
- Date modified: | <urn:uuid:556f8fe4-ca4d-4f13-be88-74f406e3077c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://inspection.canada.ca/food-safety-for-consumers/fact-sheets/specific-products-and-risks/fish-and-seafood/seal-worms/eng/1332272536555/1332272603915 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.968616 | 291 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Individuals, groups and organizations have been setting up fundraisers for a long time. Back in the day, direct mail was very popular. An organization would buy a mailing list, five boxes of envelopes and have hundreds of flyers printed. They would mail forms to people who may or may not open the envelope (if it wasn’t returned to the organizer by the post office). Now we can save the time and trouble (and expense) with online fundraising, sometimes called crowdfunding.
When a fire ravaged an apartment complex that was home to a group of local college students, their friends and coworkers rallied to raise funds to help them out. After investigating a number of online resources they realized that the fees were high and it was rather complicated. They needed to move quickly.
WhenNow saved the day. It is extremely easy to set up with no advance bank or credit card linking required! The fees are minuscule and simply deducted from the final check, which is released five days after the fundraiser ends.
This particular group wanted to keep their donation requests limited to their own work community. If they wanted to reach farther they could have used the built-in sharing tools to share on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. An organizer can also set up a Facebook Event Page and link the ticketing or donation link to the event.
So why not turn on Collect Donations when setting up your event on WhenNow and you can let folks know that can donate a little ‘extra’ to help your cause. Or just donate something even if they can’t attend.
Using WhenNow for your fundraiser has significant benefits over other means, or traditional fundraising programs using print and return forms (who uses stamps these days?)
Don’t wait. Sign up today! | <urn:uuid:e36171ac-f711-4278-9d0b-2855027db25f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://site.whennow.com/blog/collect-donations-using-whennow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960395 | 360 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Mayo Clinic's approach
Your Mayo Clinic care team
Mayo Clinic's spinal cord injury team is led by doctors trained in brain and nervous system disorders (neurologists), brain and nervous system surgery (neurosurgeons), nerve and muscle physiology and rehabilitation (physiatrists), bone and muscle surgery (orthopedic surgeons), and Mayo's many other specialists as your situation requires.
Advanced diagnosis and treatment
Specialists at Mayo Clinic's Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Program provide a wide range of therapies to treat sexual health and manage fertility after a spinal cord injury, including psychological therapy, fertility counseling and treatment options for sexual dysfunction.
You and your Mayo Clinic care team will create an individualized treatment plan to meet your needs and achieve your goals. You and your family are considered an integral part of the treatment team. You are involved in making decisions, setting treatment goals and planning your discharge arrangements.
Lifelong follow-up care
Mayo Clinic doctors trained in physical medicine and rehabilitation and other staff offer a full range of spinal cord injury rehabilitation services for you, from intensive hospital care to continued care throughout your lifetime. Your spinal cord injury rehabilitation team provides inpatient rehabilitation, outpatient rehabilitation and lifelong care.
Expertise and rankings
Decades of experience
For nearly 70 years, Mayo Clinic doctors and staff have helped many people recover from traumatic spinal cord injuries and nontraumatic spinal disorders using a wide range of therapies.
Nationally recognized expertise
The Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) has accredited the Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Program at Mayo Clinic's campus in Minnesota. Specialists at Mayo Clinic's Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Program have experience treating people of all ages with spinal cord injuries of all levels and severity.
Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, is ranked among the Best Hospitals for neurology and neurosurgery, for urology, for orthopedics, and for rehabilitation by U.S. News & World Report.
Learn more about Mayo Clinic's neurology and neurosurgery departments' expertise and rankings.
Locations, travel and lodging
Mayo Clinic has major campuses in Phoenix and Scottsdale, Arizona; Jacksonville, Florida; and Rochester, Minnesota. The Mayo Clinic Health System has dozens of locations in several states.
For more information on visiting Mayo Clinic, choose your location below:
Costs and insurance
Mayo Clinic works with hundreds of insurance companies and is an in-network provider for millions of people.
In most cases, Mayo Clinic doesn't require a physician referral. Some insurers require referrals, or may have additional requirements for certain medical care. All appointments are prioritized on the basis of medical need.
Learn more about appointments at Mayo Clinic.
Please contact your insurance company to verify medical coverage and to obtain any needed authorization prior to your visit. Often, your insurer's customer service number is printed on the back of your insurance card. | <urn:uuid:94d98270-8d7c-43ce-b739-4b91b00a372d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/sexuality-and-fertility-management-after-spinal-cord-injury/care-at-mayo-clinic/pcc-20395000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.926158 | 604 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The Edges Are Turning Brown on the Leaves of a Lantana
Lantanas (Lantana spp), multiple species and hybrids within the genus of the same name, are prized for their drought tolerance, clusters of colorful flowers and and various growth habits that make them suitable in containers, as low growing groundcovers or shrubs. The lantana leaves turning brown can occur for a number of reasons ranging from poor water management to pest or disease problems.
Improper Watering or Drainage
Although lantanas are drought-tolerant, they require regular water during the period of establishment and occasional supplemental irrigation during extended dry periods, according to the University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management website. Inadequate available water for the lantana leads to wilt, leaf discoloration and drop.
Excessive water, poorly-drained soils or a container with insufficient drain holes can cause lantana overwatering symptoms such as leaf wilt, browning and premature drop as the roots rot due to the continual saturation. Persistent moisture around the roots also leaves plants vulnerable to fungal infection.
Nutrient Deficiencies in Lantana
The unavailability of certain nutrients could potentially cause lantana leaves to develop brown edges or similar symptoms. An advanced iron deficiency leads to the appearance of dead tissue along leaf edges and tips. Inadequate potassium forces marginal chlorosis and eventually causes a burnt appearance. A calcium deficiency can cause the tips of this plant's leaves to turn brown, then black, as well as lantana leaves curling or distortion.
Phosphorus-deficient plants may develop dead patches along leaf margins and older leaves on phosphorus-deficient plants develop a purple tinge. The proper application of a balanced fertilizer and, if necessary, adjusting the soil pH, usually addresses nutrient deficiencies.
Mineral Excesses and Chemical Burn
Improperly applied fertilizer, excessive salt buildup or accidental herbicide application appears on lantana and other plants as leaf tip death, yellowing or browning of leaf margins and dieback. Toxicity caused by excessive or improper fertilizer application or salt accumulation is treated, if possible, by thoroughly flushing the soil around the lantana with water to leach the problematic substance out of the plant's root zone.
Lantana Pests and Diseases
Botrytis blight, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, forces discoloration, wilt, decay and premature drop of flowers, leaves and shoots. This pathogen prefers moist conditions and mild temperatures, so it is best combated by thinning out the plant, pruning out infected portions and avoiding overhead watering.
The lantana leafblotch miner, the larvae of Liriomyza species, feeds within leaves and causes brown or gray blotches and premature leaf drop. Pruning out infested leaves, avoiding the use of broad-spectrum insecticides and providing the lantana with good cultural care usually achieves adequate control of this pest and encourages rapid plant recovery.
The University of Illinois Extension website advises that various species of whiteflies feed on lantana and are potentially responsible for leaf yellowing and drop. Whiteflies also excrete a sticky, sweet substance known as honeydew that hosts the development of sooty mold. Populations of these pests, though difficult to control completely, are reduced by removing heavily-infested leaves, spraying infested plants with a strong blast of water and avoiding the use of pesticides that harm whitefly predators.
Angela Ryczkowski is a professional writer who has served as a greenhouse manager and certified wildland firefighter. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in urban and regional studies. | <urn:uuid:e5765ff9-a4a9-48ea-9ff3-86aa0696bdb4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://homeguides.sfgate.com/edges-turning-brown-leaves-lantana-33210.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.910522 | 765 | 3.671875 | 4 |
06 November 2018
First appeared in TimesLIVE
South Africa has two world-class liver transplant centres‚ a new study finds. But they are under-utilised because not enough donor livers can be sourced and those who need their services often can’t reach them.
The two centres serve the whole of the African continent. Researchers also flagged the low numbers of patients being referred to the centres from the public sector‚ although this number has been growing. In 2004‚ when the centre opened‚ only 6% of patients were from the public sector‚ while in 2016 this had grown to 11%. The biggest challenge‚ said the researchers‚ is the absence of liver donors. There simply aren’t enough.
“This highlights one of the greatest barriers to increasing solid-organ transplant volumes in SA and can only be addressed if a multifaceted approach is fully endorsed by national government‚” they wrote.
A shortage of facilities and the increasing demand for life-saving kidney treatment in the public sector has led to a rise in kidney-related deaths. From 1999 to 2006‚ deaths from chronic kidney disease in the public sector increased by 67%‚ reported Professor Brian Rayner‚ head of nephrology and hypertension at Groote Schuur‚ in 2017.
Nearly 10 times more people were getting renal replacement therapy in the private sector than in the public sector: 716.3 people per million of the population in private care compared to 72.6 in public care.
Investing in the kidney transplant programme at public hospitals would therefore free up dialysis slots for new patients needing life-saving kidney treatment‚ nephrologists noted. | <urn:uuid:ba5c01f9-f50b-48a4-a4ea-fc5625b98641> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://reportingsouthafrica.sit.edu/category/alumni | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954964 | 349 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Essay writing is an important part of the life of a student. Students have to prepare several assignments on essay writing in order to successfully pass their academic course. Students have to write different types of essays in their schools, colleges and universities. The most prevalent types of essay writing for the students are descriptive essays, argumentative essays, critical essays, definition essays, leadership essays, response essays and many more. There is a proper process that has to be followed by the student while writing an essay. Becoming a pro at essay writing is possible but it requires practice and a lot of Reading. You can write an impressive essay just by following certain steps and guidelines. This blog is particularly covering definition essays and the blog will highlight an extended definition essay outline, definition essay examples and the most important topics for the definition essay. A definition essay is a piece of writing where one-half write the definition of a particular word or concept in their own wordings. You may get a definition essay to write on simple objects such as tables, chairs, pens, notebooks. It is not as simple as it looks because some abstract Concepts and topics such as love, emotions, and life are also covered in the definition essays. It is not a simple task because you have to write a complete essay using your imagination, knowledge and experience. If you want someone who is new to writing a definition essay and you are looking for any kind of help, then this blog is for you. A step-by-step guide and approach will be discussed in this blog using definition essay examples and the latest topics.
Writing a definition essay can be a tricky part but if you follow the following steps, then it can be simple for you:
Select a topic of your choice: If your professor has not given you any topic for a definition essay, then you should select a concept or idea as the main point in writing your essay. This concept can be extracted from topics such as love, heroism, hate, truth, generosity, etc. You have to completely understand the term or the word that you are selecting for writing this essay.
Avoid specific objects and select a word with more than one meaning: You should avoid selecting specific objects and things such as an apple in, a notebook to write your essay because writing a detailed essay on such objects is a difficult task. Try selecting a word that has more than one meaning so that you get enough content to write on it. You can talk about different meanings and different opinions of the people about the particular time that you have selected in your essay to attract the audience.
Research in detail about the selected word or term: You should research the word in detail so that you can write about it in your essay. You should come up with as many examples as it is possible and it is only possible if you research the topic from different angles. You should start the topic with the literal definition using the dictionary wordings and then you can proceed with building the content.
Ask your friends and family about the word: You should also ask for the op emails about the particular word or Term from your friends and family. This will help you to know about the Europeans and you will be able to cover all these different ideas in your essay.
The outline for the definition essay is the same as of other essays. It includes an introduction, body paragraph and conclusion.
This is the beginning of your essay. You have to introduce the readers to the definition of the selected word or term. You should include two definitions: Standard definition and thesis definition. Standard definition is the definition that you can find in the dictionary and thesis definition will be different from the dictionary. You should give more importance to the definition of the thesis and this will be in more detail. You will be talking about your personal understanding and opinions in the thesis definition and this will also help you to build up the thesis statement.
This is the largest part of your essay. Here you have to define the core parts of the selected word and put them into organized sections. You should make use of more and more examples in this part. The body paragraphs can be divided into 2 to 4 paragraphs depending upon the requirement of words and details.
The conclusion is about summing up the main points of your argument but you should use different wordings. Also, make the ending interesting and deep so that it can impact the readers in a positive manner.
Some of the famous topics and examples of writing the definition essays are:
Follow all of these guidelines to write your definition essay. If you still feel that you need any type of help in completing your homework, you can always take help from our experts. | <urn:uuid:a3d2e9a2-5475-4cb5-a64c-1b7110139624> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://domyhomeworkhelp.com/blog/ultimate-guide-on-writing-definition-essay-outline-topics-and-examples/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947005 | 938 | 3.03125 | 3 |
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Heidegger’s Feeble Excuses
John Mann reviews Martin Heidegger: A Political Life by Hugo Ott.
Martin Heidegger was arguably the most important philosopher of the twentieth century. According to this book he was also a devout Nazi who never recanted his evil political beliefs.
During the Second World War Martin Heidegger lived and worked in Germany. There are a number of sympathetic accounts of how he spent his time:
The “He Quietly Worked Away at Philosophy” Theory
According to this theory Heidegger ignored the outside world, and continued to do his philosophy, working on ancient Greek thinkers, Holderlin, Nietzsche and so on, until the war was over and he was able to – well, carry on ignoring the outside world and continue with his philosophy!
One little problem with this theory is the fact Heidegger was appointed Rector of the University of Freiberg from 22 April 1933 until he resigned on 23 April 1934; this was a major position in Nazi Germany, and so he cannot have been totally lost to the outside world.
The “He Tried to Do Good as a Rector” Theory
According to this theory Heidegger had the Rectorship pushed upon him, and thought he could do some good opposing the Nazis. When he realised he could do no good, he went back to philosophy (see Theory 1, above).
Ott shows there are enough falsehoods in this sentence to write a book about (the one under review). Firstly, Heidegger joined the Nazi group at Freiberg and was their candidate for the post of Rector – he was the official Nazi choice. Secondly, he certainly didn’t oppose the Nazis once he took the post – he pushed the Nazi cause and hastened the process of Gleichschaltung, the Nazi reorganisation of the universities. One of his most obvious achievements was the imposition of the ‘Sieg Heil’ Nazi salute within the University. Finally, the reason he resigned from the post is due to a power struggle within the Nazi party which Heidegger lost.
The “Heidegger’s Nazism wasn’t real Nazism” Theory
According to this theory Heidegger was a bit out of touch with the real world, and completely mistook Nazism for quite a nice political theory. He might have gone about with a little Nazi lapel badge and given the Hitler salute, but in his head he was not really a Nazi.
It certainly appears to be true that Heidegger thought only he could explain the meaning of Adolf Hitler, and aspired to be the Nazis’ leading intellectual. He saw the coming of Hitler as the advent of Being itself. In his Rectorship address he says “let not your being be ruled by doctrine or ‘ideas’. The Führer himself and he alone is the German reality, present and future, and its law.”
Yet Heidegger wasn’t simply concerned with using his Rector’s position to achieve intellectual power. He paid close attention to everyday matters, such as attending Nazi student ‘military’ exercises, and at the Rectorship inauguration ceremony ensuring the Nazi anthem, the Horst-Wessel Lied, be printed on the back of the programme.
The “But He Always Acted Honourably” Theory
According to this theory, Heidegger might have innocently been led astray by Nazism, but he was still basically a good person – if rather naive.
Heidegger cannot be called a ‘good person’ even before his Nazi period. He typically took from anyone offering, and never gave anything in return. Edmund Husserl is a good example of this – Heidegger played the ‘good pupil’ while Husserl did all he could to get Heidegger the chair at Marburg, but after obtaining the position Heidegger turned his back on Husserl, closed all personal ties and almost immediately began attacking his work.
In Nazi Germany Heidegger happily denounced those he did not like to the authorities – the case of Hermann Staudinger, who Heidegger denounced to the Gestapo is a good example. He tried to block Eduard Baumgarten’s academic career by claiming he was a friend of Jews (“he established close contact with the Jew Fraenkel, who used to teach in Gottingen and has now been dismissed from there”). Other examples are where Heidegger blocks academically able students if they have a negative attitude to the Nazi state (e.g. he does this with Max Muller in 1938/ 39).
The “He Was Only a Nazi For a Short Time” Theory
This theory admits that Heidegger was a Nazi for a short time – in the early 1930s – but that he soon realised its true nature and quickly escaped from it.
As can be seen from the report he sends to the Freiberg office of the League of University Lecturers on Max Muller’s negative attitude to the National Socialist state in 1938/39, Heidegger’s ties to Nazism last a lot longer than his defenders would like to admit.
In 1935 Heidegger is still writing about the “inward truth and greatness of National Socialism”, and even as late as 1942 he writes against academics who do “no service to National Socialism and its unique historical status – not that it stands in need of such favours”. Clearly Heidegger was a supporter of Nazism even into the 1940s. After the war it is well known that he was reluctant to speak of his time in Germany under the Nazis, and certainly he never spoke openly against Nazism.
What does it mean if one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century was a Nazi? Does it someone disprove or invalidate Heidegger’s philosophy? Does it somehow invalidate philosophy in general?
There are no simple answers to questions like these. Certainly many people, including the present writer, have found Heidegger’s writings profound and thoughtful. How can someone who has inspired writers, theologians and artists as well as other philosophers, be simply ‘wrong’? The solution, if there is one, lies in the recognition that Heidegger’s experience is not an exception – we know clever people are not always good people, even that sensitive, artistic people are not always good people. The lesson of Heidegger and those like him is that what one creates may be totally unrelated to what we are. Don Cupitt in his book Solar Ethics makes a similar point.
“I am not claiming… that by writing Die Einterreise Franz Schubert procures either therapy or even relief for his psychic distress and his grief… but if he loved music more even than himself, if he longed to express himself musically, and if he poured his heart out into his music… the artwork becomes his objective redemption by what it does for us, rather than for him.”
Reading Heidegger after reading this book is difficult, but Cupitt shows that no matter how mean and wretched the individual spirit, what it creates may yet shine. Heidegger’s soul was black, but his books may still give out light.
© John Mann 1997
Hugo Ott Martin Heidegger: A Political Life (Fontana), 407 pages, £8.99 for the paperback.
John Mann is a Software Engineer and lives in Hadleigh, Suffolk | <urn:uuid:cd3df283-bab0-489e-95bb-fc8f6b769aed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://philosophynow.org/issues/18/Heideggers_Feeble_Excuses | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973983 | 1,626 | 2.640625 | 3 |
What Causes Bulging Veins in Hands?The most common causes for bulging veins in hands are hot weather, physical activity, age, and low body fat. In other words, if you’re thinner, older, have been exercising, or the day is warm, the veins in your hands may be easier to see. A combination of two or more of those factors could make your veins more pronounced. In most cases, that’s not a problem. Veins are naturally easier to see on older people, and those who are lower in weight. When people exercise, or they spend a lot of time outdoors in warm weather, their veins show up more clearly. After cooling down and resting, veins will be less obvious. But if you notice that your veins are suddenly much easier to see, or you’re experiencing bulging veins that weren’t clearly seen before, it’s a good idea to have a checkup, just to be sure there isn’t a problem.
Do Your Bulging Veins Need Treatment?If bulging veins in hands are causing you discomfort, if there’s any pain, redness, or swelling around them, or if there’s only bulging in one area, working with a vein doctor to find the source of the issue can be important. You may have higher blood pressure or another medical condition causing the bulging. Fortunately, most venous conditions are easily treated, especially when they’re caught early. Reaching out to see if you need any treatment for bulging veins in hands can give you great peace of mind.
When are Varicose Veins a Problem?Bulging veins in hands are sometimes varicose veins. These are more commonly seen in the legs, but they can appear in other areas of the body. They may itch or cause a burning sensation, and can also be painful. Some people are more prone to experiencing these issues than other people, so you’ll want to work with a phlebologist to make sure your veins are staying as healthy and strong as possible. Most people who have bulging veins in hands or other areas of the body want to get them treated, so they aren’t as obvious. Treatment can also reduce any discomfort you’re experiencing, and most treatments are minimally invasive. You can resume your normal activities quickly, and have the confidence and comfort that comes with reducing or eliminating varicose and bulging veins in hands and other areas.
Get Varicose Vein Treatment Today, at Tri-City VeinIf you’re looking for vein treatment in the Phoenix, Arizona area, schedule an appointment with one of our expert phlebologists at Tri-City Vein today. We offer a number of vein treatment options, to help treat and cure a wide range of venous disorders. Reach out to meet our Phoenix vein physicians, so you can get started on the right treatment for your legs. We offer simple yet proven procedures that will work for your needs. Contact us today to schedule an appointment....
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The Savello Park or Orange Garden stands on the Aventine hill, in the area of the ancient fortress built by the Savelli family towards the end of the 13th century at the church of Santa Sabina; the fortress was built on a pre-existing 10th century castle belonging to the Crescenzi.
The large medieval walls of the fortress now surround the Park or Orange Garden, a small rectangular garden very popular because from the belvedere overlooking the river you can enjoy a splendid view of Rome from the bend of the Tiber to St. Peter's Basilica.
The trees that give it its name were planted in memory of San Domenico, who founded the convent right here in the thirteenth century: the orange at which the saint preached is kept in the nearby cloister of S. Sabina and is still visible through a hole in the wall of the church porch.
The park, characterized by a symmetrical layout with a median avenue aligned with the belvedere, was built in 1932 on a project by the architect Raffaele De Vico, who enhanced the space enclosed between the ancient walls. In the enclosure wall, on the side opposite the side wall and the apse of Santa Sabina, the traces of the towers and the drawbridge of the castle are clearly recognizable.
The walls bear the signs of a subsequent refurbishment of the area, carried out at the end of the sixteenth century by the architect Domenico Fontana on behalf of Sixtus V. In addition to the walls, the thirteenth-century castle and its subsequent extensions only remain a few granaries and warehouses underground, while the building was almost completely demolished in 1613.
Leaving the Orange Garden and turning right, you reach Piazza dei Cavalieri di Malta, designed by the famous engraver Giovan Battista Piranesi in 1765. From the lock of the door that leads to the Villa dei Cavalieri, you can see Saint Peter’s dome, framed by the garden hedges.
from October to February 7.00 - 18.00
from March to September 7.00 - 20.00
from April to August 7.00 - 21.00
To find out about all accessibility services, visit the Rome accessible section. | <urn:uuid:60d3979a-b315-4fbd-9ba3-6ed7f83ffac9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://turismoroma.it/en/places/savello-park-or-orange-garden | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949639 | 478 | 2.375 | 2 |
Jamila Lyiscott aka, Dr. J, is an aspiring way-maker, a community-engaged scholar, nationally renowned speaker, and the author of Black Appetite. White Food: Issues of Race, Voice, and Justice Within and Beyond the Classroom. She currently serves as an Associate Professor of Social Justice Education at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where she is the co-founder and co-director of the Center of Racial Justice and Youth Engaged Research. Dr. J is most well known for being featured on TED.com where her video, '3 Ways to Speak English,' has been viewed over 5 million times, and for her commissioned TED Talk, '2053' in response to the inauguration of the 45th occupant of the white house. She has delivered keynotes and workshops at 100s of institutions throughout the nation where she works closely with youth, educators, and communities towards racial healing, equity, and justice.
Using what she has termed a Vision-Driven Justice lens, Dr. Lyiscott works closely with people at both individual and institutional levels to inspire personal and collective vision for immediate and long-term change.
Rooted in the belief that changing the world begins with changing yourself, Dr. Lyiscott offers tools and frameworks for reflection and critical analysis at the individual and institutional levels.
Drawing on her sustained engagement with grassroots communities, Dr. Lyiscott supports the development of action plans that bring vision to life in everyday practice.
Black Appetite. White Food. Invites educators to explore the nuanced manifestations of white privilege as it exists within and beyond the classroom. Renowned speaker and author Jamila Lyiscott provides ideas and tools that teachers, school leaders, and professors can use for awareness, inspiration, and action around racial injustice and inequity. | <urn:uuid:54fc66c2-63b6-41e3-ac4e-ef44b6af0736> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jamilalyiscott.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9471 | 407 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Saturday, 14.5. 2022., 18.00
Legacy House of Nikola Koka Janković,
Slobode bb, Kragujevac
“An architect is a mason who has learned Latin.”Adolf Loos
Study exhibition dedicated to the legacy of the architect Nikola Dobrović (1897-1967), produced through experimental, collaborative research and design process shared with students and young architects from Serbia, Croatia, Germany and Switzerland. Exhibition was prepared through workshops, namely Architectural Drawing run by Nemanja Zimonjić in conversation with Josip Jerković, and Exhibiting Architectural Drawing run by Milica Lopičić, both in consultation with Ljiljana Blagojević and BINA team: Ružica Sarić, Danica Jovović Prodanović and Jelena Ivanović Vojvodić. The project opened with initial ideas and concepts in a preliminary meeting in December 2016. The first workshop was introduced by lectures “On Architectural Drawing” by Nemanja Zimonjić, and “On Architecture by Nikola Dobrović” by Ljiljana Blagojević, and was dedicated to research by design and drawing of two projects by Nikola Dobrović on the Lopud Island in Croatia: Villa Vesna (designed 1937; constructed 1939), and the unrealized project for the architect’s holiday house (1965). The research is based on comparative understanding of architectural and construction aspects of the built house, in the form of a construction manual for imagining spatial and constructive possibilities of the unbuilt holiday house. Both projects were thought through a selection of key terms and furthered by a precise methodology of drawing aiming to understand and master the design potentials of architectural solutions tuned to works and modernist language of Nikola Dobrović. The workshop on exhibit design was dedicated to exploring the media of drawing, spatial character of the gallery and the spatial concept of the exhibition.
Participants, authors of works at the exhibition:
Aleksandra Bašić, Valentin Billhardt, Milena Buchwalder, Kai Bührer, Turi Colque, Lucio Crignola, Tihomir Dičić, Andrea Đorđević, Caspar Grützner, Stefan Ilić, Jelena Ivanović, Irena Ivović, Sara Jeveričić, Nikola Kašić, Jelena Kojić, Jovana Kovačević, Piet Kretschmer, Marina Krčalić, Jana Kulić, Danica Lečić, Mladen Milinović, Johanna Nagel, Mila Nedić, Christopher Neuwirth, Luka Nikolić, Milica Nikolić, Marija Marić, Myriam Marti, Aleksandra Mitković, Max Obermark, Milan Ostojić, Maja Peruničić, Alex Schmid, Morten Schrötgens, Uroš Stojadinović, Julian Wäckerlin, Lisanne Wingels
Initiated and organized by BINA; Concept by Ljiljana Blagojević; Workshop’s leaders: Nemanja Zimonjić & Milica Lopičić | <urn:uuid:dda6ded2-c620-4b6e-832e-269801899f11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bina.rs/en/originally-on-nikola-dobrovic-contemporarary-architecture-drawing-glossar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.895925 | 728 | 2.125 | 2 |
Russian President Vladimir Putin’s announced plans Tuesday to form a National Guard with the stated goal of fighting terrorism and organized crime.
But analysts say the main aim is to put down public unrest as Russia’s economy worsens, and the country heads into elections. They see the move as a chance for Putin to consolidate power.
A draft law in Russia’s parliament, the Duma, authorizes the guard to use water cannons, armored vehicles, and riot gear to disperse mass protests.
While the draft law forbids shooting in crowded areas or at pregnant women, the disabled, or children, it says Putin will be able to directly order the National Guard on armed missions and for them to fire without warning if they see a threat.
“For all that Putin claims, it’s to fight organized crime and terrorism and drugs and so forth, it’s nothing of the sort,” says professor of Global Affairs at New York University Mark Galeotti in a VOA interview via Skype.
“This is essentially a paramilitary security force. It’s really designed for two purposes; one is to keep control of the streets in case there are renewed forms of labor unrest or anti-government political unrest. And, the second function might also be actually as a praetorian guard to make sure that the elite don’t try to conspire against Putin at all,” says Galeotti.
