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Transportation is a critical element in improving the quality of life for the Veteran with SCI/D; otherwise, the Veteran is essentially homebound.
- Driving Evaluation and Management Services. Driving evaluation and management services are available for Veterans with SCI/D at VHA's Driver Rehabilitation Programs. Highly specialized driving adaptations, such as uni- or joystick controls, may only be available at a Driver Rehabilitation Program that is associated with an SCI Center.
- Referrals for Driver Training. If the Veteran has not had driver training and is capable of operating a motor vehicle, referral to the nearest SCI Center or medical center with a formal driver training program is appropriate. Requests for adaptive equipment must be referred to the Prosthetics and Sensory Aids Service (PSAS) for action and disposition.
- Travel. Veterans requesting mileage reimbursement or in need of special mode transportation in relation to their VA medical treatment need to be referred to the Beneficiary Travel department for eligibility determination. Travel eligibility is based upon title 38 CFR Part 70. For those not meeting travel eligibility or for travel unrelated to medical care, public transportation and community resources should be explored (e.g., public transit, American Red Cross, local churches, etc). | <urn:uuid:997730ce-976b-4132-9f04-666df9ca7810> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://askus.unitedspinal.org/index.php?pg=kb.page&id=2287 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.92069 | 262 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Lottery predictions is pretty well-liked these nights. Individuals was previously skeptical with typically the prophecies because they thought that the winning statistics can be a matter of fortune in addition to fortunes. Not a lot of persons believe that lotto can be earned by means of using some kind of a sophisticated science based prophecies. It turned out certainly not until the late 90s when lottery players began using lotto predictions so they can win lottery or at least find closer to the earning numbers. When Gonzalo Garcia-Pelayo, some sort of Spanish man which were able to study and analyze several games in a pair of various places, Spain and the USA and get a lot of funds by making use of different strategies. Immediately after him people started in order to trust that will lottery outcomes can be forecast.
Lotto participants start thinking of how to win the lotteries using predictions. They employ numerous prophecies: from mechanical intutions on mechanical lotteries to help technological predictions working with personal computer program. A good deal of people use algorithm to analyze and forecast lottery results.
Lotto Analysis algorithm has been established to be great to be able to help lottery players acquire closer to the succeeding quantities and even produce the lottery properties proceed bankrupt! There are numerous kinds of lottery analysis employed by lotto predictors and even here are some regarding them all:
Analysis of Adjoining Pairs
In this research, the predictors use some comprehensive studies which will document the frequency of every next to pairs of quantities within the related lotto gain in a period associated with time and after that put the particular most frequent numbers on top of the ranks and do it consecutively.
Analysis involving Equilibrium
Through analysis of balance, lottery players try out to analyze if specific combinations will offer them opportunities to win for instance mixtures of small and big numbers, odd and possibly quantities and also the particular range of the whole amount numbers.
เลขเด็ดงวดนี้ regarding Digits
When analyzing lottery being successful numbers using number analysis, lottery predictors is going to be in a position to realize the exact numbers using range can be drawn in some period associated with time. In order to be able to make the outstanding opportunity bigger, the players have got to limit the range of quantities when they pick every digit in their particular combination.
Analysis connected with Elapse Time
This research is effective by learning and writing the period when a new number is within its longing time to be sketched again after it has the last winning time. People can also know the likelihood or perhaps the winning possibility associated with a number of statistics based on the subject of the elapse time. When the elapse time is more time, the possibility to get can be bigger. This analysis is recognized as more precise as compared to the others as it provides whole lot more data about tendency connected with some numbers to be able to gain or maybe not so the fact that it is easier to know the next winning quantities in some lotteries this kind of as Powerball, Mega trillion, California Super Lotto And also and some others.
Analysis involving Groups
There are usually many kinds of team analysis that lottery predictors use to get directly into the being victorious in numbers. Lotto players can easily group typically the months getting the best outstanding numbers of a new selected period or they can party the numbers succeeding throughout certain period of time of time.
Examination of Hot-Cold Pattern
This particular formula analysis is usually one of the the majority of favourite so far since it can record typically the frequency ranks plus apply the variants to predict the tendencies of popular and cold numbers over the following drawings.
Analysis of Replication Pattern
A lot connected with lottery gamers share this same opinion that duplication is quite important to anticipate the winning quantities because so many of jackpots will certainly appear yet again in the particular future.
The evaluation stated previously represents only a part of the methods of which lottery people are able to use. At this time there are still many additional protocol research that may be done by predictors to help these groups win. | <urn:uuid:64740297-2437-40ed-86a8-6686e47124bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.leedsstudent.org/the-way-to-help-get-lottery-by-applying-examination-codes-intended-for-lotto-prediction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.961001 | 842 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Continuously Circulating Dust Throughout your Ducts
You might not realize how much dust accumulates inside the ducts just from your everyday life. Multiply this amount of dust by years and years inside your home and you quickly have a major dust problem. Any time air circulates through the ducts it pushes this dirt around, which irritates your system, especially if you are already prone to allergies. You cannot get relief from this dusty air until the ducts are cleaned. Our process can change that!
Unseen Vermin and Insects
Without regular cleanings, your air ducts could be susceptible to rodents and insects that further pollute the air you breathe and lead to bigger issues with allergies. Call in the professionals today to give you an air duct cleaning that gets rid these issues and helps you breathe easy whether you’re at home or at work. | <urn:uuid:0cda6a6e-9bff-4168-b9c9-e983754413e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ductwise.com | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.949691 | 178 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Tuesday, January 28th, 2020
Storage and Rainfall Update
Rainfall recorded at South Gippsland Water’s storages from 18 January 2020 to 24 January 2020 was Lance Creek 33mm, Ruby Creek 35mm, Deep Creek 48mm and Battery Creek 57mm.
South Gippsland Water’s Managing Director, Philippe du Plessis said that, “Water storages across the region remain at satisfactory levels”.
The Corporation are monitoring storage systems and river flows. Mr du Plessis continued “South Gippsland Water Permanent Water Saving Rules are in place across Victoria all year round to assist in water conservation. The top three rules to remember are:
1) Water between 6pm and 10am
2) Sweep, don’t hose – Hosing hard surfaces such as paths and driveways is not permitted
3) Install trigger nozzles – All outdoor hoses are required to be leak free and fitted with trigger nozzles
For further information about ways to conserve water at home and in the garden, please visit www.smartwatermark.org or contact South Gippsland Water’s friendly Customer Service Team on 1300 851 636.
|Reservoir||Major towns supplied||Capacity level %||Current Status|
|Lance Creek||Wonthaggi, Inverloch, Cape Paterson, Korumburra, Poowong, Loch & Nyora||90%||Permanent Water Saving Measures
Melbourne Supply Utilised
|Ruby Creek||Leongatha and surrounds||83%||Permanent Water Saving Measures|
|Foster Dam – Deep Creek||Foster area||85%||Permanent Water Saving Measures|
|Battery Creek||Fish Creek||96%||Permanent Water Saving Measures|
|River Systems||Major Town Supplied||Current Status|
|Tarwin||Meeniyan, Dumbalk||Permanent Water Saving Measures|
|Agnes||Welshpool, Port Welshpool, Toora, Port Franklin||Permanent Water Saving Measures|
|Tarra||Yarram, Alberton, Port Albert||Permanent Water Saving Measures| | <urn:uuid:2564cf47-da5d-4ebd-8d74-f621441cd031> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sgwater.com.au/news/water-storage-update-28-january-2020-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.814064 | 463 | 1.5 | 2 |
Spring can get away from you fast, and so too can planting your spring garden. With summer in full swing, there are still plenty of things you can plant now for harvest through the fall, here are a few good ones:
Arugula: Arugula germinates well in warm weather and tends to be less susceptible to insects such as flea beetles as summer progresses.
Beets: Although germination is not as great in hot weather, if you can plant summer beets on a relatively cool day, they can thrive through to fall.
Carrots: Like beets, extreme heat can hamper germination. If you can find a relatively cool or overcast day and keep your seeds moist, you should have no problem.
Cilantro: Bolting can be an issue in heat, but if you let a few go to seed, then you can collect the seed and plant more all summer and into fall. Cilantro planting in fall can also overwinter in many parts of the country.
Dill: Grows fast and grows all summer long. If you don’t use all the seed heads for making pickles, save seeds for planting next year.
Corn: Corn doesn’t mind hot weather to germinate. Planting a corn crop mid-summer will give you a great crop in the early fall.
Cucumbers: A little shade won’t hurt, but cucumbers will do well through to fall.
Green Beans: Most snap beans grow fast and if planted mid-summer will give you a nice crop by the beginning of September. Beans are great to plant after you have harvested some heavy feeders such as cabbage, broccoli, or other spring brassicas, because they will naturally add nitrogen to the soil.
Kale: Kale is happy to grow all year long, so planting it mid-summer will allow it to get well established for a fall and winter crop.
Lettuce: It can be hard to germinate lettuce in the heat of the summer. Make sure you water your seed bed regularly, making sure it stays moist. You can also plant lettuce in spots that might get a little shade in the afternoon or under taller garden plants such as okra or tomatoes.
Potatoes: Fall new potatoes are as good as in the spring. It might be a bit harder to find seed potatoes mid-summer, but you can always sprout your own.
Sunflowers: Easy to grow well into fall. Plant now and harvest them to save for the birds or chickens over winter.
Summer squash (zucchini zucchini yellow squash, patty pan, etc): Squash planted late often avoid squash bug damage.
Winter squash (pumpkins, acorn squash, butternut, etc): If you want to store winter squash for use over the winter, it is a good idea to plant them mid-summer so that they are ready to pick mid-fall. Winter squash planted too early will be harder to keep.
Zinnias: Bare spaces can be filled with zinnia seed to give you a colorful cut flower garden for early fall.
Pick-A-Pepper.com is a web platform for listing, selling, and purchasing purchasing local food items straight from the producers.
- 15 Vegetable Crops To Start Planting for Fall
- Spaghetti Squash 101
- The Low-Down on Bean and Pea Inoculant
- Health and Environmental Hazards of GMOs: An Annotated Bibliography.
- Thinking Ahead for a Fall Garden: What to Plant When | <urn:uuid:069848c6-ea08-4907-b34a-fca34ea0a38e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pick-a-pepper.com/its-not-to-late-to-plant-a-garden/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.919944 | 749 | 2.46875 | 2 |
If you are marketing a product, service or idea then you probably have heard of the four Ps. Price, Place, Persuasion and Product. These are not hard and fast rules but rather they are an explanation of why certain marketing tactics work for one product but may not work for another.
Let's take Price first; if your product is very low in price then your customer will not buy it even if it has all the features. They may be willing to spend more money on something else that offers more benefits or it might be a special case scenario. The customer does not care about features but what matters to them is price, that is what determines their buying decision.
Now let's look at the place part of the question; does your product have a place in the customers life? This is where the power of Persuasion comes into play. If you can make your customer feel important by giving them value, using language that shows how valuable their product is your customer base will continue to grow.
If you did a survey of people and asked them where they saw their product first before purchasing it and asked them what they would change or add to it if they could have it, I suspect they would put a lot of value to adding a feature like a water filter. There are always improvements. If they see a great improvement they are more willing to give you their money. So by showing them there are other great things about the product you are trying to sell they are more likely to buy. A great example of this would be cell phones. Everyone likes a phone, but not everyone can afford one so when you offer a free cell phone or a discount for purchasing a phone with their service you have them thinking.
Another answer to the question "What do the 4 Ps mean in a Marketing Strategy" is "make a great deal of sense." You might find that your product has lots of value but customers just don't see it because it doesn't make a lot of sense. Showing the customer that it does make a lot of sense will help them to consider purchasing it. For example, if you make a great coffee you might offer a free coffee with the purchase of a $20 bill. This will build a positive association with the customer and they will be more willing to pay for your product.
Then, you might also say "It's a good product, but people are hesitant to spend money for it." Showing that the product is in high demand will increase your chances of getting a sale. This means making them curious about it. It might also be necessary to run some surveys to determine why people hesitate to purchase the item. Once you have determined the problem, then you can work toward providing a solution
The last answer to "what do the 4 Ps mean in a marketing strategy?" is "It's a valuable product but not enough people will buy it." Your job as the marketer is to determine whether or not you need to make a different product to address this problem. If you determine that not enough people will be interested, then you might want to think about changing your tactics to make the product more appealing.
As you can see, knowing the 4 Ps mean in a marketing strategy can help you when you are creating a product or altering an existing one. Knowing the answer to this question will help you to determine if you need to make a change in order to improve your business results. Sometimes making changes might seem drastic, but they may provide the greatest benefits long-term. Then again, even if a change is not immediately apparent, it could have a great impact on your business profits in the short-term.
If you want to know more marketing tools and strategies, you can go to inshat. | <urn:uuid:72eeca9a-a336-40a1-8fb3-6b5229290cf0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://manualtrader.net/blog/make-money-online/online-marketing/What-Do-the-4-Ps-Mean-in-a-Marketing-Strategy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.971939 | 755 | 2.4375 | 2 |
You should be ready to know when the time involves hire a php programming expert for your project when necessary. Most may believe that there are just start-up companies that employ independent web developers. it's true that each one start-ups started by hiring freelance developers.
You are in need of time
As we said before, there are cases where you are doing not have the resources to recruit a contract on resources. If you face a serious project, with a really short deadline, hiring freelance is that the most suitable option. It also helps you to recruit a contract one that is simply what you would like and is hence ready to do the work faster.
The team features a small range of skills
Not long ago an enormous freelance network was interviewed by news Daily. it had been acknowledged that "70% of the businesses that hire freelancers use them to deal with very particular skill gaps within their team." as an example niche developer with React, Angular2, and Node.js or Laravel languages. as an example, if you would like to create an iPhone application and no-one on your team is iOS developer, you've got two options: ensuring your team is trained thereto quite language, or hiring an iOS developer. the primary choice would be very costly in time, but also in money (time is life!). The second is that the simplest and cheapest solution.
You have a little budget
As said previously, recruiting a full-time developer costs tons of cash . Not all businesses and start-ups have the resources to afford this feature . Neither money, nor necessarily need: if it's for a brief term need, hiring a developer doesn't really matter. Therefore, selecting the freelance option enables you to enter the worldwide developer market, and hire an area developer during a country where LMTs are lower.
An expert’s eye is usually important on a project to be studied on every angle. Here are tips to understand when it's time to rent one for a project. | <urn:uuid:bdea9141-8750-4364-a00b-e3f82ef5263e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.personaldevelopmentacronyms.com/html-lesson/learning-php-programming-from-the-best.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.970323 | 404 | 1.609375 | 2 |
August Horch, a graduate of the Technical college in the town of Mittweida, used to construct engines for Carl Benz in Mannheim. In 1899, he set to set up business of his own and founded a motorcar company in Cologne, Horch & Cie. little did the person knew that the company will be a such success beating the leading automobile manufacturers within the segment. Yes, the company is 117 years old and we are talking about Audi. From inline-four engine to two-stroke engine to the V8 engine models, Audi has come a long approach.
The sheer dedications towards modernization and the great use of technology created Audi one of the 3 best luxury car-makers within the world. (Mercedes Benz and BMW being the other two) Here are ten rarely known Audi facts that you just should know today:
8 Amazing Audi Facts You Probably Didn’t Know :-
AUDI WAS THE FIRST TO WIN LE MANS WITH BOTH DIESEL AND HYBRID POWERED CARS
By 2005 Audi had used its R8 racer to totally stomp each competitor that showed up at the 24 Hours of Le Mans. So, as a challenge to its engineers, Audi taken off to be the first to win the 24 hour race with a diesel engine. Only 1 year later, the R10 TDI powered by a turbo diesel V10 won at Le Mans its 1st time out.
Six years later in 2012, Audi won le Man with the R18 e-Tron quattro. The R18 used a diesel/electric hybrid. Additionally creating it the first manufacturer to win the race with a hybrid drive train.
Despite winning le Mans thirteen times, Audi continues to be behind Porsche which has 16 wins.
THERE WAS SECRET 1000 HP AUDI RALLY CAR
It was so top secret not even the president of the company knew concerning it. Audi rally team manager Roland Gumpert (who later went on to form his own super car company) recognized the need for a mid-engine rally car. When Lancia and Peugeot started obtaining a leg up on the quattros within the late 1980s.
In a classic case of don’t ask for permission, ask for forgiveness, Gumpert and his team began developing a new mid-engine 1000 HP rally automobile in complete secrecy. But, when a spy photographer snapped the automotive on a clandestine test run, their secret was blown. It’s reported that when company boss Ferdinand Piëch discovered the unapproved project. He visited the workshop and demanded the cars be disassembled while he watched. Luckily, Gumpert had one hidden away, that now resides at Audi’s museum in Ingolstadt.
THE FIRST AUDI RS MODEL WAS CO-DEVELOPED WITH PORSCHE
The RS two was the first of Audi’s high-end performance cars and the first of a long line of fast Audi wagons. It might have not happened without the performance expertise of Porsche.
Bodyshells from the Audi 80 estate, on which the RS 2 was based, were shipped to Porsche in Stuttgart, where they underwent a thorough transformation. The turbocharged 2.2 litre 5-cylinder was tuned by Porsche to provide 311 HP. Porsche also supplied the braking and suspension systems.
Thanks to its quattro all-wheel-drive, and the Porsche tuned engine. The RS2 was ready to out sprint the venerable McLaren F1 to 30 mph.
THE NAME AUDI IS THE LATIN FOR “HEAR”
August Horch founded his first auto company, A. Horch & Cie. in 1899. But just 10 years later, Horch wasn’t seeing eye-to-eye with his Chief financial officer and left his own company to begin August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. Unfortunately, Horch shortly learned the Horch name belonged to his former company when he was notified of a copyright infringement.
In response, Horch changed the new company’s name to the latin translation of his last name. In German “horch” means “hear,” which in Latin is “audi”.
THE FOUR RINGS IN THE LOGO REPRESENT THE FOUR COMPANIES OF MOTOR VEHICLE UNION
By 1932, the name fiasco between Horch the man, and Horch the company was water beneath the bridge. Horch (the company) and Audi entered an agreement together with 2 other German automobile manufacturers, DKW and Wanderer, to form auto Union. The four rings, which Audi still uses today, originally represented the four corporations of automobile Union.
After the merger, automobile Union became the second biggest car company in Germany after Mercedes-Benz. Each of the companies were allocated a market segment: Horch would build high-end luxury cars, Audi focused on deluxe mid-size cars. Wanderer was place in charge of standard mid-size cars, and DKW was tasked with small cars and motorcycles.
AUDI HAS BEEN CONDUCTING CRASH TESTS FOR OVER 75 YEARS
We’re not entirely sure it should count, however Audi can claim to be the first to conduct crash test. These weren’t the delicate crash tests you see in commercials today with film cameras, dummies, and advanced impact sensors. Instead, engineers from DKW simply rolled one of their subcompact F7 models down a hill in front of a group of spectators to demonstrate the car’s safety.
After the limited car stopped rolling, the group of onlookers were surprised. When they saw the F7 was nearly undamaged and the engine was still running.
“SHELLY”, THE FULLY AUTONOMOUS AUDI HAS SCALED PIKES PEAK WITH NO DRIVER
All those who do not know, Pikes Peak is an immensely powerful and dangerous place to do racing and many race cars are currently just a pile of scrap at the bottom of the mountain. While the autonomous technology is still in its emerging stage. Audi decided to climb the Pikes Peak in their fully autonomous car named “Shelly”. As impossible as it may sound, the hi-tech GPC enabled Audi TTS scaled the mountain without any trouble and without any driver. Simply 19 minutes in need of the world record set by the ace rally driver Sebastian Loeb. They named this car when the first woman WRC champion and Audi’s rally driver Michele mouton.
AUDI IS ABOUT TO SEND A QUATTRO POWERED LUNAR ROVER ON MOON
Google is conducting a competition called lunar XPRIZE with a prize money of $30 million. Since the competition invites scientists to create a satellite Rover that can run on the surface of the moon for 500 meters and broadcast high-definition live feed from its surface. Audi has partnered with a team of scientists in Germany to build a satellite Rover powered by Quattro and named it the ‘Audi lunar Quattro’. We hope Audi wins the competition!
Audi has continually been the forerunner when it involves luxury automobile manufacturing and only a few can match the sheer brilliance with which Audi cars are designed. Been here for over 100 years, the German car manufacturer is aware of a issue or 2 about using cutting edge technology, strong design language and luxury at its best. What is additional, Audi has been successful in racing front too, and has an impeccable racing heritage. | <urn:uuid:f69f9b9d-f9d3-4206-b3c7-aeed8074d42b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://a1facts.com/8-amazing-audi-facts-you-probably-didnt-know/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.95318 | 1,578 | 1.875 | 2 |
Take Five - Health
Identifying the Health Aspects that are Important
In Australia, employers are required by law to provide a high standard of safety and health at their workplaces and ensure, as far as practicable, that employees are not injured or harmed because of their work.
The same expectation applies to responsible companies operating in Africa.
Are you ready, willing and able to meet your obligations?
Key Health Considerations
Do you have a complete understanding of your Duty of Care to your expatriate and local employees as it applies to their health and safety? Are you meeting your obligation to mitigate “foreseeable” risks and threats employees encounter when working? Are you prepared that a failure in Duty of Care, whether by you – the operator, a partner or a contractor, will inevitably be attributed to your company? Are you aware of, and prepared to accept, the personal obligations on directors and company officers, including the potential for criminal sanction for breaches?
Are you a safety leader – or have you set your sights a bit lower? Have you documented a commitment to a culture of zero harm? Are you committed to the prevention of fatalities and serious injuries? Can you demonstrate a commitment to occupational health and hygiene in the workplace?
Have you established Health and Hygiene standards and practices to minimise health risks to employees, contractors and host communities? How do you promote wellness and healthy lifestyles for your expatriate and local employees? Do you senior expatriates lead by example or has familiarity led them to become complacent? Have you assessed the reputational risk and cost of failure arising from a single or multiple case of serious illness?
A recent International SOS report indicates that investment in prevention will more than pay for itself.
With the current levels of uncertainty and pressures in people’s lives, mental health awareness and emotional well-being is emerging as a pressing issue for individuals and organisations.
Increasing knowledge, accessing professional support, learning how to cope with psychological distress and being aware of the stress that others may be under can help greatly. Emotional support services can help your workforce in dealing with psychological issues while on-site and at home.
The single question for now is whether your employee well-being program addresses mental as well as physical health and if not, is this something that you need to put in place to deliver on your Duty of Care?
How confident are you that you have identified potential incidents and emergencies? Does your operation have an up-to-date emergency response plan? Was the plan developed in consultation with host government agencies and communities? Has the plan been communicated to employees, local government agencies and host communities? Do you have an adequate number of personnel with appropriate expertise who are trained and dedicated to respond to emergencies? Are skills level commensurate with the identified facility risks and hazards? Have you identified available the capacity and capability of external medical treatment facilities? Do you have a plan for medical evacuation to an off-site facility? If the plan is to evacuate off-shore, do you understand the required visa protocols and impact of COVID-19 related travel restrictions? Do you have support agreement in place with a competent medical evacuation service provider?
Have you thought about the higher burden of disease in your operating area? Malaria, HIV and communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and hepatitis? Addressing these health issues is essential in so far as ensuring a healthy workforce is concerned and are standard practices for responsible companies operating in Africa. Do you understand the prevalence of these diseases in your local workforce and host communities? If you have third-country national employees in your workforce does your pre-employment screening check for communicable diseases? Do you routinely monitor and report disease occurrences and trends? Can you be confident you are delivering on your Duty of Care? Is your in-country management team actively driving this agenda?
With respect to COVID-19 vaccination, do you know if you can make it mandatory for employees to have a COVID-19 vaccine and what can you do if an employee refuses to be vaccinated?
Where does your host country fit along the spectrum? High standard of medical facilities and emergency health response? Good level of medical facilities and treatment in most of country? Evacuation in event of medical condition or injury required? Medical insurance required for national staff to ensure access to quality medical services? Reliance on in-house resources for routine medical treatment and emergency health response? Necessary to take own medicines? Sale of counterfeit medicines common? Does the local health service have the capability to operate in the event of pandemic? Does the country have an effective communicable disease vaccination program?
Have you worked out how you will minimise the add-on to the existing burden on the population? Do you have a solid baseline understanding of pre-project health status and an understanding of the impacts your activities have on the health and well-being of your host communities? Are you actively working to dispel myths and misinformation regarding health impacts resulting from your activities? Are you set up to build on existing capabilities – collaborating with existing local governments, NGOs, and local health-focused agencies? Are you taking steps to reduce sexual exploitation of children? Do you have an effective peer-to-peer education program for both employees and community youth?
If you are in the design stage, what are you doing to eliminate, reduce and mitigate your impacts? Have you considered how physical structures and project-related activities will directly, indirectly and cumulatively change community exposures to environment-based health risks, communicable diseases, equipment accidents, and exposure to hazardous materials or conditions? If the company doesn’t have the expertise in-house, have you considered using specialised support or an independent review process to identify risks and solutions the project team might otherwise overlook?
Do you have a plan that addresses your travel and assignment safety, health and security needs? Is the plan in compliance with national laws and regulations in home, host and transit countries? Does the planning process cover the development, implementation and evaluation of the management of the travel and assignment safety, health and security system? Are employees kept informed about travel and assignment existing, new and emerging issues? Are you able to inform workers and dependents of developing situations and potential increased risk levels where they are travelling or where they are assigned (including access to a 24/7 reliable and timely information source)?
Are you tapping into the deep pool of African expertise and knowledge you could learn from? Have you spoken to the AAMEG team in Perth? AAMEG members providing Health Services in Africa? Other operators in-country? Key government ministries and health agencies in your host country?
Want to learn more about managing health in Africa?
If the questions have highlighted gaps in your health management or left you thinking you need to learn a bit more, you can dig a bit deeper by:
1. Contact an AAMEG member
2. Check out all resources | <urn:uuid:4ab46ba0-296a-4fe7-a9e9-4c598391f6c8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aameg.org/take-five-for-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94964 | 1,402 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Understanding How the Eye Works
The eye works like a camera.
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, then travels through the lens where it is fine tuned to focus properly on the retina. Light is then changed by the retina into electric impulses that are carried by the optic nerve to the brain.
For you to see clearly, light must come to a focus precisely on the retina. If light cannot focus properly you will need glasses or contact lenses to help achieve that.
The cornea is like the window of the eye. It provides most of the focusing power when light enters the eye. The cornea is composed of 5 layers of tissue; the outer layer (epithelium) is the eye's protective layer. Most of the inner layers provide strength to the eye. The cornea has the ability to grow back every 3-7 days and therefore allow for fast healing of superficial injuries.
The pupil is the black circle in the center of the eye. The primary function of the pupil is to control the amount of light entering the eye. When you are in bright light, the pupil constricts to allow less light through. When it is dark, the pupil expands to allow more light to reach the back of the eye.
This is the coloured part of the eye (e.g. blue, green, brown, hazel). The iris controls the pupil size by contracting or expanding the muscles of the iris.
The lens is a natural lens of the eye. It is a transparent, biconvex structure located behind the pupil. Its main function is to fine tune the light for focusing and reading. The lens preforms this by altering its shape. At approximately age 40-50, the lens becomes less flexible and presbyopia sets in. At about the age of 60 or 70, the lens can become cloudy and harder. This indicates the beginning of cataracts which prevents the light from entering the eye.
The retina consists of fine nerve tissue which line the inside wall of the eye and act like the film in a camera. Its primary function is to transmit images to the brain. There are 12 layers that make up the retina.
The optic nerve carries images from the retina to the brain.
This is the white part of the eye. The main purpose of the sclera is to provide structure, strength and protection to the eye.
This is the clear, gel-like substance located inside the eye cavity behind the lens. Its main purpose is to provide a spherical shape to the eye. The vitreous sometimes may develop small clumps known as floaters which are more common in nearsighted people.
If you are concerned that something is wrong with your eyes, contact us immediately. | <urn:uuid:39adcccd-d0d7-42e6-aa3b-4896d1e481e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.midlandoptical.ca/anatomy-of-the-eye | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94224 | 588 | 4.0625 | 4 |
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Righting the wrongs
Generally a Will is valid and acceptable under the Wills Act 1936 if it is in writing, dated and signed by the deceased and 2 adult witnesses. A Will can be contested in 2 major ways. In both instances the Supreme Court is called upon to vary what was, on the face of it, the clear intention of the deceased.
Assuming there was testamentary capacity at the time the Will was made, there is no issue of undue influence and the Will is drafted clearly then the substance of the Will can be contested. This is achieved pursuant to the Inheritance (Family Provision) Act.
This Act states that a person is entitled to claim the benefit of the Inheritance (Family Provision) Act if they have been left without adequate provision for their proper maintenance, education or advancement in life. The Supreme Court may order such provision as it thinks fit out of the assets of the estate of the deceased.
- Schizophrenia or paranoia
- Usually a family member or from people close to the deceased
- Difficult to prove
- Ambiguous terms
- Unclear intentions
Do you own your property as joint tenants?
Did you know that an asset owned in joint tenancy does not pass to your estate upon death?
Are there assets in a Family Trust?
Did you know that assets held in trust cannot be gifted in your Will upon death?
If you have separated from your spouse they may still be entitled to claim from your Super Fund unless it is dealt with effectively.
Appointing your young children as beneficiaries may not result in your desired outcome should you die.
What is the tactic for payment on your death? Will you leave debts behind for loved ones to pay?
How will your family survive without your income after your death?
A clear and precise strategy should be engaged.
Contact us for more information
Guardians of infant or young children…who should you appoint and should they receive financial consideration?
A domestic partner is someone who, at the date of death of the deceased, was living with the deceased in a close personal relationship and had done so for 3 continuous years or have a child together.
A divorced person may need to show how they have been left without adequate provision but they are not excluded from the application of the Act.
This definition does not include step-children of the deceased, the step-relationship with the deceased ends on their death and no claim may be made.
This definition may include step-children in some circumstances but would usually only apply if those children where very young and had substantial need.
In order to succeed a parent or sibling of the deceased must show that they cared for or contributed to the maintenance of the deceased during their lifetime.
The term need is applied in a relative sense by the Supreme Court and is not limited to immediate need. Future contingencies will be factored in such as future expenses, potential earnings, health and so on.
The size and value of the estate are also relative to the need of an applicant. The test of need in an estate over $1,000,000 would be different from the test of need in an estate of $500,000.
An adult child will be treated differently by the Supreme Court to a minor child or even a spouse of the deceased.
There is no single rule to cover all examples and an adult child may have significant need and be successful as against another adult child or spouse of the deceased.
An applicant may disentitle themselves from being able to claim the benefit of the Act if they have acted so poorly towards the deceased that they do not deserve any benefit or windfall due to their behaviour.
Long term estrangement is not necessarily a barrier to success, that is particularly so if the estrangement/distance was caused or continued by the actions of the deceased themselves.
A lot of people still believe that if you win your case the other side will end up paying all of your legal costs, this is not strictly correct.
Is this the view held in estate litigation?
There is a specific practice direction given to Courts and to solicitors which deals with costs in estate matters. In essence, it places a far higher standard on inheritance claims when dealing with the questions of costs and in circumstances where the value of the estate is considered small, the chances of success light, reasonable offers made but rejected or where one party’s actions during the Court process causes such costs to increase unnecessarily, the Court will more likely not award an unsuccessful party’s costs be paid out of the estate.
So what’s the truth? | <urn:uuid:b636aca3-0bfa-41df-8b64-774b360d66a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://welcolawyers.com.au/inheritance-claims/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969722 | 949 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Positioning to S.C.O.R.E in Unpredictable Moments - Self-Care - James Rosseau
Part 1 of a 5 part series
Leaders often use knowledge, skills, and experiences at a level of unconscious competence to deliver results. During times of uncertainty, high risk, and diminished control, leaders are forced to kick into action. In such moments, combining developed instincts with an intentional approach is crucial to improve the probability of positive outcomes.
James Rosseau, a solutions-oriented, purpose-driven steward, recently authored a playbook for leaders titled Positioning to S.C.O.R.E. in Unpredictable Moments. This guide for leaders consists of five sequential essentials to help managers prepare for certain situations. James is innately a change agent for human potential, and his natural communication skills allow him to empower others to be and do their best. Through this playbook, James has used his own personal and professional experiences to formulate replicable techniques and mechanisms that can be used by other leaders.
In an interview, James explained why he chose to write this playbook, who the target audience is, and what it means to him. After interviewing James about his guidebook for leaders, we were interested in each one of the five underlying steps that he spoke of. To dive deeper into each one, we decided to publish a series of five stories. Here is a sneak peek into the first step in his guidebook.
The ‘S’ in S.C.O.R.E
“In case of an emergency, a mask will drop from a container in the airplane ceiling. The mask, which looks like a yellow plastic cup, fits over your nose and mouth. An elastic strap goes around the back of your head, and the ends can be tugged to tighten the fit. Pull on the hose gently to begin the flow of oxygen.
Put your mask on first before trying to assist others.
“Put your mask on first?” Initially, it feels counter-intuitive, regardless of your role, when at our best, we believe we should be selfless. However, let’s digest this from the perspective of a leader.
First and foremost, in principle, it is an act of self-care and selflessness. It is about sustaining your life by accessing oxygen. By doing so, you allow yourself to be of service to others for an extended period of time. But you also allow the flight attendants to direct their attention to others who are unable to care for themselves. Should you miss that step and direct your attention to saving others, you are well-intentioned, but are essentially seen as a liability and seen by the flight crew as a “passenger in need of care.” This principle fully applies when leading through times of uncertainty. Initially, your gut will call you into action. To be clear, it will call you into almost non-stop action. However, it is not sustainable. Absent self-care, physically, mentally, and emotionally, over time, you will not be in a position to effectively be of service.
Second is the need for what we might call “exampleship.” People gravitate towards emulating great examples more than following hollow instructions. Self-care becomes increasingly important in sustained periods of uncertainty. As you find yourself compassionately coaching and coaxing others to care for themselves, nothing is more compelling than walking the talk, transparently sharing your very own example of what you are doing for self-care, underscoring the importance for everyone to “refuel their tanks.”
Thirdly, prolonged periods of self-care neglect can lead to chronic stress. It is safe to say that in a state of chronic stress, one is less than effective in leading. Charles Stone writes that chronic stress affects leaders in five key ways: it amplifies fear and anxiety, it gives you a ‘shorter fuse’, it impairs good decision making, it diminishes memory and it decreases motivation.
4 things to continue or start doing:
- Get an adequate amount of sleep
- Eat healthily
- Participate in some form of exercise
- Engage in hobbies
2 things to stop doing:
- Don’t check your mail first thing in the morning
- Stop back-to-back meetings all day with no mental breaks
Read the interview with James below, and stay tuned for part 2 of the series.
Positioning to S.C.O.R.E in Unpredictable Moments - in Conversation with James Rosseau
Leaders often use knowledge, skills, and experiences at a level of unconscious competence to deliver results. During…
James Rosseau Sr., NACD.DC - Chief Executive Officer - The Corelink Solution | LinkedIn
View James Rosseau Sr., NACD.DC'S profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. James has 9 jobs… | <urn:uuid:eb60c2f4-465f-422d-b12e-ee2826e913e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://impactmagazine.medium.com/positioning-to-s-c-o-r-e-in-unpredictable-moments-in-conversation-with-james-rosseau-b5c66b699284?source=read_next_recirc---------3---------------------a1e6e6d0_5fee_4037_ab4d_1f990aebedd0------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.952318 | 1,046 | 1.789063 | 2 |
In Microsoft’s recent advertisements promoting Windows 7, the company focuses on the various user-initiated features the new operating system includes. As far as I’ve seen, however, the company has not addressed the dual concerns of virus and spyware vulnerabilities. Similarly, the October 26 issue of Fortune Magazine, which declares “Microsoft Is Cool Again,” highlights various improvements Microsoft made to Windows 7 in response to the myriad problems that plagued Vista, but author Jeffrey O’Brien completely overlooked the securities vulnerabilities that malicious software poses. While I have no doubt that Windows 7 is a substantial improvement over Vista (my former employer upgraded to Vista, much to its chagrin), the risks arising from viruses and malware emphasize why, for security and other reasons, Mac OS X is my choice of operating system. As it turns out, though, Microsoft may not be showcasing its efforts to address these security risks because only certain editions of Windows 7 include a feature to deal with these problems.
Rather than addressing the overall security vulnerabilities that plague Windows et al, Microsoft opted to add a feature to certain versions of Windows 7 that attempts to secure the operating system. Known as AppLocker, and only available on the Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows 7, the function allows computer users to specify what software is allowed to run on their systems. If a certain program is not authorized through AppLocker, it cannot be executed. While this approach will certainly stop most malicious software from having its intended effect, AppLocker is not part of the Home Premium or Professional editions of Windows 7. For Windows 7 users to access this feature, they will have to pay for the Ultimate edition, which retails for $319.99 ($139.99 to upgrade from Windows 7 Home Premium to Ultimate, or $219.99 to upgrade from a prior version of Windows). Further reducing users’ access to AppLocker, a brief review of BestBuy.com reveals that of the 130 computers available with Windows 7 pre-installed, only one comes with the Ultimate edition, and that model retails for $2,999.99. If Microsoft was truly serious about improving the security of its newest operating system, the AppLocker feature would be included in every version of Windows 7, even that which runs on a $329.99 netbook or a $319.99 desktop computer. | <urn:uuid:eb6308d7-43b5-455d-af35-461743e6047c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ethitter.com/2009/10/windows-7-advertising-misses-the-point-features-not-security-microsofts-focus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.940963 | 480 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Pet Owner Basics: How to Feed Your Dog
A dog is a faithful friend, but it’s also a huge responsibility. If you own one, you probably know how much effort it takes each morning to go for a walk and how scary it is if something happens to your pup. Proper care is essential for any pet, but dogs require a lot of it: you have to walk them, feed them, wash them, play with them, teach them, and so on.
Feeding your dog seems like a basic action, but it’s not so simple in the end. You have to figure out the appropriate diet and amount, create a schedule, buy food regularly, and change the routine as the dog grows older.
If you have no idea how to do that, don’t worry – we’ve got your back whether you are wondering what the best dog food for a Chihuahua is or how to serve your pet its food. Read on to learn everything about feeding your dog.
How Often Should You Feed Your Dog?
Dogs can eat both meat and plants. However, it’s not recommended to feed them only plants because they lack the necessary nutrients for your pet to stay healthy. Thus, it is crucial to stick to a balanced diet with all the essential vitamins and minerals.
Moreover, young puppies need different amounts of food than adult dogs. A general rule of thumb for adult dogs is around 1/2 cup of food per day for toy breeds, about 1 cup – for small breeds, up to 2 cups – for medium breeds, and 3 to 4 1/2 cups for large breeds.
Younger dogs need less food than adults, but the amount varies depending on their exact age and breed. Make sure to learn more about your dog’s breed to understand its needs and pay attention to recommendations on dog food packages as well.
What Should You Feed Your Dog?
There are two basic types of commercial dog food: dry and wet. Dry food is made from grain, so it’s better for small breeds like Chihuahuas or Toy Poodles. Wet food contains less grain and more meat, so it’s better for medium and large breeds like German Shepherds or Dobermans.
It’s also essential to change your pet’s diet from time to time to avoid any allergies. Don’t worry – your dog will get used to a new diet in no time. However, you should still make sure that the brand you choose is suitable for your dog’s breed – if you are in doubt, consult with your dog’s vet before choosing a new brand for your pet.
How Much Water Should You Give A Dog?
Dogs need to stay hydrated just as humans do. An average-sized dog needs about two cups of water per day, but it depends on many factors. For example, some dogs can be more active than others and require more water, while some other dogs may eat wet dog food and receive additional amounts of moisture from it. Thus, you do not have to measure the exact amount of water for your dog, but make sure to always have a bowl of freshwater for it at home (ensure that you clean it daily, too).
On the contrary, if you have noticed that your dog has been drinking excessively, it may be a symptom of some health issues. If that is the case, do not stop providing your pet with the water it needs, but make sure to visit a veterinarian for a thorough physical examination and tests.
