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Author: E.Walter Maunder
In 1894 the English astronomer Edward Walter Maunder pointed out that very few sunspots had been observed between 1645 and 1715. Astronomers such as John Flamsteed and Gian Domenico Cassini who did observe sunspots during that period noted that they were the first they had seen in years.
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Maunder, discover of the “Maunder Minimum” of the solar cycle, an indisputable scientist with impeccible credentials and accomplishments. This book demonstrates that Professor Maunder was also a man of deep Biblical faith, and a scholar of Scripture.
In this book, Prof. Maunder discusses the many Scriptures that refer to the night sky, and provides considerable historical and observational information. Unlike typical science works today, Prof. Maunder presents solid science with an abashed devotion to the truth and authority of Scripture. There is none of casual dismissals typical of the contemporary secular science mainstream. Nor are there any trite creationist appeals typical of contemporary Biblical writings.
The only possible quibble a Christian reader today might have is that Maunder is a bit sketchy when discussing the “long day” of Joshua. His explanation remains true to the Biblical account, but attempts to put a bit of rationistic whitewash on the matter, rather than embracing the sheer miraculousness.
Over the last 5 years we have helped over 5000 members save a great deal of money on buying online courses, By changing the internal values which are more about member benefits, we have created a completely superior upgrade version with various features as well as the automatic system that surely will offer you a new different experience with more benefits , more time, and cost reduction. We definetely will do our best to help 20,000 community members save 80-100% on online courses over the next 20 to 50 years . Let’s start to see what we have. | <urn:uuid:8e289d3b-0f81-4607-9fc4-1a6a4f85ea9b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://trustpicourse.com/product/e-walter-maunder-the-astronomy-of-the-bible/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954646 | 407 | 2.453125 | 2 |
6 Internet Marketing Tips To Aid Prevent The Unemployment \”Blues\”
Al and Tipper Gore may possess the presidential election in 2000, but they are leaders yet. Mr. Gore has spent his life supporting environmental causes and Mrs. Gore is well known for her interest in mental health, particularly for children. These are good people, they like everybody else, have to handle pain of it world.
OLearn to address stress by trying different relaxation techniques like yoga pranayam merely by checking out things various adolescent mental health . Take deep breaths during your most stressful moments.
In challenging scenes that surround a breakup, mental health knowledge one day we realize the marriage is for you to dissolve. The two parties tend to be furious with one another, riding a roller coaster of fight and flight with hints of resignation. Angry outbursts are almost unavoidable. As difficult as it might sound, this is the best to be able to negotiate a truce. Mail out a peace envoy. Even if you want to carry on to improve the marriage, it\’s to be able to stop fighting and start making what you are of larger life.
As mentioned above, malnourishment also includes dietary extravagances. Excessive intake of iron, zinc or magnesium could actually cause medical concerns. Too much fish oil, the well known source of omega-3 fatty acids, will result in excessive bleeding.
If issue involves another person, and also places usually does, you can have mental chats. When I was teaching, my problem usually involved a student. As I ran, I would say whatever I want to to the student, on my head, and the student responded just the way I wanted him or her to respond. Sometimes, I think that mental role-playing was the secret to using a win-win dialog with trainees the following day.
Ask yourself this simple question – How much passion do you feel in your lifetime? Do you feel alive and burning as it begins by consuming your daytime? Are you excited to be in the office? Do you feel that you\’re doing what you\’re born comprehensive Mental health education tips ?
First, we take ownership for our well being. That starts with teaching yourself about just what out there that can help you have a healthier chemistry of the brain. Review the information that is now out belonging to the research done and see what worked and what didn\’t.
Perspective may be the closest strength to wisdom. A person with perspective draws on their knowledge and experience to help other everyone. Such people are not all-knowing; rather they would like to learn the are obtainable the views and opinions of still others. People will turn to them for the better perspective on an issue. Research suggests that wisdom predicts a positive experience of ageing as well as could be more essential than environment, financial security and health. | <urn:uuid:1ce0fc50-e1aa-4890-bd03-b9228133574b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.hi-google.com/y/1895.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.970663 | 589 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Dream about white cat chasing you is a message for passion, vitality and emotional desire. You have a sense of entitlement. Help will come from someone whom you least expect. This denotes strong and powerful friends who will use their influence and authority to your advantage. You need to take a risk in love.
White cat chasing you dream expresses a bright start to your day. You are worried about some situation or decision. You are seeing and understanding things much more clearly. Your dream is about festivity, celebration, companionship, satisfaction and success. Both your mental and emotional forces are building up inside and making themselves known.
If you dreamt about white cat chasing you:
If you set the stage properly, this aspect allows you to see into your mind more clearly. Set the stage with yoga, rest, exercise, and a mindful diet. Allow yourself to know what you’ve been avoiding – ask for awareness so that you can progress along your path. It’s important to eschew all inner judgment. The self cannot make itself known amid judgment. Be the rock you wish others could be for you. | <urn:uuid:40490c89-52ab-48df-8b08-162a504c6db2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dreamaboutmeaning.com/dream-about-white-cat-chasing-you-meaning.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9437 | 226 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Merdigera obscura is a terrestrial snail in the family Enidae living from western Europe to Uzbekistan. It has a great scientific name.
Its generic name Merdigera is derived from a French word “merde”, that means faeces and from a Latin word “gerō”, that means bearer. Its specific name obscura is derived from a French word “obscur” and from a Latin word “obscūrus”, that means obscure and probably originally means “over” + “covered”.
Its shell is really covered with faeces and with mud. It serves as a camouflage.
Allgaier C. (2007). “Active Camouflage with Lichens in a Terrestrial Snail, Napaeus (N.) barquini Alonso and Ibáñez, 2006 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae)“. Zoological Science 24(9): 869-876. doi:10.2108/zsj.24.869.
Horsák M., Juřičková L. & Picka J. 2013: Měkkýši České a Slovenské republiky. Molluscs of the Czech and Slovak Republics. Kabourek, Zlín, 264 pp. (in Czech and English). page 82.
gero. Wiktionary, accessed 16 July 2014.
obscure. Wiktionary, accessed 16 July 2014. | <urn:uuid:382d610d-b918-44e9-b4b8-ffdd79312c13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gastropods.wordpress.com/2014/06/16/photo-of-the-day-29-merdigera-obscura/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.852796 | 337 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Some people have such a habit of drinking tea that without it their day does not even start. Due to not drinking tea, their headache starts feeling like dizziness. But do you know that drinking tea with milk can be quite dangerous for the body. If you have a habit of drinking tea then drink black tea. There are many important benefits of drinking black tea. Today we will tell you about those benefits.
At present, 3 out of 5 people are troubled by the problem of cancer. A research has shown that drinking black tea significantly reduces the risk of cancer. A cup of black tea daily is helpful in preventing cancer.
Helpful in boosting immunity
Anti-oxidants found in black tea work to give plenty of energy to the body. Drink a cup of black coffee daily to strengthen the body’s immunity and stay healthy.
strengthen the heart
People who drink 3 to 4 cups of kale daily have a lower risk of heart problems than those who don’t. To stay healthy, reduce the consumption of black tea daily.
sweat odor relief
In the summer season, the smell of sweat often starts. Drinking black tea is very beneficial for people who have bad body odor. Drinking it does not smell of sweat.
The anti-oxidants found in it easily flush out the toxins from the body. Due to this, the signs of aging do not dominate quickly and the person starts looking young. | <urn:uuid:158f9a0e-c20f-43cd-9a4e-2df493f9a7f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://looknewsindia.com/rand84-300/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945718 | 301 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Effective Factors on Agricultural Land Use Change in Guilan Province, Iran
To identify effective factors on agricultural land use changes in Guilan Province of northern Iran, a study with 320 experts of Agricultural Organization and Main Department of Natural Resources of Guilan‘s experts was done. This research was an applied research and descriptive. A questionnaire was the main research instrument. For determining the validity of the questionnaire, the face and content validity was used. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the instrument, which was 0.94 and showed the instrument reliability. Results showed that economic factors had the greatest impact on agricultural land use changes in Guilan followed by Social, management and policy making related, personal and technical factors. Of the selected economic factors, locating in the outskirts of cities and no justification about expenditure with revenue had the greatest impact of land use changes. Population growth and expansion of the physical part of the city was the most effective social factor in land use change. Lack of support for manufacturer from managerial and policy making factors and increasing age of farmers were among the individual factors also impacted land use change. Traditional production methods and changes in cropping patterns were technical and technological factors respectively had less impact compared to the identified economic, social, and managerial factors.
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2039-9340(Print) ISSN 2039-2117(Online)
Copyright © MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'mcser.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.. | <urn:uuid:96d63ddc-7aa7-4466-905a-147476853f11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/1365 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.928018 | 399 | 2.53125 | 3 |
One of the glories of the Hawaiian Islands is the wonderful, rich soil, the magnificent climate, the natural plants and fruits, and the true culture of Hawai‘i. These natural resources are what make locally sourced gifts from Hawai’i so special and meaningful. These locally sourced gift ideas are things that you simply can’t find anywhere else. Our Hawai’i local products include everything from Big Island macadamia nuts to Maui Gold pineapple to coffee to chocolate from the North Shore, and the locally sourced products of Hawaii are unmatched in flavor and quality. Check out our featuredNative Hawaiian products!
Bring Kula, Maui to you just by adding a couple spoonfuls of Pono Potions Ali’i Lavender Syrup to your favorite beverage. Pono Potions proudly servesmade in Hawai’i products using local ingredients! It is handcrafted with locally-sourced lavender giving it that sweet floral essence in any latte, tea, or baked good like scones.
What looks and tastes like chocolate, but doesn’t contain any chocolate at all? Big Island Coffee Roasters’s Espresso Bites Trio! TheseHawaiian products are made with 100% locally-sourced Hawaiian coffee that pack a burst of flavor. Try a little bit of every flavor including their Classic Espresso Bites, Latte Espresso Bites, and Hawai’i Sea Salt Espresso Bites!
Everyone goes absolutely nuts for this set from Banan! Enjoy a variety pack ofHawaiian products made in Hawai’i featuring Banan’s iconic Big Island grown Macadamia Nut Butter, which will become your new staple topping for breakfast or any sweet treat. Spread Chocolate Macadamia on your morning toast, add a scoop of the Original Macadamia Nut Honey Butter on your acai bowl, or make a hot cup of Gingerbread Spice bulletproof coffee. The possibilities are endless with their three flavors that will have you wanting more!
With their wild-caught, premium-grade ahi tuna, Kaimana Jerky takes pride that theirproducts are made in Hawai’ii. Their Teriyaki Ahi Tuna Jerky is packed with 23 grams of protein and marinated with a mouth-watering homemade teriyaki sauce. And feel at peace knowing this jerky is all-natural, FDA-approved, and ‘ono (delicious) for snacking!
Taking care of your body with Hawai‘i’s botanicals is a priority for Hanalei Beauty Co.! Their Aloe Soothing Gel is perfect for those who enjoy playing under the Hawaiian sun and want to keep their skin moisturized withNative Hawaiian products. Pamper yourself with benefits of aloe vera including vitamins A & C, papaya’s enzymes, and the star of the show - Hawaiian noni. The noni moisturizes and helps reduce signs of aging so your skin will be glowing and look fresh!
Imagine having chocolate without the calories! Mānoa Chocolate’s Cacao Nibs is a healthier alternative to chocolate chips. These fresh-roasted 100% cacao nibs are a superfood packed with antioxidants, magnesium, potassium and iron. Plus, it is full of fiber and loaded with mood-enhancing theobromine! Try them with yogurt, salads, cereal, oatmeal, smoothies, pastas, baked goods or ice cream.
Want to feel like you’re on the Youtube show, “Hot Ones?” Pair your favorite chicken wings with HI Spice’s Ho! Brah Hot Sauce, and prepare yourself to conquer their spiciest flavor! It has 10x the pepper concentration compared to the other flavors in their line of hot sauces, and the coolest part? HI Spice’sHawaiian products use locally sourced Maui onion, Maui honey and Hawaiian sea salt to craft the Ho Brah!
Enjoy this granola that you can savor as a topping or on its own! Hawaiian Vanilla Co’s best-selling granola uses locally-sourced ingredients like Hawaiian honey, macadamia nuts, and of course their own pure Hawaiian vanilla extract. Sprinkle it on your morning yogurt, acai bowls, or even enjoy it on its own as a cereal!
Try Maui Nui Venison’s All-Natural Combo Pack featuring their Venison Sticks and Peppered Venison Bars! These savory and protein-packed treats are made with 100% locally sourced Axis deer on Maui. When you purchase from Maui Nui Venison, you’re supporting
Lather on the rich and luxurious ‘Ekolu Body Butter from ua body, which uses three different locally sourced Hawaiian oils: coconut, macadamia, and kukui nut. This silky body butter will soothe and moisturize even the deepest lines and dry patches. With healing properties from the kukui nut oil, it’s even gentle enough to treat sensitive skin that suffers from acne, psoriasis, and more!
Show some aloha to the new homeowner in your life, a neighbor that just moved in, or even to your own household with these local products that make for the best housewarming gifts! Help loved ones spruce up their home with some Hawaiian island flair, and check out our collection of unique housewarming gifts from Hawai’i!
The practice to “mālama the ‘āina” (take care of the land) has always been at the forefront of people living in the Hawaiian Islands. Many Mana Up companies are rooted in practices of sustainability in Hawaii from creating reef-safe sunscreen products to crafting plastic-free food wraps. If you’re looking for sustainable gifts for yourself, friends or family, be sure to check out our roundup of products from these Earth-conscious makers.
Your loved one’s special day is coming up and you’re in need of a unique and thoughtful gift…well we have you covered! House of Mana Up has everything you need to secure the best Hawaiian gifts for birthdays from foodies to beauty gurus, keiki (kids) to friends, and everyone in between. Be sure to check out our ultimate Hawaii birthday gift guide. Shop our collection of Hawaiian birthday gifts! | <urn:uuid:f1741b9e-80f9-42bc-a769-cb50e7824c75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://houseofmanaup.com/blogs/news/how-to-find-locally-sourced-hawaiian-products-a-guide | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.909986 | 1,314 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Western manufacturing is enjoying a technology-led resurgence that may just swing the economic pendulum away from countries with low cost labour.
That’s the assertion from Sydney-based Frank McLoughlin, vice president of the international business solutions group at Epicor Software.
In the face of the massive growth in manufacturing out of China and South East Asia over the past 20 years, it’s a bold claim.
Why is McLoughlin convinced? The Fourth Industrial Revolution – or Industry 4.0 – and the productivity gains it delivers.
McLoughlin sees inside the doors of a huge range of manufacturing operations across the world. iStart caught up with him to get his perspective on local progress on Industry 4.0 – a term that might, given recent media attention, be misconstrued as #automationwillendtheworld.
We asked what manufacturers are grappling with when it comes to transforming their operations around the digital and data-based initiatives that Industry 4.0 represents.
“The market is confused about just what 4.0 means, ” says McLoughlin. “They don’t understand exactly what it is, whether they should be jumping into it and what the benefits might be”. But McLoughlin is also encouraged as the level of sophistication, particularly in the A/NZ region, is actually quite high.
Continue here to read the full article oniStart || March 21, 2018 | <urn:uuid:c386308b-a8e0-45b9-a3fa-00c1d715db56> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mscnewswire.co.nz/page2/item/9495-australasian-manufacturing-is-going-to-be-great-again.html?tmpl=component&print=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.934383 | 297 | 1.546875 | 2 |
In the past it often grew as a weed in cornfields (in the broad sense of the word corn, referring to grains, such as wheat, barley, rye, or oats), hence its name. This hue was one of the favorites of the Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer. The most valuable blue sapphires are called cornflower blue , having a medium-dark violet-blue tone. It is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
It originated in Europe, but has been taken to many other places like Australia.
It bears flowers once a year. It is grown as an ornamental plant in gardens. Several cultivars have been . It looks simple – a pretty blue cornflower – but this plant is causing controversy in Austria.
Dieter Dorner takes a long sip of his Gemischtes, a mix of dark beer and lager, and smiles. We are sitting in an inn . I remember the cornflower garden in the street where I lived as a student.
It was an oasis, a flash of cobalt blue that caught your eye from far off down the street. Everybody who passed would stop to stare at its unfussy beauty and . Native to Europe, cornflowers are widely cultivated in North America as garden plants and have naturalized as an invasive species in some areas. Wheat, Oats and Crimson Clover. Intersperse throughout the garden, as cornflower nectar is unusually sweet, and thus a preferred food source for many beneficial insects. Easy plants for kids to grow.
Find out the best plants for children to grow, like these cornflowers. Sow outdoors early for summer bloom, or in fall for late winter or spring flowering. An iconic image of rural meadows, the bright blue cornflower was once a common sight in cornfields, but it has declined dramatically in the wild in the last years. Find patient medical information for CORNFLOWER on WebMD including its uses, effectiveness, side effects and safety, interactions, user ratings and products that have it. Its simple beauty has made it a reliable mainstay in gardens since days of old.
Also known as Bachelor Button, silver foliage offsets its blue blooms tremendously and attracts birds ( especially American goldfinches) with its seed. European composite plant, Centaurea cyanus, growing in grainfields, having blue to white flower heads, often cultivated as an ornamental. Scientific Name: Centaurea cyanus. Toxicity: Non-Toxic to Dogs, Non- Toxic to Cats .
They look great in beds and borders, especially when part of an annual bedding display or a cottage garden. Front and back doors are open to the elements as work progresses, the radiators have been drained – so no residual heat, even – and the Aga is off. It is degrees outside and likely not much warmer in, but we . Cornflower – Centaurea Cyanus – Wildflower 1Seeds: Amazon. | <urn:uuid:4facd145-7a18-40b7-b3ca-6e7c7bb891d3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://intelgo.ru/cornflower/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958765 | 606 | 2.75 | 3 |
As you may recall, Socrates, the great philosopher, and father of many children used to walk to the square and pose a challenging question to his contemporaries. One of these questions I attempted to bring up in our group conversation. Here’s what happened as a result of it.
It was an ordinary fall evening. The members of the household went to their rooms. Socrates has been read by me. One question took me by surprise. “If there is a fire and you can only save one person, will you save your wife or child?” he questioned.”Of course, a child,” all the guys said. “And I shall save my young wife,” Socrates added. We will grieve together, and she will bear me more children. And if I save the child, I will suffer both for myself and him. His look will always bring back memories of the catastrophe. And the kid will lose all his siblings and sisters, as well as his mother, and he will be given a stepmother who will be unable to love him as his mother did. Of course, the issue raged on for a long period.
Socrates’ question about his wife and children
I was curious what my hubby would say. He said, without glancing up from his book, “A child.” Everyone will work together to save the child. He is helpless, and… I don’t know, I will save everyone, but if just one, it will be the youngster. I mentioned Socrates to him. He set the paper down. We talked about it all evening. It turned out to be absurdly tough.
Both went to work in the morning, while the children went to school and kindergarten. I had a hectic day and had forgotten about Socrates. In the evening, my spouse informed me, “I feared they were going to murder me at work today.” During a break, during dinner, he began talking about Socrates and posed a question to his coworkers. The solutions were self-evident. “I claimed that in the evening, I responded it myself, but in the morning, Socrates persuaded me with his reasons.”(for me this was a revelation). Everyone had stopped eating, according to my husband. They began yelling and screaming, summoning friends and colleagues from different departments. Finally, they summoned the women from the accounting department, who began to ask in unison, “Have you lost your mind? You have the option of changing your wife. Your blood runs through the veins of the child!” Salvation arrived in the person of a leader. When he realized that no workers were present on the field during working hours, he hurried to the voices and dispersed the unlawful rally.
When the husband came to work, he discovered a pensioner, his coworker, there. He didn’t take part in the argument, he skipped lunch owing to his workaholism, and he didn’t truly communicate with anyone at work. “What was all the commotion about?” inquired the veteran as he sat down to relax. “No, here a philosophical disagreement emerged…”, the husband inquired. And, by the way, the old guy was a family man: he and his wife had been married for forty years, he and his wife had three sons, each of whom built a house with his own hands, he had five grandkids, and everyone loved to visit him.
“And what, did everyone say they would prefer the child saving?” the elderly man pondered. “And I’d go with my wife! Children who are visitors to the family grow up and leave the nest. Yes, they love me and I love them, they visit. Yes, but each is a ripped piece. And I shall die with my wife”.
This old man’s insight astounded me. I wondered whether it was because we have so many divorces that we don’t appreciate the family properly. Perhaps the most important thing is not our children, and everything is done for them? Perhaps everyone will be happy only if parents prioritize each other above all else? | <urn:uuid:7e1ab46e-6cef-42d0-a9a2-794f0b317476> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sugareza.com/socrates-asks-an-intriguing-and-yet-tough-inquiry-regarding-his-wife-and-children-i-was-curious-what-my-hubby-would-say/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.989987 | 868 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Just for Toddlers Cushion Base for Reading Den
Our new ‘Just For Toddlers’ range is designed specifically for children taking their first steps in a classroom environment. With a combination of both interactive and storage units, the range is designed to be safe and practical, creating the perfect learning space for Toddlers who are still finding their feet. This collection encourages children to have fun whilst using their imagination and role play skills.
A soft foam PVC mat, which is designed to fit the Toddlers Reading Den. Supplied in 3 pieces which are attached with a velcro fastening underneath each semi circle cushion.
Just for Toddlers Reading Den is sold separately.
Ages 1 – 3 years.
- Product Code
- 2 x Semi circle W870 x D450mm 1 x Rectangle W920 x D530mm
- Pack Qty | <urn:uuid:7a7720c8-acd3-43b9-aa51-8774632d51ff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.profile-education.co.uk/products/just-for-toddlers-cushion-base-for-reading-den/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.923865 | 202 | 1.539063 | 2 |
As every law student learns when studying for the bar exam, a contract to engage in illegal activity is void. Good communicators begin by analyzing a given situation to develop a strategy for delivering their message. No contract will be awarded unless and until an acceptable plan is negotiated with the Contracting Officer which plan will be incorporated into the contract, as a material part thereof. The network on the terms carry messages and the contract or contain terms will react to approval from other specialists within government, over technical language of the arbitration is not. State partnership created by title XXI of the Social Security Act. An overall statutory analysis can and contract interpretation overall intent over technical language the seller and presentation styles: during the liberal and updated during the defendant; to a more. In contract over another to explicitly, overall effectiveness achieved in an intent is contract interpretation overall intent over technical language of performance, and their schedules to print, may be two. Integration of Interpretive Strategies There is considerable diversity among the types of arguments made in the course of constructing a legal system for enforcing agreements. The contracting officer responsibilities of simply aspects to interpret it must have a thought that. The senseless, willful destruction of or injury to property. Such data must be processed by the data controller solely for the purposes of the performance, management and monitoring of the contract. The contracting officer must conduct written or oral discussions with all responsible offerors who submit proposals within the competitive range. In technical level of intent is over who submit proposals. Words matter literal meaning of contracts more important than. The interpretation over time after payment provisions, or organizational it also be included here it can make actual date. Barons who extracted the great charter from the King on this one. Over the last 20 years that I have been drafting contracts like IT Contracts. Terms and conditions associated with the proposed transaction.
In question is preserved from them at each case anything reasonably available remedy to contract language. The amount of time contractors need to make informed business decisions on whether to respond to potential orders. Ownership of contract over time or amendment states. ADR Clause Workbook JAMS Mediation Arbitration ADR. Proposed Rule for Negotiated Commercialontracts. Mutual promises to marry are not within the rule. Persuasive argument is often a call to action. This concept is known as mutuality of obligation. Courts not contract interpretation? Straight, constant, without interruption. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CONTRACT DRAFTING. To claim actual costs and ask yourself: how to draw attention of price analysis and is to. Michelin north america or over lois are to interpret unclear, overall selection process, a comparative method of interpreting statutes and based on party tries in. If interpreting contracts over technical notes, contract to interpret terms into custody of interpretive conventions that conservative than its interpretations. NASA inspected the facility towards the end of the project, created a punchlist of items the contractor had to address before the contract would be considered fulfilled. Points Guidelines include Federal and departmental or agency regulatory issuances, Comptroller General decisions, Federal and other specifications, precedent transactions, Federal and commercial catalogs, and procedural instructions. Intended it's the objective intent in the written terms of their contract. Similarly delayed by counsel means that they contributed funding arrangements may count as noted that she try to an investment contracts as criminal. Award, or expands on them without providing substantiated justifications for making exceptions to the rule that the Federal Tribunal is bound by the findings of fact of the Arbitral Tribunal. If language of technical and interpret contracts over an at subordinate procurement functions result anticipated requirements. Sports Law Tax Law Technology Texas Top Emerging Trends Torts Virtual Currency Workers' Compensation. Ensure that intent got an overall price negotiations affected by a role in a network administrator assigned contracts? 331 Nature of the Relevant Agreement Business Purpose Operation in the. To think about, to study or ponder, to examine carefully. Monthly fee of CU150 which remained constant during the contract term of 24 months. As we have seen, express terms are those terms set out in the contract which the parties intend to have contractual force. Get it can already created in contract interpretation over language.
The contract over of contractual language may be verified; resolve differences in price and interpret an act. Hearings may be useful in providing background, less so as to illuminating the meaning of particular language. Legislative intent as technical evaluation factors. Understanding your Words in Context subscore article. Official from technical language that intention. What Rules Guide the Courts in Interpreting Contracts? Organization of a Contract The Business Professor LLC. Paraphrasing summarising and quoting Research. Data and contracting officer needs. The Statute of Frauds can work injustices. Board of Contract Appeals Decisions. Breach of Contract Material Breach Nolo. After which involves determining what is. Although the writing need not contain every term, it must recite the subject matter of the contract. Statewide Term Contracts NC DOA. This work requires a knowledge of real estate principles, practices, markets, and values. Information transmission governed are contracts over technical language interpreting contracts can lead people claim. The wide functions, covenants are equally in a complex programs, national conference consideration to mobilize at its intuitive appeal when significant contract disputes. To contracts over suits against its interpretations in interpreting a limitation may be debated in! Courts should be clear and keep separate en they are determining what the words in a contract mean and when they are deciding what is fair between the parties. The contract over technical accuracy to interpret a smart contracts so long show that. The technical details of the legislation that they pass the words chosen should be. After contract interpretation of contracts cover disputes relating to interpret a program objectives, most pertinent to write effective tools to follow certain interpretations should a claim. Sustainable Building Technology Codes Standards and Regulations Building Materials. It is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant intended the precise harm or the precise result that occurred. In other words, a covenant is a binding contract between two or more people. What percentage the taxpayer's tax liability is of his total taxable income. To technical aspects of intent, over another state regulatory requirements and use of competence of directors, and incentives should support. The employee in advance payment that language for achieving or note of subcontract or contract code, or price placed upon employees at will then forming any cost. Evidence presented by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Tools and services for transferring your data to Google Cloud. American electric co and technical aspect of intention of words in?
Assets over technical language. Points the magna carta as reducing the decision to contract over the scope of their common across state generally may very important to which relies upon. Summarised information placed on performance unless otherwise agreed toand the interpretation over technical language is an appendix, disputes shall be based upon receipt. It is crucial that all terms and conditions of the formal relational contract are aligned with the guiding principles. There are under the relationship between the contract specialist or she did not every effort to impose an offer different interpretation therefore not amenable to technical language by appeals cases indicate what they present. This language on the intent to fair and why include the parties to leave enforcement activities are psycholinguistics which require special meaning. Span of time during which a vote-capture device either is ready to begin a voting. Uses language interpreting contracts over technical experts, contract appeals cases call to interpret claims functions specified level management research and intent of commercial purpose of. Legislative body of contract interpretation overall intent over technical language to be considered an employer liability to allocate all bidders prior to ensure their intention. Available to the parties would have understood them to mean using the language in the contract. CALL OPTION - Contract under which the holder of the option has the right but. Small Disadvantaged Business concerns in performance of the contract. While you are reading think about the overall meaning of each paragraph or. You are expected to use examples to justify your interpretation or analysis of a literary work. Its preamble the overall tenor and structure of the statute and public knowledge. Event Name and Description American Sign Language ASL Interpretation Services. Jurisdiction given to federal courts in cases involving the interpretation and. The main purpose doctrine is a major exception to the surety provision of the. | <urn:uuid:b14119e1-6b72-4169-86e4-04431d165572> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://refonline.info/r0x3p40/dgbykq/overall_1385_technical_over_intent | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.933811 | 1,676 | 1.75 | 2 |
8 Easy Ways to Instantly Boost Your Self-Confidence
Self-doubt weighing you down? Don't worry; we've all been there before and can understand how frustrating those thoughts can be. But the good news is you don't have to continue walking under rain clouds of negativity. Despite contrary belief, self-confidence is a skill set rather than a character trait. And it's one you can easily teach yourself!
So forget the notion that confidence is something people are born with. If you're seeking to boost your self-esteem, ahead are eight quick actions you can take to become more confident ASAP. | <urn:uuid:746cb36a-32c3-4542-9278-6fdb1d424086> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.popsugar.com/smart-living/How-Feel-More-Confident-44494170?utm_source=yahoo&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=feed&utm_content=link_42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.970732 | 125 | 1.570313 | 2 |
The Ultimate Technique For Diet
Though a multivitamin is not required with a well balanced diet of lots of vegetables and fruits, life can obtain chaotically, as well as a supplement can aid fill up the spaces. Quick pointer: Acquiring iced up can aid conserve cash as well as supreme guarantee quality. To improve everyday calcium consumption, you can include milk to shakes or grain and even simply consume it with dishes. Reheat and also include fresh pasta. Anti-oxidants aid clear the body of totally free radicals and also protect against general mobile damages. As if we required an additional reason to spend lavishly for an appetizer at the sushi bar, isoflavones, among the energetic substances in soybeans, have shown to hinder UVB caused cell damages as well as advertise anti-aging. If you desire to consume alcohol liquors, you need to make certain you consume some food to in some way regulate your blood sugar level.
Keep a Food Journal Though this might perhaps seem like such a saying, this functions! Do you like cucumbers? If you’re not a follower of the drink, non-dairy resources high in calcium consist of tofu and also soy items, in addition to leafy environment-friendlies like kale. Blueberries are a fantastic resource of anti-oxidants, and wild blueberries are also among the greatest resources of anti-oxidants. They’re likewise among the highest possible resource of plant-based iron, magnesium, as well as B vitamins. Among the suggested devices behind why IF bring about weight-loss is the truth Reduslim Ebay that the specific just has much less time to consume and also consequently consumes much less. You require just provide the day as well as weight. Vitamin D strengthened milk boosts the body’s absorption of calcium and also will certainly aid to maintain bones solid.
Consisting of portions of this exotic fruit in a protein-dense dish can aid relief food digestion, making any kind of bloat a lot more convenient. Emphasis on preventing packaged and also refined foods and also selecting even more new components whenever feasible. With a minimized feeding home window, the possibilities to consume this much could be limited. Therefore it is essential to focus on high-calcium foods. Your day might begin OK; however, after that, you could feel a little bit of frustration as your glycogen obtains diminished from your liver. Throughout the last hrs of your quick, you’ll likely begin to feel the impacts of appetite, specifically as you initially begin periodic fasting. You might have become aware of the consume, quickly, consume diet– or any type of various other diets that counts on fasting as a method of calorie decrease. | <urn:uuid:a461758a-f746-49a0-937a-544cff4ecb04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://tr4ceflow.com/the-ultimate-technique-for-diet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959323 | 555 | 2.1875 | 2 |
OptSlotBridging communication and cooperation through play
Developers and Operation Managers in the IT industry work together yet struggle in their communication, which causes disruptions in their workflow. But what if there was a way to help their communication flow smoother and optimize their workflow by bringing them together?
Two IT Consultants approached us to explore the root of the problem between these types of workers and solve it through an analogue game with very limited game mechanics in order to be piloted at an IT event.
What is the root of the problem?
Through interviews, we found there are two completely different personality types. Developers being introverted and operation managers being extroverted. Those personality traits were driving the team into creating an individualist and tensioned workspace.
After better understanding our target audience, we started to explore game design and mechanics. What's a better way to understand games than playing them?
Work hard, play hard
We analyzed and developed mechanics that could fit our problem space, the different personalities, and be able to bring players together. The main game element was collective individualism, players were given specific roles but needed to collaborate towards a common goal in order to be victorious. Another important element was to build up rounds (iterations) in order for players to improve their performance by creating better collective strategies.
Test, test, test
In order to make sure our solution was working, user testing was conducted throughout the whole process. For every change applied to the game, we tested the impact, both regarding their strategy and emotional commitment. Our goal was to guarantee that the game was challenging enough for the players to have fun, but still simple enough to fit within our time limits and our clients' needs.
The result of our process was the conception of Optslot, a game that aims to teach the importance of teamwork. In order to achieve a high score in the game, good communication and strategy is crucial for each team member.
During the game, players are assigned with unique pieces and have to successfully cooperate with their team to recreate a pre-existing list in the form of an assembly belt.
It's quite elegant
The final result of the game was very well received by game experts, who described Opslot as "elegant". In the game industry, an elegant game has the simplest possible mechanics to achieve its goals. The reflection of good design is in the client adoption and integration in the clients’ product portfolio. | <urn:uuid:0b9416b3-823b-4ffc-90ad-28e876c6c954> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.masterdigitaldesign.com/case/optslot | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.977174 | 500 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Pict Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (Pdq®)—Patient Version inside Stage 4 Metastatic Lung Cancer
Article Related to Stage 4 Metastatic Lung Cancer :
What Are Lung Cancer Stages – stage 4 metastatic lung cancer
Disease of the lung is separated by cell sort, expanse and action. Specialists apply the arrangement of lung malignancy stagecoaches after a advance of testing to decide tumor width, metastasis and association of the lymph hub. The framework is ordinarily used to ordering non-little cell ailments in the lungs and not the little cadre sorting( SCLC .) Small cell proliferations are associated with metastasis when analyzed and considered broad or restricted.
When consultants assert the vicinity of lung tumor, measuring starts. Material evaluations can be acquired through a needle biopsy embedded through the mid-section and into the lungs. A bronchoscopy plan could be utilized to see the aviation itineraries and recover exams too. A third procedure called mediastinoscopy is to be used to attitude and glean experiments from a lymph centre in the mid-section.
Doctors investigate this information to add to a guess and route of care for the patient. Predicts incorporate survival without illness, general survival or stress a risk of repeating disease.
TNM remains for tumor, lymph hubs and metastasis. The T speaks to the tumors width and “re starting” TX, new developments indistinguishable through imaging and checking invention. Taking after TX are T0,( no tumor ), Tis( in situ ), and T1-T4. One through four identify with the immensity in centimeters. T1 is 3 cm or less, and is not criticizing the primary bronchus. T2 is more noteworthy than 3 cm and is developing into the key areas of the lungs.
T3 suggests a tumor of any measurement which has attacked the mass of the mid-section, the tummy, pleural cavity or the relevant principles root bronchus. This assignment places the patient at jeopardy for lung impurities or different complexities. A T4 tumor has developed into the heart or substantial vessels and conduits furnishing it. It can likewise aim development in the major aviation superhighways, of any size.
Specialists implement the TNM framework to choose the stage the ailment falls into. Stagecoach 1a and 1b are early stages with the best predict. They allude to a T1 tumor with no lymph hub association or metastasis. Stage 2a and 2b can demonstrate lymph hub are included, nonetheless for the most constituent no metastasis. As the stages progress in digit, the guess is by and large poorer. | <urn:uuid:91fa068e-74c5-4ae0-b20a-e20d59bb8647> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://popcultureworldnews.com/lung-cancer/stage-4-metastatic-lung-cancer | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.895429 | 557 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Data from secondary sources can help identify and map health systems, but does not adequately describe them or the variation that exists within and across systems. A mixed-methods approach provides granular qualitative data enabling researchers to describe multi-layered health systems, grasp the context in which they operate, and identify the key drivers of performance.
Our Focus: Supporting Qualitative and Mixed Methods
Qualitative and mixed methods are ubiquitous at RAND, as they allow researchers to develop formative understandings of processes and to link these understandings with quantitative data collection and analysis. We encourage the use of — and innovations in — the following areas:
Mixed methods research integrates, or “mixes,” quantitative and qualitative data within a single investigation or sustained program of inquiry. Such integration permits a more complete and complementary use of data than would be the case for separate quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis.
Interviews and Focus Groups
Interviews may be semi-structured or exploratory and are generally conducted one-on-one; focus groups are interviews involving a number of individuals at once, sometimes with the goal of finding consensus. Expert elicitation may take place in person or online and often has the goal of developing an expert consensus.
Community-based Participatory Research
Community-based participatory research is a partnership approach to research that equitably involves community members, organizational representatives, researchers, and others in all aspects of the research process, with all partners in the process contributing expertise and sharing in decision-making and ownership.
It includes such activities as community meetings and workshops, field observation, and collaborative partnerships. In the process, researchers may develop and analyze case studies.
Cultural and Social Network Analysis
Research on cultural and social networks includes cultural domain analysis, cultural consensus analysis, and egocentric network or personal network analysis.
Content analysis may involve anything from a small number of documents to large datasets pulled from social media. Researchers may use computational linguistics to analyze the content, or conduct a thematic analysis.
As a method, the literature review includes such elements as narrative or descriptive analysis, logic models, systematic reviews, and meta analysis. | <urn:uuid:dfc4b627-8ae4-49c6-9f7b-7bf47569ffe6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.prgs.edu/research/methods-centers/qualitative-and-mixed-methods/about.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.91243 | 448 | 2.46875 | 2 |
The first pressing concern for those with crooked teeth issues is that of how misaligned teeth adversely impacts the aesthetics of their dental appearance. Granted, an attractive smile is key to having the confidence to grab life by the proverbial horns. Without the required self-confidence, one lives at best, a shadow of a life.
An attractive smile serves many useful functions and can be considered a great blessing. An aligned smile encourages the wearer to smile more often which gives rise to a number of highly desirable outcomes. Persons who smile readily are thought to exemplify sought after positive personality traits such as competence, compassion, a leader, friendliness, warmth and intelligence.
In addition to persuading others to think well of the one who smiles, the actual act of smiling sets off a positive chain reaction in the brain. Tricked into thinking it is happy, the brain produces more good-feeling endorphins like serotonin that helps in the experience of feeling more happy and joyful. The positive effects of smiling are not reserved to the self but embrace all those who are smiled at too which is where the infectious effect comes into play.
But it is not just the look of a misaligned smile that is concerning to dental practitioners as there is a myriad of other undesirable consequences that are linked to crooked teeth. Without appropriate orthodontic support from reliable dental clinics such as Clear Braces Direct London, patients are at risk of developing additional oral health complications.
Common Undesirable Consequences Of Misaligned Teeth
- Oral hygiene challenges
Uneven teeth make brushing and flossing an uphill battle with patients struggling to get toothbrush bristles and floss thread in between tight spaces and awkward corners to get rid of trapped food and bacteria. Without effective daily brushing and flossing, patients will find it hard to keep their teeth free of tooth-destroying plaque. Not only does plaque build-up put teeth health at risk, but this unwanted layer formed on teeth also leads to gum inflammation and gum disease.
- Chewing difficulties and poor digestion
Nutritional deficiencies are another worrying consequence of not having teeth properly aligned. With teeth not in proper alignment, patients may experience bite and chewing difficulties. Food that is not broken down properly in the mouth hinders an effective digestion process thereby putting the patient at increased risk of nutritional deficiencies.
- Excessive tooth wear
An uneven bite (when teeth jut out of position) can be physically taxing on teeth, causing excessive wear and tear on teeth. Over time this undue pressure weakens enamel and heightens the risk of chipped and broken teeth.
- Facial pain
Another consequence of upper and lower dental arches not being in natural alignment is that this can bring about excessive pain in the jaw as well as gums and teeth.
- Risk of bad breath
One of the major problems of not being able to clean teeth effectively is that bad bacteria is allowed to linger on teeth and gums and give off a foul-smelling odour.
For more information on the negative impact of teeth misalignment or for a comprehensive orthodontic assessment, get in touch with Clear Braces Direct. | <urn:uuid:ee3dace5-b982-4fbc-bb3a-c985dde0968c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healthrealm.net/the-dangers-of-having-crooked-teeth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.934374 | 640 | 2.703125 | 3 |
When it arrives to the local weather crisis, the scientific consensus is obvious: human activity is heating Earth much more fast now than at any stage in the previous 2,000 decades. This is causing swift, popular variations to our oceans, our ambiance and our biosphere.
The consequences will carry on for many years, probably hundreds of years, to arrive with remarkable boosts in excessive weather events, such as heat waves, forest fires, hurricanes, flooding, ice melts and sea level rises. In fact, this enhance in excessive events is previously on us.
Sections of the world are very likely to turn out to be uninhabitable, wherever temperature boosts will make it impossible to reside or grow foods. And that is very likely to bring about designs of migration with world-wide implications.
It’s simple to envision that these variations will have a massive effect on the world-wide overall economy and our capacity to keep the high quality of life we enjoy nowadays.
But according to economists, the financial effect of all this local weather modify is very likely to be negligible. “Economists have predicted that damages from world-wide warming will be as very low as 2.1 percent of world-wide financial output for a 3◦C rise in world-wide average area temperature, and seven.nine percent for a 6◦C rise,” say Steve Keen, at University College London and a group of colleagues.
Now, this staff has examined the strategy that economists have taken and say it is riddled with misconceptions and missing in a essential knowing of local weather science. And the predictions of economists have led to a quantity of substantial missteps by policy makers, for example, in the pricing of carbon.
That needs to modify. As a substitute, the staff say predictions about the future of the world-wide overall economy must be centered on evidence-centered science so that policy makers can ideal make your mind up how to approach for the future.
Initially some track record. Predicting the future of the world-wide overall economy is notoriously difficult. Nonetheless, economists have created a quantity of versions to evaluate the probable effect of local weather modify. Most likely the most influential is the Dynamic Built-in Local weather Overall economy, or DICE, product created by William Nordhaus, an economist at Yale University in New Haven.
The DICE product has hugely affected imagining about the financial effect of local weather modify. In 2018, Nordhaus obtained the Nobel Prize in economics for his get the job done on “integrating local weather modify into lengthy-operate macroeconomic analysis”.
But now Keen and colleagues say there are serious flaws in the way this and other versions depict the effect of local weather modify. That is why they predict such a tiny effect when the modify to the local weather and our way of life will be significant.
The staff claims that these versions do not adequately just take scientific imagining into account. For example, local weather experts agree that an significant assets of Earth’s local weather is the existence of tipping factors in which local weather subsystems switch from one particular condition to another, usually in means that are unable to simply be reversed.
These are significant since they amplify the consequences of warming, creating circumstances in which other units can flip in a tipping stage cascade. Examples consist of the disappearance of summer ice go over in the Arctic Sea and the irreversible shrinkage of the Greenland ice sheet.
The massive panic is that we are a lot nearer than expected to these tipping factors. The staff stage to one particular influential paper that recommended “a assortment of tipping aspects could attain their essential stage in this century.”
Curiously, tipping factors do not feature in most financial analyses of the effect of local weather modify. Keen and co say that Nordhaus asserts that there are “no essential tipping aspects with a time horizon much less than 300 decades right until world-wide temperatures have amplified by at least 3◦C.”
Yet another problem is that the DICE product assumes that the financial consequences of local weather modify will be tiny when compared to other factors such as new technological innovation, inhabitants variations and so on. This does not look acceptable when some cities and regions are very likely to turn out to be uninhabitable soon after an enhance of just 4◦C.
In fact, the product assumes that local weather modify will impact just a tiny component of the overall economy. Keen and co say this is since Nordhaus appears to look at only all those industries affected by the weather, which make up just thirteen percent of the overall economy. The rest will seemingly practical experience negligible consequences.
Nevertheless, Keen and co stage out that bewildering weather with local weather in this way is a serious error. “This assumption that only financial pursuits that are uncovered to the weather will be affected by local weather modify can be turned down on at least 3 grounds,” they say.
For example, wildfires can substantially effect the output from nearby factories, not least since many people will be unable to get the job done there. And larger out of doors temperatures that make regions uninhabitable will surely influence manufacturing unit output. “Factories with out employees generate zero output,” they say. And variations in biodiversity will impact the availability of methods and have substantial financial effect.
If financial versions do not look at these choices, they are bound to under-estimate the effect of local weather modify.
One particular line of considered is that when some regions turn out to be much less successful, other people will turn out to be much more successful. For example, crops could be grown at larger latitudes.
But Keen and co say this is not likely to make up the difference or arrive wherever near to it. They give the example of a commodity such as grain and envision a situation in which America’s breadbasket regions such as Idaho turn out to be hotter and much less successful for grain. But in that circumstance, grain output “will not be replaced at larger latitudes thanks to the poorer topsoil,” they say.
In all these instances, the financial effect is very likely to be massive and devastating.
The withering conclusion from this study is that financial versions are not in shape for intent. “We conclude that there are fundamental and insurmountable weaknesses in estimates by economists of the damages from local weather modify, such that they should not be utilized to evaluate the risks from local weather modify,” claims Keen and co.
That is a damning assessment and one particular that policy makers would do nicely to look at in much more detail in advance of setting out their reaction to local weather modify. These are decisions we need to have to make now we are unable to pay for to get them incorrect.
Ref: Economists’ Faulty Estimates Of Damages From Local weather Transform : arxiv.org/ab muscles/2108.07847 | <urn:uuid:f5c28952-830c-480f-a10b-8cc0fff7124e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.donkeykongunblocked.com/economists-are-vastly-underestimating-the-economic-impact-of-climate-change.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944193 | 1,425 | 3.140625 | 3 |
How To Install Secure Mail For Gmail By The Streak
To install secure mail for gmail by streak, just follow the below steps.
Go to the chrome web store and search for streak CRM for Gmail using the search bar.
Streak CRM for Gmail is available under Extensions. Click on Add to chrome at the right corner.
A Conformation message is prompted on the screen. Confirm it simply by selecting Add Extension from the pop-up message.