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told Russian state media the National Guard would be used against terrorism and crime, but also acknowledged it would likely be used to suppress what were called “unauthorized mass actions.”
When asked if the establishment of the National Guard meant a crisis of confidence in the powerful officials of military or security background surrounding Putin, called the “siloviki,” Peskov answered, “No, it does not mean that.”
The idea of a National Guard was floated numerous times in the past, but quashed because it was seen as unnecessary. “To me, this very much suggests there’s a certain mood of paranoia in the Kremlin these days,” says Galeotti.
The executive order calls for the National Guard to integrate existing Interior Ministry troops, riot police, and special forces under the central command of Putin’s former chief body guard, Viktor Zolotov, who would answer directly to the president.
“And, a bodyguard, from his point of view, is the best choice,” said independent defense analyst and deputy editor of Russia’s Yezhenedelny Zhurnal (Weekly Journal) Alexander Golts.
“Because all these so-called ‘Siloviki’, representatives of power structures-military guys, guys from security services, police, all of them were trained and indoctrinated to defend people, to defend citizens,” he says. “The only people who are indoctrinated to defend only one person and sacrifice everything in order to save his life are bodyguards,” adds Golts.
After losing its forces to Putin’s National Guard, the Interior Ministry would take over Russia’s Federal Drug Control Service and Federal Migration Service.
Russian media reports say the National Guard could eventually number up to 400,000 troops.
Critics of the Kremlin say it sounds like the establishment of a police state, while analysts say it is just heading off potential threats to Putin’s power.
“I think it is a direct answer to the main threat to Russian security as Mr. Putin sees it,” said Golts. “This ‘threat’ is the so-called ‘Color Revolutions’-peoples’ uprisings,” he told VOA.
Elections a Crucial Test
With parliamentary elections scheduled for September and presidential elections in 2018, the Kremlin does not want to take any chances, says Golts, “No doubt they really are preparing for something that can happen during the elections or before them.”
After shady parliamentary elections in 2012 sparked massive anti-Putin demonstrations, the Kremlin reacted with a crackdown on critics, a series of repressive laws against public protest, and nationalist campaigns against alleged traitors and ‘enemies of the people.’
Russia’s March 2014 annexation of Crimea jolted Putin’s popularity at home to new highs amid a wave of nationalism.
While the tough line appears to have worked, the Russian economy is worsening with low oil prices and Western sanctions over the Kremlin’s actions in Ukraine.
Galeotti says the economic problems are eating away at Putin’s legitimacy and the elections will be a crucial test for the Kremlin. “Almost certainly, the election results are going to have to be rigged for the Kremlin to get the kind of result that it wants,” he says.
“And, we’ve seen in the past that actually that is a point at which public protest can just suddenly flare up seemingly from nowhere as people demonstrate their anger. So I imagine they want to be at least ready, just in case there is any such protest around the elections,” Galeotti said. | <urn:uuid:f4f4b9b8-c1db-4092-864b-419e6c083a78> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sofiaglobe.com/2016/04/08/analysts-putins-national-guard-meant-to-put-down-public-unrest/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.956459 | 1,089 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Sensitivity projections for hidden photons and axion-like particles in the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment
The particle nature of dark matter is one of the yet unresolved puzzles in contemporary physics. The properties of dark matter, as revealed by several types of cosmological evidence, are inconsistent with the Standard Model of particle physics and imply a new physics beyond. The multi-ton scale, low threshold LUX−ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment aims to detect prospective dark matter particles, particularly the weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), by their interactions with liquid xenon nuclei. Apart from WIMPs, LZ is also sensitive to dark matter candidates that may interact with atomic electrons, e.g. the hidden photons (HPs) and the axion-like particles (ALPs). The sensitivity of rare dark matter searches, however, is critically limited by the unavoidable detector backgrounds – the majority of which sit in the electron recoil (ER) band. An accurate modelling of ER backgrounds with a proper treatment of the atomic binding is thus crucial, particularly for the low energy ER searches. The present work addresses some of these exciting issues (e.g. the studies of solar neutrino and low energy electromagnetic backgrounds) in the context of the LZ detector and evaluates the sensitivity reach of the experiment (for 5600 kg fiducial volume and a 1000 live-day run) for HPs and ALPs in the 2 − 70 keV/c^2 mass range. | <urn:uuid:f2d8c5bc-7423-4c6d-9833-69d34ef1b670> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/37516 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.872115 | 330 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Producer/director Ondi Timoner has the rare distinction of winning the Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival twice. Her 2004 doc, Dig!, explores the star-crossed rivalry of the Dandy Warhols and the Brian Jonestown Massacre, while her 2009 top prize-winner, We Live in Public, examines privacy in the virtual age through Internet visionary Josh Harris’ social experiments. Her company A Total Disruption releases weekly short docs about thought leaders and doers who are transforming our lives through technology.
Robyn Moreno and Cristina Costantini demonstrate that Latina voices are crucial to the future of cinema. Cristina, a self-proclaimed “science nerd,” wowed us with the trailer and stories behind her Sundance award-winning documentary Science Fair. Robyn Moreno, founder of Latina Media Ventures, dropped some shocking facts, e.g., “1 in 4 movie tickets are bought by Latinas” yet “they are only represented 4% on screen.” Latinas, being the largest moviegoing population and the greatest minority in terms of storytellers, deserve better. What these women are set and determined to change is the portrayal of Latinas, creating authentic 3D representations on screen.
Photo Credit: Dell Inc.
Sponsored by Dell | <urn:uuid:9cc05f9b-162f-4f89-b80a-10c97ba06f54> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.talkhouse.com/wetalk-latinas-en-media-robyn-moreno-and-cristina-costantini/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.91949 | 271 | 1.585938 | 2 |
- Research article
- Open Access
Expertise about herbs and dietary supplements among diverse health professionals
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine volume 6, Article number: 15 (2006)
Herbs and other dietary supplements are among the most commonly used complementary medical therapies. However, clinicians generally have limited knowledge, confidence and communication about herbs and dietary supplements (HDS). We compared diverse clinicians' expertise about HDS to better target future curricula.
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of physicians, pharmacists, nurses, dietitians and trainees in these professions prior to e-curriculum about HDS in 2004–2005. The survey had 28 questions about knowledge, 19 questions about their confidence and 11 questions about their communication practices about HDS.
Of the 1,268 participants, 25% were male; the average age was 40 years. Mean scores were 66% correct for knowledge; 53/95 on the confidence scale and 2.2 out of possible 10 on the communication practices scale. On average, scores were lowest for those who used fewer HDS; and trainees and nurses compared with physicians, pharmacists and dietitians (P<0.01 for all comparisons).
Clinicians have moderate levels of knowledge and confidence, but poor communication skills about HDS. Future curricula about HDS should target nurses, students, practitioners and those not currently using HDS. Research is needed to determine the most cost-effective educational strategies for diverse health professionals.
Herbs and dietary supplements (HDS) are the most commonly used complementary or alternative medical (CAM) therapies in the US besides prayer . In national telephone surveys of US adults, the prevalence of using HDS increased from 14% in 1998–1999 to 19% in 2002; it doubled in those 65 years and older . Annual expenditures for HDS exceed $4 billion annually [2–6]. Substantial numbers of all patient groups report using HDS, particularly women and those with chronic or recurrent illnesses who also receive care by conventional health care professionals [7–15]. Despite the high prevalence of patient use, fewer than half of patients who use CAM typically discuss it with their clinician ; in part, this is because health care professionals do not consistently inquire about or record patients' use of HDS, and in part because patients do not perceive health care professionals as particularly knowledgeable about HDS [17–19].
In a previous survey, we identified substantial room for improvement in clinician knowledge, confidence and communication practices about HDS . These findings were confirmed in a study of resident trainees . Objective review of medical records bears out the poor communication practices noted in self-report surveys; for example, in a chart review of 67 patients hospitalized for asthma treatment, no charts documented use of HDS, although interviews indicated that over 40% of such patients used HDS as an asthma treatment .
Given the great need for professional education on this topic, we wished to understand differences among health professionals to better target future educational programs. Based on previous research, we had three hypotheses: 1) there would still be substantial room for improvement in knowledge, confidence and communication practices in all groups; 2) practicing clinicians would have greater confidence than trainees; and 3) higher personal use of HDS would be associated with higher scores.
We surveyed a cross sectional convenience sample of clinicians prior to their enrollment in an on-line course about HDS offered through the Northwest Area Health Education Center (NW AHEC) of Wake Forest University School of Medicine (WFUSM) and a part of the North Carolina AHEC system in Fall, 2004 and Spring, 2005. The surveys were completed prior to receiving curriculum.
Participants were eligible if they were in one of four professional groups: physicians (including physician assistants, PA), nurses (including advanced practice nurses), pharmacists or dietitians or trainees in one of these four health professions. Trainees included students, interns, residents and post-doctoral fellows in any of the four professional groups. Subjects were excluded if they reported using the internet less than twice weekly. Enrollment occurred online.
In the summer of 2004 the NW AHEC sent emails to approximately 27,000 individuals in its state-wide continuing education (CE) database informing them about the on-line curriculum. Emails were also sent to department chairs for medicine, nursing, pharmacy and nutrition at North Carolina (NC) health professions schools. Finally, invitations via email were sent to colleagues, personal contacts and professional list-serve groups by the Principal Investigator (PI). Overall, we estimate that a total of approximately 29,000 emails were sent directly by course faculty and staff advertising the curriculum. "Viral" marketing (i.e., forwarding of the original emails) also occurred but was not formally monitored. Approximately 500 flyers were also distributed at various continuing education activities.
Recruitment was similar for Spring, 2005. In addition, emails were sent to the director of South Carolina (SC) AHEC with requests to forward the emails to their distribution lists. We also sent emails to faculty at SC schools of nursing, pharmacy, nutrition, and medicine that were listed on the Internet, and asked them to forward information about the course to interested faculty and staff. Emails were also sent to the WFUSM Alumni association and listservs for the Ambulatory Pediatric Association and the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. We also sent a notice to the listserv for the 27 members of the Consortium of Academic Health Centers for Integrative Medicine (CAHCIM); two of these CACHIM-affiliated medical schools promoted the program to their students by email. Brochures were mailed to 19,000 persons on the NC AHEC health professions database and the WFUSM Continuing Medical Education (CME) database who did not have email addresses listed.
Participants registered through the NW AHEC website; their registration data, including demographic information was imported into the AHEC database. Following registration, participants completed the baseline questionnaire on-line. For the fall, 2004 curriculum, 321 were eligible and completed the baseline; for spring, 2005, 947 completed the baseline and were eligible for analysis, resulting in a total sample of 1268 eligible participants.
The survey instrument was based on the tool used in our earlier pilot study . In addition to demographic data, we asked about participants' profession, whether they were students or another type of trainee, whether they had seen any patients in the 30 days prior to the survey and about their own use of herbs and dietary supplements, providing a list of approximately 100 possible HDS. Based on the pilot study, we modified and increased the number of items for the knowledge questions, confidence and communication practice scales.
Knowledge scores were generated as percent of the knowledge questions answered correctly. The knowledge questions included items about the use and safety of commonly used herbs and dietary supplements such as green tea, St. Johns wort, ephedra, saw palmetto, ginkgo, black cohosh, folate, chromium, fish oil and glucosamine. There were 13 true-false (TF) questions and 15 MC questions. Scores could range from 0 to 100% correct.
A confidence scale score was derived from responses to 19 Likert-type questions (strongly disagree, disagree, neutral/not sure, agree, strongly agree) such as "I feel confident responding to patients' questions about HDS." [see Additional file 1] Each item was scored 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), with a minimum score of 19 and maximum of 95. The Cronbach alpha reliability statistic was 0.96 for the confidence scale.
Eleven items were used to create a communications practices scale for those who had seen patients within the past 30 days. [See Additional file 1] Nine items asked for responses in terms of 10% increments from 0 to 100% (e.g., "In the past 30 days, in what percentage of your clinical encounters have you discussed with a patient or family the use of HDS?"). Two questions were in yes-no format regarding whether in the past 30 days, they had: 1) cautioned any patient about potential hazards of HDS; and 2) discussed a question about HDS with any colleagues. These items were combined into a communications practices scale, with the first nine items scored as a proportion corresponding to the percentage chosen (0.0 to 1.0) and the two yes-no items scored as 0.5 for yes and 0 for no. The possible range of scale scores was 0 to 10. The Cronbach alpha reliability statistic was 0.84 for communications practices scale.
Descriptive statistics were generated using means and standard deviations for normally distributed data and medians for non-normally distributed data. Two way comparisons were tested by Chi-square for nominal and categorical data, using t-tests for normally distributed data and non-parametric tests such as Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal Wallis tests for non-normally distributed variables. Backward conditional multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relative importance of individual factors in terms of association with selected outcomes measures. Analyses were performed using SPSS 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).
This study was approved as "exempt" as an educational research project by the Wake Forest University School of Medicine Institutional Review Board.
Of the 1268 eligible participants, the average age was 40 years and 25% were male (Table 1). Overall, 57% of participants described themselves as being in practice or on faculty; the rest were trainees, such as students, interns, residents or post-doctoral fellows. Most participants (N = 853) reported having seen a patient in the 30 days prior to participation. Most (85%) respondents used herbs and dietary supplements (HDS) themselves, reporting a median use of four HDS daily. The most frequently used HDS were: multivitamins (64%), calcium (39%), B vitamins (33%), C vitamins (33%), green tea (26%), fish oil (26%), vitamin E (23%), flax seed (18%) and vitamin D (16%).
Participants in fall and spring semesters differed in several ways (Table 1). Spring participants were less likely to have seen a patient in the 30 days prior to enrollment (64% vs. 77%, P<0.001) and less likely to be on faculty or in practice (50% vs. 78%, P<.001) than were fall participants. Spring participants were significantly more likely to be male, to be students, and to be from outside North Carolina.
Overall, respondents answered an average of 65.8% of the knowledge test items correctly (Table 2). Scores were significantly lower for students than any professional group; nurses had lower scores than other professionals. Scores were significantly lower for those who had not seen patients in the past 30 days than for those who had; and highest for those using = 9 supplements daily. Because some of these variables were likely related, multiple regression analyses were performed (see below).
Overall, the mean score on the confidence scale was 52.5 (possible range of 19–95; Table 2). Confidence scores were significantly higher for pharmacists and dietitians than other professional groups; higher for those in practice than among trainees; higher for those who had seen patients in the past 30 days than those who had not; and higher for those who took nine or more HDS than those who took fewer.
All 11 items on the communication practices scale were answered by 852/853 participants who had seen a patient in the 30 days prior to enrollment. The mean score on this scale was 2.2, and scores were not normally distributed (possible range 0–10, with a peak at scores less than 3; Table 3). Communication practices scores were particularly low among students; scores were highest for those who used 9 or more HDS.
Multivariate regression analysis of predictors for the three outcomes scores (Table 4)
Several of demographic and professional characteristics were assessed in regression modeling for their relative impacts on knowledge and the confidence and communications scales: 1) type of health care professional (four 0, 1 variables representing the five categories); 2) gender; 3) age (three 0, 1 variables representing four categories); 4) whether they had seen patients in the past 30 days; 5) training status; 6) number of HDS used personally during a typical week; and 7) enrollment period (Fall vs. Spring). Age was divided into four categories because its association with the outcomes was not linear with increasing age.
When other demographic factors were the same, pharmacists, physicians, and dietitians answered 6.6%, 6.1% and 3.8% more of the knowledge items answered correctly than the students and nurses. The middle two age groups, having seen patients in the past 30 days, and gender also remained statistically significant. The percent correct increased by 0.46 for each herb or dietary supplement used during a typical week (e.g., an enrollee using 5 supplements would, on average, answer 2.3% more of the items correctly than an enrollee using no supplements). All P values for the final variables were =.002.
Confidence scale scores
Dietitians scored, on average 5.3 points higher, and physicians scored 3.6 points higher, than nurses, pharmacists and students. The two oldest age groups had higher scores than the two younger age groups. The confidence score were, on average, 0.46 units higher for a difference of one in the number of HDS used between two enrollees with otherwise identical demographic characteristics. Spring enrollees scored, on average, 18.3 units lower – or almost one Likert scale level lower per item – than Fall enrollees, even after controlling for other demographic and practice characteristics.
Communication scale scores
Because the Communications practices scale scores were not normally distributed, the top quartile in scores (scores greater than 3.4) was compared to the lower three quartiles. Physicians and dietitians were 2.6 and 3.2 times more likely to have scores that indicate this overall level of communications practices, or higher, than students and nurses. (Table 4) The two middle age groups (31–40 and 41–50 years old) were more likely to have upper quartile scores than those ≤30 years old. For a difference of one in number of herbs and dietary supplements used in a typical week by the enrollee, the odds ratio of being in the upper versus lower three quartiles was 1.11. A difference in use of five supplements between two individuals would yield an odds ratio of 1.7.
This is the largest study to date to examine expertise about HDS among diverse health professionals and trainees, and to assess factors associated with greater need for education. Despite the growth in review articles, continuing education programs and research on HDS available to interested clinicians, there is still substantial room for improvement in knowledge, confidence and communication practices in all professional groups, even in a highly self-selected group with high rates of using HDS. Our expectation that practitioners would be more confident than students was confirmed for physicians and dietitians. Our expectation that higher use of HDS would be associated with higher scores was also confirmed.
The high rate of personal use of HDS in our sample (85%) exceeds the rates reported in other studies of health professionals. For example, in a sample of 533 pharmacists in Minnesota, 53% reported personal use of HDS . In a survey of dietitians, 51% reportedly consumed HDS themselves . The higher rates reported in our study may be because we specifically asked about numerous commonly used vitamins and minerals as well as herbs; our respondents were also enrolling in a course to learn more about HDS. Still, we were surprised by the high median number of supplements used daily (4) in the past week. Further analyses are needed to determine factors associated with higher use of HDS among health professionals and whether higher use affects the quality of information provided to patients.
After controlling for multiple factors, knowledge scores were lowest among students and nurses, those who were not actively seeing patients, those using fewer HDS themselves and those under 31 and over 50 years old. Similar factors were associated with less confidence in communicating with patients and with poorer communication skills. Because HDS is a hot topic, we had thought that students and younger professionals might have higher scores; however, in general students and younger professionals actually had lower scores than practitioners over 30 years old. Secular trends do not easily account for the differences in knowledge scores by level of training; it is possible that clinicians acquire some education about HDS as part of practicing their profession. We were surprised that nurses as a group had lower scores on knowledge, confidence and communication practices than other professional groups. This is a new finding, and requires additional research to confirm and understand. However, students in all health professions and nurses in particular represent a prime target for curricula about HDS.
Although physicians had higher knowledge, confidence and communication practices than other professions, as a group they still had substantial room for improvement on all three outcomes, particularly for communication practices. This is consistent with previous studies. In an anonymous quiz about herbal toxicities and adverse herb-drug interactions, physicians had an average score only slightly better than that predicted by chance; better scores were not associated with age or the amount of clinical experience . In a survey of physician assistants (PAs), only 19% rated their knowledge as excellent or good; 79% rated their preparation in this topic as fair to poor; those who used herbal remedies were more likely to discuss them with patients than PA's who did not use them . In another physician survey, although 68% reportedly documented patients' use of non-prescription medications, only 47% documented herbal and other alternative treatments or reviewing these therapies before prescribing a new therapy . In a study of 200 hospitalized patients, only 21% of the HDS used by patients (as revealed by independent personal interview and inspection of home supply) was documented in the medical record . Clearly, physicians may be aware that patients are using HDS, but they are still not treating discussion about HDS in the same manner as other types of medications .
From our data, nurses were the professional group with the greatest need for education and training about HDS. In another survey, nurses were relatively unfamiliar with the most commonly used HDS, scoring an average of only 28% correct on a knowledge survey; the topic requiring the most improvement, as in our pilot study, was in terms of side effects and HDS-medication interactions [20, 29].
Because many HDS are available in pharmacies without a prescription, shoppers may easily turn to their pharmacist for information; other health care providers may view pharmacists as experts in biochemical therapies such as HDS. In one study, on average, pharmacists reported that patients ask them questions regarding HDS 7 times per 40-hour workweek; other health care practitioners ask an average of 1.3 times per week .
However, the knowledge and practices of pharmacists in our sample leave substantial room for improvement, similar to a 2001 study, in which only 2.1% of pharmacists reported training specifically about herbal therapy . The area of knowledge about potential HDS-medication interactions is particularly concerning. For example, in a 1999 investigation, undercover shoppers from Consumer Reports went to 25 pharmacies to buy the herb ginkgo biloba while waiting for a prescription to be filled for an anticoagulant medication. Shoppers held up both products and asked to speak with pharmacists about taking the medication. None of the pharmacists spontaneously cautioned against taking both ginkgo and warfarin concurrently; when asked directly, only 5/25 (20%) warned about potential dangers with this combination .
Similarly, dietitians may be seen as reliable sources of information about HDS, given the association of many HDS with dietary practices. Our results confirm a 2000 survey of 162 licensed dietitians in Oregon, in which only 10% considered themselves to be knowledgeable about HDS . As with our study, another survey found greater knowledge scores among dietitians who used HDS themselves than non-users .
This study has several strengths and limitations. The strengths are its large sample size, the sample of diverse health professionals in practice and in training, the face validity and excellent Cronbach alpha of the study instruments. The limitations of this study include that it was a highly self-selected sample surveyed during one time period. Only 25% of respondents were male, and given women's generally greater interest in complementary therapies, gender-specific self-selection issues might limit the generalizability of these findings. Data are also based on self-report rather than direct observation or medical record review.
Despite these limitations, this study offers important implications for education of health professionals and future research on clinical practice related to HDS. Clearly, clinicians of all stripes could benefit from learning more about HDS. Students appear to be a particularly ripe audience. In addition to learning about the safety, effectiveness and interactions of specific supplements, professionals require additional training to communicate with patients more consistently about these products and to document patient use and potential interactions in the medical record. Given the high prevalence of using HDS among patients and clinicians, effective educational interventions that target the unique needs of diverse professionals are urgently needed.
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Cashman LS, Burns JT, Otieno IM, Fung T: Massachusetts registered dietitians' knowledge, attitudes, opinions, personal use, and recommendations to clients about herbal supplements. J Altern Complement Med. 2003, 9 (5): 735-746. 10.1089/107555303322524580.
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/6/15/prepub
We are grateful for the invaluable technical assistance of Wes Patterson (WFUSM, Department of Academic Computing) in developing the project website and distributing and collecting participant data; to Suchi Joshi and Ananda Mitra (WFU Communications Department) for preparing the database for analysis; and to Michael Lischke, EdD and Jennifer Casey, MBA (Northwest AHEC) for their reviews of course-related publications and assistance in recruiting participants. This research was supported by NLM R01 LM07709 and the Fullerton Foundation, Gaffney, SC
The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.
KK conceived of the project, designed the survey and drafted the manuscript. PG reviewed and edited survey questions and revised the manuscript. JG marketed the project, managed enrollment and revised the manuscript. CW edited survey questions, analyzed the data and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Kemper, K.J., Gardiner, P., Gobble, J. et al. Expertise about herbs and dietary supplements among diverse health professionals. BMC Complement Altern Med 6, 15 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-6-15
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- Black Cohosh | <urn:uuid:6fc3ede7-0c23-4ed4-a9f4-85eefa0acf7d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-6-15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.937084 | 6,797 | 2.625 | 3 |
DDC Gene Variant Linked to Higher Dopamine Production, Excretion in Kidney, Altered AADC Function, Study Reports
A specific variant in the DDC gene is associated with higher dopamine excretion and production in the kidney, as well as altered function of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), according to a study.
The study, “A new common functional coding variant at the DDC gene change renal enzyme activity and modify renal dopamine function,” appeared in the journal Scientific Reports.
Impaired production of dopamine or disrupted function of its receptors in the kidney are associated with the development of high blood pressure and progression of nephropathy — or kidney disease. Dopamine production is mediated by the AADC enzyme, the deficiency of which leads to various symptoms that start in infancy.
A team from the U.S. and Japan assessed in twins and siblings whether changes in renal dopamine production and excretion are heritable by analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) — differences in a single nucleotide, the building blocks of DNA — in the DDC gene, which provides instructions for making AADC.
Findings showed that secretion and renal excretion characteristics of catecholamines — which include dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline — were markedly heritable. Elevated urinary levels of dopamine were significantly more common in women than men.
In addition, participants with higher dopamine excretion had other significant increases, such as in urine adrenaline and noradrenaline, excretion of potassium, sodium and chloride, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney function.
In contrast, increased dopamine excretion was not associated with changes in circulating catecholamines, including plasma dopamine, blood pressure, or heart rate.
Genetic testing then revealed a previously uncharacterized single variant in exon 14 of DDC associated with greater dopamine excretion and production, as well as higher excretion of albumin — a sign of kidney disease — and increased binding of renal tubules to sodium and lithium in healthy individuals. For reference, exons are the DNA bits that contain the information to generate proteins.
Further characterization of this gene variant — known as Arg462Gln, which means that an arginine amino acid is replaced by glutamine at position 462 — revealed that, in comparison with the normal gene copy, the altered gene led to lower enzyme levels and showed lower maximal rate of AADC formation.
“These findings augment our understanding of the kidney dopaminergic system, and shed new light on the link between [dopamine] production and renal dysfunction,” the scientists wrote. | <urn:uuid:966d1bf5-cca4-42bd-a9e9-cd5b14242a55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aadcnews.com/news/ddc-gene-variant-higher-dopamine-production-excretion-kidney-study/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.929246 | 555 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Amaranth is one of the famed Lord Shiva shrines that our country has. It is perched at a lofty elevation of 12, 756 ft on the Kashmir Himalayas. Lord Shiva also known as Amarnath Ji is enshrined in the cave shrine of Amarnath as an unique ice stalagmite that increases in size during the months between May and August and thereafter wanes in a gradual manner.
- Jammu city sightseeing and trying out jammu cuisines
- Srinagar sightseeing and traditional souvenir shopping
- Scenic pahalgam sightseeing
- Scenic and holy amarnath yatra
- Visit to the local beautiful gardens in Jammu
Day 1 :Arrive Jammu & Sightseeing
Upon your arrival at Jammu railway station, our tour representative will greet you warmly and escort you to your pre-booked hotel. Check-in, freshen up and later proceed to explore Jammu which is the largest city of this northern Indian state. The city was founded in the 14th century BC by King Jambu Lochan and till continues to be the winter capital of the state. The city is dotted with many ancient temples and is known enough for its lip-smacking cuisine. The city has as its backdrop, the snowy Pir Panjal Mountain Ranges. The places we visit during the Jammu city tour are Amar Mahal Museum, Dargah Garib Shah, Ranbireshwar temple, Mahamaya temple, Bagh-e-Bahu, Purmandal, Dogra art museum, Amar Mahal Museum, Raghunath temple and Bahu Fort. We return to hotel at the end of the Jammu city tour for dinner and night stay.
Day 2 :Jammu – Srinagar & Sightseeing
Next morning we travel to Srinagar; the capital city of the state located at a higher elevation when compared to Jammu. It takes us approximately 9hrs to reach Srinagar; a place of magnificent natural beauty located amid the Kashmir Valley and along the banks of River Jhelum. The Dal lake, the admirable Kashmiri handicrafts, the dry fruits and saffron, the houseboats, mesmerizing landscape of Mughal Gardens, the marvelous waterfronts are the chief highlights of Srinagar defining this beautiful city ideally. After arriving there, check-in and freshen up yourself for exploring this beautiful city visiting places like Shalimar Bagh, Nishat Bagh and Hazrat Bal mosque. At the end of the local tour of Srinagar, we return to hotel for dinner & night stay.
Day 3 :Srinagar – Pahalgam & Sightseeing
After check-out we will proceed to visit the famous Shankaracharya temple of Srinagar and later head for Pahalgam; another scenic hill town of Kashmir located amid Lidder Valley and along River Lidder. Upon arrival you will check-in and then get ready for today’s sightseeing tour of Pahalgam visiting places like Mamleshwar Temple, Avantipur Temple, Pahalgam golf course and Aru Valley. At the end of the tour, we return to hotel for dinner and night stay.
