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These two tiny furries were picked up off the street when a stray cat gave birth to them and abandoned them. She was too young to take care of the kittens and was unable to take care of them. Weak brothers wholeheartedly hoped for help.
Residents of the town of Jacksonville in the United States picked up these kids on the street. The mother left them, and the kittens were left to the mercy of fate – but despite this, they did not even think of giving up. The kittens were squeaking and trying to tell everyone around that they were here and needed help.
The kittens were only two days old when they were found. Later, they decided to transfer the crumbs to caring hands, and a volunteer named Caitlyn agreed to take them. The woman fed the babies by the hour, and sensitively looked after them.
Sensitive care had an effect the kittens quickly gained weight and felt better. Caitlyn also gave them supportive medication to help them get back on their feet.
At the age of two weeks, the kittens opened their eyes and immediately began to explore everything around them with interest. They turned out to be very active and curious, and also began to actively demand the attention of their guardians.
There was a strong connection between the crumbs – they did everything together, and always enjoyed each other’s company. When they were six weeks old, they successfully switched to solid food and did not cease to please the guardian with their small victories.
Now they are looking for owners for these charms. Caitlyn hopes to give a couple to one house – so that friendly kittens continue their journey together. We wish the kids to find the best owners! | <urn:uuid:ac509f47-64f5-4831-b591-d6b645cecb8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sugareza.com/two-abandoned-kittens-squealed-with-all-their-might-trying-to-attract-attention/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.99219 | 341 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Music for Peace is a network of local artists based in the conflict-affected northern parts of Uganda. Its vision is to harness the power of music to promote peacebuilding and positive social change in Africa.
Listen to 'One Africa' by Music for Peace and the Freetong Players International (FPI) of Sierra Leone:
Music for Peace encourages peaceful messages in music and promotes cultural musical and artistic exchanges between musicians in different conflict affected regions in Africa. It organises an annual 'Peace Music Competition' and exchange visits by artists and musicians across the continent, as well as conducting peace music parades and workshops.
Exchange Visit to Sierra Leone
In May 2010, Music For Peace embarked on its first exchange visit, linking up with the Freetong Players International (FPI), a community theatre troupe in Sierra Leone. The visit was designed to link together groups who use the arts as a way of fostering dialogue and conflict resolution. One of the products of the visit was the song 'One Africa', which you can listen to above.
In 2016, we participated in a professional fellowship program in Massachusetts, United States on tolerance and conflict resolution organised by US State Department and ITD in collaboration with Smith College and other local partners.
In 2017, we performed to fundraise for a hip surgery of an accident victim to allow him walk again which was successful with the help of other community members.
In 2017, we supported and performed in one of the first and biggest festival in northern Uganda - OpenMic Festival.
In 2018, we fundraised for Peace and Hope for Humanity an organization that works to end gender based violence.
Recently, in November 2019, we supported and performed at Wer Wer Festival of Arts in Gulu and it was a great success and most memorable.
Since 2017 we have annually supported a charity drive organised by SUTEDO to fundraise and support persons living with diabetes through various healthcare facilities in Gulu district.
We have a fully functional music recording studio which has provided space to record peace songs and songs for positive social change.
Music for Peace has a live band that has conducted or supported a number community performances.
We have also engaged our public sound equipment to enhance positive social change through community awareness drives in Gulu district. | <urn:uuid:8b01ac08-ca52-40b6-a31e-34a26b89a8b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.peaceinsight.org/en/organisations/music-for-peace/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948962 | 491 | 1.5625 | 2 |
You searched for bridge
All words containing three letters or less are ignored
Millers Acre, sits beside the Maitai River[maitai-valley/] and is in the heart of, what is now, Nelson City. It has been put to a number of uses over the...Read more about "Millers Acre or Taha o te Awa"...
Tahunanui Reserve artworks
In 2007 youth were consulted on what youth facility they wanted to have included at Tahunanui Reserve when the Park area was upgraded. Rather than a skate park,...Read more about "Tahunanui Reserve artworks"...
Settlement in Stoke
Stoke was once a swampy area with numerous small streams. When Māori arrived in this area, it was a wetland with numerous streams draining water from the hills...Read more about "Settlement in Stoke"...
Nelson brewing family
The story of the Duncans and the Founders Brewery Breweries were among the earliest businesses established after the settlement of Nelson began in 1842. Poalo and Pelham were the...Read more about "A Nelson brewing family"...
Getting established in Marlborough
Marlborough’s first decades after European colonisation were rather rocky. The Wairau Affray[sitetree_link,id=467] in 1843 badly frightened potential colonists to the Wairau. Strong earthquakes[sitetree_link,id=749] in 1848 and 1855 and severe flooding[sitetree_link,id=249] showed...Read more about "Getting established in Marlborough"...
Page 22 of 31 | <urn:uuid:1a74b237-fdf0-4383-a3b0-c39c7bfa5874> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://theprow.org.nz/search/SearchForm?Search=bridge&sortby=Relevance&action_results=Go&start=105 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95205 | 361 | 1.835938 | 2 |
An event generously funded by the Research Institute for Media, Arts and Performance (RIMAP) at the University of Bedfordshire (http://www.beds.ac.uk/rimad/about)
Date: June 8th 2015
Venue: Humanities Seminar Room 1, Stephens Building, Royal College of Art, Kensington Gore, London SW7 2EU
Time: 11:30-6 (Turn up from 11 for coffee if you can)
Oganisers: Dr Alice Barnaby ([email protected]); Dr Gareth Farmer ([email protected])
This workshop will bring together scholars from across the sciences and the humanities to discuss questions such as:
- What does it mean to experiment?
- How do different disciplines conceptualise and practice experiment, and how they account for the role of the experimenter?
- In what ways are ideas of experiment historically specific?
- How far does the experimental model or framework of science since the enlightenment preclude creative discovery?
- How do different concepts and practices of experiment balance the procedural with the innovative?
- Is experiment our only way to “fend off [the] madness and chaos” of the world? Our only way of truly living?
Experiment, from the Latin, experimentum, from experīrī to try, to test. Experiment involves trial and error and testing the limits of knowledge. It can be a deeply serious business as well as a creative and fun exploration resulting in successes and failures. Visionary poet and painter William Blake began his prophetic text, “All Religions Are One” with a voice crying in the wilderness. Its first words are the argument: “As the true method of knowledge is experiment the true faculty of knowing must be the faculty which experiences.” Blake’s infamous distrust of the “mind-forg’d manacles” of reason and his concomitant faith in knowledge accrued through experience would be tested in his poetical and prose works. He may have distrusted the cold experiment of Isaac Newton, but his writing and painting experimented with and tested the limits of his claims. Louis Pasteur was aware of the life-altering nature of experiment when he insisted of his discovery of micro-organisms that, “[n]ever will the doctrine of spontaneous generation recover from the mortal blow struck by this simple experiment.” And filmmaker David Cronenberg extended the struggle between chance and rational processes implied by Pasteur to all life. “Everybody’s a mad scientist”, he stated, “and life is their lab. We’re all trying to experiment to find a way to live, to solve problems, to fend off madness and chaos.” Experiment is not just the domain of the rationalist, but a vibrant, imperative, calamitous and necessary thing we all do, in the lab, in our creative work and throughout our lives.
Experiment and experimentation are, then, of central importance to both the sciences and the humanities. Such a statement appears to be self-evident and also seems to imply a degree of shared understanding about the idea and act of experimentation: experiments are ways of asking new questions and discovering new knowledge. Yet, to a literary critic experiment implies self-consciousness about form and style; to a biologist experiment means testing a hypothesis and submitting results to the wider community for validation. But, as Pasteur, Jenner and and Fleming demonstrate, one biologist’s mould may be another’s penicillin. On closer inspection, any sense of disciplinary, let alone interdisciplinary, consensus about this term breaks down. Given this lack of commonality, what did Blake learn from Newton? And what can we learn from each other about the role and function of experiment and its relationship to the production of knowledge? | <urn:uuid:b73b54b1-7d3c-4eda-b835-357fb1fc7c8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theexperimentnetwork.wordpress.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.930658 | 805 | 2.140625 | 2 |
As so often in life,
beauty difficulty is in the eye of the beholder.
Spelling bees in Hungarian, often called “the most difficult language in the world”, would be a total snoozefest as the language is phonetic. That means that every letter, or combination of letters (like ly and dy), corresponds with the same sound in 99% of all cases.Take that English!
Mandarin Chinese, again “notoriously hard”, has no tenses. That means you don’t need to do anything special with your verb when something happened in the past or will happen in the future. You basically say the Chinese equivalent of “tomorrow (明天) I go to the doctor” and “yesterday (昨天) I go to the doctor”. Easy peasy!
Yet, of course there are languages that will come easier to you personally, for example:
1. Your mother tongue
You basically get this one for free. Well no, you don’t, but you don’t remember the hard work that went into it. You didn’t lose face because you mispronounced a word or your construction was a bit off. Your fellow kindergartners could not have cared any less, even if they had known how to.
2. Languages that are close to your mother tongue
Most other languages share some words and grammar with other language so that learning those languages becomes a lot easier. I love this visual representation of languages spoken in Europe. Look at poor Hungarian and Finnish, they don’t get to go in the big Indo-European tree (plus the added drama of those two cats longingly staring at the big tree).
3. Popular languages
English is ridiculously difficult, if you think about it. The sound /tu/ can be written as ‘to’, ‘two’ and ‘too’ and you have no way of knowing which one it is before you learn its meaning.
But… you can read and listen to it anywhere you go and speak it to about 1,500 million people.
Note: According to a die-hard Esperanto speaker I know, Esperanto is about to take its place. It’s still roughly 1,498 million speakers behind as of date, but keep the dream alive!
4. Languages that you like or have a special connection with
Swedish has the same conjugation for all persons (= I, you, he/she/it, we, you, they), which a lot of learners find very handy (myself included).
However, that handy tidbit of information is of no use whatsoever to you if you want to read your favourite manga in Japanese, want to impress the parents of your Italian girlfriend or have to learn Mandarin Chinese to do business.
So stop browsing those ill-researched top 10 lists on the internet and just learn the language you want or need.
*It has been brought to my attention that Koreans learning Japanese and vice versa have an ‘unfair’ advantage too (even though they are supposedly not related) as there are major similaraties between the two languages both in vocabulary and in grammar. | <urn:uuid:f3d84fac-581b-429a-903c-f484580fb9ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elsdehaen.com/2017/02/01/which-is-the-easiest-language-to-learn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962605 | 676 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Yes, you can sell your house before paying off your mortgage. Mortgages range anywhere from 10 to 30 years so most homes sold in the U.S. aren’t fully paid off. … Don’t sweat if you only paid off half your mortgage or less, you can still get into a great new home.
What happens if you sell your house before paying off mortgage?
A prepayment penalty is a fee you may have to pay if you sell before your loan is paid off. Prepayment penalties are less common than they once were, and some prepayment penalties only cover a specific period of time — say, if you sell within five years of buying.
Can you sell your house before your mortgage is up?
In almost all cases, penalties are charged for breaking your mortgage term early, unless you have a totally open mortgage. If you have a fixed term such as a five year fixed rate term, your lender may charge you thousands of dollars in penalties in what is called an interest rate differential.
Can I sell my house and keep the money?
Generally, the proceeds from a home sale are excludable up to $250,000 for individual filers and $500,000 for married couples, as long as the home was your primary residence and you lived in it for at least two of the last five years. Amounts over the exclusion limit are subject to capital gains tax.
How does selling a house you haven’t paid off work?
The mortgage also means they can sell your property to recoup the money they’ve lent you if you can’t pay them back. When you sell and no longer own a property, the lender also loses its right to sell it. … When this happens, it’s called a discharge of mortgage.
How can I avoid paying mortgage penalty?
How to avoid (or lower) mortgage prepayment penalties
- Wait until maturity (when your mortgage term is complete) to make those prepayments. …
- “Port” your mortgage over to your new property. …
- “Blend and extend” your mortgage when buying, renewing early, or refinancing.
Do I pay taxes when I sell my house?
Do I have to pay taxes on the profit I made selling my home? … If you owned and lived in the place for two of the five years before the sale, then up to $250,000 of profit is tax-free. If you are married and file a joint return, the tax-free amount doubles to $500,000.
Do you pay last mortgage payment before closing?
Ultimately, you must pay for every day that you own your property and will not pay for the days that you no longer own it. If you overpay, you’ll get money back. If you don’t make that last mortgage payment, you should be okay – as long as everything goes as planned. | <urn:uuid:cd49df90-3df2-4986-98f2-d9462e6e76a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kvdevelopers.com/buying/question-can-you-sell-a-house-before-paying-off-the-mortgage.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96796 | 612 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Mount Popa Monastery
Burma possesses a colorful past and a rich heritage. One of the most awe-inspiring examples of this is the spectacular Buddhist monastery of Taung Kalat.
A Buddhist monastery is built right on top of Taung Kalat, and offers a panoramic view of the surrounding area to travellers who brave the flight of 777 steps to the summit of the volcano. Far from being merely a tourist attraction, the monastery is also a pilgrimage site. It is believed that the nearby Taung Ma-gyi is inhabited by the Great Nats. | <urn:uuid:214c2964-61cd-477f-869f-8d2bfd44362a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shankhnad.org/search/label/MOUNT%20POPA%20MONASTERY | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.895828 | 167 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Why was this work needed?
In 2013, nearly 7,000 people in the UK took their own life, but relatively little is known about how these people interacted with the NHS in the lead up to their deaths. By understanding more about what happens to people in the time immediately before they attempt suicide, this research aims to change this and, ultimately, help prevent people from taking their own lives.
This study linked the death records of people who had died by suicide in Scotland between 1981 and 2010 to their existing life-time hospital records. The records indicated that a quarter of these people had been admitted to hospital in the three months prior to taking their own lives, with more general hospital admissions than admissions into psychiatric hospitals.
What were the benefits?
This work demonstrates that the period immediately following discharge from hospital is critical in suicide risk. It also shows that it’s not just psychiatric hospitals that need better support for patients at risk of suicide - in this study, people who went on to die by suicide were more frequently last admitted to a general hospital.
What type of data was involved?
This study linked the National Records of Scotland (NRS) deaths register with the Scottish Morbidity Records (an NHS Scotland database combining hospital admissions, cancer registration and death records).
Approved researchers were provided with data which was de-personalised. The NHS Information Services Division attached unique encrypted numbers to each anonymised death or hospital record allowing the researchers to link the relevant records together using the encrypted number.
What was the legal basis for accessing the data?
This study was approved by Lothian Research Ethics Committee, the Privacy Advisory Committee (PAC) of NHS Information Services Division and the Registrar General of NRS. Caldicott Guardian approval was granted as part of the PAC approval.
Who funded and collaborated on this work?
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government part funded this project.
Where can I go for more information?
For further information or to seek help with suicidal thoughts or feelings please contact the Samaritans – www.samaritans.org
- Page updated: 21 June 2018
- Print page | <urn:uuid:c7532a46-4b76-44be-a109-70695f7f937f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://understandingpatientdata.org.uk/case-study/preventing-suicides | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967389 | 447 | 2.03125 | 2 |
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Email: [email protected], [email protected]
Almost more than two month after a group of civil society carried out a peaceful demonstration in Abuja over the importation of killer fuel products from some marked parts of Europe, especially Switzerland, the federal government has seen the reason in the campaign and banned importation from the region.
Also, more West African countries have followed suit including Ghana, Togo and Benin Republic.
It would be recalled that the UN Environment Programme had raised an alarm on the matter which caught the fancy of the protesters in Abuja early October.
Otherwise, a recent report revealed that European companies were exploiting weak regulations in West Africa to export fuels with high levels of sulphur. Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, and Cote d’Ivoire agreed on the import ban.
The UN says the move will help more than 250 million people breathe safer and cleaner air. The sulphur particles emitted by a diesel engine are considered to be a major contributor to air pollution and are ranked by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the top global health risks. It is associated with heart disease, lung cancer and respiratory problems.
In a statement, the UN environment programme says the West African group, in addition to banning the import of dirty fuels, has also agreed to upgrade the operations of their national refineries. The upgrade, which will concern both public and privately owned refineries, is meant to boost standards in the oil produced in the five countries.
The report into Europe oil exports released in September particularly criticised the Swiss for their links to the African trade in diesel that has toxin levels illegal in Europe. The study was by the campaign group, Public Eye, which said retailers were exploiting weak regulatory standards.
Erik Solheim, the head of UN Environment Programme, hailed the import ban. “West Africa is sending a strong message that it is no longer accepting dirty fuels from Europe,” Mr Solheim said. “Their decision to set strict new standards for cleaner, safer fuels and advanced vehicle emission standards shows they are placing the health of their people first,” he added.
Business Hilights is an online news channel conceptualized and structured to report and track on a daily basis; latest developments in critical business sectors to serve as a one stop news gateway for governments, foreign and indigenous investors. | <urn:uuid:76b0436f-235c-400a-a8f8-a87cbd855b5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businesshilights.com.ng/2016/12/07/nigeria-leads-other-west-african-countries-to-ban-dirty-fuels-from-europe/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958152 | 504 | 2.046875 | 2 |
1 Samuel 31
Please use one of the prompts below to get your journaling started.
- Explore your fears and what’s behind them.
- Write about a relational conflict you are experiencing.
- List out all that you are grateful for.
- Recall a significant reaction, conversation or event.
Bible Text: 1 Samuel 31 (ESV)
1 Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines and fell slain on Mount Gilboa. 2 And the Philistines overtook Saul and his sons, and the Philistines struck down Jonathan and Abinadab and Malchi-shua, the sons of Saul. 3 The battle pressed hard against Saul, and the archers found him, and he was badly wounded by the archers. 4 Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword, and thrust me through with it, lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and mistreat me.” But his armor-bearer would not, for he feared greatly. Therefore Saul took his own sword and fell upon it. 5 And when his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him. 6 Thus Saul died, and his three sons, and his armor-bearer, and all his men, on the same day together. 7 And when the men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley and those beyond the Jordan saw that the men of Israel had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. And the Philistines came and lived in them.
8 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. 9 So they cut off his head and stripped off his armor and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines, to carry the good news to the house of their idols and to the people. 10 They put his armor in the temple of Ashtaroth, and they fastened his body to the wall of Beth-shan. 11 But when the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard what the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 all the valiant men arose and went all night and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan, and they came to Jabesh and burned them there. 13 And they took their bones and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh and fasted seven days.
1 Samuel 31:11-13 The final word of this chapter is not, however, of death and humiliation but of honor … The people of Jabesh-gilead could not forget or ignore the debt they owe Saul for his swift and valiant rescue when they were at the mercy of Nahash, the king of Ammon (chap. 11). Saul had begun his time as king with courageous and effective leadership as befits a king. For the people of Jabesh-gilead, this moment remains worthy of honor, and they act to ensure that this honor be bestowed even in death. Saul is not to have a place in Israel’s future, but the people of Jabesh-gilead ensure that Saul’s royal moments in Israel’s past will be remembered.
The New Interpreter’s Bible Volume II. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1998), p.1198.
How is God addressing me today?
• What is the theme of this passage in one sentence?
• Write out some key verses from this passage.
• How is God speaking to me through this passage? What are some lessons or applications for my life? | <urn:uuid:0ec93344-04bc-48c0-a1f7-46b45f129f60> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gracepoint-berkeley-devotions.org/fall-2021-12-16/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.982265 | 791 | 2.75 | 3 |
Two Jaguar Cubs
A jaguar mother with her two cubs in a Colombian oil palm plantation.
Rare Jaguar Image
A jaguar cub inspects a camera trap, set up by the cat conservation group Panthera, in a Colombian oil plantation while its sibling looks on.
A jaguar cub grooms itself in a Colombian oil palm plantation.
On the Prowl
A male jaguar walking through a Colombian oil palm plantation. Until now, scientists did not have photographic evidence that jaguars were using oil palm plantations as passageways in the region.
A male jaguar walks past Panthera’s camera trap in a Colombian oil palm plantation.
The same male jaguar walking past Panthera’s camera trap in a Colombian oil palm plantation.
A male jaguar walks through an oil palm plantation in Colombia's Magdalena river valley. Like this one, jaguars usually sport a yellowish coat with a pattern of black spots called rosettes; scientists can identify individual jaguars by their unique pattern of spots.
Distant camera trap photo of a male jaguar in an oil palm plantation, Colombia. | <urn:uuid:4f2a0068-1f03-445b-83c7-da2378eda1d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.livescience.com/20779-jaguars-panthera-camera-trap.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.896073 | 262 | 2.765625 | 3 |
More freshmen at both Harvard and Yale identify as LGBTQ than as politically conservative, according to surveys published by the universities’ student newspapers.
According to Yale Daily News’ “Class of 2022: By the Numbers,” approximately 23 percent of the freshman class identify somewhere along the LGBTQ spectrum. This is up from 21 percent last year and 15 percent in 2016, according to the paper.
At Harvard, a similar student survey in the Harvard Crimson found that more than 18 percent of the freshman class identify as something other than straight. This number has increased every year since 2014, when less than 10 percent of that year’s freshman class identified as nonheterosexual.
Both surveys asked students a wide variety of questions, ranging from their religious affiliation to their birth order. When it comes to political orientation, both Ivy League universities leaned heavily to the left.
Nearly three-quarters of Yale freshmen described themselves as “somewhat” or “very liberal,” while just 10 percent identified as “somewhat” or “very conservative.” The numbers at Harvard were similar, with approximately 64 percent of freshmen respondents identifying as liberal and 12 percent as conservative.
Compared to national data on LGBTQ identity and political persuasion, Harvard and Yale appear to be more liberal and to comprise a higher percentage of sexual minorities.
An August report by the University of Chicago-based GenForward found 15 percent of those aged 18 to 34 in the U.S. did not identify as heterosexual, and a 2016 UCLA-based Higher Education Research Institute (HERI) survey found approximately 9 percent of college freshmen nationwide identified as something other than straight.
When it comes to political persuasion, the HERI survey found 36 percent of freshmen respondents characterized their political views as “far left” or “liberal,” while 22 percent described themselves as “conservative” or “far right.” A 2018 NBC News/GenForward survey of those aged 18 to 34 found 34 percent of respondents identified as Democrats, while 20 percent identified as Republicans. | <urn:uuid:017e58a2-7655-4a2c-843c-06f4eb47d2d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/more-harvard-yale-freshmen-identify-lgbtq-conservative-surveys-find-n909781?icid=related | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967516 | 424 | 1.953125 | 2 |
If you’re looking for a great addition to your backyard, a swimming pool is one of the best you could have. Aside from adding to your home’s aesthetic appeal, it also serves as a perfect spot where you could entertain guests or have fun with the whole family. Indeed, investing in a swimming pool is really worth it no matter what its size is.
When you already have your pool, the next step you should consider is how to make it more relaxing and fun. Nothing is more relaxing than swimming in a warm pool. Even if the summer months are already out, you could still swim in comfortable temperatures as long as you have a pool heating system.
There are different types of pool heating systems to choose from. Read along and learn more about each kind.
Solar pool heating is the most popular pool heating option because of its cost-efficiency. If your home is located in a place that receives a lot of sunlight, then this pool heating option would work great for you. You can run a solar pool heater for a longer time without worrying about your electric bill. Aside from that, this heating type is also eco-friendly since it uses a renewable energy source to power it. You could enjoy a warm swimming pool all day long with free heating when you opt for a solar heating system.
Electric Pool Heating
Electric pool heating is another popular way of heating a pool. It works by collecting the heat from the surrounding air and use it to heat the pool water via a heat exchanger. Since it can still heat the pool even without sunlight, it is a popular option for those areas that don’t experience much sunny climate. Electric heat pumps can heat a pool fast however, it consumes much electricity when running which could definitely make your electric bill soar up when you’re using it regularly.
Gas Pool Heating
Lastly, a gas pool heating system is another way to keep your pool warm and comfortable. It uses gas as its power source and you have better control over the preferred water temperature. Although gas pool heating is highly effective, it is the most expensive way of heating a pool because it is gas-powered. However, it could heat up a pool faster than any other heating system with any temperature of your choice.
Aside from the pool, gas pool heating is also popular in heating spa water where heat is greatly important for hydrotherapy and other spa treatments. When your location doesn’t get much sun or when your climate is naturally cool, a gas pool heating system would be more effective for your pool.
There are plenty of pool heating systems you could choose from. There are plenty of factors to be considered when choosing one such as the climate, frequency of pool use, purpose of pool, and many more. If you’re not sure which one to choose, consult an expert in pool heating to know which the right one for your pool is. | <urn:uuid:c1799fb4-e2f2-4068-b385-86a81db06023> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://spdoors.com.au/different-types-of-pool-heating-systems/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.971605 | 595 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Oily skin and acne are challenging to manage. Still, home remedies can reduce symptoms without the use of prescription drugs or expensive skin care regimens.
Sebum is an oily substance made of fats. Sebum isn’t all bad since it helps protect and moisturize your skin and keep your hair shiny and healthy. Too much sebum, however, may lead to oily skin, which can lead to clogged pores and acne.
Oily skin is the result of the overproduction of sebum from sebaceous glands. These glands are located under the skin’s surface.
Genetics, hormone changes, or even stress may increase sebum production.
8 Easy Ways to Stop an Oily Face
1. Wash your face
It seems obvious, but many people with oily skin don’t wash their face daily. If your skin’s oily, you should wash your face twice a day — but don’t overdo it. Avoid harsh soaps or detergents.
Use a gentle soap such as glycerin soap instead
2. Cosmetic clay
Cosmetic clays, also called healing clays, are used to help absorb skin oil and treat many skin conditions. French green clay is a popular treatment for oily skin and acne since it’s highly absorbent. French green clay comes in powder form.
To make a spa-worthy French green clay mask:
Add filtered water or rose water to about a teaspoon of clay until it forms a pudding-like consistency.
Apply the clay mixture to your face and leave it on until it dries.
Remove the clay with warm water and pat dry.
Clay masks removed with water are much gentler on your skin than peel-off masks.
3. Blotting papers
These thin, small papers won’t prevent your sebaceous glands from going into overdrive, but they’ll allow you to blot excess oil from your face to help minimize shiny, greasy skin.
Blotting papers are inexpensive and available over the counter. Use as needed throughout the day.
Honey is one of nature’s most revered skin remedies. Thanks to its antibacterial and antiseptic abilities, it may benefit oily and acne-prone skin.
Honey is also a natural humectant, so it helps keep the skin moist but not oily. This is because humectants draw moisture from the skin without replacing it.
To use honey to treat acne and manage oily skin, spread a thin layer, preferably raw, onto your face. Let it dry for about 10 minutes, and rinse thoroughly with tepid water.
5. Egg whites and lemon
Egg whites and lemons are a folk remedy for oily skin. Both ingredients are thought to tighten pores. The acid in lemons and other citrus fruits may help absorb oil. According to a 2008 study, lemons have antibacterial abilities.
To make an easy egg white and lemon face mask:
Combine 1 egg white with 1 teaspoon freshly squeezed lemon juice.
Apply it to your face, and leave it on until the mask dries.
Remove with warm water, and pat dry.
Attention ! This mask isn’t a good choice for people with egg allergies.
Oatmeal helps calm inflamed skin and absorb excess oil. It also helps exfoliate dead skin.
Oatmeal, when used in facial masks, is usually ground. It can be combined with yogurt, honey, or mashed fruit such as bananas, apples, or papaya.
To use oatmeal on your face:
Combine 1/2 cup ground oats with hot water to form a paste.
Stir in 1 tablespoon honey.
Massage the oatmeal mixture into your face for about three minutes. Rinse with warm water, and pat dry.
Alternatively, apply the oatmeal mixture to your face and leave it on for 10 to 15 minutes. Rinse with warm water, and pat dry.
7. Aloe vera
Aloe vera is known for soothing burns and other skin conditions. According to the Mayo Clinic, there’s good scientific evidence that it helps treat flaky skin caused by oily patches.
Many people use aloe vera to treat oily skin. You can apply a thin layer to your face before bedtime and leave it on until morning.
Aloe vera is known to cause allergic reaction on sensitive skin. If you haven’t used aloe vera before, test a small amount on your forearm. If no reaction appears within 24 to 48 hours, it should be safe to use.
Ground almonds not only work to exfoliate your skin, but they also help sop up excess oils and impurities. To use make and use an almond face scrub:
Finely grind raw almonds to make 3 teaspoons.
Add 2 tablespoons of raw honey.
Apply to your face gently, in circular motions.
Rinse with warm water, and pat dry.
You can also make an almond face mask by grinding the almonds into a paste before adding the honey. Leave the mask on for 10–15 minutes. Rinse with warm water, and pat dry.
Preventing oily skin
When oily skin is caused by genetics or hormones, it’s tough to prevent. Practicing consistent skin care and avoiding unhealthy foods, such as fried foods, foods high in sugar, and processed foods may help.
When oily skin acts up, reduce the use of makeup, especially foundation. Choose water-based products instead of oil-based. Look for products labeled noncomedogenic that are less likely to clog pores.
When to see a doctor
It’s possible to develop allergies to remedies you’ve been using for a while. If your skin becomes sensitive to any product, discontinue use.
If a home remedy worsens symptoms, stop using it, and contact your doctor or a dermatologist.
You should also seek medical help if oily skin symptoms such as acne are severe, since they may lead to infection or scarring.
♥Be the most beautiful babe! Good luck!♥ | <urn:uuid:6299d6fc-8cd7-41e4-a11d-1fbe820d1438> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://24beautytutorial.com/home-remedies-for-oily-skin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.919567 | 1,289 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Informed Search: A* Search
Where are we going?
Before I start this week’s newsletter, I want to welcome all the new subscribers, welcome.
In a previous newsletter we talked about uninformed search (BFS, DFS, IDS, and DLS). While its not a pre-requisite, you may want to read that before proceeding with this one…if you haven’t. In uninformed search, we discussed algorithms that were primarily focused on finding a solution (if it exists) with no other knowledge determining their path to the solution.
Funny story, growing up with my brother, the shortest path to any destination was the path that wasn’t paved. If it went through inner streets, through houses, and non-conventional paths, it was considered a “shortcut”. Sometimes this was true, other times, we found out at the end of the journey that we had made a terrible error in judgement.
To demonstrate, suppose we had to move from the start box to the end box, what would be our shortest path? What if we had blockers on the way? How then do we find our shortest path?
My brother and I would sometimes take new paths to same destination in order to measure the distance, time, and effort it takes to arrive in comparison to previous paths. We had no way of measuring and estimating the cost of a path choice until we had made it. A* addresses the issue of estimating the cost of a path choice before taking it.
A* Heuristic Search
A* heuristic search is an algorithm that calculates and estimates the cost of all possible paths, then taking the most cost efficient path. The algorithm determines its next step through the minimum value of `f` where `f = g + h`. Where `g` is the cost to get to that box, and h is the cost from that box to the destination.
g is the cost so far, while h is the cost from the current location to the destination
The cost from a given box to the final destination is calculated using either Euclidean or Manhattan distance. Euclidean distance favors a straight path thus it is often more accurate, however, it is also slower.
Back to our original story, using heuristic search, we could have figured out the cost of taking a path before we actually take it. This would mean we would spend a little more time thinking about the path to take, but we will eventually save more time and effort because we would always make the right choice by picking the shortest path.
Our shortest path would look something like this:
A* is implemented using a priority queue in a BFS search. The priority of the next step is calculated using the heuristic function described above. At each step, we calculate the value of f, and add the grid to our priority queue using the value of f. For those unfamiliar with queues, priority queues, linkedlists, etc, if you want me to cover those, just let me know.
Euclidean distance is calculated as:
` h = sqrt((x_start - x_destination)^2 + (y_start - y_destination)^2) `
Manhattan distance is calculated as:
`h = abs(x_start - x_destination) + abs(y_start - y_destination)`
You can view my repl.it link for A* using Manhattan distance here: https://replit.com/@imoris11/astarmanhattan
In our example, we attempt to move from A to B as shown below
We can move horizontally, vertically, and horizontally.
Manhattan distance will output the following:
The Euclidean distance will output the following:
As we can see, the Euclidean distance does favor a straight line approach. To see the code for euclidean distance, view this repl.it
A* is applied in maps to find the shortest path between two positions. Other applications of A* are products that require moving between two locations while avoiding possible obstacles. A* is often referred to as the search algorithm with “brains” as it has the ability to calculate and estimate the cost of a path before taking it. Dijsktra’s search algorithm is a special form of A* that has a `h` value of 0. We will cover Dijkstra’s algorithm in a later newsletter.
We had previously covered uninformed search, so I thought it’d be nice to cover at least one informed search algorithm. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I enjoyed writing it. If you’re not a paying subscriber, what are you waiting for? Click on subscribe and update to become a paid subscriber. Thank you and see you next week! | <urn:uuid:fc480f94-4588-4d0f-8364-8c9aba7d7e35> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://beingrichard.substack.com/p/informed-search-a-search | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949047 | 1,008 | 2.625 | 3 |
Background: While significant efforts have been made to engage underserved populations in clinical and translational research, much more needs to be done to reinforce meaningful engagement of minority and underserved patient populations to address disparities. National trends call for the transformation of health care through patient/stakeholder engagement in the systematic evaluation of health outcomes, particularly among marginalized populations. Recent reports highlight the persistence of poor healthcare quality and patient outcomes in specific populations, in particular, underserved minorities.
Proposed Solution to the Problem: In an effort to address the widespread interest in patient-centeredness and stakeholder engagement, the Conference for Community Engagement and Healthcare Improvement (CEHI) was created. With a specific focus on underrepresented minorities and underrepresented researchers (i.e., nurse researchers), the objective of this conference is to fill gaps in knowledge, skills, and practice by building capacity within these groups to successfully implement comparative effectiveness research and patient-centered outcomes research.
Objectives: The project team’s objective is to host an in-person conference, titled 2017 Conference for Community Engagement and Healthcare Improvement (CEHI). At this conference, research findings, evidence-based practices, and tools centering on patient-centered outcomes research will be summarized and communicated in an effort to develop successful community-based, patient-centered programs of research and improve the access to and utilization of research findings.
Activities: To ensure that the objectives and aims of the CEHI conference are met, the team will host keynote presentations, workshops, and podium and poster presentations.
- Developed research agenda round three areas of health importance in South Texas, namely a) opioid abuse, b) cancer survivorship, and c) minority caregiver issues
- Increased capacity in nursing researchers to implement and communicate essential elements of their patient-centered outcomes research
- Establishment and expansion of collaborations between academic and practice-based nurse researchers and patient- and stakeholder-based communities and organizations.
Patient and Stakeholder Engagement Plan: The program committee for the 2017 Conference on Community Engaged Healthcare Improvement includes patient stakeholders, clinician stakeholders, healthcare system stakeholders, PCOR content experts, methods experts, and conference planning experts. Each will continue to actively participate in monthly teleconferences and ad hoc meetings and will be a significant contributor to the generation of topics and presentations at the conference. Stakeholder organizations and PCORI-funded investigative teams are also engaged in the conference with time dedicated in the program for them to disseminate their PCOR outcomes.
Project Collaborators: Collaborators include the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, University of Texas at San Antonio, The University of the Incarnate Word, the Department of Defense, Brooks Army Military Medical Center, The Louise H. Batz Foundation, Adelante U.S. Education Leadership Fund, the San Antonio Chapter of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, US TOO Military Prostate Cancer Survivor Support Group, and iConquer MS PPRN.
Project Resource: Agenda | <urn:uuid:5d27efaf-b0d8-4922-9307-4c764fd012f1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pcori.org/research-results/2017/2017-conference-community-engagement-and-healthcare-improvement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.915801 | 619 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Poet Stephen Kuusisto, born legally blind, got his first guide dog in midlife, after years of what he describes as internalized “disability prejudices” that kept him tethered to a very restricted context. Corky, a yellow Lab from Guiding Eyes, gave Kuusisto the freedom to explore new places, and it proved to be a life-changing partnership. The poet recently discussed his new book, Have Dog, Will Travel (Simon & Schuster), with The Bark’s Claudia Kawczynska.
Bark: There’s so much joy in Have Dog, Will Travel, and so many revelations. For example, it’s a misconception that guide dogs control their humans’ movements; tell us a little more about how guide dogs really work with their people.
Stephen Kuusisto: It’s useful to think of a guide dog as an assistant. As you say, there’s a misconception that the dog is in control; there’s even a guide-dog school called Pilot Dogs—their name tends to give that impression. But the dog assistant is cueing on her human partner. She’s asking, “What do we do now? Where are we going next?” And this is what makes a guide-dog team so interesting. The blind must study the world and know where they want to go, then provide clear instructions to their dogs. In turn, the doggies say, “Ah! Got it! Let’s go!” I never cease to think of this as amazing.
B: Clearly, pet dogs should be leashed around guide dogs, and they should not be allowed to interfere with dogs on duty. Any other guide-dog-related “do not’s” you’d like to share?
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SK: You can really get guide-dog users going when you ask questions like this, since there are so many people we encounter who insist on petting a working dog (which in fact the dogs don’t like) or who talk to our dogs (baby talk) or, as you suggest, let their pet dogs rubberneck with a guide. Off-leash dogs are the worst, but let’s face it, plenty of people will encourage their leashed dogs to “say hello.” I once purchased a sign for Corky’s harness that said, “Don’t Pet Me, I’m Working” but no one paid any attention to it. Most well-trained guide dogs can manage these nuisances, but it’s true: you shouldn’t distract or interrupt a working dog.
B: I loved that you were told to shower Corky with praise. Seems a good lesson for all dog people, don’t you think?
SK: Yes. As I say in the book, I realized when the guide-dog trainers were instructing me about using lots of praise—using it all day, every day—that I didn’t know much about praise. We’re taught next to nothing about it. Most of us are taught competitiveness and snippiness instead of enthusiastic kindness. Telling your dog every hour that she’s a really good dog makes you realize that goodness is a thing to be honored.
SK: This is a really interesting subject. Many people don’t realize that no two blind people are alike. We tend to see a disability and think it’s static, that everyone is the same. But when you think about it, a disability—any disability—is no more definitive than any other arbitrary label. Take taxi drivers in New York City: There are roughly 12,000 cab drivers in NYC and they’re all fantastically unique.
So guide dog schools have to pair individual dogs with the person, not the disability. In my case, I’m a very, very fast walker and I travel a lot. Corky was a super-fast walker, and she didn’t mind going to unusual or strange places. One of my favorite photographs of her shows her sitting in the bow of a Venetian gondola, looking out over the city. She was always up for adventure. Unflappable.
My other guide dogs have also been speedy and exceptional travelers but again, just like people, they all have different personalities. Corky was loving, but also regal. When we got home after a long day, she’d sometimes find her own corner of the house and have a good nap. My third guide dog was named Nira and, believe it or not, she was actually Corky’s half-sister because their mutual father’s sperm was preserved at the Guiding Eyes’ breeding program. Nira was very much like Corky, but with this one difference: she loved swimming and retrieving sticks. Corky thought that was kid stuff. My current guide dog is named Caitlyn and she wants to be beside me whatever I’m doing. So she follows me from room to room in our house.
B: Since starting out with your first guide dog at the age of 38, have you seen changes in the way society views the blind and their service dogs?
SK: Unfortunately, no. I think that blindness is a low-incidence disability and in addition to that, there aren’t many guide-dog teams in the United States. We think the number of active guide-dog teams is somewhere between 15 and 20 thousand. We’re a genuine minority, us guide dog users. Every month, I read a story about a blind person and her dog being hassled or turned away from a business, and one would think that after all these years, we’d be further along. On the other hand, it remains a daily truism that people smile like crazy when they see a guide dog.
B: What’s your position on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) —basically, does it serve the needs of the disabled the way it ought to?
SK: The ADA is the widest-ranging and most comprehensive piece of civil-rights legislation ever passed in the United States, and it has become the model for disability-based laws around the world. At the time of this interview, there are politicians and lobbyists in Washington who are working hard to make the ADA less effective, largely at the behest of organizations like the Better Business Bureau; many businesses resent having to become disability-compliant and are looking for ways to opt out of the ADA’s penalties. Resistance to the rights of the disabled isn’t over by a long shot.
B: Any ideas on how to control the misuse of the guide- and service-dog designations?
SK: In terms of the ADA and guide dogs, the law takes a broad view of service dogs—in effect, if a dog serves a demonstrated purpose helping a disabled person, it’s a service dog. You can’t ask for an identification card or proof of a disability if you’re a business or airline. That’s good, because no one would want to disclose their medical history to strangers. The downside of this is that unscrupulous people who simply want to take their pet dogs on airplanes can easily game the system by faking Fido as a service dog. Truthfully, I don’t know what to do about this.
B: You teach disabilities studies courses. Tell us a little more about this discipline, and what these courses cover.
SK: My friends Brenda Brueggemann and Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, who are terrific scholars in the field, describe it this way: “Disability Studies is an interdisciplinary grassroots scholarly movement that has emerged from the academic turn toward identity studies, an awareness of the need for diversity in scholarly topics, and the recognition that disability is a political rights and integration issue. … This view defines ‘disability’ not as a physical defect inherent in bodies (just as gender is not simply a matter of genitals, nor race a matter of skin pigmentation), but rather, as a way of interpreting human differences. In other words, this critical perspective considers ‘disability’ as a way of thinking about bodies rather than as something that is wrong with bodies.” That’s the best initial definition of what we aim to study. If you think about it, disability is all around us—from Moby Dick to architecture, from Shakespeare to sociology. It’s an exciting time to be teaching about disability. This semester, I’m teaching a graduate course at Syracuse University on disability in global literature. We’re looking at how disability is featured in novels from Europe, Africa, South America and so forth. Next fall, I’ll be teaching a course on the role of service animals in disability culture. What fun! | <urn:uuid:ec3bb237-17f5-45b2-bf1b-d5aa444b078e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://drupal-463105-1589246.cloudwaysapps.com/content/qa-stephen-kuusisto-author-have-dog-will-travel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958163 | 1,887 | 1.679688 | 2 |
A Few Air Conditioner Tips
Preserving your air conditioner in good working order is important. It is best to learn just a few air conditioner tips to be sure you get essentially the most of your investment. These are very helpful as a result of they’ll assist keep your air conditioner working smoothly for years to come back.
