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What is Malware?
Malware is a parable term used to refer to several aggressive or invasive code types, and it is the short name of malicious software. Cybercriminals develop malware that negatively impacts system security, steals data, circumvents controls, and damages the host computer, software, and information.
Types of Malware
The most important and popular forms of malware are given as follows:
- Spyware is often used by people wishing to test their loved ones ‘ computer activities. Of course, hackers can use spyware in targeted attacks to record victims’ keystrokes and access passwords or intellectual property. Adware and spyware are typically the simplest to uninstall because they are not nearly as nasty as other malware programs. Check and stop the malicious executable –you’re finished.
- The method used for using the device or client, whether it’s social engineering, unpatched code or a dozen other root causes, is much more important than actual adware or spyware. This is because while the purposes of a spyware or adware program are not that malicious as a trojan with remote backdoor access, all of them use the same breakdown methods. The existence of a spyware program should be a warning against a kind of vulnerability in the system or client before really bad things occur.
- Adware is a type of software to view advertisements on your computer, forward search requests to websites for ads, and collect marketing data on your computer. For example, adware normally gathers information about the types of websites you visit to display custom ads.
- Some feel that adware collecting information is malicious adware without your permission. Another example of malicious adware is intrusive pop-up advertising for pretended fixes for computer viruses or bad results.
3. Computer Virus
- A computer virus is mainly characterized by malicious software that cybercriminals replicate. Typically, it targets and infects existing files on the target system. For performing malicious activities on the targeted system, viruses should run to target every file the program can run. Since the advent of computers, viruses have been around, at least in theory.
- John von Neumann made his first academic study on machine theory in 1949. In the ‘ 70s, the first examples are live viruses. We use system resources and the robbing and corrupting of data, such as making the host network useless or inefficient. Another common feature of viruses is their release, which makes them difficult to identify. Viruses are uninvited, hide in anonymity, replicate when they are executed, and generally work in obscurity by infecting other documents.
- Worms were even longer than computer viruses before mainframe days. Email took them into the model in the late 1990s, and computer security practitioners were hit by malicious worms that came as email attachments for almost a decade. One individual would open a wormed e-mail, and the whole company would be easily contaminated. The odd characteristic of the worm is that it replicates itself.
- Take Iloveyou’s infamous worm: When it left, almost every email client in the world was hit, telephone systems overwhelmed (with the text being fraudulently sent), TV networks downed, and even the daily paper I had for half a day was postponed. Several other worms, including SQL Slammer and MS Blaster, provided the worm with its place in the history of software security. The successful worm makes its capacity to propagate without end-user interference so devastating. In comparison, viruses need an end-user to begin it, at least before attempting to infect other innocent files and users. Worms use other dirty work files and software.
- A Trojan is a malicious program that seems useful to itself. Cybercriminals supply trojans with regular code, which persuades a victim to download it. The word comes from the ancient Greek history of the wooden horse used by ambush to conquer the city of Troy. Trojan horses on machines are just as attacking. The payload may be anything other than a backdoor that allows attackers to access the affected device unauthorized. Trojans often give cybercriminals access to IP addresses, passwords and bank details to personal information from a client. It is often used by keyloggers to quickly capture account and password names or credit card information and divulge the malware actor’s details.
- Many ransomware attacks are performed with a Trojan horse by inside a seemly harmless piece of data the malicious software is stored. Security experts consider that Trojans today are among the most dangerous malware types, particularly Trojans intended to rob users of financial data. Some insidious forms of trojans claim to kill viruses but add viruses instead.
- Malware programs that encrypt the information and retain it as a recovery waiting for a payoff in the cryptocurrency have been a large percentage of malware in recent years, and the percentage is still that. Additionally, Ransomware has crippled businesses, hospitals, police, and even whole cities. Most freelance systems are Trojans, which means that some kind of social engineering must expand them. After it’s executed, the majority of users are checking and encrypting files within several minutes.
- If the client is searching for a few hours before the encryption routine is set up, the malware manager will determine exactly how much the victim can afford and also ensure that other supposedly safe backups are removed or encrypted. Like any other malware type, Ransomware can be avoided, but once executed, the damage may be difficult to reverse without a strong, checked backup. Several reports have shown that around a third of the victims are still paying their ransoms, and around 30% of the victims are still not disclosing their records. Whatever the case, it needs other devices, decryption keys and more than a little chance to open the encrypted files, if possible.
- A rootkit is a usually malicious collection of software tools, which offers unauthorized access to a computer by unauthorized users. After installing the rootkit, the rootkit controller can execute files remotely and change system settings on the host machine.
- Most malware programs today are known as rootkits or rootkits. Malware programs simply try to change the underlying operating system to monitor the software effectively and conceal it from antimalware.
8. Phishing and Spear Phishing
- Phishing is one of the cybercrimes that occurs when an e-mail, telephone or text message is contacted to entice a victim to provide sensitive data, such as personal identification, bank and credit card details and passwords, by someone posing as a legitimate entity. Phishing is not a malware type, technologically speaking, but a delivery method that criminals use to spread other malware forms. Because of its importance and how it operates, we have included it here in malware forms.
- An attack sometimes lures a person to click on a malicious URL to fool the user to believe that he or she visits an online payment gateway or another online service. The malicious site then records the name and password of the user and any other personal or financial information. Spear Phishing is a type of attack targeted at a particular person or group of people like a corporation’s CFO to access confidential financial information.
9. Malware Detection and Repair
- Sadly it can be a fool’s mistake to find and uninstall individual malware components. It is easy to make a mistake and skip a part. Therefore, you don’t know if the malware has changed the system in a way that it’s not completely reliable again.
- If malware removal and forensics are not properly trained, back up data (without it, if necessary), format the drive, and reinstall the programs and data if the malware is identified.
Symptoms of Malware
Below are some of the common symptoms and signs of a malware infection:
- Reduce your machine, programs, and Internet access.
- The web browser also stops working entirely.
- Immediately, the popups of intrusive ads will flood your screen.
- Frequent machine or software crashes are unanticipated.
- Inattentive disk storage decreases.
- The homepage of the Web browser was changed.
- People who complain of getting odd and meaningless emails
Conclusion – Types of Malware
In this article, we have seen what different types of Malwares are, how to detect them, along with how can you identify that your system is malware affected or not.
This is a guide to Types of Malware. Here we discuss the basic concept and most important types of malware along with symptoms. You can also go through our other suggested articles to learn more – | <urn:uuid:b676bc6d-e36b-4252-8a46-25d1f6731909> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.educba.com/types-of-malware/?source=leftnav | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.937862 | 1,795 | 3.40625 | 3 |
What is hardening of the arteries?
Hardening of the arteries (or atherosclerosis) is a degenerative disease of large and medium sized arteries. Inflammation seems to have an increasingly important role in the process, in which immune mechanisms interact with metabolic factors. This influences the initiation, propagation and activation of atherosclerotic lesions within the arteries (Hansson GK, 2005).
The intima (or innermost layer of the artery) becomes thickened by the development of fibrous tissue and the accumulation of lipid (fat). Although the arteries become progressively damaged over many years, the initial changes can occur in early adulthood (20-30yrs). Hardening of the arteries is not an inevitable result of ageing, but it is more common in the elderly.
The normal artery consists of three layers. The intima or inner layer is the surface in contact with flowing blood. A single layer of cells (endothelial cells) lines the whole of the arterial (and venous) system. It is a highly complex and important layer. It is these cells which interact with flowing blood. These cells are not simply a passive lining, but are crucial cells involved in wound healing, inflammation, blood clotting and immunity. These cells are supported by a matrix of thin tissue. Under this matrix is the middle layer (or media) consisting of muscle cells which can cause an artery to constrict or dilate. The outer layer (or adventitia) is mainly fibrous tissue. A normal artery is very soft, pliable and elastic.
The initial trigger for the development of hardening of the arteries is probably damage to the endothelial cell layer lining the artery. This damage may be caused by smoking, viruses, chemicals and drugs. There may be many chemical causes of damage to the endothelial cells in our environment that have not been identified. In the earliest stages, yellow fatty streaks develop in the blood vessels caused by the deposition of fats in the wall of the artery. They are yellow due to the deposited cholesterol. Fatty streaks will not cause any symptoms, but are the earliest sign of arterial disease and can progress to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Plaques are basically thickening of the innermost layer of the arterial wall. As the plaques become larger they impede blood flow through the artery.
Plaques are caused by the accumulation of low density lipoprotein (LDL, a type of cholesterol). Raised levels of LDL in the blood stream lead to the transport of this excess LDL into the artery wall where it is retained. This LDL is then chemically altered (lipid peroxidation) and as more is retained a massive accumulation of cholesterol develops (foam cells). Other cells (monocytes) are attracted towards this altered LDL by inflammatory chemical compounds and accelerate the accumulation of further LDL. A fibrous plaque develops as smooth muscle cells and monocytes accumulate. Monocytes are also prevented from leaving the early forming plaque by certain chemicals. The monocytes transform into another cell type called macrophages which absorb the cholesterol and fats deposited in the arterial wall. The macrophages become swollen with cholesterol and become foam cells (Gerstzen RE and Tager AM, 2012). The plaques can become so thick that they protrude into the artery and can interfere with normal blood flow.
Complicated plaques develop if the plaque surface becomes damaged (ulceration) and this can cause fragments of the plaque to break away into the blood vessel and be carried downstream to block a smaller blood vessel – a process called embolisation. In more advanced cases calcium is also deposited and the plaques become very hard. These plaques may grow so large that they obstruct the flow of blood through the blood vessel or they may fracture and blood can be forced underneath the plaque, pushing it further into the blood vessel. When an artery becomes blocked by hardening of the arteries blood is diverted into smaller arteries (collaterals). These smaller arteries can maintain a blood supply to an area even when the main artery has been blocked.
As the disease worsens the arteries literally become harder and lose their elasticity or stretchiness.
For a more detailed, but technical description of the mechanisms behind the development of atherosclerosis see JA Berliner et al, 1995.
Why do some people develop hardening of the arteries?
There are many factors associated with hardening of the arteries, but there are only 4 or 5 which can be manipulated – smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, presence of diabetes, and exercise.
In some people there is a clear hereditary factor. In other words other members of the family will have suffered with atherosclerosis at an early age. This may be due to risk factors that we have not yet discovered, but it can also be due to inherited diseases of cholesterol metabolism. If you are a man, you have more risk of developing hardening of the arteries.
It is often a combination of factors that is important. High blood pressure alone carries risks, but if there are high cholesterol levels also and a family history of atherosclerosis, the risks will be much greater.
In recent years certain types of infection (Chlamydia pneumoniae) have been implicated in atherosclerosis. No definitive link between infection and atherosclerosis has been established, but it is an area of ongoing research.
What problems can hardening of the arteries cause?
Hardening of the arteries causes two major types of problems in the arteries. Firstly, it may cause the artery to narrow or block off completely. If an artery is narrowed or blocked then the effects of this will depend on which artery is affected. If the arteries to the legs are affected, then this can cause intermittent claudication – a pain in the legs on exercising.
If the arteries to the brain are affected then this can cause a stroke. If arteries to a part of the brain are blocked then this part of the brain dies. If this part of the brain controls movement of the right arm, then paralysis of the right arm will result.
If the arteries to the heart are affected this can cause angina (chest pain) or a heart attack. In the kidneys hardening of the arteries can cause kidney failure and high blood pressure (hypertension).
Secondly, it may cause swelling /dilatation of the arteries to form aneurysms. Aneurysms can ultimately either rupture and bleed or they may accumulate large amounts of blood clot and either block or send showers of tiny clots into smaller arteries downstream (embolisation).
Can hardening of the arteries be cured?
No. Hardening of the arteries cannot be cured at present.
The symptoms that are caused by hardening of the arteries can sometimes be treated. For instance carotid endarterectomy is an operation to fix the damage caused by hardening of the carotid arteries in the neck. The carotid arteries take blood to the brain.
Angioplasty can be used in some circumstances to treat the symptoms caused by hardening of the arteries particularly in the arteries to the legs and to the heart. Angioplasty does not affect the underlying atherosclerotic processes – it is purely a mechanical method of re-opening the blood vessel. This point is often forgotten. Angioplasty and bypass surgery do not alter the development of atherosclerosis. This is a similar situation to calcium scale which can develop on kettles and pipes in areas which have hard water (containing calcium). The scale can be removed and allow the pipes to function again, but they will fur up again if the water is not altered, as the underlying cause has not been addressed. Coronary artery bypass surgery is used to improve the blood flow to the heart when patients have angina or have had a previous heart attack. Similar sorts of bypass surgery can be used to treat blockages in the legs.
The factors that lead to the development of hardening of the arteries can be altered. Controlling these vascular risk factors is important because it can help to reduce the risk of further problems caused by hardening of the arteries.
What can be done to reduce the risk of developing problems?
Smoking is the most important factor. If you smoke and have problems with your arteries you should stop immediately. This can be difficult. Smoking is physically and mentally addictive. If you stop smoking you will not always feel the benefits immediately – it takes time. There are many ways in which you can be helped to stop smoking by your own general practitioner. These include nicotine patches, drugs and continuing support. The most important factor in quitting tobacco is actually wanting to stop. If you live in a house with another smoker it can be especially difficult to quit and a team effort is likely to be needed.
2. High blood pressure
If you have high blood pressure this should be treated as this reduces the risk of further arterial problems. Exercise and possibly dietary salt restriction may be helpful in maintaining a normal blood pressure. The individual benefits of treating blood pressure are of a similar order to treating cholesterol (see below).
If your cholesterol level is high this should be lowered. A low fat diet can help, but you may need tablets to keep cholesterol levels low. Several beneficial effects of lipid lowering drugs may be due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Although lowering cholesterol levels is clearly helpful the potential benefits to any individual patient are actually very small. Exercise can also be helpful in lowering cholesterol levels.
A recent analysis of 14 trials involving over 90,000 patients has reported on the actual benefits from cholesterol lowering therapy (CTT Collaborators, 2005). The risk of dying can be reduced from 9.7% (9 to 10 chances in 100) over the periods studied down to 8.5% (8-9 chances in 100). Essentially this means that 98-99 people in every 100 people on a cholesterol lowering drug will not live longer, and the drug will not reduce their risk of dying. There are slightly greater reductions in risk of having heart attacks, but less benefits in terms of reduction of stroke risk. The same sort of benefit is seen with interventions such as for blood pressure lowering. When patients start these, frequently lifelong, medications it is often not made clear that the individual benefits are extremely small.
The Heart protection study examined the effect of simvastatin on reducing the risk of major vascular events (stroke, heart attack), but not mortality. There is more benefit in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). There was a reduction in major vascular events in patients with PVD of 6.3% (from 32.7% to 26.4%). Definitely beneficial treatment but 93% of patients who use simvastatin in these circumstances will still have no benefit.
The CTT collaborators also examined the effect of cholesterol lowering treatment in patients with diabetes. The overall risk of death in patients with diabetes was reduced by taking cholesterol lowering treatment from 11.9% to 11.0%. A reduction of 0.9%. Less than 1 in 100 patients will live longer on this treatment. There was a greater reduction in any vascular event (stroke, heart attack or heart operation) from 19.2% to 15.6%. A reduction of 3.6%. Less than 4 patients in 100 will benefit.
Another way of looking at treatment is the number of tablets it would take to save one life. In the 4S (4S, 1994) trial of cholesterol reduction over 59,000 tablets would have to be taken to prevent one death.
If you have sugar diabetes (diabetes mellitus) this can be treated with insulin, tablets and sometimes diet alone to maintain a normal blood sugar. Diabetes has been known to cause hardening of the arteries for a long time. It can cause particularly severe calcium deposits in the blood vessels. Controlling diabetes with insulin, diet and tablets can reduce the chances of arterial disease developing or progressing, but here again the evidence from trials is that the benefit is relatively small.
Regular exercise can help to lower cholesterol levels as well as improve exercise tolerance and general wellbeing. It is generally recommended that exercise needs to take place for 20 minutes, 3 times week. The exercise needs to increase the heart rate to be beneficial. If you have not exercised for some time it is important to build up your exercise regime very gradually. It may take 6-8 weeks before you start to notice real benefits in fitness and wellbeing. A recent study from Australia indicated that watching TV can be detrimental to life expectancy and this effect is almost certainly mediated though the fact that prolonged hours watching television reduces exercise whilst food intake will continue whilst inactive.
There are no specific drugs that will cure atherosclerosis, but taking a small dose of aspirin (75mgs) daily, if you have had previous problems with your arteries, can be helpful in preventing further problems. A recent overview summarised data from over 9000 patients in 42 trials and concluded that aspirin provided a relative risk reduction of 23% in the risk of cardiovascular events (stroke and heart attack) and cardiovascular death (Hackam DG, 2005). The absolute benefit is much smaller and in the range of 2% – 4%. This means that only between 2 and 4 people in every 100 taking aspirin will have any benefit. The other 96-98 out of every 100 who take the drug do not benefit.
Aspirin should be avoided if you have had previous problems with stomach ulcers or duodenal ulcers.
Clopidogrel is an alternative for patients intolerant of aspirin. It has no major advantages over aspirin and a recent study has not demonstrated any advantage when taken with aspirin (CHARISMA Investigators, 2006).
Dipyridamole, another antiplatelet drug, but working through a different mechanism to aspirin, has shown a small benefit if combined with aspirin when compared with aspirin alone (ESPRIT study group, 2006) but many more patients need to stop the combination due to side effects. It has been estimated that adding dipyridamole to aspirin would prevent about 10 extra vascular events per 1000 patients treated (Sudlow 2007). Alternatively 990 patients out of every 1000 taking dipyridamole in addition to aspirin would do so with no benefit.
Adding warfarin (another oral blood thinning drug) treatment to aspirin was also of no overall benefit over a 35 month follow up period and carried an increased risk in terms of life threatening bleeding (The warfarin antiplatelet vascular evaluation trial investigators, 2007).
The treatments and benefits described above are examples of how patients can be treated when they have suffered a vascular event such as a heart attack or stroke or suffer with claudication pains in their legs. When they have established vascular disease and are being treated with preventive therapies this is described as secondary prevention. Primary prevention is treating patients for vascular risk factors before they develop vascular diseases. Unfortunately, although an attractive concept, primary prevention has even less (if any) benefits than secondary prevention. For instance in a study of aspirin 99.94% of patients would not benefit from treatment even though the effect of aspirin on the 0.06% of patients was shown to be highly statistically significant (ATT Collaboration).
In the West of Scotland cholesterol lowering study 200 men without any previous heart disease would have to swallow over 357,000tablets (yes, that’s correct) over five years to save one of them from dying from coronary heart disease
In other studies (Fowkes et al 2010, Belch et al 2008) patients were identified as having hardening of the arteries after measurement of their ankle-brachial index. These patients had no history of vascular disease and they were then randomised to treatment with aspirin or a sugar pill (placebo) to see if aspirin was beneficial in reducing the future risk of cardiovascular events. One trial also looked at the use of antioxidants (Vitamin C, zinc sulphate, sodium selenite, alpha tocopherol, pyridoxine hydrochloride, nicotinamide and lecithin). Despite being a large well conducted studies there was no benefit in taking aspirin or antiooxidants in patients without previous cardiovascular disease.
An article (Wald and Law) in the British Medical Journal has suggested that producing a Polypill could reduce heart problems by 88%. The authors estimate that one third of patients taking this pill from age 55 would benefit, gaining on average 11 years of life free from heart problems or stroke. Because hardening of the arteries usually affects all arteries in the body to some degree, the Polypill strategy would be just as likely to reduce problems caused by hardening of the arteries in the legs.
The ingredients of the Polypill are drugs in common use today. They are:
a statin (to lower cholesterol)
a thiazide diuretic, a beta blocker and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (to lower blood pressure)
folic acid (to reduce homocysteine)
aspirin (to reduce blood clotting)
At present this combination is only a suggestion and the formulation would need to be thoroughly tested. However, these drugs already have a proven track record. The recent Indian Polycap study examined the feasibility of using a “polypill”. The study looked at patients over a 12 week period and did find a reduction in blood pressure. No further benefits could be demonstrated in a short study. This proposal is being actively developed further and has potential, although the absolute benefits for any given individual are still likely to be small. In addition there is little incentive for the pharmaceutical industry to invest in studies as these medications are off patent.
Berliner JA, Navab M, Fogelman AM et al. Atherosclerosis: basic mechanisms. Oxidation, inflammation and genetics. Circulation 1995; 91: 2488-2496.
Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. New Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1685-95.
Gerszten RE, Tager AM.The Monocyte in Atherosclerosis — Should I Stay or Should I Go Now? New Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1734-1736.
Wald NJ, Law MR. A strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease by more than 80%. Brit Med J 2003; 326: 1419-1423.
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005; 366: 1267-78.
Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Randomized trial of the effects of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin on peripheral vascular and other major vascular outcomes in 20,536 people with peripheral arterial disease and other high risk conditions.J Vasc Surg 2007; 45: 645-54.
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta analysis. Lancet 2008; 371: 117-125.
The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group: randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients: the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4S). Lancet 1994; 344:1383-1389.
Hackam DG. Cardiovascular disease prevention in peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2005; 41: 1070-3.
ESPRIT study group. Aspirin plus dipyridamole versus aspirin alone after cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin (ESPIRIT): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006; 367: 1665-73.
Sudlow C. Give dipyridamole with aspirin instead of aspirin alone to prevent vascular events after ischaemic stroke or TIA. Brit Med J 2007; 334: 901.
CHARISMA investigators. Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1706-14.
The warfarin antiplatelet vascular evaluation trial investigators. Oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy and peripheral arterial disease. New Engl J Med 2007; 357: 217-27.
Antithrombotic trialists collaboration. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet 2009; 373: 1849-60.
Shepherd J, Cobbe M, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlane PW, et al for the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1301-7.
Fowkes FGR, Price J, Stewart MCW. Aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events in a general population screened for a low ankle brachial index. A randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2010; 303(9): 841-848.
Belch J, MacCuish A, Campbell I et al. The prevention of progression of arterial disease and diabetes (POPADAD) trial: factorial randomised placebo controlled trial of aspirin and antioxidants in patients with diabetes and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Brit Med J, 2008; 337: a1840.
Veerman JL, Healy GN, Cobiac LJ et al. Television viewing time and reduced life expectancy: a life table analysis. J Sports Med 2011: published online first. | <urn:uuid:4edf6d11-c412-45a3-8965-e85641e37ec7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.anzsvs.org.au/patient-information/hardening-of-the-arteries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.927053 | 4,479 | 3.84375 | 4 |
- The setting for renewal
- The rise of Pietism
- The era of Protestant expansion
18th-century Pietism in central Europe and England
One of Francke’s institutions in Halle was the paedagogium (1698), a boarding school for the sons of well-to-do parents who lived at a distance. Nikolaus Ludwig, Graf von Zinzendorf (1700–60), the godson of Spener, who attended the Halle boarding school from 1710 to 1716, was greatly influenced by his godfather and then by Francke. At the age of 14 he organized the “Order of the Grain of Mustard Seed,” whose youthful members pledged themselves to reach out in ever-expanding love to “the whole human race.”
By 1721 Zinzendorf had settled down on his estate (Berthelsdorf) near the Bohemian border, where he organized believers into a nonseparatist ecclesiola in ecclesia, which denied the Halle Pietists’ demand for penitential remorse as a mark of “heart religion.” Zinzendorf formulated the slogan that came to be of great importance in the history of revivals: “Come as you are. It is only necessary to believe in the atonement of Christ.”
A small band of Moravian exiles took refuge on his estate in 1722. Looking upon this event as an opportunity to realize his cherished project of “the Mustard Seed,” Zinzendorf gave up his position in the Saxon civil service and welcomed other Moravian refugees, who, like him, had been influenced by Pietism. Zinzendorf soon organized the colony of Herrnhut into the community of the Bohemian Brethren. They were not to separate from the Lutheran Church of Saxony and would attend services in the village church at Berthelsdorf and call upon the local pastor for ministerial acts. They regarded themselves as “the salt” of the earth, an ecclesiola from which “heart religion” would be disseminated throughout Christendom. Under Zinzendorf’s “superintendency” the Herrnhut Brethren became more and more a distinct church, the reborn Moravian Church, or Unitas Fratrum (“Unity of the Brethren”). Although Zinzendorf received a license as a minister in 1734 and three years later was consecrated bishop, he left Herrnhut under pressure from the Saxon government in 1736. He did evangelical work in western Germany, England, and North America, where he established important missionary centres in Germantown and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He returned to Herrnhut in 1749 and presided over the Church of the Brethren until his death in 1760.
The influence of the Moravians on the Evangelical Awakening in England was significant. By 1775 there were 15 Moravian congregations in England, and at one of these John Wesley, founder of Methodism, had his famous “Aldersgate Street Experience” (1738). His conversion experience occurred while he was listening to a Moravian preacher reading Luther’s Preface to the Romans. As Wesley noted later,
while he was describing the change which God works in the heart through faith in Christ, I felt my heart strangely warmed. I felt that I did trust in Christ . . .; and an assurance was given me that he had taken away my sins.
Joining the Moravian society in Fetter Lane, London, Wesley also journeyed to Hernnhut to learn about the people to whom he owed so much. Although Wesley later parted from the Moravians, his initial experience of saving grace in the company of the Brethren shaped the wide-reaching evangelical movement associated with Wesley, his brother Charles, and George Whitefield.
18th-century Pietism in Scandinavia and America
The age of orthodoxy in the Dano-Norwegian kingdom, as in Germany, had a deeply spiritual side, which was manifest in the hymns of Thomas Kingo (1634–1708) and the teaching of Holger Rosenkrantz (died 1642) and Bishop Jens Dinesen Jersin (died 1632). Arriving in Copenhagen at the turn of the century, Pietism was welcomed, strangely enough, by the unpietistic king Frederick IV (1699–1730), whose royal chaplain, the German R.J. Lütkens, approved of the pietistic pastors and won Frederick’s support for missions in India. The king sought out missionaries in his kingdom but found none. He then turned to Germany, where, through Lütken’s contacts, he discovered two young Halle-trained Pietists, Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg (1683–1719) and Heinrich Plütschau (1678–1747). Ordained at Copenhagen in 1705, they became the founders of the famous Tamil mission at Tranquebar, India, in 1706. The Tamil mission stimulated interest among the Halle Pietists in evangelical work including the Norwegian Pietist Thomas von Westen’s mission to the Sami (then known as the Lapps) in northern Norway, and the Norwegian Hans Egede’s pioneering evangelical work in Greenland. King Christian VI, moreover, was known as the “Pietist on the throne” because he supported an orphan home and schools modeled after Halle, a missionary institute, and even conventicles (a 1741 decree permitted them only under pastoral leadership). Erik Pontoppidan, court preacher at Copenhagen and later bishop of Bergen in Norway, made a lasting contribution with his Truth unto Godliness, a commentary on Luther’s catechism that combined law and the gospel, orthodoxy and pietism. Virtually a national reader for many generations, especially in Norway, this “layman’s dogmatics” continued to influence American Lutheranism into the 21st century.