Day 4 :Amarnath Helicopter Yatra & Night Stay @ Pahalgam
Next morning you are driven to the Pahalgam Helipad. After finishing off with the security check process, you’ll have to show your helicopter ticket to the concerned authorities after which you’ll be given the boarding pass. Soon we board the Helicopter that flies us to the Panchtarni Helipad. From Panchtarni we need to undertake a 6 kms long trek to the holy cave shrine. It takes about 2hrs to reach the holy cave from Panchtarni by trekking. On reaching the cave we take a ritual bath in the holy Amarnath stream that flows along the cave’s side. After paying our tribute at Amarnath (ice Lingam of the Lord) it’s a time to trek back to Panchtarni. After darshan, we will fly back to Pahalgam where after check-in at your pre-booked hotel. Take a healthy dinner and relax yourself for the next morning.
Day 5 :Pahalgam – Srinagar – Jammu & Departure
Next morning we drive back to Srinagar and then back to Jammu. On reaching Jammu you’ll be dropped at Jammu railway station from where you will proceed towards your onward journey. We hope you to be filled up with a lot of spiritual experiences to be cherished lifelong.
- Guided sightseeing tour
- Pick up and drop off service
- Meals as per itinerary
- Accommodation as per itinerary
- Driver allowance, parking charges, fuel price
- Any expense of personal nature
- Extra charges in case of an emergency
- Shopping, laundry, tipping, portage
- Monument entrance fees, camera charges
- Anything not in the inclusions section
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q.Suggest some must try traditional jammu cuisines.
A. Must try traditional jammu cuisines include: dum aloo, yakhni pulao, lotus root curry, goshtaba, kashmiri naan, tabak maaz etc.
Q.What are the must visit places in Srinagar?
A. Must visit places in Srinagar are: Dal lake, Tulip garden, yousmarg, nigeen lake, shankaracharya hill etc.
Q.Which is the best time to visit Pahalgam?
A. The best time to visit Pahalgam are: July to october.
Q.How can i prepare for Amarnath yatra?
A. Start working out a month prior everyday for half an hour, carry important medication, focus on nutritious diet, complete the registration process and carry a medicine kit.
Q.Which is the largest garden in Jammu?
A. The largest garden is shalimar bagh which is located on the banks of Dal lake. | <urn:uuid:9fd4b4ed-c5fd-4b65-8993-4a1773e64d0f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.atlastravel.in/amarnath-helicopter-with-pahalgam-srinagar-tour/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.906522 | 1,321 | 1.796875 | 2 |
“In a dark season of pestilence, COVID has reduced to tatters the illusion of American exceptionalism. At the height of the crisis, with more than 2,000 dying each day, Americans found themselves members of a failed state, ruled by a dysfunctional and incompetent government largely responsible for death rates that added a tragic coda to America’s claim to supremacy in the world.”
That’s Wade Davis in an op-ed titled “The Unraveling of America” in Rolling Stone magazine published Aug. 6 that paints a grim picture of the current state of the U.S.
Wade Davis is an anthropologist at the University of British Columbia and his post in Rolling Stone has racked up millions of page views since its publication earlier this month. For some readers it drew comparisons with an article written by Matt Taibbi in 2010 titled the “The Great American Bubble Machine” centered on Goldman Sachs as a “vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity.”
In Davis’s article, he suggests that the days of U.S. dominance may be undone by the COVID-19 pandemic that has infected nearly 5.5 million Americans, or more than a quarter of the 21 million global total, thus far, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.
The critique from the U.S.’s sister country to the north may be a hard pill for some to swallow, as Davis says that America’s obsession with individual rights and liberty at the expense of community has been a key point of weakness for the nation.
“More than any other country, the United States in the post-war era lionized the individual at the expense of community and family,” he wrote. “What was gained in terms of mobility and personal freedom came at the expense of common purpose. “
In a CBC article Davis said that he isn’t taking cheap shots at the U.S., which is an ally and trading partner with Canada, but he believes his essay was an attempt to encourage widespread introspection.
“I think of it like a family when you have to do an intervention. The first step is to hold a mirror to the face of the individual to let them know what has become of themselves. That’s the first step on the path to rehabilitation,” Davis was quoted as saying by the CBC.
Davis isn’t the only one questioning the outlook for the global superpower.
Earlier this summer, Stephen Roach, Yale University senior fellow and former Morgan Stanley Asia chairman, warned that the U.S. dollar DXY, -0.57% may face a challenge to its place as the reserve currency of the world.
The prominent economist told MarketWatch in an interview that the dollar’s decline could occur at “warp speed” and that the era of U.S. hegemony may be coming to an end, citing increases in the nation’s fiscal deficit and dwindling savings.
To be sure, the list of those who have inaccurately written about the demise of the U.S. and its leadership place in the world is lengthy.
Like Davis, Roach said that responses to his article were very visceral.
Davis says his criticism has less to do with the dominance of the U.S. currency or with the nation’s leadership in the White House, but he points out that growing disparities between haves and have-nots may be the nation’s undoing.
“At the root of this transformation and decline lies an ever-widening chasm between Americans who have and those who have little or nothing,” Davis wrote. “The elite one percent of Americans control $30 trillion of assets, while the bottom half have more debt than assets.”
“Economic disparities exist in all nations, creating a tension that can be as disruptive as the inequities are unjust,” he continued.
However, “What every prosperous and successful democracy deems to be fundamental rights — universal health care, equal access to quality public education, a social safety net for the weak, elderly, and infirmed — America dismisses as socialist indulgences, as if so many signs of weakness.”
His warning comes as the S&P 500 stock index carves out its first record since Feb. 19, marking an unofficial end to a bear market that gripped the benchmark SPX, +0.23% and the broader market, including the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -0.24% and the Nasdaq Composite Index COMP, +0.72%.
However, those new highs for the broad-market stock benchmark may only highlight the fact that the U.S. economy, and the economy for much of the developed world, remains in tatters amid the COVID-19 pandemic. | <urn:uuid:bef15494-e18f-44a8-a11d-59323afbff8c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mainstreetalerts.com/2020/08/18/key-words-covid-has-reduced-to-tatters-the-illusion-of-american-exceptionalism-anthropologist-writes-in-rolling-stone-op-ed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962594 | 1,011 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Symptoms of Mental Health Conditions and Suicidal Ideation Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Workers — United States, March 14–25, 2022
A 2022 survey of U.S. public health workers suggests the need for organizational changes to support worker mental health and reduce stress and burnout.
Pandemic-Related Workplace Violence and Its Impact on Public Health Officials, March 2020‒January 2021
JHU researchers documented harassment, threats, and departures of public health officials from March 2020 to January 2021. Read the article and associated media mentions here.
This brief discusses results from the PH WINS 2021 survey of the U.S. public health workforce that revealed high levels of stress, burnout and intent to leave.
This commentary by Michael R. Fraser, ASTHO Executive Director, highlights the threat that harassment of health officials poses to public health.
This legislative overview spotlights 2022 legislative trends related to the public health workforce.
Explore existing legal protections to protect public health officials from technology-related harassment.
50 State Survey: Threats and Interfering with Government Operations – Legal Protections for Public Health Officials
Explore existing legal protections to protect public health officials from threats and interference with government operations. | <urn:uuid:ccdbb9f9-4681-4b57-87be-f20810848c71> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://standwithpublichealth.jhsph.edu/resources/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.905571 | 254 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Charges of spousal abuse dogged the hamburger mogul
Critics have also cited the corporation's treatment of both its mid-level managers and store employees during Puzder's tenure as CEO.
During Puzder's tenure as CEO, Carl's Jr. and Hardee's have faced more federal employment discrimination suits than any other major U.S. hamburger chain.
If confirmed, the fast-food executive is expected to oppose minimum wage increases and regulations aimed at worker safety.
Salaried workers making up to $47,476 annually must receive overtime for hours past 40 per week; prior salary cutoff was $23,660.
The unemployment rate fell two-tenths of a percentage, the lowest since April 2008. | <urn:uuid:a1861e46-b60d-4fd9-8649-f1b949fd3959> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newsweek.com/topic/department-labor?page=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974721 | 151 | 1.5 | 2 |
2016 UMO Problems/Problem 5
Let be a sequence of integers (positive, negative, or zero) such that for all nonnegative integers and , . Find all possible sequences .
We can factor the equation as . Substituting in , we find that either or for all integers . If is a prime such that , then by repeatedly applying or , we find that divides for all integers . Substituting and into (1) we notice that the LHS is divisible by , and the RHS is equal to ; hence , which is a contradiction. Thus is never divisible by any prime for any , so . In particular, for all integers , and is constant either 1 or -1. Substituting either of these sequences into (1) shows that both are valid solutions.
|2016 UMO (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)|
|1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6|
|All UMO Problems and Solutions| | <urn:uuid:1570c142-3099-4ad7-b87e-cbbca3d61d6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/2016_UMO_Problems/Problem_5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.845653 | 232 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Any mom who reads to her children knows that you wouldn't start a storybook right in the middle! If you skipped the first half, your kids would miss important aspects of the plot and the character development. Instead, you would start at the very beginning and view all of the parts as a whole. But for some reason, when it comes to the bible, we often toss that concept aside and go straight for the easier-to-understand New Testament books. In this episode, Emily and Laura make a case for the Old Testament, citing eight reasons why it really matters! Processing the entire bible in light of the cross is critical for mom (and her kiddos) to rightly understand God's epic redemption story.
Articles & Resources:
*Affiliate links used where appropriate. Thanks for supporting this ministry! | <urn:uuid:4033679f-dff2-472b-8338-f22e7a65bc59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://risenmotherhood.libsyn.com/podcast/eight-reasons-moms-should-love-the-old-testament-ep-67 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944902 | 171 | 1.71875 | 2 |
I’m just about finished with this book, and I’ve found it very interesting. Laudan approaches the legal process with strictly epistemological interests, asking whether it’s a good system if what we’re after is convicting bad guys and not convicting good guys. On the whole the answer is “no,” so he engages in some speculation about how we might make the process better at tracking the truth.
He knows, of course, that no system will be perfect. So one interesting question he raises is this: what degree of imperfection are we willing to tolerate? Clearly most of us would rather see some guilty people go free than see innocent people convicted — but how many? What’s the ratio? How many murderers or rapists are we willing to see go unpunished for every innocent person wrongly convicted? Let n represent this number. Previous legal theorists have suggested that n equals 5, 10, 100, and 1,000. Laudan seems to settle on 10, though probably just for the sake of making ensuing discussions a bit clearer and more definite. (I suppose experimental philosophy could try to settle this question.)
Laudan also explores what anyone could possibly mean by “beyond a reasonable doubt.” This is an important matter, as judges have to say something to jurors about what this means, and if they get it wrong, a case can be overturned. So what does it mean? Laudan claims that it’s usually understood subjectively: it’s when you feel very, very strongly that that defendant is guilty. But he rightly notes that this is not the sort of standard we’d accept anywhere else. Do we tell our scientists to regard a theory as proven when they feel really very sure about it, or disproven when they don’t? Instead, Laudan writes,
The principal question is not whether the jurors, individually and collecively, are convinced by the prosecution. The issue is whether the evidence they have seen and heard should be convincing in terms of the level of support it offers to the prosecutor’s hypothesis that the defendant is guilty.
So it looks like jurors ought to have some schooling in philosophy of science. That’s the only objection I have to Laudan’s recommendation: if only a jury of my peers could be relied upon to make that assessment!
The second half of Laudan’s book argues that the rules of what evidence can be presented slant courts too steeply in favor of defendants. That is, defendants already begin with some sort of presumption that they are innocent (lengthy and intriguing discussion about what this could mean, too), and it’s up to the prosecution to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty. Laudan basically thinks this is enough of a presumption of innocence. But the rules of evidence preclude the prosecution from bringing in a lot of relevant evidence, relevant for finding the truth of the case, if there is any reasonable doubt (there it is again) about how the evidence has been obtained. Laudan thinks this grotesquely exaggerates the presumption of innocence and makes for far too many false acquittals (i.e., letting the guilty go free). Of course, he wouldn’t argue that the prosecution should be allowed to present anything, however gathered; his claim is only that the existent rules make it too hard to present evidence that really would help the courts to track truth better.
I’m certainly unlearned about all of this, but my first reaction is that I’m leery of relaxing rules of evidence, if only because I don’t see any reason to believe that the police and prosecutors have any interest in getting to the truth as opposed to getting a conviction. There’s no incentive for them to get to the truth. In that context, a defendant needs very strong protection indeed against a very capable and sometimes ruthless team working very hard to put him in jail. Hey, I just want a fair fight.
In any case, I’m finding this a very interesting read. | <urn:uuid:03cd2940-6cd8-4dcb-ac17-fae760684877> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://huenemanniac.com/2010/08/31/laudan-truth-error-and-criminal-law/?like_comment=1277&_wpnonce=5573c41dcf | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.963232 | 855 | 2 | 2 |
Press release – New professional standards for Forest School Trainers
For Release: 3rd January 2018
The inspirational process of Forest School has been developing over the past twenty years in the UK, but there has been concern about the variable quality of some Forest School Training. As a response to this the Forest School Association has spent five years developing the first set of nationally recognised professional standards for those delivering Forest School Training. The Forest School Association is the professional body setting professional standards and managing a new Quality Assurance (QA) Scheme for Forest School Trainers.
The Quality Assurance Scheme has been officially launched in consultation with the Forest School Training community (over 50 members of the GB Forest School Trainers Network). It was piloted during 2017, resulting in 3 Trainers gaining FSA Registration and a further 5 going on to gain full FSA Endorsement. These Trainers appear on our publicly accessible online map. https://forestschoolassociation.org/find-a-forest-school-trainer/ The FSA has already started to receive new applications.
People wishing to identify quality Forest School training provision will be able to consult the map and database of FSA Registered and Endorsed Trainers. We anticipate that decision-makers such as Local Authority Advisors and OFSTED will use the scheme as a way of signposting to provision that meets national standards. Through the scheme the FSA are endorsing that trainers are providing quality Forest School Training in line with the ‘six core Forest School principles’ and that they are following a quality training process. These Trainers may be recognised by their FSA Endorsement.
Sarah Lawfull, an FSA Endorsed Forest School Trainer from Oxfordshire says, “I have relished being part of the pilot Quality Assurance process which has helped me identify areas of strengths and weakness in my own practice. I have gained confidence and been supported through the whole process by the FSA, ensuring I have everything in place to be able to offer high quality training. Endorsed status has already enhanced my reputation with head teachers, giving potential partners and clients confidence in the quality of training I am offering.”
Gareth Wyn Davies, Chief Exec of the Forest School Association says “People in the sector have been crying out for some professional standards relating to trainers for years now and we are thrilled to be at the point where we are launching this rigorous scheme. The scheme will enable people looking to train as a Forest School Leader to select their trainer with confidence.”
Notes to Editors:
The FSA website: www.forestschoolassociation.org
The Forest School Association is the professional body and UK wide voice for Forest School, promoting best practice, cohesion and ‘quality Forest School for all‘. Its charitable purpose is “the advancement of education for public benefit through promotion and support of quality Forest School in the United Kingdom using any means to enable all children, young people and adults to benefit from increased opportunities for high quality and varied educational experiences in the natural world.”
An inspirational process, Forest School offers ALL learners regular opportunities to achieve and develop confidence and self-esteem through hands-on learning experiences in a woodland or natural environment with trees. It’s a specialised learning approach that sits within, and complements, the wider context of outdoor and woodland education.
The six Forest School principles are:
- FS is a long-term process of regular sessions
- FS takes place in a woodland or natural environment
- FS uses a range of learner-centred processes
- FS aims to promote the holistic development of all those involved
- FS offers learners the opportunity to take supported and appropriate risks
- FS is run by qualified Forest School practitioners
Details on how to join the Trainers Quality Assurance scheme and its benefits can be found here https://forestschoolassociation.org/membership-options-page/
Gareth Wyn Davies
CEO Forest School Association | <urn:uuid:ab4f636f-c3be-4ea8-93a1-dc8f73252b00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forestschoolassociation.org/press-release-new-professional-standards-forest-school-trainers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949795 | 818 | 1.570313 | 2 |
The following animation is based on an illustration in Jan Olbrecht's book, The Science of Winning. It shows the position of the lactate curve shifting as the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of a swimmer get stronger or weaker. An explanation of how the two systems interact to affect the lactate curve is after the animation. These curves are not meant to represent any specific level of capacity but range from very low to very high values of each compacity. As the capacities increase or decrease the curve changes. This is one of the main objectives of training, increasing or decreasing these capacities.
These lactate curves are based on a two speed 400 m swim test. Jan Olbrecht has conducted over 10,000 such tests on various levels of swimmers and needs only two swims to determine the shape and position of the lactate curve. Often only one test is needed if it is done at the right intensity and right distance.
This illustration is for swimming but the same effect happens in the muscles for every type of physical endeavor. The lactate curve for running, cycling, rowing, speed skating, cross country skiing or any other activity/sport will respond in the same way to changes in these capacities.
The above model indicates that there are two aspects of your basic energy metabolism that affect the lactate curve, namely
Thus, changes in either will affect the lactate threshold. And both of these capacities can be trained.
Importance of aerobic capacity - We make the comment at various places on this site that there is never enough aerobic capacity or VO2 max. We have not found any athletic situation where a lower VO2 max is an advantage. Thus, training to raise it is always an objective. We add this one very important caveat: sometimes training to raise VO2 max takes away from training that is more important for the athlete and some training to raise VO2 max can affect other aspects of optimal performance negatively. For example,
Importance of anaerobic capacity - Anaerobic capacity does not act the same way as aerobic capacity and because it is difficult to measure, little is understood about its specific effects. Just how does anaerobic capacity affect an event.That is what the anaimation above is meant to show. Here is a diagram.
Let's take a 1500 m runner in the example below. His aerobic capacity was 79.6 ml/kg/min at max during the time period measured and his best time 3:32.4. How could he become faster? From the above model, he could raise his aerobic capacity and that would definitely make him faster but it is already pretty high so that might be difficult. Not shown in the above diagram is economy of motion and if he could improve that he would also become faster. And these are the two ways that most coaches emphasize for improving their athletes.
VO2 max varied from a low of 4.8 l/min to a high of 5.6 l/min in a 18 month period which is a 16.7% improvement, hardly a trivial change. Within the first year, the change went from 4.8 l/min to 5.16 l/min. Using ml/kg/min the low was 70.5 ml/kg/min and the high was 79.6 ml/kg/min. Performance changed substantially as the runner's best time in the 1500 m race went from 3:38.9 to 3:32.4 min:s from the beginning of year 1 to the end of year 2 (3:32.94 was the winning time at the Beijing Olympics in 2008.)
So training to raise VO2 max is very rewarding. This study has several interesting aspects and will be referred to at other parts of this web site.
As the athlete's VO2 max goes up or down the lactate threshold will do the same. In the above study, the velocity at the lactate threshold went from 16 km/hr to 18 km/hr over the two year period, a 12.5% improvement. These corresponded to increases in VO2 max. So improvements in VO2 max will also affect the threshold positively.
This was later published in a journal. Here is the cite.Ingham, S. A., et al. (2012). "Training distribution, physiological profile, and performance for a male international 1500-m runner." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 7(2): 193-195.
But there is a third way which might be fruitful. We do not know if the runner's anaerobic capacity is optimal for the 1500 m race. Suppose it was not and suppose it was too high. Then workouts that lowered the anaerobic capacity would make this runner faster at 1500 m. If the anaerobic capacity was too low, then workouts that raised the anaerobic capacity would make the runner faster at 1500 m. Notice we said it would make him faster at 1500 m. By changing the anaerobic capacity the runner would be less effective at other distances. If the anaerobic capacity was lowered, less speed would be available and the runner would be less effective at shorter distances. By raising the anaerobic capacity the runner would be less effective at longer distances. The two energy systems have to be balanced for the specific race. This is a topic that is not understood very well and there is little if anything about it in any training literature.
Similarly a swimmer who is extremely good at 50 m and 100 m may not be best at 200 m and rarely is a good 400 m swimmer. But by lowering the anaerobic capacity of the swimmer, which must be very high for short sprints such as 50 m, the swimmer may become an extremely good 200 m swimmer but no longer will be as good at 50 m.
One last comments on this here.
We are working on changes to this animation to make it more useful and instructive. If anyone has suggestions, send us an email: info at lactate dot com | <urn:uuid:9ea02f99-6d5f-4a46-a204-6cdf8565fdb6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lactate.com/aerobic_anaerobic_animation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962355 | 1,226 | 3.15625 | 3 |
How can you reduce noise when living on a busy street?
- Use your exterior walls. Nothing absorbs noise like a fat wall of books.
- Get thick curtains. Heavy curtains can also help dampen sound.
- White noise. I find that a fan or a white noise machine helps a lot.
- Reinforce the windows.
- Trust time to fix it.
How do you get rid of street noise?
- Install soundproof curtains and drapes.
- Try using window weatherstrips.
- Buy acoustic, thermal insulated windows.
- Door sweeps.
- Install soundproof door weatherstrip kit.
- Use blankets to cover the doors.
- Treat your door acoustically.
- Use mass loaded vinyl.
How do you drown out road noise in a bedroom? Hang heavy curtains or drapes on windows (you could even try hanging heavy material on an adjoining wall to soak up some sound if nothing else works). Roll up a towel or other material and place it at the bottom of the bedroom door. You can also hang towels on windows if you don’t have curtains at the time.
How do I stop highway noise in my house?
- Add mass to walls.
- Build window plugs.
- Build a fence.
- Plant some trees.
- Install a water feature. | <urn:uuid:ffc87563-a965-4618-9880-ac864d86d1dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theinteriorevolution.com/how-can-you-reduce-noise-when-living-on-a-busy-street/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.730336 | 286 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Insulin is a steroid hormone, but it’s not the only one. There are a few more.
The science of hormones can be very complex, and researchers are still trying to understand how exactly they work.
By now, you’re aware of the essential functions of steroids like testosterone and insulin — they both play important roles in the body. That said, some other hormones don’t get nearly as much attention because their functions are less well understood or aren’t as prevalent in our ecosystems as steroids and sugars at the cellular level.
In humans, insulin is by far the most well-studied steroid hormone. Insulin is so necessary that when we discuss its function in humans, most articles consistently use the term “insulin” instead of the words “insulin-like growth factor-1” or “INSIGESTIN®.” INSIGESTIN® is a trademark for an oral product for treating diabetes mellitus (hypoglycemia).
Insulin does not just regulate blood sugar levels; it also has an essential role in regulating sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen), growth factors (platelet-derived growth factor), and several other hormones in regulating metabolism and fertility. Aside from these categories, insulin has modulated immune function by encouraging macrophages to destroy tumors.
2. What is insulin?
Insulin is a hormone that holds the body’s blood sugar tiers. Our body needs to have proper blood sugar levels. If your blood sugar types are down, then you can get sick. And if you obtain ill, your body will keep building more insulin to help your body produce insulin to get rid of the extra glucose (sugar) in your blood.
If you want to control diabetes, then you should learn about this hormone because it helps prevent your blood sugar levels from reaching too tall or too quiet. It’s like a thermostat that controls all of us, and we need to understand how it works to do something about it.
3. What are steroid hormones?
What are steroid hormones?
In the body, there exist several sorts of hormones. The most important ones include insulin and steroids. Insulin is a hormone built by the pancreas. Insulin is essential for glucose metabolism in the body and growth and development in children and adults. One of insulin’s primary functions is to transport glucose into cells via a process called exocytosis.
The two types of insulin are named according to their location in the body. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is produced in the liver and is an essential precursor for thyroid hormone production; other members of this family include IGF2 and IGF3, which are found in muscle, adipose tissue, and the brain, respectively.
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is produced by pancreatic beta cells in response to glucose injection from blood vessels into muscle or fat cells. It plays an important position in cell expansion, differentiation, and survival. In addition, it can stimulate muscle hypertrophy.
4. The link between insulin and steroid hormones
The steroid hormone is a peptide hormone that regulates the rate of protein synthesis in the body. The term “steroid” refers to a molecule that contains one or more carbon atoms, usually connected by a ring.
Insulin is a peptide hormone (a chain of amino acids) produced primarily in the pancreas and is essential in regulating protein metabolism. Insulin is an insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) and acts like IGF-1; it works on muscle cells to stimulate protein synthesis and on fat cells to inhibit it. Using insulin as a growth factor has increased muscle mass, which could be helpful for athletes or bodybuilders looking for increased muscle size for aesthetic reasons.
5. How does insulin affect steroid hormones?
Insulin is a hormone constructed by the pancreas, a small organ in the abdomen. It’s essential to recognize that not everyone keeps insulin and that making insulin isn’t about trying to make yourself big and robust. The name comes from the Greek words “to pour money into” or “to feed the body.”
Insulin works by binding with receptors on cell membranes, which can cause them to swell, causing them to absorb more glucose from food and less water. This is called insulin secretion (insulin release), which is mediated by a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone. An area of your brain produces GLP-1 called the hypothalamus, which plays a vital role in regulating appetite and metabolism in your body.
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 has been shown to inhibit insulin production and other growth factors that stimulate muscle growth. Some people have too many GLP-1 receptors or receive too much exposure to hormones through diet or exercise. They may be at risk of developing conditions such as type II diabetes which results from excess GLP-1 receptor activity.
6. The implications of this link
People have been trying to solve this question for ages. The answer is probably not a simple “no” or “yes,” but more of a “maybe.”
This is a pretty open-ended question, as everyone has their take on the subject.
The first time I looked into the topic was back in 2013, based on my own biased opinion of insulin injections. While I still think that people who are injected with insulin regularly should get it only after their weight loss has been proven, I now understand that there are other factors at play when it comes to insulin and weight gain.
So let’s start with the basics: insulin is a hormone produced by your pancreas. It acts upon the body’s cells to help them utilize glucose (sugar) as fuel instead of fat. If you are heavy or obese, you may include too much insulin circulating in your bloodstream and produce too much glucose (or sugar) in your cells. If this happens, your body will burn fats instead as an energy source and store them as body fat:
Now, we all know that eating healthy foods every day and exercising for at least 3 hours each day can help us lose weight effortlessly; however, if we keep doing so, eventually, the excess fat will be stored in our bodies, and our metabolism slows down dramatically:
When we eat healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables daily and exercise daily for three hours or more each day, we can prevent our metabolism from slowing down; however, when we eat fast food every day or have high-calorie drinks like soda every night without exercising for three hours daily… our metabolism will slow down again over time because of the excess fat stored in our bodies.
Dr. Oz says, “if you want to lose weight fast without doing any exercise whatsoever at all…you need to eat lots of calories every day.” So basically, you need to consume more food than you burn off…it’s just math! The solution? Just drink tons of water! Obviously! And consuming nutritious feasts like fruits and vegetables every day won’t help us burn calories faster…we need to do something different besides eating healthy foods every day; otherwise, what’s the point? We already know that burning calories isn’t always about eating more nutritious foods…so what exactly is it?
The truth is that insulin exists in a lot of different forms. There are three primary forms of insulin, and they’re all different. The first form is called insulins. Insulin is the hormone that controls the uptake and warehouse of glucose in the cells. It helps regulate blood sugar levels, which are necessary for various functions in our bodies, such as energy production and cell growth.
The second form of insulin is called somatropin. Somatropin, another name for somatropin-releasing hormone (SRH), is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland located near the base of your brain. SRH stimulates insulin release from our pancreas, which allows us to process glucose more efficiently into energy than we do without it.
The third form of insulin is synthetic insulin or recombinant human insulin (r-insulin). Drs created r-insulin.