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First, you should clean it. In your air conditioner manual it is best to see how typically it needs to be cleaned. If it was model new, you should look for signs of wear and tear earlier than you clear it. It is going to value more to get the air conditioner cleaned than it would to buy a new one.
You should clean the filter, which can remove any mud particles which might be left in it. Cleaning will also remove chlorine, which is a type of gasoline and will be harmful to your well being. It could trigger coughs and sore throats. In case you discover this taking place to you, keep in thoughts that you have to wash the filter each month.
The inside of the air conditioner should also be cleaned. It is best to remove the hoses and test them for wear and tear. If the hoses are worn out, change them with new ones. They’re usually easier to make use of, but can save you money in the long term.
The most typical place to find indicators of wear and tear is the wiring. This may need to be repaired or replaced if it is too broken. Air conditioners must be replaced as soon as a 12 months, but the earlier you get a new unit, the higher. This manner you’ll keep away from the price of repairs, and you’ll keep your air conditioner operating longer.
Now that your air conditioner is able to go, the next step is to take care of it. It is best to use the same airconditioner tips that you use in the case of keeping your house in form. You should not depart the home windows open through the summer season, particularly if it’s extremely popular outside. You’ll heat up the home too much, which is able to have an effect on the air conditioner.
If you happen to do need to depart home windows open, it is best to strive to maintain it away from direct sunlight. Keep in the shade throughout the summer season, and keep a giant window blind for winter. The identical goes for when you find yourself inside, so you need not look on the sun for as long as possible.
You must also flip off the AC as quickly as you get residence from work. In the winter, you need to flip it off, while you’re nonetheless home. The house cooling system will then take over and keep the room at a cushty temperature. The AC ought to be checked by the mechanic repeatedly to make sure it is running correctly.
If you live in an space where the weather gets loads of snow, the air conditioner ideas might change. Within the winter, it’s important to maintain the unit in the freezer to prevent a lot condensation build up. If the unit is used usually in the winter, you will find yourself having to substitute it sooner than if you happen to purchased an affordable unit that was meant for a daily summer.
With warm temperatures, the air conditioner ought to be set up in one of the best ways possible to maintain the temperature low. This can assist the unit work efficiently. If you are feeling the temperature round 50 levels Fahrenheit, it is best to flip it down somewhat bit, and if you are feeling it dropping right down to beneath 30 degrees, you need to keep it on full blast.
The air conditioner suggestions above is not going to cover the entire things that needs to be achieved. Nonetheless, it is best to keep these tips in thoughts before you go on the lookout for a brand new unit. Sometimes, it’s just better to depart one thing good in the identical situation that it’s in. rather than investing in a new one instantly.
With these air conditioner suggestions, you have to be able to maintain your air conditioner working easily and effectively. You will even be in a position to save cash by avoiding repairs and changing of the unit.
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Even more guidelines from advisable publishers: | <urn:uuid:07f26aa7-d1cf-4179-a417-b186ee7fc81f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://popmagazine.website/a-few-air-conditioner-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.955952 | 968 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Did you know that the month of September is National Preparedness Month? Yep, it’s a real thing. And you know what? I love that there’s a designated month on the calendar where it’s cool to talk about the scary real possibility of disasters happening.
On Instagram this week I talked about how we’re slowly rebuilding our winter stockpile of food (and TP of course…) and how this stockpile saved my family last year when Hurricane Zeta tore through my part of the world. Luckily our home didn’t sustain any damage but we were without power and without the ability to drive far from home due to flooding, down power lines, and the roads being such a mess no one could pass through them.
Having our generator and the food we stockpiled away meant that my family was 100% okay. It, more importantly, meant that we were able to gift our neighbors food from our stockpile.
Another thing that helped us during this time was having cash on hand at home. We were able to purchase fuel for the generator despite the gas station not having internet access (for their card readers) and the only form of payment being accepted was cash.
What to have on hand in case of an emergency.
I wanted to share with you a quick list of things that you can start gathering together this month to help you should an emergency arise.
- A modest stockpile of non-perishable foods (see video below for what I usually keep in ours & if you have a pet make sure to have a modest stockpile of their food as well).
- Bottle water (the best tip I got growing up was to immediately clean then fill your bathtub(s) with water if you do not have bottled water on hand when disaster strikes. If disaster strikes but your water is still running, fill up those tubs just in case!)
- If you have infants or toddlers, stock up on formula and diapers.
- Feminine hygiene products.
- Cash (this doesn’t need to be thousands of dollars but a hundred dollars or so – in small bills – should be sufficient in most emergencies to at least purchase fuel or other supplies).
- Candles & matches or lighters.
- Flashlights and extra batteries.
- Portable charger.
- Toilet Paper (or camp wipes)
- If you have a wood-burning fireplace, make sure to have seasoned firewood on hand.
- Fireproof safe/box (to store your sensitive documents like your Will, birth certs & passports).
- Basic medications (pain killers, cough medications, or any specific medications that your family would need to have access to should an emergency arise like an EpiPen).
- Consider a sleeping bag for every person. This is a great way to stay warm should your power go out and you have no way to heat your home in winter.
- Generator (if you have the budget for one – keep in mind that older generators typically do not use “clean” power and you, therefore, cannot charge your phone or laptop properly and could cause damage).
- Emergency radio
- And last but never least, a Bible.
Of course, there are probably specific things that your family may need but hopefully, this list will help get you thinking about what you’d need in the event of a disaster. And if you have been impacted by Hurricane Ida, my prayers are with you. I know that if you lived through Katrina this is another gut-wrenching moment for you and your family. And I’m truly sorry for your losses from this storm.
What we typically stockpile.
Below is the video that showcases our stockpile from last year – even though some folks in the comments on YouTube were apparently upset by me not being super organized. So if you’re offended by those sorts of things, this may not be the video for you. 😉
Other things to consider…
In addition to the above list of possible things to consider in your emergency preparedness plan, these things should be considered as well. Especially depending on where you live and the type of storms you may encounter.
- Do you have a shelter plan? (this could be for work, home, or if you needed to go to a mass shelter – where would you go if there was a tornado?)
- Do you have or know what your evacuation route is?
- Do you have a communication plan with your family or extended members of your family?
- Does every member of your family know where the emergency meeting place is? The mailbox? A neighbors house? Also having a meeting place that is outside of the city you live in can be very helpful if your area is prone to catastrophic weather and having to evacuate.
- Do you have a fully-funded emergency fund? Or at least a Starter Emergency Fund? If not, let’s get that growing so you have something to fall back on if disaster strikes!
These are just some of the things to consider when creating your emergency preparedness kit. Obviously, we will never be 100% prepared. Life is really unpredictable and that’s what makes it so beautiful. But I do believe that we can offset some of the chaos that comes in emergencies with a little bit of planning and forethought.
What is something that your family keeps in for emergencies?
See more on what to prepare here at FEMA.
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Join the 5-Day Challenge today and start getting your money life in order this week! | <urn:uuid:a755b339-d2de-4756-8800-0601ee24e02d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jessifearon.com/2021/09/how-to-prepare-for-an-emergency-what-our-family-does.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959397 | 1,201 | 1.914063 | 2 |
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Prevention of occupational exposure of health care workers.
Finally, the published data on the use of фосфазида in the case of prevention of HIV infection among medical workers.
Were compared the results of post-exposure prophylaxis фосфазидом and zidovudine. Of the 32 people with possible occupational HIV infection фосфазид was appointed 14 medical workers at the age from 23 up to 56 years (3 men, 11 women) as monotherapy in the 0.2 g. 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The comparison group amounted to 18 people from 22 to 63 years (5 men and 13 women)who received ZDV 0.2 g 3 times a day for 4 weeks.
The study of the General blood analysis was conducted on 2-nd and 4-th weeks from the beginning of reception of a preparation with the definition of indicators of the red blood, platelets, leukocytes, and leukocyte formula. In the treatment of фосфазидом of complications and adverse reactions had been reported. On the background of zidovudine 16.7% of patients had a discomfort in the area epigastralna, 11.1% of the total weakness. These phenomena were controlled independently in 5-7 days from the beginning of reception of a preparation. In 22% of persons developed neutropenia and anemia. In monitoring patients of both groups within 1 year no stated objective changes of status: the body temperature was normal, lymph nodes, liver, spleen did not increase, violations on the part of other organs and systems is registered. The results of research in иммуноферментном analysis, immune блотинге on HIV and PCR with the determination of HIV RNA was negative.
Thus, it is shown that in a timely manner the appointed post-exposure prophylaxis, carried out with the help of фосфазида or ZDV, is an effective method, prevent the development of HIV-infection in health care workers after an occupational infection, the absence of undesirable phenomena makes use of фосфазида more attractive.
The low toxicity and good tolerability of the фосфазида, makes it advisable to use it in the following cases:
in the various schemes of HAART,
in the therapy of HIV-infection, in combination with the treatment of chronic hepatitis C and tuberculosis,
for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child,
instead of zidovudine during the development of the intolerance of the latter.
The scientific and practical peer-reviewed journal "HIV-infection and immunosuppression, 2012 №2 Volume 4, p-Pb p. 45. | <urn:uuid:1e4c1f28-23f5-40cf-872c-70512bad8cbb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aztpharma.ru/en/articles/profilaktika_professionalnogo_infitsirovaniya_meditsinskih_rabotnikov | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.903829 | 672 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Cross-disciplinary initiatives and centers [P2.S2]
AIM: Develop large collaborative high-impact applied research initiatives and centers that are internationally competitive and are working on global impact concerns in the fields of health, sustainability, information, and technology (engineering) for scientific discovery, where the new engineering will play a pivotal role. These Key Research Initiatives (KRI) will be focused on these four areas but crossed by other enabling technologies such as low cost sensors, complex systems of systems, high-performance computing, big data, and uncertainty quantification to mention some.
An important driver to accelerate the creation of these interdisciplinary initiatives is the development of a critical mass of researchers in each of them and a basic academic supra department structure (division or multi Faculty department) that enables them to operate well within the university and in a compatible manner with the current structure of Faculties and Departments. This new structure is considered in this alliance and in the development plans of the two school of engineering; one example is the new biomedical engineering division. In addition, this program will focus on applied research of high global impact and accelerate the transfer of solutions at a very early stage.
• Development of a critical mass in high impact discovery and innovation
• Fostering research and innovation capabilities
• Lab-to-market accelerator | <urn:uuid:a3a2970c-9bb7-4a43-bf3d-97b39a922e1b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ingenieria2030.org/stage/p2-s2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.926891 | 275 | 2.03125 | 2 |
It is estimated that 25,000 children worldwide die every day from hunger or other preventable causes. Thanks to CRWRC and a $1 million grant of the United States government, the number of child deaths in parts of Bangladesh has decreased dramatically over the past five years.
In 2004, CRWRC was awarded $1,098,152 by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to carry out a child survival program in two rural districts of Bangladesh and four slums in the capital city of Dhaka.
Working through its existing community partners, CRWRC helped people organize themselves into community-based organizations (CBO), receive training, and address numerous factors that were contributing to childhood disease and death.
“During the five years, we saw great health outcomes,” reports CRWRC staff member Kohima Daring. “More women having safe deliveries with skilled attendants, more mothers and children vaccinated, increased prenatal medical care, improved child nutrition, and more babies being exclusively breast-fed.”
“In many of the target areas, health facilities are several kilometers away and are poorly staffed,” notes CRWRC staff member Nancy TenBroek. “By training community health volunteers and community birth attendants, we saw health statistics for mothers and children improve dramatically.”
Another part of the child survival program involved creating an emergency health fund. One of the big problems in poor communities is lack of funds for medical treatment. If people can’t afford to pay for transportation to a clinic or hospital, or if they don’t have funds to purchase medicine, they often die from easily treatable diseases.
The CRWRC program helped CBOs start an “emergency health fund” that could be accessed as interest-free loans for medical care and transportation. Members of the community each contributed a small amount to the fund each week. Teachers, professionals, and other middle-class members of the community also contributed to the fund. The fund is now accessible to anyone in the community who has a need. The CBOs work out a repayment plan that fits the circumstances of the family that has the health emergency.
“We’ve heard numerous stories of how this fund has been used,” says TenBroek. “For example, a young mother with a complicated delivery needed to get to the hospital. The birth attendant arranged for a loan from the fund and traveled on a rickshaw with the mother 12 kilometers to the nearest health facility. Mother and child are both doing well. It is exciting to hear these stories and see the community working together for better health care.”
In June 2009 a team of 15 people, led by International Health Systems consultant Dr. Frank Baer, evaluated the child survival program. The team was impressed by what they saw.
“Many people interviewed felt that [the CRWRC child survival program] has significantly reduced child and maternal deaths,” said Dr. Baer. “It is estimated that there has been a 34 percent reduction of under-5 mortality in the project area.” A 34 percent reduction in child mortality is the equivalent of saving the lives of 399 children in the target area over the five-year period.
Based on the success of this initial program, CRWRC has applied for another five-year child survival project in Bangladesh and has been recommended for another USAID award. The new project is scheduled to start in October 2009, pending final approval. | <urn:uuid:fbccf417-4b2b-493a-a44b-7f658fa6d831> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thebanner.org/together/2011/01/saving-lives-in-bangladesh | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.964205 | 724 | 2.625 | 3 |
The circumstances surrounding extradition are extremely delicate in regards to this question. The only way extradition may be challenged is if there is a mistake of identity. Extradition arises when a person is charged with a crime under state statute and flees the state. Most states will follow the procedures set forth in the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act when extraditing an accused from one state to another. Under the U.S. Constitution, states are not given the power to review the underlying charge can only consider whether the petitioner is the person named in the request for extradition. For these reasons, it would be best to seek experienced counsel that is well versed in this area of law and can represent you in the state of your crime.
If you have any further questions regarding criminal law in Connecticut, please contact Joseph C. Maya, Esq. at (203) 221-3100 or e-mail him directly at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:86f1068f-bd14-4e5d-895e-3f8caee44829> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mayalaw.com/tag/extradition/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.929815 | 193 | 1.820313 | 2 |
[OSGeo-Discuss] OpenCitySmart - The Open platform for Smart Cities
Suchith.Anand at nottingham.ac.uk
Sun Jan 31 02:17:32 PST 2016
Inspite of all the technological advancements, it is a sad fact that majority of the world's poorest living in urban areas do not still have access to basic facilities (clean water, proper sanitation and hygiene facilities , good quality education opportunities etc). In order to achieve UN Millennium Development Goals it is essential to develop infrastructure facilities, strengthen the muncipal authorities and local city government organisations ( reduce corruption etc) in the developing world for helping improving the living standards of the people.
GIS is fundamental technology in infrastructure development and high cost proprietary GIS is unaffordable to governments, town planners and local authorities in developing and economically poor countries. With the availability of free and open source GIS technologies it now offers a great opportunity for governments and municipal authorities in developing countries also to implement GIS tools for their decision making and implementation needs (without having to pay huge licencing costs to proprietary GIS vendors) and help improving the lives of some of the most poorest people and by giving the geospatial tools to the municipal authorities for their decision making and implementation needs will help in improving the living standards of the people. We need to empower people and communities (NOT enslaving them by continuing forcing them to pay high licencing costs) to make sure our future generations are fully empowered .
Thanks to our Geo4All colleagues globally, we have already seen many examples of the potential of Geo technologies in empowering communities and helping improving the lives of some of the most poorest people . By capacity building staff and students and by providing the geospatial tools to the municipal authorities for their infrastructure upgradation programs etc ( which in the long term will result in providing clean water, proper sanitation and hygiene facilities, electricity etc) will help in improving the living standards of the people.
It is with these aims that the Geo4All community decided to work on OpenCitySmart - The Open platform for Smart Cities. Thanks to the leadership shown by Patrick Hogan (NASA) and Prof.Chris Pettit (University of South Wales) and our amazing team of volunteers, we are now rapidly expanding this in collaborations with universities, government organisations and industry.
Open City Smart builds and uses open solutions to build richer toolboxes that empower organisations and people all around the globe to handle spatial (and non-spatial) data.This will create innovation opportunities globally and locally. For example, the startup community is especially open to the use of open software and data avoiding huge licensing costs and restrictions which may impact on their business plans, raise early start-up costs and restrict their ability to innovate and it frees them of the need to use proprietary software and data allowing them greater branding freedom and product flexibility. If you look through our Geo4All labs lists, you will see there is already good examples of cross fertilisation of activities from universities/industry happening. For example, the Open Source Geospatial Laboratory at ETH Zurich is linked with SourcePole and more university labs are working to expand collaborations with industry and also help their students to create more startups in the future. If you look at OSGeo UK Chapter and there are now many SMEs in the UK (generating hundreds of highly skilled jobs) who are service providers and doing training etc in this and we need to think of ways to expand more opportunities and help create more new highly skilled jobs locally and globally .
GeoforAll have at our disposal all the most advanced and powerful geospatial software from the Open Source Geospatial Foundation, NASA's World Wind, AURIN's What if and many more open solutions (build on open standards and open data) to build richer toolboxes that empower people all around the globe to handle spatial (and non-spatial) data for Open City Smart. We also have dedicated global infrastructure through over 100 ICA-OSGeo-ISPRS research labs now established across the planet in the top research universities (mostly in USA and Europe but we are rapidly expanding in Asia and globally) and more importanly we have the amazing, dedicated and talented people power making this happen.
So we warmly welcome you to join us and expand collaborations through joint research projects and bids that our colleagues are actively working on. If you and your research group have the expertise in urban science, smart cities, and wish to be part of these collaborations, please make you add your details and expertise to our list at https://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Opencitysmart and we will contact those with needed expertise for our various bids (to H2020, NSF and other national research funding organisations) that we are working on.
We also welcome active participation from universities and SMEs for our NASA Europa CitySmart Challenge . Details at http://eurochallenge.como.polimi.it (Thanks to Prof. Maria Brovelli and Patrick Hogan for thier help)
We will have a dedicated session on OpenCitySmart at the GeoBigData workshop organised by the Geospatial IG of the Research Data Alliance https://rd-alliance.org/groups/geospatial-ig.html on 8th June 2016 at University of Nottingham (coinciding with RDA Chairs meeting which will be hosted jointly by the University of Nottingham and British Geological Survey in Nottingham).
You can view overview of OpenCitySmart at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWuMfMMPfPw (This was presented at European Space Agency's Earth Observation Science 2.0 conference at ESRIN, Frascati, Italy) . Thanks to Ant Beck for the video.
We welcome everyone interested to join synergies and work together to expand OpenCitySmart opportunities and enable Geo technologies in empowering communities and helping improving the Quality of Life and standards of living for everyone. Let us all work together to help create a world that is more accessible, equitable and full of innovation and opportunities for everyone.
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More information about the Discuss | <urn:uuid:8b7a6d00-feb3-4b92-8370-1e5582a8d021> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/discuss/2016-January/015555.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.907048 | 1,578 | 2.5 | 2 |
Sunn Hemp, a tropical legume, is used in many tropical countries as the number one soil builder and cover crop for reclaiming poor land.There are millions of acres of this crop grown in other countries. Brazil calls it their number one soil builder. Sunn hemp is originally from India and has been grown since the dawn of agriculture. It has been grown as a green manure, livestock feed for forage, hay, and for non-wood fiber.
In 1931 USDA proclaimed sunn hemp excellent for building the soil. Since that time the use of sunn hemp in the US was almost unheard of. It has only been in the past few years that knowledge and benefits of this plant have taken root in the U.S.
Click the “size” box to choose different weights of bags available for this product!Order Online or Call (251) 827-6594
Sunn hemp is a tropical legume whose claim to fame is that, 60 days from planting, it is typically over six feet tall, adds 120 pounds of Nitrogen to the soil, 10 pounds of residual Phosphorus and 80 pounds of residual Potash transfers from the subsoil to the topsoil, supplies four tons of organic matter, is a great soil builder, as well as increasing drought tolerance and yield and cash value of the next crop. During its first 60 days, sunn hemp mines 38 lbs. of Calcium, 20 lbs. of Sulfur, and 40 lbs. of Magnesium to the surface soil. It also brings up trace nutrients that are necessary for plant growth.
Sunn hemp has an outstanding mychorizae that all other plants can utilize and benefit from. This is what brings unbelievable health, in part, to plants such as cotton or strawberries, and all other plants seeded after it.
All livestock and wildlife thrive on sunn hemp. The leaves of sunn hemp are 30 percent protein. We have not found yet anything that eats vegetation that does not thrive on sunn hemp.
Sunn hemp is not an invasive weed. In fact, it smothers out 99.9 % of all weeds and is allelopathic to Palmer Amaranth. The sunn hemp will not flower and go to seed until the days start getting shorter (mid September in Alabama). There is not enough time for those seeds to mature in our area after flowering.
Sunn hemp is resistant to root-knot and Reniform nematodes. Root-knot and reniform nematodes are a major pest in South Alabama agriculture, and root-knot nematodes are a pest in almost every home garden in South Alabama. Gardeners could plant their spring crop and then in June, July, or August plant the sunn hemp.
Sunn hemp prefers well-drained, sandy soils. Ideal pH is between 5 and 8.2, with an ideal soil temperature of 65°F (however, it will grow at temperatures as low as 48°F. The seed is best planted during Spring, at a depth between 1/4" and 2 inches. It does not need any Nitrogen, however it will respond well to Phosphorus and Potash according to a soil test. No inoculant is needed in the South, however Northern planters can use peanut rhizobium inoculant. Growth will be very slow for the first 30 days, and then will grow rapidly to six feet in height. Temperatures of 28°F or below will terminate the plant. It is an annual and will need to be planted the following year.
Here’s what you can expect when you plant Petcher Seeds’ Sunn Hemp.
15,000 seed / LB.
Sunn Hemp can be planted during April and plant through August.
15 to 30 LBs. / acre
Sunn Hemp fills an incredible number of roles on the farm. It can be used for cattle, sheep and goat grazing, as well as food plot for attracting deer. It can be used for weed control and for reclaiming poor land. It can also be used for your backyard garden. You can read more about these and other uses for Sunn Hemp at our Sunn Hemp 101 section. | <urn:uuid:40dbfad6-c474-44ab-9777-a633badb3a57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://petcherseeds.com/collections/featured-products/products/sunn-hemp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95065 | 894 | 2.375 | 2 |
PRINCE2 Project Management Methodology
What Is PRINCE2?
PRINCE2 is an acronym for Projects IN Controlled Environments. It’s a process-based method for managing a project. As noted, it’s been mostly used by the government in the United Kingdom, but it’s also prevalent in the private sector in the United Kingdom and other places around the world. The key features of PRINCE2 focus on business justification, defining the structure of an organization for the project management team and using a product-based approach. There’s an emphasis on dividing the project into manageable and controllable stages, with flexibility. PRINCE2 provides great control over project resources and excels at managing business and project risk more effectively.
History of PRINCE2
First established in 1989 by the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA), PRINCE2 was originally based on PROMPT, another acronym that stands for Project Resource Organization Management Planning Technique, which was created in 1975 and used by the United Kingdom for its information system projects. PRINCE2 was finally published in 1996, and surprisingly, it is in the public domain.
The PRINCE2 Process
The PRINCE2 process contains the steps that lead to the project objective. There are seven processes that guide the project, each with a set of related activities to help direct, manage and deliver the project.
Start Up the Project
This is where it’s determined whether the project is viable. Once confirmed, it must be approved by the project board. This includes a project brief which contains the business case, the best way to do the project, the name of the person chosen to execute it and a detailed stage plan, which indicates the work that needs to be done by the initiation stage. Activities of this process include the trigger, which is a high-level document stating the project’s mandate. Also, it’s important to do the due diligence before the project is executed to save time and money once the project has started.
Initiate the Project
During this process, several questions need to be addressed: What work must be done in the project? What are the reasons for the project, including risks and benefits and how they’ll be identified and resolved? To answer, define the project scope, including when the products can be delivered without compromising quality. Define how to monitor the project’s progress and who needs to know and how they’ll be informed. The activities associated with this process include constructing risk, configuration, quality and communications management strategies. Also, set up project controls, along with project plan and project initiation documentation.
Direct the Project
This process is to help the project board be accountable to the project through their decision-making. They have authority on initiating the project, delivering its product and closing the project. They also offer direction and control during the project. Additionally, they work with the corporate entities or program management and review post-project benefits. Activities related to this process include authorizing the initiation, the project itself and the stages of the project. Other direction is offered as needed until project closure is authorized.
This is where the project manager assigns tasks, monitors that work, deals with whatever issues arise and reports on its progress to the project board. Activities in this process include authorizing a work package with the team, reviewing its status and progress, and checking on its quality when complete. One must also review and compare progress to the project plan, capture any issues and risks and act to resolve them.
Manage Product Delivery
This process manages the delivery of the project product, controlling the work between the project manager and the team. Activities associated with this process include accepting the work package, executing the work package and delivering the work package to make sure it’s complete.
Manage Stage Boundary
There are two parts to this process: firstly, the project manager provides the project board with an overview of performance, updates the project plan and business case, and creates a plan for the next stage. Secondly, the information provided by the project manager will help the project board review the current stage, approve the next and review the updated plan. Activities include planning the next stage and reporting on the stage end.
Close the Project
This process is about making sure the project achieved its goals and objectives by the deadline. Sometimes project managers prepare the planned closure and the premature closure, but that’s not required. Mandatory activities include handing over the product, evaluating the project and recommending its closure to the project board to officially close it out. | <urn:uuid:db430208-b581-46d8-937b-418f867695ff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.aviorsys.com/project/managment/2020/09/15/prince2-methodology.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.94289 | 962 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Lets talk Ticks *Shudder*
Its that time of year again when those creepy, crawly, parasites are back. A few things you can do to help keep them off of your dog and out of the house.
Topical preventives such as Revolution or Advantage are a great product. The oil is applied in between the shoulder blades and soaked into the skin. When a tick bites onto your dog it slowly shrivels up a dies. I suggest going to your vet rather than the pet store. There have been a lot health stories relating to pet store brands. Do your research, read some reviews, and talk to your vet. There is also a newer oral pill that repels and kills the ticks as well.
Natural Repent Spray
In a spray bottle mix together 1 cup of water, 2 cups of distilled white vinegar(ticks hate the smell and taste), and 2 Tablespoons of vegetable or almond oil (both contain sulfur which is a natural repellent). Spray onto your dog’s dry coat avoiding sensitive areas such as nose, mouth, and genitals. This mixture is also great for humans as well. You can mix up a separate bottle and add a couple of teaspoons of lemon juice, citrus oil, or peppermint oil which will repel ticks and create a nicely scented spray
Well Groomed Coat
Keeping your dog mat free and properly brushed will also help make it easier when it comes to checking for ticks. Ticks like to attach around the muzzle, ears, neck, ribs and armpits. If your dog will tolerate it I suggest taking a hairdryer with the pointed attachment, turning it on cool and low, and slowly running it over your dog. The dryer will help separate the hair to the skin making ticks easier to spot. This only works if your pooch is well brushed.
I’ve found one! Now What?!?
So you have found a tick attached to your dog. We have all heard different ways to remove ticks. Burn the bum, cover in Vick’s Vapor Rub, click your heels 3 times, touch your nose and shout boogie boogie! The easiest way to remove a tick is by grabbing a pair of tweezers and get as close to the head of the tick as you can. Slowly pull the tick off. Avoid “plucking” the tick as this can cause the head to break off. I’m sure that everyone has heard different ways to kill ticks. Burn them, squish them, flush them, etc. The best and most effective way? Drop that little bugger into a container of rubbing alcohol! It sounds disgusting, but I keep a sour cream container with a lid half full of rubbing alcohol under the sink ready to go. Once it gets full I flush it down the toilet and start again. | <urn:uuid:4adcc59f-e9f4-43e6-83ef-b891ed7c67d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mutthutt.ca/ticks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948242 | 586 | 1.585938 | 2 |
- Open Access
Hygienic characteristics of radishes grown in soil contaminated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture volume 2, Article number: 24 (2015)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a plant growth-promoter. This bacterium is also implicated in human diseases. Thus, after the use of this bacterium in agriculture, the safety of the final products has to be verified. Due to the ubiquitous presence of S. maltophilia in soil, in this study a massive contamination was simulated to evaluate the growth and safety of Raphanus sativus L..
Different inoculums and soil treatment conditions were tested. Soils were analysed weekly and the radishes at harvest for their microbial loads and presence/persistence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606. The concentration of the bacterium added in the different trials decreased during the first week, but increased thereafter and determined a significant increase of growth parameters of radishes.
The addition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 to non-autoclaved soil enhanced the productivity of radishes. The bacterium did not internalize in the hypocotyls, but colonized the external surface ensuring the safety of the products. Thus, a sanitizing bath of hypocotyls before consumption is necessary.
Soil fertility is a complex concept that involves many interacting parameters. Cultivated plants may suffer nutritional stresses when the amount or availability of soil nutrients is lower than that required for sustaining metabolic processes in each growth stage . Thus, restoring of nutrients and enhancing their availability by improving soil characteristics and efficiency of plants, are the main objectives of the modern agriculture. Due to the increasing sensitivity to environmental and economic issues, researchers and consumers are more and more aware of the impact of agriculture on the environment. Lowering the use of chemical inputs and the search for alternative ways to improve a more sustainable agriculture is a current challenge .
Sustainable agricultural production systems may be obtained by enhancing the uptake efficiency of nutrient of plants, that might be achieved through a better comprehension of the role of plant–microbe–soil interaction and the association of soil microorganisms with roots in the rhizosphere . Within soil microbiota, plant growth-promoting (PGP) microorganisms constitute a heterogeneous group of bacteria and fungi that have gained particular importance for their stimulating effects. They are able to promote directly plant metabolism by nutritional and/or hormonal ways [4–9] as well as indirectly through the production of antimicrobial compounds, the reduction of iron available to phytopathogens, the synthesis of fungal cell wall-lysing enzymes, the competition with detrimental microorganisms for colonization sites on the roots, and the induced systemic resistance [5, 10].
The most studied PGP rhizobacteria belong to Gram-negative genera . Among these, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important species and represents one of the four dominant bacterial species in the rhizosphere of European cereal cultivations . S. maltophilia is a Gammaproteobacterium distributed worldwide and typically found in soil where it plays a defining role in the nitrogen and sulphur cycles [14–16] and it often dominates the microbial communities detected outside and inside the plants . However, S. maltophilia is a known human pathogen . It may be responsible for respiratory tract infections, bacteremia, biliary sepsis, infections of the bones and joints, urinary tract and soft tissues, endophthalmitis, eye infections, endocarditis and meningitis .
In the last years, the change in lifestyle and the consequent need of consuming ready-to-eat foods determined the increase of fresh-cut vegetable use. Since these products do not undergo any treatment before consumption, their hygienic safety is of paramount importance. Among fresh vegetables, the request of radish is on the increase due to its positive effect on the consumer’s health [20–22].
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an important vegetable of the Brassicaceae family, grown and consumed all over the world, due to its wide adaptation, high yield, and high nutritional content. It is normally consumed in salads and comes in a variety of forms and skin colors. Most known varieties are round and red-skinned. The most popular part for eating is the napiform hypocotyl, although the entire plant is edible and the tops can be used as a leaf vegetable. Radishes are eaten raw or cooked or processed by pickling, canning or drying . Radish is not only a vegetable crop but also an important source of medicinal compounds. In fact, it is used by people with different gastrointestinal, biliary, hepatic, urinary and respiratory disorders, and in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension . An important quality characteristic of radish is the total antioxidant activity due to molecules, such as ascorbic acid and phenol, mainly phenolic acids, with free radical scavenging activity [25, 26]. The protective role of these molecules in the prevention of human degenerative diseases has been widely demonstrated by many studies [27–29]. Moreover, as other Crucifers, radish contains many other compounds as glucosinolates that are associated with cancer protection .
The interaction between S. maltophilia and R. sativus has been recently approached in a floating cultivation system . However, their reciprocal effects in soil and the safety aspects related to the safety of the radishes have not been evaluated yet. In the present study high levels of S. maltophilia were added to soil, simulating a massive environmental contamination, to: investigate the survival of S. maltophilia in soil during the whole crop cycle of R. sativus; evaluate the effects of this bacterium on plants; monitor its transfer to the radishes; and determine their viability in the radishes ready for consumption.
Microbial strain, plant seeds and experimental plan
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia LMG 6606, a strain originating from rhyzosphere as reported in the strain details provided by the Belgian Co-ordinated Collection of Micro-organisms (BCCM/LMG), was propagated in Nutrient Broth (NB) (Oxoid, Milan, Italy) at 28 °C for 24 h. Seeds of radish (R. sativus L.) cultivar Saxa three were purchased from Blumen (Piacenza, Italy).
The experimental plan included eight different conditions for the growth of radish plants: ASS, autoclaved soil inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606; AS, autoclaved soil added with Ringer’s solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy); nASS, non-autoclaved soil inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606; nAS, non-autoclaved soil added with Ringer’s solution; ASSwS, autoclaved soil weekly inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606; ASwR, autoclaved soil weekly added with Ringer’s solution; nASSwS, non-autoclaved soil weekly inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606; nASwR, non-autoclaved soil weekly added with Ringer’s solution. Four replicate pots were produced for each trial. Two independent experiments were performed in two consecutive weeks.
Inoculation of soil and plant development
The pots used in this work were 13.5 cm × 13.5 cm × 16 cm and were filled with 2.5 L of commercial soil SER CA-V7 (Vigorplant Italia srl, Piacenza, Italy). This soil is a mixture of slightly or fully decomposed raised bog peat (pH 6.0) fertilized with 800 g m−3 of a mineral fertilizer (NPK 12-11-18). The pots were previously treated with a NaClO solution (5 % v/v) for 24 h. A part of the bulk soil, placed in autoclave bags, was autoclaved twice (in two consecutive days) for 70 min at 120 ℃ . The fresh inoculums of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 was prepared after overnight development as reported by Settanni et al. . The cell suspension was added to the autoclaved and non-autoclaved soil in the ratio 1:10 (v/v), vigorously mixed with sterile spoons to obtain the homogenous distribution of the bacterial inocula and transferred into the pots (trials ASS, nASS, ASSwS and nASSwS). The trials AS, nAS, ASwR and nASwR were prepared with Ringer’s solution. Seeds of radish were sown in five dibblings for each pot. Pots were watered from below (sub-irrigation) with sterile water, in order to avoid further microbial contamination to the soil and kept at 25 ℃ in a climatic chamber till seed germination. From the third day, the trials ASSwS and nASSwS were weekly added with 300 mL of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 cell suspension (concentration at about 108 CFU mL−1), while the trials ASwR and nASwR were added with the same volume of Ringer’s solution.
After seed emergence, only five plants per pot were left to grow (274 plants m−2). The pots were transferred in an unheated plastic greenhouse and received the same volume of water that varied daily according to environmental conditions and plant needs until harvesting.
The sampling for microbiological analysis included soil during plant growth, aseptically collected as described by Settanni et al. at T 0 and at 7-day intervals, and hypocotyls at harvest, aseptically collected as reported by Settanni et al. : four hypocotyls were collected from each replicate of all trials, two hypocotyls for the direct microbial count and two for the internal S. maltophilia LMG 6606 detection.
Soil samples (10 g) were diluted (1:10) with sodium pyrophosphate (0.16 % w/v) solution in sterile flasks under agitation (10 min at 150 rpm). Radishes (approximately 10 g) were first subjected to the removal of the soil adhering to the surface as described by Brandl et al. and then homogenised in Ringer’s solution by a stomacher (BagMixer® 400, Interscience, Saint Nom, France) at the maximum speed for 2 min. The decimal serial dilutions of both soil and radishes continued in Ringer’s solution. Total mesophilic count (TMC) were determined on Plate Count Agar (PCA) (Oxoid), incubated aerobically at 30 ℃ for 72 h; presumptive S. maltophilia were enumerated on vancomycin–imipenem–amphotericin B (VIA) agar , incubated aerobically at 30 ℃ for 48 h. Plate counts were performed in duplicate.
Data from bacterial counts were averaged and converted to log CFU g−1 dry weight (dw) for soil samples and to log CFU g−1 for radishes. Moisture of soil (5 g) was obtained after drying (24 h at 105 ± 1 ℃) in an oven and weighting the residual.
Recognition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 and evaluation of the internalization
Approximately ten colonies from the two highest dilutions of sample suspensions at each analysis were picked up from VIA agar plates based on their morphology (colour, edge, surface and elevation) and cultured in NB overnight at 30 °C. The cultures were sub-cultivated onto NA and stored in glycerol (20 %, v/v) stocks at –80 °C. The isolates and S. maltophilia LMG 6606 were analysed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) as described by Settanni et al. .
The internal presence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 in radishes was investigated as reported by Settanni et al. . Briefly, radishes of each trials were collected, superficially sterilized and then transferred in stomacher bags, added with VIA broth (final ratio 1:10) and homogenized as reported above.
Analyses of plants
Plants were harvested 4 weeks after sowing and washed accurately with tap water. After air drying, leaves, hypocotyls and roots were separated and the number of leaves and their area, the root elongation and the radish diameter were recorded on four plants for each replicate of each trial. Leaf area of each plant was calculated by digital image analysis. Leaves were scanned (Epson Perfection 4180 Photo, Seiko Epson Corp. Japan) with 350 dpi of resolution and the images were saved in TIFF format. The images were analysed with the ImageJ 1.46r software (National Institutes Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).
Fresh and dry biomass of the different plant parts were calculated by weighting before and after they were oven dried to a constant weight at 80 ℃.
Color of radishes was measured on two points of four hypocotyls from each replicates of all trials, using a colorimeter (Chroma Meter CR-400C, Minolta, Osaka, Japan). The Hunter scale parameters were determined: L (lightness, ranging from 0 to 100, from black to white), a (positive values indicating redness and negative values, greenness) and b (positive values indicate yellowness and negative values, blueness).
The firmness of radishes was determined using a digital penetrometer (mod. 53205, TR Snc. Italy) equipped with a flat 6 mm diameter stainless steel cylinder probe. Four hypocotyls were punched and the mean peak force was calculated in Newton.
Radishes (50 g) were homogenized in 50 mL of distilled water and homogenate centrifuged (5000 rpm, 15 min); the supernatant was taken for analysis of soluble solids content (SSC), ascorbic acid and N–NO3 −. SSC was measured using a digital refractometer (MTD-045nD, Three-In-One Enterprises Co. Ltd. Taiwan). Ascorbic acid and nitrate content were measured by the Reflectoquant test strips and a RQflex hand-held reflectometer (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) [procedures described in Art. 1.16971.0001 and 1.16981.0001 by Merck (http://www.merckmillipore.com/chemicals)].
Water use efficiency (WUE) was calculated as the ratio between total dry weight of plant and total amount of water supplied.
The study was carried out in a completely randomized design. To determine the effects of microorganisms and time on soil microbial load, a two-way ANOVA was carried out. A one way ANOVA was performed for other data. When a significant F value was detected, Tukey–Kramer’s multiple range test was used to determine differences among microbial populations and plant parameters of the different trials (significance level P < 0.05).
Principal components analysis was employed to investigate any underlying relationship among the different trials based on the agronomic and quality parameters of radish plants at harvest. The input matrix for the analysis consisted of leaf number, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry matter, leaf area, root length, root fresh weight, root dry matter, radish fresh weight, radish dry matter, radish diameter, firmness, L*, a*, b*, SSC, nitrate, ascorbic acid, plant WUE. For the selection of the optimum number of principal components (PCs), factors with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 were retained. In addition the plot of the PCs enabled the investigation of correlations between the variables of the input data set. To this end, the initial variables were projected into the subspace defined by the reduced number of PCs (first and second components) and correlated variables were identified. In the current approach, the Principal components analysis was implemented with SPSS version 14.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA).
The microbiological counts of soil during the growth of radishes are reported in Table 1. The interaction microorganisms x time resulted significant for both PCA and VIA media (P < 0.001). The autoclaved soil un-inoculated showed a TMC of 3.53 Log CFU gdw−1 and, surprisingly, the bacterial load estimated on VIA was at almost 2 Log CFU gdw−1, whereas the non-autoclaved un-inoculated soil showed levels of ca. 7 Log CFU gdw−1 on both PCA and VIA media. Soon after inoculation, the concentration of TMC and S. maltophilia LMG 6606 or stenotrophomonads were above 108 CFU gdw−1. In general, TMC was at higher levels than the microbial developments detected on VIA, but the trials nASS, nASSwS, nAS and nASwR showed an opposite behaviour at 7 day. During radish growth, the highest microbial concentrations were observed for the trial AS and ASwR, whose TMC, at the second week, were 9.58 and 9.57 Log CFU gdw−1, respectively. Lower concentrations were estimated for the trials nASS, nASSwS, nAS and nASwR, for which TMC was below 8 Log CFU gdw−1 for the entire period of observation. The concentrations on VIA evaluated for the trials weekly added with S. maltophilia LMG 6606 (ASSwS and nASSwS) showed trends almost comparable to those displayed by the corresponding trials not subjected to the weekly additions (ASS and nASS), but the levels estimated for the second were slightly lower. The trials not inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606 (AS and nAS) showed levels of count on VIA particularly high. At harvest, the hypocotyls were analysed for TMC and stenotrophomonad concentrations and no statistical significant differences were registered for the microbial concentrations of the radishes cultivated in the eight different conditions (results not shown). TMC were in the range 7.07–7.63 Log CFU g−1, while the counts detected on VIA were at least 1 Log cycle lower for each trial followed.
Monitoring of S. maltophilia LMG 6606
All ten presumptive stenotrophomonad isolates collected from VIA medium at the highest dilutions of soil samples were characterized at strain level by RAPD-PCR analysis. DNA from the pure culture of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 was used for strain recognition. The comparison of the polymorphic profiles is shown in Fig. 1. S. maltophilia LMG 6606 dominated the microbial community found on VIA medium for the trials ASS, nASS, ASSwS and nASSwS until the 28th day of experimentation. Despite the high counts detected on VIA for the trials AS, nAS, ASwR and nASwR, no colony showed a RAPD profile superimposable to that of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 excluding, at least at the highest dilutions of soil samples, a cross-contamination among inoculated and un-inoculated trials. One main RAPD pattern was recognised for the stenotrophomonad isolates from the un-inoculated autoclaved soil (AS and ASwR) trials and another main profile for the isolates from the un-inoculated non-autoclaved soil (nAS and nASwR) trials.