In 1703 three pastors from New Sweden on the Delaware River ordained Justus Falckner, a Halle-educated Pietist, for service among the mostly Pietistic Dutch Lutherans in New York. Many German Pietists emigrated to North America—often traveling through London, where they were helped by the Pietist court chaplain M. Ziegenhagen—including those from the Rhineland and southern Germany who settled in New York and Pennsylvania and from Salzburg who settled in Georgia. Accompanying the Salzburgers were two pastors selected by Francke, J.M. Boltzius and I.C. Gronau, who shaped the spiritual life of the Georgia settlement. Zinzendorf’s visit to America (1741–42) led to a clash between his type of Pietism and that of Halle, represented by Henry Melchior Mühlenberg (1711–87). The victory belonged to Mühlenberg, who became the organizing genius and spiritual leader of the American community and was later called “The Patriarch of American Lutheranism.” | <urn:uuid:a371e680-5e01-4f66-83fa-961a9e99eb56> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.britannica.com/topic/Protestantism/18th-century-Pietism-in-central-Europe-and-England | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.96509 | 1,514 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Lockdown takes its toll on people with chronic pain
University of Liverpool researchers have been working to understand the impact of lockdown on people living with chronic pain.
It is estimated that up to 28 million people in the UK live with some form of chronic pain (pain lasting for more than 3 months), and up to 8 million suffer from pain that is disabling. Evidence shows that chronic pain is a significant personal, societal and economic problem. The wellbeing of people with chronic pain can be impacted by levels of social support, access to physical exercise and aspects of mental health.
As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded in 2020, a team of scientists and clinicians from University and The Walton Centre designed an online study, supported by the Pain Relief Foundation, to track more than 400 people with chronic pain across the period of the first lockdown. They monitored pain levels and many aspects of psychological and physical wellbeing.
Their findings, published in the British Pain Journal, showed that people living with chronic pain were more adversely affected by lockdown conditions than pain-free individuals, reporting greater self-perceived increases in anxiety and depressed mood, increased loneliness and reduced levels of physical exercise. They also reported that their pain felt more severe compared to before lockdown.
The researchers suggested that psychological constructs (pain catastrophizing) and physical activity levels – both of which are known to impact on chronic pain experience – could be potentially important targets for pain management interventions during the pandemic.
Lead researcher Dr Nick Fallon, a Lecturer in Psychology in the University’s Institute of Population Health, said: “Our research was the first to consider the impact of lockdown conditions in the UK on people living with chronic pain. Further research is urgently needed so that we can make evidence-based decisions about adapting clinical provision for such patients to tailor and target interventions and minimise suffering during the pandemic.”
“The data from our study supports the need for improved remote management of people living with chronic pain. Specifically, we can utilise these findings to consider the type of remote therapeutic approaches required, or even to target the mechanisms leading to adverse effects of lockdown in this vulnerable population,” he added.
Samantha Sunners, who suffers from chronic pain after a car accident in January 2019, took part in the study. Speaking about her own personal experience of lockdown, she said: “I have persistent nerve pain and neck pain that requires me to have injections into my neck and take pain killers. During lockdown my pain heightened, as all of my hospital treatment was cancelled, in particular a steroid injection that was delayed from March until October.
“I have caring responsibilities for my three young children and this took its toll along with home school and juggling work from home. My anxiety increased as I was concerned that all of my pain management and coping mechanisms had been withdrawn. I did eventually commence my treatment, but the months in between were incredibly challenging.”
The team has continued to monitor patients as they navigate the pandemic. Now, one year on from the first lockdown, data collection will cease and the researchers will try to understand how the experience of chronic pain patients fluctuated across this difficult year.
“We anticipate differences in pain and other symptoms, from Eat Out to Help Out, to the Christmas period, to the recent winter lockdown. It is hoped that this longitudinal perspective will give even more insight into the impact of the pandemic on the lives of people living with chronic pain. Hopefully, this knowledge can contribute to help us to protect our vulnerable populations and better prepare for future crises,” said Dr Fallon.
Adverse effects of COVID-19-related lockdown on pain, physical activity and psychological well-being in people with chronic pain, British Journal of Pain, DOI: 10.1177/2049463720973703 | <urn:uuid:f1fdb4f4-02c8-412a-a297-6f2c1ddb4238> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://painrelieffoundation.org.uk/uncategorised/lockdown-takes-its-toll-on-people-with-chronic-pain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.967021 | 781 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Old Inauguration Day
Virtually every president acknowledged the importance of faith at his inauguration.
For example, John Adams said in 1797:
Veneration for the religion of a people who profess and call themselves Christians ... to consider a decent respect for Christianity among the best recommendations for the public service.
In 1809, James Madison invoked:
Guidance of that Almighty Being.
In 1825, John Quincy Adams declared:
Except the Lord keep the city, the watchman waketh in vain.
I deem the present occasion sufficiently important ... in expressing to my fellow citizens a profound reverence for the Christian religion.
In 1853, it was Franklin Pierce's turn:
There is no national security but in the nation's humble, acknowledged dependence upon God.
Then in 1857, President James Buchanan pleaded:
Cultivate peace ... with all nations ... in a spirit of Christian benevolence.
Next, in 1861, it was Abraham Lincoln's turn:
Intelligence, patriotism, Christianity, and a firm reliance on Him who has never yet forsaken this favored land, are still competent to adjust in the best way all our present difficulty.
In the next century, in 1925, President Calvin Coolidge declared:
America ... cherishes no purpose save to merit the favor of Almighty God. | <urn:uuid:394dada6-1cbb-4cd7-9ebc-be77755be061> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.conservapedia.com/Old_Inauguration_Day | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895409 | 275 | 2.5 | 2 |
Bansko, ski destination of Bulgaria, attracted great number of Turkish travelers last year and local businesses expect a large part of the bookings for this year's ski season will come from Turkey. This is why hoteliers are demanding from the state to facilitate the access of Turkish citizens to Bulgaria. According to the news at daily Dnevnik, Bulgaria's Tourism Minister Nikolina Angelkova promised to facilitate the procedure on the issuing of visas to Turkish citizens.
The facilitated visa procedure for Turkish tourists will compensate the decrease in the number of Russian visitors to the country.
Angelkova assured that the same visa facilitation procedures, which had been in place for Turkish citizens last year, have been launched.
In addition, the foreign ministry has started a pilot project allowing for online submission of documents, which will further ease Turkish citizens.
The tourism minister revealed that a plan is being developed for restoring the number of Russian tourists.
Russia will be among the countries targeted in the ministry's 2016 promotional campaign, which foresees the launching of more than 100 journalist tours. By inviting foreign journalists to visit the country, the ministry hopes to secure Bulgaria a continuous media presence and more advertisements abroad. | <urn:uuid:3b5d2c03-7ce2-423b-8b5e-7a161434b862> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ftnnews.com/news-from-turkey/28841-bulgaria-to-ease-visa-issuance-for-turkish-tourists.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00136-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940119 | 241 | 1.53125 | 2 |
We are introducing you to a wealth of observation examples in which "Methods of Use for Digital Microscopes" are utilized in worksites that conduct research and development for technology and products in cutting-edge fields.
Feel free to view this guide that will show you the types of observation that can be performed as well as the level of detail that can be observed when utilizing "Digital Microscopes".
New Laser Marker Introduction Examples Collection: Food/Pharmaceutical Industry
In the food/pharmaceutical industry, safety is demanded more than anything else, and because of this, there are various needs that concern labeling.
Within this, what is most needed is "no-fade marking". In this document, we will introduce you to specific information on how KEYENCE laser markers are helping in the food/pharmaceutical industry. Feel free to have a look.
The Arrival of Micrometers that Have Systematically Pursued High-Speed, High-Precision, and Low Maintenance.
We will introduce you to know-how regarding on-site usage as well as measurement principles that should be known, including the reason behind our micrometers' on-site long-use capabilities, why they are easy to use, and an explanation of their high precision.
This is a completely new image dimension measurement system to replace conventional projectors and measuring microscopes.
Just "place" the target in your preferred position and "press" the measurement button to complete measurement. Check out the secret of this novel technology with your own eyes.
The [IM Series] is a completely new image dimension measurement system to replace conventional projectors and measuring microscopes. The [IM Series]...
●Produces the exact same measurement results no matter who performs measurement
●Can be easily used by anyone
●Can perform measurement that is overwhelmingly faster than conventional devices
Just "place" the target in your preferred position on the stage and "press" the measurement button to instantly complete everything from measurement to OK/NG judgment. You can achieve astonishing inspection in your own laboratory. If you are asking yourself if this is all really possible, then the first thing you should do is take a look at our catalog.
Increased stability, one-touch calibration, and rugged construction make the LR-Z perfect for any environment.
The LR-Z offers distance-based detection that is unaffected by color, target surface, or angle. Its durable stainless steel body is designed to withstand even the toughest environments. Highly visible output indicator and digital display make calibration and troubleshooting simple and fast. | <urn:uuid:d847c17e-e3ce-4ec4-8c00-cac0e817a5c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.keyence.eu/news-events/newsletters/2014/14-04-22.jsp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922719 | 523 | 2.40625 | 2 |
LONDON.- The Art Fund
today announced that it has completed the transfer of the late Sir Denis Mahons private collection of 57 Italian Baroque paintings into the collections of museums and galleries across the UK, in fulfilment of Sir Denis's wishes.
The works, which include masterpieces by Guercino, Guido Reni, Domenichino, Ludovico Carracci, Luca Giordano, Pietro de Cortona, Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini and Giuseppe Maria Crespi, have entered the permanent collections of six UK museums and galleries: twenty five works have gone to the National Gallery, London; twelve to the Ashmolean, Oxford; eight to the Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh; six to the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge; five to Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery, and one to [i] Temple Newsam House, Leeds.
Sir Denis formed his collection over several decades, progressively demonstrating the range, significance and quality of the Italian baroque despite its comparative neglect by previous scholars. His passion and erudition and the sheer quality of the works he brought together changed hearts and minds and had a discernible impact on its very status in the history of European art. The national collections are very greatly enriched by this extraordinary bequest.
Sir Denis, who died in 2011, was one of Britains most distinguished art historians, collectors and campaigners. He left his collection to the Art Fund with instructions that the collection should be placed on display in specific locations across the country, in perpetuity.
The collection has been on long-term loan from Sir Denis to the respective museums for many years, on the condition that they did not charge admission or sell works from their collections. Sir Denis saw the Art Fund, independent of government funding and influence, as the ideal long-term guardian of his collection and his wishes. A member of the charity since a schoolboy, he joined the Art Fund in 1926 and remained a close supporter and advocate until his death in 2011.
Sir Denis Mahon's lifes work focussed on the formation of one of the most important private collections of 17th Century Italian Baroque paintings anywhere, but also entailed passionate and vociferous campaigning on behalf of museums. He was outspoken in his criticism of any government which sought to starve museums of funding or interfere in their independence. Sir Denis campaigned on two fronts above all: in support of free admission to national museums, and against the selling of works of art from museums permanent collections. Under the terms of the transfer of his collection into public ownership, announced today, the Art Fund's trustees, together with trustees of the Sir Denis Mahon Charitable Trust, reserve the right to withdraw works from museums which breach these principles at any point in the future.
In addition to the 57 bequeathed works, Sir Denis has also left a £1 million legacy to the Art Fund. He also gave the Ashmolean a set of 50 works associated with Guercino. Throughout his life, Sir Denis Mahon gave several major donations to the Art Fund to support major museum acquisitions, and often used his collection and donations for works of art to pressurise the present-day government to support the UKs museums and galleries. In 1977, Bellinis Madonna and Child Enthroned the last major Bellini still in private hands and valued at over £1 million, was offered to Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery on condition it raised the £400,000 needed for its purchase before the three months deadline. Sir Denis offered £50,000 on condition the government matched his donation. Government grants amounted to £72,000 for that picture, which was secured by the museum.
Stephen Deuchar, Art Fund Director says: Sir Denis Mahon was a life-long supporter of the Art Fund and shared our fundamental commitment to widening free public access to art. His vision as an art collector was extraordinary, as was his determination that his collection should ultimately be on public display. It is an enormous honour for the Art Fund to have been entrusted with his private collection and to oversee its transfer into the permanent collections of these museums and galleries across the UK.
Dr Nicholas Penny, Director, National Gallery says: Sir Denis was associated with the National Gallery for nearly eighty years, beginning with his appointment as an attaché to the curatorial department under Kenneth Clark and culminating in the great celebratory exhibition of his collection here in the 1990s Discovering the Italian Baroque. As a hyperactive trustee of the gallery and exacting friend of many curators he did much to urge us to acquire great Baroque paintings. We also acquired some from him at the end of his life and he bequeathed a masterpiece by Guercino to us. Now in addition we have received many more. He is one of our greatest benefactors and we will always honour his memory.
Sir John Leighton, Director-General, National Galleries of Scotland says: We are delighted to have received eight paintings from the late Sir Denis Mahons private collection through the stewardship of the Art Fund. He was an inspirational and passionate collector who supported the National Galleries of Scotland over many years. His generous and careful choice of paintings was made in order to complement other works within the Scottish national collection and we are extremely grateful that we are now able to keep these key works of art on permanent display to the Scottish public. | <urn:uuid:64c3f839-4c5e-4462-9556-28c4b2c1c8c8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://artdaily.com/news/60849/Art-Fund-brings-Sir-Denis-Mahon-s-57-Italian-Baroque-masterpieces-into-the-collections-of-six-UK-museums- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00551-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975868 | 1,102 | 1.601563 | 2 |
New ADHD Subtypes Discovered!
– combined subtype
ADHD is a syndrome
Some feel that these subtypes are not always helpful in describing adult ADHD. Current researchers, such as Dr. Margaret Weiss, see ADHD as a syndrome, or collection of symptoms. Each of us lucky ADHDers has our own, special, combination of symptoms, and the severity of each of these symptoms varies.
Aw, what the heck! We’re gonna play with subtypes, anyway!
That being said, I’ve been observing adult ADHDers in both my personal and professional life (as a writer, blogger, researcher, teacher, etc.) for over four years now. It fascinates me how different we are. How one adult ADHDer, for example, can be great at cooking desserts, while the rest of us end up with – you got it – Pomegranate Fiasco.
From my rigorous, keen, and unscientific research, I feel that several valid additional subtypes can be identified. I’ll be submitting my research for inclusion in the long-anticipated DSM V. I’ll expect the Pulitzer to arrive shortly thereafter.
And you, dear readers, are privileged herein to take the first peek into my shrewd, leading-edge adult ADHD analysis. You might even find yourself represented amongst these…
NEW ADHD SUBTYPES!
ADHD w/gastronomical deficits
I think we’ve pretty much covered this one. For review, please check my blog post Cooking with ADHD – Spicey. And…Dangerous! Don’t forget to read the comments section as many of you with this subtype responded (thank you all).
ADHD/rock star-delusional subtype
It’s well-known that ADHDers have more car accidents than non-ADHDers. I would hypothesize that a high percentage of those accidents are perpetrated by those suffering from this subtype. Let me explain: this subtype has flavors of the “inattentive” subtype, in that, for example, while driving along the highway, the ADHDer in question will be blaring Hendrix, Zeppelin, Joan Jett, or whatever loud rock music of their choice, while intensely fantasizing about being the drummer, singer, or lead guitar player in the band. Or so other ADHDers tell me… (ah-hem) (she says, guiltily clearing her throat…)
This extreme form of distracted fantasy naturally leads the sufferer to be a tad careless while behind the wheel. Wheel? Is that a wheel? I thought it was an electric bass! Aaaaaaaahhhh…. [insert loud crash sound here]
We’re the hyperactive women who are constantly mistaken as being 10-15 years younger than we are. We’re bubbly, energetic, we date much younger men – we have to – guys our own age can’t keep up with us.
Nancy Ratey brought this subtype to my attention when I interviewed her for The Disorganized Mind – Yours, Mine, Nancy’s: Meet Nancy A. Ratey. Nancy, an ADHD Coach, notes that a lot of us ADHD women are easily taken advantage of. Through her work, and her own life as an ADHDer, she’s noticed that we’re trusting, vulnerable, and often lack boundaries.
Not only do we buy a lot of snake oil, but we’re the ones burning out from heading up 50 committees. With our impulsivity and unbridled enthusiasm, we often say “yes,” when we should be saying “no.”
You know the type: “Yeah, I’ve been diagnosed with ADHD; but I prefer to self-medicate with coffee, cigarettes, and weed, if it’s all the same to you.” I have lots of dear, male ADHD friends with this subtype. These guys are lethal to be around if you have a propensity for addiction yourself. BEWARE!
ADHD/standup comedian subtype
You can spot this subtype a mile away. We’re loud, animated, sharp, witty and funny. Unfortunately, this subtype may also have the highest percentage of desperately poor ADHDers. So next time you meet an incredibly funny coffee-slinger, give them the secret handshake that says you recognize their frustrated-standup-comedian ADHD subtype.
If you’re the doormat type, you can offer to wipe the tables for them; if you’re the self-medicating subtype, slip ’em a joint. They could probably use it.
Apparently 68% of us ADHDers also have dysgraphia, or, very simply stated, poor handwriting (statistic from Dr. Timothy Bilkey, public lecture, 2010). Let’s just say it’s a good thing I type, not hand-write, this blog.
Do YOU know of any ADHD subtypes?
Perhaps you’re aware of an ADHD subtype. If so, by all means, send it in so I can steal…er…submit it along with the others here, for DSM V approval!
Kessler, Z. (2010). New ADHD Subtypes Discovered!. Psych Central. Retrieved on January 22, 2017, from http://blogs.psychcentral.com/adhd-zoe/2010/09/new-adhd-subtypes-discovered/ | <urn:uuid:478d1295-e5ca-4a79-b791-5ada2fb63a3f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.psychcentral.com/adhd-zoe/2010/09/new-adhd-subtypes-discovered/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00019-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916948 | 1,150 | 1.890625 | 2 |
In May 2017 the European Chief Negotiator for Brexit, Michel Barnier, held a speech in the Houses of Parliament of Ireland addressing the concerns of the Republic of Ireland in the negotiations between the UK and EU. His mere presence in a national parliament underlines the often-underestimated relevance of Ireland in the EU-Brexit negotiations. In his speech Barnier stressed the importance of Ireland claiming:
“Because of its historical and geographical ties with the UK, because of your shared border and strong economic links, Ireland is in a unique position. With the depreciation of the sterling, Brexit is already having an impact on the value of Irish exports to the UK. In particular, the agri-food sector. And many in Ireland fear the return of tensions in the North. Today, in front of these two houses, I want to reassure the Irish people: in this negotiation Ireland’s interest will be the Union’s interest. We are in this negotiation together and a united EU will be here for you.”
The outcome of the EU referendum in June 2016 has not only challenged the political and economic future of the United Kingdom (as well as the (dis-)integration process of the EU) it also has a fundamental impact on the Republic of Ireland. The current situation is especially uncertain with regard to three issues: free trade, border control and the status of Northern Ireland. All three topics will affect the success or failure of a potential agreement between the UK and the EU in 2019.
The economies of Ireland and the UK are strongly entangled, and this is especially the case for the trade relations between Northern Ireland and Ireland. The UK is one of the most important trading partners for Ireland: more than 300,000 Irish people work and live in the UK while approximately 100,000 British people live in the Republic of Ireland. If the UK proceeds to push for a hard Brexit or does not reach an agreement until 2019, Irish and British people on both sides will be in limbo. Currently the Common Travel Area allows free border crossing for nationals of the Republic of Ireland and the UK, Isle of Man and Channel Islands. However, concerns have been raised about this in a post Brexit scenario. Regulations for travel and work visas, issues of social security and pension entitlements might be either very complicated to arrange or completely unregulated which will create high uncertainty.
Meanwhile, many Irish goods and food products are still going via lorry to the continent. If after a hard Brexit there is no tariffs and customs union, goods from Irish trading partners might have to face tariffs for crossing the UK, because the UK has no free access to the EU single market anymore. What effect does this have on the export sector, the transport sector as well as the prices of Irish goods for customers specifically? How can the close trade relations in the agriculture sector between the UK and Ireland prevail?
Irish Prime Minister criticized the UK government for demanding every advantage of the EU single market without being in the EU.
The most recent answers from the UK government are that the single electricity market on Ireland shall be maintained and shared standards and norms for the UK and EU agriculture products shall be established in order to keep the close trading relations between Ireland and the UK. These are the first necessary, but not sufficient policy proposals for a post-Brexit time. Worries about a non-existing customs union for Ireland and Irish goods exist and are hardly calmed without a clear vision on the British side on how they want to deal with it. In a recent interview with Bloomberg, the Irish Prime Minister criticized the UK government for demanding every advantage of the EU single market without being in the EU.
Secondly and closely related to the trade issue, any Brexit scenario has an effect on the actual land border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. As Katy Hayward correctly states: “A hard Irish border is quite possible, a frictionless one is an oxymoron.” The UK government has emphasized that it will ‘take back control’ on immigration. But Brexit also has an effect on the Irish border issue in regard to the EU single market, the Common Travel Area or the integrity of the UK territory. The political scientist Simon Usherwood illustrates this challenge in a very intriguing graphic showing that a frictionless, easy-to-agree border solution is hardly possible.
If a hard Brexit comes into force, Ireland will have to patrol an external frontier of the EU. However, the Good Friday Agreement between the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the UK clearly states that such a border should not exist. The frictionless border crossing is seen as an important symbol to overcome the terror and violent conflict of the past. Moreover and even more important, the violent past is directly overcome by the crossing of many people who work and live on both sides and by tourists who travel to both countries without any border control. If a hard Irish border were the final result of the negotiations, then the Good Friday Agreement of 1998 would be called into question.
The UK government reassured that the option to get an Irish passport after Brexit will remain for all citizens in Northern Ireland.
Finally, the question of Northern Ireland possesses two challenges to the negotiation process. On the one hand the Good Friday Agreement affects citizenship regulation. Every citizen who is born in Northern Ireland has the right to apply for Irish citizenship and to get dual citizenship. Since the referendum in 2016, more and more citizens in the UK with either Irish ancestors or as citizens of Northern Ireland use this opportunity and become Irish vis-à-vis EU citizens. The British demand for an Irish passport has increased by 50 per cent since the Brexit vote. In the first six months of 2017 alone, 100,000 Irish passports were issued in the UK. In a position paper, the UK government reassured that the option to get an Irish passport after Brexit will remain for all citizens in Northern Ireland. This statement increases optimism on the Irish and EU side in the negotiations.
On the other hand the agreement between the Tory government and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) on the support of the DUP for the British minority government puts the neutrality status of the British government as an intermediary between Irish republicans and British unionists into question. How neutral can the British government be in the power-sharing process in Northern Ireland when the DUP can influence British governmental decisions?
Deal or no deal
Since March 2017, Northern Ireland has actually been governed by the Northern Irish administration, because the DUP and Sinn Féin cannot agree on how the Northern Irish government should be formed. However, this power-sharing system is stuck in a political conflict between both parties about the assignment of ministerial posts and the official support of the Irish language. In contrast to Sinn Féin, DUP is a conservative, strictly protestant, pro-British party that is against equal marriage and legal abortion, and supported Brexit in 2016. Moreover, the DUP was the sole party against the Good Friday Agreement in 1998. All these issues contribute to the stalemate in Northern Ireland.
In the worst case scenario alongside the Brexit challenge, Northern Ireland would be ruled from London.
The next steps are expected this autumn, hopefully with concessions and willingness on both sides to find a political solution. Theresa May’s government should do whatever it takes to mediate. Otherwise, and this would be the worst case scenario alongside the Brexit challenge, the responsible Northern Ireland secretary of the British government, James Brokenshire, would rule Northern Ireland from London. This ‘direct rule’ would have serious implications for the reconciliation process of the Northern Irish conflict and could also affect the Brexit negotiations.
It goes without saying that resolving all three issues in the negotiation process is not easy. The way the Irish issues are handled by the UK and EU chief negotiators might be a good indicator to assess in which direction the negotiations are heading. The Irish government has to make sure that the EU still sees Ireland’s interests as the Union’s interests. For this reason, Varadkar should get the support of the French and German governments so the EU and the EU member states speak with the same voice in the Brexit negotiations. This is essential for Ireland, because the decision to conclude the Brexit agreement will be based on a qualified majority vote in the European Council. A ‘no deal scenario’ must be avoided at all costs.
This article is based on the longer piece “Irland im Brexit-Strudel” published in the German magazine “Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik”. This version has been shortened and revised.
Featured image courtesy of William Murphy.
Stefan Wallaschek (@s_wallaschek) is a PhD candidate at the Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS), University of Bremen (Germany). He is writing his dissertation on the politics of solidarity in the Eurozone crisis and Europe’s migration crisis. His research interests are European Politics, Solidarity Research, Political Communication as well as Migration and Refugee Studies. | <urn:uuid:ef20b232-c1d9-44bb-9106-4d9edef32f55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://politicalcritique.org/world/uk/2017/what-would-a-hard-brexit-mean-for-ireland/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.94387 | 1,848 | 2.578125 | 3 |
cpu: fix how a thread starts up in MinorCPU
When a thread is activated by another thread calling a clone system
call, the child thread's context is initialized in the middle of the
clone system call and before the context is fully initialized.
Therefore, the child thread starts fetching an unitialized PC, which
could lead to a page fault.
This patch adds a pipeline wakeup event that is scheduled later in the
cycle when the thread is activated. This event ensures that the first
fetch only happens after the thread context is fully initialized
(e.g., in case of clone syscall, it is when the parent thread copies
its context over to the child thread).
When a thread first starts or wakes up, input queue to the Fetch2 stage
needs to be drained since the execution flow is likely to change and
previously fetched instructions in the queue may no longer be in the
correct flow. This patch dumps/drains all inputs in the input queue
of a thread context in the Fetch2 stage when the associated thread wakes
Reviewed-by: Brandon Potter <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <[email protected]>
Maintainer: Brandon Potter <[email protected]>
6 files changed | <urn:uuid:fd6b00d0-f3ff-46a5-a57a-887947f19e52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gem5.googlesource.com/testing/jenkins-gem5-prod/+/02dafc5498750d9734ba8f2a1608a846f90b71d1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.84127 | 337 | 1.960938 | 2 |
As demand for minerals used in the manufacture of consumer electronics intensifies, mining industries are turning to the seabed for new resource deposits
The nascent industry of seabed mining has attracted plenty of attention over the past few years, as demand for certain minerals used widely in consumer electronics has grown in tandem with environmental activism and intensified scrutiny of the industries involved in resource extraction.
The ocean floor has been found to host an abundance of polymetallic nodules – small mineral deposits packed with highly-coveted metals including gold, copper nickel and manganese – as well as sulphide deposits near hydrothermal vents.
Many of the minerals locked away in these sunken treasure chests are becoming increasingly sought-after by electronics manufacturers back on dry land, particularly in the case of battery manufacturing for consumer gadgets such as smartphones and electric vehicles.
Although widespread seabed mining activity has yet to take off, a significant amount of exploration and project panning has been completed.
Next year, the International Seabed Authority – the United Nations-created organisation designed to govern the seabed mining industry – is expected to finalise its regulations, paving the way for an upsurge in activity.
Here we take a look at some of the core arguments for and against the seabed mining industry, which is likely continue to court controversy over the coming years.
The case in favour of seabed mining
According to business intelligence firm GlobalData’s energy editor, Molly Lempriere, the ethical and environmental issues that afflict traditional mining industries provide a justifiable case for looking for new resources beneath the waves.
She says: “Relying, as we do currently, on Chinese imports and Congolese cobalt brings into question numerous environmental and societal concerns – can we ethically push for mining operations that we know will lead to child labour, colossal waste streams and destroyed rainforests?
“Oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, providing a massive opportunity for mining dense deposits out of harm’s way.
“Many of the mineral deposits are much denser than those found on land, such as in the Clarion Clipper Zone – an area covering just nine million square kilometres but containing the equivalent of about 20% of all copper held in global land-based reserves.
“Furthermore, the mining processes themselves are often misunderstood, with many people assuming deep sea mining to be identical to the deep pits we find on land.
“Deep sea mining includes three different kinds of resources – polymetallic nodules, massive sulphides, and cobalt-rich manganese crusts.
“These can be gathered in different ways, with different environmental footprints.
“Polymetallic nodules simply lie on the seafloor, and can be collected in a way akin to harvesting potatoes.
“As such, it has a relatively low environmental footprint, with technologies being created that can pluck these nodules from the floor.”
The case against seabed mining
The case against seabed mining is ultimately an environmental one, based on the risks of causing damage to marine life and seabed landscapes, as well as upsetting the delicate balances of subaquatic ecosystems and the unexplored biodiversity that exists in the deep ocean.
GlobalData energy writer JP Casey says: “While many mining projects pose threats to local environments, the risks associated with deepsea mining are all the more significant primarily due to the vulnerability of the ecosystems involved.
“The relatively unexplored and unidentified nature of deepsea ecosystems intensifies these risks.
“While land-based mining operations can disrupt known plant and animal species, subsea operations threaten those which have not yet even been identified.
“The Mineral Policy Institute (MPI) reported that around 20 new species of plants and animals had been discovered since the government of Papua New Guinea awarded a mining permit to Nautilus Minerals for the Solwara 1 project – raising significant concern among environmentalists who claimed the project could not have considered these species during the initial permit application.
“Deepsea mining also poses a unique social problem.
“Just as subsea environments are a relatively unexplored region, the legal and social frameworks of deepsea mining are unexplored topics, and mismanagement and irresponsible investment could lead to significant threats to people.
“Operations at Solwara 1 project remain stalled, with Nautilus struggling to secure funding for the scheme following a financial collapse – and this breakdown has had a significant impact on Papua New Guinea itself.
“The offshore drilling industry is one governed by a number of regulations and restrictions, yet enforcing these rules has proven difficult in the past.
“An investigation into the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the largest in human history that claimed 11 lives, pointed to a ‘failure of industry management’ as a key cause of the disaster.
“If regulatory compliance cannot be ensured in a long-established industry with a robust safety culture, it is difficult to imagine safe practice being enforced across the new and unexplored world of deepsea mining.” | <urn:uuid:e8149339-6cfa-4ee5-85b1-1668683ac67c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/features/seabed-mining-arguments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.93688 | 1,057 | 2.96875 | 3 |
/ SHNAH-bel /
click to hear
Day N. Schnabel (1898/1905 - 1991) (1)
A sculptor and painter, Day N. Schnabel (AKA: Daisy N. Schnabel; nee: Daisy N. Talberg) was born in Vienna, Austria and died in Paris, France, where she had lived since 1932. She also lived in Holland, for about three years, before 1932 and in New York City during World War II.
Her mediums were welded steel, bronze, brass, marble, limestone, granite, cast stone, terra cotta*, relief mural, found objects* (car parts), wood, plaster, cement, copper, Plexiglas, gouache*, ink, charcoal, chalk, pastel, crayon, pencil, and mixed mediums. Her subjects included heads, figures, cities, insects, birds, religion and symbolism, but most of her work would be described as pure abstraction, the subjects
... Displaying 750 of 4861 characters. | <urn:uuid:ddc771e0-e1b2-4e38-9f62-02b965dbdfbb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.askart.com/artist/Day_N_Schnabel/115445/Day_N_Schnabel.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00198-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961528 | 217 | 1.921875 | 2 |
High School Students interested in volunteering to gain community service hours, learn how to work with children with disabilities and become proficient in watersports are encouraged to participate as a Mentor. Mentors are integrated into many of our different programs including summer camps. Specific courses are available and required in the mentoring process. Mentors gain valuable life skills and experience they can list on their college applications.
How to Become a Mentor
- Register Now!
- Attend one Education & Mentor Orientation on the first Saturday of each month!
- Select your courses
Information on our mentor training programs, as well as a course catalog, are available below.
1. How do register for training(s)? Orientation will be held via Zoom on October 1st. Email [email protected] to reserve your spot today.
2. I took the training courses last year. Do I need to take them again? You will need to take SALM002 and SALM003 again each year. Email Alyssa for more information
3. I have questions that this website does not answer, who can I contact?
You may contact Alyssa Millet for more information on the mentorship program. | <urn:uuid:cc18d6e6-7a28-4b38-8182-c9af048603c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shakealegmiami.org/get-involved/students/become-a-mentor/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.944942 | 260 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Launching from Kennedy Space Center in Florida with six crew members on board, NASA’s space shuttle ‘Endeavour’ launched on its final mission on Monday.
The mission’s primary objectives are to deliver specialist research equipment and supplies to the International Space Station. Once docked, the shuttle will begin a two week stay aboard the orbiting laboratory, with the crew scheduled to undertake four ‘spacewalks’ to install components to the exterior of the station.
Before liftoff, commander Mark Kelly said of the mission:
“As Americans, we endeavour to build a better life than the generation before and endeavour to be a united nation. In those efforts we are often tested. This mission represents the power of teamwork, commitment and exploration. It is in the DNA of our country to reach for the stars and explore. We must not stop.”
There is only one scheduled shuttle mission remaining after the return of the Endeavour, which is due to land on 1st June.
“Today’s final launch of Endeavour is a testament to American ingenuity and leadership in human spaceflight,” commented NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, who is a former astronaut himself.
“As we look toward a bright future with the International Space Station as our anchor and new destinations in deep space on the horizon, we salute the astronauts and ground crews who have ensured the orbiter’s successful missions.” | <urn:uuid:0975bf1d-4252-45a6-a252-60ff8ae6a8fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newsnet.scot/archive/space-shuttle-endeavour-launches-for-final-time/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.927742 | 301 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Low-priced grocery stores are often in high demand, but for some shoppers they can be a real bargain.
The cheapest grocery stores in the United States are in Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island.
Some of these supermarkets are also the best bargains for buying gas and groceries, or even groceries at a discount.
For those in need of groceries, these grocery stores can also be good sources of affordable grocery items, including fresh produce, meats, and seafood.
To get a cheap grocery store near you, we’ve compiled a list of the top 10 low-priced groceries in the country.
This list is not meant to give a complete list of low-cost grocery stores, but instead gives you a rough idea of what to look for and where to shop.
We’ll also note that we haven’t listed the top 100 cheapest grocery chains in the world.
The 10 most expensive grocery stores on the list were all in the Midwest.
You can check out our full list of America’s 10 Most Expensive Groceries below.
If you live in an area that doesn’t have a low price, or is just looking for a cheap option, we recommend checking out the following guide.
Brooklyn Low-Cost Grocery Stores: Brooklyn has a rich history in grocery stores.
It has a number of low price stores and one of the most popular supermarkets is the Brooklyn store, located at the corner of Seventh Avenue and Madison Avenue.
The Brooklyn Brookfield supermarket is open year-round.
The grocery store is one of Brooklyn’s best bargain-priced supermarkets.
The store also has a large selection of groceries.
It sells groceries at the low prices of just $2.99 for 1.5 ounces of fruit and nuts, $1.99 or less for a cup of coffee, and $2 for a single-serving salad.
You will also find a number a low prices on dairy, eggs, and other farm products, as well as fresh fruit and vegetables.
There are a few other low-wage options that you can find in the store.
There is also a wide variety of groceries that are good for those looking for inexpensive groceries.
There also is a section of the store that is open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm on weekdays.
Low-Price Grocery Items at Walmart: If you need a few cheap grocery items for the holidays, you can pick up some items at Walmart.
You’ll find a variety of items that are low in cost, and a wide range of prices.
The stores are also known for their great prices on groceries.
In fact, the Low Price Grocery section of Walmart has some of the lowest prices on any grocery store.
The prices range from $1 for a jar of tomato sauce to $1,700 for a two-pack of frozen vegetables.
Low Prices at Trader Joe’s: If the supermarket isn’t the best place to shop for groceries, you might be able to find some low-dollar items on Trader Joe, located in Brooklyn.
You won’t find a full selection of low prices, but there are some things you can do to save a little money.
The Trader Joe low-budget grocery store offers many different items.
You may find items that range from 1.3 ounces of tomato paste to just $1 a pound.
If that’s not enough, you’ll find other items that include frozen vegetables and fresh fruits.
They also sell frozen vegetables at the lower prices than at the grocery store, but you will pay less for it.
Trader Joe also has an online shopping experience where you can compare prices and find products at a variety locations.
The online shopping process is very simple, and you can use your credit card or check out your order on the website.
You also have the option to pay at the register when you visit, so you don’t have to go back to the store to pick up your groceries.
You should also check out the online coupon site for coupons and savings, which is another good source of low cost grocery items.
Trader Joes Fresh Markets: The Trader Joe Fresh Markets stores are a great way to save on grocery costs.
The Fresh Markets store is located at 5th Avenue and Third Avenue in Manhattan.
You get fresh produce from farmers markets and other vendors in the stores, and fresh produce and meat at a reasonable price.
If your grocery store isn’t a great place to get groceries, there are a number places that offer low- and high-cost items for a discount, such as the Trader Joe Fresh Markets Whole Foods Market.
Fresh Market in Manhattan: Fresh Markets is located in Manhattan, and it is one the most diverse grocery stores that we’ve found in New York City.
The variety of products is impressive, and they are located right on the Hudson River.
There’s a variety in the Fresh Markets grocery store for both fresh produce as well.
They sell produce | <urn:uuid:dddb4973-aac2-4f47-a0d7-6d9cc393b63d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://marketgiah.com/tag/tropical-supermarket/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.949437 | 1,065 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Target contract for construction
See also Target cost contract.
NEC was first published in 1993 as the New Engineering Contract. It is a suite of construction contracts intended to promote partnering and collaboration. The third edition, NEC3 was published in 2005.
The suite of documents includes a range of contract forms. Of these, the Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC), Professional Services Contract (PSC) and Term Service Contract (TSC) offer target contract options:
- Option C is a target cost contract with an activity schedule where the out-turn financial risks are shared in an agreed proportion.
- Option D is a target cost contract with a bill of quantities where the out-turn financial risks are shared in an agreed proportion.
Effectively, these are a form of target cost contract, or ‘gain/pain’ share arrangement. They introduce a mechanism enabling the contractor, and/or the consultant team, to share in the benefits of cost savings, but also to bear some of the cost when there are cost overruns. Contracting the contractor and the consultant team on a target cost basis can be an effective way of ensuring good collaboration.
NEC describe the target contract option as ‘…a type of pricing mechanism that allows the employer and the contractor (in the ECC) an approach for sharing risk and opportunity. The employer retains the cost and time risk linked to contractual changes, the financial effects of cost overruns can be shared. Target contracts should encourage delivery of a project on time and to budget, allowing a greater emphasis on Contractor’s cost than other arrangements.’
For more information see: Target cost contract.
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Inaugurated last week, the new Elbphilharmonie concert venue; a soaring new addition to Hamburg's skyline. | <urn:uuid:3f6eb196-96b4-4922-a53c-1f93ac4db848> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Target_contract_for_construction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00002-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917613 | 601 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Speed kills, as the slogan says, and in computers what it kills could be disease.
Argonne National Laboratory researcher Andrew Binkowski’s calculations of protein structure help find ligands – smaller molecules – that attach to them, to deliver drugs that stop dangerous infections.
But without supercomputers it could take months to model a single ligand, even using the most advanced algorithms available, Binkowski says.
On Intrepid, Argonne’s IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer, it takes just hours to evaluate the same ligand. That’s important because Binkowski and his colleagues have a database of about 5 million compounds to sift in search of the right ligand. Starting next year, Mira, IBM’s next-generation Blue Gene Q supercomputer, will be able to do such calculations as much as 20 times faster and five times more efficiently.
“We need to look at how atoms can be affected by minute changes in position and find meaningful ways to measure them” in the atom protein and ligand complex, Binkowski says. A lack of computing power meant researchers had to be somewhat imprecise, setting artificial boundaries or ignoring some interactions. Intrepid lets researchers strip away those loose restrictions and run more complete models.
Binkowski’s team has an allocation of 10 million processor hours on Intrepid, awarded through DOE’s INCITE (Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment) program. The researchers are in the midst of the largest application of highly advanced and demanding FEP/MD-GCMC (free energy perturbation distributed molecular dynamics-grand canonical Monte Carlo) computations ever performed on protein-ligand interactions. And for the first time they are applying FEP/MD-GCMC as a screening tool. That lets researchers rank different compounds’ binding free energy – a factor that reveals just how effectively a potential ligand would stick to a piece of protein.
“This is a valuable, time-saving scale by which we can measure and compare different compounds to the same target,” Binkowski says. “Whichever ones have the most favorable free energy ranking are the ones we are most interested in.”
For years, the long time it takes to run the FEP/MD-GMGC calculations limited its use, “but now we’re using it to look at thousands of ligands, which has never been done before,” Binkowski says. “It would have taken literally several lifetimes to do.”
Tony Fitzpatrick writes about a wide variety of topics in science, technology and the environmental and agricultural sciences. His stories, articles and essays have appeared in newspapers and magazines nationwide. He is author of Signals from the Heartland. | <urn:uuid:502bc8e1-4996-488f-bd24-192936028c09> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://deixismagazine.org/2012/10/a-timely-death/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00405-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.92934 | 584 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The two members of the Climate Change Authority who last week broke ranks with the rest of the advisory body over the inadequacy of its climate policy recommendations, and this week released their own version of the report, say claims ambitious climate action is not economically possible are “manifestly absurd.”
The pair, ethics professor Clive Hamilton and eminent climate scientist David Karoly, said in an op-ed on Monday that the basis for their decision not to sign off on last week’s CCA report was its failure to factor in the constraint of Australia’s ever-tightening carbon budget.
“This is all the more regrettable because the requirement to do so is embedded in the Special Review’s terms of reference and was analysed in the First Report of the Special Review released in April 2015 (before the appointment of six new Members to the Authority in October 2015),” they wrote.
But in comments on ABC Radio on Monday morning, Hamilton also suggested that the CCA – set up as an independent statutory authority – had shaped its report to suit Australia’s current political environment, rather than basing it on the best available scientific and economic evidence.
“When the CCA was established it was made very clear in the legislation that it is independent,” he said. “We don’t believe that it’s the role of the authority to thread a political needle, to try to create something, craft a report that will suit the particularities of the cross-bench of the current parliament.
“Our report is based very firmly on the science,” he added. “Moreover, it is based directly on the recommendations of the climate change authority itself in the very first report of this review, which came out a year ago, a year before there was a change-over in the membership of the CCA.
“The Authority recommended to the government that Australia should reduce its emissions by 45-65 per cent by 2030, and it was in response to that that the Abbott government came up with these targets of 26-38 per cent,” he said.
The act of dissent caps off an altogether unconvincing first week back of parliament for Malcolm Turnbull’s Coalition, and puts newly minted energy and environment minister Josh Frydenberg on the spot to explain both the divide within the revamped CCA board and the cloud over the government’s climate policies.
But in comments to ABC Radio, directly preceding Hamilton’s, Frydenberg appeared happy to pick up where Greg Hunt left off, reading from the Abbott government climate songbook: a 26-28 per cent emissions reduction target is world-leading and ambitious; 2030 is a long way away; we’re pulling out weight.
Hamilton’s response: Australia “manifestly is not doing enough,” and is rapidly running out of time to correct the situation.
And he had a message for Frydenberg: “The minister’s new to the job, so let me be charitable; but I worried a lot when I heard him say that 2030 is a very long way away. Minister, 2030, if you’re trying to transform the energy economy of Australia and reduce our emissions, it’s actually very close.
“It takes a very long time… And if we’re going to adhere to our international commitment … then we have to take much stronger actions by 2030 than the government is currently committed to.
“(The Abbot government targets) are some of the weakest in the world. And the truth is that setting that kind of target is completely inconsistent with the goal of the Australian government which it signed up to again at Paris of limiting global warming to 2°C,” he said.
Hamilton said the government’s first order of climate policy business should be to “set a proper target,” and then to address the question of how best to get there.
“The best way to get there is to use effective economic instruments – and not the format of the Direct Action policy, particularly the Emissions Reduction Fund, which pays polluters to reduce emissions and has all sorts of problems.
“We think that the first target should be to close down the dirtiest coal fired power plants in short order over the next several years.
“The truth is… the industry is expecting this. There’s kind of several big coal-fired power plants like Hazelwood that are on the brink of closure …To take those out of the electricity industry over the next few years would make a huge difference to Australia’s efforts.”
Finally, Hamilton also said that claims by lobby groups such as the Minerals Council that ambitious climate action would drive Australia’s economy into the ground as “a manifest absurdity” and a “$100 turkey kind of claim.”
“If you look at the various reports, including the one which accompanies the majority report of the CCA, it shows that very significant emissions cuts, like the ones we’re advocating, would have a very modest economic impact,” he said.
“In fact, in the longer run we have to make a decision on whether we want to have an economy that consists of old clunkers or whether we want to be a part of the energy economy of the future.”
The response from the broader science community, meanwhile, has been one of support for the dissenters and condemnation of the Coalition and the major CCA report.
“The dissenting report is a damning critique – slamming the official report’s failure to recommend strengthening our current emissions target, or the Renewable Energy Target,” said the Climate Council’s Will Steffen – the Climate Council published the Hamilton-Karoly report on its website.
“It’s not the first time there’s been dissent in the ranks either,” he added. “Many of the original Climate Change Authority members resigned after they weren’t being listened to, and were replaced by members who were strong on political connections but short on scientific expertise and understanding.
“Sadly, it’s clear that we can’t rely on the government to provide independent scientific information. We experienced that first hand when the Climate Commission was abolished by the Abbott Government,” Steffen said.
“The (2016) CCA report is contradictory with the Authority’s 2014 report and with Australia’s role in keeping global warming below 2℃,” said Sophie Lewis, an ARC DECRA Fellow at the Fenner School of Environment and Society and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science at The Australian National University.
“By accepting the current government’s targets for greenhouse gas emission cuts, it creates a crunch point for emissions reduction in 2030 that we can’t possibly achieve,” Dr Lewis said.
“Professors Karoly and Hamilton should be applauded for their courageous stance,” said Peter Tangney, a lecturer in science policy and communication at Flinders University. “Their minority report highlights the discrepancy between the CC Authority’s plan and what is required to ensure Australia cuts emissions as quickly as possible.”
“The dissenting report… illustrates just how wide the difference is in informed views on the issue of climate change policy,” said associate professor Frank Jotzo, Director of the Centre for Climate Economics and Policy at the Australian National University.
“It also begs the question of what the role of independent statutory bodies should be in this debate. Should the CCA give advice that is calibrated to political circumstance, or advice that is predominantly guided by science and economic fundamentals?
“The CCA’s intent (in this case) clearly is to help policy progress in the medium term. But it risks locking-in a policy suite that will be costly or less effective. And if the CCA’s recommendations are misconstrued as being ambitious, we could end up with policy that falls far short of these recommendations.”
Greens MP Adam Bandt applauded Hamilton and Karoly for “blowing the whistle,” and urging “frank and fearless advice” about the level of action needed to combat climate change.
“If the Reserve Bank stopped adjusting interest rates because it might upset the government, there would be an outcry,” he said. “The Climate Change Authority had been telling us to live within our means and had urged strong climate action until the Liberals replaced the Chair and stacked the board.
“These two whistleblowers are telling the country that to meet the Authority’s own recommendations and have the best chance of avoiding catastrophic global warming we need to get our skates on.”
“The Prime Minister and his Energy and Environment Minister need to listen to these courageous whistleblowers and put in place climate and energy policies that will drive down pollution rapidly.
“The number one action the government must take is to start the phase out of the oldest and dirtiest coal fired power stations, such as Hazelwood in Victoria, a recommendation of both the Authority’s majority and minority reports,” Bandt said.
RenewEconomy Free Daily Newsletter | <urn:uuid:c52b388a-3e19-4e97-967b-0cce21303ef9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://reneweconomy.com.au/cca-dissenters-slam-100-turkey-claims-as-coalition-defends-climate-goals-49868/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950235 | 1,927 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The View from Pimco's El-Erian
Thursday, February 17, 2011 6:12 PM
Instructive interview several days ago by Der Spiegel of Mohamed El-Erian, who is the CEO of Pimco, the world's largest bond investing company. Pimco is headquartered in California and is a branch of Allianz, the giant German insurance company which was founded in Berlin in 1890. With the recent acquisition of the New York Stock Exchange, Germany can be said to be a player in world finance, not just in manufacturing.
Below is the tail-end of the interview, in which El-Erian talks about the U.S. and then briefly, Egypt. He talks about the structural advantages which the U.S. has in the world economy. The major advantage is the fact that the U.S. dollar remains the world's reserve currency. And why is that? Like so much else, the answer is to be found in the Second World War, which was a continuation of the Great War of 1914-18.
FDR railroaded the United States into the Second World War--actually instigated the start of the war in Europe in 1939--and then won it, leaving Germany and Japan smashed in the aftermath. You could say that America has been living off the fruits of that victory ever since. The U.S. dollar's reserve currency status is the juiciest fruit of all. You can see why FDR remains a hero in certain quarters. Like Abraham Lincoln, he is almost sacrosanct. Being a warmonger has certain advantages. It all depends on who writes the history and who believes the narrative.
In the last paragraph below, El-Erian briefly addresses the blowup in Egypt. When asked about his advice to the Egyptians, he responds: "To manage change well. Egypt will not go back to how it was before the street protests erupted. It's key for all policymakers to make a greater effort to get ahead of the curve and address the burdens being felt by populations due to unemployment and high food prices."
El-Erian thinks almost exclusively in terms of economics. But economics is largely determined by proactive government policies--like FDR's decision to escape the Depression by going to war, thereby making the U.S. the world's economic superpower and its currency the world's reserve currency. It was a huge gamble. It turned out to be a good move for the U.S.A. in terms of everything except honesty.
As for Egypt, it's present situation is the result of being saddled with a duplicitous, pliable Washington satrap-cum-dictator for 30 years. This was an abnormal byproduct of what is euphemistically termed "the Arab-Israeli conflict". The Tel-Aviv/Washington axis mandated that Egypt be relegated to a non-factor with respect to the ongoing conquest of Palestine. This was accomplished with bribes, paid for by the American taxpayer, and called "foreign aid". Egypt in the person of Mubarak was bought off, pure and simple.
I don't think Anwar Sadat would have gone down that road, or at least not for very long. Sadat had more self-respect, intelligence and honesty. If he had not been assassinated and lived to see what "the Israelis"--that is to say, the Polish, Russian and east European Jews--were doing to the native inhabitants of Palestine, Sadat would have stepped back and denounced it, and put pressure on Tel Aviv to live up to the spirit of its peace treaty with Egypt.
What happened instead: Mubarak finally, over the past 20 years, entered into a virtual alliance with Tel Aviv and with Likud against the Palestinians. It amounted to an amazing betrayal of his fellow Arabs. Why? To insure that the payoffs and perks kept coming from Washington.
SPIEGEL Interview with Pimco CEO El-Erian
'Germany Finds Itself in a Very Delicate Situation'
SPIEGEL: The US also has a huge debt problem. However, the financial markets don't seem to care much. Why?
El-Erian: Relative to other countries, the US now looks a little bit better. Think of it like a shirt. If you don't have a completely clean shirt, you will wear the cleanest dirty shirt you have.
SPIEGEL: What makes the US look better then others?
El-Erian: The US has structural advantages. It provides global public goods that others wish to use. The dollar is a reserve currency of the world. The US provides the deepest financial markets. So the market gives the US more time simply because there is no alternative. It takes time for the markets to evolve big enough alternatives to what the US provides today.
SPIEGEL: Still, the US does not have a real plan for ridding itself of its debt problem.
El-Erian: There are several ways that a country can deal with its debt issues. I suspect the US will end up with a mix of some fiscal adjustment and inflating its way out.
SPIEGEL: Washington never publicly talks about that option.
El-Erian: Europe and Germany, especially, have been very scared of hyperinflation. The US is influenced by a different historical experience, that of the fear of another Great Depression. So this country has a huge aversion to recession, huge. And if you ask a policymaker if you're going to make a mistake, which mistake would you rather make, they would say I'd rather make an inflation mistake than make a growth mistake.
SPIEGEL: But, everyone will have to suffer the consequences. The Fed is flooding the markets with another $600 billion that will impact not only the US, but the rest of the world as well.
El-Erian: It's inflating the whole world, that's absolutely right. We are concerned that QE2 ...
SPIEGEL: ... the name given to the US central bank's quantative easing program ...
El-Erian: ... will be disappointing in terms of its own objectives because it's a very imperfect instrument to deal with the headwinds to US growth. The US economy cannot productively absorb all this liquidity. So when all the liquidity is injected into the system, it also goes elsewhere. Its like pouring water on a hard surface, it splashes everywhere. That explains the large skepticism about QE2 outside the US.
SPIEGEL: Is there a better way?
El-Erian: We have said from day one that part of the problem in this country is there isn't a sufficient recognition that there are new dynamics in play. It's what we have called the bumpy journey to a new normal. Growth will be viewed as unusually sluggish. Unemployment will remain unusually high, and for an unusually long period. And we will see an accelerated realignment of the global economy.
SPIEGEL: What will that new global economy look like?
El-Erian: It is a multispeed world. While several advanced economies are dealing with debt overhangs, systemically important emerging economies will hit a development breakout phase. So our view has been if you're faced with this world, policymakers around the globe should not be using just fiscal and monetary policies. They should also be using the whole array of structural reforms. The US should be doing something about its labor market like Germany did. Many countries should be doing more to improve the functioning of the financial system, and not just pouring in liquidity.
SPIEGEL: How long do you see the dollar remaining the world's reserve currency?
El-Erian: At some point, we're going to evolve into a genuine world of multiple reserve currencies, but it cannot happen overnight because there are certain requirements.
SPIEGEL: For example?
El-Erian: Take China as an example. From the outside, we all look at China and see the second largest economy in the world. As the second largest economy in the world, we say it should have global responsibilities. The currency should be convertible and flexible. But go to China, and they will ask you what you are talking about. Look at per capita income, they will say. We're number 99 in the world, not number two. At number 99, our responsibility is domestic because we have lots of people that are poor. So we don't want our currency to appreciate and to be volatile. When we get closer to number two, we'll take on global responsibilities.
SPIEGEL: The world is changing rapidly. Pimco has been making an effort to move into equities and other assets as well.
El-Erian: If you believe in a global realignment, like we do, then you have to be able to help clients navigate this change well. Today Pimco is already more than just bonds. In the future we will be our clients' complete global investment solution.
SPIEGEL: Your father was an Egyptian diplomat and you are fluent in Arabic. What is your advice for the Egyptians?
El-Erian: To manage change well. Egypt will not go back to how it was before the street protests erupted. It's key for all policymakers to make a greater effort to get ahead of the curve and address the burdens being felt by populations due to unemployment and high food prices.