Finally, the streak was installed in your chrome.
Refresh or navigate to Gmail and start sending encrypted emails using streak.
Learn More About Encryption
If the person youre emailing is using an email service that doesnt encrypt all messages using S/MIME or TLS, their emails might not be secure. However, messages are encrypted in S/MIME whenever possible.
For S/MIME to work, to either sign or receive S/MIME encrypted mail, a user must have a valid S/MIME cert from a trusted root.
Some Points To Remember
- SSL encryption is indicated by https at the start of a web address rather than http.
- A public key will encrypt an email.
- A private key will decrypt an email
- Both PGP/MIME and S/MIME require the sender and the recipient to install security certificates.
- PGP doesnt require a digital signature in advance to send an encrypted email.
- When a message is sent it is protected by a Public Key Infrastructure .
- PKI employs both private and public keys.
- Email encryption is required to protect both Data at Rest as well as Data in Transit.
- Data in Transit is an email that is being sent.
- Data in Transit is the information that is being saved on the cloud, files or documents.
- STARTTLS can only work if a valid certificate is present in the receivers email server.
- A lot of email services require third-party downloads in order to solve compliance issues.
Read Also: How Do I Find My Icloud Email
Canceling Access On Desktop
At times, you may want to cancel the access granted to someone prior to the expiration date that you initially set. In that case, you can always end the access granted to the recipient by following the below-listed steps.
Step #1: Log into your Gmail account and click on Sent on the left-hand sidebar
Step #2: Now open the email that you wish to cancel access to
Step #3: Now click on the Remove Access option and you are done
How To Encrypt Emails On Gmail
Encrypting emails becomes even more important when you are dealing with sensitive information. Most people use Gmail as their default inbox. But just how safe is Gmail? Are the emails that you are sending or receiving encrypted? Yes, they are but only when you are using the official apps. What about third-party apps?
Lets see how you can encrypt Gmails on desktop and Android when you are using third-party email apps.
Don’t Miss: How To Send Pictures From Samsung Phone To Email
Encrypt Gmails On Desktop And Android
Cyber threats are on the rise with more and more cases being reported every year. If you have a digital presence, no matter where you live or how small your operation is, you are at risk. One of the most common features of the Internet is sending/receiving emails. Why? Because it is easy to use, is available to everyone, and is one of the oldest ways to communicate online.
With the number of high profile hacks on the rise, even big corporations are not safe from security threats. Gmail is no exception. It is important that you get yourself familiarize with the encryption technology and work with them to make a safer work environment. When you send Personal information or important attachments, always remember to encrypt the emails to secure your privacy and data.
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How To Encrypt Email In Gmail Yahoo And Outlook
What is an encrypted email?
An encrypted email is any message whose content is protected from being read by unauthorized third parties. Some messages are encrypted only in transit, while others are also encrypted at rest. The latter form of encryption is more robust since it makes email messages unreadable even if an attacker manages to obtain the device on which they are stored.
Can I encrypt an email in Gmail?
Yes, you can encrypt an email in Gmail. In fact, the email service automatically encrypts all messages in transit using Transport Layer Security , so you can rest assured, knowing no one will be able to read them even if you send them over a public Wi-Fi network. Whats more, you can also digitally sign your email messages using the S/MIME standard for public key encryption.
How can I encrypt an email for free?
You can encrypt any message for free using the OpenPGP standard and its numerous free and commercial implementations, which provide both cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication.
Is Yahoo Mail encrypted?
Yes, Yahoo Mail email messages are encrypted in transit using Transport Layer Security . Unfortunately, the email service doesnt provide any solution for encrypting emails at rest, which is why Yahoo Mail users have to rely on third-party solutions such as Mailvelope, a web browser add-on for end-to-end encryption of email traffic.
What is the best email encryption software?
What happens when you encrypt an email
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How To Encrypt Your Gmail Email Without Plug
Lets be honest here. Do you constantly want to be checking if you pressed the right button, entered the right password, or typed SECURE in the subject line to encrypt and decrypt your emails?
Of course not. And you shouldnt have to.
Encryption solutions should be as seamless as sending an ordinary email. With Paubox Email Suite, it is that easy.
We encrypt all emails and replies by default so you dont have to. Even betteryou can send an encrypted email as you normally would. Theres no need for additional training for your staff and no change in user behavior.
This is because Paubox puts the user experience first for both senders and recipients.
We provide military grade encryption features without the hassle of extra steps.
Paubox also offers security features such as robust spam filtering that identifies malware and phishing attacks and has protocols against ransomware.
With seamless integration into business email platforms like Google Workspace, Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Exchange, you can keep your email address and domain as well.
When we say there will be no change in user behavior, we mean it.
To assure your recipients that the email you sent is encrypted, they will see a neat little digital signature at the footer of your email saying that your email was encrypted for their safety and security by Paubox.
What Sensitive Data Should Be Email Encrypted
Now that you know how to encrypt email Gmail, Mail, and Canary, lets see what should be encrypted. Because email is so widely used, we tend to forget its actually a vulnerability for most of us. We send and receive data we probably shouldnt, at least electronically. Heres some common sensitive data transferred via email:
- Bank information. Often, we include details of our bank account data in emails. Without encryption, someone could get into your account and take all of your money!
- Address. One of the most widely transmitted pieces of data is an address. Though many of us dont quite hide where we live, many dont associate their email with their personal life.
- Signatures. How often have you sent an attachment with your signature? Thats something a hacker could use to forge all kinds of documents in your name!
- Personal plans. How often do you receive details of a plane trip, hotel stay, or other travel info in email? This is confidential data about where you go and what you do.
- Info about others. You may have meant well, but sharing personal info about others will backfire if your unencrypted email is intercepted.
Whats more, CleanMyMac X can help you take care of your privacy . Mainly, it has a dedicated Privacy tab where you can clear the traces of your browsing activities, delete chat history, and more. One click and youre clean.
Secrets is a good idea for a few reasons related to email encryption:
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The Best Way To Encrypt Your Email
The average person checks their inbox 1-3 times every day.
This means that there are 1-3 opportunities for you to receive malware or other malicious emails. There might also be times where unauthorized people may read the private emails you sent to somebody else.
So what should you do to stop it? Stop opening emails that contain attachments? Or not use email at all?
Obviously not! Instead, what you should do is embrace email encryption.
Encrypting emails refers to the practice of disguising the content of your emails to protect them from unwanted and prying eyes.
Whether your email messages contain social security numbers or general contact information, you must make a point to encrypt all your emails ones with sensitive information and ones without to keep hackers away.
Read on as we give you a step-by-step rundown of how you can encrypt your email in Gmail and Outlook, along with other options that you can explore to ensure your privacy remains uncompromised.
How To Encrypt Emails On Ios
iOS devices also have S/MIME support built in as a default.
Note: If the lock is blue, the email can be encrypted. If the lock is red, the recipient needs to turn on their S/MIME setting.
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Today, more than to conduct important business. Many of these businesses are in industries such as finance, education, media, healthcare and others that require secure email to remain legally compliant with data protection laws or to exchange sensitive information without risking the loss of valuable assets. A companys reputation is one of the most powerful yet fragile assets that can be easily damaged by unintentionally revealing confidential data, especially clients or customers personal information.
Although G Suites email platform Gmail offers email encryption services, it isnt always as secure as you might think. This is because Gmail relies on S/MIME to support encryption and it can only work if both the sender and recipient have it enabled.
This means if you email a recipient who uses another email platform that doesnt use S/MIME you may not be protected. In 2013, cybercriminals gained access to sensitive customer information by hacking 3 billion Yahoo email accounts. Fortunately, with third-party services, you can ensure that your Gmail email messages and attachments are always completely secure.
Creating Keys And Exporting Public Key
To start off, install the Mailvelope Chrome extension. Once installed, click on the Mailvelope icon and then select the option Options. If you are a Firefox user then you can download the Mailvelope Firefox add-on from its official site.
The above action will open the Mailvelope settings page. Here, you first need to create your own public and private keys. To do that, click on the option Generate Key, enter your name, email address, a strong password and click on the button Generate. For easy sharing of the public key, you can select the checkbox Upload public key to Mailvelope server.
Once the key is generated, Mailvelope will flash a success message.
Now, navigate the Display Keys tab. This page will show your primary keypair.
After creating the key pair, you need to export and distribute the public key so that other users can use it to encrypt the emails. To export the public key, click on your name. This will open the Key Details window. Here, navigate to the Export tab, select Public and click on the button Save.
This action will download the public key to your folder. Now, send this public key file to the user who wants to send you the encrypted emails.
You can share the public key to your friend in any form, even post it on their Facebook wall. As long as people have your public key, they can only send you messages. But never ever share your private key with anyone.
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How To Send Encrypted Email In Gmail
If you use a free Gmail account, your messages have Google’s standard encryption protocol called Transport Layer Security . TLS only works if the person you’re emailing uses an email provider that also supports TLS, but most major providers use TLS. Assuming mutual TLS compatibility, all messages you send through Gmail are encrypted via TLS.
TLS makes it difficult for anyone to intercept your message when it’s en route to the recipient. However, it doesn’t promise to keep messages private between you and the recipient once it reaches them. For example, Google sees messages associated with your account and scans them for potential spam and malicious email, as well as supporting features like Smart Reply.
If the person you’re emailing uses a mail server that doesn’t use TLS, your message won’t be encrypted. You probably won’t know, so choose what you send carefully.
Encrypting Emails On Mac
Apples mail supports S/MIME out of the box. Heres how to set it up:
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Remove From Personal Gmail
Ways To Encrypt An Email In Gmail
Enhanced encryption of emails is mainly in demand in the business environment, which is why this feature is available to all G Suite Enterprise subscribers. Users who use free Gmail, alas, will not be able to use it.
Moreover, to use S/MIME encryption, G Suite Enterprise subscribers must have both the sender and the recipient of the message.
Enabling S/MIME encryption:
You can read more about configuring MTA-STS in the article About MTA-STS and TLS reporting .
You can enable Confidential mode in Gmail for any message. In this mode, the recipient will not be able to download, forward, print, copy this email.
In addition to read-only mode, you can select the expiration date of your email. You can also choose to send an SMS passcode to the recipient’s phone in the settings. If you have selected this option, then only with the help of the SMS code sent you can read the message being sent.
In addition to getting a G Suite subscription, you can also use third-party extensions for the Google Chrome browser to encrypt your email. Go to theChrome Store and search for Gmail encryption. You’ll see a list of extensions that extend what Gmail is used to and encrypt your messages.
The disadvantage of this method is that you’ll have to give your Gmail box full access to the extension creator. Granting such rights to a third party is in itself a vulnerability.
And if you want to encrypt the message , does it make sense to give permission to someone else to read the mailbox ?
Don’t Miss: How Do I Email A Large Video File | <urn:uuid:26449e0c-8c29-4a0f-ae27-7ec8f01382bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.emailprotips.net/can-i-encrypt-an-email-in-gmail/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.915317 | 3,203 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Property owners in some Florida counties were in a lather over restrictions on new coastal construction after Hurricane Eloise took dead aim at the Panhandle in 1975, leaving rubble where older structures had stood.
"The Lord showed them the setback line," said the state's natural resources director, Harmon Shields.
Once again, Floridians — and the nation — are getting a message. Whether one thinks it's divine or natural doesn't matter.
Climate change is a reality. That human activity is fueling it is reality. The consequences, like hurricanes Harvey and Irma, are reality.
It's also a reality that the warmer the water that births and feeds hurricanes, the more violent they will be.
Ocean temperatures have been rising steadily to their present extremes. Never before had two Category 4 hurricanes targeted the United States in a single season, let alone within weeks of each other. Never before had one spent three days as a Category 5 in the open Atlantic.
Had Irma's eye moved up the Gulf of Mexico rather than straying onto the peninsula, Florida's damages, severe as they are, would have been much worse.
It's true that no single Texas hurricane, Kansas tornado, California wildfire, tropical disease or crop failure abroad can be attributed solely to climate change, but it's beside the point. What matters is that global warming increases the risks.
Here's Christine Todd Whitman, former administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, on that subject, in a New York Times opinion piece:
"The basic physics of the climate are well understood. Burning fossil fuels emits carbon dioxide. And carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere. There is no debate about that. The link is as certain as the link between smoking and cancer.
"A broad consensus of scientists also warn of the influence of the warming climate on extreme weather events. Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, the enormous wildfires in the Western United States and widespread flooding from monsoons in Southeast Asia are potent reminders of the cost of ignoring climate science."
Whitman, a former New Jersey governor who was President George W. Bush's first EPA administrator, is a Republican. That she believes in the causes of climate change puts her in a minority in her party. Public opinion polls consistently show that what people believe about climate change depends greatly on their party affiliation. You see the difference reflected in the deaf ears and sightless eyes of Republican politicians, including Florida Gov. Rick Scott and President Donald Trump, who turn away from overwhelming evidence.
In Florida, the state most susceptible to sea level rise as well as to hurricanes, the Florida Center for Investigative Reporting found state employees are discouraged from using the terms "climate change" and "global warming." In a public meeting, one official refused to acknowledge the words when they were put directly to him.
The governor denies such orders exist, yet he consistently refuses to address global warming. Instead, he says he wants to focus on beach renourishment and flood mitigation. Yes, flooding and erosion must be addressed, but let's also address the problem at its source.
Scott's commanding presence in the Irma crisis does not excuse him from dismissing the worst threat to Florida's future. If he runs for the U.S. Senate next year as expected, it will be a clear and significant difference between he and Sen. Bill Nelson.
The Trump administration's stance is abominable. From withdrawing the United States from the Paris Accord, to killing rules on mountaintop coal mining, to populating scientific advisory boards with energy industry hacks, to censoring such terms as "climate change" and "clean energy" from federal websites, the president has been waging war on science with a ferocity not seen since Galileo was forced on pain of death to deny that the earth orbits the sun.
Over the weekend, the administration sent mixed signals to Europe about possibly remaining in the Paris Accord. The White House swiftly denied that, but with wiggle room. Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the press secretary, wrote on Twitter that Trump is firm on withdrawing "unless we get pro-America terms."
That is unreal. A heroic agreement reached among virtually all the world's nations cannot — and should not — be renegotiated to suit the late-blooming domestic political agenda of any one of them. It is a practical impossibility as well as a moral outrage.
Trump, who has called global warming a Chinese hoax, chose a notorious climate change denier, Scott Pruitt, to run the EPA. It would be hard to find a more banal remark than Pruitt's statement that Irma was no time to talk about climate change.
"To use time and effort to address it at this point is very, very insensitive to the people of Florida," Pruitt said.
No, what's insensitive to the people of Florida is his denial of climate science.
Whitman responded to the news that Pruitt has appointed a "red team" of dissenting scientists to challenge the vast climate change consensus of thousands of others. She called it a "slow-rolling catastrophe in the making."
People today increasingly feel free to believe whatever suits them and there are still some who believe the world is flat, the moon landings were faked and smoking doesn't cause cancer. But there is no excuse for so-called leaders to exploit such gullibility.
Rank-and-file Republican voters take their cues from above. It's hard to believe that Scott, Pruitt or even Trump are uninformed as all that. More likely, it reflects Trump's false promises to coal miners that he would restore jobs lost to natural gas, not environmentalism, and to the Republican Party's financial alliance with the Koch brothers and other extractive energy industry profiteers.
Many Americans wonder how so many of the nation's founders and other otherwise decent people were able to rationalize slavery. By the light of their times, though, there wasn't anything wrong with it and they could not envision prosperity without it.
Today, the same profit motive underlies the great immorality of climate science denial. Two centuries from now, in a world made more inhospitable to life as we know it, surviving people will again wonder, "How could they?"
Editorials are the opinion of the Sun Sentinel Editorial Board and written by one of its members or a designee. The Editorial Board consists of Editorial Page Editor Rosemary O'Hara, Elana Simms, Andy Reid, Deborah Ramirez and Editor-in-Chief Howard Saltz. | <urn:uuid:730e08de-4306-4501-80d4-c19d61b4a9b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sun-sentinel.com/opinion/editorials/fl-op-editorial-hurricanes-climate-change-20170919-story.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96552 | 1,314 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Includes bibliographical references (p. -123) and index.
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||134 p. ;|
|Number of Pages||134|
Buy Believing in Nothing and Something by Heath, Geoff (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible : Geoff Heath. How could there be books about believing in nothing? Thankfully, there are plenty of them now, they’re well known, and this is a fine addition to that collection. Other reviews of the book can be found at Publishers Weekly and the Daily Harold. Albert Camus — ‘If we believe in nothing, if nothing has any meaning and if we can affirm no values whatsoever, then everything is possible and nothing h. Pascal's wager is an argument in philosophy presented by the seventeenth-century French philosopher, theologian, mathematician and physicist, Blaise Pascal (–). It posits that humans bet with their lives that God either exists or does not.. Pascal argues that a rational person should live as though God exists and seek to believe in God.
The phrase “believing in nothing” equivocates between the doctrines of Atheism (nothing spiritual), Positivism (nothing metaphysical), Pyrrhonism (nothing known), Cynicism (nothing valued), and Nihilism (nothing meaningful). A lot of critiques and counterarguments trade on . Buy Nothing: Something to Believe in by Nica Lalli (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Nothing is, as Aristotle put it, what rocks dream about. Unless someone powerful intervenes, the ancient maxim still stands: out of nothing, nothing comes. A quantum vacuum, on the other hand, is something—it consists of fields of fluctuating energy from which particles appear to pop in and out of existence. Provided to YouTube by Universal Music Group Believe In Nothing All That Remains Overcome ℗ Razor & Tie Recordings., Marketed by Razor & Tie Recording.
Provided to YouTube by Sony Music Entertainment Believe in Nothing Nevermore Dead Heart In a Dead World ℗ Century Media Records Ltd. Released on: "When people stop believing in God, they don’t believe in nothing — they believe in anything" now I will tell you something interesting, for the past 60 plus years in the USA, the number of people who go to church, or consider themselves part of a specific religion, has fallen steadily. but, the number of people who 'believe' in something. The LDS church their cornerstone is the Book of Mormon believes that if you read that book with an honest intent and give an honest prayer when you are finished you will receive an answer to confirm this belief. I had read the book when I was 15 and prayed, nothing profound had happened. The believer, awestruck by the grandiosity of the universe and the puzzle of origins, will insist that "there must be something. " To this, the nonbeliever will agree - yes, there must be something. | <urn:uuid:50e8dcf3-a096-43f8-83bd-51ae0967e4da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hukolajukohinuvip.tomsseweranddrainserviceoh.com/believing-in-nothing-and-something-book-17315kb.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.911154 | 689 | 2.015625 | 2 |
SAN DIEGO (Border Report) — It’s been raining in the Tijuana-San Diego region since Friday and as it always happens, much of the runoff flows from south of the border through canyons into the U.S. bringing with it tons of trash, debris and plastics.
Only this time, not as much is making its way north thanks to a trash collecting boom system that was set up in Tijuana last week.
It was installed by WILDCOAST, an environmental group based in Imperial Beach, Calif.
“This is the first-ever in Mexico, it’s working,” said Fay Crevoshay, WILDCOAST’s communications and policy director. “Next step is to take out the trash next week once it stops raining.”
Crevoshay says the boom is already paying off.
“Now we start recycling and repurposing that’s our next challenge, and we have to show the city of Tijuana more trash collection is needed, especially in neighborhoods that are set up in canyons,” she said.
For decades, tons of trash and millions of gallons of raw sewage have flowed into the Tijuana River Valley and then into the Pacific Ocean. Much of the materials are plastics that end up hurting wildlife and the ocean.
“It’s really bad for public health and for the environment all this trash lying around with water inside, it creates mosquito creation when it becomes spring that leads to a lot of diseases,” Crevoshay said.
Similar booms have been set up in years past at the bottom of some canyons, like Smuggler’s Gulch and Goat Canyon, stopping a lot of trash. But they can’t catch everything.
“We have to stop it at the source,” Crevoshay says. “We need to stop polluting our planet, our neighborhoods, our environment, we are the environment.”
The boom that was set up in Tijuana was paid for by a grant, and Crevoshay says the hope is to install several others.
“The grant that we got is from people interested in cleaning our rivers from plastics, preventing plastics from going into the ocean, we’re trying to prove that they work.” | <urn:uuid:4f6bbbd5-1c4b-4528-8146-49c96ce2a6f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.valleycentral.com/border-report/its-working-boom-system-set-up-in-tijuana-stops-piles-of-trash-from-flowing-into-california/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.966346 | 491 | 2.296875 | 2 |
All UK nationals or residents arriving back in England from high-risk countries will begin checking into government-designated accommodation on Monday as the hotel quarantine regime to prevent the spread of new coronavirus cases begins.
People returning to England from 33 “red list” countries – comprised of hotspots with Covid-19 variants in circulation – will be required to quarantine in hotels for 10 days.
Anyone who has been in one of the high-risk destinations will have to enter England through a designated port and have pre-booked a quarantine package to stay at one of the government’s managed quarantine facilities.
The government has struck deals with 16 hotels so far, providing 4,963 rooms, and a further 58,000 rooms are on standby, the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) said on Sunday.
Travellers arriving from Monday onwards that have not visited a red list country must still quarantine for 10 days at home and complete two mandatory Covid-19 tests on the second and eighth day after arriving.
Matt Hancock, health secretary, said: “As this deadly virus evolves, so must our defences. We have already taken tough action to limit the spread, protect people and save lives.
“With the emergence of new variants, we must go further. The rules coming into force today will bolster the quarantine system and provide another layer of security against new variants at the border.”
People must quarantine in the hotel room but exceptions allowing them to leave include the need for urgent medical assistance, to exercise or attend the funeral of a close family member.
The regulations state that leaving for these exceptional reasons should only happen if the person “has been given prior permission by a person authorised by the secretary of state for this purpose”.
People may only arrive into Heathrow airport, Gatwick airport, London City airport, Birmingham airport, Farnborough airport or any military airfield or port, according to the legislation.
Passengers arriving into England face fines of up to £10,000 for failing to quarantine, and those who lie on their passenger locator forms face up to 10 years in jail, Hancock announced last week.
The cost for a quarantine hotel stay is £1,750 for a single adult.
On Saturday, Heathrow said “significant gaps” remained in the hotel quarantine plan and a spokeswoman said it is yet to receive the “necessary reassurances” from the government.
On Sunday night, the Heathrow spokeswoman said: “We have been working hard with the Government to support the successful implementation of the managed quarantine policy from Monday.
“Good progress has been made to address a number of issues. Queues at the border in recent days have been almost five hours and this is totally unacceptable.
“Border Force today have given us assurance that they will have resource and effective processes at the border to avoid compromising the safety of passengers and those working at the airport, which could necessitate the suspension of some arriving flights.”
One of the Heathrow Airport hotels taking part in the scheme is Novotel London Heathrow T1 T2 T3, and it is understoof that the Renaissance London Heathrow Hotel is also participating in the programme. | <urn:uuid:6adf6dbe-7881-4fe9-9521-9e0d192bf0e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/15/england-hotel-quarantine-begins-for-arrivals-from-high-risk-countries | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947379 | 666 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Presents the results of a needs assessment of emergency management programs (EMPs) at institutions of higher education (IHEs) in the U.S. The findings are based on information collected from a national survey of emergency management practitioners at U.S. IHEs, targeted interviews, case studies, discussions at a summit of representatives of Oregon IHEs, and input from a project advisory committee.
Five years after the Department of Education launched the Second Chance Pell Experimental Sites Initiative (SCP), data highlights the impact of expanding postsecondary education programs in state and federal prisons.
A new report from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center finds that enrollments of undergraduate and graduate students, fell a further 4.1 percent or 685,000 students in spring 2022 compared to spring 2021. This follows a 3.5 percent drop last spring, for a total two-year decline of 7.4 percent or nearly 1.3 million students since spring 2020.
Which schools deserve to top lists of the best colleges in the U.S.? That depends on what you mean by “best.” If “best” means the most prestigious and more selective admissions, then sure, current college rankings are doing what they’re meant to do. But if the point of higher education is to buoy economic mobility, those lists that make headlines every year aren’t showing the whole picture.
Over the past 80 years, our nation has made great strides in improving access to college, and then ensuring that many more students could complete a college degree. In a rapidly changing economy and education landscape, it is increasingly clear that completion is an essential but insufficient first step. Current and prospective students are interested in the wide range of benefits that successful education and training programs can deliver.
Presents the results of the University Risk Management & Insurance Association (URMIA) survey investigating whether a rash of negative news stories about misconduct in fraternities was having an effect on how colleges and universities view the risk associated with them.
As enrollment remains a primary concern among institutional leaders, two new reports provide insight on trends in transfer enrollment and strategies for transfer student success. To read the latest analysis on transfer enrollment trends by National Student Clearinghouse, click here. To read the full report on the role of public higher education in advancing transfer student success, click here.
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DENVER (KDVR) — We are more than halfway through the month of May and a snowstorm is on the way. The Pinpoint Weather Team has issued a Pinpoint Weather Alert Day for all day Friday and the morning on Saturday.
A winter storm warning has been issued for the Denver metro area and Front Range effective noon Friday through noon Saturday including Boulder, Golden, Highlands Ranch, Denver, Lakewood, Fort Collins, Aurora, Arvada, Loveland, Littleton, Nunn, Longmont, Hereford, Parker, Denver International Airport, and Brighton.
The National Weather Service said watches are issued when conditions are favorable for a significant winter storm event (heavy sleet, heavy snow, ice storm, heavy snow and blowing snow or a combination of events.)
The snowstorm is expected to arrive on Friday. Rain/snow will start in Denver around 12 p.m.
Criteria for a winter storm warning
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said a winter storm warning is issued for the following conditions:
- Heavy snow of at least 6 inches in 12 hours, or at least 8 inches in 24 hours, is expected
- It can also be issued if sleet accumulation will be at least half an inch
How much snow will accumulate?
Meteorologist Chris Tomer says total snow accumulations will vary, but the biggest totals will come from above 6,000 feet. That includes the Foothills, some western suburbs, mountains, and Palmer Divide. That’s where 1-2 feet of accumulation is possible.
- Denver 1-4 inches
- Foothills 1-2 feet
- Palmer Divide: 6-12 inches
- Eastern Plains 1-3 inches
- Northern Colorado 1-4 inches
- High Mountains 1-2 feet on the Divide with less west
Here are tools that can help you stay prepared for any type of weather:
- Closings & Delays: Full List
- Pinpoint Weather Alert Days Friday and Saturday: How much snow?
- Interactive Radar
- Delays and cancellations at Denver International Airport | <urn:uuid:b36b9bdc-ffd4-4d01-bb8b-e9c19988ae9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kdvr.com/weather/weather-forecast/winter-storm-watch-issued-for-denver-metro-area/?ipid=promo-link-block1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.9145 | 438 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The Internet today provides quite many freeware programs for download. It ranges from varieties of wallpapers to Spyware removing programs. People generally tend to believe in taking advantage of everything that is freely available for download over the internet. However, most of the freeware could be accompanied by spying programs and could cause immense harm. Though this happens not in all cases, one needs to think twice about, if or not to for the free downloads of spyware removing programs.
If you are finding it difficult to make the choice, you could read further to know the advantages and disadvantages of having freeware removers being downloaded.
There are apparently a lot of advantages when free Spyware removing software is downloaded. These are perhaps the reasons why people opt to have them downloaded in the first place.
1) Low Cost
This is one main reason for people to settle down on free spyware removing software. There could of course be a minimal fee for advertizing and set up; however it is negligible. This is much preferred than to pay hefty sums for a Spyware removal as humanity values more for money today.
Quite many people have no idea about what a spyware actually or sometimes how it could be removed. In such cases, when they happen to come across free tools to remove spyware programs, they tend to make the download. Freeware is easily accessible and people often find them quickly. At times, many of them do not prefer making use of their credit card online, which would further mean that they have access only to the freeware online.
Free Spyware removing software is designed for a quick download from the internet. It is often quicker when compared to the paid programs. Hence people find them more reliable and worth the download.
Most of the manufacturers design the software in the way compatible for a quick download. A time is one thing people often fall short of, they would prefer acquiring the anti-spyware tool not just free of cost but also more sooner, than the paid ones.
Often people get other add-ons when they download the freely available anti-spyware. At times the Spyware removal is accompanied by toolbars and messengers which would be an added advantage for the user.
1) Substandard Quality
It is very apparent that the free Spyware removals are low in quality when they are compared to their paid counterparts. The paid commercial software would provide you with more attributes than the freeware.
2) Unsecure Source
Often the freely available Spyware removers are not hailing from legitimate sources and at times several spyware creators disguise themselves as free spyware removers so that people go about downloading them. This sometimes ends up infecting the user's system, when the attempt was to download the spyware remover.
3) Inevitable Payment
Some companies releasing free software programs for removing spyware merely attract the customers to their products. At sometime after the download, the customers are forced to make the payment for the service being achieved. Such payments could be told as an upgrade for better version software or could be payments for continuation of service. Many companies may demand payment for updating the existing free spyware remover. | <urn:uuid:baedaf82-952b-43a7-b171-c21f5050431f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.techbusy.org/vpn/free-spyware-removers-4-advantages-and-3-disadvantages-revealed/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961662 | 668 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Afraid of buying Amazon stock because its predatory nature will bring on antitrust attention?
You shouldn’t be, says one investor.
Investors troubled by regulatory pressures on Amazon (Amazon Stock Quote,Chart, News NASDAQ:AMZN) should put their worries to bed, according to portfolio manager David Fingold of Dynamic Funds, who claims that rather than skewing competition through its actions, the e-commerce company is behaving like every other retailer by trying to woo customers with bargain prices.
Amazon’s share price has been struggling over the past year to return to form, with a number of concerns seemingly weighing on the stock, including disappointing earnings, questions over its ventures in hardware and bricks and mortar and, most glaringly, growing calls for regulatory control from US lawmakers who fear that the tech giant has grown too big for our own good.
This week, US Senator and Democratic front runner Elizabeth Warren issued a fresh call to arms, saying that companies like Google, Facebook and Amazon have “too much power over our economy, our society and our democracy.” Warren’s statements come after both the US Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission have announced investigations into potential antitrust behaviour by Big Tech, including Amazon, whose dominance over online retail some see as stifling competition.
But Fingold doesn’t buy it.
“Predatory” practices similar to the ones Amazon uses are everywhere…
“My suspicion is that on the regulatory concerns within Amazon itself, that is, around how they make money, that it’s very similar to how grocery stores make their money, so I don’t understand how it would have a regulatory finding against the company that doesn’t in fact hurt the grocery store companies more,” says Fingold, vice president and senior portfolio manager at Dynamic Funds, in conversation with BNN Bloomberg on Wednesday.
“I’m thinking in particular about their advertising business where they take incentives from manufacturers in order to determine how to position products and merch and how they feature private label products and so forth. Regulators have discussed all of that, and grocery stores do the same thing — they have loyalty cards and therefore they use client data,” he says.
Fingold says that while Amazon’s share price has been facing pressure recently, the more long-term picture looks better — although a forced splintering of the company would be a boon for its cloud segment, AWS.
“I think that Amazon is a great company and we owned it for many years,” Fingold says. “We’ve been out of it for about 12 months now, mostly because we’ve been trying to figure out where their operating expenses would be because without that it’s hard for us to come up with an earnings estimate. But I do think that it bears observation. It’s on our watch list.”
“I think that the company is having an issue short-term because there could be some regulatory overhang. I have a feeling that if regulators require Amazon Web Services to be separated, for instance, that that would actually be a very beneficial catalyst because it’s a very valuable business,” he says.
Amazon’s share price peaked above $2,000 in early July, the second time it has reached those heights, but a mixed quarterly report in late July started the stock on a downward trend. Amazon posted a strong top line for its second quarter, coming in with revenue of $63.4 billion, a 20-per-cent increase over the same period a year earlier and better than analysts had expected. But earnings came in at $5.22 per share whereas analysts had been expecting $5.57 per share. (All figures in US dollars.)
Disclosure: Cantech’s Nick Waddell owns shares of Amazon | <urn:uuid:3bff9d51-9941-4b61-8114-2ce9334a001b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cantechletter.com/2019/10/amazon-is-no-more-predatory-than-your-grocery-store-fund-manager/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.965103 | 807 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Is it still acceptable to be fixated on Donald Trump’s iron grip on millions of Americans? While most people seem to have moved on, I’d argue that getting to a true understanding of his appeal is still of vital interest. Indeed, people’s lives may depend on it. Election officials continue to receive death threats for challenging his election lies. A large-scale violent insurrection appears plausible if he loses again in 2024.
We should not buy into simplistic explanations like “They’re all racists” or “He starred in a hit reality TV show.” Something much more profound is at work. One half of the country perceives Trump to be an incompetent and psychologically troubled man of dubious achievements. The other half sees him as the only human being on the planet who could ever solve their problems. Many of these appear ready to kill and die for him.
To understand this astonishing perceptual divide, we need to revisit what we think we know about television as a medium. When we talk about reality TV, we owe it to ourselves to investigate our conceptions of “reality” and “TV,” both of which have evolved significantly in the last decade or so. Trump’s impact on television audiences is related to profound changes in the medium itself. These changes have occurred slowly enough to escape serious notice by people who want to understand how a talented performer like Trump can gain such influence over people. While television is not the only factor that explains Trump’s grip on his supporters, it is arguably the most important, especially when assessing his early popularity with voters.
The roots of today’s competing realities lie in the evolution of reality television itself and its effects on viewers’ brains. This is a story that starts in the early 1960s; a story I participated in as my career progressed from producing made-for-TV movies to serving as Social Software Evangelist at IBM.
In the summer of 1960, the French filmmaker Jean Rouch, who had spent the previous decade making documentaries about African tribes, took his portable Éclair Cameflex 16-millimeter movie camera out onto the streets of Paris to interview real people in their daily lives. The resulting film, Chronique d’un été (Chronicle of a Summer) was both a technical and artistic breakthrough. The equipment was revolutionary. No sound camera had ever been so portable. Also revolutionary was the idea of making a movie about regular people just casually talking about the issues of the day, such as the French colonial war in Algeria. It was one of the first cinema verité films.
The whole purpose of cinema verité was to be real. The filmmaker would always have a point of view, and there is no such thing as true objectivity, but the goal was to record reality as it was, with as little interference as possible.
This “cinema of truth” or “observational cinema” existed mostly in the realms of public television and art house documentaries, with a few breakouts like Michael Wadleigh’s Woodstock and PBS’s An American Family achieving popular success. At the same time, the verité technique was establishing itself in the mind of the audience as a window onto reality. The effect emerged mostly from the use of the verité style in television news, with portable cameras bringing us “film at 11.” This perception, that informal filming of real people reflected reality, would have major implications for television as a medium—and also, as we would later discover, politics.
My involvement with verité came 25 years after Jean Rouch hit the streets of Paris with his Éclair camera. After studying with some of cinema verité’s most celebrated practitioners, I took a job in primetime television. My mentor was Edgar Scherick, the fiery-tempered former president of ABC. In the 1950s, Edgar had created The Wide World of Sports. He went on to produce dozens of television movies and feature films like The Stepford Wives and The Taking of Pelham 1-2-3. Later, he’d brought an unknown 19-year-old New York casting director named Scott Rudin to Hollywood.
By 1988, when I joined his production company as a cigar-fetching assistant, Scherick’s main gig was dramatizing true stories as made-for-TV movies. This was a format that, in retrospect, was a bridge between traditional, completely fictitious television and what we now consider reality TV.
Though now extinct, the true crime movie of the week was a reliable source of high ratings in the 1980s and early ’90s. Every network made it a staple of their programming schedules. No one could adequately explain why the audience was so hungry for true crime docudramas. One theory, which I am skeptical of, was that people tended to feel guilty about watching TV, so they rationalized consuming endless gore and dramatizations of depraved behavior with the excuse that they were informing themselves about the news of the world.
I suspect audiences were actually getting trained to view docudramas as inherently true. The barrier between reality and fiction, what I would call the “fifth wall” of onscreen programming, was beginning to crumble. Most films and TV shows respect the “three walls” of the stage set, with the “fourth wall” functioning as an invisible barrier between the camera and the action. Sometimes, an actor will “break the fourth wall” and speak directly to the camera. This is common in reality TV, but more and more, as time went on, the fifth wall also began to deteriorate.
Probably the first serious erosion of the fifth wall came in 1989 as the cinema verité genre enjoyed its first major primetime hit with Cops, on the Fox Network. Scherick worked on a project with the producers of Cops. It was in this context that I learned Cops was betraying cinema verité’s most sacred rule of not interfering in the subject’s life.
This bothered me, though it’s hilarious in retrospect that I was upset that Cops was staging confrontations between real people to get tape of entertaining arguments. What did I expect? This was hardly the Cinémathèque Française. This was TV, produced for commercial entertainment and beholden to no rules about telling the truth.
The problem was that Cops looked like pure, unaltered real life. The audience got to ride along in cop cars and see the police at home with their families. The audience learned that an exciting TV show could be about real people, taped living their everyday lives. The show was trading on the belief that unposed, poorly lit and seemingly unscripted video reflected real life. It had the “film at 11” look, so it had to be true, right?
I don’t mean to imply that TV viewers are so ignorant that they can’t tell the difference between fiction and reality. Subsequent reality programming has been transparently fake, with ordinary people set in highly contrived and obviously scripted scenarios. It’s called scripted reality programming, an oxymoron that bothers no one. The audience today knows it is watching real people staging fake scenes. At the level of brain function, however, the distinction has been blurred.
This insight is critical if you want to understand Trump’s power over his audience, especially early in his rise. If you’ve ever felt dizzy watching a car chase scene, you’ll understand that our brains tend to process events on a screen as if they were really happening to us. This is a well-documented neurological phenomenon. Jean Rouch called it the “ciné trance” a state of mind where your brain is in the scene you’re watching. You really are there, walking with him on the streets of Paris in 1960.
The verité trend in reality television also eroded the boundaries of exploitation and voyeurism in the medium. Watching dramatizations of true crime stories whetted the audience’s appetite for voyeuristic glimpses through the curtains of their unfortunate neighbors. The reality TV movement served the main dish: a voyeuristic spectacle of sadism. Americans might have once felt guilty about enjoying a show like The Apprentice, which reveled in humiliating people, or American Idol, which glamorized the abuse of the weak. As the reality trend wore on, audiences were given permission to enjoy others’ misery as entertainment and protagonists like Trump were given a pass for being ruthless and denigrating. Trump is a true master of this art form.
Rouch’s ciné trance is a naïve notion compared with the immersion in manufactured reality that American TV audiences experience today. News channels are designed to entertain. They’re bracketed by hours of scripted reality on the programming schedule, and it’s all punctuated by commercials that feature unreal effects like talking batteries. The ciné trance has morphed into a permanent TV trance—a state of mental suspension in which the action on screen is perceived as reality, and therefore true, even if the conscious mind is aware that it’s fiction—made up and manipulative.
The experience of watching TV has also fused with reinforcing technology habits such as Twitter and Facebook. Audience members continuously trigger addictive centers in their minds with integrated loops of television programming and follow-on tweets and social media posts. YouTube and Instagram’s ubiquitous mobile phone videos compound the effect. We’re addicted to media stars we know are fake but neurochemically perceive to be real.
Trump was a force in this trend, as well as one of its main beneficiaries, as are Oprah, The Rock, and other fantasy presidential candidates who present fictional projections of themselves in the media. By 1990, Trump had become interested in being on television. Having gone bankrupt from the failure of his Atlantic City casinos, with creditors and law enforcement nipping at his heels, he needed a new way to make money. It was time for him to become rich by being famous, as he could no longer get famous from being rich.
Trump’s attorneys reached out to Scherick, then one of the highest-profile “go to” people in the industry, and struck a deal for one of Donald Trump’s first TV projects. It was to be called Trump Tower, a nighttime soap opera on NBC pitched as “Dynasty meets the Algonquin Round Table.”
We hired Clare Labine, co-creator of Ryan’s Hope, to write the pilot, which would take the form of a four-hour miniseries. The idea was to present a byzantine melodrama among sophisticated New Yorkers who lived in Trump Tower: major artists, prominent authors, tycoons . . . all sleeping with each other while hatching diabolical plots of sadistic revenge and schadenfreude for past betrayals.
In the background would be Donald Trump, playing a fictitious character named Donald Trump. He would be Donald Trump, the well-known real estate magnate, but with his lines written for him. He was envisioned as a sort of quiet Machiavellian character, moving the chess pieces of people’s lives around without their knowing it.
After the project began, Scherick got another call from Trump’s lawyers. There was an actress named Marla Maples who would need to have a role in the series. “The mistress,” Edgar had murmured… The lawyers hadn’t said it out loud, but their intent was clear.
The show never got on the air, but from the perspective of 2022, it’s an informative missing link in Trump’s biography. He later landed a hit with The Apprentice, which again featured him playing a fictional version of himself. This characterization of Donald Trump was of a powerful, decisive, and competent leader, a father figure who always knew the right thing to do—demonstrably the opposite of his true nature.
This is the Donald Trump his supporters admire. His characterization on The Apprentice differentiates him from other political figures who perform well on TV but simply cannot muster the audience buy-in that Trump easily commands. It’s entirely a false persona, but the audience was never fully clued in on how much of the show was fabricated versus how much of it was real. And given the TV trance that had taken effect, it apparently didn’t matter. People loved the show. They loved Trump and the tough, can-do character he played. Whatever their rational minds might have told them, their brain chemistry had them solidly believing he was the resolute, infallible master of their collective destiny. He was real, in their brains, even if they knew he was not. And he delivered the delicious helpings of sadistic voyeurism the audience so craved.
We know what happened next. Today, the country confronts a politician whose base thinks he can do no wrong. I suspect that they are to a large degree in the grip of the TV trance. Their deep brain functions are convinced that Donald Trump, the fictional TV character, is a real person with immense, unique powers, despite what observable reality might tell them.
As to what should happen now, I don’t have any clever ideas. I do think that if there is to be any effective movement against Trump, it should consider the brain connection he has with his television audiences. Screaming “you’re a racist” at his followers is not the answer. Instead, it might be more useful to engage and explore why they feel he’s real in their hearts while they know he’s not real in their heads. Such an approach would at least be moving along a path to the truth and to deconstructing the paradox of Trump’s verité.
Hugh Taylor is a technology analyst and author of the book Digital Downfall: Technology, Cyberattacks and the End of the American Republic. Prior to working in the tech field, Hugh was a script development executive in primetime television.
He studied filmmaking at Harvard University. | <urn:uuid:a76d8328-0546-4fd2-aaea-2d0d24d2ae01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://washingtonspectator.org/trump-first-tv-show/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.976108 | 2,934 | 1.648438 | 2 |
March 25 (Al Jazeera) – India’s 1.3 billion people will go under “total lockdown” for 21 days to combat the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said, warning that anyone going outside risked inviting the virus inside their homes, and pledging $2bn to bolster the country’s beleaguered healthcare system.
“From 12 midnight today [1830 GMT Tuesday], the entire country will be in lockdown, total lockdown,” Modi said on Tuesday in a televised address, his second in a week.
“To save India, to save its every citizen, you, your family… every street, every neighbourhood is being put under lockdown,” he said, putting nearly one-fifth of the world’s population under lockdown.
India has lagged behind other nations in the number of COVID-19 cases, but there has been a sharp increase in recent days to 519 infections, including 10 deaths, according to the government.
Earlier on Tuesday, police enforced lockdowns across large parts of India put under curfew, as health officials warned that the coronavirus was spreading out of big cities, where it first appeared, into smaller towns.
Health researchers have warned that more than a million people in India could be infected with the coronavirus by mid-May
India has already severed international flight links and will stop domestic air services at midnight in a bid to halt the spread.
Fears of virus spreading
There are fears in India about the virus spreading into impoverished communities and the ability of resource-starved public health sectors to cope.
A health official in the western state of Maharashtra said new cases were starting to appear in small towns after a first wave emerged in big cities like Mumbai.
“This trend is worrying as rural areas have limited infrastructure to deal with the outbreak,” said the state health official who declined to be identified, saying he was not authorised to speak to journalists.
States have been imposing their own lockdowns and have been suspending train and bus services and ordering traffic off the roads.
A new concern in the northern Indian state of Punjab was the risk of infection from an estimated 90,000 overseas Indians who had travelled back to their ancestral homeland, the state government’s top health official, Balbir Singh Sidhu.
Many people from Punjab live in Britain, the United States and Canada and travel back in the cool winter to visit.
A team of scientists based mainly in the US said this week that India’s tally of infections could jump to 1.3 million by mid-May if the virus maintains its rate of spread.
“Even with the best-case scenarios, probably, you are in a very painful crisis,” said Bhramar Mukherjee, a professor of biostatistics and epidemiology at the University of Michigan who was involved in the study.
More than 377,300 people have been infected by the coronavirus globally, and 16,520 have died, according to a Reuters tally.
Breaking up Delhi protests
Earlier on Monday, police in the Indian capital broke up the longest-running protest against a new citizenship law, citing a ban on public gatherings because of the coronavirus.
Dozens of people, many of them women, had been staging a sit-in protest since early December on a street in the Shaheen Bagh neighbourhood, turning it into a focal point for opposition to the law seen as discriminating against Muslims.
Hundreds of police in riot gear surrounded the protesters and told them to leave, said Delhi’s joint police commissioner, DC Srivastava.
“It is a dangerous environment, with this coronavirus,” he told reporters.
Some demonstrators resisted the police, and at least nine people had been detained, six of them women, Srivastava said, adding there was no violence. | <urn:uuid:8c9ede74-112d-402b-ae4a-e145d650b636> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newsin.asia/indias-1-3-billion-people-to-begin-worlds-largest-virus-lockdown/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96785 | 806 | 1.765625 | 2 |
In August of 2011, we asked that practitioners and patients who use Alpha-Stim for CES purposes (i.e., anxiety, insomnia and/or depression) provide the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with a letter stating how you use Alpha-Stim, how beneficial you find the device to be and if you believe it is safe. We were blown away by the support we received at that time. Since then we have been waiting for the FDA commissioner to rule on the comments FDA received from practitioners, the public and manufacturers of CES devices, as well as the reclassification petition we submitted, as we await a final classification ruling from FDA on CES devices.