Fartman and Abrahamsen at University College London, England, in 1976 and was licensed for use in Europe in 1990. This form has also been used for several years in other parts of the world, such as Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Canada, to treat diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2; however, it does not have any benefits over regular insulin when compared to DM treatment or surgery about glycemic control or improving survival rates about heart disease-related complications. | <urn:uuid:e0fc516b-00c2-4c9a-a4e5-1062f2717b1b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://keyofdestiny.org/is-insulin-a-steroid-hormone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949987 | 1,833 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Over the last century, Minnesota’s “Iron Range” has produced billions of tons of iron ore, as well as its less pure counterpart taconite, both key ingredients for US steel manufacturing. Iron mining successfully bolsters the state economy and supports a large, unionized labor force.
Now, as the profitability of Minnesota iron is squeezed by a global oversupply and international competition, the state is looking into sulfide mining as a potential investment for the future. Thousands of critics, however, have registered concerns about the potential environmental impact of the proposed mines. Sulfide mines are notorious for producing highly toxic contaminants that easily leach into waterways.
Sulfide mining separates metals like gold, platinum, copper and nickel from ores containing sulfur. The minerals are used primarily to create wiring and electronics for everything from power plants to cellphones.
Minnesota has some of the largest deposits of copper and nickel in the world, according to Mining Minnesota, an advocacy group made up of lobbyists and industry leaders dedicated to promoting precious metal mining. The group is pushing hard for sulfide mining in Minnesota. Its website states: “Minnesota has a history of getting things right. Responsible copper and nickel mining is next on our list.”
But Al Gedicks, environmental sociologist at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse, is not convinced that sulfide mining is a responsible economic decision for the state. “There is no demand for either copper or nickel or any of the other metals that would be extracted from the [Minnesota] deposit,” Gedicks told Truthout. In the past five years, both copper and nickel prices have dropped dramatically.
Bruce Richard, vice president of corporate communications and external affairs for PolyMet Mining Corporation, says proposed mines would still meet an international need. He wrote in an email to Truthout, “Worldwide inventories at the current time are not in balance with demand, but that’s the cyclical nature of the industry, where supply and demand ebbs and flows. Overall, demand for copper continues to grow worldwide.”
PolyMet Mining Corporation is set to build the first sulfide mine in northern Minnesota. The proposed mine, known as NorthMet mine, will span three open pits. A refurbished iron processing plant will perform new techniques that allow the extraction of copper and nickel from Minnesota’s low-quality deposits.
While the Canadian-based PolyMet Corporation is new to mining, 33.8 percent of the company’s voting rights are owned by Swiss commodity trading giant Glencore International, which has a long history in the international mining industry. In recent years, the Fortune 500 company has been criticized for unethical practices while promoting its interests around the globe.
Despite state tradition and economic incentive, 58,000 people raised concerns over the proposed mining project.
Traditionally, Minnesotans are pro-mining. Mining in northern Minnesota provides jobs to thousands of union workers at an average annual salary of $100,000, according to the Iron Mining Association of Minnesota. A percentage of taxes levied on iron mining goes toward public schools and universities. Even some of Minnesota’s conservation projects are funded by tax revenue from iron mining. Recent layoffs in the iron mines have devastated towns in northern Minnesota.
Despite state tradition, economic incentive and an unstable job climate, 58,000 people raised concerns over the proposed NorthMet mining project during the 90-day public comment period on the 2013 environmental impact statement.
The environmental group, Friends of the Boundary Waters, argues on its website that sulfide mining in the Iron Range will cause local lakes and rivers to become polluted. St. Louis County, where NorthMet mine will be located, is home to major tourist attractions and wilderness reserves, including Superior National Forest, Lake Superior and the Boundary Waters Canoe Area.
In its final environmental impact statement, PolyMet predicted that NorthMet’s containment system would “achieve complete capture of groundwater” close to the surface. This water will be treated and discharged, eventually flowing into Lake Superior. Their model shows the mine will meet state water quality standards.
However, a study of 25 sulfide mines by environmental consulting groups Kuipers & Associates and Buka Environmental found that 60 percent of sulfide mines exceeded state water quality standards, and in only 4 percent of project plans was water quality impact correctly predicted.
Tom Myers, an independent consultant with a Ph.D. in hydrology from the University of Nevada, prepared a report for the Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy that claims “the analyses of the [NorthMet] containment system rely on grossly optimistic assumptions.”
In general, sulfide mining is more environmentally risky than iron mining. The process produces significant quantities of both sulfates and mercury, which, when combined, create the highly toxic substance methylmercury. This mercury accumulates to toxic levels as it moves up through the food chain, eventually posing a direct threat to humans. Past mercury contamination has led to fishing bans throughout Minnesota.
The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness has been protected since 1978 and attracts 250,000 tourists annually, many of whom are avid fishermen. While the Boundary Waters is in a different watershed than the NorthMet mine, Myers predicted that other mining activities in the area could cause contaminants from NorthMet to bridge the divide between watersheds and flow north toward the Boundary Waters.
PolyMet pledged its commitment for the protected areas in its “Water Quality Fact Sheet,” which takes special note of the concerns over possible contamination of the Boundary Waters. It states: “The PolyMet project is in the Lake Superior watershed so none of the treated water that will be discharged from the site will ever enter the Boundary Water Canoe Area Wilderness lakes or streams. PolyMet’s commitment to protecting water quality and complying with all applicable water quality standards remains steadfast regardless of the watershed.”
The Downstream Business Coalition, a group of 69 local businesses considered to be “pro-responsible mining,” opposes the NorthMet mine on environmental and economic grounds. In an open letter to Minnesota Gov. Mark Dayton, the group stated: “We believe the risk to the environment poses a long-term threat to the regional economy that far outweighs the short-term benefits.”
PolyMet’s project proposal assumes that the mine will create 360 jobs directly and 600 more indirectly – a total of 960 possible jobs. According to an independent study done by the University of Minnesota Duluth Labovitz School of Business and Economics, mining output, or sales, will generate around $515 million annually.
In contrast, tourism in St. Louis County alone generates a half billion dollars in gross sales and another $33 million for the state government in sales taxes. Minnesota’s tourism industry generates thousands of jobs and has grown significantly in recent years.
“If you are going to invest state resources into generating jobs, then you get much more ‘bang for the buck’ by investing in tourism, recreation and sustainable agriculture and forestry, than you would by investing in a mining project,” the University of Wisconsin’s Gedicks told Truthout.
Beyond its potential effect on tourism revenue in the state, the NorthMet mine threatens wetlands in the area. Wetlands filter and regulate water flow and are one of the most productive ecosystems on the planet, equal to the tropical rain forest and coral reefs.
According to its impact statement, the NorthMet mine is predicted to directly disturb almost 12.5 square miles of wetlands. By law, any wetland that has been harmed by the mining project must be replaced. Replacement systems often fall short, however. There are eight types of wetlands and each has a different function. Replacing wetlands of a different type or in a different watershed is less effective than protecting the original wetlands.
Paul Glaser, a research professor with the University of Minnesota’s Earth Science Department, wrote that the wetland replacement sites chosen by PolyMet are “inadequate for fulfilling mitigation needs since these mitigation sites are located in an entirely different drainage basin and also contain wetlands that are quite different from those at the NorthMet site.”
Additionally, the simulated water models for the NorthMet mine did not take into account the water passing between wetlands and groundwater. This interaction could cause wetland water levels to drop and toxin levels to rise, increasing wetland destruction.
“This is a failure to disclose potential impacts of the projects, including water quality impacts to wetlands. These are impacts that, if severe enough, could cause substantial mitigation to be required, including denial of the permit,” Myers wrote in his report.
Noting the deficiency in PolyMet’s wetlands plan, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommended that the US Army Corp of Engineers require PolyMet to monitor wetland impacts, develop an impact assessment and create a contingency plan.
Still, the EPA approved the final environmental impact statement for the NorthMet mine on December 21, 2015. Now, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources must approve the impact statement before the project can move on to permitting.
The official decision is expected in February, although Department of Natural Resources Commissioner Tom Landwehr already said he plans to approve it. This decision will come amid an EPA investigation into allegations that the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency failed to hold iron mining companies to the standards set by the Clean Water Act.
The NorthMet mine is not the only sulfide mine proposed in northern Minnesota. Twin Metals is about two years away from submitting their environmental impact statement for a mine to be located near the NorthMet site. The Twin Metals mine would fall within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area watershed. Any spill or leak from the Twin Metals mine would cause the Boundary Waters to become polluted with no feasible cleanup option. | <urn:uuid:75135528-ac37-486a-89da-4ffc5cec67dd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://truthout.org/articles/critics-say-proposed-sulfide-mine-in-minnesota-threatens-state-s-watersheds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939691 | 2,021 | 2.921875 | 3 |
San Antonio Weather Averages
Most of the year San Antonio, Texas basks in weather that's mainly warm, dry and sunny. The heat spikes during summer months, while rainfall peaks in spring and fall.
This page gives detailed information on the annual temperature, precipitation, sun, humidity, wind and storm averages for San Antonio. The numbers here are historical averages based on climate data gathered at the San Antonio International Airport, located a few miles north of the city center.
|80 °F||annual average high||27 °C|
|59 °F||annual average low||15 °C|
San Antonio's coldest days of the year usually occur in late December early January when the daily maximum temperature averages 63 degrees Fahrenheit (17 degrees Celsius) and the minimum averages 41 °F (5 °C).
The year's hottest days are normally in mid August. The average temperature peaks then with daily highs of 97 °F (36 °C) and nighttime lows of 76 °F (24 °C).
|213 days||80 °F max. or more (27 °C)|
|110 days||50 °F min. or less (10 °C)|
San Antonio averages 122 days a year when the thermometer reaches into the 90s °F (over 32 °C). The temperature normally climbs above 100 °F (38 °C) on 18 days.
The thermometer dips to freezing or below on an average of 14 nights a year. San Antonio does not normally get as cold as 20 °F (-8 °C).
|32.4 in||total precipitation||822 mm|
|81 days||of rain or snowfall|
September and October are usually the wettest months of the year in San Antonio, while January and February are the driest.
San Antonio averages 0.2 inches (0.5 centimetres) of snow a year, which is most likely to fall in February. For most years though, the city sees no snow.
|105 days||clear skies|
The sun's rays reach the ground in San Antonio during 60 percent of daylight hours on average year round, for a total of 2665 hours annually. Typically on 105 days a year the sky is mainly clear, with at most 30 percent cloud cover.
Sunlight in San Antonio averages 12 hours and 9 minutes a day. The shortest days of the year in mid December have 10 hours and 16 minutes of daylight. The year's longest days in mid June last 14:02 from sunrise to sunset.
|67 %||average humidity|
The annual average for relative humidity in San Antonio ranges throughout the day from 83 percent at 6:00 am to 48 percent at 3:00 pm standard time.
|Local Time||12 am||3 am||6 am||9 am||12 pm||3 pm||6 pm||9 pm|
|9.1 mph||wind speed average||14.6 kph|
March and April are usually the windiest months for San Antonio, while the wind is calmest during September and October.
|9 days||precipitation of 1 inch (25 mm) or more|
|36 days||with thunderstorms a year|
Thunderstorms occur most often in May, but can appear over San Antonio any time of the year.
Although uncommon, major hurricanes have approached within 100 miles (165 km) of San Antonio during August and September.
The weather data here are long-term averages provided by the US National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Temperature and precipitation are 1991-2020 normals while humidity and thunderstorms are 1961-1990 normals. | <urn:uuid:62bb3c55-e988-4da3-8972-f0b958fa0a3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mail.currentresults.com/Weather/Texas/Places/san-antonio-weather-averages.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.88562 | 802 | 2.390625 | 2 |
The scope of the project was to design a pneumatic cylinder for measuring the resistive and applied force of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) after anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) surgery. The patient’s distal section of the first phalange, of the thumb, is the area of evaluation. The device is intended for assessing both the quality of the surgery results as well as physical therapy progression. Criteria such as mobility, compact design, accuracy, repeatability, and ease of operation are some of the major requirements. The initial prototype is intended to collect FPL strength data to establish operating conditions.
Design of a Thumb Strength Testing Device
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Fry, C, Mardula, J, Lee, B, & Piovesan, D. "Design of a Thumb Strength Testing Device." Proceedings of the 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. April 9–12, 2018. V001T03A019. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/DMD2018-6952
Download citation file: | <urn:uuid:6acd5987-9601-4fc4-966d-0be96749fe10> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/BIOMED/proceedings/DMD2018/40789/V001T03A019/271892 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.86718 | 254 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Like any star of the silver screen, a facial peel is in order every now and then. For the famous Hollywood Sign perched atop Mount Lee overlooking Los Angeles, it’s been 35 years since its last facelift, but the 89 year-old historical landmark will soon look as young as ever. Last week, the restoration project passed the halfway mark, with the H-O-L-L-Y letters newly primed, primped, and painted. The effort started on October 2 and will be completed by year’s end. The remaining corrugated steel letters will be sanded and given a fresh coat of glossy white paint.
When all is said and done, approximately 110 gallons of primer and 275 gallons of paint will have been used. And for sign aficionados who want to duplicate the color, it’s Sherwin-Williams Emerald Exterior Paint in high reflective white. The Hollywood Sign Trust together with Sherwin-Williams is funding the project. The sign was originally built as a real estate billboard in 1923, scrapped and rebuilt in 1978 and today continues to be an international landmark.
Applying the paint. (Sherwin-Williams) Hand and tool work. (Sherwin-Williams) Stripping the L. (Sherwin-WIlliams) | <urn:uuid:1b170e39-3a1f-4511-b8c6-8884e2a60fdf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.archpaper.com/2012/11/hollywood-sign-now-has-half-a-facelift/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.920219 | 264 | 1.75 | 2 |
5-7 When Jesus got to the tree, he looked up and said, “Zacchaeus, hurry down. Today is my day to be a guest in your home.” Zacchaeus scrambled out of the tree, hardly believing his good luck, delighted to take Jesus home with him. Everyone who saw the incident was indignant and grumped, “What business does he have getting cozy with this crook?”
8 Zacchaeus just stood there, a little stunned. He stammered apologetically, “Master, I give away half my income to the poor—and if I’m caught cheating, I pay four times the damages.”
9-10 Jesus said, “Today is salvation day in this home! Here he is: Zacchaeus, son of Abraham! For the Son of Man came to find and restore the lost.”
The Story About Investment
11 While he had their attention, and because they were getting close to Jerusalem by this time and expectation was building that God’s kingdom would appear any minute, he told this story:
12-13 “There was once a man descended from a royal house who needed to make a long trip back to headquarters to get authorization for his rule and then return. But first he called ten servants together, gave them each a sum of money, and instructed them, ‘Operate with this until I return.’
14 “But the citizens there hated him. So they sent a commission with a signed petition to oppose his rule: ‘We don’t want this man to rule us.’
15 “When he came back bringing the authorization of his rule, he called those ten servants to whom he had given the money to find out how they had done.
16 “The first said, ‘Master, I doubled your money.’
17 “He said, ‘Good servant! Great work! Because you’ve been trustworthy in this small job, I’m making you governor of ten towns.’
18 “The second said, ‘Master, I made a fifty percent profit on your money.’
19 “He said, ‘I’m putting you in charge of five towns.’
20-21 “The next servant said, ‘Master, here’s your money safe and sound. I kept it hidden in the cellar. To tell you the truth, I was a little afraid. I know you have high standards and hate sloppiness, and don’t suffer fools gladly.’
22-23 “He said, ‘You’re right that I don’t suffer fools gladly—and you’ve acted the fool! Why didn’t you at least invest the money in securities so I would have gotten a little interest on it?’
24 “Then he said to those standing there, ‘Take the money from him and give it to the servant who doubled my stake.’
25 “They said, ‘But Master, he already has double . . .’
26 “He said, ‘That’s what I mean: Risk your life and get more than you ever dreamed of. Play it safe and end up holding the bag.
27 “‘As for these enemies of mine who petitioned against my rule, clear them out of here. I don’t want to see their faces around here again.’”
God’s Personal Visit
28-31 After saying these things, Jesus headed straight up to Jerusalem. When he got near Bethphage and Bethany at the mountain called Olives, he sent off two of the disciples with instructions: “Go to the village across from you. As soon as you enter, you’ll find a colt tethered, one that has never been ridden. Untie it and bring it. If anyone says anything, asks, ‘What are you doing?’ say, ‘His Master needs him.’”
32-33 The two left and found it just as he said. As they were untying the colt, its owners said, “What are you doing untying the colt?”
34 They said, “His Master needs him.”
35-36 They brought the colt to Jesus. Then, throwing their coats on its back, they helped Jesus get on. As he rode, the people gave him a grand welcome, throwing their coats on the street.
37-38 Right at the crest, where Mount Olives begins its descent, the whole crowd of disciples burst into enthusiastic praise over all the mighty works they had witnessed:
Blessed is he who comes,
the king in God’s name!
All’s well in heaven!
Glory in the high places!
39 Some Pharisees from the crowd told him, “Teacher, get your disciples under control!”
40 But he said, “If they kept quiet, the stones would do it for them, shouting praise.”
41-44 When the city came into view, he wept over it. “If you had only recognized this day, and everything that was good for you! But now it’s too late. In the days ahead your enemies are going to bring up their heavy artillery and surround you, pressing in from every side. They’ll smash you and your babies on the pavement. Not one stone will be left intact. All this because you didn’t recognize and welcome God’s personal visit.”
45-46 Going into the Temple he began to throw out everyone who had set up shop, selling everything and anything. He said, “It’s written in Scripture,
My house is a house of prayer;
You have turned it into a religious bazaar.”
47-48 From then on he taught each day in the Temple. The high priests, religion scholars, and the leaders of the people were trying their best to find a way to get rid of him. But with the people hanging on every word he spoke, they couldn’t come up with anything. | <urn:uuid:61085502-e379-454f-a063-bb43c2fb484a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://msg.scripturefirst.net/newtestament/luke/page/19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.977581 | 1,326 | 2.1875 | 2 |
A rare and fragile site
Getting here and regulations
This site is very fragile. It is strictly forbidden to walk on the dunes and sandy areas which are home to many buried species which are destroyed when walked upon. Please stay on the trails and paths which wind through the sand to protect the environment.
The Jarre valley is the property of the Bouches-du-Rhône department. Cycling on wide paths is authorised. Creating circuits with humps and jumps is strictly forbidden.
GPS Coordinates: 43.230534, 5.392515 | <urn:uuid:8d0047b3-9a97-453f-ab7a-dff6784af383> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.calanques-parcnational.fr/en/la-jarre-valley | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.924359 | 122 | 1.648438 | 2 |
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency says some sheep in Alberta have been infected with scrapie, a fatal disease that affects the animals’ nervous system.
The federal agency’s website says classic scrapie, which can be transmitted to other sheep and goats, was confirmed last month in two Alberta flocks.
Scrapie belongs to the family of diseases that includes mad cow disease in cattle, chronic wasting disease in deer and elk, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.
Health Canada says there is no known link between scrapie and human health.
The CFIA says scrapie can only been seen in adult sheep between two and five years of age and can take years to develop.
Once an animal appears ill it typically dies within a few months.
The Canadian Press | <urn:uuid:60d6cd4f-cb96-43d1-a128-d46ec5441e5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vicnews.com/news/scrapie-a-disease-related-to-mad-cow-found-in-two-flocks-of-sheep-in-alberta/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967156 | 164 | 3.296875 | 3 |
In the ministry of Jesus, the kingdom of God arrived as announced by John the Baptist – Mark 1:1-3.
The gospel of Mark begins with a declaration from the Hebrew Bible that sets the stage for the messianic mission of Jesus Christ. Thus, it opens on a distinct note of fulfillment. Jesus is the promised Messiah of Israel, and with the appearance of John, the long-awaited “season of fulfillment” has begun.
Continue reading IN THE BEGINNING
To be a disciple means taking up the cross daily and following in Christ’s footsteps, even if doing so means death – Mark 6:7-30.
Jesus commissioned the twelve disciples to proclaim the Kingdom of God throughout the region. And in Mark, their commissioning is followed by the execution of John the Baptist to prepare the reader for the rejection that will result from following Jesus. To walk in his footsteps, one must first count the cost to have any hope of seeing that journey through to the end.
Continue reading COST OF DISCIPLESHIP
SYNOPSIS – Jesus began to announce the arrival of the kingdom of God following the arrest of John the Baptist– Mark 1:14-15.
Jesus did not begin to proclaim the impending Kingdom of God until after the arrest of John the Baptist. This was indicative of the opposition and adversity that would characterize his ministry. At the time, the region of Palestine consisted of three territories – Judea, Samaria, and Galilee. The latter was the largest and covered most of northern Palestine. Galilee had a mixed population of Jews and Gentiles.
Continue reading ARREST AND ADVANCE
John arrived in Judea to prepare the way for the Messiah and to herald the Good News of the Kingdom – Mark 1:4-8.
All four gospels apply the same passage from Isaiah to John the Baptist. He was sent to summon all of Israel to repent “for the remission of sins” in preparation for the Messiah’s arrival and the Kingdom of God, and all this was in fulfillment of key messianic promises in the Hebrew Bible.
Continue reading VOICE IN THE WILDERNESS
SYNOPSIS – As the Messiah of Israel, Jesus is the quintessential Man of the Spirit anointed to rule on the Davidic Throne – Psalm 2:2.
The second Psalm is a messianic prophecy about the ideal king of Israel who was destined to sit on the throne of David. The Psalmist labeled him “Yahweh’s anointed,” “my king upon holy Zion,” and “my son.” His enthronement marked “the day Yahweh has begotten you.” This “anointed one” was designated by God as the king of Israel, the “ruler of the kings of the earth,” and the “son” of Yahweh.
Continue reading the Anointed King | <urn:uuid:5da425be-14e1-4477-8c70-eaaa607ca7d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://disciplesglobal.home.blog/category/gospel-story/john-the-baptist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947316 | 621 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Having been raised in Eskimo villages on the northwest coast of Alaska, intercultural learning is part of Dr. James Bruckner’s heritage. Today, it affects every course he teaches. “Intercultural learning happens by entering the seminary. The interpretation of Scripture begins with the study of the wide variety of cultural and ethnic settings of the biblical text. It continues with Field Education throughout the city, intercultural settings, and worldwide Christian studies,” says Dr. Bruckner.
Dr. Bruckner’s classes are diverse in methodology, focus, and intent. “This is by design since we seek to form whole people for healthy ministries in the Christian church,” says Dr. Bruckner. At North Park, Dr. Bruckner finds that community life is placed at a high value. In the midst of academic rigor, the focus is still on preparing students for ministries of the church.
An essential part of Dr. Bruckner’s identity as a faculty member is to form students who will become his peers in ministry. “From the beginning of the seminary experience to beyond graduation, we continuously interact with students. Training pastors in the value of reading the Bible as God’s word is the most challenging and rewarding work that I know,” says Dr. Bruckner.
An ordained pastor of the Evangelical Covenant Church, Dr. Bruckner has served congregations in Washington and Minnesota, and as a lay missionary in Alaska.
Bruckner, James. Healthy Human Life: A Biblical Witness. Cascade Books. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2012.
Bruckner, James. Exodus. 2nd edition. Understanding the Bible Commentary Series. Grand Rapids: Baker Publishing Group, 2012.
Bruckner, James. “Habakkuk, Book of” in Dictionary of the Old Testament: Prophets, 294–301. Edited by Mark J. Boda and J. Gordon McConville. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2012. | <urn:uuid:528fcb17-21a0-4787-9fba-e48c789eea40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.northpark.edu/faculty-staff-directory/james-bruckner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.936968 | 429 | 1.890625 | 2 |
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Página 7 - Dictionary is recommended to the public, were written by your Lordship. To be so distinguished is an honour which, being very little accustomed to favours from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.
Página 8 - Seven years, my Lord, have now passed since I waited in your outward rooms or was repulsed from your door; during which time I have been pushing on my work through difficulties of which it is useless to complain and have brought it at last to the verge of publication without one act of assistance, one word of encouragement, or one smile of favor. Such treatment I did not expect, for I never had a Patron before.
Página 9 - Is not a patron, my lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and when he has reached ground encumbers him with help...
Página 8 - I had exhausted all the art of pleasing which a retired and uncourtly scholar can possess. I had done all that I could; and no man is well pleased to have his all neglected, be it ever so little.
Página 231 - Young man, ply your book diligently now, and acquire a stock of knowledge; for when years come upon you, you will find that poring upon books will be but an irksome task.
Página 196 - To be sure, he is a tree that cannot produce good fruit; he only bears crabs. But, sir, a tree that produces a great many crabs is better than a tree which produces only a few.
Página 48 - A hateful tax levied upon commodities, and adjudged not by the common judges of property, but wretches hired by those to whom excise is paid.
Página 97 - HONOURED MADAM, — The account which Miss [Porter] gives me of your health pierces my heart. God comfort and preserve you and save you, for the sake of Jesus Christ. " I would have Miss read to you from time to time the passion of our Saviour, and sometimes the sentences in the communion service, beginning — ' Come unto me, all ye that travel and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
Página 51 - I have protracted my work till most of those whom I wished to please have sunk into the grave, and success and miscarriage are empty sounds. I therefore dismiss it with frigid tranquillity, having little to fear or hope from censure or from praise.
Página 5 - ... declare, that I make a total surrender of all my rights and privileges in the English language, as a free-born British subject, to the said Mr. Johnson, during the term of his dictatorship. Nay, more ; I will not only obey him like an old Roman, as my dictator, but, like a modern Roman, I will implicitly believe in him as my Pope, and hold him to be infallible while in the chair, but no longer. More than this he cannot well require ; for, I presume, that obedience can never be expected, when... | <urn:uuid:cb6acd59-a335-44e2-a36a-8f786b2d9f52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://books.google.com.gt/books?id=NKcXAAAAYAAJ&lr=&as_brr=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961374 | 826 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Rare Video Game Is Found at Goodwill Store in North Texas
I often have dreams about making a fortune on some of those old Pokémon or Digimon cards my sons collected for years. But I have no clue if any of them are worth anything. They also had quite a collection of video games and gaming systems. But that is all junk now, right?
Well, it depends on what it is and how much someone is willing to pay for it.
Recently a video game was donated to a Goodwill location in North Central Texas. A store employee checked it out and thought it might have some value. So this Atari game, "Air Raid" was sent to a main hub for Goodwill in Fort Worth. NBC DFW reports this is where Alex Juarez steps in. He has knowledge of these kinds of items and can spot something that has value.
He knew the game "Air Raid," for the Atari 2600 console could bring in some big money and he was right.
Fox News reports this particular game is very rare and very valuable.
Juarez says there are only 13 known copies of the game. That makes it quite valuable. But how much money would this unusual game bring? No one was quite sure.
The t-shaped game was discovered in a box full of donated video games. It was put up for sale on the Goodwill e-commerce site and it sold about 7 days later for more than $10,000 dollars.
This money will be used to help provide job placement services for several homeless folks in the North Texas area. | <urn:uuid:a9bd8ad9-bc54-4316-8a5e-515ab87ebe9a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://1130thetiger.com/rare-video-game/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.981951 | 318 | 1.75 | 2 |
Extra virgin oil is the highest quality olive oil. It is heart-friendly and contains various antioxidants. They are excellent ingredients to be used for cooking and dressing on salads.
You can use olive oil for cooking, frying, and roasting.
However, it can be quite difficult to buy the original extra virgin olive oil. When you enter the market, you find multiple brands are selling a huge variety of olive oil.
The thing is that there are multiple varieties of olive oil available in the market, and non all types of olive oil are created equal.
Here are the prime varieties of olive oil
- Extra virgin olive oil
- Virgin olive oil
- Cold-pressed olive oil
- Pomace oil
Though all types are beneficial for your health, extra virgin olive oil is the best one among them.
Let’s first talk about the types and what differentiates them
Extra Virgin Olive Oil
It is the best quality olive oil which means it does not contain any unrefined commodity. It is not treated by any chemical or heat.