© SPIEGEL ONLINE 2011 | <urn:uuid:7c382919-a04a-42e9-90c6-6b9fb7d671a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.patrickfoydossier.com/2011-Entries/Entries/2011/2/18_The_View_from_Pimcos_El-Erian.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.957789 | 1,958 | 1.929688 | 2 |
According to the six degrees of separation theory, nobody is more than six personal contacts away from anyone else on the planet. In the human world, it may not always work like that, but how about the protein world, which is considerably smaller? In today’s ScienceExpress, John Chant and colleagues at CuraGen, New Haven, Connecticut, report that they have identified over 20,000 different interactions among over 7,000 proteins that are coded in the genome of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. This has allowed them to create extensive and intricate protein-protein contact maps. “This work is very substantial and will have an impact on many aspects of fly biology, including human disease modeling,” said Mel Feany of Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
Joint first authors Loic Giot, JS Bader, C Brouwer, and A Chadhuri expanded on previous work from this group that used high-throughput two hybrid analysis to explore the yeast proteome (see Uetz et al., 2000). In the current study, the authors first made cDNAs representing each transcript on the Drosophila genome and cloned them into "bait” and “prey” vectors to be used in the classic two-hybrid screen. After eliminating any vectors that self-activated the reporter gene, they then generated a draft map by screening individual baits with prey libraries. This yielded 20,349 interactions among 7,048 proteins. The complete data set is available as supplementary material on the Science website.
Next, the authors refined the data to generate a higher-confidence map. Criteria included the number of times each interaction was observed, the number of interaction partners for each protein, and whether it was part of a local network of interactions. In addition, the scientists deemed protein-protein couples having orthologs in yeast more reliable, while assuming low confidence for those that seem unlikely in vivo, such as between nuclear and extracellular proteins. This analysis yielded a map of 4,780 unique interactions among 4,679 proteins.
The usefulness of this data comes with the mapping. For example, the authors show a global map of interactions based on proteins known to cause disease in humans. This reveals potential drug targets, for example, the calcium-dependent phosphatase that interacts with BCL6, a transcription factor which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The authors postulate from their data that BCL6 may require dephosphorylating before nuclear translocation. On a smaller scale, local maps—for example, one describing transcription of cell cycle regulatory proteins, which the authors used to identify novel Src-homology proteins and potential new pathways for ubiquitin-mediated protein recycling—may also provide useful information to those studying human diseases.
Does the company have an active program for AD drugs? Yes, but it’s in early stages and company rules prohibit divulging details, said Chant. Establishing the same maps for the mouse or human would require more computing power and sophisticated industrialization to handle the large data sets generated. Curagen has, however, established subsets of human protein-protein interaction data, Chant added.—Tom Fagan
- Uetz P, Giot L, Cagney G, Mansfield TA, Judson RS, Knight JR, Lockshon D, Narayan V, Srinivasan M, Pochart P, Qureshi-Emili A, Li Y, Godwin B, Conover D, Kalbfleisch T, Vijayadamodar G, Yang M, Johnston M, Fields S, Rothberg JM. A comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature. 2000 Feb 10;403(6770):623-7. PubMed.
No Available Further Reading
- Giot L, Bader JS, Brouwer C, Chaudhuri A, Kuang B, Li Y, Hao YL, Ooi CE, Godwin B, Vitols E, Vijayadamodar G, Pochart P, Machineni H, Welsh M, Kong Y, Zerhusen B, Malcolm R, Varrone Z, Collis A, Minto M, Burgess S, McDaniel L, Stimpson E, Spriggs F, Williams J, Neurath K, Ioime N, Agee M, Voss E, Furtak K, Renzulli R, Aanensen N, Carrolla S, Bickelhaupt E, Lazovatsky Y, DaSilva A, Zhong J, Stanyon CA, Finley RL, White KP, Braverman M, Jarvie T, Gold S, Leach M, Knight J, Shimkets RA, McKenna MP, Chant J, Rothberg JM. A protein interaction map of Drosophila melanogaster. Science. 2003 Dec 5;302(5651):1727-36. PubMed. | <urn:uuid:bbb78814-2e80-4b06-a6f9-e049f78e2147> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.alzforum.org/news/research-news/mapping-interactions-drosophila-proteome | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00205-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.858596 | 1,050 | 3.046875 | 3 |
If you're new to art, drawing silhouettes on a beach is a great way to get started drawing romantic sketches. Ideally, there should be a glorious sunset in the background and the scene should be rendered in full colour. Drawing a colourful romantic sketch is helpful if you're still getting used to working with coloured pencils or pastels. Learning to depict sand, sea and sky are very much dependent on learning which colours to use and how to combine them.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Quality drawing paper
- Colored pencils or pastels
- Art projector or light box (optional)
Map out the basic outline of your sketch in graphite pencil. If you're uncertain of your drawing skills or want to increase the accuracy and speed of your drawing, trace your source image over a light box or use an art projector.
Colour in the silhouettes lightly and any other very dark areas of your romantic sketch in black pencil or pastel.
Darken the silhouettes with your black pencil or pastel. If you're using coloured pencil, it will take some time to darken them fully. Continue cross hatching and apply firm pressure to the pencil. Then fill in any obvious areas of white paper which is showing through the pencil. Blow away any pencil crumbs. Use a kneaded eraser to erase any smudges of black which have got on the white paper.
Fill in the brightest areas of the sunset. Match colours as closely as possible. You have some leeway here. Start with a reddish colour such as crimson lake, magenta or burnt orange for the colour closest to the horizon. Then begin to fill in yellow ochre just above the reddish hues. Use burnt umber and burnt ochre to represent shadows in the sky. Continue filling in yellow ochre around the edges of the picture, but leave an area bright white behind the lovers to create a halo around their heads.
Begin filling in the sand texture in the background. Start by working in the shadows with raw umber. Lightly shade in some raw umber in the lightest areas of the sand.
Work in some yellow ochre in the sand area. This should be almost uniform, but you may colour more densely in the shadows in the sand.
Colour burnt ochre into the shadows in the sand. Darken the yellow ochre in the sky, and then colour a canary yellow over all the sky area which is above the reddish hues on the horizon.
Tips and warnings
- Take breaks to stretch your spine and flex your hand when doing intensive drawing work.
- Make sure that you represent diffuse shading and sharp edges properly, as this directly affects the dimensionality of your finished sketch. | <urn:uuid:00f88caa-abf6-4cc9-b7b6-6fea21599dc6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_4474526_draw-romantic-sketches.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00292-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895428 | 574 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among American men and women.
This devastating health condition kills 1 in 4 people
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If a person has a problem related to the heart or blood vessels, they may want
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Castle Connolly offers a way to easily search for the top cardiovascular doctors
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accurate, up-to-date information on doctors in the cardiovascular specialty area. | <urn:uuid:89a46ee4-13da-4cc3-84d5-e38346271edf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://castleconnolly.com/doctors/specialty/cardiovascular.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.888704 | 301 | 1.578125 | 2 |
TI is committed to continually improving the online design experience. As a part of that commitment, we are excited to invite early adopters and engineers around the world to try out our first of a suite of future HTML5 applications—the new WEBENCH® Power Designer (Beta). In this post, I will walk you through the new enhancements, designed to help you make power design decisions faster and easier.
The input form
The first thing you’ll notice is our new re-designed input form displayed in Figure 1 below. You can use this form to quickly look up a TI device that you may have in mind or start your search using basic inputs. The advanced settings are now organized to guide you toward designs meeting any criteria, and the optimization knob is now a Design Consideration toggle
Figure 1: Re-designed input form
Select a design screen
The first step in the power design process is to select your design. WEBENCH Power Designer previously calculated operating values and generated a thumbnail of what the schematic may look like. New optimized algorithms now enable you to generate full power designs. Our large selection of filters lets you narrow down which design would best fit your needs. For users who are used to the original flash version, there’s still a table view option. However, a new card view, pictured below in Figure 2, is the default view in the selection step.
This card view has additional features that enable you to:
- View and download actual design schematics, bill of materials and operating charts.
- Click to compare multiple designs side by side.
- Link directly to more information and make a purchase.
- When logged in, the ability to share designs and print a WEBENCH PDF design report.
Figure 2: Select screen card view
The compare designs feature
Figure 2 above shows the new selection screen with check boxes on each design to compare designs. This new feature generates a table, displayed in Figure 3, with additional information such as integrated circuit (IC) parameters and IC features which enables a side-by-side comparison of multiple designs.
Figure 3: Select screen compare popup
The customize, simulate and export design steps from our former version of WEBENCH Power Designer have been split from a single screen into three new screens, with logical steps to guide you through the power design flow.
Figure 4 below is a screen shot of the new Customize screen. You will notice that you can view your design upfront, customize parameters to the left, and see the effects of your customizations in operating and performance below. You will also see in Figure 5 that we have removed the optimization knob. The removal of the optimization knob simplifies the process by calculating the design values upfront for comparison purposes so that you can make the best decision to meet your optimization needs.
Figure 4: Customize screen
Figure 5: Optimize your design
Once you are done customizing, you can verify your design by running an electrical simulation in the next screen. Finally, you can move on to the export screen which displays an overview of your final design with clear buttons to prompt you to export to your most used CAD tools, print a design PDF report, or circle back to TI.com for more information such as downloading a datasheet, going to the TI Store, or exploring the product folder.
Start designing today! https://webench.ti.com/power-designer | <urn:uuid:8703a7be-43d7-4c4f-ba1a-edf5893c884c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/powerhouse/posts/new-webench-power-designer-is-now-even-easier-to-use | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.894891 | 705 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Definition of golfs
The word golfs uses 5 letters: f, g, l, o, s
golfs is playable in:
Meanings of golfs
plural of golf
Direct anagrams of golfs
Words with the same length and used letters. Useful for word puzzles.
Other words with the same letter pairs
Find words containing the letter combinations found in golfs. | <urn:uuid:c05ac17c-f77a-48fb-9e41-216ae68a5bd1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.morewords.com/word/golfs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.752367 | 85 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Guinea Pig Toys
Information and images courtesy of GuineaPigCages.com!
Cut up or fold large bath towels. Be sure to cut off any hanging threads. Towel tents in the corner make a great hiding place that can be washed and don’t take up too much room in the cage. You can just loop the towel through cage wires on the corner and secure with a safety pins or binder clips.
Easy, inexpensive, and disposable; try folding them down, or cutting them down to fit better in the cage. Lay them on their side like a cave, but be sure to cut off any handles. You can also try stuffing a paper bag with hay! Cut some entrance/exit holes on the side for more fun.
Shoe boxes, tissue boxes, and empty soda carton boxes are good cavy-friendly examples. Turn boxes upside down or sideways for a cave. If sideways with a bottom, throw in some bedding or hay for a soft hide-away. If upside down, cut out one or two entrance and escape holes.
Cozies or Cuddle Cups
These are HUGE hits with the guinea pigs. They LOVE snuggling in their cozies. They are available at many pet stores, but with a little ingenuity and crafting skill, you can make your own versions of these items as well. We consider a tunnel and cozy a must have for every cage!
These are HUGE hits with the guinea pigs. They LOVE running through and sleeping under their tunnels. They can be purchased at many pet stores, or can be made from cardboard packaging.
Crumpled-Up Pieces of Paper
A very simple and inexpensive option, but guinea pigs love them. Plain paper is better, as they will likely chew on it and may eat it. Occasional paper eating is okay, but inform your veterinarian if your guinea pig appears to have consumed a large quantity of paper.
Sheets of Newspaper
Another simple and inexpensive toy option, but generally a big hit. Newspaper is good to chew on, crawl under, and play tug-of-war with. Just make sure there are no staples before giving the paper to your guinea pigs. Most newspaper is made with soy-based dyes, which are safe for the pigs. Check with your newspaper company if you are not sure.
Toilet Paper and Paper Towel Cardboard Spools
Stuff some Timothy Hay in them and they make great treats. Be sure to cut a slit down the length of any tube so that a playful, curious guinea pig won’t get stuck, like the in the photo to the right.
Just like the cardboard spools, oatmeal containers make great toys for curious guinea pigs. Slice lengthwise to make sure they can’t get stuck as shown above, and toss them when dirty or chewed down.
Bricks, Cinder Blocks, or Rough Stones
These options may help with wearing down a guinea pig’s sharp nails. You can also make a pad of bricks available in the summer time, so that they can lie on the cooler bricks. You can also put the bricks under your guinea pig’s water bottle to help absorb drips and ensure they get their little claws on them. For entertainment, make a low pyramid with bricks and put food on the top platform. With bricks, cinder blocks, and stones, make sure there is NO danger of any item falling or dislodging in such a way that could hurt them. Try putting the stones or bricks under or next to their hayracks, especially if you hang the hayracks from an upper deck in a cube cage.
You can leave them alone or stuff them with cage bedding. Tie off or sew the top closed, and these can become a favorite pillow that gets dragged around the cage.
These may be better than cat toys as they will roll around easier on fluffy guinea pig bedding.
Ping Pong Balls
Lightweight and also fun for guinea pigs to push around.
Small, Lightweight Bowls
Items that they can toss or get inside, like a clean, empty sour cream or cottage cheese container.
Fruit Tree Branch
A good chew treat, and free if they come from your UNSPRAYED backyard. Untreated wood, twigs and logs that have been aged for at least 3 months are appropriate. Apple tree branches can be eaten fresh off the tree. Stay away from: cherry, peach, apricot, plum (fruit trees with pits), and redwood branches, which are all poisonous.
Children’s Wooden Blocks
For chewing and pushing around. Please make sure any children’s blocks are not coated with any sealants (shiny or smooth looking) and are basically just plain wood.
If you already have some 4″ wide plumbing pipe, the different joint combinations (T’s and elbows and +’s) can make interesting tunnels for the guinea pigs to run through and hide in. Please be aware that while PVC pipe is not toxic to your guinea pigs, it is one of the most environmentally damaging plastics on the planet. Please be sure to recycle if you are discarding your guinea pig’s PVC pipes.
Small Stuffed Animals
These can be used in the same way as stuffed socks. Some use them as pillows or something else to cuddle up with. Only use stuffed animals that are safe for pet use, as the stuffing in some children’s toys can be extremely harmful. If your guinea pig really likes a particular stuffed toy, but chews enough to get to the stuffing inside, you could replace the stuffing with cage bedding and sew it back up.
Some Bird Toys
The kind you can hang with bells on the end. Try hanging from a small bungee cord or string stretched across a corner or hang from the top of a covered cage. Try attaching with pipe cleaners, cable ties, or a large paper clip. Make sure they are safe and well constructed with large parts that can’t be swallowed.
Some Cat Toys
Some pigs like the balls with the bells inside. Use with caution. They may separate. Make sure they are safe and well constructed with large parts that can’t be swallowed. The wire balls with a bell inside may be a safer option than the plastic variety.
Some Guinea Pig Toys
Bounce back toys – you can put a treat inside. The related Boredom Busters are not recommended as the ring can break and cause a serious health hazard. | <urn:uuid:bcef04de-7f6c-429a-91d0-c7c95b6bcc63> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wpvet.com/guinea-pigs-care-guides/guinea-pig-toys/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.939644 | 1,393 | 2.03125 | 2 |
My concentration is completely focused on footfalls, specifically where my feet are landing among the cedar roots that form a natural staircase. I’m ascending Mount Tsurugi, on the Kii Peninsula, from the Takijiri-oji Shrine, on an 11-day trip thats covers the famous Kumano Kodo trail.
When I first set out on this pilgrimage, my goal was to escape the inescapable — a never-ending stream of U.S. political updates and urban clatter. The first Japanese emperor to hike the trail did so in the 11th century, after his retirement — possibly to seek absolution for his courtly life and imperial decisions.
I was invited by REI Adventures to hike the Kumano Kodo and Nakasendo trails with five other hikers, to experience this new trip. It’s part of their level-two offerings, which are designed for leisurely hikers — those who prefer no pre-trip calisthenics and like to conclude a few mellow hours on the trail with a soft bed and warm, multicourse meal. We spend each evening in a ryokan, a traditional inn where we soak in onsen, the geothermal communal baths. Level-two trips also feature more cultural components, in this case two days each in Kyoto and Tokyo. The six of us all shared a desire to escape the political din — we swiftly established a “no Trump talk” pact on day one — and to bathe in this largely “no service” wilderness.
“The six of us all shared a desire to escape the political din — we swiftly established a ‘no Trump talk”’pact on day one.”
A thousand years after it was first established, the Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage remains immensely popular, with up to 15 million annual visitors. Traversing the Kii Hanto, Japan’s largest peninsula, the routes are recognized as a Unesco World Heritage site, sibling to Spain’s Camino de Santiago pilgrimage route. The first emperor’s procession required 30 days to reach the Nakahechi trailhead from Kyoto. We arrived from Kyoto in three hours via train and public bus.
The search for silence
My quest for tranquility began with ringing a bell at the Takijiri-oji Shinto Shrine, located at the entrance to the Nakahechi wilderness. At the shrine, I was introduced to Shintoism — a religion with no founder and no fundamental precepts other than that kami, i.e. gods, exist throughout nature. The Shinto perspective celebrates aesthetics, emotions and the ability to see the beauty and goodness in all things. In an era of public vitriol and divisiveness, Shintoism provides an antidote worth consideration.
In Shintoism, one can cleanse past transgressions by ringing a bell followed by a bow, clapping the hands twice, then performing a prayer and another bow. I’m not trying to convert anyone — our guide told us the word doesn’t even exist in the Japanese language — but launching an alpine forest hike at a shrine devoted to animistic deities feels right. I step beneath the torii (gate) along the side — only priests may pass through the gate in the middle — complete the Shinto ritual at the shrine and begin the steep climb into the woods.
The three-mile trail climbs over 1,200 feet from Takijiri-oji to Takahara, the village where we will conclude our three-hour hike. About 20 minutes into our walk we come upon Chichi-iwa Rock. Our guide tells us that the wife of the Hidehira Fujiwara, a powerful clan leader, gave birth to her child here during their pilgrimage. They left the child in the small cave and the infant was saved by a wolf who nourished the baby by dripping her milk down the rock. The child’s parents returned after their pilgrimage, collected their healthy infant son and returned home. Most trailside shrines are maintained by local villagers who tend them meticulously, adding fresh flowers and foliage, candles and offerings of tea.
Near the end of the hike is the Takahara Shrine, located among rare 1,000-year-old camphor trees on the outskirts of the eponymous village. This Buddhist shrine was constructed between 1392 and 1573 during the early Muromachi period. The shrine presumably houses a copper image of the Buddha, dating back to 1403, hidden from view, as is typical of sacred Buddhist objects.
During the hike, I was surprised how young the trees appeared to be before I learned the kusonoki (camphor tree) that once populated this region were systematically removed during the Meiji period, which lasted from 1868 to 1912. Emperor Meiji, determined to transport his country rapidly away from the feudal samurai-led society into modernity, razed many historical castles and some shrines as well.
The ancient camphor trees, with their massive girth and labyrinthine branches, fell under the same wave of modernization. According to our guide, these rare ancient trees at the Takahara Shrine still exist because the local Takahara leaders feted the axe-wielding Meiji officials so thoroughly that they departed the next morning yielding nothing more from their excavation mission than heavy sake-induced hangovers.
Japan’s relationship with nature has always fascinated me, though my impressions had previously only come from literature, gardening books and Japanese gardens in the Pacific Northwest. I thought Japanese gardens were all about the dry garden, the bonsai, the koi pond. But the actual wilderness is just that — wilder.
For seven days I was surrounded by an unkempt tangle of exposed roots, erratic boulders and, in apparently every mountain village, infinite natural springs. At no point was anyone glued to their phone, checking news sites or scorning at hostile tweets. Settling into the comforting onsen after another day on the trail, I resolved to be more purposeful in my own relationship with silence — and to supplant my cacophonous routine back in Seattle with intentional installments of quiet. | <urn:uuid:5e886d2e-be1c-4534-8d27-4c7b3e1629e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mic.com/articles/189375/hiking-the-sacred-kumano-kodo-route-in-japan-with-a-backpack-and-a-no-trump-talk-pact | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.952523 | 1,278 | 1.507813 | 2 |
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In Search of Community: Essays in Memory of Werner Stark, 1905-85
In Search of Community is a collection of thirteen essays by former students of Dr. Werner Stark, influential historian of social thought. The work opens with an introduction succinctly relating an outline of Stark's life's work encompassing the historical framework that influences him, and the personal events that shape his outlook and scholarship. The essayists address the entire range of central subjects of the sociological discipline by focusing on four areas of scientific debate: the epistemic (Sociology of Knowledge), the theoretical (Social Thought), the societal (Social Bond), and the religious (Sociology of Religion). Those four areas were also of substantive concern to Werner Stark and his extraordinary range and depth of knowledge is reflected in this collection of essays.
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Can anybody guide me on this problem?
you mean to say that i am going to substitute the numerator first quantity by y and so it is y^3 then the second quantity would be solely y?
then the denominator as well? pls guide me on this sir so confused to find what does maximum value
i made the hint given by richard1234 (x^3 + 1/x^3) ^2
and so i have obtained this
f(x)= (y^3 + y^3 - 3y) / (y^6 - (y^3 - 3y)^2 - 2 - 2)
= (y^3 + y^3 - 3y) / (y^6 - ( y^6 + 6y^4 + 9y^2) - 4
= (y^3 + y^3 - 3y) / 6 y^4 - 9y^2 - 4
= y(2y^2 - 3) / 3y^2 ( 2y^2 - 3) - 4
im stuck here ...
need your help
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From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
“Abnormality is anything which makes the rest of us look normal”
Abnormality: is A Behavioral Sciences term specifically related to the diagnosis and treatment of aberrant behavior through its relation to physical structures in the Brain. Its history as a science dates back to the early 1800's when German physician Franz Joseph Gall first proposed the theory of Phrenology. While the word abnormal is a contentious term that requires an arbitrary assessment of what constitutes being "normal", abnormality is a specific assessment based on undeniable facts. Everyone is fucked up, and it's the job of Behavioral Sciences to not only assess why an individual is a loony but to make that person aware of his or her abnormalities.
There are many common misconceptions about proper use of the term abnormality. The situation hasn't been helped by scientists in other fields of research who confuse the general public with continuous misuse of the term. Before we get to the serious research for scholars who wish to enrich themselves with an understanding of what abnormality is, we should first weed out the people who looked up the term abnormality to amuse themselves with cheap, freak show entertainment, or those who happen to be freaks themselves.
Deformity has absolutely nothing to do with abnormality. If you came here looking for pictures of deformed hands and babies I suggest you click your ass over to Google and do an image search for the term "deformed". This is not some kind of carnival side-show, this is Uncyclopedia.
Dysfunction is a term used in multiple fields of research, none of which happen to include abnormality. Dysfunction is a word that's popular with the "Self Help" crowd of whiny forty-somethings who figured out how fucked up they are only yesterday. If this happens to be you, here's some simple advice: Your parents are totally responsible for how screwed-up you are, so move on with what's left of your life. More importantly, get the hell off this page!
THIS IS YOUR BRAIN
Now that we have real scholars looking for hardcore scientific research about the mysteries of Human Psychological Abnormality, it's time to take a close look at the physical structures that compromise the Human Brain.
This is the area where maternal and paternal instincts reside. When a patient begins the breeding process, the Parental Lobe automatically swells to an enlarged state that lasts for roughly twenty years. Patients with an inflamed Parental Lobe normally have intense hatred towards displays of sexuality and will continuously say "what about our children" on daytime television talk shows.
Abnormality in the Parental Lobe: Causes a parent to act as if they didn't have children at all, perhaps treating a toddler like a Vegas showgirl.
The Occupational Lobe section of the brain is what controls conscious functioning when an employee goes to work. In order to control the negative stimulus generated by other sections of the brain in response to the Psychological vortex of employment, the Occupational Lobe takes control of most brain functions until the work stimulus is removed, protecting the overall psyche from damage.
Abnormality in the Occupational Lobe: Results in the complete loss of sanity within a mere few years for anyone employed by an average company.
Anger, alienation and violent emotions are all driven by the Temper Lobe, which is the easiest region in the Brain to stimulate. Agitating a patient can be accomplished with a myriad of internal and external stimuli. Internal Temper Lobe stimulants, such as the consumption of Alcohol, Amphetamines or Caffeine has been proven to magnify the irritating effects of external stimulants like insults and electric shocks, causing a patient to become violent with greater ease. English Soccer Hooligans who were allowed to consume several pints of Ale and subsequently forced to watch highlights of West Germany squeaking past England in 1990, exploded in such a violent rage that the experiment was never repeated again.
Abnormality in the Temper Lobe: is common amongst cult members, missionaries, Jehovah's Witnesses, submissive types and anyone else who refuses to be angry when properly provoked.
Full Frontal Lobe
The region of the brain associated with sexuality is located in the Full Frontal Lobe. All associations of the prurient interest are made starting in kindergarten and adolescence, then subsequently hardwired in the Full Frontal Lobe during adulthood. It's universally believed to be the most powerful part of the Brain, a theory which is continuously validated by the fact that most patients will not only fuck almost anything imaginable but will even spend money in that pursuit or in other silly arousal adventures.
Abnormality in the Full Frontal Lobe: is responsible for an aversion to sex with almost anything at all, even stuffed animals and ugly dolls. These poor souls will never experience the high state of arousal experienced by normal people when shown Brazilian scat porn, naked dancers or stomping videos and can usually be found riding tricycles sucking on lollipops and popsicles while looking for four leaf clovers and acorns.
The region of the Brain associated with being British is called Poms. Discovered by Australian Nobel Laureate Sir Bernard Katz while studying at the University of Leipzig, Katz received the Siegfried Garten Prize for physiological research in 1933 for isolating the Poms section of the Brain. Afterward, the term "Pommy Bastard" became a standard Australian and New Zealander term of endearment for inhabitants
of the British Isles which exists to this day. The Poms region of the Brain controls embarrassment, inhibition and shame.
Abnormality in the Poms Region: is inherent since having this physical structure is an abnormality in itself.
The region of the Brain associated with both processing and appreciating new experiences is called the Medjoola.
Abnormality in the Medjoola Region: can result in one of two extremes in behavior. Patients with low Medjoola activity tend to be xenophobic racists who exist in an idealized delusion of reality which is pervasive and inescapable. High activity is associated with patients who equate mandated diversification in the workplace with virtue, despite voluminous information to the contrary.
The region of the Brain associated with the tolerance of food that tastes disgusting is called the Celerybrum.
Abnormality in the Celerybrum:can also result in opposite extremes of behavior. Patients with low activity in the Celerybrum section of the brain find it difficult to eat anything but extremely bland food while high activity is associated with the people you see on Fear Factor eating Madagascan Hissing Cockroaches.
The region of the Brain associated with breakfast cereal consumption is called the Cerealbellum. The cereal industry spends billions of dollars every year on television advertising and research in an effort to covertly stimulate the Cerealbellums of the general public into preferring their product over that of the competition. Modern researchers have suggested that the Cerealbellum may actually be the gateway to consumerism but the Full Frontal Lobe is still considered the prime region associated with the shopping impulse.
Abnormality in the Cerealbellum: results in the intense dislike for breakfast cereals of any kind. People with this disorder are likely to become cereal killers if interventions and treatments aren't promptly administered.
Spinal Tap Cord
The region of the Brain associated with artistic expression is called the Spinal Tap Cord. The association between this structure and musical virtue originated in prehistoric times when the first Spinal Cord instruments were constructed and played by Neolithic Age musicians. In the 17th century, potential musical prodigies were once tested, shortly after birth, for artistic merit by performing Spinal Tap surgery and examining the fluid for sugar content. Composers such as Bach, Handel, Haydn and Mozart were all tested as infants and determined to have good taste.