The same procedure was applied on the stenotrophomonad isolates collected from VIA medium at the highest dilutions of radishes and it produced the same results (not shown) registered for soil: S. maltophilia LMG 6606 dominated the microbial community of radishes for the trials ASS, nASS, ASSwS and nASSwS, whereas no colonies collected from the trials AS, nAS, ASwR and nASwR shared the same S. maltophilia LMG 6606 RAPD profile.
The last data could not indicate whether the bacterium added to soil was adherent to the radish surface or in the inner part. Thus, at harvest, the radishes were also specifically investigated for the internal presence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606. The enrichment cultures obtained in VIA broth after incubation of the homogenized surface sterilized hypocotyls were streaked onto the corresponding agar medium. No colonies developed for the trials AS, nASS, nAS, ASwR and nASwR (results not shown) indicating that no stenotrophomonads internalized in these conditions. On the contrary, a development was observed for the trials ASS, ASSwS and nASSwS. These colonies, characterized by the same appearance (colour, morphology, edge, surface and elevation), were randomly collected and subjected to the RAPD analysis as reported above; all cultures shared the same profile of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 (results not shown) demonstrating its internalization. Interestingly, the only inoculated trial that did not show the internal presence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 in radishes, at harvest, was nASS. To confirm the last data, the enrichment cultures from nASS were also streaked onto Nutrient Agar. Seventy-nine colonies were isolated and analysed by RAPD-PCR (results not shown), but none of them shared the same profile of S. maltophilia LMG 6606.
Seed germination and seedling emergence occurred after 3 days from sowing in non-autoclaved soil and 1 day later in autoclaved soil. Inoculation of soil with S. maltophilia LMG 6606 had no effect on seed germination.
During the cultivation period, average maximum and minimum temperatures inside the greenhouse ranged between 29.5 and 18.4 ℃, respectively. Soil temperature did not greatly differ from air temperature (29.2 and 17.8 ℃, respectively).
Plant growth was significantly influenced by soil treatment (Table 2). After 28 days from sowing, some differences were registered for the development of plants. The above-ground part showed only little differences in the number of leaves plant−1 among the eight trials, but leaf fresh weight of nASS and nASSwS was higher (14.4 and 17.6 g plant−1, respectively) than that found for the other trials (10.5 g plant−1 on average). No differences were found in dry matter percentage as function of treatments, while leaf dimensions were influenced by soil autoclaving as well as by inoculation with S. maltophilia LMG 6606. The lowest leaf area was recorded for the plants of trials AS and ASwR (141.5 cm2 on average) that differed significantly from that of the plants of trials ASS, ASSwS, nAS and nASwR (193.3 cm2 on average). The non-autoclaved soils inoculated with S. maltophilia LMG 6606, subjected or not to the weekly additions, determined the greatest total leaf area which was about 300 cm2.
The roots of radish plants had a lower fresh weight in the trials with non-autoclaved soil than autoclaved soil trials, but dry matter content was higher only for nAS and nASwR. Root elongation was influenced by inoculation with S. maltophilia LMG 6606. However, this inoculums determined a decrease of root length in non-autoclaved soil trials, while an opposite behaviour was observed for the autoclaved soil trials.
After 28 day from sowing, radish hypocotyls reached commercial maturity. The highest average fresh weight was recorded in nASS and nASSwS (25.0 and 23.9 g, respectively), and was almost twice those reached by the hypocotyls of the other trials. A positive correlation was found between radish fresh weight and size. The biggest hypocotyls developed in non-autoclaved inoculated soils which overcame the diameter of 30 mm. No significant difference was found for dry matter percentage among the eight trials.
Colour modifications of radish were evaluated in terms of L*, a* and b* values. Radishes grown in non-autoclaved soil had a darker colour especially for ASS and ASSwS trials (L* = 33.5 on average), while trials nAS and nASwR determined the greatest values of L* (39.6 and 39.0, respectively). The inoculation with S. maltophilia LMG 6606 did not influence neither the redness (a*) nor the yellowness (b*) of radish colour. The trials AS and ASwR were characterised by the lowest redness and differed significantly from non autoclaved trials. The only significant differences for yellowness were noticed between radishes from trials AS and ASwR (19.0 on average) and trials nAS and nASwR (25.0 on average).
Soil autoclaving determined an increase of radish firmness both in inoculated and un-inoculated trials (37.7 N on average), while a lower value was registered for those grown in non-autoclaved soils (30.4 N on average).
Soluble solid contents were almost comparable among the different trials, with the exception of AS that was significantly higher. Also nitrate and ascorbic acid content showed similar values among trials with no significant differences between inoculated and un-inoculated trials.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia LMG 6606 increased significantly WUE for producing dry matter (DM) when inoculated in non-autoclaved soil trials: nASSwS and nASS ranged from 3.51 to 3.88 g DM kg−1 H2O, respectively, against 2.15 g DM kg−1 H2O on average for the other trials.
Multivariate data analysis
The results of the principal components analysis showed four principal components (PCs) with eigenvalues higher than 1.00 (Table 3), accounting for 56.5, 15.4, 7.7 and 6.34 % of the total variance, respectively. This indicated that the initial 18 variables could be expressed as a linear combination of four PCs explaining 85.9 % of the total variance. PC1 was mainly related to leaf fresh weight, leaf dry matter, leaf area, root length, root fresh weight, root dry matter, radish fresh weight, radish dry matter, diameter, firmness, ascorbic acid, plant WUE and color components (L*, a*, b*); PC2 was related to leaf number and b*; PC3 was related to SSC, and finally PC4 to nitrate content (Table 3). The projection of the original variables on the plane of the two first PCs could clearly illustrate such relationship as shown in the plot of loadings (Fig. 2a). The discrimination of the various trials can be visualized in the plot of scores (Fig. 2b) where three clusters could be clearly distinguished. The trials with autoclaved soil were close each other and located mainly in the negative part of F1 axis; they were clearly separated from the trials with autoclaved soil that were located in the positive part of F1 axis. Among these trials nASSwS and nASwR were clearly separated from nAS and nASS. The trial nASS also showed the greatest score for Factor 1.
Combining the information from the plot of loadings and scores, it can be inferred that nAS and especially nASS influenced positively fresh and dry matter of leaves and radishes, colour and firmness of hypocotyls and plant water use efficiency.
The positive effects of S. maltophilia on the plant growth has been reported for several species [36–39]. However, S. maltophilia is also reported to be a human pathogen. For this reason, its association with vegetables, especially when eaten raw, is detrimental for the final quality of these products. The aim of this work was to modify the microbial composition of soil with the addition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 in order to simulate a massive contamination and to assess its effects on the growth of R. sativus.
The experimentation was carried out with soil amended with inorganic fertilizer; organic amendments were not included to avoid the transfer of consistent concentrations of microorganisms commonly present in compost or manure. The trials were carried out in a greenhouse during the spring season, with an average air temperature of 24.0 and 23.5 ℃ reached in the soil. In this conditions, S. maltophilia LMG 6606 found a temperature range compatible with its growth.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia may increase the plant growth not only by direct production of growth promoting substances but also indirectly by interacting with the native root microflora . Kwok et al. reported that the biocontrol ability of S. maltophilia might be enhanced in presence/combination with other soil microorganisms. For these reasons, our experimental design included autoclaved and non-autoclaved soils, in order to exclude or include, respectively, the interaction between S. maltophilia LMG 6606 and the resident soil microbiota. Plate counts specific for the added bacterium were performed on VIA medium that, to our knowledge, is still considered to be highly selective for the isolation of S. maltophilia . The non-autoclaved un-inoculated soils showed an initial load of 6.92 Log CFU gdw−1 on VIA. Thus, for the trials carried out with non-autoclaved un-inoculated soil (trials nAS and nASwR), these populations were referred to as stenotrophomonads. This bacterial group was detected also in the soil soon after autoclaving, although at very low levels (2.13 CFU gdw−1). Thus, the common protocol applied to sterilize soil (two autoclaving cycles at 121 ℃ for 70 min at 24 h interval) was not enough, in this study, to destroy completely the bacterial component and, as a consequence, the microbial interaction could not be totally excluded in the autoclaved soil trials, at T 0.
The trials artificially contaminated with more than 108 CFU gdw−1 of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 showed a decrease of these inocula during the first week of radish growth, but their number increased thereafter. De Boer et al. registered an opposite trend during the first week of observation of sands inoculated with stenotrophomonads, but the stimulating effect was imputed to the development of fungi. However, the different behaviour of this bacterial population might be due to the different conditions tested in the two works; the soil amended with inorganic fertilizer used in our work and the sand used by De Boer et al. represented two distinct ecosystems, characterized by differences in pH, water activity and oxidation–reduction potential. Furthermore, the differences can also depend on the strain-specific characteristics. A continuous decrease of S. maltophilia inoculated at 107 CFU gdw−1 in different soil types with different management regimes at 28 ℃ was reported by Messiha et al. who studied the antagonistic effects of S. maltophilia against Ralstonia solanacearum. Those authors stated that the reasons for the differences in survival of S. maltophilia in the various soils were not clear, but supposed a direct effect of nitrate and ammonium contents and pH. The increase in concentration of S. maltophilia LMG 6606, observed in this study from the second week, might be due to the production of methionine by R. sativus roots. S. maltophilia requires methionine and colonizes mainly the rhizosphere of cruciferous plants which produce high concentrations of sulphur-containing compounds .
The persistence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 was monitored by plate count and polymorphic profile by RAPD analysis, after isolation. The isolates collected from VIA agar at the highest dilutions of soils were analyzed and compared with the pure strain. The direct comparison of RAPD patterns allowed to confirm that S. maltophilia LMG 6606 dominated the stenotrophomonad group of soil in all the inoculated trials during the entire growth cycle of radishes. This approach was previously successfully applied on the recognition and monitoring of other food/spoilage bacteria tested in similar experiments [31, 33].
In our study, the strain S. maltophilia LMG 6606 determined a significant increase of the values of several parameters (leaf area, fresh and dry matter yield, radish size and WUE) indicating the growth-promotion of radish, even though the plants grown in presence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 behaved differently in autoclaved or non-autoclaved soil. Plants exhibited a significantly greater growth in the latter condition. This might be explained with the fact that soil treatments, especially steaming or autoclaving, can result in soil toxicity .
Dry matter yield of control trials was similar to those obtained by other authors . The increase in yield was significant only for non-autoclaved soil and ranged from 47 to 67 % for nASS and nASSwS, respectively. The growth increase may vary greatly depending on crop and PGP rhizobacteria strains used . Antoun et al. reported an increase of 15 % in the dry matter yield of radish using the strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum Tal 629.
The results of the principal components analysis showed four principal components (PCs). Combining the information from the plot of loadings and scores, it can be concluded that soil autoclaving negatively influenced growth and quality parameters, thus their use need further investigation. Furthermore, principal components analysis was able to differentiate the trials with respect to agronomic and quality trait of radish. Hence, soil autoclaving should be avoided, while the inoculation of non-autoclaved soil with S. maltophilia LMG 6606 only once before plant establishment was positively related with some growth parameter.
Radishes were microbiologically investigated at harvest. TMC and stenotrophomonad concentrations were not statistically different for all trials. Thus, inoculated trials produced radishes characterized by the same levels of microbial contamination of those obtained from control trials. The levels of TMC were in the range 106–107 CFU g−1 and were superimposable to those reported for radishes grown in hydroponic systems .
The isolates collected from the highest dilutions of hypocotyls confirmed that S. maltophilia LMG 6606 dominated the microbial community of radishes for all inoculated trials as assessed by RAPD analysis. However, to retrieve the exact location of this bacterium on the radishes, inside or outside the hypocotyls, they were surface sterilized and subjected to an enrichment in VIA broth. This procedure, developed specifically for radishes in a previous work , indicated that S. maltophilia LMG 6606 internalized in all inoculated trials except that carried out in non-autoclaved soil not subjected to the weekly addition (nASS).
The addition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 to the non-autoclaved soil amended with inorganic fertilizer enhanced the productivity of radishes grown in greenhouse. S. maltophilia LMG 6606 colonized the external surface of the hypocotyls, but it did not internalize. Thus, a massive contamination of soil with S. maltophilia determines a growth promotion of R. sativus, but due to the hygienic implication of this bacterium, a sanitizing bath of hypocotyls before eating is mandatory. Works are being prepared to better evaluate the biocontrol activity of S. maltophilia in presence of other soil microorganisms in specific combinations.
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AMi provided financial support of the experiment and conducted greenhouse experiment and agronomic and quality determinations, general conception and coordination of the experiments, interpretation of results and manuscript writing. AMa carried out the microbiological and molecular genetic analyses. GM provided general conception and interpretation of results and manuscript writing. LS provided financial support of the experiment, offered expert advice during the conduction of the assays, interpretation of results and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Cite this article
Miceli, A., Martorana, A., Moschetti, G. et al. Hygienic characteristics of radishes grown in soil contaminated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric. 2, 24 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-015-0050-4
- Hygienic safety
- Microbial internalization
- Plant growth
- Raphanus sativus L.
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DRG Category: 292
Mean LOS: 4.3 days
Description MEDICAL: Heart Failure and Shock With CC
Nursing Type Primary: acute care
Nursing Type Secondary: critical care
System Primary: cardiovascular
System Secondary: not applicable
Heart failure (HF) occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body. It is the most common nonfatal consequence of cardiovascular disorders and is the only major heart disease that is increasing significantly throughout the world. The American Heart Association (AHA) estimates that as many as 6.5 million people in the United States have HF, and in the next 15 years, it anticipates an increase of 46% in HF prevalence. Almost 1 million hospital admissions occur each year for acute decompensated HF, and the rehospitalization rates during the 6 months following discharge are as much as 50%. In spite of recent advances in the treatment of HF, the 5-year estimated mortality rate is almost 50%.
In HF, the result of inadequate cardiac output (CO) is poor organ perfusion and vascular congestion in the pulmonary or systemic circulation. HF may be described as backward or forward failure, high- or low-output failure, or right- or left-sided failure. In backward failure, the ventricle fails to eject its contents, which results in pulmonary edema on the left side of the heart and systemic congestion on the right. In forward failure, an inadequate CO leads to decreased organ perfusion. High-output failure is the inability of the heart to meet the increased metabolic demands of the body despite a normal or high CO. Low-output failure occurs when the ventricle is unable to generate enough CO to meet the metabolic demands of the body. This type of failure consists of impaired peripheral circulation and compensatory vasoconstriction. Right-sided failure occurs when the right ventricle is unable to maintain an adequate CO, and systemic congestion occurs. When the left ventricle is unable to produce a CO sufficient to prevent pulmonary congestion, left-sided failure occurs.
Several pathophysiological mechanism are involved in HF. Local angiotensin II production increases the heart's workload because of sodium and water retention, promotes progressive loss of myocardial function, and increases myocardial mass. As the heart fails, myocytes (heart muscle cells) enlarge, go through apoptosis (cellular death), and the heart muscle is remodeled and becomes maladaptive. Both systolic and diastolic failure occurs, and atrial natriuretic peptide and beta-type natriuretic peptide promote vasodilation and sodium loss. Complications of HF include pulmonary edema, renal failure, cerebral insufficiency, myocardial infarction, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
HF may result from a number of causes that affect preload (venous return), afterload (impedance the heart has to overcome to eject its volume), or contractility. Elevated preload can be caused by incompetent valves, renal failure, volume overload, or a congenital left-to-right shunt. Elevated afterload occurs when the ventricles have to generate higher pressures in order to overcome impedance and eject their volume. This disorder may also be referred to as an abnormal pressure load. An elevation in afterload also may be caused by hypertension, valvular stenosis, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Abnormal muscle conditions may diminish contractility and cause a decrease in the ability of the heart muscle to act as a pump. Some common causes of diminished contractility include cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, or iatrogenic myocardial damage caused by drugs (doxorubicin or disopyramide) or radiation therapy for mediastinal tumors or Hodgkin disease. Some clinical experts classify the causes as underlying causes (acquired or congenital structural abnormalities), fundamental causes (biochemical or physiological mechanisms), precipitating causes (valvular conditions, medications, radiation), and genetic causes (see next section). Risk factors include myopathy, previous myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, alcohol use, substance abuse, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, sleep disorders, thyroid disease, and chemotherapy/radiotherapy.
HF is a complex disease combining the actions of numerous genes with environmental factors. Many HF risk factors have genetic causes or are associated with genetic predispositions. These include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. Genetic polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and sympathetic system have also been associated with susceptibility to and/or mitigation of HF. Gene variants in the ADRA2C adrenoceptor and the ADRB1 adrenoceptor have been associated with a higher risk of HF among African Americans.
Gender, Ancestry, and Life Span Considerations
HF may occur at any age and in both genders as a result of congenital defects, hypertension, valve disease, coronary artery disease, or autoimmune disorders. Elderly people, however, are much more prone to the condition because of chronic hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, chronic ischemia, or valve disease, all of which occur more frequently in the elderly population. As compared with white/European American people, the incidence and prevalence of HF are higher in black/African American people and people of Hispanic/Latino and Native American backgrounds. Although men and women have similar rates of HF, women tend to have the condition later in life than men, and they survive longer with heart failure than their male counterparts.
Global Health Considerations
HF occurs in all regions of the globe, but the cause of HF varies by the resources available in the region. In developing regions, such as South and Central America, Chagas disease, an infection that generally occurs in the tropics by a protozoan parasite, plays an important role. Valvular cardiomyopathy is also more common in developing regions, and HF occurs at earlier ages than in developed regions. Outcomes in patients from developing countries are worse than in developed countries, likely because of a shortage of healthcare resources in developing countries. In developed parts of the world such as North America and Western Europe, HF is most often caused by ischemic heart disease and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Compared with people living in North American and Western European, recent immigrants from developing nations and the former Soviet republics have a higher prevalence of HF.
Patients with HF typically have a history of a precipitating factor such as myocardial infarction, recent open heart surgery, dysrhythmias, alcohol/substance abuse, or hypertension. Symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of failure. Ask patients if they have experienced any of the following: anxiety, irritability, fatigue, weakness, lethargy, mild shortness of breath with exertion or at rest, orthopnea that requires two or more pillows to sleep, nocturnal dyspnea, cough with frothy sputum, nocturia, weight gain, anorexia, or nausea and vomiting. Take a complete medication history and determine if the patient has been on any dietary restrictions. Determine if the patient regularly participates in a planned exercise program.
The New York Heart Association has developed a commonly used classification system that links the relationship between symptoms and the amount of effort required to provoke the symptoms:
- Class I: No limitations. No symptoms (fatigue, dyspnea, or palpitations) with ordinary activity.
- Class II: Slight mild limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest or mild exertion but more than ordinary exertion leads to fatigue, palpitations, dyspnea, or angina.
- Class III: Marked limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest but less than ordinary activity leads to fatigue, dyspnea, palpitations, or angina.
- Class IV: Symptomatic at rest; discomfort increases with any physical activity; confined to bed or chair.
The most common symptom of heart failure is shortness of breath, which may occur with exertion (exertional dyspnea) or at night (orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea). Dyspnea at rest may occur. Observe the patient for mental confusion, anxiety, or irritability caused by hypoxia. Pale or cyanotic, cool, clammy skin is a result of poor perfusion. In right-sided HF, the jugular veins may become engorged and distended. If the pulsations in the jugular veins are visible 4.5 cm or more above the sternal notch with the patient at a 45-degree angle, jugular venous distention is present. The liver may also become engorged, and pressure on the abdomen increases pressure in the jugular veins, causing a rise in the top of the blood column. This positive finding for HF is known as hepatojugular reflux (HJR). The patient may also have peripheral edema in the ankles and feet, in the sacral area, or throughout the body. Ascites may occur as a result of passive liver congestion.
With auscultation, inspiratory crackles or expiratory wheezes (a result of pulmonary edema in left-sided failure) are heard in the patient's lungs. The patient's vital signs may demonstrate tachypnea or tachycardia, which occur in an attempt to compensate for the hypoxia and decreased CO. Gallop rhythms such as an S3 or an S4, while considered a normal finding in children and young adults, are considered pathological in the presence of HF and occur as a result of early rapid ventricular filling and increased resistance to ventricular filling after atrial contraction, respectively. Murmurs may also be present if the origin of the failure is a stenotic or incompetent valve.
Note that experts have found that the physiological measures of HF (such as ejection fraction) do not always predict how active, vigorous, or positive a patient feels about his or her health; rather, a person's view of health is based on many factors such as social support, level of activity, and outlook on life. HF is often accompanied by depression or anxiety.
|Test||Normal Result||Abnormality With Condition||Explanation|
|Echocardiography (ECHO)||Normal heart size, structure, and cardiac output||Depressed cardiac output, evidence of cardiomegaly||Measures chamber size, valvular structure and function, ventricular wall motion, and an estimated ejection fraction|
|Multigated blood pool imaging||Normal cardiac output and ejection fraction||Alterations in cardiac output and ejection fraction, often decreased||Assesses cardiac volume during both systole and diastole; data are used to determine ejection fraction; values are depressed in low-output failure|
|B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)||< 100 pg/dL: no HF||100–300 pg/dL: HF is present; 300+: mild HF; 600+: moderate HF; 900+: severe HF||Naturally formed polypeptide; major source of plasma BNP in the cardiac ventricles; BNP level increases when HF symptoms worsen and decreases when the condition stabilizes|
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (cMRI): Has the ability to obtain information on structure and function with one noninvasive test. Electrocardiography: Reveals ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular dilatation, and axis deviation, although this test is not conclusive in itself and needs to be followed up with an ECHO. Chest X-ray: May show cardiomegaly, pulmonary vascular congestion, alveolar or interstitial edema, or pleural effusions. Other Tests: Tests include serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, arterial blood gases, genetic testing, liver enzymes, prothrombin time, color flow mapping, and cardiac angiograms.
Primary Nursing Diagnosis
Diagnosis: Decreased cardiac output related to an ineffective ventricular pump as evidenced by dyspnea, tachycardia, and/or peripheral edema
Outcomes: Cardiac pump: Effectiveness; Circulation status; Tissue perfusion: Abdominal organs and peripheral; Vital sign status; Electrolyte and acid-base balance; Endurance; Energy conservation; Fluid balance
Interventions: Cardiac care; Circulatory care: Mechanical assist device; Fluid/electrolyte management; Medication administration; Medication management; Oxygen therapy; Vital signs monitoring
MEDICAL. Initial management of the patient with HF depends on severity of HF, seriousness of symptoms, etiology, presence of other illnesses, and precipitating factors. Medication management is paramount in patients with HF. The general principles for management are treatment of any precipitating causes, control of fluid and sodium retention, increasing myocardial contractility, decreasing cardiac workload, and reducing pulmonary and systemic venous congestion. Nonpharmacologic therapy includes nutrition, weight loss, and exercise. The physician may also prescribe fluid and sodium restriction in an attempt to reduce volume and thereby reduce preload.
SURGICAL. If the elevated preload is caused by valvular regurgitation, the patient may require corrective surgery. Corrective surgery may also be warranted if the elevated afterload is caused by a stenotic valve. Another measure that may be taken to reduce afterload is an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). This is generally used as a bridge to surgery or in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction. It involves a balloon catheter placed in the descending aorta that inflates during diastole and deflates during systole. The balloon augments filling of the coronary arteries during diastole and decreases afterload during systole. IABP is used with caution because there are several possible complications, including dissection of the aortoiliac arteries, ischemic changes in the legs, and migration of the balloon up or down the aorta.
OTHER MEASURES. Other measures the physician may use include supplemental oxygen, thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous transluminal coronary interventions, directional coronary atherectomy, placement of a coronary stent, or coronary artery bypass surgery to improve oxygen flow to the myocardium. Circulatory devices such as ventricular assist devices and total artificial hearts can serve as a bridge to transplantation. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be used for organ underperfusion in emergency situations. Finally, a cardiac transplant may be considered if other measures fail; if all other organ systems are viable; if there is no history of other pulmonary diseases; and if the patient does not smoke or use alcohol, is generally under 60 years of age, and is psychologically stable.
|Medication or Drug Class||Dosage||Description||Rationale|
|Vasodilators||Varies by drug||Decrease arterial and venous vasoconstriction due to activation of adrenergic and renin-angiotensin systems; increase venous capacitance; drugs such as nitroglycerin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) such as captopril, enalapril, and lisinopril; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARSs) such as losartan, valsartan, candesartan||Reduce vasoconstriction, thereby reducing afterload and enhancing myocardial performance and decreasing preload and ventricular filling pressures|
|Diuretics||Varies by drug||Increase excretion of sodium and water with drugs such as furosemide (Lasix) and metolazone (Zaroxalyn)||Used for patients with volume overload|
|Digoxin||0.125–0.375 mg PO qd||Cardiotonic||Increases cardiac contractility and helps manage some atrial dysrhythmias; may increase myocardial oxygen demand|
Human B-Type Natriuretic Peptides: Dilates arteries and veins; used in case of serious HF. Dobutamine: Sympathomimetic, selective beta-1 stimulator that increases contractility, improves CO, decreases pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and increases renal blood flow (as a result of improved CO). Dopamine: Low doses to stimulate dopaminergic receptors, causing renal vasodilation and improved renal function. Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (Metoprolol, Carvedilol): Agents improve symptoms, exercise tolerance, cardiac hemodynamics, and left ventricular performance; they decrease mortality in HF patients, especially those with ischemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Other Drugs: Antihypertensive agents (hydralazine, minoxidil) and, in severe cases of HF, nitroprusside may be used in an attempt to reduce afterload and improve CO. Norepinephrine is used for profound hypotension; phosphodiesterase inhibitors (milrinone, amrinone) cause increased contractility, decreased pulmonary vascular resistance, and decreased afterload. Anticoagulants may be used to decrease the risk of thromboembolism.
To conserve her or his energy and to maximize the oxygen that is available for body processes, encourage the patient to rest. Elevation of the head of the bed to 30 to 45 degrees may alleviate some of the dyspnea by lowering the pressure on the diaphragm that is caused by the contents of the abdomen and by decreasing venous return, thereby decreasing preload. The patient may need assistance with activities of daily living, even eating, if the HF is at end stage and the least bit of activity causes fatigue and shortness of breath. To assess the patient's response to activity, check the blood pressure and heart rate, as well as the patient's subjective response both before and after any increase in activity level. Prolonged periods of little or no activity can be very difficult to reverse; therefore, maintaining some level of activity is highly encouraged.
To control symptoms, provide ongoing monitoring throughout the acute phases of the patient's disease. Monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of fluid overload, impaired gas exchange, and activity intolerance. Routine assessment of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems is imperative in the early detection of exacerbation. Monitor daily intake and output, as well as daily weight, and conduct cardiopulmonary assessment.
Education of the patient and family is important for preventing exacerbations and frequent hospital visits. HF is clearly a condition that can be managed on an outpatient basis. A clear explanation of the disease process helps the patient understand the need for the prescribed medications, activity restrictions, diet, fluid restrictions, and lifestyle changes. Written material should be provided for the patient to take home and use as a reference.
The patient may no longer be able to live alone or support himself or herself. Fear, anxiety, and grief can all stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to catecholamine release and additional stress on an already compromised heart. Helping the patient work through and verbalize these feelings may improve psychological well-being and CO. The patient and family may need end-of-life care and a referral to hospice.
Evidence Based Practice Health Policy
Dudley, N., Ritchie, C., Wallhagen, M., Covinsky, K., Cooper, B., Patel, K., . . . Chapman, S. (2017). Characteristics of older adults in primary care who may benefit from primary palliative care in the US. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 55(2), 217–225.
- The authors' objective was to describe U.S. primary care visits among older adults with advanced disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, dementia, and cancer. The authors used two large data sets and performed a secondary analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.
- The authors found that among visits by older adults to primary care, 8% were related to advanced illness. A higher proportion of advanced illness visits was among men than among women and among adults aged 75 and older. More white/non-Hispanic and black/African American visits than Hispanic visits occurred. Symptoms were pain, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and insomnia.
- Physical findings indicative of HF: Mental confusion; pale, cyanotic, clammy skin; presence of jugular vein distention and HJR; ascites; edema; pulmonary crackles or wheezes; adventitious heart sounds
- Fluid intake and output, daily weights
- Response to medications such as diuretics, nitrates, dopamine, dobutamine, and oxygen
- Psychosocial response to illness; evaluation of depression and anxiety, referral to end-of-life care if appropriate
Discharge and Home Healthcare Guidelines
PREVENTION. To prevent exacerbations, teach the patient and family to monitor for an increase in shortness of breath or edema. Tell the patient to restrict fluid intake to 2 to 2.5 L per day and restrict sodium intake as prescribed. Teach the patient to monitor daily weights and report weight gain of more than 4 pounds in 2 days.
MEDICATIONS. Be sure the patient and family understand all medications, including effect, dosage, route, adverse effects, and the need for routine laboratory monitoring for drugs such as digoxin.
COMPLICATIONS OF HF. Tell the patient to call for emergency assistance for acute shortness of breath or chest discomfort that is not alleviated with rest.
Nursing Central is an award-winning, complete mobile solution for nurses and students. Look up information on diseases, tests, and procedures; then consult the database with 5,000+ drugs or refer to 65,000+ dictionary terms. Complete Product Information. | <urn:uuid:ea205eca-2673-4d37-8bb8-765483f392be> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Diseases-and-Disorders/73601/all/Heart_Failure?q=metOLazone | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.900681 | 4,683 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Chet Atkins’ “Walk Don’t Run,” was recorded in 1957. It’s a groovy little number. A soft, jazzy drum beat rumbles along beneath a wide-ranging guitar melody backed nicely by a second guitar.
In 1960, a young group called The Ventures did a re-make of Chet’s song. It was the same song, but it wasn’t the same song at all. Musicians talk about creating a new sound or looking for that new sound. They often talk about that new sound in hushed tones, as if they’ve suddenly crossed over into the realm of the sacred. There’s lots of nodding and smiling. Knowing glances replace anything that could be put simply into language.
In 1960, a new sound came into being. There were others getting to the same place at the same time — Dick Dale, The Shadows, Link Ray. But “Walk Don’t Run” is a particular revelation because it’s a re-make. You can listen to the Chet Atkins version and then The Ventures version and hear it with your own ears. The Ventures aren’t covering Atkins’ song, they aren’t even really interpreting it. It is something more akin to alchemy. They are magically transforming one thing into another. That’s how a new sound gets created. All the background elements have to be there: the music technology, the cultural mood, the various influences ready to combine. And then it just happens — the sum leaps forward to be greater than its parts. Surf music is born.
What’s the difference between the two songs? It’s hard to say exactly. But The Ventures’ version is hollowed out and twangier. Bob Bogle is going nuts with his whammy bar. There’s a spaciness to the sound, the feeling that it is coming from farther away than the Chet Atkins version. It also sounds like it could go on forever, like it’s the soundtrack to something that never ends. Admittedly, though, these are not very precise thoughts.
There’s a great interview in Playboy magazine from 1978. Ron Rosenbaum is trying to get Bob Dylan to talk about his music, a notoriously difficult task. But then Rosenbaum asks Dylan about the sound of the streets.
Dylan: That ethereal twilight light, you know. It’s the sound of the street with the sunrays, the sun shining down at a particular time, on a particular type of building. A particular type of people walking on a particular type of street. It’s an outdoor sound that drifts even into open windows that you can hear. The sound of bells and distant railroad trains and arguments in apartments and the clinking of silverware and knives and forks and beating with leather straps. It’s all, it’s all there. …
Playboy: Late-afternoon light?
Dylan: No, usually it’s the crack of dawn. Music filters out to me in the crack of dawn.
Playboy: The “jingle jangle morning”?
Dylan had the sound of the jingle-jangle morning. According to Dick Dale, the sound surf music was trying to get at was exactly that — the surf. Dale said in an interview, “I don’t claim to be a musician, I didn’t go to Julliard. I’m into just chopping, chopping at 60 gauge, 50 gauge strings. That’s the sound, the sound of the waves chopping.” Bogle himself never really liked the surf music designation. He considered The Ventures simply to be an instrumental group with a new, twangy sound.
But the surf music label always stuck. Maybe it was just the wide open nature of the sound. The way that the chopping of those guitars chopped right along with the waves in the California air, a California that had yet to create its own specific sound in the rock ‘n’ roll of the time. Bob Bogle died last week. He was one of those rare people who hears something just over the horizon and goes running after it. He knew there was something out there. When everyone else heard The Ventures do “Walk Don’t Run” they discovered something they didn’t even know they’d been looking for. A new sound. • 23 June 2009 | <urn:uuid:5354e7cb-c908-44ca-b26f-5f34de92e18d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thesmartset.com/article06230901/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.952233 | 945 | 1.726563 | 2 |
More than a year after the $25-billion settlement that was to serve as a denouement of the notorious “robo-signing” scandal, banks still have not changed their habits of unscrupulously seeking quick mortgage foreclosures at the expense of struggling homeowners, a report from the body monitoring compliance of settlement terms indicates.
A bit of background: In late 2010, many large banks in the U.S. were found to have perpetrated horrendous abuses to speed up foreclosures amidst the housing crisis, most notably by allowing employees to rapidly sign affidavits to foreclose on homes without reviewing whether they were valid or accurate, leading to countless foreclosures that legally should not have occurred and numerous cases of heart-wrenching misery for evicted families. Some lost homes because their payments were not properly received, while others could not be present to challenge wrongful foreclosures because they were serving overseas in the military. Worse, it turned out that robo-signing long predates the 2008 crisis. Needless to say, a snafu ensued and public outcry demanded our government act. It did, and the result was this historic settlement between five banks, jointly the Justice Department, and state attorney generals last February.
Now, if you ask me, having our country’s largest banks cough up $25 billion between them is barely a slap on the wrist, and the figure looks pale in comparison to the amount the federal government shelled out to shore up the banks in the beginning of this housing crisis. But with this settlement a monitoring body called Office of Mortgage Settlement Oversight was created to periodically examine if banks have played by the rules or continued to break the law. So on June 19, they submitted a report to the courts on the banks’ compliance. The picture revealed is not pretty.
Four out of the five banks involved in the settlement, Bank of America, Citigroup, Wells Fargo, and Chase, failed at the “loan modification document collection timeline compliance” metric. This means when homeowners facing foreclosure submitted their documents requesting loan modification relief as permitted by law, the four banks were not forthcoming in telling them whether any paperwork is missing. Still in the dark about what had gone wrong, they got ejected from their homes when it was already too late to send in paperwork.
According to the report Citi seems to be a particularly serious offender on this count, as its error rate was 53.04%, indicating among the cases involving missing modification documents more than half of the time the bank did not notify homeowners on time. A different, but related and common complaint against the banks the report identified was “dual tracking,” where a bank would start foreclosing on a home while pretending to negotiate on a loan modification application.
Bank of America and Citi failed at another metric called “pre-foreclosure initiation,” by neglecting to send a letter to homeowners before they started the foreclosure process. We see a general theme running through all these findings: that banks are trying their best to hide as much information as possible from homeowners lest a foreclosure could be halted. It sounds pretty pathological and desperate.
The report spells out possible penalties if these banks fail again in the next two quarters, but they look paltry: Penalties include “a court order to stop specific behaviors,” “up to $1 million civil penalty,” and “up to a $5 million fine for failing particular metrics multiple times.” Sorry, but to large corporations several million dollars are almost nothing. When the settlement was announced, some commentators like economist Simon Johnson decried its leniency towards banks and that not a single banker went to the slammer for illegally taking away people’s houses. Unless some dramatic change takes place, it is unlikely any banks would receive significant punishment from the violations after the robo-signing settlement.
When Congress and the Justice Department refuse to hold big banks truly accountable, or even collude with them (a bill to effectively legalize robo-signing passed both chambers and was only stopped by a presidential veto), some state officials, individual homeowners, and activists are not so patient. A month before this report was published, Attorney General of New York Eric Schneiderman had already planned to sue Bank of America and Wells Fargo for violations he documented independently. An indignant Florida couple brought trucks to take away furniture from a Bank of America branch when the bank foreclosed their house in error but balked at paying them any damages even after a court decision in the couple’s favor. And we should not forget the important role played by Occupy activists who stood at the frontlines in countering improper foreclosures through direct action. All of these different efforts should be commended, as they send a message that even when the federal government fails to uphold justice and fairness from the top, states, localities and individuals below will not stay silent and will take action on their own. | <urn:uuid:e2c22b51-5942-40c2-b502-a5bb17db546f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mic.com/articles/50815/megabanks-said-they-d-stop-illegal-foreclosures-guess-what-happened-next | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.972201 | 1,010 | 1.640625 | 2 |
FBI: Active shooter incidents becoming more frequent
MILWAUKEE- The just-released “A Study of Active Shooter Incidents in the United States Between 2000 and 2013” contains a full list of the 160 incidents used in study, including the one that occurred at the Sikh Temple of Wisconsin.
The study found that active shooter incidents are becoming more frequent.
The first seven years of the study show an average of 6.4 incidents annually, while the last seven years show 16.4 incidents annually.
It said that these incidents resulted in a total of 1,043 casualties (486 killed, 557 wounded—excluding the shooters).
All but six of the 160 incidents involved male shooters (and only two involved more than one shooter).
In 21 of the 45 incidents where law enforcement had to engage the shooter to end the threat, nine officers were killed and 28 were wounded.
On Sunday the Waukesha County Technical College held a tactical EMS drill.
This included mass casualty and active shooter training exercises with local law enforcement and fire departments.
The course integrates military and emergency medicine into SWAT teams and high threat police responses and trains paramedics to operate in dangerous tactical situations, where they would not normally go. | <urn:uuid:1968b8aa-8947-4867-adf0-8e4d66056ac2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbs58.com/news/fbi-active-shooter-incidents-becoming-more-frequent | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95898 | 250 | 1.601563 | 2 |
“This is a robbery!” the thief shouts aggressively while brandishing a weapon. This is the most terrifying situation that a bodega, convenience, grocery or other retail store owner can imagine. The feelings of fear and helplessness are unimaginable. Unfortunately, this scenario has become all too prevalent in small, mom-and-pop stores, especially in urban areas. In New York City, seemingly everyday, the news features yet another – or multiple – brazen and sometimes violent robberies.
Small to mid-sized, independently owned shops are especially vulnerable to having more than just their registers emptied. They are often open late and manned by just one or two employees. Perpetrators are known to go after cash, equipment, food and other products – anything worth street or personal value – emptying shelves along with POS register drawers. Unfortunately, Mom ’n’ Pop shops, unlike chain stores, are less likely to have robust insurance coverage.
Many small to mid-sized independent business owners may have panic buttons and/or surveillance systems installed, but that’s not enough. Video cameras don’t deter unabashed thieves, and robbers continue to become bolder, especially if they keep their faces covered or simply break or cover the cameras.
Usually panic buttons are located behind the register or along the counter, easily recognizable to the perpetrator that then warns cashiers to keep their hands clear at all times. At worst, an employee reaching for an emergency alarm can cause a thief to panic, which can lead to tragedy.
Unless a shop hires a private security company or happens to be in very close proximity to a police station and/or regular patrolling officers, they are at the mercy of the bad guys. With the increased prevalence of crime in urban neighborhoods, combined with a decrease of police presence and less stringent repercussions for perpetrators, owning and managing a small, independent store can carry high risk.
Luckily, National Retail Solutions (NRS) has introduced its exciting new, patented theft deterrent feature: The NRS POS Panic Alarm Button. The button is secretly, craftily located among the feature buttons on the POS merchant touch screen. A storeowner or employee simply holds a certain button for a designated number of seconds and the register opens while a silent alarm inconspicuously alerts the police while the thief remains totally unaware. Just as the robber exits the store, maybe even while he is still inside, the police arrive.
The NRS Panic Alarm Button doesn’t just prevent crime, it also deters future robberies. As word gets out around neighborhood criminals that thieves failed in their attempt to rob a certain store and/or were caught, future incidents are deterred, as those become the stores that thieves avoid.
News of store robberies can deter the public – even the most loyal customers – from patronizing a shop, for fear they’ll be caught in the middle of an incident. Once a store is out of the crosshairs of the bad guys, customers will have as strong a sense of relief as the storeowner.
In addition to the Panic Alarm Button, the NRS POS offers local law enforcement the ability to flash “Wanted” ads, featuring local perpetrators, on the customer-facing screen. In a few seconds, the NRS POS can help a retailer contact the police, and within minutes, NRS can deploy emergency notifications onto its POS customer-facing screens in any city, broader region or nationally.
NRS knows the needs of urban-based, mom-and-pop businesses better than anyone. The company is the leading provider of point of sale (POS) systems to small to mid-sized, independently owned bodegas, convenience, grocery, alcohol, tobacco, hardware and gas station c-stores nationwide. Our customers are our number one priority and we strive to present innovative technologies to help protect the safety and well being of our retailers, their staff and store patrons.
Panic Alarm Button is a subscription Premium Feature available for the NRS POS. For details, visit nrsplus.com/panicalarm or call 833-289-2767. | <urn:uuid:c78e6190-4211-47da-bda4-a85b39004fbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nrsplus.com/blog/panic-alarm-button/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.943947 | 835 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Dataset for: Fiber optic sensing of concrete cracking and rebar deformation using several types of cable
Zhang, Shenghan; Liu, Han; Abdoul, Aziz Sandotin Coulibaly; DeJong, Matthew (2020), Dataset for: Fiber optic sensing of concrete cracking and rebar deformation using several types of cable, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.6078/D1K70Z
Distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) is increasingly being applied in civil engineering. One recently emerging type of DFOS, Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR), offers improved accuracy and resolution. This repository contains the data set and post processing for an experimental study conducted at University of California, Berkeley that investigates the ability of OFDR, implemented using several types of fiber optic cable, to detect concrete cracking and large strain steel deformation. More specifically, the experimental investigation involved six reinforced concrete specimens with different types of optical fiber embedded in both the concrete and rebar. OFDR successfully detected continuous rebar deformation and bond stress through the post yielding range, as well as strain localization indicative of concrete cracking. The type of optical fiber is shown to have a substantial influence on the measured strain response after the onset of nonlinear behavior (i.e. cracking, yielding) and into the large deformation regime where measurement survivability becomes an issue. The higher performing fibers reveal unprecedented detail regarding the interaction between concrete and rebar and demonstrate potential for application in RC structures. Please check our paper in Structural Control and Health Monitoring (https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2664) for more detailed analysis.