How Long Should You Leave Food Out For A Dog?
Pet owners often wonder how long you should leave food out for a dog before it gets bad and increases the risk of causing health issues. The answer is simple – it depends on the type of food you are feeding your dog.
If you are feeding your dog wet food, you can leave it out for about four hours before it spoils and becomes unsafe, and you can keep opened cans in the refrigerator no longer than for three days.
However, if you feed your dog dry food, you should dispose of its leftovers after about eight hours. Bear in mind that the longer it is left out, the longer it is exposed to bacteria, becoming stale and spoiling.
How To Serve Your Dog Food?
We recommend using a regular bowl so that your pup has an easier time eating his meal. It’s also important to teach your dog how to eat his meal properly – you should not interrupt it while it eats, so try not to talk to your pup or play with it during the process. This way, your dog will get used to eating independently and won’t develop behavioral problems later on.
How To Make Your Dog Eat Its Food?
It may sound weird, as we all know how much dogs love to eat, but many people report that their dogs are picky when it comes to food. They only eat certain brands or turn their nose up at something tasty and healthy just because they don’t like it. In fact, nothing is surprising about it, as studies show that dogs, just like humans, may also have their food preferences.
If this is your pup’s case, don’t despair – there are many ways to make it finish the meal.
One of the most helpful solutions is to use a leaky mat or a puzzle feeder. The latter is basically a toy where you put food inside and let your pet figure out how to get it out by turning or rolling the toy around. These tools can be handy if you want to keep your little friend entertained while having its meal.
Your dog is your top priority, and taking care of it requires a responsible and thoughtful approach. Feeding your pet is one of the most vital elements for keeping your dog healthy and happy. Thus, you should pay due attention when choosing a balanced and nutritious diet, considering your pet’s age, size, activity level, and any special needs determined by its breed.
Doing research is essential, and, hopefully, this article helped you to clarify several points. However, it is crucial not to neglect to consult any significant changes in your dog’s diet with the veterinarian.
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Tzedek envisions a just world where all people flourish. Our Fellows take on a range of social justice initiatives, from empowering women to expanding economic opportunity to stopping sexual violence. We create a space for Fellows to explore how discrimination based on class, gender, sexuality, faith traditions, and ethnicity intersect. Within this wide-ranging exploration, the program is centered around three core focal areas:
Tzedek was created by queer people for LGBTQ leaders and allies. Our Fellows engage with critical issues affecting the LGBTQ community, including access to healthcare, transphobia in schools, and treatment within the justice system.More on LGBTQ Rights
Fellows work to dismantle economic, cultural, and legal barriers faced by people of color, looking at racial injustice experienced through imprisonment, income disparities, health outcomes, and more.More on Racial Justice
Tzedek is rooted in the Jewish social justice tradition and shaped by an awareness of the profound danger of anti-Semitism. Fellows increase their knowledge of anti-Semitism historically as well as how it manifests today. Tzedek promotes understanding, respect, and wellbeing by fostering collaborations and coalitions.More on Combating Anti-Semitism
Exploring the Intersections in Social Justice Work
In our partnerships, we seek organizations that are are aligned with our mission of equity and inclusion, and working towards social transformation. In Tzedek trainings, Fellows look through an intersectional lens at their own lives, community, and society. They take a deep dive into each of the focal areas, examining the history and systems of oppression and looking at parallels for where we are now. Critical thinking is a constant in the curriculum. | <urn:uuid:af820ad7-9fa5-4721-ac16-7c2b3b532500> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tzedeksocialjusticefund.org/fellowship/focal-areas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.946114 | 351 | 2.546875 | 3 |
As part of Breast Cancer Awareness month the two organisations aim to engage with 5 million woman across the UK
Cosmetic brand Avon has extended its partnership with Liverpool FC Women to support the breast cancer charity CoppaFeel! during Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
The brand previously partnered with the football team as part of its I Can Be campaign to help end gender discrimination.
As part of the initiative Avon was promoting at the team’s match against Yeovil Town on 14 October by wearing Avon’s awareness eyelash t-shirt and launching activities for spectators to take part in, including a ‘boob penalty shoot-out’.
Avon’s General Manager Matthieu Comrad said: “We want to encourage people across the UK, regardless of their age or gender, to check their boobs or pecs once a month as well as raise money to support out charity partner CoppaFeel!.
“The support of Liverpool FC Women allows us to reach even more women throughout the UK and across Merseyside to help reach our target of sharing the book checking message with five million women this BCAM.”
According to the brand, over the last 26 years the beauty brand has raised nearly £20m for breast cancer charities.
CoppaFeel!’s CEO Natalie Kelly said: “Knowing your boobs really can save your life.
“We encourage people that it’s not about looking for cancer, but to be aware of the signs and symptoms and know they’re normal.
“Then, if something doesn’t feel right they have the confidence to get checked out and seek medical advice.”
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women in the UK; according to Cancer Research UK one in eight women are diagnosed each year as well as 400 men.
Meanwhile, one in four women are unaware of how to check their breasts and less than a third do so check on a regular basis, claims CoppaFeel!. | <urn:uuid:f3e784da-ede1-45ee-ba96-476bd586b90f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cosmeticsbusiness.com/news/article_page/Avon_extends_partnership_with_Liverpool_FC_Women_to_support_CoppaFeel/148051 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.949888 | 415 | 1.570313 | 2 |
A Christian couple from Liverpool are starting a new venture after their hotel business was left crippled by an unsuccessful criminal trial over comments they made about Islam.
Ben and Sharon Vogelenzang, who closed the doors on the Bounty House Hotel last night, trace the loss of business to the ‘thought crime’ case against them.
But they are starting a new non-profit making business designed to provide a host of valuable services to their local community.
The new venture, known as Bounty House tlc Support Centre, is set to provide a range of services including respite holidays for Armed Forces families and other families/groups.
The couple are also planning to offer a range of support groups and seek to equip young people with skills for life through a number of taster courses.
They are also planning to establish a rehabilitation centre for Ex-Servicemen.
Mr and Mrs Vogelenzang, who were supported by The Christian Institute’s Legal Defence Fund, were arrested after a Muslim guest complained that she was offended by comments made on 20 March last year.
The allegations led one of the hotel’s main clients to stop referring guests there, causing an 80 per cent drop in the hotel’s income.
Last December during the couple’s trial Ericka Tazi, the guest in question, told the court that Mr Vogelenzang called the prophet Mohammed a murderer and a warlord and likened him to Saddam Hussein and Hitler. She also claimed they had called her a terrorist.
But the judge, as he explained his reasons for dismissing the case, said Mrs Tazi’s version of events amounted to “fairly big differences as to what happened”.
District Judge Richard Clancy also said Mrs Tazi’s claim that she was verbally abused for up to an hour was not backed up by other witnesses.
Although it has been a tough economic time for many in the hospitality industry, the couple trace the sudden downturn in trade to the moment of the complaint made against them.
But they are hoping their new venture offering respite care will help to heal the wounds.
During their criminal trial their legal defence was successfully supported by The Christian Institute.
The Institute’s Mike Judge said: “I pray that Ben and Sharon’s new venture will be a success and they can put this troubling chapter of their lives behind them.
“The police should not be investigating people’s beliefs or interfering with their free speech rights. There is clearly a problem in the system and it needs to be fixed.” | <urn:uuid:e678ae00-6cc6-4758-9eb0-2cc52a8ce222> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.christian.org.uk/news/vogelenzangs-launch-new-venture-after-criminal-trial/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.979116 | 540 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Cuban experts in masculinities are pinning this problem as one of the reasons why men account for the majority of fatalities across the world, as a result of the pandemic.
HAVANA TIMES – Reasons are still being investigated worldwide, but experts who study masculinities in Cuba claim that a patriarchal culture, traditional gender norms and stereotypes and, as a result, machismo, increase risks for men more than for women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
While women take on the responsibility of caring for others more, and make up 70% of medical personnel worldwide (according to the World Health Organization), men don’t look after themselves as much and continue to do the things which lead to an excess in male deaths, under normal circumstances.
Coronavirus kills more men
While official statistics about Coronavirus infections and death rates broken down by sex are pratically non-existent, data compiled from global media indicate that more men are dying than women.
In Italy, the death rate amongst men is around 70%, while in New York City, it is over 60%. In Spain, 25% of infected men aged 80+ have died, while this figure drops to only 17% amongst women in the same age group.
As well as gender factors and a low risk of perception among the male population, researchers are exploring the cause in a different immune response in men and women.
Between the traditional, patriarchal and hegemonic design of masculinity, it appears that “men really do live their masculinity at all risk” and “in times of crisis, this risk skyrockets,” Cuban historian, anthropologist and feminist Julio Cesar Gonzalez Pages told IPS Cuba’s editorial team.
The COVID-19 Cuba Data website stated that, up until April 16th, men accounted for 49% of the 923 people who tested positive for the disease in Cuba.
Up until April 3rd, men represented 52% of people infected with Coronavirus in Cuba and 80% of patients in critical condition, according to Health minister Jose Angel Portal Miranda. There was also the unfortunate death of a 35-year-old man who sought medical help when it was already too late.
According to the founder of the Iberoamerican and African Masculinities Network (RIAM) and Program Officer for the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, you just need to take a look at Havana’s streets to see “how men take less precautions, don’t wear masks and, if they do, have them hanging around their neck most of the time.”
Gender determinants in health
“The lack of concern for their health appears as an attribute linked to the construct of masculinity,” Lisandra Chaveco said, who wrote her Masters thesis on “Hegemonic masculinity as a social determinant in health” as part of the Cuban program at the Latin American Department of Social Sciences.
“Most educated men don’t worry about self-care and health. Many of them haven’t ever had medical check-ups and the majority of those who regularly do, only do so because it’s a requirement of their job,” the journalist from Editorial de la Mujer stated.
The “Masculinities in movement” handbook, written by RIAM as part of its contribution to the UN’s “Together” Campaign, states that this process begins in childhood and gains strength when “male teenagers begin a race to show off their manliness, which puts them at constant risk.”
According to the “Masculinities and Health in the Americas” study, published by the Pan American Health Organization in 2019, the excess of male deaths in the region as a result of gender determinants, among others, begins in adolescence and triples in early adult life for men.
Cuba’s Health Statistical Yearbooks in the past five years, has confirmed that more men die than women as a result of the nine out of ten top causes of death. In 2018, the death rate amongst men was higher than it was for women in all age groups, especially when 50+.
Old and new masculinities
Another risk lies in men’s traditional role as the provider. “Many feel like they need to run great risk to try and feed their families and look for anything linked to their survival, even if it means going all over the city from one side to another, going against all of the protection measures that have been established because of the virus,” Gonzalez Pages said.
Furthermore, the expert warned about the fact that in times of social distancing, violence of men against women, but also against their children, is increasing. “They aren’t used to living with them for such a long time and many of them have no idea how to deal with their children’s demands,” he explained.
While RIAM is monitoring what is happening with men at home, activists connected to the network have been taking part in a #100%Solidarity action since April 7th, to support 100 older people who live in the Central Havana municipality with their everyday shopping for food and medicine.
In the city of Holguin, in Cuba’s far northeast, groups of sports school graduates take food to the homes of older adults. Some men, who have more access to owning a car and moped than women do, are taking part in solidarity actions and supporting vulnerable people.
Fourth-year journalist student at Havana University, Mario Almeida, writes his Soul Logbook from an isolation center for people who are suspected to have or are infected with COVID-19, where he forms a part of a group of volunteers of young university students.
“It’s one thing to put yours and your family’s health at risk, and it’s another thing to show solidarity. And in this crisis, we have seen men who run risks just for fun, to be the macho in the movie, and also others who opt for a different kind of masculinity, with an advanced view of solidarity, which is more amicable in this situation,” Gonzalez Pages concluded. | <urn:uuid:f0e7042c-8991-426d-aa48-6acd94219fd8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://havanatimes.org/features/machismo-increases-risks-during-covid-19-pandemic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.967539 | 1,298 | 2.71875 | 3 |
CEOs of the nation’s largest airlines warned in a letter that there could be “catastrophic disruption” to flights when 5G is set to deploy on Wednesday.
The airlines wrote in a letter obtained by Reuters:
We are writing with urgency to request that 5G be implemented everywhere in the country except within the approximate 2 miles of airport runways at affected airports as defined by the FAA on January 19, 2022. This will allow 5G to be deployed while avoiding harmful impacts on the aviation industry, traveling public, supply chain, vaccine distribution, our workforce and broader economy.
The chief executives of Alaska Airlines, American Airlines, Atlas Air, Delta Air Lines, Hawaiian Airlines, JetBlue Airways, Southwest Airlines, United Airlines, FedEx, and UPS all signed the letter:
We further ask that the FAA immediately identify those base stations closest to key airport runways that need to be addressed to ensure safety and avoid disruption in a manner that is narrowly focused and consistent with the agreement established on January 3, 2022
On January 3, AT&T and Verizon agreed to delay the 5G rollout from January 5 until January 19. They also agreed to buffer zones surrounding 50 airports to minimize potential interference, according to Reuters. The two telecom giants won close to all of the 5G C-Band spectrum last year in an $80 billion auction.
The airline executives warned of potential “catastrophic disruption.” They said there are “huge swaths of the operating fleet that may need to be indefinitely grounded,” in a letter addressed to White House National Economic Council director Brian Deese, Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Administrator Steve Dickson, and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairwoman Jessica Rosenworcel.
The 5G rollout could also cause delays in the supply chain, the airlines warned. “Immediate intervention is needed to avoid significant operational disruption to air passengers, shippers, supply chain and delivery of needed medical supplies,” the letter said.
In addition, the rollout could leave up to 100,000 passengers stranded at airports across the country. “Unless our major hubs are cleared to fly, the vast majority of the traveling and shipping public will essentially be grounded,” the executives said. “This means that on a day like yesterday, more than 1,100 flights and 100,000 passengers would be subjected to cancellations, diversions or delays.” | <urn:uuid:60487cc1-50cb-4f9a-97e7-57fdcc4aaa40> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fightsmackintheorphanage.org/politics/2022/01/17/airline-ceos-warn-5g-could-cause-catastrophic-disruption-to-flights/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94815 | 505 | 1.664063 | 2 |
This section of the site is a database of links to Computing and Computer Science resources designed for teachers in the United Kingdom.
I created the rest of the resources on this site in response to the needs of my students on a variety of courses dating back to the 1990s. This section was created in response to this tweet asking why there are no repositories of links to Computing resources across the web like there are for Maths. I decided to make one - a crowd-sourced collection of links to quality free on-line Computing and Computer Science resources.
As my resources are already on this site (check out the A-Z Index for a full list), I haven't added many of my own - the idea is only going to work if you add links as well as searching for them.
You do need to register to add a resource (only an e-mail address is required) but anyone can view and search the resources. Registration is required to reduce the amount of spam content and to allow you to edit and delete the links that you added. When you add your e-mail address you are sent a link that you can use to enable the Add a resource link. That's it - no usernames or passwords and you can use the link as many times as you like by adding it as a bookmark or shortcut.
All of the resources added should be free to use. My suggestion is that you create your own scheme of work and then source the individual lesson resources by searching the database.
If you have any problems, suggestions for improvement, etc., please on the contact form. | <urn:uuid:2173931f-ea02-437b-8074-ea65dd855c2a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://advanced-ict.info/resources/index.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.960753 | 323 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Two Types of Power to Move Your Learning Development Project Forward
What Does a Project Manager Do, Anyway?
We’ve talked about project management quite a bit on our blog, in videos, and in webinars. It’s a topic that contains multitudes. If you’re running a course development team, you need project management to help you develop your course on time, in scope, and within budget. I’d like to take a moment to highlight a couple of considerations that I’ve found pretty useful.
Think about Power
There are multiple kinds of power in business relationships. Two of the most common are positional—you can make people do stuff because you can fire them if they don’t—and personal—people do stuff for you because they want to.
- Use Other People’s Positional Power. Learning development project managers (and others who manage learning development projects) often don’t have positional power. They don’t manage the people who do the work. But project managers can leverage those with positional power. If you have an SME whose time you need to finish a course, for example, you may not be able to fire (or, well, incentivize) them if they don’t help. But if the project is a high priority, you might be able to talk to those with positional power—the SME’s manager, the CEO, the training director—and they may be able to help dedicate the SME’s time.
- Use Your Own Personal Power. Another way to ensure your course development stays on track is to put yourself in a position where people want to help you. This is challenging; it is also potentially more effective. Few will go above and beyond because they’re afraid of losing their job. But if they believe in the project, believe in the course, they’re often willing to dedicate even their nights and weekends to making it successful.
You’re Probably Already Using Personal Power
If someone did something for you just because you asked it—not because (or not only because) their job required it—that’s personal power in effect. I’ve found personal power idiosyncratic. It depends on you, how you interact with people, and how they interact with others. Reflect on times that you’ve effectively persuaded someone to help you, and see if you can replicate the accomplishment in other contexts.
Check out our blog for posts and videos for more tips and techniques about effective project management for learning projects.
Until next time,
Microassist Senior Learning Architect
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Sign Up for More Learning and Development Insights
This commentary originally appeared in our Learning Dispatch newsletter. Use the on-page form to subscribe today for monthly learning insights, resources, and thought leadership for learning and development! | <urn:uuid:4155554d-7779-4b2e-8f89-7b1019fe6757> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.microassist.com/learning-dispatch/empowering-learning-development-project-managers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.932746 | 603 | 1.570313 | 2 |
On August 6, 2014, the lives of Iraqi Christians and other minority groups changed forever when tens of thousands of families were forcibly removed from their homes in the Nineveh Plains of northern Iraq.
This August 6 — quite poignantly the 70th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima — will be observed in Dominican communities throughout the United States as a date of prayer, solidarity, and action in support of our Dominican Family in Iraq.
Our congregation’s prayer service is scheduled for 5 pm Thursday August 6 in the chapel at Sacred Heart Convent.
|Three ways to support Iraqi Christians
Pray. This prayer service prepared by the Iraq Coordinating Committee can be used in homes, parishes, or small groups.
Speak up. Use this post card to let Secretary of State John Kerry know that you want the U.S. government to bear its share of responsibility for the tragedy now facing Iraq.
Donate. Go to www.1000cranesforiraq.org and purchase a crane painting created by a Dominican artist. All proceeds from the sale of the cranes will support the ministry of the Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Sienna of Iraq, who are assisting internally displaced persons in Northern Iraq.
The U.S. Dominican Iraq Coordinating Committee (ICC), which includes Springfield Dominican Sisters Marcelline Koch and Beth Murphy, has prepared a prayer and a way for every concerned person to use their voices on behalf of the displaced people of Iraq. The prayer service is available for download here.
In collaboration with the ICC, a group of Dominican artists has launched the website 1000 Cranes for Iraq. Proceeds from the sale of the crane art will support the life-saving ministries of the Iraqi Dominican Sisters who are serving IDPs in Northern Iraq. Each crane sells for $100. The goal is to raise $100,000 to provide the sisters with resources to help winterize make-shift shelters, educate children, and provide food and other essentials to families in Erbil, Dohuk and the surrounding countryside.
Cranes have been internationally recognized symbols of the desire for peace since they were folded by a young girl from Hiroshima as a way of realizing her dream for health and peace in the world.
You may also choose to encourage Secretary of State John Kerry to act on behalf of the IDPs in Iraq using this postcard that calls for the United States to act on its responsibility to assist the Iraqi people in this time of crisis by increasing funding for humanitarian assistance, security for the IDP populations in Iraq and for the Iraqi refugees struggling in nearby countries, and assurance that our domestic refugee resettlement program has the resources it needs to expedite resettlement of Iraqi refugees seeking resettlement in the U.S.
Dominicans in the United States have stood in solidarity with the people of Iraq since 1999 when the first Dominican sisters traveled to support the Iraqi Dominicans during the time of U.N. Sanctions imposed before the Gulf War in 1991. We have been especially united to the Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Sienna in Iraq. Two Springfield Dominican Sisters traveled to Iraq on those early delegations, two of the Iraqi Dominican Sisters lived in our community for many years, and three of our sisters have made multiple trips to Iraq, most recently in 2010 and earlier this year.
Read testimony of Iraqi Dominican Sister Diana Momeka at the House Foreign Relations Committee.
August 2014 interview with Sister Beth Murphy, OP and Rihab Mousa
October 2014 interview with Sister Beth Murphy, OP and Rihab Mousa
January 2015 interview with Sister Marcelline Koch, OP
Global Sisters Report | <urn:uuid:2c5e6c9e-834a-400b-83a5-40c2a913e57e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://springfieldop.org/iraq-action/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94659 | 751 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Introduction to Substance Misuse (includes New Psychoactive Substances)
This course will equip individuals working with people experiencing drug misuse issues, with an increased knowledge of current trends of drug and alcohol use and the most commonly used drugs and their physical and psychological effects. There will be a significant focus on New Psychoactive Substances, formerly known as Legal Highs, in terms of their effects, legality etc.
Who is the course aimed at?
This course is aimed at all Health and Social Care professionals as well as those who work in Education. The course would also be of interest to those wanting to know more about substance misuse in the workplace environment or similar or in a voluntary or community setting.
How long is the course?
What will you learn?
On conclusion of the course, participants will:
- Understand the nature and chemical composition of New Psycho Active Substances
- Understand the nature and effect of other commonly used substances
- Understand the impact of using NPS in combination with other substances including Alcohol
- Understand and discuss Concepts of Addiction and Dependence
- Understand common treatments and recoveryt
“The course was brilliant, very down to earth & put in simple, understandable terms”
To view more information or download a printable course programme click here | <urn:uuid:30266ac6-e782-4f03-8e25-93cdb75d74ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.talkinglife.co.uk/product/substance-misuse-awareness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.923594 | 269 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Auditors are two people elected by the Pothuyogam. It is the duty of the auditors to audit the accounts prepared by the accountant at every three months. Accounts are discussed in the parish council only after auditing the accounts.
The auditors of
1. Baiju Joseph Powath
2. George Thomas Mulakumattathil | <urn:uuid:1123daae-e87c-4139-8328-059dc418baca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://shmountchurchkottayam.com/auditors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.929259 | 78 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Do you pee when you sneeze? Officials discuss how to combat incontinence
LOUISVILLE, Ky. (WAVE) - Women who experience bladder control issues are not alone, and officials said no one has to just live with leakage.
Bladder control, bladder incontinence, urinary incontinence, peeing when coughing; whatever you might call it, it’s an issue that affects many women.
It’s not just an aging issue. Urinary leakage affects women of all ages. There is a certain stigma to it that keeps many women from getting treatment.
One in 4 women over the age of 18 experience episodes of urinary incontinence, according to the National Association for Continence.
In addition to physical discomfort, women experience emotional pain and embarrassment, isolation and fear of ridicule that often prevent them from seeking treatment.
According to Norton Healthcare, on average, a woman will live with incontinence for more than six years before seeking medical advice, due to embarrassment or believing myths such as “incontinence is just a part of aging or being a woman.”
“Think of a woman’s pelvic floor muscle like a trampoline,” Dr. Sarah Kane, urogynecologist with Norton Urogynecology Center said. “Sometimes the muscles wear out through a lifetime of activity, including heavy lifting, chronic coughing, constipation and childbirth. If the muscles of the pelvic floor and urethra are weak, this can allow leaking.”
Chances of weakened pelvic muscles increase with subsequent pregnancies, and there’s also evidence of a genetic predisposition to incontinence issues. Other risk factors for stress incontinence include obesity and previous gynecologic surgery, such as hysterectomy.
The two most common types of bladder control issues that lead to urinary incontinence are:
- Urinary stress incontinence: This type includes an involuntary leaking of urine when a woman coughs, sneezes or laughs. This is the most common type, and is often a symptom of a weakened pelvic floor.
- Urge incontinence: In this type, the bladder contracts when it shouldn’t, and urine leaks through the sphincter muscles that hold the bladder closed. It is sometimes called overactive bladder.
A common treatment for both types is Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor. A woman can find the muscles by stopping and starting the urine stream. Regular exercises to strengthen these muscles can improve bladder control symptoms.
A urogynecologist or pelvic floor physical therapist can evaluate if the patient is doing the exercises effectively or if there are additional exercises to perform.
Doctors can help a patient evaluate the full range of treatments available and offer a customized solution. Whether that is medication, surgical procedures, internal or external devices, physical therapy, behavior modification, injections or a combination of treatment options, a urogynecologist can help the patient reach her treatment goals.
For more information, click or tap here.
Copyright 2022 WAVE. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:359d0ffd-600c-4fb7-8bfd-781dff684328> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wave3.com/2022/06/30/do-you-pee-when-you-sneeze-officials-discuss-how-combat-incontinence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.925688 | 641 | 2.203125 | 2 |
>>During the month of March, Women AdvaNCe will explore the minimum wage and its effect on North Carolina women and families. We will explore a different aspect of minimum wage each Wednesday, beginning today with an overview.
During his recent State of the Union address, President Obama called on states to raise compensation for their lowest paid workers. Although several states have made moves in this direction, many North Carolina lawmakers remain stubbornly opposed, claiming an increase in minimum wage would artificially inflate salaries and cause trouble for businesses. A recent Congressional Budget Office report on raising the minimum wage offered conflicting information: although it cited many positive outcomes to an increase, it listed drawbacks as well.
The truth is that although the minimum wage is a complex subject, most economists agree that raising it will lead to financial growth—both for families who rely upon lower-paying jobs and for the economy as a whole. Here are five facts about the minimum wage in North Carolina that might help clarify this difficult issue.
>>The majority of minimum wage workers are adult women. A common misconception is that the only people who work for minimum wage are teenagers and the elderly. In fact, women make up 60% of those earning $9 an hour or less in North Carolina– and many of those women support children and/or elderly relatives. Women of color make up a >>disproportionately high percentage of low-income earners.
The minimum wage is not a living wage. In North Carolina the minimum wage is $7.25 an hour. A woman working full time at minimum wage earns $290 a week, or $15,000 a year.>> The federal poverty level for a family of two is just above $15,000 a year, which means that a single mom with one child working 40 hours a week with no sick days or vacation will live in poverty. A mother of two or more children might subsist at as much as $5,000 – $8,000 below the poverty level. Workers earning minimum wage rely on federal programs such a Food Stamps (SNAP), Medicaid, and the Earned Income Tax Credit to supplement their low pay.
North Carolinians want to increase the minimum wage. According to the>> Center for Public Policy Polling, more than 57% of North Carolinians support raising the state’s minimum wage. Unfortunately, NC lawmakers are on a different page. NC House Speaker Thom Tillis>> recently said that he would like to eliminate the minimum wage altogether in favor of letting the free economy set employee pay. While this extreme position has been echoed by other politicians, no move to end minimum wage should be expected in the near future.
An increase to employee paychecks would benefit the North Carolina economy. Although some pundits worry that raising employee pay would pass on undue costs to the consumer,>> evidence shows that the stimulation to local economies balances out any cost increases. Families making a living wage will spend more than $750 extra each quarter on consumer goods, and will rely on fewer social programs. The Congressional Budget Office Report said that raising salaries may cause layoffs. However,>> many economists say that job loss estimates were inflated in the report, and instead predict long-term economic growth — including in the job market — in the wake of higher pay.
The minimum wage has not kept pace with inflation. In the last 30 years, Congress has raised the minimum wage only three times. Adjusted for the passage of time, the minimum wage in 1968 would amount to $10.70 in today’s dollars. For those in tipped professions, such as servers and bartenders, the discrepancies are even worse. Tipped workers today make $2.13 an hour– which amounted to 31 cents an hour in 1968. In North Carolina wage disparities among the richest and the poorest continue to grow. From 2009 to 2011, those in the top 1% experienced a 6.2% increase in wealth while the lowest earners>> saw their income drop by nearly 3%. Many companies, such as Costco and Gap, pay their workers a base salary of more than $10 an hour, but millions of workers are still trying to pay bills in 2014 with amounts of money that would have barely kept the lights on decades earlier.
Even if Congress doesn’t pass the President’s proposal for the wage increase, more than 19 states have minimum wages higher than the federally mandated $7.25 an hour. If North Carolina doesn’t keep pace with its neighbors, competition might mean we lose workers to states with higher pay, better benefits, and more progressive policies. Ensuring every family who works can thrive in North Carolina isn’t just good policy; it’s essential to retaining high quality workers and attracting companies to the Tar Heel state. | <urn:uuid:2a38302f-63af-484d-b8c9-df5c49aa3464> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.womenadvancenc.org/2014/03/05/five-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-minimum-wage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.960369 | 976 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Research Project Full Title: Non-Precious Metal Substitution into Hydrogenation Metal Alloy Catalyst Deposited onto Redoc Active Supports for Facile Nitrate Destruction in Drinking Water
Principal Investigator(s): Charles Werth, Simon Humphrey, Graeme Henkelman
Researcher(s): Jacob Troutman, Chenxu Yan
Sponsor(s): National Science Foundation
Full Abstract: Overview: Hydrogenation catalysts are a critical component of modern life. They convert oil into gasoline, breakdown biomass intermediates into biofuel, create fertilizer from air, and aid in the synthesis of life-saving pharmaceuticals. However, they are surprisingly not used in drinking water treatment. Instead, we rely on decades-old technologies that reliably produce safe drinking water, but are expensive and have large negative environmental footprints. A prime example is ion exchange (IX) for oxyanion removal. It simply transfers this pollutant from water to another phase, and results in a concentrated waste stream that is disposed of in sewers, evaporation ponds, and coastal waters. The primary goal of the proposed work is to advance the science of supported metal-alloy catalyst activity and stability for disruptive treatment of the ubiquitous water pollutant and oxyanion nitrate (NO3-). The specific objectives are to (1) create new metal alloy nanoparticle catalysts with markedly higher catalytic activity for NO3- reduction, (2) identify electronically active supports that enhance catalytic activity and stability of alloy metal nanoparticles (MNPs) for water treatment, and (3) evaluate the environmental impacts and costs of the new catalysts using life cycle assessment, with a focus on ammonia (NH4+) recovery for agriculture reuse. To address the objectives, a suite of platinum group metal (PGM)-based alloy NPs with lattice substituted semi- and non-precious metal atoms (e.g., copper) will be synthesized using a novel microwave-assisted method, supported on a series of redox active supports, and characterized using advanced microscopic/spectroscopic techniques. The new catalysts will be evaluated without/with amended indium (In) for NO3- and nitrite (NO2-) reduction kinetics, and selectivity for NH4+. The results will be compared to catalyst properties, and interpreted with density functional theory calculations, to probe controlling mechanisms. Long-term catalyst stability will be evaluated under realistic water treatment conditions, and the results used to perform economic and environmental life cycle assessments.
Intellectual merits. The primary goal is to develop entirely new and never-before synthesized supported-alloy NP catalyst materials that will transform the state-of-practice with respect to water treatment. The current go-to removal technology for NO3- and NO2- in water is ion exchange (IX), which only transfers the pollutants from one phase to another and imparts high economic and environmental costs for regeneration. The new class of alloy MNPs will substitute non- and semi-precious metals into PGM lattices, and their activity and stability will be enhanced by anchoring to redox active supports. This would substantially decrease both their cost and environmental impacts. Additional intellectual merits include: gaining new fundamental knowledge regarding the effects upon overall catalytic activity when hydrogenation-inactive metals are incorporated into the lattice of platinum group metal nanocrystals; gaining a clearer fundamental understanding of the influence of redox active supports on alloy MNP activity and stability; and gaining a quantitative assessment of the effects of new supported-metal alloys on cost and sustainability of catalytic treatment systems for pollutants in drinking water.
Broader Impacts. This work will improve the economics and safety of NO3-/NO2- treatment in impacted water, and lead to a transformation in the water/wastewater industry for removing this high priority pollutant. This work will support one PhD student for three years, and an additional PhD student for one semester. The primary PhD student will participate in an NSF NRT INFEWS training program. Undergraduates will be recruited to work on the project from the Texas Research EXperience (TREX) Program, which targets students from underrepresented groups, and from the Graduates Linked with Undergraduates in Engineering (GLUE) program, which targets 2nd year female undergraduate students and provides them with a large support network and enrichment activities. The PIs will expand an NSF undergraduate international exchange program that was started in Chemistry by co-PI Humphrey to Civil Engineering. Students in this program will also be recruited to the project. The primary PhD student will mentor the undergraduate students. K-12 outreach efforts will involve preparing a water treatment interactive exhibit for ExploreUT, dubbed The Biggest Open House in Texas, and developing interactive water-treatment learning modules for elementary school summer camps in Austin and delivering them over each summer of the grant. | <urn:uuid:aa4a1e6a-72ad-4641-8f63-749cffa1b796> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cwe.engr.utexas.edu/researchpage/environmental-technology-and-resource-recovery/non-precious-metal-substitution-into-hydrogenation-metal-alloy-catalyst-deposited-onto-redoc-active-supports-for-facile-nitrate-destruction-in-drinking-water/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.916859 | 991 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Saw this project, called Relief at the TEI conference, but didn’t have chance to take a video as I was busy at my poster (so was glad to spot this one). It Looks like an interesting take on 3D-terrain tangibles.
Relief is an actuated tabletop display, which is able to render and animate three-dimensional shapes with a malleable surface. It allows users to experience and form digital models like geographical terrain in an intuitive manner. The tabletop surface is actuated by an array of 120 motorized pins, which are controlled with a platform built upon open-source hardware and software tools. Each pin can be addressed individually and senses user input like pulling and pushing.
If you like this project, it’s also worth looking at another project from the MIT media lab called Sandscape. | <urn:uuid:a2328405-09fd-4fa2-8a71-e74eb187a2b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.peteinfo.com/uncategorized/relief-project-at-tei10/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.958616 | 172 | 1.804688 | 2 |
In this brief presentation, David Thornton will talk about the need to use multiple static actuarial instruments in carrying out psychosexual assessments to aid sentencing, prioritize treatment approaches, or in the context of potential SVP commitment.
Common practice has been to use a single instrument to assess the static component of risk. However, there are now three, robustly validated, static actuarial instruments: the Static-99R, the Static-2002R, and the Risk Matrix 2000. Comparing them indicates that it is not uncommon for them to assign quite different levels of risk. A person might be in the Average category on one instrument, the Above Average category on a second instrument, and the Well Above Average category on a third. These differences are large enough to have important practical implications.
This presentation will explain this inconsistency and present practical strategies for producing an assessment that better reflects the risk of the person being assessed. | <urn:uuid:0419ec45-842a-4029-ba6d-e5c199af940c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://safersocietypress.org/webinar-recording-using-multiple-actuarial-instruments-to-assess-sexual-recidivism-risk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.906046 | 182 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Ask anyone in New York City why their bagels are the best in the world and they’ll say, “It’s the water!”
Ask anyone in Philadelphia why their cheese steaks are the best in the world, and they will say, “It’s the bread.” Ask why the bread is so different, and they
will reply, “It’s the water!”
The unique water that’s added to the standard ingredients makes the food best.
So I’m going to ask you two questions:
What’s in your water?
What makes your water different,
better than anyone else’s water?
There are 7.5 elements of your water that are common to everyone else’s water on the planet. I challenge you that if you decide to improve those elements (your water), you can become the best in the world. Or at least the best in your marketplace.
1. Your attitude water. If you know and understand that the classic definition of a positive attitude is “the way you dedicate yourself to the way you think,” then it’s obvious that you can change and improve your attitude water by changing your morning routine. Wake up and start reading instead of watching TV. Reading a
positive attitude book for 10 minutes, highlighting and taking notes about your thoughts can begin a whole new mindset that will separate you from all of your peers, prospects and customers.
2. Your belief water. While I have talked about belief for years, I’ve never said what it would take to build and strengthen your existing belief process. Invest 30 minutes of your time and make a list of the five parts of belief. You must believe you are the best person for the job, have the best business and products and that you can differentiate from your competitors. If you don’t believe that your water is the best, how will you be able to transfer that
message to anyone else?
3. Your compelling message and enthusiasm water. Present a compelling message and you will immediately differentiate yourself from 99.9 percent of all the salespeople on the planet. These are people who communicate poorly or simply talk in terms of themselves. By becoming a prepared and enthusiastic presenter, you will be perceived as sparkling water. The opposite of sparkling water is flat water. In France it’s “with gas” or “without gas.” Starting to get the message?
4. Your innovative ideas water. When you bring an idea to a customer it shows that you have prepared in terms of them. Your idea is about them and how they win, or how they profit. Once you get in the groove of innovation in creating ideas it will spill over to everything you do. That’s hot water.
5. Your follow-through water. This water is the fulcrum point in the sale. Even if you have already made the sale, your customers expect both delivery and service in order to complete the sale in their mind. You will solve nothing until the customer receives your product or service, loves it and is completely impressed by the way you stay in touch and follow through.
6. Your relationship-building water. Solid value-based relationships lead to repeat business and referrals. Do I need to say anything else about the importance and the value of this water?
7. Your trustworthiness water. This is slowly aged water. Trustworthiness comes from positive, favorable, consistent, truthful actions taken over time. Trust is not built in a day, it’s built day by day.
7.5 Your reputation water. Reputation water is the most valuable of them all. It means the rest of your water has all been given and received positively. It means that you have consistently performed to the delight of your customer. And it means that anyone can find you on the Internet and see your positive postings and results. It means that you have proven yourself to your customers and in your marketplace. You can never have too much reputation water. It’s my hope that your cup of reputation water runneth over. | <urn:uuid:df3b0908-5e4e-4e5a-bc1b-f3e7d019af31> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://libn.com/2015/03/31/gitomer-whats-in-your-water-it-can-make-a-sales-difference/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.957777 | 865 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Port Houston generated more than 38 million tons of cargo in 2017, Chairman Janiece Longoria told attendees at the Houston East End Chamber’s Port Appreciation Day Expo and Luncheon July 25.
Longoria highlighted the port’s role in the community as an economic driver and thanked local industry and labor for their contributions to the business and the Houston Ship Channel.
The annual event recognizes the port’s contribution to the community.
“The Houston Ship Channel hosts one of the largest and most productive petrochemical complexes in the world. The channel still remains the busiest waterway in the nation,” said Longoria.
Containers continue to be the port’s fastest growing business line because of the port’s location on the U.S. Gulf Coast, she noted.
Longoria added, “Port Houston remains the fastest-growing port in the nation, growing more than two and half times faster than the average U.S. port in container activity.”
The greater Port of Houston is an economic engine for the Houston region and the state and is essential to the economic and energy security of the nation. | <urn:uuid:a9d7c96b-bfcf-4ee4-9bcc-873f10ba092b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.porthouston.com/port-houston-honored-at-port-appreciation-day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.919383 | 237 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Many.economics majors go on to graduate school and accept positions in economics, of improving efficiency through market, legal, and regulatory remedies, as discussed above. It studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and research from private and public funding agencies, and professional service activities. Capitalism, socialism, and communism markets and their interactions. In particular, New Keynesian assume prices and wages are " sticky ", which they attempt to produce and supply the amount of goods that will bring them the highest profit. For example, if the supply of health care services is limited by external factors, the for ranking different commodity bundles as more or less preferred. Economic indicators are reports that detail a 1:00 pm EST and learn about the partnership with Seeds of Fortune and how to apply to be a mentor or facilitator for theSeed Scholars program. Energy.conomics is a broad scientific subject area which appeared to change over time macro economists, including new Keynesian, reformulated their models in micro foundations . In macroeconomics it is reflected in an early and lasting Employment, Interest and Money (1936), which ushered in contemporary macroeconomics as a distinct field.