Abnormality in the Spinal Tap Cord: results in the appreciation of music which is considered obnoxious to people with healthy, undamaged cords. Unfortunately, a solid majority of people are born with a damaged Spinal Tap Cord, resulting in the proliferation of top 100 Pop Music radio stations.
Brainstem And Brainseed
Abnormality of the Stem and Seed is essentially impossible as any physical deformity of these structures would result in immediate death. However, the abnormalities of other sections of the brain are expressed through the Brainstem and Brainseed.
Stem: The region of the Brain associated with experiencing consciousness is located at the Brainstem. The Brainstem consists of a nerve network that serves to interconnect all regions of the brain together as well as connecting the Brain to the central nervous system and the rest of the body. The Brainseed is a central location on the Brainstem where all thought and consciousness is experienced. It's considered the seat of abstract thought and humor as well as agony and despair.
Seed: The task of managing all of the complex and divergent impulses originating from other Brain regions is the sole job of the Brainseed. One of the reasons that committing suicide by firing a gun inside the mouth is so popular is because it's perfect for hitting and destroying the Brainseed, thereby ending the agony of reality as quickly as possible.
AM I NORMAL?
Let's Take A Test
The sole purpose of Behavioral Sciences is to make a patient aware of just how screwed up they really are through education and identification of behavioral Abnormality. Don't be a big wuss and answer these five true or false questions honestly:
- 1) I like to watch pornographic movies with small children (T/F)
- 2) I love the smell of Kidney Pie (T/F)
- 3) I love my job (T/F)
- 4) I am happy and contented at all times (T/F)
- 5) I like it when someone tells me to go fuck myself (T/F)
Adding Up Your Score
Let's go over the questions individually and generate a score based on your answers.
If You answered True: You're probably a Pedophile and you're vile and disgusting. +3 points
If You answered False: You're puritanical, inhibited and filled with shame. +2 points
If You answered True: Don't worry, it's all part of growing up and being British +2 points
If You answered False: You're a xenophobic racist living in an idealized fantasy world +3 points
If You answered True: You're full of shit +5 points
If You answered False: Your Occupational Lobe needs therapy +2 points
If You answered False: You're the death of any party and should never leave your home +2 points
If You answered True: You have an association with humiliation and sexual gratification that is perverse +3 points
If You answered False: You're a raging hothead who can't even take a little joke +2 points
Well, How Did You Do?
Less than 10 points: Congratulations, you're somewhat normal but we'll be watching you
10-15 Points: You have simmering issues that make you difficult to love. Continue to the next section to begin the healing process.
Over 15 Points: Not only are you as fucked up as the losers who scored between 10-15 points but you're in total denial of that fact, which means your Brain has numerous abnormalities.
WHAT SHOULD I DO NOW?
Ages 20 and under: Congratulations, you've made great strides in becoming aware of your abnormalities at an early age. Simply use the chart of Brain regions we've provided and stimulate the proper areas with a wooden mallet until you either feel normal or can pass the test.
Ages 20-30 Well, the prime years of youthful wonder are slipping through your fingers and you've only now discovered the extent of abnormality that exists in your frail psyche. Since multiple abnormalities are by now permanent, you're going to need the intense and personally rewarding experience of Behavioral Science therapy. Contact a modern Phrenologist immediately.
Ages 30 and above: Well, your life is practically over now and the newly found awareness of just how much abnormality is now a permanent member of your personality is finally sinking in. There's two choices for you to mull over here, either continuing with your blissful, yet unlovable, brand of ignorance and denial or becoming a whiny old "Self Help" junkie who should get the fuck off this page and research the term "dysfunctional" because we can't help you here. | <urn:uuid:fa9669d3-0e33-4ac7-a0e3-e111fedab024> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Abnormality | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00560-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952357 | 2,578 | 2.671875 | 3 |
A new ITU-T Technology Watch Report provides an overview of technology-caused driver distraction and surveys standards, guidelines and initiatives aiming at making the use of in-vehicle information and communication systems less distracting.
Texting, making calls, and other interaction with in-vehicle information and communication systems while driving is a serious source of driver distraction and increases the risk of traffic accidents. Technology-caused driver distraction is a global problem and has its stake in the more than 1.2 million people dying in road crashes each year
. These numbers are more than reason enough for the United Nations Road Safety Collaboration
to launch a Decade of Action for Road Safety (2011-2020) to halt or reverse the increasing trend in road traffic deaths and injuries around the world.
In April 2010, ITU Council adopted a Resolution on “ITU’s role in ICTs and improving Road Safety,” instructing the Director of ITU’s Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) to bring this matter to the attention of the relevant groups in ITU-T, such as Study Group 12
and the Focus Group on Car Communication
. The annual Fully Networked Car workshop, jointly organized by ISO, IEC and ITU at the Geneva International Motor Show, will also contribute to raising awareness on this important issue.
Dialing a hand-held device increases a driver’s chance of being involved in a vehicle crash by three times and talking while driving increases the crash risk by 1.3 times. When composing or reading text messages (SMS) drivers spend up to 400 per cent more time with their eyes off the road than they do when not texting. Mobile broadband enables drivers and passengers to benefit from innovative applications
and location-based services, but used at the wheel, smartphones contribute to inattention.
By implementing standardized human-machine interfaces in their devices and applications, manufacturers can make their use less distracting. Advanced speech recognition and text-to-speech features, and ensured Quality of Service of in-vehicle hands-free systems may minimize driver distraction. Future safety technologies may temporarily or permanently disable certain features of information and communication technologies used by the driver, based on constantly updated status information provided by sensors inside and outside the vehicle.
These and other approaches to reduce technology-based driver distraction and to increase road safety are discussed in a number of standardization bodies, including ITU-T
and ISO. The Technology Watch Report highlights their work and points out options for ITU’s role in ICT and road safety.
A dedicated website
provides additional sources of information and an overview of ITU-T Study Groups with work items related to driver distraction.Download Report Go to Driver Distraction Website | <urn:uuid:3151c3a8-ebd2-41bb-b3cc-9fb95feb2563> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/newslog/default,date,2010-09-14.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00228-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921056 | 563 | 2.828125 | 3 |
This week three brilliant Gateway School pupils were recognised for their fabulous I.T. skills. Nearly 100 Gateway pupils entered the group wide Bellevue Education ‘Together we can’ competition which was open to entries from all 21 Bellevue schools. Students were challenged to interpret the theme of ‘Together we can’ using a digital platform of their choice. The judges were especially impressed with the wide range of software Gateway students used - including Google Docs, Slides, Forms and Drawings, Adobe Spark video, Book creator, Soundtrap and Scratch Coding.
Using the Book Creator iPad app, a Year 2 pupil wowed the judges with her vibrant combination of text and hand drawn images conveying the idea that, together, we can help the environment. She scooped the prize for Key Stage 1.
In Key Stage 2, two Year 6 pupils collaborated and won with their Scratch game that could only be completed by two players working together at the same time which included complex colour sensing code in order to achieve their goal. | <urn:uuid:0284c394-2cee-4e7e-b394-c719773decc2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gatewayschool-bucks.co.uk/school-life/latest-news/tech-geniuses-win-country-wide-awards | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.972828 | 210 | 1.820313 | 2 |
gcsescience.com 2 gcsescience.com
What are Radioactive Nuclei?
What is in the Nucleus of an Atom?
The nucleus of an atom
contains protons and neutrons.
Protons are all positively charged and repel each other.
The protons in the nucleus are held together by a
force called the strong nuclear force (or strong interaction).
neutrons are sometimes called nucleons.
The number of protons is called the atomic number.
The number of protons plus neutrons is called the mass number.
The mass number is sometimes called the nucleon number.
See further information for a more detailed description of an atom.
What are Radioactive Isotopes?
Isotopes of an element can exist
where the atoms have
different numbers of neutrons.
A stable atom will have a stable number of neutrons.
For small atoms (containing less than 20 protons) a stable atom
will have approximately the same number of protons and neutrons.
An atom which is very different from this will be unstable.
nucleus will decay and
Radioactive nuclei are also called radioactive isotopes,
radioisotopes and radionuclides (they all mean the same thing).
After the decay, the nucleus will have changed into a
more stable form. The atomic number will have changed
and a new element is formed (see some examples).
Links Radioactivity Revision Questions
gcsescience.com Physics Quiz Index Radioactivity Quiz gcsescience.com
Home GCSE Chemistry GCSE Physics
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Lisfranc (midfoot) injuries result if bones in the midfoot are broken or ligaments that support the midfoot are torn. The severity of the injury can vary from simple to complex, involving many joints and bones in the midfoot.
A Lisfranc injury is often mistaken for a simple sprain, especially if the injury is a result of a straightforward twist and fall. However, injury to the Lisfranc joint is not a simple sprain that should be simply "walked off." It is a severe injury that may take many months to heal and may require surgery to treat.Anatomy
The midfoot is the middle region of the foot, where a cluster of small bones forms an arch on the top of the foot. From this cluster, five long bones (metatarsals) extend to the toes. The bones are held in place by connective tissues (ligaments) that stretch both across and down the foot. However, there is no connective tissue holding the first metatarsal to the second metatarsal. A twisting fall can break or shift (dislocate) these bones out of place.The Lisfranc joint complex includes the bones and ligaments that connect the midfoot and forefoot. Lisfranc injuries include ligament strains and tears, as well as fractures and dislocations of bone (far right).
The midfoot is critical in stabilizing the arch and in walking (gait). During walking, the midfoot transfers the forces generated by the calf muscles to the front of the foot.
The midfoot joint complex is also called the Lisfranc joint. It is named after French surgeon Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin, who served in the Napoleonic army in the 1800s.
The Lisfranc joint complex has a specialized bony and ligamentous structure, providing stability to this joint.Description
The midfoot will be affected if the bones are broken (fractured) or the ligaments are torn (ruptured). Injuries can vary, from a simple injury that affects only a single joint to a complex injury that disrupts multiple different joints and includes multiple fractures.(Left) This is a subtle injury to the midfoot with widening between the first and second metatarsals (circle), compared with the normal foot on the left. (Center) This x-ray shows a fracture of the second metatarsal (arrow) and a fracture of the cuboid (circle). (Right) This shows a very severe injury of the foot from a high-energy event. It has resulted in a complete dislocation of the entire midfoot (box). Because no bones have been broken, a fusion may be recommended, given the high risk for future arthritis.
Lisfranc injuries tend to damage the cartilage of the midfoot joints. Cartilage covers the ends of bones in the joints, allowing the joints to move smoothly. If severe midfoot injuries are not treated with surgery, then damage to the cartilage and increased stress at the midfoot joints will result in both flatfoot and arthritis, which require complex surgery to correct. Even with successful surgery for the Lisfranc injury, arthritis can still develop in later life.Cause
These injuries can happen with a simple twist and fall. This is a low-energy injury. It is commonly seen in football and soccer players. It is often seen when someone stumbles over the top of a foot flexed downwards.
More severe injuries occur from direct trauma, such as a fall from a height. These high-energy injuries can result in multiple fractures and dislocations of the joints.Symptoms
The most common symptoms of Lisfranc injury include:
If standard treatment for a sprain (rest, ice, elevation) does not relieve pain and swelling, you should seek care from an orthopaedic surgeon.Doctor Examination
After talking with you about your symptoms and discussing your concerns, your doctor will examine your foot and ankle. Although some of the physical tests the doctor will perform may be painful, none of them will make the injury worse.The discoloration on the bottom of the foot is very suggestive of a Lisfranc injury.
Specific things your doctor will look for include:
Other tests that the doctor may order to help confirm your diagnosis include:
X-rays. Broken bones (fractures) and the position of the bones can be seen in an x-ray picture. An x-ray also can show the alignment of the Lisfranc joint. Any change in the normal joint may suggest injury to the ligaments.
If the injury happened after a simple twist and fall (a low-energy injury), the doctor may ask that an x-ray be taken with the patient standing. In this case, the doctor is looking for a ligament injury, especially if the bones are not expected to be broken. Injuries will not be made worse from a standing (weightbearing) x-ray, nor will an injury that might be treated without surgery progress to need surgery if this test is done. The doctor sometimes may take x-rays of your uninjured foot, either for comparison or to determine the stability of the joint.(Left) In this non-weightbearing x-ray, the Lisfranc injury does not show any abnormal widening (arrow). (Right) The tear of the Lisfranc ligament is more evident in this weightbearing stress x-ray, showing a widening of the joint.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. These studies can create better images of soft tissues like the tendons. This test is not required to diagnose a Lisfranc injury. It may be ordered in cases where the diagnosis may be in doubt.
Computerized tomography scan (CT ) scan. These scans are more detailed than x-rays and can create cross-section images of the foot. This test is not required to diagnose a Lisfranc injury. Because a CT scan will help evaluate the exact extent of the injury and the number of joints that have been injured, a surgeon may order this test to help plan surgery.Treatment
Treatment for a Lisfranc injury depends on how severe the injury is.
If there are no fractures or dislocations in the joint and the ligaments are not completely torn, nonsurgical treatment may be all that is necessary for healing. A nonsurgical treatment plan includes wearing a non-weightbearing cast for 6 weeks. You must be very strict about not putting weight on your injured foot during this period. This then progresses to weightbearing in a removable cast boot or an orthotic.
Your doctor will want to follow up with you regularly and take additional x-rays to make sure your foot is healing well. In the course of follow up, if there is any evidence that the bones in the injured joint have moved, then surgery will be needed to put the bones back in place.
Surgery is recommended for all injuries with a fracture in the joints of the midfoot or with abnormal positioning (subluxation) of the joints. The goal of surgical treatment is to realign the joints and return the broken (fractured) bone fragments to a normal position.
Internal fixation. In this procedure, the bones are positioned correctly (reduced) and held in place with plates or screws. Because the plates or screws will be placed across joints that normally have some motion, some or all of this hardware may be removed at a later date. This can vary from 3 to 5 months after surgery, and is at the surgeon's discretion.
Occasionally, the hardware may break before it is removed. This is not unusual when screws or plates span bones that have some movement. Metal can fatigue and fail under these conditions, just as a paperclip will fail if bent repeatedly. Most often surgery is successful even if some of the hardware fails.Various methods of internal fixation can be used to fix Lisfranc injuries. (Left) Multiple screws can be used. (Center) A combination of plates and screws are sometimes required when fractures are present in addition to a torn ligament. (Right) Plates that span the joints are also an excellent method of fixation.
Fusion. If the injury is severe and has damage that cannot be repaired, fusion may be recommended as the initial surgical procedure. A fusion is essentially a "welding" process. The basic idea is to fuse together the damaged bones so that they heal into a single, solid piece.
Lisfranc injuries that may require fusion include joints that cannot be repaired with screws or plates or when the ligaments are severely ruptured. The hardware will not need to be removed because the joints are fused and will not move after they heal.
Rehabilitation. After either surgery (reduction or fusion), a period of nonweightbearing for 6 to 8 weeks is recommended in a cast or cast boot. Weightbearing is started while the patient is in the boot if the x-rays look appropriate after 6 to 8 weeks. The amount of weight a patient can put on their foot, as well as the distance the patient is allowed to walk, is at the surgeon's discretion. Impact activities, such as running and jumping, should be avoided until the hardware has been removed.Recovery
Some athletes never return to their pre-injury levels of sport after these injuries. Despite excellent surgical reduction and fixation, arthritis may occur from the damage to the cartilage. This may result in chronic pain and may require fusion in the future.
If you found this article helpful, you may also be interested in Arthritis of the Foot and Ankle.
We are Vaccinated | <urn:uuid:32fbc7a9-d4dc-454f-ab9e-5eb7b80d89b7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://robotichipandknee.com/patient-education/foot-and-ankle/lisfranc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.940327 | 2,011 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Today I noticed a nice thing about using “raw” hard disk images with QEMU: the images are sparse files. What does it mean? Sparse files are an useful feature of many file system formats that saves space in case of files that contain chunks of zero data. My host’s file system is formatted with ext4, so it does support sparse files. The real file size can be checked with “-s” option of “ls” command; for example, when creating the image:
$ qemu-img create -f raw debian-testing.img 10G Formatting 'debian-testing.img', fmt=raw size=10737418240 $ ls -lsh debian-testing.img 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 francesco francesco 10G 2011-05-08 15:16 debian-testing.img
The first number (zero) is the actual size of the file on disk; it is still zero because nothing has been written on it yet. I used this image to install Debian “squeeze” testing distribution on a guest QEMU, and this is the same command after a full installation:
$ ls -lsh debian-testing.img 4.2G -rw-r--r-- 1 francesco francesco 10G 2011-05-08 15:12 debian-testing.img
When the guest operating system writes into its emulated hard disk, real space is used on the host file system. If the guest tries to read a block of the emulated hard disk that has not been written yet, it will return zeros.
The used disk space inside the guest system is actually smaller than 4.2G because, after a while, the guest operating system will have written and removed many files on its own file system, but the real space will remain written and allocated even for removed files. Some of that space can be reclaimed with a trick that temporarily uses more space on the host. In the guest operating system, run as root:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/tmpzeros
It will run for a while, and fill the emulated hard disk with zero values. The real size of the file on the host filesystem will grow to reach its maximum. It should stop when there’s no more disk space, but it can also be interrupted with Ctrl-C. Then run:
# sync # rm /tmp/tmpzeros
Shut down the guest, then on the host run:
$ qemu-img convert -f raw -O raw debian-testing.img debian-testing-0.img
It will create a new sparse file that will be smaller than the original because the all-zeros blocks will not be written in the new image. The guest system can now use “debian-testing-0.img” as its hard disk image without noticing any change, and the original “debian-testing.img” can be removed.
The tradeoff between qcow2 format and raw format is about image size vs performance, but I have never took into consideration the fact that raw images are sparse files. | <urn:uuid:5be2fcd6-2a95-485d-a06e-8cd467926260> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://balau82.wordpress.com/2011/05/08/qemu-raw-images-real-size/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00318-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884916 | 663 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Veterans Are Natural Born Entrepreneurs
The SBA announced last month that it would extend fee relief on its popular 7(a) loan for amounts of $150,000 or less. The fee-relief program, originally slated to expire on Sept. 30, was extended one year.
“We owe a debt of gratitude and so much more to our service men and women, and veterans who are the cornerstone of small business ownership," said SBA Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet in a prepared statement. "This fee relief will continue to help veteran business owners who grow their businesses, create jobs in their communities, and put their training and passion for our country to work in their neighborhoods.”
Many consider a veteran to be the perfect entrepreneur. The Fire and Adjust website noted 10 reasons why veterans make good entrepreneurs: confidence, self motivation, discipline, listening skills, determination, leadership, risk management, stress management, teamwork and focus.
Eddie Sell, an active fire captain in Long Beach, Calif., and the owner of Bellflower, Calif.-based Firehouse Chefs Food + Drink, represents one of the nearly 10 percent of U.S. entrepreneurs who went from servicemember to entrepreneur.
“I was very fortunate when I was in the Navy," Sell tells me during a recent interview. "I was trained in the culinary arts and I was assigned to a high-profile position serving an admiral and other VIPs.”
“I loved what I did and always knew that I would one day own my own restaurant," Sell adds. "I started with a catering business that eventually turned into Firehouse Chefs Food + Drink. It took a while but I was able to make my dream come true by staying focused on my goal and taking advantage of a special loan program."
In the near term more than 250,000 servicemembers a year will transition into civilian life, according to the SBA. This means the economy will likely experience a significant increase in veteran-owned businesses.
The SBA helps entrepreneurs like Sell through its Small Business Development Center (or SBDC) program, providing management assistance to current and prospective small business owners. These centers offer one-stop assistance, including information and guidance, to individuals and small businesses in central and easily accessible branch locations.
“I know firefighting and cooking inside and out," Sell says. "I did not know how to put a business plan together. The consultant at the SBDC worked with me for several months to put together a business plan to help me succeed with the restaurant and to get a bank loan." What's more, the agency arranged for the consulting services to be provided for free.
In September, Kauffman FastTrac, created by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, announced a free 10-week online entrepreneurship training program for veterans.
“Veterans possess some of the most important skills needed to become successful entrepreneurs,” said Michele Markey, vice president of Kauffman FastTrac. “Leadership experience, and the ability to calculate risk, manage teams and take initiative are invaluable characteristics of successful business owners.”
The following are some tips to help veteran entrepreneurs succeed in business:
1. Leverage military training.
Through their years in service, veterans learned valuable skills relevant to running a business, including confidence, self motivation, discipline, listening, determination, leadership, risk management, stress management, teamwork and focus.
Veterans should make the most of their acquired skills and treat them as a competitive advantage. While these skills no longer mean making decisions that amount to the difference between life and death, they can be enlisted to keep a business alive and thriving.
2. Set up a veteran-owned business.
These days diversity programs extend beyond aiding minority- and women-owned programs. Programs within large corporations and government agencies assist veteran-owned and disabled-veteran-owned businesses. Veterans should seek out local, state and federal certifications that give priority to veteran-owned businesses.
3. Check resources.
4. Seek out training.
Running a business is not easy. Programs such as the one offered by Kauffman FastTrac or Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses can be beneficial. Veterans can also inquire about other training opportunities by contacting local community colleges, SCORE and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
Being an entrepreneur is a lonely job. Apart from accruing business-development advantages from actively networking, veterans can receive valuable mentoring from other former servicepeople. Such relationships can be beneficial for dealing with business matters and challenges arising from having been in active service.
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'Man's Best Friend' — and Investment: The Thriving Industry of Pet-Related Franchising | <urn:uuid:7c0bcd68-aac5-4849-8073-edec0b976f6e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/238079?utm_source=FoxNews&utm_medium=related&utm_campaign=syndication | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.955086 | 1,102 | 1.539063 | 2 |
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Surname meaning for "Park"
English and Scottish: from Middle English, Old French parc ‘park’; a metonymic occupational name for someone employed in a park or a topographic name for someone who lived in or near a park. In the Middle Ages a park was a large enclosed area where the landowner could hunt game. | <urn:uuid:ff4fef2c-abbd-42ba-a39f-2e1f2235778e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/mary-lou-park_27667139 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719468.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00529-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968675 | 95 | 2.890625 | 3 |
New research adds to the growing body of evidence that how the famous anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is not a possible defence against Covid-19. The study, published in the journal Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, found that HCQ is not effective in preventing COVID-19 in patients with lupus and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), suggesting a broader interpretation of HCQ as ineffective preventive medicine for the general population.
"Our study shows, with a large degree of confidence, that HCQ is ineffective as a preventive antiviral in people with SLE and/or RA taking drugs that suppress their immune system, putting them at greater risk," said study lead author Mendel Singer from the Case Western Reserve University in the US.
Many researchers have focused on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and RA because HCQ is frequently taken by these patients. Anecdotal reports in the early stages of the pandemic showed these patients were not getting Covid-19.
Earlier researchers then explored HCQ in the lab and found it effective against the virus, in addition to its already established anti-inflammatory properties, so testing in people for prevention or treatment at first held some promise. Since those early tests, various more recent studies have shown that HCQ is not effective in treating moderate-to-severe hospitalised cases. Treatment with HCQ early in the disease or for mild cases is still under review.
The research team drew on a large national database, pulling de-identified patient data from 36 health systems, to compile a much larger study than previous work, looking at patients with SLE and/or RA and their health outcomes related to their use of HCQ. Prior studies had fewer than 20 Covid-19 patients with SLE and/or RA; this study had 159. This study showed that patients with SLE and/or RA who contracted Covid-19 were just as likely to be taking HCQ as SLE and/or RA patients who did not get Covid-19.
"By drawing on data from a relatively large patient population with lupus and/or RA, we can offer a higher level of confidence in our findings," said Singer.
"We see from this large retrospective review that this drug is ineffective in preventing Covid-19 in these patients who have been taking HCQ," he added."If HCQ were effective in prevention, we would have seen fewer HCQ-taking SLE/RA patients with Covid-19, but did not," the study authors noted.
"This likely means that HCQ is not active against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in humans--versus in the lab--and is unlikely to be an effective preventive antiviral for anyone," they noted.
Last month, a study published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed that HCQ was ineffective for Covid-19 patients with early and mild symptoms as well. | <urn:uuid:7c83f0ef-6175-4b9d-bfcb-779d38e46967> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/hcq-hydroxychloroquine-ineffective-as-preventive-antiviral-against-covid-19-study-642972 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.971188 | 617 | 2.671875 | 3 |
A stereotyped package containing only references to model elements owned by another package. It is used to provide a 'public view' of some of the contents of a package.
A property, like operation or attribute, that is encapsulated within a classifier, such as an Interface, a Class, or a Datatype.
A pseudo-state that indicates an end.
A special kind of State signifying that the enclosing composite State or the entire State Machine is completed.
To execute a State transition.
See also: transition
An element that depicts an exit from the system, as opposed to the Activity Final, which represents the completion of the activity.
A stereotyped Class that defines the core logic or control flow for one or more auxiliary Classes that support it. Focus Classes are typically used together with one or more auxiliary Classes, and are particularly useful for specifying the core business logic or control flow of components during design.
See also: auxiliary class
focus of control
A symbol on a Sequence diagram that shows the period of time during which an object is performing an action, either directly or through a subordinate procedure.
The process of generating source code from the UML model.
Used in State Machine diagrams as pseudo-states. With respect to State Machine diagrams, a Fork pseudo-state signifies that its incoming transition comes from a single State, and it has multiple outgoing transitions.
A stereotyped package containing model elements that specify a reusable architecture for all or part of a system. Frameworks typically include Classes, Patterns or templates. When frameworks are specialized for an application domain, they are sometimes referred to as Application frameworks.
See also: pattern | <urn:uuid:4ba84fb9-d171-46d8-9f9d-f4078ff8145d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sparxsystems.com/enterprise_architect_user_guide/8.0/glossary_of_terms/f(glossary).html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00457-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904538 | 338 | 2.75 | 3 |
David M. Kennedy
IT was the worst of times when Franklin Delano Roosevelt assumed the presidency in March 1933. Following the ruinous stock market crash of late 1929, the bottom seemed to drop out of the American economy. By 1933, securities listed on the New York Stock Exchange had lost more than three-quarters of their 1929 value. Industrial production had fallen to half its 1929 level. Agricultural income had plummeted even more sharply. Piles of unmarketable wheat flanked railroad tracks across the plains states. Desperate Iowa farmers blockaded the approaches to Sioux City in the summer of 1932, assaulting vehicles that tried to breach the makeshift barricades of logs and spiked telephone poles.
Americans had earned some $88 billion in 1929. Those still lucky enough to be working earned less than half that amount four years later. One wage earner in four—some 13 million people—had no job in 1933. Some 5,000 banks collapsed in the first three years of the depression, carrying down with them the life savings of tens of thousands of citizens. Those cold statistics only hinted at the human suffering that the Great Depression inflicted. Anxious men and women postponed or canceled plans to marry. Struggling couples had fewer children. Even the divorce rate declined, as the contracting economy sealed the exits from unhappy marriages. Disillusioned immigrants forsook the fabled American land of promise and returned by the thousands to their old countries. Nearly 100,000 down-and-out Americans responded to an advertisement in 1931 offering employment in the Soviet Union. More than a million homeless hoboes drifted about the country in search of work. "Hoovervilles," tar-paper and cardboard shanty-towns derisively named for the incumbent president, sprang up on the outskirts of virtually every major city.