The lower smoking point is mostly used on salad dressings, and you can use it on various food items. It is quite difficult to find the best affordable extra virgin olive oil.
Virgin Olive Oil
Virgin olive oil is the second-best olive oil, and just like extra virgin olive oil, no heat or chemicals are incorporated in the extraction process.
However, Virgin olive oil can have little contamination that does not make much of a difference. This type of olive oil is mostly used for cooking or stirring vegetables.
Cold-pressed oil is extracted through the process of grinding at low temperatures. Many different fruits, seeds, and vegetables can be used to make it.
It is low-grade olive because due to heat, the flavor of olive oil and its nutritional value can be lost. Moreover, heat increases the chances of contamination. Because the standards controlling the cold pressing method vary from state to state, buyers should check all product labels before purchasing it.
In the past, olive oil was extracted using stone presses and stone mil, but now they are replaced with centrifuges.
Oil of Pomace
Pomace olive oil is of the lowest grade. It is the product of pulp that is left after olives are pressed. Solvents and heat are used to remove by-products.
Because the refined by-product has a high smoke point, it may be utilized for frying and other cooking applications. Consumers should avoid it.
How Can You Protect Yourself From Buying Low-Quality Olive Oil?
The olive oil business is known for its deception. Many manufacturers do scams in the olive oil business, and they label low-grade oil as extra virgin olive oil. They also claim olive oil to be from one country when manufactured in another country.
These aspects make it critical to keep your feet elevated. You cannot imagine how many companies are out there who just want to earn profit through such scams and frauds.
Here are some pointers for purchasing original extra virgin olive oil
Purchase from manufacturers who provide you real estate addresses, real harvest dates, or original plant names on their labels. It is ensured that you are buying products from reliable markers of both quality and authenticity.
- Locate the certificate inside your organization.
- Purchase from recognized farmers Estate. They will provide you with the best affordable extra virgin olive oil.
- Examine the packing. Good producers understand that dark glass bottles or metal cans should be used to preserve their products since they shield the oil from the detrimental effects of light.
If You Go to the ShopKeep in Mind these Pointers
1. The Bottle of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Should Be Dark in Color
Not using dark glass can be a critical issue for olive oil storage. The reason is that exposure to UV light can result in high rancidity of olive oil. Therefore, make sure to purchase your extra-virgin olive oil in a darkened or lined glass bottle. You can also buy it in a can packaging. Only buy from the clear glass if it’s wrapped in foil.
2. Date of Harvest
Freshness is something that makes olive oil so amazing. Before purchasing, look for a Best Before and Harvest date on the bottle.
Moreover, a well-made, well-preserved extra virgin olive oil should have a two-year shelf lifespan.
After opening the bottle of olive oil, it is better to use it within a month. Look for the expiration date and best before date. Furthermore, if an olive oil seems to be rancid, return it for a refund even if the expiration date is next year.
The price of extra virgin olive oil is usually higher than other oils. Therefore be mentally prepared for giving extra money. Though you can find affordable extra virgin olive oil, it will have minor faults that you can ignore. However, if you want to use it raw, it is better to make sure that the quality is top-notch.
The product should be certified, and the region of its manufacturing should be mentioned on the label. Read the label before buying, so you know what brand are you buying and which country is manufacturing it.
Extra virgin olive oil should taste like healthy fresh olives and should be fresh and delicious. There should be no rancidity or fermentation. Remember that bitterness is not a bad thing. It has the natural flavor of fresh green olives and works well with meals like robust bean soup or tomato sauce.
Even if you find a great deal where you can get two-liter bottles of olive oil at your store at the price of one, do not get tempted by that unless you are quite sure that first, it is extra virgin olive oil and second that you will use it all up in three months. If you want to enjoy the flavor and benefits of olive oil, you should do it while it is at its freshest.
Overall, olive oil is a remarkable food. it is nutritious and delicious with amazing health benefits. If you have the opportunity, do explore and test the product before buying. And do not fall for cheap products. | <urn:uuid:df707a3f-700b-46fb-b97f-9a88b2b19863> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.digitalizevision.com/extra-virgin-olive-oil/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953167 | 1,266 | 1.992188 | 2 |
- In Brown v Tasmania HCA 43, the High Court applied the constitutional freedom of political communication to invalidate provisions of the Tasmanian Protestors Act, insofar as they applied to forestry land.
- Aside from its impact upon the trajectory of environmental protest in Tasmania, Brown v Tasmania may also render vulnerable similar legislation and legislative proposals in other parts of Australia.
Former Greens Senator and environmental activist Bob Brown recently brought a successful constitutional challenge to Tasmanian anti-protest laws. In Brown v Tasmania HCA 43; 91 ALJR 1089, the High Court ruled in favour of Brown and second plaintiff Jessica Hoyt, applying the constitutional freedom of political communication to invalidate provisions of the Workplaces (Protection from Protesters) Act 2014 (Tas) (the ‘Protestors Act’) insofar as they applied to forestry land.
Background and legislation
The Protestors Act was enacted to protect businesses from disruptions, damage and losses caused by protestors. The Act applies selectively to ‘protestors’ engaged in ‘protest activity’ – defined in terms of furthering a cause whether ‘political, environmental, social, cultural or economic’ – on or near ‘business premises’, specifically including forest operations (ss 4, 5). | <urn:uuid:622499eb-94e4-41dd-817f-235c40f7fe9c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lsj.com.au/articles/brown-v-tasmania-high-court-delivers-a-win-for-protesters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.909426 | 269 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Puzzle is a board game that was created in the early 1970s by an American named Howard Wexler. The game is played on a square board with a number of triangular-shaped pieces, called "puzzles", placed on it. The object of the game is to move the puzzles from their original positions to a designated location on the board.
The game is played by two or more players, who take turns moving one of their puzzles. A player can only move a puzzle if it is adjacent to their other puzzle. If a player cannot move one of their puzzles, they must forfeit their turn. The first player to move all of their puzzles to the designated location wins the game.
There are a number of variations of the game, including one where the player must first remove all of the tiles from the board before moving the puzzles. | <urn:uuid:d03b61f7-5a9f-4f16-bdd2-620ad649de11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.gamepuzzle.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.984203 | 187 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Migraine can be one of the most difficult pain conditions to treat, because no one knows what causes it. Experts have found that different people have different triggers – stress, sleep issues, weather, diet, light or smell, for example. But the physiological basis for migraine, which affects more than 1 billion people worldwide, remains a mystery.
Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center are tracking the molecular steps that lead to migraine with the hope of developing better preventative and therapeutic options. One of the most promising areas of research is the endogenous cannabinoid system.
Understanding the endogenous cannabinoid system
Cannabinoids, compounds found in the Cannabis sativa plant, have long been used to treat various maladies including pain. The two primary active cannabinoids, THC and CBD, are considered exogenous cannabinoids because they originate from outside the body. Cannabinoids that originate from within the body are called endocannabinoids.
Cannabinoids act by binding to CB1 and CB2 receptors, located on nerve cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The activation of the receptors causes the cell to take action, such as reducing inflammation or relieving pain. When the desired effect is achieved, enzymes break down the cannabinoids, both exogenous and endocannabinoids, removing them from the body. The various components work together to form the endogenous cannabinoid system.
“There is clinical evidence that patients who have chronic migraine, defined as 15 or more headache days per month, as well as patients who have medication-overuse headache, have lower circulating plasma levels of endocannabinoids,” said Tally Largent-Milnes, PhD, an associate professor of pharmacology in the UArizona College of Medicine – Tucson and member of the UArizona Health Sciences Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center.
Dr. Largent-Milnes studied the endogenous cannabinoid system as a junior faculty member under the mentorship of Todd Vanderah, PhD, head of the Department of Pharmacology, interim director of the Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center and BIO5 Institute member. She was intrigued by the connection to migraine, a condition both she and her mother have.
“Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency is a common feature between the three major functional pain disorders: migraine, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel,” Dr. Largent-Milnes said. “The other common thing with all three is that they predominantly affect females. From a pharmacology standpoint and based on what studies had been done, we knew that there were sex differences in how cannabis and other compounds work at the cannabinoid receptors, laying the foundation for further research.”
Two primary endocannabinoids have been identified: anandamide, which in 1992 was the first one to be discovered, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, or 2-AG.
“There have been studies in migraine models that have asked, ‘Can we block anandamide degradation by targeting the enzyme with a drug to alleviate headache?’ And the answer to that is yes,” Dr. Largent-Milnes said. “That line of research came from this idea of clinical endocannabinoid deficiency, and the fact that we can measure anandamide levels in both the central nervous system and the blood plasma. But the 2-AG story has been largely overlooked, and my lab is primarily interested in 2-AG due to its increased endogenous levels.”
Looking at the link between endocannabinoids and migraine
Migraine, which is classified as a neurological disorder, occurs most often among people aged 20 to 50 years and is about three times more common in women than in men, according to the Journal of the American Medical Association. Research in the U.S. has shown that 17.1% of women reported having migraine symptoms, yet only 5.6% of men say the same.
One potential explanation is the differences in the endocannabinoid levels of men and women.
“Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency is a common feature between the three major functional pain disorders: migraine, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel.”Tally Largent-Milnes, PhD
“In our preclinical studies we found that both anandamide and 2-AG levels are lower in females, specifically in the periaqueductal gray region of the brain,” Dr. Largent-Milnes said, explaining that the periaqueductal gray acts to amplify or dampen the perception of stressors including pain.
With the knowledge that females have lower levels of endocannabinoids overall, researchers in Dr. Largent-Milnes’ lab examined whether there was a correlation between endocannabinoid levels and migraine headaches. The answer was a resounding yes. In animal migraine models, 2-AG levels were lower in the migraine headache group than in the non-headache group.
“We are seeing a variety of changes in the molecular components of migraine – especially in the enzyme activities, receptors and inflammatory markers – that point to this idea that 2-AG is playing a role,” Dr. Largent-Milnes said. “The losses of 2-AG that we see are not due to any changes in how much is being made, but rather how much is being degraded. It really pushes forth this idea that enhanced degradation of 2-AG may be a driving factor for headache.”
Dr. Largent-Milnes’ ongoing research is focusing on manipulating the endocannabinoid enzymes to increase 2-AG levels. She has early evidence to suggest that headache-like pain can by reduced by inhibiting specific enzymes that break down 2-AG.
If her theory is successful, it opens the door for the creation of drugs that can influence the endocannabinoid system without the negative side effects of cannabis, including mood and behavioral changes and addiction.
She also is examining endocannabinoid levels during different life stages, including pre-puberty and post-menopause. One of the projects she hopes to get funded will examine if and how estrogen regulates the endocannabinoid system in pain relevant to the brain regions.
“From the sex difference standpoint, this seems to be a female-mediated system, so it’s likely, at least in part, that a hormone regulation of the endocannabinoid system is what's driving this female susceptibility to headache,” Dr. Largent-Milnes concluded.
By targeting the endogenous cannabinoid system using compounds to boost natural endocannabinoids including 2-AG, Dr. Largent-Milnes hopes to develop new and potentially sex-selective preventative and therapeutic drugs for migraine. | <urn:uuid:b9196127-e71d-41c4-89f9-bd6613de116e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healthsciences.arizona.edu/tomorrow/uncovering-connection-between-cannabinoids-and-migraine | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.946172 | 1,392 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The crisis in social care in the UK does not have just one cause, nor one simple solution. Chronic underfunding, an ageing population, the Brexit-induced labour shortage and the devastation wreaked by Covid-19 have all played a part. But the problems forcing the care system to the brink of collapse don’t just come from a series of exogenous shocks – they are internal too. The very structure of the sector is unstable.
The growing involvement of private equity, hedge funds and real estate investment trusts in the care sector in recent decades has brought about a rise in the use of predatory financial techniques, justified in the name of enticing capital into a sector that the government has persistently failed to adequately fund. According to data from the Care Quality Commission, these firms now own one in eight care home beds in England.
A screen of financial jargon helps investors avoid public scrutiny, but a slew of recent reports has begun to detail the many tactics used to ensure “healthy” returns on investment – and the profound and troubling consequences that these strategies have for the care sector.
In 2012, the UK-based private equity firm Terra Firma Capital bought Four Seasons Health Care in an £825m debt-leveraged buyout, backed by US-based hedge fund H/2 Capital Partners.
Leveraged buyouts are a common technique used to increase return on investment. They allow investors to pay only a fraction of the purchase price using their own capital; the rest is covered with a loan. In theory, the target social care company then pays off the debt using their cashflow, increasing the equity portion owned by the investment firm, meaning a larger windfall for investors if the care company is sold on.
However, recent research has found that these kinds of buyouts are associated with an 18% increase in risk of bankruptcy for the target company. In the case of Four Seasons Health Care, onerous debt payments contributed to the company’s collapse into administration in 2019. Two of the other largest care home providers in the UK – HC-One and Care UK – have also undergone leveraged buyouts and, as a result, their corporate group structures remain saddled with significant debts.
The implications of this debt-heavy model are significant. Among the five largest care home chains backed by private equity in the UK, interest payments on leveraged buyouts and other debt obligations absorb about 16% of the average weekly bed fee.
But interest payments on debt aren’t the only additional cost some care providers face. Other strategies for increasing return on investment see investors selling off care home properties for a one-off lump sum, then leasing them back – sometimes from a new landlord, sometimes from other entities within the corporate structure.
Care UK’s accounts, for example, state that it paid £4.1m in rent in 2019 to Silver Sea Holdings – a company registered in Luxembourg, a low-tax jurisdiction, which is also owned by Care UK’s parent company, Bridgepoint.
These financialised structures demand an ever-growing revenue stream, not to fund more and better quality care or higher wages, but to keep up with growing interest repayments on the debts they carry and rising rents, and to line the pockets of investors, some of whom are astutely located in low-tax jurisdictions.
Current reform proposals do not even begin to touch these problems. The touted 1p increase on national insurance contributions to fund social care, while welcome, would be like pouring money into a bucket that someone has wilfully punched holes into. We have to stem the outflow too.
Tighter financial regulation of the sector could rein in extractivist financial practices, and in the short term should be used to do so. However, this misses an even more fundamental challenge: that the core characteristics of adult social care make it almost impossible to privatise successfully. The supposed benefits of the free market – quality innovations and cost efficiencies – simply don’t apply. The bucket itself is not, and never has been, structurally sound.
For starters, well-functioning markets rely on consumer choice: if a product or service is inadequate, you simply choose another. But unlike a phone contract, where poor service may inspire you to switch provider, the physical and emotional costs associated with moving between care homes – known as “transfer trauma” – can leave vulnerable residents with limited power to voice their concerns.
In addition, the time-insensitive nature of care work means that there are few opportunities for cost-efficiency savings without compromising working conditions and quality of care. After all, asking a care worker to spend less time with each client can only be detrimental for a service in which, as the economist Tim Jackson puts it, the “quality rests entirely on the attention paid by one person to another”.
These two features of the care sector mean that service quality and worker pay come into conflict with returns to investors. Independent studies appear to corroborate this, finding that both quality of care and wages are generally lower in for-profit care homes.
Signing-on bonuses to recruit new carers, piecemeal funding reforms and even improved financial regulation cannot scratch the surface of these structural challenges.
The competitive, for-profit model of social care provision has had 30 years to deliver on its promises of efficient, high-quality services. In that time, the crisis in adult social care has only deepened. Instead of driving innovation, increased competition between providers has undermined care quality. It is time to stop pursuing the same strategy and expecting a different outcome.
The care sector needs an overhaul. Not only do we need adequate long-term funding from central government, we also need to address some searching questions about the role of profit in the sector, and ask: who is benefiting from this dysfunctional model? And who, ultimately, is paying the price?
Christine Corlet Walker is a researcher at the Centre for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity | <urn:uuid:359aa24d-278e-4925-a9bd-d0967e111b0c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/aug/10/predatory-financial-tactics-survival-uk-care-system-at-risk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953693 | 1,219 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Asteroids, Comets and Meteoroids are all relatively small objects that inhabit our Solar System. When any of them have orbits that intersect with that of the Earth they are known as Near Earth Objects or NEOs. Asteroids (a word coined by William Herschel [1738-1822]) used to be known as minor planets, while meteoroids is the name applied to asteroids that are less than 50 metres in diameter, although some use 10 metres as the classification threshold.
Meteorites have had a history of being considered divine in origin, leading to different levels of veneration in various cultures(v). In the 2nd century, Clement of Alexandria is said to have concluded that “the worship of such stones to have been the first, and earliest idolatry, in the world.”
What is probably the first recorded death from a meteorite strike took place in India in February 2016(z).
Comets, until recently, were generally thought to be composed of just dust and ice, ‘dirty snowballs’, which have orbits that periodically bring them close to the sun at which stage the interaction of the comet’s dust trail with the solar wind produces a highly visible coma or tail. The nucleus can have a diameter of a couple of kilometres.
The chemical composition of comets is now known to be varied and much more complex than previously believed. In 2015, Comet Lovejoy was ejecting the equivalent of “500 bottles of wine every second” when it was closest to the sun, in the form of ethyl alcohol(w). A close encounter with the Earth would have been interesting!
In 1883 a large comet is estimated to have come within a few hundred miles of Earth. It was photographed and some years later the image was hailed as the first image of a UFO!
In recent years comets have come to be seen as potentially more dangerous than asteroids in the event of a collision. This view was graphically demonstrated when the Levy-Shoemaker comet crashed spectacularly into Jupiter in 1994, after breaking up into as many as 21 large pieces before impacting. This comet was originally about 20 km in diameter. However, the distinction between comets and asteroids has been blurred by asteroids sometimes displaying the features of comets, such as asteroid P2013/P5, which in 2013 produced six cometary-like tails.
In 2022, a report offered evidence that major cometary or asteroidal impacts or airbursts have been more frequent than previously thought. University of Cincinnati’s Professor Kenneth Tankersley and his colleagues have listed many such events that are known to have occurred since one apparently wiped out the dinosaurs. The most disturbing fact is the number of encounters experienced within historical times, for example – “Archaeologists have found meteorites, microspherules, iridium and platinum anomalies, and burned charcoal-rich habitation surfaces at 11 archaeological sites of the Hopewell culture in three states stretching across the Ohio River Valley. While Hopewell people survived the catastrophic event, which occurred between 252 and 383 CE, it likely contributed to their cultural decline.” (as) Jason Colavito is critical of this claim“because the Hopewell did not enter a terminal decline after their proposed impact date of c. 255-300 CE but flourished for another 200 years.”(at)
In 1752, the French astronomer, Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, expressed the view that “However dangerous might be the shock of a comet, it might be so slight, that it would only do damage at the part of the Earth where it actually struck” and with coincidental foresight added “ Perhaps we should be very surprised to find that the debris of these masses that we despised were formed of gold and diamonds” considering how Richard Firestone and his associates more recently used the existence of nanodiamonds to confirm the cometary impact of 11,000 BC over North America.
Asteroids and comets have been blamed for the demise of Atlantis since the end of the 18th century. It was the Italian polymath, Giovanni Rinaldo Carli, who in 1788 declared that part of a passing comet hit the Earth and was responsible for the destruction of Atlantis. A century later in his second book on Atlantis, Ignatius Donnelly similarly claimed that a comet’s collision with Earth was the cause of Atlantis’ destruction(af). Comets rather than asteroids were initially blamed because of their high visibility. However, as our technology advanced and we gradually became aware of the number of large asteroids that intersect with the Earth’s orbit they replaced comets as the more likely cause of historical impacts.
For some decades, Bob Kobres has been studying the evidence for cometary encounters contained in ancient mythologies and their possible association with known events(ah) such as the creation of the Carolina Bays or the Bronze Age Collapse(ag).
The early part of the 20th century saw the eccentric William Comyns Beaumontand the mysterious Hans Schindler Bellamy both supporting the idea of Atlantis being destroyed by an encounter with an extraterrestrial object. The theory has been adopted by a growing number of popular modern writers such as Otto Muck, Egerton Sykes, Andrew Collins, Paul Dunbavin, Karl Jürgen Hepke(a), Frank Joseph explains[102.108] how a number of scholars encouraged by Muck, came forward to publicly state their belief that Atlantis had been destroyed by an extraterrestrial impact or impacts: “They included the world’s foremost authority on Halley’s Comet, Dr M.M. Kamienski, a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Professor N. Bonev, one of the 20th century’s leading astronomers at the University of Sofia, in Bulgaria; and Jack Hills, of the prestigious Los Alamos National Laboratory”.
In 1971, Sykes’ Atlantis magazine devoted an entire issue to the matter of impact craters around the globe(ak).
Emilio Spedicato of the University of Bergamo has written(b) and lectured widely on his hypothesis that the last Ice Age was started by an extraterrestrial impact over a continent and ended with a similar event over an ocean. This second impact was the cause of Atlantis’ destruction and Spedicato specifies Hispaniola as containing the location of its capital.
Spedicato is not alone in believing that impacts by large objects have been responsible for the triggering of past Ice Ages. As we have seen a large number of writers have suggested an impact with the Earth as the primary or at least the secondary cause of the destruction of Atlantis(d). These cosmic collisions have occurred throughout the history of our planet, continuing to this day. Most of the impact material is small and burns up in the atmosphere. Some low-density objects have penetrated the atmosphere but disintegrated before actually impacting, generating powerful shock waves commensurate with their size. Such an event was the well known Tunguska(i) explosion over that area of Siberia in 1908.
Commenting on the Tunguska event Stephen E. Franklin added that “Less than five hours after the Tunguska object exploded at 7:14 AM local time in Siberia, another fireball was seen over Kagarlyk near Kyiv in what is now Ukraine (then part of the Russian Empire) at around 7:00 AM local time followed by the impact of a 1.912 kg stony meteorite.”(ad)
In 2001, Dr Luigi Forschini one of the leaders of an Italian expedition to the Tunguska region studied some of the 60,000 fallen trees and for the first time, they also had access to previously untranslated eye-witness accounts. They concluded that the object had arrived from the southeast at about 11 km per second and that an investigation of its likely orbit concluded that it was more likely that the intruder had been an asteroid rather than a comet. They speculated that it was probably not much more than ‘a pile of rubble’ that broke up completely, leaving no crater(aq).
The most recent (April 2020) Tunguska theory is that it could have been caused by an iron asteroid partially entering and then leaving the atmosphere!(aj) The most bizarre Tunguska suggestion is that it was the result of experiments carried out by Nikola Tesla(al). Another claim is that a massive explosion of escaping underground gas was the culprit(am). July 1st 2021 another update on Tunguska theories revealed very little that was new(ao).
Two similar explosions occurred over South America in the 1930s(ar). However, some are large enough to survive the journey to the surface. Depending on the size, density, speed and angle of approach, the consequences of a large impact are difficult for the average person to appreciate. As Austen Atkinson wrote “A single impact by a rock the size of (London’s) Millennium Dome could devastate the surface of the globe with an explosive release of energy five times more powerful than the entire world’s nuclear arsenal. On 19 May 1996, just such an object came within 280,000 miles of Earth: six hours from a collision. Humankind could have been eradicated.”
The most famous impact is probably that which is known as the Chicxulub Event in the Yucatan took place 66 million years ago and wiped out the dinosaurs. A 2017 update on Chicxulub studies was presented(ap) at the annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union in New Orleans.
A more recent (2019) paper(ae) reports that “excavations in North Dakota reveal fossils of fish and trees that were blasted with rocky, glassy fragments that fell from the sky. The deposits show evidence also of having been swamped with water – the consequence of the colossal sea surge that was generated by the impact.”
The Yucatan impact has a rival claimant in the Indian Ocean as the dinosaur killer, known as the Shiva crater. This is claimed as the largest multi-ringed impact crater in the world(an).
11 million years later another impact in the Atlantic is credited with the expansion of the mammals according to a new study by co-author, Dennis Kent from Rutgers University.
An online calculator of impact effects was developed by scientists at Purdue University and Imperial College, London was first published in 2004 and recently updated(g).
By 2009 175 large impact craters have been discovered all over our planet, many more are undiscovered having been destroyed over time by wind and water erosion or hidden by vegetation. In 2006, a crater with a diameter of 30 km was discovered in the Southern Egyptian desert. This discovery may solve a mystery in the same region that has baffled science for over seventy years, namely, the Libyan desert glass that covers an area of 60 x 100 km. However, the largest known impact crater is the Vredefort crater in South Africa with a diameter of 300 km (186 miles). But this may have to take second place to the 300-mile wide crater identified in Hudson Bay in North America.
The spectacular collision of Comet Shoemaker-Levy with Jupiter in July 1994 and how it disintegrated into a number of huge pieces before impacting over seven days, may offer one possible explanation for the mechanism that could produce the apparent clustering of 3rd millennium BC impacts on Earth.
The current estimate is that there are more than 2,000 asteroids exceeding a kilometre in size together with 10,000 over half a kilometre plus millions of smaller items in Earth-crossing orbits; collectively known as ‘Apollo objects‘. The meteor that exploded over central Russia in February 2013 belonged to this Apollo group. Add to this the risk from comets, normally larger than asteroids, and it is obvious that large-scale impacts are inevitable, however infrequent. The good news is that in 2011 it was reported that a NASA space telescope recorded a 40% reduction in their earlier calculation(j) which should be compared with the assessment referred to(f) at the end of the last paragraph of this entry. May 2012 saw further estimates being published(l).
Terminology, definitions and number estimates are constantly changing. Asteroids that are more than 100m across with orbits that come within 7.5 million km of Earth are now referred to as PHAs (Potentially Hazardous Asteroids). As of June 2014, the IAU has listed 1,466 PHAs, while NASA estimates put the actual total in excess of 4,700(q).
As recently as 1953 an asteroid impact with the Moon was photographed as a flash and only in 2002 was the resulting 2Km- wide crater identified. The estimated energy released by this 300-metre wide object on impact would have been half a Megaton of TNT (35 times the Hiroshima bomb). A hit of this magnitude on Earth could have wiped out a large city.
It must be kept in mind that the immediate damage caused by the impact itself is only the beginning of the story; tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes together with worldwide long-term dust veils could trigger climate change leading to ongoing adverse effects on vegetation and animal life. For humans, this meant death, destruction, floods, repeated crop failures and probably a breakdown in any existing civil order.
It was as recent as the 1930s that geologists were being told that Meteor Crater in the Arizona desert was the only known evidence that an impact, with worldwide consequences, had ever taken place. The site is also known as Barringer Crater after the family who owns it.>Until recently, it held the record for largest impact crater less than 100,000 years old; it’s about 49,000 to 50,000 years old and measures 0.75 miles (1.2 km) in diameter. That is, until 2019, when the Yilan crater was discovered in China, which measures about 1.15 miles (1.85 km) across and likely formed about 46,000 to 53,000 years ago, based on radiocarbon dating of charcoal and organic lake sediments from the site, the NASA statement says(au).<
It was also in the 1930s that the first of the Apollo objects were identified. Since then, the number of large identifiable impact craters grew to hundreds and the number of Apollo objects, whose impact would have global implications, became thousands. It then became obvious that the Earth as we know it is at serious risk. World authorities are slowly realising that the probability of similar impacts in the future is simply inevitable.
Until recently, statistical analysis indicates a major impact every 10,000 years; with the last such event occurring 12,000 years ago possibly destroying Atlantis, directly or indirectly. However, in 2006, this estimate was revised downward to a major collision every 1,000 years with the last impact having taken place around 2800 BC, in the Indian Ocean, where an 18-mile diameter crater has been discovered at a depth of 12,500 feet.
However, a paper(x) published in October 2015 has suggested that a study of mass extinctions over the past 260 million years appear to have taken place every 26 million years coinciding with major asteroid/comet impacts.
So far 175 large impact craters(e) have been discovered all over our planet, many more are undiscovered having been destroyed over time by wind and water erosion or hidden by vegetation. In 2006, a crater with a diameter of 30km was discovered in the southern Egyptian desert. This discovery may solve a mystery in the same region that has baffled science for over seventy years, namely, the Libyan desert glass that covers an area of 60 x 100 km. However, the largest known impact crater is the Vredefort crater n South Africa with a diameter of 300km (186 miles). But this may have to take second place to the 300-mile wide crater identified in Hudson Bay in North America. A 2015 report tells of two impact zones that total more than 400 kilometres across, which were identified in the Warburton Basin in Central Australia(t).