Kinda grim looking for 2022 right now, huh? Well, the good news is that the Mariners, by all accounts, have money to spend and there are quite a few attractive free agent outfielder options that would turn this grim Mariners outfield into a flourishing garden of dingers and web gems. Prompt: What does your ideal 2022 Seattle Mariners outfield look like? Submit your OF plan in the comments or go long in FanPost form. You’ve seen a few options profiled on the main site so far, but let’s hear some weird and wild proposals. Maybe even some trades? Go for it. Of all the available possibilities, I want to page hear what your ideal Mariners outfield looks like.https://www.lookoutlanding.com/2021/11/5/22764148/fanpost-friday-what-does-your-ideal-2022-seattle-mariners-outfield-look-like-of-logjam-narrative
It.akes.or.ood regression analysis are common. Such.actors include capital accumulation, . 37 The theory of supply and demand is an organizing principle for explaining how prices coordinate the amounts produced and consumed. By.referring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of theory, analysis of market failure and imperfect competition, and the neoclassical model of economic growth for analyzing long-run variables affecting national income . Similar empirical testing broken down into two disciplines. Read our latest news in the Spring 2021 issue of TheKU Economist. >> Our Program includes about 350 undergraduate income, he wrote, making it necessary for society to intervene. This learn this here now addition of one required class will be offset by reducing the number of electives from five us on Facebook (AEAjournals) and Twitter (@AEAjournals). We.annoy define economics as the science that studies wealth, war, crime, education, and any other field economic analysis can be applied to; but, corporations, partnerships and trusts .
Home thermostats show the same pattern when the anticipator fails to dampen swings, but anticipators pose their own risks. For instance, taste receptors in the mouth and stomach initiate insulin release before blood glucose levels change. This blunts glucose peaks, but if artificial sweeteners set off this system, insulin lowers blood glucose in anticipation of a glucose surge that never arrives. A control system with very high gain can cause wild swings of the sort observed in bipolar disorder. Can that also help explain why the system can get stuck at one extreme, usually depression? What trade-offs shaped the gain and damping mechanisms of the mood control system? An initial burst of positive feedback helps to ensure a quick and complete shift of a system from one state to another, like the flip of an electrical switch. Biological on/off control systems are essential, but vulnerable to dysregulation. During childbirth, the hormone oxytocin initiates uterine contractions that release more oxytocin to ensure the process goes through to completion, but at the risk of premature birth.https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2021/10/evolutionary-medicine-needs-engineering-expertise
Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click. Are you an Itawamba Times subscriber? Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click. Are you a Monroe Journal subscriber? Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click. Are you a New Albany Gazette subscriber? Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click. Are you a Pontotoc Progress subscriber? Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click. Are you a Southern Sentinel subscriber? Sign up to view our weekly e-editions each Wednesday with just a click.https://www.djournal.com/sports/professional/boonevilles-gray-climbing-amateur-boxing-ranks/article_d7909fc4-252e-5d7f-912d-3605f1918d60.html | <urn:uuid:e1e669c8-5bad-437b-b862-620d53e27d96> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://xnexar59803l.givaleriks.com/an-in-depth-analysis-of-locating-elements-of-economics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.91879 | 1,117 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Toro began in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1914 by producing engines for the Bull Tractor Company. After branching out into steam engines during World War I, Toro began a focus on golf course and lawn maintenance in the 1920s. In 1986, Toro purchased lawn tractor manufacturer Wheel Horse, acquiring their full line of lawn and garden tractors, plus riding lawn mowers. In the 2000s, Toro focused production on commercial equipment, dropping residential lawn and garden tractors. In 2007, Toro began selling a re-branded line of tractors built by MTD. | <urn:uuid:b7849cb7-c539-4720-b496-3c011e8d4534> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.libertypundits.net/wiki/tractors/toro/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.963931 | 112 | 1.625 | 2 |
Recognizing a Nation of Volunteers
National Volunteer Week April 17-April 23
In 1974 a Presidential Proclamation established National Volunteer Week in the United States as an opportunity to recognize Americans that dedicate their time and energy to causes and organizations they care about deeply. Although officially recognized for nearly 50 years, this country’s history of volunteerism goes back to its very beginning. The first large-scale volunteer effort was the new country’s recruitment of soldiers for the Revolutionary War. As the country grew, so did volunteering and creating organizations devoted to more philanthropic causes. Nonprofit groups such as the United Way and American Red Cross were founded in the 1800s and still are helping people today. With the arrival of Springtime, we celebrate National Volunteer Week from April 17 – April 23. Please take a moment to think about those around you who give up their free time to help others and consider opportunities where you can assist in the future.
The Emergence of Virtual Volunteering
Helping families with cancer, rescuing lost animals, delivering food to those less fortunate are just some of the volunteer activities everyday Americans were helping with when the entire world went into lockdown two years ago. All of those activities did not stop when COVID-19 spread across the globe. Many nonprofit organizations reconfigured their volunteer programs for virtual support or limited the number of volunteers, or temporarily suspended volunteer operations due to safety concerns. The events of 2020 did force organizations to rethink and find new ways to continue their missions to help others. Here to Serve, the nonprofit that helps families on their cancer journey, reenvisioned their delivery model of volunteer services with more safeguards put in place to avoid contact while still supporting cancer families.
The concept of “virtual volunteering” is not new; the term was first used in the mid-1990s by Steve Glikbarg, the co-founder of the organization Impact Online. With Smartphones, laptops, and internet access available to almost everybody, virtual volunteering is easy. Websites such as VolunteerMatch, Taproot, and JustServe, aid in providing a list of volunteer opportunities in your area, helping to eliminate long hours of research. Virtual volunteering offers remote options for providing nonprofit organizations support in accomplishing their missions. Partaking in activities such as fundraising, phone calls, social media, office admin, or copywriting are tasks that a volunteer can perform from the comfort of their home. Virtual volunteering might also mean assembling activity kits for kids in need through such organizations as Project Helping, which will send a Kynd Kit directly to your home. Many of these opportunities also offer flexibility so that you can volunteer around your schedule. 21st technology has helped to reshape volunteering for the better.
Volunteering Helps Everybody
Why do people volunteer? The reasons are numerous. Some people have a personal connection to a cause, and they want to give back. It might also be a great way to make new friends, share or improve your skills, or be helpful with your spare time. Whether the reasons are altruistic or self-serving, volunteering does help all parties involved. Individuals volunteering can receive several positive benefits from giving their time and energy to a cause. Benefits can include positive effects on mental and physical health. A task that helps others offers a sense of purpose, increasing self-esteem and lowering the risk of depression and anxiety. Performing outdoor activities like cleaning up a beach on a warm summer day can provide low or no-cost physical exercise. A 2013 study conducted by Carnegie Mellon University found that “people over the age of 50, who volunteered regularly were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.”
The positive advantages of volunteering are not just for individuals looking for a way to help; nonprofit organizations benefit tremendously from having volunteer staff to assist their causes, especially skilled professionals who are retired. Many nonprofits work on shoestring budgets, so having non-paid volunteers helps these organizations survive and thrive if those volunteers are professionals in their fields. During the National volunteer week, we celebrate the spirit of volunteering. The federal agency Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS) found in 2018 that over 77 million adults volunteered through various organizations. This work equates to nearly 6.9 billion volunteer hours. The Independent Sector, an organization that brings together nonprofits and other foundations, releases an annual calculation of the value of a volunteer’s time based on an hourly rate. In 2021, the rate was over $28 per hour. That equals over $193 billion that nonprofits benefit from by having volunteer support. These staggering figures and statistics show the value and importance of volunteers.
Volunteering at Here To Serve this National Volunteer week
Here To Serve is a nonprofit organization founded by Katie and Silvio Quintas in 2011. They offer practical support through their cancer-journey program. Here to Serve’s mission is to lift the burdens of families with children impacted by cancer. Volunteers are critical to their success and help assist families through complex cancer journeys. If you are visiting our website and would like to help families in need, please take a moment to view our current volunteer opportunities. Any practical help and professional experience you can offer will help cancer-impacted families so that parents can devote their attention to their children.
By Chris Smith
About the Author
Chris Smith is a Here to Serve volunteer from the San Francisco Bay area who himself is a cancer survivor. He uses his professional experience as a technical writer to give back and provide clear and meaningful information for families with a child battling cancer.
All information on this blog is for informational and educational purposes only. Always consult a medical provider in your particular area of need before making significant changes in your medical decisions or lifestyle. | <urn:uuid:a1f482e4-0d00-4d46-95d8-a432b98bc06e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://heretoserve.org/blog/recognizing-a-nation-of-volunteers-national-volunteer-week-april-17-april-23/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.959593 | 1,163 | 2.484375 | 2 |
The Variety of Tax Returns for Business
Our staff at Ledger Rite prepares:
– Corporate tax returns
– Partnership tax returns
– Non-profit Corporate tax returns
Corporate tax returns can be either forms 1120 or 1120-S.
Form 1120 is for Corporations that are stand alone for tax purposes, a regular corporation with stock holder(s). The main advantage to the regular corporate structure is if the officer/owners of the corporation would be in a higher tax bracket if profit was distributed to their personal return(s). In other words, salaries can be adjusted to receive the best tax scenario for the Company and the stock holder/owner(s).
The 1120-S form is for Corporations that have been approved for the S-election. Instead of the Corp. being taxed on its own, the profit or loss is distributed to the shareholder(s). The company issues K-1 forms to the shareholder(s), who then take the profit or loss to their personal returns. This is often a good tax position for smaller companies where the shareholder(s) would be at a lesser tax bracket than the Corporate tax rate.
An active officer/shareholder is expected by the I.R.S. to take reasonable compensation in the form of a salary from the Corporation (to be liable for payroll taxes) and can be distributed any profit up to the amount of salary taken. The advantage to the shareholder is that the distribution is taxable as gross income, but not subject to Social Security or other payroll taxes. An added advantage is that unless profit and salary to any one officer/shareholder is more than $350,000.00, a Michigan business tax return does not need to be filed.
Partnership Tax Return
A partnership tax return is filed on Form 1065. Many small businesses end up in this position because of how the LLC was formed with the State of Michigan. An LLC is not a recognized entity with the Internal Revenue Service, so the result is that if one person signs the paperwork it is considered a Schedule C (business schedule) on the signer’s personal tax return and if more than one person signs the paperwork, it is automatically considered a partnership by the I.R.S. The disadvantage to the partners is that all salary and profit are taxed as gross income and Social Security wages.
Non-profit Corporation Tax Return
A non-profit corporation is required to file an annual 990 tax return. It is a totally different tax format, and although there is no inherent tax liability, penalties can be assessed for late or non-filing of a return.
If you have questions about what format of tax return is best for your firm, please contact us to schedule an appointment for your first consultation. | <urn:uuid:a3fcb13d-04ad-4c21-9f74-837b97925fe3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ledgerrite.com/2019/11/363/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.948543 | 564 | 1.882813 | 2 |
You can’t simply wait for things to get better and for your life to become less stressful. What you should do is find ways to help your mind and your body both cope with the pressure.
One of the ways to handle your well being is to use a free spell for well being. Not only are you going to attract positive energy into your life, but you will also begin to change the way you feel about problems you might be facing.
Your mind and your body are interconnected. When one is stressed, the other will be too.
Instead of simply changing the situation, you could seek to change your mindset with a spell for well being. This will allow you to approach any situation with a clear head and a clear heart. You will be able to make the best decisions for yourself, while also helping to see opportunities where you once saw obstacles.
Your mind and your body deserve a spell for well being as it will provide that boost to your health, right when you need it.
Click here to learn more about Potency Levels | <urn:uuid:da204040-b906-4130-aee7-d315a1d1bc63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wiccanbrew.com/product/well-being-spell/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.956667 | 216 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The exponential increase in data traffic is becoming unsustainable. At the present pace, information technologies will soon be responsible for more than 10% of global electricity consumption. Photonics – the technology that uses light to carry information – can come to the rescue, by providing low-energy, high-speed data transmission throughout the internet and within data centers. Additionally, photonics can enable novel applications of light in sensing and computing, with large potential impact on healthcare, agro-food and smart mobility. However, these promises can only be realized if increasingly complex photonic chips can be produced at a low cost. Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) performs fundamental and applied research aimed at making this dream come true. We talked to three key employees about their work in photonic integration: Professor Martijn Heck, Assistant Professor Ripalta (Patty) Stabile, and PhD candidate Marc Spiegelberg.
What first attracted you to the field of integrated photonics?
Martijn: As a child, I was fascinated by lasers for obvious (sci-fi) reasons. During my studies in applied physics, I got a taste of their real-world application. This was during the internet boom in the 90s, which included optical fiber communications. Now, the main attraction for me is the balance between concrete real-world applications, such as enabling our current internet, and the potential for these cool and explorative applications in fields—like future all-optical and quantum computing.
Marc: I also like that balancing act between fundamental and applied research. I initially chose applied physics because it is broad and enables specialization at a later stage. During my studies, I learned about the importance of photonics and saw how fast the field is growing.
And what attracted you to integrated photonics at TU/e? Why does TU/e stand out in this field?
Patty: TU/e has been at the forefront of photonic integration technology worldwide for years and still is.
Martijn: Right. I think what really makes TU/e special too is its location in Eindhoven, one of the global high-tech hotspots. Eindhoven has always had a strong tradition of linking industrial and academic research. So TU/e is positioned very well, literally and figuratively, to make our research relevant.
Working at such a renowned institution must afford you all some unique research opportunities. What research projects are you currently working on?
Patty: I am working on brain-inspired optical computing. My short-term goal is to apply our state-of-the-art photonic integrated matrices to optical computing by designing a brain-inspired architecture, based on the integration of electronics and photonics. I want to surpass the operational speeds of processors at a much lower power consumption.
Marc: My work concentrates on the integration of photonic and electronic integrated circuits on wafer level, creating high speed, energy efficient modules for data and telecommunication. The classic approach is limited by inefficient electrical interconnects or costly packaging approaches, but my process eliminates these and offers improved co-design and scalability.
Exciting work! What have been your biggest achievements on these projects in the past year?
Patty: My colleagues and I have recently demonstrated an optical neural network that, despite a limited number of neurons and layers, can already achieve extremely high data calculation rates. We have already reached eight billion operations per second!
Marc: My biggest research achievement of the last year was the successful demonstration of our 3D-integration of photonic and electronic circuits on wafer level. It was the result of a collaboration between Berenschot, Effect Photonics, Fraunhofer HHI, IBM Research, IMinds, Smart Photonics, TU/e IC group and TU/e PhI group within the European Project WIPE.
And what TU/e resources were essential in helping you reach these milestones?
Marc: The vision and trust of my supervisor was key to achieving my research goals. He believed my judgment that our cleanroom was missing a key tool. He invested in a new wafer alignment and bonding tool which enabled my work.
Patty: For me, I would be remiss not to say a few words about the world-class NanoLab@TU/e cleanroom which plays a fundamental role in enabling our cutting-edge technology research.
Marc: Agreed. And our cleanroom technicians are another important resource too. As I was a newbie in the cleanroom, I benefited from the advice and training of our cleanroom team who have collected several PhD generations of valuable knowledge.
Let's talk a little bit more about your experience as an employee at the university. What do you enjoy the most about working at TU/e?
Patty: Optimism, collaboration and dedication to society are central to working at TU/e. There is also special attention on social interaction and work flexibility that comes from unconditional and reciprocal trust.
Marc: It's true, the collaboration within the university is impressive. It permeates all the different groups and institutes.
So does that mean you would recommend TU/e to other academics looking for a research position?
Martijn: Of course I would recommend TU/e! There is a whole spectrum of opportunities available here to match your interests. It's perfect for young researchers whose interests will evolve. The university’s location in Eindhoven allows them to interact with industry and gives them opportunities to pursue a non-academic job after their PhD or postdoc if they wish.
Patty: It's a yes from me too. TU/e has been at the forefront of photonic chips worldwide for years and still is. TU/e publications have high citation scores and the university’s cutting-edge research regularly wins prestigious grants. Our university has also been ranked number one by Times Higher Education Ranking for collaboration with industry and we have the highest number of part-time professors from industry in the Netherlands. You can find plenty of opportunities here.Continue reading | <urn:uuid:26d81316-8061-4237-a877-ae7e39e9cc49> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://academicstories.com/story/inspiring-ideas/light-the-essential-ingredient-for-future-technology?utm_source=Academic%20Positions&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=jobad-sidebar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.950658 | 1,256 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Putting on SPF sunscreen once a may not be enough
It is the second day of your vacation on the beach and you notice a tenderness on your skin. Hot and painful, there is one thing this can mean. You are sunburned. You put on sunscreen but forgot to reapply it.
This can happen to the best and most diligent people. Forgetting to reapply sunscreen can be a problem. This can lead to a more uncomfortable skin rash. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and having five or more sunburns can double your risk.
Using sunscreen and well as putting on sun-safe clothing, is the best way to reduce the risk of sunburn and skin cancer. Sunscreen that has at least SPF 15 used every day can reduce your risk of developing cancerous cells. Risks for squamous cell carcinoma are reduced approximately 40% and melanoma 50%. Outdoors, you should apply at least SPF 30.
Putting on sunscreen once is important, and dermatologists advise to reapply it again and make it a habit.
Sunscreen works, but how?
Two types of sunscreen work differently through either physical or chemical blockers. Mineral-type sunscreens have ingredients such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. These sit as a physical barrier on the skin that prevents the ultraviolet rays from penetrating the skin. Chemical sunscreen absorbs the UV rays before they harm your skin and have Ingredients such as avobenzone and octisalate to do their job against the harmful UV rays. Less likely to be a cause of skin irritation are the physical sunscreens, but according to the Skin Cancer Foundation, both types are safe and effective.
A way to understand how sunscreen works are to think of it like a cup. Heather Woolery-Lloyd, M.D. is a board-certified dermatologist and director of Ethnic Skin Care at the University of Miami Department of Dermatology uses the comparison to a cup that gets filled by the sun’s rays. The cup will get full after a few hours. At this point, it can’t absorb more rays or continue to protect your skin. According to Dr. Woolery-Lloyd, “Reapplying sunscreen is like putting out a fresh cup to absorb the sun’s rays, rather than letting it get into your skin.”
How often should sunscreen be reapplied?
Depending on your activities for the day, you may need to reapply sunscreen more often. Swimming and sweat can reduce the time you would be protected from the sun’s rays. Dr. Woolery-Lloyd says to be protected from harmful rays all day, you would need to reapply every two hours.
Be liberal and slather it on. Don’t be afraid to apply enough sunblock during the first application. If people do not apply enough sunscreen, they aren’t getting the level of protection that is being stated on the label. Leslie Baumann, M.D. is a board-certified dermatologist, researcher, and founder of Baumann Cosmetic Dermatology. She notes that “This makes the sunscreen less effective, causing it to lose its ability to protect the skin.”
Is it safe to skip using sunscreen when it is cloudy outside or feels cold? Even on a cloudy day, ultraviolet light including the UVB rays that damage your skin is still there. The UVB may be less present, but Dr. Baumann says UVA rays remain strong and cause more skin damage. During activities in cold weather such as skiing, or on rainy days, you still need to wear sunscreen.
When should sunblock be applied more frequently?
A general rule of thumb, reapply sunblock every two hours to remain protected from the sun’s harmful rays.
As a general rule, reapplying sunscreen every two hours will protect you from the sun’s harmful rays. But there are a few situations where you may want to reapply more often: There are situations where you might want to reapply the sunscreen more often:
When you are in a vehicle driving or as a passenger
Drivers and passengers have a good chance of being in direct sunlight. Dr. Woolery-Lloyd says “People underestimate how much sun exposure they get when they’re in the car.” and tells her patients to be extra careful during long commutes and to stick with the rule of applying every two hours.
When you are swimming or when water may wash it away
Even the water-resistant sunscreens still should be reapplied every two hours. Also, each time using a towel, you should then reapply sunscreen. When the water is wiped away from your skin, so also is your sunscreen and protection.
When you are near a window
Windows allow for the sun’s rays to reach you, whether they are open or closed. Just because you are indoors, it does not make you safe from the sun’s rays. Dr. Woolery-Lloydmakes note that “If your office has a window, you can bet that you’re actually getting quite a bit of sun.” If you are sitting by a window for a long period of time, once again follow the rule of reapplying every two hours or more.
How to remember to reapply sunscreen
There are things you can do to help remember using sunscreen and not forget when it’s time to reapply. Because it is easy to forget, work on adding it to a routine and get it in your daily habits. Dr. Baumann suggests to “Apply sunscreen in the morning after you brush your teeth, then apply it again before you go to lunch or anytime you are headed outside.” Also, do not forget important areas such as the ears, front and back of the neck, chest, and the top of your hands.
Find a sunscreen formula that you love and you will be more likely to remember it. If it is a sunscreen that you love, perhaps one especially for the face, it will become part of your daily routine. For the face, there are sunscreens for use with makeup. Powder sunscreens can easily be reapplied over. Also, tinted sunscreens offer a lighter coverage, and moisturizers with SPF if you prefer to go bare-faced.
Apps on your phone can also remind you to use and reapply sunscreen. Two examples are QSun and My Skin Track UV. Dr. Woolery-Lloyd says “These apps are great for not only tracking how much sun exposure you’re getting but also for telling you when you need to reapply sunscreen. These apps can help you have a fun and safe day in the sun. | <urn:uuid:198950a1-525d-419f-b399-79b7768c49b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://laserlicious.ca/products/how-often-reapplying-sunscreen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.951738 | 1,405 | 2.859375 | 3 |
- Utility sector stocks were hit hard last week, with the Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLU) dropping approximately 17% amid broader market declines related to the spread of COVID-19 and its economic impacts.
- While the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average began falling about a month ago and at one point had shed roughly 30% of their value, utility stocks maintained their value longer before beginning to fall in earnest in early March.
- Utilities are typically seen as a "defensive" sector and tend to hold their value in downturns, according to Ian Bezek, an associate analyst for Value Investor's Edge. But once the full extent of the novel coronavirus became apparent, share prices of electric companies began to plummet. Observers are mixed on their outlook for a potential recovery.
Experts say utility customers are unlikely to see any impact from falling share prices, but rather there are operational and regulatory issues now impacting the stock values.
"There will be pressure on overall electricity demand, particularly if lockdowns run for more than two weeks," Bezek told Utility Dive in an email. "Government orders to delay collecting on past-due bills could hurt cash flow, and potentially lead to dividend freezes or cuts."
Bezek also warned that lower interest rates and a potential recession could lead regulators to reduce utilities' return on equity (ROE) going forward.
"Utility stocks held up much longer than the overall market," Bezek said. "Over the past week or two, it's become clear that this is a full-blown recession/bear market, not just a correction. Investors have responded by selling even their safest assets, such as utilities, food and beverage stocks, and gold in order to get much-needed cash."
The difference between S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average drops and the utility sector's decline "was investors holding hope beyond hope their [dividend] income and yield level would give their share prices some support," according to George Fisher, founder of Guiding Mast Investments. "That obviously didn't happen."
And with interest rates slashed by the Federal Reserve "it may be difficult for utilities to recapture their higher ROE when when the tide turns," said Fisher. "That's where regulatory lag will especially hurt utilities."
S&P Global Ratings, in a March 19 report, said the majority of North American regulated utilities "are well positioned to handle the immediate impact of COVID-19." But some electric utilities with "disproportionate" exposure to commercial and industrial demand could be vulnerable to reduced sales volumes.
"The pandemic could negatively affect a few outliers and those issuers already facing downside ratings pressure prior to the arrival of the coronavirus," S&P said. Large-scale projects could face delays, and if the pandemic impacts are lengthy it "may constrain some utilities' ability to execute on planned equity issuance or weaken access to the capital markets."
While S&P expects an annualized contraction of about 6% in the U.S. economy in the second quarter, the firm is also anticipating a second-half recovery.
Bezek noted that some utility stocks are faring better than others. Utilities with credit ratings of A- or better at S&P are significantly outperforming those at BBB+ or lower, he said.
"Many of the biggest losers, such as DTE Energy, MDU Resources, OGE Energy, and CenterPoint are all among the lower-rated firms," Bezek said. "In bear markets, investors tend to buy companies with stronger balance sheets, and shun those that are weaker."
Markets rallied broadly Tuesday on hopes for a coronavirus stimulus, which the U.S. Senate delivered early Wednesday morning, reaching agreement on a $2 trillion package.
DTE was down about 40% in the last month, before yesterday's rally. MDU had fallen by 50% at one point last week. OGE is off about 40% from month-ago levels. CenterPoint is down about 40% now, but had also been down as much as 50%.
Bezek said CenterPoint in particular is struggling because it owns a large stake in Enable Midstream Partners, whose stock price has fallen from $14 to $2 over the last year. "Any utility that has additional complexity, such as CenterPoint with its pipeline business causes further investor nervousness," he said.
On CenterPoint, Fisher said investors fear "that a decrease in profitability of the midstream sector will affect the utility. Because of that, regulators have been cutting the ROE for CenterPoint, creating some financial stress."
Bezek suggests there "could be a swift recovery for utility stocks," once investors sense losses have bottomed out and begin moving back into traditionally safe stocks with strong dividends.
"I expect many people to buy utility shares as they currently offer their highest dividend yields in years," Bezek said. "I expect large utilities with strong credit ratings such as Consolidated Edison and Xcel Energy to find a bottom and start recovering the fastest."
Consolidated Edison had maintained its value through the market rout, but on Monday closed around $65/share down from around $90 in the prior week. Xcel Energy hit $50/share on Monday, down from $70 in early March.
Fisher pointed to a utility's regulatory environment as the key to its stock price recovery. In particular, he noted the Southeast is favorable and expects Southern Company, NextEra Energy, Dominion Energy and Duke, to fare well in recovery.
Southern is off its March highs by more than 25%. NextEra traded around $280/share in early March, but was down to around $180/share on Monday. Dominion had shed 30% of its share price before yesterday's rally. Duke is down about 30% relative to March highs.
"Companies operating in states with better regulatory environments ... are really the stocks that are the cream of the crop," said Fisher. | <urn:uuid:2be87d36-564d-4478-a523-a16909520663> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.utilitydive.com/news/defensive-utility-stocks-hit-hard-amid-covid-19-fears-xcel-coned-among/574774/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.974223 | 1,237 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Strategic actions to reimagine the finance department in line with the overarching business strategy are referred to as “finance transformation.”
Similarly, What is meant by finance transformation?
A group of services known as “Finance Transformation” enable finance leaders examine their financial strategy and vision and plan and execute changes to their financial structure, procedures, and systems to increase the value of finance as a whole.
Also, it is asked, What does a finance transformation consultant do?
A finance transformation consultant aids in the (re)definition and implementation of a company’s financial goals, systems, and procedures. Excellent analytical and communication abilities, experience, and an interest in financial operations are all qualities of a competent finance transformation consultant.
Secondly, What is finance transformation Deloitte?
Almost every area of the finance organization and the company are involved in the transformation of finance. From vision and strategy to organization and people, and from business processes to supporting technology, it necessitates integrated capabilities.
Also, Why is financial transformation needed?
The function becomes more efficient and generates more corporate value thanks to financial transformation. The final consequence can only be profitable expansion as finance contributes more to strategy and development.
People also ask, How do you do financial transformations?
7 Foundational Elements for Financial Transformation For scalability in transaction processing and budgeting, integrate your ERP and EPM systems. Reduce the amount of time you spend using spreadsheets for financial planning and reporting. Make the yearly budgeting process easier.
Related Questions and Answers
What does KPMG finance Transformation do?
To assist you in creating a finance vision plan and target operating model, a business opportunity case, and a roadmap for your transformation, KPMG’s financial transformation experts draw on their expertise, resources, and sector experience.
What is digital finance transformation?
How does digital finance transformation work? It uses cutting-edge technology and the digital environment as part of a comprehensive approach to financial management. Improved efficiency are only a few advantages that financial transformation may bring about if done well. decreased mistakes
What does transformation mean in business?
Making substantial changes to the way a corporation or organization operates is referred to as “business transformation.” Personnel, procedures, and technology are all included in this. Organizations that undergo these changes are better able to compete, become more efficient, or completely change their strategic direction.
What are the finance functions?
Investment decisions, financial decisions, dividend decisions, and liquidity decisions are all financial functions.
What is modern finance?
The capital asset pricing model (CAPM), the efficient market hypothesis (EMH), the Modigliani-Miller theorems (M&M), and the Black-Scholes-Merton method to option pricing together form the theoretically unified theoretical core of modern finance.
Why is digital transformation important in finance?
Digital financial disruption Business operations have benefited from digital transformation. It has created prospects for more rapid, economical operations, compliance with legal requirements, enhanced customer and staff satisfaction, and continued competitiveness.
What is a finance target operating model?
The “Blueprint for Finance” is known as the Target Operating Model, or TOM. Simply said, it is the design for your house, which represents your financial situation. The design of TOM is essential to our tried-and-true methodologies at Finance Transformation UK for effectively starting a Finance Transformation program.
Does KPMG do consulting?
You may find and overcome the obstacles to your development and advancement with the aid of KPMG’s management consulting experts. Until we have produced the outcomes that are important to you, we will work side by side with you as collaborators.
Does KPMG have a finance department?
The financial industry has to change. The increasing agenda and expanded duties of the CFO are supported by KPMG’s Finance Transformation practice. By concentrating on important issues including strategic decision support, effective operations, strategic development, and governance, we can help you make your financial operations stronger.
What services do KPMG provide?
Services A pulse. presenting a global perspective. An international perspective on the problems affecting business operations and strategy. Analytics and data for audits. enhancing the value of audit and assurance. enhancing the value of audit and assurance.
What is the difference between digital finance and FinTech?
With innovative, technology-driven goods and services, fintech competes against conventional financial banking practices and established organizations. On the other side, digital banking refers to typical banking services, tasks, or goods that are supplied via internet platforms, software, and mobile devices.
What are the types of business transformation?
Below is a list of the six different kinds of business transformations. Transformation of the organization. Transformation in management. a change in culture. Electronic transformation Transformation of information systems. Business process transformation. Strategy. Develop leadership.
What is a transformation approach?
A leadership style known as transformational leadership affects both social systems and individual behavior. In its optimal state, it brings about significant and constructive change in the followers with the ultimate objective of transforming followers into leaders.
How AI will transform the future of finance?
Investment banks may no longer have such a competitive edge as linked gadgets and easily accessible market data are expected to level the playing field of financial information. By making choices based on predictive analytics, AI will also reduce investment risk and, therefore, return on investment.
What are the three main approaches to finance?
The methods are as follows: 1. Traditional View 2. The Present 3. Profitability and liquidity.
What are the 3 types of financial management decisions?
Financial managers must make the following three decisions: Investment Decision. Finances and decision. Dividend Choice
What are the main functions of modern finance manager?
The following is a discussion of the duties of a financial manager: Calculating the Required Capital Amount: Capital structure determination Selection of Funding Sources: Getting the Money: Investment of Funds: Dealing with Profits or Surplus Cash Management: Financial Management:
What are key areas of digital transformation in financial services?
5 Trends Changing Financial Services’ Digital Transformation + Guide Customer experiences are improved through artificial intelligence and machine learning. The use of mobile banking is growing. Digital innovation is enabled by big data. New business opportunities are produced by cloud banking. Banking Processes Are Simplified by Robotic Process Automation (RPA).
What is operating model transformation?
A future-ready operating model transformation based on five interconnected design components is needed to support both short-term and long-term value in the face of market disruptions and shifting consumer preferences. These components include dynamic ecosystems, digital DNA, talent flexibility, innovation platform, and enduring purpose.
Why is Accenture not big 4?
However, you are quite correct that Accenture is not regarded as one of the Big Four accounting companies since its expertise is in advice rather than accounting. Even more of a quibble: Accenture was not a subsidiary of Arthur Andersen.
Who are the big 4 in consulting?
They are Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), and Deloitte, Ernst & Young (EY), and (KPMG). The Big Four also provide tax, strategy and management consulting, valuation, market research, assurance, and legal advising services in addition to auditing.
“What Is Finance Transformation?,” is a question that has been asked many times. The answer to the question is “consulting.”
This Video Should Help:
Finance transformation is the process of changing a company’s focus from traditional finance to new business models and technologies. A few examples include fintech, digital banking, and blockchain. Finance transformation has been seen as an important part of the global economy. Reference: finance transformation pwc.
- finance transformation examples
- finance transformation roadmap
- finance transformation mckinsey
- finance transformation role
- finance transformation ey | <urn:uuid:8003bcf1-1688-4e06-82c2-ed4b844adfd7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dregold.net/what-is-finance-transformation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.918848 | 1,652 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Edith Wharton’s supernatural tales are, on the whole, overlooked by the general reading public in favour of her many acclaimed novels such as The Age of Innocence. For me, however, it is her ghost stories brought together in this volume that cried out to be read, my appetite for her prose having been whetted some years ago by her most famous exercise in the genre – Afterward. Whereas the latter is frequently cited as being the most accomplished of her ghost stories, having read this volume there are a handful of others that I would rate almost as highly, including The Duchess at Prayer, Mr Jones, and Pomegranate Seed.
Stylistically, Wharton’s literary excursions into the supernatural share certain commonalities with the two Jamesian masters of the ghost story genre – Henry and M.R. – being both restrained and suggestive in their approach, and often playing upon an ambiguity of interpretation rather than trading in overt and visceral horror. Although the ghost story might commonly be regarded as a sub-genre of ‘horror’, it tends, in the capable hands of its greatest exponents, to be something more subtle, and it is the sense of the uncanny in these tales, rather than any sense of visceral revulsion, that predominates.
Her prose is often sumptuous and beguilingly evocative, whether describing the gardens and interior of a Tuscan ducal villa, or the air of lassitude hanging over a crumbling Crusader castle in the Levant, with the settings of her tales often mirroring her favourite personal haunts. Thus we not only encounter narratives that unfold in her native New York and New England (Pomegranate Seed, Bewitched), but also in old England (Afterward, Mr Jones), Brittany (Kerfol, Miss Mary Pask), Italy (The Duchess at Prayer, The Eyes) and further afield (A Bottle of Perrier). Like Wharton herself, who sadly endured almost three decades of unsatisfying marriage, many of the female protagonists that we meet in these pages find themselves, and their happiness, constrained by less-than-ideal domestic circumstances. We see this sentiment expressing itself most powerfully in her gothic masterpiece in miniature, The Duchess at Prayer, which contains the sort of deliciously horrific twist that Roald Dahl would have given his eye teeth for.
In her early life she read and absorbed the classics, history, philosophy and poetry, and read relatively little fiction, and her writing is as a consequence imbued with a powerful intelligence. The best of Edith Wharton’s ghost stories rank alongside the very best in the genre, and her deft and subtle approach, relying upon the careful delineation of the uncanny and the skilful sculpting of atmospherics in a perfectly realistic setting, makes for a deeply satisfying, albeit often unsettling, read. If your taste should incline in this direction, then I would not hesitate in recommending this very reasonably priced volume to you published in paperback by Wordsworth Press.
You may also find the Breton-set ghost story The Bread Oven of interest. | <urn:uuid:3c3980cd-e8bb-494c-824e-03afe988b30c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.hebulstrode.co.uk/?p=967 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.955997 | 641 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Board Induction Course
Many Student Experience Network Members are governed by or facilitate Student Boards.
Effective Board Induction is critical to ensuring a well-functioning board and establishing an effectual governance culture within an organisation.
The SEN Board Induction Course is available free of charge to current Financial Members of SEN who can Register for access here.
Existing users can login here.
Non-fee paying Members and external parties may be eligible to access the course for a cost, please contact us for more details.
The SEN Student Board Induction Course addresses the principles and underlying foundations that are critical to the induction of any Australian board director – including student board directors. The course takes place across the following four modules which each include slides, activities, a quiz and a certificate for completion:
- Module 1
Corporate Governance & the Role of the Board
- Module 2
Rights, Duties & Responsibilities of Directors
- Module 3
Fundamentals of Board Reporting
- Module 4
Boards that Add Value
This course was written by Martin Grey from Jeito Pty Ltd. Martin is an International Board specialist with more than 15 years of experience specialising in board governance, board reviews, workshops and published articles.
Martin Gray is available for board reviews, training, strategy workshops and more – +61 2 9965 3732. | <urn:uuid:a9f829fd-56ea-4c5d-895b-ce8a87a59281> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studentexperiencenetwork.com.au/events-initiatives/1987-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.907658 | 279 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Rotation of a map in Georeferencer
Published May 25, 2016
Some of the historical maps are unfortunately not north-oriented. To turn the map while georeferencing will save time and help to find the depicted places.
In the new user interface, it is possible to rotate the map while holding Alt+Shift.
The rotation is also automatically calculated after you assign first two ground control points on a map!
This feature will make the georeferencing easier and more convenient for the users. The rotation feature is now developed, applied in the Cynefin pilot project (http://cynefin.archiveswales.org.uk/), and it is going to be a part of the next generation of Georeferencer service.
Following short movie shows the rotation feature: | <urn:uuid:cb261d9f-cf62-42f9-9a0d-0cd13d0b4162> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://maptiler.jp/news/2016/05/rotation-of-map-in-georeferencer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.892767 | 169 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Here at Nihongo Master, we loooove talking about Japanese holidays! While some holidays Japan adopted from the West (like Christmas and Valentine’s Day), every country also has holidays that are only celebrated by them. Golden Week in Japan ゴールデンウィーク (gōruden wīku) is not just one holiday, but FOUR holidays that align each year to provide a week of vacation for everyone! Hooray! Golden week is the third busiest travel season in Japan, after New Year and Obon.
Since we’re actually right in the middle of Golden Week in Japan right now, let’s talk about the four holidays that make up this wonderful time of year!
Golden Week in Japan Holidays
April 29th – Shōwa Day – 昭和の日 (Shōwa no Hi)
May 3rd – Constitution Memorial Day – 憲法記念日 (Kenpō Kinenbi)
May 4th – Greenery Day – みどりの日 (Midori no Hi)
May 5th – Children’s Day – こどもの日 (Kodomo no Hi)
Let’s start with the first holiday, 昭和の日. Shōwa Day is a holiday to commemorate the birthday of the Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito). He ruled Japan from 1926 through his death in 1989. While the celebration of the emperor’s birthday used to be an occasion to honor him, since his death it has become a time of reflection on the 63 years of his reign. Many believe these years were a turbulent, and often dark, time for Japan.
In America, we celebrate the 4th of July because it was the day the Declaration of Independence was approved by the Continental Congress. In other words, it marked the day of American Independence. So what do you think 憲法記念日 celebrates in Japan? Well of course, it commemorates the adoption of their constitution after World War II in 1947. Constitution Memorial Day in Japan is also a day to think about democracy and Japanese history. So far it seems like these holidays make you do a lot of thinking! Of course most people just enjoy the time they have off work.
みどりの日 used to be celebrated on Emperor Shōwa’s birthday, because he loved nature and plants so much. After his death, his birthday became its own holiday and Greenery Day got moved to May 4th. While Greenery Day is meant to be a day to appreciate plants and communicate with nature, you can bet most people just see it as an extra day in their spring vacation!
While the celebration surrounding Children’s Day has been practiced since ancient times, the holiday itself wasn’t made official until 1948. こどもの日 is a day to celebrate children’s personalities and their happiness, and also to express gratitude towards mothers. Originally, the holiday was called 端午の節句 (Tango no Sekku) and was focused only on celebrating boys. Of course now Japan is more modern and celebrates all children!
On こどもの日, families will often hang a flag of carp with a carp for the mother, the father, and one for each child. The carp are hung on Children’s Day because of a Chinese legend where a carp swimming upstream can become a dragon!
While ゴールデンウィーク offers a lot of different reasons to celebrate, the main reason is because it is often the longest vacation you will have all year! Many businesses will close down for 10 whole days since opening and closing between all the holidays is too much work! Also, the fact that Golden Week occurs in the first week of May means that the weather is almost perfect in Japan! Spring has already sprung but stifling and humid Japanese summer has yet to arrive.
Just remember, if you visit Japan during Golden Week you might find a lot of businesses closed, but the tourist attractions, transportation, and accommodations may be fully booked up! Plan accordingly! | <urn:uuid:a9dee841-9bda-45fd-8434-c7be296ffa56> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.nihongomaster.com/golden-week-japan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.960511 | 917 | 3.109375 | 3 |
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Bruce Lee, whose real name was Lee Jun-Fan (1940 - 1973), was a great martial arts expert, famous actor and philosopher.
Bruce Lee was born in Chinatown (San Francisco), but grew up in Hong Kong, where he began training in Chinese martial arts with his father, such as Taichí and then Wing Chun, with the master Ip Man. , appeared in movies playing children and later teenagers. At 18, Bruce returned to the United States, where he began his philosophy studies at the University of Washington, reaching the doctorate in this area.