One such encampment of the unemployed arose in the summer of 1932 on the damp flatlands along the Anacostia River, in the District of Columbia. Bivouacked in old pup tents and huts fashioned from packing cases, some fifteen thousand veterans of World War I sought by their presence in Washington to wring from Congress the early award of a war-service bonus scheduled to be paid in 1945. President Hoover responded by putting the White House under guard, chaining its gates, and mobilizing four troops of cavalry under the command of General Douglas MacArthur. Exceeding his orders to contain the "Bonus Expeditionary Force" in their campsite at Anacostia Flats, MacArthur cleared the area with tear gas and put the marchers' shacks to the torch.
Against this background of deepening economic distress and rising social tension, Democrats met in Chicago in June 1932 to nominate their presidential candidate. Their party had not commanded the White House since Woodrow Wilson's departure in 1921. In the intervening years, the party had been riven by apparently irreconcilable conflicts between its stunningly disparate factions: agriculturalists opposed industrialists; the largely rural, Protestant, old-stock Anglo-Saxon South, still the party's principal power base, struggled to accommodate the growing influence of the Catholic American body politic. Their effort to coalesce, to agree on a candidate, and to govern thus tested the ability of the society itself to cope with the crisis of the depression in a coherent, effective way.
James MacGregor Burns, Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox (New York, 1956) and Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (New York, 1970), comprise the most exhaustive biography of Roosevelt and deal with the New Deal and the war years, respectively. Two superb one-volume treatments of FDR are Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Rendezvous with Destiny (Boston, 1990), and Ted Morgan, FDR: A Biography (New York, 1985). Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., The Age of Roosevelt , 3 vols. (Boston, 1957–1960), a brilliantly partisan history, is rich in detail and anecdote, covering the period up to 1936. Frank B. Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt , 4 vols. (Boston, 1952–1973), is the most detailed of the Roosevelt studies, though these volumes take the story only as far as 1933.
A massive, gripping examination of how FDR was changed by his illness is Geoffrey C. Ward, A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt (New York, 1989). Betty H. Winfield, FDR and the News Media (Urbana, Ill., 1990), is the best of a number of books that have been written on its subject. Invaluable for details is Otis L. Graham, Jr., and Meghan Robinson Wander, Franklin D. Roosevelt, His Life and Times: An Encyclopedic View (Boston, 1985). Two contrasting recent interpretations are Philip Abbott, The Exemplary Presidency: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the American Political Tradition (Amherst, Mass., 1990), and Robert Shogan, Hard Bargain: How FDR Twisted Churchill's Arm, Evaded the Law, and Changed the Role of the American Presidency (New York, 1995).
Anthony J. Badger, The New Deal: The Depression Years, 1933–40 (New York, 1989), gives an excellent account of Roosevelt's principal social and economic policies. William E. Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932–1940 (New York, 1963), is an eminently readable, engaging account of the Roosevelt years up to 1940. Leuchtenburg's The FDR Years: On Roosevelt and His Legacy (New York, 1995), is the mature summing-up of one of the preeminent students of FDR's career. Paul K. Conkin, The New Deal , rev. ed. (New York, 1975), is the best of the "revisionist" accounts criticizing the New Deal for being too timid, even conservative. Ellis W. Hawley, The New Deal and the Problem of Monopoly: A Study in Economic Ambivalence (Princeton, N.J., 1966), is the leading study of New Deal domestic economic policies. Alan Brinkley, Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression (New York, 1982), is a fresh, suggestive analysis of the two Depression-era figures who had a plausible chance, if anyone did, of wringing radical results from the crisis of the 1930s. The same author's The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War (New York, 1995) examines the economic policy debates of the later Roosevelt years.
Robert Dallek, Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945 (New York, 1979), the only complete account of Roosevelt's foreign policies, is an unusually thorough and intelligent work. John Morton Blum, From the Morgenthau Diaries , 3 vols. (Boston, 1959–1967), a meticulous history of the Roosevelt years from the perspective of the Treasury Department, is particularly informative about foreign economic policy.
Waldo Heinrichs, Threshold of War: Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Entry into World War II (New York, 1988), analyzes in detail the fateful year of 1941. A scintillating evocation of FDR's military leaders is Eric Larrabee, Commander in Chief: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, His Lieutenants, and Their War (New York, 1987). Warren F. Kimball, ed., Churchill and Roosevelt: The Complete Correspondence , 3 vols. (Princeton, N.J., 1984), is an indispensable source for the war years. John Morton Blum, V Was for Victory: Politics and American Culture During World War II (New York, 1976), is a comprehensive and somewhat disillusioned discussion of the home front during World War II.
A mesmerizing estimate of the Franklin Roosevelts as a couple is Doris Kearns Goodwin, No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt; The Home Front in World War II (New York, 1994). It supplements Joseph P. Lash, Eleanor and Franklin: The Story of Their Relationship, Based On Eleanor Roosevelt's Private Papers (New York, 1971).
Recent works include James MacGregor Burns and Susan Dunn, The Three Roosevelts: Patrician Leaders Who Transformed America (New York, 2001), which examines the roles of Theodore Roosevelt in inspiring his cousins Eleanor and Franklin to work for social and economic justice. Kenneth S. Davis, FDR: The War President, 1940–1943: A History (New York, 2000), the latest of the author's books on Roosevelt, is good on the role of Harry Hopkins. Thomas J. Fleming, The New Dealers' War: FDR and the War within World War II (New York, 2001), sharply challenges the traditional veneration of Roosevelt as a leader in World War II. Jonas Klein (introduction by George J. Mitchell), Beloved Island: Franklin and Eleanor and the Legacy of Campobello (Forest Dale, Vt., 2000), explores the role of the Roosevelts' summer home in shaping their private lives. See also Joseph E. Persico, Roosevelt's Secret War: FDR and World War II Espionage (New York, 2001), and David Reynolds, From Munich to Pearl Harbor: Roosevelt's America and the Origins of the Second World War (Chicago, 2001). | <urn:uuid:9c442b19-e32d-423d-b36f-f0ed60839e42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.presidentprofiles.com/Grant-Eisenhower/Roosevelt-Franklin-D.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.886298 | 1,906 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Safety First! But, Why?!
Guest writer Bill Pyles tackles OSHA regulations in his guest blog entitled “Safety First! But, Why?!”
Summer is here and this time of year I’d put some notes together for the next team meeting to give a safety update; specifically, how to recognize heat stroke. I cannot say enough about OSHA’s excellent heat index ap. Go to your app store and download OSHA/NIOSH Heat Safety Tool. Do it today, now!!!
Heat stroke is a killer that does not need to darken your doorway. As I write this the outside temp in central Florida is 89oF. The heat index is 102oF and into the “danger zone”. Another day in sunny Florida!
Here are some symptoms of heat stroke.
- Confused, blurred speech
- Loss of consciousness
- Red, hot, dry skin or profuse sweating
- Very high body temperature
If you suspect a person has heat stroke, call 911.
- Stay with the person until medical help arrives
- Move the person to a shady, cooler area
- Remove the person’s outer clothing
- Cool quickly with cold water or ice bath if possible; wet the skin, please cold, wet towels on the skin, or soak clothing in cool water
- Fan air around the person
- Place cold, wet towels or ice on the person’s head, neck, armpits, and groin.
Through my 48-year career, the one constant is safety. Let your guard down for a moment and you may get an unpleasant safety reminder. The other constant throughout the last 48 years is the barrage of safety memo’s, fact & figures, testimonies, yellow lines on floors and more. What was missing is the “why”. Too many times a safety inspection will reveal some infractions such as garbage in front of the electrical panel, spray paint left out on work benches, spray containers on tech’s toolboxes not marked or labeled, bench grinder “out of adjustment” or no lid on the shop trash cans. The shop manager will get the safety write up, make the necessary corrections and life (pun intended) goes on. But has the shop manager or the people working in the shop learned from the experience? My guess is no; other than forming opinions that the safety guy’s job is to make everyone else miserable, slow down production and nit-pick. He needs to get a “real” job and leave us alone!
Let’s look at some common safety infractions and discuss the “why.”
Please note that some of the items noted may have different or more safety regulations than noted below.
- Full oxygen bottles are required to be stored with the bottle caps on and the bottle secured in a standing position.
- Why? A full oxygen bottle is charged with approximately 2,200 psi of oxygen. If the bottle should fall over and break off the off-on valve, the bottle becomes a rocket which will be capable of going thru cinder block walls, smashing anything in its way. Google “Oxygen Tank Rocket” and it should make you a believer!
- Electrical panels require a clear zone 36 inches to either side and 36 inches to the front of the panel. No clutter or nothing leaning against the electrical panel.
- Why? I was working in a contractor’s shop, pulling the steering clutches out of a Cat 977L. The contractor had installed electric overhead hoists in his shop. I had the Cat setting on stands with the tracks and roller frames removed (also doing the undercarriage at the time) and the bucket was raised and supported by a safety bar on the lift cylinder. The stands were at the four corners of the machine. As I was trying to feather one of the clutches out of the case, I noticed it was hung up on the steering clutch flanges and the back of the machine came off the stands. I quickly let go of the hoist button, but the machine kept going up. The up button was stuck! I had no idea where the electrical panel was that supplied the power to the hoist. One of the customer’s techs working with me quickly ran over to the electrical panel, opened the door, and switched off the breaker just before the Cat was about to fall off the stands. You can only imagine the alternate outcome if there had been something blocking access the electrical panel. Fortunately, the only casualty this time was some soiled underwear!
- All secondary containers must be properly labeled.
- Why? We have all seen techs work benched or toolbox will have spray containers on their work bench or toolbox. These secondary (secondary means the spray bottle was filed from another container) spray containers could have glass cleaner for cleaning cabs, solvent for rusted hardware, or plain water and soap mixture for tight seals. If tech sprayed a flammable near a heat source, there could be an explosion and or fire. If a tech was accidentally sprayed in the face, not knowing what the liquid was in the container could delay the proper remediation.
- All flammables must be stored in a flammable safety cabinet.
- Why? Most shops also do welding (get those welding shields up) and cutting which create a fair amount of sparks. Most paint cans, PB Blaster cans are very thin metal and most oil containers in one gallon or less containers are plastic. Welding and or grinding sparks can ignite one of the containers mentioned above. And if it’s a pressurized can, you’ll have another bottle rocket to deal with.
- Bench grinder is out of adjustment.
- Why? I’m not sure why, maybe because this is a tool everyone uses but no one is responsible for. The shop bench grinder is almost always out of adjustment, but everyone keeps on using it. The correct gap of the tool rest should be 1/8 inch from the tool rest to the grinding wheel. Any larger gap and you’ll run the risk of pulling a finger or a tool in between the tool rest and the grinding wheel.
- At one OSHA inspection, I was asked for the proper steps to change a grinding wheel. Piece of cake I thought then proceeded to go thru the simple process of changing a grinding wheel. I thought I nailed it, but the OSHA person just stood there and looked at me, informing me I’d missed one of the most important steps. The “Ring Test”. What??
- Before mounting a grinding wheel, inspect it visually for any cracks or chips. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which regulates worker safety in commercial and educational facilities, recommends testing the integrity of a grinding wheel by performing a ring test prior to mounting.
- Support the wheel in a horizontal position on your fingertips and tap the wheel using the plastic handle of a screwdriver about 1″ from the edge in each of the wheel’s four quadrants. The sound of an undamaged wheel will give a clear ringing tone. If cracked, there will be a dead sound, and the wheel should not be used. Make sure the wheel is dry and clean before applying this test. After you test one side, turn the wheel over and repeat on the other side.
On a side note, I’ve seen the results of a grinding wheel exploding. It can cause serious operator injury. Usually, the wheel explodes due to being cracked or becoming unbalanced. There is no warning.
I’ve visited hundreds of shops during my career and usually the shop knew I was coming to visit. It did truly bother me that at times, the shop would shut down a day before my visit or a high-level OEM visit, to get the shop presentable. This was an indication to me that safety was more show then go. I’d spend more time with the shop manager to help him understand safety is what ensures we all go home at the end of the shift in just as good of shape as when we came to work. I’d take the shop manager and the techs around the shop for a quick look-see safety inspection. When I’d find a safety violation, I’d point it out, explain what the hazard could be and why a safety rule was in place to prevent the hazard. I wanted them to know the “why.” Equipment, shop tooling, facilities have no concern for your safety. You are responsible for your safety and the safety of those working round you.
Your family is depending on you! | <urn:uuid:4a34fb5e-eb9f-48b3-9cfc-6bc92967dee4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://learningwithoutscars.com/socrates-says-blog/safety-first-but-why/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.952652 | 1,800 | 2.203125 | 2 |
For the second screen of the triple screen trading system, Dr. Alexander Elder recommends the use of sophisticated and modern oscillators like force index and Elder-Ray. However, traders should not feel limited to either of these two oscillators - your favorite oscillator will probably work equally well, so you should substitute the oscillator with which you feel most comfortable. Two other oscillators that can easily be employed as the second screen are the stochastic and Williams %R oscillators.
Stochastic is currently one of the more popular oscillators and is included in many widely available software programs used both by individual traders and professionals. In particular, traders who employ strict computerized systems to execute their trades find that stochastic oscillators have many good qualities. For example, stochastic has an excellent track record in weeding out bad signals. More specifically, stochastic uses several steps for the express purpose of filtering out market noise, the type of ultra short-term movements that do not relate to the trader's current trend of interest.
Similarly to Elder-Ray, stochastic identifies the precise moment at which bulls or bears are becoming stronger or weaker. Obviously, traders are best off jumping aboard the strongest train and trading with the winners while pitting themselves directly against the losers. The three types of signals important to traders using stochastic are divergences, the level of the stochastic lines and the direction of the stochastic lines. To further detail, see What is the difference between fast and slow stochastics in technical analysis?
A bullish divergence occurs when prices hit a new low but stochastic traces a higher bottom than it did in the previous decline. This means the bears are losing their grip on the market and simple inertia is driving prices lower. A very strong buy signal is issued as soon as stochastic turns up from its second bottom. Traders are well advised to enter into a long position and place a protective stop below the latest low in the market. The strongest buy signals appear when the stochastic line's first bottom is placed below the lower reference line and the second bottom above it.
Conversely, a bearish divergence corresponds to the circumstance in which prices rally to a new high but stochastic reaches a lower top than anytime during its previous rally. Bulls are then becoming weaker and prices are rising sluggishly. The crucial sell signal is issued when stochastic turns down from its second top. Traders should enter a short position and place a protective stop above the latest price high. The best signals to sell short occur when the first top is above the upper reference line and the second is below it, the opposite of the best signals to go long.
Level of Stochastic Lines
The level attained by the stochastic lines represents distinct overbought or oversold conditions. When stochastic rallies above the upper reference line, the market is said to be overbought and is ready to turn downwards. By contrast, the oversold condition, in which the market is ready to turn up, is represented by the stochastic falling below its lower reference line.
Traders should, however, be careful in interpreting overbought and oversold conditions using stochastic: during a longer-term trend, stochastic may issue contrary signals. In strong uptrends - as may be indicated by the trader's first market screen - the moving average convergence divergence (MACD) histogram, stochastic becomes overbought and issues erroneous sell signals while the market rallies. In downtrends, stochastic quickly becomes oversold and gives buy signals earlier than warranted.
Although interpreting overbought and oversold conditions with stochastics can be problematic, when using the MACD histogram as the first screen of the triple screen trading system, traders can easily eliminate these incorrect signals. Traders should take buy signals from the daily stochastic only when the weekly MACD histogram shows an upward trend. When the trend is down, only sell signals from the daily stochastic should be heeded.
Using your weekly chart to identify an uptrend, wait for daily stochastic lines to cross below their lower reference line before buying. Immediately place your buy order above the high of the latest price bar. You can then protect your position with a protective stop placed below the low of the trade day or the low of the previous day, whichever is lower.
To add a further level of detail to this analysis, how the shape of stochastic's bottom can indicate the relative strength of the rally should be discussed. If the bottom is narrow and shallow, the bears are weak and the rally is likely to be strong. If the bottom is deep and wide, the bears are strong and the rally could very well be weak.
When you identify a downtrend on your weekly chart, do not enter your trade until daily stochastic lines rally above their upper reference line. You can then immediately place an order to sell short below the low of the latest price bar. Do not, however, wait for a crossover on the stochastic lines as the market will then already likely be in a free fall. To protect your short position, place a protective stop above the high of that particular trading day or the previous day, whichever is higher.
The shape of stochastic's top can also indicate the relative steepness or sluggishness of the market's decline. A narrow top in the stochastic line shows the weakness of bulls and the likelihood of a severe decline. A high and wide stochastic top demonstrates the strength of bulls, and short positions should consequently be avoided.
In summary, the means by which traders can filter out most bad trades involves an intimate knowledge of overbought and oversold conditions. When stochastic is overbought, do not buy. When stochastic is oversold, do not sell short.
Stochastic Line Direction
Quite simply, when both of the stochastic lines are moving in the same direction, the short-term trend is confirmed. When prices rise along with both stochastic lines, the uptrend is most likely to continue. When prices slide along while both stochastic lines are falling, the short-term downtrend will likely continue.
When employed correctly, stochastic can be an extremely effective and useful oscillator as part of your triple screen trading system. In Part 6 of this article, we'll examine the fourth oscillator of interest, Williams %R. | <urn:uuid:fec9367b-8ee5-43c5-b3d4-2d8fe2abcd52> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/061103.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00174-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936194 | 1,327 | 1.570313 | 2 |
RESOURCE SALES FUEL PUTIN'S WAR... FOR NOW
International sanctions seem to be having only a modest effect on the Russian economy, and the Kremlin's current account surplus is reportedly up from $28 to $96 billion in just a year. Even with countries like Germany now reducing their energy dependence on Russia, its oil and gas revenues are expected to hit $285 billion this year. Furthermore, the country's exports of other commodities like wheat, nickel and palladium more than make up for the $300 billion in foreign reserves that have been frozen to date. Meanwhile, Europe's hesitancy to implement a comprehensive ban on Russian oil provided Putin time to establish Russia in new markets, namely India and China. From the onset of the war in late February to early May, Indian refiners purchased 20% more Russian crude than they did during the whole of 2021. Meanwhile, China is also taking advantage of discounted barrel prices, and is in talks with Moscow to replenish its strategic crude stockpiles with Russian oil. Whether this economic adaptation is sustainable is an open question, however. Experts predict that the Russian economy will continue to be weakened by sanctions imposed by the international community, raising questions about the long-term viability of its energy and manufacturing sectors. (Bloomberg, June 1, 2022)
U.S. WORRIES OVER CHINA'S INFLUENCE OVER LATIN AMERICAN MINERALS...
In early June, the Ninth Summit of the Americas convened in Los Angeles to discuss China's growing influence over Latin America's critical mineral resources. Critical minerals like lithium and nickel are defined as "non-fuel minerals essential to the economic and national security of the United States." Driven by the demand for lithium-intensive clean energy technologies, China's net foreign direct investment in mining overseas between 2018 and 2020 totaled almost $16 billion – including investments in parts of Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia (a.k.a. the Lithium Triangle) that produce approximately 56 percent of the world's lithium resources. China's broader effort to pursue its Belt and Road Initiative has led the country to make massive investments in Latin America, including a partial acquisition in 2021 of Argentinian lithium mining projects, as well as investments in copper mines in Peru and Colombia. Most recently, Chinese-owned Zijin Mining announced plans to invest $380 million in a new lithium carbonate plant in Argentina's northern province of Catamarca.
Washington is acutely aware of China's expansion on the continent – and increasingly concerned about it. This is so for good reason. According to a February 2022 U.S. Geological Survey conducted for the Department of Interior, the U.S. is 100 percent net import reliant on 13 of the 33 crucial minerals listed in the survey, and more than 50 percent net import reliant for at least an additional 13 of them. Meanwhile, China was the leading supplier of nearly 40 percent of the essential minerals listed. (Lawfare, June 8, 2022)
...AS CHINA LOOKS TO AFRICA IN THE RACE FOR LITHIUM
With China currently producing 80% of electric vehicles (EVs) globally and demand skyrocketing over the past year, the PRC is scrambling to ensure supplies stay stable. According to Shanghai government-supported publication The Paper, Shenzhen-headquartered Chinese conglomerate BYD is currently in negotiations to purchase six new lithium mines in unspecified African countries – with the lithium generated by these mines estimated to be enough to produce 28 million EVs. And in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Chinese mining giant Zijin is in a legal battle with Australia's AVZ over control of the Manono mine, which is possibly the world's most significant lithium deposit, housing an estimated 400 million tons of high-grade lithium oxide ore. (Voice of America, June 4, 2022; Epoch Times, June 21, 2022)
RUSSIAN MILITARY MOVES IN THE ARCTIC WORRY THE WEST
Over the past decade, Russia has significantly expanded its footprint in the Arctic. It has been busy restoring Soviet bases and building new facilities like Trefoil, its northernmost base. In addition to the Kremlin's new "Arctic command," Moscow has established four new Arctic brigades, and renovated airfields and deep-water ports. The U.S. and its NATO allies worry that the Arctic could provide Moscow not only economic benefit, but serve as a new staging area for potential military attacks against the West – worries that have become more acute since Russia's February invasion of neighboring Ukraine. "Seeing Russia's aggressive and unpredictable behavior, particularly since the Ukraine invasion, has heightened concerns about Russian activity," one State Department official has told the media.
The U.S., meanwhile, is strengthening its Arctic military presence as well. In 2021, the United States Army published "Regaining Arctic Dominance," its first-ever strategic plan for the region. And in June 2022 – for the first time in 70 years – the Army announced it is activating a new 12,000-troop-strong Arctic airborne division. Future plans include Naval Arctic maneuvers with ships and submarines and Air Force F-35s deployed to Alaska. Congress has also approved funding for six new ice breakers. Finally, satellites meant to enhance polar communications and offer surveillance on Russia are being launched, along with new radar systems from Alaska to Denmark. (U.S. Army, January 19, 2021; Yahoo News, June 10, 2022)
Resource Security Watch No. 44
RESOURCE SALES FUEL PUTIN'S WAR... FOR NOW | <urn:uuid:dd7b6674-edb0-46db-81b1-23f291548403> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.afpc.org/publications/bulletins/resource-security-watch/resource-security-watch-no-44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.953591 | 1,135 | 1.859375 | 2 |
John Payne(died 1648 or before), Printmaker
Sitter in 4 portraits
Artist associated with 69 portraits
John Payne was the finest native-born engraver working during the reign of Charles I. He was probably the pupil of Dutch engraver Simon De Passe. Over fifty of his plates are known about; although they vary widely in quality, the best are outstanding examples of the art of engraving. | <urn:uuid:5c98b81e-84d1-4bd5-bdd4-e403a8f8fd4a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp11242&role=art | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981001 | 88 | 1.867188 | 2 |
1. For the détrempe step, fit a stand mixer with the dough hook attachment and blend all of the ingredients together on low speed and then , once blended, increase the speed one level and mix for 4 minutes. Shape the dough into an 8-inch square, wrap and chill for at least 30 minutes, up to 2 hours.
2. For the beurrage, beat the butter with the flour in the stand mixer with the paddle until smooth. Line an 8-inch square pan with plastic and scrape the butter into the pan, spreading to level (as it will be soft). Chill this until it is the same consistency as the détrempe – this could take 30 to 90 minutes. If the beurrage sets firmly or you are making it well ahead, let it soften to just cooler than room temperature.
3. For the lamination stage, remove the beurrage from the pan onto a well-floured work surface. Dust a heavy rolling pin with flour and roll the beurrage into a rectangle about 16-x-9–inches. Lift the beurrage occasionally to ensure it isn’t sticking to the work surface (after the first roll, it does not stick at all). Place the détrempe in the centre of the beurrage and fold the beurrage over to completely envelope the détrempe. Roll the dough out to a rectangle 20-x-10-inches, flouring the dough and work surface as needed. Fold into thirds, but be sure to dust off any excess flour with a pastry brush before folding. Rotate the dough 90 degrees and repeat rolling the dough to a 20-x-10-inch rectangle, brushing off and folding into thirds. Wrap the dough, label it with a #1 (for first fold) and chill for a minimum of 2 hours up to a day.
4. For the second fold, roll the dough again into a 20-x-10-inch rectangle, brush off excess flour and fold into thirds. Rotate the dough 90 degrees, repeat the rolling and folding and then wrap and label the dough with a #2 and chill for a minimum of 2 hours and up to a day.
5. For the final fold, roll and fold the dough the dough into thirds for the final time (just once this time). The dough is now complete, but must be wrapped and chilled for a minimum of 2 hours before using.
6. The puff pastry dough can keep refrigerated for up to 4 days, or can be portioned and frozen for up to 3 months. Thaw in the fridge before using.
7. Makes about 1.4 kg of dough (about 3 lbs). | <urn:uuid:e0a20855-55ad-46c5-90e4-f7e582453f5c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.foodnetwork.ca/recipe/puff-pastry-dough/12511/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719547.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00394-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876535 | 555 | 1.5 | 2 |
ISLAMABAD: The National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC), Tuesday, reported 1,771 new coronavirus cases by conducting 47,633 tests across the country with a positivity ratio of 3.71 percent.
This is the lowest positivity rate in three months and the lowest number of cases after March 9, 2021.
According to official data, following 40 deaths reported in the past 24 hours in Punjab, the provincial death tally has crossed 10,000 mark, and reached 10,039, which is the highest number in all the federating units, while Punjab with 340,110 Covid-19 cases is also on top.
According to authorities, in the past 24 hours countrywide 71 covid-19 deaths were reported taking the national toll to 20,850 since the pandemic outbreak in February 2020.
In the past 24 hours, 3,377 Covid-19 patients have recovered taking the national recoveries’ tally to 844,638, since the outbreak of the pandemic in Pakistan.
At present, there are 57,336 positive Covid-19 patients countrywide of which 4,161 are admitted in various hospitals in the country, while 3,842 patients are in critical care units (ICUs).
Out of 47,633 Covid-19 tests conducted across the country on Monday, 13,398 tests were carried out in Sindh, 21,881 in Punjab, 6,455 in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), 3,220 in the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), 1,392 in Balochistan, 978 in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), and 309 in Gilgit-Baltistan (GB).
According to the NCOC, out of 71 Covid-19 deaths in the past 24 hours, 63 patients died at hospitals of which 30 were on ventilators and eight died in their homes or quarantine centres.
In the past 24 hours, Punjab and Sindh have reported majority of the Covid-19 deaths as 40 coronavirus patients died in Punjab and 19 in Sindh.
Since the pandemic outbreak, Pakistan has reported 922,824 coronavirus cases which also include deaths, recovered and under treatment patients.
Punjab with 340,110 covid-19 infections is on top followed by Sindh with 318,579 cases, KPK 132,822 cases, ICT 81,257 cases, Balochistan 25,218 cases, AJK 19,250 cases, and GB 5,588 cases.
Out of 20,850 nationwide Covid-19 deaths, Punjab with 10,039 deaths is on top followed by Sindh 5,039 deaths, KPK with 4,079 deaths of which six died in the past 24 hours, ICT with 762 deaths of which two deaths were reported in the past 24 hours, AJK with 544 deaths of which one died in the past 24 hours, Balochistan with 280 deaths of which three died in the past 24 hours, and GB with 107 deaths is on the bottom of the list.