Although it appears that similar suggestions have been made since the 1950s, the debate has now reached a new level. The Hudson Bay feature has generated even greater interest since Richard Firestone, a nuclear physicist together with Allen West and Simon Warwick-Smith published their claim that it was created around 11,000 BC and had human witnesses who preserved their memory of it in their local folklore and that may have been responsible for the extermination of the Clovis people(ai). Firestone’s tentative 11,000 BC date for this event is earlier than Plato’s even more questionable 9600 BC date for the destruction of Atlantis might be connected since the event described by Firestone & Co. would have had global consequences and could have affected any suggested Atlantis location. In 2007, at a news conference during the Joint Assembly of the American Geophysical Union, in Acapulco, Mexico, two archaeologists from the University of Oregon, Douglas J. Kennett and Jon M. Erlandson added geological evidence to support Firestone’s thesis. In 2008 evidence of an exploding comet/asteroid over Canada during the same period was presented(c) by other academics from the University of Cincinnati. However, it must be noted that the Firestone hypothesis has encountered some criticism since the start of 2009 and must therefore be treated with due caution. This criticism appears to be gaining support according to a May 2011 report(h). In June 2012, James Kennett, son of Douglas Kennet mentioned above, was part of a team who announced further evidence of a major impact event 13,000 years ago extending from Pennsylvania and South Carolina as far as Syria(m).
Dr Reinoud de Jonge has written several articles(d) that drew on petroglyphs in Brittany to support his contention that the Earth had an encounter with a cometary body in 2345 BC. This would appear to complement the work of Mike Baillie and George Dodwell, who echoed William Whiston’s proposed date of 2346 BC, for an encounter with a comet that caused the biblical Deluge.
Since only 30% of our globe is exposed land, it is reasonable to conclude that 70% of impacts will have landed in water, leaving little lasting evidence. However, at least ten of these identified impact craters occurred after the last Ice Age and at least seven of them date from around the third millennium BC, a period when there were widespread cultural collapses.
In a recent book the renowned dendrochronologist, Mike Baillie, has outlined compelling evidence from his discipline combined with ancient mythologies to support the idea of extraterrestrial impacts in early historical times. May I suggest that the mythologies that possibly relate to multiple impacts are in fact recollections of a comet that had been visible for some time before breaking up under the gravitational influence of our planet before impact? This idea was developed by Baillie in a subsequent book written with Patrick McCafferty that focused on Celtic mythological figures. Comets rather than asteroids are more likely to have contributed to the development of myths since an asteroid would not have been visible long enough for it to develop an identity that would be remembered in legend. Graham Phillips has gone further and proposed that a close encounter with a comet in the middle of the 2nd millennium BC triggered the development of monotheism at that time. Furthermore, he contends that as the Earth passed through this comet’s tail, it introduced large quantities of the amino acid, vasopressin that heightened aggression in humans leading to large scale conflicts worldwide. This comet, 12P/Pons-Brooks is due for another close encounter with Earth in 2024.
A 2012 paper(o) by Fernando Coimbra investigates the influence of unusual astronomical events, in particular comets, on the subject matter of rock art. An earlier paper(p) by Coimbra looks at the swastika as a specific example of a reflection of such an event.
Mythologies, worldwide, offer evidence of these impacts and have been subsequently reinforced by classical writers who describe in non-scientific terms the effects of these extraterrestrial assaults. Pliny wrote in his Natural History (Book II, sec 91) of ‘A terrible comet was seen by the people of Ethiopia and Egypt, to which Typhon, the king of that period, gave his name; it had a fiery appearance and was twisted like a coil, and it was very grim to behold: it was not really a star so much as what might be called a ball of fire.’
Similarly, the Greek myth of Phaëton has been interpreted as a record of an encounter with a comet. Edith and Alexander Tollmann also identified an 11,000 BC impact with the Köfels region of the Austrian Tyrol as one of the impact zones. The interpretation of ancient legends and myths is a matter of subjective response, but the volume of such evidence is so great that the probability of a number of major impacts being within the memory of man, who relayed the experience down to us through the medium of tradition, is quite high.
The fact that our Earth is continually at risk of a cosmic collision, the physical evidence of recent and past collisions, the recording of impacts on the Moon and Jupiter compounded with stories in ancient mythologies offer strong grounds for accepting the possibility of Atlantis being destroyed as a result of a collision with an extraterrestrial object as a credible working hypothesis.
While an asteroid impact destroying Atlantis is relatively easy to accept, some authors have proposed even more dramatic scenarios where the impact was so great that it caused the Poles to change position and/or the Earth’s outer mantle to move relative to the inner core. There is little doubt that cosmic collisions of all the possible natural catastrophes pose the greatest possible threat to life on earth. There is an interesting website(c) that discusses both catastrophes and Atlantis. Another site(e) has a small collection of images of impact craters as seen from space. 2010 produced a frightening upward reassessment of the asteroid threat(f).
In 2001, NASA(k) identified 1,000 asteroids and comets orbiting close to Earth that are capable of causing catastrophic damage to our planet in the event of a collision. An interesting map was published(n) in February 2013 showing the locations of 34,513 impacts dating back to 2300 BC.
Recent deliberate encounters with comets and asteroids have produced images and data that have raised questions about the traditional description of comets being composed of ice and rock. The lines between asteroids and comets are becoming increasingly blurred and new definitions are required(r). The trend now is to see asteroids and comets as part of a continuum. Evidence is emerging that the H20 previously associated with comets may have been OH radicals(s).
The 2014 landing on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko would appear to have destroyed the ‘dirty snowball’ description of comets, coined in 1950 by the noted astronomer, Fred Whipple, and should now be abandoned.
Although large asteroids or comets have caused and will again cause global catastrophes on a scale that we can only imagine, they are not the greatest potential threat to our existence. It is estimated that our galaxy, as in others, are also home to free-floating giant gas planets untethered to any star, which, if they wandered our way, could not only obliterate our planet but de-stabilise our solar system.(u)
Terry Westerman offers a fascinating overview of possible global impact sites on his fully illustrated website(y).
Fortunately, the death and destruction caused by comets are balanced by the probability that they are also the source of life on our planet. This idea is gaining greater acceptance with a further paper(aa) offering additional supportive evidence published in April 2016.
Nevertheless, improved vigilance is required if we are to believe Peter Brown of the University of Western Ontario, whose research in 2014 concluded(ab) that hazardous asteroids are 10 times more likely to hit Earth than previously thought!
(q) BBC Focus Magazine, July 2014, page 67.
(ak) Atlantis, Volume 24, Nos 3/4, April-July, 1971.
Graham Phillips is a British investigator with a number of books on ‘alternative history’ to his credit. One of them originally entitled Act of God was republished in the USA with the title of Atlantis and the Ten Plagues of Egypt. This 358-page volume contains just TWO pages on Atlantis where the author suggests that the 2nd millennium BC eruption of Thera was the cause of the destruction of Atlantis. This unscrupulous retitling is a sad reflection on the standards of the American publishers.
>In 2004, Phillips published Templars and of the Ark of the Covenant in which the promotional blurb claims that he has “compelling evidence that the Knights Templar may have taken the Ark of the Covenant to the British Isles” and “offers compelling documentation that the Ark may be located in the English countryside, not far from the birthplace of William Shakespeare at Stratford-upon-Avon.” I note the repeated use of the word ‘may’.<
His most recent book offers evidence of a close encounter between the earth and a comet in 1485 BC that produced an apparition that may have appeared twenty times the size of a full moon. Phillips claims that it had a profound effect on those that witnessed it and led to widespread forms of monotheism, including that of Moses and Akhenaten. What is even more radical is his claim that the comet’s tail contained an amino acid such as vasopressin that can make humans more aggressive and which led to a simultaneous outbreak of wars in many parts of the world between nations that had previously lived in harmony with each other. This particular aggressive phase appears to have subsided after a period of about ten years.
>His most recent (2019) offering, Wisdomkeepers of Stonehenge has a different approach to understanding Stonehenge, as explained by the cover notes “Graham argues that, with stones aligned to the sun, stars, and positions of the moon, stone circles were not just astronomical calendars, as some scholars have proposed, but were part of an elaborate system to determine precise timings necessary for the cultivation of medicinal plants. The Druids, he reveals, had medical knowledge well beyond their time, and may even have found a cure for cancer. Graham also discovers that the Megalithic people developed phenomenal memory techniques, resulting in a priesthood that became both the guardians of the stone circles and the living libraries of inherited knowledge. Wisdomkeepers of Stonehenge uncovers the long-forgotten secrets of the Megalithic people and the true extent of their astonishing achievements: a vast network of monuments, as important to the ancient peoples of the British Isles as the internet is for us today. The true purpose of Stonehenge is ultimately revealed. It was not just a religious monument, but served a vital, practical function – as a prehistoric healthcare facility.”<
Graham Phillips has also an official website(a).
The Identity of the Atlanteans has produced a range of speculative suggestions nearly as extensive as that of the proposed locations for Plato’s lost island. However, it is highly probable that we already know who the Atlanteans were, but under a different name.
The list below includes some of the more popular suggestions and as such is not necessarily exhaustive. While researchers have proposed particular locations for Atlantis, not all have identified an archaeologically identified culture to go with their chosen location. The problem is that most of the places suggested have endured successive invasions over the millennia by different peoples.
It would seem therefore that the most fruitful approach to solving the problem of identifying the Atlanteans would be to first focus on trying to determine the date of the demise of Atlantis. This should reduce the number of possible candidates, making it easier to identify the Atlanteans.
A final point to consider is that the historical Atlanteans were a military alliance, and as such may have included more than one or none of those listed here. The mythological Atlanteans, who included the five sets of male twins and their successors would be expected to share a common culture, whereas military coalitions are frequently more disparate.
Basques: William Lewy d’Abartiague, Edward Taylor Fletcher
Maltese: Anton Mifsud, Francis Xavier Aloisio, Kevin Falzon, Bibischok, Joseph Bosco, David Calvert-Orange, Giorgio Grongnet de Vasse, Albert Nikas, Joseph S. Ellul, Francis Galea, Tammam Kisrawi, Charles Savona-Ventura, Hubert Zeitlmair.
Maya: Robert B. Stacy-Judd, Charles Gates Dawes, Colin Wilson, Adrian Gilbert, L. M. Hosea, Augustus le Plongeon, Teobert Maler, Joachim Rittstieg, Lewis Spence, Edward Herbert Thompson, Jean-Frédérick de Waldeck,
Minoans: K.T. Frost, James Baikie, Walter Leaf, Edwin Balch, Donald A. Mackenzie, Ralph Magoffin, Spyridon Marinatos, Georges Poisson, Wilhelm Brandenstein, A. Galanopoulos, J. G. Bennett, Rhys Carpenter, P.B.S. Andrews, Edward Bacon, Willy Ley, J.V. Luce, James W. Mavor, Henry M. Eichner, Prince Michael of Greece, Nicholas Platon, N.W. Tschoegl, Richard Mooney, Rupert Furneaux, Martin Ebon, Francis Hitching, Charles Pellegrino, Rodney Castleden, Graham Phillips, Jacques Lebeau, Luana Monte, Fredrik Bruins, Gavin Menzies, Lee R. Kerr, Daniel P. Buckley.
>Sea Peoples: Wilhelm Christ, Jürgen Spanuth, Spyridon Marinatos, Rainer W. Kühne, John V. Luce, Theodor Gomperz, Herwig Görgemanns , Tony O’Connell, Sean Welsh, Thorwald C. Franke, Werner Wickboldt.<
The Ark of the Covenant is one of the most enduring mysteries that originated in the Old Testament. It was recorded there, in great detail (Exod.25:10-22; 37:1-9), how the Ark was constructed to house the tablets of stone inscribed with the Ten Commandments given to Moses. King Solomon built the First Jerusalem Temple with the primary purpose of providing a suitable home for the Ark. Sometime before the 6th century BC the Ark disappeared and so for at least two and a half millennia, the search for it has been ongoing.
Alfred de Grazia has written at length about the electrical properties of the Ark in his book, God’s Fire . This suggestion of Mosaic electricity can be traced back to 1913 when Nikola Tesla wrote “…Moses was undoubtedly a practical and skilful electrician far in advance of his time. The Bible describes precisely, and minutely, arrangements constituting a machine in which electricity was generated by the friction of air against silk curtains, and stored in a box constructed like a condenser. It is very plausible to assume that the sons of Aaron were killed by a high-tension discharge and that the vestal fires of the Romans were electrical” (p).
>More recently, in response to a claim from Scott Wolter, a controversial TV host(z), that the Ark had been used to power the Great Pyramid, Jason Colavito offered a paper in which this suggestion of the Ark as an electrical device can be traced back as far as speculation in the 17th and 18th centuries(aa).<
In 2016, David Hatcher Childress, in Ark of God , repeated old speculation that the Ark was capable of flight and proposed it as an example of ancient technology! This flight capability or at least levitation(u) is also suggested by Laurence Gardner .
In 1982, Yehuda Getz, the rabbi in charge of Jerusalem’s Wailing Wall claimed to know the Ark’s location to within 2 or 3 metres, under the Dome of the Rock and the al-Aqsa Mosque. Political considerations have prevented any excavation at the site(d). The late Ron Wyatt also claimed to have discovered the Ark in 1982, under the old city of Jerusalem(f). A 2017 claim is that the Ark is situated near Jerusalem at Kiryat Ye’arim, where excavations will begin soon(g).
One of the best-known books recounting a personal search for the Ark in modern times was by Graham Hancock in the shape of The Sign and the Seal , which ended with a frustrated author outside a church in Axum, Ethiopia. Oddly, Hancock touches on the subject of Atlantis in this book (p.319) where he dismisses the idea of an Atlantic home for Atlantis.
Hancock’s experiences in Ethiopia were repeated by Paul Raffaele and recounted in a 2007 article in the Smithsonian Magazine(b). However, there is a short report(c) that in 1869, Isaac de Karpet, Armenian Patriarch of the library of the monastery of St. James in Jerusalem, along with his brother Dimoteo Sapritchian, gained access to the church in Axum thanks to the intervention of the Abyssinian crown prince Kasa. They concluded that the ‘Ark’ in the church were wooden tablets (tabots) inscribed with the Ten Commandments dating from the 13th or 14th centuries AD.
The de Karpet report was recently echoed by an account(m) of the inside of the Aksum church having been seen by one Edward Ullendorff during WW2 and who much later gave an interview to the Los Angeles Times in 1992, in which he revealed that there was only a replica of the ‘Ark’, which is to be found in churches throughout Ethiopia. Shortly before that, Roderick Grierson & Stuart Munro-Hay published The Ark of the Covenant , which focuses on Aksum.
Professor Tudor Parfitt embarked on a quest for the Ark , which took him halfway around the world, ending up with the Lemba people of southern Africa, who claim to be Jewish. These people also claim to possess the Ark, although in the form of a modest drum-like object known as ngoma currently in a museum in Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe. Parfitt concluded that ngoma was dated to around 1350 AD and as such “it is almost certainly the oldest wooden artefact ever found in sub-Saharan Africa”. Parfitt suggests that this ngoma was intended to replace an earlier Ark and was preserved by the Lemba for 700 years.
A recent website article(a) offers newly discovered evidence for considering Yemen as the hiding place of the Ark. However, closer to home we have a book by Graham Phillips suggesting that the Ark had been brought back to England, to Temple Herdewyke, near Stratford-upon-Avon. He partly bases this idea on the work of Jacob Cove-Jones, a British historian(e), who died before he could complete his quest for the Ark.
Other suggested locations include Mount Pisgah in Jordan(h), East Prussia(i) and Ireland’s Hill of Tara(j). The fruitless excavations at Tara around 1900 by British-Israelites is now recounted in a recent book by Mairéad Carew .
Expanding the possible locations further west is the suggestion by J. Chamberlain, following the theories of J.P. Noel(l) who proposed in a convoluted tale, that St. Croix in the Caribbean U.S. Virgin Islands as the final resting place of the Ark .
Equally entertaining is the hint from the late Philip Coppens that the Bugarach mountain, near the Rennes-le-Chateau, was also, through rumour, the location of the ‘Ark’. In a colourful article Coppens, links, President Mitterrand, Nazis, Mossad and Steven Spielberg(k). Coppens has also written an interesting article about a failed attempt to locate the Ark led by a Finnish scholar, Valter H. Juvelius (1865-1922) under the Temple Mount in Jerusalem(q).
Many other books and TV documentaries charting the search for the Ark continue to be produced. However, there is also another trend becoming more obvious, which is that there is an increasing number of instances, particularly on the Internet, of the Ark being linked to Atlantis. There is, of course, no evidence ever offered to support such speculation. One of the most recent of these is Opening the Ark of the Covenant, co-authored by Frank Joseph, where he traces the Ark back to Atlantis!
There are probably few people that don’t accept that the Ark had been a real artefact, while many doubt the reality of Atlantis. It is possible that by linking the two, authors hope to achieve credibility transference from one to the other!
The linking of the Ark with Atlantis is not uncommon but the level of b.s. sometimes used to describe this association can be breathtaking, as this excerpt demonstrates – “Yes, there were a number of The ARKS OF THE COVENANT IN THE MIDDLE EAST. THEY HAD COME FROM ATLANTEAN technology that was passed on to the Egpytian mystery schools. Some were built as light therapy healing machines, and other Arks were generators and communication devices between flying saucers and temples priest and technicians. And by tuning up the power of certain designed ARKS you also had some most powerful LASERS and power beaming instruments which can start earthquakes and destructive energy of modern HARP TYPE LASERS (LAZERS). The Ark of the Covenant was designed to do multiple functions? The is what made it extra valuable to the Egpytians as to the Hebrews. It is said by the time of Jesua, the Jewish priesthood had forgotten how to use the ARK for power. but Jesua intuitively knew how to use the ARK, AND activated it while on the cross to manifest a vortex vibration from it, and cause an earthquake with it, while on the Cross to make a demonstration.”(r).
Spencer Alexander McDaniel, an American researcher, has published a lengthy article about the Ark and concluded that while it is possible that it did exist, it is unlikely, for a number of reasons, that it survived(n). McDaniel is an Atlantis sceptic, who has suggested that it was the destruction of Helike that possibly inspired Plato to invent the story(o).
2022 began with a report that Uri Geller had announced that “he had discovered the location of the Ark of the Covenant while dowsing on the ground floor of his new museum of himself in Jaffa”.(v) Obviously, he declined to reveal the exact site, knowing that he can milk this claim for more free publicity. In 2021, he purchased the Scottish Lamb Island, because of its connection with the Giza pyramids(w). He ended the year with the claim that aliens are due to arrive soon after thousands of years of contact(x). So far the prankster(y) has avoided the subject of Atlantis.
(c) See: Archive 2479
(d) Brisbane Courier Mail, 29th January 1992
(k) Atlantis Rising, No. 88, July/August 2011
Stonehenge is part of what is now arguably the most extensive and complex megalithic site in Europe. It was actually purchased in 1915 for a sum equivalent today (2020) to £680,000 by Cecil Chubb, who later gave it to the nation(aa).
Professor Howard Goldbaum’s excellent website on Irish megaliths recounts that “According to legend the monument was once situated in Co. Kildare, southwest of Dublin. As explained by Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1100 – c. 1155), Merlin the magician moved Stonehenge from Ireland to England to serve as a memorial for the hundreds of Britons treacherously slain by the Saxons during a truce meeting on Salisbury Plain. In this story, which Geoffrey claimed was based on an older work he had found, King Ambrosium Aurelianus (uncle of King Arthur) wanted to build a memorial for his dead warriors which would last forever, but his builders could think of no way of doing it. Merlin provided the solution: go to Ireland and bring back the one that’s there.”(bw)
Two depictions of Stonehenge exist which go back as far as medieval times, with a third recently added by Professor Christian Heck(ai). Sometimes claimed to have been known in medieval times as Chorea Giganticum. Little serious study of the monument was undertaken until the 17th-century antiquarians, and predecessors of archaeologists took an interest.
“In the 17th century, archaeologist John Aubrey made the claim that Stonehenge was the work of the Celtic high priests known as the Druids, a theory widely popularised by the antiquarian William Stukeley , who had unearthed primitive graves at the site” (Wikipedia).(ci)
What is not generally known is that the monument has been subjected to numerous ‘restorations’ over the past hundred years and what we see today is actually a 20th-century vision of the original site. One website(au) shows a large series of images recording some of these renovations. There is evidence that at least one stone was re-erected a metre and a half from its original position.
Photos from 1867 show parts of Stonehenge, before later ‘restorations’ altered their earlier positions(ax), originally released by the UK’s Ordnance Survey(ay). In the course of the 1958 restoration, Robert Phillips had to remove a cylindrical core from Stone 58, which he kept. 60 years later the core was returned enabling geochemical tests to be carried out(cb). This was most fortunate as Stonehenge’s protected status would not permit a core to be removed today.
New technology has now revealed the existence of another henge less than a kilometre from Stonehenge (BBC Focus October 2010). We were next presented with evidence that an early form of ball bearings may have been used to move the large stones of which the monument was constructed(d). Other recent discoveries in the vicinity include the 3,550-year-old skeleton of a teenage boy buried with a rare amber necklace – a clear indication of status. Furthermore, dental analysis revealed that he had come from the Mediterranean region.
In 2019, the UK’s Independent newspaper published a report, which claimed that “The ancestors of the Britons who built Stonehenge were farmers who had travelled from an area near modern Turkey, arriving around 4000 BC, and who rapidly replaced local hunter-gatherer populations, according to new research.”(bo)
Stonehenge is not the only site to have its area of interest expanded in recent years. The 2018 drought in Ireland and the UK had produced evidence of a previously unknown henge situated not too far from Newgrange, Ireland’s best-known megalithic site(az). This new location has been dubbed ‘dronehenge’. Anthony Murphy, one of its discoverers, has written about the story of its discovery.
Similar sites have been revealed throughout these islands as a result of the current (July 2018) dry period.
October 2015 gave us a report(ad) that a semi-permanent structure was discovered about a mile east of Stonehenge and dated to be 1,300 years earlier than the more famous megalithic edifice.
The two big questions relating to Stonehenge are its exact purpose and the method of construction.
Allied to that is the question of how the ‘bluestones’ were transported from Wales. Was it by humans or glaciers(aj). However, an early theory proposed that the ‘bluestones’ were deposited by glaciers much closer to the Stonehenge site. This idea was quickly debunked but has once again surfaced in a new book by Brian John(bt).
What may have been a much earlier precursor to Stonehenge’s calendrical features, tentatively dated as 10,000 years old, has been identified in Scotland’s Aberdeenshire(f). This is now arguably the world’s oldest lunar calendar, although an incised stone found in southern Italy has now been put forward(bg) with a similar claim. I doubt that the Guinness Book of Records will be adjudicating on this one.
We were next presented with evidence that an early form of ball-bearing may have been used to move the large stones of which the monument was constructed(d). Stone balls, some intricately carved, were also discovered near megalithic monuments in Scotland, while in Malta, stone balls have been found in the vicinity of the ancient temples there – some still in situ under the stones.
Keith Critchlow in his fully illustrated Time Stands Still claims that the carved stones found in Scotland display knowledge of Platonic solids a thousand years before Plato!
Michael Poynder has noted that plain balls were also found at the Loughcrew site in Ireland . Even more intriguing, is that a similarly carved stone ball was discovered at Tiwanaku in Bolivia, which Hugh Newman has drawn attention to in a YouTube video(bi)!
In 2004, Gordon Pipes put forward a radical new ‘stone-rowing’ method of construction(ac), which requires minimal manpower and equipment. In 2009, Pipes expanded on this idea in book form .
Some years later Steven Tasker put forward an alternative transportation theory that he claims could have been used to move the Stonehenge monoliths from Wales and goes as far as to suggest that the ancient Egyptians may have used a similar method to move the blocks for the pyramids(cc).
The Ancient-Wisdom.com website has an interesting item regarding the use of balls and tracks in 1770 to shift very heavy weights, noting that “The largest stone ever (recently) recorded to have been moved purely by human power alone is the famous ‘Thunder Stone’ from Russia, which was moved to St. Petersburg from the Gulf of Finland. It was rolled along on small balls placed on a track (Only 100m in length) at a rate of 150m per day.”(ba)(bb).
In 2019, archaeologists at Newcastle University put forward the idea that lard (pig fat) had been used to grease the sledges that were used to transport the huge stones(bh). “Fat residues on shards of pottery found at Durrington Walls, near Stonehenge, have long been assumed to be connected with feeding the many hundreds of people that came from across Britain to help construct the ancient monument. But a new analysis by archaeologists at Newcastle University in the UK suggests that because the fragments came from dishes that would have been the size and shape of buckets, not cooking or serving dishes, they could have been used for the collection and storage of tallow – a form of animal fat.“
More discoveries are expected as investigations continue. In 2014, it was announced that although most attention is focused on the rising sun at the summer solstice, it is now thought that Stonehenge was more likely to have been concerned with the midwinter setting sun(m). This opinion has been voiced by many, including archaeologist Anthony Johnson in his Solving Stonehenge [1794.253].
Another form of solar association was put forward some years ago by John Ivimy (1911- ) in his first book The Sphinx and the Megaliths , in which he proposed “that Stonehenge was in fact an Egyptian colony, established for political reasons by the priests of the sun god Ra.”
It is worth mentioning that as early as 1906, Norman Lockyer (1836-1920), a respected scientist and amateur astronomer raised the possibility that Stonehenge had astronomical significance(bq). Wikipedia noted that “Lockyer is among the pioneers of archaeoastronomy. Travelling in 1890 in Greece he noticed the east-west orientation of many temples, in Egypt he found orientation of temples to sunrise at midsummer and towards Sirius. Assuming orientation of the Heel-Stone of Stonehenge to sunrise at midsummer he calculated the construction of the monument to have taken place in 1680 BC. Radiocarbon dating in 1952 gave a date of 1800 BC.”
In the 1960s, it was Gerald Hawkins who set a cat among the pigeons with the publication of his Stonehenge Decoded +. in which he proposed that the monument was in fact used as an astronomical computer. Many of the leading astronomers and archaeologists of the day offered apoplectic responses. Hawkins went as far as to suggest that the 56 Aubrey Holes at Stonehenge functioned as eclipse predictors, an idea endorsed by Fred Hoyle . How this can be achieved is outlined on the internet(by). I am reminded that one of the suggested functions of the Antikythera Mechanism was predicting eclipses(bz).
Another theory has recently been advanced by Thomas O. Mills which suggests that Stonehenge was aligned with the position of the North Pole as it was situated around 10,000 BC, as proposed earlier by Charles Hapgood.(u)
Paul D. Burley has published a two-part paper(q)(r) on Stonehenge, which draws attention to the fact that most commentators have focused on the solar or lunar significance of the site’s alignments which he feels is in stark contrast to other European megalithic monuments that would appear to have been designed with stellar alignments in mind. Burley is the author of Stonehenge: As Above, So Below.
In 1995 Duncan Steel suggested in his book, Rogue Asteroids and Doomsday Comets , that Stonehenge I had been constructed as a predictor of the Earth’s intersection with the path of a comet and its attendant debris, which had a 19-year periodicity(x).
Graham Philips in his most recent (2019) offering, Wisdomkeepers of Stonehenge has a different approach to understanding Stonehenge, as explained by the cover notes “Graham argues that, with stones aligned to the sun, stars, and positions of the moon, stone circles were not just astronomical calendars, as some scholars have proposed, but were part of an elaborate system to determine precise timings necessary for the cultivation of medicinal plants. The Druids, he reveals, had medical knowledge well beyond their time, and may even have found a cure for cancer. Graham also discovers that the Megalithic people developed phenomenal memory techniques, resulting in a priesthood that became both the guardians of the stone circles and the living libraries of inherited knowledge. Wisdom keepers of Stonehenge uncover the long-forgotten secrets of the Megalithic people and the true extent of their astonishing achievements: a vast network of monuments, as important to the ancient peoples of the British Isles as the internet is for us today. The true purpose of Stonehenge is ultimately revealed. It was not just a religious monument, but served a vital, practical function – as a prehistoric healthcare facility.”