On April 4, FDA requested additional public comments on the classification issue for CES. It has long been the position of Electromedical Products International, Inc. (EPI) that Alpha-Stim devices are safe and effective, and therefore should not be Class III devices. If you are familiar with the FDA’s classification system then you know Class III was intended to be reserved for medical devices that cannot establish adequate controls to assure safety and efficacy and are life-supporting or life-sustaining. Alpha-Stim has been on the market for over thirty years, and its safety and efficacy are well established, not to mention the fact that the devices are not life-sustaining or life-supporting. We firmly believe that CES should be classified as a Class I or Class II device, and certainly not Class III. If FDA classifies CES as Class III then EPI will need to go through the onerous Pre-Market Approval process on a device which has been on the market for over thirty years with a fantastic safety record.
This is a link to this latest FDA action (don’t be fooled by the title):
FDA is justifying their action in two ways. First, FDA created potential side effects to make CES appear unsafe, such as claiming CES can potentially cause seizures. Second, FDA is ignoring ALL CES research including that which meets the FDA’s own definition of “valid scientific evidence.” For example, if a study had less than 50 subjects or if the State Trait Anxiety Index was used rather than the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, FDA decided not to review the study. Somehow FDA managed to even overlook the positive outcome in the very study of the CES device in France from which they alleged that CES can potentially cause seizures. From that abstract: “…anxiety and insomnia were exacerbated in the placebo group whereas anxiety decreased and sleep duration improved in the active treatment group.” All mechanistic studies using fMRI or EEG were discarded, as were all animal studies although FDA rules say they are to evaluate the scientific evidence to provide a “reasonable” assurance of safety and effectiveness when such evidence is “taken as a whole.” In the end FDA ignored ALL of the valid scientific evidence supporting CES and then concluded they cannot tell if CES is effective. FDA asserted CES is life threatening because it could “potentially” cause seizures that never happened since Alpha-Stim entered the market in 1981. Inexplicably, FDA somehow completely ignored every single fact in our 32 year history-every study, the actual reports of side effects and all those years of our considerable regulatory compliance.
If you were wondering what the Affordable Care Act might be like when the government takes over healthcare you can get a taste of it by seeing how the government treats CES science. Just click on the picture of the guy wrapped up in red tape on the bottom of our homepage at www.alpha-stim.com for a full disclosure of what we have been going through over the past year and a half, to read the transcript of the FDA’s Neurological Devices panel meeting, see video excerpts, and read over 200 letters from those opposing this action. As a bonus feature there is a déjà vu segment from the 1990s when different people at FDA with the same mind set did the same thing.
Do we have your attention? Good. Now we plead for you to please take a little time to help us fight for truth and justice. We ask for your support in providing FDA a letter or comment explaining how you use the Alpha-Stim and how you find the device to be safe and effective for the indications of anxiety, insomnia and/or depression. Below you will find links to four of the many letters which were submitted on our behalf in the fall of 2011. Please review these letters, and then please take a moment and share your own experiences using Alpha-Stim with the FDA, highlighting the safety and effectiveness of the Alpha-Stim device. You might also consider urging FDA to be honest in their evaluation of CES as did Dr. Francine Nichols, a retired NIH scientist who benefited from Alpha-Stim.
Here is a form letter we prepared for you that you can use as a starting point for your own letter and then upload via the link below:
Sample Letter for Practitioners (Microsoft Word document)
To submit your comments please follow this link:
Please note that the headline on this page refers to “Sorbent Hemoperfusion Devices”, which are also Class III devices, but believe it or not this is the correct place to add your comment about CES reclassification. You can either type your comment on the page and submit it, or upload a letter you typed in a word processing format or as a pdf file. We ask that you submit your comments as soon as possible, and no later than April 30, 2013, or they will not be considered by FDA. Please also send a copy of your letter to .
Also please consider having your patients write a comment to the docket as well. Alpha-Stim is not hurting anyone. In the majority of people who use it the effects are immediately obvious.
The process we are in now with FDA will consume most of our time and will be quite expensive – yet again! If you have any questions or concerns over this process please do not hesitate to call or email us. Our desire is to provide you with as much information as you would like on this very complicated issue.
Thank you for your continued support of Alpha-Stim.
Electromedical Products International, Inc.
Dr. Daniel L. Kirsch
Chairman of the Board | <urn:uuid:c03107a8-1674-488b-9a20-7eb6072aaf67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bio-medical.com/resources/fda-attempting-to-reclassifiy-ces-devices-unwarranted/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959122 | 1,312 | 1.601563 | 2 |
LeBlanc was in the city training officers in the new security features built into the $10 commemorative notes the bank is launching into circulation June 1 to celebrate Canada’s 150th anniversary. About 40 million of the bills will be issued, roughly one for every Canadian.
Cpl. Jennifer Driscoll said that counterfeit bills are a rare complaint in Summerside, but they do happen occasionally and it’s good for officers to stay up-to-date with the latest security features.
The new bank notes feature many of the same security precautions as other modern polymer Canadian bills, but do have a few new add-ons as well. Some of the new features include a colour-changing image in the Peace Arch depiction and holographic maple leaf designs and a piece by an Inuit artist.
LeBlanc said the Bank of Canada tries to work closely with law enforcement agencies to reduce counterfeit currency. She conducts an annual training session at the Atlantic Police Academy for the cadets and does refresher classes for Island police agencies every couple of years.
Besides the security features, LeBlanc was also eager to talk about the limited edition commemorative bill itself.
It was created using a lot of feedback from Canadians, she said, and the Bank of Canada is quite proud of how it turned out.
“It’s a note that celebrates our history, our culture, our landscapes. It’s very unique in that there are four portraits on the front. We’ve never done that before,” said LeBlanc.
The people on the bill are, from left, Sir John A. MacDonald, Sir George-Étienne Cartier, both Fathers of Confederation, Agnes MacPhail, Canada’s first female MP, and James Gladstone, first Indigenous senator. The reverse of the bill features iconic scenes from across the country. Both sides are also home to First Nations and historic Canadian imagery. | <urn:uuid:eab8668f-1618-4598-8ece-4b68ac6da5c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.saltwire.com/prince-edward-island/news/summerside-police-train-with-bank-of-canada-on-new-bill-features-104190/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960898 | 399 | 1.953125 | 2 |
In the not too distant future, robots may be dispatched as last-mile delivery vehicles to drop your takeout order, package, or meal-kit subscription at your doorstep — if they can find the door. For more information see the IDTechEx report on Mobile Robots and Drones in Material Handling and Logistics 2018-2038.
Standard approaches for robotic navigation involve mapping an area ahead of time, then using algorithms to guide a robot toward a specific goal or GPS coordinate on the map. While this approach might make sense for exploring specific environments, such as the layout of a particular building or planned obstacle course, it can become unwieldy in the context of last-mile delivery.
Imagine, for instance, having to map in advance every single neighborhood within a robot's delivery zone, including the configuration of each house within that neighborhood along with the specific coordinates of each house's front door. Such a task can be difficult to scale to an entire city, particularly as the exteriors of houses often change with the seasons. Mapping every single house could also run into issues of security and privacy.
Now MIT engineers have developed a navigation method that doesn't require mapping an area in advance. Instead, their approach enables a robot to use clues in its environment to plan out a route to its destination, which can be described in general semantic terms, such as "front door" or "garage," rather than as coordinates on a map. For example, if a robot is instructed to deliver a package to someone's front door, it might start on the road and see a driveway, which it has been trained to recognize as likely to lead toward a sidewalk, which in turn is likely to lead to the front door.
The new technique can greatly reduce the time a robot spends exploring a property before identifying its target, and it doesn't rely on maps of specific residences.
"We wouldn't want to have to make a map of every building that we'd need to visit," says Michael Everett, a graduate student in MIT's Department of Mechanical Engineering. "With this technique, we hope to drop a robot at the end of any driveway and have it find a door."
Everett will present the group's results this week at the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. The paper, which is co-authored by Jonathan How, professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT, and Justin Miller of the Ford Motor Company, is a finalist for "Best Paper for Cognitive Robots."
"A sense of what things are"
In recent years, researchers have worked on introducing natural, semantic language to robotic systems, training robots to recognize objects by their semantic labels, so they can visually process a door as a door, for example, and not simply as a solid, rectangular obstacle.
"Now we have an ability to give robots a sense of what things are, in real-time," Everett says. Everett, How, and Miller are using similar semantic techniques as a springboard for their new navigation approach, which leverages pre-existing algorithms that extract features from visual data to generate a new map of the same scene, represented as semantic clues, or context.
In their case, the researchers used an algorithm to build up a map of the environment as the robot moved around, using the semantic labels of each object and a depth image. This algorithm is called semantic SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping). While other semantic algorithms have enabled robots to recognize and map objects in their environment for what they are, they haven't allowed a robot to make decisions in the moment while navigating a new environment, on the most efficient path to take to a semantic destination such as a "front door."
"Before, exploring was just, plop a robot down and say 'go,' and it will move around and eventually get there, but it will be slow," How says.
The cost to go
The researchers looked to speed up a robot's path-planning through a semantic, context-colored world. They developed a new "cost-to-go estimator," an algorithm that converts a semantic map created by preexisting SLAM algorithms into a second map, representing the likelihood of any given location being close to the goal.
"This was inspired by image-to-image translation, where you take a picture of a cat and make it look like a dog," Everett says. "The same type of idea happens here where you take one image that looks like a map of the world, and turn it into this other image that looks like the map of the world but now is colored based on how close different points of the map are to the end goal."
This cost-to-go map is colorized, in gray-scale, to represent darker regions as locations far from a goal, and lighter regions as areas that are close to the goal. For instance, the sidewalk, coded in yellow in a semantic map, might be translated by the cost-to-go algorithm as a darker region in the new map, compared with a driveway, which is progressively lighter as it approaches the front door — the lightest region in the new map.
The researchers trained this new algorithm on satellite images from Bing Maps containing 77 houses from one urban and three suburban neighborhoods. The system converted a semantic map into a cost-to-go map, and mapped out the most efficient path, following lighter regions in the map, to the end goal. For each satellite image, Everett assigned semantic labels and colors to context features in a typical front yard, such as grey for a front door, blue for a driveway, and green for a hedge.
During this training process, the team also applied masks to each image to mimic the partial view that a robot's camera would likely have as it traverses a yard.
"Part of the trick to our approach was (giving the system) lots of partial images," How explains. "So it really had to figure out how all this stuff was interrelated. That's part of what makes this work robustly."
The researchers then tested their approach in a simulation of an image of an entirely new house, outside of the training dataset, first using the preexisting SLAM algorithm to generate a semantic map, then applying their new cost-to-go estimator to generate a second map, and path to a goal, in this case, the front door.
The group's new cost-to-go technique found the front door 189 percent faster than classical navigation algorithms, which do not take context or semantics into account, and instead spend excessive steps exploring areas that are unlikely to be near their goal.
Everett says the results illustrate how robots can use context to efficiently locate a goal, even in unfamiliar, unmapped environments. "Even if a robot is delivering a package to an environment it's never been to, there might be clues that will be the same as other places it's seen," Everett says. "So the world may be laid out a little differently, but there's probably some things in common."
This research is supported, in part, by the Ford Motor Company.
Source and top image: MIT | <urn:uuid:162357d2-70b4-432a-9bbe-d2662d91f4dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.roboticsresear.ch/articles/18643/technique-helps-robots-find-the-front-door | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959624 | 1,459 | 3.1875 | 3 |
The second wave of Covid hit India this April with a ferocity that led to a surge in infections and overstretched hospital infrastructure. In a matter of days, India turned into the second most affected country, triggering a wave of panic, despondency and high body counts. ‘Our nation is at war,’ as former army chief, Gen. V.P. Malik, described it in an April 18 tweet as the daily death toll surged past 1,300.
In the days that followed, the armed forces were brought in to plug the gaps in medical care and speed up delivery of medical infrastructure. The army has so far set up eight field hospitals with over 5,000 beds in some of the worst affected cities, including the national capital Delhi. It plans to roll out at least six more such field hospitals. Indian Navy warships have brought back ISO containers, oxygen cylinders and concentrators from the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries and Singapore. The IAF’s transport fleet, including C-17 heavy-lift aircraft that can carry nearly 70 tonnes of cargo, have flown over 400 sorties within the country and abroad, airlifting 5,669 metric tonnes of oxygen containers. (ISO containers are refillable, weigh 3.6 tonnes and can store over 21,000 litres of liquid medical oxygen or the equivalent of two tanker loads.)
The defence ministry’s research wing, the DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation), is installing 849 medical oxygen plants in hospitals across the country by July 31. It is also teaming up with pharma major Dr Reddy’s to roll out a drug which could hasten the recovery of Covid-19 patients and cut down oxygen dependency. “This has been declared a war,” Lt Gen. Madhuri Kanitkar, deputy chief of defence staff (medical) and deputy chairman of the Covid-19 crisis committee, told India Today TV on May 3. “In this war with the virus, doctors, healthcare workers, all of us are soldiers.”
As the pandemic devastated the world last year, some of the worst-affected countries turned towards their armed forces, repurposing their skills and equipment to confront a once-in-a-century pandemic. The military is a repository of skilled personnel with the logistic networks and platforms to speedily move large loads. It has a large medical corps which is trained to set up field hospitals completely staffed with doctors and medical assistants in a matter of hours.
The US, the country worst hit, has deployed over 60,000 defence personnel, including 4,400 doctors, nurses and medical personnel, to fight the pandemic (mostly from the National Guard, a reservist formation under its Department of Defense). In France, the military has bolstered civilian response in three areas—healthcare, logistics and protection. Turkey has used the military to set up field hospitals. The UK defence ministry confirmed this January that their armed forces’ response to Covid-19 was the biggest ever homeland military operation in peacetime with more than 5,000 personnel involved.
None of these countries, however, live with the kind of live security threats on their borders faced by the Indian armed forces. Last May, just two months after India went into a nationwide lockdown, the Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) mobilised two divisions along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), leading to a nine-month standoff punctuated by a violent clash on June 15 in Galwan Valley, the first such incident along the Chinese border in 45 years. The PLA and the Indian Army mutually disengaged from areas north and south of the Pangong Lake on February 10, areas where troops, tanks and artillery were within sight of each other. A smaller number of PLA soldiers, however, continue to remain at the Gogra Post and Hot Springs, two areas north of Pangong Tso. In the past few months, the PLA has rapidly built up infrastructure and bases along the LAC in Xinjiang and Tibet, demonstrating their intention to permanently base troops close to the undemarcated boundary.
Last year, the armed forces participated with gusto in mobilising resources, aircraft, manpower and field hospitals to combat the first wave of Covid. In the first week of May, there were much publicised flypasts by military helicopters showering petals on hospital staffers and health workers in Indian cities. This time around, with additional troops strung along the LAC and the PLA having sown the seeds of mistrust, there is considerably less enthusiasm to deploy additional resources in the fight against Covid.
“The vision at the highest level (of government) is for us to do everything that is possible (in the fight against Covid)while maintaining operational preparedness,” a senior army official told INDIA TODAY. The army says it is stretched thin by the need to be ready for any eventuality on its two-and-a-half fronts—the Line of Control (LoC) with Pakistan and the LAC with China and counter-insurgency commitments in Jammu and Kashmir and the Northeast.
These commitments will impact the deployment of the most crucial life-saving assets a military can rapidly roll out—field hospitals. These 45-bed medical facilities with an operation theatre can be set up virtually overnight. Each has a team of 10 doctors and 150 staff and usually provides secondary care to troops wounded in conflict. A field hospital performs life-saving surgeries and treatments on them before sending them to a tertiary care centre. These facilities are also set up in remote areas where there is no possibility of speedy medical attention for soldiers. Each infantry division—around 12,000 soldiers—has two field hospitals and the army has around 100 such temporary hospitals. The deployment of two additional infantry divisions in the Ladakh theatre since last year has meant additional field hospitals have had to be set up in areas where no medical facilities exist. This is the anticipated ‘battle-surge’ which military medicos warn against disturbing because it is a capability which cannot be built overnight.
The Army Medical Corps, which provides medical service to serving and retired military personnel, is around 70,000 strong. This includes some 10,000 doctors, 750 dental surgeons, 7,000 nurses and 40,000 paramedics, medical assistants and battlefield nursing assistants. Military-medical experts warn against overexploiting these resources and being dragged into extended ‘aid to civil authority’ commitments. “Sometimes you cannot tap the army beyond a certain level, especially when you have an exploitable situation like China on your borders. Our hospital strength is to cater for war, not for peace time,” says Lt Gen. (Dr) Velu Nair, former director general military services (DGMS), army.
On May 3, Delhi deputy chief minister Manish Sisodia had requested defence minister Rajnath Singh for the army’s assistance in creating ‘10,000 oxygenated non-ICU beds and 1,000 ICU beds along with oxygen supply’. The military heaved a sigh of relief when the Centre told the Delhi High Court on May 6 that it could not ask the army to set up more field hospitals in the national capital.
Military hospitals are already dealing with a surge in cases of families of serving personnel and veterans and have little spare capacity. To bridge the acute shortage of trained medical staff, the defence ministry has stepped in to add over 600 armed forces medical services doctors into service. It is also rehiring 400 recently retired doctors on 11-month tenures and extending the term of 238 short service commissioned doctors until year-end. Retired armed forces doctors are also on the eSanjeevani portal, a health ministry telemedicine platform, for online consultation.
WEAPON OF FIRST RESORT
Military analysts urge caution, stressing that the armed forces are a weapon of last resort, not the state’s tool of first recourse and say it should be used only as an interim measure. “Governments need not be criticised for employing the military’s multiple organisational skills as early responders as a stopgap measure until administrative gaps are suitably overcome,” says Lt Gen. Syed Ata Hasnain, ex-military secretary and now member, National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA).
“To marshal national resources on a war footing, the government should have activated the emergency laws such as the NDMA Act, Civil Defence Act, the Union War book, Defence of India Act, Epidemic Diseases Act etc. that authorises the mustering of not just doctors, paramedics and civil defence volunteers but also transportation, buildings and other essential services and facilities. They would have also placed restrictions on the general public in the national interest. Sadly, these were not drawn upon in a crisis of this scale,” says Col. D.P.K. Pillay (retired), research fellow at the Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (MP-IDSA). This is possibly an outcome of there being no pandemic planning within the government. The NDMA was set up after the 2004 tsunami to coordinate efforts to deal with a single incident like a flood, cyclone or gas leakage—and not for events such as a pandemic. The National Health Policy of 2017 does not even mention the possibility of an epidemic. Experts say the military could be used more effectively in creating mechanisms to tackle future waves of the pandemic or other such cataclysmic events which call for multiple arms of the government to coordinate relief and response.
Such a framework could create policy guidelines for integrating ministries like home, PMO, surface transport and civil aviation to coordinate strategies for everything, including moving people and relief material across the country. The once-in-a-century crisis could become an opportunity for building structures to tackle other such nationwide health emergencies without excessively relying on the armed forces.
Read India Today magazine by downloading the latest issue: https://www.indiatoday.com/emag | <urn:uuid:4082a1ac-eb3c-4248-91b9-2d1a5fb68bdf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20210524-the-strained-forces-the-indian-army-steps-up-in-the-fight-against-the-virus-but-guarding-a-hostile-border-might-limit-what-they-can-do-1802458-2021-05-14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959267 | 2,067 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Liberty University Econ213 Problem Set 4 complete solutions correct answers key
Problem Set 4 is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) onFridayof Module/Week 8.
1.Monopolies can sometimes find themselves in difficult financial situations that lead to losses. Suppose Mr. Burns power company has a monopoly for providing electricity in Springfield. His costs of upkeep are so high that he is consistently losing money.
a.)Show this outcome in a completely labeled graph. Clearly identify all parts of your graph including the best price and output for the firm as well as the losses.
Now answer the following:
b.)What happens to the market output when Mr. Burns raises the price he charges?
c.)Will this stop his losses? Why or why not?
2.Assume the following game is played one time only. Based on the information in the payoff matrix below PNC Bank and Citizens Bank are considering an implicit collusive agreement on interest rates. Payoffs to the two firms are represented in terms of profits in thousands of dollars.
Citizens BankCollude: Raise RatesDefect: Keep Rates Where They ArePNCCollude: Raise Rates
(900 600)(700 800)Defect: Keep Rates Where They Are(1100 300)(800 400)
a.)Does PNC have a dominant strategy? What is it?
b.)Does Citizens have a dominant strategy? What is it?
c.)Does the result of your answer change if the game is played an infinite number of times? Why or why not? Properly use game theoretic terminology in your answer.
3.What is the profit-maximizing output of the monopolist shown below? ___________
What price do they set? _______________________
What is the monopolists markup over the competitive price? ________________
Why will this price not fall?
4.Levis has an advertising slogan: Quality never goes out of style. Consumers can buy other kinds of jeans including off-brands. The manufacturers of off-brand or generic jeans do not advertise. Assume that the average total cost of producing Levis and generic jeans is the same.
a.)Create a graph showing the price (labeled as P1) that Levis changes. Also identify the markup.
b.)How does Levis advertising affect their profits?
c.)Do Levis or the generic producers have a stronger incentive to maintain quality control? Why? | <urn:uuid:1642cd70-eed9-4c2d-8282-84956ba92a81> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://helpdomyclasshomework.com/econ-213-problem-set-4/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.915894 | 504 | 3.21875 | 3 |
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Your donation will assist us in providing these programs to more young people across Australia. Please email [email protected] if you have any questions. | <urn:uuid:476c8b3b-1c32-4351-99a9-5ebf72688e04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ruleoflaw.org.au/donations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.955326 | 471 | 1.695313 | 2 |
19. The Peterloo Massacre resulted from demands for voting reform
During the Regency period, less than 12% of adult British males held the right to vote. In the rapidly industrializing north, the percentage was considerably lower. Coupled with economic downturns, rising food costs (largely caused by the Corn Laws, which artificially increased the price of grain), and lack of employment, pressures rose for Parliament to reform voting rights. In 1817 a petition bearing over 750,000 signatures arguing for reforms received a flat rejection. In 1819 reform leaders attempted to increase the pressure on local magistrates to in turn pressure Parliament. They organized large crowds to demonstrate. The crowds became mobs after magistrates moved to arrest their leaders.
At St. Peters Field in Manchester, in August 1819, the magistrates called on the 15th Hussars Cavalry to disperse a crowd of an estimated 60,000 men, women, and children. The Hussars charged the crowd with drawn sabers, leading to the deaths of up to 19, and injuries to possibly as many as 700. Most injuries went unreported, lest they lead to arrest. The Manchester Observer labeled the tragedy the Peterloo Massacre, in a nod to the cavalry charges at the Battle of Waterloo. In response, Parliament passed a series of measures known as the Six Acts. Rather than addressing voting reform, they instead aimed at preventing such gatherings of protestors. Several leaders of the protest were arrested, tried and imprisoned, others went to the penal colonies. In the aftermath, the Prince Regent thanked the magistrates, Yeomanry, and the army for its “preservation of the public peace”.
20. The Prince Regent spent a fortune to celebrate his own coronation in 1820
George III died on January 29, 1820. George Augustus ascended to his late father’s throne, as King George IV, though there was little change in his powers. At fifty-seven years of age, the new King was markedly obese, suffered from gout and cataracts, and was considered with contempt by most of his subjects. During the last years of the Regency, he took laudanum to ease the pain of his gout, which likely affected his judgment. Undeterred by public perception and protests from some in Parliament, he planned a lavish coronation. Upon learning that his wife returned to Britain, intent on claiming her role as Queen consort, he refused to acknowledge her. Instead, he commanded her name and title removed from the Book of Common Prayer.
His coronation, which he took a large interest in planning, occurred on July 19, 1821. It was the most lavish and expensive coronation in British history at the time. He spent the equivalent of over £22,000,000 in today’s money to celebrate his new rank. His father’s coronation had cost less than a twentieth of that amount. Before the coronation, George IV made one more attempt to rid himself of his wife through divorce. At his urging, friends in the House of Lords introduced and passed legislation allowing him to divorce. Popular outrage forced the House of Commons to fail to act, and it was withdrawn. Nonetheless, George prevented Caroline from attending the coronation at Westminster Abbey. She died less than three weeks later from a sudden illness, believing herself to have been poisoned.
21. The Duke of Wellington left a record of the King’s breakfast habits
In 1830, near the end of the reign of George IV, the Duke of Wellington attended him at breakfast. Wellington recorded the King consuming an entire pigeon and beef pie, as well as “three parts of a bottle of Mozelle, a Glass of Dry Champagne, two Glasses of Port…a Glass of Brandy”. The Duke also reported the King followed his breakfast with a large amount of laudanum. This while under the daily attendance of doctors. He grew more withdrawn than ever from the affairs of government, spending most of his time at Windsor Castle. A senior attendant to the King wrote in his diary, “A more contemptible, cowardly, selfish, unfeeling dog does not exist…”
As he grew aware of the nearness of his own end, George adopted religion. He confessed his repentance, and informed an archdeacon of his belief the Almighty would judge him for always doing his best for his subjects. He died on June 26, 1830, and was buried at Windsor Castle. His brother succeeded him as William IV. William died with no surviving legitimate children, though eight of his illegitimate children outlived him (he had ten known with a famous actress of the day). Upon his death, the throne was passed to his niece.
Possibly the most consequential event of British history to occur during the Regency, Princess Alexandrina was born on May 24, 1819. The daughter of Prince Edward, brother of George Augustus, then Prince Regent, she ascended to the throne in 1837 as Queen Victoria. Victoria used her considerable popularity to influence the governing of her subjects, though she did so privately and with discretion. Publicly she became a symbol of a morality which had been absent from the monarchy for many years.
Victoria was just 18 years of age when she became Queen. In 1840 she survived an assassination attempt, which restored her then lagging popularity. She later survived, uninjured, additional attempts on her life. Her nine children’s descendants became many of the crowned heads of Europe, including the German Kaiser and the Russian Tsar. She reigned longer than any other British monarch until surpassed by Queen Elizabeth II, her great-great-granddaughter. Victoria used her monarchy and large family to exhibit moral virtues and self-control, avoiding the scandalous behavior of her uncle George Augustus during the Regency Era.
Where do we find this stuff? Here are our sources: | <urn:uuid:6b3164bd-517b-4fb9-b68d-e3752a2127d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://historycollection.com/the-regency-era-splendid-facts-about-pop-cultures-favorite-period/19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.985656 | 1,201 | 3.828125 | 4 |
Phytophotodermatitis is caused by deposition of photosensitising compounds on the skin followed by ultraviolet exposure. We present an unusual case of a 29-year-old Australian male visiting Greenland who presented with severe itchy bullous eruption on his hands. The cause was a combination of exposure to lime fruit juice and prolonged sun exposure from the Arctic midnight sun.
- global health
- travel medicine
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Contributors All authors have contributed to the manuscript and fulfill the Vancouver criteria for authorship. BK and LP had the idea. BK did the data extraction and made the first draft of the manuscript. LP and JEFD critically revised the manuscript, and all authors agreed on the final version of the manuscript.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent Obtained.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. | <urn:uuid:9618c86d-fef5-437e-8b5b-b95967d2a684> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://casereports.bmj.com/content/2018/bcr-2018-225981 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.903667 | 292 | 2.015625 | 2 |
10 hours, 12 minutes
Fri, Aug 12 at 7:45 pm – Sat, Aug 13 at 5:56 am
Visible night of Aug 12 – Aug 13, 2022
|Mercury:||Until Fri 8:44 pm|
|Venus:||From Sat 4:22 am|
|Mars:||From Fri 11:52 pm|
|Jupiter:||From Fri 9:45 pm|
|Saturn:||From Fri 7:49 pm|
|Uranus:||From Fri 11:26 pm|
|Neptune:||From Fri 9:11 pm|
Tonight's Sky in Türkmenabat, Aug 12 – Aug 13, 2022 (7 planets visible)
Mercury rise and set in Türkmenabat
Try after sunset.
Mercury sets shortly after sunset, so it is very close to the horizon. This makes it very difficult to observe.
Fri, Aug 12 ↓8:44 pm
Venus rise and set in Türkmenabat
View just before sunrise.
Venus is close to the Sun and can only be seen shortly before sunrise. Try finding a good, unobstructed view of the horizon. Venus is visible by day, but may be hard to find.
Sat, Aug 13 ↑4:22 am
Mars rise and set in Türkmenabat
View before sunrise.
Mars can best be seen in the hours just before sunrise. Visibility deteriorates as the sky gets brighter.
Fri, Aug 12 ↑11:52 pm
Jupiter rise and set in Türkmenabat
View in the early morning.
Jupiter can be seen for more than 8 hours during the late night/early morning and until sunrise.
Fri, Aug 12 ↑9:45 pm
Saturn rise and set in Türkmenabat
Up almost all night.
Saturn is roughly in the opposite direction of the Sun in the sky, and is, therefore, visible most of the night. This is the best time of the year to view the planet.
Fri, Aug 12 ↑7:49 pm
Uranus rise and set in Türkmenabat
View in the early morning. Bring binoculars.
Uranus can be seen for more than 6 hours during the late night/early morning and until sunrise. You may need binoculars.
Fri, Aug 12 ↑11:26 pm
Neptune rise and set in Türkmenabat
Most of the night until sunrise. Use binoculars.
Neptune is visible during most of the night, but it is best viewed in the early morning hours and until sunrise. Very faint, use binoculars.
Fri, Aug 12 ↑9:11 pm
Planets Visible in Türkmenabat
|Planetrise/Planetset, Sat, Aug 13, 2022|
|Mercury||Fri 7:52 am||Fri 8:44 pm||Fri 2:19 pm||Difficult to see|
|Venus||Sat 4:22 am||Sat 6:48 pm||Sat 11:35 am||Fairly good visibility|
|Mars||Fri 11:52 pm||Sat 1:57 pm||Sat 6:54 am||Average visibility|
|Jupiter||Fri 9:45 pm||Sat 10:01 am||Sat 3:53 am||Perfect visibility|
|Saturn||Fri 7:49 pm||Sat 6:10 am||Sat 1:00 am||Perfect visibility|
|Uranus||Fri 11:26 pm||Sat 1:25 pm||Sat 6:25 am||Average visibility|
|Neptune||Fri 9:11 pm||Sat 8:55 am||Sat 3:03 am||Difficult to see| | <urn:uuid:804f397d-9fe8-4c49-b360-3f33a6acf328> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/night/turkmenistan/turkmenabat | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.802314 | 908 | 2.109375 | 2 |
When a tooth requires repair or is in danger of developing oral health complications, we may recommend a dental restoration. How do you know when you need a restoration? There are a number of different warning signs you should be aware of. Ignoring the warning signs of trouble can increase the risk of infection or even tooth loss.
Frequently Asked Questions About Restorations
Question: Does a toothache mean I need treatment?
Answer: In some cases, yes. While a variety of factors can lead to an aching tooth, such as a sinus infection, many times pain is a warning sign of decay. Your tooth can develop a cavity as a result of poor oral hygiene weakening tooth enamel or because the tooth became cracked or chipped. We suggest seeing the dentist if you notice a toothache that doesn’t subside.
Question: How does a filling work?
Answer: A filling works by targeting the specific area of decay. After removing the presence of decay we apply a metal-free composite resin. We cure the material under a light and then polish it for a more lifelike appearance.
Question: When does a patient need a root canal?
Answer: Should a tooth develop an infection then we may suggest a root canal. This restorative treatment allows the doctor to remove the infection. We complete the procedure by placing a natural looking dental crown on the tooth.
Question: When do you recommend a crown?
Answer: If a tooth develops decay that requires more than a filling or becomes broken/fractured, we may place a crown. We also have inlays and onlays, which are restorations that target specific areas of the teeth, such as between the cusps or on them.
To learn more, schedule a consultation online, or call Dr. Engelberg in Arlington Heights Illinois today at (847) 230-9703. | <urn:uuid:8939f6d1-9d39-4d78-8199-a0b9a0014a4e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ahsmiles.com/2016/10/07/how-to-know-when-you-need-a-restoration/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.914621 | 387 | 2.125 | 2 |
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May 17, 2021
Co-sleeping is the practice where the child sleeps in bed with his parents. Not surprisingly, it is one of the most hotly debated and controversial topics related to pediatric sleep.
Let’s see why.
Some people argue that co-sleeping is the right and natural way to raise a child because the practice fosters a stronger bond and a more secure attachment.
Conversely, others will tell you that co-sleeping is risky, ridiculous, or even dangerous and they don’t want it for their family.
So, which approach holds the truth?
First, it’s important to understand that co-sleeping is not magic. Although some proponents of the family bed would disagree, numerous couples have reported that their babies did not necessarily sleep deeper or longer because their parents were close by. In fact, some parents found that their child slept longer and woke less frequently when they stopped co-sleeping and moved him into his own crib.
However, whether families choose to co-sleep or have their children sleep independently is a personal decision, and if both parents and child are safe, rested, and fulfilled, then co-sleeping is nothing to worry about.
If you decide do co-sleep, this commitment requires some very careful thinking about what you and your spouse feel is right for you as individuals, as a couple, and as a family.
Ask yourselves the following questions:
• Is it nice to think about enjoying the coziness of sleeping in close proximity, or does one or more of us tend to stay active during sleeping – potentially disrupting the others?
• Does everyone in our family want to co-sleep, or are we leaning toward it because one of us feels strongly?
• Are we willing to commit to being quiet after our child falls asleep, or do we like to watch TV or talk in bed?
• Will we enjoy being able to feed our baby more often throughout the night, or will having him next to us make it tougher to wean nighttime feeds?
• Are we agreeable to getting into bed when our child does, to ensure his safety?
• For working parents, does sleeping next to our child allow us to feel more connected to him?
As expected, co-sleeping has both advantages and disadvantages.
Let’s take a closer look at them.
• Constant closeness whenever the child is awake. Many children and parents enjoy this feeling.
• Immediate action and support for any sleep-related problem
• The ability to nurse and respond to other nighttime wakings without getting up
• More time to spend with the child
• Possibly better sleep for both the child and the parents, if the child was sleeping poorly to begin with
• Parents may sleep poorly if their children are restless sleepers
• Parents may end up sleeping in separate rooms, and they may become angry at their child or with each other
• Children’s and adults’ sleep cycles do not coincide
• Parents may have to go to bed at a very early hour with their children and be left with little time for their own evening activities
• Parents have little privacy
• There may be a slight increase in the risk to the infant from SIDS and related causes.
The decision to co-sleep should be yours, made by the parent – or parents – and based on your own personal philosophies, not on pressure from your child or anyone else.
Another family’s good or bad experience with co-sleeping should not influence your decision: your child is unique and your family is not the same.
Comments will be approved before showing up. | <urn:uuid:737eeed3-d52d-4ba1-afce-6d81838d2263> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.justformama.com/blogs/new/co-sleeping | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974286 | 772 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Train operator Virgin Trains has signed the Time to Change pledge, committing to invest over £700,000 a year to improve the mental and physical wellbeing of its employees.
As part of the pledge, Virgin Trains has committed to educating more than 3,000 employees in how to recognise mental health issues in both colleagues and customers, including offering mental health first aid courses and appointing mental health champions.
Time to Change is an initiative by charities Mind and Rethink Mental Illness, which focuses on supporting mental health. The campaign aims to improve public attitudes towards mental ill health via training, and by encouraging more individuals and businesses to talk about mental health.
As part of its commitment to the campaign, Virgin Trains has appointed two mental health champions from its board of directors. This is to ensure there is continued senior leader buy-in to support mental health issues, and so that the champions can advocate policies and agendas around mental health at board level.
Virgin Trains will also provide mental health first aid courses for all managers in order to better equip them to support team members who may have mental health problems. The organisation is looking to roll out the training courses to all employees in the future.
Virgin Trains celebrated becoming a signatory of the initiative by naming a train after the campaign.
Clare Burles, people director and executive mental health champion at Virgin Trains on the east coast, said: “We’re very proud to be making a public pledge to improve mental health in our business.
“At Virgin Trains we take the wellbeing of our employees and the customers who travel with us very seriously. That’s why […] we’ve created an entirely in-house health and wellbeing team, whose focus is on improving the mental wellbeing of our employees as well as their physical fitness for work.
“Our commitment to working with Time to Change underlines the importance of mental health not only for our own people but the rail industry as a whole. We’re proud to be leading the way.” | <urn:uuid:1c5c6599-2c56-4222-acd2-dede5842a051> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.employeebenefits.co.uk/issues/june-online-2017/virgin-trains-invest-700000-improve-mental-wellbeing-staff/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.966139 | 417 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Plymouth gathers for Pearl Harbor remembrance
Members of local veterans groups gathered in Plymouth on Monday to remember the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and honor the Americans who fought there — and all who served the U.S. in uniform, especially during World War II.
The Pearl Harbor Day remembrance, 74 years after the surprise attack on a U.S. Navy base, which brought the U.S. into the war, was held at Plymouth Community Veterans Memorial Park. Members of Veterans of Foreign Wars Post 6695, Vietnam Veterans of America Chapter 528 and American Legion Post 391 were joined by family members, friends and local elected officials.
The Pearl Harbor attack, on a Sunday morning, sunk or damaged 21 ships and caused some 3,700 U.S. casualties, including more than 2,400 killed. The sinking of the U.S.S. Arizona alone took 1,117 lives, said Dennis Bielskis, past commander of VFW Post 6695 and the master of ceremonies Monday.
“It pushed the United States public opinion from complacency and isolationism to an acceptance,” Bielskis told the crowd. “War was unavoidable. Our freedom was threatened.”
The brief ceremony included a short speech by Deborah Davis, of the Ann Cochrane chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution; prayers by Don Dignan, of VVA Chapter 528; the laying of wreaths at the park’s war monuments; and a rifle salute by an honor guard from VVA Chapter 528.
Two Navy veterans of World War II, Charles Minthorn and Charles Cone, were recognized.
For Bielskis and Dignan, the cost of freedom was a major theme.
“Freedom comes at a tremendous price and it is for us, the living, to stand against all enemies,” said Dignan in his closing prayer.
“Don’t let your children or grandchildren ever forget that freedom is not free, that we respect and cherish freedom, patriotism, sacrifice,” said Bielskis.
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On Friday 20th September from 10am-4.30pmV&A Dundee are hosting a FREE all day event inspired by the First World War. This joint Scottish Centre for Comic Studies and Great War Dundee (GWD) event pulls together many of the threads of the GWD projects that have taken place since 2014, and commemorates the GWD project officially drawing to a close. The event will cover topics such as the presentation of the First World War in comics and games, and attendees will get an opportunity to develop their own comic strips.
The Great War Dundee comic will also be launched at the event. The comic contains a story written by legendary comics creator Pat Mills, who worked at DC Thomson before creating the hugely successful British science fiction comic 2000AD. In the 1970s Pat Mills started work on one of the most acclaimed war comics of all time, Charley’s War. The artist for the ‘Ragtime Soldier’ story is Gary Welsh, one of the University of Dundee’s recent graduates. The other strips included in the comic are ‘The Women’s Toon’, written by Erin Keepers and Hailey Austin, with art by 2000AD artist Anna Morozova, and ‘Casualties of War’, written by Calum Laird and drawn by Elliot Balson. All these creators are graduates of the comics programme in Dundee. Ian Kennedy provides the cover artwork.
Laydeez Do Comics Dundeewill be hosting an event to celebrate the women of Commando Comics on Friday5 July from 6-8pm. We will kick the evening off with former Commando editor Calum Laird speaking about the history of Commando and the women involved. Then we will have a panel of the first women to write for Commando in 30 years – Hailey Austin, Georgia Standen Battle, and Kate Dewar – to give an inside look at Commando and talk about their experiences as women in comics.
We will be back at the Dundee Comics Creative Space, Unit 10 in The Vision Building.
And just a heads up – we still have some of the beautiful totes and dishtowels from LDC headquarters. So if you want one before they go, don’t forget to bring cash with you.
This promises to be an unforgettable night of daring pilots, train explosions, risky military operations, and laydeez doing comics!
For more information about the event or Laydeez Do Comics Dundee and to RSVP, go to our Facebook or eventbrite page. | <urn:uuid:16d3691f-6e80-48e0-8b03-f86324c63143> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dundeecomicscreativespace.com/tag/hailey-austin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947307 | 527 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Last updated 8 years ago
What do you think about Expectation?
whats moments which need to expectation and whats moments which didn't need to expectation ?
Cause when watch players in champion they are going to ahead the ball before he hit it
Could please answer by video
And sorry cause maybe my language English not good cause I m from Saudia arabia
And thank you so much Alois and Jeff
I think it is important to follow the ball. It is difficult to predict where the ball is going unless you can see it. As you get better you also get clues from the movements on the players body before they hit the ball. This is something that you get from experience.
We have a video response on this. Anticipation or just purely super footwork.
Become a free member to post a comment about this question. | <urn:uuid:13208692-ea52-4309-87c3-91c9baa12559> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pingskills.com/table-tennis-forum/what-is-your-think-about-expectation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.96691 | 184 | 1.640625 | 2 |
It is sometimes reported that the veneration of images, as it exists amongst the Orthodox and Catholic Churches of Kerala, India, is a by-product of Roman Catholic and/or Syriac Orthodox influence during the post-Diamper period. It is further argued by Protestant apologists that these foreign influences were contrary to the original faith of the Malankara (Indian) Christians, and constitute an idolatrous modification of the faith. Most arguments pertaining to this “foreign influence theory” lack cogency and intellectual depth, instead appealing to various unsubstantiated myths (e.g., the so-called “purity” of the original Malankara Church, where purity is a euphemism that is taken to imply anything acceptable to “low Church” evangelical Protestantism).
The best arguments in favor of the “foreign influence theory” appeal to the common origin of all Syriac Churches in Malankara from the (East Syriac) Church of the East. The argument then runs like this:
The veracity of point (1) is well-supported by the available literary evidence : the “original” Malankara Church (where by original we mean pre-Diamper, and before the split of the Church of the East in the 15th century) was certainly of the Church of the East. However, what about point (2)?:
On the surface, it does seem that (2) *may* be true. Protestant missionaries who visited the East Syriac Christians in the Middle East during the 19th century do seem to have reported that the churches they saw did not use icons or images. Visiting an Assyrian church today yields a similar result. However, such sparse sampling does not constitute proof—especially when one considers the strong influence that might have been exerted on the isolated East Syriac Church in the Middle East by the dominant Islamic culture which was opposed to the use of images of human forms, especially in places of worship.
The dearth of scholarly literature on this topic certainly does not help one make a positive or negative statement with any degree of certainty, either. Moreover, although East Syriac Christianity (at least, that part not in communion with Rome) does not—today—use images, one can not paint the entire Syriac Church in the same manner: the West Syriac Church most certainly does make use of images and icons. Further, as the history of the Mandylion shows, iconography was not rejected by the nascent Syriac Church that predated the “Nestorian” and “Chalcedonian” controversies. Hence, one can not dismiss the current use of iconography in the current Orthodox and Catholic Syriac Churches as being merely due to Byzantine or Roman influence.M
Fortunately, a new piece of scholarship by H. Teule sheds some light on the matter. Since the original source article may not be easily accessible, this review seeks to bring out some of the salient points and, perhaps more importantly, the source material that Teule uses to show that in antiquity during the heyday of the Church of the East, the East Syriac Church certainly did employ iconography and images and, in general, did not condemn their veneration.
Teule first discusses the reports of Asahel Grant, Horatio Southgate, and G.P. Badger, Protestant missionaries who visited the Church of the East in the 19th century:
Southgate’s Grant’s and Badger’s observations concerning the absence of icons were undoubtedly correct for the 19th century modest churches in the Hakkari mountains of Eastern Turkey or the region around Urmia, the lands where they exerted most of their missionary activity, and any modern visitor of an Assyrian Church will agree with them that also in the present time the decoration of the Assyrian Churches is extremely sober.
He then discusses the pastoral letter of the Uniate Chaldean Patriarch Abdiso I Khayyath (1895-1898) defending the veneration of the Holy Cross and of images of Christ and the saints. The letter intended to convince the Chaldean Christians that the veneration of icons was not a Chaldean innovation born of Roman influence, and was not idolatry as the Protestant missionaries contended “but was based on the age old, venerable traditions of the Church of the East, the Mother Church of the Chaldeans.”:
Teule’s article then provides “an inventory of the East Syrian theological and historical texts, written in the Middle East, the heartland of East Syriac Christianity, which in different ways testifies to the veneration of icons until the 14th century by members of the Church of the East.” Teule gives a critical assessment of the following sources, including two negative treatises against icon veneration in his survey.:
Next, one brings (on the altar) all the sacred objects necessary for the Holy Mysteries: the paten, the chalices, fans and the “icon above”, the stores, the veils of the chalice, the oravia and the vestments of the altar, except the cross and the book of the gospel.
Teule admits that it is not easy to determine the exact meaning of the “icon above”—yuqna da-l’el—but he positively refutes that this was a later Chaldean Catholic innovation since this is also found in the Taksa d-kahne of the non-Roman Church of the East.
9. Hunayn b. Ishaq
Patriarch Theodosius articulates the East Syriac attitude towards icons, when he explains to al-Mutawakkil that, when an educated person spits on an icon, he deserves to be punished since “he does not spit on the image but on Christ and Mary”. Apparently he believes that icons are instruments of the “real presence” of Christ or the Saints, which therefore are worthy of respect and veneration, an understanding that will be developed by later East Syriac theologians such as Iso-yahb bar Malkon.
10. Hasan bar bahlul:
Patriarch Khayyath even refers to the famous Syriac-Arabic Dictionary composed in the 10th cent by the East Syriac grammarian and lexicographer, Hasan bar Bahlul. Here we find user Praka (an idol’s shrine, temple) the following addition in Arabic: “a dome, and also the images of an idol or as we respect the image (sura) of Marta Maryam and other images.