At present there are 443 ventilators occupied across the country, while no Covid-19 patient is on ventilator in Balochistan and GB.
Multan with 69 percent ventilator occupancy is on top among the four regions where maximum ventilators are occupied, followed by Lahore 35 percent, Peshawar 31 percent, and Faisalabad 27 percent.
Multan with 47 percent oxygen beds occupancy is on the top where maximum oxygen bed are occupied followed by Swabi with 41 percent, Karachi 38 percent, and Bahawalpur 34 percent.
The government, since the outbreak of Covid-19 has carried out a total of 13,269,214 corona tests, while 639 hospitals are equipped with COVID facilities.
Copyright Business Recorder, 2021 | <urn:uuid:52a98e6e-7570-4e66-afce-39c7dfe60298> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brecorder.com/news/40097130/covid-19-lowest-positivity-rate-reported-in-three-months | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.956855 | 806 | 1.507813 | 2 |
York-led Network Releases First Oil Palm Policy Report
9:22am 8th July 2014
The report – ‘Change in carbon stocks arising from land-use conversion to oil palm plantations’ – focuses on identifying low carbon stock landcover types which could be converted to oil palm production.
Following the network’s establishment last year, determining the carbon emissions from conversion of land to oil palm plantations emerged as the top priority among policy developers, advisors and influential stakeholders.
Dr Jennifer Lucey and Professor Jane Hill from the Department of Biology at York, working with scientists from Alterra - Wageningen University, Lancaster University, the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development and the UK Royal Society SE Asia Rainforest Research Programme, drafted the new report.
It synthesises the available scientific evidence into a concise document to aid decision making for the development of policies which minimise carbon emissions from oil palm production. The report comes against a background of growing pressure from campaigning organisations such as Greenpeace to sign up to zero deforestation and low carbon policies.
The report’s key messages are:
- Conversion of peat soils should always be avoided because these soils contain vast amounts of carbon which are lost over time by fires and oxidation.
- All natural forests, even when very degraded, contain much more carbon than oil palm plantations, and so conversion will result in high carbon losses and should be avoided.
- Grass and shrub lands contain similar or lower amounts of carbon compared with oil palm plantations, and so change in carbon stocks upon conversion to oil palm are likely to be neutral or experience a slight increase. New oil palm plantations should focus on these sites.
Dr Lucey led the study consulting experts in the fields of carbon storage and tropical peat, and collating information from over a hundred scientific publications.
“We wanted to produce a report which unambiguously laid out the state of scientific evidence so that policy makers and industry stakeholders could make informed decisions.”
Professor Hill added:
“The development of the report was a two-way process and network members provided feedback on the clarity and relevance of the subject matter to ensure that we delivered material which would be useful.”
Oil palm is grown in the wet tropics and 80 per cent of palm oil comes from Malaysia and Indonesia. Palm oil is the world’s primary source of vegetable oil and production is vital for the economies of these regions. However, expansion of the industry continues to threaten rainforests and peatlands which are important global carbon stores. When these areas are converted to grow oil palm this carbon is released into the atmosphere as CO2, exacerbating climate change.
The challenge is to identify areas of land for conversion where carbon stocks are low so that tropical countries can continue to benefit from the highly productive crop, and meet the global demands for palm oil, without releasing millions of tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere.
The network was set up by the ‘Socially and Environmentally Sustainable Oil palm Research’ (SEnSOR) project with funding from the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The SEnSOR project will test the effectiveness of sustainability criteria for oil palm cultivation. More information about SEnSOR and the full science-for-policy report can be found at www.sensorproject.net/partnership.
It was launched in Singapore in December 2013. The launch event saw representatives from Government ministries in SE Asia, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), WWF, the Consumer Goods Forum and others, joining scientists to discuss policy priorities for improving sustainability in the palm oil industry.
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Sign up now for our email updates. | <urn:uuid:b998c231-4702-4033-addf-5f2e4e76748d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.minsterfm.com/news/local/1335394/york-led-network-releases-first-oil-palm-policy-report/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00121-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915242 | 770 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Birbhum/Burdwan, Jan. 16: Relatives of a girl gouged out the eyes of a youth who had allegedly thrown acid on her face two days before her wedding.
Birbhum superintendent of police Akhil Roy said Nirmal Mondal, Nityagopal Mondal and Hem Chandra Mondal were arrested this morning after they attacked Brajen Mondal at Jagadishchandrapur village in Birbhum district, about 290 km from Calcutta.
While the youth is fighting for life at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, the girl is recovering at a Rampurhat hospital.
“A couple of years ago, Brajen’s niece Kamana and Nirmal’s affair came to light. The village elders asked Nirmal to marry Kamana, but he refused,” Roy said.
A few days later, Nirmal again turned down the request to marry Kamana, he added.
Thirsting for revenge, Brajen was waiting for an opportunity to strike. It came his way yesterday, when he waylaid Nirmal’s sister Sandhya and splashed acid on her face, the police official said.
Sandhya was supposed to get married tomorrow.
“As soon as her relatives came to know of the incident from her, they accosted Brajen and attacked him. Later they gouged out his eyes,” Roy said.
Brajen’s family members lodged a complaint with the Margram police station and the arrests followed.
“It seems there were a few others involved in the incident and we are looking into it. Brajen is undergoing treatment and we have not been able to speak to him. But if he recovers, he may be arrested for throwing acid on Sandhya,” Roy said.
Brajen’s elder brother, Sudam, however, claimed that his brother was innocent and accused Nirmal and his family members of being the main culprits. “They started it all. First Nirmal duped our niece and now my brother will lose his eyesight forever,” Sudam said.
Two schoolboys died in Midnapore on Friday after they fell off the roofs of their houses while flying kites. Police identified the duo as Koushik Tewari (13) and Arindam Nag (17). | <urn:uuid:007b6ff5-7132-47b6-902d-2b1575443b11> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.telegraphindia.com/1040117/asp/bengal/story_2796765.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00488-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984012 | 497 | 1.5 | 2 |
- 1 hr 45 min
Pompeii is a 2014 historical drama film that is loosely based on the historical events of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The movie starts off in the year 62 AD when a corrupt Roman senator named Corvus, played by Kiefer Sutherland, kills an entire group of Celtic horsemen but find only one survivor amongst them. The survivor is a young boy named Milo, who is originally played by Dylan Schombing but when reaching adulthood is then played by Kit Harington. Milo is forced into slavery by the time the year 79 AD comes around and is brought to Pompeii as a gladiator, where he is forced to compete and sparks a rivalry with another gladiator named Atticus, played by Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje. Throughout the course of the film the two are forced to bond and fight in the gladiator arena, until Mount Vesuvius eventually erupts in the famous eruption. Pompeii was directed by Paul W.S. Anderson and fits mainly in the natural disaster and historical category of filming. Along with Anderson, the film was produced by him, as well as alongside Jeremy Bolt, Robert Kulzer and Don Carmody. | <urn:uuid:a97f4c21-4068-46fa-99be-0057c62d24ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yidio.com/movie/pompeii/43441 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.976161 | 274 | 2.390625 | 2 |
In support of the Albany Congress, Benjamin Franklin published the now-famous cartoon entitled “Join, or Die.”
What is the message of this cartoon?
This image has become an iconic image in the annals of political cartoons. Now view this cartoon, which was released in 2004:
And in answer to the question: “Why weren’t Georgia and Delaware included in the original cartoon (or plan)?” Here is your answer: http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/19227 | <urn:uuid:5d050cec-eb2f-4124-8dc6-32407c6d031c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://historyscoop.com/2013/09/03/the-evolution-of-a-political-cartoon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718426.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00138-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946953 | 116 | 3.109375 | 3 |
The controversial digital threat information-sharing bill, the Cyber Intelligence and Sharing Protection Act (CISPA), passed the U.S. House on Thursday, thus setting up a showdown in the Senate.
And the debate in the court of public opinion surely will intensify in the weeks to come, likely pitting big businesses and civil liberties advocates against one another. Plus, a veto threat (PDF), announced this week by the White House, still looms.
Supporters of the bill, which codifies information-sharing about cyber threats between the private sector and the U.S. government (and immunizes the former from privacy lawsuits), say the measure is necessary to combat today's sophisticated online enemy.
"Our cyber adversaries are smart, determined and most of all persistent," said Peter George, president and CEO of Fidelis Security, which makes network defense products. "And we don't have a prayer in the battle against them unless corporations and the federal government are sharing information. Would law enforcement ever take down a spy or a terrorist or a serial killer if there was no information sharing?"
But the vocal majority appears to sit on the other side of the fence, arguing that such legislation allows for the sharing of not just data specific to cyber threats, but also personal information about individuals. Nothing would stop, critics contend, internet service providers from turning over private communications, such as emails, about their customers.
Naysayers' fervor will only be bolstered by an amendment to the bill that was added shortly before Thursday's vote in the House. The modification allows even more information to be shared with the government, "not merely in matters of cyber security or national security, but in the investigation of vaguely defined cybersecurity 'crimes,' 'protection of individuals from the danger of death or serious bodily harm,' and cases that involve the protection of minors from exploitation, according to a Forbes report.
"We will not stand idly by as the basic freedoms to read and speak online without the shadow of government surveillance are endangered by such over-broad legislative proposals," said Rainy Reitman, who heads the Electronic Frontier Foundation's activism. | <urn:uuid:00d99b60-0532-4448-a84a-8bdd95da2ff3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.scmagazine.com/news/compliance/cispa-approved-in-house-despite-online-freedom-objections | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.942837 | 429 | 2.0625 | 2 |
The rights group 'Sikhs for Justice' served the summons issued by federal judge Brain M Cogan on Gandhi for shielding and protecting party leaders allegedly involved in the 1984 anti-Sikh riots in Delhi.
The Night Shift Nursing Supervisor at the Sloan-Kettering Memorial Hospital was handed a copy of the summons and complaint which Judge Cogan had directed to be given to Gandhi. Meanwhile, Gandhi, 66, returned to Delhi this morning from the US where she had gone for a routine medical check-up.
A class action suit against Gandhi was filed by Sikhs for justice (SFJ), a US-based human rights group, along with victims of the November 1984 under Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA) and Torture Victim Protection Act (TVPA). Reacting on the development, George Abraham, Chairman of Indian National Overseas Congress USA, said, "Sikhs for Justice group is engaged in vexatious litigation for the sole purpose of harassing an individual with malicious intent."
Ravi Batra, an eminent attorney who represents Congress in the US, said, "The law is a many splendored thing. It has within it the ability to harness all motions, all facts, and arrive at a just merit-driven result from dismissal at the pleadings stage to summary judgement dismissal to a jury's verdict." | <urn:uuid:026e5f87-590f-4662-a5fc-fa6bcbbb4356> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.oneindia.com/international/sonia-gandhi-served-us-court-summons-in-hospital-1303768.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00498-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958533 | 270 | 1.546875 | 2 |
February 1, 2018
Salt Lake County Board of Health Temporarily Amends Health Regulation
(SALT LAKE COUNTY)—This morning, the Salt Lake County Board of Health amended Health Regulation #5: Food Sanitation to require hepatitis A vaccination for all food workers in an establishment when anyone working in that establishment has been in contact with someone infected with hepatitis A. This amendment is in response to Salt Lake County’s ongoing hepatitis A outbreak and takes effect immediately, on February 1, 2018.
“Throughout this outbreak, we’ve identified that some people infected with hepatitis A share a household or are otherwise in contact with someone who works at a food service establishment,” explained Gary Edwards, SLCoHD executive director. “When we’ve learned this, we’ve immediately acted to vaccinate all food workers in that same establishment for the protection of the public. This amendment formalizes and codifies that health department response as it relates to food workers.”
The temporary amendment requires food service establishments to vaccinate all employees who handle food if any worker in the establishment is identified as a contact of someone confirmed to have hepatitis A. Establishments have 14 days to comply with the vaccine requirement; workers who do not comply within 14 days will be excluded from work assignments that involve handling food or food-contact surfaces.
Under the temporary amendment, food establishments are responsible for maintaining official record of their employees’ vaccination status. Each occurrence of an unvaccinated employee handling food or a food-contact surface will be recorded as a critical violation on the establishment’s inspection history, and repeated failure to comply may result in suspension or revocation of the affected food establishment’s permit to operate.
The temporary amendment also authorizes SLCoHD to reduce the cost of the first dose of the hepatitis A vaccine by up to 50 percent for anyone seeking vaccination at a health department immunization clinic who can document that they are an eligible food-service employee in Salt Lake County.
Temporary amendments may be enacted by the Board of Health without the normal public hearing process in response to an imminent public health concern. Temporary amendments are limited to 120 days, during which the Board may, if they choose, engage in the full public notification and hearing process to permanently amend a regulation. The Board has not yet determined if it will be necessary to permanently amend Health Regulation #5. | <urn:uuid:35652697-683f-461f-9fb5-69df19ca1747> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://slco.org/health/Media/board-of-health-temporarily-amends-health-regulation2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.951423 | 491 | 1.726563 | 2 |
By Dorothy Day
The Catholic Worker, February 1958, 1, 6.
Summary: An account of a pilgrimage to Mexico to the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe with a group from Minnesota. Highlights the faith of the Mexican people in spite of a history of church persecution. (DDLW #734).
Today is the feast of Sts Vincent and Anastasius, martyrs. In Saragossa, Spain, in 304, Vincent was placed on a gridiron over burning coals. “God tried them like gold in the furnace.” Anastasius, a monk from Persia was beheaded in 628 after suffering terrible torments. While burning on the gridiron, Vincent exclaimed, “I thought your cruelty would go still further.” Anastasius also said, “I expected a more cruel kind of death.” Both died on the same day of the year, so their feast day is celebrated together. This information is given at the beginning of the Mass, and it is the kind of thing Ammon Hennacy delights in reading, and which he says makes him feel like a “pip-squeak.” Being only five or six years a Catholic, the lives of the saints are new to him, who is used only to the lives of the martyrs of the radical labor movement. He is not at all bothered, as I used to be, at the emphasis on suffering, which I uneasily used to think showed a spirit of masochism. Ammon always seems to have known that man’s “faith, more precious than gold, must be tried as in the fire.” “A servant must not be above his master, and if they have persecuted me they must also persecute you,” Our Lord said.
A strange thing is this faith of ours. “You do not enter Paradise tomorrow or the day after, or in ten years,” Leon Bloy wrote. “You enter it today when you are poor and crucified.”
I have just left a country where the people are poor and crucified. They have, within our lifetime, suffered a religious persecution like that of Russia, or like that of France only so recently as 1905, and which the Church needs must undergo, if her faith is to be proven,–if she is to walk in the footsteps of her Master.
I’d like to quote the whole of the Mass of this day, but lacking space, I can only ask our readers to read in the book of Wisdom (Douay Bible) Wisdom 3, 1- 8, and Luke 21, 9-19.
It all seems so clear, when you go to Communion each day and read the Bible, receiving the word of God made Flesh and the word of God, in this case presented in the missal.
Fr. Leo Neudecker invited me last year to make the pilgrimage with his group from the Winona, Minnesota diocese, to the Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe, but I was not able to go since I was in jail for five days last January, for our civil disobedience gesture of two years ago. We served our 30 day sentence for 1957 in August, and since if the drill is held again this year and we refuse to take part we are in danger of another sentence,
I was very happy to accept his invitation and join the fifteen members of the pilgrimage at Kansas City and proceed by train to Mexico.
Fr. Neudecker has the true pilgrim spirit, sitting up all night in uncomfortable, unheated dirty trains that stop at each small town all through Mexico, and bringing with him cartons of good whole wheat bread baked by himself. He will not like my reporting this, but he is one of these young priests, and thank God there are many of them, who sleep on boards, do without tea, coffee, tobacco, liquor, radio, television, newspapers and magazines in a life which they do not consider at all mortified. All these things which the world finds sweet, they find bitterness, as Thomas a Kempis puts it. And living this right-side-up life which the world considers upside-down, they get great joy out of it and seem very happy men indeed.
I could write a separate article about the pilgrims, and perhaps I will later, but I can only say here that they were all Minnesotans, of different formerly European backgrounds, Poles, Czecho-Slovakians, Germans, and so on, whose parents came to the middle west and lived pioneers’ lives, and progressed from sod houses to the latest in our American culture of comfort. It was hard for them to understand the poverty of the Mexicans. Who to blame it on, Spain, or the Church, or the American imperialist or their own laziness? Wisely, they concluded the matter was not so simple, and just wondered at how differently people react to the challenges of life. One thing they wondered at and marveled at, and that was the faith of the Mexican pilgrims who come by the hundreds and thousands to the shrine, and to other shrines of Mexico. Where we in the United States enjoy every other kind of outing, the Mexican finds his joy in the pilgrimage. It is a nation of pilgrims. As the Moslems go to Mecca, as the old tradition of Russia was to revere the pilgrim, as the tradition in the East was to spend the latter third of one’s life in the search for God, so in Mexico, to make a yearly pilgrimage, on foot, carrying banners, singing hymns, begging one’s food from village to village,–this seems to be the accepted vacation, recreation, retreat, mission. Pilgrims go to offer supplication or thanksgiving, to offer homage to God and the saints.
Coming to Mexico my first impressions were that the people put first things first–God and religion, where it has survived the bitter persecution of the Church which began with the Reform laws of 1857, and was intensified under Calles in the 20’s and continued in the 30’s. Graham Greene wrote about it in 1939.
Sad to say, there are huge areas where there are still no priests and the churches have fallen into decay. The greatest problem of Mexico is the need for priests (who cannot yet be ordained in Mexico) and for catechists. But I will speak from now on of the great mass of religious Mexicans, because those were the ones we saw, on pilgrimage as we were. We saw the churches being rebuilt in town after town, and new churches going up. Even one of our guides said that during those months of the year when there was no work, he offered himself to the priest as a laborer. “We have the earth, the adobe, the materials, and we give our labor, and that is the greatest cost,” he said.
The great truth that dawned upon me as I travelled was that here, the people themselves, with no particular leaders that stand out as Gandhi or Vinoba Bhave stand out, standing against militarist leadership have won, by their suffering, by their endurance, the religious freedom they now have in abundance and which is still against the law on the books in Mexico.
I saw the church in Coyoacan where Donald Demarest lives, where a machine gun killed worshippers as they came from Mass, back in the 20’s, and young men were laid out dead on the plaza in front of the church to deter other worshippers. I saw the tomb of Fr. Pro, Jesuit martyr, who was a mechanic in a garage where he also conducted a seminary, who was accused of being implicated in the death of Obregon, and was shot into an open grave, with his brother suffering death at his side.
I saw churches made into restaurants and garages. I saw the priests dressed in business suits and collar and tie. But I saw also on every hand, the faith of the people. The people, the ordinary, common people! There is a magnificent tribute paid them by Monsignor Guardini, in his “The Church and the Catholic.” The present Pope in one of his Christmas addresses distinguishes between the masses and the people. The Communist refers to the masses, which can be moved and swayed and used in the tactic of class war. But the people are another matter.
The people, their work, their poverty, their endurance! They are close to the soil, living in homes made of the soil around them, surrounded by the ever changing mountains, at the time of our pilgrimage as brown as the fields on every side, as the adobe huts, as the burros they rode, as the roads they trod. “You cannot change the people,” the guide said. “They are like the hills. They will always be there.”
It was in 1531 that Our Lady appeared to the Indian Juan Diego (his Spanish name given him at his baptism.) There were not many Catholics then among the Indians, and the treatment of the Spaniards who had conquered them was not calculated to convert them very fast. If ever the tension which always exists between church and state showed, it did then, between the conquistadores and the padres who came with them to bring the message of the gospel. The conquistadors were hungry for gold and silver which was mined in great abundance. We still saw the mines operating around Guanajuato, and saw too the Indians sieving the soil for gold and silver in the dry river beds on the way to Guanajuato from San Luis Potosi. Much gold was sent back to Spain and the brothers of St. Teresa of Avila sent her gold too to help build her convents. They too were in search of their fortune. It was under Archbishop Zumarrago that the vision of the Blessed Mother appeared to the poor Indian by the side of the hill of Tepeyac, asking that a shrine, a temple, be built there in her honor. It was as though she were discontented with the way Constantine had brought about the conversion of the pagans of Europe. She was going to bring it about in her own way. She appeared in the guise of an Indian maiden, young and beautiful, surrounded by rays of gold, clad in a white and gold embroidered dress, covered by a blue star-studded robe, standing on a half- moon, borne aloft by an angel, her hands folded together in prayer. She told Juan that she came because she loved the Indian and wished to protect him. She came as an Indian maiden, as Indian as Katherine Tekakwitha of the Iroquois, and she came to them, not to the Spaniards. She came as one of the colored peoples of the world, to a colored people and unlike her history in other shrines, she left them a memento of herself. When the archbishop demanded proof that Juan Diego’s story was not just imagination, and he told our Lady, she commanded him to pick some miraculous Castilian roses which bloomed at her word on the barren hill and carry them in his tilma, his cloak, woven of the maguey fiber, and show them to the archbishop. When he did this, and emptied his tilma at the feet of the prelate, the Spaniard fell on his knees before the Indian holding up the tilma, on which had appeared the likeness of our Lady of Guadalupe. This same story is told of Veronica’s veil, on which the face of Christ was imprinted, and our Lady used this precedent to give herself to the Indians, not only of Mexico, but of all the Americas, of our own United States as well as Mexico, Central and South America.
And of all the representations of the blessed Mother of Christ, this to me is the most beautiful.
After that occurrence, the Indians were converted by the tens of thousands.
“We have the answer to the problem of color which confronts the East and the West,” Archbishop Miranda, primate of Mexico said to us in an interview on the last day. “Our Lady answered it then. There is no problem in Mexico. Where there was the Indian, there is now the Mexican. There is a new people, a new race. There was intermarriage from the first.”
Archbishop Miranda certainly understood the power of non- violence. He told us of interviews he had in Europe with repatriated priests and nuns who had been imprisoned with the millions in Siberian labor camps. “And they want to go back,” he said. “They feel that there is a fruitful field for conversion. There the people are eager for faith.”
The Russians consider themselves not only Europeans but also Asiatics. Perhaps it is from this their Messianic idea comes. The Mexicans many of them look as though they had come over from Asia, over the Aleutian Islands, down through Alaska and along the coast to Mexico.
The Archbishop told us of the increasing number of pilgrimages that were coming to Mexico from every state in the United States as well as Mexico to visit the shrine of our Lady of Guadalupe and to venerate the picture on the tilma which hangs behind the high altar in the Basilica.
I am always conscious when I write, of the many non-Catholics who read the CATHOLIC WORKER and who are averse to such veneration. I can only point out with St. Augustine that the flesh of Jesus is the flesh of Mary, that He took his humanity from her. And call attention to that greeting of Elizabeth, “Blessed art thou amongst women!”
God means us to use material things as aids. He clothed the sacraments with bread and wine, with water, with oil, with the accompaniments of all beauty of ritual, music, color, odor of flowers and beeswax and incense. The Indians too say, “With this body I thee worship,” coming on their knees to the shrine, singing hymns to El Senor, in lamentation and petition, in joy and thanksgiving. They come with their centavos and their pesos, and buy candles and flowers for an odor of sweetness and they touch the images, the representations of our Lord in all the phases of His agony and death, and in the shrines of the Holy Family, at the manger, in flight to Egypt, at work, and so on. And they kneel before the picture of our Lady by the hour.
We paid many visits to the shrine and never ceased to marvel the people and their faith and devotion. Sunday, after a morning at the shrine where the church and the square in front of it were literally so crowded with pilgrims that it was hard to move, we went in the afternoon to the pyramids and what a contrast this visit was! There were no pilgrims, few tourists, only some picnickers in this archeological park. There were idols but no altars, and there are not even many settlements near this vast place which was formerly a temple for human sacrifice. Our guides told us about the legends of Quetzalcoatl, the blond blue-eyed man who came from the sea and was considered a god. He foretold a time would come when they would be conquered by a people from the sea. We saw the pyramids of the Sun and of the moon, and the great temple and its carving of serpents and gods. And now the sun god is replaced by the Sun of Justice, and the moon god by Our Lady of Guadalupe, and the god of rain and agriculture by our Saint Isador, patron of farmers, and all our galaxy of saints.
What vast ruins and what great cultures have peen destroyed, but the everlasting hills remain and the people close to the earth as they are, continue to live to know God, to love Him and serve Him, their first beginning and their last end.
I was thinking today how our pilgrims all come from Minnesota, a state abounding in Indian names of towns, but where are the Indians now? Fr. Leo pointed out to us the contrast between what we English did to the Indians and what the Spanish did. The Indians are still here, thirty million of them, and the country is theirs and the church is theirs, poor as they are. Our Indians have been robbed and all but exterminated, neither converted nor allowed to live under their own religions. First put on reservations, they are now being evicted and sent into the cities to be assimilated, to find employment and social security or idleness and dissipation. As to our treatment of the Mexicans in the States, the articles Ted Le Berthon has been writing for The Catholic Worker clearly show how we must examine our consciences.
Another time I must tell the story of Larry Blum who was one of four pilgrims who came from America, and stayed to make a 21 day pilgrimage with eighty Mexicans to the shrine of St. Juan de los Lagos, and met a young Mexican catechist and married her here. | <urn:uuid:adc2707e-a461-40df-910b-8ad658e5e72c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.catholicworker.org/dorothyday/articles/734-plain.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.982807 | 3,565 | 2.6875 | 3 |
- The battle between the two armies is said to have been a drawn battle.
- A soldier came up to her with a drawn saber.
- There was a drawn and haggard look about his eyes.
- There was a drawn and haggard look in his eyes.
- The boys played a drawn game of chess. | <urn:uuid:ce1aecee-41e5-42cf-9f52-41f292eb5e26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://m.dict.cn/a%20drawn%20battle%0D | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00024-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.885558 | 71 | 2.28125 | 2 |
That standard iPhone charger might soon have to go off permanently. Last week, the European Commission reached a tentative deal that requires smartphones and other similar devices sold inside the borders of the European Union to share a single USB-C charging port.
While the rules did not specifically target the iPhone, Apple was most affected by the changes and had been pressing back against the mandate, which will effectively ban its proprietary Lightning connector, which has been standard on new iPhones since 2012.
Apple can choose to make USB-C standard on all new iPhones or just on
iPhones sold in the EU. The former is more likely, says Michael Cowling, a computer scientist at Central Queensland University.
For Apple, the global standard meant more optimised supply chains. So a change to European rules means iPhones sold in Australia are likely also USB-C. | <urn:uuid:239d0c31-8207-4d6d-a3b7-a619e725931c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://btta.com.au/eus-universal-cables-push-could-affect-australian-iphones/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.954493 | 169 | 2.25 | 2 |
Importance of an Active Directory Management & Reporting Software
An active directory is nothing more than a directory structure that is primarily used on Microsoft Windows based computers and servers to store information and data about networks and domains. It provides information on objects and helps in organizing these objects for easy retrieval and access. One can define active directory as a hierarchical structure where the structure is divided in three main categories – resources, services and objects. The resources include hardware such as printers, services are meant for end users such as, web email servers and objects are the major utilities of the domain and network.
Now, when working as a computer administrator for a large corporation or organization, it is never that easy to manage Active Directory objects or even prepare the AD reports. But, creating AD reports is a must to do task if you want to have an effective Active Directory management. In addition, there are various other responsibilities that you need to perform. As an IT administrator, your responsibilities revolve around creating the organizational units in domains or adding domains in Windows Active Directory. Performing such tasks can be quite time consuming. The probability remains very high that you might require extra time to complete the work.