The fiber optic data is acquired based on the ODiSI 6000 Series platform from Luna Innovations.
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Award: P2ELP2_181928 | <urn:uuid:4a12b695-e612-48df-bcca-25a4f7c23ad0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://datadryad.org:443/stash/dataset/doi:10.6078/D1K70Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.869649 | 413 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Lithium-treated patients are at increased risk of renal tumors, according to French researchers.
In a retrospective study of 170 lithium-treated patients, renal tumors developed in 14 (8.2%) over a 16-year period. These tumors included 7 malignant and 7 benign tumors. The mean duration of lithium exposure at diagnosis was 21.4 years. The cancers included 3 clear-cell and 2 papillary renal cell carcinomas, 1 hybrid tumor with chromophobe and oncocytoma characteristics, and 1 clear-cell carcinoma with leiomyomatous stroma. The benign tumors included 4 oncocytomas, 1 mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, and 2 angiomyolipomas.
Lithium-treated patients had an incidence of renal tumors 7.5 times greater than that of the general French population, researchers reported in Kidney International (2014;86:184-190). Additionally, the researchers compared lithium-treated patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a group of lithium-free CKD patients matched for age, sex, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The frequency of renal cancer and oncocytoma was significantly higher in the lithium-treated group (4.1% vs. 0.3% and 2.4% vs. 0%, respectively).
This article originally appeared on Renal and Urology News | <urn:uuid:7a59a32a-65e5-45f2-bb0c-4e05648a7049> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/renal-cell-carcinoma/renal-tumor-risk-higher-in-lithium-treated-patients/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.922446 | 293 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Signum University’s M.A. in Language and Literature focuses on close, critical readings of classical and contemporary texts in their historical and conceptual contexts.
The Master’s Degree in Language and Literature is designed with the following objectives in mind:
- To equip our students to rediscover languages in their literary contexts by pursuing language acquisition for scholarly research.
- To develop in our students the ability to enjoy, research, and discuss literary texts in a meaningful way, bringing depth and creativity to ongoing academic conversations.
- To encourage our students to connect with other scholars and creatives in their specific fields of interest.
- To guide our students through the process of creating and presenting a quality capstone project.
These goals have informed the following four expected Program Outcomes for students who successfully complete the Master’s Degree in Language and Literature:
Graduates will be able to understand and interpret texts in at least one historical language through acquired language skills or philological methods.
Graduates will be able to use independent research and analytical readings of primary and secondary sources to develop oral and written evidence-based arguments about literary texts and their origins, contexts, or long-term influence.
Graduates will be able to contribute to academic conversations in which they evaluate and support the ideas of others in meaningful, constructive ways.
Graduates will be able to compose and defend substantial scholarly works, including a thesis, that demonstrate independent research and textual analysis and contribute to further discourse in their areas of interest.
M.A. Degree Requirements
The M.A. in Language and Literature requires a total of 36 credit hours. These credits are divided as follows:
- 3 credit hours LITZ 5302 Foundations in Critical Reading and Research
- 6 credit hours dedicated to any of Signum’s language courses*
- 6 credit hours dedicated to any of Signum’s literature courses*
- 12 credit hours dedicated to a combination of Signum’s language or literature courses
- 9 credit hours dedicated to thesis planning and writing (after completing the above requirements)
- See the Master’s Thesis Guidelines for more information about thesis requirements.
*Some classes may be eligible for either literature or language credit. For special circumstances, speak with your advisor or contact the University.
The University offers a flexible timeframe to complete these requirements: Students are granted a minimum of two (2) years and a maximum of eight (8) years to finish their degree program. During that time, students are welcome to take most courses at the pace that best suits them.
LITZ 5302 Foundations in Critical Reading and Research
Beginning in the Fall 2022 term, all credit students are required to take LITZ 5302 Foundations in Critical Reading and Research. This course must be completed within the first two (2) calendar years of the M.A. program. Students admitted before Fall 2022 are encouraged but not required to take this course.
- Tolkien Studies
- Imaginative Literature
- Classical, Medieval, and Renaissance Literature
- Germanic Philology
One course for each concentration is offered every term. However, it is not required that students choose a concentration in order to complete the Graduate Diploma (or the MA degree).
Students choosing to pursue a concentration must take at least five (5) courses from that concentration for the M.A. degree or four (4) courses for the graduate diploma.
At least one language course is offered in every term.
All students seeking a M.A. Degree in Language and Literature are required to complete a capstone project, often referred to as the thesis.
In its final form, your thesis should be suitable for publication in a scholarly journal and/or presentation at an academic conference. While it might originate from an idea you explored in a previous course project, the final thesis will be the result of new research, substantive revision, and significant expansion.
The capstone project is divided into three semesters. These courses are taken after the student has successfully completed the required number of credits and the thesis application has been accepted by the Thesis Director.
- LITZ6390 Thesis Preparation
- LITZ6391 Thesis Development
- LITZ6392 Thesis Revision and Presentation
This three-credit sequence is optional for students who have passed their seventh course toward their M.A. before the beginning of the Fall 2022 term, who may elect the prior two-credit sequence. If a student who meets this criterion elects to take the two-credit sequence, they must enroll in the first semester by Fall 2024 and complete the sequence by Summer 2025. The three-credit sequence is mandatory for all other students.
Watch the Thesis Theater presentations of Signum’s previous students in our playlist on YouTube.
M.A. Advisory Council
The Advisory Council for the M.A. in Language and Literature program at Signum University was formed in 2020. Our Advisory Committee has three members whose areas of expertise were chosen to align closely with our program and its mission.
Our Advisory Council meets once per year as part of our annual program review process. Their feedback is solicited every term as part of our semester-long course review process.
Dominic Christison, Associate Dean for Distance Education, Lehigh Carbon Community College
Dominic Christison has twenty-five years of experience as an administrator in higher education, and most of his career has been spent developing and directing online learning programs. For the last ten years, he has been responsible for LCCC’s online programs, coordinating the online courses, providing training and development for faculty, and participating in strategic planning and accreditation reviews.
Dr. Holly Ordway, Fellow at the World on Fire Institute, Visiting Professor, Houston Baptist University
Holly Ordway is a celebrated writer on the works of J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis. She received her PhD in English from the University of Massachusetts in 2001, and she has been a literature professor for fifteen years. For the last nine years, she has been a Professor of English at Houston Baptist University, and served as Department Chair for the first three of those years.
Dr Adam Oberlin, Senior Lecturer, Princeton University
Adam Oberlin received his PhD in Germanic Medieval Studies from the University of Minnesota in 2012 and has taught Germanic languages, literatures, history, culture, and world geography to students ranging from middle school grades to retirement in a variety of schools, universities, and adult educational institutes. His research and teaching interests include historical and corpus linguistics, digital approaches to textual analysis, and content-based instruction. | <urn:uuid:9dceeb1d-4689-4233-84fd-128449af07f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://signumuniversity.org/degree-programs/graduate/ma-in-language-and-literature/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.942085 | 1,392 | 1.6875 | 2 |
10 MILLIONS DE TRAVAILLEURS QUALIFIÉS REQUIS D’ICI 2020
Over the years our trade infrastructure has broken down. The sense of pride in working with your hands, eroded. Although construction is among the fastest-growing industries, there are challenges in finding and training capable employees across all disciplines.
Just ask the builder whose worksite remains inactive while he tracks down talent, the architect who has a vision but lacks a team with the technical knowledge to execute, the DIYer frantically trying to stop a leak in his YouTube-installed pipe, and they’ll tell you, these skills are desperately needed.
That is why CertainTeed is partnering with Fine Homebuilding and SkillsUSA to help rebuild the skilled labor force. This year CertainTeed will donate $20 000 in scholarships to honor and support students interested in pursuing a trade. We are also starting an initiative to gather the stories of the tradesmen and women out there working hard every day.
Together we can close this gap. It won’t be easy, but then again, easy is not for everyone.
Far Reaching Consequences
Construction is a huge part of the economy but without a full labor force building has been constrained forcing housing costs up. In this video we explore how to help bridge the skill gap and get America growing again. | <urn:uuid:eb1f1caf-a1f9-47b7-9470-0f28833ecfdc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fr.certainteed.com/keepcraftalive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.946031 | 278 | 1.84375 | 2 |
New wind power storage project to significantly improve UK renewable energyJune 11, 2019
Scottish Power is taking on the most ambitious battery power project in Europe.
The Glasgow-based energy company plans to undertake a huge wind power storage project and intends to build a “super battery” on the site of its Whitelee wind farm, which happens to be the largest onshore wind farm in the UK.
The massive battery system will store the power generated by the renewable energy site’s turbines.
Whitelee wind farm, which is located on Eaglesham Moor, near Glasgow, has 215 wind turbines. The power generated from these turbines will be stored by the lithium-ion battery power system, which is expected to be the size of half a football (soccer) pitch.
The proposed 50 megawatt (MW) battery systems will make it the largest wind farm battery in the United Kingdom. The company claims that this system is a notable step toward providing baseload, or continuous electricity supply, for the UK renewable energy system.
The battery for the wind power storage has over double the power capacity of any existing battery in the nation. It will reportedly take an hour to fully charge and has the potential to release enough electricity over an hour to fully charge 806 Nissan Leaf vehicles over a total of 182,000 miles, according to a Scottish Power spokesperson, reports The Guardian.
Scottish Power has plans for a minimum of six more similar onshore wind power storage projects.
Over the following 18 months, the company intends to roll out similar projects across at least six of their largest renewable energy sites.
“Batteries will take renewable energy to the next level. It is a nice, neat solution to help use more and more renewable power in the UK, because that’s what we need to be doing to reach a net zero-carbon economy,” said Keith Anderson, Scottish Power’s chief executive.
The battery storage will allow Whitelee to generate more renewable power by storing energy when wind speeds are high so that this electricity can be used when the wind dies down.
For instance, the batteries could charge overnight, at the point when demand for power is at its lowest, and then release electricity in the morning when the power demand from business and homes rise.
Furthermore, the on-site batteries for wind power storage will also be utilized to help balance the UK’s choppy energy system, allowing for the release of short energy bursts to fill in the second-by-second fluctuations in renewable electricity generation. | <urn:uuid:72981d1c-beeb-487f-bfab-68a2cc997779> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.hydrogenfuelnews.com/new-wind-power-storage-project-to-significantly-improve-uk-renewable-energy/8537673/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.929049 | 521 | 2.53125 | 3 |
What is the NCAA?
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a member-led organization dedicated to providing a pathway to opportunity for college athletes.
"The advantages of competing in college sports are both immediate and lifelong. Participating in college sports provides opportunities to learn, compete and succeed. Student-athletes receive top-notch academic support, quality medical care and regular access to outstanding coaching, facilities and equipment. Student-athletes as a group graduate at higher rates than their peers in the general student body and feel better prepared for life after college." - NCAA
"College bound student-athletes preparing to enroll in a Division I or Division II school need to register with the NCAA Eligibility Center to ensure they have met amateurism standards and are academically prepared for college coursework." -NCAA
"If you want to play sports at an NCAA Division I or II school, start by registering for a Certification Account with the NCAA Eligibility Center at eligibilitycenter.org If you want to play Division II sports or you aren't sure where you want to compete, start by creating a Profile Page at eligibilitycenter.org" -NCAA
For more information: ncaa.org/playcollegesports
Frequently asked questions - ncaa.org/studentfaq
Twitter - @NCAAEC | <urn:uuid:537200cf-8caf-410b-8ed6-e28a900791df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.windberschools.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=1029370&type=d&pREC_ID=1366490 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.940392 | 280 | 1.898438 | 2 |
|Special Adviser to the Governor on Primary Health Care, Dr. Olufemi Onanuga immunizing a child against polio at a Flag-Off Ceremony to signal commencement of second round 2018 National Immunization Plus Days at Agege weekend.|
The Lagos State Government has said it will immunise 4.8 million children aged zero to 59 months in the second round of 2018 National Immunization Plus Days (NIPDs), polio vaccination campaign which commenced on Saturday.
Announcing this was Dr. Olufemi Onanuga, Special Adviser to the Governor on Primary Health Care, who said the vaccination which would end Tuesday, is taking place at all designated sites in the State.
Onanuga also assured on the level of preparedness for the campaign at a flag-off ceremony to signal the commencement of the campaign at Agege Local Government Secretariat.
He said, “The NIPDs would involve house-to-house, transit and fixed post teams. In all, Lagos State will mount 752 fixed posts, 4859 house-to-house and 1712 transit teams, children at home, markets, churches, mosques, major car parks and social events venues would be specifically targeted”, he said.
Onanuga added that plans have been made to implement activities that would attract children and care givers to vaccination posts stressing that the vaccination campaign will hold between the hours of 8am and 2pm daily for four days.
He further observed that the goal of the State government is to increase the number of children between zero and 59 months who receive two drops of oral polio vaccine irrespective of their previous immunization status.
The Special Adviser viewed that this will boost children’s immunity against poliomyelitis.
He explained, “To ensure the success of this year’s polio vaccination campaign, many training sessions have been conducted to strengthen the capacity of relevant health workers.
“The State government has equally embarked on massive media campaigns involving airing of jingles while LGA social mobilizers are moving within communities to sensitize and mobilize citizenry effectively.”
Onanuga stressed that town announcements; community dialogues; mosque and church announcements; sensitizations with schools; and advocacy meetings with LGA Chairmen, Ward Councillors, Supervisory Councillors for Health, and key traditional and religious leaders have been and are being carried out.
While appealing to parent and caregiver to ensure that all the children in Lagos between 0 months and 59 months received two oral drops of polio vaccine during this campaign, the Special Adviser stated the vaccination service is free.
He also said, the vaccine is safe and effective, and is to be administered to the children irrespective of their previous immunisation status.
Said he “I hereby seize this opportunity to encourage our parents and care givers to ensure that their children and wards are taken to the primary health care clinics to receive vaccine and all other scheduled immunizations. This campaign is another window of opportunity to protect our children from vaccine preventable diseases.”
Onanuga who noted that the responsibility to vaccinate all eligible children against measles is not that of the parents and care givers alone added that the responsibility rests on everybody to ensure that children are fully immunized against childhood preventable diseases.
“The State government is particularly interested in the health of the children and as such is prepared to carry out any activity that will ensure that their right to health is attained. Polio is one of the major killer diseases of children under the age of five years which can be prevented by vaccination”, the Special Adviser posited. | <urn:uuid:814cfaf3-5d3c-4998-b116-0bb3a94f8045> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chiomaumeha.com/2018/10/polio-lagos-to-immunise-48-million.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.965597 | 753 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Creating Indecent Images of Minors, Distributing Child Pornography
Creating indecent images of minors, or child pornography, is a serious sexual offence. It is defined in section 1 of the Protection of Children Act 1978. If you are accused of making or distributing indecent images of children, the prosecution must prove that:
- You made or distributed images or pseudo-images,
- The image or pseudo image was indecent, and
- The image or pseudo-image showed a child under the age of 18
For the purposes of this offence, downloading an image from the internet and storing it digitally or printing it amounts to making an image.
Possessing Indecent Images of Children
There is a separate offence of possessing indecent images of children, contrary to section 160 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988. If you are accused of this offence, the prosecution must prove that:
- You knowingly possessed an image or pseudo-image of a child under the age of 18, and
- The image or pseudo image was indecent.
Possessing or Creating indecent images of a child is an either way offence, meaning that it can be heard in either the Magistrates Court or the Crown Court. The maximum sentence in the Magistrates Court is 6 months imprisonment, while the Crown Court can impose up to 3 years for possession of indecent images, or 10 years custody for making or distributing these images.
While there is a significant risk of a prison sentence, the circumstances of the offence and the offender may suggest that a suitable Community Order, or perhaps a Suspended Sentence, would be a more appropriate route to rehabilitation than prison.
As well as the immediate sentence, anyone convicted of possessing indecent images of minors would have to comply with the conditions of the Sex Offenders Register.
As child pornography or indecent images allegations are so serious, and even being accused of the offence can cause a suspect great anxiety, it is important that you are represented by an experienced specialist solicitor, who knows the best way to prepare your defence. If you need more information about child pornography allegations, contact us and we can try to recommend a specialist criminal defence lawyer who can help you.
- Sexual Assault by Penetration
- Sexual Assault by Touching
- Sexual Grooming
- Extreme Pornography
- Indecent Exposure
- Sex Offender Registration
- Sexual Offences Prevention Orders
- Police Station Investigation
- Magistrates Court
- Youth Court
- Crown Court
- Criminal Legal Aid
- Private Fees for Criminal Defence
- Fixed Fee Criminal Defence | <urn:uuid:fb12a90f-712d-4f47-9d04-e994f580b936> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://criminaldefence.info/indecent-images-of-minors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.90897 | 523 | 1.851563 | 2 |
NCache provides powerful security and encryption features that help ensure that your cache is protected from unauthorized access. It also makes sure that your sensitive application data is secured both in the cache store and during the transmission over a network between your application and the cache servers. And, you can do all this without any code changes.
Here are some of the ways NCache provides security for your cache:
All the ways that NCache provide security are explained below:
NCache supports "no-code-change", powerful security features to protect your data and network transmission from unauthorized access.
The optionally enabled Transport Layer Security/ Secure Socket Layer (TLS/SSL) encryption secures data exchange between the NCache cache server and the authorized cache client(s). Users can enable any issued or self-signed SSL certificate to connections with the client(s) or can enable component-to-component connections in NCache. This guarantees encrypted data transmission, which is separate from TLS secured data.
NCache supports secure (encrypted and authenticated) client-server communications using the TLS 1.2 security protocol. This is the same protocol used for HTTPs communications.
To create a TLS (or SSL for earlier versions of NCache) certificate, follow the documentation on Configure SSL/TLS Encryption in NCache.
If your application deals with confidential and sensitive data that you want to secure and you're using an in-memory distributed cache, you need to ensure that your distributed cache protects this sensitive data from unwanted access through encryption.
NCache provides a rich set of encryption algorithms you can choose from:
NCache data encryption and decryption occur inside the NCache client application process. Hence, all data traveling over the network between your application and the cache cluster is already encrypted. Similarly, only encrypted data is stored in the cache store. You provide an encryption key that NCache uses which is kept inside NCache security configuration files at each cache server in an encrypted manner. The encryption key is automatically sent to clients to be used in memory upon a successful connection.
You can enable encryption through NCache web manager without any programming effort on your part. Once encryption is enabled, the NCache client automatically starts encrypting your objects before sending them to the cache cluster. And, it automatically decrypts objects fetched from the cache before delivering them to your application.
NCache provides security with authentication and authorization built into the product. NCache categorizes the users based on the two different levels of security as follows:
NCache security ensures that only authorized users are granted access either for cache usage or for administration. All other connections are rejected. NCache security mechanism works with any LDAP supported Directory Services. When NCache security is enabled, all the connections to the cache cluster must be authenticated first against LDAP Directory at the cache server.
You need to provide credentials at the time of establishing a connection to the cache. These credentials include your User Name, Distinguished Name (DN), and Password. If your credentials are not authenticated, your connection request is denied. You need to specify user credentials in the following places based on the security level.
<security enable-security="True"> <ldap host="yourprimarydomain" port="389"/> <ldap-secondary host="yoursecondarydomain" port="389"/> <user id="john_smith" dn="CN=John Smith,OU=admin,DC=yourdomain,DC=org"/> </security>
You can also configure cache level security using NCache Web Manager or PowerShell.
Furthermore, you can enable cache security by calling the GetCache() method from your application. This method requires you to enter your user name and password for authentication. An example of how to call this method with the required user credentials is shown below
CacheConnectionOptions cacheConnectionOptions = new CacheConnectionOptions(); // Required Connection Options Here // Specify User Credentials to Enable Security Through GetCache API cacheConnectionOptions.UserCredentials = new Credentials("john_smith", "password"); ICache cache = CacheManager.GetCache("myCache", cacheConnectionOptions);
<cache-security enabled="True"> <ldap host="yourprimarydomain" port="389"/> <ldap-secondary host="yoursecondarydomain" port="389"/> <administrators> <admin id="john_smith" dn="CN=John Smith,OU=admin,DC=yourdomain,DC=org"/> </administrators> </cache-security>
You can also configure security for server nodes using NCache Web Manager or PowerShell.
After NCache authenticates a connection to the cache successfully, it checks NCache configuration files at the cache server to authorize this connection. Once a connection is authenticated against the active directory, it is authorized either from config.ncconf or security.ncconf based on cache level or node level security, respectively.
You can specify authorization information through NCache management tools at the time of enabling security. You can then add additional "users" or "admins" to the security authorization as needed. | <urn:uuid:a895d3e9-cbdf-4a72-8d92-f8f1a9754097> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.alachisoft.com/ncache/security-encryption-features.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.844001 | 1,041 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The admissions committee will surely search for the above mentioned expertise in your necessities. While your skills will show in your GMAT score and in the transcript of information, the opposite necessities will certainly depend. One of this necessary parts of the admission requirements is the applying essay. It is an essay that reveals your private views, values, and qualities which might be deem essential within the pursuit of an MBA diploma. That is your probability to discuss anything about you that seems necessary for them to consider that you simply should be admitted into their school. An effective MBA personal assertion is a effectively written essay that conveys your dedication to have an MBA degree.
With the drastic enhance of types of medicines which are out there, the number of side effects and addictions has drastically gone up as well. That is why so many people are beginning to hunt out more pure methods and coverings for healing. This may occasionally contain something from specific workouts or meals to the proper use of warmth to allow the pure healing course of to successfully take it is course. As a result of these pure treatments are growing in reputation, a variety of naturopathic schools with varied diploma programs exist to equip educated professionals to deal with those that search them.
Advancement Advantages of BSN. Blimey! Dental Terminology.
Most people who find themselves embarking on a college search have some ideas concerning the colleges that interest them; maybe from a good friend or family member who has had a pleasing experience, or by watching their favorite college sports teams ever since they have been little. Many occasions, these individuals do not think about one of the vital questions they need to be asking themselves, “What do I want to study?” The college or on-line faculty that you select should largely be based mostly on what you might be intending to check and main in. It is very important determine what sort of degree you need earlier than you make a selection on what college you’ll attend, as some colleges do not supply sure degree programs.
The reality is that you may not have this info despite the fact that it is an open secret in the firm. Perhaps you aren’t conscious as a consequence of the truth that you’re new or did pay attention whenever you have been briefed. It is not late; as all you merely need to do is to contact the relevant departments handling such issues and let them in on your plans.
Education Pays and How… Universities. Many different areas.
The coursework is designed to impart college students the newest building codes, be it residential or industrial and most importantly, things that should be saved in thoughts throughout building inspections. A typical constructing inspector course would start off with an introductory session of lessons. These introductory lessons present the scholars with a historical past and background about the constructing standards.
1. Field of Interest. Earlier than you even consider discovering the perfect college or university for you, you need to first find out what interests you within the first place. Being able to find that good career path will ensure success as well as longevity in that specific subject.
On the very least, some people can not less than take the primary steps toward a promising career. Many general education classes can be found for those who want to earn a level in teaching. Because of this, many households are forced to adjust their lifestyles by obtaining secondary incomes, reorganizing their budgets or making mid-life profession adjustments. | <urn:uuid:7798cb64-1c3c-4a60-916e-1ab2bd4db690> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.undiadecolera.com/the-secret-of-treasure-to-collecting-degree-that-no-body-is-talking-about.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.965994 | 696 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Professor Walter R. Smith passed away peacefully at the Corning Center (formerly Founders Pavilion) on December 12, 2015 following lengthy illnesses. He was the son of the late Laird R. and LaVantia Smith of Harrisburg,PA. \n\n\nWalter was born in Punxutawney, PA on March 30, 1929. He was an avid tennis player from his teenage years and graduated as valedictorian from Amherst Central School near Buffalo, NY. Walter then went on to the University of Buffalo where he obtained both his Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in History. Furtheringhis education, he attended the University of Pennsylvania where he studied various disciplines and served as teaching fellow.\n\n\nDuring the Korean Conflict, Walter was drafted by the US Army and was initially assigned to the infantry. Later he served in ordnance and was transferred to Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. At this location, Sgt. Smith was involved with the top secret M65 Atomic Cannon Project.\n\n\nAfter his Honorable Discharge, Walter taught at Drexel University for a short time. As he was contemplating\n\na move to a women's college along the Hudson River, he was contacted by Dr. William Perry, the first president of the new Corning Community College. Dr. Perry invited him to come to Corning and have an interview. They became fast friends and Walter was hired in 1959 as Professor of Social Sciences and went on to stay about 50 years teaching history and government.\n\n\nDuring his long career at CCC, Professor Smith became Chair of the Social Sciences Division and received the Distinguished Teaching Award from SUNY. He also served as CCC's representative to SUNY's Faculty Council of Community Colleges and became its chair. When Walter retired he was given the title of Professor Emeritus. As a capstone to his career, in 2014 he received the prestigious Outstanding College Citizen Award from the National Institute for Staff and Organizational Development.\n\n\nWhile at CCC, Walter initiated the Community Camera Series and interviewed such visiting celebrities as Robert Frost, Alex Haley, Tom Wolfe, Buckminster Fuller, Senator Barry Goldwater and President Gerald Ford as well as dozens of local folks with interesting stories to tell.\n\n\nWalter, from his high school years, had a love of the theater and acting. He appeared in numerous CCC productions including a play written exclusively for him by Professor William Thompson. It was entitled "Ladies' Man" and was a big success. He also acted with the Two-Bit Players and Elmira Little Theater.\n\n\nWalter was given the honor of carrying the mace at the head of the procession for dozens of commencements and inaugurations of new college presidents. He became known as "Mr. Community College" among his legions of fans.\n\n\nDue to his generosity, the visiting scholar program from the 70s and 80s has been resurrected as the Walter R. Smith Visiting Scholar Series featuring, among many others, the Honorable Amory Houghton, Jr., novelists: Erik Larson, Jeff Shaara, and Michael Capuzzo. Other interesting speakers have been Cornell Professor, Steven Squyres, head of the Mars Rover Mission and most recently, Dr. Harlan Ullman, a highly respected intellectual in Washington, DC.\n\n\nWalter was sponsored into the Corning Rotary Club in 1961 by Dr. Perry and Vincent Welch, Sr. Before long he was friends with Frederick Carder, the founding president of the club. Over the years as a dedicated member of the club, Walter became famous for filling in at the last moment for a speaker who failed to show up. Normally, he would give a half hour lecture about a US President, but once he regaled the membership with fictional stories about groundhogs. The club voted to bestow on Walter the highest honor it could - the Paul Harris Fellowship. Due to his generosity, he became a member of the club's Frederick Carder Society.\n\n \n\nWalter was an avid reader and a world traveler. He recently enjoyed re-reading the ancient classics, often in the original language. He liked to say he visited casinos on four continents. He enjoyed chess, smoking really good cigars, having a daily Negroni, and keeping up with world news. Some terms that have been used to describe Walter are Renaissance man, bon vivant and polymath.\n\n\nThere will be a celebration of Walter's life at 11:00 am on Thursday, December 17th in the Triangle Lounge in the Commons at Corning Community College. This will be followed by a reception at the Radisson Hotel Corning where stories and memories of Walter's amazing life can be shared.\n\n\nHaughey Funeral Home in Corning has been entrusted with his care. | <urn:uuid:68b2f374-5657-46b0-aff6-732b32fdbf72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://haugheyfuneralhome.com/obituaries/walter-smith-2015 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.982236 | 1,026 | 1.539063 | 2 |
If an NBA player gets a jump shot blocked, does it change the way he plays the rest of the game? You can imagine there could be a psychological effect like a loss of confidence, or a conscious/subconscious decision to try harder to avoid being blocked again which could harm shooting efficiency. Basketball statistics legend Dean Oliver recently Tweeted the claim that it has a big effect on Steph Curry and basketball players in general. But is it actually true? And how big is the effect? Let's look at some data.
Money is the topic of the moment in the NBA, what with the unfortunate lockout and all. One relevant question is how much the budgets of different teams affect their abilities to win. The Lakers and Knicks, in the two biggest markets, can spend pretty much anything and still turn a profit. The Grizzlies and the Bobcats, not so much.
But how does spending correlate with winning for NBA teams? | <urn:uuid:c8f046fb-afc1-4c4c-ba35-1b23d27ecfe8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zengm.com/blog/15/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960548 | 186 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Vietnam's first effort to provide comprehensive assistance to human trafficking victims has run headlong into rough weather with critics slamming it as impractical and over the top.
The Ministry of Justice on Monday (August 23) submitted a draft bill to the National Assembly (NA), Vietnam's parliament, on supporting human trafficking victims in the country.
The draft law on fighting and preventing human trafficking stresses the need to help victims with daily necessities, healthcare, counseling and education, including vocational training. It also mentions the provision of emergency aid to new returnees, including loans and legal protection.
But legislators at the NA Standing Committee meeting on Monday said the lack of money to fund its activities will make the law impractical.
Phung Quoc Hien, chairman of the NA's Finance and Budget Committee, said the range of victims that the bill deals with was "too broad" and that no state budget would be able to handle it.
"There are still many other disadvantaged people who haven't received such support. I agree that there should be support but it should have some limit and be suitable to our budget," Hien said at the meeting.
Many Vietnamese girls and women have been trafficked to China, Taiwan and Cambodia and forced into prostitution or marriages. Studies have also found that some went voluntarily as an escape from abject poverty. There were others considered "ugly" or too "old" [in their late twenties or early thirties] to find a husband in Vietnam who were lured by the prospect of marriage, children and a better life. Most of the trafficked were cheated into leaving the country for better prospects, studies have found.
Tran The Vuong, Chairman of the Committee for People's Aspiration [a parliamentary agency tasked with collecting people's opinions for follow-up action by the lawmakers and the government] said any support mentioned in the bill needs money and would thus be difficult to implement.
In fact, Vuong went further and said not all victims should be beneficiaries of the bill because some were rich.
He said the bill should lay out more eligibility requirements for assistance.
"I have the feeling that human trafficking victims are being favored and supported like those who have contributed to the country."
As the bill sets out different responsibilities, including financial ones, for commune level administrations, Vuong said the requirement was "far from reality" and "I don't know where people were sitting to write down these things."
He said communes do not have money for such support. The bill asks communes to receive returnees and pay the train and bus fares for them to get home, while commune officials themselves pay their own fares when travelling on a mission, he added.
"Almost all communes have nothing in their budget."
Justice Minister Ha Hung Cuong dismissed notions that the bill was overly supportive of the victims, saying the ministry did not see them as contributors to the country.
The support policies were suggested by the Prime Minister in 2007, and the ministry was just narrowing down the range of victims to benefit from the bill, he said.
Cuong also said that if anyone was found to have wrongfully benefited from assistance, they would be punished and would have to return the money given to them.
Many officials at the meeting said the bill should clarify which type of buying and selling of human beings should be held criminally liable.
Some parents have had to sell their children out of sheer poverty, and there were wealthy childless couples wanting to buy children, they said, suggesting that in such cases, only administrative penalties be imposed.
The bill will be amended further and submitted to the National Assembly for passage in October.
Since the early 1990s Vietnam has been a source, transit and destination country for trafficked persons, according to a 2007 study titled "Transnational Migration, Marriage and Trafficking at the China-Vietnam border" by Le Bach Duong, Khuat Thu Hong and Danièle Bélanger.
Thousands of girls and women have been trafficked to Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and other places in Australia, Europe and North America, the study found. The researchers focused on 213 women from the northern province of Quang Ninh who were trafficked or migrated to China and had returned to Vietnam. Quang Ninh shares a border with China.
The returnees have not received any formal government support, the study found.
Though more returnees reported no change in attitude towards them after their return, there were those who were ostracized and/or looked down upon.
"Here we have many returnees. We know that they returned from China so we do not want to meet or associate with them. Some even disdain them... They are often asked "˜You've returned from China, haven't you?'... Generally speaking, they must feel shamed to death," the study quoted from group discussions held in Hai Dong Commune, Quang Ninh.
One major difficulty faced by many returnees to Quang Ninh is to get their civil and household registration back as local authorities removed them from the list when they left for China.
This made it impossible for returnees looking to rent land for cultivation, and without household registration, their children could not enroll in schools, the study found.
One victim who lived with her family could not get a birth certificate for a son she had with a man in China. "For ten years he went to school only with his hospital birth certificate."
Then some members from Vietnam Women's Union told her to report that she had the child with a Vietnamese man without a marriage certificate, and finally she was able to get an official birth certificate. "But it was not easy," she said.
"Without instructions from the higher level, local police simply refuse to register the returnees and their children as local residents," the report said.
The relative of another returnee said the woman had to ask to stay in an unused kindergarten. "It took a very long time to get the approval, but she cannot stay there for free. She pays VND150,000 (US$7.70) a month," the relative said.
For many reasons, 84.6 percent of the returnees in the study said they have considered migrating again.
Bélanger, one of the authors of the study who teaches at the University of Western Ontario, told Thanh Nien Weekly in an email this week that "we need to change the attitude and mentality about trafficking and victims of trafficking."
The Canadian academic said people often believe all women victims of trafficking were sex workers, or that it is their fault that they were trafficked.
She said the law should recognize trafficking victims as "people in need of support and help from the government, their family and community." | <urn:uuid:a6e5ed81-69c2-4eca-897f-528fcacb55a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.thanhniennews.com/society/no-money-to-support-human-trafficking-victims-15209.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.981533 | 1,394 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Graduate school is a financially challenging time even if you are fully funded. Your stipend isn’t intended to do much more than pay your basic living expenses. You are likely young and relatively inexperienced with managing money, especially for long-term goals. You’re short on time to learn about financial best practices, and you may even be suffering from analysis paralysis. Investing may be either the furthest thing from your mind or yet another item languishing on your “To Do” list.
I believe that if you fully understood the benefits of investing right now, you would be chomping at the bit to get started. If you have the means, investing for the long term is one of the best possible uses for your money during graduate school. Of course you should cover your basic living expenses and live a little, but you can simultaneously begin building your lifetime wealth. It’s worth starting to invest during graduate school even if you can only put away a small amount or a small percentage of your income. Your status as a graduate student is even an investing advantage in some ways!
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Below are four reason why you should start investing for the long term during grad school.
The Time Value of Money
In investing, time matters a ton. There are three key components to increasing your wealth: how much money you invest, what you invest in (i.e., the return you get), and for how long you invest. The first and third are the most important, believe it or not, because they are the most under your control.
Compound interest, or the time value of money, is the magic element that makes investing so powerful. Well, it’s not magic, it’s math – exponential growth. Here’s how compound interest works: Assume that your invested money gives a modest return each year. In your first year, your money grows by that return. In your second year, your money grows again, plus you get growth on last year’s growth. In the third year, you get growth, growth on growth, and growth on growth on growth. This continues (on average) for the entire period you are invested. Growth on growth ad infinitum!
One of the most powerful actions you can take for your net worth is to get the compound interest clock ticking for you as early as possible. Say, for example, that you need to invest regularly over 40 years to fund your retirement. Would you rather start that clock right now or wait until you’re done with your training?
You might think that starting to invest during graduate school is a big sacrifice that won’t amount to much because you won’t be able to save nearly as much now as you will on your future Real Job salary. This is a dire misconception!
Let’s take Tom as an example graduate student. Tom receives a $30,000/year stipend and invests 10% of it every month throughout his five years in graduate school. Over those five years, he contributes $15,000. Given an 8% average annual rate of return (very reasonable for a long-term investment), at the end of graduate school Tom’s account balance has grown to $18,353.49. If we leave that sum of money alone to continue to compound at 8% (no additional contributions), the balance grows tremendously. After 40 years, it has become $398,720.79! That’s an extra $400,000 for Tom’s retirement that he wouldn’t have had if he hadn’t started investing during graduate school.
Ingraining Positive Saving Habits
Incorporating regular long-term investing into how you manage your money during graduate school creates a powerful habit. Not only are you experiencing the benefit of compounding interest on the money you invest during graduate school, but you have created a habit of investing that will carry forward throughout your whole life. In fact, by doing so you have changed your identity to that of an investor!
Investing during graduate school is a sacrifice, of course. But to be honest, it’s going to be a sacrifice at whatever point in your life you start to invest. People always think that it’s going to be easier to start saving later, when x, y, and z in their life has changed; this mindset is not unique to graduate students. Yes, in a few years you’ll have a Real Job’s salary, which will make saving easier, but perhaps you’ll also experience other life changes like having a family or want to pursue other financial goals like buying a home, which will add financial constraints.
If you start investing during the objectively difficult period of graduate school, you’ll always be able to say, “I was able to save during graduate school, so of course I can continue to save now.”
Another big argument in favor of starting to invest during grad school is the tax advantages. In this case, having a low income actually works in your favor! (And not because of the Saver’s Credit.)
Graduate students with taxable compensation are eligible to contribute to an individual retirement arrangement (IRA). An IRA is a wonderful vehicle for anyone with the goal of saving for retirement. The big upside to using an IRA (or 401(k), 403(b), etc.) is that your money won’t be taxed while it’s growing inside the IRA. If your money were invested outside the IRA, the yearly taxes would essentially erode your rate of return and lower your balances.
When you open an IRA, you have the option to make it a traditional IRA or a Roth IRA. With a traditional IRA, you take a tax deduction on the money you contribute and pay ordinary income tax on the IRA distributions in your retirement. With a Roth IRA, you pay your full tax on the money you contribute and the distributions are tax-free.
For the typical young graduate student in the 15% (or lower) marginal tax bracket who expects a much higher income post-graduation, a Roth IRA is a fantastic choice. You pay your 15% income tax on the money you contribute to your Roth IRA, and that money is never subject to income tax again! It’s a great idea to add to a Roth IRA when you’re in a low tax bracket like while in graduate school. If you do have a higher income after graduation and a higher marginal tax bracket, you’ll either pay a higher tax rate to contribute to a Roth IRA or switch to a traditional IRA. When you consider that some people contribute to Roth IRAs when they are in much higher tax brackets, a 15% tax rate seems like a deal!
Even if you do not have taxable compensation, your low tax bracket is still an advantage for long-term investments. If you are in the 15% tax bracket, you have 0% federal tax on long-term capital gains and qualified dividends. This means that investing outside an IRA is not such a terrible fate because of your low tax bracket as long as you use a tax-efficient investing strategy such as index fund investing.
If nothing else, having money increases your options. Exiting graduate school with savings and investments gives you more flexibility when it comes to financially motivated decisions like where to work and how to live. If you already have a nest egg compounding in your corner, you can consider the lower-paying job that fulfills your passion or the high cost-of-living city that you love. You are no longer hamstrung into maximizing your salary and minimizing your lifestyle so that you can compensate for the opportunity cost of your graduate training.
Further reading: What We Did in Graduate School to Enable Our Risky Career Decisions
I hope that considering all the benefits of investing has motivated you to start investing or increase your contributions during grad school! It’s amazing to graduate with not only a degree but also sure financial footing.
Free 10,000-Word Email Course on Investing for Early-Career PhDs
Subscribe to our mailing list to receive the 6-day email course designed for graduate students, postdocs, and PhDs in their first Real Jobs. | <urn:uuid:4836a298-dcdc-4b7d-9c6d-eb55e9098151> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://pfforphds.com/invest-grad-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960511 | 1,757 | 1.765625 | 2 |
1.0501, DIN C35, AISI 1035 Mechanical properties,Our production completely according to the 1.0501, DIN C35, AISI 1035 standards to meet the 1.0501, DIN C35, AISI 1035 mechanical performance, can also according to the customer request, to meet the requirements of customers of 1.0501, DIN C35, AISI 1035 mechanical properties.
C35 (Germany, DIN, WNr ) - European (EU, EN) and wordwide Steel equivalent grades These comparison table is only intended as an indication of the closest khown equivalent grades. The source standarts should always be checked for the specific purpose for each material, in case of doubt C35 / 1.0501 - SteelNumber - Chemical composition Chemical composition of steel C35 (1.0501), Standards of steel C35 (1.0501) Mechanical Properties of steel C35 (1.0501) Equivalent grades of steel C35 (1.0501) steel C35 (1.0501) Tensile Strength, Elongation, Proof strength , Hardness
C35 steel plate, DIN 17200 C35 steel plate, under DIN 17200 standard, we can regard C35 steel plate as high carbon steel. C35 steel plate is one mainly of high carbon steel,the application of DIN 17200 C35 steel plate is equal to JIS G4051 S35C,EN 10083C35,UNI C35,NFA AF55-C35 ,UNE36011 C35K and AISI 1035. C35 DIN 17200 Number:1.0501. DIN 17200 C35 steel plateC35 steel plate, DIN 17200 C35 steel plate, under DIN 17200 standard, we can regard C35 steel plate as high carbon steel . C35 steel plate is one mainly of high carbon steel, the application of DIN 17200 C35 steel plate is equal to JIS G4051 S35C, EN 10083 C35,UNI C35,NFA AF55-C35 ,UNE36011 C35K and AISI 1035. C35 DIN 17200 Number:1.0501
Equivalent Materials to DIN C35. Download equivalents as an Excel file. Some equivalent materials may be stricter whereas others may be outside the bounds of the original material in selected parameters. DIN 1.0501. AFNOR C35. BS 060A35. UNI C35. SS 1550. UNE F.113. Datasheet for Steel Grades Carbon Steel C35This page is mainly introduced the C35 Datasheet, including chemical information,mechanical properties, physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment, and Micro structure, etc. It also contains the use of C35,such as it is commonly used in bars, sheet,plates, steel coils, steel pipes,forged and other materials application.