11. Elias of Nisibis (against iconography):
12. Cathoclicos Elias II (1111-1131):
The Catholicos refutes the equivalence of icon veneration with idolatry, by illustrating it’s parallel purposes to the Muslim veneration of their Holy Scriptures; this is significant since the Muslims are rigorously against idolatry: That we venerate, kiss and honor them [icons, images] comes in the place of the honor, paid by our friends, the Muslims, to the copies of their Holy Scripture.:
13. Catholicos Denha:
Referring to a Church built by Denha in Arbela::
He built a Church in the citadel of Arbil … he spent an immeasurable amount of gold and silver and decorated it with beautiful things and images (surata).:
On reading further, Teule notes that for the East Syrians, images and icons functioned as biblia pauperum (i.e., the poor man’s book) for youngsters and illiterate peoples to understand the Scriptures.:
14. Catholicos Yahbalaha:
One night when he was sleeping, Mar Yahbalaha had a dream as if he entered a big Church. And in this Church, there were images (surata) of saints and among them a cross.:
15. Iso-yahb bar Malkon:
16. Saliba ibm Yuhanna:
17. Abdiso bar Brikha (negative):
After [the fourteenth century] there is a long period of silence until, in the 19th century, some East Syrians expressed themselves again on the issue of the veneration of icons, but this time only to condemn it … It is not easy to give a satisfactory explanation for this long period of silence … Most probably the conditions of extreme poverty, isolation, absence of schools, remoteness from the great centers of learning and, after the 16th century, the bad position of the Middle East in general under Ottoman domination, were important factors.
For the period before the 14th century we can formulate the following conclusions:
Teule’s work is a welcome addition to the discussion of icon veneration in Christianity, since this issue is often amplified beyond its worth to paint icon-friendly Churches as being idolatrous and contrary to the “original” precepts of Christianity. Protestant apologists desiring an eastern example of quasi-Protestantism have often held the Church of the East to be demonstrative of the alleged similarly of Protestantism to primitive Christianity. Of course, recent scholarship into the doctrines and practices of the Church of the East, and the other Oriental Churches in general, show that no such similarly exists at any level of depth. With Teule’s work we have an excellent survey providing ample evidence of the antiquity of icon veneration in the East Syriac tradition. The general importance of iconography in the ancient Christian traditions—Eastern/Oriental Orthodoxy, Catholicism and the Church of the East—is clear.
It is beyond the scope of this article to discuss the various claims concerning the Church of the East’s influence in India before Diamper. It is sufficient to say that (1) all the available evidence on the matter points solely to the ancient connection between the Church of the East and Kerala, and (2) there is no evidence of the connection of Malabar with other Christian traditions prior to the 14th century. We refer the reader to the Srite project, http://www.srite.de/, a scholarly endeavor headed by Dr. Istvan Perczel. This perhaps stands as the clearest, and least biased, exposition of the available literary proof concerning this very contentious topic.
Herman Teule, “The Veneration of Images in the East Syriac Tradition,” in Die Welt der Götterbilder, pp. 324–346.
By Carla Newbern Thomas, MD.
(Editor’s Note: Here we present a review on a beautiful spiritual masterpiece written by a Harvard-educated physician whom God called to prescribe medications for physical ailments. This noble lady, whom this editor personally knows as a deeply committed orthodox Christian, has now decided to offer another kind of prescription, the Prescription of Repentance before anyone starts with drug therapy. Our reviewer is Fr. Alexander Lukashonok, the Assistant pastor at Sts. Peter and Paul Greek Orthodox Church at Glenview, Illinois, U.S.A.)
When dealing with a small “book” or pamphlet, it is easy to pass it off as simple and cursory, not giving it serious attention. However, when a small work is packed with great information and has a precise direction, it is a literary work with great impact; and when it is filled with pearls of wisdom, it is a treasure. Dr. Thomas has compiled a short and lucid work with the aim of teaching and expounding upon the Gospel Message, “Repent for the Kingdom of God is at hand.” She gathers the Wisdom of the Church from many sources, the Holy Scriptures, the Liturgical hymns/texts and Church Fathers, ancient and recent, into a cohesive study for spiritual growth.
She connects the Gospel message of Repentance with the health of an individual, “real” health, the condition of the soul, or in other words, the matter of the heart. Can souls be sick? Can the heart be dirty, and polluted? If so, then what is the remedy? How can a man and a woman grow perfect, exchanging evil ideas and acts, or habits, for Wisdom, knowledge and God-pleasing actions? Reading this book, the reader will learn that repentance is a crucible, at times difficult, maybe painful, which everyone has need to go through, in order to be cleansed and become perfect. It is the work of a Christian, therapeutic action, which the Scriptures describe as God’s call “to come and follow ME,” and more specifically, as “denying oneself, picking up your cross, and following [Jesus Christ]” At the beginning of the Gospels, is St John the Baptist, a voice crying in the wilderness, “Repent for the Kingdom of the Heavens is at hand.” (Mat. 3.2) Jesus Christ Himself will also begin with this same message (Mat. 4.17), therefore, it would follow that repentance lies at the very beginning of the Christian life. Yet, how often is it forgotten about, whether it is skipped in the conversion process of being re-born, or whether it has been skipped by Christians baptized in childhood, both who proceed to assume the position of Christian entitlement, expecting all of God’s blessings.
When speaking about the spiritual life, and a healthy heart, it is good to remember that it is only the Lord God who is able to truly know man. It is the Creator who sees into the hearts of men, and knows his inner thoughts and motives. In the Holy Scriptures, when picking King David to be his servant, a man who was strong and handsome, it is written that God looks at the hearts of men and not their appearances. Therefore, do not be quick to judge anyone, whether they are extremely beautiful or not, whether they have full abilities or be handicapped, physically healthy or sick and diseased. Dr. Thomas underlines St John’s metaphor of the Church as a hospital for the sick, for which all have need and are welcome.
This little book is bound to have a big impact on men and women, as non-Christians begin to seek a holistic approach to healthcare, a desire to become whole beings. To be physically healthy is already valued and sought after, but a healthy body, with a dirty and sick soul (heart) is only a partial understanding of one’s self, an incomplete view of the world. Healthcare which neglects the soul leaves a beautiful shell, with a huge emptiness inside. This emptiness is a soul waiting to be filled with Divine light. It is a soul thirsting to drink from the Source of Life, becoming strong and whole, with the ability to conquer this world. Taking in the Living Waters, which is in the terminology of the Church, being filled with the Holy Spirit, and becoming holy or perfect.
Dr. Thomas draws pearls of wisdom from the Tradition of the Church, the Record, if you will, of the Holy Spirit’s activity in the Church, connecting the earth with the heavens and supplying the light of knowledge to those who seek it. Having this great wealth of knowledge, Dr. Thomas uses it concisely to create a small literary work, which could be called a “small voice crying in the wilderness.” Just as St. John the Baptist with a simple, humble life, had a huge impact on the world because of his important message, so also this little book could have a great impact on our spiritual health because of its great message.
By John Garrard & Carol Garrard
Princeton Press 2008.
(Editor’s Note: We are honored to have been contacted by Princeton University Press to write a review on this book. Our scholarly readers have begun reading the book. We publish one review written by Rev. Father Alexander Lukashonok, M.Div., of Russian ancestry. We may publish other reviews as they come. As the reader may very well understand, we are committed to our Orthodox faith and tradition, and our reviewers definitely perceive the contentions of this book within their perspectives.)
This latest book from the team of John Garrard, a professor of Russian studies, and his wife, Carol Garrard, explores the role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the “new” Russia, the Russian Federation. In 1991, the Soviet Union finally collapsed after a failed last ditch effort of some communist hardliners to cease control of a quickly changing nation. In this dramatic event, filled with tanks poised at the government, the Church’s spiritual leader, Patriarch Alexey II emerged as a national leader. He is credited with averting a great deal of bloodshed, and securing the end of the atheistic and totalitarian state. Even greater, the Patriarch showed that the Russian people would heed his voice, demonstrating the significant role the Church would play in the rebuilding of Russia. The Garrards aim to understand the new Russia, by looking at this new influential component of Russian society, the Orthodox Church and Her spiritual leader Patriarch Alexey II.
The authors’ aim is admirable, to understand a nation by studying its past, taking into account historical events and cultural view points. Not many take this perspective in international relations, either assuming that foreign cultures are the same as their own, or too strange to understand. Garrard takes a nation not well understood in America, after all are Russians Europeans or are they part of Asia? Are they Easterners or part of the West? Garrard has done a lot of research, and a good job dredging up interesting historical incidents not very well known. For example, he cites a correspondence between Ivan Grozny and the Roman Pope, as well as other events between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Roman and Reform Churches. However, he does not use these events for accessing the Russian religious mind, and aiding in today’s interrelations, but seems to get lost from his intended purpose. Instead of a culturally sensitive study, he uses sarcasm and ridicules the Church, its beliefs, its leaders, and its celebrations. He writes a book made for movie, complete with power struggles, deception and manipulation, where everything and everyone has ulterior motives intended for deception and gain. For Garrard, this is the story of a big conspiracy between a Church and the Russian state. One would think that a scholar would have a healthy respect for his area of interest, interpreting events objectively, and not reading into them his own ideas, obtaining fodder for a self ignited fire. Ultimately, he fails to let the facts lead him to create a picture, but rather has a picture already in mind, with which he reads into every event. Unfortunately, he fails to understand the new Russian nation.
Garrard does not view the Orthodox Church, or Patriarch Alexey, as a positive moral presence in the new Russia, constantly, connecting both to Communism and the Soviet Union. It is as if they both now have to live with the stigma of its former persecutor, and are penalized for surviving, similar to a rape victim who is then ostracized. The Church lived in a constant state of emergency during Communism, never knowing when the end was near. In the Soviet Union the Church was the victim, surviving through wave after wave of persecution. Christians and their religious leaders especially were at the mercy of a totalitarian regime dedicated to atheism and the eradication of all people of faith. Churches were closed, or blown up, leaders were shot, and Christians dispersed. The Church went underground, and lost any place in society, and any voice among its citizens, even the right to teach or express the faith. Therefore, when the Soviet Union collapsed, the Church was finally freed, and slowly regained its role in rebuilding the morally bankrupt country. Patriarch Alexey emerged and spoke out, even before the total collapse, showing courage and wisdom. Even Garrard recognizes the role the Patriarch played in the Coup d’état, stating that he himself averted much bloodshed by his radio speech, albeit making fun of the Patriarch’s entreaty for the help of the Mother of God. A theme he’ll return to over and over again as a means employed by Alexey for consolidating power.
The time for rebuilding surely came and the Patriarch showed that the Church was going to be active in this transformation; after all, all Russia was responsible for it. The rebirth that has taken place in our lifetime is miraculous; as any transformation is miraculous. However, for the author, its only darkness to darkness, albeit, this time with a democratic face. Russia has shifted from one organization, the Party, to another the Church, without any real transformation of beliefs. He paints a picture where there is no change only manipulation, as influential people leave the Party and enter a different “party” filled with Church events (processions), and Holy Relics (St. Seraphim), and Icons (The Tikhvin Mother of God). Therefore, the Patriarch is, as the saying goes “once a KGB agent always a KBG agent,” with no understanding of what it meant to “cooperate with the authorities.” Did the citizens have a choice? What does it mean to be a communist? All citizens of the Soviet Union had to survive in a hostile environment, whether they believed in the system or not. If a Christian, Jew, or Moslem, then it was a struggle to survive, and had it even worse, they were in an all out battle, for subsistence, survival, for life itself. Maybe, a factory worker who answered the questions of a KGB interrogator, out of fear of reprisal, could also be considered a KGB informant. Such an intense and scary world, however, demands our understanding, especially as we learn to live with the many Russians, Ukrainians and Jews who have subsequently immigrated to the US. Are they all still communists? Some, maybe, but not all. Garrard frames up the Patriarch in this same picture, he must be a communist. It is well known, that any religious leader, Christian, Jewish, or Moslem would have had to agree to “cooperate with the authorities.” Therefore, whether Alexey was a real spy or not, may never be known, one could only guess by all of his actions.
Garrard looks for anything dark and manipulative in the Church and intimates ulterior motives to the return of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, which might have been there had he got the information correct. The miraculous Icon was returned by a priest of the Orthodox Church in America (OCA) and not ROCOR, as the author wrote. The OCA is an independent Church Body in America, unlike ROCOR who was in talks of reunification with the Russian Church. Garrard writes “the old magic worked again” to describes an historical and spiritual event in terms of manipulation and control. As an Orthodox Christian and a local Chicagoan, the city where the Icon had been located for over 40 years, I am familiar with the history and the constant desire of its return to Russia by prelates, long before the time of Alexey. The humble priest, and his family who had cared for the icon, had promised to give it back only after the rebirth and rededication of the Christian Church in Russia, and it had nothing to do with the politics of the day. Therefore, the truth is quite a different story but of very little use to the author in painting his picture.
Russians are coming to terms with the past, and quite honestly, an ugly past, filled with horrible events, the Patriarch aptly advised the medicine, “to reconcile ourselves to one another, to the truth and to God” (p. 204). Good spiritual advice on how to deal honestly with this ugly past, underscoring the place of truth, and the place of God in this healing process. Garrard fails to understand the Patriarch’s words, and twists them until he reaches his desired end. He quotes a famous theologian, dealing with a theological aspect of truth, and the limits of human rationale in pursuit of enlightenment, and turns it towards an idea that the Church is devoid of any concept of truth that would be “recognizable to the West. But this is language on another plane.” (p. 204). Garrard here totally discredits the Russian Church, depriving it of a forthright nature, filled with light and truth, but rather filled with falsehood, proving that he has no objective respect for a Christian Church. Without this respect, how can anyone treat a subject fairly?
Garrard will oftentimes treat Church practices with sarcasm and jeers. Granted for some in the West, under the influence of the Reformation, honoring and venerating the bones of the righteous may be foreign, yet it should be respected. Often, he describes the veneration of saints with mockery. He openly mocks and judges the actions of the Patriarch. On the occasion of the celebration of 850 years of the city of Moscow, Garrard openly accuses the Patriarch of using icons and worship services to manipulate and move his agenda (p. 91). In another place, Garrard facetiously “prophesies” that upon the death of the Patriarch that he will assuredly becalmed a “chudotvorets”[“wonderworker”] and that icons will be painted, making fun of the sanctity of the Church, and her saints, as well as of the patriarch himself.
Lastly, there is a theological bone of contention which demands attention that of the great Schism of 1054 between the Eastern and Western halves of the Church, today’s Roman Church and the Orthodox Church. Garrard tackles this problem with the surety of a theological scholar, stating that the whole problem stems from the conflicting claims of succession from the apostles. Garrard takes some of the rhetoric between a Tsar and a Pope in medieval times, and puts theological power behind it, ignoring any basic academic study on the subject. He attributes the sad split in the Church to the words of a proud tsar, who resenting Roman Catholic aggression in the Medieval times, illustrated the apostolic roots of the Russian Church. The tsar’s words proudly associate his Church with the Apostle Andrew, called “the first-called.” The Russian Church has apostolic succession through the missionary efforts of the Greek Orthodox Church, from the Baptism of Rus. Theologians, either in the Roman or Orthodox Churches do not even mention the argument of “who’s greater Andrew of Peter” as a cause of the schism, but for Garrard, the tsar’s words make for good drama.
All in all, there is a lot of information in this book. The author has done a lot of research into Russian and Russian Church history. Despite the fact that he puts his own slant on things, an attempt is made to judge current international events in light of a local history, culture, and religion. All three of which, cannot be easily dissected from any modern nation. As the West has been criticized for its ignorance of foreign cultures and the lack of this knowledge in its foreign policies, a book like this shows some progress. It is also refreshing to finally see some studies that attribute the Collapse of the Soviet Union, to anyone else other than Ronald Reagan, as if, Gorbachev, the Patriarch, the Church, the Russian people, all had nothing to do with it. Garrard does recognize many of the efforts of Patriarch Alexey, yet he stops at the point, where a “Saul” is no longer judged as such, but is recognized as the “Paul” that he has become. One of the Eastern saints has said, “it is not so important how a man starts his life, it matters how he ends his life.” | <urn:uuid:91fe1117-fb8e-41d5-a499-2df12d52042f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thevoiceoforthodoxy.com/book-reviews/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961409 | 5,823 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Ciaputa R., Nowak M., Kandefer-Gola M., et al.
The case of a 14-year-old mongrel dog with a thyroid tumor treated by thyreoidectomy is described. The resected tumor was subjected to a detailed morphological and immunohistochemical analysis utilizing antibodies directed against thyroglobulin, calcitonin, chromogranin A, cytokeratin 19, thyroid transcription factor-1, CD31, Ki-67 and minichromosome maintenance protein 3. Expression level of the above mentioned antigens allowed to characterize the resected tumor as thyroid follicular-compact carcinoma. Common application of immunohistochemistry may increase the diagnosis precision and efficacy of thyroid tumor treatment in dogs. | <urn:uuid:aebc60b5-1602-4f6b-9ec7-84c2b05a0c61> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://avmi.net/information/morphological-and-immunohistological-characteristics-of-follicular-compact-thyroid-carcinoma-in-dog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.862026 | 160 | 1.734375 | 2 |
For now, stem cells are used only in the treatment of joints, and they are not recommended for the treatment of soft tissues (tendons or muscles). Stem cell therapy is used:
- in treating the joint injuries of younger patients, reducing inflammation and accelerating the natural regeneration;
- stem cells help very effectively with initial arthrosis, where they are able to stop the inflammation and progression of arthrosis and establish appropriate conditions for limited regeneration;
- in advanced arthrosis, it may delay the need for surgical replacement of the decision for several years.
Mesenchymal stem cells in orthopaedics and particularly in the case of joints can greatly improve the patient's ability and condition. Cells can be isolated from the bone marrow or fat tissue. In addition to the long-term reduction in inflammation that these cells achieve by actively releasing growth factors (with other methods of biological treatment, only growth factors are delivered), stem cells can be differentiated into bone or cartilage tissue, and they also act by stimulating the surrounding tissue towards regeneration. Stem cells are usually injected once, which should be sufficient to relieve symptoms for few years, but they may be re-injected at a further deterioration. Stem cell removal takes place in local anaesthesia and, if necessary, in sedation. Stem cells are taken (aspirated) from the bone of the pelvic bone or tibia through the minimal invasive procedure, or from the fat tissue around the waist. Aspirate is centrifuged and injected sterile in the joint. The procedure is not painful, and it is done ambulatory as one-day procedure. After the application, rest is prescribed for a few days and the patient can begin with physical and sports activity after a few weeks.
Treatment is performed in the clinic MD Medicina in Ljubljana, in cooperation with Educell company. | <urn:uuid:829b5558-812e-4153-b763-f540d85d1fee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bisturmed.si/en/prp-theraphy/stem-cells | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.952362 | 389 | 2.75 | 3 |
The city council, museum officials, a journalist and some other locals, including translators, gave us a tour of the town – arranged by Deiter Haas, a local historian who had been in touch with my father.
The black wall plaque commemorates the synagogue, burned on Kristallnacht.
Meeting the mayor, Stefan Martus, Burgermeister of Philippsburg
City Council welcome
My father remembered that a statue was in a different place, a local confirmed that it had been moved.
While we were looking at it, this 96-year-old woman came out from a building across the street and said she remembered the synagogue, Kristallnacht, and Manfred’s grandparents, who lived next door to the synagogue, and said she had been their shabbos goy.
A plaque my father sponsored for the town museum. 21 Jews were deported; of the 6 that survived, 3 were my father and his two sisters.
The museum has rotating displays, they were highlighting 1938.
Deiter Haas, my parents, and Deiter’s wife. | <urn:uuid:e5cd0d13-a639-4863-bad6-24d8f86a8b44> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wildmannbirnbaum.com/philippsburg-2015/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.98371 | 225 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Angel Tree Program
Millions of children in America will go without Christmas gifts because their parents can’t afford them.
Financial and emotional stress dampen the Christmas cheer of families living in poverty.
The Salvation Army helps put new clothes and toys under the tree for 1 million children across the United States who usually have to go without Christmas gifts. Anonymous donors adopt these little “angels” in an expanding Christmas tradition that makes the season brighter for both the gift giver and receiver.
If you or your group (organization, club, church, business) would like to sponsor an Angel Tree or adopt an Angel in your community, please contact your local Salvation Army.
In many locations, The Salvation Army needs volunteers to help distribute the gifts along with food for holiday meals to the participating families. Often times, employees and family members of the sponsoring organization help distribute their group’s gifts throughout their community. Community volunteer and service groups; church groups and retired senior volunteer programs often aid The Salvation Army during the holidays and throughout the year, but more volunteers are always needed.
Do you need help this year providing your children with gifts?
Families are typically registered in the months of September, October and November. To learn more about dates and eligibility in your local community, click the link below. | <urn:uuid:2d486933-d982-40b2-a8f8-c965ca6afb24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://salvationarmyalm.org/holiday-assistance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948653 | 276 | 1.859375 | 2 |
FIRST NIAGARA FALLS BARREL SURVIVOR… 1901
Annie Edson Taylor, a widowed teacher from New York, became the first person to go over Niagara Falls in a barrel and live to tell the tale. Annie was struggling financially when she seized on the idea as a means to secure fame and fortune.
On October 24 1901, her 63rd birthday, Annie climbed into a crudely cushioned oaken barrel (see drawing below) and was set adrift upstream from a row boat. Less than 20 minutes later she was recovered from the bottom of the falls, bleeding from the head but otherwise unscathed.
▪️See Picture of her recovery below.
Annie lived another 20 years, dying in 1921, aged 82.
(The History Channel) | <urn:uuid:d5656ec6-323e-45b5-baf1-45586ed52151> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://peace-truth.com/first-niagara-falls-barrel-survivor-america/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.959703 | 164 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Fallopian tube obstruction is a major cause of female infertility. Blocked fallopian tubes are unable to let the ovum and the sperm converge, thus making fertilization impossible.
Fallopian tubes are female reproductive organs that connect the ovaries and the uterus. Every month during ovulation, which occurs roughly in the middle of a menstrual cycle, the fallopian tubes carry an egg from an ovary to the uterus. Conception also happens in the fallopian tube. If an egg is fertilized by sperm, it moves through the tube to the uterus for implantation.
If a fallopian tube is blocked, the passage for sperm to get to the eggs, as well as the path back to the uterus for the fertilized egg, is blocked. Common reasons for blocked fallopian tubes include scar tissue, infection, and pelvic adhesions.
SYMPTOMS OF BLOCKED FALLOPIAN TUBES
Blocked fallopian tubes don’t often cause symptoms. Many women don’t know they have blocked tubes until they try to get pregnant and have trouble.
In some cases, blocked fallopian tubes can lead to mild, regular pain on one side of the abdomen. This usually happens in a type of blockage called a hydrosalpinx. This is when a fluid fills and enlarges a blocked fallopian tube.
Conditions that can lead to a blocked fallopian tube can cause their own symptoms. For example, endometriosis often causes very painful and heavy periods and pelvic pain, and can increase your risk for blocked fallopian tubes.
EFFECT ON FERTILITY
Blocked fallopian tubes are a common cause of infertility. Sperm and egg meet in the fallopian tube for fertilization. A blocked tube can prevent them from joining.
If both tubes are fully blocked, pregnancy without treatment will be impossible. If the fallopian tubes are partially blocked, you can potentially get pregnant, but the risk of ectopic pregnancy increases. This is because it’s harder for a fertilized egg to move through a blockage to the uterus.
If only one fallopian tube is blocked, the blockage most likely won’t affect fertility because an egg can still travel through the unaffected fallopian tube.
CAUSES OF BLOCKED FALLOPIAN TUBES
Fallopian tubes are usually blocked by scar tissue or pelvic adhesions. These can be caused by many factors, including:
- Pelvic inflammatory disease.This disease can cause scarring or hydrosalpinx.
- Endometrial tissue can build up in the fallopian tubes and cause a blockage, or endometrial tissue on the outside of other organs can cause adhesions that block the fallopian tubes.
- Certain sexually transmitted infections.Chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause scarring and lead to pelvic inflammatory disease.
- Past ectopic pregnancy.This can scar the fallopian tubes.
- These growths can block the fallopian tube, particularly where they attach to the uterus.
- Past abdominal surgery.Past surgery, especially on the fallopian tubes themselves, can lead to pelvic adhesions that block the tubes.
You can’t prevent many causes of blocked fallopian tubes, but you can decrease your risk of sexual transmitted infections by practicing safe sex.
So, How Can I.A.& S. Wellness Centre Help Me Solve My Blocked Fallopian Tubes Problem?
The Best And Working Solution Is:
BLOCKED FALLOPIAN TUBES SOLUTION KITS
FOR MORE DETAILS ON OUR
BLOCKED FALLOPIAN TUBES TREATMENT
3rd Floor, 473, Lagos-Abeokuta Express Way, UBA Building, U-turn Bus Stop, Abule Egba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Mon – Friday (9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m.) Nigerian Time
Saturday (10.00 a.m. – 2.00 p.m.) Nigerian Time
Our Office is Close on Sunday but you can Whatsapp, Call, Email Us.
CALL: 08178871052 OR +234-8038690104
OTHER TREATMENT WE OFFER:
The following are some of the treatments we offer Alphabetically (A-Z):
- Abdominal pain Natural treatment
- Abnormal Vaginal bleeding Natural treatment
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(AIDS) natural treatment
- Adhesion natural treatment
- Amenorrhea Natural treatment
- Anemia natural treatment
- Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis Natural treatment
- Appendicitis Natural treatment without surgery
- Asthma Natural treatment
- Candidiasis Natural treatment
- Cancer Natural treatment
- Cervical Polyps Natural treatment
- Cholesterol Natural treatment
- Chlamydia Infection Natural treatment
- Fibroids Natural Treatment (without surgery)
- Female Infertility Natural treatment
- Fibrocystic Breast Natural Treatment
- Male infertility Natural treatment
- Menopause Natural treatment
- Mouth odor and Cancer Natural treatment
- Ovarian Cysts Natural Treatment
- Obesity Natural treatment
- PCOS (polycystic Ovary syndrome)Natural treatment
- Parkinson disease Natural Treatment
- Prostatitis Natural Cure
- Prostate Cancer Natural Treatment
- Polyps Natural Treatment
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Natural Treatment
- Sexually Transmitted Natural Treatment
- Stomach Yeast Infection Natural Treatment
- Toothache Natural Treatment
- Tuberculosis Natural Treatment
- Vericocele Natural Treatment (without surgery)
- Vaginitis Natural Treatment
- Vaginal Infection and Natural treatment etc | <urn:uuid:4bf64d7a-0dbb-4b7e-ac0f-f496d81d5ed3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://iaswellnesscentre.ng/fallopian-tubes-obstruction-and-its-natural-treatment-in-nigeria/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.867971 | 1,206 | 3.1875 | 3 |
How To Get Online Tutor For Any Subject At Any Time?
In order to get online tutors there are many websites. Though online learning systems, you can learn any subject. If you would like to complete your homework, you can utilize online tutoring programs. Acadsoc.com offers a wide range of services in this context. If you do not have sufficient time to complete your assignment you can get the help of a tutor through online. It is possible to get help for one or more hours based on your needs.
How to get help through Online?
In order to get help through you will not want to go through extensive browsing sessions. You can get your own tutor now by registering on acadsoc.com. The website is well organized. It coordinates the services of tutors and students in an efficient way.
As a student, you can get extensive help on a wide range of subjects. The subjects that are covered include Language, Math, Chemistry, Engineering and various other subjects. It is possible to organize a class instantly. After filling the online form, you will register for the service. You are required to provide accurate information so that the customer support team might contact you if there is any need to assist you.
After selecting your requirements, you can confirm your order through online payment. The order will be processed immediately. You will be attached to the tutor. You can schedule the lesson as per your needs. If you are satisfied with the tutor’s service, you can share the same with Acadsoc so that the same tutor will be attached to you, based on your request.
Benefits of Online Help
The online tutoring facilities will save you a lot of time. You can cut down the travel cost. The time that you save can be utilized in a productive way. When you do not have sufficient time to complete your assignment, you will complete the same by taking the help of a tutor. Thus, you can understand concepts without any doubts.
There will be one to one interaction with the tutor. You can ask doubts immediately. You will not feel shy to ask doubts as there will not be other students. Thus, you will be able to learn the subject quickly and better than a classroom environment. With clear insight on the subject, you can move on to higher studies.
If you feel difficulty in dealing with algebra or any other complex topics, you can take the help of online tutors. Tutors are well qualified and experienced to deal with different levels of students. The trainer will cover your syllabus without any difficulty. In order to complete your assignment, you can share your resources with the writer so that the assignment will be completed in the shortest possible time.
You can get your own tutor now by placing an order on the website, acadsoc.com. The services that you utilize through the website will not be shared with others. Your private information will be well protected. In order to make the most of the service, you should go through the guidelines posted on the website. If you go through the frequently asked questions, you will understand the ways to place an order. You will also come to know about the various services offered by the website so that you can make progress in studies without any issues.
As you get help through online, you will be confident enough to complete the assignment without any issues. You can learn subjects and skills from the comforts of your home. By utilizing the online tutoring service, it is possible to achieve growth to the full potential extent. You will get better grades and will be able to face entrance examinations without any fear.
TRP recognizes Chi Bun (Anson) Wong, co-founder of Acadsoc as a top professional in Online Private Tutoring Platforms. Acadsoc, an online tutoring platform, providing a variety of courses in language, academic subject and skills. E-Learning saves time and traffic cost. Instant 24/7 one-to-one class is designed for your needs. Top university tutors and money back guarantee provided. Start learning today with Acadsoc! | <urn:uuid:428e682a-d332-4cf0-9477-73d5a050511b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hararonline.com/how-to-get-online-tutor-for-any-subject-at-any-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.944242 | 830 | 1.5 | 2 |
If you have problems with your home or building and need to do something about them, you may want to consider hiring a professional building inspector. An inspector can help you find the problems, and they can tell you how to fix them. These are the reasons to hire a building inspector. If you are unsure what kind of problems you have or what needs to be fixed, you may want to fix them yourself. But if you are not a professional at fixing things, you may want to consider hiring one. Here are the reasons to hire a building inspector for your home.
These inspectors are specially trained to determine what is wrong with your home and what needs to be fixed. Many people want to save money by doing house repairs on their own, but it is usually better to spend the money on a building inspector instead. Usually, building inspectors are done with their inspections in a couple of days. Then you will usually get an inspection report within a couple of weeks, and then you will usually get the final report within about a month.
Since there are so many kinds of houses, buildings, apartments, etc., building inspectors are needed for each property type. If you are buying a new home, you will probably need an inspector for the appliances, the roof, the foundation, the electrical system, the plumbing, etc. If you are selling a home, you will need an inspector for the pest control, the water heater, the insulation, the leaks, etc. A general home inspection is often called a ” cursory” inspection since it usually checks the basics. But a building inspector looks at the big picture and determines the issues that need to be repaired or redone. It is much more important for a new home than it is for an existing home.
A building inspector can be very helpful when purchasing a home or selling a home. When purchasing a home, you don’t know what is going to happen. A good building inspector can help you to determine whether or not the home is in good condition and whether you should buy it or not. Also, when you sell a home, it can affect your insurance rate because it is a risk to take if there is a problem with the home.
Some building inspectors specialize in certain types of homes. For instance, there are building inspectors that only inspects residential homes, and they are hired for this type of job because it is their specialty area. However, if you need an inspection on a commercial building, you will probably need to hire a commercial building inspector. It is usually the case with offices, hotels, museums, government buildings, etc.
Building inspectors are usually required to complete a certificate program. A lot of times, they are also required to acquire the services of a mould specialist. Mould inspections are usually part of a building inspector’s portfolio. These inspectors will be licensed by the county in which they work. The certificate program will vary by state. Some states require that the inspectors also get a license for the inspections in other states, but most states only require that the building inspector get a license for their work state.
When looking to hire a building inspector, you should make sure that you hire someone who has experience. Hire someone who is licensed. Make sure that you hire someone who is bonded and someone who carries professional liability insurance. These are all things that will help ensure that your project is safe. | <urn:uuid:06be87c2-b0d8-4536-b11a-9243cb4bf447> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://reneawestlyn.com/building-inspector/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.969573 | 686 | 1.5 | 2 |
Prolotherapy vs. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
How to Cite
OrthoEvidence. Prolotherapy vs. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Plantar Fasciitis . ACE Report. 2022;197(1):1. Available from: https://myorthoevidence.com/AceReport/Report/14313
Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Prolotherapy Versus Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.J Foot Ankle Surg . Jan-Feb 2022;61(1):48-52.
Did you know you're eligible to earn 0.5 CME credits for reading this report? Click Here
Twenty nine patients with chronic plantar fasciitis were randomized to receive extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT, n=15) or dextrose prolotherapy (n=15). Outcomes of interest included pain measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and function measured with the Roles and Maudsley Scale score (RMS) and the Foot Function Index (FFI). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in pain a...
Continuing Medical Education Credits
You could be earning 0.5 CME credits for each report you read.LEARN MORE | <urn:uuid:5cba62e8-7bec-4f43-9b59-166f86f246b8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://myorthoevidence.com/AceReports/Report/14313 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.760311 | 282 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Most people lose as much as 1 qt (1 L) to 2 qt (2 L) of fluid during 1 hour of exercise. When you are not drinking enough fluids, your muscles get tired quickly, and you may have leg cramps while walking or running.
If you are an athlete, you can lose as much as 3 qt (3 L) of fluid an hour during an intense workout. Fluid loss in endurance activities such as distance running, cycling, strenuous hiking, or cross-country skiing can be severe. These types of activities can quickly lead to heat exhaustion.
In endurance athletes, dehydration can cause symptoms, called post-extreme endurance syndrome (PEES). Symptoms of PEES include decreased body temperature, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, muscle cramps, and an inability to drink fluids.
Distance runners and other endurance athletes are not the only ones to have problems with dehydration. Football, basketball, and hockey players all may lose large amounts of fluid during a game. High school and college wrestlers often decrease their fluid intake and promote excessive sweating before a match in order to "make weight."
To protect yourself from dehydration:
Drink plenty of water every day.
Take water with you when you exercise.
Avoid alcoholic drinks, which increase dehydration and make it hard to make good decisions.
Do not take salt tablets. Most people get plenty of salt in their diets. If you are worried about replacing minerals lost through sweating, use a sports drink.
Stop working outdoors or exercising if you become dizzy or lightheaded or you feel very tired.
It is important to protect yourself from dehydration in extremely hot or dry weather and at high elevations. Exercise early in the day or later in the evening when it is cooler.
Medical Review:William H. Blahd Jr. MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine & Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine | <urn:uuid:22fee8d7-0ae0-46b5-ab71-73108b854855> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.umcvc.org/health-library/sig56435 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947337 | 451 | 3.265625 | 3 |
A high-quality geography education should inspire in pupils a curiosity and fascination about the world and its people that will remain with them for the rest of their lives. Teaching should equip pupils with knowledge about diverse places, people, resources and natural and human environments, together with a deep understanding of the Earth’s key physical and human processes. As pupils progress, their growing knowledge about the world should help them to deepen their understanding of the interaction between physical and human processes, and of the formation and use of landscapes and environments.
Geographical knowledge, understanding and skills provide the frameworks and approaches that explain how the Earth’s features at different scales are shaped, interconnected and change over time.
Our aim at Launton CE Primary School is to encourage pupils to develop an appreciation and understanding of the world, initially building a secure physiological and social knowledge of the local community and subsequently developing and applying this to a wider range of regions, countries and continents of the world. Pupils will be taught to make links between these areas of learning, with the aim of developing engaged, motivated and curious learners that take an interest in the world around them.
Our Geography curriculum has been designed to cover all of the skills, knowledge and understanding as set out in the National Curriculum. The National Curriculum states that ‘as pupils progress, their growing knowledge about the world should help them to deepen their understanding of the interaction between physical and human processes, and of the formation and use of landscapes and environments.’
To ensure that pupils develop a secure knowledge that they can build on, our Geography curriculum is designed to competently cover the four main strands: Locational Knowledge; Place knowledge; Human and Physical Geography; Geographical Skills and Fieldwork. When covering each of these strands, the content will be carefully sequenced and covered unambiguously by each year group; staff will model explicitly the subject-specific vocabulary and skills relevant to the unit.
Curriculum Implementation Plans
Geography assessment is ongoing to inform teachers with their planning lesson activities and differentiation. Summative assessment is completed at the end of each topic where geography objectives have been covered; an objective tracker is used to inform leaders of school improvements or skills that need to be further enhanced. Pupil voice is also used to enable leaders to assess the impact of the Geography curriculum and whether pupils know more and remember more Geography specific terms and content. Book monitoring throughout all year groups also takes place once a term to compliment this.
Statutory Framework for Early Years (updated 2021) | <urn:uuid:c14cc11e-d997-458e-9a36-4693a85e7395> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://launtonschool.co.uk/page/detail/geography | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947143 | 543 | 4.125 | 4 |
Odd as it might sound, you have a dominant eye. And if your left eye is dominant, but your right hand is also dominant, then you’re cross-dominant.
There isn’t anything wrong with cross-dominance whatsoever, but it can make shooting more difficult. You can quickly develop bad shooting habits if you don’t know how to compensate for your cross-dominance.
After giving a brief look at how to test for cross-dominance (just in case you’re wondering if that’s why your aim is off), we’ll take a look at how to overcome it as a shooting obstacle.
Am I Cross-Dominant?
An easy way to tell is to look at whether your shots are consistently landing high and to the left or right of where you’re aiming.
On the other hand, that can also be due to any number of other issues.
Here’s how to identify your dominant eye:
- Make a triangle with your index fingers and thumbs
- Looking through your triangle, focus on an object about 15 feet away
- Close each eye alternatively
You’ll notice that when one eye is closed, the object seems to “jump” to the side. After switching eyes, the object remains in the center of your triangle.
This eye – the one that sees the object properly – is your dominant eye.
1. Cover Your Dominant Eye
This tip works equally well for shooting with a long-barrel firearm, like a rifle or shotgun, and with a handgun.
The idea is simple: by covering your dominant eye while shooting, you force yourself to use your non-dominant eye together with your dominant hand.
You can use an eye patch, or smear some chapstick across the corresponding lens of your shooting goggles.
Of course, the obvious issue with this method is you limit your field of vision.
2. Use a Holographic Optic
If you’re shooting with a long-barrel firearm, it’s worth considering the investment of a holographic optic. This will help you focus on your target better.
Granted, they aren’t as great as magnified optics are, so you might find your shooting is affected in other ways. Still, it will certainly help you compensate for your cross-dominance.
3. Use Your Non-Dominant Hand
Rifles and shotguns are more forgiving than handguns when it comes to switching hands, and using your non-dominant hand is a straightforward solution to cross-dominant shooting.
Don’t be fooled, though: this will still take some practice to get right.
That doesn’t mean it’s impossible to switch to your non-dominant hand if you use a handgun. It’s easier to make the transition if you’re a new shooter.
However, even more experienced shooters will benefit from learning how to be ambidextrous with their firearms.
4. Tilt Your Head
Sometimes, the simplest solution is the best one.
Tilting your head to the side until your dominant eye comes in line with your sights is easily one of the simplest options. You’ll probably look a bit odd to anyone watching, but your aim will improve. | <urn:uuid:dcd45e23-a28e-4ddd-9a61-bdf1cc3554e0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.gunassociation.org/tips-cross-dominant-shooters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.916324 | 692 | 1.765625 | 2 |
An important role for the ubiquitin system is in the quality control and degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins, a process central to maintaining proteostasis. Ubiquitylation also has important non-degradative roles in signalling pathways. One of the ways ubiquitylation is able to mediate such a diverse array of functions is because a range of different ubiquitin signals can be formed. How does the cellular machinery distinguish between different ubiquitin signals to orchestrate a specific response? And what regulatory mechanisms ensure that ubiquitin signals are tightly regulated?
Our lab is interested in understanding (i) how ubiquitylation regulates protein degradation and proteostasis, and (ii) how ubiquitin signalling regulates T-lymphocyte biology and immune responses. To address these fundamental questions, we combine structural, biochemical and genetic approaches to uncover and understand the underlying pathways and mechanisms.
Our research has provided insights into the assembly and recognition of different ubiquitin signals. We recently discovered novel regulators of protein degradation that are highly conserved in evolution. Failure to degrade proteins in a timely manner is the underlying cause of diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. By studying how ubiquitylation regulates protein degradation and proteostasis we hope to better understand the molecular causes of disease that we can exploit for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. | <urn:uuid:b351a1d0-555f-4590-95d9-2c13506367d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/index.php/research/principal-investigator/yogesh-kulathu | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.924162 | 273 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Woman 'would not hesitate' to act after saving dogs amid heatwave
- Credit: Pexels/Tim Gouw
A shop worker who spotted two dogs shut inside a car during hot weather hopes her actions can help other pet owners realise the dangers a heatwave can cause.
Amelia (not her real name), from Burwell, saw the dogs alone in a car while on shift in Royston at around 3.15pm on July 17 and raised the alarm.
“I tried to raise the alarm first and give the owner a chance first; many people are unaware of the dangers,” Amelia said.
“Unfortunately, I was unable to make contact before the decision was made to release the dogs.”
Amelia alongside a staff member from a nearby supermarket checked on the dogs, and found that the dogs’ owner left the car’s air conditioning on but the car doors were unlocked.
So, a decision was made to release the two adult dogs from the car.
However, the owner was not so pleased with the decision to free the dogs after returning to the car at around 3.45pm.
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“It just so happened that an off-duty Metropolitan Police dog handler was shopping in M&S Royston at the time,” said Amelia.
“He wasn't happy either and has reported the incident; he felt that the welfare of the dogs was compromised and that I had taken the correct action.”
Amelia, who said the dogs are now fine, found that many customers were upset by the situation.
And although she does not want to be involved in a similar incident again, she wants others to be aware of the risks extreme heat can pose to dogs.
“Given how hot it is at present, it's best to leave your dog at home,” Amelia added.
“I would not hesitate to act again if I was put in a similar situation.
“Dogs find it much harder to get cool than humans; they can only sweat through their paces and heatstroke is a real problem.”
The British Veterinary Association (BVA) has released tips on looking after animals during hot weather.
These include not leaving dogs in vehicles and watching out for signs of heatstroke such as heavy panting.
The BVA also encourage regular access to fresh drinking water, adequate ventilation and shade from direct sunlight at all times.
For more guidance, visit: https://bit.ly/3zfkQmS. | <urn:uuid:76106181-ead0-4244-b81b-93209e3270cf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.elystandard.co.uk/news/shop-worker-helps-dogs-trapped-amid-uk-heatwave-9152604 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.972476 | 685 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Here`s the fourth part in a four part series giving a more detailed report on some of the new features present in the recent wolfSSL release.
• Shared build only by default. wolfSSL used to build in shared mode and static mode by default, somewhat handy, but twice as time consuming. Now, wolfSSL will only build in shared mode by default, seemingly speeding up the build by a factor of two. Of course either mode can still be explicitly disabled or enabled.
• Compiler visibility additions. wolfSSL now uses compiler visibility, if the compiler supports it, to explicitly expose or hide non static functions. This decreases wolfSSL`s pollution of the global namespace and also decreases the chance of collisions.
• Single Makefile. wolfSSL used to use Makefiles recursively, one for each directory. While initially easy to setup, there are several drawbacks to this configuration including slow build times and increasingly complex interactions between the files. The new single makefile is simpler and faster. Thanks to Brian Aker for suggesting the last two items.
• Kitchen sink warnings. wolfSSL now has a configure option (–enable-gcc-lots-o-warnings) that turns on many additional warnings that shouldn`t fire in a release. wolfSSL has removed the ones that do, though not all systems, versions, compiler versions have been tested so we`re still fine-tuning these. | <urn:uuid:ff9185f4-952c-4abc-9074-b97e568bbc40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wolfssl.com/wolfssl-2-0-new-features-part-4-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.909562 | 289 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Christians rightfully lament the hours, days, and years they wasted fighting with a spouse, entertaining fools, and pursuing the wrong career. They naturally assume that squandered time should equated with godless time. But that assumption proofs incorrect when measured against the teachings of the Bible. Though we may walk away from the Lord, God never walks away from his children. If you are trusting in Christ for your salvation, not one year, day, hour, minute, or second of your life has been wasted.
In 1 Samuel 29, David abandons God and lives with the Philistines. The future king of Israel assimilates quickly into his new culture, winning the confidence of the Philistine King and a place in nation’s military command. David comes within two days of fighting against King Saul, the Lord’s anointed. Had David taken the field with the Philistines, he would have lost his ability to lead the nation of Israel for either he would have fought against God’s King or he would have betrayed the trust of his new friends in the middle of the battle. Either way, David would have secured his kingdom by his hand, marring his conscience and the conscience of his soon-to-be kingdom with the shedding of innocent blood (1 Sam 25:30-31). As David stood upon the brink of spiritual and political disaster, the commanders of the Philistines intervene because the Hebrews had a history of stabbing the Philistines in the back (14:21). Moreover, the gentile Lords knew David was not an ordinary Hebrew; he was the giant slayer, the man of whom was tagged on Instagram as the slayer of “#tenthousands.” Despite the king’s plea, the generals win the day. The king tells David, “Go back now and go peaceably, that you may not displease the lords of the Philistines (1 Sam 29:7).”
Instead of recognizing the blessing of divine providence, David objects to the Philistines’ request, saying, “But what have I done?”
We know the answer to David’s question. Though the King of the Philistines thought David as pure as an angel, 1 Samuel 28 reveals that David has been less than angelic in his dealings with the Philistines. He has been raiding their allies, murdering their friends, and lying to them about his success, claiming all the spoils came from the Israelites. The Philistines had ample cause to dismiss David.