It was a pleasant change when in March 2022 Professor Timothy Darvill of Bournemouth University offered the results of a new analysis of Stonehenge’s intended function, which is much simpler and arguably more credible than some of the suggestions noted above. Darvill claims that the site was a calendar based on a tropical year of 365.25 days. “The proposed calendar works in a very straightforward way. Each of the 30 stones in the sarsen circle represents a day within a month, itself divided into three weeks each of 10 days,” said Professor Darvill, noting that distinctive stones in the circle mark the start of each week.(ce)
Stonehenge, among other megalithic structures, has been linked by various writers with Plato’s Atlantis. One extreme example of this, from John Nichols, is the suggestion that if the number of Aubrey Holes, 56, is multiplied by the diameter of the Aubrey Circle we get 16,200 feet which is “the exact diameter of Plato’s Atlantis”.(bv) Now, a ten-minute search on the Internet reveals FIVE different figures for the diameter of the Circle, ranging from 271.6’ to 288’. Combining that with the uncertainty attached to the value of the unit of measurement employed by Plato, it is clear that any claim of a connection between the Aubrey Holes and Atlantis is at best tenuous and at worst foolish.
Jürgen Spanuth suggested that the five trilithons “most probably represented five sets of twins.” [0015.85], an idea echoed later by Dieter Braasch(as). Spanuth was adamant that a commonly held view linking Stonehenge with Hyperborea was incorrect as Hyperboreans had come from Jutland.
Two Swedish researchers, Nils-Axel Mörner & Bob G. Lind have proposed(bm) that the Ales Stones in Sweden were built with the same basic geometry and using the megalithic yard as a standard of measure as Stonehenge.
The late Philip Coppens echoed(b) the views of a fellow Belgian, Marcel Mestdagh, that there might be a connection between monuments within the Stonehenge Heritage Site and Atlantis, namely Woodhenge, which comprised of posts arranged in six concentric circles. The suggestion is that this arrangement is in some manner a reflection of the concentric features in Atlantis described by Plato. I can only consider this to be highly speculative, somewhat akin to the suggestion(c) that Stonehenge I was an earthquake predictor.
>In March 2015, the UK’s MailOnline published an article(ch) concerning some sites with unexplained concentric circles in China’s Gobi Desert. The article notes some superficial similarities with Stonehenge. Paolo Marini . also claimed that the concentric circles of Atlantis are reflected in the layout of Stonehenge! In 2011, Shoji Yoshinori suggested that Stonehenge was a 1/24thscale model of Atlantis(cg). He includes a fascinating image in the pdf.<
For those interested, a recently reconstructed German counterpart of Woodhenge has the original dated to 2300 BC(aq). A Portuguese ‘woodhenge’ was reported in 2020(bk), which is thought to be the work of the Bell Beaker people (3500 – 2000 BC).
However, in the meanwhile we will have to be content with a recent book by Professor Mike Parker-Pearson, Stonehenge: Exploring the Greatest Stone Age Mystery , which includes all the discoveries revealed by the recent ten years of investigation.
A 2014 offering from Professor David P. Gregg, The Stonehenge Codes , throws further light on the mathematics used for the building and development of Stonehenge over a 1500-year period was consistently the same polygon geometry. Gregg has also identified an earlier Babylonian influence. His book has considerable numerical content that many will find heavy going. The text of the book is available online(j). The July 2014 edition of the BBC Focus magazine offers evidence that the history of the Stonehenge location can be traced to nearer the end of the Ice Age.
It has been generally accepted for many years that the bluestones (spotted dolerites) at Stonehenge had been brought from the Preseli Mountains of Wales. Now (Nov.2013) evidence has been presented that identifies the precise outcrop, Carn Goedog, as their source(h).
However, in November 2015, a report threw doubt on the existence of a Neolithic quarry in the Preseli Hills(ag). Confusingly, the following month it was reported(ah) that studies carried out in Wales suggested that the stones had been erected there first before their transportation to Wiltshire. In May 2016 the controversial matter of the method of transportation from Wales was claimed to have been resolved when it was demonstrated by students from University College London, supervised by Parker-Pearson that the bluestones could have been mounted on a sycamore sleigh and dragged along timbers requiring far less effort than was previously expected.(ao) Parker-Pearson believes that originally the stones had been part of a Welsh tomb that was dismantled and brought to Wiltshire as the successors migrated westward(ap). There is now a search underway to locate the site of the original monument in Wales.
In 2004, Jennifer Viegas from Discovery News (June 14) suggested that Stonehenge had been built by Welshmen based on remains found in builders’ graves found close to Stonehenge(bx).
A further twist to the Welsh connection was proposed in a 2021 paper(bs), again in Antiquity, when a team of archaeologists proposed that the Stonehenge bluestones may have been taken from one or more pre-existing stone circles. One candidate is to be found at the remains of the dismantled Waun Mawn circle in the Preseli Hills(be). A few years ago Robin Heath published Proto Stonehenge in Wales which expanded on the Welsh connection.
Parker-Pearson published a paper in the February 2019 edition of Antiquity in which he reports on his research at the Welsh site, where he found some of the tools used to extract the pillars and determined the method of transportation(bc).
The transportation question received new attention with a study which suggested that “to move these stones such long distances, the builders likely manoeuvred them onto timber sledges and rolled these over logs,” using pig fat as a lubricant to minimise the friction between the sled and the logs. It is suggested that ceramic vessels, with high concentrations of pig fat, found on-site at Durrington Walls, may have been used to collect fat from the carcasses as they were roasted on a spit, which was then stored as lard or tallow! (bf) My question is, how many pigs are needed to grease a path for a stone from Wales to Stonehenge?
Further investigation has produced the claim by Paul Devereux that the rock there was chosen because of its acoustic qualities(I), raising the possibility that Stonehenge was the site of the first ‘rock’ concert. A more wide-ranging essay on the subject of archaeoacoustics is available online(ak). Robert Hensey notes [1766.40] that acoustic experiments have been carried out inside Newgrange and Cairns I & L at Loughcrew, while in the Orkneys, Aaron Watson and David Keating have investigated sound effects at two passage tombs.
>According to Trevor Cox, professor of acoustic engineering at England’s Salford University, the neolithic temple (of Stonehenge) had unique properties capable of significantly altering and amplifying speech and musical sounds(cf).<
After centuries of being described as one of the wonders of the megalithic world, the construction skills of Stonehenge’s builders have been harshly criticised by Professor Ronald Hutton of Bristol University, who went as far as to describe them as ‘cowboy builders’(n).
In 2012, Gordon Freeman, a Canadian scientist, published Hidden Stonehenge in which he offers an extensive study of a native American “medicine wheel” in Alberta and compares its astronomical alignments with that of Stonehenge, revealing ‘incredible’ similarities(bu). . His book highlights the use of sophisticated astronomical knowledge at both locations, in the very distant past suggesting cultural links millennia before Columbus!
A somewhat cruder but equally effective winter solstice alignment was recently identified in the Chilean Andes(aw).
A site in Australia discovered in the first half of the last century by Frederic Slater (President of the Australian Archaeological Society) and dubbed ‘Australia’s Stonehenge’ was bulldozed in 1940 on the orders of the Australian Government! The location, obviously, never as impressive as its namesake on Salisbury Plain, has been again identified and using drawings made over seventy years ago has enabled a computer-generated image of the site to be made(t). A father and son team, Steven & Evan Strong have recently relocated to the damaged site(af).
In May 2013, Melville Nicholls published a Kindle ebook, Children of the Sea God, in which he argues strongly for a Stonehenge built by Atlanteans, better known as the Bell Beaker People!
Robert John Langdon has now proposed(g) that Stonehenge was constructed by megalith builders, around 8500 BC, who had migrated from Doggerland/Atlantis as it became submerged and that the Altar Stone at Stonehenge points to Doggerland! Langdon is highly critical of the generally accepted interpretation of various features found at Stonehenge, listing13 items that he claims “don’t make sense”(bp).
Shoji Yoshinori has suggested that Stonehenge was intended as a model of Atlantis(k), as had also the late Philip Coppens(b).
It is quite obvious that more convincing evidence is required if any claim of a Stonehenge/Atlantis connection is to gain greater traction. In 2018, David L. Hildebrandt published Atlantis – The Awakening , in which he has endeavoured to do just that with a mass of material that he claims supports the idea of Atlantis in Britain and Stonehenge as the remnants of the Temple of Poseidon. He suggests that the five trilithons represent the five sets of male twins, an idea voiced by Jürgen Spanuth and more recently by Dieter Braasch. Even earlier George H. Cooper proposed Stonehenge as the Pillars of Herakles. I am not convinced by the spirited defence of his hypothesis, as I consider his date too early and the location too far from Athens or Egypt to consider them to be within ‘easy striking distance’ for the purpose of invasion.
>Jürgen Spanuth claimed that “Among the racecourses of the Bronze Age still in existence today must be counted the stone circle of Stonehenge which must have been erected by men of the Atlantean culture many centuries before the Atlantis report was written. The racecourse at Stonehenge, in its original, immense dimensions, cannot be an imitation of a Greek stadium.” [017.126]<
As recent as the summer of 2014 evidence was accidentally discovered(o) that suggested that the Stonehenge megalithic stones form a complete circle. Commenting on the discovery Susan Greaney from English Heritage said “A lot of people assume we’ve excavated the entire site and everything we’re ever going to know about the monument is known, but actually there’s quite a lot we still don’t know and there’s quite a lot that can be discovered just through non-excavation methods.” An extensive digital mapping project carried out at Stonehenge by researchers from the University of Birmingham and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Vienna has revealed, “that the area around Stonehenge is teeming with previously unseen archaeology and that the application of new technology can transform how archaeologists and the wider public understand one of the best-studied landscapes on Earth.”(p)
December 2014 saw an encampment site just 1.5 miles from Stonehenge has its date confirmed at around 4000 BC(s).
Marden Henge, situated between Stonehenge and Avebury is reckoned to be ten times bigger than Stonehenge and has now (2015) seen the start of a three-year, £1,00,000, dig by 80 archaeologists hoping to unlock its secrets(a). Dr Jim Leary, a leading archaeologist working at the site is convinced that Marden may turn out to be more significant than Stonehenge(w).
Earlier in 2015 Tim Daw, a steward at the Stonehenge site claimed that he had discovered a previously unknown alignment, involving a line of stones at 80 degrees to the axis of the monument. His theory is that the tallest stone at Stonehenge points towards the midsummer sunset and has been observed to be correct(v).
>Some years ago a University of Manchester team led by Professor Julian Thomas explained that “The Stonehenge Cursus is a 100-metre wide mile-long area which runs about 500 metres north of Stonehenge.” which we have now “dated at about 3,500 years BC – 500 years older than the circle itself.”(ca)<
The archaeological importance of Stonehenge was boosted further in September 2015 with the announcement that a line of nearly 100 buried stones had been discovered just a mile away, beside the Durrington Walls ‘superhenge’(y). There are images available, including a short video clip relating to this new discovery(z). Subsequent excavations revealed no stones, but 90 holes that had held wooden posts.(bn)
In June 2020, the significance of Durrington was greatly enhanced by the revelation that adjacent to the ‘Walls’ is a series of shafts five metres deep and ten metres in diameter. The shafts are arranged in a circle having a diameter of 1.2 miles. The site is 1.9 miles northeast of Stonehenge(bj). Further comment was published in November 2021(cd).
In November 2015, the New York Times published an updated overview(ae) of the various excavations that have taken place in the vicinity of Stonehenge.
Sarah Ewbank has now offered us a fascinating new theory regarding the original purpose and plan of Stonehenge. In a fully illustrated website(al) she reveals that the structure was conceived as “a ‘Cathedral-like’ building with a massive oak-framed roof, and a huge hall at its centre.”
Further discoveries are listed on the Heritage England website(ab). What is not listed there is the information that Stonehenge was constructed by giants on the instruction of the Devil! This b.s. tidbit was imparted to us in April 2016 by Dr Dennis Lindsay on the TV show of disgraced US evangelist Jim Bakker(am). Another blog from Jason Colavito exposed further Stonehenge nonsense, this time from New Zealander, Ted Harper, who has recently claimed that the Wiltshire monument together with the Great Pyramid, both warn of a meteor strike in 2020.
Theories relating to Stonehenge and Atlantis seem to proliferate at comparable rates. In a new book, The Memory Code , by Lynne Kelly, she proposes that the Wiltshire monument is a giant mnemonic(ar) and that other megalithic sites also were.
July 2017, saw a BBC review of the recent acceptance of Stonehenge as just a part of a huge complex of monuments, with a hint of more to come(at).
In June 2019, Dr Christophe Snoeck, a Belgian archaeological scientist offered evidence for the origins of some of the cremated human remains discovered at Stonehenge. “During his doctoral research, he developed a method to extract information about the geographical origin of cremated individuals.“ This method, he says, “was applied to 25 cremated individuals from Stonehenge and our results show that 40% (10 out of 25 analysed individuals) did not live near Stonehenge in the last decade or so prior to their deaths but came from further away. Some might actually have originated from west Wales where the bluestones came from, some 250 km away,” he adds. “This shows the importance of the site in the British landscape during the Neolithic period.” (bd) Italian scientists have also been working on new ways of gleaning information from cremated remains(be).
In 2020, it was announced that acoustic engineers from the University of Salford had demonstrated that Stonehenge had acoustic qualities that allowed “any sounds produced inside the temple would have been much less audible to anybody outside the circle, despite the monument almost certainly not having a roof.
The findings, therefore, suggest that any sounds generated by activities carried out inside the circle were not intended to be shared with the wider community. This reinforces theories suggesting that the potential religious activities conducted inside Stonehenge were reserved for an elite of practitioners, rather than for a wider communal congregation.”(bl)
+ Available online: https://archive.org/details/stonehengedecode00gera/mode/2up
(a) Daily Express, Fri. June 19, 2015
(b) See Archive 2140
(e) See: Archive 2211 (text only) *
(j) https://www.stonehenge-codes.org/StonehengeCodesFinal-2012.pdf (link broken)
(m) BBC Focus Magazine, July 2014, p.51
(x) See Archive 2657
(ai) See Archive 2832 | <urn:uuid:53eee954-5113-43c2-95fb-5c8d22f278ae> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atlantipedia.ie/samples/tag/graham-phillips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.964426 | 14,855 | 4.21875 | 4 |
Thanksgiving Fire Prevention and Restoration
Thanksgiving Fire Prevention and Restoration are The essentials to know right now. Before you solidify your menu or shop for your groceries, read this.
According to National Fire Prevention Association, and the Tennessee Department of Commerce & Insurance Thanksgiving is the number one day of the year for housefires.
Among the most common causes are:
- Children in Kitchen
We hope you take every precaution this Thanksgiving and protect your family and your home.
Here is an example of a kitchen fire caught quickly.
These homeowners were only in their newly built home a few months before their cooking grease reached a combustible temperature one evening. It’s been 6 months since the fire. While the cleanup and odor removal only took a few days, the replacement materials have been delayed several times. They hope to have it all back in place by Thanksgiving, but mostly, this family is thankful for their lives. It could have been so much worse.
If you suffer a loss this holiday, we will care for you as if you are family.
Independent Restoration Services Steps For Restoring Your Home After Fire Loss:
- Find source and non-salvageable items.
- Document the loss (both structure and contents).
- Pack out salvageable contents.
- Demo structure where materials cannot be cleaned.
- Run equipment to dry/Extract odor.
- Clean all of the surfaces with smoke damage.
- Clean contents to pre-loss condition.
- Move contents back into home.
- Enjoy your restored space.
Additionally, our staff of insurance specialists know exactly what your insurance company needs from you. Our detailed documentation procedures will help you prepare for your insurance claim. You won’t have to worry one bit about that part. | <urn:uuid:4d7ae2fd-bad5-4ae4-8af5-d93aaf30e0d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://irs-615.com/thanksgiving-fire-prevention-and-restoration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944824 | 370 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Whether you’re new to kayaking or are already an experienced paddler in either fresh or saltwater, you may be wondering if there’s any difference between sea and river kayaks.
Kayaks all look pretty much the same, so are these two kayaks different in any way? Can you use a sea kayak in a river and vice versa?
These are common questions, and good ones at that. Sea kayaks and regular kayaks look very similar. However, they do have subtle differences that make them suited to their environments.
In this article, we’ll be looking at what defines a sea kayak, what defines a river kayak, and whether or not you can use these vessels in either environment. By the end of this read, you’ll know exactly why these kayaks are designed the way they are and whether or not you need to buy a different type of kayak if you want to start exploring new waters…
What Defines a Kayak?
Before we look at the differences between a sea kayak and river kayak let’s first take a look at what defines a “kayak”.
A kayak is a small self-propelled vessel that’s often controlled using a dual-bladed paddle. Most kayaks have a pointed bow and stern (the front and rear of the kayak) and accommodate one to two people.
There are several different types of kayaks but they all serve more or less the same purpose — to provide a means to navigate waterways in a silent and unobtrusive manner.
You’ll find kayaks designed for recreational paddling, whitewater, fishing, touring, river navigation, and saltwater. They’re all based around similar designs but their subtle differences make them more suited to their intended environments.
Although there are several different types of kayaks that are manufactured with different forms of the hobby in mind, you can filter them into two main categories: open-top & sit-in kayaks.
With an open-top kayak, you are seated on top of the vessel with your legs exposed to the elements. They sit higher in the water and the bulk of your weight will be above the surface.
Sit-in kayaks have a covered hull and a cockpit that you sit in with your legs extended inside the kayak’s shell. You sit lower in the water and the majority of your weight is below water level.
So now you know what defines a kayak and what the two main differences in vessels are, let’s take a look at how sea kayaks and river kayaks differ:
What is a Sea Kayak?
To state the obvious, a sea kayak is designed for navigation in saltwater. This doesn’t mean that they’re made for navigating the open ocean off-shore, but rather the coastlines around the country you’re paddling in.
Sea kayaking requires a higher fitness level because you’re battling against currents and wind in open water. This means you’ll be paddling a lot more. To make the harsh paddling conditions a bit more bearable, sea kayaks are designed so they’re long and narrow with a pointed bow and stern.
The design of the sea kayak makes paddling more efficient in open water. They are considerably longer than the typical kayak you’d use in a river — coming in at 12 to 14 feet.
What is a River Kayak?
There’s not necessarily a single kayak design that’s made for navigating rivers. So, technically, there’s no such thing as a “river kayak”. However, there are a few kayaks that are designed for navigation in freshwater that are suitable for use on rivers.
Recreational kayaks are suitable for freshwater environments that are non-extreme. These vessels can be used to navigate stillwaters and slow-flowing rivers. They can cope with moderate rapid stretches of water but are not designed to be used in whitewater or fast-flowing rivers.
Whitewater kayaks are designed for navigating stretches of river that are faster-flowing. They are designed to be able to handle fast-moving whitewater. Whitewater kayaks are shorter in length and have a more rounded bow and stern. This makes navigating rough waters more stable and safer.
Can You Use a Sea Kayak in a River?
No, you can’t use a sea kayak in a river.
Sea/ocean kayaks are far narrower and much longer than kayaks designed for freshwater. If you use a sea kayak in a river you’ll find it relatively unstable and extremely hard to control.
Sea kayaks are designed in a way that makes them easy to paddle with little effort. This is okay in the open ocean but you’ll struggle with it in a flowing river, no matter how wide it may be.
You need a lot of space to manoeuvre a sea kayak and even in the sea it takes a lot of effort to turn the kayak o180 degrees. Because of this reason, they really aren't suited to river kayaking. If you use a sea kayak in the river you’ll be putting yourself and other water goers at risk.
So, can you use a river kayak in the sea?
Can You Use a River Kayak in the Sea?
This is where things differ. Technically, you can use a freshwater kayak in the sea. However, the conditions must be calm. Freshwater kayaks are usually stable enough to deal with coastal conditions but due to their wider hull and shorter length, you’ll be putting in a lot more effort to get from A to B.
It’s important that you never use a kayak intended for freshwater in the ocean if the conditions are rough. If it’s calm, you’ll be fine navigating the coastlines but always go out in pairs or groups and never go out without a buoyancy aid.
Which Type of Kayak is Best For You?
You may be wondering whether a freshwater kayak or a saltwater kayak is best for you.
You first need to figure out what kind of environments you're m going to be using the kayak in. If you're strictly going to paddle along the coastline, then a sea kayak is a no-brainer. You'll have a far better experience with a vessel created for saltwater if you plan on paddling around our coastlines. Although you won't be able to use this type of kayak on a river, you will be able to use it in large bodies of freshwater.
If you're more interested in kayaking inland on freshwater lakes and rivers, you'll be better off with a recreational freshwater kayak of some kind. Even if you'd like to take to the sea every now and then, you'll be able to use a recreational kayak provided the conditions are calm.
Unfortunately, there's no one kayak that will perform brilliantly in both salt and freshwater environments. You need to weigh up what you enjoy more, what environment is more accessible to you, and how easy it is to go out paddling regularly in that environment.
The bottom line is, if you want to paddle more in the ocean, opt for a sea kayak. You'll be restricted to the ocean and large bodies of water, but you'll get the best performance. If you want to kayak in freshwater environments mainly, a recreational kayak will suit you best. You'll be able to use this type of kayak occasionally in the sea too. | <urn:uuid:f94b260f-2f46-46e6-b0ae-281fad992a2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lakelandkayaks.ie/blogs/news/what-s-the-difference-between-a-sea-kayak-and-a-river-kayak | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953542 | 1,594 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Dizziness When Waking Up And Going To Sleep
Vertigo, likewise referred to as wooziness, is a relative term to the a lot more familiar vertigo, also called nausea. A sensation that your whole body is dizzy and also relocating a strange method. The lightheadedness comes on unexpectedly, without advising and also is typically for short periods of time. Vertigo, like dizziness, is extremely frightening as well as is the major symptom of various problems that affect the brain, from high blood pressure to fainting. Dizziness When Waking Up And Going To Sleep
Benign positional vertigo (BPV) is possibly one of the most common reason for vertigo, the sensation that the interior of your head or that your entire body is turning strangely. Normally this is accompanied by light-headedness, nausea or vomiting, vomiting, fainting, and a feeling of detachment from your environments. BPV normally triggers only brief episodes of lightheadedness, usually no more than 10 minutes. It is usually brought on by muscle spasms or by an absence of blood flow to the nerves in the internal ear. Some people have no symptoms at all. Dizziness When Waking Up And Going To Sleep
Dizziness When Waking Up And Going To Sleep
A lot of instances of dizziness are brought on by one or more of the conditions that affect the mind and also hinder its capability to function properly. If you are experiencing signs and symptoms that you believe are vertigo, your doctor will certainly more than likely suggest antihistamines or tricyclic antidepressants as therapies for these problems. Antihistamines lower the task of the chemicals in the body that create the response that causes vertigo. Tricyclic antidepressants are utilized to deal with allergies, anxiousness, and also various other similar problems. Dizziness When Waking Up And Going To Sleep
Certain medicines may likewise trigger vertigo. As an example, doxycycline can decrease the toughness of your muscle mass that support your equilibrium. This decreases the amount of liquid in your mind that triggers your dizziness. Other medicines that might include doxycycline are Prednisone, Acetylcholine, Phenytoin, and also NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications).
Vertigo that does not enhance with over the counter treatment can be dealt with by your medical professional. These therapies consist of prescription drugs, surgery, and also antihistamines. If your dizziness is severe, your physician might advise you to have a devoted echocardiography system or VASER (vesicular stentibular valve excitement) procedure. This procedure utilizes a laser to open the tightened capillary that trigger the dizziness. The laser may likewise minimize the quantity of fluid accumulation in your mind that creates wooziness.
Some individuals have problems with lightheadedness without treatment. In these instances, it is very important to determine why you experience the signs. Your doctor might require to do tests such as an MRI or CT scan to identify the underlying trouble. He might additionally execute some basic research laboratory examinations in order to dismiss or confirm the diagnosis.
Several of the reasons that may cause wooziness consist of a condition called sensorineural hearing loss. This condition happens when there is damages to the inner ear. This can be caused by an ear infection, an injury, or a negative effects of certain medications. Various other causes can be high fevers, ear infection, meniere’s disease, Meniere’s disorder, or vestibular nerve cells.
If you are experiencing dizziness, you need to make note of where your wooziness is impacting your balance. You should additionally recognize if the modifications in balance are occurring for a long period of time or if they are simply occurring in a short time period. This will help your medical professional to figure out the cause of vertigo and additionally the correct treatment. If you think that your lightheadedness results from a lack of balance, you need to consult your physician. Your healthcare expert will have the ability to give you with important details regarding vertigo and also how you can control the signs and symptoms.
In order to establish the exact source of vertigo, your healthcare expert will certainly most likely have you undergo a detailed assessment to dismiss any kind of underlying physical reasons. One of one of the most typical causes of lightheadedness is reduced high blood pressure or hypertension. If you have been diagnosed with either of these conditions, you ought to follow your doctor’s orders and also adhere to your regular medication. By decreasing your blood pressure, your wooziness could be gotten rid of. However, your condition might need treatment to reduce your blood pressure normally.
An additional usual source of vertigo is experiencing hearing loss. As we age, our hearing comes to be much less efficient, which might result to vertigo. If you have been experiencing wooziness without any other signs and symptoms, it might be challenging to determine the problem. However, as quickly as you start experiencing any kind of sound or noise in your ear, you should right away contact your medical professional.
Some symptoms that can recommend the existence of a vestibular migraine consist of: queasiness, vomiting, impaired thinking, and fainting. Because these symptoms can be combined, your doctor might carry out tests to confirm the visibility of vertigo. If your symptoms correspond, your doctor may carry out added tests such as catheterizations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and also computerized tomography (CT) check. | <urn:uuid:7ac6d5a6-4527-4c20-9692-d61320f50d04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.grupocpd.com/dizziness-when-waking-up-and-going-to-sleep/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.938605 | 1,139 | 2.28125 | 2 |
4th Edition of Euro Global Conference on
Food adulteration is the act of intentionally degrading the quality of food offered for sale either by blending or substituting inferior substances or by removing some valuable ingredient. Globally and in several forms, food adulteration happens and affects nearly all food commodities. Not only is adulteration a major economic concern, but it can also lead to severe health problems for customers.
A food substitute is a nutritional supplement with the intent of replacing one or more meals a day, as the name suggests. Substitutes properly accepted by the medical community provide all of the properties required by the body to remain safe and solid. | <urn:uuid:5e2c6aed-52ca-470c-b438-16379ded94cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://food-chemistry-technology-conferences.magnusgroup.org/program/scientific-sessions/food-substitution-and-adulteration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.946365 | 131 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Rhodesia (region (general))
Found in 5 Collections and/or Records:
A series of watercolours commissioned from the Rhodesian artist Mrs Gilbert Stephenson to be used in colouring lantern slides to illustrate the fifth handbook, A.J. Sargent, 'South Africa: seven lectures (London, 1914). Stephenson had been recommended by the British South Africa Company.
Kelsey’s record of the tour includes two volumes of daily diaries, a photograph album, loose photographs, eight boxes of lantern slides, a map, and a file of ephemera.
The principal part of the collection is a set of thirteen scrapbooks of newscuttings relating to East Africa, particularly Kenya and Tanganyika. The rest of the collection consists of a volume of cuttings relating to post-war trading opportunities in Nigeria and three scrapbooks concerning rubber and mining in South East Asia.