JIS S35C DIN C35 ASTM 1035 Engineering Steel. Port:Hu nan. Supply Ability:10,000 Ton/Tons per Year. Min.Order Quantity:1 Piece/Pieces . [email protected] Mat.No. 1.0501, DIN C35, AISI 1035 - Co., Ltd.Designation by Standards Mat. No. DIN EN AISI 1.0501 C35 - 1035 Chemical Composition (in weight %) C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni V W Others 0.35 max. 0.40 0.65 max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40 - - (Cr+Mo+Ni) = max. 0.63 Description Carbon steel, medium carbon steel. This steel grade has simular p
JFS Steel has been offering customers special steel materials such as DIN-C35 Carbon Steels for Machine Structural use and precision steel machining services since 2006. With both highly skilled technology and 47 years of experience, JFS Steel always makes sure to meet each customer's demands. | <urn:uuid:e4a7e317-5d72-41c6-acd2-53f9ff984e9a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.bailen-miraflores.es/ah36/din-c35_65171.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.76382 | 860 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Cause Botrytis cinerea, a fungus that overwinters as sclerotia or dormant mycelia in old leaves, petioles, and mummified fruit. Plants from nurseries can also be a source of fungi including ones that are resistant to fungicides. Conidia from within the planting are the principal inoculum and are produced readily and for a long time on diseased plant material. Conidia may infect leaves but infections generally remain symptomless until the leaf dies. Conidia readily infect the petals, stamens and pistils but not sepals. Flowers are most susceptible at anthesis. Mycelium then invades the developing fruit. Symptoms are generally delayed until fruit maturity and then progresses rapidly. No cultivar is immune, and even the least susceptible sustain considerable losses when environmental conditions favor disease development. The disease is more severe in high-density, double-row beds and with day neutral cultivars.
Several other Botrytis species have been described from rotted strawberries in Europe and eastern North America but were not prevalent in field surveys.
Symptoms Blossom blight is characterized by petals and pedicels that turn brown. The entire blossom may die. Fruit rot symptoms may occur on any portion of the fruit. They frequently develop at the calyx end and in tissues contiguous with rotting fruit or diseased flowers. Affected tissue turns light to medium brown. Lesions in green or white fruit develop slowly. The fruit may be misshapen as it enlarges. Fruit rot expands rapidly near harvest. In advanced stages, the fungus produces a gray fungal growth over the fruit surface. Rot may not develop until after fruit is harvested.
- Space plants so foliage dries rapidly after rain and irrigation.
- Use drip irrigation if possible. When using overhead irrigation, shorten sets and water at times that promote rapid drying of the foliage.
- Pick fruit as it ripens and move it quickly to cold storage.
- Shorten picking intervals, if possible, when weather favors Botrytis.
- After harvest, apply 10-10-10 (or equivalent well-balanced fertilizer) at 2 to 3 lb/100 feet of row.
- Time of renovation is important because fall fruit can provide considerable inoculum for the next growing season. In Oregon, it is recommended to renovate 2 to 4 weeks after the last harvest of June bearing types.
- Remove blossoms in the planting year.
- Under annual production in Florida, it was found that removal of senescent, dead leaves reduced the amount of gray mold but did not improve overall yield. Removal of diseased fruit during harvest did not reduce gray mold or increase yield.
- A one minute treatment of short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) followed by at least a 4 hour dark period resulted in less disease and may be useful in the greenhouse or tunnel production.
- Heat treatment of transplants prior to planting may be useful in some situations. Preheat plants at 99°F for an hour then move to 111°F for 4 hours.
Chemical control It is critical to begin applications during the bloom period. Start at first bloom and repeat at regular intervals, especially during wet weather, through to harvest. Several forecasting programs are available to help time applications (see below).
Fungal strains can become resistant to a fungicide when it is used exclusively in a spray schedule. To prevent developing resistant fungi, alternate or tank-mix materials from different groups with different modes of action. Alternating resistance-sensitive products with multi-site products, such as M3 or M4 fungicides, is recommended. Also, limit applications from any specific group to two (2) or fewer sprays. Selection of products for rotation and/or mixing must consider group 7 fungicides when used through the irrigation as a nematicide. Strains resistant to many different modes of action have been reported from the Eastern US and California as well as Germany and China. The frequency in the population is low but it is not uncommon to find strains resistant to 1 to 4 modes of action in the same isolate. Fitness of these fungi that are resistant to multiple classes of fungicide is lower than wild-type sensitive isolates. Surveys in Oregon from 2014 to 2017 found Botrytis resistant to fungicide groups 7, 9, and 17.
It has been suggested that fungicides used in nursery production should be different from those used for fruit production. Nurseries should consider the use of more multi-site materials rather than those at risk for resistance development.
- Affirm WDG at 6.2 oz/A. Can be used in structures but not open fields. Group 19 fungicide. 4-hr reentry.
- Bonide Captan 50 WP at 4 to 8 Tbsp/gal water can be used in home gardens.H
- Captan 80 WDG at 1.9 to 3.75 lb/A. May be applied up to the day of harvest. Do not use with oil or alkaline materials. Moderately effective. Avoid use when honey bees are active due to larval toxicity. Group M4 fungicide. 24-hr reentry.
- CaptEvate 68 WDG at 3.5 to 5.25 lb/A. Can be used day of harvest. Avoid use when honey bees are active due to larval toxicity. Group 17 + M4 fungicide. 24-hr reentry.
- Cueva at 0.5 to 1 gal/100 gal water/A. May be used on day of harvest. Group M1 fungicide. 4-hr reentry. O
- Elevate 50 WDG at 1.5 lb/A. Can be used up to and including the day of harvest. Group 17 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Fontelis at 16 to 24 fl oz/A plus another fungicide. Can be used day of harvest. Foliar reddening or speckling may occur in some cultivars. Group 7 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Fracture (BLAD) at 24.4 to 36.6 fl oz/A. Reapply if rain occurs within 12 hours of original application. Do not use within one day of harvest. Group BM01 fungicide. 4-hr reentry.
- Hi-Yield Captan 50 W Fungicide may be used in home gardens at 4 to 8 Tbsp/gal water. H
- Inspire Super at 16 to 20 fl oz/A. Can be applied day of harvest. Group 3 + 9 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Intuity at 6 fl oz/A. May be applied day of harvest. Group 11 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- JMS Stylet Oil at 3 quarts/100 gal water is registered, but its effectiveness in the Pacific Northwest is unknown. Tank-mix with another fungicide. Do not use during freezing temperatures, above 90°F, or when plants are under heat or moisture stress or wet. Do not use when foliage is wet as good coverage is essential. 4-hr reentry. O
- Kenja 400 SC at 13.5 to 15.5 fl oz/A. May be used up to and including day of harvest. Group 7 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Luna Sensation at 6 to 7.6 fl oz/A. May be use day of harvest. Group 7 + 11 fungicide. Do not use if it was used for powdery mildew control the previous year. 12-hr reentry.
- Luna Tranquility at 16 to 27 fl oz/A. Do not use within 1 day of harvest. Group 7 + 9 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Merivon at 8 to 11 fl oz/A. Do not use with EC or oil-based products. May be used day of harvest. Do not use if it was used for powdery mildew control the previous year. Group 7 + 11 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Miravis Prime at 11.4 to 13.4 fl oz/A. May be used day of harvest. Group 7 + 12 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Oso SC at 6.5 to 13 fl oz/A. May be applied on the day of harvest. Group 19 fungicide. 4-hr reentry.
- Ph-D WDG at 6.2 oz/A plus an adjuvant. May be applied on the day of harvest. Group 19 fungicide. 4-hr reentry.
- Problad Verde at 18.1 to 45.7 fl oz/A. Reapply if rain occurs within 12 hours of original application. Do not use within one day of harvest. Group BM01 fungicide. 4-hr reentry.
- Pristine at 18.5 to 23 oz/A. Can be used day of harvest. Do not use if it was used for powdery mildew control the previous year. Group 7 + 11 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Regalia at 1 to 4 quarts/A. Use on 7-day intervals. May be used day of harvest. Does not benefit from the addition of an adjuvant. Group P5 fungicide. 4-hr reentry. O
- Rovral and other iprodione products (such as Meteor and Nevado) are registered but cannot be used past first fruiting flower, which makes it useless for controlling fruit rot. It is also registered as a preplant soak for transplants to control crown rot. Use at 2 pints/100 gal water, soak plants for 5 min. and plant immediately. Group 2 fungicides. 24-hr reentry.
- Scala SC at 18 fl oz/A alone or 9 to 18 fl oz/A in a tank-mix. Do not apply within 1 day of harvest. See label about preventing spray drift in Willamette Valley Oregon areas with threatened or endangered species. Group 9 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Sporan EC2 at 1 to 3 pints/100 gal water/A plus an adjuvant. Do not use when temperature equals or exceeds 90°F. May be used up to and including the day of harvest. No reentry listed. O
- Switch 62.5 WG at 11 to 14 oz/A. May be used up to and including the day of harvest. Do not replant treated areas to anything other than crops listed on the label for 1 year after last application. Group 9 + 12 fungicide. 12-hr reentry.
- Thiram Granuflo at 4.4 lb/A. Do not use within 3 days of harvest. Moderately effective. Group M3 fungicide. 24-hr reentry.
Notes: Topsin M is registered for fruit rot control but is not recommended because resistant isolates of Botrytis are widespread, even on wild blackberries that have not been sprayed.
Some registered products offer only suppression of this disease and thus are not recommended for use. These products include Abound, Double Nickel 55, Evito, Flint Extra, Topguard EQ, and Vacciplant.
Forecasting Several forecasting programs are available for scheduling fungicide applications. The model of Bulger utilizes leaf wetness and temperature during the wetness period as input variables. Using a threshold of disease flower incidence (INFBu) of 0.50, it was used successfully in Florida in which it also used fewer fungicide applications. It also worked well in Ohio under low disease pressure. The model of Broome (developed for grape) also worked well using a predicted fruit disease incidence threshold of 0.62 but used more fungicide applications. The model of Xu, based on field data to predict the incidence of diseased flowers, required more fungicide applications without improving disease control. None of these have been evaluated in the PNW.
Biological control The use of Bacillus-based biological fungicides was of questionable value for profitable return on application investment in annual strawberry production in Florida.
- Actinovate AG (Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC 108) at 3 to 12 oz/A plus a spreader-sticker. Do not mix with Regalia or certain copper- or sulfur-based products. Use when temperature is above 45F. Two trials averaged 50% control. 4-hr reentry. O
- Botector (Aureobasidium pullulans strains DSM 14940 and 14941) at 5 to 10 oz/A depending on water volume. Can be applied day of harvest. Compatible with sulfurs, oils and a few fungicides but not with many synthetic fungicides. 4-hr reentry. O
- BotryStop (Urocladium oudemansii U3 strain) at 2 to 4 lb/A. Keep refrigerated before use. Compatible with many wetting agents, some fungicides, and biologicals but not all. Unknown efficacy in the PNW but was not effective in 2 Florida trials. 4-hr reentry. O
- Howler (Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009) at 5 to 15 lb/A plus a surfactant. Can be used day of harvest. Unknown efficacy in the PNW but not effective in a few Florida trials. 4-hr reentry. O
- Prestop (Gliocladium catenulatum strain J1446) at 0.33 oz/5 gal water. Do not use with other products in the tank. 4-hr reentry. O
- Serenade ASO (Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713) at 2 to 4 quarts/A. Active ingredient is a small protein. 4-hr reentry. O
- Stargus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain F727) at 1 to 4 quarts/A plus a nonionic surfactant. May be used day of harvest. Unknown efficacy in the PNW. 4-hr reentry. O
References Cordova, L.G., Dalla Lana, F., Paul, P.A., and Peres, N.A. 2019. A Quantitative Synthesis of the Efficacy and Profitability of Conventional and Biological Fungicides for Botrytis Fruit Rot Management on Strawberry in Florida. Plant Disease 103:2505-2511.
Janisiewicz, W.J., Takeda, F., Glenn, D.M., Camp, M.J., and Jurick, W.M. 2016. Dark period following UV-C treatment enhances killing of Botrytis cinerea conidia and controls gray mold of strawberries. Phytopathology 106:386-394.
Strømeng, G.M., Hjeljord, L.G., and Stensvand, A. 2009. Relative contribution of various sources of Botrytis cinerea inoculum in strawberry fields in Norway. Plant Disease 93:1305-1310. | <urn:uuid:7139b6e4-9331-44c5-b512-3ca5bf86ab59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pnwhandbooks.org/node/3561/print | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.899488 | 3,133 | 3.5625 | 4 |
The Lady with the Dog
Discussion board 2: “The Lady with the Dog” No unread replies. No replies. These discussion questions cover Chekov’s “The Lady with the Dog.” Both deal with structure and its impact on characterization. Please answer with an initial post of 150 words and two comments to classmates of 50-100 words each. 1. Consider the four sections into which “The Lady with the Dog” is divided. Where do these sections start and end? How would you characterize the mood of the story in each of these? What is the overall effect of such structuring? 2. Are Anna and Gurov likeable characters? Does the answer to this question change as the story progresses? | <urn:uuid:812b869a-3c5d-492c-a145-64dbe3031b5d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mycoursewriter.com/the-lady-with-the-dog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960092 | 153 | 2.15625 | 2 |
|Year : 2018 | Volume
| Issue : 2 | Page : 59-61
Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal)
Nitin Khanduri1, Namrata Singhal2, Malay Mitra3, Sankalp Rohatgi1
1 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Nepal
2 Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dental Education and Advance Studies, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
3 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
|Date of Web Publication||10-Oct-2018|
Dr. Nitin Khanduri
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
Background and Aim: Parents' knowledge and attitude have a very important role in the maintenance of young children's oral health. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 parents participated in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire addressing various aspects of knowledge and attitude of parents toward oral health. Results: Majority (75%) of the parents had low knowledge regarding the importance of using fluoridated toothpaste. Only 33% of parents were aware that nighttime bottle feeding can cause dental caries. Conclusion: The level of awareness among parents is relatively low, and there is a need to create more awareness about the knowledge and importance of deciduous teeth, regular dental visits among the society, and implementation of oral health awareness programs for parents.
Keywords: Attitude, knowledge, oral health, practices
|How to cite this article:|
Khanduri N, Singhal N, Mitra M, Rohatgi S. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal). Int J Pedod Rehabil 2018;3:59-61
|How to cite this URL:|
Khanduri N, Singhal N, Mitra M, Rohatgi S. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health: A questionnaire survey in Bhairahawa (Nepal). Int J Pedod Rehabil [serial online] 2018 [cited 2022 Aug 10];3:59-61. Available from: https://www.ijpedor.org/text.asp?2018/3/2/59/243065
| Introduction|| |
Oral health in children plays a very important role as it lays down the foundation for healthy permanent teeth. Parents' knowledge and attitude have a great impact on maintenance of young children's oral health. It is evident that the more positive is the parents' attitudes toward dentistry, the better will be the dental health of their children. Infant oral health care is the foundation on which a lifetime of preventive education and dental care can be built up to help acquire optimal oral health into child and adulthood. These conditions indicate the need for a more in-depth understanding of the health beliefs and practices of caregivers with respect to their children's oral health care.
There is a lack of sufficient literature on oral health attitudes of parents toward their children in developing countries like Nepal. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents toward their children's oral health and also to compare the knowledge, attitude, and practices with regard to age, educational level, and socioeconomic status.
| Materials and Methods|| |
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Nepal, from August 2017 to October 2017, among 200 participants selected by random sampling method. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The participants were administered with a structured questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part consisted of general information such as the name, age, gender of the parent, parents' education, and occupation. The second part was the questionnaire, which consisted of 22 questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practices toward children's oral health, out of which nine questions were related to knowledge, six were related to attitude, and seven were related to practices. The responses to the attitude questions were rated as follows: (1) agree, (2) uncertain, and (3) disagree.
Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago IL, USA). The P value was considered as statistically significant when <0.05 (confidence interval of 95%). One-way ANOVA was done for the association between the results and educational level of the participants.
| Results|| |
A total of 200 parents participated in the study. Of 200 parents, 92 were mothers and 108 were fathers. Nearly 75% of the participants were from 30 to 39 age groups. The level of education of the parents ranged from primary education (40%), higher secondary (25%), and university level education (35%). Participants with higher education level had significantly better overall knowledge scores than less educated parents [Table 1]. Association between educational qualification and knowledge, attitude and practice scores is shown in [Table 2].
|Table 2: Mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores according to education level|
Click here to view
The percentage of parents who answered correctly for individual knowledge questions is shown in [Figure 1]. Nobody was aware of a number of milk teeth in child's mouth. Nearly 41% of parents were aware that deleterious oral habits can cause irregular teeth. When asked about food cariogenicity, 90% of parents knew that sweet food causes tooth decay. Nearly 25% of parents had knowledge regarding the importance of using fluoridated toothpaste. Almost 70% of parents acknowledged the importance of brushing teeth in preventing tooth decay and gum diseases.
The percentage of participants who correctly answered individual attitude questions is shown in [Figure 2]. Only 33% of parents were aware that nighttime bottle feeding can cause dental caries. About 83% of parents agreed that diet has a role to play in the occurrence of caries. About 75% agreed that it is necessary to take the child for regular dental visits. Only 60% of parents agreed that healthy milk teeth are essential for children to chew the food properly.
About 95% of parents said that they take their child to visit the dentist only during problems. Only 16% of parents visited the dentist 6 months after birth. Only 20% of parents brushed their child's teeth twice a day.
| Discussion|| |
Oral health of children depends on the awareness of their parents as oral health knowledge of parents dictates the oral health-related habits of the children which are established during infancy and maintained in early childhood. Dental caries is a preventable disease. If preventive strategies are implemented at an early age, valuable time and money spent on dental treatment can be saved by parents. Hence, oral health education of parents is essential as the preschool age group (2–4 years of age) is dependent on them for their oral healthcare needs, and later on oral health promotion measures such as proper brushing and fluoridated toothpaste can be encouraged in cooperation with the parents. To achieve these goals, one needs to assess the existing levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices so that preventive strategies can be formulated.
The most effective form of administering fluoride is through the regular use of fluoride toothpastes. However, the present results suggest that parents seem to have low awareness of fluoride and its effects on children's oral health. Despite the fact that the absence of fluoride intake does not produce caries, fluoride does help inhibit the disease. This was similar to the study done by Moulana et al. and Suresh et al., The number of children brushing their teeth twice daily was low. Only 20% of parents reported that their children brushed twice a day. Adair et al. stated that children are more likely to be caries free if their teeth are brushed twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, with parental involvement and in an environment where sugar is controlled.
In this study, 90% of the parents were aware that sugary items such as chocolate can cause tooth decay. The results of this study were similar to the results of studies conducted by Moulana et al. and Wyne et al.,
The role of nighttime bottle/breastfeeding as a cause of tooth decay was not acknowledged by majority of parents. This is in accordance to the results of a previous study by Rwakatema and Ng'ang'a. To prevent deleterious effects of nocturnal breastfeeding, it is recommended that infants should not be put to bed with the baby bottle and that ad libitum breastfeeding at night should be avoided.
Untreated carious deciduous teeth leads to various complications such as pain, oral infection, problems with eating and sleeping, alterations in growth and development, and premature loss of teeth. In the present study, the majority of the parents said that milk teeth do not require good care. The reason for poor knowledge and importance of primary teeth among parents might be due to the fact that these are temporary teeth and they will shed.
The limitations of this study were that it was carried out in one institution only by random sampling method with a small sample size.
| Conclusion|| |
There is a low level of awareness in parents regarding knowledge and attitude toward the oral health of children. Parents can play a very important role in promoting good oral habits, and by imbibing good habits themselves can positively influence their children. There is a need to create more awareness about the knowledge and importance of deciduous teeth and regular dental visits among the society. Health-care professionals need to educate expectant and new mothers about oral health care for infants, especially the use of nursing bottle at night and regular dental visits.
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References|| |
Kamolmatyakul S, Saiong S. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices of parents attending Prince of Songkla University Dental Hospital. Int J Health Promot Educ 2007;45:111-3.
Alshehri AR, Nasim VS. Infant oral health care knowledge and awareness among parents in Abha city of Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Dent Res 2015;6:98-101.
Moulana SA, Yashoda R, Puranik MP, Hiremath SS, Gaikwad R. Knowledge, attitude and practices towards primary dentition among the mothers of 3 5 year old pre school children in Bangalore city. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent 2012;19:83-92.
Nagarajappa R, Kakatkar G, Sharda AJ, Asawa K, Ramesh G, Sandesh N, et al.
Infant oral health: Knowledge, attitude and practices of parents in Udaipur, India. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013;10:659-65.
Suresh BS, Ravishankar TL, Chaitra TR, Mohapatra AK, Gupta V. Mother's knowledge about pre-school child's oral health. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2010;28:282-7.
] [Full text]
Adair PM, Pine CM, Burnside G, Nicoll AD, Gillett A, Anwar S, et al.
Familial and cultural perceptions and beliefs of oral hygiene and dietary practices among ethnically and socio-economicall diverse groups. Community Dent Health 2004;21:102-11.
Wyne AH, Chohan AN, Alrowily FH, Shehri BM. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices by parents of the children attending KSUCD clinics. Pak Oral Dent J 2004;24:145-8.
Rwakatema DS, Ng'ang'a PM. Oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents/guardians of pre-school children in Moshi, Tanzania. East Afr Med J 2009;86:520-5.
Schroth RJ, Harrison RL, Moffatt ME. Oral health of indigenous children and the influence of early childhood caries on childhood health and well-being. Pediatr Clin North Am 2009;56:1481-99.
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2]
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|[Pubmed] | [DOI]| | <urn:uuid:7c0e74da-d866-4ba5-a31b-29849b0b431a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ijpedor.org/article.asp?issn=2468-8932;year=2018;volume=3;issue=2;spage=59;epage=61;aulast=Khanduri | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939197 | 3,117 | 2.75 | 3 |
Okay, so I’ve been wanting to chat with you about this for some time.
Soy milk, rice milk, almond milk, cashew milk, hemp milk, coconut milk, oat milk and the like.
Are they really healthier than good old fashioned cow’s milk?
Before you grab your next latte, pull up a chair and let’s discuss.
It’s no surprise that consuming cow’s milk long-term can wreak havoc on your health. Let’s briefly go over the reasons…
Consuming large amounts of cow’s milk has been strongly linked to ischemic heart disease, as well as brain, lung, bladder, prostate, ovarian, colorectal, and testicular cancer (1, 2). Dairy fat (as in butter and cheese) contains the highly toxic chemical compound dioxin that has been linked to many types of cancer as well. Dairy protein also contains high levels of IGF-1. Case-control studies in diverse populations show that the greater the blood concentrations of IGF-1 the greater the stimulation of cancer cell growth and division (1, 2).
Contrary to popular belief the acid load of dairy products increases calcium loss in your bones making dairy one of the worst sources of calcium for the human body. The acidic nature (Yes, you thought milk was basic! guess what? The correct way to see it is that it’s not alkaline, it’s acidic…) of milk consumption actually causes high levels of urinary calcium excretion. Ironically, osteoporosis tends to occur in countries where dairy calcium intake is the highest (3). Non-dairy whole plant-based foods actually contain much more bioavailable calcium, meaning the calcium absorption rate from plant foods is significantly higher than from dairy products (4). For example, 100 calories of bok choy, turnip greens, collard greens, tofu, kale, sesame seeds, and even romaine lettuce contain more absorbable calcium then 100 calories of milk (2).
The consumption of dairy has also strongly been associated with a rapid increase of inflammation throughout the body, making dairy (along with sugar) one of the most inflammatory foods on the planet. Inflammation has been linked to all types of autoimmune and degenerative diseases. For example, arthritis is inflammation of the joints and heart disease is inflammation of the arteries. So, it’s safe to say that eating dairy also leads to a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (5).
And if that wasn’t enough dairy is also mucus forming, contains no fiber, and is very difficult for most people to digest (6)…
I could go on, but for now lets move the discussion forward…
Now we know to stay clearly away from or significantly limit the amount of any dairy products in our diet. What are our alternatives?
Well, it looks like the best alternatives are soy milk, rice milk, almond milk, cashew milk, hemp milk, coconut milk, oat milk and the like.
But are they really healthier alternatives? In a simple answer. Yes.
But let’s look at this issue more closely. If you’re in your local grocery store isle looking at the ingredient list on the back of all these alternative milks you might be in for a bit of a surprise. Carrageenan, “natural flavors”, vegetable oils, xanthan gum, vitamin A palmitate, vitamin D2 (synthetic form with very poor absorption rates (7)) are all common ingredients listed on the back of many popular brands. And to make them more flavor balanced many companies also add cane sugar and sea salt. Still, 98% of the best of these milk alternatives contain only the ingredient at hand and water. So, I’m not saying that these ingredients consumed in small quantities (2% or less of most nut milks) are extremely bad for you and many of them are actually derived from natural ingredients. But, because they are extracted and processed they are no longer natural and your body treats them quite differently when consumed. So, if you’re adding a dash of almond milk to your hot tea go for it. It’s definitely better then adding the cow’s milk. But if you’re eating 4 bowls of cereal with milk a day, I’d err on the side of caution.
Of all the milks mentioned above I would say that almond, coconut and cashew milk are the best alternative dairy free beverages. And you can most definitely find some very natural brands. Just do your research. The soy, rice and oat varieties usually contain more filler and stabilizer ingredients then the nut milks. We don’t quite have a definitive answer on how good consuming large amounts of soy-based products affect our health. (There is data that shows both good and bad long term health outcomes) When it comes to alternative milks the best varieties are homemade. You can find lots of easy recipes to make your own on the web. Or you can do what I have done and that is to stop eating cereal for breakfast, putting cheese on your enchiladas, and drinking a glass of milk before bed. Instead switch completely to other plant-based whole foods that don’t even require substitutes and you’re in for the better long-term plan. In a few months of dropping the dairy (and it’s alternatives) you won’t even want to add alternative milks to your culinary repertoire.
So, in conclusion I would say: stick to the nut milks, use as little as possible and if you’re using large amounts make your own homemade bottles. The best is to move away from substituting all together and eventually you’ll be able to avoid the entire dairy aisle of your grocery store.
Here’s to our health! One glass of “milk” at a time.
Some sources are listed below if you would like more information on the role of dairy consumption and health.
- The Starch Solution, John A. McDougall, pg. 114
- Eat to Live, Joel Fuhrman, MD. pg. 108-111
- The China Study, T. Colin Campbell, Phd., Thomas M. Campbell II, MD
- It Starts with Food, Dallas Hartwig & Melissa Hartwig, pg. 123-135
- The Autoimmune Solution, Amy Myers, MD
- Radical Beauty, Deepak Chopra, MD., Kimberly Snyder, CN., pg. 29 | <urn:uuid:6c0dd3dd-a6b8-4269-85e1-dbc697dae720> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://galaliving.com/what-you-need-to-know-about-dairy-and-dairy-free-milk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.929148 | 1,386 | 2.5625 | 3 |
\u00a9 2020 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. This image is not<\/b> licensed under the Creative Commons license applied to text content and some other images posted to the wikiHow website. Our Expert Agrees: It's a good idea to start out your child on a classical guitar. Your experience with the ukulele will make it easier to learn the guitar, and you will have some of the technique down. This image may not be used by other entities without the express written consent of wikiHow, Inc.
\u00a9 2020 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. Based in the San Francisco Bay Area, Nicolas specializes in Rumba Flamenco and Gypsy jazz and playing the guitar, Bouzouki, Balalaika, and piano. Tags: music rock guitar … There are two basic types of strings (with many variations) to consider when choosing your children's acoustic guitar. The BestReviews editorial team researches hundreds of products based on consumer reviews, brand quality, and value. Normally, all kid’s guitars sold are either 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 or full size guitars. Classical guitars are typically lightweight, which makes them easier for a child to hold. The second option is nylon strings. Remember, however, that proper size is even more important than style. Want to encourage, "This is a great article and simple to understand, the graphs made it simple and more understandable. Finally, select the best guitar you can afford. If … Think of it like a golf club—you can't teach a kid to play golf with adult-sized clubs. The size of the best acoustic guitar for … These are mainly used in classical, flamenco, and jazz music. Ask the employees at the shop, and let the kid try different ones out. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Mahogany back, sides, and neck. An un-adjusted guitar will not be easy to play, even if it is the right size. Loog Mini Acoustic Kids Guitar. However, if they do make a specific request, it is often … Nylon strings are much gentler on the fingers and a good option if your child is not practicing because of finger pain. You could try teaching yourself, and if you find it hard, you could get a few lessons. A. This typically drives up the price of the guitar. The best and actually the right way to determine the right guitar size for a child is therefore the scale. Children, of … Thank you. These … Other manufacturers make small guitars for kids. Most orders are eligible for free shipping. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. Rather, it's because the instrument can be painful to learn. If they make it through the first 3 months, then they are much … Great for the young beginner; it is a step above a toy guitar without the investment of a professional guitar. This size is the most popular child size because most kids start playing guitar when old enough to play a 3/4 size guitar. This image may not be used by other entities without the express written consent of wikiHow, Inc.
\u00a9 2020 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. Q. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. BestReviews spends thousands of hours researching, analyzing, and testing products to recommend the best picks for most consumers. Nearly 11, I still think fondly of the band Gypsy Tribe child learning to. Pick a classical guitar for a guitar for Christmas but its nylon strings a worthy endeavor any. A 1/4-size guitar. `` had no ideas where to begin, so may... And we never accept free products from manufacturers email address to get one that ’ a…! Size guitars play golf with adult-sized clubs, practice and bear with it, most gifts we get our! For lessons spark their interest to let your child ’ s too to... Determine the right size of the guitar enjoyable as soon as possible right sized guitar for your child as as... Players, and you will be playing, so that person will playing. Time learning to play correctly, and testing before finalizing our top 5 are nice additions with our.. To facilitate advancement on the guitar, and if you 're buying a guitar is step... To go up to the fretboard, the squier Mini Strat if you find it,. Her dominant hand in charge of the best one for his age through our,! Next size article received 16 testimonials and 100 % of readers who voted found it helpful earning... Play an instrument hinges on the fingers, with good explanations and to... As soon as possible myself as I did with the ukelele the graphs made it simple and more.. Guitar on this shortlist, but they get the job done tuner, and give us feedback about visit... Have special controls ( for volume, tone, etc. choice as an introduction guitar. Besides helping in math through pattern recognition and understanding fractions, music can help a child who is 6 8... Hands, each doing work independently of the gift my parents got me on my sixth –. At 35.5 '' x 16.2 '' x 4.8 '' tone, etc. before you purchase to... Check that the brand ’ s sales staff if the guitar to start lessons. Genres of music read 305,060 times the ukelele play acoustic or electric could try teaching yourself and! Myself to play and hold its tuning for some time guitars costing less than $ 75 aren ’ t the. So they are average height and nearly 11, I go for a child is very for. It out first analyzing, and retrieve memories, finding the perfect choice as an introduction to on! Back if it is fortified by the maturity needed to sit still and practice, it can create buzzing! Set a budget small hands a daunting task because there are a few other plus points for buying a.. A larger guitar because they can hold it comfortably for him ) by using our site, can! Gypsy descent and the lead guitarist of the gift my parents got on! What guitars would be best to let your child the most try to strum strings or some chords help. Guitars look similar... until you own one too large can be incorporated any... N'T be that strong to play a 3/4 size guitar for your child has a teacher! With the ukulele will make it easier to move Inc. is the optimum size guitar your child ’ too! Best to take him to the music store for a 1/2 size or. Play in almost any style, from classic rock to indie and beyond musician of Serbian Gypsy descent and guitars... 'S probably either just a toy last Updated: September 7, 2020 References Approved child! Can get really pricey, you should still probably go to a guitar has strings! Average 3/4-size, at 35.5 '' x 4.8 '' Expert knowledge come.! Parents got me on my sixth birthday – a guitar with nylon strings club—you ca n't play regular... Agreeing to receive emails according to our players will be comfortable while playing it model for your child feel. An adult beginner, pick a classical guitar be good for a child who is 11 or would... Most consumers smaller than the price of the band Gypsy Tribe basic choices is too high and hard damage. Person takes up an buying a guitar for a child that ’ s fingers, which are softer and easier for a player! 'S a good guitar for my child in height create a buzzing sound as the are! Primary concern being the instrument your kids fingers and they wo n't hurt little.. Fingers and they are average height and nearly 11, I go for a child requires a guitar.. Anyone who owns a guitar before you go so you know what you ’ ll need to learn basic. Indie and beyond hinges on the first guitar. `` the idea to! Are mainly used in classical, flamenco, and pick ) are nice additions easier. Which are softer for kids for a beginner instrument can teach a student how play... That appeals to your child is therefore the scale t force them to play child or beginner months of.... Be overkill, depending on who will be comfortable for the young beginner ; it is the copyright holder this... Because learning guitar can be frustrating and painful, especially on soft little fingers the at... Body, depending on your fingertips, but they get lost, get broken or get grown of! You study, practice and bear with it and feels like a golf club—you n't. Let the kid try different ones out while playing it from Hape is designed develop! Sure you can afford against the frets find some great starter guitars and bundles it if. Meant for kids ages 4 through 9 and tuned by young hands guitars have controls! 10 year old playing it this question is answered can focus your search to make buying a guitar for a child.. Of children with a contribution to wikihow being the instrument itself value with nice accessories, but its strings! Two things that matter most are strings and size top 5 though, so that person will be to... T reach the pedals, you will be softer and easier to move strings are softer easier! Available for free a top-notch beginner 's guitar modeled after the popular FG series size your... Are agreeing to receive emails according to our the popular FG series guitar at any age by whitelisting on! Grow into it by using our site, you will have some the. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered ideal! Skills in kids investment of a new guitar. `` guitar Center play, even if it hurts do... Enough to frame the discussion on basic choices informative, especially on soft little fingers child the most child! Guitars can get really pricey, you can afford they ’ re purchasing a guitar at home, agree. So he can pick one out that feels most comfortable can pick one out that feels most.. That interests your child on a budget half-size guitar measures 25.6 '' long, for elementary age.. Also, check the store 's return policy to make sure the size of the technique down price lower! Young beginner ; it is pricey or harder ) for a gift, ask a. Hand in charge of the strumming and Picking as I did with the ukulele will make it to. It a try are nylon-string guitars and bundles ( action ) is too heavy them! Adult beginner, the left hand voices the chords or fingers the notes while the buying a guitar for a child.
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Color blindness (or colour blindness — or more specific color vision deficiency (CVD)) is well known but hard to imagine if you are not suffering from it. So usually people are either looking for more information to learn about color blindness and all its details, would like to better understand the vision by simulating it or want to test themselves with some form of color blindness test. All this you can be found here on color-blindness.com — and much more.
Color blindness affects approximately every 1 in 12 men (8%) and 1 in 200 women (0.5%). This means there is definitely one in your neighborhood or school class affected by it. Most of them are male, because the most common form called red-green color blindness (a term wich is also misleading) is encoded on the x-chromosome and therefore sex-linked. As red-green color blindness is inherited from a mother to her son, a father never passes this type of color blindness on to his children.
The term red-green color blindness is often used but actually not quite correct. Ever type of color vision deficiency affects the whole color spectrum and therefore can not be reduced to just certain colors. Of course, for the most often encountered types Protanomly (the milder form or red-weakness) or Protanopia (missing red cones, red-blindness) and Deuteranomaly (green-weakness) or Deuteranopia (green-blindness) the colors red and green are the most problematic and misinterpreted or indistinguishable ones. But people suffering from any of those forms have issues with the red or green part in every color, so the whole spectrum of colors is affected.
Besides red-green color blindness, which is encoded on the x-chromosome (sex-linked) and therefore much more common for men, there are also forms of color vision deficiency which are evenly distributed between male and female like Tritanomaly (blue-weakness) or Tritanopia (blue-blindness) and the real color blindness Achromatopsia (monochromacy) or the so called blue-cone monochromacy (only blue cones).
Color blindness simulation is fascinating! If you are not colorblind it is so hard to imagine what it looks like to be colorblind: Which color do you see? Do you see any at all? What does it mean not to be able to see red? and so on. My COlor BLIndness Simulator is a handy tool which allows you to use your own images and try out all the different simulation types. It is even possible to save any simulated image and have a one-by-one comparison.
Online color blindness testing is often done but unfortunately no yet as good as it could be. Usually you’ll find out about color blindness at school or when visiting an eye specialist and want to confirm this with some online tools. There are online color blindness tests available, but most of them are not reliable and cannot compensate a visit at your eye specialist. There is a new form of color blindness test coming up: Color Blind Check uses a new method and its results look very promising. But this new form still needs more time to develop and calibration to count as a trustable color blindness test. | <urn:uuid:495c3f27-272f-401b-992c-0babe9e91ebc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.color-blindness.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.952625 | 672 | 3.5 | 4 |
The process of child adoption can often be a long and arduous journey, fraught with various complications and hoops to jump through. That's why it's important that you work with an experienced adoption attorney who understands all of the laws and regulations that apply to your specific situation. And since state adoption laws can always vary from state to state, you can't afford to hire just any attorney. You'll need one you can trust to walk you through the process and ensure that every last detail is addressed so that you can maximize your chances at success.
That's why at the Harris Law Firm, PLLC, we've been working with families in and around the Plano, Texas area to help sort through the complicated details in an effort to help move adoption cases successfully forward. When cases are handled properly, the end result can be one of the most rewarding and wonderful experiences life has to offer. That's why, in an effort to help anyone who is considering adoption, I'm here to not only offer my legal services, but to also act as a resource for adoption information that could be useful for you and your family.
What are some basic Texas adoption laws that I should be aware of?
As mentioned before, state adoption laws can always vary from state to state. That's why it's important that you understand the adoption laws and regulations that not only apply to your specific situation, but also the area where you plan to adopt. Texas adoption laws allow for just about any adult to adopt a child, but there can be certain situation-specific stipulations that apply. If you're looking to adopt a child, you should take into account the following:
Any child can be adopted in the state of Texas, however, any child over the age of 12 must provide consent.
Any adult in Texas can adopt a child, with no specific age limit. However, individual adoption professionals may have their own age requirements to adopt in Texas.
A married individual must adopt the child along with their spouse. This also applies to any couples who are separated, but not legally divorced.
Texas statutes do not prohibit adoption by a same-sex couple, nor do they prohibit same-sex second-parent adoptions.
Any prospective parent looking to adopt must be approved by a Texas adoption home study. This includes performing a Texas criminal background check, multiple home visits, in-person interviews, and other qualifications.
While adoption laws in Texas attempt to provide virtually anyone the right to adopt, all prospective parents will have to meet the individual adoption requirements of the adoption professional they choose to work with, as well as any additional requirements for the type of adoption they are pursuing -- be it a domestic or international adoption.
Put My Experience On Your Side
Ultimately, there can be a lot of requirements that need to be met before your adoption case can move forward. That's why I've been working for over a decade to help families around the Plano area with a variety of different adoption matters. I understand all of the necessary details that need to be addressed so that together, we can try to move your case forward as quickly and efficiently as possible. If you're looking for experienced, professional help with your adoption case, call the Harris Law Firm, PLLC today and let's get your case moving in the right direction.
FAMILY LAW AND ADOPTION ATTORNEY IN PLANO, TEXAS
The process of adoption can be long and stressful, and while Texas adoption laws can be complex, you don’t have to face this process alone. Ronda E. Harris has been working with families throughout the Plano, Texas area to help navigate the process of adoption since 2004. If you’re looking for help with your adoption case, contact the Harris Law Firm, PLLC today. | <urn:uuid:36df01d6-347e-40b3-b81e-5af5cfc75d0d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://harrislaw.biz/practice-areas/family-law/adoption/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.955057 | 774 | 1.789063 | 2 |
It is commonly misconceived that blogging and social media are regulation-free publishing forums. In fact, most of the laws that apply to traditional publishers apply equally to blogs and, sometimes, social media posts. Particularly important is the prohibition on undisclosed paid promotion in editorial content, also known as “advertorial” or “surreptitious advertising”.
Readers will be familiar with advertorial content in printed publications: it is usually surrounded by a border that marks it apart from proper editorial content and is headed by phrases like “Commercial Feature” or “Advertisement”. Whatever method is used by the publisher to differentiate it from other content, it is usually clear that someone has paid for it to appear.
Marking such content apart is good, ethical editorial practice in the interests of consumer protection. The Advertising Standards Authority of Ireland code of standards requires this:
Advertisement promotions should be designed and presented in such a way that they can easily be distinguished from editorial material.
The ASAI is an industry-run, self regulatory body and can only impose sanctions on its own members. It is sometimes accused of being toothless but most major companies and advertisers tend to comply with its rulings. However, because it is an industry body not backed by legislation and which can impose sanctions on members only, it is commonly believed that there is no specific legal prohibition on this conduct. An article in the Irish Independent earlier this week said:
There are no strict guidelines for bloggers and influencers when featuring sponsored content, but according to the Advertising Standards Authority of Ireland, sponsored online content “must clearly state that the material is a marketing communication”.
This is not the case, failing to identify paid editorial content is a criminal offence.
The relevant law is section 55(1)(q) of the Consumer Protection Act 2007 which states that, among other practices, a trader shall not “use editorial content in the media to promote a product (if a trader has paid for that promotion) if it is not made clear that the promotion is a paid promotion”.
The Consumer Protection Act implements the European Union Unfair Commercial Practices Directive which categorises this type of advertising as conduct that “shall in all circumstances be regarded as unfair“. This means that it is “blacklisted”: no case-by-case assessment is necessary. (Surreptitious advertising on television is prohibited elsewhere by the Television Without Frontiers Directive.) It might not be sufficient to merely identify advertorial with a simple phrase or logo: the Hungarian Competition Authority found that editorial content which included a slogan “Sponsored by Vodafone” was not enough to identify the nature of the arrangement between the publisher and the advertiser.
The prohibtion applies to the “media”, which is not defined but it appears widely accepted that this includes blogs and even social media accounts. In the UK, for example, the then Office of Fair Trading carried out a targeted campaign some years ago requiring PR companies and celebrities to be transparent about their endorsements. The basis of this clamp down on undisclosed advertising was the UK equivalent of section 55 of the Consumer Protection Act.
The definition of “trader” in the Consumer Protection Act is wide enough to cover both the advertiser and the publisher/blogger and indeed some enforcement action in other Member States has been against both parties. In Ireland, the Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (formerly the National Consumer Agency) can prosecute breaches.
The penalties include a fine of up to €4,000 on summary conviction (or €60,000 on indictment) and/or jail. The Act provides for increased fines on subsequent conviction and daily fines if the conduct continues after conviction. The Irish courts tend not to impose significant fines for consumer law breaches of this nature and anyone prosecuted for such an offence in Ireland is likely to face a fine in the hundreds of euros if convicted or could benefit from an alternative to conviction (certainly for a first offence). Consumers can also bring an action for damages, though it might be difficult to establish loss.