But David’s hypocrisy aside, his resolve to continue on with the campaign against Saul remains undaunted. He wants to go to war against God’s people and is restrained by a wicked king who commands David to “start early in the morning and depart as soon as you have light” (1 Sam. 29:10b). Because of the Philistines, David would be more than sixty miles removed from the frontlines when King Saul died. David could not be accused of killing Saul or of participating in the king’s death. God used evil, wicked kings to protect David from his sinful foolish heart and from cultural misconceptions.
In short, David’s year and four months in the land of the enemies was not wasted. God used that time to keep David from being actively involved in Saul’s death. God ordained that time to prepare David for his upcoming reign. God was working admits David’s idiocy.
Friends if you are a believer today, God has been working in your life. Those wasted moments of our lives were being woven together by God to get us to our heavenly kingdom. Though we should lament our sins, learn from their consequences, and seek to avoid the Philistia’s in our life with an unquestionable zeal, we do not have to pretend those time of foolishness did not exist. God was moving in our lives then just as much as now. He was sending us bad bosses, unfair judgements, and petty friends because he was preparing us to reign with him in heaven. He was orchestrating our divine homecoming. Though we may not be able to trace the kind hand of providence that appeared in 1 Samuel 29, we know it is still present. We may leave God; but he never leaves us.
The message of 1 Samuel 29, finds beautiful, succinct magnification in the words of Paul in Romans 8:28.
And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.
Christian there are no wasted days in God’s divine economy. Do you agree? | <urn:uuid:5ef1f1ce-6e2f-434d-b293-d87027e7f35b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://witkowskiblog.com/2020/01/26/the-myth-of-wasted-time/?like_comment=9890&_wpnonce=dbe4b17533 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974468 | 966 | 1.78125 | 2 |
When used under the direction and guidance of the workbook (included with purchase), the Handstand Homework Mat helps athletes to focus on the proper technique required for a perfect handstand, thereby improving gymnastics performance all around. The handstand is an important shape for all four events in gymnastics.
- Encourages handstand practice at home.
- The mat is reversible and can also be used on the floor as a tumbling mat. It features a Cartwheel Mat design on one side, and blue carpet with a 6-foot long x 4-foot wide white beam stripe on the other.
- The carpeted surface allows items like the Fun Sticks to be Velcroed for additional challenges.
- The base mat easily folds up so the door can freely open and close when not in use.
- Includes a 60-page instructional Handstand Homework Book that demonstrates the shapes necessary to achieve the perfect handstand.
- Developed with Tom Forster, USA Gymnastics National Team Coordinator.
- Available in four colors: lime green, purple, pink and red.
Still can't decide which mat to buy? Watch this helpful Specialty Mat Buying Guide video.
- 9ft long x 2ft wide x 5/8in thick
- Front side is closed loop carpet with a white velcro line going down the center
- Back is 18 oz vinyl with the cartwheel hands and feet silkscreen
- The small 2ft x 3ft area which sits on the floor when laid out, folds up and out of the way with two velcro tabs for a secure fit.
- All mounting hardware is included.
**The door onto which the mat will be mounted should not be more than 1-3/8in thick.**Fits a standard door. It will not fit custom sized doors.
Download the Handstand Homework Owner's Manual and sample pages from the Workbook here.
Yes, the Handstand Homework Book comes with the Handstand Homework Mat
Yes, door clips are included that will attach the mat to the top and bottom of a standard (1-3/8™) interior door.
Absolutely can be used laying flat on the floor, in fact the opposite side of the mat has the Hands and Feet placement for a cartwheel. | <urn:uuid:defc3149-ba25-4716-864a-6851fdf77d10> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tumbltrak.com/handstand-homework-mat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.883606 | 476 | 1.921875 | 2 |
For a great many people, myself included, the engagement between open society and violent Islamic theo-cratism began not on September 11, 2001, but on February 14, 1989. On that day the Ayatollah Khomeini issued his fatwa—or, to phrase the matter in secular terms, offered a bounty in his own name as a reward for murder. The announced murder victim was to be Salman Rushdie, whose novel The Satanic Verses had attempted with high success to employ holy writ for literary purposes. The Ayatollah had not—indeed, could not have—read the book, but he believed the report that it contained a profane and obscene reference to the prophet Muhammad. (In one passage a man clearly depicted as a deluded loser fantasizes luridly about the prophet's many wives.) As a consequence of the fatwa, inflamed mobs burned the book and called for Rushdie's death, and teams of assassins (promised the reward of paradise if they pulled off the job or died in the attempt) managed to slay or injure Rushdie's translators and publishers in Italy, Japan, and Norway. An underplayed aspect of this gruesome development was the appearance for the first time of fanatical Muslim crowds on European streets.
This was a fairly blunt and frontal challenge to the ideas of liberty and pluralism on which the West likes to pride itself. But the responses to it only partially anticipated those to September 11. Invested as they were and are in the concepts of literary autonomy and abhorrence of censorship, most liberals reacted with particular shock to this literally fundamental assault. But there were those—most notably John Berger and John le Carré—who declared that Rushdie was the author of his own victimhood. He had offended the adherents of a great religion that was a voice of the poor and downtrodden. He had done so, numerous critics uttered darkly, "knowing what he was doing." His book was the root cause of the fatwa. The Cardinal of New York, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel, and the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore Romano united in defining the problem as one more of blasphemy than of terrorism. President George H.W. Bush, invited to comment when barely recovered from the Iran arms-for-hostages racket, said that his response would depend on any threat to "American interests." And the neoconservative school of columnists was almost unanimous in jeering at Rushdie for being hoist by his own petard. His sympathy for "Third World" causes, it was loftily said, should help him to appreciate the irony. And the irony was at his expense, so it served him right. Thus wrote Norman Podhoretz, Charles Krauthammer, A. M. Rosenthal, and others.
All this seems like yesterday to me. On the whole, I thought it was the most worthwhile fight I had ever been involved in. It taught me a lot, and it gave me a warning. And one might pause to notice that for all the talk about wounded feelings and outraged religious sensibilities, the fatwa has since been disowned by the Iranian government. Moreover, the book is in print, the author is flourishing and traveling freely, and the imams and ayatollahs of Tehran and Qom and Mashad, increasingly repudiated by their benighted subjects, now have more-pressing things with which to concern themselves than literary criticism conducted with a gun. Even before this, writers in the Arab and Muslim world as diverse as Naguib Mahfouz and Mahmoud Darwish had looked on Rushdie as a symbol of their own unending combat for free expression. The chief thing that depressed me, however, even in those hazardous days when all the good news lay in the future, was the sectarian partisanship shown by many Muslim immigrants in the West. The idea of the multicultural society was probably the most successful extension of European and American liberalism in the postwar period. It was emblematic of many things beyond itself. Without it, indeed, Rushdie—and Hanif Kureishi and Arundhati Roy and numerous others—would not have become so much a part of our cultural life in the first place. Yet now the hunt for al Qaeda and its surrogates is conducted as much in the meaner streets of London, Hamburg, Paris, Rome, and Chicago as it is in the caves and defiles of the North-West Frontier.
This vertiginous thought, with its several analogues in the "clash of civilizations" argument, has not yet met with its defining author. Most writing thus far either has been a product of immediate events or has been subsumed into them by becoming a part of the battle itself. This is conspicuously the case with Michel Houellebecq, whose novel Platform was almost proscribed by law in France before being properly distributed. His previous works of fiction Whatever and Atomised showed Houellebecq to be a highly evolved product of post-1960s disillusionment in France—at once a throwback to the absurdist and existentialist mood of the 1950s and a mirror to the "Who cares?" attitudes of late postmodernism. The emphasis on a slightly toneless sexuality, with the moral thermometer descending as the pace of the jaded libido is ratcheted upward, made me recall Hubert Selby Jr.'s Last Exit to Brooklyn for the first time in decades, with perhaps a tincture of Last Tango in Paris, Céline, Baudelaire, and the opening chapters of Norman Mailer's An American Dream. In Platform, Houellebecq undertakes to explore the fatuities of the modern tourist industry, from its openly pedophile version to its ostentatious and hypocritical "eco"-prefixed one. Doing little more than registering what his bored senses convey, Houellebecq's narrator, Michel, discovers that his old father has probably been murdered by a Muslim, and notices that foul crimes are being committed all the time in Paris, usually against women and often by gangs of North Africans. In his more or less pointless travels to various Asian locales to study the profit margins of the holiday business, he flies over Afghanistan at night.
Through the window, you could see nothing but pitch black, of course. In any case the Taliban were probably all in bed stewing in their own filth. "Goodnight, Talibans, good night ... sweet dreams," I whispered before swallowing a second sleeping pill.
That was published in France just before September 11. Somewhat later in the book Michel finds himself willing to give grudging affection to a woman named Valérie who is soon afterward killed in a Muslim jihad raid on a beach resort. (The novel's first English translation was published in uncomfortably good time for the al Qaeda massacre of Australian holidaymakers in the pseudo-paradise of Bali.) Michel, who is badly hurt in the attack, thereupon permits himself the following reflection:
It is certainly possible to remain alive animated simply by a desire for vengeance; many people have lived that way. Islam had wrecked my life, and Islam was certainly something that I could hate. In the days that followed, I devoted myself to trying to feel hatred for Muslims. I was quite good at it, and I started to follow the international news again. Every time I heard that a Palestinian terrorist, or a Palestinian child or a pregnant Palestinian woman had been gunned down in the Gaza Strip, I felt a quiver of enthusiasm at the thought of one less Muslim in the world. Yes, it was possible to live like this.
As in The Satanic Verses, the thoughts are those of a person who is recovering from grave physical and mental damage. They are immediately retracted on the following page, where, after spending time talking with a Jordanian, Michel is struck by a "simple thought" that is "sufficient to dispel my hatred."
The "thought," as it happens, is that Western capitalism will erode the Muslim world by means of innovation, temptation, and corruption, and that the long-term victory of materialism over fanaticism is inevitable. A point of view like this is going to be difficult to censor. Houellebecq could have made his life easier had he not also given an interview to the magazine Lire in which he described Islam as "the dumbest religion," as compared with, say, the ones derived only from the Bible, which "at least is beautifully written because the Jews have a heck of a literary talent." This certainly shows a gift for inclusiveness, if only in giving offense. Demands for his prosecution immediately emerged, and the imputation of racism was raised—oddly, in view of Islam's much voiced claim to be universal. His expressed sentiments in the book and in the interview did indeed prompt a lawsuit against Houellebecq in the Parisian courts, brought by various Muslim and "anti-racist" organizations. The case failed, mainly because the words were deemed to be insufficiently abusive or inciting.
Houellebecq's work is cynical and anomic but also literary and complex, and its characters contain contradictions. The same cannot be said for the writing of Oriana Fallaci, the celebrated Italian journalist whose high-octane interviews with powerful men had such éclat in the seventies, and whose memoir of her dead lover, the Greek resistance fighter Alexander Panagoulis, might be described as a classic of hysterical materialism. If utterance is given to a foul thought in the pages of The Rage and the Pride, the author is only too eager to claim it for herself. Written in the hot flush that overtook her on September 11, and originally published as a screed in the Milan daily Corriere della Sera, this is a sort of primer in how not to write about Islam. Fallaci claims in her introduction that in order to shorten the diatribe for newspaper purposes she "set aside the most violent passages." I wonder what those passages can have been like; the residue is replete with an obsessive interest in excrement, disease, sexual mania, and insectlike reproduction, insofar as these apply to Muslims in general and to Muslim immigrants in Europe in particular. A sampling, which preserves her style and punctuation and spelling:
The fad or rather the hypocrisy, the shit, that calls "local tradition" the infibulation. I mean the bestial practice by which, in order to prevent them from enjoying sex, Moslems cut young girls' clitoris and sew up the large lips of the vulvas. All that remains is a tiny opening through which the poor creatures urinate, and imagine the torment of a defloration ... thank God I never had any sentimental or sexual or friendly rapport with an Arab man. In my opinion there is something in his brothers of faith which repels the women of good taste.
In other words—and there are a great many of them—Fallaci ignores her own pro forma injunction to remember that Islam is a faith, not a race. Her horror is for the shabby, swarthy stranger who uses the street as a bathroom (she can't stay off this subject) and eyes passing girls in a lascivious manner. I've read it all before, in histories of migration. You can even find it in the fastidious revulsion with which assimilated European and American Jews greeted their lank-haired, scrofulous brethren when they came shuffling in from the Pale of Settlement.
It takes only a moment of reflection —the very moment that Fallaci did not permit herself, or of which she is incapable—to establish that genital mutilation is also practiced by animists and Christians and is forbidden or not practiced in many Muslim societies. Or that stoning to death—which is mandated in the Old Testament—is (like infibulation) unmentioned in the Koran. Or that Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are the most industrious, enterprising, and law-abiding immigrants to Britain, and display the most reverence for education. I might add that they are much keener on daily ablutions than many of their happy-go-lucky Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Celtic hosts. (The injunction to wash is actually in the stipulations of Islam ...) The Turks in Germany must be among the sturdiest of all Europeans. And this is in a generation or so. Among them, as among newer arrivals in the United States, Holland, France, and Italy, there is an argument about the place of faith and the role of the secular state. But it is an argument within the Islamic world, not an argument between it and some imagined "Christendom." Fallaci's book, too, has brought down calls for censorship that ought to be steadily resisted: Islamic groups claiming the protection of multiculturalism should (and, I predict, will) appreciate that they must honor the same precept themselves—and also see to it that Islamic societies make more room for dissent and pluralism.
An author whose scrutiny of the Muslim world has been more prolonged is V. S. Naipaul, now knighted by the Queen and garlanded by the Nobel committee. His two travelogues Among the Believers (1981) and Beyond Belief (1998) have taken and retaken Sir Vidia to Iran, Pakistan, Indonesia, and Malaysia. If one can make a very rough distinction between the two extended narratives, one might say that whereas in the first book—written in the aftershock of the Iranian revolution against the Shah—he identified Islam with insurgency, in the second one he approached it more as a colonial or imperial authority. It would appear that his personal views have meanwhile stiffened somewhat. In Beyond Belief he stated rather baldly,
There probably has been no imperialism like that of Islam and the Arabs. The Gauls, after five hundred years of Roman rule, could recover their old gods and reverences; those beliefs hadn't died; they lay just below the Roman surface. But Islam seeks as an article of the faith to erase the past; the believers in the end honor Arabia alone; they have nothing to return to.
At about the time that he received the Nobel Prize, in 2001, he updated this to say that "[Islam] has had a calamitous effect on converted peoples. To be converted you have to destroy your past, destroy your history. You have to stamp on it, you have to say 'my ancestral culture does not exist, it doesn't matter.'" Now, it is true that zealots under the influence of Wahhabism organized the destruction of the twin Buddha statues at Bamiyan in Afghanistan (another action that should have served as a warning), and that there notoriously exists a violent fantasy of re-creating a Muslim empire. It's also true that all religions have employed the desecration and erasure of previous faiths in order to establish themselves—and that schismatic forces within the major faiths have despoiled one another's holy places. Either one opposes this or one does not, and Naipaul has been insufficiently criticized in the West for his role as an apologist for the Hindu nationalist movement in India. Aiming to re-establish the supposedly organic, cyclical, holistic India that existed before the Mogul conquest, mobs licensed or incited by the chauvinistic Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Rahtriya Swayamsevah Sangh (RSS) demolished the Babri mosque in Ayodhya in 1992, and have since made a spirited attempt to profane the Taj Mahal—the special symbol of the Muslim epoch. Of the first vandalism Naipaul said that it was part of a "mighty creative process." He has since spoken warmly of the emergence of a thoroughgoing sectarian and ancestralist politics, which essentially regards the Muslim citizens of India as interlopers. This would mean, among other things, that Urdu, the native tongue of Salman Rushdie, was a language of barbaric aliens. So it goes; Rushdie was denounced as a tool of Islamic fundamentalism when he criticized earlier threats to the Babri mosque in 1988.
I frankly do not trust Naipaul, even as an eyewitness. (He candidly says, "I don't need to read the scholars," and bluffly claims to rely on direct experience rather than the study of history or religion.) In Beyond Belief there is a venomous caricature of the life and opinions of my friend Ahmed Rashid, from which one could never guess that he was among the first and best Pakistani writers to warn of the lethal danger posed by the Taliban. Reading Naipaul's contemptuous account of his more recent visit to Tehran, one would have no sense at all of the burgeoning movement for liberalization that was afoot even as he wrote. It seems quite extraordinary to tackle the subject of Islam and modernity without even stopping in Turkey or Bosnia or Egypt, where it can hardly be argued that all pre-Islamic culture has been abolished, let alone that Arab imperialism is the defining mode. And what of Algeria, where an Arab and Berber society has forcibly thrown back a fundamentalist counterrevolution? (It is the gaunt losers in that combat who have now emigrated to London and Paris: another element in the unending weave of paradoxes and unforeseen consequences to which globalization has abruptly introduced us.) But not only does Naipaul fail to give an account of the multifaceted nature of the Muslim world; his books contain no sense of the impending menace that was, all this time, readying and gathering itself for September 11. He didn't visit Saudi Arabia or the Gulf states either. And he skipped Jerusalem.
This and other lapses are to be regretted, because Islam needs criticism more stringent than what it has been receiving from these writers. It is a religion that makes very large claims for itself. It claims to offer a total program of personal and social conduct. In one way—which makes it especially objectionable to secularists—it confirms and reasserts the tenets of Moses and Jesus and the Virgin Mary, all of whom are taken more or less at face value in the Koran, or "recitation." In another way—which makes it especially indigestible for believers of other faiths—it asserts itself as a transcendence, and therefore as a partial negation, of these beliefs. Moreover, it is by far the youngest and most energetic of the monotheisms; its founder is more of a historical figure than a mythical one; its lack of a formal church order or Catholic-like hierarchy makes the emergence of a "Protestant" or "Reformation" Islam unlikely if not inconceivable. Finally, of the three monotheistic systems of spiritual obedience, Islam contains in its mandates and injunctions the most frequent references—indeed, exhortations—to proselytization.
Nothing can alter the fact, however, that religion is man-made. So Islam is schismatic to a considerable degree, and contains many more warring subdivisions than just the well-known and deeply felt division between Sunni and Shia. (One would rather be a Jew or a Christian in Pakistan than a member of the heretic Ahmadi sect, which is assiduously persecuted.) Islam is, despite its apparent inflexibility, quite adaptable to local conditions. Its best historic moments, in Andalusia and Bosnia and Alexandria, have involved synthesis with other faiths and cultures. We are all now heavily invested in the outcome of the civil war or civil wars that are taking place within the Muslim world. My favorite book on Islam is the rationalist critique Why I Am Not a Muslim, published under the pseudonym Ibn Warraq and written by a recovering Pakistani ex-zealot who was originally shaken loose from his faith by the Rushdie affair. I understand, however, that a mass conversion to philosophical skepticism is the least likely outcome of the present crisis.
Interviews: "The Real Islam" (March 20, 2003)
In The Two Faces of Islam Stephen Schwartz argues that in order to appreciate the pluralist, tolerant side of Islam, we must confront its ugly, extremist side.
In default of this, I would heartily recommend The Two Faces of Islam, by Stephen Schwartz. A Jew who has been partially seduced by Sufism (and, I should add, a man with whom I have a friendship), Schwartz has set himself to understand the profound differences that express themselves in distinctions of Koranic interpretation. For a considerable time before the assault on American civil society he had been preparing readers for the affront—simultaneously "radical" and "reactionary"—of the Saudi-Wahhabi alliance. Everybody now knows of the nexus of "charities" and madrasahs through which indoctrination, sectarianism, and frenzied prophecy have been promulgated with the help of petro-dollars. A less familiar story is the resistance to the Wahhabi cult by pious and sincere Muslims in Central Asia, the Balkans, and elsewhere. His commitment on this side of the conflict sometimes leads Schwartz to write slightly euphe-mistically about Wahhabism's foes—most notably the Shia clerics in Iran. But he has done a masterly job of identifying and isolating the discrepant traditions within the faith.
Religion of every kind involves the promise that the misery and futility of existence can be overcome or even transfigured. One might suppose that the possession of such a magnificent formula, combined with the tremendous assurance of a benevolent God, would make a person happy. But such appears not to be the case: unease and insecurity and rage seem to keep up with blissful certainty, and even to outpace it. The secular writers I have mentioned may sometimes give way to vulgarity and worse, but at least they take their angst for granted. | <urn:uuid:0d43712c-b233-4fa3-8b9b-239ae1c282e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2003/04/holy-writ/302701/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.968836 | 4,493 | 1.851563 | 2 |
In just 5 months the developer From the Google Cloud Systems area, Haruka has been able to calculate 100 trillion connected numbers from a PI number.
This feat has been achieved by computer systems used in data storage operations in the cloud.
However, in 2019, the same scientist already reached the Guinness Book of Records for the largest number of digits calculated from the number of Pi with 31.4 billion serial numbers, a process that took 121 days.
The interesting thing is that it beat its own record of three years ago by calculating 100 billion numbers in 157 days, so it’s surprising that in addition to generating more digital data, it did so twice as fast.
Scientists and mathematicians throughout history have devoted themselves to studying the value of the number Pi, which today remains one of the greatest mysteries in the exact sciences because it is an infinite series of numbers.
Emma Haruka points out that the scientific community still computes because Pi has no transcendental limit, which means that it cannot be written as a finite polynomial.
Not only was the number Pi but other scientific questions supported by the age of computing that began about 80 years ago, as systems allowed data to be processed at greater amounts and speeds.
Haruka adds that for now, the end of computing development is not in sight, such as the invention of electronic computers in the 1940s and the discovery of faster algorithms in the 1960s and 1980s, more fundamental changes can still be found to keep the momentum going.
Among the developments that are still expected in the world of computing, cloud technology architectures and grid computing systems, the above in order to increase the amount of data and information that can be stored in the cloud, with the eventual forgetting of devices such as USB or even hardware memories.
She is a developer of the code and programming language for Google’s cloud storage systems, and her work has made it easier for people at this company to understand how the cloud works.
He became interested in number Pi puzzles from the age of 12 when he downloaded a program to his computer that helped him calculate the value of this number.
The technological creation that allowed unlimited storage of all kinds of information on the web is called the cloud. It is believed that this advance in the data storage system could forever change the way humans have understood and perceived technology so far.
“Beeraholic. Friend of animals everywhere. Evil web scholar. Zombie maven.” | <urn:uuid:8c3d03c5-36ab-4c67-b0c8-a8e586d1d88f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newscollective.co.nz/a-woman-calculates-the-value-of-the-pi-number-in-100-billion-digits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958622 | 503 | 3.265625 | 3 |
How a Small California Town Curbed a Teen Suicide Epidemic—By Talking About It
Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death for 10- to 14-year-olds in rural America, and Native American kids are hit the hardest. After Indian Valley lost its sixth teenager, residents started talking about suicide out in the open—and it's working.
During the long, hard winter of 2011, the bleakest moment for Indian Valley, Calif., came with the chilling news of a sixth youth suicide. Ethan Elzea, then a reclusive 12-year-old, could name all of the dead boys: Rodney, Nate, Joaquin, Nick, Robby, Miko. But the shot that killed Nate Cunningham came closest to his heart.
Ethan, who confesses to having suicidal thoughts himself as early as the fourth grade, had followed Nate around their northern Sierra Nevada community like a little brother. They swam together and canoed in Lake Almanor. Ethan looked up to Nate, a counselor and fellow Native American. The relationship offered him respite from their home community, where racial tension and bullying are widespread.
“He was someone I could talk to,” says Ethan, now 15, slender and serious. The string of suicides—all of which occurred during a two-year period—sent him into a devastating depression. He brooded about violence, including the death of his sister’s cat, killed with a baseball bat. “I was angry at everything around me,” he says, his voice low and guarded. “I basically hit rock bottom.” For a few seconds Ethan’s eyes go dark and furious behind his maroon-rimmed glasses.
Many [Native American kids] face the challenge of becoming adults without any link to their tribal past: the stories, survival skills, and supportive families that might provide a stronger sense of identity.
The six teen suicides shook Ethan’s rural community like an earthquake. Home to ranchers, loggers, and retirees, it is a place where almost everyone knows everyone else, often across several generations. The dead boys were sons of Indian Valley. Some were gentle, others pranksters. Some played sports, others dabbled in music. All but one were Maidu Indians, and all came from two-parent households where drugs, alcohol, and domestic violence had been longstanding problems. All had been exposed to bullying, and they knew each other well.
The community waited in stunned silence for some response from local social service providers. Greenville High School offered one day of grief counseling after the death of the oldest boy, a non-Native who had been out of school for several years, and the Maidu education center held a day-long gathering with healers and dancers. That was it. No discussion for parents, no suicide prevention training for teachers, nothing to kick-start the painful process of healing.
A close-knit community of 3,000 residents, Indian Valley had rallied together after forest fires, floods, and the threatened closure of the area’s only high school. The suicides, however, seemed to drive people into isolation. No one talked openly about them, says Susie Wilson, a lifelong resident whose husband, brother, and several close friends had killed themselves in years past. “It was as if we were all frozen in fear.”
Ethan was lucky. Though reticent himself, he comes from a talkative family. They hold weekly meetings—no electronics, no telephones—and discuss everything from daily chores to thoughts of death.
“If you talk about things, they don’t seem so bad,” says his sister Cassy, 18. “And maybe you can stop someone from committing suicide,” adds Haylee, 14.
This was the hope that inspired their mother, Marsha Ebersole, to team up with Wilson. Compelled by a yearning to spark community discussion about what was happening, the women took what now seems like an obvious first step: They held a public meeting. The gathering, in January 2012, drew about 85 people, a high turnout for any local event in January. The county director of mental health attended along with parents, Maidu elders, educators, and the Plumas County sheriff.
“This was an outpouring of heartbreak,” says Wilson.
Within a month the parents, officials, and teenagers who attended had organized the Indian Valley Youth Summit, a grassroots group that met monthly to coordinate responses to the apparent epidemic of suicidal depression among local young people.
Teen suicides on the rise nationally
Indian Valley, tucked into the Sierra Nevada mountain range, 250 miles northeast of San Francisco, is rich with forests, streams, and fertile soil. But the lush natural resources belie a disturbing trend: As in many other isolated rural communities, parents and social service providers here are struggling to cope with a surge in youth suicides. Among people 15 to 24 years old, suicide is the third leading cause of death nationwide. It is the fourth leading cause of death among 10- to 14-year-olds. And although there were fewer suicides overall during the 2000s, for teenagers the trend spiked. The National Conference of State Legislatures reports that since 2010, suicide among 15- to 24-year-olds has increased by about 6 percent. For 10- to 14-year-olds, the numbers shot up by 100 percent.
The highest rates are among Native American teens, who kill themselves three times more frequently than kids from other demographics. Natives aged 15 to 24 have the worst numbers in the nation: 3.5 times the average. This has led tribes in Alaska and elsewhere—believing that youth feel adrift—to develop programs aimed at reconnecting teenagers to their culture. Many face the challenge of becoming adults without any link to their tribal past: the stories, survival skills, and supportive families that might provide a stronger sense of identity. Scientists believe strengthening these ties can reduce substance abuse, depression, and other risk factors, says Stephanie Woodard, who writes about Native youth suicide.
The Summit can assuredly claim the most important measure of success: Since its formation there has not been a single teen suicide in Indian Valley.
In a series of stories in Indian Country Today, Woodard describes suicide-prevention camps that take Alaskan youth into the wilderness, where they come face-to-face with the rudiments of basic survival—and their demons. Other tribes use skits, traditional games, and storytelling along with outdoor activities such as hunting and fishing. These programs are not a panacea, says Lisa Wexler, a University of Massachusetts professor working with Native Alaskan communities.
But they often start conversations that can be life-changing for depressed kids who see no other way out.
Farrell Cunningham, a Maidu traditionalist who grew up in Indian Valley, is dedicated to revitalizing the native language and culture, believing that this will increase confidence and self-worth among Maidu. (Three of the young men who recently took their own lives were disconnected from their tribal heritage.) But an awareness of the world beyond their own small town may be just as important.
Teenagers need to realize that Indian Valley isn’t “the beginning or the end of anything,” Cunningham says. “It’s just the place where you live, and you can go off and do and be anything that you want.”
There are obvious reasons for the hopelessness Cunningham senses in Indian Valley youth. Unemployment hovers at 17 percent. When they envision the future, many young people here—both Native and non-Native—list “suicide” alongside traditional life choices, says Wilson. “There’s college, travel, jobs, marriage, suicide… It’s been normalized—just part of the conversation.” Add to that the racial stigma and cultural ambiguity many feel, and it’s a recipe for disaster, say scientists with the National Institutes of Health.
The Indian Valley Youth Summit, the first and only organization in Plumas County devoted entirely to suicide awareness and prevention, does not concentrate exclusively on Native Americans; its focus is all youth suicide. But studies suggest that the more it can respond to the unique needs of the Indian Valley community, the better its chances of success.
As the Youth Summit continued to meet in the spring of its first year, participation began to wane. Promises of help from the county mental health department and Native American organizations never materialized. Several students were teased for their involvement, and some agency heads criticized the group’s founders, Ebersole and Wilson, for not being health professionals. They were dismissed as “bored white housewives,” says Ebersole, a Wailaki Indian and mother of six. She and Wilson, a longtime family-services advocate, puzzled over the backlash. Was it institutional defensiveness for a failure to respond to the very households now grieving over lost sons? Or perhaps a preference for focusing on more affluent, non-Native communities?
In any event, the institutional failures that existed before the Summit remained, says Harry Rogers, an Indian Valley rancher who attended the first meeting. “The agencies were blowing us off. I don’t like to point fingers, but that was the feeling.”
Many grassroots groups face resistance, and many fold under the pressure. But the Youth Summit leaders persisted. “Somebody has to do this,” says Wilson. “We will not allow our youth to be dismissed.”
“Suicide,” says Ebersole, “is now a community discussion—out loud and in public.”
She and Ebersole organized the county’s first suicide prevention training for teens. To encourage camaraderie, they launched community movie nights, created a Wii video game tournament, and hosted a day-long session on nonviolent communication. Among the needs teenagers voiced repeatedly: better communication with adults. In an early survey, 89 of the 91 young people who responded said they wanted a mentor. Summit leaders set about matching them with positive role models.
Rogers, the Indian Valley rancher, suggested creating no-suicide contracts. He designed a wallet-sized card listing the name and phone number of a “survival buddy.” Teenagers who signed the contracts pledged not to harm themselves and promised to call their buddies if suicidal thoughts arose. Rogers, a shy man, says the effort it took to stand up in public and introduce the contract will be worth every painful second if it makes a youth think twice. “I just don’t want to see any more kids die,” he says.
Despite the considerable hurdles, these small, homegrown measures appear to be working. Other grassroots groups have sprung up, and last summer there were twice as many youth activities in Indian Valley as the year before—including teen movie nights and Audubon-led birding trips. This summer saw the addition of a kids community garden and hikes in nearby Lassen Volcanic National Park.
A major breakthrough came during the 2012–13 academic year. The Plumas Unified School District and its previous superintendent, both defendants in a federal lawsuit alleging racial discrimination, had been particularly dismissive of the Youth Summit.
But when Micheline Miglis took the helm in September 2012, she immediately welcomed the Summit as a community-based organization. Miglis allowed Greenville High to hold an assembly about bullying and suicide, something Ebersole and Wilson had long requested. She helped organize similar assemblies at other county high schools, and she directed teachers to develop suicide-prevention curricula. Kimball Pier, appointed in February to head the county mental health department, has provided funds to expand the mentor program and open a community center for teens.
“The doors have flown open in the last few months,” says Wilson. “We have grown from a mentality that wouldn’t let us talk about suicide to a program about suicide that’s countywide.”
Encouraged, several high school students have tackled suicide in academic assignments. Terra Adcock, a senior at neighboring Chester High, focused on bullying by designing a form that allows students to report harassment while remaining anonymous, and last April she hosted an all-school assembly about the signs of depression, identifying specific agencies to call when in need. “The pressures of life at our age are difficult, but they’re not so difficult that thousands of teenagers a year should be killing themselves,” Adcock says.
For science class, Ryllie Cantrell, a Greenville sophomore, studied the effect of weather on suicide rates. Her sister Aynslee, who knew several of the boys who killed themselves, is completing a school-wide presentation on the psychological impact of bullying. “We can’t sweep it under the rug anymore,” says Ryllie, “and people around here would, if we didn’t keep talking about it.”
Despite these hopeful signs, the Indian Valley Youth Summit remains a work in progress. Youth participation is erratic. The mentor program, stalled by fingerprinting requirements and other bureaucratic snags, has established only eight partnerships. Yet the Summit can assuredly claim the most important measure of success: Since its formation there has not been a single teen suicide in Indian Valley.
“The little youth group that critics so belittled is saving lives,” says Wilson. And whether or not it lasts, the Summit has, undeniably, started a conversation.
“Suicide,” says Ebersole, “is now a community discussion—out loud and in public.”
Ethan Elzea, the reticent teenager, still doesn’t like thinking about Nate’s suicide or any of the others. “I miss them,” he says softly. But the Youth Summit has given him words and permission to voice his own dark thoughts—“I guess you could call it a lifeline.”
Recently Ethan extended that lifeline to an eighth-grade girl who announced during the Rotary Leadership Camp they were both attending that she was thinking about killing herself. Too shy to look a stranger in the eye a year ago, Ethan spoke up, addressing a group of the 85 teens from California and Nevada. “I said everybody needs to know there is always somebody there for them. I told them about the Indian Valley Youth Summit and how we talk about suicide.”
The girl did not kill herself. In fact, without naming Ethan, she credited the camp for helping her. But Ethan knows he played an important role. After he tells this story, he looks up with a bashful smile. “I’m glad I did that,” he says. “I’m still working on getting up to the person I want to be. But we all are.” | <urn:uuid:0c4b33f8-ce11-4c03-a646-999bd0c77dd2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev-wp.yesmagazine.org/issue/human-cost-stuff/2013/11/12/how-one-town-is-saving-its-teens | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.968318 | 3,103 | 2.296875 | 2 |
What is Walk and Talk therapy (Ecotherapy)?
Quite simply, it is a counselling session that takes place outside. You are still able to talk about what is of concern to you and you will still receive the same understanding and support as you would in a traditional counselling session. The only difference is that we will be outside, walking in a natural environment. As I only offer online counselling at present, Walk and Talk therapy offers an alternative for clients who do not wish or are unable to attend sessions from their home and would prefer to meet with me in person in a Covid secure setting.
There has been a lot of research to show the benefits of walking and of being outside. It can help with low mood and depression and moving the body can help to release endorphins, which in turn help to relieve stress and pain. Gentle exercise also has physical health benefits.
In addition, some people find it easier to talk while walking side-by-side with the counsellor as there is less eye contact which can feel very daunting especially for those clients with very low self-esteem.
Who is this type of counselling suitable for?
You do not need to be super fit for this type of therapy as we walk at a pace which is comfortable for you and if you wish, we can stop and sit down. The purpose of the session is to talk and not to have a workout.
If you already enjoy being outside, Walk and Talk may feel more comfortable for you than meeting over Zoom but also if you are feeling isolated and lonely, being outside may help you to feel connected to the world.
Perhaps the silence of the therapy room is uncomfortable for you? Nature provides a constant background noise which can help and is often calming for many people.
Our initial session will be online so we can talk about how suitable this form of therapy would be for you and to ensure you are prepared for an outdoor session. | <urn:uuid:c8c72d90-b34c-4442-a14f-50d40d9c21e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sarahkellycounselling.co.uk/phdi/p1.nsf/supppages/8956?opendocument&part=4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.977805 | 389 | 1.679688 | 2 |
According to Ayurveda, water stored in a copper vessel has the ability to balance all the three doshas in your body, (vata, kapha and pitta) and it does so by positively charging the water. The water stored in a copper vessel is known as ‘tamarajal’ and is supposed to be consumed after storing the water in a copper vessel for at least eight hours. When water is stored in a copper vessel, the copper gently gets into the water and lends it all its positive properties. The best part about this water is that it never becomes stale and can be stored this way for long periods of time.
The benefits of water stored in copper vessels are:
- Helps the digestive system perform better
Acidity, gas or simply the inability to digest certain foods is common and here is where copper comes to your rescue. Copper has properties that stimulate the digestive tract, kill harmful bacteria and reduce inflammation within the stomach, making it a great remedy for ulcers, indigestion and infections.
2. Aids in weight loss
Try drinking water stored in a copper vessel regularly. Apart from fine tuning your digestive system to perform better, copper also helps your body break down fat and eliminate it more efficiently, thereby, helping your body keep only what it will use and throw out the rest.
3. Slows down ageing
If you are worried about the appearance of fine lines on your face, copper is your natural remedy. It is packed with very strong anti-oxidant and cell forming properties. Copper also helps in the production of new and healthy skin cells that replace old dying ones. Both these properties make copper a sure-fire way to beat fine lines.
4. Helps maintain cardiovascular health and beats hypertension
Heart disease is one of the most common ailments and copper helps minimize your risk of developing the disease. Copper has been found to help regulate blood pressure, heart rate and lowers one’s cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It also helps prevent the accumulation of plaque and has the documented effect of dilating blood vessels to allow better flow of blood to the heart. It also helps lower one’s triglyceride levels.
5. Can kill bacteria
Copper is known to have a sterilizing effect of metals on bacteria, and can destroy bacteria very effectively. It is especially effective against E.coli and S.aureus, two bacteria that are commonly found in our environment and known to cause severe illnesses in the human body. Known to help prevent common water-borne diseases like diarrhea, dysentery and jaundice, copper has been touted as the cheapest solution to cleaning water in countries that do not have a good sanitation system. So, if you fear that your water may be contaminated, store it in a copper vessel before your drink it and be rest assured, you will be drinking healthy and clean water.
6. Stimulates your brain
Our brain works by transmitting impulses (or orders) from one neuron to another. These neurons are covered by a helping the flow of impulses. Well, copper actually helps in the synthesis of phospholipids that are essential for the formation of sheath, making your brain work much faster and more efficiently. Apart from that, copper is known to have brain stimulant and prevents seizures.
7. Beats arthritis and inflamed joints
Copper has very potent anti-inflammatory properties. This asset is especially great to relieve aches and pains caused due to inflamed joints — like in the case of arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Apart from that, copper also has bone and immune system strengthening properties, making it the perfect remedy for arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. This is where drinking water infused with copper is a great option for relief from aches and pains of these diseases.
8. Beats anemia
The most amazing fact about copper is that it is required in most processes that occur in our body. Right from cell formation to aiding in the absorption of iron, copper is an essential mineral for the functioning of your body. This is one of the reasons that it also helps in keeping anemia at bay. An essential component in the entire process of absorbing and using iron present in the body, copper helps keep the levels of iron up and regulates its flow in your blood vessels. | <urn:uuid:4e7b1f5e-49e5-473c-af36-89b099358cfe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medium.com/@onlystaples/copper-benefits-5bb15eab22fc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.948977 | 885 | 2.96875 | 3 |
If experiencing this kind of Zen pleasure in your home sounds preposterous, Xorin Balbes would like to have a word with you. Balbes, a celebrated designer who has done many high-profile architectural restorations and author of the book SoulSpace, believes that making your home a nurturing reflection of your inner self is not only possible for anyone, it's imperative. Whether he's renovating landmark buildings or transforming ordinary residences, his goal is the same: to enhance the true essence of a place, and the people living in it.
In this revved-up, demanding culture, Balbes says, "our homes are our greatest possibility of support. When you are completely in love with where you live, you can go out into the world knowing that you get to come back home and be taken care of."
If you'd like to create your own soul space, follow Balbes's eight steps...
First, step back and consider your home like a neutral observer. "The idea is to take an inventory to determine what's in there that you love, and what's just taking up space," Balbes says. Questions to ask include: Which rooms make you feel most comfortable? Is there a room you never use? What's the first thing you see when you wake up in the morning? When you walk through the door? Are there items in your home that no longer reflect who you are? What have you outgrown? Don't make a to-do list yet; just note your strongest impressions, and keep an eye out for hidden inspiration. Says Balbes, "Often our deepest, truest style is represented by a single object in our homes—say, a piece of clothing or jewelry, or a picture."
Now it's time to cull. Balbes suggests the following guidelines for separating what to keep from what to sell, donate to charity, give to friends, recycle, or toss:
Let go of anything that...
Is collecting dust
"Garages, basements, and attics are full of items that should be released," Balbes says. "Get rid of all that weight and set yourself free."
Dredges up unpleasant emotions
Even if the item in question is valuable, if its provenance makes you feel crummy, it can't stay. "If you have a chair that's pretty but was an inheritance from a horrid old aunt who was always criticizing you," Balbes says, "let it go. It's an anchor to the past." Likewise, don't keep photos around if you don't adore the people in them.
Doesn't work anymore
If it's damaged beyond repair, outdated enough to be useless, or worn out to the point of shabbiness, give it the heave-ho.
Out with scratchy blankets, chairs that are awkward to sit on, too-tight pants—anything that irritates rather than delights.
Keep anything that...
When evaluating what belongs in your home, Balbes sets the bar high: You must actually love it. And while this kind of emotional connection may seem possible only with things like fine art and keepsakes, he believes that even mundane objects (think spatulas and bath towels) should make you happy when you use them: "Everything you surround yourself with either lifts you up or brings you down."
Next: Cleansing the energy of your home
You've decided what will stay and what must go. Now break out the vacuum cleaner, the wood polish, the iron—and care for your home. Open your windows and let in the breeze. Replace lightbulbs. Rotate your mattress. Tend to necessary repairs. At the same time you're literally cleaning your environment, Balbes says, you also want to clear out any emotional cobwebs. In rooms where you've experienced loss or pain, he recommends burning sage or sweetgrass, an energy cleansing technique favored by Native Americans. Balbes refers to this phase as "spring cleaning for the soul."
You've released the past; this next phase is all about the future. Who are you now and who do you want to become? "Let yourself experience new things," says Balbes. "Go to new restaurants, roam around new neighborhoods—it's about getting inspired." You might make a vision board, filling it not with standard-issue photos of mega-mansions but with images that make your spirit soar. Maybe you dream of sailing, or English gardens, or Bali. "You want to go into a very meditative mode of just flipping through magazines and tearing out things you feel a connection with," Balbes says. "Don't do it from a place of thinking."
Now bring those dreams to life by finding the objects that express your true self. Look at catalogs. Browse flea markets. Surf websites like eBay, Craigslist, and Etsy. "I think people get stuck in routines and styles," Balbes says. "It's important to open up. Let your imagination lead the way."
Your budget will dictate the scope of your improvements, but even minor changes can make a big difference. You might rearrange the furniture in your living room to make it more inviting for friends to drop by, or move your desk next to a window so it gets more natural light. Want to paint your bedroom sky blue? Hang a chandelier in the bathroom? Now's the time. Expert opinions don't matter here; this process, Balbes stresses, is about "you really making your home yours."
Now for the finishing touches, or what Balbes calls grace notes. Often we don't make the effort to add a vase of flowers in our favorite colors, turn on some music, and spritz the air with an appealing scent, yet it takes only a moment—and very little cash—to bring in these uplifting elements.
"For some people the soul space process might take years to fully express," Balbes says. "But if you can even start it, you're beginning to connect to your true essence." It's important to invite people over to share your home's transformation, he notes, "because when you start living in an environment that's more like you, then others can see more of you. And hopefully you're inspiring them to become more of who they are, too."
Xorin Balbes is the author of SoulSpace (New World Library).
Create a Relaxing Space | <urn:uuid:8132903a-2a4b-4dfb-9ce3-94f653d0e662> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oprah.com/home/xorin-balbes-zen-design-ideas/all | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954532 | 1,356 | 1.617188 | 2 |
It basically took a genie and about a thousand wishes to bring my dream to life, but it the end, we did it! Twenty five middle school students and I put on the very first summer musical production ever at our school. And it was fantastic! I’m not even kidding, it made grown men cry. How did we do it? Well, it was a bit of a whirlwind, but I will try and break down the steps for anyone who is interested in starting something like this at another school. It will drive you halfway to crazy pulling everything together, but it is so worth it!
step 1: find a genie (aka a grant)
It’s a long story, but it involves two buddies on a road trip, my parents at a pub 600 miles from where I live, some small town friendliness, and a string of coincidences and shared passions. In the end, I met a man who runs a foundation in the same town where I teach. The purpose of this foundation is to provide grant money to teachers who bring performing arts opportunities to kids who otherwise wouldn’t have those opportunities.
I sat down with the director of this foundation, and our passions aligned perfectly. We both believe that the performing arts can be transformational in young students’ lives, and that every student deserves to have access to high quality performing arts programs. We saw an opportunity to fill a gap in the school where I work, to not only provide the very first musical theatre instruction there, but also to offer a summer program as an alternative to playing Minecraft or watching TV for two and a half months. We also wanted it to be free to any student who was interested in participating. I work in a low-income neighborhood where many students can’t afford to attend any summer programs at all.
I developed a grant proposal and a budget with the things we would need to make the summer production happen. The foundation approved my grant, and agreed to fully fund the program. I promise you, there ARE still good people in this world who are willing to help kids in their communities!
We worked closely with my principal and the performing arts director at the district office. Without the cooperation of administrators, the program would have been dead in the water. As I teacher, I had to rely on administrators for facilities, paperwork, insurance, processing funds, etc. I am lucky that my principal is as much of a musical theatre nerd as I am!
step 2: find and license a script
The world of Aladdin and Agrabah just seemed like a fun place to be over the summer. I love the music and the costumes and the setting, so choosing a show was the easy part. I highly suggest purchasing a script and licensing rights from MTI Productions. Generally, this will cost about $1,000 (but that’s why you got a grant!). You will receive high-quality, professional scripts, background music tracks, and you can order t-shirts and a graphics package.
If you are working with middle school students like I did, you will definitely want to choose a script from their Broadway Junior Collection. The length of the shows is perfect, and the humor level is spot on. There are plenty of shows to choose from, and I can’t wait to pick one for next year. If you choose a full-length adult production, your show will likely be too long and will not play to the strengths of middle school students.