Diaries, official papers, correspondence and photographs | <urn:uuid:95c634e9-8ad4-4941-bd60-c1fa0bdf3a4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archivesearch.lib.cam.ac.uk/subjects/15618?&filter_fields%5B%5D=archon_code_u_sstr&filter_values%5B%5D=GBR%2F0115&filter_fields%5B%5D=primary_type&filter_values%5B%5D=resource | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.892871 | 199 | 2.859375 | 3 |
The global and Chinese economies were hit hard in 2020, and the global GDP grew by 5.9% in 2021. Although the global growth prospects improved and there was a V-shaped rebound, this does not mean that the economy has really recovered to the level before the epidemic. The vast majority of countries are still in the stage of recovery after heavy damage and are far from achieving real recovery.
2022 is a year of continuous recovery. Global supply chain disturbance, geopolitical tension, energy price fluctuation, local labor shortage and rising raw material prices will affect the resilience of economic recovery. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that the world economy will grow by 4.4% in 2022, of which the U.S. economy will grow by about 4%. Driven by China and India, Asia is expected to become the fastest growing region in the world in 2022. However, China's economic growth has slowed down. The 2022 government work report shows that the expected target of economic growth is set at about 5.5%.
According to research, China has set a growth rate of about 5.5%, which not only focuses on the speed of economic growth, but also anchors the quality of economic development. Scientific and technological innovation, economic and social digitization and green development will be the long-term goals of China's economic development. It is expected that in 2022, major economies such as the United States, Europe and China will introduce more favorable policies to drive the development of switching power supply industry.
Beijing Yanjing Bizhi Information Consulting Co., Ltd. （XYZResearch）released the 《(Post-pandemic Era)-Global Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics Market Segment Research Report 2022》, which aims to sort out the development status and trends of the Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics industry at home and abroad, estimate the overall market scale of the Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics industry and the market share of major countries, Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics industry, and study and judge the downstream market demand of Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics through systematic research, Analyze the competition pattern of Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics, so as to help solve the pain points of various stakeholders in Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics industry. This industry research report combines desktop research, qualitative interviews with insiders or experts and other methods to strive for the objectivity and integrity of conclusions and data.
Regional Segmentation (Value; Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028) of Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics Market by XYZResearch Include
Competitive Analysis; Who are the Major Players in Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics Market?
Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories
Major Type of Head and Neck Cancer Drugs/Therapeutics Covered in XYZResearch report:
Application Segments Covered in XYZResearch Market
For any other requirements, please feel free to contact us and we will provide you customized report. | <urn:uuid:b7d10ea4-76a3-4852-8d5a-9349aba55cad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reportsandmarkets.com/reports/global-head-and-neck-cancer-drugs-therapeutics-market-4477792 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.911311 | 702 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Sixty years back, 4 young trainees in Greensboro, North Carolina, organized a sit-in at a set apart lunch counter– and also began an activity, stimulating sit-ins throughout the nation to oppose partition.
Currently, the well known “Greensboro 4”– David Richmond, Ezell Blair Jr. (currently Jibreel Khazan), Franklin McCain, as well as Joseph McNeil– will certainly be recognized in a Google Doodle, debuting at 11 p.m. EST on Jan.
31 and also staying up for 24-hour in the UNITED STATE, till Feb. 1, the sixtieth wedding anniversary of the historic sit-in and also the initial day of Black Background Month. (According to Google, the Greensboro Sit-in is one of the most looked sit-in in background.).
The layout in the Google Doodle is the job of Karen Collins, musician as well as the owner of the African American Mini Gallery. The Google Doodle will certainly include a picture of a panorama that shows the sit-in made by Collins.
Collins’ job, developed with her other half, Eddie Lewis, utilizes mini panoramas positioned in shadowboxes to record black background– “from the Center Flow approximately Barack Obama and also Kendrick Lamar,” according to the gallery’s internet site.
The vision for the African American Mini Gallery arose throughout the “discomfort as well as suffering” really felt by Collins upon the imprisonment of her boy, according to an article introducing the Google Doodle sent out to Mashable.
” For me, the gallery was a method to transform the negativeness into something favorable as well as share the tales of our forefathers’ stamina and also determination with challenge, “Collins claimed in the article. “I desire youths to find out about those that came prior to them that gave up to aid make the lives they live today feasible.”.
Collins wishes the Google Doodle can pay homage not just to the Greensboro sit-in itself, yet additionally to the adjustments it triggered.
“I really hope that when individuals see this Doodle, at the beginning of Black Background Month, they are influenced to get more information concerning the sit-in, the motion, and all the tales of Black strength that assisted form the globe we reside in today,” Collins stated.
“For individuals in the Black neighborhood, I wish they really feel appreciation as well as satisfaction which they bear in mind that we have the toughness to develop a much better future for ourselves as well as generations to find.”. | <urn:uuid:58cec697-b82c-462b-9164-d983aa1e3b0c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://logicaldaily.com/greensboro-sit-in-google-doodle-celebrates-60th-anniversary-of-greensboro-sit-in/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954058 | 539 | 2.109375 | 2 |
What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Batteries are one of the most important power supply in this technology-based period, consisting of mobile phone, laptop computers, vehicles, power tools, and also more. Normally, lots of people toss batteries when they passed away as well as buy brand-new ones. By doing this, utilized batteries are harming the setting and also shed your money. It would certainly have been great to understand a process to use the batteries much longer, which could conserve hundreds of dollars every year.
You can save your money in the EZ Battery Reconditioning course, which can help you utilize your batteries for a longer time. Allow’s dive into the details with this EZ Battery Reconditioning testimonial. What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
What is EZ Battery Reconditioning?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning is a technique or procedure to offer your old batteries a new life. It does not take a considerable time to make your made use of or dead batteries working once again. It just takes 10-20 minutes with making use of some devices.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning book supplies a thorough standard to reconditioning 10 battery kinds. After looking at EZ Battery Reconditioning publication pdf visitor can enhance the life period of some batteries, including a clinical residence battery or golf cart, batteries of the typical auto. However, you don’t need to be an electronic devices guru to initiate the procedure and supply a new life to the batteries.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Normally, golf carts, cars and trucks, as well as other battery-based devices work on lead-acid and damp cell batteries. And also probably, the plates of these cells or lead take in sulfuric acid. As a result, it creates electrical energy. As the battery gets made use of, the efficiency reduced as well as passed away at the end. So, the new battery gets replaced with the old one, as well as you wind up paying thousands of bucks each year.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Thinking about the expense, if you could discover a method to utilize the old one over and over, you could conserve countless bucks. This is where EZ Battery Reconditioning directions come in convenient, through which you can refurbish the used batteries for future use.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning training course pdf is readily available for download online, so it is not available in the shops.
Check out Duralast Platnum Battery Type
Concerning the EZ Battery Reconditioning Program Creator EZ Battery Reconditioning is developed by Tom Ericson with the co-author Frank Thompson. Tom is a husband who resides in South Carolina with his partner as well as children. Nevertheless, they were having economic concerns when the automobile battery was dead. He had two alternatives to invest his remaining money on. Alternative one was food for the kids, and the other one was purchasing an automobile battery. So, Ericson ends up acquiring food and also can not pay the mechanic. Later on, he calculated just how much his family members spent on batteries, and the outcome was surprising. Tom started looking into to find a way to minimize costs on batteries.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Throughout that time, Tom was working with a golf company where he fulfilled Frank Thompson, known as “The Battery Man.” Thompson used to find to Tom’s business to accumulate dead batteries, that then sold those as reconditioned. Tom later urged Thompson to share the secrets of reconditioning the batteries.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
After paying attention to the procedure, they created the EZ Battery Reconditioning program pdf book.
EZ Battery Reconditioning Program Inside EZ Battery Reconditioning directions are sold as a digital book. Since it is offered on the internet and can be checked out using your PC, Phones, or tablet computers, you will not discover it in traditional stores. As soon as you buy guide, you can access it promptly. Furthermore, you will certainly get lifetime access to any kind of future updates of the book through the member site produced by Frank and also Tom. As innovation is always progressing, the brand-new process might arise as well for new battery kinds. So, with lifetime accessibility, you can obtain all the updated process.
Additionally, you will get three even more bonus things also when you purchase EZ Battery Reconditioning. The bonuses are-.
Double your user batteries’ life expectancy: It will take you via the steps you need to increase the battery life prior to they are dead. The publication will certainly get you some pointers and also tricks to use a battery thoroughly.
The process to begin a Battery Business: With the EZ Battery standard, you can start a battery service from home. The Franks described this procedure, which has been doing battery service for more than 5 years. Right here he explained the important things as well as planned to replicate his organization.
Life time gain access to on future updates: Tom as well as Frank made a website for the participants, which work as an EZ Battery Reconditioning discussion forum, where members can review and share their ideas. Besides, program developers sign up with the conversation too and also offer a remedy if there are any kind of problems.
On top of these incentives, guide consists of all the recommendations about the needed tools as well as chemicals. So, EZ Battery Reconditioning will not allow you down as you will obtain everything you needed to offer your used battery second life.
Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Work?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Yes, it functions like magic. We have actually inspected the testimonial of EZ Battery Reconditioning from the real customers. As well as we familiarize that all the individuals obtained a satisfactory outcome after utilizing the book’s standards. The EZ battery refurbishing eBook gives step-by-step reconditioning of 10 sorts of batteries from family batteries to car batteries.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Individuals are already saving numerous dollars annually as they don’t need to acquire new batteries anytime quickly. The only point they have to acquire is a tool required to refurbish the battery.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Do this to Bring Old Batteries Back To Life Again – Just Like New.
How Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Work?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
You already understand that the EZ Battery Reconditioning guide functions completely for all. You may question how does recondition work! Well, it is not brain surgery. You might look into as well as find the methods too as it does not require any type of skills. Let’s see a glimpse of the actions.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Action 1 You have to eliminate the battery initially from the wanted digital tools or automobile. Nonetheless, make certain that you utilize protective gloves in addition to safety glasses to protect your eyes. So, you can decrease the possibilities of any unusual mishap due to can be found in contact with the acid released from the battery. In addition, you have to separate any linked wires to the battery, additionally separate the power. These will certainly make sure security and also stay clear of shocks.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Step 2 After getting rid of the battery from its place, you will certainly need to clean it up. Although you can utilize it via a cloth, you may require to make use of an unpleasant brush or steel woollen to eliminate deposits if you see any kind of corrosion. After that you can use the cloth once again to cleanse the corrosions appropriately.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Step 3 In this action, you will certainly need a multi-meter to identify the battery’s situation and also whether it is feasible to replace. Not all batteries remain in a replacing scenario. A multi-meter allows you to check that. You will likewise require a hydrometer as well. Multi-meter as well as hydrometer can assist you in understanding the appropriate condition of the battery. You will obtain in-depth steps on how to check the batteries on the EZ Battery Reconditioning overview pdf.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Tip 4 If the battery passed the previous action, you can proceed with the reconditioning utilizing two techniques explained in the book. The initial approach is equalization, and also the next one is removing sulfation with the chemical additive. Normally, sulfation happens from the reaction in between lead and sulfuric acid. Both techniques are made use of to get rid of the sulfation. You will understand much more regarding EZ Battery Reconditioning chemicals how to do it thoroughly in guide.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning approach is an innovative standard that offers a various guideline for different sorts of batteries.
Where to Buy EZ Battery Reconditioning?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning secret books can be purchased from the official internet site. Nevertheless, you might find other internet sites marketing the PDF at a cheap price or could be free to download. Those are actually marketing the customized publication, or they scam the people.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Prior to acquiring, make sure you are on the official internet site. In addition, you may locate some sites that offer EZ Battery Reconditioning program evaluations, as well as you can buy from those websites if you assume them trustable. Generally, those type of testimonial websites reroute you to the book’s initial website, as well as you are really purchasing from the main site. The buying process wraps up a rule of thumb, which is always buying from the official site.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
How Much Does EZ Battery Reconditioning Cost?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
If you compute your battery spending, you might believe that the EZ Battery Reconditioning price will certainly be high. Tom and Frank’s goal is to make the book easily accessible to every family in America as well as other nations. So, keeping that in mind, they valued it fairly, price just $47, and also obtain the life time accessibility to and future enhancements.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
This is a single payment, and there are no more membership fees for future updates or rewards. You will certainly obtain a 60-day money-back warranty as well. So, if you do not such as guide, you can obtain a full refund. We are confident that you won’t ask for a reimbursement as you will certainly love the EZ Battery Reconditioning.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Benefits and drawbacks of EZ Battery Reconditioning No products are perfect in this world, so does the EZ Battery Reconditioning procedure. They have some disadvantages also. All the disadvantages would outweigh the couple of cons. Allow’s see the Pros and also Cons.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
It uses an easy-to-understand language with in-depth images to make sure that anyone can read and recognize conveniently.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning step by step overviews are very easy to comply with.
Replacing a battery can save your cash, and also it is good for the setting also.
By using the same battery for years, you are really making back the purchase price.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Obtain prompt accessibility, and also you do not require to wait for days to obtain supplied.
It has some disadvantages too. Let’s enter into it.
You will certainly need to get some devices to apply the methods advised by Tom and also Frank, which could be additional costs for you.
You can not recondition all the batteries with the guideline as some batteries obtain harmed as well as no chance to get them recouped.
These two cons don’t actually scale down the book as these are not directly pertaining to guide.
EZ Battery Reconditioning Real Customer Reviews From our in-detail research study, we have actually found that EZ Battery Reconditioning complaints are very little. Nevertheless, it has an immense amount of favorable testimonials, which makes it worth attempting. Numerous customers are saving countless dollars. Almost all the individuals got a tested result.
One consumer had a recurring issue with his cars and truck battery, which slowly sheds power. Also buying a brand-new battery will not last long. After that, he tried the EZ battery repair work procedure as well as lastly utilized the same battery two times. Like that, there are numerous favorable reviews which will definitely encourage anyone to buy it.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Is EZ Battery Reconditioning Legit Course?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Much, no scam reports are suggested, so we can clearly say that EZ Battery Reconditioning is official. Furthermore, numerous positive testimonials from real customers additionally support its legitimacy. The endorsements from real clients likewise reveal that the EZ Battery Reconditioning is legit. You wouldn’t understand it up until you use it for on your own. You can attempt to check that out by yourself, and you can get a refund if you don’t like it. So, there is nothing to shed on your part.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
EZ Battery Reconditioning Reviews- Final Words Batteries have become a vital part of our life. As well as we can predict that the future will certainly be absolutely based on batteries. For example, the arising electrical auto will certainly boost the battery demand, as well as the typical rate will certainly be higher. So, in the future, you can utilize the EZ Battery Reconditioning technique to make your battery life expectancy much longer.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
You might have the option to buy brand-new or reuse batteries. Making use of the old battery will certainly be clever since it is environment pleasant as well as has the cost-cutting feature. It is much better to learn battery recovering from the EZ Battery Reconditioning DIY publication, which will certainly be helpful for everyday life and the future The FAQS EZ Battery Reconditioning Q. What is the EZ battery reconditioning technique?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
It is a procedure to recycle the old batteries again when it is dead. It provides 10 battery types, including phone, laptop, auto, golf cart, rechargeable, long life, and also different energy system batteries.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Q. How Long Does It Take to Recondition a Battery?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Usually, reconditioning a battery takes around 4 hours. You may not get success in the initial attempt, so you can duplicate the process up until the battery replaced completely as well as obtain back to its original condition. You will certainly have to maintain patience.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Q. Are Reconditioned Batteries Excellent?What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Comparing to a brand-new battery, refurbished batteries might provide you a bit less performance. The problem of a refurbished battery is great sufficient to get your job done. Nonetheless, several cars and truck proprietors favor to have reconditioned batteries as the brand-new ones are expensive. New battery as well as reconditioned battery offer you the very same performance.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
Battery reconditioner as well as desulfator.
Expand the life expectancy of your batteries: lead sulphate is eliminated by the electrical high-frequency pulsation procedure of the battery reconditioner.What Type Battery Is A Duralast 34s Gold
BMS-system: cordless detection of bad cells.
Battery Monitoring System: perform specific voltage dimensions of all cells during a full discharge and also obtain a best battery examination as well as a clear review of the performance of each cell! | <urn:uuid:a394bdf5-f27a-4bf4-ab0c-905dc9261cb2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://contentisfortheweak.com/what-type-battery-is-a-duralast-34s-gold-21-top-processes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.950221 | 3,524 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Kubernetes is a powerful platform for deploying and managing containers at scale. But, like all complex systems, it is not without its potential points of failure.
To maintain high availability (HA) for your applications and services running in Kubernetes, you need to understand the different components that make up the system and how they can be configured for high availability.
What is High Availability (HA) in Kubernetes?
As explained by Kubernetes expert Lucas Käldström:
“High availability basically means the elimination of a single point of failure in the cluster.”
As you know, high availability is the property of a system or component that enables it to continue operating properly despite failures or unexpected conditions. This means being able to maintain your desired level of service even in the event of component failures or outages.
In the context of Kubernetes, high availability demands a set of configurations that attempt to maintain a minimum level of service so that even if a part of the cluster goes down, the application will still have service.
Why High Availability (HA) is Important For Your Business
There is a demand that systems be always operational, with no downtime. How many hours can your systems be offline before they impact your business? While downtime is impossible to rule out entirely, the IT team is responsible for minimizing the risk of it happening.
What Can Cause Downtime?
Cloud platforms sometimes fail. There are several things that can cause unplanned downtime in your applications, including:
- System failures (hardware, software, network)
- Natural disasters or unexpected events (floods, fires, power outages)
- Human error (accidental deletion of data, incorrect changes to configurations)
- Malicious attacks (hackers, ransomware)
Unplanned outages bring risks that can be mitigated by deploying a high availability solution. With high availability infrastructure, your company may continue functioning on a failover server while the problem is diagnosed and fixed. The most recent AWS cloud outages are an excellent illustration of this point.
In addition to unplanned outages, there are also a number of reasons why you might need to schedule a planned outage for your applications. For example:
- Updating software or hardware
- Migrating data to new storage infrastructure
- Performing system maintenance
- Conducting tests and evaluations
As your business grows, so does the importance of uptime, and, as a result, your maintenance windows start to shrink. With high availability in place, you can schedule maintenance windows without impacting your users or your business. This enables you to keep your applications up-to-date and running smoothly.
Determining High Availability Requirements
Before you can configure your Kubernetes cluster for high availability, you need to understand your company’s requirements. What services must be available at all times? What are the acceptable levels of downtime?
Once you have determined these requirements, you can design a HA solution that meets them. Configuring Kubernetes for high availability is not a simple task, and there are many factors to consider.
A high availability cluster architecture has four key components:
- Load balancing – To distribute client requests across cluster nodes, a highly available system must have a well-defined load balancing method that specifies the exact failover process in case of node failure.
- Data scalability – Another factor to consider is the scalability of databases or disk storage units. Using a centralized database and making it highly available with replication or partitioning are the two most popular choices for data scaling.
- Geographical diversity – It’s critical to your infrastructure clusters across geographic locations in today’s IT climate, especially with the availability of cloud technology. This ensures that the service or software is resistant to a disaster affecting one physical location since it can failover to a node in a different physical location.
- Backup and recovery – Highly available architectures are still vulnerable to system failures that might bring down the entire service. If and when this occurs, a backup and recovery plan must be in place so that the whole system can be restored within a set time limit (RTO).
Why is Kubernetes Good for High Availability?
Kubernetes is well-suited for high availability deployments, as it can be set up along with its supporting components so that there is no single point of failure.
Kubernetes enables you to schedule containers across multiple nodes and availability zones in the cloud, improving reliability. If one node or availability zone fails, the containers running on that node will automatically be scheduled on another node or availability zone in the cluster.
In addition, Kubernetes has a well-defined API for managing replication and provides a wealth of features to ensure the high availability of your services.
Kubernetes Lacks High Availability (HA) for Stateful Workloads
Kubernetes’ approach to HA usually entails spreading many replicas of an application across many cluster nodes, so when a single node or application instance fails, the impact is lessened.
Stateless applications or those that can live with the latency of shared storage are well suited to this strategy. In contrast, stateful apps frequently do not “sprawl” easily, if at all. As a result, these apps are not candidates for Kubernetes HA without special configuration.
How do you Design Stateful Kubernetes High Availability (HA) with Statehub?
There are a few different ways to design for stateful Kubernetes’ high availability. The first option is to use a storage solution that is designed for stateful applications, such as Statehub. This storage solution replicates your data across multiple nodes and clusters, so if one node or cluster fails, your data will still be available.
Statehub allows you to:
- Have multiple copies of your applications’ data, creating redundancy at any level
- Share and clone data between any Kubernetes clusters on the public cloud, no matter where they are
- Neutralizes data gravity by establishing a seamless app and data mobility, unconstrained by distance or cloud vendor | <urn:uuid:5921adce-f658-4f0e-a216-91098c5327b0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://statehub.io/resources/articles/high-availability-in-kubernetes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.897879 | 1,279 | 2.796875 | 3 |
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Who was the main author of the Constitution? Fifty-five delegates met in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation. Many of the nation's most influential me
What is the H-2A program? What are the flaws that Eric Ruark at the Federation for American Immigration Reform refers to?
In relation to the book Arc of Justice: a.)Without official legal (de jure) segregation, where/how did segregation exist in northern cities and how was it imposed? b.) Had this
According to Charles Morrow Wilson, what were the principal symbols that William Jennings Bryan used in his " Cross of Gold " speech and what did they symblize?
Why was the Spanish Conquest of the Aztecs so important to history. Did it helped shaped the world as we know it? how and why?
They key to victory for the United States in the Mexican War was A. Zachary Taylor's taking of Monterrey b. the Bear Flag revolution in California c. Stephen Kearny's capture of Sa
What were the key elements of the conservative reaction against the French Revolution?
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
Question 1 Explain the demerits of caste system Question 2 Explain the progress made in the field of architecture during the Gupta age Question 3 Explain the social and
who was the founder
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd | <urn:uuid:a028b9d0-b049-4bcf-b21a-2775ebeb471f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.expertsmind.com/questions/spanish-colonization-in-the-philippines-301138742.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.935258 | 425 | 2.734375 | 3 |
On Monday, Feb. 4, 2019, a group of Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science students, accompanied by Mrs. Latoya and Mr. Robinson, left campus to tour the Columbus Police Department. This was done in partnership with the Family Resource Center to gain knowledge and get a first-hand look at the day to day of an on-duty officer.
The students arrived at the police department around 4:30 p.m. and toured until about 6:15 pm. Once there, they were led around the station by Detective Anderson. He led them through the entire station, from the front to the back, where he introduced them to officers on duty, the chief of police and the women that take care of tickets, complaints and misdemeanor cases all while showing them the day to day of an officer on the force.
Upon arrival, Anderson went through their daily routines as officers on the force. Officers work 12 hour shifts, two days a week, with every other weekend off. This allows the officers to work and get their hours, while also being able to spend times with their families. When becoming an officer, it is a long process.
All officers must at least have a high school diploma or GED. Then each officer must go through background checks and other prerequisites to be enlisted into the police academy where they will train for 12 weeks. They have a weight room, strict diet and time out in the field to learn the basics to ensure their success there.
He also explained the department has three police motorcycles, two drug dogs and access to a helicopter and helipad. As of now, they are borrowing the city’s helicopter, but they also have an officer in school to receive his pilot’s license, and once he receives that, he will be a part time officer and part time pilot.
The students also went through the evidence locker that contained evidence dating back to the 20s, the interrogation room where they took pictures and were mirandized, the justice court and the disgusting and horrific smelling holding cells, stressing to us after arriving here suspects would either be charged with the crime or released.
At the Columbus Police Department, students got to meet many officers and vital members to the police force. Detective Anderson made sure to adequately describe all of the job and their relevance to the police force.
“They (police officers) were very nice and I was very excited to see some black people,” junior Faith Brown said.
He explained and described everything in great detail on the process that took place, what everything was, and what some of the common words and phrases meant.
Anderson even shared some true stories and told about about some of the cases that passed through the department. Alex Magee, Faith Brown, Dakota Straight and Corrin Dixon even got a chance to enter the interrogation room and get “Mirandized”.
As students headed toward the end of the tour, Junior Alex Magee said, “It was a very enlightening experience that showcased the actual lives of law enforcement.”
Hall Director Latoya Bledsoe said, “I learned a lot of things that I didn’t know or realize and I found a new appreciation for those in the law enforcement industry.” | <urn:uuid:d7b8c57c-1ba8-452c-ab05-10b8fad2673f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thevisionmsms.org/15487/uncategorized/msms-students-visit-columbus-police-department/?print=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.97914 | 666 | 1.539063 | 2 |
While most UK home workers say they are as productive or more productive working at home as they are in the office (63 per cent), only 39 per cent of respondents believe their previous office environment’s noise levels were conducive to maximum productivity. That’s according to a survey of 300 UK respondents by acoustic and vibration engineering specialist Mason UK.
Furthermore, 57 per cent of respondents believed their home environment was quiet enough to enable maximum productivity, reinforcing the clear link between noise and work output.
“Office environments come in many different forms,” explained Adam Fox, director of Mason UK. “While some have been carefully mapped out and engineered, others could be the result of a much more haphazard renovation. The latter is likely to be why at least some of the 68 per cent of dissatisfied workers responded in the way they did. The results indicate people are working better at home, but there is also much more to the story than simply location.
“Before UK Plc decided to work from home based on a four- or five-month exceptional situation, let’s analyse the facts and create a better normal, instead of a new normal. While office blocks are currently running at dramatically reduced occupancy, we have a chance to think about how these buildings can better serve the people that use them in a way that supports wellbeing, productivity and health.
“Office acoustics is often overlooked but can be very detrimental to staff efficiency, the layout, finishes and office environment all can have a significant effect, as can disturbance from nearby noise sources such as rail or other facilities.
“For example, gym facilities are very popular in commercial buildings right now, designed to help workers stay healthy in a convenient way. These intentions are all well and good, until the shudder of weight drops results in noise complaints from workers below or above the gym space. It’s important to get the right acoustic consultants on board in projects like these, who can specify the best type of vibration isolation to put in place.”
The team behind this survey from Mason UK, a vibration control specialist based in Surrey, UK, offers vibration control services for a range of buildings including office spaces, gyms and domestic constructions. For more information on the design and mechanical engineering services available, visit mason-uk.co.uk. | <urn:uuid:ef90a72b-4265-4ca6-9ad3-13c65f1179ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bizdispatch.com/is-it-game-over-for-office-workplaces/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.957181 | 477 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Illinois law allows a business to incorporate and be identified as its own legal entity. An incorporated business acts in its own name, whether buying and selling property, agreeing to contracts or exercising legal rights. The office of the Secretary of State is the agency that receives applications for incorporation in Illinois, and they must be completed in conformity with certain guidelines.
Benefits of Incorporation in Illinois
Certain advantages inure to a business in Illinois that has incorporated over one that has not. First, a corporation's liabilities can never go beyond the amount invested in the business by the owners. Had the business instead remained a collection of the owners' personal assets, the personal property of the stakeholders could be liquidated to pay the liabilities of the business, if it runs into financial issues. Furthermore, a business that has not incorporated puts the unnecessary burden on creditors in the Antioch area to evaluate the credit worthiness of individual owners rather than that of the business, making loans more difficult. Lastly, the ownership of a corporation is divided into an abundance of equal portions or "shares" of stock. Without this mechanism, transferring ownership of a business would be impractical.
Costs of Incorporation
There are costs associated with incorporation, both short and long term. First, businesses in Illinois might be charged a fee to incorporate. Also, a corporation is taxed as its own entity. The incomes of owners as individuals are also taxed of course, meaning that income to the corporation might be subject to double taxation. However, this disadvantage can be avoided with proper planning and help from a local Antioch lawyer. | <urn:uuid:215657e7-f85d-42a1-88dc-153c2ff4e871> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businessattorneys.legalmatch.com/IL/Antioch/business-incorporation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96448 | 319 | 1.820313 | 2 |
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