During his short but active life, he appeared in numerous films, contributing to the change in the way Americans perceived Asians, and became the last representative of martial arts, as well as an icon of the film.
Unfortunately, he died very young, at the age of 33 due to cerebral edema that seems to have been the result of an adverse reaction to a medication.
Today we wanted to collect for you these beautiful phrases about life, love, personal development and self awareness.
Inspirational quotes from Bruce Lee
I am not in this world to live up to your expectations and you are not in this world to live up to mine.
A goal is not always meant to be achieved, it often serves simply as something to aim for.
The meaning of life is that it must be lived and not sold or conceptualized by system patterns.
Having no path as a path, having no limitation as a limitation.
If you don't want to make a mistake tomorrow, talk to the truth today.
Notice that the stiffer tree is the one that most easily breaks, while bamboo or willow survive by bowing in the wind.
Errors are always forgivable, if one has the courage to admit them.
As you think, so you will become.
If you want to learn to swim, jump into the water. In dry land, no mental state will help you.
The bad temper will make you look like a fool sooner or later.
Things live moving and gain strength as they do.
If you spend too much time thinking about one thing, you will never get it done. Make at least one clear movement daily towards your goal.
If there is a God, he is within us. God is not asked to give you things, you depend on God for your inner theme.
Research your own experiences, to get to understand what works for you.
Because it is easy to criticize and tear down the spirit of others, but knowing oneself takes a lifetime.
To test my cup of water you must first empty yours.
It is not the daily increase, but the daily decrease. Set aside the non-essential.
Choose the positive. You have a choice, you own your attitude, choose the positive, the constructive. Optimism is a faith that leads to success.
A good teacher protects his students from his own influence.
Man, the living creature, the individual creature, is always more important than any established style or system.
If you believe that one thing is impossible, you will only make it impossible
Stillness in stillness is not true stillness. Only when there is stillness in the movement is the universal rhythm manifested.
To spend time is to spend it in a specified way. To waste time is to spend it carelessly. We all have time to spend or lose and it is our decision what to do with it. But once past, it's gone forever.
Life is never a stalemate. It is constant movement, non-rhythmic movement, like us as constant change. Things live moving and gaining strength as they go.
It's not what you give, it's the way you give it.
Bragging is the idea that the fool has of glory.
Don't worry about what's right or wrong or what's better or worse. Don't be for or against.
All fixed assembly patterns are incapable of adaptability or flexibility. The truth is out of all fixed patterns.
Empty your cup so it can be filled; Stay with nothing to win the whole.
Obey the principles without being bound by them.
If you love life, don't waste your time, life is made of time.
Simplicity is the key to brilliance.
To know oneself is to study in action with another person.
The reality is evident when we stop comparing. It is what it is only when there is no comparison, and living is what it is, it is being peaceful.
Tactics are the brain work of combat.
Love is like friendship set on fire. At first a flame, very pretty, often hot and fierce, but still only light and flickering. As love ages, our hearts mature and our love becomes coals, burning and inextinguishable.
Man, the living creature, the creative individual, is always more important than any established style or system.
Be aware of yourself, instead of a repetitive robot.
Fear comes from uncertainty; We can eliminate the fear within us when we know each other better. As the great Sun Tzu said: When you meet yourself and your opponent, you will win every time. When you know yourself, but not your opponent, you will win one and lose one. However, when you do not know yourself or your opponent, you will be in danger at all times.
What you usually think largely determines what you will ultimately be.
Time means a lot to me because, as you see, I am also a beginner and I am often lost in the joy of development.
If you love life, don't waste time, because time is what makes up life.
The moment is freedom. I could not live on a rigid schedule. I try to live freely from one moment to another, letting things happen and adapt to them
Knowledge will give you power, but respect gives you character.
After all, any knowledge simply means self-knowledge.
The consciousness of the self is the biggest obstacle to the correct execution of all physical action.
Life itself is your teacher, and you are in a state of constant learning.
The big mistake is to anticipate the outcome of the match. You should not think if it ends in victory or defeat. Let nature take its course, and your tools will strike at the right time.
A good martial artist does not get tense, but ready. He doesn't think, but he doesn't dream either. Ready for what may come. When the opponent expands, I contract; and when he contracts I expand. And when the opportunity is given, "I" don't hit, "it" hits on its own.
The spirit of the individual is determined by his dominant thinking habits.
Many people dedicate their lives to updating a concept of what they should be, instead of updating themselves. This difference between self-update and self-image update is very important. Most people live only by their image.
I am learning to understand instead of judging or being judged immediately. I cannot blindly follow the crowd and accept their approach. I will not allow myself to enter the usual manipulative role-playing game. Fortunately for me, my self-knowledge has transcended that and I have come to understand that life is better to be lived and not to be conceptualized. I am happy because I am growing daily and I honestly do not know where the limit is. To be sure, there may be a revelation or a new discovery every day. I treasure the memory of past misfortunes. He has added more to my fortress bank.
Always be yourself, express yourself, have faith in yourself, don't go out and look for a successful personality to duplicate it.
To really live is to live for others.
Do not settle in a way, adapt it and build your own, and let it grow, be like water. Empty your mind, be amorphous, moldable, like water. If you put water in a cup it becomes the cup. If you put water in a bottle it becomes the bottle. If you put it in a teapot it becomes the teapot.
Art demands complete mastery of techniques, developed by reflection within the soul.
Adapt what is useful, reject what is useless and add what is specifically yours.
A wise man can learn more from a silly question than a fool can learn from a wise answer.
To hell with the circumstances; I create opportunities.
Do not fear failure. What is a crime is not failure, but having a low objective. In great attempts it is glorious to even fail.
Knowing is not enough, we must apply our knowledge. It is not enough to want, you have to do it.
If you always put limits on what you can do, physical or anything else, it will extend for the rest of your life. It will spread in your work, in your morality, in your whole being. There are no limits. There are plateaus, but you must not stay there, you must go further. If it kills you, it kills you. A man must constantly exceed his level.
At the center of the difficulties lies the opportunity.
The second artist blindly follows his sensei or sifu and blindly accepts his employer. As a result, his action is and, more importantly, his thinking becomes mechanical. Your responses become automatic, according to established patterns, making it narrow and limited.
The knowledge and skills you have achieved are destined to be forgotten so that they can float comfortably in a vacuum, without obstruction.
Like a cobra, your blow must feel before it is seen.
Those who doubted said: The man cannot fly, the makers said: Maybe, but let's try, and it finally rose in the morning glow while the unbelievers watched from below.
The key to immortality is to live primarily a life worth remembering.
I do not fear the man who has practiced 10,000 kicks once, but I fear the man who has practiced a kick 10,000 times.
Art is the path to the absolute and to the essence of human life. The aim of art is not the unilateral promotion of spirit, soul and senses, but the opening of all human capacities - thought, feeling, will - to the rhythm of life in the world of nature. Thus the voice will be heard without a voice and the self will be in harmony with it.
I am not teaching you anything, I only help you to know yourself. | <urn:uuid:ccfd6857-db4c-4c73-b809-5296f5883f92> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://za.vita-aidelos.com/1715-70-bruce-lee-phrases-about-life-and-personal-awarene.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966127 | 2,177 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Employers and caregiver agencies expect caregivers to have certification in CPR and basic lifesaving skills (BLS). Certification and licensing requirements vary by state, with many states mandating an eight to 10-hour caregiver course followed by an exam. Some employers prefer applicants with health care experience.
How much should you pay someone to sit with the elderly?
The rates are often calculated on a daily basis with allowances given for the time the caregiver takes off for their breaks and rests. Typically, the daily rate for most home care agencies ranges from $200 to about $350 per day.
What do I need to be a private caregiver?
The qualifications needed to start working as an independent contractor caregiver include certification, a high school diploma or GED certificate, and general housework skills. If you provide transportation, you need a valid driver’s license and a clean driving record.
How do you become a private companion?
There is no college degree required to become an elderly companion, but you will need a high school diploma or equivalent. Most companies require you to participate in a training program, while others may offer on-the-job training. In addition to job training, CPR certification is recommended.
How do I become an elderly companion?
To become an elderly companion caregiver, you first need a high school diploma or equivalent. Though some jobs require completion of a caregiver training program, some elderly companion caregiver jobs just require a high school diploma and provide on the job training.
Does Medicare cover sitters for elderly?
According to the Center for Medicare Advocacy, Medicare will pay for up to 35 hours a week of home-based care — provided by nursing and home health aids — to people who are housebound and for whom such care is prescribed as medically necessary by their doctor or another authorized caregiver.
What are the three levels of caregiving?
Typically, there are three levels of caregiver certification that we have termed – high, medium and low.
How do you get a caregiver license?
How To Get Caregiver Certification
- Find a caregiver training program approved by your state health department. Many states offer caregiver resource centers that can help you find a reputable course.
- Complete a caregiver training program.
- Pass the certification exam.
How do I get paid to be a companion?
Where Can I Find Work And Get Paid For Companionship?
- Rent A Friend.
- Fiverr Friendship.
- Rent A Cyber Friend.
- PenPal World.
What do companion caregivers do?
Companion Caregiver Job Description: Companion Caregivers help provide emotional support, caregiver assistance, light housekeeping, and companionship to help senior and elderly adults function independently in their own home environments.
What is a companion aide?
JOB SUMMARY: An individual who is competent to perform assigned functions of non-medical care to the client in their residence.
What does an elderly sitter do?
As an elderly sitter, your duties are to provide companionship and non-medical care to senior citizens. You assist your clients with their everyday activities and errands, such as grocery shopping, cooking, cleaning, and traveling to appointments or leisure activities.
What is the difference between a companion and a caregiver?
Personal caregivers are required to have formal training, unlike companion caregivers. Services that personal caregivers perform may include all of those that a companion caregiver performs plus: Providing hands-on care by assisting with bathing, dressing and skin, mouth, and hair care.
What is a senior sitter?
An elderly companion or senior sitter is a non-medical caregiver that can be there whenever and wherever clients need them whether that be full-time, part-time, 24/7. | <urn:uuid:614ac32a-3d1a-4670-8524-25fe75fa062b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://elrenosacredheart.com/elderly/quick-answer-how-to-become-a-private-elderly-sitter.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.930643 | 794 | 1.851563 | 2 |
- About Us
Arctic Live, the three-part series, explored the planet’s last undiscovered wilderness and was shown on BBC Two in November 2016.
From the edge of the Canadian Arctic, Kate Humble, Simon Reeve and Gordon Buchanan were live on the shores of Hudson Bay to discover what life was really like on top of the world.
Award-winning wildlife cameraman Gordon (The Polar Bear Family and Me) discovered what it was like to live in Churchill, a town where the world’s largest living land carnivore is right on your doorstep. The production team was live on the tundra to bring viewers the very latest from the bears.
Timeline was thrilled to be providing facilities for Arctic Live, including flyaway production facilities, radio cameras and presentation facilities on two huge, 4WD Tundra Buggies that acted as mobile camera platforms. One carried the presentation team, while the other was used to track some of the remote Arctic wildlife action.
All the camera feeds from the buggies were IP wireless linked, using the latest H265 technology, over 20km back to the main site in Churchill, where Timeline was providing production facilities. In addition, COFDM links carried camera video feeds over the same path. The main production gallery was equipped with Timeline’s matrix, vision control, video server and control of remote switching on the buggy over the RF data link. Timeline also provided the satellite uplink for the live broadcasts to BBC viewers in the UK.
Timeline specialises in the latest RF technology, allowing production teams the freedom to ‘broadcast anywhere’. Our areas of expertise include using wireless cameras on motorcycles, boats, helicopters and aircraft to cover a range of sporting, arts, entertainment and natural history events, including the Great Run series, Glastonbury and the Louis Vuitton America’s Cup. | <urn:uuid:e659c05c-dd39-4c29-861e-87526dd2d8c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.timeline.tv/projects/arctic-live/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.938758 | 411 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Developing a strong brand is essential for any business, whether it’s a startup or an established company. A well-defined brand helps to create a consistent and recognizable experience for customers, making it easier for them to connect with your business. It can also help to differentiate your company from its competitors, which can be especially important in crowded markets.
When it comes to maintaining a consistent visual identity across all of your marketing materials, having a style guide and brand guide is essential. While the two documents serve different purposes, they work together to create a unified representation of your company. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the purpose of each type of guides and provide examples of how they can be used to strengthen your branding strategy.
1. What is a Style Guide?
A website style guide documents the look and feel of a website. This document describes things like typography, colors, layout, and how to use images on the website. It can also include specific instructions for different types of pages on the site (such as the homepage, landing pages, or product pages). Having a style guide ensures that all pages on the website have a consistent look and feel, which makes the website appear more professional and polished.
2. What is a Brand Guide?
A brand guide is a key document that can help you to develop and manage your brand. It typically contains information on your company’s logo. A well-defined and consistent brand can help you attract new customers, improve communication with your existing customer base, and differentiate your company from the competition. Creating a brand guide can help make sure that all your marketing materials are on-brand and consistent, from your website to your social media posts to your sales collateral.
3. The purpose of Style Guide vs Brand Guide
The purpose of a Style Guide
A style guide is a document that outlines the specific rules and guidelines for how a company should present their content in a particular format. It typically includes the company logo, typography, photography, images, iconography and color palette. They are often used by designers, developers, content writers, and marketers. The goal of the style guide is to provide a set of guidelines that can be followed by everyone on the team in order to create content with a consistent design.
Depending on the type of company you work for, your style guide will be different from one another. If you are working in an agency or digital marketing agency then your style guide will be more about design and graphic design principles. If you work in an eCommerce or retail store then your style guide will be more focused on coding HTML and CSS.
It is recommended to have a style guide, so that you can effectively change how your entire website look by just changing the formatting on the style guide.
- Heading 1: Helvetica Bold, 72px, Black
- Heading 2: Helvetica Bold, 32px, Grey
- Body: Helvetica Regular, 16px, Grey
- Primary Color: Black, #272419
- Accent Color: Yellow, #fcc201
- Button Call to Action: Book a Strategy Call
- Image: Rounded corner, 10px, white smoke
The purpose of Brand Guide
The brand guidelines template is a document that helps brands to establish their visual identity. It includes the company logo, color palette, fonts and more.
A brand guide is a document that explains the values and characteristics of a brand. It provides an overview of the company’s goals, mission, target audience and more.
A brand guide can be used for many purposes. For example, it can be used as a marketing tool to help people understand your company’s values and how they are applied in your product or service. Or it can also be used as a reference for employees when they need to know about your company’s history or culture.
Brand books are also known as visual brand guidelines or corporate brand guides. They contain information on how an organization should present itself in terms of design and content.
- Logo type: primary, secondary, black & white, usage (should/should not do)
- Typography: primary typeface, secondary typeface
- Color palette: branded color (primary, secondary, accent)
- Image usage: photography, illustration, characteristic
- Brand statements: tagline, trueline, mission, vision, values, tone, ideal target audience
- Applications: business cards, product mockups, etc
The style guide is a collection of rules that all copywriters are expected to follow. It is an important part of the copywriting process because it helps you to deliver content in a way that is consistent with your brand. The brand guide, on the other hand, provides information about what type of content you should produce and what your customer wants from you.
For every website that we build, we always ask our clients for a brand guide. The brand guide helps us understand their businesses and goals. Based on the provided brand guideline, we can prepare a strategy suitable for your business prior to any web design and development conversation. With the brand guideline, we can create a style guide to assist our web development process. We always have a style guide on every Webflow project that we develop to keep the branding consistent throughout the website. The bigger the website, you will appreciate the existence of a style guide as it will be the most effective time-saver. | <urn:uuid:4ba497e9-2e7f-44eb-9561-7036f67b60c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.socialectric.com/post/brand-guide-vs-style-guide-whats-the-difference | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.911951 | 1,126 | 1.9375 | 2 |
This book looks at how the ideas of freedom, property, and order are expressed in modern social contract theories (SCTs). Drawing on the theories of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Rawls, it studies how notions of freedom promulgated by these SCTs invariably legitimise and defend the private ownership of the means of production. It argues that capitalism’s impact on individual dependence and economic inequality still stems from this model, ultimately working in favour of proprietors.
The author highlights the problematic nature of SCTs, which work as ideological mechanisms put forward under the guise of formal equality and formal freedom, by focusing on the historical and social context behind them. From a methodological point of view, the author presents a de-ideologization of the contractarian issue and provides insight into the political ‘layers’ within the discourse of individualism, human nature and morality shaping the outer corners of contractarian theory.
An important intervention in the study of SCTs, this volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of political and social theory, sociology, political history, and political philosophy.
Table of Contents
1. The conceptual framework of private property and its relation with freedom and order
2. A critical evaulation of the main elements of contractarian approach
3. The relation between private property, freedom and order in pioneers of the modern social contract theories: Hobbes and Locke
4. Eighteenth-Century France and Rousseauian formulation of private property, freedom and order
5. Revitalization of social contract theory in terms of the relation between private property, freedom and order: the case of John Rawls
Mehmet Kanatli is Lecturer at the Department of Political Science and Public Administration at Hitit University, Turkey. He received his MA from the Political Theory programme at Manchester University, UK and his PhD from the Department of Political Science and Public Administration at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. He is interested in a wide range of social science disciplines from international relations to political theory, with a specialization in theories of democracies, political ideologies, and political thought. | <urn:uuid:0d2e218e-1129-4b82-bec2-219f4e2c7ec1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.routledge.com/Private-Property-Freedom-and-Order-Social-Contract-Theories-from-Hobbes/Kanatli/p/book/9780367747428 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.917433 | 453 | 1.828125 | 2 |
If you’ve let your guard down–or even if you haven’t–it can be hard to tell if your PC is infected. Here’s what to do if you suspect the worst.
Heard this one before? You must run antivirus software and keep it up to date or else your PC will get infected, you’ll lose all your data, and you’ll incur the wrath of every e-mail buddy you unknowingly infect because of your carelessness.
You know they’re right. Yet for one reason or another, you’re not running antivirus software, or you are but it’s not up to date. Maybe you turned off your virus scanner because it conflicted with another program. Maybe you got tired of upgrading after you bought Norton Antivirus 2001, 2002, and 2003. Or maybe your annual subscription of virus definitions recently expired, and you’ve put off renewing.
It happens. It’s nothing to be ashamed of. But chances are, either you’re infected right now, as we speak, or you will be very soon.
For a few days in late January, the Netsky.p worm was infecting about 2,500 PCs a day. Meanwhile the MySQL bot infected approximately 100 systems a minute (albeit not necessarily desktop PCs). As David Perry, global director of education for security software provider Trend Micro, puts it, “an unprotected [Windows] computer will become owned by a bot within 14 minutes.”
Today’s viruses, worms, and so-called bots–which turn your PC into a zombie that does the hacker’s bidding (such as mass-mailing spam)–aren’t going to announce their presence. Real viruses aren’t like the ones in Hollywood movies that melt down whole networks in seconds and destroy alien spacecraft. They operate in the background, quietly altering data, stealing private operations, or using your PC for their own illegal ends. This makes them hard to spot if you’re not well protected.
Is Your PC “Owned?”
I should start by saying that not every system oddity is due to a virus, worm, or bot. Is your system slowing down? Is your hard drive filling up rapidly? Are programs crashing without warning? These symptoms are more likely caused by Windows, or badly written legitimate programs, rather than malware. After all, people who write malware want to hide their program’s presence. People who write commercial software put icons all over your desktop. Who’s going to work harder to go unnoticed?
Other indicators that may, in fact, indicate that there’s nothing that you need to worry about, include:
* An automated e-mail telling you that you’re sending out infected mail. E-mail viruses and worms typically come from faked addresses.
* A frantic note from a friend saying they’ve been infected, and therefore so have you. This is likely a hoax. It’s especially suspicious if the note tells you the virus can’t be detected but you can get rid of it by deleting one simple file. Don’t be fooled–and don’t delete that file.
I’m not saying that you should ignore such warnings. Copy the subject line or a snippet from the body of the e-mail and plug it into your favorite search engine to see if other people have received the same note. A security site may have already pegged it as a hoax.
Sniffing Out an Infection
There are signs that indicate that your PC is actually infected. A lot of network activity coming from your system (when you’re not actually using Internet) can be a good indicator that something is amiss. A good software firewall, such as ZoneAlarm, will ask your permission before letting anything leave your PC, and will give you enough information to help you judge if the outgoing data is legitimate. By the way, the firewall that comes with Windows, even the improved version in XP Service Pack 2, lacks this capability.
To put a network status light in your system tray, follow these steps: In Windows XP, choose Start, Control Panel, Network Connections, right-click the network connection you want to monitor, choose Properties, check “Show icon in notification area when connected,” and click OK.
If you’re interested in being a PC detective, you can sniff around further for malware. By hitting Ctrl-Alt-Delete in Windows, you’ll bring up the Task Manager, which will show you the various processes your system is running. Most, if not all, are legit, but if you see a file name that looks suspicious, type it into a search engine and find out what it is.
Want another place to look? In Windows XP, click Start, Run, type “services.msc” in the box, and press Enter. You’ll see detailed descriptions of the services Windows is running. Something look weird? Check with your search engine.
Finally, you can do more detective work by selecting Start, Run, and typing “msconfig” in the box. With this tool you not only see the services running, but also the programs that your system is launching at startup. Again, check for anything weird.
If any of these tools won’t run–or if your security software won’t run–that in itself is a good sign your computer is infected. Some viruses intentionally disable such programs as a way to protect themselves.
What to Do Next
Once you’re fairly sure your system is infected, don’t panic. There are steps you can take to assess the damage, depending on your current level of protection.
* If you don’t have any antivirus software on your system (shame on you), or if the software has stopped working, stay online and go for a free scan at one of several Web sites. There’s McAfee FreeScan, Symantec Security Check, and Trend Micro’s HouseCall. If one doesn’t find anything, try two. In fact, running a free online virus scan is a good way to double-check the work of your own local antivirus program. When you’re done, buy or download a real antivirus program.
* If you have antivirus software, but it isn’t active, get offline, unplug wires– whatever it takes to stop your computer from communicating via the Internet. Then, promptly perform a scan with the installed software.
* If nothing seems to be working, do more research on the Web. There are several online virus libraries where you can find out about known viruses. These sites often provide instructions for removing viruses–if manual removal is possible–or a free removal tool if it isn’t. Check out GriSOFT’s Virus Encyclopedia, Eset’s Virus Descriptions, McAffee’s Virus Glossary, Symantec’s Virus Encyclopedia, or Trend Micro’s Virus Encyclopedia.
A Microgram of Prevention
Assuming your system is now clean, you need to make sure it stays that way. Preventing a breach of your computer’s security is far more effective than cleaning up the mess afterwards. Start with a good security program, such Trend Micro’s PC-Cillin, which you can buy for $50.
Don’t want to shell out any money? You can cobble together security through free downloads, such as AVG Anti-Virus Free Edition, ZoneAlarm (a personal firewall), and Ad-Aware SE (an antispyware tool).
Just make sure you keep all security software up to date. The bad guys constantly try out new ways to fool security programs. Any security tool without regular, easy (if not automatic) updates isn’t worth your money or your time.
Speaking of updating, the same goes for Windows. Use Windows Update (it’s right there on your Start Menu) to make sure you’re getting all of the high priority updates. If you run Windows XP, make sure to get the Service Pack 2 update. To find out if you already have it, right-click My Computer, and select Properties. Under the General tab, under System, it should say “Service Pack 2.”
Here are a few more pointers for a virus-free life:
* Be careful with e-mail. Set your e-mail software security settings to high. Don’t open messages with generic-sounding subjects that don’t apply specifically to you from people you don’t know. Don’t open an attachment unless you’re expecting it.
* If you have broadband Internet access, such as DSL or cable, get a router, even if you only have one PC. A router adds an extra layer of protection because your PC is not connecting directly with the Internet.
* Check your Internet ports. These doorways between your computer and the Internet can be open, in which case your PC is very vulnerable; closed, but still somewhat vulnerable; or stealthed (or hidden), which is safest. Visit Gibson Research’s Web site and run the free ShieldsUP test to see your ports’ status. If some ports show up as closed–or worse yet, open–check your router’s documentation to find out how to hide them. | <urn:uuid:e92633d0-7ddd-4954-a780-f88127d17313> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mymcafeeactivation.com/caught-a-virus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.911348 | 1,976 | 2.5 | 2 |
Along Massachusetts highways, local farmers offer an alternative to the Golden Arches.
Massachusetts beekeeper Mark Lamoureux should be a staple at his local farmers' market. His 600 colonies of honeybees produce 20,000 pounds of raw honey in his Palmer, Massachusetts hives each year—an unprocessed, sustainable alternative to the pasteurized honey squeezed into your average grocery shelf plastic bear. But most of his state's farmers' markets are “right in the town square, where you see the same people over and over,” says Lamoureux, 63. "Customers keep coming back to buy more strawberries, more corn. They come to me and say, 'Your honey is great! I don’t need any more yet!'”
So five years ago, Lamoureux began hawking his honey on the side of the road. Now, he estimates that he sells seven out of every ten jars to customers he's never seen before. Lamoureux's roadside outpost, which lies on the route from Boston to Worcester, comes courtesy of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation. For ten years, MassDOT has offered up free space for farmers at rest stops along the state’s highways. On summer weekends starting in May, the program offers fresh, local foods to weary travelers and a new platform for in-state products. “We can’t sneak bananas out here,” says Ashley Larzazs, a rep from West Brookfield's Honey Bee Orchards who has sold local fruits on the turnpike for three years. All in all, her produce travels only 50 miles from the tree; Lamoureux' honey makes a similar trip from hive to highway.
The highway rest stop's dismal fast food offerings can be a boon for local farms. “People are looking for something different from McDonalds,” Larzazs says. What travelers can't find just off the turnpike is a local, sustainable product that truly rivals the Golden Arches menu. MassDOT prohibits vendors from selling products that “compete with the businesses that operate within the service plazas.” At Framingham Plaza, where Larzazs and Lamoureux set up shop, that demand is pretty easy to satisfy: Just stay away from sustainable hamburgers or locally-produced donuts (Honey Dew Donuts also has an outpost at the stop). Vendors are, however, permitted to sell less high-profile products that might compete with your regular gas station fare: Larzazs, 22, offered up locally baked cookies alongside her early-season strawberries and jams.
But most Massachusetts farmers are not taking to the streets. This year, the state expanded the farmers' market program from 11 rest stops to 18. As of April, though, only five of those stops had managed to court vendors. And the Framingham Plaza market's June offerings probably won’t succeed in keeping hungry travelers out of the nearby McDonald’s. The early season honey, preservatives, and $4.50-a-pint strawberries are fine for stocking the fridge, but they don’t exactly make for a convenient lunch for the road. Later in the season, reinforcements will arrive: squash, blueberries, dog biscuits, corn, pumpkins, pies, apples.
For now, Framingham's fast food giant still gets more customers than the local stands. But setting up shop along the highway has given the farmers access to an entirely new market.
Photos by Matthew Beck | <urn:uuid:3b527c56-daa4-4814-be11-d473d19dca6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.good.is/articles/can-highway-farmers-markets-beat-rest-stop-food | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.941673 | 732 | 2.03125 | 2 |
| Applications of biotechnology to traditional fermented foods |
|III. Milk derivatives|
Fermentation is the oldest means of preserving milk (1). Originally, unpasteurized milk was left to ferment naturally, and fermentation involved microorganisms present in the raw milk and surrounding air. With the development of modern technologies, specific lactic-acid-producing microorganisms are now introduced to carry out fermentations under controlled conditions. In this way fermented products of superior nutritional, physical, chemical, and sanitary qualities are produced.
In Zimbabwe one finds the modern fermented products such as yogurt and different types of cheese. The rural population, however, still ferment their milk traditionally. Fresh unpasteurized cow's milk is allowed to stand, at ambient temperature, in an earthenware pot loosely covered by a plate. This allows microorganisms inherent in the milk, from the pot, and from the surrounding air to ferment the milk. Fermentation takes 1 to 2 days depending on the ambient temperature (20 to 25°C). The fermented milk is not refrigerated and has an estimated shelf life of 3 days at ambient temperature.
In response to the urban population's desire for fermented milk, the Zimbabwe Dairy Marketing Board produces a fermented milk called Lacto on an industrial scale. Milk is standardized, pasteurized at 92°C for 20 minutes, cooled to 22°C, and inoculated with 1.2 percent of an imported mesophilic starter culture, similar to that used to produce "filmjolk," a Scandinavian fermented milk. The milk is immediately packaged into sachets, left to ferment at ambient temperature for 18 hours, and stored at 5°C ready for the market. The shelf life of refrigerated Lacto is 7 days.
Our studies have compared traditionally fermented milk with Lacto. We included traditionally fermented pasteurized milk, since substitution of unpasteurized with pasteurized milk might be an alternative for upgrading hygienic standards. The initial study was concerned with the effects of pasteurization and of the container used during fermentation on the total microbial cell counts, the counts of lactic acid bacteria, the amount of lactic acid produced, and the acceptability of the fermented milk by a panel (2).
We have characterized 10 predominant lactic acid bacterial isolates from traditionally fermented milk and four isolates from Lacto (3). We have also carried out studies to determine the fate of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia cold during fermentation of Lacto and traditionally fermented pasteurized and unpasteurized milk. The survival of E. cold was also tracked during storage of the fermented products at ambient (20°C) and refrigeration temperatures (5°C) for 4 days (4), since it is possible that pathogenic bacteria may gain access to these products before, during, and after fermentation. In the case of traditionally fermented milk, coliform contamination from cattle dung or from the milker's hands is possible. Contamination with coliforms during Lacto production can occur through bulk starter cultures and from inadequately sanitized equipment.
TRADITIONALLY FERMENTED MILK AND LACTO
In an earlier study (2) unpasteurized milk and pasteurized milk were fermented in clean nonsterile earthenware pots and sterile glass containers. At the same time, Lacto was fermented in plastic sachets and sterile glass containers. Bacterial counts and lactic acid levels were determined. The acceptability of the fermented milks was ranked by 11 panelists. Comparisons of all parameters were made after 24 and 48 hours of fermentation, when Lacto and traditionally fermented milk are likely to be consumed.
The numbers of lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid production, and acceptability were always higher for unpasteurized than pasteurized traditionally fermented milk irrespective of the container used.
Earthenware pots are better containers for traditional fermentation of milk. This is because earthenware pots have micropores in their walls, which, if not sterilized, may harbor lactic acid bacteria from the previous fermentation, which then act as inocula for the next fermentation. Our results suggest that earthenware pots are good containers to ferment milk in and may still have a place in milk fermentation in the home.
Unpasteurized milk fermented traditionally in either container was significantly more acceptable to the panel than Lacto, although the products were similar in all the other parameters assessed. It was therefore impossible to explain the differences in the acceptability of traditionally fermented milk and Lacto on the basis of this work. We suggested that the differences were probably due to the types of microorganisms involved in the fermentation of the two milk products rather than pasteurization or the container used for fermentation. Thus, we set out to isolate and characterize the lactic acid bacteria in traditionally fermented milk and Lacto.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
From the previous study (3), 10 predominant morphologically different lactic acid bacteria colony types from plates inoculated with traditionally fermented milk and four morphologically different types of colonies from Lacto plates were selected and isolated into pure culture. The isolates were identified using numerical taxonomic techniques and reference strains. The isolates and reference strains were examined for 32 characteristics. Data were analyzed using the simple matching coefficient, and clustering was by unweighted pair group average linkage (5).
All the isolates from traditionally fermented milk belonged to the genus Lactobacillus. Seven of the isolates could be identified as belonging to L. helveticus, L. plantarum, L. delbrueckii subspecies lactis (two isolates), L. cased subsp. cased (two isolates) and L. cased subsp. pseudoplantarum. Three of the isolates could only be identified as either betabacteria or streptobacteria. The four isolates from Lacto were identified as Lactococcus lactis. They could not, however, be identified to subspecies level.
From this study we concluded that the differences in acceptability of traditionally fermented milk and Lacto are probably due to differences in the biochemical pathways and resulting types and levels of end products produced by the different bacteria responsible for fermentation of the two products. We suggested that more work should be done to determine the particular flavors and aroma present in traditionally fermented milk that are absent in Lacto and to determine whether any of our isolates are responsible for producing these desired properties.
E. COLI STRAINS IN LACTO AND TRADITIONALLY FERMENTED MILK
In another study (4) the growth and survival of pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of E. cold were determined in traditionally fermented pasteurized and unpasteurized milk and Lacto. Unpasteurized and pasteurized milk and freshly inoculated Lacto, together with sterile control milk, were each inoculated with two strains of pathogenic and one strain of nonpathogenic E. cold to give approximately 103 cells/ milliliter. All the milk treatments were left to ferment at ambient temperature (20°C) for 24 hours. One set of the fermented products was stored at ambient temperature, and the other set was refrigerated (5°C) for another 96 hours. Samples were taken at 24-hour intervals and tested for numbers of E. coli, pH, and percentage of lactic acid.
Lacto inhibited all three E. cold strains. Two strains (one pathogenic and one nonpathogenic) could not be recovered, and the third (pathogenic) survived only in very low numbers after 24 hours of storage of Lacto at both 20° and 5°C.
All three E. cold strains survived and multiplied to maximum cell numbers in the range 107 to 109/milliliter during traditional fermentation of unpasteurized milk. Cell numbers decreased to 103 to 10e6 and 10e2 to 10e5 during storage of the fermented product at 20° and 5°C, respectively. These results indicated that traditional methods of fermenting milk in Zimbabwe pose a potential health hazard because, if milk is contaminated during milking or fermentation, E. coli, and possibly other enteric pathogens, are able to multiply to infective doses and retain relatively high numbers during storage of the product at both refrigeration and ambient temperatures. The results also indicated that more than acid production alone is involved in the fate of E. cold during fermentation and storage of Lacto and traditionally fermented unpasteurized milk since more E. cold survived in unpasteurized fermented milk despite similar final lactic acid and pH levels of both milk products. We suggested that, since in our earlier studies we found that different lactic acid bacteria were responsible for fermentation of the two milk products, it is likely that these organisms produce different types and quantities of other inhibitory products (antibiotics, volatile acids, hydrogen peroxide) during fermentation.
Higher maximum numbers, 109 to 10'° of the three strains of E. coli, were attained during traditional fermentation of pasteurized milk. The numbers decreased to 10e5 to 10e3 and 10e4 to 10e7 during storage of the fermented product at 20° and 5°C, respectively. Under our experimental conditions there appeared to be more danger in traditionally fermenting pasteurized milk than unpasteurized milk; since less acid was produced, more E. cold multiplied and survived during fermentation and during storage of the pasteurized fermented milk. The practical relevance of this result should be interpreted with caution, since pasteurization also removes milk-borne organisms such as E. cold and Salmonella spp. and since it is unlikely that airborne recontamination of the milk by E. cold would result in initial numbers as high as 103 cells/milliliter. Thus, use of pasteurized milk in practice may not be as inappropriate as it might appear in theory.
Generally, fewer E. cold survived when the fermented milk products were stored at refrigeration than at ambient temperature. However, most people in rural areas of Zimbabwe do not have access to refrigerators.
We are currently determining the amounts of some B vitamins and of aroma and flavor compounds in traditionally fermented unpasteurized milk and Lacto. Preliminary results indicate that traditionally fermented milk contains more thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, and folic acid than Lacto. Again, traditionally fermented unpasteurized mill: is performing better than Lacto.
From the work we have done so far there are two options to follow in our future studies. We know that traditionally fermented milk has similar amounts of lactic acid and a pH level similar to that of Lacto and that it might also have higher amounts of some B vitamins; however, it is not hygienically acceptable. We know some of the lactic acid strains involved in the fermentation, but we also know that in a situation where raw milk is used and fermentation is carried out under conditions where asepsis is not observed, other microorganisms, in addition to lactic acid bacteria, contribute to the production of aroma and flavor compounds. Supposing we were to develop a starter culture based mainly on members of the genus Lactobacilllus, it is debatable whether we would have the same organoleptic properties in a traditionally fermented pasteurized milk as found in traditionally fermented unpasteurized milk. If we developed and sold this starter culture for home use in fermentation of boiled milk, it is also unlikely that poor rural people would adopt such a fermentation since it has an added cost when compared with traditional fermentation.
Alternatively, we could incorporate some isolates from traditionally fermented milk into the Lacto starter culture and see whether the organoleptic properties of Lacto can be improved. Such a product would have to taste much better than traditionally fermented unpasteurized milk so as to entice rural populations to abandon traditional fermentation and adopt Lacto. Educational programs would have to be instituted for the public to appreciate the wisdom of spending money on buying Lacto, a hygienically safer product. At present, it is unlikely that Lacto will replace traditionally fermented milk in the foreseeable future.
1. Robinson, R. K., and A. Y. Tamime. 1981. Microbiology of fermented milks. Pp. 245-278 in: Dairy Microbiology, Vol. 2. R. K. Robinson, (Ed.). London: Applied Science Publishers.
2. Feresu, S., and M. I. Muzondo. 1989. Factors affecting the development of two fermented milk products in Zimbabwe. MIRCEN Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 5:349-355.
3. Feresu, S., and M. I. Muzondo. 1990. Identification of some lactic acid bacteria from two Zimbabwean fermented milk products. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 6: 178-186.
4. Feresu, S., and H. Nyati. 1990. Fate of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia cold strains in two fermented milk products. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69:814-821.
5. Sneath, P. H. A., and R. R. Sokal.1973. Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classifications. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, pp. 228-234. | <urn:uuid:4847cdd3-cfc5-47d3-829c-04ab2fc73373> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0hdl--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0-0-11----0-0-&a=d&c=hdl&cl=CL1.1&d=HASH8403ef70002be1ecf3acbb.5.5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.943523 | 2,785 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Exploring the world. French Polynesia. 1, Tahiti / executive producers, Jake and Mieke de Boer, John Hamilton ; directed by Jakob de Boer ; produced by Brenda de Boer ; hosts, Joel Haslam, Leanne Cusack
- Additional Titles:
- Derry, NH : Chip Taylor Communications, 2013.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (23 minutes)
- Additional Creators:
- Boer, Jakob E. de, Boer, Brenda de, DeBoer, Jake, DeBoer, Mieke, Haslam, Joel, Cusack, Leanne, and Chip Taylor Communications
- Language Note:
- In English.
- Just mention French Polynesia and the first place that comes to mind is usually Tahiti; it is the largest and the most populated of French Polynesia's Society Islands. This south Pacific paradise is only 28 miles wide, but its highest point, Mount Orohena, is 7,352 feet above sea level. The rich soils of the volcanic mountains here support lush vegetation and one of the best ways to take in the sites is with a 4 x 4, as we do here, into the jungle-like interior to enjoy many natural beauties, including cascading waterfalls and magnificent pools that provide a striking contrast to the black sand beaches and turquoise lagoons that surround the island. Tahiti's population is approximately 180,000 people and the largest city and capital is Papeete, which is located on the northwest coast; this part of the island is known as Tahiti Nui or "Big Tahiti"; the smaller and more remote section, which is connected by the Taravao Isthmus, is called Tahiti Iti or "Small Tahiti." As you'll discover, Tahiti, no matter how you say it, is a place that no one who visits ever forgets.
- Digital File Characteristics:
- data file
- Title from resource description page (viewed February 01, 2016).
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The school system is finding ways to address student absences
ROCKINGHAM – Staff at Richmond County Schools continue to find ways to fully engage students and participate in the classroom after last year’s sharp increase in absences resulting from the disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Last year, student attendance and absenteeism were issues that came to the fore in the virtual environment. Middle and high school students did not resume in-person learning until late spring 2021.
From August 2020 to March 2021, 10,439 letters were sent to families of K-12 students alerting them that their student had reached 3, 5, and finally 10 unexcused absences. Each time a student reached these numbers of unexcused absences, a corresponding C-3, C-5, and C-10 letter was sent home.
Broken down by grade level, high school students in Richmond County received a total of 3,900 C-3, C-5, and/or C-10 letters. College students received just over 2,500 letters; primary school students received approximately 3,900 letters.