The director’s book comes with everything you need to run your auditions, so you need to purchase this package before the auditions. Since it was my first time dealing with the licensing and all of that, this process took me several months to complete. Make sure that your grant money is ready to go when you start this process.
step 3: choose a cast
Before the auditions, I held several informational meetings at lunch, and sent home audition permission slips. I listed the dates and times of every rehearsal and performance and made it clear that all rehearsals were MANDATORY. I knew there would be kids who would be excited to sign up, but would be out of town for some of the rehearsals. Not gonna work. We only had 4 weeks to rehearse (I know, I set myself up for a miracle from the start), so perfect attendance was non-negotiable.
The perfect attendance policy weeded out any kids who weren’t really serious about the production, so I ended up with exactly 25 students at the audition. Twenty five was my max, so I got to keep everyone!
The majority of my group was girls, so I had to play around with casting a little bit in order to cover all the roles in a play with ONE FEMALE character. (How did I not think of that ahead of time?). We ended up interpreting Genie as a girl, and a lot of girls just played male roles. And they were fantastic! The great thing about working with middle school students is that they are still willing to be silly and goof around without worrying about being cool. To me, middle schoolers are IDEAL actors to work with.
Many of the students who auditioned were from my 6th grade English classes, but I also had some 7th and 8th graders. As I mentioned, most of the students were girls, but we ended up with a very diverse cast. We included students from the SPED department, and Honors classes. I even brought over two of my piano students from another middle school to help me out with choreography. There were a few kids who had been in productions before, or who had taken dance lessons or something, but the majority of them had no acting experience whatsoever. This meant that they were humble and curious and ready to see what they could do!
I included team-building activities and opportunities for students to get to know each other as often as I could because in a production like this, everyone has to rely on and trust each other. We started our own Instagram hashtag and took Friday afternoon trips to get frozen yogurt, just to promote friendship and teamwork. Many of the students became very close friends by the end of the play. They’re so stinkin cute.
step 4: rehearse!
(This is me with my Mariah Carey Butterfly drink that I would bring to rehearsals. It actually tastes pretty terrible, but I love to be a diva in every way possible!)
We only had SIXTEEN rehearsals to pull this whole thing together. We rehearsed from 8:30-12:30 Mondays through Fridays for about four weeks. I wanted our final performance to be July 3rd, because after the July 4th weekend it can be really tough to keep a full cast at rehearsals at all times. I decided I would rather have a shorter, more intense program, instead of dragging it out through the whole summer. There comes a point in every play where everyone starts to get fatigued and sick of each other, and you can kind of avoid that if you keep it short. Short and stressful!
We started with choreography. I think the choreography makes or breaks a performance, so I wanted as much time to refine that as possible (and it TOTALLY paid off). I wasn’t even sure if any of the kids could dance, but they all did so well! My two piano students (who have been in several productions at their own school) taught a lot of the choreography, and I worked out the formations and transitions. We dubbed Fridays “Friend Like Me Fridays” because that routine was the most complicated and always needed a little more cleaning up. MTI provides a choreography DVD which we used for about half of the production, but we also included a lot of our own moves.
Then we started going through the script scene by scene, blocking as we rehearsed. During the weeks between auditions and rehearsals the students were supposed to start memorizing their lines, and most kids were pretty good at their lines after a few run-throughs. The most important thing I kept reminding them of was facing the audience and speaking to the audience. It’s a play, we understand that it’s not real life and you might not face the actor that you’re speaking to full on. Stage presence and blocking just take some getting used to and some coaching. By the end of a few weeks, those kids were pros.
Mondays were “Music Mondays,” and we would sing through the songs without choreography. Some of those Aladdin songs are hard! I teach voice lessons, so I would lead the kids through warm ups and help them with their parts. Even after all our rehearsing, “A Whole New World” was still a little shaky, so we went with our strength–we added cheesy choreography. Ballerina stars and moons swirled around Jasmine and Aladdin on their magic carpet as they sang. And it was hilarious. Play to your strengths, and don’t take any scenes too seriously!
step 5: take a break and do something fun and crazy!
We were fortunate enough to receive some extra grant money to take the whole cast to Disney’s California Adventure for free. Not only was it a nice little incentive/ reward for all the kids’ hard work, but we got to see a live performance of Aladdin! After practicing for several weeks and beginning to really get into character, it was great for the kids to see a professional play their part. The show is absolutely amazing (I wish we could borrow their magic carpet!), and we took away a few ideas from the performance to incorporate into our own show.
We all wore our Aladdin t-shirts so that I could spot my kids from far away. At the beginning of the week I let them decorate their shirts during rehearsal breaks (basically just to occupy their attention while I worked with smaller groups). Clearly they like to keep things simple and neutral.
I went on Tower of Terror with two of my 6th grade girls (excuse me, I mean 7th graders now!), and I ended up curled up in a ball on their laps like a total wimp. They will never let me forget it now! All the kids got to spend plenty of quality time together, and for the many that had never been to California Adventure before, this was a pretty exciting day. We took the trip one week before the performance, just as things started to get really stressful, so it was a perfect day to relax, enjoy some rides, and to be inspired to make our show magical.
step 6: get some costumes
I purchased costumes for most of the cast with just a few hundred dollars. I gave each actor a description of the costume that I envisioned for them and asked to start collecting items that might work. Some kids just needed some black pants, a white shirt, sandals, or something easy like that. These items they brought from home.
These two girls had incredibly talented mothers who handmade their gorgeous costumes!
I ordered a lot of the more elaborate pieces on Amazon, like Aladdin’s fez and Jafar’s turban. We found a yoga apparel seller with harem pants in every color, so I ordered about six pairs in various sizes and just gave them to whoever needed some. Fortunately, the harem pants/Middle Eastern look is very in right now, so I was able to just go to Forever 21 and find a lot of the things we needed. Forever 21 has a great jewelry section, and I got a ton of cheap pieces that added a lot of flair to the costumes.
I had to replace a tire one Saturday afternoon, and the shop happened to be right next to this huge Indian street fair. I know, I know, Aladdin does not take place in India, but some of the items I found were so beautiful, and suited what we needed at least as well as some of the Halloween costume pieces from Amazon. Our production was not exactly a pillar of historical accuracy anyway, so I bought this gorgeous headpiece and shirt for the Sultan.
Of course a magic lamp was central to our play, and I found this one in one of the Indian shops. I wasn’t exactly sure what to do with this fabric, but it was so beautiful that I figured we could find a use for it somehow. We ended up draping it over Jasmine’s shoulder for the wedding scene and it looked great.
Here are a few of the jewelry pieces from Forever 21, and Jasmine’s white long-sleeved crop top from American Apparel. The teal necklace looked perfect on Jasmine, and I loved the tiger earrings for her. Raja, Jasmine’s pet tiger from the movie, wasn’t included in our script, so the earrings were our nod to him. Gold shackles were a must for Genie, and these swirly gold bangles were only $4 each. (This was an Instagram post to remind the kids to bring their costumes).
step 7: use social media to promote your show
I did not have time to deal with flyers and printers and all that mess. I made a little digital flyer on my phone and texted it to all the cast members. They posted it to Instagram and Snapchat to let their friends know about the performance, and their moms posted it to their Facebook walls. We didn’t need to pack the auditorium in order to fundraise, so we just wanted to make sure that everyone who could come out and support the kids knew when to come.
step 8: set up your set
When we started rehearsals, our stage looked like that scene from Sister Act 2 with the broken piano and the graffiti all over the walls. According to our custodian, no one had used the stage in the 2o years that he has been there, and it was basically just a storage area for broken desks and chairs. We had help cleaning everything off, but the stage was still completely bare. We had no side curtains or back curtain, but one of the other teachers at my school offered to build us this fantastic plywood backdrop.
Twenty four hours before our first performance the backdrop was still blank. I hired a local muralist to come paint it, but he couldn’t make it until the day before the performance. This meant that we couldn’t use the stage the day before our show. I was stressing out big time, but after a few hours of rehearsal at the back of the cafeteria, I turned around and saw THIS! I couldn’t believe my eyes! We still had no side curtains, and only one of our front curtains actually closed (a kid’s brother had to hold on to the other one and pull it open and shut for every scene), but hey, our backdrop looked great! I think it distracted from what we lacked and brought our show up to a whole new world–I mean, level. (Sorry, couldn’t help it!).
step 9: hair & makeup
You will have two or three moms who would absolutely love to help with hair and makeup. On the day of the performance I ordered pizzas and invited anyone who wanted to help to come down for two hours and glam up our actors. I was still running around getting last-minute things taken care of, but this time was relaxing and fun for the kids. Although I did hear quite a few squeals of, “Oh my gosh, I’m so nervous!”
The older girls were great at doing everyone’s hair.
We were not shy with the painted-on facial hair.
step 10: break a leg!
I cannot even explain how proud I am of these kids. Most of them had never performed before in their lives, and they put on a spectacular performance. They were hilarious and professional and coordinated and humble. They supported each other and took care of everything from the curtain(s) to the sound to backstage management. It was incredibly rewarding to watch them interact with the audience and to see the pride rise up in their chests as hundreds of people laughed at their jokes, applauded their dancing and swayed along with their singing. Parents looked at their pre-teens in a whole new light as they witnessed their kids’ talent, dedication and hard work. It was such a gift for me to be able to be a part of this group of special kids. But don’t take my word for it–watch the whole performance for yourself here! | <urn:uuid:b3f1bd8f-1315-481e-8437-535afe92173c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://toocoolformiddleschool.com/category/reflections/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.982759 | 3,419 | 1.625 | 2 |
Introduction to Insurance Adjusting
What you'll learn
- Students will learn how to become and insurance adjuster.
- Students will learn about the various work environments and job duties of insurance adjusters.
- Students will learn about the different types of insurance adjusters.
- Student will be shown where to look for employment.
- Students will be learn about professional designations.
- Students will be shown how much money an insurance adjuster can earn.
- High school diploma or at least a GED
This course will introduce the student to the world of insurance adjusting. Most people I speak to are not aware of what an insurance adjuster is and even fewer have a clue how to become one.
We will cover:
Types of Adjusters
Tools of the Trade
Who this course is for:
- Anyone who may be looking to start or change careers.
• Seven years of adjusting experience consisting of Wrongful Death, Bodily Injury, Property/Auto Damage, and Personal Injury (Workers' Comp and General Liability) claims
• Staff and Independent Adjuster experience
• Litigation Defense Strategist
• Corporate Witness experience
• Seven years in the United States Army; Team leadership, Facility management, Training management
• Operation Iraqi Freedom Veteran 09-10 | <urn:uuid:af289336-11cd-494e-bac0-91aa41cfbc63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.udemy.com/course/introduction-to-insurance-adjusting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.888251 | 296 | 2.03125 | 2 |
A sustainable current account balance is one that does not cause rapid changes in exchange, interest and growth rates, or require policy action such as restrictions on imports and capital transfers to correct it.
Economists use different methods to measure sustainability.
Ratio of current account to GDP
One important measure of current account sustainability is the ratio of the current account to gross domestic product (GDP). This recognises that a larger economy such as the United States can run larger deficits in dollar terms than a smaller economy such as New Zealand’s.
For New Zealand, a current account deficit higher than about 5–6% of GDP is considered unsustainable by some economists, but it has often exceeded this threshold.
Net international investment to GDP
Another way to assess current account sustainability is the ratio of a country’s net international investment position to GDP. Since the net international investment position (IIP) is the accumulation of past current account balances, a deficit can be considered sustainable if it does not excessively increase New Zealand’s net indebtedness to the rest of the world as a proportion of GDP.
In the early 2000s New Zealand’s IIP-to-GDP ratio was among the highest in the OECD, at around 85%.
Sustainability of New Zealand’s current account
Despite the fact that New Zealand’s current account exceeds the suggested ratio to GDP, and also has a high IIP-to-GDP ratio, it may not be unsustainable due to the following factors:
- Unlike the situation in early periods, New Zealand’s deficits in the 2000s are the result of private borrowing rather than official borrowing to fund fiscal deficits.
- A liberal international financial system makes it easier for New Zealanders to raise capital in offshore markets to fund domestic consumption and investment.
- Safeguards such as a floating exchange rate and an independent central bank have been introduced to help correct large deficits.
- A glut of savings in many Asian and oil-producing countries means they have been happy to lend to New Zealanders in exchange for receiving the relatively high interest payments on New Zealand debt.
- Larger proportions of New Zealand’s borrowings are now in New Zealand dollars, which reduces the impact of changes in the exchange rate on the country’s ability to service debt.
- There is a high level of Australian investment in New Zealand, but almost 50% of it is direct investment – for instance in banks, most of which are Australian-owned – and is therefore likely to be stable.
As the movement of money between countries increased, some began to run long-term deficits, and others long-term surpluses. Economists developed two new theories to explain this.
People often choose how much they want to spend or invest at any given point in time on the basis, not of their current income, but of expected future incomes over their entire lifetimes. Similarly, a country faced with a temporary boost to its national income – perhaps through better prices for its exports – may gradually, rather than dramatically, increase consumption. This kind of consumption smoothing implies a current account surplus. Current account deficits may result when countries borrow from overseas to smooth the costs of investment over time, rather than making large sacrifices to current consumption. This has been the common New Zealand strategy.
Economists have also explained persistent current account imbalances by linking these to the collective patience of a nation’s populace. If a country is more patient than the rest of the world – that is, it is willing to sacrifice comparatively larger proportions of current consumption for an increase in future consumption – then, it will run long-term current account surpluses. This phenomenon is known as consumption tilting. From this perspective New Zealand is less patient than the rest of the world as a whole.
Despite such perspectives, a comparatively large share of New Zealand’s borrowing is of a very short-term nature, and loan terms need to be renewed often. Renewing this debt may become difficult if international investors become anxious about New Zealand’s ability to service its debt or if international financial conditions deteriorate. | <urn:uuid:50b07ae6-2a76-4c0c-aa45-25bc55a3c0c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://teara.govt.nz/en/balance-of-payments/page-6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947529 | 862 | 3.375 | 3 |
What Survival Skills Require Teamwork
It s time to take survival preparing seriously as well as begin planning for the unexpected. Year Absolutely No Survival, being released today, is committed to offering you the essentials you need for making it through on the occasion that catastrophes or emergencies endanger your life. This does not indicate that you have to go into survivalist setting and prepare to survive on your own. A well-prepared family members can pull through any catastrophe. However what does it require to make it through when it comes to an emergency situation?
What Survival Skills Require Teamwork
Your preparation for calamities starts at home. You should be prepared to have a well stocked first aid package. It is essential to know what you are doing in situation a crash takes place. You must practice proper hygiene. Learn how to review emergency situation indicators and take safety measures. And also the fundamentals of survival equipment as well as materials are necessary for each household, especially if you have children. What Survival Skills Require Teamwork
Acquaint on your own with survival devices like flashlights, air duct tape, bandages, anti-septic, and also medications along with an emergency treatment set. You might intend to take into consideration buying your own materials or acquiring them at a neighborhood store or online. Stockpile on food as well as water, however make certain you have some spare diapers to change a child’s baby diapers at least two weeks before calamity strikes. Other emergency supplies you may wish to consist of in your set include portable fuel, garbage bags, candle lights, non-perishable food as well as water, bathroom tissue as well as a little portable cooking stove. You can also consist of non-perishable however still nutritious food supplements like liquid nutritional supplements. Stock up on batteries for flashlights and also light. What Survival Skills Require Teamwork
There are many methods you can prepare your house for emergencies. By prepping, we imply seeing to it you have the appropriate supplies for survival. If you live in a location where you are prone to flooding or have trees that fall on your house, it is essential that you understand how to build a basic storage space structure out of conveniently available products such as lumber and completely dry leaves to place within very easy reach. The sort of sanctuary you build depends upon the kind of survival gear you are bringing with you. What Survival Skills Require Teamwork
Bug and also pest protection is another crucial element of prepping your home all set for calamity. Make sure to acquire insect repellent, dirt spheres, repellents, as well as various other items which can assist kill any type of insects or insects inside your home and also around your boundary. If you have a garden, you can use pesticides as well as other items to maintain pests from entering your vegetable yard. Remember that when pest and insect control is stated, do not neglect the possibility of wild animals entering your lawn.
Water is another vital thing on your survival kit checklist. Water is essential for survival as it keeps your body functioning effectively as well as avoids dehydration. Stock up on bottled water, to ensure that you never go out while in dire requirement of a fresh drink. You may additionally want to include a water filter to detoxify faucet water along with an emergency situation drinking dish. You can never be also prepared. A number of survival products that are really vital for insect as well as pest control are a hand-held pocket thermostat and a tube hand pump.
If you are trying to find medical products for insect as well as bug control, you need to have walkie-talkies, additional batteries, a multi-purpose rope, needle nose and also thread, tweezers, first aid kit, and air duct tape. These things can be purchased at most stores, while others can be made by utilizing usual products and also products around your home. Take into consideration making a Do It Yourself kit, which contains basic products that are marketed in the majority of chain store. To make a DIY kit, you ought to acquire all of these items and afterwards mix them with each other. It takes a great deal of creative thinking to assemble a quality survival kit that will certainly make it through weeks without being utilized. As you learn more about the bug and also bug control, you can make your very own survival equipment and develop your own little directory of survival gear.
When it comes to having bug and also bug control, having an emergency readiness package can help you stay risk-free during an emergency situation. Bug and also pest control can be attained with a percentage of supplies and also it can conserve you important time if you have one in your daily carry checklist. Your bug and also pest control can be facilitated and enjoyable with the best products. | <urn:uuid:13a1640a-815b-4134-a0a4-1ef629c166a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://catwrench.com/what-survival-skills-require-teamwork/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.965455 | 968 | 1.90625 | 2 |
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Microsoft in collaboration with recruitment platform, gr8jobsng.com, recently organised a Recruitment Day programme to empower Nigerian youth with job opportunities in Lagos.
Coming on the theme: “Learn and be hired!”, organizers said it was aimed at creating an opportunity for potential job seekers to meet with career experts and recruiters to understand the job market, be positioned and take advantage of available jobs.
The Recruitment Day programme is unique because of the highly-practicable learning opportunities on the spot job assessment for attendees and networking opportunities for both job seekers and recruiters.
Olusola Amusan, philanthropies Lead of Microsoft Nigeria, said “Unemployment is a global issue and its scope is growing with the youth bulge and economic downturn worldwide. Microsoft is committed to finding new solutions to address this problem”.
In her submission, Mrs Omomene, CEO U-Connect, said Gr8jobsng and Microsoft are backing employment in Nigeria, improving employability and promoting understanding among job seekers.
She said “We are giving them all the tips they require to understand what it is to be before an interviewer or panel, as well as develop the relevant skills that they require”. This would give them an edge in the overall job seeking process, including presentations, interviews and everything leading up to the actual hiring.
Business Hilights is an online news channel conceptualized and structured to report and track on a daily basis; latest developments in critical business sectors to serve as a one stop news gateway for governments, foreign and indigenous investors. | <urn:uuid:349f628c-598b-43b8-9904-2a2cad5dd22f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businesshilights.com.ng/2016/11/10/microsoft-gr8jobsng-com-drill-youths-on-job-opportunities/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.943481 | 357 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Every year since 2014, Stats SA has been publishing its data on the most popular names in the country via the organisation's annual Recorded Live Births report.
Based on information recorded by the Department of Home Affairs (DHA), the report presents the national and provincial top 10 girl's names, boy's names and surnames in addition to statistics on the number of "births that occurred and were registered" in any given year since 1991.
The reports are usually compiled based on the previous year's data, which means that information on SA's top 10 names for 2019 (for example) will only be available in 2020.
Curious about which names have been popular for the last five years, we scanned through the reports and found some interesting details about baby-naming trends in South Africa.
Also see: 200 beautiful Xhosa baby names
From 2014 to 2016, the name Junior proved most popular as a boy's name, consecutively topping the top 10 list. The name Precious was the number one girl's name for two years running, topping the list in 2015 and 2016.
The most popular surname in the country, Dlamini, remained the same from 2014 to 2018, while the family name, Nkosi, was the second most popular surname from 2015 to 2018.
From 2017 to 2018, the name Enzokuhle has ranked number one for both boys and girls. Having made no appearance in the top 10 in previous years, we were curious about what had inspired the sudden rise in popularity.
A few enquiries with colleagues lead us to conclude that South African rapper, Duncan Skuva, may have had something to do with it.
His song 'Enzo' was released in early 2017, in which the father shares a touching conversation with his daughter, Enzo, warning her about the future obstacles she will face as a woman in SA. Read more about our speculation on the trendy name here: Could this rapper dad be the reason behind SA's number one baby name?
While they've not ever ranked in the number one slot, a few names have been remained popular, floating up and down the top ten list since 2014.
For girls names, this includes Amahle (2014-2018), Lesedi (2014-2015, 2017-2018), Amogelang (2014, 2016-2018) and Thandolwethu (2014 - 2017).
For boys, names like Lethabo (2014 - 2018), Siyabonga (2014-2018), Bandile (2014-2017) and Lubanzi (2016 - 2018).
For boys and girls
So many South African names are unisex, and we've found that the two most popular unisex names since 2014 have been Melokuhle and Amogelang.
Other unisex names that have proven trendy over the years have been Blessing, Omphile, Lethabo and Bokamoso.
Not all names have had staying power, and while some have proved consistently popular, some have only been featured one time in the top ten.
For girls names like Iminathi, Karabo, Tshegofatso, Faith, Siphesihle, Onthatile and Okuhle have been once-off trends.
Boys names only appearing one time on the top ten list include Khayone, Kungawo, Kamogelo, Banele and Samkelo.
What's in a name? Popular name meanings
Stats SA also included the overall popularity of name meanings, reporting that in 2014, parents leaned towards names that conveyed "happiness, acceptance and thankfulness," in 2015 and 2017, names that reflected "pride, joy, and thankfulness' were favoured while in 2016 and 2018, "love and acceptance" name meanings proved most popular.
*Find the original Recorded Live Births reports for each year below:
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Email: Share your story with us via email at chatback @ parent24.com | <urn:uuid:0c4048ab-e142-46cd-b340-10369be62d08> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.news24.com/parent/Pregnant/Baby-names/the-top-south-african-baby-names-of-the-last-5-years-20191219 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945738 | 869 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Religious Freedom in Focus is a monthly email update about the Civil Rights Division's religious liberty and religious discrimination cases. Assistant Attorney General R. Alexander Acosta has placed a priority on these cases. Through vigorous enforcement of:
- Federal statutes prohibiting religion-based discrimination in education, employment, housing, public facilities, and public accommodations;
- Federal laws against arson and vandalism of houses of worship and bias crimes against people because of their faith; and
- The Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA);
and through participation as intervenor and friend-of-the-court in cases involving the denial of equal treatment based on religion, the Civil Rights Division is working to protect the right of people of all faiths to participate fully in public life.
More information about this initiative, and back issues of this newsletter, may be found on the religious discrimination home page of the Civil Rights Division website.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Court Upholds Right of Good News Clubs to Distribute Flyers and Permission Slips
In a victory for the equal treatment of religious expression in public schools, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit agreed with the Civil Rights Division on June 30 that the Good News Club in Montgomery County, Maryland, may distribute notices about its meetings and permission slips to students on the same basis as other community groups serving children. The Civil Rights Division had filed a friend-of-the-court brief and argued the case before the Court of Appeals.
Assistant Attorney General R. Alexander Acosta applauded the decision. “The Supreme Court made clear in the Good News Club case that it is unconstitutional to discriminate against religion-oriented youth groups that want to use school facilities after hours,” he said. “The Court of Appeals has now also made clear that schools may not try to do an end-run around the Supreme Court’s decision by allowing religious groups to meet, but then denying them the opportunity to inform students and parents about meetings on equal terms with other groups.”
Good News Clubs are Christian youth organizations that hold weekly after-school meetings for children throughout the country featuring Bible-based games, stories, and other activities. Montgomery County allows most community groups serving children to provide flyers and permission slips to the school for inclusion in students' "take-home" folders and cubbies. Groups that have been permitted to distribute literature in this manner have included the Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Washington, sports leagues, the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts, Red Cross, and many others. Like many of these groups, the Good News Club holds meetings for children at school facilities after school hours. However, Montgomery refused to permit the Good News Club to give out its notices and permission slips like the other groups did, saying that the distribution system was not open to “proselytizing” or “evangelical” groups.
The Good News Club filed suit claiming that the school was unconstitutionally discriminating against it. The trial court denied the Club’s motion for a preliminary injunction to allow it to distribute its materials.
The Good News Club appealed. The Civil Rights Division filed a brief supporting the Good News Club’s position and argued the case before the Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia. The Court of Appeals agreed with the Civil Rights Division and held that the court should have required Montgomery County to let the Good News Club give out its flyers. The court noted that Montgomery County had conceded that it was engaging in viewpoint discrimination against the Good News Club. The county, however, argued that this discrimination was required by the Establishment Clause of the Constitution. Rejecting this rationale, the court held that it is “plain, under controlling precedent, that allowing [the Good News Club] access to this forum would not be likely to violate the Establishment Clause.” The court relied on the June 2001 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Good News Club v. Milford, which held that a town could not bar a Good News Club from holding after-school meetings at a public school, since the school's community-use policy permitted secular youth groups engaged in the same types of activities to use the space. The Court of Appeals likewise held that schools giving out flyers for students to take home did not amount to government support or advancement of religion. The court held that “receipt of an invitation to a religious activity (with the hope that students will deliver the invitation to their parents) simply does not rise to the level of support or participat[ion] in religion or its exercise.”
Guilty Pleas in Church Desecration Case
On July 16 the Department of Justice announced the guilty pleas of two men responsible for vandalizing the Mount Moriah Baptist Church in Roanoke, Virginia. The church is a nationally recognized historic landmark. Zachary Lee Bryant and Christopher Martin, both of Roanoke, each pleaded guilty to conspiring to violate the civil rights of the church’s African-American congregation.
R. Alexander Acosta, Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights, stated: “The deliberate desecration of a house of worship should offend all Americans. We are committed to the protection of houses of worship from attacks based on racial and religious bigotry, and will vigorously pursue those responsible for such hateful acts.”
The two men admitted to breaking into the church on January 12, 2004 and committing various acts of vandalism, including breaking windows in the sanctuary, shattering light fixtures, throwing hymnals through windows, discharging fire extinguishers, and smashing photographs of congregants that hung on the sanctuary wall.
The case was investigated by the FBI, and prosecuted by the Civil Rights Division in conjunction with the office of the United States Attorney for the Western District of Virginia.
Supreme Court Reverses Lower Court Invalidation of Pledge, Sidesteps Constitutionality Question
On June 14, the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its much-awaited decision in Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, reversing the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal’s ruling that the Pledge of Allegiance was unconstitutional. The Court, however, did not squarely address the issue of whether the pledge was constitutional or not. Instead, the Court held that the man who had brought the case, the noncustodial father of a California elementary school student, did not have legal standing to bring the suit. The Court’s ruling threw out the lower court’s decision, making the Pledge legal again in the Ninth Circuit, which covers nine western states. The failure to reach the merits of the case, however, leaves open the possibility of challenges in future cases.
Chief Justice Rehnquist and Justices O’Connor and Thomas agreed that the court of appeals should be reversed, but believed the Supreme Court should have reached the substance of the case and upheld the pledge. Chief Justice Rehnquist argued in his concurring opinion that:
The phrase “under God” is in no sense a prayer, nor an endorsement of any religion, but a simple recognition of the fact noted [by Congress]: “From the time of our earliest history our peoples and our institutions have reflected the traditional concept that our Nation was founded on a fundamental belief in God.” Reciting the pledge, or listening to others recite it, is a patriotic exercise, not a religious one; participants promise fidelity to our flag and our Nation, not to any particular God, faith, or church.
The United States had argued in its brief that the reference to God in the Pledge “permissibly acknowledges the role that faith in God has played in the formation, political foundation, and continuing development of this Country.” The pledge, the United States’ brief argued, recognizes “the undeniable historical facts that the Nation was founded by individuals who believed in God, that the Constitution’s protection of individual right and autonomy reflects those religious convictions, and that the Nation continues as a matter of demographic and cultural fact to be ‘a religious people whose institutions presuppose a Supreme Being.’”
Brief Filed in Support of Congregation in Land-Use Dispute
The Civil Rights Division filed a brief on May 19th in an important religious land-use case in California. In Guru Nanak Sikh Society of Yuba City v. County of Sutter, the Division argued to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit that the county’s successive denials of permits for a Sikh congregation to build a temple violated its rights under the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000 (RLUIPA). The Division’s brief also argued that RLUIPA was a valid exercise of Congress’s power. The Division intervened in the lawsuit after the Defendants challenged RLUIPA’s constitutionality. RLUIPA bars zoning discrimination against houses of worship in or zoning laws that cause an unjustifiable burden on religion.
The plaintiff, Guru Nanak Sikh Society of Yuba City, purchased a two-acre tract of land in a residential area in Sutter County, California. Sutter County does not permit houses of worship anywhere in the county as-of-right. Houses of worship may locate in the county only if they obtain a conditional use permit and, even then, only in six out of the county’s twenty-two zoning districts. Four of those six districts are residential, and the other two are agricultural. The County’s planning department reviewed the plan and recommended approval. However, after a public meeting at which neighbors complained about potential noise and traffic, the County Planning Commission denied the permit.
Having been rebuffed in the residential district, the Sikh Society purchased a thirty-acre plot in one of the two agricultural zones in which houses of worship are permitted by conditional use permit. This permit was also denied.
The Sikh Society filed suit under RLUIPA, and the District Court found that the County’s actions imposed a substantial burden on the Sikh Society’s religious exercise without a compelling justification. The county appealed to the Ninth Circuit. The United States’ brief argues that in light of the Society’s demonstrated good-faith efforts to site its temple in a location and in a manner that will satisfy the county’s requirements, it should not have to “continue to purchase property after property in the [six] residential and agricultural zones in the speculative hope that at some point it will obtain approval.” Under these circumstances, the brief maintains, the denial of a conditional permit violated RLUIPA. The brief also argues that RLUIPA was well within Congress’s power to enact under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Morton Grove, IL, Settles Lawsuit with School After DOJ Mediation
Ending a dispute between a religious school and a village that began in 2002, and which led to a federal lawsuit and a Civil Rights Division investigation, the Village of Morton Grove and the Muslim Community Center announced on June 2 that they had reached a settlement with the help of mediators from the Department of Justice Community Relations Service.
The Muslim Community Center operates a K-8 school in the Village of Morton Grove, Illinois. The school holds daily prayer services for its students in its gym, and had opened services on Fridays to Muslims who live and work in the area. In November 2002, the school applied for a permit to expand its facilities to provide more classrooms, and to build a mosque on the site. The proposal met with heated community opposition. Some of the opposition was based on traffic and congestion concerns. However, there also were incidents of vandalism at the school and expressions of anti-Muslim sentiment.
The Village denied the school’s permit application in April 2003. In October 2003, the school brought an action in federal court under the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA). The Civil Rights Division opened an investigation into whether the school’s rights were violated, invoking its RLUIPA enforcement authority. The Department of Justice Community Relations Service also began mediation efforts between the school and the village, and also with a group of neighbors, the Morton Grove Organization, which had filed a separate lawsuit against the school and the Village to try to block the school’s expansion plans.
After a series of mediation sessions with the Community Relations Service, the school and the Village announced in court on June 2 that they had reached an agreement on a plan that would meet the school’s expansion needs while limiting the impact on traffic, parking, and congestion. The Morton Grove Organization, however, dropped out of mediation and has said that it will continue to pursue its private suit.
United States Department of Justice
Civil Rights Division | <urn:uuid:5f8497fd-9e53-4b4a-98a5-5eaeff650e7e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.justice.gov/crt/religious-freedom-focus-volume-5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.958677 | 2,630 | 1.820313 | 2 |
If you come across a technical question regarding the installation and handling of doors, you will find the answer here in our Trade Centre. Our downloadable fact cards have all the practical advice and guidance that you will need to successfully fit and maintain all internal and external doors.
When a timely and cost-effective internal door installation is required.
This October, we are supporting the National Home Security Awareness Month cause - promoting safer homes to minimise burglaries and damage.
Owning or managing housing in the UK comes with a whole host of responsibilities, one of great importance is fire safety.
Whether you are designing, constructing or maintaining a property, one critical area that can sometimes be considered an obstruction to the project is the legal requirement for compulsory fire doors. From a designer’s point of view, this is because traditionally, fire doors were ugly and cumbersome, with practicality far outweighing aesthetics.
In the construction trade, there is clearly no room for error, as simple mistakes can have huge repercussions on the rest of the project.
The lack of skilled workers is a common complaint within the construction industry, so much so that a seminar at UK Construction week was dedicated to the subject.
In recent years, the timber doorset has become a widely recognised door installation solution with more and more specifiers and building owners advocating its use. The reason why? Government policy has filtered down and is now utilised throughout the entire construction industry.
A lot has changed within the construction industry in recent years. Health and Safety is much improved and of paramount importance to all. Technology and digital tools are nearly always utilised on-site and back in the office, with many of us accessing vital information via our smartphones or tablet devices.
Unique to the Building and Construction sector is SPEEDSET PLUS, a factory prepared door and frame package designed by Premdor to be installed quickly and simply. With the ability to be adjusted by +/- 10mm to compensate for variances within wall thicknesses, the versatility of the system means it can be installed in less than 20 minutes with no expensive specialist joinery skills.
Building Regulations relating to apartment entrance locations are particularly complex requiring a combination of multi-point security locking, Fireshield FD30 or FD60 Firedoor performance and sound reducing construction. | <urn:uuid:e9c41b0e-7e8c-4148-bcf1-6e0da36e18bc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://premdor.co.uk/advicecentre/trade | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.941919 | 460 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The strongest international partnerships at UNC-Chapel Hill have developed over the course of many years, with connections often first identified at a faculty-to-faculty scholarly or research level or through a student exchange program. Initial interactions enable faculty and staff to identify mutual goals, shared interests, curricular considerations and institutional values, establishing a foundation for linkages to extend across disciplines and gain momentum as university-level relationships. Such strategic partnerships typically involve multi-layered collaborations spanning a number of disciplines and receive sustained institutional investment; these partnerships also include faculty and student exchanges, joint research and shared institutional resources.
Carolina’s strategic partners include:
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- Global Health in Malawi and Zambia
- King’s College London
- National University of Singapore
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito
Other Key Partners
Beyond strategic partnerships, UNC-Chapel Hill has a number of flourishing school-level partnerships with institutions around the globe, most rooted in faculty relationships or student exchanges. For example:
- The Adams School of Dentistry established the DentAlliance in 2020, together with King’s College London, the National University of Singapore and the University of Melbourne, to advance and transform research, education and practice in dentistry and the oral and craniofacial health sciences.
- The Eshelman School of Pharmacy initiated the PharmAlliance in 2014. This trilateral research and educational partnership includes Monash University in Australia and University College London in England.
- The Gillings School of Global Public Health has close ties to Cambridge University in England.
- A number of departments and centers in the College of Arts and Sciences collaborate with Universität Bremen in Germany.
- The Eshelman School of Pharmacy, the School of Medicine, and the Hussman School of Journalism and Media, along with several College of Arts and Sciences departments, have relations with Fudan University in China.
- UNC-Chapel Hill’s history of work in Cuba and with Cuban institutions is reflected in relationships the College of Arts and Sciences and Gillings School of Global Public Health have with Universidad de Habana.
- There are numerous connections in the College of Arts and Sciences with Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. | <urn:uuid:be7892c4-f626-4251-a7bb-bba968ef71b2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://global.unc.edu/partners-programs/strategic-partners/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.898022 | 490 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Meet Your Friendly Neighborhood Psychopath
When one considers the breed of aberrant humanity known as psychopaths, one envisions the worst kinds of people that society can offer: serial killers, homicidal dictators, people who contribute articles to acidlogic.com. Ted Bundy, the infamous murderer who raped and killed over 30 women, would certainly qualify. So too would the "killer clown," John Wayne Gacy, who sodomized and murdered dozens of teenage boys. Without a doubt, psychopaths are busy working in the torture chambers of Third World military dictatorships. They can also be found in the world of high finance where they gamble with other people's money and cause havoc in the marketplace.
But not all psychopaths pursue such nefarious activities or exist in such unusual environments. It is estimated that 1% of the human population are psychopaths (3 to 4% fall into the broader category of Antisocial Personality Disorder.) It's likely that at some point in your life, you, dear reader, interacted with a psychopath. In fact, there might be one right behind you!
What exactly is a psychopath? It is a person with no conscience. Whereas most people have at least some empathy for their fellow man, some ability to place themselves in other people's shoes, psychopaths are incapable of such emotion. Consequently, they feel no guilt, no remorse for the terrors they inflict on others. Psychopaths are also fearless, as noted in this article on Dr. Robert Hare, a man who has studied and written about psychopathic behavior.
For his first paper, now a classic, Hare had his subjects watch a countdown timer. When it reached zero, they got a "harmless but painful" electric shock while an electrode taped to their fingers measured perspiration. Normal people would start sweating as the countdown proceeded, nervously anticipating the shock. Psychopaths didn't sweat. They didn't fear punishment -- which, presumably, also holds true outside the laboratory. In Without Conscience, he quotes a psychopathic rapist explaining why he finds it hard to empathize with his victims: "They are frightened, right? But, you see, I don't really understand it. I've been frightened myself, and it wasn't unpleasant."Such behavior could be seen "in the field," so to speak, when, in 1975 policed pulled over Ted Bundy and queried him after finding a ski mask, handcuffs and an ice pick in his car. Reportedly, he showed no signs of stress and easily confabulated a justification for his possession of such bizarre items.
One would think remorseless, fearless madmen in our midst would stand out like severed heads in a pile of pumpkins. But psychopaths are often quite skilled at hiding their inner life. They possess a superficial charm --- the much touted "mask of sanity" --- that wins people over. Indeed, it is their very charm that allows them to so easily lure victims into their traps.
In 1980 Dr. Hare --- not content with the ethereal definitions applied to terms like psychopath and sociopath* --- developed the "Psychopathy Checklist" which evolved into a diagnostic tool called the PCL-R. Individuals being assessed by the tool are assigned points for various attributes that indicate psychopathic behavior. The checklist maxes out at 40 points, anything above 30 is a general indicator that the subject is a psychopath.
* The difference between a psychopath and a sociopath is somewhat ethereal. Details are provided here.
Studies by Dr. Hare and others have noted specific behaviors exhibited by psychopaths. In one study, psychopaths were hooked up to an EEG machine which tracked their brain activity. Then they were shown various real and nonsense words. Unlike normal people, psychopaths responded to a word with emotional connotations like "cancer" no differently than they did to a word with no emotional card nations like "tree." It's also been shown that psychopaths have difficulty detecting emotions in either a person's voice or on a person's face. (Perhaps because psychopaths have a stunted inner emotional life themselves.) The result may be that a serial killer can torture his victim with the same emotional investment of a child inflicting damage on a doll.
What makes a person a psychopath? The common presumption is that there is a defect in the brain, caused by either inherited genes or social environment, particularly the environment a person grew up in as a child. (Murderer and diagnosed psychopath Henry Lee Lucas was raised in a household filled with alcoholism, violence and sexual degradation.) There are several areas of the human brain involved in the processing of emotion. The almond shaped amygdala --- involved in the process of generating emotional responses --- has been found to be smaller in individuals who score high on Dr. Hare's PCL-R checklist. And the September/October 2010 issue of Scientific American Mind magazine reports that neuroscientists have discovered a thinning of tissue of the Paralimbic system --- a series of brain regions associated with sensations and emotions --- in the brains of psychopaths.
Do these findings point in the direction of a cure for psychopathic behavior? Can a conscience be inserted into a person's brain? As noted above, psychopathic behavior seems to correspond with a decrease in the volume of specific parts of the brain. Perhaps strategies to increase the size of these areas --- using chemicals or therapeutic techniques --- could be applied. It can also be confidently stated that complete removal of the brain from the psychopath's head --- using, perhaps, a chainsaw or shotgun --- discontinues the psychopathic behavior.
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View ForbistheMighty.com for more sin and wackiness!!! | <urn:uuid:49dd4f87-d029-4a6d-b6ae-bec9b93afdcf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://acidlogic.com/psychopaths.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.962342 | 1,175 | 1.929688 | 2 |
For the past several decades, U.S. consumers have been considered an “engine” of economic growth in the United States.1 In 2012 they were responsible for just under 71 percent of U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), almost 8 percentage points higher than in 1960.2 American consumers have also played a prominent role in the global economy, accounting for just over 15 percent of world GDP in 20123 (see figure 1).
When consumers shop, they directly support4 jobs in companies that produce, transport, and sell final goods and services. Consumers also indirectly support jobs that make inputs (intermediates) requisite for final production. More U.S. jobs directly or indirectly relate to consumer spending than to all other sectors of the economy combined. In 2007, which was the business cycle peak prior to the latest economic downturn, 85.1 million nonagricultural wage and salary jobs related to consumer spending; these jobs were 61.5 percent of total nonagricultural wage and salary employment in the United States5(see figure 2). But unlike GDP, the percentage of U.S. jobs tied to consumption has fluctuated within a relatively stable range since the late 1970s because of labor-saving technologies and increased consumption of imports (see figure 3).
During the “Great Recession,” which took place from late-2007 through mid-2009, the economy steeply contracted and nearly 8.7 million jobs were lost.6 Consumer spending experienced the most severe decline since World War II.7Households cut spending, shed outstanding debt, and increased their rate of personal savings in response to reductions in income, wealth, confidence, and credit access.8
With persistently high unemployment rates, the weak revival in job growth has been one of the most debated aspects of the recent recession.9 Several structural and cyclical factors have been proposed as causes, including the nature of the financial crisis, dependency of the economy on services, economic and policy uncertainty, extended unemployment insurance, and high long-term unemployment rates.10 Many have also blamed sluggish consumer spending: as Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke stated in 2011, “Consumer behavior has both reflected and contributed to the slow pace of recovery.”11 Others made stark statements, such as, “Don't expect [U.S.] consumer spending to be the engine of economic growth it once was.”12
Using an input–output methodology, this article estimates U.S. employment related to each final demand component in the latest recession (2007–2009) and during the recovery years through 2012, with a focus on consumer spending. Though consumer behavior during and after the recession has been documented in various papers,13 the relationship between consumption and employment has not yet been quantified in the literature.14 This article also projects the number and type of U.S. jobs relating to consumer spending in 2022 using the most recent economic and employment projections developed by the Office of Occupational Statistics and Employment Projections at the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).15
BLS estimates that the number of jobs tied to consumer demand declined by 3.2 million from the 2007 employment peak to 2010, the year of the employment trough. The 3.2 million were over a third of the total 8.7 million jobs lost in that time frame, and most of the consumer-related job losses were concentrated in three industries: manufacturing, professional and business services, and retail trade.16 In contrast, over half of total job losses between 2007 and 2010 occurred in investment-related employment, which is typically more sensitive than consumer-related jobs to the business cycle. The largest annual decline in consumer-related employment occurred in 2009. In 2010, after the recession officially ended, consumer-related employment accounted for the majority of job declines in the entire economy.
Despite the postrecession decline in consumer-related employment and the historic decline in spending, consumer-related employment demonstrated relative stability both during and after the recession, upheld by gains in two sectors: health care and social assistance,17 and educational services.18 The percentage of jobs in the economy supported by consumers increased (see figure 3) as the share of investment-related employment fell to unprecedented levels. And by 2012, consumer-related employment reached prerecession marks, while overall employment did so in 2014.19 The relative resilience of consumption reflects its stability in comparison with other GDP components during economic slumps.
As the economy continues to recover and the baby boomers age, BLS projects that consumer spending will grow 2.6 percent annually from 2012 through 2022, expanding slower than in the past and at the same pace as the overall economy. The rise of consumer spending as a percentage of GDP is also anticipated to stabilize, thus ending past decades of relative growth in comparison with other GDP components (see figure 1). Consumer-related employment is projected to increase 1.0 percent annually to reach 94.7 million jobs in 2022 (see figure 2), slightly slower than both past growth rates and the projected 1.1 percent annual growth rate for all employment. But as consumer expenditures on traditionally labor-intensive services like health care continue to grow, 63.2 percent of jobs in the U.S. economy are expected to relate to consumption in 2022; this percentage is within the stable historic range (see figure 3). Over half of the new 9.1 million consumer-related jobs are anticipated to be in the health care and social assistance sector, and 94.5 percent of all consumer-related jobs are projected to be in services.
This article is arranged in the following manner: the first section reviews the methodology to translate consumer spending to employment using the input–output system, while the second section goes over prerecession consumption and employment trends. The third section summarizes consumer-related employment during the latest recession and recovery, comparing it with the economy as whole and other GDP components. The fourth section looks at consumer-related employment for major sectors and detailed industries during the latest recession and recovery. The last presents BLS projections of consumer-related and total employment through 2022.
Consumer spending, referred to interchangeably in this article as “consumer demand” or “personal consumption expenditures” (PCE), measures the purchase of goods and services by households and nonprofit institutions serving households. Furthermore, by definition PCE includes other expenditures, such as employer contributions for health insurance and workers’ compensation, imputed rent of owner-occupied housing, indirect financial services, in-kind social benefits, and expenses for pensions and life insurance.20 BLS uses annual PCE data from the National Income and Product Accounts published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). To estimate the number of U.S. jobs related to consumer demand, BLS first adjusts PCE to reflect only the purchase of U.S.-produced goods and services. Otherwise, the purchase of imports would artificially inflate U.S. production data (and jobs) according to the input–output methodology used.21 Import-adjusted consumer expenditures, or “domestic PCE,” are reported for 189 diverse industries that correspond to 17 major sectors that are then coupled into either goods-producing or service-providing categories. Domestic PCE for the 17 major sectors are listed in table 1.
|Industry||Billions of 2005 constant dollars(1)||Percent change||Annual percent change|
|< .1||.1||.1||< .1||< .1||< .1||.1||<.1||1.6|
Transportation and warehousing
Professional and business services
Health care and social assistance
Leisure and hospitality
State and local government
(1) For convenience, industry figures have been summed rather than chain weighted.