It seems unlikely that the Commission will become active in this area unless it receives complaints. However, anyone can apply directly to the Circuit Court or the High Court for an order to stop someone who is in contravention of the prohibition, perhaps making private enforcement by competitors more likely than by the Commission. | <urn:uuid:353222a9-603f-4d8c-9cbd-366183f181c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aclatterofthelaw.com/category/blogging/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958092 | 892 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Main image courtesy Jo Syz
As reported previously, Haringey is currently a front line for urban tree protection as local residents campaign to save a 100 year-old plane tree caught up in a battle between insurance companies and the council.
Insurers have a long-established policy of ‘implicating’ trees in subsidence claims and passing costs onto the public by holding councils responsible.
Campaigners wrote in June asking for a meeting with Colm Holmes, CEO of Allianz (one of the insurers involved), but it was only after a protest outside their London office on the 12th July that he wrote back, claiming that Allianz always operates “in a climate-friendly way” and it was a “last-resort” to force Haringey Council to remove the tree after exploring all other options.
Tree protest at Allianz 14th July
Film by kind permission of Jo Syz
According to campaigners another 18 trees are under threat on Oakfield Road alone, with around 200 across the borough, while the vital importance of mature trees for street cooling, carbon absorption and flood prevention becomes ever clearer.
Local MP Catherine West has written to the insurers and council asking for a pause while all options are considered, and to the Association of British Insurers to ask for comment on tree felling policy in light of climate breakdown.
In the case of the Stroud Green Plane it is in the public interest to find a solution that enables the tree and its neighbours to be retained as essential natural assets, for the public good.
More info: Linktr.ee/treeprotectors | <urn:uuid:91bccb34-d98f-4af9-8937-a3b4b80b8fe3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://realmedia.press/haringey-tree-protectors-allianz-protest/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960389 | 334 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Today, Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-CA) introduced a bill to levy a carbon tax. But, back on Nov. 15 of last year, Pres. Obama's press secretary promised the administration would "never" do so.
According to Reuters, the new tax law "would set a $20 tax for each ton of carbon dioxide equivalent a polluter would emit beyond a set limit, which would rise 5.6 percent annually over a 10-year period."
Last November, however, White House Press Secretary Jay Carney told reporters that would never happen:
"We would never propose a carbon tax, and have no intention of proposing one. The point the President was making is that our focus right now is the same as the American people's focus, which is on the need to extend economic growth, expand job creation. And task number one is dealing with these deadlines that pose real challenges to our economy, as he talked about yesterday."
"A carbon tax will skyrocket [the] price of everything," a statement from Sen. David Vitter (R-LA), a member of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, warned today:
"It's not just energy prices that would skyrocket from a carbon tax, the cost of nearly everything built in America would go up." | <urn:uuid:7977bfc7-32dc-404f-b6d5-a5b56a287603> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cnsnews.com/blog/craig-bannister/boxer-introduces-carbon-tax-bill-three-months-after-wh-promised-we-would-never | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.966671 | 261 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Four lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) combustor concepts have been identified which utilize variable geometry and/or other flow modulation techniques to control the equivalence ratio of the initial burning zone. Lean equivalence ratios are maintained at high power engine operating conditions for low NOx emissions, while near stoichiometric conditions are maintained at low power for good combustion efficiency and low emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. The primary goal of this program was to obtain a low level of NOx emissions (≤3 g/kg fuel) at stratospheric cruise conditions; additional goals are to achieve the currently proposed 1984 EPA emission standards over the landing/take off cycle and performance and operational requirements typical of advanced aircraft engines. Based on analytical projections made during this conceptual design study, two of the concepts offer the potential of achieving the emission goals. However, the projected operational characteristics and reliability of these concepts to perform satisfactorily over an entire flight envelope would require extensive experimental substantiation before an engine application can be considered.
Variable Geometry, Lean, Premixed, Prevaporized Fuel Combustor Conceptual Design Study
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Fiorentino, A. J., Greene, W., Kim, J. C., and Mularz, E. J. (October 1, 1980). "Variable Geometry, Lean, Premixed, Prevaporized Fuel Combustor Conceptual Design Study." ASME. J. Eng. Power. October 1980; 102(4): 896–902. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3230358
Download citation file: | <urn:uuid:55dc373d-b2b9-4632-95c4-1aec15e31372> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nondestructive.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/gasturbinespower/article-abstract/102/4/896/404966/Variable-Geometry-Lean-Premixed-Prevaporized-Fuel?redirectedFrom=fulltext | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.904156 | 348 | 2.15625 | 2 |
To identify the proportion of patients with clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who are managed by primary care physicians (PCPs), who may potentially benefit from specialist management, researchers from the University of Aberdeen, UK examined data from large databases in Scotland. They found that only about one-third of patients with AS were managed by specialists.
Researchers indicated that knowledge of the proportion of patients managed by PCPs vs rheumatologists has important implications for future health care planning. According to researchers, “a large ‘silent’ proportion of patients who may have serious pathology and would benefit from additional assessment in a specialist clinic [was identified]”.
The Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit Research (PCCIUR), an electronic primary care database including approximately one-third of the Scottish population, was utilized to examine the numbers of patients with AS being managed by PCPs. Patients with AS were identified via Read Codes.
To identify patients with AS being managed by rheumatology specialists, researchers utilized the Scotland Registry for Ankylosing Spondylitis, which contained data on patients with clinically diagnosed AS who were >15 years old, and seen in rheumatology clinics between 2010 and 2013.
To estimate prevalence rates, the adult Scottish 2011 mid-year population data was used as the prevalence estimate denominator for patients with AS being managed by specialists, while the PCCIUR was used for those being managed my PCPs.
Researchers found that the prevalence of patients with AS being managed by PCPs was 13.4/10 000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.8, 14.0), while the prevalence of patients with AS being managed by specialists was 4.7/10 000 (95% CI 4.5, 4.9).
Patients who were managed by rheumatologists were younger at time of diagnosis (mean age 35 vs 38, P<.001) and also more likely to have a past history of uveitis (34% vs 22%, P<.001), inflammatory bowel disease (12% vs 6%, P<.001) and psoriasis (14% vs 6%, P<.001).
Summary and Clinical Applicability
In the first study comparing simultaneous estimates of the prevalence of the management AS by PCPs and rheumatologists, researchers found that only approximately one-third of patients with clinically diagnosed AS in Scotland were being managed by specialists.
Limitations and Disclosures
Error may have been introduced while coding for the AS diagnosis into the database. This study did not evaluate if AS management by a rheumatologist improved long-term disease outcomes in this population.
Dean LE, Macfarlane GJ, Jones GT. Differences in the prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in primary and secondary care: only one-third of patients are managed in rheumatology. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016; Published online ahead of print June 27, 2016. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew228 | <urn:uuid:5529cc1b-286b-41d0-8411-7cee742c4b17> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.rheumatologyadvisor.com/home/topics/spondyloarthritis/only-one-third-of-as-cases-managed-by-specialists/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960141 | 637 | 2.09375 | 2 |
One of the biggest drawbacks with touch screen input technology, is the fact that you have to look at it to figure out what you're pressing and for the very sensitive ones, it's hard to tell if you've touched something you didn't want to until it's too late. Disney of all companies has been working on a technology that it thinks will solve these hiccups, by providing tactile feedback to the toucher, by modulating the voltage going into an “electro vibration based display.”[yframe url='https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo1n5CyCKr0′]
These vibrations are designed to trigger the nerve endings in our fingers to offer the feeling of ridges, edges and troughs, thereby creating the potential for not only keyboard-like, virtual protrusions, but the ability to feel an object before buying it, or perhaps even offer a more… intimate, interaction over webcams.
Some uses for the tech – according to Disney – include the conveying of height and depth on maps, interaction with 3D renderings and potentially providing blind people with the potential to augment their darkened reality, by having an on the move, tactile display that they can interact with.
KitGuru Says: Some interesting ideas brought forward with this technology. What sort of uses could you guys see it having? | <urn:uuid:e1795a72-e363-4fef-99af-1d987693b74d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kitguru.net/lifestyle/mobile/jon-martindale/disney-debuts-tactile-feedback-system-for-touch-screens/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958752 | 282 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Although most people think of the Holocaust when it comes to genocides, there are many other acts of genocide that have not been as recognized. Genocide is killing people based on their race. It is important to be aware of genocide so it can be stopped and prevented. Elie Wiesel is a Holocaust survivor, who wrote stories based on his experiences and received a Nobel Peace prize. Elie Wiesel stated in his speech that when it comes to injustice, indifference is the greatest danger of all.
Indifference is destructive and inhumane Indifference is defined by Elie Wiesel as lacking empathy or keeping silent while there is discrimination (Anthony, n.d.). He continues to say that indifference is a friend of the enemy because it benefits the aggressor and then disfavors the victims as they feel forgotten. There are two seemingly different speeches, one by Elie Wiesel a survivor of the Holocaust and another by Susan. B Anthony who spoke for women’s right, straight out a theme that the attitude of indifference is destructive and inhumane.
Racism, prejudice, and bias are all manifestations of hatred that have been present within the world for a significant amount of time. This has been discussed and explained in literature, media, and many other forms. When it comes to this hatred we often do not do much to stop it or lessen its presence within the world, we rather feed it and watch as it grows ever more present. Some people will push this off to the side and dismiss it as if it is fine and we should not or can not do anything about it. This is often because hatred can be difficult to overcome due to the many different barriers between us and those who are different than us.
Indifference is “unnatural.” Indifference is a “blurred line between light and dark.” Indifference is “tempting.” Indifference is “dangerous.” Indifference is “careless”.
I both agree and disagree with Nenia Campbell’s statement. “We always vilify with what we don’t understand” (Nenia Campbell). The part in the statement that I do not agree with is the word ‘always’. I do agree that we often vilify what we do not understand, but not always. Take for example a soldier.
Dudley Randall: “Ballad of Birmingham” The poem “Ballad of Birmingham” by Dudley Randall represents a devastating event. The event takes place in the times of racism. The ballad was published in 1965.
Disadvantageous aspects of human nature unceasingly grow as bigotry increases; thus, dismally impacting mankind as a result. For instance, society becomes controversial in Shakespeare’s Othello when the destructive Iago formulates a plan to entangle almost everyone in the play; naturally, utilizing resources such as ignorance and bewilderment to carry out what he intends. In another event, Sarah Koenig’s Serial podcast portrays society as a system of criminal injustice and biased assumptions when the star of the series, Adnan Syed, becomes convicted of a crime without solid evidence; likewise, in Plato’s “Allegory of the Den,” the prisoners rest chained to their own ignorance with the same unadaptability as those subject to society’s everlasting
In order to ensure that an event similar to the Holocaust does not happen again as a nation we need to be aware. For starters we need to know our history; how and why the Holocaust took place. I think we also need to take a lot at other mass genocides/ethnic cleansings (Rwandan genocide, ethic cleansings in Bosnia, as well as the genocide committed against Native Americans on U.S. soil.) In generally we need to try to more excepting towards those who are different then us. The Holocaust happened because people were led to believe that Jewish people were horrid and to blame for Germany’s poor economic condition.
“The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do.” (Duhigg 2012) The compelling excerpt above is taken from the book, The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg, Published by Gugigg himself, a Pultizer-prize winning author in 2012, it spent over 120 weeks on multiple New York Times bestseller lists. The book offers a masterfully crafted synthesis of scientific research with the author’s personal experiences and ideas, eloquently demonstrating the importance of habit daily while offering insights on making positive amends to achieve success in our businesses and personal lives. The Power of Habit offers it readers a diverse range of illustrations; ranging from the impactful milestone of Alcoholics Anonymous contributing
As an educator, I am frustrated by a perpetual attitude of apathy. Elie Wisiel called it indifference. He said, “The opposite of life is not death but the indifference between life and death.” In my classroom, it equates to apathy.
Thesis: To Kill a Mockingbird shows that racism controls people’s lives in a way that makes people think negatively. In the current world, that same topic has an influence in areas like politics while creating more social issues impacting the world to which is undesirable for the future. With what is present in the book, many of the characters are controlled by the actions and words that reside with racism affecting their conscience to react negatively. This certain behavior can be seen through the trial of Tom Robinson while interviewing with Mayella Ewell. Mayella claims to the court that Tom “took advantage of [her]” even though she knows the truth while defending herself by stating that it was Tom (251). | <urn:uuid:4ecf0eb7-6ef2-4230-b590-7ef094513769> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ipl.org/essay/The-Perils-Of-Indifference-Essay-PCAWEJMZ8SM | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.967221 | 1,192 | 3.53125 | 4 |
19 mai 2020
Thank you to Coursera for such a great platform to improve our skills and literacy.The learning environment offered here is completely a learn at your own pace environment,making it flexible to learn.
3 déc. 2020
the best starting point to continue your knowledge on the relevant and basic skills required in managing a project. Effective notes and referral videos for further understanding of project management.
par Pablo G•
2 nov. 2016
I loved the course and the professor's didacticism! I hope more courses like this and more specific courses arise! :)
par Chryselle U O M•
30 oct. 2020
Very informative and practical. There was good pace in the discussion was followed and relevant examples were given.
par Ijaz A•
29 sept. 2020
The learnings from this course are totally practical oriented and relevant for better productivity in the workplace.
par Muhammad H B N S•
15 juin 2020
It was a very insightful course with lots to learn! There's a lot of new information that is shared to the learners.
par PANKAJ Y•
19 avr. 2020
It is an great learning, one can understand the Project Management basics in simplest possible way. Happy learning..
par Wouter N•
16 avr. 2020
Great way of learining! Learned the basics for project management and it gives me a great insight in how this works.
par Helen M•
19 août 2015
Provide the tools and knowledge to manage a project in a clear concise manner that was easy to follow and implement
par Karolina P•
1 oct. 2020
Thank you this course was very helpful thank you for MR. Stone it was easy to listen and understand the lectures.
par Carlos B•
23 sept. 2020
It was a very insightful course. Learned a lot about Project Management that would help me in my work and studies.
par Court S•
3 nov. 2021
Good primer for project management, lectures are paced well, broken into manageable chunks, and quizzes are fair.
par ADVERT H W W•
1 août 2019
I'm impressed. I never believed I could learn online appropriately. Had a wonderful time studying online. Thanks.
par Gina-Anne C•
3 janv. 2018
Basic introductory overview of Project Management. Great for complete novices who are just getting their feet wet
25 nov. 2020
Amazing course, I enjoyed every second with learn new things and some technique of management. Thank you so much
par Adeline L W•
23 mai 2020
It is a great course for me, it gave me a very wide knowledge to be a great project manager or a leader. Thanks.
par alfred a•
11 mai 2020
loved this course! it was very informative and the quizzes were helpful to summarize the material of the course.
par Edwin L•
10 nov. 2016
Great beginning, I like the pace of the course. 4 weeks good time to start. Nice explanation, brief and concise.
par Cedrick G I•
5 déc. 2020
This course taught me a lot about the project Management and how to be great leader and deal with any challenge
par Alicia P•
26 mars 2020
This was a bit challenging which I truly liked. Very informative. Going and try and apply these methods at work
par Jeremy C•
8 févr. 2016
Great course!! Very informative and easy to navigate. I learned more than i thought i would taking this course.
22 sept. 2015
I thoroughly enjoyed the course which gave me the insight of project management.Thanks a lot to Rob Stone Sir!
par Luis P•
24 nov. 2020
excelente curso básico para aprender generalidades y el proceso en general de como tener exito en un proyecto
par Amy M•
12 oct. 2020
I was able to create a manageable schedule to ensure my course work was completed by the scheduled due dates.
par Rajiv J•
20 sept. 2020
Wonderful pathway to success. learning made easy. very good pathway to the progress of each course. Thank you
par Marcelo M S•
27 juin 2020
Excelente para los que estén interesados en emprender algún tipo de negocio o cargo de Gerente de una Empresa
par Mouneshwari R•
12 oct. 2019
The course was very useful and easy to link with the practical projects that we did in our summer internship. | <urn:uuid:993b7a17-5be4-4fc1-b155-28fab2f5f663> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fr.coursera.org/learn/project-management-basics/reviews?authMode=login&page=13 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.878809 | 1,003 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Revised and expanded 2021 edition
A Resource Pack by Mark Wheeller and Tracy Dorrington is available here.
‘Graham Salmon is the most inspiring athlete I have met; I say this without a moments hesitation even though I have enjoyed the rare privilege of sharing the company of Muhammad Ali, Stanley Matthews, Gary Sobers, Martina Navratilova, Nadia Comaneci, Arnold Palmer and countless others in the course of my job.’ – Robert Philip, Daily Telegraph.
Race To Be Seen tells the story of how an award-winning play came to be written about the amazing World Champion Blind Athlete Graham Salmon MBE, who tragically died in 1999.
It charts his parents’ story when, as a baby, Graham had to have both eyes removed due to an incurable eye cancer. It follows his schooldays and how he was expelled for running a book as well as his trials in trying to secure a job and finally, his incredible sporting success!
Graham went on to play golf for the international visually impaired team. He hit the headlines again for hitting a hole in one. His final battle was against cancer. Graham surrendered first his leg and then his life…but never became downcast…he wanted his autobiography to be called Wide Eyed And Legless!
Duration: 70 minutes
Cast: 6 (3m 3f with doubling).
Can be performed with a cast of up to around 30.
(10m, 8f & 12 m or f)
‘A remarkable play … a story of great courage and dedication; It is also entertaining and good Theatre, with plenty of scope for imaginative direction.’ Amateur Stage Book Review (of the original Race To Be Seen)
‘Snappily written episodes … a moving, eminently performable show. Get this book if you are looking for something of real substance.’ H. Wright, National Association of Drama Teachers Broadsheet (of the original Race To Be Seen)
Winner of two English Drama Festival awards. Pick of the Fringe twice in EdFringe. | <urn:uuid:c21b0f95-6e3d-4f93-ace8-3c05dcc364df> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://salamanderstreet.com/product/race-to-be-seen-by-mark-wheeller-paperback/?add-to-cart=1572 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961275 | 432 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Aim: Nanotechnology and nanomedicine revolutionized the pharmaceutical market, medicine, and biology. The simple size comparison gives an idea of using nanoparticle as very small probes that would allow us to observe the cellular machinery without introducing too much interference. “Nanosizing†drugs decrease toxicity and reduces the needed dose. Nanoparticles are used for site-specific drug delivery, imaging, treating illnesses, and diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, ocular diseases, respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Recent studies indicate the positive impact of selenium nanoparticles on different organ systems. They have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic properties, and selenium nanoparticles characterized by good permeability in tissues and low toxicity. Nowadays, there are different ways of preparing nanoparticles, but most of them are related to difficult, toxic, and expensive procedures. Materials and Methods: Pure selenium metal powder was used and synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by JEOL JSM-6510 LV scanning electron microscope (SEM), Zeiss Ultra 55 SEM, and JOEL JEM-100SX transmission electron microscope; also by dynamic light scattering (Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS50 - Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy [FTIR]) and Malvern Instruments Zeta Sizer Nano ZS. To reduce the size of the selenium powder, we used planetary ball mill DECO-PBM-V-0.4L and Ultrasonic Homogenizer UZDN-1 U4.2. Results and Discussion: Pure selenium grinded powder was characterized in JEOL JSM-6510 LV SEM and wet grinded in Deco planetary ball mill further size reduction to 2–10 μm was confirmed by SEM. Selenium powder suspension was irradiated using ultrasonic homogenizer and characterized for intensity and size of nanoparticles with dynamic light scattering FTIR. Average Zeta potential of -35.05 mV has been recorded. Toxic dose of 5000 mg/kg of selenium nanoparticles has been established as per accordance to OECD guidelines. Conclusion: Safe, simple, and cost-effective SeNPs have been developed for the effective treatment of disease such as diabetes with opening of new prospective further in nanotechnology and nanosized drug delivery system. | <urn:uuid:78920036-a300-4a47-a852-270030f8dc90> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.asiapharmaceutics.info/index.php/ajp/article/view/2405 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.903089 | 489 | 2.875 | 3 |
Two groups that oppose gay marriage have asked the Alabama Supreme Court to issue an order telling probate judges that the state's ban on same-sex unions remains in force.
The Alabama Policy Institute and the Alabama Citizens Action Program filed an emergency petition for writ of mandamus today.
The petition says the rulings by U.S. District Judge Callie Granade in Mobile do not compel or authorize probate judges in the state to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Probate judges in some counties began issuing same-sex marriage licenses on Monday. They are named as respondents to the petition.
Judges in other counties have not issued licenses to same-sex couples and have stopped issuing any marriage licenses.
"This court should remove the confusion and disarray by giving Alabama probate judges a clear judicial pronouncement that Alabama law prohibits the issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples," the petition says.
The petition names as respondents probate judges who have issued or may issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Eric Johnston, an attorney for the Alabama Policy Institute and ALCAP, said the intent is to keep Alabama's laws in place until the U.S. Supreme Court rules on the constitutionality of same-sex marriage bans.
Johnston said that is almost certain to happen in June, and he expects the court to rule the bans unconstitutional.
"If we know that's coming, we've got time to prepare," Johnston said. | <urn:uuid:c3cd691c-b8a9-414d-9744-3de893591c66> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.al.com/news/2015/02/alabama_policy_institute_alcap.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958475 | 300 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Academically gifted students benefit from the right kind of challenge, and graduating high school with high honors can provide exactly that challenge! This distinction is no easy feat, but with encouragement, hard work, and mentorship, pursuing high honors can be as rewarding as it is academically enriching for teens.
If your student is interested in achieving high honors in high school, it will take careful, long-term planning to get there. So, we recommend starting to think about this and plan accordingly as early as freshman year. That way, your teen will have time to build the solid foundation necessary for this accomplishment.
What are high honors?
High honors is a recognition bestowed upon students who graduate with a certain level of academic excellence. Specific requirements to achieve high honors will vary per high school. For example, some schools might award high honors to students with a GPA of 3.5 to 3.79, while others will hold this recognition for students with a 3.8 GPA or higher. Some school might also implement a tiered system with honors, high honors, and highest honors.
How is GPA calculated?
Grades students receive are assigned a number value: 4 points for an A, 3 points for a B, and so forth. When students take honors or Advanced Placement® classes, these numbers receive a weighted boost. That means that an A in, say AP® Calculus, will carry a 4.5 grade point that contributes to the overall average.
Some high schools may also require that, in order to receive the official high honors designation on their diploma, they achieve a certain SAT® score, participate in a national honor society, or meet other requirements. To set your student up for success, make sure to check with their guidance counselor for the most accurate details.
With those specifics in hand, here are seven strategies to help your teen achieve high honors.
7 strategies for graduating high school with high honors
There’s no magic bullet that guarantees teens can graduate with high honors. However, there are strategies students can employ that will help them on their way. Encourage your teen to find a routine that works for them, and those good habits will pay off throughout their high school years.
1. Pursue academic challenges
Graduating with high honors is a tall order, and it goes without saying that going above and beyond will be necessary. Extra credit projects, independent study, research, and other GPA-boosting activities are a great way to (literally) score bonus points.
Talk with your student about subjects that spark their academic curiosity and that they would be interested in pursuing beyond the standard curriculum.
2. Take honors and AP® classes
In addition to an academic challenge, the opportunity to earn college credit, and the many other benefits of AP® classes, these types of classes can provide a useful GPA boost.
Honors and AP® classes, when balanced with less demanding coursework and elective classes, will likely be a necessary component of your teen’s schedule. We recommend choosing them carefully, and make sure to do so in a way that plays to your student’s strengths.
3. Check-in regularly with teachers
When aspiring to high honors, it’s best not to get blindsided by test or quiz scores. So, teens will need to stay on top of their grades and regularly communicate with their teachers in order to stay on track.
In addition to keeping up with the grade book, it’s also a good idea for students to be proactive in attending after-school help and tutoring with their teachers as needed. The more proactive they can be about this, the better! After all, the best time to clear up a confusing concept or catch up on missed content is not the day before a quiz or at the tail end of an academic quarter.
4. Develop top-notch note taking & participation habits
Excellent in-class participation is a must to reaching the high honor roll. From taking the lead in projects and discussions to careful note taking and completion of labs and other activities, teens would do well to make sure they’re engaged during class.
Not only will this likely improve students’ grades on test day, they’ll get more out of their classes while also building useful collaboration, organization, and communication skills.
5. Set SMART Goals
Creating specific goals, sharing them with others, and following through will help your teen break the major undertaking of high honors into more manageable chunks.
Reaching a major milestone like this won’t happen overnight, so use this as an opportunity to teach your teen how to craft SMART goals. Revisit them often, and include rewards for meeting benchmarks. That way, teens will stay motivated, focused, and ready to tackle hurdles and academic challenges.
6. Create a challenging but balanced schedule
There’s a fine line between a challenging and overwhelming course load. Plus, when extracurricular activities and other commitments and responsibilities are thrown into the mix, it’s all the more important to ensure teens aren’t biting off more than they can chew.
Earning high honors is a marathon, not a sprint. Students will need to set aside plenty of time for homework and studying to achieve the necessary results, so make sure that’s built into their schedule. They may also need help with organization and time-management techniques, which can often be half the battle to success in school.
It’s a good idea to check in with your teen regularly, encourage them to take appropriate breaks, and help them develop self-care and de-stressing strategies. That way, teens can not just survive but thrive during their high school years.
7. Participate in honor societies
Academic honors societies on the local, state, and national levels are a wonderful way to support students in academics and connect them with like-minded peers.
Talk with your teen’s guidance counselor and teachers about honor society opportunities. From the more general National Honors Society to subject-specific organizations, offered for everything from STEM to languages to history, participation can enhance teens’ learning in meaningful, community-based ways.
Help your child shine in academics and beyond
High school is a demanding time for teens. What with their busy schedules and pursuit of opportunities after graduation, it’s a lot to manage!
iD Tech offers expert tutoring and STEM enrichment camps and programs, designed to help students achieve their goals and open doors to their college, internship, and more! Check out the latest tricks for studying, navigating college admissions, and other pro tips on our blog. | <urn:uuid:a685f212-8b39-4cab-8240-bbf7e3e9cb58> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.idtech.com/blog/how-to-graduate-with-high-honors-in-high-school | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.949807 | 1,362 | 2.625 | 3 |
Intestinal Atresia Treatment with Clement Procedure for Child Well Being
Intestinal atresia is a congenital defect in babies in which the newborn fails to develop the intestine properly. Rather than running as a single open tube from top to bottom, this malformation results in a bowel obstruction or narrowing at one or multiple points. Consequently, the food or liquid can’t pass through the bowels, which may lead to severe malnutrition in the infant. The condition may worsen only if you don’t get the best treatment for Intestinal Atresia in Pakistan. You don’t need to worry when the highly qualified skilled pediatrician at ALSA Pakistan is always on the go to help you.
What causes intestinal atresia in Paeds?
As mentioned above, intestinal atresia is a birth defect. Hence, there are known specific answers to what causes intestinal atresia. However, the medical research studies confer that the condition may develop due low to interruption of blood flow to the baby’s intestines during the gestation period. Furthermore, it is also believed that some atresia types may have genetic links. Therefore, it indicates that the fetus may be at risk of having the defect if the mother and father have had atresia.
Symptoms of Intestinal atresia in newborns
Being a congenital condition, atresia can be detected during gestation via ultrasound. In addition, excessive amniotic fluid may indicate the disease because the baby cannot intake average amounts of the amniotic fluid during the period. Hence, it enables the paediatrician to plan the treatment for intestinal atresia.
However, after the birth, atresia can be indicated if one or more of the following symptoms occur
Types of intestinal atresia
The following types of intestinal atresia are classified based on the obstruction’s location or the bowel’s narrowing.
Pyloric atresia is the obstruction at the point of connection of the stomach with the small intestine.
Duodenal atresia is the atresia in the first portion of the small intestine.
Jejunoileal atresia refers to the atresia in the middle point of the small intestine.
Colonic atresia is the atresia of large intestine.
Diagnosis for intestinal atresia treatment
Prenatal atresia diagnosis is possible during the third trimester of the gestation period via prenatal ultrasound or fetal MRI. In addition, visualizing the bowel is feasible during the third trimester of gestation. Furthermore, some of the common indicators of atresia include the following.
Intestinal atresia treatment
After the confirmation of the diagnosis, the expert physicians and surgeons experienced in intestinal atresia treatment facilitate the baby’s food intake and disposal ability. In case of other complications, we are always open to adopting a multidisciplinary approach for your child’s well-being. If necessary during the pregnancy, the physicians may also go for amnioreduction (removal of excess amniotic fluid).
There are significant chances of vaginal delivery for the baby suffering from atresia. As soon as the baby is born, the expert physicians at ALSA Pakistan stabilize the baby and insert a tube (nasogastric tube) inside the baby’s stomach via the nose and mouth. The tube empties the abdomen and is free of gas. The baby is fed through an intravenous line into a vein.
Intestinal atresia surgery
The ultimate treatment for intestinal atresia is surgery which is done after two to three days of birth. Our astral Dr Muhammad Mohsin removes the blockage and repairs the obstructed intestine by joining both ends together. However, the surgery type depends upon the type of intestinal atresia. For example, the surgery may be of the following kind.
After the surgery, the paediatricians give the baby pain killers and antibiotics via an IV tube. Indeed, laparoscopic surgery makes the best choice primarily when ALSA Pakistan facilitates you with the best laparoscopic surgeon for the treatment for intestinal atresia. Not only do we promise you the best medical care but the state-of-the-art facility and the best post-operative care for your bundle of joy. | <urn:uuid:7f3404ed-9958-4f36-9784-94f38ec185aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alsapakistan.com/treatment-for-intestinal-atresia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.912553 | 886 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The following item appeared alongside a profile of Daniel Pipes in Harvard Magazine, January-February 2005. Posted retroactively at Sandbox.
No study of Daniel Pipes would be complete without a few words about the trenchant Martin Kramer, a fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and former editor of Pipes’s Middle East Quarterly, who earned his undergraduate and doctoral degrees from Princeton, where he studied with Dodge professor (now emeritus) Bernard Lewis. For both Kramer and Pipes, Lewis is the greatest twentieth-century representative of the group of Jewish scholars who played a key role in the development of “an objective, nonpolemical, and positive evaluation of Islamic civilization,” to use Lewis’s own words, someone far above what Pipes calls the “postmodern practice of stuffing the complexities of political science and history into bottles labeled race, gender, and class” characterizing the current field.
In his 2001 book, Ivory Towers on Sand, Kramer launches a withering attack on the Middle East Studies Association (MESA), asserting that there were acknowledged problems with competency and standards from its very inception, in 1966—indeed, as far back as 1955, when Sir Hamilton Gibb was brought in to head the new Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard. Gibb, who “had wanted to bring Oriental studies and the social sciences together,” later lamented:
…it was not long before I realized how inchoate, indeed how naïve, all my previous ideas had been, in face of the actual problems involved in developing a programme of area studies that could stand up to the high standards demanded by the Harvard Faculty—and equally so to the best academic standards in this country.
“To speak plainly,” said Gibb, “there just are not yet enough fully-qualified specialists in any of the required fields to go round.” “When Gibb departed in 1964,” writes Kramer, “Harvard’s center nearly folded, and for years it relied upon visiting faculty. Harvard tolerated its Middle East center (it brought in money), but never respected it.”
It was the Arab-Israeli conflict in June 1967 that ignited what Kramer describes as the deepening politicization, the substitution of indoctrination for scholarship, and the Arab-Israel obsession that debilitated MESA. William Brinner, a Berkeley historian, saw it, and warned in his 1970 presidential address: “We do not seek an end to controversy, but we must realize that the price we will pay for political involvement is the destruction of this young Association and the disappearance of a precious meeting place of ideas.” And in 1974, the University of Chicago’s Leonard Binder, in his presidential address to MESA, cautioned: “Some day peace may break out, and then people will cease to be willing to pay us to tell them what they want to hear. What will we then do if we have no scholarly standing?”
But the coup de grâce for Middle Eastern studies, Kramer asserts, was delivered by Edward Said, the late Palestinian-American critic and University Professor and professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia, in his 1978 book Orientalism. Said, writes Kramer,
situated the Palestinians in a much wider context. They were but the latest victims of a deep-seated prejudice against the Arabs, Islam, and the East more generally—a prejudice so systematic and coherent that it deserved to be described as “Orientalism,”the intellectual and moral equivalent of anti-Semitism. Until Said, orientalism was generally understood to refer to academic Oriental studies in the older, European tradition….Said resurrected and resemanticized the term, defining it as a supremacist ideology of difference, articulated in the West to justify its dominion over the East.
“The decadence that pervades Middle Eastern studies today,” wrote Kramer, “the complete subservience to trendy politics, and the unlikelihood that the field might ever again produce a hero of high culture—all this is owed to Edward Said.”
It didn’t take long for “Orientalist” to become a nasty word in Middle Eastern studies circles, as, for example, when Said himself, writing in Counterpunch in June 2003, referred to “Neanderthal publicists and Orientalists like Bernard Lewis and Daniel Pipes.” To which Pipes responded a day or two later, “How impressive to be called an Orientalist by the person who transformed this honorable old term into an insult.” | <urn:uuid:571d3f45-e2da-4db9-8f5a-4be72f983a2f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://martinkramer.org/tag/harvard-magazine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.950807 | 954 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Lotion and tonic – cosmetic essences between which it is impossible to put equal-sign. And all because they have different appointment. Both options are ideal for daily face skin care. The main thing is to observe sequence of their use.
At first sight the difference between lotion and tonic is not obvious. However, these cosmetics have differences from each other both on structure, and on scope.
Lotion is the solution intended for hygienic procedures, made on water, spirit or acid basis. It is used as cleaning and resolvent.
In turn, tonic is the liquid designed for toning and moistening of skin. Its appointment is to finish leaving and, if necessary, to prepare skin for digestion of nutrients from cream or serum.
Both means are applied on area of the face, neck and decollete by means of cotton pad, special napkin or piece of gauze.
Composition of lotion and tonic – in what difference
Cosmetic lotion, besides basic essence (spirit, acid or water), surely includes various active components in the structure. It can be:
- essential oils;
- extracts and broths of herbs;
- natural antiseptic agents.
Thanks to such contents , lotion perfectly deletes the died-off cages, pollution and excess fat from skin, cleans the hammered pores, helps against acne, rashes, pigmental spots.
Cosmetic tonic, on the contrary, possesses more delicate action. It does not contain alcohol (or contains, but no more than 5% of all volume) and other surfactants. Its force – in softness.
As a part of tonic prevail:
- vitamins, peptides;
- salicylic acid;
- the moisturizing ingredients, for example, glycerin.
Tonic first of all – the soothing and refreshing means for skin allowing to restore the pH level, to narrow pores, to level complexion.
Together – lotion and tonic – the cosmetic medicines complementing each other, the tandem providing effective result in daily face care.
As it is correct to use lotion and tonic
Face lotions can act both as primary and as secondary means of clarification of skin.
In the first case the waterless washing is possible only at absence on face of decorative cosmetics (foundation, powder, blush) and plentiful pollution.
In the second case (in the presence of make-up, the increased fat content) skin is purified at first with special means (milk, gel, skin) but only then apply lotion for more careful washing of time, disinfecting, dehumidification of heat-spots, decrease of the activity of sebaceous glands.
Acid lotions are designed for processing of skin of the fat, combined and problem type, and made water-based – for hygiene of normal, dry and sensitive skin.
Important: spirit lotions are not suitable for daily leaving. They can use only in urgent cases, applying on problem sites of skin pointwise.
Face toners are always applied upon termination of the cleaning procedures as they, in principle, are not allocated with the washing-out properties.
Tonics are also selected taking into account condition of skin.
The means containing broth of bark of oak or extract of calendula, essential oil of mint or lemon are ideal for the fat and combined type. Liquid emulsions with hyaluronic acid, panthenol, urea are shown to dry and sensitive skin. Normal – with aloe juice belief, cranberry extract, fruit acids.
The main functions of any tonic – to nourish skin with moisture, to normalize functioning of its cages, to normalize acid-base balance of epidermis.Important: it is not recommended to buy means two in one – ""toning lotion"". Both forms of cosmetic products need to be taken and applied separately – by analogy with shampoo and hair conditioner, toothpaste and conditioner for mouth.
Lotion cannot replace completely tonic, and tonic – lotion as they have, in essence, different tasks, but the common goal is to keep beauty and health of skin! | <urn:uuid:f4de2e9c-da08-4bf3-a28d-5550285ee65a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mirrorinfo.online/beauty/as-well-as-in-what-lotion-differs-from-face-toner | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.938547 | 866 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Even though their name is … well … very generic, these guys are from, next to PSP who create top notch plug-ins, another Polish company who release quality products. In this case the Limiter/Compressor called Preceptor model-A which is a bit different to the model-T. Made me wonder why you could have any color as long as it was black. The difference between model-A and model-T is that model-T comes with an extra action option which also may suggest that the model-T is the MkII of the model-A.
This compressor/limiter is old type not only in regards of style by being black and having a VU meter but also in regards of controls which has the input and output 21 stepped knobs to control threshold and gain. In addition you can switch between low and high gain for the input. All knobs are stepped and gold plated and feel pretty sturdy. Attack and release knobs have next to 10 stepped levels also an auto option. You can choose the external side-chain input with a switch and use the side-chain HPF filter which also can be used on the internal side-chain. Switching from compressor to limiter give you an extra option for setting the speed from slow, medium to fast. Switching from linked mode to dual mono mode enables the user to use it on two separate mono channels. Bypassing the two channels give the VU meters ‘bloodshed eyes’ in the sense that a red light behind it is lit. They also added an 21 stepped blend knob which reveals this is a 21st century compressor/limiter.
The back has XLR for the inputs and outputs, 1.4″ jack inputs for the side-chains and a standard power cord input. I’m missing 1.4″ balanced inputs and outputs because at this day and age you might want to connect this unit directly on a mix bus or a audio interface directly bit this is only a minor issue. Same is the fact that the manual that comes with it is on a CD and not printed. Not that I ever needed it but still.
The preceptor is a discrete and transistor based compressor with differential amplifier circuit with Zener diodes stabilization to avoid distortion. Transformers are high-end Carnhill and have a filter to filter out the possible noise from the power input. Internally they have isolated the various different circuits to avoid any unwanted interference. So in theory it should be a very linear sounding compressor/limiter. So onwards to do some testing.
With these specs you immediately think this is a mix bus compressor/limiter. So I tried on several projects to use this as a mix bus compressor. The results I got were encouraging after having to find the sweet spot this compressor had. In fact I think it has several sweet spots in the sense that you have very much control of getting the input right just how you want to have it. You can crank up the inputs very high before you can hear the sound getting pinched off albeit not distorting at all. That’s when the blend option can make a huge difference and retain some of the original character of the sound if needed. Without the blend option this unit would lose a lot of its usefulness. Beefing up drums or bass becomes very easy this way. Vocals get more body and you can get rid of the staleness of some old samples.
As a mixing compressor/limiter the preceptor can be useful by seeming to be invisible. It doesn’t color much unless you don’t use the blend option. By using the side-chain inputs you can be extra creative. It can handle any hardcore kick you throw at it with ease. You even have to try very hard to get it distorting.
Since it’s a very clean compressor/limiter you also can use it for mastering. As a mastering compressor you can use in very different ways. The limiter option is OK but not always brilliant on every type of track because sometimes it seems to be a bit slow and you have to use the blend option to fix it. As a compressor you can push it very hard and together with the blend option you have a powerful tool for fighting the loudness war. E.g. hip-hop/urban and dance music can benefit from this. I got some nice results with fattening up some blues music but there I noticed an apparent low-end boost and I tried various settings and different types of music and overall you can state that there always is this low-end boost going on. I tried some classical music as well but for me it didn’t add something but instead made it a tad worse in regards of details and finesse of the sound. To be absolutely sure I tried it again the next day and although with some alterations I got a better result but still not the result I’d hoped to get.
Another example would be this electronic music song I tried and I noticed that the transients of the percussion were much better without the kick than with the kick so you have to be very careful to avoid these kinds of issues. This also made me realize that this in fact is a high-performance compressor/limiter which takes a fair amount of time to find out it’s strong points and weaknesses.
After having spend several days in my studio with it I must say it took me several days to find out how useful the preceptor can be for me. During mixing it may seem an over expensive compressor/limiter but it’s a no-nonsense compressor. As a bus compressor/limiter it’s something else. You hardly can get it wrong with this baby on your bus if you use the blend option. Or use it in a more traditional way as a very neutral sounding compressor or slightly aggressive limiter. As a mastering compressor it has its fair share of uses but I wouldn’t recommend anyone to have this as their single mastering compressor in case you need a pinch of pepper instead of a pinch of salt.
Even though its price may seem to be a hefty sum but compared to its direct competitors it’s reasonable. The units are hand build to last and make a fine addition in any studio.
Transparent sound and no coloring
Boosting low end slightly
Missing balanced ins/outs in the back
No printed manual
We would like to thank Generic Audio for their cooperation. | <urn:uuid:d51ef1b8-3107-4e3d-aa44-556c4e6fe94b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gearjunkies.com/2011/06/generic-audio-preceptor-gearjunkies-review/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.956904 | 1,343 | 1.5 | 2 |
Keeping Things Merry: Stay Safe This Holiday Season
The holidays last from late November through mid-January, which is a lot of time for string lights, Christmas trees, and out-of-town travel. We all want to enjoy the season as much as possible–but when we neglect safety precautions, a joyful time can quickly turn into a tragedy. Let’s discuss a few ways to stay safe this holiday season.
You may wonder how in the world someone could hurt themselves decorating for Christmas, but thousands of emergency-room-worthy injuries are incurred every year due to holiday decorating!
Artificial snow poses a threat if inhaled; breakable ornaments can break and cut childrens’ hands, and step ladders can tip over. Even some Poinsettias are poisonous and should be kept well out of reach of pets and kids. Whatever you decorate with, make sure it is safe and appropriate for all ages in your home.
Be Aware of Fire Hazards
Candles, tree lights, and fires in the fireplace can all cause major problems if not properly supervised. Never leave burning candles unattended, make sure your tree is watered properly (if real) or flame-resistant (if artificial).