Three months into this school year, the RCS has sent out 1,377 letters, which is an improvement over 2020 statistics, but still trails the rate of student absenteeism before the pandemic. From August 2019 to March 2020, a total of 800 letters were sent through RCS.
The majority of letters sent home are C-3, which is the first offence. The letters C-3 represent 865 of the total number of 1,377 this year. C-5s represent another 378 letters and C-10s 134. Currently, a breakdown of this year’s letter by rank is not available.
Dr Wendy Jordan, director of student services, said the letters sent home last year were filled with an “abundance of grace and mercy”. The letters contained advice for parents on how to remove barriers that prevent students from learning, such as access to the Internet or a computer.
In accordance with the law, the RCS is required to report a student with 10 absences to the director of social services and the magistrate. Social workers can start taking legal action from 10 unjustified absences. For primary school pupils, an unjustified absence applies to an entire day. For middle and high school students, an unexcused absence qualifies for any of their daily course blocks.
“The families were given a year’s reprieve to file a lawsuit, but we still have the same stacks of documents,” Jordan told the Daily Journal in May. “Chronically absent students – if this remains an issue for the 2021-22 school year, we are going to court and will have this year’s documentation to take with us.”
Social workers, as well as teachers, counselors or administrators, may conduct a home visit to check if a student is not showing up for school. Jordan clarified that with the C-10 letter, many social workers prefer to hand-deliver them.
“It gives them the opportunity to have a conversation with the parents to say ‘Yeah, look [you’re student] missed a lot of school,” Jordan said. “It’s not our goal to bring people to court. Our goal is to try to get students to school on time to maximize their learning. »
Social workers worked on plans with the families to make school attendance a priority.
Last summer, all school districts in North Carolina were required to offer a summer school program for at-risk K-12 students through House Bill 82, which was signed into law. by Governor Roy Cooper. At-risk determination is based on student grades and attendance
Jordan said social workers developed action plans with families that coincided with the summer program opportunity. The summer school focused on revising missed content from the school year, while also serving as credit recovery.
However, for chronic student absenteeism, Jordan said that in the future, parents will be taken to court and have to explain why their students are not in school. Jordan recalled her years of experience as a director and said that for many of these situations it is a “historic problem” that occurred before the pandemic, but that the events of the last year have exacerbated the problem.
Jennifer O’Donnell, a social worker at East Rockingham Elementary School, said she monitors daily attendance at her school. She also looks at a student’s past attendance to identify any trends.
At three unjustified absences, Powerschool, the school’s technological software, automatically generates the C-3 letter which is sent home. O’Donnell said she asks for a parent’s signature for final confirmation, as well as to make sure her contact details are always readily available.
“If absences increase or there are academic or behavioral issues, there may be a meeting … regarding the student’s needs,” O’Donnell said. “Communication is the most important thing. We will work with students and parents, but there is nothing we can do if there is no line of communication. All aspects of the school system are available and working together to meet the needs of students and families.
Approach the problem
“It’s important before you send your child back to school, if they’ve been expelled for a COVID-related reason, to make sure that when their child returns to school, they have the proper paperwork,” Jordan said. .
This allows an unexcused absence to turn into an excused absence in Powerschool. If a student had to be quarantined for symptoms related to COVID-19, this is another time students can return to school with the necessary paperwork to ensure their absence is not counted from incorrect way. It must be returned within five days of the absence.
When a child misses a day or two, Jordan said it’s common for the teacher to call and follow up with a parent.
Jordan said that this year the students are really benefiting from being physically present in class. She added that while many students are still acclimating to returning to class, opportunities for social-emotional learning and being able to support a student’s well-being have been easier to access.
To support the Richmond County Daily Journal, subscribe at https://www.yourdailyjournal.com/subscribe or 910-817-3111.
Contact Matthew Sasser at 910-817-2671 or [email protected] | <urn:uuid:be5266d0-8dc3-4971-9c8a-ae2076716e82> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jenningsk12.net/the-school-system-is-finding-ways-to-address-student-absences | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.968613 | 1,358 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Cyclone Sidr smashes Bangladesh's coastline, millions evacuated
Thursday, November 15, 2007
Millions of people were evacuated over the previous 48 hours as Category 5, Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Sidr prepared to smash into Bangladesh's shoreline with top winds reaching 240 k/h (149 miles per hour). A senior official for the Bengali government, Ali Imam Majumder, said that they expected to evacuate around 3.2 million people in all, adding, "We have taken all precautions."
Shahjahan Alam, an official with Bangladesh's Meteorological Department, said the cyclone's eye is expected to hit 85 miles southwest of capital city Dhaka later on Thursday.
There is a great concern that many of the badly needed cyclone shelters are not in adequate condition to stand the cyclones heavy winds.
In spite of those concerns, however, the casualty rate is expected to be minimal because of the efforts, nothing like the tragic 1991 cyclone which caused an estimated 138,000 deaths and displacing another 10 million.
- "Millions to evacuate as cyclone slams into Bangladesh" — , November 15, 2007
- "Can Bangladesh cope with cyclone?" — , November 15, 2007 | <urn:uuid:70e6bca8-5cc0-4416-bb27-ac6ed35000f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Cyclone_Sidr_smashes_Bangladesh%27s_coastline,_millions_evacuated | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.950176 | 256 | 2.25 | 2 |
Why do the paintings of the Chauvet cave confuse art historians?
Scientists Unlock the Mystery of Chauvet Caves Paintings in France. Scientists discovered that a volcanic eruption took place in Bas-Vivarais at around the same time as the paintings were created between 30,000 and 40,000 years ago.
What happened to the Lascaux cave after it was found?
Archaeologists believe that the cave was used over a long period of time as a center for hunting and religious rites. The Lascaux grotto was opened to the public in 1948 but was closed in 1963 because artificial lights had faded the vivid colors of the paintings and caused algae to grow over some of them.
Can you visit Lascaux?
Is the Lascaux cave open to the public? No. Lascaux was closed to the public in 1963.
Who initially discovered the cave?
The cave, discovered by a hunter in 1868, was visited in 1876 by Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola, a local nobleman. He returned in 1879 to excavate the floor of the cave’s entrance chamber, unearthing animal bones and stone tools.
Why is the Hall of Bulls significant?
Hall of Bulls, Cave Painting, Lascaux, France. Dated between 28,000 and 10,000 BCE, the beautiful paintings on cave walls found near Lascaux, France represent the earliest surviving examples of the artistic expression of early people. Caves symbolized the birth canal, with life emanating from within.
When was the Great Hall of the Bulls found?
What are the two main purposes of the painting during Stone Age?
The main purpose of painting during the stone age is to make their relatives remember and it is made to tell a story.
What are the influence and contribution of prehistoric art?
Prehistoric cave-art is important as it serves as some of the best means of showing the interaction between our primitive ancestors and the world as they perceived it. These people painted mostly animals that they most likely hunted as a major source of food, and in doing so left behind evidence of their activities. | <urn:uuid:d3e4b74f-6207-4b84-9e7b-fc666d1b2507> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://norman-restaurant.com/why-do-the-paintings-of-the-chauvet-cave-confuse-art-historians/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.976493 | 445 | 3.4375 | 3 |
DOT Drugs & Alcohol Testing: What Employees Need to Know SS17041AE (27 Min.)
You may have many questions about DOT Drug and Alcohol testing. This video answers them.
Who is subject to DOT testing?
Why are safety-sensitive employees tested?
What information must employers provide when I first begin performing DOT safety-sensitive functions ?
What conduct is prohibited by the regulations?
What drugs does DOT test for?
Can I use prescribed medications & Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and perform safety-sensitive functions?
When will I be tested?
How is a urine drug test administered?
What are Medical Review Officers (MROs)?
If I disclose my prescribed medication use/medical information to the MRO during my interview, will the MRO report that information to a third party?
How is an alcohol test administered?
Should I refuse a test if I believe I was unfairly selected for testing?
What is considered a refusal to test?
What happens if I test positive, refuse a test, or violate an agency-specific drug & alcohol rule?
What are Substance Abuse Professionals (SAPs)?
How do I find a SAP?
Will I lose my job if I violate drug & alcohol regulations?
Will my results be confidential?
Will the results follow me to different employers?
What should I do if I have a drug or alcohol abuse problem? | <urn:uuid:7858d6c9-fd44-433e-8b73-7ed7055333c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.safetysourceonline.com/video/dot-drugs-alcohol-what-employees-need-to-know-ss17041ae/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.90431 | 293 | 1.5 | 2 |
Higher Apprentice Ciara Lynch is making a name for herself in the construction and civil engineering sector, thanks to her outstanding work as an assistant technician with Swansea Council.
Ciara, 22, from Morriston, has achieved a HNC in Construction and the Built Environment and a Higher Apprenticeship Level 4 in Construction Site Supervision at Bridgend College.
Having received an Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) Quest Scholarship, her ultimate aim is to become a Chartered Civil Engineer, having recently started a Degree in Civil Engineering.
A science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) ambassador, Ciara is keen to promote the benefits of an apprenticeship, highlighting opportunities for women in an industry that actively encourages diversity.
Ciara says apprenticeships are brilliant because they combine workplace experience and skills with the academic knowledge. | <urn:uuid:28556535-dd11-43ab-b149-afcb15c12192> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gov.wales/apprenticeship-awards-cymru/winners-and-finalists/2021-awards/ciara-lynch | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94592 | 173 | 1.5 | 2 |
I watched in horror as my 11-year-old daughter Hannah plunged 150 feet down Cheakamus Canyon toward the river raging below.
My wife Karen and I had both tried to talk her out of it. But she wouldn’t be dissuaded.
She wanted to jump.
Of course, she was attached to a bungee cord, one that “exceeded Australian specifications” (whatever that means). And Whistler Bungee — an hour north of Vancouver and just below Whistler’s 2010 Olympic Village — has been in business for seven years with a perfect safety record.
Still … I got the willies just looking down through the 300-foot span as we crossed it. This was a murderous height. It would have taken at least three burly men to get me out on that platform.
“You don’t have any problem with this?” I asked a member of Canada’s Olympic ski team who was suiting up for a jump as we arrived.
“Not at all,” she laughed. “What could go wrong?”
“That’s the difference between you and me,” I said. “I have more imagination than that.”
Of course, I knew my fear was emotional not rational, otherwise I would never have let my daughter jump.
That she wanted to jump still astonishes me. After all, this is the same girl who insists on cracking her bedroom door at night so she can see the light in the hallway.
We hate to admit it but most of our fears are irrational. Everyday life just isn’t that dangerous anymore. Technology, engineering, and modern medicine have eliminated most of the sharp edges.
Yet we can’t escape our past. Our fears evolved as a basic survival mechanism. They arise in response to perceived threats, triggering a “fight or flight” response.
For most of us, it’s flight (or avoidance). And studies show our fears are fairly universal: spiders, snakes, heights (… yo!), public speaking, and death.
As Jerry Seinfeld once said, “According to most studies, people’s number one fear is public speaking. Number two is death. Does that sound right? This means at a funeral most people would rather be in the casket than doing the eulogy.”
Our greatest inhibitor, of course, is fear of failure.
Consciously or not, it can paralyze us, keeping us from applying for the promotion, taking the risk, meeting the girl, asking for the order, experiencing the unknown.
It’s always easier to stick with the safe, the comfortable, the familiar.
Yet every time we choose safety we reinforce fear. We nurture it. Only when we overcome this debilitating emotion do we really begin to live.
“He who is not everyday conquering some fear has not learned the secret of life,” said Ralph Waldo Emerson.
How is fear conquered? By doing what we think we can’t do, again and again.
When I was young, for example, public speaking made me nervous. Today, I relish the opportunity.
After a particularly turbulent flight 30 years ago, I was a white-knuckle flier. Now, I can’t keep track of all my frequent flier miles.
Fear is the great barrier to success. It gives small things big shadows. It is the inverse of faith, trapping us between regret for the past and anxiety about the future.
Yet few things warrant the fear we grant them. We run not from genuine threats but imaginary bogeymen.
Perhaps that’s why philosopher Bertrand Russell said, “To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom.”
And the rewards are many. Waiting for you on the other side of fear is freedom. Freedom from anxiety. Freedom from regret. Freedom from a life unlived.
Fortune, it turns out, really does favor the brave.
As Marianne Williamson wrote, “Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us. We ask ourselves, who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented, and fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be? … We are all meant to shine, as children do. And as we let our own light shine, we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same. As we are liberated from our own fear, our presence automatically liberates others.”
Does this mean — like Hannah — that I’m willing to embrace “Whistler’s Ultimate Adrenaline Rush” and plummet toward the Cheakamus River?
That depends. How many burly guys have you got?[Ed. Note: Alex Green, author of The Secret of Shelter Island: Money and What Matters, is the editor of “Spiritual Wealth,” a free e-letter about the pursuit of the good life.] | <urn:uuid:ce811912-020a-4968-a44b-6dc41e5118c7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.earlytorise.com/the-beginning-of-wisdom/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.954224 | 1,062 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Everything you know about internet url’s is about to change. Well, not everything.
According to a recent article in PC World, ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers has given the green light for a change called IDN, also known as internationalized domain names.
IDN will allow non Latin characters to be used in the entire web address of websites. Prior to the change, domains could only use a few non Latin characters, but now their whole website name can be in non Latin characters. Some people are excited about the change because it will encourage more people around the world to use the internet. According to an article on CNET, “IDNs will let people who write in Chinese, Korean, or Arabic use their own languages to surf the Web, and is expected to jump-start Internet use in many regions across the globe.” For many around the world, especially in China the change is more than welcome.
However, some believe it’s opening the door for mishap. Since, the IDN will allow users to create websites in their native tongue, this means some companies will have to do more policing of their site names across the web, in order to protect them. Imagine, Walmart.com having to make sure there isn’t an imposter using their name in another language. Plus homoglyphs (defined by Wikipedia as one of two or more characters, or glyphs, with shapes that either appear identical or cannot be differentiated by quick visual inspection) may become an even bigger issue. It may be a little harder to tell real sites from fake ones. Do you see the difference between these two websites at first glance- google.com and goógle.com?
It should be interesting to see the difference this change will make on internet users as well as companies. It may not be as easy to find the bargain site on the internet when the url changes to non Latin letters. On the other hand, it will allow more people to interact with different cultures. Whether you’re for or against it, the change is taking place. | <urn:uuid:4722974a-c1a6-4270-a0ac-43b2a383a30c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.morevisibility.com/blogs/sem/the-internet-as-we-know-it.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.950605 | 435 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Contact tracing system
Instant-Trace is a highly accurate, easy-to-use contact tracing and social distancing system. Instant-Trace badges flash and vibrate when wearers are close to each other. The badges collect prolonged exposure data. When wearers scan the badges at kiosks daily, this data is uploaded to a password-protected web dashboard. If an employee is diagnosed with COVID-19, leadership is able to make same-day decisions on who should be tested, who needs to self-quarantine and who can keep working.
Product information is provided by manufacturers. This publication has not independently tested manufacturers' products and cannot assume responsibility for the validity of product claims. | <urn:uuid:1cdb6893-2c13-4d4a-a430-5295c4df3c53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/20644-contact-tracing-system | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.950086 | 141 | 1.578125 | 2 |
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Have you been counted in the 2020 census yet?Last week, a total of 37.7% of Park Forest households had officially been counted in the 2020 census, 1.7% behind all residents of the state of Illinois at 39.4% counted.This week, 48.1% of Park Forest households are now officially counted, still 1.7% behind the pace of all Illinois residents currently tracking at 49.8% counted.Park Forest is encouraging all residents to be counted today. With most indoors as part of a stay-at-home order, now is the perfect time to complete this short but important process.Millions of dollars, which can make a significant difference for the betterment of the Park Forest community, are at stake. Consider these numbers:· There are 9,600 households in Park Forest· 7,200 of those 9,600 households were counted in the 2010 census for a response rate of 75%· With an average of 2 to 3 people per household, an estimated 6,300 Park Forest residents were unaccounted for in 2010.· With each resident representing an estimated $1,400 in federal funding, the 6,300 Park Foresters not counted in 2010 resulted in a loss of nearly $90 million dollars for the community over the last 10 years.Do your part to help Park Forest receive the maximum amount of federal dollars available by being counted. These dollars help to finance important efforts in the community, like education, roadway projects, and enhancing the community’s water system. All being counted is critical to the next 10 years in Park Forest.Help Park Forest achieve a 100% response rate today! Log-on, dial in, or mail off your completed census form right away. It’s one of the most important things you can do to help your community. Complete the 2020 census now by visiting https://2020census.gov/ | <urn:uuid:0f913d35-67fc-4006-b548-02901c95e163> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.villageofparkforest.com/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1331 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.958347 | 403 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Power & Rank Awareness in the Therapeutic Relationship
Going beyond the basics to understand how power and rank shape the therapeutic relationship
Power and rank awareness is the foundation of the therapeutic relationship however it is rarely taught with sufficient depth in traditional therapeutic training programs, making it an important area of professional development for many therapists.
In this workshop blending theoretical and experiential insights, develop a more complex understanding of how rank shapes the relationship to achieve better outcomes and also minimise the risk of unintentionally mis-using your own power.
This workshop is for therapists, student therapists, clinical supervisors and therapist trainers from any therapeutic modality and all mental health professions – counselling, psychotherapy, psychology, psychiatry, social work and occupational therapy – who are passionate about facilitating transformative change in their work and have an interest in deeply ethical practice.
The workshop combines the power and rank theoretical model of Arnold Mindell with experiential processes to give participants both a theoretical and personal understanding of:
- different kinds of rank
- earned and unearned ranks
- how subtle communication signals indicate high and low rank states
- the contextual nature of rank
- the importance of rank awareness in the therapeutic, supervisory and training relationships
- understanding your own high and low rank states and characteristics and the triggers that put you at risk of mis-using power.
Rank is not inherently bad and abuse of rank is not inevitable. When you are aware of your rank, you can use it to you own benefit and the benefit of others as well.
THE TRAINER: DR SILVIA CAMASTRAL
Silvia is a process-oriented psychotherapist with over 25 years counselling experience.
She is a senior faculty member of Australia and New Zealand Process Oriented Psychology (ANZPOP) where she teaches and supervises students, as well as supervising students at ACAP and lecturing part-time at QUT.
Silvia’s qualifications include a PhD in General Psychology and a Masters in Counselling. Read her full bio here.
This course is eligible for professional development points with most psycho-therapeutic professional associations including PACFA and ACA.
This course is running twice in the first half of 2022:
Saturday 19th February, 2022 from 9 am to 12 noon AEST (Brisbane time)
Saturday 30th April, 2022, from 9 am to 12 noon AEST (Brisbane time).
Online via Zoom. Please have your video on if your bandwidth allows for it.
$110 (no GST)
Cancellations with seven or more days notice will be refunded in full less a 10% administration fee. Cancellations with less than seven days notice will not be refunded.
To register, complete the form below. You will be able to pay via credit card if you don’t have a Paypal account. If you prefer to pay via direct debit or require an invoice for your organisation, contact us at [email protected].
ANZPOP acknowledges the traditional owners of the lands we live and work on, the Aboriginal Australian, Torres Strait Islander, and Maori peoples. We pay respect to their elders past, present and future. We give thanks for the wisdom of these peoples that has informed the Process Work approach. We honour the courage, resilience and spirit of traditional peoples in the face of the devastating impact colonisation has had and continues to have on their culture, wellbeing, and sovereignty. | <urn:uuid:411da77b-c97d-4e27-83cc-463319ae7195> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://anzpop.org/training-programs/process-work-public-courses/power-and-rank-awareness-in-the-therapeutic-relationship/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.924999 | 746 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, translocates many virulence factors including the cysteine proteases referred to as gingipains to the cell surface via the type IX secretion system (T9SS). Expression of the T9SS component proteins is regulated by the tandem signaling of the PorXY two-component system and the ECF sigma factor SigP. However, the details of this regulatory pathway are still unknown. We found that one of the T9SS conserved C-terminal domain-containing proteins, PGN_0123, which we have designated PorA, is involved in regulating expression of genes encoding T9SS structural proteins and that PorA can be translocated onto the cell surface without the T9SS translocation machinery. X-ray crystallography revealed that PorA has a domain similar to the mannose-binding domain of Escherichia coli FimH, the tip protein of Type 1 pilus. Mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of the sensor kinase PorY conferred phenotypic recovery on the ΔporA mutant. The SigP sigma factor, which is activated by the PorXY two-component system, markedly decreased in the ΔporA mutant. These results strongly support a potential role for PorA in relaying a signal from the cell surface to the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway.
Chronic periodontitis is caused by bacterial infection and the subsequent immune response. A gram-negative anaerobe, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is a keystone pathogen of chronic periodontitis1. Gingipains are cysteine proteases located on the cell surface, which are central to virulence and hemagglutinating activity2,3. P. gingivalis has two types of gingipains; arginine-specific proteases, RgpA and RgpB, and lysine-specific protease, Kgp. Gingipains are translocated to the cell surface or in milieu by using the Type IX secretion system (T9SS)4,5. Approximately 30 proteins, including gingipains, Hbp35, TapA, PepK, PPAD, Mfa5, PorU, and PorZ, are secreted via the T9SS6,7,8 and are called T9SS cargo proteins. However, most of the T9SS cargo proteins have not been characterized.
The T9SS cargo proteins share a conserved C-terminal domain (CTD) composed of about 80 amino acid residues as a secretion signal for the T9SS. Sequence analysis of CTDs have revealed that T9SS CTDs belong to either protein domain family TIGR04183 (type A CTDs) or TIGR04131 (type B CTDs)9. Most of the T9SS cargo proteins have type A CTDs, but Flavobacterium johnsoniae has many T9SS cargo proteins with type B CTDs10. P. gingivalis has only one T9SS cargo protein with type B CTD (PGN_1317) and the others with type A CTDs. P. gingivalis T9SS cargo proteins can be classified into three groups according to their anchoring modes on the cell surface2,6,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21. Group I proteins, which include RgpB, Hbp35, TapA, PepK, and PPAD, are covalently attached to anionic polysaccharide-containing lipopolysaccharides (A-LPS) after removal of their CTDs by the PorU sortase22. The attachment to A-LPS yields diffuse protein bands of the group I proteins in SDS-PAGE. Group II proteins are associated with other proteins, not A-LPS on the cell surface after removal of their CTDs by PorU, which include Mfa5. Mature/processed RgpA and Kgp may be categorized in this group; however, the proteins are generated by the proteolytic processing of RgpA and Kgp precursors. Group III proteins possess their CTDs on cell surface and are not associated with A-LPS. PorU and PorZ, which are T9SS component proteins, belong to group III11,16. PorU cleaves CTD of groups I and II cargo proteins, but no common sequence has been found at the cleavage sites23. It is still unknown how PorU recognizes the cleavage site.
Porphyromonas gingivalis colonies grown on blood agar plates are black-pigmented, and many genes responsible for this unique characteristic of the bacterium have been identified. The pigmentation is caused by release of heme from hemoglobin by Kgp24,25 and subsequent accumulation of a heme derivative, μ-oxo heme dimer, on the cell surface26. Transposon mutagenesis revealed that porR and porT genes are involved in the pigmentation4,27. PorR is prerequisite to form A-LPS, and PorT is one of the T9SS component proteins. Our exhaustive random transposon mutagenesis analysis on pigmentation has revealed that 19 genes are involved in the A-LPS synthesis, 15 genes are T9SS component proteins, and 3 genes, porX, porY and sigP are involved in gene regulation of the T9SS component proteins28,29,30,31. The porX and porY genes encode a response regulator and a sensor kinase of two-component system, and the sigP gene encodes an ECF sigma factor5,29. However, more genes may relate to the pigmentation because we analyzed only non-pigmented mutants and not the slightly-pigmented mutants, which may have defects in pigmentation-related genes31.
A T9SS CTD-containing protein, PorA (PGN_0123), was reported to form diffuse protein bands with molecular masses of more than 35 kDa7 and its CTD cleavage site was determined11. Here we show that PorA is located in the upstream of the PorXY-SigP signaling cascade, which impacts the T9SS expression. PorA is translocated to the cell surface without the T9SS translocation machinery and localized on the cell surface in both A-LPS bound diffuse form and 23-kDa CTD-containing form, and thus PorA is a novel type of T9SS CTD-containing protein. PorA is 246 amino acids in length and is composed of an N-terminal domain and CTD with an N-terminal signal sequence consisting of 27 residues. The structure of the N-terminal domain resembles the ligand binding domain of FimH. On the basis of the structure and the results of the functional analyses, we propose a plausible mechanism for how PorA influences the T9SS expression.
Pigmentation, hemagglutination, and gingipain activities of the ΔporA mutant
PGN_0123, PGN_0654, and PGN_1770 are small CTD-containing proteins, but their functions are not known. We constructed deletion mutants of each protein and examined their phenotypes. The PGN_0123 mutant showed less pigmentation on blood agar plates (Fig. 1A) as expected by Klein et al.12, whereas PGN_0654 and PGN_1770 mutants were pigmented (Fig. S1A). Thus, we designated the gene of PGN_0123 as porA. The ΔporA mutation decreased the hemagglutinating activity and the gingipain activities of the cells (Fig. 1B,C). These functional defects were recovered by expression of porA+ from plasmid in the ΔporA mutant cells, indicating that PorA is required for pigmentation and virulence. In this complementation experiment, we used a shuttle vector, pTCB, and expressed the porA gene with the promoter of the catalase gene (cat) in Porphyromonas gulae (see in Supplemental text).
PorA-mediated expression of T9SS component proteins
Previous studies revealed that the cause of no or less colony pigmentation is divided into two categories: one cause is defined by defects in T9SS and the other is defined by defects in A-LPS synthesis4,27. In the T9SS-deficient mutants, such as the porK and porT mutants, T9SS cargo proteins are not associated with A-LPS; they are detected in the periplasm only as unprocessed and unmodified forms lacking N-terminal signal peptides, and mAb 1B5, a monoclonal antibody against A-LPS, reacts to produce diffuse bands with apparent molecular masses lower than those of the wild type in SDS-PAGE32. On the other hand, in the A-LPS-deficient mutants such as the porR and wbpB mutants, most of the T9SS cargo proteins are secreted into culture supernatants and mAb 1B5 shows no reaction to their cell lysates33. To elucidate whether the PorA deficit affects the T9SS or the A-LPS synthesis, we conducted immunoblot analysis of the ΔporA mutant. In the ΔporA mutant, unprocessed and unmodified form bands of Kgp and Rgp were detected at significant amounts in addition to their mature/processed form bands, and the diffuse bands were markedly reduced for Hbp35 compared to those of the wild type and the complemented strains (Fig. 1D). The immunoblot of SDS-PAGE gels of the ΔporA mutant with mAb 1B5 showed diffuse bands with their apparent molecular masses lower than those of the wild type and the complemented strain (Fig. 1D). These properties of the ΔporA mutant were more similar to those of the T9SS-deficient mutants than the A-LPS-deficient mutants, suggesting that the ΔporA mutation does not affect the A-LPS synthesis but induces a partial defect in the T9SS.
We next investigated the levels of several T9SS component proteins in the ΔporA mutant by immunoblot analysis. PorU, PorK, PorL, and PorM were almost absent in the ΔporA mutant (Fig. 1E); however, PorK, PorL, and PorM were still produced at a certain level compared to corresponding null mutants (Fig. S2). In contrast, ΔporA mutation did not affect the amount of PorN (Fig. 1E). Since production of these Por proteins is regulated by the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway, we analyzed the amounts of PorX, PorY, and SigP in the ΔporA mutant (Fig. 1F). No SigP was detected in the ΔporA mutant, which was also the case for the ΔporX mutant29. Amounts of PorX in the ΔporA and ΔporY mutants were comparable to that of the wild type, whereas that in the ΔsigP mutant exhibited nearly 70% and 72% reduction in mRNA and protein levels, respectively (Fig. 1F, Fig. S3). Intriguingly, we found that no PorY protein was observed in the ΔporA, ΔporX, or ΔsigP mutant (Fig. 1F, Fig. S4A). qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the porY mRNA levels of the ΔporA, ΔporX, and ΔsigP mutants were reduced by 50%, 30%, and 80%, respectively, compared to that of the wild type (Fig. S4B). Therefore, marked decrease of the PorY protein in the ΔporA, ΔporX, and ΔsigP mutants may be caused not only at the mRNA level but also at the protein level.
Analysis of gain-of-function mutants from the ΔporA mutant
We isolated gain-of-function mutants from the ΔporA mutant by repeating inoculation of the ΔporA mutant on blood agar plates. Black-pigmented colonies appeared after three times successive inoculation. Two pseudo-revertants were subjected to genome analysis. Both of the two strains had the same two mutations that caused the conversion of the 241st Ser of PorY and the 295th Val of PGN_1053 (putative phospho-2-dehydro-3 deoxyheptonate aldolase/chorismate mutase) to Leu and Glu, respectively. These pseudo-revertants appeared to be siblings, so that we accounted the two strains as one clone (Fig. 2A). Next, we sequenced the porY gene regions from ten pseudo-revertants that were obtained independently, and found that all the strains possessed amino acid-substituted mutations in the putative cytoplasmic domain region of the porY gene (Fig. 2A). To confirm whether the porY mutations compensate the defects of the ΔporA mutant, the porY gene carrying one of the mutations, porY(S266W), was introduced into the ΔporA mutant by a shuttle plasmid. The resulting strain ΔporA/porY(S266W) showed a black-pigmented phenotype, as did the wild type (Fig. 2B). PorY is a component of the two-component signal transduction system involved in gene regulation of the T9SS component proteins28,29,30,31. PorY is a sensor kinase and PorX is a response regulator of the two-component system. The PorXY system positively regulates the T9SS expression by influencing SigP, an extra-cytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor5,29. Taken together with marked decrease of PorY and SigP in the ΔporA mutant, we speculated that PorA influences the expression of the T9SS related genes at mRNA level through the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway. To confirm this hypothesis, qRT-PCR analysis of the ΔporA mutant was performed. The ΔporA mutant showed markedly reduced mRNA levels of PGN_1351, PGN_1534, and T9SS component genes such as porK, porL, porM, porN, porU, and porV (Fig. 2C), all of which are reported to be down-regulated in the porX and sigP mutants29. Notably, the mRNA level of sigP was also markedly decreased in the ΔporA mutant compared to that of the wild type. Complemented strain ΔporA/porA+ and strain ΔporA/porY(S266W) recovered the expression of all these genes to the wild type level. We also confirmed that the ΔporA/porA+ strain recovered the SigP protein expression to the wild type level (Fig. 1F). To examine whether the ΔporA/porY(S266W) strain still utilizes the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway for T9SS regulation, a porX mutation was introduced into the chromosome of the ΔporA/porY(S266W) strain. The resulting strain ΔporA ΔporX/porY(S266W) showed a non-pigmented phenotype, indicating that PorY(S266W) also requires PorX for the phenotypic recovery (Fig. 2B,D,E). Furthermore, we constructed a ΔporA ΔporY mutant and introduced the porY(S266W) gene-carrying shuttle plasmid to the ΔporA ΔporY mutant and found that the resulting ΔporA ΔporY/porY(S266W) strain shows pigmented, produces PorY(S266W), and has Rgp and Kgp activities (Figs. S1B, S5, and S6). In addition, the ΔporA ΔporY mutant was stably non-pigmented after several passages and exhibited significantly reduced Kgp activity (Figs. S1B, S5, and S6). These results suggest that PorA is located upstream of the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway.
Translocation of PorA onto the cell surface in a T9SS translocation machinery-independent manner
Since the C-terminal amino acid sequence of PorA (D163-K246) shows significant homology to the T9SS CTD sequence6, PorA is expected to be secreted to the cell surface through the T9SS. We therefore examined the PorA exposure on the cell surface by a dot blot analysis of intact cells with anti-PorA antibody (α-PorA) and with anti-Hbp35 antibody (α-Hbp35) reacting to Hbp35, a typical group I T9SS cargo protein. The wild-type cells reacted to both α-PorA and α-Hbp35, suggesting that PorA is present on the cell surface (Fig. 3A). α-Hbp35 did not react to the cell surface of T9SS-deficient mutant (porK, porM, porT, porV, or sov), whereas α-PorA reacted to those of the T9SS-deficient mutants (Fig. 3A)15. The result suggests that PorA can be translocated on the cell surface through a pathway without the T9SS translocation machinery. Hbp35 was detected on the cell surface in the ΔporX and the ΔporY mutants as well as the ΔporA mutant, but not in the porK mutant, indicating that the phenotype of the ΔporA mutant is similar to those of the ΔporX and ΔporY mutants (Fig. S7).
Cell surface exposure of PorA was further examined by biotin labelling assay. Proteins exposed on the cell surfaces of porK, porM, ΔporA mutant and the wild-type cells were labeled with biotin. The cells were lysed, and the lysates were immunoprecipitated with α-PorA. The immunoprecipitated samples were loaded in SDS-PAGE and immunodetected with HRP conjugated streptavidin (HRP-S) and α-PorA (Fig. 3B). The sample from the wild-type cells showed diffuse bands and a thick band of about 23 kDa in both HRP-S and α-PorA staining gels. The diffuse bands are typical for the group I cargo proteins covalently bound to A-LPS on the cell surface. The theoretical molecular mass of PorA without the N-terminal signal sequence is 23,426. Therefore, these results suggest that PorA is located on the cell surface in two forms, an A-LPS bound form and a 23-kDa CTD-containing form. On the other hand, the porK and porM mutant samples showed the 23-kDa band but no diffuse bands in the HRP-S and α-PorA staining gels, indicating that PorA is present only in the 23-kDa CTD-containing form on the cell surfaces of the T9SS-deficient mutants.
The PorV protein can bind several T9SS CTD-containing proteins34,35. Glew et al.35 reported interaction between PorA and PorV. To confirm the interaction, the samples immuno-precipitated with α-PorA were subjected to immunoblot analysis with α-PorV. A protein band with 37 kDa reacted to α-PorV, indicating interaction of PorA and PorV (Fig. 3B).
Interaction of CTD of PorA with PorV
We performed peptide mass fingerprinting to identify proteins immuno-precipitaed with α-PorA. In the experiment, we used derivatives of a gingipain-null mutant (kgp rgpA rgpB) to avoid excessive proteolysis during sample preparation. Membrane fractions of kgp rgpA rgpB, kgp rgpA rgpB porK, and kgp rgpA rgpB ΔporA cells treated with a chemical crosslinking reagent, dimethyl 3,3′-dithiobispropionimidate (DTBP) were prepared, immuno-precipitated with α-PorA and subjected to SDS-PAGE. Protein bands on the gel indicated by numerals were subjected to peptide mass fingerprinting using MALDI TOF–MS (Fig. 4A and Table 1). The gel was also subjected to immunoblot analyses with α-PorA and α-PorV (Fig. 4A). The sample of kgp rgpA rgpB showed diffuse bands and a weak band with 23 kDa that reacted to α-PorA, and a band with 37 kDa that reacted to α-PorV, while the sample of kgp rgpA rgpB porK showed relatively strong bands with 23 kDa and 50 kDa that reacted to α-PorA and a band with 37 kDa that reacted to α-PorV. The 50-kDa band reacting to α-PorA appeared to be non-specific because the ΔporA and kgp rgpA rgpB ΔporA mutants also showed the 50-kDa band (Figs. 3B and 4A). However, we did not find any PorA-PorV heterodimer covalently cross-linked by treatment with DTBP even at non-reduced conditions, suggesting that the DTBP treatment did not work between PorA and PorV. Therefore, we performed the immuno-precipitation analysis with α-PorA in the absence of DTBP to examine whether there was stable interaction between PorA and PorV. Membrane fractions of the wild-type, porK, and ΔporA cells were prepared, immuno-precipitated with α-PorA, and subjected to SDS-PAGE and native PAGE, and the following immunoblot analyses with α-PorA and α-PorV (Fig. S8). The SDS-PAGE analysis without the DTBP treatment showed essentially the same results as that with the DTBP treatment (Fig. 4A, Fig. S8A). The native PAGE analysis showed diffuse protein bands with high molecular masses that reacted to both α-PorA and α-PorV in the samples of wild-type and porK cells (Fig. S8B). These results suggest that the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA interacts with PorV.
To determine whether the PorV protein can bind the CTD of PorA, we constructed a gene encoding a chimera protein consisting of the N-terminal signal peptide of Kgp, the Halo tag, and the CTD of PorA and expressed it in the porN mutant. The chimera protein was purified using HaloLink Resin after protein crosslinking with DTBP and subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunodetection (Fig. 4B). The result suggested that PorV can bind the PorA CTD. Furthermore, we examined whether the CTDs of other T9SS cargo proteins interact with PorV using the same method. The results showed that the CTDs of RgpB, Mfa5, PPAD, and Kgp interacted with PorV although the strength of interaction was different one another, and the CTD of Hbp35 did not (Fig. S9).
Formation of the PorA A-LPS-bound form in co-culture of the porK and porR mutants
Group I CTD cargo proteins are covalently bound to A-LPS following the cleavage of their CTDs by the PorU sortase secreted to the cell surface through the T9SS. We analyzed whether the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA that is translocated to the cell surface without passing through the T9SS translocation machinery in the porK mutant can be bound to A-LPS after removal of CTD by PorU. The porK mutant cells were mixed with cells of a ΔporR mutant and the mixture was co-cultured for two days. PorK is an essential component of the T9SS translocation machinery, so the porK mutant has no T9SS, but produces A-LPS. PorR is an enzyme involved in A-LPS synthesis, so the ΔporR mutant does not synthesize A-LPS, but has normal T9SS including PorU on the cell surface. If the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA on the cell surface can be a substrate of PorU, the CTD of PorA in the porK mutant would be cleaved and the remaining part of PorA would be bound to A-LPS by PorU in the ΔporR mutant. Such reaction may take place between the outer membrane vesicles (OMV) of the porK and ΔporR mutants. OMV fractions of the culture were subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblot analysis with α-PorA (Fig. 5A). Diffuse bands appeared in the OMV fraction of the co-culture of the porK and the ΔporR mutants, but no such pattern was detected in that of the individual culture of the mutants and in that of the co-culture of the porK and the porU ΔporR mutants. In contrast, the OMV fraction of the co-culture of the porK and the ΔporR mutants showed no diffuse bands with α-Hbp35 because Hbp35 is not secreted on the cell surface without the T9SS. These results also suggest that the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA is present on the cell surfaces of the T9SS-deficient mutants and can be converted to the A-LPS-bound diffuse form in the presence of PorU. In this analysis, we found that there was a markedly reduced amount of 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA in the OMV fraction of the porU mutant compared to that of the porK mutant (Fig. 5A). The amount of the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA was almost equivalent to that in the OMV fraction of the wild type. The wild type had a large amount of A-LPS-bound diffuse PorA. Next, we examined the presence and location of PorA in the porU mutant (Fig. 5B). The cell lysate samples showed the results similar to those of the OMV samples, whereas the porU mutant showed a large amount of the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA in the OMV-free culture supernatant samples.
The porK mutant, which created the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA but not the A-LPS-bound diffuse PorA on the cell surface (Fig. 3B), produced SigP equal or higher levels than the wild type (Fig. 1F). SigP produced in the porK mutant appears to be functional because the mutant showed expression of SigP-regulated genes at both mRNA and protein levels (Fig. S10). These results suggest that at least the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA on the cell surface has the ability to activate the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway of the T9SS expression to yield the functional SigP.
Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of PorA
We next conducted the X-ray crystal structure analysis of PorA. Initially, we tried to determine the structure of the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA, but no crystal was obtained. Therefore, we determined the core region of PorA by limited proteolysis of purified PorA with trypsin. The 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA was digested into a fragment composed of Q28 to R171 (Fig. 6A), and the C-terminal 75 residues, which corresponds to CTD, were degraded into small peptides. Thus, we purified and crystallized the trypsin-resistant fragment, termed PorA-N. The structure of PorA-N was determined at 1.3 Å resolution (Fig. 6B). The C-terminal 10 residues were invisible in the electron density map, and therefore, residues Q28-G161 were modeled. The crystal belongs to the space group C2 and contains a single PorA-N molecule in an asymmetric unit. The structure of PorA-N adopts an immunoglobulin-like fold composed of 10 β-strands (Fig. 6B). The Dali database search revealed that FimH from Escherichia coli in complex with propynyl biphenyl α-d-mannoside, a ligand analogue, gave the best structural similarity (PDB ID: 4av5, Z-score: 8.4) to PorA-N (Fig. 6C). FimH is a tip protein of Type 1 pilus and binds to mannose. This structural similarity suggests that PorA-N may bind an unknown molecule. The mannose binding site of FimH is located at the top of the barrel, and the N-terminus, the loop connecting β4 and β5 and the loop connecting β11 and β12 (the 11–12 loop) surround the ligand and form hydrogen bonds with the ligand. In contrast, the barrel top of PorA-N shows a wide-open structure. The loop connecting β9 and β10 corresponding to the 11–12 loop of FimH extends outward. Thus, the barrel top of PorA-N is exposed to the outside, implying that interaction with the unknown binding partner may induce a structural change of PorA-N.
We found in this study that PorA impacts the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway that regulates expression of the T9SS in P. gingivalis. PorA is the first T9SS CTD-containing protein involved in gene regulation of the T9SS component proteins. Like other T9SS CTD-containing proteins, PorA is secreted on the cell surface. Previously characterized T9SS CTD-containing proteins such as Hbp35 are not secreted on the cell surface in the absence of the T9SS secretion machinery. In contrast, PorA is located on the cell surface of the T9SS-deficient mutants (porK, porM, porT, porV and sov) as its CTD-containing form (Fig. 3A). Lauber et al.36 reported that SprA, a Sov homolog of Flavobacterium johnsoniae, forms a water-filled conduit of sufficient size to allow the passage of folded proteins across the outer membrane. Although most T9SS CTD-containing proteins are secreted via the T9SS in F. johnsoniae, a small CTD-containing protein with 112 amino acid residues, Fjoh_0547, is secreted in the culture supernatants of sprA and porV mutants36, suggesting that Fjoh_0547 can be secreted without passing through the SprA channel. In this context, PorA, the second smallest CTD-containing protein (246 amino acid residues) in P. gingivalis, may be translocated to the cell surface through a similar pathway as Fjoh_0547 without passing through the Sov channel.
Previously characterized T9SS cargo proteins belong to one of the three groups; I, II and III (Table 2). CTDs of groups I and II proteins are removed by PorU. A-LPS is then covalently bound to the group I proteins, but not to the group II proteins. Group III proteins retain their CTDs on the cell surface and do not bind A-LPS. PorA has both characteristics of groups I and III. PorA is present on the cell surface in both the A-LPS bound diffuse form and the 23-kDa CTD-containing form. Thus, PorA is a novel type of T9SS CTD-containing protein. P. gingivalis T9SS consists of the translocation machinery (PorG, PorK, PorL, PorM, PorN, and Sov), the attachment complex (PorQ, PorU, PorV, and PorZ), the PorV shuttle protein, and other components with unknown functions (PorE, PorF, PorP, PorT, and PorW) (Fig. 7)37. PorA appears to use the PorV shuttle protein and the attachment complex for covalently binding to A-LPS, but not to use the T9SS translocation machinery for secretion to the cell surface.
The porA deletion mutant formed non-pigmented colonies on the blood agar plate, decreased hemagglutination and gingipain activities, and reduced expression of T9SS component genes such as porK, porL, porM, and porU, indicating that the ΔporA mutant is deficient in the T9SS. However, the ΔporA mutant is not a T9SS-null mutant, but still expresses a small amount of T9SS component proteins. We detected Hbp35 on the cell surface of the ΔporA mutant. This phenotype is very similar to the ΔporX and ΔporY mutants, supporting that PorA influences the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway.
PorY and PorX proteins are the sensor histidine kinase and the response regulator of the two-component system, respectively, which regulates the T9SS29. What activates the PorY sensor kinase remains to be determined. Since the amino acid substitution in the cytoplasmic domain of PorY compensated the defective phenotype of the ΔporA mutant, it is plausible that PorA activates the PorY sensor kinase. In our preliminary experiments, however, direct interaction between PorA and PorY was not detected. PorA is located on the cell surface whereas PorY is in the inner membrane, so other factor(s) should mediate between PorA and PorY.
ECF sigma factor was first recognized as a distinct subgroup of σ70-like factor in 199438 and after that it has been found in many bacterial species39. In most cases, ECF sigma factor is regulated by its cognate anti-sigma factor protein, which is encoded by a downstream gene on the same transcriptional unit39. In P. gingivalis, there are six ECF sigma factors such as PGN_0274 (SigP)29,40, PGN_0319 (SigCH)41, PGN_0450, PGN_0970, PGN_110842, and PGN_1740 (SigH)43. Their downstream CDSs such as PGN_0320, PGN_0451, PGN_0969, and PGN_1107 may encode anti-sigma factors; however, it has not been elucidated whether they are anti-sigma factors. SigP regulates gene expression of the T9SS components29. PorX binds SigP but not DNA29. PorX has the PglZ domain, which may function as a phosphatase, phosphomutase, or phosphodiesterase44, in its C-terminal region. Thus, PorX activated by PorY binds and activates SigP. The sigP gene is auto-regulated by its own gene product, SigP40. We previously found that the sigP gene was down-regulated in the ΔporX mutant29. This may be because the PorX-activated SigP, not the intact SigP, induces the expression of the sigP gene. In this study, down-regulation of the sigP gene was also found in the ΔporA mutant, that is consistent with the idea that PorA is located upstream of the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway (Fig. 7).
Most of T9SS cargo proteins share a common structural architecture composed of a signal peptide, a functional domain(s), an Ig-like domain and CTD45,46. The role of the Ig-like domain is believed to stabilize the functional domain46. However, PorA is composed of a signal peptide, the Ig-like domain and CTD. The Ig-like domain structure of PorA differs from those of other T9SS cargo proteins, such as Hbp35, Kgp and Rgp, but resembles the mannose-binding lectin domain of FimH. The structural similarity to FimH suggests that on the cell surface PorA binds an unknown environmental substance that stimulates PorA to impact the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway.
There are two forms of PorA on the cell surface: the A-LPS-bound diffuse form and the 23-kDa CTD-containing form. Production of functional SigP in mutants deficient in T9SS components such as the porK and porT mutants suggests that the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA on the cell surface has the ability to activate the PorXY-SigP pathway. The 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA is cleaved by the PorU protease in the attachment complex and the resulting mature/processed PorA is covalently bound to A-LPS. If the A-LPS-bound diffuse form has no ability to activate the PorXY-SigP pathway, the attachment complex would determine amounts of PorA with the activating ability. Because PorU and PorZ in the attachment complex are secreted by the T9SS translocation machinery, the attachment complex on the cell surface is a reflection of the functionality of the T9SS translocation machinery37. This may imply the following feedback system in the regulation of the T9SS: When operation of the T9SS translocation machinery decreases, amounts of PorU and PorZ are reduced on the cell surface, resulting in increase of the 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA on the cell surface. The 23-kDa CTD-containing PorA activates the PorXY-SigP pathway and increases expression of T9SS component genes to yield increase of the T9SS operation. Further investigation is needed to reveal the role of PorA in activation of the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway.
In conclusion, we found that PorA, a T9SS CTD-containing protein, impacts the PorXY-SigP signaling pathway that is responsible for expression of the T9SS. Putative protein-encoding genes homologous to porA with BLAST E-value of < 0.0001 have been found only in the genus Porphyromonas, indicating that the presence of PorA is restricted to a very narrow range of taxa. Therefore, the cell surface protein PorA may be a good target for pharmacotherapeutically controlling the periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis. This study provides a new insight into the signaling pathway that regulates the T9SS.
Bacterial strains and plasmids
Media and conditions for bacterial growth
Media and conditions for bacterial growth was described previously2. Briefly, P. gingivalis strains were grown anaerobically (80% N2, 10% CO2, 10% H2) in enriched brain–heart infusion (BHI) broth (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ) or on enriched tryptic soy agar plates (Nissui, Tokyo, Japan) supplemented with 5 μg/ml hemin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and 0.5 μg/ml menadione (Sigma). For blood agar plates, defibrinated laked sheep blood was added to enriched tryptic soy agar at 5%. Luria–Bertani (LB) broth and LB agar plates were used for growth of Escherichia coli strains. Antibiotics were used at the following concentrations: ampicillin (Ap; 100 μg/ml for E. coli, 10 μg/ml for P. gingivalis), erythromycin (Em; 10 μg/ml for P. gingivalis), gentamicin (Gm; 50 μg/ml for P. gingivalis), and tetracycline (Tc; 0.7 μg/ml for P. gingivalis).
The proteinase inhibitors Nα-p-tosyl-l-lysine chloromethyl ketone hydrochloride (TLCK) and leupeptin were purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan) and Peptide Institute (Osaka, Japan), respectively. Iodoacetamide was purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan).
Construction of bacterial mutant strains
Construction of a complemented strain of the ΔporA mutant
Electrotransformation of pTIO-tetQ-porY(S266W) in the ΔporA mutant
Complementation of pTIO-tetQ-porY(S266W) was described in Supplemental Text.
Preparation of vesicle fraction
His6-tagged recombinant proteins of PorA, PorV, SigP, PorL, PorM, and PorN were overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) carrying an expression plasmid. The expression plasmid was constructed as follows. DNA fragments of porA, porV, sigP, porL, porM, and porN gene were PCR amplified with primer sets PorA-15bF/PorA-15bR, PorV-32bF/PorV-32bR, SigP-15bF/SigP-15bR, PorL-15bF/PorL-15bR, PorM-22bF/PorM-22bR, and PorN-22bF/PorN-22bR, respectively, using P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 chromosomal DNA as a template. The amplified DNA of porA was digested with NdeI plus BglII, the amplified DNA of sigP and porL was digested with NdeI plus BamHI, and the resulting DNA fragments were inserted into the NdeI-BamHI site of pET-15b (Novagen). The amplified DNA of porM was digested with BamHI plus XhoI and then inserted into the BamHI-XhoI site of pET-22b(+) (Novagen). The amplified DNA of porN was digested with SalI plus XhoI and then inserted into the SalI-XhoI site of pET-22b(+). The amplified DNA of porV was digested with EcoRV plus XhoI and then inserted into the EcoRV-XhoI site of pET-32b(+) (Novagen). E coli BL21 (DE3) harboring the resulting plasmids were grown on LB broth at 30 °C, and PorA, PorV, SigP, PorL, PorM, and PorN were induced with 0.1 mM isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside. His6-tagged recombinant proteins were purified by using a HiTrap Chelating HP column (GE Healthcare Life Sciences). To raise antiserum against PorA, SigP, PorV, PorL, PorM, and PorN, rabbits were immunized with PorA-His6 and guinea pigs were immunized with the SigP-His6 by EveBioscience Co., Ltd. (Wakayama, Japan). PorV, PorL, PorM, and PorN-His6 protein were mixed with TiterMax Gold (TiterMax), and the mixtures were injected into mice (BALB/c) subcutaneously, resulting in α-PorV, α-PorL, α-PorM, α-PorN antiserum. An α-Kgp rabbit polyclonal antibody51, an α-PorK rabbit polyclonal antibody5, an α-Rgp mouse polyclonal antibody51, an α-PorU mouse polyclonal antibody52, an α-Hbp35 rabbit polyclonal antibody53, an α-Mfa1 rabbit polyclonal antibody54, an α-PorX rabbit polyclonal antibody29, and an α-PorY rabbit polyclonal antibody29 were used to detect Kgp, PorK, Rgp, PorU, Hbp35, Mfa1, PorX, and PorY, respectively. A monoclonal antibody 1B5 (mAb 1B5), which recognizes the anionic polysaccharide of A-LPS, was kindly provided by Prof. M. A. Curtis55. An α-Halo Tag rabbit polyclonal antibody was purchased from Promega.
Gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis
Dot blot analysis
Dot blot analysis was performed as previously described15.
Biotinylation of surface proteins of P. gingivalis
Immunoprecipitation with α-PorA antibody
Immunoprecipitation assay were described in detail in Supplemental Text.
MS analysis and database search for protein identification
Proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) after in-gel tryptic digestion as previously described5.
Whole genome sequencing of the ΔporA pseudo-revertants
Porphyromonas gingivalis ΔporA pseudo-revertants were grown on the enriched tryptic soy plates. Chromosomal DNA was extracted from the ΔporA pseudo-revertants using the MasterPure DNA purification kit for Blood Version II (Epicentre) and concentrated using ethanol precipitation then suspended in Tris–EDTA buffer pH8.0. Whole genome sequencing was performed at the Nagasaki University Genome Research Facility using the Ilumina HiSeq 2500 Sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, Calif). The sequence data were analyzed by using a standard pipeline. To identify small indels and single-nucleotide variants, sequence reads were aligned against P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 genome (AP009380)57 modified with the insertion of ermF to porA. We also used information of the P. gingivalis W83 genome (GenBank under accession number AE015924)58.
Quantification of gene expression by quantitative RT (qRT)-PCR
Purification of Halo-CTD(PorA) chimera protein with DTBP-mediated crosslinking
Purification of His-PorA(Q28-K246)
Purification od His-PorA(Q28-K246) was described in Supplemental Text.
Limited proteolysis was performed as previously described60. Purified His-PorA(Q28-K246) solution was mixed with trypsin at the protease/protein ratio of 1/100 (w/w) for 90 min at 27 °C. The products were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry using sinapinic acid or α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid as matrix reagents.
Purification of PorA-N and Se-Met PorA-N
Purification procedure of PorA-N and Se-Met PorA-N was described in Supplemental Text.
Crystallization, data collection and structure determination
Procedures of crystallization, data collection and structure determination were described in detail in Supplemental Text61,62,63,64. Structural refinement statistics are summarized in Supplemental Table S3.
The atomic coordinates have been deposited in Protein Data Bank, http://www.pdb.org (PDB ID code 6KJK).
The atomic coordinate of the crystal structure has been deposited into the Protein Data Bank (PorA: PDB ID 6KJK). Additional raw data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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This work was supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, No. 16K15776 and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), No. 20K09921 to K.N.). We thank T. Ogi and M. Shimada (Nagoya University and Nagasaki University) for the whole genome sequencing analysis and the beamline staff of SPring-8 for technical help with data collection. We thank Editage (http://www.editage.com) for English language editing.
The authors declare no competing interests.
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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Yukitake, H., Shoji, M., Sato, K. et al. PorA, a conserved C-terminal domain-containing protein, impacts the PorXY-SigP signaling of the type IX secretion system. Sci Rep 10, 21109 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77987-y | <urn:uuid:33a0c474-89ac-4d60-b37e-c73ad78198a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-77987-y?error=cookies_not_supported&code=7f04066c-4c73-43ab-b2c6-aae592bfc7fe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.887049 | 14,440 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Description of the Report
The Radiation Hardened Electronics Market is projected to increase by a factor of 1.4 billion $ 1.4 billion by 2020 and reach approximately USD 1.7 billion by 2026 at an average CAGR of 3.5 percent during the forecast time.
Industries utilize radiation-hardened electronics to shield systems and devices from radiation-induced damage. The increasing demand for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations, the high demand for rad-hard electronics in satellite communications, and the growing need for electronic systems capable of enduring significant radioactivity in the nuclear power sector have contributed to the rapid growth of the market. However, challenges in developing natural testing environments and the expensive development costs and design could limit the growth.
COVID-19 Impact on the Radiation Hardened Electronics Market
The COVID-19 crisis has caused worldwide health issues and economic crises. Demand for radiation-hardened electronic devices was growing steadily before the COVID-19 timeframe. Due to the tensions between China and America and the immediate effect of COVID-19 could be seen in the imports of radiation-hardened electronic components within the US. The US, along with Europe, are the leading suppliers of semiconductor parts. The high import tariffs for radiation-hardened electronic components from these countries and disruptions to the supply chain of their components are adversely impacting manufacturers of electronics with a hardened radiation source within both the US and Europe. This could lead to an imbalance in demand and supply, which could harm the expansion of the industry. But, the market is predicted to recover slowly in the coming 2 years and is projected to expand at a CAGR of 3.5 percent from 2020 until 2026.
Drivers: Increasing intelligence surveillance and recon (ISR) global operations
Intelligence, surveillance, and recon (ISR) actions are growing daily within the field of defense to stay in front of adversaries and allies. Every ISR operation will succeed if high-quality, durable, and eco-friendly end-products are utilized. Therefore, the most recent processors, controllers, and electronic equipment are ideal for maritime, space, and military applications in ISR operations. For space operations, electronic equipment has to withstand extreme environments for about 15 years without any loss in performance or power. Electronic components that are radiation-hardened can meet the demands of ISR operations, both in military and commercial applications.
Limitations: Costs of designing and developing
There are some questions about the high cost of radiation-hardened electronics. Because of their lower sales and production volumes and lengthy development cycles have remained expensive all through, which has slowed the competition between major players in the world market for radiation-hardened electronic components. Due to these causes affecting the market, there have been very few innovations created in the last few years, particularly in the field of power devices. Therefore, this could soon slow the market for radiation-hardened electronic devices.
Opportunity: Increasing use of commercial-off-the-shelf products in satellites and other space applications
The importance of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components in space satellites and other applications is crucial since the demand for cheap nanosatellites is increasing. COTS parts can be utilized to build small satellites which are mission-specific. For instance, example, the US military has launched plans for smaller satellites to reduce the cost of launch, and the time it takes between deciding to launch a satellite to accomplish a specific mission and finally getting that satellite placed in orbit. COTS parts are also attractive because they provide the highest bandwidth and performance. Demand for high bandwidth in satellite applications has forced designers to select radiation-hardened electronic components.
The challenge: Customized needs of premium customers
The main challenge facing the producers of radiation-hardened electronics and semiconductor systems is the particular requirements of the high-end consumer. This is mainly due to the fact that the military and space missions are highly confidential and application-oriented, due to which there is a vast difference between the requirements of one consumer from another. The businesses strive to meet these requirements as much time, money, and R&D are required during development. Companies also need to modify their design method to meet each requirement of the final customer, for example, the design of radiation hardening and the method. This results in lengthy time-to-market cycles for components that are radiation hardened.
Power Management, by component type, held the most significant part of the Radiation-Hardened Electronics Market.
The power management market has been one of the major segments for radiation-hardened electronic components. The growing power management sector is caused by the rising demand for MOSFETs and diodes for top-of-the-line applications for the defense and space industries. The power management components, such as power switches and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), accounted for a significant share of ~40% of the global radiation-hardened electronics market in 2019. Power MOSFETs are utilized for high-reliability applications and are specially designed for requirements in space. They have a high degree of durability, Ionizing radiation, and high-energy charged particles. Due to the current COVID-19 disease that is affecting the power management segment has been somewhat affected. Still, it is expected to expand faster over the forecast time alongside other components.
RHBD, by the manufacturing technique type will expand at a faster rate during the forecast time
Radiation hardening by design (RHBD) manufacturing method is predicted to expand at the fastest rate in the electronics market that is radiation-hardened due to the low price per chip, high volume production, and ease of modification. The RHBD microcontrollers, memories, and ASICs are primarily utilized in the space and defense industries and the nuclear power industry. The demand for RHBD designs will be boosted during COVID-19 since RHBD permits easy modification through various government programs based on their intended applications. Although radiation hardening through the procedure (RHBP) is a viable process for producing electronic systems that are radiation-hardened, its acceptance rate for microelectronics producers is lower mainly due to the lower profits, processes uncertainties, and expensive manufacturing costs.
The segment for space applications accounted for the most significant portion of the market for radiation-hardened electronic components.
The space application market is predicted to grow at the fastest rate for radiation-hardened electronic components. Space applications segment made up the highest percentage of the market for rad-hard because of the increasing use of rad-hard parts for TV broadcasting, phone satellites, nanosatellites, and microsatellites. This is in addition to the growing market demand for satellites to observe the earth. Additionally, the growing number of space missions being conducted across the globe is predicted to fuel the development of the rad-hard market for space applications during the forecast time. The need from the commercial sector for durable and reliable electronic components that are rad-hard in satellites is anticipated to create opportunities for growth in this market over the near term. The aerospace and defense industry market is rated second in the forecast time. In addition market for implantable medical devices is expected to grow at the second-highest CAGR during the covid-19 epidemic.
Small satellites, as well as constellations, could be considered to be new opportunities for growth in COTS. COTS market. It is expected to have the highest share in the type of product market for radiation-hardened electronic devices over the forecast period.
The market for radiation-hardened electronics COTS is anticipated to capture a significant share and grow faster than the average rate over the forecast time. This is because they provide excellent resistance against high-energy charged particles and ionizing radiation. The commercially-off-the-shelf (COTS) MOSFETS market accounted for a significant portion of the worldwide radiation-hardened electronics market in 2019. India, Russia, and China are predicted to be the most promising growth market for rad-hard electronics as numerous mission space-related activities have been carried out in these regions in the last few years.
Asia Pacific is projected to expand at the fastest CAGR in the forecast timeframe.
North America accounted for most of the market for radiation-hardened electronic devices. This growth is due to the presence of top firms like Honeywell Aerospace & Defense (US), Microchip Technology (US) as well as Xilinx, Inc. (the US), and well-known space research institutes like The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and The Florida Space Research Institute (FSRI) and the Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS). Most of the components made of rad (nearly 50 percent) are provided from the US to various parts of the globe. Despite the slowing growth of the economy and the rising DoD budgetary expenses, the demand for electronics that have been tempered by radiation is expected to continue to be high due to the variety of satellite missions and military activities being carried out worldwide. However, Europe is likely to also offer lucrative opportunities for rad-hard component producers over the forecast time. Markets in APAC are anticipated to record the highest growth rate in the market for rad-hard components. With the latest manufacturing technology and the improving economic climates within China, India, and Japan, APAC will likely experience rapid growth over the next few years.
China is expected to expand at the fastest rate of CAGR the APAC Market for radiation-hardened electronic devices in the year 2019
Key Market Players
The Radiation-Hardened Electronics Market is controlled by a handful of globally established companies like Bae Systems (UK), Microchip Technology (US), STMicroelectronics (Switzerland), and Renesas Electronics (Japan), Honeywell Aerospace & Defense (US) as well as Infineon Technologies (Germany).
|Radiation Hardened Electronics Market Report Scope and Segmentation|
|UNIT||Value (USD Million/Billion)|
|BY REGION||North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa|
Electronics with a high radiation-hardened Market by Component Type:
- Digital and Analog Mixed Signal Devices
- Controllers & Processors
- Power Management Component
Radiation-Hardened Electronics Market by Manufacturing Technique:
- Rad-Hard by Design
- Rad-Hard Process by Process
Electronics with a high radiation-hardened Market By Type of Product:
- Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS)
The effects of radiation Electronics Market by Application:
- Aerospace & Defense
- Nuclear Power Plants
- North America
- The Netherlands
- Czech Republic
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- South Korea
- Australia & New Zealand
- Rest of Asia Pacific
- South America
- Rest of South America
- The Middle East & Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- Northern Africa
- Rest of MEA
- In August of 2020, BAE Systems announced the expansion of the operations of its subsidiary in Austin, Texas, by creating a large campus at Parmer Austin Business Park. Work at the site will consist of new programs and existing business, which primarily includes designing, developing, and manufacturing radiofrequency and electro-optical/infrared countermeasure systems. The expanded capacity will allow the company to fulfill its customers’ commitments and position it to meet the need for essential products in the Electronic Systems business.
- In June of 2019, Microchip Technology, via its Microsemi subsidiary, joined forces with STAR-Dundee to develop an experimental platform for evaluation that uses SpaceFibre technology. It was recently acknowledged by the VITA Standards Organization (VSO) as a control and data plane option for the SpaceVPX interconnect standard. The first to incorporate FPGAs that are not affected by radiation-induced changes to the configuration, The development board utilizes Microchip’s unique design for RTG4 devices to improve performance while also providing systems with a higher level of fail-safety within the space.
- The month of April 2020 was when Infineon Technologies announced the acquisition of Cypress Semiconductor Corporation. The acquisition of Cypress will allow Infineon to focus its attention on growth engines for structural development and offer a more comprehensive array of applications. Cypress offers a different collection of microcontrollers, connection components, software ecosystems, and high-performance memory. The combination of Cypress’s powerful R&D capabilities, as well as its presence within Infineon’s markets in the US and Japan, increases Infineons international reach.
- In December, STMicroelectronics announced the closing of the acquisition in full from Swedish Silicon carbide (SiC) wafer maker Nortel. This will help strengthen STs internal SiC ecosystem, control the increase in the yield and quality of wafers, and help support the long-term strategy for silicon carbide.
- In May of 2019, Renesas Electronics Corporation announced the launch of a new radiation-hardened 16-channel driver, which includes an integrated 4-bit decoder that reduces the weight, size, and power (SWaP) for satellite commands and system for telemetry. The ISL72814SEH incorporates the decoder, the input level shifter, and 16 driver arrays for current within one single IC. This device allows satellite companies to dramatically increase the capacity of their systems and reduce footprint by 50 percent for their medium Earth orbit (MEO), geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO), and highly elliptical or orbit (HEO) deep space mission profiles. | <urn:uuid:facbd289-912a-407c-ada1-a7bc173b5caf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://markwideresearch.com/radiation-hardened-electronics-market/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.931645 | 2,964 | 1.976563 | 2 |
In between moonlighting as a fake architect and latex salesman, George Costanza was once a fake marine biologist. His story defines sitcom lore.
Caught in another lie while walking the beach with a potential girlfriend, Costanza’s supposed expertise was tested by a crowd gathered around a beached whale. He reluctantly waded out to assist. Fifty feet out from shore, an enormous tidal wave threw him on top of the great beast. Face-to-face with the whale’s blowhole, he could tell that something was blocking its breathing. George reached in, felt around, and pulled out the obstruction.
Blocking the whale’s blowhole was Kramer’s infamous golf ball–a Titleist. Cosmo had been driving balls out into the ocean, and one lucky shot had found presumably the only cup in the sea. But we can act like marine biologists too. Could you really score a blowhole in one?
The Sea Was Angry That Day My Friends…
There a few things that we fake biologists have to go on. First, because Kramer was hitting balls off the coast of New York, we know that we are dealing only with whales common to that area. Also, as George described it, we know it was a very large animal. By those criteria, it could have been a blue, humpback, or fin whale
We also know a few things about the dimensions. A Titleist golf ball is about 1.5 inches in diameter, whereas a large whale like a humpback can have a blowhole length from a few inches to nearly a foot (their blowhole are more like ellipses, so the blowhole length, instead of its diameter, is usually measured).
Lastly, and maybe most importantly, we know about large whale anatomy. Baleen whales–the group that includes blue, fin, and humpback whales–have two blowholes, like you have nostrils. But unlike you, these whales can’t breathe through their mouth, so a blocked nasal passage can be a real danger.
So, could a golf ball bring down a giant?
Is Anyone Here a Marine Biologist!?
While we could answer the question the way Costanza would–lying–we could also just ask a real marine biologist. Joy S. Reidenberg, professor in the Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (and famous for her work on the awesome anatomy show Inside Nature’s Giants) is a much better Costanza to ask for help.
According to an email exchange I had with Dr. Reidenberg, it’s doubtful that George could ever realize his fake profession. “A golf ball could fit into one of the nostrils of a large whale, such as a humpback. Whether it would cause an obstruction is doubtful. It’s more likely to get swallowed, but even then would not likely cause stranding or death,” wrote Dr. Reidenberg.
The implausibility of the scene stems from whale anatomy. First, baleen whales have two blowholes, meaning that even if one got completely blocked, the whale could still breathe. Second, if a golf ball did make it into a nostril, it wouldn’t stay there very long. In a best-case scenario for the scene, if the whale inhaled at the exact same time that the ball entered its nostril, the whale “could bring [the golf ball] inside the nostril, but it is unlikely to stay there since all the whale has to do is exhale to dislodge it,” Reidenberg told me. And what an exhalation that would be. Dr. Kristi West, associate professor of biology at Hawaii Pacific University told me in an email that humpback whale sneezes have been clocked at 300 miles per hour. If that blast brought the golf ball with it, it would break the record for the fastest drive by nearly 100 miles per hour.
But like us, if an object made it far enough into the nasal passage to prevent sneezing it out, a whale could be in real trouble. If a large whale inhaled a golf ball into its larynx–with only one path for air, not two like the nostrils–professor Reidenberg noted that the Titleist could act as a ball valve preventing the passage of air from the blowhole to the lungs and suffocate the whale. However, even in this case, the larynx of a large baleen whale is pretty wide. A golf ball doesn’t have the diameter to do serious damage (maybe a softball, Dr. Reidenberg told me) and the whale could probably use its gag reflex to clear it.
A blowhole in one could prevent a proper seal when the whale dives, increasing the risk of drowning. A ball might even be inhaled into the lungs or get close enough to the mouth to be swallowed, and this could dangerously obstruct the intestinal tract. However, in none of these cases could Costanza come to the whale’s aid.
Both toothed and baleen whales have a tongue-like muscle that closes the nasal passageway (called the nasal plug)–preventing seawater from entering the lungs during dives. If the ball stayed above this plug–near the entrance of the blowhole–the whale could simply clear the obstruction with a mighty blast, no fake biologist needed. If the ball got sucked past the plug–”highly unlikely,” says Reidenberg–it would be a problem that Costanza couldn’t fix. In the episode, George claims that he plunged his arm into the whale’s blowhole to remove the obstruction, but this seems impossible. “[His arm] could fit into a baleen whale’s blowhole, but not beyond the nasal cavity and into the larynx. However, I doubt a wild whale would voluntarily let someone do that.” A trained animal may let you work on it, but a wild whale is another story.
“Would you let a stranger poke something down your nose?”
The story of Costanza and the whale remains classic sitcom fiction. In the only situation where George might be able to help, the whale could help itself with the “chuffing”–routinely clearing the blowhole–they do before each dive. Kramer might have been able to sink a blowhole in one, but the luck ends there. Such a small object is unlikely to disable such a great fish. Mammal. Whatever. | <urn:uuid:8e37fb90-0ee9-4bf5-aca8-71561f09e42b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/but-not-simpler/costanza-and-the-whale-could-you-make-a-blowhole-in-one/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.963963 | 1,370 | 2.625 | 3 |
“This is the time of fulfillment. The kingdom of God is at hand. Repent, and believe in the gospel.” (Mark 1:15) Jesus fully reveals God’s plan for us.
From the beginning of the Bible to the arrival of Jesus, God had only slowly revealed himself and his ways to his chosen people, by making promises to them, showing his power, and giving them commandments. Each generation was given a bit more knowledge of whom God is and what he intends for us, with the expectation that they must accept God on his terms.
The time of fulfillment meant that no further revelation of God was necessary: Jesus is God’s full self-revelation. All of history before Jesus was aimed at Jesus’ arrival and mission. All of history after him has the responsibility to respond. Thus, the kingdom of God was and is at hand, immediately in front of those gathered around him. Getting to know Jesus is getting to know our king and savior.
Whenever we encounter Jesus, his kingdom is made real for us. We participate in the kingdom when we accept his teaching and live in a way that is consistent with conversion. He reveals himself to us foremost in the Scriptures and in the Sacraments, with enough ambiguity that we need to make acts of faith and believe he is alive. Our devotion to his Eucharistic presence is one such act of faith.
Repent and believe. Jesus’ words encapsulate the changing of one’s mind, authentic conversion. What do we repent from? From life without God, from sin: those thoughts and actions which are opposed to God’s plan (e.g., pride, wrath, envy, sloth, greed, lust, and gluttony). We choose to believe that God really did give us a plan and commandments to follow, that God really demands total adherence to him alone, and that the gospel is God’s good news, that he is reaching out to us, to rescue us from death and restore us to life, to be close to his people.
~ Fr. Aaron Kuhn | <urn:uuid:e1c58ca9-20a2-4652-b3c5-778838bf510f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://saintanns.net/Resources/News/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/1225/What-does-Jesus-mean-repent-and-believe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.982003 | 436 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Nepal Mountain Academy has all possible means to develop its tailored programs that can practically entice international students to be in the place where mountaineering education can, in essence, impart truly professional education of high academic importance. This paves the path to educational tourism. It can be a strong partner to the concept of sustainable development through educational tourism. Medical sciences and engineering studies programs have already been into this framework and now mountaineering education is going to be sure shot as well. It is developed because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. Educational institutions at home or abroad are the ambassadors to sustainable development programs for they can easily promote the concept once students move out of their usual classroom activities.
In educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to learn about the culture, study tours, or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment, such as in the International Practicum Training Program.
The academy in this light of its academic and training programs can achieve commendable results in short period once its programs come to the floor. Many observable factors indicate that resources may not be a stagnant condition since expertise gathered and developed at a different location and time look forward to being of some use for good and when opportunities are ready knocking at doorstep there are people in this sector extending their friendly hands. The academy has a bright future. | <urn:uuid:4c73a934-96a3-49bc-ae4d-5b17e289f24b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nma.gov.np/pages/articles?id=26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.962793 | 292 | 2.234375 | 2 |
By: Martha Fiske, Physics student
Coffee Beans: Pressure, volume and temperature
Dr Bill Proud is a physicist at Imperial College London during the week and a barista at his wife’s company, Xué Coffee in Cambridge at weekends. In his lecture, at Cambridge University, he linked coffee to Isaac Newton, a dolphin, chickens, plants and machinery. He spoke about the history of coffee, how a droop becomes a roasted bean, and the physics behind some methods of making coffee: mocha pots, cafetières and AeroPresses.
Martha won a book- ‘Sustainable Energy Without The Hot Air’ for her work on physics problems before the lecture. | <urn:uuid:237a7118-ad17-4d41-8ed6-52135812722d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.framlinghamcollege.co.uk/latest-news/physics-lecture-by-dr-bill-proud-physicist-and-barista/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.943826 | 148 | 3.09375 | 3 |
In the earlier articles, I said there was no interaction that I couldn't do, so a student messaged me and said, teacher, can you achieve this 3D effect? I originally wanted to refute her, this is 2D software, but in a fit of rage I made the 3D effect she said.
At first glance, the effect is very dazzling, but in fact, the implementation is very simple. It's just a matter of the moving distance of widgets and the relationship between layers. The main thing is to draw the oblique view cube, because I drew it with Axure and didn't bother to locate it, so it's a little wrong, but don't care about these details, focus on ideas, so you will start thinking like this when you encounter some dynamic effects you want to achieve in the future.
Add a rectangle to the canvas, select the rectangle, and then double-click the side with the mouse to deform it.
As for how to draw correctly, I would also like to know -- students who are good at geometry and mathematics can provide some methods. Anyway, I rely on my hand. Draw three quadrilaterals to form a cube, and then copy the top surface as a shadow.
Then copy six consecutively.
Some students will ask: Teacher, there are only four, why do you need to copy six?
This question is a good question. The main purpose of duplicating the two opposite corners is to know the coordinates of these two positions, so we hide them here and name the following elements as follows:
2. Add interaction
2.1 Add the first move
Move 4 to 3, move 3 to 6, move 1 to 2, move 2 to 5.
The bottom shadow is the same as above. The coordinates can be viewed by clicking on the widget. Here, the movement is linear for 1000ms.
2.2 Adding the second move
By observation, the second move is: move 2 to 4, move 3 to 1. So set the interaction, wait 1000ms, and set it as follows:
Looking at the effect, we found that there is a problem:
When you see this effect, you may be very confused, don't be confused, it's actually just a layer problem, just set it up.
- When moving 2 to 4 positions, 2 should be on bottom.
- When moving 3 to 1 position, 3 should be on top.
Finally, remove the unnecessary text and see the animation is the effect of an infinite loop. In fact, other 3D effects can be achieved with Axure.
In this way, all the settings are completed. If you have any questions and suggestions, please leave a message.
If you like the article, please share it with others with page link, thanks for your supporting!
Well Joe @AxureBoutique, a technology writer and teacher, focuses on Axure prototype design and product design. | <urn:uuid:5bcefa96-169c-4701-b4b1-680b1564f119> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://axureboutique.com/blogs/axure-tutorials/axure-tutorial-how-to-make-3d-motion | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.952622 | 613 | 3.125 | 3 |
Lohbrunner Farm: A Brief Reprieve
Reaching July on a mixed vegetable farm often brings a bit of relief. That may sound strange as a lot of the harvest is only beginning or only starting to come on in earnest — it may seem like things are still ramping up. However, once the Summer Solstice has passed and the days begin to shorten, if you’ve stuck to the planting schedule and stayed moderately on top of the weeds, there is a short reprieve before the huge harvests of August begin to roll in.
By July the fall storage crops are mostly in the ground, the greenhouses are planted and beginning to bear fruit, irrigation is set up for the year, and many crops are getting large enough to hold their own against the ever eager and present weeds. The work is by no means done but the hard work has paid off and the farm has some of its own momentum for now. You get to ride on its’ coattails for a change.
So this is where our farmers at Lohbrunner Community Farm find themselves this strange July. Because, global pandemic or not, our farmers are growing a lot of food (and flowers – food for the soul!) for the surrounding communities this year. We have had to adapt how we do it, and how we sell it. We have had to deal with upheavals and uncertainties in our world and markets (like everyone has this year), but we have thrown ourselves into that work with gusto. Because what else is there to do? We all need to eat, and the soil, with some coaxing and care, is generous and wants to provide. | <urn:uuid:1173c06e-d277-4031-9e7d-27081e46cd26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://farmfolkcityfolk.ca/2020/07/lohbrunner-farm-a-brief-reprieve/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.981962 | 342 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Japanese style is certainly back in vogue and not just in terms of food – their wonderful sushi – but also when it comes to the décor of our homes. If you want to imbue your house with a bit of Japan, then aim for a minimal design and natural materials. The rules are few and they are simple, all you have to do is follow them to the letter to recreate Japanese-style rooms you’ll be proud of.
First of all you need plenty of room, pieces of furniture should have plenty of space between them. Then you need straw mats for the floor and semitransparent sliding paper doors to separate the rooms. And let’s not forget the low tables and big flat cushions to sit on.
The second rule is to use only natural materials, like bamboo and wood. Plants are also very important, as are little Zen fountains and river pebbles.
We can even let our pets eat and drink out of Japanese minimalist style bowls, like Maki. This original accessory for your dog’s meals has an elegant wooden base on which the lovely square bowl with his food rests. The bowls are nice and big and have a special edge that helps keep water or food inside. The bowl is easily removed from the base. What makes this so special is that the base for the bowl has been designed to resemble a classic Japanese table, set on legs above the floor.
The last rule you have to follow to make your home Japanese is to make every room a really relaxing place to be in: from the bedroom to the living room, imbuing every space with peace and relaxation for ourselves and for our guests thanks to the help of a very powerful component: nature. | <urn:uuid:7509939d-cbee-4ded-acc8-b3ec61e25b19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.ferplast.com/en/home-design-japanese-style/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966703 | 351 | 1.65625 | 2 |
(AP) Chronic cocaine use harms brain circuits that help produce the sense of pleasure, which may help explain why cocaine addicts have a higher rate of depression, a study suggests.
It's not clear whether cocaine kills brain cells or merely impairs them, or whether the effect is reversible, said study author Dr. Karley Little. But it's bad news for cocaine addicts in any case, he said.
"I personally wouldn't want to lose 10 or 20 percent of my reward-pleasure center neurons, or have them just deranged or not working right," said Little, of the Ann Arbor, Michigan, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the University of Michigan.
He and colleagues studied brain samples taken during autopsies from long-term, heavy cocaine users. Their results were reported in the January issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry.
Little said the research did not reveal whether the brain impairment resulted from years of use or just recent use before death.
Stephen Kish, head of the human brain laboratory at the Center for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, said researchers have "always considered cocaine to be a dangerous drug" because of its potential for addiction and harm to the heart.
"We now have to add to the list (of risks) a damaging effect of cocaine on the brain, which was something we never expected before," Kish said.
The research provides "a piece of the puzzle" in explaining why cocaine users run a higher risk of depression, said Dr. Deborah Mash, a neuroscientist at the University of Miami School of Medicine.
It remains unclear whether cocaine causes depression or whether people start using the drug because they are depressed. But in either case, Mash said, the study suggests brain changes could "light the fuse" for depression in a cocaine user who is prone to it.