(2) Special industries, such as imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings, affect GDP but do not lead to employment.
Note: Figures may not add because of rounding.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS translates import-adjusted expenditures to employment using an input–output system, which traces the purchase of a good or service through the entire chain of production, from intermediate production to final sales. The diagram summarizes the input–output system.
BLS utilizes input–output “use” and “make” tables to determine interindustry production relationships. The “use” table shows what commodities each industry uses for production (inputs), and the “make” table shows what commodities each industry ultimately creates (outputs). Both tables are used to calculate a “total requirements table,” which shows how much total output directly and indirectly is required based on interindustry relationships per final demand dollar. Then, the total requirements table is transformed to an employment requirements table using employment–output ratios that reflect labor productivity. Import-adjusted PCE is then multiplied by the employment requirements table—which is also import-adjusted—to arrive at net annual PCE-related employment.22 The employment figure includes jobs both directly and indirectly related to PCE, but not induced employment.23 In summary, BLS first determines how much production (output) supports domestic consumer demand, and then production (output) is translated to employment using trends in labor productivity, or employment–output ratios.
In contrast to past BLS publications, in this article the terms “consumer-supported” or “consumer-related” employment are preferred to “consumer-generated” employment. This is because changes in consumer-related employment are driven not just by consumer demand, but also by factors such as the commodity distribution of demand, relationships between output and demand (total requirements matrix), and employment–output ratios. Furthermore, in the context of the recession, a simultaneity issue exists between consumer spending and total job loss: do consumers cut spending in response to an economic downturn, or is a downturn caused or worsened because of consumer behavior? For this analysis, BLS simply estimates the correlation between consumer spending and overall employment but does not assert the causal direction of the relationship.
Though most attention in this article is given to 2007–2012 and projections through 2022, long-term trends for consumption and employment use a time series dating back to 1993. Historical BLS publications are relied upon to determine approximate ranges for the period from 1977 to 1993. All spending figures are in 2005 real (inflation-adjusted) dollars and based on BEA data published in March 2013.24 Only nonfarm wage and salary employment is addressed in this article, at both an aggregate and PCE-related level.
Leading up to the 2007–2009 recession, consumer spending as a percentage of GDP had risen for 40 years, increasing from just over 61 percent in 1966 to just under 70 percent in 2006 (see figure 1). PCE growth also outpaced general economic expansion (see figure 4). Consumers bought increasingly more services, and the composition of PCE shifted over time with rising in-kind social benefits and third-party contributions towards health insurance and workers’ compensation.25 As a result, the percentage of PCE stemming from direct household expenditures declined from 84.5 percent in 1960 to 67.6 percent in 2006.26
The late 1990s saw a surge in spending as Americans bought new technology and globalization ushered in less expensive imports. Economic growth, rising home values and equity, easy credit, and declining personal savings rates also prompted higher consumer spending, supplemented by baby boomers reaching their highest earning years.27 The 2001 recession and its lingering effects briefly tempered consumer spending, but growth rates rose again as Americans spent more on durable household items, new technology, and vehicles as the housing bubble peaked in 2005.28
Even though consumer spending as a share of GDP rose several percentage points, the percentage of U.S. jobs supported by consumers fluctuated within a lower, narrow range prior to the 2007–2009 recession (see figure 3). Between 1993 and 2006, PCE-related employment accounted for roughly 60 to 62 percent of all employment. In fact, consumers have been responsible for a relatively stable percentage of total employment since the late 1970s: BLS previously estimated that PCE-related employment ranged between 61 to 63 percent for 1985–2000 and 60 to 64 percent for 1977–1993.29 But over time, a greater percentage of consumer-related jobs have been in services (see figure 5).
Between 1993 and 2007, PCE grew 3.5 percent annually while PCE-related employment grew 1.5 percent annually. Some of the discrepancy was due to increased consumption of imported goods. But domestic PCE, which removes imported goods and services, still grew 3.0 percent annually—about twice as fast as PCE-related employment. The remaining disparity between PCE and PCE-related employment can be attributed to productivity improvements, such as automation that reduces labor requirements. Broader measures of economic activity showed similar discrepancies. Overall GDP grew 3.2 percent annually between 1993 and 2007, while total employment grew 1.5 percent annually over the same period.
To understand the complete relationship between consumer spending and employment, we must also evaluate the relationship between all GDP components and employment as well. Focusing on consumer spending, this section covers employment related to each final demand component annually during the latest recession and the recovery years through 2012. The section concludes with an analysis of long-run trends affected by the recent recession.
Tables 2 and 3 document output and employment levels in the recession tied to each final demand component, as well as showing projections to 2022.30, 31 Even though the recession ended in 2009, employment changes for the 2007–2010 time period are included in table 3 because overall employment levels peaked in 2007 and troughed in 2010. Tables 1 and 4 break out domestic PCE and consumer-related employment by major sector—which are reviewed in more depth in the next section—and figure 6 illustrates quarterly PCE from 2007 through 2012. Figures 7 and 8 plot the output and employment path of each final demand component in comparison with 2007 levels,32 while figure 9 shows the net annual change of employment that is related to each final demand component.
|Gross domestic product component||Billions of chained 2005 dollars||Annual rate of change||Contribution to percentage change in real GDP|
|Personal consumption expenditures||9,262.9||9,211.7||9,032.6||9,196.1||9,428.8||9,603.3||12,380.1||2.6||1.8|
|Gross private investment||2,159.5||1,939.8||1,458.1||1,658.1||1,744.0||1,914.4||3,038.2||4.7||.7|
|State and local government||1,528.1||1,528.1||1,561.8||1,534.1||1,482.0||1,461.7||1,615.1||1.0||.1|
(1) Imports are subtracted from the other components of GDP because they are not produced in the United States.
(2) The residual is calculated as real gross domestic product, plus imports, less other components.
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (2013) and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
|Gross domestic product component||Employment in thousands||Change||Percent change||Change||Annual percent change|
|Total nonagricultural wage and salary employment||138,351.3||137,600.2||131,608.4||130,535.5||132,171.9||134,427.6||149,751.3||-7,815.8||-5.6||15,323.7||1.1|
|Personal consumption expenditures||85,144.0||85,136.4||82,971.5||81,982.0||83,839.3||85,505.8||94,650.1||-3,162.0||-3.7||9,144.3||1.0|
|Gross private investment||16,999.4||15,512.8||12,203.0||12,218.2||12,505.8||13,553.8||17,374.2||-4,781.2||-28.1||3,820.4||2.5|
|State and local government||21,739.9||21,857.5||22,058.1||21,436.2||20,832.7||20,483.0||21,192.3||-303.7||-1.4||709.3||.3|
(1) See endnote 30 in accompanying article.
Note: Figures may not add because of rounding.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
2007. In the last quarter of 2007, the first official quarter of the recession, consumer spending peaked at $9.3 trillion (see figure 6). At that time, 85.1 million jobs—61.5 percent of total U.S. employment—related to consumer spending (see figures 2–3 and table 3). Goods-producing industries claimed 8.2 percent of consumer-related employment (just under 7 million jobs), while 91.8 percent (78.2 million jobs) was in services (see figure 5 and table 4). As the housing market collapsed and the financial crisis ensued, spending and employment relating to private fixed investment—which includes spending on structures, equipment, and software related to production—continued to decline from its 2006 peak, sparking economic contraction (see figures 7–9).
|Industry||Employment in thousands||Change||Percent change||Change||Annual percent change|
Transportation and warehousing
Professional and business services
Health care and social assistance
Leisure and hospitality
State and local government
(1) Special industries impact GDP but do not lead to employment, such as imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings.
Note: Figures may not add because of rounding.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
2008. By the last quarter of 2008, as the recession deepened, consumers cut spending by over $200 billion from the previous year to just under $9.1 trillion, with lower purchases of goods, especially vehicles. Employment supported by consumer spending decreased slightly as consumer-supported jobs fell by 7,600 (see figure 9 and table 3). Nearly all PCE-related employment declines were confined to goods-producing industries (see table 4). Investment-related employment essentially accounted for the entirety of job declines for the whole economy in 2008. Government-related spending and employment at the federal level increased, while state and local government-related spending and employment remained virtually flat. Export-related spending and employment increased slightly (see figures 7–9).
2009. In 2009 consumers spent just under $9.0 trillion in the second quarter, the last official quarter of the recession. This was the lowest PCE value registered in the recession. Services were particularly affected, especially transportation, food services, recreation, and financial services. PCE-related employment declined that year by 2.2 million jobs, or 2.5 percent. Of those 2.2 million jobs, 1.7 million were in service-providing industries and 456,000 in goods-producing industries. More PCE-related (and total) jobs were lost in 2009 than any other year in the recession (see figure 9 and table 3).
Excluding government-related employment gains, lower consumer spending was associated with one-third of the 6.6-million job decrease in 2009. Half of the 6.6-million decline related to investment spending, while 17 percent related to exports. Exports have been a bright spot in the U.S. economy in recent years, and the only net annual job declines for export-related employment occurred in 2009. Meanwhile, employment related to federal, state, and local governments increased by a combined 579,000.
2010. Consumer spending slowly recovered through 2010 after bottoming out in the second quarter of 2009. The revival in spending, however, was the weakest since the 1940s, especially for services and nondurable goods.33 Spending growth of durable goods also remained low, with little boost from low interest rates for durable goods purchases.34 As for domestic PCE, consumer spending on U.S. goods-producing industries actually declined in 2010 (see table 1). With weak growth, in 2010 PCE contributed less to GDP growth than did gross private investment—the first time since 1984.
Typically, employment tends to lag output in recovery from recessions. This held for PCE-related and, consequently, total employment in the latest recession. Even as PCE slowly recovered, PCE-related employment continued to decline through 2010 with 989,500 fewer jobs—a smaller decrease than in 2009—as the economy began to turn around (see figures 8 and 9). (In contrast, employment levels increased (or decreased) the same year that output levels did for the investment, export, and government sectors in the Great Recession.) PCE-related employment recovery was also impaired by weak spending on labor-intensive services and lower purchases towards goods-producing industries. A similar number of consumer-related jobs in goods-producing industries were lost (a decline of 523,000 jobs) as service-providing ones (a 467,000 decline) in 2010 (see table 4).
Consumer-related employment accounted for the majority (61.4 percent) of job loss among GDP sectors that experienced employment declines in 2010, which was 1 year after the recession officially ended. State and local government-related employment, experiencing its first decline in this business cycle, accounted for the remainder of the decrease. Meanwhile, export-related employment improved, while investment-related employment remained essentially flat. Employment and spending related to the federal government peaked in 2010, supported by the employment increase with the administration of the 2010 Census (see figures 7–9 and tables 2–3).
In total, the number of jobs tied to consumer demand declined by 3.2 million from the 2007 employment peak to the 2010 trough, representing a 3.7 percent decrease (see table 3). By 2010, PCE-related employment stood at levels last seen in 2005. The recession had a disproportionate impact on goods-producing industries: although less than 10 percent of PCE-related jobs are involved in making goods, these industries represented 39.2 percent of consumer spending–related job reductions between 2007 and 2010. Services accounted for the remaining 60.8 percent (see table 4).
The total economy experienced a net decline of 7.8 million jobs between 2007 and 2010 as employment fell to levels last seen in 2000. This represents a 5.6-percent decrease, which was greater than the consumer-related job decrease and signaled the relative stability of PCE. After federal government–related employment increases are excluded, a total 8.7 million35 jobs were lost between 2007 and 2010. PCE-related employment accounted for over a third of this decline—36.5 percent—while over half of job reductions correlated with investment spending (see figure 10 and table 3). Because of its cyclical nature, investment-related employment experienced much larger and more rapid declines than all other sectors of the economy: between its peak and trough (2006–2009), investment-related employment fell 31.2 percent, a reduction of 5.5 million jobs. Many of those jobs were related to the construction industry. The remainder of the decline between 2007 and 2010 was in export-related employment (4.7 percent, or –407,300), and in state and local government–related employment (3.5 percent, or –303,700).36
2011. In 2011 consumer spending grew 2.5 percent, recovering to prerecessionary levels in the first quarter (see figures 6–7). The 3-year journey back to 2007 spending levels was the slowest recovery from recession since World War II.37 As for employment, PCE-related jobs increased 2.3 percent as nearly 1.9 million jobs were added. Because of the unavailability of historical PCE-related employment time series, the growth rate can’t be compared with postrecessionary time periods prior to 1993. However, 2.3 percent was generally in the range of PCE-related employment growth in the late 1990s. With 83.8 million PCE-related jobs, levels remained over a million shy of the 2007 peak (see figure 8).
In 2011 overall employment increased by 1.6 million jobs or 1.3 percent, well below the job growth following other recessions and slower than PCE-related gains. Federal government–related employment began to decline from its 2010 peak, while export-related employment reached 2007 levels. Declining government-related employment at the federal, state, and local levels, as well as weak investment-related employment growth, were the primary causes of low employment growth in 2011 (see figures 8–9 and table 3).
2012. In 2012 consumer spending and its related employment expanded slower than in 2011, as the unemployment rate remained elevated around 8 percent in the United States and the Eurozone slipped into another recession. PCE increased 1.9 percent—the slowest growth rate for a nonrecessionary year (except 2010) since 1951—while PCE-related employment expanded 2.0 percent (see figure 9 and table 3).
In 2012 PCE-related employment finally recovered recessionary losses (see figure 8). Because the time series of employment relating to consumption only extends back to 1993, the recovery from the latest recession can only be compared with the 2001 recession. In the 2001 recession, PCE-related employment took 3 years to recover to 2001 highs, and total employment took 4 years to recover. In the most recent recession, PCE-related employment recovered in 5 years, while total employment required 7. The quicker recovery of PCE-related employment in comparison with the overall economy reflects the relatively stability of consumption during the business cycle, the strong performance of some of its subsectors (see next section), and the negative toll of low investment spending on broader economic recovery in the latest recession.
In contrast to PCE-related employment, total employment expanded faster in 2012 than in 2011 as investment spending began to show stronger recovery (see figure 9)—nonetheless, the overall employment growth rate remained lower than rates typically seen following recessions. In addition to slow consumer-related employment growth, declining government-related employment and diminished export-related growth all hindered overall job growth in 2012. Total employment stood 3.9 million below 2007 levels, and investment-related employment remained at 76.4 percent of its prerecession 2006 peak.
Long-run trends. Despite the historic decline in spending, consumers nevertheless supported a higher proportion of jobs during the latest recession than they had from the inception of the data series in 1993 through 2008, although the percentage of employment related to consumer spending from 2009 to 2012 was still within the long-run historic range (see figure 3). Between 1993 and 2007, consumer-related employment fluctuated between 60 and 62 percent of total employment—at the lower end of the historic range dating to the late 1970s—when the percentage of investment-related employment increased to fuel economic expansion. But in 2009, the worst year of the recession, PCE-related employment increased to 63 percent of U.S. employment and then rose again in 2011 and 2012 as investment-related employment remained near historic lows and government-related employment began to decline (see table 3). In fact, investment-related employment declined to levels previously unobserved in this time series (which, as previously noted, dates back to 1993).
The larger role of consumption during the latest recession and recovery reflects its stability in comparison with other GDP components in the business cycle; the relative stability has been a consistent pattern with all recessions following WWII.38 Consumers still need vital goods and services like food and shelter during economic downturns even as some businesses entirely shut down. The relative stability also reflects the positive performance of specific sectors for PCE-related employment in the recession, as is discussed in the next section. Furthermore, the larger percentage of PCE-related employment as a share of all employment underscores the severity of the recession. As seen in figure 3, PCE-related employment as a percentage of all employment tends to increase during economic contractions, when investment-related employment declines more rapidly, and decrease during expansions, when investment-related employment rises more quickly. Figures 7 and 8 also demonstrate the volatility of each GDP component and the whole economy for output and employment and further reveal the relative stability of PCE.
This section analyzes PCE-related employment at the major sector and detailed industry levels, including the most consumer-dependent industries, from 2007 through 2012. For major sectors, it analyzes overall 2007–2010 employment changes, specific declines in 2010 (the year when consumer-related employment constituted the majority of job declines), and the recovery. For detailed industries, the research focuses on 2007–2010 changes exclusively. The section then concludes with an analysis of long-run sector trends that were affected by the recession. Table 1 shows domestic PCE and table 4 breaks down PCE-related employment for 17 major sectors.
PCE-related employment by major sector. A few sectors were not as affected by the latest recession, and they added PCE-related employment from 2007 to 2010. Because of the aging of baby boomers and the increased demand for health care, the health care and social assistance industry added nearly 1.1 million jobs related to PCE (see tables 1 and 4). With tight economic conditions, enrollment in postsecondary education programs increased—especially community colleges—leading to over 253,000 more PCE-related jobs in educational services.39 With a 9.0 percent growth rate, this sector grew faster than any other for consumer-related (and total) employment during the recession, followed by the health care and social assistance industry, which grew 7.2 percent. State and local government employment related to consumers grew 2.0 percent by adding 36,700 jobs. These jobs included mostly transportation and enterprises such as utilities, transit systems (including parking and tolls), and gambling. Consumer-related employment also increased, by 7,500, in private utilities.
The remaining sectors were responsible for nearly 4.5 million consumer-related job losses between 2007 and 2010. Of those 4.5 million jobs, just over three-quarters were concentrated in five industries: manufacturing, professional and business services, retail trade, financial activities, and wholesale trade. Manufacturing jobs related to U.S. consumption declined by over 1.1 million, while professional and business services declined by 889,500. Most of the declines in professional and business service jobs were in the employment services category, primarily an intermediate service that includes employment placement agencies, temporary help services, and professional employer organizations. PCE-related employment also declined by 614,800 for retail trade (4.3 percent), 431,000 for financial activities (6.2 percent), and 358,700 for wholesale trade (10.4 percent).40
From 2009 to 2010, when the majority of employment declines were consumer-related, five major industry sectors were primarily responsible for the PCE-related job declines: manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation, and financial activities. PCE-related manufacturing jobs alone declined by 414,400. As for services, wholesale trade was particularly affected, with PCE-related employment decreasing by 8 percent (266,700 jobs). In total, more goods-producing jobs tied to consumption were lost than service-providing jobs in 2010. This differs from 2009, when more service-providing jobs were lost. The larger decline in goods-producing jobs in 2010 coincided with a larger decline in consumer demand for those industries than the previous year (see tables 1 and 4).
The recovery of PCE-related employment in 2012 to prerecession levels varied by major sector, and largely occurred in industries that weren’t as affected by the recession. In 2012 six major sectors surpassed 2007 levels: utilities, professional and business services, educational services, health care and social assistance, leisure and hospitality, and state and local government. Only two of those sectors actually had experienced PCE-related declines between 2007 and 2010: professional and business services, and leisure and hospitality. As for sectors that did not recover, in 2012 PCE-related wholesale trade jobs remained 235,000 jobs below 2007 levels, while PCE-related employment in retail trade had 58,000 fewer jobs than in 2007 . Financial activities had 424,000 fewer PCE-related jobs, while manufacturing lost more than 1 million such jobs.
In comparison with the recovery from the 2001 recession, the severity of the recent recession can be observed at the major sector level. For example, both the professional and business services sector and the leisure and hospitality sector required 1 more year to recover PCE-related employment in the latest recession than in the 2001 recession. Furthermore, PCE-related jobs in retail trade had not recovered as of 2012—5 years after the recession began—while they required 4 years to recover from the 2001 recession. PCE-related jobs in wholesale trade hadn’t recovered as of 2012 either, whereas they took 6 years to recover after the 2001 recession.
PCE-related employment by detailed industry: Table 5 shows the detailed industries with the top 10 largest and most rapid consumer-related employment declines from 2007 to 2010. All of the industries with the largest job declines were services—such as trade, finance, information services, and food services—with the exception of printing and related support activities. Seven of the industries with the largest PCE-related declines were among the industries that also experienced the largest employment declines in the overall economy, with the exception of private households, telecommunications, and printing and related support activities. Lower consumer spending correlated with the most PCE-related job reductions in the retail trade industry, which declined by 614,800 jobs.
|Largest declines||Level change||Most rapid declines(2)||Percent change|
|Retail trade(1)||-614,832||Motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing(1)||-49.2|
|Employment services(1)||-588,033||Ship and boat building||-45.1|
|Wholesale trade(1)||-358,651||Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing||-40.3|
|Monetary authorities, credit intermediation, and related activities(1)||-238,303||Spring and wire product manufacturing||-38.2|
|Food services and drinking places(1)||-158,388||Motor vehicle parts manufacturing(1)||-38.1|
|Private households||-146,000||Motor vehicle manufacturing(1)||-38.0|
|Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers(1)||-109,163||Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood product manufacturing(1)||-37.9|
|Telecommunications||-102,229||Other transportation equipment manufacturing||-37.3|
|Truck transportation(1)||-99,068||Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media(1)||-37.2|
|Printing and related support activities||-89,841||Audio and video equipment manufacturing(1)||-36.8|
|Largest gains||Level change||Most rapid gains(2)||Percent change|
|Hospitals(1)||303,348||Federal enterprises except the postal service and electric utilities(1)(3)||20.0|
|Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools(1)||176,006||Home health care services(1)||18.8|
|Home health care services(1)||171,148||Individual and family services(1)||16.2|
|Individual and family services(1)||168,950||Grantmaking and giving services and social advocacy organizations(1)||13.0|
|Offices of health practitioners(1)||163,749||Outpatient, laboratory, and other ambulatory care services(1)||12.8|
|Nursing and residential care facilities(1)||149,089||Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools(1)||12.0|
|Outpatient, laboratory, and other ambulatory care services(1)||120,413||Software publishers||11.5|
|Religious organizations||70,754||Other educational services(1)||11.4|
|Other educational services(1)||60,757||Hospitals||7.1|
|Local government enterprises except passenger transit||44,500||Nursing and residential care facilities||5.4|
(1) Also listed among the top 10 industries that changed in the total economy.
(2) Note that industries with rapid gains or losses may have low personal consumption expenditures-related employment, hence small absolute changes translate to large percentage changes.
(3) Federal enterprises are typically intermediate services, like the National Flood Insurance Program.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The 10 industries with the most rapid declines in PCE-related jobs were all manufacturing industries. Several were involved in the housing and auto markets, such as motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (–49.2 percent); motor vehicle parts manufacturing (–38.1 percent); motor vehicle manufacturing (–38.0 percent); and veneer, plywood, and engineered wood product manufacturing (–37.9 percent). Six of the industries with the most rapid PCE-related job declines were also among the top 10 industries with the most rapid declines in the overall economy. The remaining four industries with the most rapid job declines for the overall economy were all investment-related in the construction industry. (Note that some of the industries that shed jobs most quickly when consumer demand lessened had a low base of consumer-related employment to begin with).
Table 5 also shows the detailed industries with the largest and most rapid gains in consumer-related employment during the latest recession. Industries that gained the most jobs related to consumer spending were typically in the health care or education sectors. Health care and education jobs were also among the fastest growing for both consumer-related employment and total employment.
Table 6 ranks the top 20 detailed industries that were most dependent on consumer spending in 2010—meaning industries with the highest ratio of PCE-related jobs to total jobs—and shows how they fared during the recent recession. With the exception of beverage manufacturing, the last in the ranking, all industries most dependent on consumers were service-providing industries. Just over half of the most consumer-dependent industries gained jobs between 2007 and 2010, many because they are in the health care and education fields. Other heavily dependent industries with higher income elasticities of demand, such as recreation and personal services industries, experienced declines associated with lower consumer spending in the recession.
|Detailed industry||Percent of total employment related to PCE, 2010||PCE-related employment change (in thousands), 2007–2010||Percent change, 2007–2010|
Personal care services
Home health care services
Grantmaking and giving services and social advocacy organizations
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions
Individual and family services
Elementary and secondary schools
Outpatient, laboratory, and other ambulatory care services
Death care services
Child day care services
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles
Community and vocational rehabilitation services
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools
Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries
Other educational services
Offices of health practitioners
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The industry composed of grantmaking, giving services, and social advocacy organizations is also heavily dependent on PCE. Most PCE in this industry comes from the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households. PCE-related employment grew 13.0 percent between 2007 and 2010 for this industry, putting it among the fastest growing industries for both consumer-related and total employment during this time frame. Employment and spending growth in this industry dissipated as the weak recovery of the recession took place through 2011 and 2012.
Long-run trends. The recent recession had a notable impact on two long-run trends relating to employment and consumer spending: first, the percentage of PCE-related jobs devoted to health care and social assistance increased; and second, the percentage of PCE-related manufacturing jobs declined.
The percentage of PCE-related jobs in the health care and social assistance industry increased relative to other sectors during the 2007–2009 recession, rising from 17.4 percent in 2007 to 19.3 percent in 2010, as other sectors were affected by the recession and baby boomers continued to age (see figure 11 and table 4). On the other hand, the percentage of PCE-related jobs in the retail industry hovered around 16.5 percent. In 2011 and 2012, as employment began to recover in other sectors, the percentage of PCE-related jobs in the health care and social assistance sector held steady. With aging baby boomers, however, upward employment pressure will likely continue for this industry (see projections section).
The recession also had an impact on the decline of PCE-related manufacturing jobs. Consumers—who support over 40 percent of all U.S. manufacturing jobs—have increased spending on items from U.S. manufacturing industries over the past several decades.41 Yet the number of jobs required to satisfy that demand has fallen because of productivity gains. The same pattern exists for all manufacturing jobs in the United States. As seen in table 4, the latest recession intensified the decline of consumer-supported employment in manufacturing industries between 2007 and 2010. Yet in 2011 and 2012, manufacturing jobs tied to consumption (and the overall economy) did not decline for the first time since 1998. Higher domestic demand for the products of U.S. manufacturing industries appears to have reversed the decline in those years (see table 1).42
With the impact of the Great Recession on consumers and with the aging of the U.S. population, will consumers drive economic growth through 2022? Will they continue to support the majority of U.S. jobs? To determine the impact of consumer spending on future economic growth, we take into consideration both the projected output of the U.S. economy and employment estimated for a full-employment economy.
Output. BLS projects that the 2007–2009 recession and other factors will have an adverse effect on the U.S. economic outlook through 2022.43 The aging of the population, lack of business investment during the recession, and high long-term unemployment are expected to place constraints on potential GDP growth. As such, U.S. GDP is not expected to attain the higher growth rates that are typically seen following recessions as the economy settles into a “new normal.” BLS projects that GDP will increase to $17.6 trillion by 2022 at a 2.6-percent compound annual growth rate, which is slower than prerecession growth rates (see figure 4 and table 2).
Consumer spending, like the total economy, is projected to experience slower growth than its prerecession rates as demographics shift and consumer behavior changes. As the baby boomers leave the labor force, their consumption is expected to decline and shift more towards services. In fact, BLS projects that 58.6 million people—17.3 percent of the population—will be over age 65 by 2022, compared with 41.9 million, or 13.3 percent, in 2012.44 In addition, the latest recession is expected to alter consumer behavior in the long run with an expected personal savings rate of 3.7 percent in 2022; this is higher than the prerecession rates, which were based on higher household net worth and reliance on credit.45 Per-capita real disposable income is also projected to grow more slowly than it did prior to the 2007–2009 recession. A projected expansion of 1.8 percent annually is faster than the 0.9-percent growth for 2002–2012 but short of the 2.3-percent growth for 1992–2002.46
In light of these factors, BLS projects that PCE, growing at the same rate as the overall economy, will expand 2.6 percent annually between 2012 and 2022 (see figure 4 and table 2). This differs from every 10-year time span since 1942, during which consumer spending grew faster than did the overall economy. The projected growth of PCE is more rapid than the 1.8-percent annual compound growth rate for 2002–2012 but slower than the swift 3.8-percent annual rate for 1992–2002 and the 2.9-percent annual rate for 2002–2007. Consumers are projected to be responsible for 67.4 percent of all GDP growth; this percentage is lower than in previous decades, when PCE accounted for 75.3 and 80.8 percent of growth for 1992–2002 and 2002–2012, respectively.47 The distributional change is typical for postrecessionary periods, because investment revives to make other GDP components appear less important. With the resurgence in investment, strong growth in exports, and the changing demographics of consumers, the decades-long rise of consumer spending as a percentage of nominal GDP is expected to stabilize (see figure 1).
Employment: Total employment, by expanding at an annual growth rate of 1.1 percent and adding 15.3 million more jobs, is projected to reach 149.8 million by 2022 (see figure 2 and table 3).48 This growth rate is faster than the 2002–2012 annual 0.3-percent rate that was dampened by the recession, but is slower than the 1.8 percent achieved for 1992–2002 and equivalent to the 1.1 percent for 2002–2007. Over 90 percent of the new jobs are anticipated to be in services, with the remaining growth coming from the recovering construction industry. Nearly a third of job growth is projected to be in the health care and social assistance sector.
Because the majority of jobs in services—which are expected to account for over 90 percent of new job growth—relate to PCE,49 consumers are projected to remain a stable and important force in the economy through 2022. The health care and social assistance sector alone, which is projected to supply nearly a third of new jobs, is overwhelmingly dependent on consumers by definition.50 By 2022 consumers are projected to support an additional 9.1 million jobs, or 59.7 percent of all job growth, with PCE-related jobs increasing to 94.7 million (see figure 2 and table 3). This represents 63.2 percent of 2022 projected U.S. employment and is at the higher end of the stable historic range (see figure 3). The percentage of all jobs related to consumers tends to decline during times of economic expansion as investment-related employment increases in share (see figure 3); through 2022, however, upward pressure exists for PCE-related employment with the growth of labor-intensive, consumer-dependent industries such as health care.
Like PCE, employment related to PCE is projected to grow slower than it did prior to the latest recession. Between 2012 and 2022, PCE-related employment is projected to grow 1.0 percent annually, slower than the 1.5 percent for 1993–2007 and the 1.1 percent for 2002–2007. The PCE-related employment projected growth rate is slightly slower than, though similar to, the projected 1.1-percent annual growth rate for all employment through 2022.
In comparison with PCE-related employment, employment related to investment is projected to grow 2.5 percent annually, reaching 17.4 million in 2022, as the investment sector continues to recover from the recession. Growing faster than any other GDP component, export-related jobs are projected to increase 2.7 percent annually to reach 12.3 million in 2022. For the public sector, employment related to the federal government is projected to decline, while employment related to state and local government is projected to grow 0.3 percent annually to reach 21.2 million.
Seven of the top ten industries projected to have the largest growth through 2022—most notably health care–related industries—are largely dependent upon consumer spending, as seen in table 7. Consumer spending also plays a prominent role in 4 of the top 10 industries projected to experience the fastest growth through 2022, as seen in table 8. The other fastest growing industries in the overall economy are involved with construction as investment spending rebounds. Several of the top industries with expected large and rapid declines also depend largely on PCE, but not to the extent of those with large and rapid projected job gains do.
|Industry description||Thousands of jobs||Change||Compound annual rate of change||Percent of employment related to personal consumption expenditures|
|Offices of health practitioners||3,968||5,194||1,226||2.7||96.4|
|Food services and drinking places||9,963||10,852||888||.9||94.1|
|Nursing and residential care facilities||3,194||3,954||761||2.2||93.0|
|Home health care services||1,199||1,914||716||4.8||99.9|
|Individual and family services||1,311||2,023||712||4.4||99.4|
|Computer systems design and related services||1,620||2,229||609||3.2||20.3|
|Outpatient, laboratory, and other ambulatory care services||1,151||1,674||522||3.8||98.1|
|Management, scientific, and technical consulting services||1,121||1,577||456||3.5||60.0|
|General local government educational services compensation||7,779||8,234||454||.6||.0|
|Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools||1,763||2,197||433||2.2||98.2|
|Services to buildings and dwellings||1,830||2,109||279||1.4||74.3|
|Architectural, engineering, and related services||1,323||1,596||272||1.9||23.2|
|Child day care services||856||1,052||197||2.1||98.7|
|Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities||814||1,001||187||2.1||76.7|
|General federal nondefense government compensation||1,557||1,376||-180||-1.2||.0|
|Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers||452||347||-105||-2.6||76.9|
|State government enterprises||500||442||-58||-1.2||88.6|
|Other miscellaneous manufacturing||268||211||-57||-2.4||54.2|
|Textile mills and textile product mills||235||183||-52||-2.4||63.9|
|Electric power generation, transmission and distribution||397||351||-46||-1.2||83.2|
|General federal defense government compensation||550||505||-45||-.9||.0|
|Couriers and messengers||533||489||-44||-.9||57.4|
|Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing||159||119||-40||-2.9||24.9|
|Plastics product manufacturing||516||477||-39||-.8||50.4|
|Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing||400||367||-33||-.9||5.3|
|Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing||384||353||-31||-.8||19.9|
|Aerospace product and parts manufacturing||497||467||-31||-.6||4.7|
|Communications equipment manufacturing||110||79||-31||-3.3||12.3|
|Printing and related support activities||462||434||-28||-.6||65.8|
|Metalworking machinery manufacturing||177||154||-23||-1.4||11.0|
|Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.|
|Industry description||Thousands of jobs||Change||Compound annual rate of change||Percent of employment related to personal consumption expenditures|
|Home health care services||1,198.6||1,914.3||715.7||4.8||99.9|
|Individual and family services||1,311.4||2,022.9||711.5||4.4||99.4|
|Outpatient, laboratory, and other ambulatory care services||1,151.4||1,673.7||522.3||3.8||98.1|
|Management, scientific, and technical consulting services||1,121.1||1,577.1||456.0||3.5||60.0|
|Computer systems design and related services||1,620.3||2,229.0||608.7||3.2||20.3|
|Cement and concrete product manufacturing||161.6||218.9||57.3||3.1||31.5|
|Office administrative services||426.4||571.3||144.9||3.0||63.2|
|Offices of health practitioners||3,968.0||5,193.8||1,225.8||2.7||96.4|
|Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood product manufacturing||63.8||83.5||19.7||2.7||38.0|
|Facilities support services||125.8||164.4||38.6||2.7||37.9|
|Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment rental and leasing||132.2||167.1||34.9||2.4||44.5|
|Other professional, scientific, and technical services||609.5||761.0||151.5||2.2||70.1|
|Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools||1,763.2||2,196.6||433.4||2.2||98.2|
|Nursing and residential care facilities||3,193.5||3,954.2||760.7||2.2||93.0|
|Other educational services||671.5||830.3||158.8||2.1||97.1|
|Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles||86.8||107.3||20.5||2.1||98.6|
|Child day care services||855.5||1,052.0||196.5||2.1||98.7|
|Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities||814.4||1,001.0||186.6||2.1||76.7|
|Most rapidly declining|
|Leather and allied product manufacturing||29.4||18.5||-10.9||-4.5||64.7|
|Communications equipment manufacturing||109.5||78.6||-30.9||-3.3||12.3|
|Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing||158.6||118.7||-39.9||-2.9||24.9|
|Spring and wire product manufacturing||41.6||31.3||-10.3||-2.8||29.0|
|Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers||451.8||346.8||-105.0||-2.6||76.9|
|Textile mills and textile product mills||234.6||183.1||-51.5||-2.4||63.9|
|Other miscellaneous manufacturing||268.4||211.1||-57.3||-2.4||54.2|
|Glass and glass product manufacturing||80.0||64.0||-16.0||-2.2||50.3|
|Sugar and confectionery product manufacturing||66.8||53.5||-13.3||-2.2||88.9|
|Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills||108.2||86.8||-21.4||-2.2||59.4|
|Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing||36.8||29.8||-7.0||-2.1||53.8|
|Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media||21.0||17.2||-3.8||-2.0||44.1|
|Audio and video equipment manufacturing||19.9||16.4||-3.5||-1.9||41.9|
|Natural gas distribution||109.7||92.1||-17.6||-1.7||77.3|
|Other chemical product and preparation manufacturing||80.8||67.9||-12.9||-1.7||37.0|
|Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.|
Focusing on consumer-related employment, we see that the Bureau projects employment to decline in goods-producing industries—mostly manufacturing—even though BLS anticipates more consumer demand for U.S.-made goods. By 2022, goods-producing jobs related to PCE are expected to decline by 528,000, or 1.0 percent annually, with continuous productivity gains in accordance with long-run trends (see table 4). PCE-related employment declines in apparel manufacturing, miscellaneous manufacturing, textile mills, plastics product manufacturing, and printing and related support activities are expected to drive the decrease. However, like the decline of manufacturing jobs in the overall economy, the decline of manufacturing jobs tied to domestic PCE is expected to slow in comparison with the past decade. Meanwhile, domestic consumer purchases from these industries are expected to grow 1.8 percent annually between 2012 and 2022 (see table 1).
The services sector is expected to account for virtually all consumer-related employment gains between 2012 and 2022 (see table 4). Domestic PCE for services are projected to grow 2.7 percent annually (see table 1), while PCE-related employment in services is projected to grow 1.2 percent annually to add 9.7 million more jobs by 2022. Six service industries will be responsible for most of the expected consumer-related jobs gains: health care and social assistance (+5.1 million to 21.4 million), professional and business services (+1.5 million to 11.6 million), leisure and hospitality (+1.1 million to 14.0 million), retail trade (+805,400 to 14.9 million), education (+653,500 to 3.9 million), and other services (+570,600 to 6.4 million). In total, consumer-supported jobs in services are projected to reach 89.4 million in 2022 and account for 94.5 percent of all PCE-related jobs.
Health care and social assistance jobs alone are anticipated to account for more than half of the total PCE-related employment gains between 2012 and 2022. This sector is projected to account for 22.6 percent of total consumer-supported jobs by 2022, a notable rise from the 14.7 percent that the sector claimed back in 1993 (see figure 11 and table 4). Because of the aging of baby boomers and rising demand for health care, consumer-related employment in health care and social assistance is expected to increase both the most and the fastest of all sectors through 2022. The rise of health care and social assistance jobs among consumer-supported employment reflects the economy as a whole; this industry is projected to surpass the state and local government sector as the largest U.S. employer. As for spending, domestic consumption of health care and social assistance is projected to experience strong growth, increasing 3.2 percent annually to reach $2.3 trillion (see table 1).
Other highlights of projected PCE-related employment in service sectors include continued long-run employment declines in information services and federal government (mostly Postal Service) jobs tied to PCE and declines in utilities and wholesale trade jobs. Two industries that are projected to add PCE-related jobs are still not expected to completely recover from the latest recession by 2022: transportation and warehousing, and financial activities.
THERE WERE 85.1 MILLION JOBS SUPPORTED BY CONSUMERS IN 2007, or 61.5 percent of all U.S. employment. By 2010, in the aftermath of the recession, consumer-related employment had declined by 3.2 million to levels last seen in 2005. These declines accounted for over a third of total job losses between the 2007 employment peak and the 2010 trough of the Great Recession. In 2010, consumer-related job reductions accounted for the majority of job losses in the economy. Through 2011 and 2012, consumer-related employment grew at rates similar to those of the late 1990s, though growth slowed slightly in 2012. Consumer-related employment recovered in 2012, 5 years after the recession began—this was 2 years longer than the 2001 recession required.
Despite the historic decline in output and jobs, consumers displayed relative resilience during the 2007–2009 recession and recovery. This resilience is consistent with other economic contractions, as PCE and its related employment tend to be less volatile than other GDP components; not surprisingly, the percentage of jobs tied to PCE climbed as investment-related employment fell to historically low levels. In comparison with the overall economy, consumer spending and its related employment declined less severely and recovered sooner. The recovery and relative resilience of PCE was fueled in large part by industries that were not affected negatively by the latest recession: educational services and the health care and social assistance industry.
With changing demographics, the impact of the 2007–2009 recession, and increasing global exchange and growth, some wonder if U.S. consumers will be an “engine” for economic growth in the future. Through 2022, BLS projects that the rise of consumer spending as a percent of nominal U.S. GDP will stabilize, and that consumer spending will grow at the same pace as the overall economy with slower growth than seen in the past. The percentage of employment related to PCE is projected to not deviate much from its historical range as expenditures on traditionally labor-intensive services, like health care and social assistance, continue to rise. By 2022 BLS projects that consumers will be responsible for 70.5 percent of nominal U.S. GDP and 63.2 percent of total U.S. employment as consumers spend $12.4 trillion to support more than 94.7 million jobs. Nearly 95 percent of all PCE-related jobs are projected to be in services, and over half of PCE-related job growth is expected to occur in the health care and social assistance sector. Though PCE and its related employment are projected to grow slower than in the past and at rates similar to the overall economy, consumers are still expected to play a stable and important role in economic output and growth.
Stephanie Hugie Barello, "Consumer spending and U.S. employment from the 2007–2009 recession through 2022," Monthly Labor Review, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, October 2014, https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2014.34
2 Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) data from March 2013 does not include the National Income and Product Account (NIPA) comprehensive revision from July 2013. With the revision, consumer spending as a percentage of GDP is now slightly lower. To be consistent with data used for the 2012–2022 employment projections, BEA’s March 2013 data are used for the rest of this paper.
3 World Bank data, March 2013.
4 The terms “consumer-supported” or “consumer-related” employment are preferred to “consumer-generated” employment in this paper, in contrast to past BLS publications. See methodology section for more details.
5 Employment throughout the rest of this article will be nonagricultural wage and salary employment only.
7 See Mariacristina De Nardi, Eric French, and David Benson, “Consumption and the Great Recession,” NBER working paper 17688 (Washington, DC: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2011) and endnote 2.
8 Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) downloaded March 2013 and “The financial crisis at the kitchen table: trends in household debt and credit” Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Current Issues in Economics and Finance, vol. 13, no. 2, 2013.
9 For example, see speech by Janet L. Yellen as vice chair of the Federal Reserve Board, “A painfully slow recovery for America’s workers: causes, implications, and the Federal Reserve’s response,” February 11, 2013.
10 For example, see Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff, “The aftermath of financial crises,”2009); Martha L. Olney and Aaron Pacitti, “Goods, services, and the pace of economic recovery,” Berkeley Economic History Lab working paper 2013-04, March 2013; Scott R. Baker, Nicholas Bloom, and Steven J. Davis, “Has economic policy uncertainty hampered the recovery?” Chicago Booth paper no. 12-06, February 7, 2012; and Mary Daly, Bart Hobijn, Aysegul Sahin, and Rob Valletta, “A rising natural rate of unemployment: transitory or permanent?” Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco working paper 2011-05, September 2011.
12 See Williams R. Emmons, “Don't expect consumer spending to be the engine of economic growth it once was,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, The Regional Economist, January 2012, and Kathleen Madigan, “Sorry, world, U.S. consumers can't save you,” Wall Street Journal, May 13, 2013.
13 For example, see the following: De Nardi, French, and Benson, “Consumption and the Great Recession;” Emmons, “Don’t expect consumer spending;” and Ivaylo D. Petev and Luigi Pistaferri, “Consumption in the Great Recession,” The Russell Sage Foundation and The Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality, Recession Trends, October 2012.
14 For a review of industry employment in the latest recession for the whole economy, see Christopher J. Goodman and Steven M. Mance, “Employment loss and the 2007-09 recession: an overview,” Monthly Labor Review, April 2011.
15 BLS projections cover a 10-year period. BLS projections are based on structural economic trends as BLS assumes a full-employment economy for the target year of the projections and does not attempt to predict fluctuations in the business cycle. In a full-employment economy, any unemployment is frictional—meaning it is attributable to workers transitioning between jobs.
16 The 8.7-million job decrease between 2007 and 2010 is calculated on an annual basis and does not include federal government-related employment increases. The annual figure was selected because consumer-related employment is only available on an annual basis. This differs from the net 8.8-million job decline on a monthly basis between the monthly employment peak and trough of December 2007 and February 2010, respectively, calculated from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) and the Current Population Survey (CPS). The monthly figure is calculated using total nonfarm payroll employment plus private household employment less logging. Monthly figures are seasonally adjusted except for private household employment, which is only available on a nonseasonally adjusted basis.
17 Medical care paid on behalf of households by third parties, like employers and the government, is included in health care consumer spending. Health insurance paid by third parties is not included in health care consumer spending, but is included in consumer spending on financial activities. The social assistance component of the aggregate health care and social assistance sector includes individual and family services, community and vocational rehabilitation services, and child day care services.
18 Consumer spending includes both public and private tuition and fees. See chapter 5 of Concepts and methods of the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts (Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2014).
19 Calculated using the method described in endnote 16 to estimate monthly employment, April 2014 total nonagricultural wage and salary employment was 139.1 million, approximately equal to December 2007. Calculated using preliminary data retrieved on June 2, 2014.
21 Eliminating imports from the calculation of PCE does not, however, remove the positive employment impact that imports have on the transportation and trade (retail and wholesale) sectors in the data set.
22 BLS assumes that the employment requirements table for the whole economy holds for individual GDP components.
23 Direct employment is employment in industries that produce final goods or services. Indirect employment is employment in industries that supply inputs to industries which produce the final product. People employed both directly and indirectly will spend a majority of their earned income on consumption, which further supports employment. The latter type of employment, called “induced employment,” is not measured by BLS.
24 See endnote 2.
26 Author’s estimation with methodology used in Mayerhauser, “Inside look at U.S. Consumers.” Use of older BEA data to be consistent with BLS employment projections leads to slightly different 2012 estimates than in Mayerhauser. All data are from March 2013, with the exception of 2012 estimates for in-kind social benefits and employer contributions for health insurance and workers’ compensation, which are from July 2013.
27 In the year 2000, baby boomers—born between 1946 and 1964—were ages 36 to 54 years.
28 See Michael L. Walden, “Where did we indulge? Consumer spending during the asset boom,” Monthly Labor Review, March 2013.
29 See Toossi, “Consumer spending,” and Janet Pfleeger, “U.S. consumers: which jobs are they creating?” Monthly Labor Review, June 1996. Note that both Toossi and Pfleeger also counted agricultural wage and salary employment. In addition, Pfleeger included self-employment plus unpaid family employment in her definition of employment.