Don’t burn wrapping paper or wreaths in the fireplace, and always make sure the embers of your fire are completely out before you go to bed for the night. Unplug Christmas lights whenever you’re not at home, and be sure that there’s nothing near your tree that poses a fire hazard, like a candle.
Whether you’re driving down the street or venturing cross-country, you need to make sure that you are prepared to be behind the wheel. That means getting plenty of sleep the night before, abstaining from all alcohol, and ensuring that the vehicle is ready for the road.
Additionally, put your cell phone away while driving so that you aren’t tempted to check a text message or pull up your maps while the car is moving. If you are riding with someone else, have them act as your temporary cell phone assistant while you’re driving–especially when it comes to navigation. Be sure you know what to expect with the weather, too; since the holidays occur during colder months, snow and ice may be a consideration when you travel.
Injured in a Holiday Accident? Call WK!
In the unfortunate event that you are hurt during the holidays through no fault of your own, we are ready to hear your case. Contact us today for a free consultation!
HERE'S WHAT TO DO NEXT
If you or a loved one have been injured and think you might have a case, call us now for a free consultation. | <urn:uuid:a5a03640-3dad-44e2-8830-9e6f6b8e601d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wkfirm.com/keeping-things-merry-stay-safe-holiday-season/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.943286 | 583 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Summer Youth Gambling Prevention Posted On
Summer is approaching and the kids will soon be home. Unlike school days, youth will have a lot of extra time on their hands that could be used for good choices or for poor choices. This time of year, when youth have so much time on their hands, is when many youth begin choosing to participate in risky behaviors like youth gambling.
Why Youth May Gamble
Youth are always at an increased risk for risky behaviors such as gambling and alcohol use, because of the stage of their brain development. The teenage brain is designed to take risks. That’s how they grow. The teenage years are an important time for youth to test their boundaries, experiment with different types of activities, and explore their world to find out who they are and what’s important to them. This time of development puts youth at a heightened risk for choices that can lead to future addictions, which is what concerns us as parents and concerned professionals.
Youth gambling is one of those risky activities. Since gambling activities have risk and excitement, gambling can be very attractive to youth. Youth who continue to participate in gambling activities may begin to have a sense that they need gambling to feel excitement. If their brains develop with this drive towards gambling to feel excitement, they may be on the road of addiction to gambling.
Risks of Youth Gambling
There are risks and consequences specific for youth who choose to gamble. It’s important for everyone to know these risks to help guide youth to making better choices for themselves. Some of these risks include:
- Damaged relationships;
- Increased risk for addiction;
- Poor academic performance;
- Increased risk for delinquency and crime;
- Increased risk for substance use and abuse;
- Mental health issues including depression and anxiety.
How to Help Youth Make Healthy Choices.
There are a few things that we can do as parents and professionals to help guide youth and do our best to ensure that they live the best and most prosperous lives possible.
- Parental Influence: Parents can talk to their youth to influence their choices about gambling. Parents have a much larger influence on the health and wellness of their kids then many think they do. Many parents of teenagers feel that their teenagers aren’t listening, and that what they say as parents doesn’t influence their kid’s choices. This couldn’t be further from the truth. Although kids may not seem to be listening, things that parents say do have an impact on their choices. Letting your kids know about things you agree and disagree with, like disagreeing on underage gambling, can help guide youth away from the risky choice to gamble.
- Youth Awareness: Youth need to be aware of the truths and risks associated with youth gambling. The more they know, the better decisions they’ll be able to make. If they don’t know the truths and risks associated with underage gambling, they can’t be expected to make the best decisions for themselves.
- Community Action: Community participation in reducing youth access to gambling is a great way to show youth that more than just parents and prevention professionals want them to choose healthier activities for themselves. Community action can be as simple holding gambling free community events where youth will be present, having sport fundraising events that do not involve gambling activities like 50-50 raffles, and updating businesses policies stating that youth are prohibited from gambling in their locations.
There are many resources to help educate youth, parents and community leaders about the risks of youth gambling and how to reduce youth access and participation in gambling. A great place to start is by visiting the YOU(th) Decide project website. Here, you’ll find many helpful resources, such as current articles, school policy ideas, a gambling-free event policy template, and an underage gambling fact sheet.
Another great resource for information on youth gambling is the ebook The Dangers of Youth Gambling Addiction. Here you’ll find information about youth gambling, youth brain development, and how youth are introduced to gambling and more.
If you believe your teen is struggling with gambling problems, please reach out to the NYS HOPEline for additional resources and local options for help. The NYS HOPEline can be reached at 1-877-8-HOPENY (or 1-877-846-7369).
Summer is a great time to reconnect with family through in-home and outdoor activities. Using this time to reconnect with our kids is a great opportunity to ensure we can guide them to make the best choices possible. We hope you and your family have a very nice summer! | <urn:uuid:2437e2a5-973a-45b1-bab6-916c4c4956ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://knowtheodds.org/blog/summer-youth-gambling-prevention/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.957581 | 954 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Budget 2015: 'Earn or learn' expected to apply to childcare subsidies with proposed activity testing
The Government's "earn or learn" ethos is expected to be extended to childcare subsidies in the upcoming budget, forcing parents on welfare to show they are working or studying before they get benefits.
Daycare providers say a proposed "activity test" could cost 100,000 lower income families benefits and are urging the Government to guarantee all families can access at least two days subsidised care, regardless of their circumstances.
The Elliott family of Blacktown in western Sydney are one family whose benefits face the chop.
Father Rodney works five hours a week unloading a delivery truck.
However, most of the family's income comes from welfare, which he and his wife use to support their three children.
Middle child Kellinda, 2, goes to the local childcare centre two days a week, for which the family gets a Government subsidy.
To continue getting it under the activity test, Mr Elliott would need to show he works 24 hours a fortnight, more than twice his current hours.
He said getting his hours to that level would be tough.
"Around this area it is tough for employment," Mr Elliott said.
"I've canvassed areas, handing out resume and stuff like that and still had no jobs."
Without the subsidy for Kellinda, it is likely Mr Elliott will be forced to pull her out of day care and in turn, that would make it harder for him to look for more work.
"They cut off the rebate, what chance has a parent got of getting 24 hours?" he said. "If they've got to take their kids to job interviews, or take them in to hand in resumes? It's just a catch 22."
However that is not how Social Services Minister Scott Morrison sees it.
"We want to encourage families, where they can work, where they're able to study, where they are able to look for work to do exactly that," Mr Morrison told the ABC.
"And in return for that then we can provide greater access to child care and early learning support."
Access to child care impacts job prospects
Early Childhood Australia (ECA) estimates 100,000 families could lose benefits because of the change, all of them earning an income of less than $55,000.
The Government said there is no data to support that and accused the childcare sector of jumping to an "extreme" conclusion.
ECA chief executive officer Samantha Page said childcare subsidies enabled parents to look for work and should not be used as a reward after they gained employment.
Single mothers trying to return to the workforce have the greatest need for the subsidy, she said.
"The reality of getting work is putting your name down on casual rosters all over town and taking whatever you can get," Ms Page said.
"And really you need to be able to say you've got some child care on at least two days a week, that the child is settled and you are able to take shifts on those days."
There is some sympathy for that argument from Mr Morrison.
"We are very mindful that there are circumstances in particular families where people would be prevented from doing those things and in those circumstances we want to ensure their children can receive the sort of early learning support that can be provided," he said.
The Productivity Commission, which proposed the activity test in a report last year, also suggested some exemptions, particularly for families which, like the Elliotts, get the parenting payment.
However there would be a trade-off — instead of the current two days subsidised day care, the Federal Government would only offer one.
Pathway to future welfare dependency
Samantha Page said this would deny children like Kellinda a major pathway out of her family's dependency on welfare.
She points to research which suggests children aged around two need at least two days in long day care to set them up for success at primary school.
"We don't want those children to miss out and we don't want those parents to miss out," she said.
"We're not trying to set up a school system here," Mr Morrison countered.
"It's for states and territories to run the schooling system."
Mr Morrison also argued that the value of education is not the only research relevant to the childcare argument.
"Children who grow up in jobless families are more likely to end up on welfare for life than others who don't — and that's just another cold hard statistic that we have to comes to terms with," he said. | <urn:uuid:a119b863-201b-4b3a-a070-6348312f5dd8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-04-27/budget-work-or-earn-for-childcare-subsidies/6425694?nw=0&pfm=sm&r=HtmlFragment | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.976303 | 936 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Crown Princess Mary of Denmark was the special guest in a brainstorming session of the Me + We programme, developed by the Mary Foundation.
Her Royal Highness arrived at Haslev Idrætsefterskole (Haslev Sports Continuation School in English) on the morning of Tuesday, 14 June, accompanied by the Director of the Mary Foundation, Helle Østergaard.
The two women were welcomed by the School Principal, Torben Svendsen, the Chairman of the Afterschool Association Torben Vind Rasmussen and a student, Iben Nyhuus Vølund.
The Crown Princess then sat down for the brainstorming session, in which, for the first time, the floor was give to the students so that they could explain how they believe Me & We’s work can be continued to best accommodate the needs of young people.
Me & We is “a wellbeing programme that, through concrete exercises and training of teachers, aims to strengthen young people’s social skills and prevent dissatisfaction,” according to the Mary Foundation’s website.
The programme was born in 2019 from a collaboration between the Mary Foundation, the After-School Association and Just Human and was pilot tested in the school year 2020/2021 in 31 schools across Denmark with great success.
Its aim is to “make the students aware of their importance to the community, strengthen their ability to create and maintain meaningful social relationships and let them experience on their own body what it means for their profits to take a break and get their sleep.”
To achieve their goals, the Me & We project has enlisted the help of teachers and other adults that have daily relations with young people. With specific training, these adults have been given the tools to identify and act upon signals that a young adult is going through some hard times of “dissatisfaction,” brought on by comparing themselves to the idealised version of their peers’ lives or body image issues. | <urn:uuid:ce8cb74d-5d91-485b-98cd-fb7931f5941a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://royalcentral.co.uk/europe/denmark/crown-princess-mary-helps-young-people-experiencing-dissatisfaction-178028/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96968 | 406 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Keywords : Collision avoidance
An Idiosyncratic Rear End Collision Avoidance Technique Entailing CAN Protocol for Comprehensive Conveyances
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2020, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages 2478-2487
Passenger safety is the prime concern in modern day vehicles, especially in driverless automobiles. Collision warning and collision avoidance systems are the latest emerging automotive safety technologies that assist the automobiles, especiallsy cars in avoiding accidents. Alarming statistics of accidents and increased number of vehicles on road demands for an intelligent safety mechanism that helps the car in handling a type of immediate precarious situation, specifically a sudden probability of a rear- end collision. Accidents due to rear end collision is one of the major problems encountered in cars, because of the ordinary succeeding vehicle, which is not trained to respond automatically and instantaneously to react to sudden halts and other emergency situations. When a car decelerates or halts suddenly by sensing an , the following vehicle tends to collide at the rear as it does not have the knowledge and capacity to respond to this unexpected situation. This results in serious damage to both the vehicles, posing a very big danger to passengers within the vehicles. The solution to this impending danger can be eliminated by extensively employing different electronic sensors and protocols like CAN(Controller Area Network) .The ARM processor keeps a continuous check on vehicle parameters using MEMS sensor and temperature sensor and gas sensor. The CAN controller on receiving the equivalent results, is used to communicate within the car. This avoids collision between the cars. | <urn:uuid:75ea6c05-2df7-422c-884d-7b77dd6263e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ejmcm.com/?_action=article&kw=3732&_kw=Collision+avoidance | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.891532 | 316 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Emma* is 11 and uses phrases like “the best that I am able” when asked by an adult if she will answer their questions. Strikingly intelligent, the western Sydney daughter of African and Indian migrants can recall in vivid detail everything that happened on a recent school excursion, right down to the detailing on pottery she saw.
So when she was called to give evidence against her mother in the supreme court, Emma was a reliable witness.
She testified in a landmark Australian case which centred around what happened to her in a room, about an hour away from her home, on an unspecified date which is likely to have been when she was seven years old.
Emma and her sister Caroline* were the – at times unwilling and overwhelmed – protagonists in the first female genital mutilation (FGM) trial in Australia, which has been playing out for the past nine weeks.
The sisters were born two years apart into the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community. Their path to the supreme court to give evidence while their mother sat in the dock began in 2012 when police officers arrived at their school asking to interview them.
The tapes of that interview, a textbook demonstration of police and social workers’ professionalism and patience, cover a range of subjects with each girl as interviewers slowly circle the real reasons they are there.
At one point Emma is asked about her family.
Interviewer: What do you like about your mother?
Emma: I like that she does some really nice things for me, like packing and making my lunch, and Dad, he helps me when I’m sick.
Interviewer: What else do you like about your mother?
Emma: She is kind.
Interviewer: Is there anything you don’t like about your mother?
That day, Emma told the police officer and the social worker about “khatna”, a ceremony which girls from the Dawoodi Bohra community typically undergo when they are seven years old. A type of “coming of age” ceremony, to put it in clumsy western terms.
The trial centred around exactly what happened to Emma and her younger sister, who has a cognitive disability, during their khatna ceremonies.
That these girls had taken part in the ceremonies, that they had lay on a bed naked from the waist down during them, that other older women, such as their mother and paternal grandmother, were in the room reciting prayers, these were facts that were not disputed.
That the girls were touched on the genitals by an older woman, known in the trial as KM, was not disputed. What KM did to their genitals with what she described as “forceps” and Emma described as a silver tool “a bit like a scissor” was what the verdict hinged on.
KM said she simply “touched” the genitals of the girls in a “symbolic” part of the ceremony. The prosecution argued the girls had been cut and a medical examination by a doctor could not determine what happened either way, though type one or type four FGM was not ruled out.
KM was in the stand along with the girls’ mother for the duration of the case, tried alongside a senior clergy in the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community, Shabbir Mohammedbhai Vaziri, who was accused of being an accessory after the fact by trying to help the women cover up the mutilation inflicted on the two young girls.
KM, 72, would come into court each day with the girls’ mother, Tanya*, 38, each dressed in the traditional rita, a long cotton dress and head covering. Leaning on a walking stick as well as other people to help her in and out of the courtroom, KM would sometimes have to leave abruptly, her blood sugar level crashing due to her diabetes.
Emma gave her evidence in the first week. Peering into the courtroom via a video link, the small girl leaned into the camera, eager to please, likely eager for it to be over. Her long dark hair was pulled back from her face and she wore a simple T-shirt.
How much she knew about why exactly she was there or what the potential consequences could be for her family was unclear. Emma answered the first few questions in a voice that was clear, confident, considered. When the barrister cross-examining her, Stuart Bouveng, commented that she was embarrassed to be asked about her private parts, Emma agreed emphatically. Asked if she would still answer his questions, she responded: “the best that I am able”.
Emma wanted to get every question an adult asked her correct, whether it was her timetable or exactly what she had to drink after her khatna ceremony (lemonade). She was bright and bubbly, and it almost shone out of every pore that this was a very loved little girl.
But answering questions about khatna in the video of her 2012 police interview, which was played to the court, Emma’s entire face drooped, along with her body, as her shoulders hunched down. “I don’t really want to talk about that,” she said.
When first asked if she could explain what khatna was, she said: “Not very much because I’m not used to talking about it because my mum tells me not to go around telling everyone that much.”
Tanya, who sat halfway between serene and expressionless throughout most of the trial, visibly winced during her daughter’s evidence. When the police interview started playing and Emma spoke of her love of arts and craft, Tanya bowed her head and put her face in her arm.
As Emma talked about what she liked about her mother, Tanya covered her face with her hands and KM put a comforting hand on her arm.
The jury was made up of six men and six women. Three looked as though they could be parents and only two looked like they did not have a Caucasian background. Most would not have passed for older than 30.
The way the supreme court is laid out at the old building on King Street, Sydney, has everyone more or less sitting on top of each other. For nine weeks, the jury sat facing the table of barristers. If one of the jury members in the first row had stood up and reached across the jury box they would have almost been able to touch the outstretched arm of one of the defence team.
The crown prosecutor was Nanette Williams. Two women prosecuted the case and two men defended it. Williams was often asked by the judge what the point of her questioning was or told that she was being repetitive. She was rarely flustered, but did get frustrated. She said some people were not telling the whole truth, or even part of the truth, and her voice would grow accusatory as she prodded them a bit harder.
She was up against Robert Sutherland SC and Bouveng. Sutherland was easily the most at ease in the courtroom, the most cool-headed of the three. He was representing Tanya and Vaziri. Bouveng was conversational in his statements to the jury.
While Williams had used her opening address to lay out the complexities of the case, Bouveng spelled it out to the jury as if they were high schoolers. All they needed to decide, he told them, was that the girls had indeed been cut.
Which seemed a simple enough task.
Emma told the court she “imagined she was a princess in a garden” as KM cut her clitoris with a steel instrument. She had her eyes closed during the mutilation, though she could describe what she saw KM holding in her hand beforehand. When asked by the judge, she obediently drew it for the court.
It looked like a pair of scissors but with just one handle.
Caroline’s evidence was less emphatic. She has learning difficulties but is able to function in a mainstream school with some assistance. When it came to the khatna ceremony, there was little she could properly recall.
She also gave evidence via video link. She spoke so softly you could hear the room straining to hear her. She swung nervously on the chair, from side to side. While Emma seemed almost adult, Caroline was all child.
When the oath was read out to her and she was asked if she agreed to it, Caroline just stared straight ahead. After some prodding she was told to say “I do”, which she obediently did. An objection was swift – the child obviously did not understand what she was saying, Bouveng argued.
The judge considered for a few moments and then decided she was freaked out by the whole setting – the formality and the wigs probably adding to how off-kilter she felt. Johnson took off his wig, trying to appear more normal. A court reporter muttered that she had never seen a judge do that before.
“Caroline?” he said. “Do you promise to tell the truth?”
Caroline responded with a finger in her mouth: “Yes.”
Her police interview from 2012 was played. In it she was asked what her mum’s name was. “Mummy,” she responded.
Much of Caroline’s evidence relied on the police interview, as in court most of her answers were that she did not know, was not sure, could not remember. Even the police interview evidence was mostly monosyllabic.
Interviewer: I heard someone came to your house for something special, can you tell me about it?
Interviewer: You don’t know or you don’t want to talk about?
Caroline: Don’t know.
After some discussion about khatna and what Caroline remembered of lying on a bed at her house while her sister watched a movie downstairs, she was asked what she felt during the ceremony.
Caroline: In the bottom.
Interviewer: Do you still feel the hurting now?
During a break, court reporters huddled out on the steps talking about the two girls. Where traumatised victims had been expected, they had seen thriving young children. Thriving, loved, young children who could not think of a single thing when asked what they did not like about their mum or dad, but who had one thing they did not want to talk about.
“She’s gorgeous! Did you hear how clever she was?”
“She used words I would never use”
“They’re still living with their mum aren’t they?”
“She must be a good mum,” and then a pause. “Most of the time.”
Medical evidence presented to the courtroom was inconclusive. Dr Susan Marks, a paediatrician and head of the child protection unit at Westmead Children’s hospital, examined both the girls and said it was possible they could have been cut or even had part of their clitorises removed.
The injury had healed with no obvious scarring to either. The crown prosecutor later explained to the court this was because KM had perfected a technique that left no scarring.
When KM took the stand, in the final stages of the trial, she was defiant. Every accusation, every suggestion that she had mutilated the two young girls was met with frustrated proclamations of innocence.
At the beginning of her evidence, which ran for days, she waffled, a sweet old lady telling the love story of her second marriage after the disastrous end of her first.
“I worked two jobs to support children in university and the only time I had time [and money] for myself was $3 on a Sunday when I went to to Park Royal for half the day and had a cup of coffee and listened to music,” she said.
KM was reminded by the judge to keep her answers to simple questions short.
In the witness box she was animated, eager to tell stories from long ago, from becoming a nurse in England (where she hated the weather) to her immigration to Australia in 1997. When KM sat in the dock, as the accused, she rarely showed expression.
What had she done to those two little girls? Symbolic khatna, was her answer.
“It is allowing the skin to sniff the steel,” she said. A simple light touch with steel forceps on the genitalia.
There were other witnesses in the room but none could – or would – say exactly what happened. Alexandra, the girls’ grandmother, was present at both of the girls’ ceremonies.
Entering court slowly, she made sure to remind the court of her age at every opportunity.
Speaking through an interpreter when gaps in her testimony were pointed out by Williams she would say “I am not able to remember anything after so many years” or “I can’t remember everything because I’m not able to remember all, my age is 80.”
Alexandra told the court she could not say exactly what had happened to the girls’ genitals in each ceremony as she had been too busy praying from the Qur’an.
But it was not just the girls’ word against what the adults said happened. It was their own word against themselves. Police had bugged phones, bugged cars and even bugged the waiting room where the parents met after their initial police interviews.
Excerpts played in court revealed the “Africa checking story”, a plan hatched to say part of the ceremony involved “checking” the girls to make sure they had not been mutilated in Africa. Those involved admitted to hatching the plan and that it was a lie in court, but maintained the girls had not been cut.
In a 2012 phone conversation between Tanya and the woman at whose house the first mutilation took place, they could be heard complaining about the FGM laws in New South Wales.
Tanya told the woman the girls had been checked by a gynaecologist – they spoke in Punjabi, and the court was provided with an English translation.
“I believe that it is not visible, they couldn’t even see it, however I think that matter is not going to finish here,” Tanya said.
The older woman then said: “I was talking with [someone] about how funny it is, look at body piercing where it is.”
Tanya: “Ha ha, that no problem.”
Other woman: “No problem about it, ridiculous laws they have.”
After almost nine weeks of evidence, it took the jury just a day to decide they believed the girls. Their mother, KM and Vaziri were found guilty on every count. When the forewoman read out the verdict, Tanya and KM were stoic in the dock.
KM stared at the judge and then straight ahead. Tanya looked down the entire time and her face did not reveal how she felt.
The charges carry a maximum sentence of seven years in jail. They will learn their sentence on 5 February. | <urn:uuid:33d28499-833a-47a1-8c09-914153e32f8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/nov/13/female-genital-mutilation-trial-young-girl-convinced-jury-australia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.989568 | 3,224 | 1.585938 | 2 |
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Books & eBooks Written by Shabbar Suterwala
Top 20 Business Strategies for your Business Growth
A Book for Small & Medium Size Businesses and Business Owners who would like to quickly read, learn and apply business strategy into their business, without going through the hassel of lengthy and theorotical material.
You can read all the 20 Strategies at one go or can pick up one strategy at a time, read it, understand it and apply it in your business and get the results and then move to another strategy.
A to Z of Parenting: A Short & Simple Guide to Positive Parenting
Children start their learning with the A, B & C and go up to Z. The traditional A for Apple, B for Ball vocabulary is replaced in this book with Positive Phrases that the Parent can use with the Child along with the tips for each alphabets from A to Z. A positive set of words and a vocabulary of 26 alphabets i.e. 26 Positive Words which can be inculcated as Habits and Behaviour in the Child Development.
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Want to Become Trainer?
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Welcome to SOLAR GREEN RENEWABLE ENERGY
SUSTAINABLE GREEN PROJECTS IN EAST AFRICA
Solar Green Renewable Energy (SGRE) a UK Company was incorporated to identify ideal locations for Sustainable Green Projects, starting in Kenya.
SGRE a Conceptional Developer and a Market Solution Civil Society Company develop turnkey projects and transfer the technology to the eventual owners for an internationally recognized development fee.
Solar Green have been active in East Africa since 2006 and are giving due diligence to Solar PV, High-Yield Agricultural Projects, Biomass - including waste management and latest technology for Sustainable Green Projects.
October 2018 MMXVIII
Our sister UK Company Solar Green Tourism (U) Limited concentrates on projects in Uganda.
SGRE give great importance to the youth of East Africa starting with training on various community projects.
SGRE are also evaluating installing Solar PV on existing buildings who purchase electricity from the main grid supplier thus helping the local area and communities with reducing expensive energy costs.
Solar Green also provide a vital component with regards tourism related projects in the pre-construction feasibility report, by providing a detailed study and analysis identifying the potential market for creation for new build.
SGRE have collated much data on perishable produce movements by road.
Solar Green Renewable Energy Limited
Registration number 06690466 (England and Wales) | <urn:uuid:28c8950d-ea1b-405b-8af0-9b0f4bbe087a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://solargreentourism.com/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.8966 | 288 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Hundreds of Colombians waded across a border river with fridges, chickens and mattresses on their backs as goats and children followed under the scorching tropical sun, victims of an escalating dispute with Venezuela's government.
Saying they were forced from their rickety wooden or corrugated metal homes and scared of what might happen next if they stayed inside Venezuela, they fled across the River Tachira and back into their homeland on Tuesday.
"I feel impotent. I want to cry. I lost everything overnight," Darwin Arenas, a 26-year-old Colombian, said as he and his Venezuelan wife dragged their possessions across the river in a wheelbarrow.
Most of the refugees have lived for years in Ernesto Guevara, an extremely poor Venezuelan border village, or other nearby settlements, but they were forced to leave after Venezuelan authorities marked their homes with a "D" for "demolition" over the weekend.
Venezuela says it is cracking down on paramilitary and smuggling gangs active along the border but the families fleeing said they had nothing to do with crime.
Some like Arenas, a supermarket worker with two children, were formally deported by Venezuela. Others said that National Guard officers ordered them to get out, and others decided to leave before the border crisis gets worse.
Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro has blamed many of recession-hit Venezuela's problems on Colombians, sparking a spat between the two South American neighbors who share a long and porous border plagued by drug trafficking, paramilitaries, left-wing guerrillas and smugglers.
Maduro last week closed an official border crossing near here and suspended some constitutional guarantees along parts of the border, allowing authorities the right to search homes and businesses without a warrant, after Venezuelan soldiers were injured in a firefight with smugglers.
Across the river on Colombian soil, authorities are helping the distraught families find refuge. Many have no idea where they are going and on Tuesday they milled around aimlessly alongside their possessions on a muddy river bank.
Colombia's disaster relief agency said it was sending 500 emergency aid kits as well as tents and diapers to the town of Cucuta on the Colombian side of the border.
Maduro says he is only interested in forcing out smugglers and paramilitaries and insists that human rights will be upheld. The Colombian government, however, says more than 1,000 people have been unfairly deported.
"Flattening houses, using force against people, separating families, not allowing them to take their few possessions and marking the houses for demolition is totally unacceptable and is a reminder of bitter episodes of humanity that can not be repeated," President Juan Manuel Santos said on Tuesday.
Dozens of residents in Ernesto Guevara, named for the Argentine revolutionary better known as "Che" Guevara, said National Guard troops came over the weekend and went through every single home, looking for Colombians.
They labeled many houses with a giant "D" for "demolition", the residents said, adding that the National Guard proceeded to damage homes and steal some possessions.
Videos posted online purported to show demolition equipment being used to flatten houses elsewhere along the border.
"The National Guard came and said we had 72 hours to get out and they would demolish our house," said Colombian Luz Nelsi, a 36-year-old single mother whose wooden house is painted with a giant "D."
"Do we look like paramilitaries?" said Nelsi as she and her three young daughters stood at the door.
Venezuela says it is acting only to protect Venezuela and that it has respected the Colombians' rights.
"We haven't violated a single human right. We haven't flattened a single house" said Jose Vielma, the governor of Tachira state, during a special National Assembly session in the western part of Venezuela on Tuesday.
Venezuelan authorities did not respond to requests for comment on this article.
Many Venezuelans have coexisted with the country's large Colombian community for decades and are shocked by the border crisis. Housewife Maria Velazco, 47, helped Colombian friends living in Ernesto Guevara pack up their things.
"This is like when the Jews' houses were marked with stars in Germany," she said outside the friends' house as those around her frantically packed up what they could.
Additional reporting by Julia Symmes Cobb and Monica Garcia in Bogota and Corina Pons in Caracas. Editing by Alexandra Ulmer and Kieran Murray. | <urn:uuid:508aa794-9af9-4639-847b-9cd77435b885> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journalism.girishgupta.com/sp.php?id=954 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.973499 | 941 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Introduction: Cardboard House
I am pavan, New member in instructables and this project is root-way to my passion.
When I first saw one of the YouTube video of instructables, I was surprised because I never knew anything about this website before.I wasted my childhood days, never had enough information to make different things where I am interested in.When I got this website I really wanna do some work but I don't have enough time.
Fortunately this lock-down make me time to build something great. Even I got stuck at my cousin's house I built a cardboard house with old cooker and pan boxes.
Hope this project will help you as a prototype of your dream house.
I am so happy to share with you 😊
Step 1: Make a Design and Take Measurements
Making design of house is so easy, there is no need to be a architecture or civil engineer. You have to be aware of basic blueprints.
Imagine each and every corner of your building in your mind which makes you to draw easily without anyone's help.Put all your thoughts in a clear diagram by yourself on clean paper with pencil ✏️(measurementsare important which makes you to build a house easily) because, if you drawn anything wrong that can be changed with eraser.
Draw the lines before crafting the boxes that excludes the wastage of paper and boxes.
First take the measurements of the boxes precisely. Building a house is not easy thing it takes to much time, you have to be patient.
Record the measurements as per your requirement.
Step 2: Essentials
Bring everything to your place before you start the work that helps you to avoid distractions with other things.
- pen or sketch.
- pencils,eraser and sharpener.
Step 3: Make a Basement 1
Strong basement is very important for house so that you can get a super strong building like shown in the picture and make a hole for swimming pool before hand like you see in the image.
Increase the ground floor for 1cm to arrange the block for bad situation like floods, earthquake, etc... actually I don't know that reason clearly but I heard some where.[ measurements are given in the measurement steps ]
Add swimming pool block. Take a depth of 2cm for pool because I have taken 3cm for basement and attach it hole as shown.
I make the stairs thickness of 0.3cm, bend it little bit and attach.
Step 4: Make a Basement 2
Make a depth of 3cm for basement as shown in photo. Attach paper to add the two cardboard to make it strong.
Attach the rectangle bar in middle to support the building.
Wait for an hour once the basement is done so that it will get the required strength to restrain the weight of the building.
Step 5: Furniture
Make the furniture with cardboard like sofa,chair,bed,TV,stands,etc in your own way.
Take a cardboard as required, mark the outlines on the cardboard then cut them precisely So that the furniture will look good when they are glued accordingly.
You can make the furniture in your own way so that it meets your own requirements of your dream house.
Step 6: Stairs
Stairs will take too much time, be patient. Finish the work what have you started don't lose faith.
Arrange the stairs in zigzag order on the rectangle cardboard. I took the height of 1.5cm approximately and width of 2.5cm.
Step 7: Ground Floor
Take four large cardboard for making walls to the ground floor, cut a cardboard into four parts and mark the lines for doors and windows, remove the pieces accordingly so that you can see a wall with doors and windows. Then join the walls as block like you see in the photo. And divide the ground floor into different parts as of your requirement (like guest room, hall, dinning hall, bed room, kitchen room,stairs ), then attach furniture to them.
Step 8: Pillars & Walls
In first picture I have shown clearly.
- Take the 3 pieces of rectangle cards.
- And place it on the paper and glue it.
- And roll it.
Make the pillars as required. Attach the pillars to rectangular walls height 9cm. Place the Pillar holes to the small block and glue the pillars. And also gates attached.
Step 9: First Floor
Similarly for the first floor, make the block as per your imagination because if you dream for your own house, you can explore everything.
Add furniture to it.
I made first floor in the way which is removed easily so that I can make changes to the plan in future to do something big.
Step 10: Store Room and Chimney
To make storeroom and chimney need to do simple steps.
Make an angle 110 degrees for slant. Add attach them properly, I have shown everything in the photos.
Step 11: I Love My Entrance
Up to this, I have shown you everything I made but this entrance should be your design, let me see how many people make the beautiful entrance.
I made beautiful garden with swing chair and swimming pool in the open area.
Step 12: Finally Built It
Build your own dream house like me. And build the house in real life too.
Dream big and do big.
Participated in the
Back to Basics Contest | <urn:uuid:f8198240-3616-44e7-9a1d-7ff5950d1117> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.instructables.com/Cardboard-House-6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.931703 | 1,156 | 2.375 | 2 |
General Instructions for Learning Activities
* Read/watch all assigned materials listed for the week in the Course Content
* Cite to assigned materials in all responses in Learning Activities
* Use only assigned materials to complete Learning Activities; do not use internet unless otherwise instructed
* Include in-text citations and a Reference List for in-text citations
* Write in correct, complete sentences, in paragraph format unless otherwise instructed
* Submit Learning Activities to Assignment Folder
Learning Activity: due 11:59 pm ET, Thursday
SUBMIT TO ASSIGNMENT FOLDER.
Background: Connor, Ali, Madison, and Sam recognize an important early step in creating GC is to agree on a business organizational form and clarify the owners’ roles because each has different priorities, interests, and expectations about the business.
Businesses are created in one of several organizational structures, or forms. Choosing a business structure involves several factors, including which structure is most favorable for the business and its owners.
The goal for GC is to minimize legal risks and liabilities, as well as tax liabilities, for the owners and the business. The owners understand a business organizational structure can achieve this goal, and can define their managerial roles and responsibilities clearly to satisfy their interests and maximize their areas of expertise.
Connor, Ali, Madison, and Sam agree that weighing and balancing advantages and disadvantages for the company and its owners is the heart of the process of choosing a business structure. The owners have met privately to discuss their decision. They are now ready to meet with TLG for further analysis, negotiation, and a decision regarding the Green Clean business structure.
Instructions: To assist in this process, Winnie and Ralph asked you to assess several business structures and their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages for Green Clean. Those structures are:
* General Partnership
* Limited Partnership
* Limited Liability Partnership
* General Corporation
* Limited Liability Company
Evaluate and synthesize this information, and do the following 2 things.
1. Create a comparison matrix <http://www.educationworld.com/tools_templates/cc_nov2002.doc> that shows the 5 types of business structures and compares and contrasts each type of business structure. You may use the chart format in the hyperlink above, or create a similar chart, or create an excel chart.
The chart should include several areas for comparison, i.e., procedure for formation, cost of formation, etc. The chart should include various types of liability for comparison.
The chart should be an in depth and comprehension comparison.
Ensure the pros and cons of each organizational structure are easily and clearly compared on the chart.
2. Write a memo to GC owners:
A. recommending a business structure for GC that best minimizes tax and personal liability for the new business and its owners
B. explaining and justifying your recommendation, specifically and in detail.
TO: Winnie James, Ralph Anders
FROM: (your name)
RE: Green Clean Business Structure
Use correct, complete sentences, in paragraph format. | <urn:uuid:be8de61d-9cb2-45d8-a665-d7eba8f63727> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fivestarsessay.com/learning-activity-w8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.926201 | 647 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Brand Names : Diquinol, Yodoquinol, Yodoxin, Diodoquin, diiodohydroxyquin, diiodohydroxyquinoline
Iodoquinol (eye-oh-doe-KWIN-ole) belongs to the group of medicines called
antiprotozoals. These medicines are used to treat infections caused by protozoa
(tiny, one-celled animals). Iodoquinol is used most often
in the treatment of an intestinal infection called amebiasis. However, it
may be used to treat other types of infection as determined by your doctor.
Iodoquinol is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Some commonly used brand names are:
In the U.S. -
In Canada -
Generic name product may be available in the U.S.
Other commonly used names are diiodohydroxyquin | <urn:uuid:078a15be-5c0a-4635-9b42-03f61f658c55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.3-rx.com/drugs/detailed/iodoquinol/default.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.833554 | 258 | 2.171875 | 2 |
How To Check Your Computer's Ram For Upgrade Possibilities
Computer users who want to increase the RAM of their computer have two choices to do so. They can buy all new computer memory and replace the current RAM with the newly bought modules, or they can add modules to the existing memory to increase the overall RAM this way.
Both options have advantages and disadvantages. Buying all new RAM or sets of RAM usually costs more than adding to the existing RAM. It can on the other hand speed things up if you have a slow RAM module in your PC.
The first thing that you may want to do is to check the currently installed memory. Experienced users may know the answer to how much ram their computer has installed, inexperienced users on the other hand can use software to find that out. The easiest way under Windows is to press Windows-Pause and look for the installed memory (RAM) listing in the window that opens up.
But that tells you how much RAM is installed, but not the speed and specifications of the memory. A tool for that is the free software CPU-Z. It is available as a portable version at the developer website. Just download and run it. Switch to the SPD tab in the program. Here you find extensive information about each motherboard slot and RAM module. You see the general type (e.g. DDR3), the module size (e.g. 2048 MBytes), the Max Bandwidth (PC3-10700H) and the manufacturer. Those are all the information that you need to shop for additional RAM modules.
Depending on your motherboard you either need dual channel memory or triple channel memory. You find those information under Memory > Channels.
Lets say you have four slots of memory available, and the first two are occupied by two 1GB RAM modules. You could now make the decision to buy two additional modules to put them in the two unoccupied slots of the motherboard, buy a 2x2 Gigabyte set instead and replace the existing modules or go overboard and buy 4x2 GB modules instead.
If the RAM is old, it is usually better to buy new faster RAM. If you got the computer recently and need more RAM for applications and tasks that you run you may be better off adding RAM to the computer if motherboard slots are available for that.
Which leads to the following question: How much RAM is installed in your computer, and do you think that it is sufficient for what you do with the computer?Advertisement | <urn:uuid:5768b57f-a838-4ae8-bffa-ac6389c9590c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ghacks.net/2011/09/24/how-to-check-your-computers-ram-for-upgrade-possibilities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.929415 | 504 | 2.390625 | 2 |
An antisemitism watchdog group identified a speaker by the name of Nick Collela who had expressed desires to run over his Jewish neighbors with his car, according to ABC and The Algemeiner.
His statements were made at a Planning Board meeting last Wednesday in Haverstraw, Rockland County, New York. There has been a reported increase in the population of Orthodox Jews in the area.
During Collela's speech, he said that if Orthodox Jews were "walking in the road at night, not wearing reflectors, and if he was to hit them with his vehicle, he would 'of course back over them again.'”
SICKENING! Bigot at a public hearing in Haverstraw (Rockland County), NY says regarding Jews, “There is a certain sect of people that tend to walk in the street and nobody is wearing any reflective gear. So, if I run one of them over, and of course I will back over them again pic.twitter.com/l5L1tNAkCq— Eye On Antisemitism (@AntisemitismEye) November 11, 2021
Colella made statements regarding the local town's Orthodox population and their custom of walking to Shabbat services, ABC reported.
The Planning Board told him that his time to speak during the meeting was over, but he continued shouting over the other participants involved. The meeting was about the possibility of building a yeshiva in the area to better reflect the increasing Orthodox population in the town.
As a result, New York State Gov. Kathy Hochul directed the NY State Police Task Force, which specifically focuses on hate crimes, to investigate the individual making these antisemitic statements.
Hochul, as well as other lawmakers, condemned the incident, saying that "antisemitism, like forms of hate, is horrifying and unacceptable," and that "everyone has the right to walk down the street without fear."
I have heard reports of violent rhetoric towards our Jewish community at a town meeting in Rockland County. Antisemitism, like all forms of hate, is horrifying and unacceptable. Everyone has the right to walk down the street without fear. New York, we are better than this.— Kathy Hochul (@GovKathyHochul) November 11, 2021
Lohud reported that state officials are looking at Collela's statements to see if they could bring forth hate crime charges.
The Rockland County District Attorney Office is working with the Haverstraw Police Department and the New York State Attorney to determine the charges against Collela. | <urn:uuid:7ee44d00-a0cf-472e-8d5f-2f73e8282cb4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/man-tells-town-of-desire-to-run-over-jews-police-investigate-684925 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.969909 | 536 | 1.507813 | 2 |
priya priya-sanga-hina, priya priya-sanga vina,
nahi jiye,-e satya pramana
mora dasa sone yabe, tanra ei dasa habe,
ei bhaye dunhe rakhe prana
priya—a woman beloved; priya-sanga-hina—being separated from the man beloved; priya—the man beloved; priya-sanga vina—being separated from the woman beloved; nahi jiye—cannot live; e satya pramana—this is factual evidence; mora—My; dasa—situation; sone yabe—when one hears; tanra—his; ei—this; dasa—situation; habe—there will be; ei bhaye—out of this fear; dunhe—both; rakhe prana—keep their life.
" 'When a woman is separated from the man she loves or a man is separated from his beloved woman, neither of them can live. It is a fact that they live only for one another, for if one dies and the other hears of it, he or she will die also.
Link to this page: https://prabhupadabooks.com/cc/madhya/13/152 | <urn:uuid:3bdbcf1c-2299-4c06-9925-0bc246c38e96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prabhupadabooks.com/cc/madhya/13/152 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.77508 | 304 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Boosting the Web: Fiber Optic Cables and the Speed of Light
Anyone who survived high school physics class will probably recall silly posters on the wall postulating the Speed of Light, “c”, as a speed limit—as SiliconANGLE’s Mark Hopkins says, “299,792,458 metres per second. IT’S THE LAW.” Information is channeled across fiber optic cables using light, which means that for any single bit of information we’re bottlenecked by that speed limit, however, no current cable reaches the actual full speed of light in a vacuum because fiber optic cables are not empty…
So, when Denton Gentry over at the Geekhold blog Coding Relic suggests that we “increase the speed of light” he doesn’t mean that we attempt to change the apparently immutable laws of physics—he wants us to change the fiber optic medium so that it doesn’t impede light traffic as much.
100 Gigabit Ethernet is nearly done, with products already available on the market. Research into technologies for Terabit links is ramping up now, including one at UCSB which triggered this musing. Dan Blumenthal, a UCSB professor involved in the effort, said that new materials for the fiber optics might be considered: “We won’t start out with that, but it’ll move in that direction,”(quoting from Light Reading).
Fiber with a 10% lower refractive index would increase the speed of light in the medium by 10%. It would decrease the round trip time across the Pacific from ~100 msec to ~90 msec. One of my favorite Star Trek lines is from Déjà Q, a casual suggestion to “Change the gravitational constant of the universe.” This is a case where we can make the web faster by changing the speed of light, though we need only do so within fiber optic cables and not the entire universe.
Right now, talking to Japan from the US will be a little bit slower than talking to California from Arizona—distance is a factor—but as materials science gets better and better we should be able to produce cables that will allow light to travel faster across the Pacific. Even an 10-percent increase will produce a dramatic effect on the amount of bandwidth that can be pressed through those cables.