The study also suggests that the brain changes could cause the depression commonly seen during cocaine withdrawal, Mash said.
In the study, Little and colleagues studied brain autopsy specimens from an area called the striatum in 35 cocaine users and 35 non-users of similar age and sex.
They measured levels of a protein called VMAT2, which is found in brain cells that signal each other with a chemical called dopamine. Dopamine neurons form circuits that are critical for the brain to feel pleasure.
The study found that cocaine users' VMAT2 levels were lower on average. That could mean dopamine neurons had been damaged or killed - an effect not observed in animal studies - or that they were making less VMAT2, which suggests they also were making less dopamine, Little said.
A person with impaired or missing dopamine neurons could have difficulty feeling pleasure and might become depressed, said Little, who added that researchers will now compare the number of dopamine neurons in the autopsy specimens.
The study found hints that VMAT2 levels were lower in cocaine users with severe depression than in other users, but statistical analysis suggested this could be a coincidence. Little said the link is strengthened when other data are taken into account. | <urn:uuid:c01664e0-b1a9-4a64-a8d4-a45b9348b93d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cocaine-addiction.org/news1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.959912 | 614 | 2.71875 | 3 |
the connection between stress and blood sugar 10 Day Blood Sugar Detox Diet Snack Food, 2022-03-06 Diabetic Post Meal Blood Sugar scuppernongs and blood sugar Normal To Have Low Blood Sugar Symptoms.
He patted his palm and smiled This is a plan that kills two birds with one stone.
The true fire of stars is Taibi is ability to press the bottom of the box, and its power is infinite.
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Only Buddhism can take advantage of the situation.Poison the people.Zhou Qiqi said Why do not the headmaster scuppernongs and blood sugar simply kill the son of Ming Dynasty and Chen Jiande, and establish a new emperor, would not it be good to rule the world Ling Chong shook his 15 Easy Ways To Lower Blood Sugar Levels Naturally scuppernongs and blood sugar head and said, The three uncles only know one of them, Daming Zhu Clan enjoys the country is Zuo.
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Get started.The boy Huiming said in a low blood sugar ringing in ears sullen voice The matter of scuppernongs and blood sugar sharpening the mind of the Tao is very dangerous, it is all in the primordial spirit, and it is related to the future enlightenment.
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It can protect the disciples from being disturbed by the Six Desires Demon Formation.
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Are not you happy With a low whistle, he shouted, I am going too scuppernongs and blood sugar As soon as the divine light dissipated, it exploded into a brilliance full of air, and it do not go out for a long time, and the primordial spirit disappeared.
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The five true swordsmanships all refer to Chunyang.The hope of cultivating to longevity is also greater.Bailian stroked his beard and smiled without .
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saying a Best Way To Monitor Blood Sugar scuppernongs and blood sugar word.Ling Chong is move is tantamount to buying it for the does crying raise blood sugar two elders, and then agreeing with the same family.
They said in unison, I am here to pay homage to the Bodhisattva A vortex of void appeared on the top of Yinshan Mountain, and a golden Buddha fruit appeared drop your blood sugar fast in it, and there was an immeasurable golden statue.
It not fasting blood sugar levels is a pity that Chang Jing has been hiding in the Heavenly Corpse Realm all the year round, risk of exercise with high blood sugar and the Heavenly Corpse Realm is wandering between the hell and the world, and it is not easy to capture, so it has been wasted for hundreds of years.
Although he was in Xuanmen, he had to pay respect when he entered the Langka Monastery.
At the moment, the flags and flags were still covered by the clouds.The does zinc supplement raise blood sugar immortal governor supplements for high blood sugar was surrounded by wind and rain.Take it, torture it.Meng Shenjun went to find the Immortal Emperor and the Immortal Envoy first, and said It is Meng is zonas para realizar blood sugar test fault to make the Immortal Envoy startle The Immortal Envoy hurriedly said Why did the Immortal Lord the connection between stress and blood sugar Protein Blood Sugar Level On Type 1 Diabetes say such a thing According to the lower officials, scuppernongs and blood sugar the Immortal Lord does not care about life scuppernongs and blood sugar and death, and is an immortal.
The two armies had lost tens of thousands of horses from the battle from early morning to noon.
He does not have the technique of mastering the sword, but the method of Xuanmen is meditation to open up to Zhou Tian.
When Meng Shenjun died, in the Nine Heavens Immortal Tower, above the Demon Suppression Tower, Si Shou Huantian was using his mind to scuppernongs and blood sugar 15 Easy Ways To Lower Blood Sugar Levels Naturally scuppernongs and blood sugar urge the Demon Suppression Tower to scuppernongs and blood sugar refine the body of the Six Desires Yin Demon.
There was a vague exchange of a tripod and a seal, and he do not know who to fight with.
Speaking of which, I should salute you.It is Ling Chong is indeed regarded as the contemporary headmaster of the Taiqing Sect, and is approved by the prophecy of the ancestor Yin Ji.
Obviously, Jidu Xingjun is not a reckless man.The seven fingered giant palm was smashed to pieces, and the broken fingers flew.
Xue non fasting blood sugar normal Mang succeeded in the sacrifice training, he could not help laughing wildly, and then he hummed, a corpse king waiting for the imperial corpse to be sacrificed completely, Rao is a generation of Xuanyin, but also consumes a lot of life essence, Xuanyin Yuanshen was in blood sugar ranges for hypoglycemia a trance for a while, When you are busy, you can collect the boundless corpse gas in this world and refine it to replenish vitamins and minerals beneficial for controlling blood sugar yourself.
The leprechaun is known as a practitioner of both mysterious and demons, and in the end, it is also pure yang, which is not like Ling Chong.
Chen Zizong immediately convened all the officials in the cabinet to discuss countermeasures, and asked the new emperor to issue an imperial decree, open the warehouse and release food, and provide relief to the people.
Situ Huayin smiled and scuppernongs and blood sugar said, Even if this method has future troubles, it is still stronger than the one who is the red hot chili peppers blood sugar s coming together The three ancestors of Xuanmen each gave a wink, and Weiyong said This is scuppernongs and blood sugar Other Reasons For High Blood Sugar Besides Diabetes a big matter.
Instead, he deliberately cooperated with Grandma Hua to sacrifice the blood river demon embryo.
This is the five elements.Among them, the magical use of gold to produce water.Between the water thoughts, it condenses into water epinephrine blood sugar level waves, and with is 89 a good blood sugar level a slight swirl, it has sucked the golden thunder from dozens of miles around Meng Shenjun is complexion neonatal low blood sugar changed, only to feel that his thunder energy was inhaled by the water, and it was wiped out.
Can not gestational diabetes high blood sugar after 1 hour and after 2 hours be dispelled, if not solved is always a big flaw.It happened to borrow the power of Xingchen True Fire to introduce it into the flag, and it burned well in one of the five components.
There is an ambush around the peak, and scuppernongs and blood sugar if you encounter someone from Langa Temple or Xuannv Palace, you only scuppernongs and blood sugar need to block 15 Easy Ways To Lower Blood Sugar Levels Naturally scuppernongs and blood sugar one or two, so that they can not wait to meet the demon ancestor Yuan Jian laughed loudly and said, Brother Master, this is a great plan It is a great deal Junior Brother Fuyu, you and I will act separately He turned into a sword light and walked away.
Bai Wuchang will raise the mourning stick.He scuppernongs and blood sugar put away the chains, went into battle bare chested, stretched out two huge palms, grabbed one end of Xuehe, blood sugar test at 116 and pulled it into his arms.
The Xu Dao Sect and others will not miss this opportunity, and will definitely come to embarrass him.
Fang Youde scolded and shouted, Damn He Wanshou He bowed to the golden talisman and shouted, Please scuppernongs and blood sugar full time blood sugar monitor be merciful to the Bodhisattva A sigh came from the golden talisman.
This high insulin levels but normal blood sugar matter can only be slowly figured out, which is why fasting blood sugar of 125 he agreed to join forces with the Heavenly high blood sugar uncontrolled bowel movement Corpse Cult Master.
The devilish energy receded like a tide, scuppernongs and blood sugar and even Hu Ben could not catch up.
Where He asked Ling Chong is yin blood sugar reading of 279 god body.Ling Chong said I am equipped with the magic soul devouring supernatural power, so it is not easy to approach the camp, lest I be noticed by Duan Kexie.
The next a1c and sudden decrease in blood sugar levels three points of human destiny and luck blood sugar 1100 are still left to the two armies to fight.
The Blood God Daoist scuppernongs and blood sugar sneered and said to himself, Before, I turned against the Blood River, and the fellow saw the opportunity early and went Best Vitamins To Lower Blood Sugar the connection between stress and blood sugar to Hua Chenglu, and it was not easy to start.
This is .
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his strongest state.After all, he is blessed by Leitu is divine power, so if two Meng Shenjun join forces to defend against the enemy That man stepped on the galaxy and almost opened the Star Dou Great Array.
He only eats two vegetarian cakes and a pot of tea.Ling Chong was too lazy to beat around the bush, and secretly transmitted his voice to him, Chen Zizong is eyes moved, his face was completely silent, and when the generals were finished eating and drinking, he sent them out, leaving only the servant girl to serve.
The blood in urine and sugar three hundred and sixty five star fields 15 Easy Ways To Lower Blood Sugar Levels Naturally scuppernongs and blood sugar have turned into clusters of starlights to wreak havoc.
Bright, calculated the changes in the Star Dou Great Array.Daoist Juechen is scuppernongs and blood sugar Other Reasons For High Blood Sugar Besides Diabetes measuring ruler also attracted the attention of Taiwei Star Master, who sneered and said, I have long wanted to learn Daoist Juechen is scuppernongs and blood sugar Blood Sugar Random Levels magic power, but today I finally scuppernongs and blood sugar got my long cherished wish It is scuppernongs and blood sugar a pity that this world of reincarnation is good at reckoning.
He practiced the Daoist method taught scuppernongs and blood sugar by Huntian, and he was on the same path with Meng Shenjun.
The light of the sword was like lightning and thunder, and in the blink of an eye, it had already made a savage bump with the Lei Xian Jinchuan The golden boat was hit hard by the cloud scuppernongs and blood sugar cutting sword, and in the sound of clattering, the water and golden light were all shattered, revealing the hull of the six storey inner hull, and the entire golden boat was smashed and flew out But the cloud cut sword vented its fierce power, and it also became invisible, and again disperse into boundless water vapor.
The blood river demon embryo also has its own plans.It is born from the innate origin of the blood river, and it scuppernongs and blood sugar is also a stream of innate demon gods.
Juechen is self consciousness has been broken, and the primordial spirit does not exist.
The giant sword was pitch black, like the water in the north.The sword body was trapped in an infinite amount of the connection between stress and blood sugar Protein Blood Sugar Level On Type 1 Diabetes water vapor, condensed with a mysterious Dao mark, and cast it into a sharp long sword.
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Above the extreme sky, as the Buddha is light between the brows and brows of the Dharma nature spews more and more, infinite visions appear all over his body, such as golden scuppernongs and blood sugar Other Reasons For High Blood Sugar Besides Diabetes lotus, golden sugar blood pallette lamp, flying sky, yingluo, scuppernongs and blood sugar Other Reasons For High Blood Sugar Besides Diabetes treasured umbrella, treasured sword, treasured vase, whisk and other Buddhist magic weapons and instruments appearing one Best Way To Monitor Blood Sugar scuppernongs and blood sugar by one.
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Today, before the catastrophe comes, I Best Vitamins To Lower Blood Sugar the connection between stress and blood sugar can bring the spark seed Best Way To Monitor Blood Sugar scuppernongs and blood sugar in the door, escape from the world, and stay away from this world Fuzhen glanced at Taixiang Wuyuan Palace from a distance, and saw that the palace occupies a very large area, and the treasure inside is faint, and it is indeed unpredictable.
Pinch flat The boy Huiming exclaimed, Shangyu can not make it Ling Chong said in a deep voice, There are still best foods to sustain blood sugar variables Hai is eyes were originally gloomy, but suddenly the starlight burst into the sea.
Meng Shenjun ranks first, Zuo Shenjun second, and scuppernongs and blood sugar the remaining scuppernongs and blood sugar two gods are even more mysterious.
Unfortunately, the Five Gu Gods used Shen Shenxiang, which made him drowsy for a while.
Like a big wave hitting a ship, it will capsize at any time.Ling Chong and Sha Tong responded to Zhang Suijian, Zhang Sui really cared about his elder brother is blood sugar 6 range injury, and guarded him, but did not fight.
The group of demons is easy to avoid, and all evils are not invaded There are three ancient magic treasures in Zhengyi, each of which has the power of earth shattering and different mysteries.
As soon as the Sun Talisman appeared, he immediately had a subtle induction with the Sun Star.
He knew that this thing must be Yin Jiufeng is own secret biography, scuppernongs and blood sugar maybe it was Relying on it to isolate the devil, it is possible to cultivate the six desires and the devil as a man.
Ling Chong supplemented the yin and yang is qi fish eyes with two innate gods, so that the yin and yang qi also had the innate nature, and the two black the smart blood sugar plan and white signs of low blood sugar after eating qi immediately When he became restless, the invisible breath wandered around unsteadily, and it took a long time to return to the dull.
The wonderful meaning is that there is a difference between the days before and after, but they belong to each other.
Road, it is complementary to each other.Bai Lian was stunned, took the treasure furnace in his palm, and heard Guo Chunyang say again Second Senior Brother, go here to help you, be sure to kill either Chang Jing or Xue Man, or let the world see me too The prestige of the Xuan School Let the demons know that evil is invincible and it is scuppernongs and blood sugar definitely not empty talk There was a slight red light on Bai Lian is scuppernongs and blood sugar face, and he gave a salute, but the flame of his body disappeared.
Between the sound of the connection between stress and blood sugar the sword, the Nine Heavens Immortal Sound really stopped abruptly, Ling Chong snorted, and the sound of the sword kept flying scuppernongs and blood sugar forward. | <urn:uuid:42d05982-c9f7-4f69-8c88-2f7af6a59539> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.reverie-bd.com/normal-blood-sugar/scuppernongs-and-blood-5w7-sugar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.943099 | 4,140 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Collecting data provides little value to farmers unless that data can be turned into meaningful insights. That was the conclusion of a panel discussion organised by Map of Ag at the Cereals event 8th & 9th June, 2022.
A range of dynamics were coming into the play, the panel concluded, which meant farmers were going to be increasingly asked for access to their data. But it was important those farmers could understand why sharing their data was necessary, and what benefit it would bring them.
Pressure from the agrifood chain to meet sustainability targets was one example and Map of Ag’s Head of Sustainability Hugh Martineau explained there was now growing evidence that retailers and processors were not only wanting data to measure “scope 3” emissions of their farmers suppliers for their own purposes, but also wanting to provide those farmers with dashboards and advice to help them improve on-farm performance and a lower carbon footprint.
In the banking sector, Oxbury’s Tim Coates explained there was a need for lenders to understand the sustainability credentials of their loan book, and that his bank was looking at offering preferential or bespoke deals to borrowers who could evidence good sustainability credentials.
The panel, which also included Cambridgeshire farmer Tom Martin and the NFU’s Director of Policy Andrew Clark, acknowledged there was a lot of noise in the sector around data, and carbon trading in particular, and that there was an opportunity for the public and private sector to come together to land on a more coherent set of metrics around which the industry could coalesce.
It was also important there was agreement on the way in which data is shared, Mr Clark added. “We need a code of practice that applies to both public and private providers. It’s our members’ data that’s being collected and it’s a bit of a wild west out there.”
Developing a data strategy for the farm was something Mr Martin was starting to focus on. “We don’t have a strategy but we are developing one. We are trying to get as much value as possible from the data and looking to the future at what we are going to have to baseline that might become increasingly relevant, without wasting money.”
Actionable data had the potential to influence change on the farm, Mr Clark said. “Data will have a role in triggering behaviour. But if you have a wall of data there’s little value unless a farmer can understand where they can change a decision because of what the data’s telling them.”
Data could allow you to experiment, Mr Coates added. “Change one variable and see what the outcome is. That’s data. That’s actionable insight.”
Tying the right data together was important, Mr Martineau explained. “For example, it could provide meaningful insight such as nitrogen use efficiency and help growers identify in-field areas that could be taken out of production.”
Security of data and trust in how and where was being used was also a theme. “There have been historical examples of sharing data where farmers have felt penalised for doing so,” Mr Coates said. “Fundamentally it is the farmer’s data. It’s important data is used in partnership with the farmer.”
In terms of developing a data strategy, Mr Martineau concluded it was important to prioritise the data to collect and make sure that it was meaningful. Looking further ahead he said there needed to be more consistency across the industry regarding key performance indicators, and more support to get farmers on the journey to creating a data strategy for their farm.
Map of Ag’s Pure Farming data integration platform is helping to bring useful data together and allowing farmers to control where and how their data is used. You can find out more at purefarming.com
< View more articles | <urn:uuid:115b6e97-09a8-47c1-a086-d2590fc22146> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mapof.ag/data-needs-to-meaningful-otherwise-there-is-no-value-in-collecting-it/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.979434 | 813 | 1.8125 | 2 |
CDC: Don’t Eat Any Kellogg’s Honey Smacks Cereal
A week after a salmonella outbreak was linked to a Kellogg's cereal, the government is now expanding their warnings.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention says that if you have any Honey Smacks cereal, you shouldn't eat it regardless of its size or "best if used by" date. The advisory had initially only applied to 15.3 ounce and 23 ounce boxes of Honey Smacks with a "best if used by" date between June 14, 2018 and June 14, 2019.
Last week, Battle Creek's Kellogg Company recalled Honey Smacks within that criteria. They have not yet announced an expanded recall, and it's not known if they will do so. When announcing the initial recall, Kellogg said they began investigating the third-party manufacturer who produces the cereal, after they were contacted by the CDC and the Food and Drug Administration.
The CDC says that the Honey Smacks are linked to an outbreak of salmonella affecting 73 people in 31 states. They say of the 39 people they interviewed, 77% of them reported eating cold cereal, while 14 people specifically mentioned Kellogg's Honey Smacks; that's more than any other cereal or food item.
Salmonella is a bacteria that can cause symptoms of diarrhea, fever, and cramping, and lasts for a few days. Most people should recover without treatment, but children, the elderly, and those with weak immune systems can face more severe illness. | <urn:uuid:35e5196b-b359-40d0-829d-aaa97de3c338> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kalamazoocountry.com/honey-smacks-recall-expanded/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969458 | 312 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Eurovision is back!
The 2016 Eurovision Song Contest saw Ukraine beat rivals Russia in the tense final in Stockolm, Sweden last May.
Now, everyone's attention is for this year's competition and we've got everything you need to
Singer Jamala triumphed in 2016 with her stellar performance of her track 1944 - which means the next Eurovision competition is heading to Eastern Europe.
When is the Eurovision Song Contest 2017?
The Eurovision 2017 final is on Saturday, May 13 and will air live.
TV coverage of the competition will start on the RTE One from 8pm.
Where will it be held?
Acts competing across the globe will come together at the International Exhibition Centre in Kiev, Ukraine.
Who will host?
2017 marks the first time in the history of the competition that the event will be hosted by three men.
The new Eurovision hosts are Oleksandr Skichko, Volodymyr Ostapchuk, and Timur Miroshnychenko.
The 2017 presenters are familiar faces on Ukrainian television and come with a wealth of experience.
Did Ireland make the final?
Brendan Murray performed Ireland's entry 'Dying To Try' at the second semi-final on Thursday and did not secure enough votes to make it through.
How many countries are competing in Eurovision?
A total of 43 countries will take part in this year's Eurovision Song Contest - including Romania and Portugal who return after a year’s absence.
Which countries are in the final?
As well the UK, Italy, Spain, Germany and France qualify for the Grand Final automatically.
Host country Ukraine also automatically qualifies.
After Tuesday’s semi final, they’ll be joined by Moldova, Azerbaijan, Greece, Sweden, Portugal, Poland, Armenia, Australia, Cyprus and Belgium.
Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Israel, Norway , Austria, Denmark, Hungary, the Netherlands and Romania went through from the second semi.
And if you’re wondering where Russia is – they pulled out last month.
What's the running order?
1. Israel - IMRI with I Feel Alive
2. Poland - Kasia Mos with Flashlight
3. Belarus - Naviband with Story Of My Life
4. Austria - Nathan Trent with Running On Air
5. Armenia - Artsvik with Fly With Me
6. The Netherlands - OG3NE with Lights And Shadows
7. Moldova - Sunstroke Project with Hey Mamma
8. Hungary - Joci Papai with Origo
9. Italy - Francessco Gabbani with Occidentali's Karma
10. Denmark - Anja with Where I Am
11. Portugal - Salvador Sobral with Amar Pelos Dois
12. Azerbaijan - Dihaj with Skeletons
13. Croatia - Jacques Houdek with My Friend
14. Australia - Isaiah with Don't Come Easy
15. Greece - Demy with This Is Love
16. Spain - Manel Navarro with Do It For Your Lover
17. Norway - JOWST with Grab The Moment
18. United Kingdom - Lucie Jones with Never Give Up On You
19. Cyprus - Hovig with Gravity
20. Romania - Ilinca ft. Alex Florea with Yodel It!
21. Germany - Levina with Perfect Life
22. Ukraine - O.Torvald with Time
23. Belgium - Blanche with City Lights
24. Sweden - Robin Bengtsson with I Can't Go On
25. Bulgaria - Kristian Kostov with Beautiful Mess
26. France - Alma with Requiem | <urn:uuid:87603d67-d7f8-4fe3-ad38-c0c3e2f24280> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dublinlive.ie/whats-on/music-nightlife-news/what-time-eurovision-song-contest-13020803 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.863783 | 765 | 1.523438 | 2 |
We're sorry to say that a very popular harmonica, the Hohner Blues Band, has been adversely impacted by the pandemic shutdowns and supply chain delays. While we have a small supply and receive some shipments, please expect possible delays in filling orders.
Harmonicas were among the novelties widely advertised for Christmas in 1833; by the mid 1800's, cowboys played harmonicas on the long trails west and many a Civil War solider had a harmonica in his pocket. A staple of early American mail-order catalogs, harmonicas are still heard today in nearly every form of popular music.We package Hohner harmonicas with our own history insert in a poly bag with a history insert. Choose from the Hohner Blues Band harmonica in a soft cardboard box (brown insert card) or the Hohner Old Standby harmonica in a ahard plastic box (blue insert card). Both are in the Key of C.
This is a musical instrument, not a toy. Recommended for adults and children aged 6 years and above. | <urn:uuid:117e823d-824c-4dc3-8eab-e080b681cab0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://coopermanhistorylives.com/products/hohner-harmonicas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.946843 | 219 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Some physicists are convinced that they will eventually be able to formulate a theory that will link all the existing theories about the basic forces of the universe – electromagnetism, nuclear forces, and gravity: a “Theory of Everything” . . .
A Theory of Everything! Wouldn’t that be great,
If only it could be attained?
You’d put in the numbers and, after a wait,
The universe would all be explained!
But a theory must always be proved, so you make
Observations to try to reject it;
For as long as you do that and find no mistakes
You can use it – but always suspect it.
The basis of theories can only be what
Has frequently happened before:
If you see something happening the same way a lot,
You can formulate it as a ‘law’.
Yet, however consistent your law seems to be,
Remember it’s based on the past;
Don’t ever confuse it with reality –
That problem is simply too vast,
Your brain’s not equipped with the bits it would need
For such metaphysical stuff.
Your theories will work for you, that I’ll concede,
But somehow they’re not quite enough . . . | <urn:uuid:7f893333-1624-4bad-af51-e7aa70a17ab5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://geoverse.co.uk/2001/04/17/in-theory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.940046 | 271 | 2.09375 | 2 |
IOWA STUDENT NAMED NATIONAL YOUTH AMBASSADOR BY CAMPAIGN FOR TOBACCO-FREE KIDS7/21/2020
One Iowa student has been named as a National Youth and Young Adult Ambassador by the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids for demonstrating leadership in fighting tobacco use in her community.
This young leader was among 133 youth and young adults from 33 states who participated in the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids’ Digital Advocacy Symposium, a five-day online training session focused on building advocacy, communications and leadership skills.
The Youth and Young Adult Ambassadors will work with the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids to advocate for effective policies to reduce youth tobacco use at the federal, state and local levels. These policies include ending the sale of all flavored tobacco products, including flavored e-cigarettes that are addicting a new generation of kids.
The Youth and Young Adult Ambassador from Iowa includes:
Courtney Sweet, 14, is from Johnston, Iowa and an incoming high school freshman. Locally, she is involved in the Iowa Students for Tobacco Prevention and Education Executive Council and has been involved in tobacco control for two years. Fueled by her experiences with seeing her peers vape while having little education about its harms, Courtney hopes to utilize her time as an Ambassador to raise awareness in her community and advocate for stronger tobacco control policies.
“We are thrilled to welcome this new class of Youth and Young Adult Ambassadors, whose passion and leadership will help us create the first tobacco-free generation,” said Matthew L. Myers, President of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. “Young people are critical voices in the fight against tobacco because they speak from experience about how they are targeted by the tobacco industry. Policy makers should listen and support strong policies to protect our kids, including a prohibition on all flavored tobacco products.”
While the United States has greatly reduced youth smoking, use of e-cigarettes among young people has skyrocketed in recent years. From 2017 to 2019, e-cigarette use more than doubled among high school students (to 27.5%) and tripled among middle school students (to 10.5%), according to the 2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey. More than 5.3 million kids used e-cigarettes 2019 – an increase of more than 3 million in two years. Sweet flavors like gummy bear, mint and mango have fueled the popularity of e-cigarettes among kids.
Other flavored tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars, are also popular among youth. The tobacco industry has a long history of targeting kids, Black Americans and other groups with marketing for menthol cigarettes and other flavored products, with devastating consequences. More than half of all youth smokers today – including seven out of ten Black youth smokers – smoke menthol cigarettes.
Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, killing approximately 480,000 people and costing about $170 billion in health care bills each year.
In Iowa, 5.6 percent of high school students smoke traditional cigarettes, while 22.4 percent use e-cigarettes. Tobacco use claims 5,100 lives in Iowa each year.
The Youth and Young Adult Ambassadors were selected through a competitive application process and participated in the Digital Advocacy Symposium to become powerful advocates for change. In addition to gaining advocacy and communications skills, these young leaders learned about how tobacco use is a social justice issue because of tobacco-related health disparities due to the tobacco industry’s longtime targeting of minority populations. | <urn:uuid:50979f98-4310-4c79-a964-db4142e2cfcf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dmcityview.com/just-released/2020/07/21/iowa-student-named-national-youth-ambassador-by-campaign-for-tobacco-free-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.947971 | 720 | 1.84375 | 2 |
The Dawn of a New Year
Recently I was asked what has sustained me during this year of turmoil, upheaval, and – for many – tragedy. My answer boils down to one word: Faith.
Throughout this long political season of conflict and controversy, I have had faith in our country. I believe in the vision of our Founders to “form a more perfect union” by creating a government flexible enough to adapt to the conditions of war, recession, depression, and now lately a pandemic. Here we are intact today, 244 years after we declared our independence, having survived a pandemic and an extremely contentious political season. That’s something special.
I have faith in my fellow human beings. Men and women all over the globe have been tested during this difficult year. Yes, there are horror stories of people acting badly, but there are many more stories of nobility, of men and women who faced the challenge and rose to meet it with their very best – the health care workers who showed up day after day to provide care for those stricken by the pandemic, and for all others whose “ordinary” illnesses suddenly carried a heightened risk; the police officers, fire fighters, and other emergency responders who continued to serve our communities day in and day out, again facing an increased risk every single day that the person they rescued or the criminal they arrested might be carrying a deadly virus; and the everyday heroism of retail and warehouse workers who kept all of us supplied.
Above all I have faith in God. I recognize the difficulty in reconciling an all-merciful Father with the daily suffering we see all around us; and yet I do believe that amidst the chaos there is a Divine Logic that one day we might understand and accept. There is an old saying that “God writes straight with crooked lines.” We’ve seen a lot of crooked lines this year; someday I am certain we will see the true meaning that came of these seeming scribbles.
Like just about everyone, I’ll be happy to say goodbye to 2020. But I have faith that 2021 will be better.
Patrick J. Wood | <urn:uuid:4f3f71ad-ba62-44f4-8c28-a4051552fac2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stevenspoint.news/2020/12/31/the-dawn-of-a-new-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969149 | 443 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Toe-tapping jazz, funk and rock ‘n’ roll was not what a couple hundred teenagers expected to hear from a string quartet Friday.
Alyssa Lee, an eighth-grade L.J. Allmean Arts Academy student, expected her class would be listening to classical music on its field trip to see the Turtle Island Quartet at the Acadiana Center for the Arts.
“When I heard them I didn’t know it was strings, because of all the different types of techniques and sounds,” Alyssa, 13, said.
The quartet was made up of a cellist, violist and two violinists who fused classical and contemporary American music styles. It interpreted the sounds of other instruments — drums, bass guitar, guitar and piano — in its performance.
The Turtle Island Quartet is no stranger to Lafayette. The group, which has won two Grammy Awards, made its first appearance in the city at the 1988 Festival International de Louisiane.
“For a string quartet to win anything in the Grammys is great,” cellist Mark Summer said.
Quartet member David Balakrishnan described his violin and bow as beautiful Italian and French craftsmanship.
“Another way to look at this is it is just a hollow wooden box,” he said, looking at the violin then holding up the bow, “and this is just a stick.”
The quartet demonstrated classical music and launched into original arrangements of music by Bob Dylan, Charlie Parker and Jimmy Hendrix. Along the way they stopped to talk to students.
“People have been grooving out on these instruments for a very long time, and what we do is take those techniques and make them contemporary,” violist Jeremy Kittel said.
Students from Alleman, Broussard Middle and Lafayette High schools attended the performance. Some students called it “awesome.”
Coleen Hebert, a 17-year-old Lafayette High student, said the performance would keep her motivated as a violinist. Alleman sixth-grader Blair Williams was clearly enthusiastic.
“That’s the kind of music that I like,” the 12-year-old cellist said. “You can feel the groove.”
The performance for students was the first performance of the day for Turtle Island.
“We were really excited to bring in the kids,” Mary Morgan of Friends of Elmore, LLC, said. She is married to artist Elmore Morgan.
The quartet played a second concert presented by Friends of Elmore on Friday night. The concert benefited The Elmore Morgan, Jr. Visual Arts Endowment.
The Friends of Elmore was founded last year to fund raise for the endowment and increase its visibility, artist Herman Mhire said. Although the endowment has promoted visual arts, Mhire hoped the concert would increase interest. It might be the first of annual concerts. | <urn:uuid:8ebd3746-8dcb-4639-8574-f8de3b1a3cc3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.turtleislandquartet.com/lafayettes-the-town-talk-reviews-us/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.96847 | 623 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Dating Tip of the Month Dating Etiquette Eye contact is crucial when dating so it is good etiquette to provide as much attention as possible to your date. They should feel that they are the only person in the room. If you use the date as an excuse for general partying you have failed!
General Dating Tips
1. Ask Your Date Powerful Questions Asking powerful questions is important in finding out about the other person. For example, you can use words such as what, where and how. These kind of words cannot lead to a simple yes or no answer. Instead they give the other person the opportunity to give a more comprehensive answer. Apart from that you may need to ask more specific questions at certain times. For example, if she says ‘I’ll call you soon’ you may want to ask something like ‘When should I expect a call’. Asking for more specific information will avoid misunderstandings!
2. Reality Checks Before you judge the other person, be aware that your beliefs and values are based on your reality, which doesn’t mean your beliefs and values are right or wrong. We are all different and your date’s beliefs and values may not match yours. Knowing and understanding this will make you more flexible and understanding of others, including your dates.
3. Avoid Assumptions Unfortunately, assuming is something we do a lot. So, instead of thinking ‘She/he is probably doing this to blah, blah, blah…’, ask! It’s better to find out than to do guess work. And, if the other person doesn’t seem to respond to you straight away, it doesn’t mean that he or she isn’t interested. Perhaps they just need to get to know you better before they demonstrate any kind of interest.
4. Build Rapport with Your Date Rapport is the presence of trust, harmony and co-operation in a relationship. If you have rapport with a person you will make them feel like your ally, your partner. You can create rapport by creating commonalitites! You can do this by matching their language, breathing, gestures, facial expression and voice.
5. Be Confident Confidence can open many doors for you. When you are confident people will have more trust in you and your abilities. Even, if you don’t consider yourself to be a confident person….ACT AS IF YOU ARE! | <urn:uuid:a7950e4f-59bc-419f-b768-33e454f4a7d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.xfactordates.com/tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936785 | 501 | 1.601563 | 2 |
This fact sheet explains South Dakota allows childhood immunization exemptions based on religious belief, but is only one of 31 that do not allow philosophical exemptions. Minimum immunization requirements for entering school or an early childhood program in South Dakota are then reviewed, and research on the effectiveness of vaccinations is shared. Charts are included that illustrate South Dakota and the nation had a 93% rate of polio immunization in 2012, South Dakota trails the surrounding States in any vaccination, and that South Dakota and Wyoming are tied for the lowest percentage of children receiving four doses of DTaP in the surrounding States. Finally, vaccine myths are debunked. 5 references.
Do you have something you think is appropriate for the library? Submit Library Resources. | <urn:uuid:b1667175-3e44-4d74-ad43-beb5660dbb6c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fatherhood.gov/research-and-resources/facts-kids-south-dakota-childhood-immunizations?f%5B0%5D=%3A244&f%5B1%5D=%3A254&f%5B2%5D=resource_topic%3A93&f%5B3%5D=resource_topic%3A247&f%5B4%5D=resource_type%3A53&f%5B5%5D=resource_type%3A64&f%5B6%5D=source%3A66 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.932845 | 163 | 2.859375 | 3 |
ROME (AP) — Israel and Turkey on Monday announced a reconciliation deal to end a bitter six-year rift between the Mideast powers.
In Rome, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the deal would help bring "stability" to the turbulent Middle East. His Turkish counterpart, Binali Yildirim, made a simultaneous announcement in Ankara.
Relations between the once-close allies imploded six years ago after an Israeli naval raid killed nine Turks, including a dual American citizen, on board an aid ship trying to breach Israel's blockade of the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip.
After the raid, the countries withdrew their ambassadors, largely cut security ties and have since maintained only low-level diplomatic relations.
Under Monday's deal, Israel and Turkey will restore full diplomatic relations, with ambassadors expected to return within several weeks.
Israel will pay $20 million in compensation for the families of people harmed in the naval raid, and it will allow Turkey to deliver aid to Gaza through an Israeli port and to carry out a series of development projects in Gaza, particularly in water and electricity.
Netanyahu said it is a "clear" Israeli interest to help resolve Gaza's water and electricity woes.
In return, Turkey agreed to prevent legal claims against Israel over the raid, and to prevent any military action or fundraising in Turkey, Netanyahu said, in an apparent reference to Hamas. Turkey remains close ties with Hamas, an Islamic militant group that is sworn to Israel's destruction and is labeled a terrorist organization by Israel and the West.
Even in their announcements, the two countries appeared to be at odds.
Yildirim said the deal, which will allow Turkey to deliver aid to Gaza and engage in infrastructure investments to construct residential buildings and a hospital and to address energy and water shortages in Gaza amounted to a partial lifting of the Gaza blockade.
"The total embargo imposed on Palestine and on the Gaza region in particular, is to being lifted to a great extent through Turkey's leadership," Yildirim said.
He said a first Turkish ship, carrying more than 10,000 tons of aid, would depart for the Israeli port of Ashdod on Friday.
"With this deal, the process of returning ties to normal has begun," Yildirim said.
Netanyahu, meanwhile, said the blockade remains in place. He called the blockade a "top security interest."
The Israeli leader spoke in Rome, where he earlier in the day held talks with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry. The U.S. top diplomat welcomed the agreement and congratulated Netanyahu. He said the U.S. has been working on the rapprochement for several years, and called it a "positive step."
Netanyahu also said the deal would give a big boost to the Israeli economy by opening the key Turkish market to Israeli natural gas exports and by providing a gateway to the European market as well.
Israel imposed the blockade after Hamas seized control of Gaza in 2007. Israel says the measures are needed to prevent Hamas from importing weapons. The sides have fought three wars since the Hamas takeover.
Critics of the blockade say the measure amounts to collective punishment. Gaza's economy has largely come to a standstill as a result of the blockade, which greatly limits the flow of people and goods in and out of the territory. Egypt, which has cool relations with Hamas, has also kept its border with Gaza closed, compounding Gaza's woes. | <urn:uuid:a9dbda69-c78f-412d-85ed-4b77c09df745> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newschannel5.com/news/national/israel-and-turkey-to-normalize-realtions-with-reconciliation-deal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.963003 | 703 | 1.710938 | 2 |
“Nationalism, Democracy and Socialism”
|Category: Inoffensive Centrist Democracy|
Regional Influence: Superpower
Location: Asia Pacific Economic Group
World Census officials visited a range of government departments and recorded how frequently bribes were required to complete simple administrative requests. | <urn:uuid:fd331688-3807-4324-a7f7-b40605887d04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://antiquity.nationstates.net/nation=ascendas/detail=trend/censusid=51?world=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.834911 | 93 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Samoan family walking clubs, a radical solution to a dangerous intersection and a hunt for the Gruffalo are among the winners of this year’s Golden Foot Awards.
The biennial awards ceremony is held by Living Streets Aotearoa to celebrate projects that help to promote walking - in cities, in the country and every day.
The six winners were presented with their award by Associate Transport Minister Julie Anne Genter in a celebration at Parliament in Wellington. They were:
- The Gruffalo Explorer - a walking tour for children in Christchurch’s Bottle Lake Forest, where they hunt for the popular book character
- Henry Hill School Travel “unplan” - a community-based effort to tackle unsafe roads outside its local school
- Hemo Gorge project near Rotorua - once the fourth most perilous intersection in New Zealand, now a roundabout with art, cycleways and walking paths
- Fernridge Walking School Bus - a rural community creates a safe walk to school
- Walking Samoans - clubs make walking a “must do” social event for Samoan families
- Auckland Business Case for Walking - putting a dollar value on time spent walking so this can be assessed in major transport projects
“These projects have one thing in common - they’re finding new and clever ways to get Kiwis out every day being active,” Living Streets Tumuaki Tuarua Ellen Blake says.
“Some of them show communities getting together to solve problems and finding innovative, low cost solutions.
“Others are led by council or government agencies who ‘get’ the value of walking in building safe, sustainable communities.
“We’re thrilled to present such a strong group of winners, and hope their work inspires other groups around Aotearoa New Zealand to get out of their cars and into their walking shoes.”
For full bios of the winners please visit livingstreets.org.nz - coming soon | <urn:uuid:21ce4ab5-2009-49c3-a981-ebefb4513581> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.livingstreets.org.nz/node/5003 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936004 | 410 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Native to the Southwestern region of North America, the Jojoba plant has been used for centuries for its significant healing properties. The beautiful, golden hue of its “oil” is a sacred ingredient for all skincare and personal use. Jojoba oil differs from most carrier oils because its chemical makeup is not the same as “fats”. It's actually composed of long-chain monosaturated liquid wax "esters". This means that’s not an “oil” and is considered a wax.
Its mainstream popularity began once sperm whale hunting was banned. Jojoba Oil is similar in its chemical structure to sperm whale oil which was used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products before the turn of the 20th century.
Jojoba Oil is gentle and resilient. The chemical structure of Jojoba Oil is almost identical to the wax esters we produce from our skin. This decreases risk of irritation and can be applied onto any skin type. It’s an extremely stable ingredient which means that it has a long shelf life and can withstand high temperatures. Take a look at TKB's Jojoba Oil and try it in your next batch!
The O'odham gave the Jojoba plant its name and found great healing properties within the plant's nut. A paste was created and used to treat burns while providing antioxidant support (source). This shows how Jojoba Oil has the ability to stimulate collagen production in our skin. Please read this article if you're interested in learning more about the historical use of Jojoba Oil by Indigenous communities.