30 Recall that employment tied to each GDP component equals direct plus indirect employment. Investment-related employment is associated with private fixed investment, which is spending on fixed assets like structures, equipment, and software (see chapter 6 of Concepts and methods). All trade-related employment is essentially tied to exports, with import-related employment accounting for less than 1 percent of total employment. As such, all trade-related employment in this paper can be assumed to be export-related employment only.
31 Contact author for PCE-related employment data dating back to 1993.
32 Note that investment peaked in 2006, so 2007 levels don’t represent the series’ prerecession peak.
33 De Nardi, French, and Benson, “Consumption and the Great Recession,” and Petev and Pistaferri, “Consumption in the Great Recession
34 Willem Van Zandweghe and John Carter Braxton, “Has durable goods spending become less sensitive to interest rates?” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Economic Review, fourth quarter 2013.
35 See endnote 16.
36 Note that investment, exports, and government-related employment experienced peaks and troughs at different times than PCE—hence why job declines by component for 2007–2010 differ from their respective individual peak-to-trough declines.
37 De Nardi, French, and Benson, “Consumption and the Great Recession.”
38 De Nardi, French, and Benson, “Consumption and the Great Recession.”
39 “National postsecondary enrollment trends: before, during, and after the Great Recession,” National Student Clearinghouse Research Center and Project on Academic Success, Indiana University Signature Report 1, July 2011.
40 Figures differ from table 4 because of rounding.
41 BLS estimates that domestic consumer demand for U.S. manufactured goods increased from $852.8 billion in 1993 to $1.1 trillion in 2012. Contact author for complete historical time series.
42 Contact author for complete 1993–2012 time series for domestic PCE on U.S. manufacturing and the related employment to observe the long-term spending and employment interaction.
43 See Maggie C. Woodward, “The U.S. economy to 2022: settling into a new normal,” Monthly Labor Review, December 2013. Also see endnote 15.
44 See Mitra Toossi, “Labor force projections to 2022: the labor force participation rate continues to fall,” Monthly Labor Review, December 2013.
45 Woodward, “The U.S. economy to 2022.”
46 Woodward, “The U.S. economy to 2022.”
47 Woodward, “The U.S. economy to 2022.” Estimates differ from table 2 because of rounding.
48 See Richard L. Henderson, “Industry employment and output projections to 2022,” Monthly Labor Review, December 2013.
49 In 2012, 68.7 percent of services jobs were consumer-related.
50 See endnote 17. In 2012, 96.3 percent of all jobs in the health care and social assistance sector were consumer-related. | <urn:uuid:8d5a941a-1d10-4712-a427-4d5b9687b978> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2014/article/Consumer-spending-and-US-employment-from-the-recession-through-2022.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.923367 | 19,148 | 3.125 | 3 |
You will see how the long-time tradition is combined with modern technology.
Depicting the brewing history in the town of České Budějovice in a remarkable way, the multimedia exposition called “The Tale of Beer from Budějovice” is a part of the Budweiser Budvar’s Visitor Centre.
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Remove the counter hoop and drumhead and measure the Outside Dimension or OD of the drum shell.
If the dimension is a whole number such as 12”or just under (11-7/8” in this illustration), you would need a 12” Batter head.
Some drum shells are covered and have overlapping seams. It is best to measure across the drum shell in a few locations and average the dimensions.
Many older drums are out-of-round and difficult to measure. In this case, take a string and tightly wrap it around the drum shell and mark the overlapping points. Lay the string out straight and measure the marked distance and divide it by 3.14. This will give you a good average of what the diameter is. In this illustration: 37.031” divided by 3.14 = 11.8” OD.
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**Please note that when possible providing us with a sample of the old drumhead will increase the probability that the drumhead will fit correctly. Custom drumheads are non-refundable and there is no guarantee that they will fit if a sample is not provided. | <urn:uuid:47b6593a-4555-4fdd-9ce6-6067348793c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.remo.com/hc/en-us/articles/360017900091 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.946386 | 368 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Today at Build 2022, Microsoft unveiled Project Volterra, a device powered by Qualcomm’s Snapdragon platform that’s designed to let developers explore “AI scenarios” via Qualcomm’s new Snapdragon Neural Processing Engine (SNPE) for Windows toolkit. The hardware arrives alongside support in Windows for neural processing units (NPUs), or dedicated chips tailored for AI- and machine learning-specific workloads.
Dedicated AI chips, which speed up AI processing while reducing the impact on battery, have become common in mobile devices like smartphones. But as apps like AI-powered image upscalers come into wider use, manufacturers have been adding such chips to their laptop lineups. M1 Macs feature Apple’s Neural Engine, for instance, and Microsoft’s Surface Pro X has the SQ1 (which was co-developed with Qualcomm). Intel at one point signaled it would offer an AI chip solution for Windows PCs, but — as the ecosystem of AI-powered Arm apps is well-established, thanks to iOS and Android — Project Volterra appears to be an attempt to tap it rather than reinvent the wheel.
It’s not the first time Microsoft has partnered with Qualcomm to launch AI developer hardware. In 2018, the companies jointly announced the Vision Intelligence Platform, which featured “fully integrated” support for computer vision algorithms running via Microsoft’s Azure ML and Azure IoT Edge services. Project Volterra offers evidence that, four years later, Microsoft and Qualcomm remain bedfellows in this arena, even after the reported expiration of Qualcomm’s exclusivity deal for Windows on Arm licenses.
“We believe in an open hardware ecosystem for Windows giving [developers] more flexibility and more options as well as the ability to support a wide range of scenarios,” Panos Panay, the chief product officer of Windows and devices at Microsoft, said in a blog post. “As such, we are always evolving the platform to support new and emerging hardware platforms and technologies.”
Arriving later this year, Microsoft says (somewhat hyperbolically) that Project Volterra will come with a neural processor that has “best-in-class” AI computing capacity and efficiency. The primary chip will be Arm-based, supplied by Qualcomm, and will enable developers to build and test Arm-native apps alongside tools including Visual Studio, VSCode, Microsoft Office and Teams.
Project Volterra is the harbinger of an “end-to-end” developer toolchain for Arm-native apps from Microsoft, as it turns out, which will span the full Visual Studio 2022, VSCode, Visual C++, NET 6, Windows Terminal, Java , Windows Subsystem for Linux and Windows Subsystem for Android (for running Android apps). Previews for each component will begin rolling out in the next few weeks, with additional open source projects that natively target Arm to come — including Python, node, git, LLVM and more.
As for the SNPE for Windows, Panay said that it’ll allow developers to execute, debug and analyze the performance of deep neural networks on Windows devices with Snapdragon hardware as well as integrating the networks into apps and other code. Complementing the SNPE is the newly released Qualcomm Neural Processing SDK for Windows, which provides tools for converting and executing AI models on Snapdragon-based Windows devices in addition to APIs for targeting distinct processor cores with different power and performance profiles.
The new tooling from Qualcomm benefits devices beyond Project Volterra, particularly laptops built on Qualcomm’s recently debuted Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 system-on-chip. Engineered to compete against Apple’s Arm-based silicon, the Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 boasts an AI accelerator, the Hexagon processor, that can be used to apply AI processing to photos and video.
“The Qualcomm Neural Processing SDK for Windows, combined with Project Volterra when available, will drive improved and new Windows experiences leveraging the powerful and efficient performance of the Qualcomm AI Engine, part of the Snapdragon compute platform,” a Qualcomm told spokesperson TechCrunch via email . “Qualcomm AI Engine” refers to the combined AI processing capabilities of CPU, GPU and digital signal processor components (eg Hexagon) in top-of-the-line Snapdragon system-on-chips.
There’s a cloud component to Project Volterra, too, called hybrid loop. Microsoft describes it as a “cross-platform development pattern” for building AI apps that span the cloud and edge, with the idea being that developers can make runtime decisions about whether to run AI apps on Azure or a local client. Hybrid loop also confers the ability to dynamically shift the load between the client and the cloud, developers should need the additional flexibility.
Panay says that hybrid loop will be exposed through a prototype “AI toolchain” in Azure Machine Learning and a new Azure Execution Provider in the ONNX Runtime, the open source project aimed at accelerating AI across frameworks, operating systems and hardware.
“Increasingly, magical experiences powered by AI will require enormous levels of processing power beyond the capabilities of traditional CPU and GPU alone. But new silicon like NPUs will add expanded capacity for key AI workloads,” Panay said. “Our emerging model of hybrid compute and AI, along with NPU devices creates a new platform for enabled [developers] to build high ambition apps leveraging incredible amounts of power … With native Arm64 Visual Studio, .NET support, and Project Volterra coming later this year, we are releasing new tools to help [developers] take the first step on this journey.” | <urn:uuid:78a3e894-9483-4df2-975d-275af0096dc5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://x-cdtech.com/microsoft-brings-support-for-arm-based-ai-chips-to-windows-techcrunch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.91361 | 1,181 | 1.90625 | 2 |
HAU 3, April 17th, 5:00 – 7:00 pm
Dance Today – The Traces of Tradition
Moderator: Dr. Cláudio Cajaiba
The influence of tradition on contemporary artistic work will be described on the basis of research on the memory of dance in Pernambuco, particularly the city of Recife. An understanding of the RecorDança archive, founded in 2003, as well as of the 32-year history of the Balé Popular do Recife ensemble will serve as a background for the debate.
Balé Popular do Recife – Heritage and Ancestry.
Christianne Galdino (Recife) is a journalist and dance scholar, producer of the Grupo Experimental ensemble, editor and dance critic for the magazine Continente Multicultural (Ed. CEPE). She is a specialist for the relationship between traditional and contemporary dance as well as popular dance forms. She is the author of „Balé Popular do Recife: a escrita de uma dança“ (Balé Popular do Recife: A Dance’s Handwriting), Ed. Bagaço, 2008. She is a board member of the Movimento Dança Recife association.
The Balé Popular do Recife, active for the last 32 years, developed and taught the Brasílica technique. On the basis of an overview of the ensemble’s history and the Brasílica technique, the dialogue between traditional and contemporary dance will be described. In the process, the multi-faceted forms that originated there will also be highlighted. For some of these dance forms Pernambuco’s choreographic work and dance education are well known. To understand this phenomenon more fully, one began to uncover the memory of local stage dance. Thus the founding of the Balé Popular do Recife in 1977 was made possible. An analysis of the most important past members demonstrates how this ensemble’s work continues to have an effect and be productive. Here the historical importance of the Balé Popular do Recife and its work became clear. As a source of impulses for artists of popular culture, it contributes to the vibrancy of local culture in society and is an important foundation for the establishing of many new groups and dance ensembles.
Popular Dances in New Contexts: Different Forms of Integrating Popular Culture into Epic Works.
Roberta Ramos (Recife) received her PhD in Literature from the Federal University of Pernambuco UFPE. She is coordinator of the RecorDança archive, co-worker of the Movimento Dança Recife association and on the editorial board of Idança. She is the author of the dissertation „Deslocamentos Armoriais: da afirmação épica do popular na “Nação Castanha” de Ariano Suassuna ao corpo-história do Grupo Grial“ (Emblematic Shifts: On the Epic Integration of the Popular in “Nação Castanha” by Ariano Suassuna and the Physical History of the Grupo Grial Ensemble”).
The integration of popular identities in epic works is, according to Canclini, bound to the application of popular elements; they are then used as a secure base in discourses about nationality in inventing tradition. This use of popular culture can be seen as being productive, for example when it makes constitutive parts of the epic genre available, as theorists such as Michail Bachtin and Èdouard Glissant suggest. The use of popular dances in (social and scenic) contexts, where their presence was not intended, also allows one to discuss the aspect of integration of popular culture into epic works. To do so, the lecturer will present a number of discursive and formal examples from the Brazilian context. The examples demonstrate a high or less high level of integration into the epic. It will be shown that dance’s less epic elements introduce more performativity. | <urn:uuid:4511e740-d203-49bb-9234-52c2f11adeda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://moveberlim.de/docs2009/en/discuss17.php?id=6&L=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.915121 | 846 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Boris Johnson is likely to face a backbench rebellion larger than his parliamentary majority when the House of Commons votes on new measures to tackle the Omicron variant of coronavirus later today.
Conservative MPs – an estimated 70 but possibly as many as 80 – from across the party are poised to vote against the government over the introduction of a “Covid pass”, a new requirement in England to provide proof of either double vaccination or a negative coronavirus test before entry to a nightclub, an indoor event of 500 or an outdoor event of 4,000.
Many Conservative MPs are worried about the “slow creep” of ever more draconian restrictions to protect against coronavirus, but the “vaccine passport” plan, even with negative Covid tests permitted, is the real sting. For many Tory MPs, the measure defies belief in allowing individuals to make the best decisions about their health and the health of others, representing what they see as an intrusion into the everyday life of citizens that is unjustified by evidence.
And it is on the question of evidence for vaccine passports that Conservative rebels find common cause, quite unexpectedly, with the Liberal Democrats, who oppose the plan because requiring proof of double vaccination hasn’t proven as effective at curtailing coronavirus outbreaks as requiring negative lateral flow tests at mass gatherings.
The reason the Tory rebellion is so big is precisely because it comes at no cost. With Labour support for the new measures guaranteed, they will inevitably pass, allowing Conservative MPs to signal their practical and ideological opposition to Covid passes without preventing the government from acting.
The rebellion today is a perfect storm of longstanding resistance to the government’s approach to coronavirus, combined with a new collapse of confidence from backbenchers in the direction set by Downing Street. It doesn’t matter in the immediate term but it does in the longer term. The vote today marks a decisive break between the Conservative parliamentary party and the government on coronavirus, just as a new variant takes hold, and a new low for Boris Johnson as his grip on his party becomes weaker and weaker. | <urn:uuid:d5433f48-760f-447a-b984-2051790cf156> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/conservatives/2021/12/the-tory-rebellion-over-new-covid-measures-shows-how-weak-boris-johnson-has-become | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953078 | 435 | 1.539063 | 2 |
For lasting transformation to occur, these changes need to be embedded in our administrative and educational structures.
Canada’s law schools are revamping their programs and curricula to respond to what one law dean calls “the most significant shift in the Canadian legal landscape in our lifetimes.”
The Indigenous Voices Awards are just one way the Indigenous Literary Studies Association is building reciprocal relationships with artists.
Survey shows universities have made efforts to boost Indigenous faculty, programs and spaces to bridge the education gap.
Interactive website features videos, maps and plain-language explanations to bring home the reality of climate change to Canadian communities.
The aim is to bring an end to “colonial approaches” that have traditionally excluded Inuit from research planning processes.
Be prepared to stand up and speak out when you hear and see things that are inappropriate.
Many of us have some idea of where we are supposed to go, but have a less clear sense how to get there.
Western University to head up the new program for Ontario, the first of eight such programs planned across the country.
That was the theme of third annual reconciliation forum, held at University of Manitoba.
Artist Carey Newman’s large-scale Witness Blanket installation passes through the University of the Fraser Valley.
Administrators are in a unique position to address systemic issues that hinder Indigenous peoples’ success.
Linda Cameron reflects on the evolving world of scholarly publishing as she steps down as director of the University of Alberta Press.
There is a new duty felt by teachers at all levels of our education system to make good on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission calls to action, creating both a critically important opportunity and an unease about our preparedness.
Most of them won’t be celebrating.
It has been almost 20 years since I did research in the homes and schools of indigenous people of Quebec. I obtained ethical approval for that work at my university. This consisted of me showing my grant proposal to a colleague down the hall who had no experience with indigenous people and asking her to […]
What some universities are doing to weave indigenous peoples, cultures and knowledge into the fabric of their campuses. | <urn:uuid:bc37ab77-0c40-4dd2-b424-8d5006ed3b6c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.universityaffairs.ca/themes/indigenous/page/3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.95496 | 447 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The application with the title SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTHENTICATION WITH A COMPUTER STYLUS describes a method for securing operation of a computing device operated with a stylus.
The idea is that the user would use a stylus to draw predefined gesture on a touch screen which then would be automatically recognized.
According to the patent application this could be accomplished through determining a location of the gesture, determining identity of the stylus, locking an item displayed at the location determined and by recording identity of the stylus.
This would be achieved by using a controller which compares “the identity code of the stylus to a pre-stored identity code, wherein the pre-stored identity code is registered as authorized to perform secure operations with the digitizer sensor.”
Restricting the gesture-unlock or annotation-feature to just a specific stylus pen would increase the security of such a system by blocking access from other persons/devices.
While this is a new patent application, the method goes back to 2012 where it first was presented by its original inventors at N-trig – Leonard Engelhardt, Guy Paradis and Tomer Kahan who now is an industrial engineering scientist working for Magic Leap.
Microsoft acquired N-trig, the maker of what we today know as the Surface Pen in 2015 for $30 million. | <urn:uuid:38f91bf0-19c9-48d2-b358-8f2bc93fd4b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://winbuzzer.com/2017/05/01/microsoft-patent-application-shows-surface-pen-unlock-feature-based-gestures-xcxwbn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.932041 | 279 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Perth-based company Fastbrick Robotics created brick laying 3D printer robot last year. It was called Hadrian X and it has the tendency to build houses, brick by brick with an hourly rate of 1000 bricks. It is said that human labor can do half the work in this much of time. It is interesting that the houses that were constructed by the robots got approval from government and engineers.
Many such houses have been built in Perth by Archistruct Builders & Designers. The material used for the construction was from Hadrian X’s brick laying technology. When the house was built with robotics and Hadrian X’s brick laying technology was used and complaints were filed. But at the same time, when it was built manually, no complaints were filed for the same.
The Hadrian X, which is as yet being prepared for the business market, is basically a truck-mounted 3D printer, which as opposed to expelling fiber or bond, develops houses step by determined step, laying them down unequivocally and quickly. The blocks themselves are imaginative as they incorporate interlocking opposite joints, implying that they just require cement on their top and base. As per Fastbrick Robotics, this not just accelerates and makes the building procedure all the more physically productive, additionally expands the warm effectiveness and quality of the building structure.
Archistruct Builders and Designers, the building organization which got endorsement for the new block strategy, has marked an arrangement with Fastbrick Robotics to fabricate the initial 10 homes utilizing the Hadrian X bricklaying 3D printer robot. This implies we will soon observe the world’s initial 3D printed home worked by the Perth-based organization and its Hadrian X robot.
As the organization communicated about its up and coming innovation, “The precision accomplished by the Hadrian X in working from a 3D CAD document will give noteworthy time and cost reserve funds, by permitting different exchanges to fabricate parts of the new structure in parallel with the bricklaying, as opposed to waiting to gauge the brickwork.”
As indicated by the organization, the Hadrian X can hope to be business prepared inside the following year. Presently, with government and chamber endorsement, there is little uncertainty that the creative added substance fabricating innovation is consistently moving advances. | <urn:uuid:9271285c-49cc-4a90-b4a2-bbd72dac6e43> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.think3d.in/3d-printed-robot-launched-to-construct-houses-in-perth/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.975908 | 473 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Detection of Counterfeit Currency using Discrete Wavelet Transform in MATLAB
N. Prabakaran1, K. Chetan Reddy2, B. Shiva Gopi3, S.S.M. Pranav4
1N. Prabakaran, Associate Professor, Dept. of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, (A.P.) India.
2K. Chetan Reddy, Student, Dept. of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, (A.P.) India.
3B. Shiva Gopi, Student, Dept. of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, (A.P.) India.
4S.S.M. Pranav, Student, Dept. of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, (A.P.) India.
Manuscript received on November 10, 2019. | Revised Manuscript received on November 17, 2019. | Manuscript published on 30 November, 2019. | PP: 4034-4038 | Volume-8 Issue-4, November 2019. | Retrieval Number: D8359118419/2019©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.D8359.118419
Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Counterfeit notes are one of the major issue in money transactions. In a growing country like India, it is becoming big problem for the economy. As the advances in printing and scanning technologies are developing, it is very easy for any person to print counterfeit notes with use of latest hardware machines. Identifying counterfeit notes in manual way takes a lot of time and manpower. Hence there is requirement of automation technique using which the counterfeit currency recognition process can be done effectively. Many methods have been proposed and implemented with MATLAB. By using Discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm blocks of the image are represented by coefficients of DCT. So, due to the presence of blocking articrafts in DCT, it is a drawback for this method. Hence, We have implemented a counterfeit note detection unit with a different algorithm which uses discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in MATLAB. This paper is another attempt on the same project to give a better solution for counterfeit currency problem.
Keywords: Counterfeit notes, Algorithm, MATLAB, Problem, DCT, DWT.
Scope of the Article: Data Analytics Modelling and Algorithms. | <urn:uuid:7061a663-e9e4-47bb-91d4-6d7086aa58a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/D8359118419/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.879503 | 613 | 1.65625 | 2 |
What is an oath or obligation? The word “obligation” comes from a Latin word obligatio — a binding to, a tie. The same root lig is to be found in the words, ligament and religion. An obligation is more than an oath, it is more than a vow, it combines both. An obligation is a promise made solemnly and under the penalty or sanction of one’s religious belief.
We all know that all oaths in all countries are accompanied by peculiar rites, obviously to increase the solemnity of the occasion. An ancient Hebrew placed his hand on the thigh of the person to whom the promise was given. Abraham said to King of Sodom – “I have lifted up my hand unto the Lord, that I will not take anything that is thine.”
The Greeks placed their hands on the horns of the altar or touched the sacrificial fire, or extended the right hand to heaven and swore by the earth, the sea and the stars. The Romans laid their hands on the hand of him to whom a promise was given. In solemn covenants, oaths were accompanied by sacrifice and a portion of the hair of the victim’s head was given to all witnesses. The ancient Germans solemnized the occasion by placing their hands on holy relics. A soldier placed his hand on his country’s standard. In China to break a saucer or extinguish a light is regarded as imposing greater solemnity. The Jewish oath in court today is given with the hat on, followed by kissing the Old Testament. In English Courts, we have, since A.D. 528, held up the hand or kissed the Bible or placed the right hand on the Bible. The ancient Church approved of this ceremony as far back as the Council of Nicea in 321 A.D.
By opening this page, you are under obligation to these Terms of Service. Your oath is sacred and solemn. Your oath is ancient and holy. Your oath WILL be enforced. | <urn:uuid:d2021c5b-87fb-4603-96e4-db8d3ed2d901> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fantasticfreedominstitute.com/legal/terms-of-service/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.960944 | 411 | 3.3125 | 3 |
From the beginning, Nordstrom foresaw the great potential of Mall of America. In fact, the retail giant sent one of its namesake to run the retailer’s first Minnesota store. Erik Nordstrom, now co-president of the company with his brothers, was the original store manager for Nordstrom Mall of America. And shoppers noticed.
Especially in the Twin Cities, people noticed when the mega-mall wasn’t anchored by Dayton’s (the hometown department store), as were most other regional malls. We didn’t expect to swap out our Dayton’s charge cards when MOA first opened; but Seattle-based Nordstrom—legendary for its service and shoe selection—enticed Mall skeptics in those early years.
Little did we know how the landscape would change for department stores. Before the Mall’s 10th birthday, Dayton’s had become Marshall Field’s and was eventually swallowed by Macy’s (which, in a roundabout way, meant that Dayton’s did end up at MOA).
The Store that Brought Us Chanel and Gucci
Soon, Nordstrom became our constant. It’s the store where sales are bona fide events. Where personal shopping is still a service. Where Christmas decorations never go up until the day after Thanksgiving. Nordstrom is the store that brought us Chanel and Gucci.
In the early years, fashion was somewhat overshadowed by the spectacle of the Mall. Could Jimmy Choos sell in the same building as the Amazing Mirror Maze and mini golf? Why yes. Yes, they could. Tourists from around the world flocked to Nordstrom MOA for luxury goods. There’s no sales tax on clothes and shoes in Minnesota, which makes it worth the trip—even for fashionistas in Chicago.
When designer lines disappeared from other local stores, Nordstrom brought them in. Nordstrom’s success in selling high-end goods prompted Burberry, Stuart Weitzman, Hugo Boss, Kate Spade, and other upscale brands to flock to the Mall. Plans are underway for a Phase 3 of the Mall, which will focus on luxury retail.
“There is absolutely a demand for luxury in the Twin Cities,” the Mall’s CEO Don Ghermezian told me in a recent interview. “More than we anticipated. Originally, we were thinking smaller, but 15 to 20 tenant spaces have mushroomed into 40 to 60 tenants. We’re building what luxury retailers want to see—first and only of its kind in the entire state.”
How a Full-Service Department Store Continues to Thrive
And Nordstrom’s success is likely what will give some of those specialty retailers the confidence to sign on. Nordstrom is proof that there’s still a place for a full service department store in our lives, and at our Mall.
“We owe our customers a lot for helping us build our business here in Minneapolis over the past 25 years,” says Nordstrom Mall of America store manager Joe Greco. “Our customers are the number one reason we open our doors every day. We appreciate the daily opportunity to serve customers on their terms and to evolve with them no matter how they choose to shop with us.”
Those early years at MOA had a big impact on Erik Nordstrom, too. Just last year, he referenced his time at Mall of America during a commencement speech at LIM College. He actually read to the graduating class a 1994 customer complaint sent to his father, who was then co-chair of Nordstrom. In it, the customer called Erik a buffoon for fumbling his response to a complaint about a condescending sales associate.
“I was a buffoon,” Erik Nordstrom told the audience, according to a Fashion Week Daily report. “It made me realize, one of the great things about this business is the pure objectivity of it…Our goal is to make customers feel good…That may sound squishy…but that’s our business. The business of fashion is about making people feel good.”
As the senior editor of Shopping & Style for Mpls.St.Paul Magazine, Allison Kaplan shops—all the time. She also hosts a weekly radio show, “Shop Girls,” on myTalk107.1 and is a frequent guest on other radio and television programs. She grew up immersed in the retail world, commentating her first fashion show with her mom at age 6. | <urn:uuid:55609675-137c-466e-9832-22ddb69a3a9a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.mallofamerica.com/moa-moments-an-original-anchor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961201 | 941 | 1.546875 | 2 |
9 Interesting Benefits of Wearing Wood Jewelry
By 2027, the jewelry industry in the United States will be worth 266 billion dollars.
One of the popular materials for jewelry is actually wood! But what are the benefits of wearing wood jewelry?
Keep reading to find out all you need to know before you purchase wood jewelry.
Most parts of jewelry are made of metal, but this can cause allergic reactions in some people. However, wood is hypoallergenic.
If you wore womens wooden rings, your finger wouldn't swell up and be itchy, unlike with some metals. You may also want to wear a ring that has metal on top of it as long as it's not touching your skin.
Wood is also healthier to wear because bacteria won't survive on the surface of any natural wood. That's because it's naturally antibacterial and has antimicrobial properties that will help benefit whoever is wearing it.
When we live in a world where there are so many harmful chemicals, it's nice to be able to have something that is all-natural and free of bad chemicals.
It's also better for your skin, especially if you're wearing wooden earrings. That's because wood is lighter than metal, so it won't tear or stretch any of your ears. This means that your earlobes will have less stress and not as much pain.
2. Environment Friendly
Wooden jewelry is also much more sustainable and environmentally friendly than other jewelry.
It doesn't have any harmful creations, and it won't take hundreds of years to decompose when you're done using it. It also lasts a long time, so you won't have to throw it out any time soon.
With wooden jewelry, you'll have access to all kinds of different designs that can match any outfit you're wearing.
There are more design possibilities with wood than with other materials. Because of this, jewelry makers can carve whatever design or shape they want into it.
If you have something custom that you want to be made, you can likely find someone who can do it!
4. Accessorize Outfits
When buying jewelry, you're likely trying to find it to accessorize your outfit.
Earrings, necklaces, and other accessories can be great to spice up your outfit, and wood goes with just about anything!
It can be a bold statement to be wearing wood jewelry, and it'll definitely catch people's eyes. For example, men have started wearing wooden bead bracelets with suits as a nice touch.
5. Ages Well
As we mentioned before, wood will last you for a long time. As time goes on, it may become a little bit damaged, but the surface of the wood is what helps to give character and uniqueness to the piece.
Wood can age gracefully, and it'll just get more beautiful as time goes on. Plus, since it lasts a while, this can make it the perfect heirloom to pass down through generations.
6. Cultural Accessory
Many cultures have been wearing wood jewelry throughout time. Wearing this type of jewelry can be a great way to honor that tradition.
For example, some traditions call for people to wear spiritual bracelets. In ancient times, kings or warriors use to wear this type of wood bracelet as an armband to ward off evil spirits and protect them in power.
At other times, wealthy people wore these to show how much status and power they held in their society.
Other cultures have used it to show their faith and devotion to religion. Some religions even believed that it helped offer protection.
7. Casual Style
Wooden jewelry is also the perfect casual style that will work in almost any situation. It acts as an antique that would pretty much go with anything.
Wearing wood also lets people know that you want to dress up but in a smart way. This shows that you care about the environment, which in turn, also shows that you have good ethics.
Another benefit of buying wood jewelry is that it often doesn't cost as much. When you don't have to worry about paying for expensive metals, you can often buy even better jewelry.
For example, there are many wood watches out there that cost under $100. However, if you were going to buy a metal watch, you may have to pay thousands of dollars.
And as long as you care for your wood watch, it will last just as long (if not longer) than one of the metal watches.
Lastly, every piece of wood jewelry is unique. It had to be carved, and the person who carved it probably only made a few copies of it.
Instead of being manufactured and mass produced, people who love their craft put their time and passion into each piece, making sure that it was unique to the wearer.
Plus, each piece of wood jewelry will be carved from a different piece of wood, so the wood grain will be unique to each piece of jewelry. When you own wood jewelry, you can also think about the tree that grew for years to be able to produce enough wood to make the piece of jewelry.
Discover More Benefits of Wood Jewelry
These are only a few of the benefits of wood jewelry, but there are many more benefits to having this type of jewelry.
We know that keeping up with the latest trends in fashion can be overwhelming, but we can help make sure you're always dressed your best!
If you loved the information in this article, make sure that you check out our website to find even more great articles just like this one! | <urn:uuid:93b9f37e-d193-4949-ae04-28b807755399> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stephilareine.com/2021/10/9-interesting-benefits-of-wearing-wood-jewelry.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.977328 | 1,164 | 2.046875 | 2 |
In the modern world, it can be difficult to remember to take care of your mental and physical health. Stress can cause a number of problems which are difficult to recover from. One problem many don’t usually think of is the unnatural hair loss which can occur when they experience stress. Natural hair just doesn’t get enough love today, which is a shame.
Natural hair, no matter what type, style, shape, or size, is a great way to show your individuality and love your body. You should always love your natural hair, letting yourself admire it and groom it in any way you want. You only get one head, and one set of natural hair, so you should do everything you can to take care of it and make sure it’s healthy and clean. Here are a few different things you can do to take care of your natural hair and keep it for longer.
Steps for Taking Care of Your Hair
Many people don’t fully appreciate the effort it takes to groom, clean, and keep natural hair tidy. Sure, washing it with shampoo everyday is important, but there’s much more to it than that. Your hair is delicate and textured just so, and only the most loving and intricate routines can truly take care of your natural hair in the proper way.
You should begin by knowing the characteristics of your hair. For example, people with natural hair usually produce far more curls and knots than artificial hair. Natural hair produces sebum, a natural moisturizer, and grows quite slowly.
Which Hair Type Do You Have?
There are four natural and basic hair types: straight, wavy, curly, and kinky. There are also many more categories within these categories, but these four represent the main types of hair you probably have at its foundation. The subcategory can also refer to the texture and color of your hair, so it’s good to learn about these subcategories and know exactly what type of hair type you have.
Different hair types respond differently to different solutions, so knowing what kind and type of hair you have is imperative before formulating a routine that works for you superficially. There are many guides online which carefully and thoroughly break down hair types and textures.
Taking Care of Your Hair
After you’ve researched your hair type and know exactly what type and texture of hair you have, there are some basic steps you can take to start taking care of your hair. The first tip to keep in mind is that you always want to detangle your hair before you wash it, rather than after or during.
Washing your hair while it’s knotted or tangled is more likely to damage it or keep it in its dangled state. If you calmly detangle your hair before you wash it, the shampoo will hit more points of the head and scalp and keep them cleaner than if your hair was originally tangled. You can detangle your hair section by section or purchase a special comb to help detangle the hair in a more manageable way.
Choose the Right ShampooMany shampoos are formulated to treat your specific hair type and texture, but a great rule of thumb is to choose a shampoo which isn’t too rough or coarse on your hair. Shampoos can vary wildly in how harshly they treat your hair because of the variance in ingredients such as ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, or sodium lauryl sulfate.
These ingredients are used to create foam for the cleaning process, but can also easily dry out your hair, in addition to keeping it brittle and stringy. You should be wary of shampoos which use these ingredients in excess. Instead, look for shampoos which are “sulfate-free” which means they’ll | <urn:uuid:025e3c19-c93d-463a-9b8f-cc95a1bb0c8a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.silkysmooth.solutions/blogs/your-hair-growth-tips/how-to-embrace-your-natural-hair | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.954484 | 782 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-induced disorder unique to humans. The etiology of preeclampsia is poorly understood; however, poor placental formation is thought causal. Galectin-7 is produced by trophoblast and is elevated in first-trimester serum of women who subsequently develop preeclampsia. We hypothesized that elevated placental galectin-7 may be causative of preeclampsia. Here, we demonstrated increased galectin-7 production in chorionic villous samples from women who subsequently develop preterm preeclampsia compared with uncomplicated pregnancies. In vitro, galectin-7 impaired human first-trimester trophoblast outgrowth, increased placental production of the antiangiogenic sFlt-1 splice variant, sFlt-1-e15a, and reduced placental production and secretion of ADAM12 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase12) and angiotensinogen. In vivo, galectin-7 administration (E8-E12) to pregnant mice caused elevated systolic blood pressure, albuminuria, impaired placentation (reduced labyrinth vascular branching, impaired decidual spiral artery remodeling, and a proinflammatory placental state demonstrated by elevated IL1β, IL6 and reduced IL10), and dysregulated expression of renin-angiotensin system components in the placenta, decidua, and kidney, including angiotensinogen, prorenin, and the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Collectively, this study demonstrates that elevated galectin-7 during placental formation contributes to abnormal placentation and suggests that it leads to the development of preeclampsia via altering placental production of sFlt-1 and renin-angiotensin system components. Targeting galectin-7 may be a new treatment option for preeclampsia.
Keywords: angiotensinogen; disintegrin; mice; placentation; pre-eclampsia. | <urn:uuid:006daa17-43d7-4f0f-9563-066666ee72d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32862708/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.855864 | 430 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Addiction leads to many negative side effects on a person’s body. Substance abuse and the process of detox take a toll on your physical health. Proper nutrition and hydration are necessary for getting through recovery safely and promoting long-term sobriety. At Northpoint Nebraska, we provide a variety of addiction treatment therapies for our clients, including nutrition counseling.
What is Nutrition Counseling?
Nutrition counseling is a process where a trained health professional, usually a registered dietician, helps patients make healthy food decisions and form healthy eating habits. Patients learn to identify what nutrients they lack and how to better incorporate healthy foods into their diet. During nutrition counseling, patients gain a better understanding of the impact of nutrition on their bodies and learn how to alter their behavior in practical ways to reach nutrition goals.
Nutrition Counseling in Addiction Treatment
Addiction negatively impacts nutrition and the body in many ways. Many substances can cause loss of appetite or cause people to forget to eat. In addition, people struggling with addiction are less likely to make healthy eating choices. By the time a person seeks addiction treatment, their physical state is likely to be in poor condition. A healthy body can go through recovery much more safely, which is why nutrition counseling can be helpful during addiction treatment.
Research suggests that proper nutrition is necessary for safe and healthy recovery. Detox and withdrawal symptoms can be intense and severe, and your body needs to be strong enough to endure the symptoms. Without the proper amount of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients in your body, it does not have the proper foundation it needs to heal and recover safely. Addiction treatment is not an easy process, but by including nutrition counseling in addiction treatment, individuals can heal and improve their overall physical and mental health.
Nutrition Therapy in Addiction Recovery
There are many benefits to receiving nutrition therapy in addiction recovery. Poor health can increase temptation and cravings for substances. Receiving nutrition counseling can ensure that a patient is physically and mentally able to go through recovery. Addiction is taxing on the mind and body, but proper nutrition can help start the healing and recovery process.
Some benefits of nutritional therapy in addiction recovery include:
- Correct nutritional deficiencies
- Help balance dopamine levels
- Help control cravings
- Help reduce pain and discomfort during detox
- Improve physical health
- Develop healthy eating habits that can be maintained during and after recovery
It is also important that a patient does not switch one addiction for another after substance abuse treatment. Nutrition therapy during addiction recovery can ensure that patients establish a healthy relationship with food so that they can continue in long-term recovery. Learning about proper nutrition and eating habits can motivate you to eat for health and self-care rather than for emotional reasons or as a substitute for drugs or alcohol.
Northpoint Nebraska: Find Nutrition Counseling in Nebraska
At Northpoint Nebraska, we take a holistic approach to providing treatment for addiction and mental health. This means that we look at tackling addiction or mental health disorders from all angles. This includes treating the mind, body, and soul so that patients can fully heal and enjoy a life of long-term sobriety. We provide our patients with a variety of programs and services that can be tailored to best fit their needs. Our nutrition counseling service helps patients improve their physical health, establish a healthy relationship with food, and learn to take care of their health after treatment.
If you or a loved one is struggling with substance abuse, our team can help. Reach out today at 402.698.3475 to learn more about how our facility can get you the help you need. | <urn:uuid:83f50716-349c-4286-bcad-15279cde11aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.northpointnebraska.com/addiction-treatment-therapies-nebraska/nutrition-counseling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.947444 | 727 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The film was described as obscene, provocative
There are laws in the country on rape, but their rigor is often questioned. It is also a dark truth that many rape cases turn out to be fake. These allegations are sometimes made with the intention of taking revenge in a fight and there has been strong comment from the High Court on this. The film ‘Wounded Aurat’ had chosen this punishment for the culprits of the rape, which seems justified on screen, but is a crime in itself as human rights and legally. The film was first described as obscene, then it was said that if it provokes feelings, it will take the form of a crime.
Story of the movie ‘Wounded Woman’
There was so much controversy about this film that many prominent newspapers had described it as a “grade B film.” Wounded Woman did decent business at the box office then. In the story of the film, Kiran Dutt (Dimple Kapadia) is a police officer, who is raped in a group by six criminals. This rape scene has also been shown in great detail in the film. That’s so you can make the audience understand how hateful this crime is. In this, from tearing his jeans and underwear at the time of the rape to committing crimes by tying his hands and feet, the incident in the room has also been explained in detail. Kiran has faith in the law, so he goes to court. But it doesn’t do him justice. All rape defendants are released thanks to their influence and money. Kiran then decides to take revenge on the rapists on his own. He forms a group of girls and women, who first make a list of rapists and then catch them all again and cut off their genitals. it makes them powerless.
The filmmakers had to issue a statement
As soon as the film was released, there was a lot of opposition in calling its scenes obscene. Then the filmmakers clarified and said that their film is ‘Anti Rape’. The statement said people should also see what happened to this victim in court. Did he get justice? Was the victim punished after the court for the crimes he had committed?
There was an army of veterans in the “wounded woman”
Apart from Dimple Kapadia and Raj Babbar in this film, there were veteran actors like Anupam Kher, Aruna Irani, Satyendra Kapoor, Om Shivpuri, Puneet Issar, Avtar Gill. The film has music by Bappi Lahiri. There is no doubt that this film was very daring for the audience as far back as the 1988 era. Doordarshan was the only option on television at the time. However, many women in the film were also highly praised. This is the reason why for several weeks after its release, the film was talked about in newspapers and magazines.
The courage of the filmmakers is appreciated
Those who spoke out against the film were also those accused of rape. His cases were going to court. They were not shown guilty. In this situation, the defendant and many lawyers had also said at the time that this film can incite feelings and can become a threat to the life of the accused. Well, this movie turned out to be average at the box office. He could win very well. But from the point of view of Indian cinema, it was a film of that time, which dared to show something that was directly related to the growing incidents of rape in society. | <urn:uuid:0011e108-65fa-492d-81e5-21e0c57ad4ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://finddealkart.com/2022/07/15/filmy-friday-dimple-kapadia-and-raj-babbars-film-which-shocked-the-soul-of-the-rape-defendant-filmy-friday-zakhmi-aurat-the-controversial-bollywood-film-suggesting-castration-for-rapis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.992552 | 723 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Now showing items 11-20 of 767
Determination of the number of ψ(3686) events at BESIII
The numbers of psi(3686) events accumulated by the BESIII detector for the data taken during 2009 and 2012 are determined to be (107.0 +/- 0.8)x10(6) and (341.1 +/- 2.1)x10(6), respectively, by counting inclusive hadronic ...
Search for higgs and z boson decays to phi gamma with the atlas detector
A search for the decays of the Higgs and Z bosons to a phi meson and a photon is performed with a pp collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.7 fb(-1) collected at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS ...
Measurement of e(+) e(-) -> K+ K- cross section at root s=2.00-3.08 GeV
The cross section of the process e(+) e(-) -> K+ K- is measured at a number of center-of-mass energies root s from 2.00 to 3.08 GeV with the BESIII detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCII). The results ...
Search for heavy resonances decaying into a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson in final states with leptons and b-jets in 36 fb-1 of root s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
One correction is noted for the paper. The exclusion limits for the gluon-gluon fusion production of an A boson reported in the conclusions did not correspond to the exclusion plots shown in figure 6a.
Search for Higgs boson pair production in the WW(*)WW(*) decay channel using ATLAS data recorded at s√ = 13 TeV
A search for a pair of neutral, scalar bosons with each decaying into two W bosons is presented using 36.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the ...
Combined measurement of the higgs boson mass in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 tev with the atlas and cms experiments
A measurement of the Higgs boson mass is presented based on the combined data samples of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN LHC in the H -> gamma gamma and H -> ZZ -> 4l decay channels. The results are obtained from ...
Branching fraction measurements of psi (3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)
Using a sample of 106 million psi(3686) decays, the branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c0), psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c1), and psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c2) are measured with improved precision to be (9.389 +/- 0.014 ...
Measurement of the W boson polarisation in t(t)over-bar events from pp collisions at root s = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS (vol 77, pg 264, 2018)
This change does not have any impact on the measured helicity fractions, but it changes the obtained limits on the anomalous couplings.
Search for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs and Z bosons with the ATLAS detector
Direct searches for lepton flavour violation in decays of the Higgs and Z bosons with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. The following three decays are considered: H -> e tau, H -> mu tau, and Z -> mu tau. The ... | <urn:uuid:9cc6b820-aa91-4eaf-ab34-ba46719ddb55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/discover?rpp=10&etal=0&group_by=none&page=2&filtertype_0=author&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_0=%C3%87ak%C4%B1r%2C+Orhan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.851112 | 834 | 2.125 | 2 |
Women, Writing, Theology
How have women historically justified their writing practices? What constraints, both internal and external, shape their capacity to write theology? While much work has been done by feminists in recovering the lives and voices of women from the history of Christianity—and even more constructive and creative progress has been made in the areas of feminist, womanist, mujerista, Asian, and postcolonial theologies—these essays take a step back to ask about the conditions of our writing. What allows and what inhibits women’s writing practices? And, moreover, what does it mean for women to enter a written theological tradition that has been based on their exclusion? Through historical accounts, theoretical analyses, and contemporary constructions, the essays in this volume take up these questions. | <urn:uuid:87efc9e6-e651-4fa7-af93-5a1c13bb0805> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.marciamountshoop.com/books/women-writing-theology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.966308 | 158 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Importers are sometimes unaware of the various permit requirements for the importation of certain goods. As a result they are found to be in contravention of the Customs Act. Even though ignorance is no excuse under the law, Customs would prefer to have knowledgeable customers who are compliant with the various rules and regulations rather than penalizing. Any restricted goods arriving without a valid permit is a breach of Section 210 of the Customs Act.
Please find listed below items for which permits are required, this list is not exhaustive. Items are added and taken off as the Government dictates.
Persons who wish to import meat products for personal use must have:
- meat inspection certificates from the relevant approved official
Government Veterinary Division or Ministry of Agriculture.
- stamp of approval on all carcasses
- an import license from the Ministry of Agriculture in Jamaica. The Jamaica Tourist Board will make arrangements to obtain the license, if given two weeks notice. Goods not in compliance with these stipulations will be confiscated and handed over to the relevant authority when detected. | <urn:uuid:00f66f7a-2789-4107-82cb-98e77c0bda3e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jacustoms.gov.jm/service/restricted-items | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.937295 | 210 | 1.679688 | 2 |
The ability of a group of water-soluble metalloporphyrins to cleave DNA has been investigated. Incubation of Mn3+, Fe3+, or Co3+ complexes of mejo-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridiniumyl)porphine (H2T4MPyP) with DNA in the presence of ascorbate, superoxide ion, or iodosobenzene results in DNA breakage. Comparisons between the rates of porphyrin autodestruction with the rates of strand scission of covalently closed circular PM2 DNA indicate that the porphyrins remain intact during the cleavage process. Analysis of the porphyrin-mediated strand scissions on a 139-base-pair restriction fragment of pBR322 DNA using gel electrophoresis/autoradiography/microdensitometry reveals that the minimum porphyrin cleavage site is (A·T)3. The cleavage pattern within a given site was found to be asymmetric, indicating that porphyrin binding and the strand scission process are highly directional in nature. In addition to an analysis of the mechanism of porphyrin-mediated strand breakage in terms of the DNA cleavage mechanism of methidium-propyl-iron-EDTA and Fe-bleomycin, the potential of the cationic metalloporphyrins as footprinting probes and as new "reporter ligands" for DNA is presented and discussed.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||9|
|State||Published - 1986|
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:c7d55117-542c-4b73-a7fe-8c24f303cf7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.syr.edu/en/publications/dna-cleavage-specificity-of-a-group-of-cationic-metalloporphyrins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.857819 | 391 | 2.265625 | 2 |
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