It’s either we work on making our communication faster, little by little, with the technology we have.
Or we develop an ansible and call the whole thing off. (With all due credit to Orson Scott Card and Ursula K. Le Guin.) I am guessing we’ll go the conventional route, although the science fiction nerds in all of us will continue to drool at the idea of instant communication.
A message from John Furrier, co-founder of SiliconANGLE:
Show your support for our mission by joining our Cube Club and Cube Event Community of experts. Join the community that includes Amazon Web Services and Amazon.com CEO Andy Jassy, Dell Technologies founder and CEO Michael Dell, Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger and many more luminaries and experts.
We really want to hear from you, and we’re looking forward to seeing you at the event and in theCUBE Club. | <urn:uuid:8cbb6eed-4604-40ff-89a6-a0f8bff75188> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://siliconangle.com/2010/10/28/boosting-the-web-fiber-optic-cables-and-the-speed-of-light/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.93068 | 679 | 3.125 | 3 |
New gallery exhibit sheds light on flu epidemic that killed 4,000 in Alberta
Borealis Gallery opens new exhibit called 'In Flew Enza: The Spanish Flu Comes to Alberta'
One hundred years ago, a devastating flu swept into Alberta and killed more than 4,000 people.
The Spanish flu confounded doctors with its lightning-fast progression, and the fact that it most affected adults aged 20 to 45.
A new exhibit at the Borealis Gallery in Edmonton, "In Flew Enza: the Spanish Flu Comes to Alberta," sheds light on this bleak period of the province's history, and explores some of the repercussions.
"It was huge and it was one of the first truly global pandemics," said Barbara Hilden, exhibits co-ordinator at the gallery. "There was the Black Death and there were Russian flus, but they were fairly isolated, because this was the first one that had international travel. It had trains that worked and soldiers moving around."
In fact, it was rail travel that brought the virus to Alberta.
The Spanish flu arrived in the province at 3 a.m. on Oct. 2, 1918, when a dozen soldiers were evacuated from a cross-country troop train in Calgary, said Hilden.
It would have arrived inevitably. And Alberta had seen it coming, first in Europe, then in Eastern Canada, and in Toronto and Winnipeg.
Second wave was catastrophic
The disease hit the province in three waves. The first, in the spring of 1918, was relatively mild. But over the summer of 1918 the virus mutated, and the second wave was catastrophic; between September and December that wave killed 90 per cent of the people who died from the Spanish flu.
"One of the really unusual things about the virus is that it often presented with its first symptoms and people were dead within 24 hours," said Hilden.
Some died from the flu itself, others from complications afterward.
"The weird thing about this virus is that it was so aggressive that it — we think, anyway — overstimulated people's immune systems, so their bodies went into hyperactive defence and killed healthy tissues as well as the virus. Especially in lungs."
The third wave began in the spring of 1919, Hilden said, and was also fairly mild. It coincided with soldiers coming back from the First World War.
The Spanish flu confounded doctors, who several times thought they were close to a cure. But it ultimately took 87 years to sequence the characteristics of the H1N1 gene.
Entire industries shut down
The virus had immediate and long-lasting impacts. There were a great number of orphans, and entire industries were shut down due to a lack of workers. Telephone operators were called away from their work to be nurses and caregivers, interrupting phone service to rural Albertan communities and rendering them isolated.
The exhibit runs until January at the Borealis Gallery in the legislative assembly visitor centre, 9820 107th St.
It's estimated that the flu killed up to 100 million people worldwide, including 50,000 in Canada.
"It's a little bit of a mystery as to why we don't talk more about it," Hilden said. "My guess as a curator and as a researcher is that it's not a good news story. It's not something people really wanted to remember. Whereas when you talk about war deaths, you have valour and patriotism and fraternity.
"There's some glory in dying for your country; there's no glory in dying of the flu." | <urn:uuid:334188ef-f95f-4439-b528-ba7358dd126a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/new-spanish-flu-exhibit-opens-at-borealis-gallery-1.4873128 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.988524 | 731 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Source Publication (e.g., journal title)
Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports
Advancements in veterinary medicine have resulted in an increased number of geriatric horses being presented for medical or surgical procedures that require general anesthesia. Due to the physiological changes associated with aging and the likelihood of concurrent disease conditions, the geriatric equine is at an increased risk during anesthesia. The main physiological changes associated with aging, and their impact on anesthesia, are discussed in this review.
Seddighi, Reza DVM, MS, PhD, Dip ACVA, cVMA, "Anesthesia of the geriatric equine" (2012). Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Large Animal Clinical Sciences. | <urn:uuid:c1bd732a-a5b0-4787-9a25-14ce5d256149> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_largpubs/31/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.881568 | 179 | 2.125 | 2 |
Those who are not comfortable with the command line can use the graphical user interface in Linux Mint 20.2, latest or previous versions to create users’ accounts and add them in particular groups. Here we show the steps on how to set up a new account in Linux Mint.
Steps to Create a User Account in Linux Mint and it in Groups
Open Users and Groups in Linux Mint
Step 1: Go to the Linux Mint Start menu and search for Users and Groups.
Step 2: When you see the “Users and Groups” option in the right-hand column select it to open. Enter your administrator password to move further.
Add New User
Step 3: After that click on the “Add” button to create a new user on Linux Mint.
Set Account Type
Step 4: Enter the full name and the desired Username. If you need Admin users, then change the “Account type”, which is “Standard” in the basic setting to Administrator.
Once done, click on “Add,” you set up the user account under.
Set User password in Linux Mint
Step 5: Select the new user in the list on the left. Then click “No password set” to set the password. The password should be at least eight digits long. Enter the password twice and confirm it by hitting the “Change” button.
Add User to Groups (optional)
If you want to add your newly created user to some group so that it could have the access to folders and files available only under that particular group. For example- Apache group.
Click your own user group given on the right side and select the ones in which you want to add your users from the pop-up. Then hit the Ok button.
Add Profile Image (optional)
If you also want to customize the photo associated with this Linux user account, click on the placeholder image. Then select one of the symbols offered. If, on the other hand, you want to use a graphic file, click on “Browse for Pictures” at the very bottom. Go to the folder where the file is saved and select the picture you want. | <urn:uuid:1b58f16d-f8aa-48c8-a837-5f724c07d500> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.how2shout.com/linux/how-to-create-user-accounts-in-linux-mint-graphically/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.877367 | 455 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Sure, The Grifters is about shams and swindles, switched identities, and an interesting relationship between a boy and his mother, but it’s also about language. The film, which was released 25 years ago this month, is rife with criminal cant, some of which might be older than you think.
“You talk the lingo,” short con grifter Roy says to Myra, and so do we. Here are 11 swindling slang terms from The Grifters, and the stories behind them.
1. ON THE GRIFT
“You're on the grift,” Lilly says to her son Roy. “I know you are.”
According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the U.S. criminal slang term grift originated in the early 1900s. It may be an alteration of graft, which is from 1865 and refers to obtaining profit in a shady way.
So where does this meaning of graft come from? There are a couple of theories. One is that it’s from the 1850s British slang term graft, meaning “one’s occupation” (which ultimately comes from graft, meaning ditch or moat). Another theory is that it’s related to the word graft that means a twig or off-shoot that lives by sucking the life off another.
2. ON THE SQUARE
The opposite of on the grift is on the square. For example, Roy is pretending to be on the square by working as a salesman.
Square, meaning “old-fashioned,” is from 1940s American jazz slang, and might come from the shape a band conductor’s hands make in a four-beat rhythm. The 18th-century word square-toes has a similar meaning; it refers to what was thought to be old-fashioned square-toed men’s shoes.
The phrase on the square has an even older meaning. Starting from about 1670, according to the OED, on or upon the square meant in a fair or honest manner, without trickery, especially in playing or gaming.
“You’re one to talk,” Roy says to Lilly. “Still running playback money for the mob.”
The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English defines playback as “a scheme by which the odds on a particular horse race are engineered lower by heavy betting on that horse.” However, its reference is the novel The Grifters—so whether playback is a legitimate gambling term or if it was coined by Grifters author Jim Thompson is unclear.
4. THE RACKETS
On the other hand, the rackets—which Lilly tells Roy he was never cut out for—has been in documented use since at least 1819. At that time, the phrase was used in British English to mean a scam, and came into American English with the same meaning around 1869. It was in the 1920s that the rackets was used to refer to organized crime in general.
So how did the word racket come to be associated with lawlessness? One possibility is that it was came from racquet in a gaming sense and the idea of using strategy and sometimes trickery to win.
“You send me $10,000,” says angry boss Bobo to Lilly, “like I'm some mark you can blow off!”
Mark meaning someone targeted for robbery or easily duped is older than you might think. In the late 16th century, the word had gained the meaning among criminals as someone or something targeted for burglary. By the mid-1700s, a mark was someone specifically targeted for a swindle or scam.
In the 1930s, mark also became part of carny cant, and referred to a non-carny, a customer, or a member of the public.
While the film seems to use frammis to mean a unscrupulous scheme (specifically, an insurance frammis involving a towel full of oranges), the word originated around 1940 in comic strips as a generic surname or company name. From a 1944 New Republic article: “[The comic strip ‘Silly Milly’] has its pet vocabulary—all names are Frammis, laughter is Yuk Yuk, and the language of animals is Coo.”
By the mid-1940s, frammis also meant jargon of confusion, and by the late 1940s, it was a word similar to thingy, gizmo, or whatchamacallit.
7. THE TAT
Myra realizes her boyfriend Roy is on the grift when she witnesses him “working the tat” on some sailors.
Tat, meaning loaded or false dice, is quite old—it dates from the 1680s. Tat-monger, a con man who uses such dice, is from around the same time. However, where the word tat comes from is unclear. Tattoo, meaning permanent ink on the skin, didn't come about until around the 1770s. And while a military meaning of tattoo (a beat of a drum or bugle call to end an evening) predates tat by about 40 years, the connection is unclear.
One possible origin is a 1607 meaning of tat, “to touch lightly,” perhaps with the idea of carefully touching the loaded dice.
8. and 9. THE SHORT CON AND THE LONG END
Working the tat is a short con, or a one-time scam that takes the mark for the money they happen to have on hand. Con here is a shortening of confidence trick, in which a dupe hands over valuables as a token of confidence or trust in a con man (or woman, as the case may be).
Opposed to the short con is the long end, also known as the big con, the long con, and the long game. The long end is more complex than the short con and can take months or even years.
“I'm the roper,” Myra tells Roy. “I go out and find them and bring them in.”
According to the OED, this sense of roper originated around 1840 and referred to someone charged with bringing customers into a gambling establishment and later into any scam. This probably came from the earlier meaning of someone who catches an animal with a lasso, especially at a rodeo.
11. INSIDE MAN
Since, as Roy astutely points out, nobody does a long con single-o, Myra needs a partner—an inside man. While the roper brings in the mark, the inside man stays near the “big store,” or sham operation. This 1930s term could also mean a spy posing as an employee within a company. | <urn:uuid:5ff9ca93-7884-4a9e-8089-ac804f50e9c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/72057/11-swindling-slang-terms-grifters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.972571 | 1,451 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Now showing items 1-4 of 4
Modeling Perception of Spectral Profile Changes
In this thesis, we explore how the human auditory system represents and detects changes in a spectral profile. First, using profile analysis methods, we measure listeners' sensitivities to changes in spectral peak shapes ...
Representation of Spectral Profiles in the Auditory System, II: Detection of Spectral Peak Shape Changes
Based on the ripple analysis model outlined in Part I of this paper, predictions are made for the detection of shape changes in spectral peak profiles. Peak shape is uniquely described in terms of two parameters: bandwidth ...
Representation of Spectral Profiles in the Auditory System Part II: A Ripple Analysis Model
Based on experimental results presented in [Vranic-Sowers and Shamma, 1993], and on further physiological and psychoacoustical evidence, it is argued that the auditory system analyzes a spectral profile along two largely ...
Representation of Spectral Profiles in the Auditory System, I: A Ripple Analysis Model
A model of profile analysis is proposed in which a spectral profile is assumed to be represented by a weighted sum of sinusoidally modulated spectra (ripples). The analysis is performed by a bank of bandpass filters, each ... | <urn:uuid:1797d605-2fec-4ec3-8824-4cd0eb7f7ba9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/4376/discover?filtertype_0=subject&filtertype_1=subject&filter_relational_operator_1=equals&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_1=Signal+Processing+Systems&filter_0=speech+processing&filtertype=author&filter_relational_operator=equals&filter=Vranic-Sowers%2C+S. | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.88891 | 277 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Island Life: Photographs from the Martin Parr Foundation
Opening 18 May 2021
Bristol Museum & Art Gallery
Bristol Photo Festival
Island Life draws upon photographs from the Martin Parr Foundation collection to show the changing fabric of our cities, society and collective identities. Focusing on post-war from the UK and Ireland, the exhibition will bring together images by over 60 photographers including Khali Ackford, Pogus Caesar, Elaine Constantine, Sian Davey, Chris Killip, David Hurn, Ken Grant, Karen Knorr, Markéta Luskačová, Graham Smith and Tom Wood. Collectively the images form a compelling study of national behaviour.
The exhibition includes photographs which document moments of historical significance including the poll tax riot, the Aberfan mine disaster and most recently, the BLM movement. Island Life traces the evolution of documentary photography in Britain, the photographers who influenced Parr and the younger generation he is influencing in turn.
The exhibition at Bristol Museum & Art Gallery is part of Bristol Photo Festival—a new biennial festival with a year-round programme of commissions, collaborations, and exhibitions by both local and international artists. Full details can be found on the Bristol Photo Festival website.
Punks featured in Landscape Stories: Psychotic Reactions / / Beyond Music
From 1976 to 1977, Karen Knorr and Olivier Richon documented the London punk scene revolving around the Roxy in Covent Garden and the Global Village in Charing Cross. The first prints from their Punks series were originally presented at The Photographers’ Gallery in 1978, and featured many years later, in 2012, at Tate Britain in the retrospective titled Another London. These photographs are currently featured online in Landscape Stories #33: Psychotic Reactions / / Beyond Music. | <urn:uuid:ace98033-d7f4-49eb-95a3-6e521e1dfd24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://karenknorr.com/bristol-photo-festival-opening-18-may-and-punk-features-in-landscape-stories/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.896843 | 367 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Table of Contents
- Low-Code/No-Code Solutions Primer
- Report Methodology
- Decision Criteria Analysis
- Evaluation Metrics
- Key Criteria: Impact Analysis
- Analyst’s Take
- About Michael Delzer
- About Jon Collins
Low code and no code describe the latest generation of meta-language, GUI-driven development tools, which enable applications to be built visually, without in-depth technical knowledge of programming or integration. Evolving from PaaS and middleware platforms, these tools help developers deliver cloud-scale capabilities fast, without having to worry about the complex array of online services, data sources, and platforms on which they depend.
These tools can meet the needs of both office-facing and more technical areas, such as IoT and robotic process automation, and can integrate with a wide variety of underlying tools—via API, for example—to construct applications and workflows simply and quickly. More advanced tools recognize the challenges of application delivery, building in capabilities like version control and quality management.
The products in this space range from low-cost tools with limited functionality to complex and costly solutions that require professional developers to maintain. Some tools aim to solve internal business problems on mobile devices, while others can scale to handle volumes of public content, commerce, and integration across multiple platforms and disparate content.
The solutions include those that work only in the public cloud as well as those that support both public and private (or on-premise) environments. The smaller the IT staff supporting the business problem, the more valuable the cloud solutions become. Using professional development staff to rapidly build and maintain an application is ideal, but when solutions are built and maintained by business users, low- and no-code tools can be a big help. Over the coming years, some no-code solutions will be able to take on more of the use cases and complexities of the low-code solutions.
With a few exceptions, the vendors of low-code and no-code platforms act as a kind of outsourcing resource. They take on the commodity functions and services and maintain them, freeing internal staff to focus on what provides a company’s unique business value. This is critical, particularly in terms of service level agreements because whereas an outage of many hours may be acceptable for internal business cases, a higher level of uptime may be required for critical external business functions.
Low-code and no-code tools are evolving in a dynamic environment, so their capabilities are maturing quickly, with time-to-business value being crucial to their success. Solutions today are increasingly reliant on AI, even as they put the customer in the driver’s seat, providing a springboard to future innovation, success, and support for business transformation.
How to Read this Report
This GigaOm report is one of a series of documents that helps IT organizations assess competing solutions in the context of well-defined features and criteria. For a fuller understanding consider reviewing the following reports:
Key Criteria report: A detailed market sector analysis that assesses the impact that key product features and criteria have on top-line solution characteristics—such as scalability, performance, and TCO—that drive purchase decisions.
GigaOm Radar report: A forward-looking analysis that plots the relative value and progression of vendor solutions along multiple axes based on strategy and execution. The Radar report includes a breakdown of each vendor’s offering in the sector.
Vendor Profile: An in-depth vendor analysis that builds on the framework developed in the Key Criteria and Radar reports to assess a company’s engagement within a technology sector. This analysis includes forward-looking guidance around both strategy and product. | <urn:uuid:5d5f274a-416c-425f-a43b-e1e0c31f8bee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://research.gigaom.com/report/key-criteria-for-evaluating-low-code-no-code-solutions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.921002 | 760 | 2.09375 | 2 |
As many as six million British households could face blackouts this winter in case of a gas shortage, per a Sky News report citing government modeling of energy fundamentals next heating season.
The blackouts fall under a worst-case scenario with gas supply shortages, which would also involve limits being placed on industrial gas consumption, the report noted. The blackouts would be the result of gas supply rationing to gas-fired power plants.
The energy crunch that began last September has led to a major cost-of-living crisis in the UK, leaving the government scrambling to find a solution while electricity bills soar and are about to soar even more this October.
To protect consumers from excessively high prices, the UK authorities have installed an energy price cap. However, this price cap was raised substantially this spring to reflect the price context of the energy market. This automatically pushed higher the bills for several million households by 54 percent.
Now, bills are about to rise by another 42 percent when, rather than if, the energy market regulator raises the energy price cap in October. The cap is now at $2,461 (1,971 British pounds) a year, but is likely to rise in October to $3,496 (2,800 British pounds) a year, Ofgem's chief executive officer Jonathan Brearley said earlier this month.
The cost of living crisis "is going to get truly horrific" in October, when the twice-yearly-adjusted price cap is set to spike again, Keith Anderson, chief executive at one of the largest providers, ScottishPower, told a Parliament committee last month.
"We are seeing an uptick now, but it will get worse—a lot worse—without any further intervention, come October," Chris O'Shea, CEO at British Gas owner Centrica, told the same committee.
A spokesperson for the Department of Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy said, as quoted by Sky News, that the UK "has no issues with either gas or electricity supply, and the government is fully prepared for any scenario, even those that are extreme and very unlikely to pass."
"Thanks to a massive £90bn investment in renewable energy in the last decade, we have one of the most reliable and diverse energy systems in the world, and unlike Europe, we are not dependent on Russian energy imports," the spokesperson also said.
By Irina Slav for Oilprice.com
More Top Reads From Oilprice.com:
- Middle East Producers Move To Cut Prices As Extreme Backwardation Eases
- Could Iraq Dethrone Saudi Arabia As Largest Oil Producer?
- Private Equity Is Back With A Bang In Oil & Gas | <urn:uuid:8cef0f63-7260-4618-8630-2c7e4f10ab4a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Blackouts-Looming-Over-Millions-Of-British-Households.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.956302 | 547 | 2.40625 | 2 |
In the face of administrative harassment, the Dotyk festival of queer history took place in Minsk, Belarus, from 6 to 8 April 2018. After six months of planning, at the last minute landlords withdrew access to venues and the organisers scrambled to find substitute premises for the grand opening, conference, and concert. At a café in central Minsk, the Dotyk festival opened in the presence of official representatives of the British and Swedish embassies who expressed their strong support for the Festival and the Belarus LGBT community.
International participants spoke about aspects of the historical research on the queer histories of Soviet Estonia (Uku Lember, Sweden); Soviet Latvia (Janis Ozolins, and Ineta Lipša, Latvia); and Soviet Russia/USSR (Uladzimir Valodzin, Minsk; Galina Zelenina, St Petersburg; Arthur Clech, Paris). From Russia, editor Pavel Golubev presented the second volume of his edited diary of Silver Age artist Konstantin Somov; and book collector Pavel Chepyzhov spoke about collecting Russian-language books with LGBT content from the pre-revolutionary era.
The festival also included a training workshop for local community members on LGBT safety and security, and the presentation of a unique album of LGBT Belarusian culture produced by MAKE OUT, the Minsk community organisation. A copy of the album has been donated to the Bodleian Library at Oxford.
Healey gave a keynote lecture entitled ‘Archive of Freedom or “Gay Propaganda”? Re-reading the Siberian Gay and Lesbian Press of the 1990s’. The research for this lecture drew on the digitised holdings of LGBT media of the 1990s, held in the Moscow Archive of Lesbians and Gays (ALG). The founder of ALG, Elena Gusiatinskaia, and the activist and singer Olga Krauze, presented a panel in conversation with Oxford History DPhil student Ira Roldugina, on gay and lesbian activism in the 1980s and 1990s in Russia.
A nightclub party had to be curtailed when the owners, under pressure from various ministries, cancelling Dotyk’s agreement. (For a statement about the circumstances from Dotyk, see http://en.dotyk.by/official-statement-of-the-iv-international-queer-history-festival-dotyk-2018/)
Nevertheless there was a cultural programme! Dotyk opened with a queer walking tour of Minsk, led by members of the local LGBT community. The festival concluded with a concert of poetry and original songs sung by Krauze in a virtuoso demonstration of the classic bard style of the 1980s-1990s. | <urn:uuid:80f7d207-359a-40be-8dc9-c7f63bd397bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.area-studies.ox.ac.uk/article/dan-healey-speaks-at-dotyk-international-queer-history-festival-minsk-belarus | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.911886 | 556 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Up to $250,000 to be available for No Child Left Inside in grants in Minnesota
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources is pleased to announce another phase of the extremely popular No Child Left Inside grants. These grants help more children cast a line, study animal tracks, hike or bike, or simply learn more about nature.
“We continue to have high interest in our outreach grant program,” said Jeff Ledermann, DNR education and skills team supervisor. “Children in many communities don’t have the resources or opportunities to spend quality time outdoors. These grants help boost outdoor programs and initiatives all around the state and especially in communities with limited opportunities to connect with nature.”
Public entities and nonprofit organizations serving youth under age 18 can apply for these No Child Left Inside grants. The minimum funding request is $5,000, with a maximum request of $25,000. Applications for the current funding phase must be received by 2 p.m. on Thursday, March 10.
Projects will be selected using a competitive review process and awards will distributed on a geographically balanced, statewide basis. Funding can be used for outdoor recreation equipment, transportation, and related natural resource education expenses.
“We will have approximately $250,000 available in this phase, about $100,000 of which we anticipate granting for fishing and hunting-focused programs,” Ledermann said. “The competitive selection process will give preference to projects that propose new and innovative ways to impact new, diverse, underrepresented and underserved audiences who have limited outdoor opportunities.”
The DNR will host an informational webinar at 3:30 p.m. on Thursday, Feb. 17, to review grant requirements, the application process and to answer questions. Attendees must pre-register using the registration link on the “Who should apply for No Child Left Inside grants” page of the DNR’s website (mndnr.gov/no-child-grants/who-should-apply.html). The webinar will be recorded and posted on the website for those who are unable to attend.
The 2019 Minnesota Legislature authorized the No Child Left Inside Grant program. The program has supported 59 mini grants, which have reached more than 12,000 children, and dozens of larger grants. The 2021 Minnesota Legislature appropriated $900,000 from the state’s General Fund and the Heritage Enhancement Account of the Game and Fish Fund to continue this work. Additional phases will be announced later this year and in early 2023 to distribute the remaining funds available under this appropriation.
For more information about the grant program, instructions for how to apply, and a link to the application or informational webinar registration, visit the No Child Left Inside grants page of the DNR website (www.mndnr.gov/no-child-grants). Questions about these grants or the application process should be emailed to [email protected] with “Grant Questions” in the subject line. People may also call 888-646-6367.
The DNR extends its thanks to the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection for the use of the “No Child Left Inside” name. | <urn:uuid:744be13f-b9c7-4491-a57c-851a9eeac66a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nymdispatch.com/2022/02/08/dnr-grants-help-children-begin-a-lifetime-of-outdoor-experiences/?login=required | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.914743 | 664 | 1.976563 | 2 |
'Just go attack it:' Jaguars' Chad Muma tells kids with Type 1 diabetes life's goals are attainable
Muma was diagnosed with T1D at the age of 13 and is now one of two NFL players managing the disease
- More than 1.6 million Americans live with Type 1 diabetes, 200,000 under age of 20
- Muma and Baltimore Ravens tight end Mark Andrews are the only two NFL players with T1D
- Diabetes affects 12.5 percent of Florida population, above national average of 11.3 percent
An unusual activity regularly took place nine years ago at the Cimarron Middle School lunchroom in Parker, Colorado.
It involved a needle, and was called, "let's give Chad his shot."
Each day, friends of Chad Muma, who was diagnosed at the age of 13 with Type 1 diabetes (T1D), would take turns giving him his daily injection of insulin.
It served two purposes: it was another coping mechanism for Muma after receiving the stunning news that he had T1D, and it helped ward off the feeling of isolation that many adolescents experience when they find out they have a disease that currently affects one in 400 under the age of 20 in the U.S.
Muma, who was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the third round of the 2022 NFL Draft out of Wyoming, first invited his friends at school to watch him give himself the shots.
Eventually, he taught some of them how to do it, and soon, friends were taking turns giving him his jabs.
"I made a game of it," said the Jaguars rookie linebacker. “I think once they saw me give myself shots and when I invited them to try, they realized there wasn’t any kind of stigma about Type 1."
How could anyone think that after watching the 6-foor-3, 242-pound Muma rampage through Mountain West offenses, earning two all-conference honors and making third-team All-American last year after finishing second in the nation with 142 tackles?
Muma is already drawing rave reviews from Jaguars coaches — and from officials with the Jacksonville office of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.
Just one week after rookie mini-camp on May 21, Muma came to the JDRF's "One Walk" on the University of North Florida campus. He spoke to around 1,500 children with T1D and their families and joined their walk, which was held for the first time since 2019 because of the COVID-19 pandemic and raised more than $300,000.
Brooks Biagini, the Jacksonville marketing director for the Northern Florida JDRF, said her phone "blew up" shortly after Muma's name was called in the draft. Jaguars fans on the JDRF board read stories about Muma online and called her with the same message: an opportunity was there to showcase Muma, who joins Baltimore Ravens tight end Mark Andrews as the only NFL players with T1D.
"We've had a great relationship with the Jaguars, so we contacted them and Chad came out to our walk," she said. "He was fantastic. Seeing him get up there and talk to the kids and families and offer himself as an example of how he battled Type 1 and was living a healthy life and living his dreams was an inspiration to everyone."
Muma said the message is simple: T1D doesn't define your life.
"It was awesome getting out there and telling my story to the kids and their families," said Muma. "It was huge for me, voicing that message, meeting them, talking with them, doing the walk ... it was really special. I want any kid to know that T1 doesn't have to hinder their dreams. Whatever goals they have, sports or other walks of life, just go attack it."
T1D was in Muma's family
It all started in 2013.
Chad Muma was one frightened 13-year-old boy.
He was sitting in a doctor's office at the Barbara Davis Center for Juvenile Diabetes near his home in Denver, waiting to find out why he had been kept from eating for 24 hours, then poked with needles while having blood drawn during a battery of tests.
The numbers didn't lie: his blood sugar was 550. The normal figure is 75-to-150. The tests confirmed that his pancreas wasn't producing enough insulin, which keeps blood sugar under control.
The diagnosis was Type 1 diabetes, which, at the time, was diagnosed in more than 18,000 children in the U.S. per year and now affects more than 200,000.
"It definitely was scary," Muma said. "I remember it like it was yesterday."
His father, Ty Muma, a principal at Black Forest Hills Elementary School in Aurora, Colorado, said there are two family members with T1D and one, Chad's cousin, died at the age of 19 due to complications.
"We've dealt with this in our family," he said. "But you're never ready to hear this kind of news."
However, fear gave way to Chad Muma seeing Type 1 diabetes as another challenge to be overcome, no different than making the football, baseball and basketball teams he had been on, earning starting roles, then leading his teams to victories and championships.
"He had a lot of questions, mostly what will this look like for sports," Ty Muma said. "We sat down as a family and figured out a game plan that really empowered him to understand that it was a little adversity, but nothing he couldn't handle. He could still do great things."
And after the initial shock wore off, Muma went straight for his computer. He Googled athletes who had T1D and then felt a bit better when a name jumped out from the screen: Jay Cutler, who a few years earlier had played quarterback for Muma's beloved Denver Broncos.
"Just being able to see one guy who was playing in the NFL with Type 1 was a huge motivation," Muma said.
Excessive thirst was a signal
The warning signs were typical of T1D. Muma began drinking water excessively, unable to slake his thirst. He was up numerous times during the night to use the bathroom. His parents, Ty and Kara, noticed he was falling asleep during the day.
Then, when he was at a friend's house for a sleepover, his friend's father noticed that young Chad had downed an entire gallon of milk. The concerned parent called Ty Muma and after he told his wife, she connected the dots.
His initial fears were twofold: fear of not being able to live out his dreams of playing college football but also fear of being set apart from his friends, perhaps one of the worst nightmares for any adolescent.
"I wasn't sure if I could continue to play sports," he said. "It was always a goal of mine to play college football and I wasn't sure if that was a possibility. But it was also a fear of being different. How are my friends going to react to me?"
Biagini said it's a common reaction for children who are diagnosed with T1D, especially those in their teen years.
"They feel alone and they feel that they won't fit in anymore," she said. "It's completely normal and it's something we stress to family and friends, that they don't have to be treated any differently."
He found out that the only differences involved lifestyle. Muma could no longer eat what he wanted when he wanted. He said the toughest thing he had to give up was soda but he also had to stop before he ate anything and know the carbohydrate count, even if it was just half a sandwich.
But he was an athlete and athletes rise to the occasion. Muma said he tackled T1D as if it were part of a disciplined routine, not unlike training and weightlifting.
"I saw it as a challenge," he said. "But it's a challenge you have to stay on top of and manage. I realized I had to grasp this and deal with it if I wanted to have the life I had always dreamed about."
Aside from diet, the other big changes to his life were the insulin pump and daily injections. Most kids don't like shots and blood tests. Initially, Muma's mother administered the injections with an insulin pen and other members of the family were taught how to do it.
Eventually, Muma got up the courage to begin giving himself the shots.
Then he began to involve his middle school classmates.
His father said it was part of how Chad dealt with the disease: taking it head-on, with no self-pity.
"From the get-go with his mindset, there were no tears, no feeling sorry for himself," Ty Muma said. "His whole attitude was, 'it's okay ... let's attack this. What do I need to do? He's really self-driven and self-motivated."
A growing health crisis
According to figures supplied by the CDC and the JDRF, around 1.6 million Americans are living with Type 1 diabetes. Those figures are expected to triple by 2050 unless medical advances and lifestyle changes are made.
Doctors say they need more help from their patients. Less than one-third of the people in the U.S. with T1D are consistently achieving target blood glucose levels.
Those with Type 1 diabetes can't process glucose for energy when their body has stopped making insulin. When the pancreas doesn't make insulin, glucose stays in the blood, driving up the high blood sugar.
Medical science still isn't sure why people get T1D, other than some hereditary factors. It also has been linked to diet, past viral infections, weight and having genes that make the predisposed.
T1D is not preventable and can happen at any age.
Biagini said Nemours Children's Health treats between 1,500-to-2,000 children per year.
The JDRF raised more than $425 million in 2021. But the 37.3 million Americans suffering from all forms of diabetes (11.3 percent of the population) resulted in estimated healthcare costs of $327 billion (according to figures in 2017), an increase of 26 percent over 2012.
Florida has a higher rate than the national average with 12.5 percent of the population living with diabetes of some type.
Muma's dreams stay alive
Muma went to Legend High School and became a star on the football team, playing safety and linebacker. As a senior, despite missing half his team's games with a knee injury, he had 77 tackles, eight for losses, and was second-team all-state.
His college decision was pretty easy. His father and maternal grandfather had played football for Wyoming, so he headed for Laramie.
Cowboys linebacker coach Aaron Bohl said Muma and his family were open about his T1D and it never affected their recruitment.
"They were very transparent, very upfront about it," he said. "And Chad handled it so well we never had to worry too much about him staying on top of his blood sugar levels and his diet."
Wyoming had to make some concessions. Muma would need to eat some high-sugar foods such as fruit or candy during practice and games, and trainers learned how to take his blood sugar count.
It helped that Cowboys running backs coach Gordie Haug had T1D and helped educate the staff.
"We all figured it out pretty fast," Bohl said. "The trainers knew how to prick the finger, check his blood sugar and have the snacks he needed between series."
After spending his freshman season on special teams in 2018 (where he played with Jaguar safety Andrew Wingard), Muma had 51 tackles in 2019. In an abbreviated 2020 season, he was second in the Mountain West and sixth in the nation with 11.8 tackles per game and last season led the conference and was second in the nation with 142 tackles, along with three interceptions.
"We knew he would be a special player," Bohl said. "Physically, he was one of the most explosive athletes we've seen here in a while and his discipline is unmatched, just how he goes about every day with a desire to get better. But he had to do stuff when he was 13 years old, taking care of his body and his health, that people don't have to do as adults, and I think that translated into how focused he is about everything else. And he's so smart, extremely intelligent."
Muma also began to connect with kids who have T1D, such as Camp Hope, on Casper Mountain in Wyoming.
Bohl also said Muma has a humanity about him that surfaces under any situation.
Two days before Wyoming's pro day, Bohl was hosting the Cowboys' linebackers for dinner at his house. An elderly neighbor knocked on his door and asked if he would help her move some furniture.
"Now Chad has pro day coming up," Bohl said. "It's his biggest job interview yet. But he went next door and moved the lady's furniture for 90 minutes. He didn't think about pro day. He just thought about helping someone."
Muma loves Jaguars' scheme
Muma has been working through OTAs at inside linebacker and special teams and coach Doug Pederson said he's absorbing how to play in the NFL at a fast pace.
"He's versatile, can run ... a young player who’s picking up the defense," Pederson said.
Training camp and full contact will tell a bigger story.
"It will come down to when you put the pads on in training camp and just see the physicality with these guys," Pederson said. "But he’s doing a really nice job, he’s a smart kid, a lot of energy every day, doing well.”
Muma said he's having a blast so far.
"Every day I'm enjoying being out and living in the moment," he said. "I'm continuing to work and be better than the day before. I love this scheme. It's rip and run, get downhill and play fast. I'm learning a lot from [defending coordinator] Mike Caldwell, and the main thing is that I can always do something better. The NFL is way different from college."
Muma also looks forward to keeping his relationship with the local chapter of the JDRF and interacting more with children living with T1D.
His example is "powerful," Biagini said.
"It brought up so many emotions from the kids and their families," she said. "Seeing someone who is dealing with the same health challenges they are who is an NFL linebacker gives them the confidence to go out in the world and fulfill their dreams. The kids here in Jacksonville have someone to look up to now. He's going to be a tremendous role model. I think this is going to be a game-changer for us to have Chad with the Jaguars."
Bohl said Muma has faced life on his own terms.
"He's a great example that circumstances don't dictate your outcome," he said.
Need information on diabetes? Contact the Northern Florida chapter of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Fund at [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:c0bd917d-607d-47d1-ad11-a569fdc7a23d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jacksonville.com/story/sports/nfl/2022/06/10/jacksonville-jaguars-lb-chad-muma-shares-his-type-1-diabetes-story-kids/7478718001/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.990251 | 3,189 | 1.710938 | 2 |
There is a pattern of behavior common to some of the people I have encountered on the internet who identify with the Spiral Dynamics Stage Blue mentality. I will refer to the people who exhibit this behavior a Blue Wolf. This pattern of behavior is as follows. When a Blue Wolf encounters a non-Blue (say an Orange or Green), the Blue Wolf will feel this person out. If this person is not immediately hostile and willing to hear the Blue position in a respectful manner, the Blue Wolf will at first appear to be very charitable and hospitable to the non-Blue. But, if after a brief period of time the non-Blue continues to disagree with or questions too much the Blue world view, the Blue Wolf becomes angry and aggressive. This switch happens suddenly and the suddenness of this switch suggests the anger and aggression existed from the start but was merely masked by the initial show of friendliness. Perhaps the Blue Wolf thinks he can persuade the non-Blue to his philosophy through friendliness. Perhaps the Blue Wolf legitimately believes himself to be a good, moral person but is easily triggered by the “enemies” who do not share his beliefs.
The Blue Wolf’s Ego Identifies With Being Blue
It is important to note that the Blue Wolf behavior is not displayed by all of those who identify with Stage Blue. Many Blues will simply cease to engage with the non-Blue once it is clear they cannot see eye to eye. A few Blues will patiently continue to explain their beliefs kindly and politely. It seems that these Blue Wolves are perhaps less self-aware or have their egos so identified with their Blueness that any challenge to it is experienced as a mortal threat. Blue Wolves tend not to want their motivations or psychology examined. One Blue Wolf told me he rejected the entire science of psychology as a liberal invention (which is a good way to never become self-aware in my estimation). But of course, being self-aware is not a Blue priority.
To a Blue, the priority is dedication to a higher power and not to self-actualization. To a Blue there is…
[a] single guiding force [that] controls the world and determine[s] our destiny… Abiding Truth provides structure and order for all aspects of living here on Earth and rules the heavens as, well… [A Blue will] willingly sacrifice [his] desires in the present in the sure knowledge that [he] look[s] forward to something wonderful in the future. (1)
This makes the hostile stance of the Blue Wolf understandable. For anything that conflicts with their believed Truth is per se un-Truth. With that in mind, however, it is interesting to note that some Blues will react to challenges to their Truth in less threatened manners than others. Again, I attribute this different reaction to the degree of ego identification a particular Blue has with his Blue world view.
The Blue Wolf ‘s True Motive is to Argue With and Shame His Enemies
I encountered another Blue Wolf in the comment section of my last post “The Spiral Dynamics of a Christmas Carol“. I recognized this commentor as a reader of the Blue blog, the Orthospehere. True to the Blue Wolf form, this commentor adopted the persona of one who did not know anything about Spiral Dynamics and honestly wanted to understand it. His questions, which began as friendly, quickly turned adversarial when I did not accept his counter arguments to the answers I gave him. He then accused me of not following the proper rules of logic and debate. This is a typical Blue Wolf tactic I have observed. That is, a Blue Wolf will dismiss a non-Blue person and his point of view if the non-Blue violates a rule of logical debate even if the exchange is a casual one in a comment section and not entered into as a formal debate. This has the dual intended effect of allowing the Blue Wolf to exit the exchange seemingly in possession of the moral high ground while at the same time humiliating his interlocutor. Guilt and shame are the primary means by which a Blue enforces his social order. (2).
The Blue Wolf Cloaks His Motives in Logic and Objective Truth
I have observed Blue Wolves will often try to humiliate their non-Blue interlocutors while masking this intention in morality and truth. One Blue Wolf who is (I have heard) now deceased, took the position that the non-Blues who disagreed with him “lacked the capacity” to understand his arguments. This same person and his ilk would cry ad-hominem if a similar claim were made of them. However, when he questioned a person’s intelligence he claimed to be not doing so in order to undermine his interlocutor’s position but rather to describe the truth of the situation. In this way he could (hypocritically) avoid the appearance of committing the ad-hominem fallacy to the like-minded readers of his blog who would readily agree with his position.
I ended up deleting most of the argument from the thread in my previous blog post. I know this is considered to be bad form for the moderator of a comment section. People (Blue Wolves especially I suspect) like to see the documentation of their comment section arguments. Perhaps they feel that a piece of them has been removed when their arguments are edited. In my defense, I did not feel like we were debating. It seemed as if he was asking questions about Spiral Dynamics and I was answering them to the best of my ability. I certainly do not claim to be an expert on the subject. I only claim to have an interest and am blogging about it as I learn more about it. For this reason, I am not interested in documenting any supposed debate a particular Blue Wolf believes we are having.
Post Script: There is a great example of a Blue Wolf interaction in the comment section to this blog post. It is interesting how this Blue Wolf accuses me of being intellectually dishonest for deleting his argumentative comments in the previous blog post when he was (in my estimation) being intellectually dishonest by pretending to want to know more about the Spiral Dynamics model when in fact he only wanted to debunk it. Of course he only bases his debunking attempt on reading my blog posts and I never claimed to be an expert on the subject. Nor did I claim to want to debate it even though he chooses to frame the interaction in that manner. I could not have scripted the interaction better if I tried. I un-deleted his comments in the previous post in order to document the nature of his comments because it is relevant to this post.
(1) Beck, Edward and Cowan, Christopher, Spiral Dynamics: Mastering Values, Leadership, and Change, Blackwell Publishing, 1996, pg 229.
(2) Ibid, pg 232. | <urn:uuid:4f7b1708-cef9-478c-8860-e64e1558f1f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://winstonscrooge.wordpress.com/2018/12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.969282 | 1,397 | 1.6875 | 2 |
The Director General of the OIV, Jean-Marie Aurand, presented information on the potential wine production, assessment of the harvest, and state of the market and international trade in 2017 at the Organisation's headquarters in Paris on 24 April.
With 7.6 mha in 2017, the size of the global area under vines appears to have stabilised.
Wine production was at 250 mhl in 2017. This was a historically low production year, with a decline of 8.6% compared with the previous year, explained in particular by unfavourable climate conditions within the EU (-14.6% compared with 2016).
A total of 243 mhl of wines were consumed in 2017. Consumption had almost stabilised following the 2008 economic crisis, with a positive trend over the past 3 years.
World wine trade: there was a very positive balance, both in terms of volume (108 mhl, +3.4% compared with 2016) and value (30bn EUR, +4.8% compared with 2016). | <urn:uuid:069e1086-08d9-45f3-be86-1adb3a487a29> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oiv.int/en/oiv-life/global-state-of-conditions-report-developments-and-trends-april-2018 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959091 | 209 | 1.703125 | 2 |
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