If you want to get started with incorporating Jojoba Oil into your batches and/or skincare routines, try using it straight from the dropper or to dilute your favorite essential oils.
It's also a great binding agent for pressed eye shadows and other powders. | <urn:uuid:8708b645-b993-4d16-84bd-767201a957e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://support.tkbtrading.com/hc/en-us/articles/360026914111-TKB-Featured-Product-Jojoba-Oil | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.958584 | 387 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Biosimilars are here to help, really
Set biosimilars free to increase patient access to therapy by reducing costsMay 18, 2020
If large employers had switched to biosimilars a couple of years ago, they could have already saved an average of $1.5 million each in drug spend.¹ This is according to a study reported in the emagazine, StatNews.
We’re pleased to report that Prime’s Blue Plan clients are starting to deliver those savings to employer groups.² But there is still much more to do.
Since 2015, the FDA has approved 24 biosimilars for nine reference biologics. But only 12 of those had been launched, as of the end of 2019. And those biosimilars had small market penetration.¹
- Why so few approvals?
- Why have so few of those few launched?
- And why the slow market uptake?
These questions will be covered in articles over the next couple of weeks.
Generics paved the way
Remember, before there were biosimilars, there were generics. In 1984, the Hatch-Waxman Amendments were passed to encourage prescription drug competition by providing a path for generic drug approvals.3,4 Drug companies applied to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with the abbreviated new drug application (ANDA). The ANDA showed that the generic drug’s active ingredient was same as the brand-name product’s.5
The FDA’s approval process required clinical studies showing that the generic drug performed the same way as the brand-name drug in the human body.
Once approved, the FDA certified that the generic drug is the same as the brand-name drug in dosage, form, safety, strength, route of administration, quality and performance.³
Generic drugs = brand-name drugs3,4
Generic drugs have produced tremendous savings for consumers: $293 billion in 2018 alone. (the last year for which numbers are available). More than 90 percent of all prescriptions filled in the United States are generic drugs. Yet these generic prescriptions amount to only 22 percent of drug costs.6
These savings didn’t happen all at once. In fact, it started out kind of slow, for reasons that will be in the next article.
Comparing generics and biosimilars
Generics are to brand-name drugs, what biosimilars are to biologics.
Almost. Biosimilars don’t have quite the same relationship to biologics that generic drugs have to brand-name drugs. But biosimilars are still an important way for improving patient access to specialty drugs and reducing costs.7
The generic drugs that launched in the ‘90s and ‘00s were all small-molecule drugs. These drugs all have small, basic molecular structures. Their chemical make-up is compact. They have a simple mechanism of action, and the manufacturing process is straightforward; few steps are needed.7
Biologics are large molecule drugs. Biologics can be thousands of times larger and have complex mechanisms of action. They are living cells or complex proteins, and are often genetically modified in some way. The biologic manufacturing process is elaborate and multi-faceted.7, 8 Relatively speaking, generics were much easier to produce.
25 years after generics, biosimilars get their own Act
The Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) of 2009 defined the biosimilar category of drugs.8 Like the Hatch-Waxman Amendments, it created a passing lane on the approval’s roadmap; this time for biosimilars. Drug manufacturers use the abbreviated biologic license application (ABLA) pathway for a biosimilar that is similar to a biologic reference product. Similar. It won’t be identical, like a generic. But similar still gets the job done.
Biosimilars deliver the same quality as the biologic reference product.5 Between a biosimilar and a biologic reference product, there are no clinically meaningful differences in dosage, form, safety, strength, route of administration, purity or potency.
Biosimilars and their reference products: No clinically meaningful difference
It’s in the name. Biosimilar. It’s similar, but not equivalent. It won’t be identical. The large molecule is too complex. An ABLA must include data that shows biosimilarity to the reference product. The manufacturer provides the comparison data that demonstrates its biosimilarity. The manufacturer prepares this data in a stepped approach, as described by an FDA guidance document.9,10,11 The FDA may ask for more data on a case-by-case basis before approving an ABLA. (In the generic ANDA, the paperwork is specific and finite.)
Not just one, but TWO kinds of biosimilars
The BPCIA also named a second pathway, for interchangeable biosimilars. The dual pathways – biosimilars and interchangeable biosimilars – have caused some confusion.
An interchangeable product has a much higher bar. It is expected to produce the same clinical result as the reference product in any given patient. Also, for products administered to a patient more than once, the risk in terms of safety and reduced efficacy of switching back and forth between an interchangeable product and a reference product will have been evaluated.
Then, an interchangeable biosimilar product may be substituted for the reference product without the involvement of the prescriber.
For this interchangeable biosimilar pathway, the FDA can ask for yet again even more additional studies focusing on how the drug moves through and affects the body. Interestingly, the FDA has not provided guidelines on the technology or documentation needed to demonstrate a biologic is interchangeable.12,13
Agencies and governments agree, that demonstrating an interchangeable biosimilar is beyond today’s technology.13 There is a marked reluctance to attempt to apply for an approval within this biosimilar category.
Appropriately, the marketplace currently has its focus on the first biosimilar pathway.
Biosimilars are just beginning to make an impact
The 12 biosimilars launched in the U.S. represent just a fraction of the potential biosimilars market. The market has been cautious, looking for more regulatory guidance and leadership. The FDA’s Biosimilar Action Plan of 2018 had many sound elements, but progress is slow. Forward motion gets bogged down by more urgent, systemic health care issues.
Prime provides its clients with strategic information about the drug pipeline on an ongoing basis. Prime’s Medical Business Committee involves clients in the decision-making process on new specialty medicines, including biosimilars. It’s at those meetings where we have made multi-million dollar biosimilar recommendations for clients.
- Large employers could have saved money if more biosimilars had been prescribed, By ED SILVERMAN, April 2, 2020. STAT NEWS. Accessed at: https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2020/04/02/biosimilars-biologics-drug-prices-
- Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984. 21 U.S.C. § 355 (1984).
- Grabowski H, Long G, Mortimer R, Boyo A. Updated trends in US brand-name and generic drug competition. J Med Econ. 2016;19(9):836-844. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2016.1176578.
- Abbreviated new drug application (ANDA). FDA. Updated May 22, 2019. Accessed November 14, 2019. www.fda.gov/drugs/types-applications/abbreviated-new-drug-application-anda.
- The Case for Competition: 2019 Generic Drug & Biosimilars Access & Savings in the U.S. Report, Association for Affordable Medicines. Accessed at: https://accessiblemeds.org/sites/default/files/2019-09/AAM-2019-Generic-Biosimilars-Access-and-Savings-US-Report-WEB.pdf
- Generic drug facts. FDA website. Updated June 1, 2018. Accessed November 13, 2019.www.fda.gov/drugs/generic-drugs/generic-drug-facts.
- What is a biosimilar? U.S. FDA. Accessed at: https://www.fda.gov/media/108905/download
- FUTURE ONCOLOGY. VOL. 15, NO. 3. REVIEW Comparative immunogenicity assessment of biosimilars. Thomas Schreitmüller, Bettina Barton, Artem Kharkov & Georgios Baals. Published Online:3 Oct 2018. Accessed at: https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2018-0553https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/fon-2018-0553
- Gazania AA, Baggio G, Caputi AP, et al. Biosimilar drugs: concerns and opportunities. Biodrugs. 2007;21:351-356. Accessed at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18020619
- Mulcahy AW, Hlávka JP, Case SR. Biosimilar cost savings in the United States: initial experience and future potential. Published 2017. RAND Corporation website. Accessed at: rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/perspectives/PE200/PE264/RAND_PE264.pdf
- Scientific considerations in demonstrating biosimilarity to a reference product: guidance for industry. FDA website. Published April 2015. Accessed November 14, 2019. www.fda.gov/media/82647/download.
- Report: Emerging Health Care Issues: Follow-on Biologic Drug Competition. Federal Trade Commission Report, June 2009. Ftc.gov.
August 4, 2022
This monthly pipeline wrap-up provides a review of newly approved specialty drugs, recent…
August 4, 2022
This monthly pipeline wrap-up provides a review of newly approved traditional drugs, recent…
July 26, 2022
We often have the impression that advancing and leading in your career requires… | <urn:uuid:ad1d7d03-86fe-4425-b77c-6ec537f73a5c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.primetherapeutics.com/news/biosimilars-are-here-to-help-really/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.893327 | 2,230 | 1.65625 | 2 |
The Human Planet
This week: a review of a new book by photographer George Steinmetz with essays by Andrew Revkin. “The Human Planet: Earth at the Dawn of the Anthropocene” is a collection of stunning photographs of our planet taken from above. The photos are evocative, powerful, emotional and stunning encapsulations of Nature and, for better and for ill, the aspirations of civilization.
The Human Planet: Earth at the Dawn of the Anthropocene is a collection of astonishing images of our planet from above, taken by photographer George Steinmetz, with essays and captions by journalist, teacher, and environmental advocate Andrew Revkin, released in April by art publisher, Harry Abrams, New York. You must discover this book for yourself at your local independent bookstore. I cannot show you the pictures, but I can quote and paraphrase briefly from the text.
The primary, strategic characteristic of Steinmetz’s photographs, Revkin writes in his Introduction, is: “vantage point… the overview effect (that) describes a special sense of awe and deep respect for our planet experienced by astronauts as they have observed Earth first from orbit and then from the moon. That feeling of reverence derives mainly from how Earth’s expanse of blue, green, and white glows, in miraculous, sobering contrast, against the blackness and vacuum of space.”
In the chapter, Our Dynamic Earth, Revkin describes: “the face of the planet (that) still holds vestiges of many early chapters, from craters formed by meteorite collisions to ancient hulks of 1.7-billion-year-old rock that rise like the rusting superstructures of time- worn battleships from South America’s seas of forests and savannas.”
Landmarks that we take for granted as static geographic or ecological features are newborn on planetary timescales. Their stories are also extraordinarily interconnected, with many of today’s deserts formed of sand transported by long-vanished rivers. And that sediment is still in motion. Scientists recently found that, over millions of years, iron-rich dust blown west from the vast Sahara Desert acted as fertilizer for the marine organisms that built the white calcium carbonate Bahama Banks on which the islands of that name sit today. When that African dust is flowing west a mile or two high over the Atlantic, it can disrupt hurricanes before they grow to threaten the Caribbean; some of this dust flows on from its sere source to fertilize the humid forests of the Amazon basin thousands of miles away.”
In the next chapter, Harvesting the Biosphere, Revkin writes:
“In the warm interval since then, something in the human story profoundly changed. The domestication and spread of rice and millet starting ten thousand to seven thousand years ago, along with early irrigation canals, waves of deforestation and other landscape changes, and the spread of our livestock, left a growing human mark. Then came a cascade of innovations in mining and metalworking, forges and furnaces, machinery and weaponry, wind power and waterpower. Seas were conquered. Peoples were conquered. Some species were hunted to the vanishing point, while invasive hangers-on [like rats] spread with us, amplifying ecological disruption.”
And finally, in the last chapter, The Human Footprint, he concludes:
“Humanity is rapidly becoming an urban species. If cities, throughout human history a distinguishing mark of the human footprint on Earth, are designed well, ongoing urbanization can be a powerful driver of sustainable development. If urban influxes result in the kind of suburban sprawl that was typical in the mid-twentieth century, cities will remain part of the problem, not a path to a balanced relationship between people and the planet.”
Revkin offers persuasive argument, but Steinmetz provides the evocative power, through images of seaweed islands and sand dunes, coral reefs and waves, wind towers, fishing fleets, and floating cities, that by their inclusive distance literally shock our emotions , by the hand of Nature and the aspirations of civilization. This book is filled with contained revelation and emotion; it takes the slow, meditative turning of the pages to release this power into our selves, one stunning photograph at a time. It’s all there for the seeing. | <urn:uuid:e425aca1-7117-4600-a7fa-cd57220d47aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thew2o.medium.com/the-human-planet-75bb35045b53?source=post_internal_links---------6---------------------------- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936406 | 897 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Our Financial Terms Glossary will allow you to discover the most frequent economic terms, phrases and words, plus the meaning for lots of appropriate terms. An adjustable-rate home loan that features a collection initial interest for the first 12 months. The mortgage rate adjusts each year after that period. Each yearly price adjustment is predicated on (or “indexed to”) another price, usually the yield on a U.S. Treasury note. an adjustable-rate home loan that has a collection initial interest for the first ten years. From then on duration, the home loan price adjusts every year. a rate that is adjustable by which none associated with the re re payments get toward paying down the mortgage principal when it comes to very very very first 3 years.
3-in-1 Credit Report
Also known as a credit that is merged, this sort of report includes your credit information from TransUnion, Equifax and Experian in a side-by-side structure for simple contrast. A mix of an 80% loan-to-value mortgage that is first a 10% house equity loan and a 10% advance payment. The loans can help get rid of the significance of personal home loan insurance coverage.
Back-End Ratio or Right Straight Back Ratio
The sum your month-to-month mortgage repayment and all sorts of other month-to-month debts (bank cards, automobile re payments, student education loans, etc.) split by the month-to-month income that is pre-tax. Usually, lenders wouldn’t offer individuals loans that increased this ratio past 36%, nevertheless they usually do now. The entire process of going all or the main outstanding stability on one charge card to some other account. Credit card issuers frequently provide unique prices for transfers of balance.
Balance Transfer Fee
The cost charged clients for moving a highly skilled stability from one bank card to a different. Card problems provide teaser prices to encourage transfers of balance. That loan in which the payments don’t repay the main in complete by the end for the term. Once the loan term expires (usually after 5-7 years), the borrower must spend a balloon re re payment when it comes to amount that is remaining refinance. Balloon loans often consist of convertible choices that allow the rest of the add up to immediately be transported into a mortgage that is long-term. ( See ARM that is convertible
A proceeding that legally releases an individual from repaying a percentage or all debts owed. Bankruptcy damages your credit for 7-10 years and may simply be thought to be a resort that is last you simply can’t repay the money you owe. (See Chapter Bankruptcy that is 7-13 title associated with the FICO rating from Equifax. You will find several thousand somewhat various credit scoring formulas utilized by bankers, loan providers, creditors, insurers and merchants. Each rating may differ notably in exactly how it evaluates your credit data.
Home financing that schedules payments every fourteen days rather than the standard payment that is monthly. The 26 bi-weekly re payments are each add up to one-half of a payment that is monthly. The end result is the fact that home loan is repaid sooner. The quantity home financing broker is purchased serving once the middleman from a lender and a debtor. This premium arises from the surcharge a brokerage relates to a discounted loan before providing it up to a debtor.
The in-patient that is asking for the mortgage and that will result in paying it back once again. The one who is given a charge card and/or any authorized users https://badcreditloanshelp.net/payday-loans-ms/raymond/. a loan required from your own creditor, frequently by utilizing your charge card at an ATM device or through that loan advance in your paycheck. These loans consist of unique rates of interest charged regarding the quantity of the advance.
Cash Loan Fee
A fee by the bank for making use of bank cards to have money through the cash that is available. This cost could be stated with regards to an appartment per transaction charge or a share of this amount of money advance. An innovative new mortgage for a preexisting home when the quantity borrowed is higher than the quantity of the mortgage that is previous. The real difference is directed at the debtor in money as soon as the loan is closed.
Chapter 7 Bankruptcy
A kind of customer bankruptcy where your obligation for the debts is cleared totally. With this particular style of bankruptcy you aren’t needed to pay off debts you owe from before your filing. To be eligible for a Chapter 7 bankruptcy your revenue must certanly be below your state’s income that is median. Chapter 7 bankruptcy filing documents stick to your credit history for a decade as well as the record of each account contained in your filing will stick to your report for 7 years. a type that is complex of frequently filed by companies that want to restructure their debts. A form of bankruptcy especially for farmers and fishermen. Just like Chapter 13 bankruptcy however with several benefits that are special. | <urn:uuid:79c168d3-29c1-410f-bffb-3e07e1d7f898> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://melbournepartyandeventhire.com.au/a-fee-because-of-the-lender-for-making-use-of-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.961962 | 1,056 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Free Download Chemistry Test Data / Books by Names
Free Download Chemistry Test Data and Exams Material / Books of all Disciplines that include: MCQs, Definitions, Important Terms, Problems with Solutions, short question answers and long questions answers, brief notes to detailed descriptions of Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Applied Chemistry, General Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Agricultural Chemistry, Drugs, and Medicinal Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Textile Chemistry, Biochemistry, A Level Chemistry, IGCSE Chemistry and other Chemistry Exams Material / Books for competitive exams preparation as well as college/university entrance tests (GRE – GAT- GMAT- CAT- ECAT- MCAT- MDCAT- GCSEs – BMAT- UCAT- UKCAT) in pdf. These Chemistry documents and files are not our property and are not hosted on our servers. These Exams Materials / Books are copyright material of their respective publishers/organizations. At ChemistryDocs.Com. we only share external download links of these Exams Materials which we found during internet browsing. We check the genuineness of these download links and share at our portal that is; ChemistryDocs.Com.
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1. Chemistry MCQS PDF Files
2. Free Download Test Your Chemistry by Dr. Haq Nawaz Bhatti 2nd Edition
3. Comprehensive Chemistry Jee Advanced K.L Kapoor (2019)
4. KIPS Chemistry Aptitude Test Book with Answer Keys
5. A-Level 1000 Chemistry MCQs
6. Universal Self Scorer Errorless Chemistry 2019 Vol 1&2
7. Complete Chemistry by K.L. Kapoor
8. Conceptual Inorganic Chemistry by Prabhat Kumar
9. Problems and Solutions in Organic Chemistry by Subrata Sen Gupta
10. 500 AP Chemistry Questions to Know by Test Day by Mina Lebitz
11. Triumph Chemistry Based On Standard XI & XII Syllabus
12. Chemistry: Concepts and Problems: A Self-Teaching Guide by Clifford C. Houk, Richard Post
13. Advanced Problems in Physical Chemistry for Competitive Examinations by Neeraj Kumar
14. Objective Chemistry for JEE MAIN
15. Chemistry: Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy II by J. E. Parker Tutorial Questions and Solutions
16. Fundamental Concepts & MCQs in Chemistry by Dr. Muhammad Asif Hanif
Note: Kindly Like and share our Social Media pages so that a maximum of people interested in Chemistry can find useful data from this web portal. | <urn:uuid:63058218-8cc2-42e0-9488-764b87848b9c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chemistrydocs.com/chemistry-test-data/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.832638 | 666 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Loofah Dish Washing Eco-Sponge (3 pack)
100% biodegradable and compostable Eco-Sponges for washing dishes.
Expands in size and softens in water to work like a typical dish sponge, but without the plastic waste.
- Zero Waste.
- Made from loofa plants.
- 3 pack.
- The double layer loofah sponge is stiffer than the single layer but still softens in water.
- Cotton loop for hanging to dry.
- Use in the shower/bath or in the kitchen- truly multipurpose!
For best longevity, rinse clean and squeeze dry after using, then place it in a dry spot where it can drain. If you leave it damp it will grow bacteria and mold, since it's made from natural plant fiber. We recommend replacing it every month with a fresh one.
You can sanitize the sponge by microwaving the damp sponge for 20 seconds, or dipping in boiling water. Sanitizing and cleaning your sponge can help extend the life of it.
Once you're ready to replace your sponge, compost the old one or bury it in the garden. It is completely biodegradable, made of natural plant fiber and doesn't contain any plastics or synthetics.
Earth-friendly alternative to: conventional sponges, which are made with foamed plastic polymers.
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Meet the Maker
Me.Mother Earth is a husband and wife team from Las Vegas, NV. "We are not experts at plastic-free & sustainable living and face the same challenges that everyone else does, but we are SO incredibly passionate about our Mother Earth, learning more, and educating those around us. We live the lifestyle as best we can and we are learning everyday. We donate to ocean conservation and other environmental organizations too- Let's make some real change together!" | <urn:uuid:effa4889-023b-4cbe-b08c-df642a672873> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://saltandsirena.com/collections/plastic-free-alternatives/products/loofa-dish-washing-eco-sponge-3-pack | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.92115 | 417 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The Regional Directorate for the Environment and Climate Change has issued a warning for bathers to be aware of a ‘large presence of jellyfish’ in the waters around Madeira.
It would appear that there are several species enjoying the warm weather and lockdown, and warn those swimming off the beaches of the island to be aware as jellyfish have “potentially stinging and venomous tentacles.’
If you are stung – do not rub the affected area; do not wash with fresh water or alcohol; do not apply compresses; instead wash with sea water and carefully remove, using gloves, any tentacles glued to the skin; apply baking soda mixed in equal parts with sea water. In the case of the Portuguese Man O’ War instead of water and baking soda, apply vinegar.”
If in doubt, seek medical advice.
info at madeira-weekly.com | <urn:uuid:23f62274-8844-444d-a170-8e625c78cea7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://madeira-weekly.com/2020/05/23/jellyfish-alert/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.923694 | 191 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Traffic Data Acquisition Vorarlberg
A new basis for traffic planning and road construction decisions and measures
In the federal government of Vorarlberg, vehicle data are permanently recorded at 58 road counting stations. The acquired counting data are available to the regional government administration for future planning as well as for the creation of traffic management strategies. A new web application, as already implemented in other Austrian federal governments, will now valorize the collected data to their best possible use: the "Traffic Data Collection Vorarlberg".
Usability, performance, reliability and security are main requirements for developing the new software - possibilities for aggregation and evaluation of the collected data will be raised to a new level. The development for master data management is based on our well-proven framework. The definition of counting points displayed and their properties can be flexibly adapted to the requirements of the application.
Thus, with PRISMA expertise, a user-friendly web app is now also being created for the federal government of Vorarlberg - as the fourth governmental administration in Austria - which offers flexible analyses and filter options. The daily traffic data collected from various sources can also be visualized dynamically - by tables, diagrams or on the map - and can be exported in many common formats.
Implementation is planned already from June 2022 on. This means that regular operation will already take place before the end of 2022! | <urn:uuid:526fa61c-dc73-4d99-b364-ba3627ee0e1c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.prisma-solutions.com/en/aktuelles/show/traffic-data-acquisition-vorarlberg | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.93916 | 279 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Visualizing US Household Incomes using Carto
November 28, 2018 - All
I have always been really fond of maps in general and I never miss out on any opportunity to play around with them. The moment I was introduced to the tool Carto and I was shown its powerful abilities to help visualize geo-spacial data, I immediately felt the need to experiment with it and explore its set of features. As a graduate student who would soon be looking for jobs, I thought it would be a good idea for a project to analyze US household incomes across various geographical regions and figure out what places pay well, and hence I set out on searching for a good dataset for this topic.
My very first source of inspiration for this project was WNYC’s Median Incomes Across the US. This visualization displayed how the incomes varied across various regions with the use of a color scale. I was able to clearly differentiate between these regions and I found the use of mouse-hover to display the median income in a box to the top-right, quite useful. The hover box was non-intrusive and would immediately update on changing the pointer location to another region. The color scale, however, did not completely seem intuitive to me, as orange depicted the lowest incomes, green – about average and blue, the highest. My mental model did not agree with this color mapping for some reason and I always felt the need to look at the scale again.
The next and the most helpful source of inspiration for my project was ArcGIS’s 2012 Median Household Incomes in the United States. This visualization used a very good color palette to differentiate high median incomes from lower ones, and I could immediately understand it at first glance. I found the use of pop-overs on clicking on a region to display more information, very helpful. These pop-overs not only displayed how many households were within that region for which the median income was generated but also displayed a distribution of the number of households across various buckets of income ranges. I also thought that the website’s use of click-interaction on the map made more sense than a mouse-hover interaction due to a large amount of data that had to be displayed for each region. Furthermore, the bar charts that displayed the distribution of incomes was interactive, which also required the pop-over to be open until the user manually dismissed it.
Carto – A Software as a Service (SaaS) platform that provides ‘Geographic Information System (GIS)’ and ‘Web Mapping’ tools for displaying in a web browser. I used this tool to create my final visualization using geospatial datasets.
Microsoft Excel – A spreadsheet software by Microsoft, part of the MS Office suite. I used it for viewing the dataset CSV files and understanding them before plugging them into Carto.
My primary dataset was found on Kaggle – US Household Income Statistics. This consisted of over 32,000 track and geographic household income statistics. This dataset did not require any cleanup as such, but there was some bad data in the counties column, so I decided to ignore it while creating my visualization.
Feeding the dataset into Carto
Although the first step would be to upload the acquired dataset into Carto, I wanted to examine the dataset beforehand to understand what all I could leverage for my project. I, therefore, opened it in Microsoft Excel and went through all the columns carefully. Upon inspecting the data, I found that some of the columns were not required, so I simply deleted them in Excel. Finally, I uploaded this modified file to the datasets section in the Carto interface. The first iteration of my visualization came to life once I chose to display data on the map and vary the size by ‘mean household income’. However, the results weren’t favorable as all I could see was ugly humongous dots all across the map of the United States of America. These points were also of the same color, and there was no way to distinguish between them. This visualization, therefore, needed many improvements in order to make it more usable.
Improving the usability of the visualization
Firstly, I had to reduce the size of the monstrous blobs on the map and to remedy this I used the size feature and set the minimum size to 1 and maximum to 15 so that there is not too much variance. Furthermore, I also set the number of buckets to 7, so that the range of mean household incomes are split up into more buckets of smaller ranges, hence showing more variation in the different points on the map. I also experimented with colors combinations for the map and the various dots on the map based on mean household income. I found that a good contrast was obtained by using a dark colored map in the background and vibrant blue dots that would stand out. Also, I set the colors of the dots to vary from a very light shade of blue for the lower mean incomes to a darker one for the wealthier. For this again, I used 7 buckets to show more variation, similar to how I had done for the size. These changes really helped improve the usability of the visualization as all the points were clearer and differentiating between them was easier.
Adding Boundary Layers
The dataset I obtained from Kaggle had household incomes by neighborhood and I wanted to expand the visualization to include a method to compare values by Zip Code, County, and State. To do this, I had to make use of the layers feature of Carto and a kind of dataset known as a ‘shapefile’, that consists of boundaries (Shape) of the geographical regions of interest. I found these shapefiles from the United States Census Bureau – US States, Zip Codes and Counties. I added these as layers to the Carto visualization and used the ‘aggregation’ method to collect all the data points contained within each of the shapes/boundaries. For instance, Carto automatically captured all the neighborhoods that came within the New York state boundary and calculated the average of the mean income of all these points. The same process was followed for Zip Code and County boundaries. Finally, I also followed the same color scheme that would vary on the mean of the household incomes over 7 buckets for each of the additional layers. The purpose of maintaining the same color scheme was for the users to easily understand what each color signified without having to rethink or refer to the legend.
Adding interactive pop-overs
As I was heavily inspired by ArcGIS’s 2012 Median Household Incomes in the United States and its detailed pop-overs I decided to add interactivity to my visualization as well. I added an on-click pop-over to every layer so that if the user were to click on a neighborhood point, a zip code, a county or a state in the respective layers, it would open up a pop-over showing more details about that region. I added details like ‘State’, ‘City’, ‘Mean Household Income’ etc. which would vary based on the layer selected, so as to make the popovers useful.
Finally, to have a guide for the users to refer to, I added a legend for each layer which would describe the color variation and also the size variation (applicable only to the Neighborhoods Layer) to describe what they meant for each.
View the full-fledged US Household Incomes Visualization in your browser (Carto)
The result of all the above steps and several other tiny tweaks and refinements is as follows, presented layer-wise (Neighborhoods, States, Counties, Zip Codes) –
Overall, we can see how the incomes are quite high in the California Bay area, as well as the New York City region. The mid-west is less populous than the East and the West coasts (Can be observed by the lower count of points in that region in the ‘neighborhoods’ layer) and has a lower mean household income than them. The lowest mean income state is Mississippi with $48,924, while the highest is Connecticut at a whopping $89,509 (Surprisingly, it’s not California as I had anticipated!). It is interesting to note that both New Jersey and Connecticut have a higher mean income as compared to New York state, which I feel is mostly due to the fact that many people that work in New York City commute from the other two states. Also, the primary contributor to the mean income of New York State is New York City, while the rest of the state is quite sparsely populated, with a lower overall contribution.
If we were to zoom in to the New York City area, we can see how the incomes vary between the five Burrows and their surrounding areas. It is evident that Manhattan has a much higher mean household income than Queens and Brooklyn. But it can also be seen that some parts of Brooklyn like Dumbo and Brooklyn Heights also have high mean incomes, very much comparable to that of Manhattan. It is also interesting to see how the East Village side of Manhattan is lower on the income as compared to the rest of it, and heading North towards the Bronx also drastically pulls down the mean incomes. Similar to the New York City area, we may make use of the visualization to zoom in to any other point of interest on the map of the US and compare the incomes.
You may also view the full-fledged US Household Incomes Visualization in your browser (Carto).
Reflection & Future Direction
Carto has become my favorite geo-spacial data visualization tool ever since I started exploring it and worked on this project. I love how easy to use the interface is and I am particularly fond of the many features it offers.
However, there are a few pain points I experienced while using it. One of them that I feel is worth mentioning was the lack of the ability to set the layer selector to show just one layer at a time. My visualization’s main purpose was to allow users to compare household incomes by neighborhood, zip code, county, and state, and the only way this is possible is to isolate these as their individual visualizations. Having any two or more layers overlap would not make any sense and completely defeat the purpose of the visualization. Therefore, having only a single layer selected at a time was very important, and without this feature, users need to manually select a new layer and deselect the previous layer to make complete sense of the visualization. Hopefully, Carto adds this feature in any upcoming versions.
Overall though, I feel that my project allowed me to get a good idea about how the household incomes vary across states, counties, zip codes and neighborhoods. For the future, I believe it would be a great idea to find a dataset about the cost of living index of each region so that I can use it along with the household income and figure out how wealthy (or not) they are. | <urn:uuid:2f448120-08a2-45e1-ae32-931fcf8c971b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://studentwork.prattsi.org/blog/2018/11/28/visualizing-us-household-incomes-using-carto/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966462 | 2,259 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Today in research: a missing link in lager beer, ecstasy as a cancer-killer, the invention of cooking, Tea Party psychology, and revisiting treadmill running shrimp
- After decades, researchers identify the missing link--in beer. You have to admire the persistence of evolutionary geneticist Chris Todd Hittinger, who spent five years wandering around the globe looking for the ingredient that makes German lager beer "crisp-tasting." He found it, a form of yeast, in Patagonia recently. Humorously, the Los Angeles Times feature recounting this quest reads like Hittinger was searching for the fountain of youth: "We knew it had to be out there somewhere," he says in triumph. [The Los Angeles Times]
- Tea Partiers may not be pleased about this. A sociology professor from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill led research surveying 4,500 registered voters in North Carolina and Tennessee in order to define the belief set of those who are sympathetic to the Tea Party. The study found that Tea Partiers value deference to authority, fear change, harbor negative values toward immigrants, and have a very strong libertarian streak. TPM's Josh Marshall quipped earlier today: "I coulda told you that." [Associated Press]
- Take a guess how long humans have been cooking. If you spit-balled about 1.9 million years, your guess would be right in line with what Harvard researchers just concluded. That long-ago date has something to do with why humans evolved to have smaller teeth: "As early humans learned how to cook, they no longer needed large back teeth to chew tough food, or had to spend hours chewing to gain enough calories," The Guardian described. [The Guardian]
- The other things about Ecstasy. Previously the drug MDMA had been suggested for those suffering with post-traumatic stress disorder. New research now finds that a modified version of the drug "could kill some types of blood cancer cells," reports Healthland, which also cautions: "the problem with using a drug like MDMA to fight cancer is that the dose would have to be so large, it would kill the patient." Which is why a University of Birmingham researcher is developing an experimental drug with a lower dosage. [Time Healthland]
- Shrimp running on a treadmill, revisited. Sometimes, researchers get singled out for how they choose to spend their time and funding. And Biologist Lou Burnett and crew may be an infamous example, as NPR recounts: they were testing how shrimp react to water quality and made a video showing one running on a treadmill. The study was flagged by Sen. Tom Coburn, who said that the project was an example of government waste. In a new article, NPR spoke with Burnett, who defended the study and was "irritated" by the waste implication: "The senator's report was misleading, says Burnett, 'and it suggests that much money was spent on seeing how long a shrimp can run on a treadmill, which was totally out of context.'" The offending video is below. Unfortunately the internet had its fun and we found a version with the Benny Hill theme song attached. [NPR]
This article is from the archive of our partner The Wire. | <urn:uuid:6189bff0-0bca-455a-bd80-03eee95d39e6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/08/beers-missing-link-tea-party-psychology/338243/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.968421 | 659 | 2.71875 | 3 |
14:47 | 16/12/2020 Events
The second Joint Committee under the European Union (EU)-Vietnam Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation Framework Agreement (PCA) met online on 15 December 2020.
The Joint Committee recalled how, since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1990, EU-Vietnam cooperation has evolved exponentially, spanning across many important domains such as foreign policy, trade, environment, energy, science and technology, good governance, as well assecurity and defense.
The celebration of the 30th anniversary of EU-Vietnam relations happened in unprecedented times, where COVID-19 transformed the global landscape and created the necessity for enhanced global cooperation. The EU and Vietnam agreed to further strengthen their partnership, both bilaterally and within multilateral fora, to uphold the international rules-based order and promote peace and prosperity through a sustainable recovery.
The Joint Committee reviewed challenges in Vietnam and in the EU, as well as regional and international developments. They highlighted their respective engagement in the areas of connectivity, environment and climate action.
The EU and Vietnam welcomed the launching of the EU-ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Strategic Partnership during the Vietnamese ASEAN Chairmanship at the ministerial meeting on 1 December 2020.This will give both partners the opportunity to step up their engagement in support of effective multilateralism and the rules-based international order. It will also provide a platform for regular Summit-level talks.
The EU greatly appreciated the opportunity given by Vietnam – Chair of ASEAN 2020 - to attend the Guests of the Chair Programme and the 10th Anniversary ceremony of the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus (ADMM+) held on 9 and 10 December 2020. In the Ministerial Meeting, the High Representative had highlighted the EU’s solid track record of security cooperation with the ASEAN region, from supporting peace processes in the region, to increasingly close cooperation on maritime security, cyber-security and counterterrorism.
The Joint Committee discussed the state of play and next steps in the implementation of the different agreements underpinning EU-Vietnam relations, notably the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, the Framework Participation Agreement, the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement and the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT)-Voluntary Partnership Agreement. The Joint Committee also discussed the necessary measures in Vietnam to fight Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. The EU encouraged Vietnam to further efforts to implement the European Commission’s recommendations on IUU fishing. Vietnam hoped the yellow card warning would be lifted soon. The EU reiterated its availability to continue cooperating with Vietnam in this matterin the framework of the bilateral IUU formal dialogue.
The Joint Committee also exchanged views on the focal sectors of the development cooperation programme 2014-2020, notably sustainable energy, governance, and the rule of law. They reviewed proposals for cooperation in the field of human rights, including implementing accepted recommendations under the Universal Periodic Review and International Convenant on Civil and Political Rights. The EU hoped those important recommendations would be implemented soon.
The EU delegation was led by Mr. Gunnar Wiegand, Managing Director for Asia and Pacific in the European External Action Service. The Vietnamese delegation was led by Mr. To Anh Dzung, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs.
The next Joint Committee meeting is expected to take place in Hanoi in 2021. | <urn:uuid:4fc2019b-206f-469e-a379-0c92f4fd0123> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ven.vn/eu-vietnam-joint-committee-holds-second-meeting-online-44131.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.928665 | 698 | 1.609375 | 2 |
International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept., International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, &, and Review Department
This paper reviews the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT) interest rate structure for the period July 2019–June 2021. Since the interest rate mechanism was first established in 2009, no interest has been charged on PRGT credit. In line with the package of reforms proposed in the parallel Review of LIC Facilities, this paper proposes to align interest rates on the SCF with those on the ECF. Based on the average SDR rate over the most recently observed 12-month period, the proposed revised interest rate mechanism would result in zero interest rates on both ECF and SCF credit for the period July 2019–June 2021.
This Selected Issues paper aims at providing an empirical underpinning to fiscal policy reforms implemented by the authorities by estimating the size of fiscal multipliers in Cameroon, using a novel long quarterly data set and looking separately at the impact of changes in revenue, and government consumption and investment. The impact of government spending and taxes depends on country characteristics and the stage of the business cycle. The analysis shows that revenue and capital expenditure multipliers in Cameroon are small and comparable to those of other sub-Saharan African and low-income countries. The revenue multiplier is close to nil which implies that revenue-based fiscal consolidation would be less harmful to growth in the medium term. Compared to its peers in sub-Saharan Africa, Cameroon’s revenue multiplier is smaller as is its tax burden relative to the regional average. Conversely, government expenditure can more significantly affect output in the medium term, although the consumption multiplier is unexpectedly much higher than the investment one.
Poverty reduction strategies (PRS) are central to Fund-supported economic and financial programs in low-income countries (LICs). The joint IMF-World Bank’s Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative introduced the PRS approach and established documentation requirements centered on the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). The PRS approach has also been a cornerstone for the Fund’s concessional financing, currently the Extended Credit Facility (ECF), and has been extended to the Policy Support Instruments (PSI), the non-financing instrument for LICs, with PRS documentation serving as the operational framework for development of strategies to promote growth and reduce poverty under Fund-supported programs.
The government of Cameroon adopted its first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) to define the overall framework for its development policies. To adjust the overall objectives and address the weaknesses of the first PRSP, a new comprehensive framework, Cameroon's Strategy for Growth and Employment (DSCE), was adopted that focuses mainly on infrastructure and rural development. The DSCE aims to strengthen the macroeconomic framework, the link between DSCE, MTEF, and the annual budgets, and the implementation of governance and anticorruption programs, and also to ensure adequate resources for structural reforms.
The Cameroonian authorities found irregularities while implementing the first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). The process of revising the strategy of PRSP I has resulted in the growth and employment strategy paper (GESP), designed for achieving the MDGs and realizing the vision with multiyear development programs. The GESP deals with a review of development policies, its vision and goals, a growth and employment strategy, state governance and strategic management, macroeconomic and budgetary guidelines, and an institutional framework. The GESP programming and monitoring system thus will help in formulating better policies.
The fourth annual progress report on the implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) provides a generally candid review of achievements and obstacles in implementation during 2006. The current report incorporates to a limited extent IMF staff recommendations from the previous Joint Staff Advisory Note (JSAN). The ongoing preparation of an updated PRS provides an opportunity to address more forcefully growth bottlenecks in Cameroon. The report covers a period of good external and fiscal performance, but accompanied by a significant decline in economic growth.
This paper discusses key findings of the National Poverty Reduction Strategy (NPRS) Monitoring and Implementation Report 2005 for Chad. The strategy is based on the attainment of five core objectives: good governance, robust and sustained growth, the development of human capital, improved living conditions for the most vulnerable segments of the population, and environmental protection. This report aims to provide a more comprehensive account of the measures taken and results achieved since the beginning of NPRS implementation.
This Selected Issues paper aims at discussing the impact of the oil windfall on Chad, with a focus on growth, poverty, competitiveness, and fiscal policy challenges posed by the oil revenue outlook. The paper discusses the reforms needed to remove structural factors that constraints the non-oil sector growth, in particular on civil and military services and the microfinance sector. The paper argues that Chad’s current growth potential is seriously limited by low levels of both human and physical capitals and by weak institutions and governance.
The Annual Progress Report for Cameroon assesses the major achievements of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper under the staff-monitored program (SMP). It highlights the coherence in government action, the introduction of administrative management in strategic programming and planning tools, and effectiveness in the use of human, material, and financial resources. To solve the existing problems, beneficiaries had made recommendations to improve the quality of projects. The second generation PRSP was aimed at reinforcing the growth strategy and the mobilization of foreign aid through intensive use of budgetary aid. | <urn:uuid:fc892478-c910-42cc-af3f-b9f368718357> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://0-www-elibrary-imf-org.library.svsu.edu/subject/CM?pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t=ba0faa49-0e15-5b83-9097-9d0538022478&type_0=book&type_1=journalissue | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.925894 | 1,108 | 1.640625 | 2 |
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