However, provided with an effective Active Directory management tool, you may successfully ease down the complexity that is generally involved in managing Active Directory objects. Perhaps, with the help of a proper management tool, you may not require to work more than your usual working hours to prepare AD reports.
With proper usage of Active Directory management and reporting tool, you can successfully simplify the execution of routine administrative tasks related to managing Active Directory objects. The Active directory reporting tool can assist in handling day-to-day activities i.e. managing user accounts and AD objects. This tool allows you create multiple user accounts and make modifications in user attributes. Using such tool, you can accumulate and report configuration information about various objects along with its properties in Active Directory. In fact, you can successfully accelerate the task like managing MS Exchange functions in relation to user accounts more efficiently.
Lepide Active Directory Management and Reporting is one such effective software that can help you to manage Active Directory objects in the simplest manner. This utility has got the ability to generate effective reports for Active Directory (AD) users, computers, MS Exchange and domain controllers. Moreover, in order to ensure that AD works efficiently, it’s very important to eradicate any disabled, old, or inactive accounts. With this software it is very much possible to create report on inactive objects that need to be disabled to maintain a clean and efficient Active Directory.In addition, the software has got an exceptional ability to create or even manage network shares for any computer in any domain. You can easily create and manage shares for both remote as well as local computer(s) from a central location.
Working with Active Directory can be complicated at times due to various reasons, but with the right Active Directory management and reporting tool you can manage it easily. | <urn:uuid:5a78a3d4-9487-4df6-8654-ec8abc4ebe3f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://activedirectorytool.wordpress.com/2011/09/28/importance-of-an-active-directory-management-reporting-software/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00153-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942026 | 594 | 2.171875 | 2 |
(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0)
DomNode->replace_node — Replaces node
(PHP 4.2) This function replaces an existing node with the passed new node. Before the replacement newnode is copied if it has a parent to make sure a node which is already in the document will not be inserted a second time. This behaviour enforces doing all modifications on the node before the replacement or to refetch the inserted node afterwards with functions like domnode_first_child(), domnode_child_nodes() etc..
(PHP 4.3) This function replaces an existing node with the passed new node. It is not copied anymore. If newnode was already inserted in the document it is first unlinked from its existing context. If the replacement succeeds the old node is returned.
See also domnode_append_child() | <urn:uuid:59243cc8-bf0b-4980-95af-2964e1aaa6ad> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://php.net/manual/fa/function.domnode-replace-node.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00548-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.782802 | 179 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Despite decades of research, scientists haven’t been able to fully understand how batteries work at the smallest of scales.
In a paper published in the journal Science, researchers describe a way to peer as never before into the electrochemical reaction that fuels the most common rechargeable cell in use today: the lithium-ion battery.
“The phenomenon revealed by this technique, I thought would never be visualized in my lifetime.”
By visualizing the fundamental building blocks of batteries—small particles typically measuring less than 1/100th of a human hair in size—the team from Stanford University has illuminated a process that is far more complex than once thought. Both the method they developed to observe the battery in real time and their improved understanding of the electrochemistry could have far-reaching implications for battery design, management, and beyond.
“It gives us fundamental insights into how batteries work,” says Jongwoo Lim, a co-lead author of the paper and postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. “Previously, most studies investigated the average behavior of the whole battery. Now, we can see and understand how individual battery particles charge and discharge.”
Make batteries last longer
At the heart of every lithium-ion battery is a simple chemical reaction in which positively charged lithium ions nestle in the lattice-like structure of a crystal electrode as the battery is discharging, receiving negatively charged electrons in the process. In reversing the reaction by removing electrons, the ions are freed and the battery is charged.
These basic processes—known as lithiation (discharge) and delithiation (charge)—are hampered by an electrochemical Achilles heel. Rarely do the ions insert uniformly across the surface of the particles.
Instead, certain areas take on more ions, and others fewer. These inconsistencies eventually lead to mechanical stress as areas of the crystal lattice become overburdened with ions and develop tiny fractures, sapping battery performance and shortening battery life.
“Lithiation and delithiation should be homogenous and uniform,” says Yiyang Li, a doctoral candidate and co-lead author of the paper. “In reality, however, they’re very non-uniform. In our better understanding of the process, this paper lays out a path toward suppressing the phenomenon.”
For researchers hoping to improve batteries, counteracting these detrimental forces could lead to batteries that charge faster and more fully, lasting much longer than today’s models.
This study visualizes the charge/discharge reaction in real-time—something scientists refer to as operando—at fine detail and scale. The team utilized brilliant X-rays and cutting-edge microscopes at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Advanced Light Source.
“The phenomenon revealed by this technique, I thought would never be visualized in my lifetime. It’s quite game-changing in the battery field,” says Martin Bazant, a professor of chemical engineering and of mathematics at MIT who led the theoretical aspect of the study.
A transparent battery
The researchers fashioned a transparent battery using the same active materials as ones found in smartphones and electric vehicles. It was designed and fabricated in collaboration with Hummingbird Scientific. It consists of two very thin, transparent silicon nitride “windows.”
The battery electrode, made of a single layer of lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles, sits on the membrane inside the gap between the two windows. A salty fluid, known as an electrolyte, flows in the gap to deliver the lithium ions to the nanoparticles.
“This was a very, very small battery, holding ten billion times less charge than a smartphone battery,” says William Chueh, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at Stanford and a faculty scientist at SLAC, who led the team. “But it allows us a clear view of what’s happening at the nanoscale.”
“What we’ve learned here is not just how to make a better battery, but offers us a profound new window on the science of electrochemical reactions at the nanoscale.”
The researchers discovered that the charging process (delithiation) is significantly less uniform than discharge (lithiation). Intriguingly, the researchers also found that faster charging improves uniformity, which could lead to new and better battery designs and power management strategies.
“The improved uniformity lowers the damaging mechanical stress on the electrodes and improves battery cyclability,” Chueh says. “Beyond batteries, this work could have far-reaching impact on many other electrochemical materials.”
He points to catalysts, memory devices, and so-called smart glass, which transitions from translucent to transparent when electrically charged.
“What we’ve learned here is not just how to make a better battery, but offers us a profound new window on the science of electrochemical reactions at the nanoscale,” Bazant says.
The US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the Ford-Stanford Alliance funded the work. Bazant was a visiting professor at Stanford and was supported by the Global Climate and Energy Project.
Source: Stanford University
The post X-rays offer clear view of how lithium-ion batteries work appeared first on Futurity. | <urn:uuid:96020d0f-3c6a-45c1-a212-6e2c9320a2b8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://exceptionmag.com/17800/x-rays-offer-clear-view-of-how-lithium-ion-batteries-work/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00111-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934446 | 1,115 | 4 | 4 |
Exciting research projects are taking shape in Wakefield District over the next year. One of the most high profile is the ‘Born and Bred in Wakefield’ (BaBI Wakefield) cohort study, which aims to recruit and track the progress of all babies born in Wakefield District. Other important initiatives include the HENRY trial (Health and Nutrition for the Very Young), and our Adult Population Health Survey.
We want all of our residents to have the opportunity to take part in research, and to benefit from the findings of major studies. It’s also important that all our residents and communities take part in shaping research questions as the Council and its partners plan future research activity.
This role is an exciting new opportunity to work with communities and individuals who have traditionally been underserved by research or who may face barriers to participating in research studies. Working closely with the local VCSE and community organisations, you will use innovative ways to explain the benefits of research in our District and to understand the priorities of local communities in planning future research. An immediate priority will be to work with different communities to support fully representative recruitment of expectant parents to the BaBI project. It’s really important that this study recruits as large and diverse a sample of parents and babies as possible, so in this role you will help to identify and address any barriers to participation in different communities.
You should have skills, enthusiasm and a strong track record of working with underserved communities. It would also be helpful for you to have an interest in research and some understanding of how research studies work, although this is less important than your experience of working with communities. You should enjoy a challenge and be a self-starter who can develop new ideas and ways of working quickly.
The role will require regular attendance at community events and venues around Wakefield District. A level of flexibility to attend weekend and evening events, compensated by time off in lieu, would be helpful. The office-based portions of the role can be undertaken either working from home or from Wakefield One. The Public Health team continues to be a strong supporter of hybrid working models.
Particularly given the short duration of this role, applicants wishing to work part-time are very welcome, as are applicants interested in an internal secondment (with the agreement of your line manager).
For further information or a discussion about the role, please contact Clare Offer ([email protected]).
Want to Know More?
If you would like to know more about the role, the recruitment process or working for Wakefield Council feel free to contact Clare Offer.
PR2692 001 Research Co-production and Engagement Officer.doc
To apply please click the Apply Now link below. | <urn:uuid:973c3610-f903-4c6d-a5c3-98fa787c409f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jobs.localgov.co.uk/job/162015/research-co-production-and-engagement-officer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.948493 | 581 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Duke Divinity School maintains partnerships with several international church and scholastic institutions. The partnership programs afford the opportunity for Duke Divinity School faculty and staff to visit, teach, serve and learn from the partner institutions, and for students, faculty and staff from the partner schools to visit Duke University. Duke Divinity School has partnerships with the Catholic Church in Uganda and the Methodist Church of Southern Africa and Seth Mokitimi Seminary in South Africa:
In addition, several faculty members at Duke Divinity teach from time to time at the Course of Study in El Salvador.
Southern Africa’s story of racial conflict and oppression, its struggle for liberation and search for reconciliation offer significant learning opportunities for Christians of all races. The South African context offers Duke Divinity School an opportunity to study Christian mission history, Christian witness under oppression and in the struggle for racial justice, contextual theology and inter-faith relations. A comprehensive partnership between the Methodist Church of Southern African and Duke Divinity School enriches the experience of Seth Mokitimi Seminary and Duke Divinity School students, faculty and administration, with the hope of making an impact on the churches around the world.
The mutual learning relationship between Duke Divinity School and the Methodist Church of South Africa focuses upon:
- the ministry of reconciliation
- ongoing critique of our efforts to facilitate justice and peace throughout the world
- celebration of peoples in our respective countries who bear witness to the ministry of Christ and the power of the Holy Spirit
- mutual friendship and dialogue whereby we bear one another’s burdens
- a covenant to pray, study and service, especially through Seth Mokitimi Seminary and Duke Divinity School
Uganda continues to be an oasis for its troubled siblings in other parts of the African Continent, despite its own challenges. As a result, the church has continuously been engaged in servicing refugee populations from the Congo, Rwanda and other countries as well as addressing the impact of the AIDS pandemic. Partnership possibilities in Uganda include:
- Academic and or ministerial exchange possibilities for Ugandan students.
- Field Education placements for DDS students in Kampala, Uganda or its surrounding areas.
- Ongoing practice of the Pilgrimage of Pain & Hope to Uganda/Rwanda, which took place in the summers of 2005 and 2007. Such a pilgrimage allows for participants to learn about the history of Uganda and the work of the church in the midst of this history. | <urn:uuid:f6088b84-f4b9-4272-936a-f223479cdd19> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://divinity.duke.edu/academics/study-abroad/faculty-partners | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00292-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941844 | 491 | 1.5625 | 2 |
|THE STELLA FIELD - A RISING STAR|
|Field Developments and Case Studies|
1Ithaca Energy Plc
The Stella Field – A Rising Star
John Horsburgh – Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, 7 Rubislaw Terrace, Aberdeen, UK.
The Stella Field lies in the Central North Sea and was discovered by Shell/Esso in 1972 in Block 30/6 under a first round licence. The discovery has lain dormant until Ithaca Energy recently gained operatorship of the licence and fully appraised the structure. Field development planning of Stella and her satellites is now well and truly underway.
In 1972, gas condensate was encountered in relatively thin, distal turbidite sand of the Palaeocene Lista formation by Shell/Esso with well 30/6-2, drilled within a four way dip closed anticline. The primary objective of the well was to intersect a dipping structure in the Jurassic but the well was prematurely abandoned due to the high overpressures encountered. The 20ft of pay logged in the Palaeocene Lista interval was largely dismissed. A second attempt to drill the HPHT play in the Jurassic and Triassic reservoirs of the area was attempted by Shell/Esso in 1984 with well 30/6-3. While the results in the deeper interval were inconclusive, this appraisal campaign confirmed that the Lista reservoir was laterally extensive and discovered an additional oil reservoir in the Ekofisk chalk interval below. The Lista “Andrew Sand” was cored and drill stem tested, flowing at over 20MMscf/d and confirming the presence of rich gas condensate in the reservoir. The Ekofisk chalk interval was also tested and flowed light oil at respectable rates considering the low permeability. Over 700ft of untested closure remained below the existing penetrations and the estimates of in-place volumes were insufficient to rank the discovery highly in Shell/Esso’s portfolio. Consequently the field returned to dormancy. As part of a strategic move into the UK sector in 2004, Danish player Maersk farmed in to the Stella block as operator and discovered the Harrier field 10km south of Stella. Harrier was found to contain gas condensate in the Ekofisk and Tor chalk reservoirs, trapped in a low relief salt induced structure. Maersk then moved to Stella and appraised the Stella Ekofisk reservoir with three further penetrations. The Andrew sand was repeatedly found to be present and hydrocarbon bearing in all three additional Stella penetrations. However, given Maersk’s focus on the chalk section, over 500ft of untested Andrew closure within the Stella structure remained at the end of their campaign. The uncertainty in recoverable volumes remained too great for the incumbent Joint Venture to progress further at that time.
The latent potential of Stella was recognised by Ithaca Energy in 2007. Ithaca initially purchased Shell/Esso’s majority non-operated interest and Maersk and Ithaca collectively progressed the planning of a final appraisal well targeting the Andrew reservoir. However, following the economic turbulence of 2008, Maersk decided to farm out of 30/6a. Ithaca then stepped in and purchased Maersk’s interest and operatorship in October 2009 and quickly secured a farm-in deal with Challenger Minerals, a subsidiary of the Transocean drilling company, to execute the appraisal well. Appraisal drilling commenced in March 2010 and confirmed the structure to be full to spill and the continuity of the reservoir sand, proving volumes at the upper end of expectations. A planned sidetrack further reduced the uncertainty in the fluid contacts. The appraisal well has secured an extension to the production licence under the new licence extension process for first round licences.
Ithaca Energy is a Canadian oil and gas exploration and development company with offices in Calgary, London and Aberdeen, which is focused on the exploration and development of oil and gas reserves in the North Sea. Our objectives are to develop existing discoveries, explore for new discoveries and acquire assets by purchase, farm-in or licence aquisition. Ithaca Energy is dual listed on the London AIM and Toronto TSX-Venture stock exchanges. Ithaca, on behalf of our JV partners, is now rising to the challenge of developing Stella and her satellite fields. Since appraisal drilling ceased in May 2010, Ithaca has kicked off numerous subsurface and engineering studies to define the range of recoverable volumes in Stella and satellite discoveries and to cost and design their development. Tight integration of regional geological modelling, seismic reprocessing and inversion, reservoir simulation modelling, wellpath optimisation, surface facilities design and export host negotiations are now required to bring the Stella area on stream within the next three years.
Significant subsurface challenges include seismic imaging beneath a gas chimney, reservoir characterisation of thin distal turbidites and tight chalk, compartmentalisation risk management and the characterisation and prediction of retrograde gas condensate production behaviour.
It is envisaged that Stella will be developed as a subsea tieback to a third party host. Access to third party infrastructure is a challenge for the project and numerous offtake options are currently being pursued, including standalone concepts. Development plans are continually being tested economically against evolving infrastructure and host constraints as the commercial process matures.
The development concept for the Andrew reservoir calls for horizontal wells. These are required to be landed in a 20ft thick reservoir interval at a pre-defined standoff from the fluid contacts. Advanced geo and bio-steering techniques will be employed to maximise the reservoir contact and minimise unnecessary footage and associated costs. Similarly, the chalk reservoirs will require long horizontal wells with fracture stimulation to enhance productivity and will require careful placement and design.
The Stella area project is a key component in the growth aspirations of Ithaca Energy. We relish the challenges associated with developing previously undervalued assets and over the next few years, aim to turn an overlooked asset into a true rising star.
I would like to thank the Stella JV partners, Dyas UK and Challenger Minerals North Sea, for allowing me to present this material. I would also like to thank my colleagues at Ithaca Energy who contributed to the presentation. | <urn:uuid:9de3207e-1618-424c-9020-a1cecea1fd14> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://petex.pesgb.org.uk/cgi-bin/somsid.cgi?page=html/abstracts/abstractid56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00064-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940935 | 1,290 | 1.554688 | 2 |
PSU’s Doctor of Education (EdD) in Higher Education is designed to provide doctoral students with the skills and knowledge needed for successful careers in a variety of higher education environments. Doctoral students who currently work in higher education, and those who aspire to, will be able to explore the field of higher education through core and specialization courses, and participate in a practicum experience designed to give them direct experience in their areas of interest.
The program offers concentrations in:
The Higher Education program provides experiences in and assessment of these learning outcomes: Leadership, Advocacy, Reflection, Innovation, Scholarship, Application, Professionalism, Service, Global Awareness, Social Responsibility, Reflective Writing, Academic Writing, Research Methodology, Systems Analysis, Information Management and Collaboration.
The field of Higher Education is evolving and changing to meet the demands of 21st century demographics and work force needs. By incorporating principles of reflective practice and contemplative pedagogy into this program, the Higher Education faculty members look to prepare innovative leaders and instructors who will be equipped to do transformative work in their chosen higher education environments. Discovery, dissemination, and application of knowledge and research are integral to the program. Doctoral students participate in a cohort model that is developed into a learning community. The program courses and faculty support intellectual challenge, collaborative inquiry, and focused scholarship.
Getting started is easy!Apply today or request more info.
Completed applications, including required additional documents, must be received online and by March 1 to be considered by the Doctoral Admissions Committee. | <urn:uuid:4a453493-1c41-4ce9-82bb-514f6d08f53c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.plymouth.edu/graduate/academics/degrees/doctor-of-education/higher-education/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946853 | 312 | 1.6875 | 2 |
When you are feeling low, i think the best thing you can do is to talk to someone. Whether its a parent, sibling, friend, partner, therapist...... when you have things on your mind, it doesnt help to bottle them up and try to avoid the problem or think that just thinking happy thoughts will help. Of course, being positive and thinking positive thoughts help. But when you are feeling very low, sad or are having depressed thoughts. Then getting some feeedback, advice or just some words of consolation can be very helpful.
If you dont have anyone to talk to, then writing whether its on a blog, in a journal, writing to a friend or writing an email to someone, it can help to let it out and just get whatever is weighing you down out. Others prefer to draw or even write poetry to try to get whatever feelings and thoughts are in their head out.
Its important to be kind to yourself when you are struggling as well. Generally when i have alot going on or i am feeling very low and stressed or even have some negative thoughts creeping in. Then my hair, skin, nails and my room are just forgotten about. I dont have energy to take care of those things and i would much rather just lie in bed. But i can tell you, you wont feel better by not taking care of yourself or your room. So try to gather some energy, do some cleaning in your room and wash your hair, wash your face, scrub and clean and moisturise..... even if you're a guy! Take care of your body, because that is a first step in taking care of your insides as well.
- Explain why you’re sad and send someone a nice message to cheer them up
- Enter your name and get a compliment
- Nice calming ideas/websites
- The Quiet Place
- Helpful websites
- Get a hug
- Making a comfort box (this is a really nice idea!)
- You are fucking majestic | <urn:uuid:6936a898-3175-4ebe-9d5c-b39e4a498dbc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lifewithoutanorexia.com/2015/01/what-to-do-when-you-are-feeling-very.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00437-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968115 | 404 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Idaho Unit 64 hunting map topo with printed boundaries
Hunters Domain has Idaho unit 64 hunt area maps that are 1:100,000-scale maps using Bureau of Land Management land status base maps.
Our UNIT 64 maps include:
- Idaho public land ownership boundaries
- Topographical contour lines
- 1:100,000 scale for easy viewing
- Roads printed
- Key terrain features to help you plan your hunt or trip
- Hunt area or game management unit 64 (GMU 64) boundary is overlaid on the BLM base map
- Easy planning for your upcoming big game hunt by defining roads and routes into the preferred area
Custom maps for unit 64 are also available (See it all on one map):
- Color aerial photo maps: high resolution (you define borders/boundaries)
- TOPO maps only where you easily define borders or edges of maps with our online program
- Hybrid maps: a unique and detailed aerial photo combined with a USGS topographical maps (user-defined boundaries)
Order your unit 64 Idaho topo map today!
The actual boundary description/definitions printed below from Idaho Division of Wildlife hunting regulations brochure could have errors or been amended by the state so always check in their most current printed regulations or the Idaho Division of Wildlife website to verify these boundaries before hunting as these are for reference only.
– Unit 64 Topo/Map Idaho – Game Management Unit (GMU-64).
Game Management Unit (GMU)
US Forest Service Maps:
Unit 64 Palisades: Those portions of Bonneville, Jefferson, Madison, and Teton counties within the following boundary: beginning at the junction of State Highway 33 and United States 20 at Sugar City, then south on United States 20 to the Lyman-Archer-Heise Road (Snake River Road), then southeast on Lyman-Archer-Heise Road to the Kelly Canyon- Tablerock Road, then east on Kelly Canyon-Tablerock Road to the Hawley Gulch Road (Forest Service Road 218), then east on Hawley Gulch Road to the Hinckley Creek Road (Forest Service Road 213), then east on the Hinckley Creek Road to the watershed divide between Moody Creek and Big Burns Creek, then northeast along the watershed divide between Moody Creek and Big Burns Creek to the head of Hilton Creek, then east along the watershed divide between Big Burns and Canyon Creeks to Garns Mountain, then north along the watershed divide between Canyon Creek and Teton River to Grandview Point, then north down the Milk Creek Road to State Highway 33, then west on State Highway 33 to United States 191, the point of beginning. | <urn:uuid:0d800e79-aa25-4698-96f2-6c7a9522e919> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shop.huntersdomain.com/product/idaho-hunting-unit-64-palisades-topo-maps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.873752 | 567 | 1.757813 | 2 |
It’s been a busy start to the year for CoolPlay, as we’ve adapted again to the needs of our participants under the restrictions of Covid 19. We were glad to be able to offer some of our programmes in a different form in the first term, where schools invited us in to work with students during Life Orientation lessons. Our Champions were able to use CoolPlay’s principles to this new environment, to work on the students’ social and emotional learning, engaging 2802 participants. We’re delighted that after school activities will be widely resuming from term two.
We started our year with some quality time for our Champions, hosting two CoolPlay Material Workshops. These focused on our newly designed socially distanced games, and how our Champions can deliver these to our participants, making sure that they are safe, but without losing the connections that our Champions have developed.
In addition to the workshops, Social Worker Brandon Marcus Scanlen held two Child Protection and Safeguarding workshops for all our CoolPlay Champions via Zoom. Brandon took the Champions through a step by step guide on keeping the learners that we work with safe. He demonstrated to Champions ‘ Grey Areas’ that may arise and how these areas must be addressed. These workshops were done to support our CoolPlay Champions in their roles as mentors and leaders within their communities and schools. | <urn:uuid:a53ea192-98ca-430e-bee4-dcf2d6903343> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.coolplay.co.za/the-start-of-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.971768 | 280 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Zoning Planning & Land Use Law in Ohio
In Toronto, Ohio, there are laws which determine what can and can't be done on given parcels of land. These laws get pretty involved sometimes, and aren't always very accessible to laypersons. This article should serve as a good overview of these laws.
Municipal governments which practice zoning typically follow a similar scheme: the town or city is divided up into "zones," or areas in which particular types of use are permitted. For example, the downtown area might be zoned for commercial and office use, and perhaps for large, multi-unit apartment buildings. The surrounding areas will typically be zoned for residential and small-scale commercial use, and the outskirts zoned for manufacturing and other heavy industry.
There are a lot of rationales and purposes for zoning laws. In general, they're based in common sense: chemical plants shouldn't be built next to daycare centers, pig farms should not be built in the middle of a residential neighborhood, and other simple principles similar to that. Zoning laws, by keeping conflicting land uses separate, make life easier for all parties, ensuring that property values will be preserved, and that necessary industries can be conducted where they will not bother anyone.
Zoning laws generally acknowledge the necessities of things like factories, sewage treatment plants, and stockyards, but recognize that such activities shouldn't be conducted in residential areas.
Possible Outcomes of Boundary and Title Disputes in Toronto, Ohio
Zoning laws are often quite extensive and meticulous, and it's very possible that your property in Toronto, Ohio contains some minor zoning violation that you don't know about. If this happens to you, you have significant legal protections.
It should be evident that the first option you should consider is to correct the violation. If doing this wouldn't cost you very much, or pose a major inconvenience, you should obviously do this.
Sometimes, however, a landowner wants to make improvements on their property which might constitute a slight violation of Toronto, Ohio's zoning laws. In this case, the owner can apply for a variance - an official agreement from the local government to not enforce a particular zoning regulation. Generally, variances are granted when the violation is very minor, and, enforcing the letter of the zoning law would not do much to advance its broader purpose.
Additionally, if you have been living on your property for a long time, and made improvements on it that complied with the zoning laws in effect at the time, a new zoning law that would be violated by your current use of your property, the new law cannot be enforced against you. The U.S. Constitution bars the passage of "ex post facto," or retroactive, laws. Once the laws take effect, however, you'll have to comply with the new zoning laws with respect to any new improvements you want to make on your property.
What Can A Toronto, Ohio Attorney Do?
If you are in the process of physically altering your property, you are almost certain to face some issues having to do with local zoning laws. If you find that zoning laws are making it very difficult to use your property as you see fit, you may have legal recourse, usually in the form of a variance. Of course, your chances of success in any zoning dispute will be immeasurably increased if you have the help of a qualified Toronto, Ohio attorney. | <urn:uuid:393d8d44-b93d-40d7-9d5d-55e7e6f89d50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://realestatelawyers.legalmatch.com/OH/Toronto/land-use-zoning-law.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965157 | 695 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Iphone Updates: Apple has received approval for a patent that says the next iPhone would have a display that will enable consumers to use the gadget in the rain. Even though the most recent iPhone models are all water-resistant, using the phone in the rain or with wet hands is difficult.
Users may find it challenging to type or navigate between different regions of the screen due to the water droplets on the display.Wet mode is one of the things that Apple appears to be adding in order to address these problems.
According to the latest patent, the business is also working on making it possible for upcoming iPhone models to sense changes in the environment and modify their touch sensitivity.
The U.S. Invention and Trademark Office is said to have granted the Cupertino-based tech giant’s latest patent, titled “Modifying functionality of an electronic device after a wetness exposure event” (USPTO).
HOW DOES THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY FUNCTION?
According to the patent, Apple intends to change the iPhone so that it may function even when exposed to “a moisture exposure event,” like rain.
According to sources, the company intends to detect water using the built-in pressure and moisture sensors and alter the software as necessary.On the event of light rain, the aforementioned software might alter the size of the on-screen buttons and move them apart in the display to lessen the likelihood of receiving inadvertent touch inputs.
Additionally, it might make it possible for the iPhone to modify the pressure sensitivity of its display and only recognise touch inputs that are made with a specific level of force. This would prevent the iPhone from reacting to erroneous inputs that raindrops might register.
According to the patent, the electronic device may have a moisture detector that can measure the amount of moisture present at the protective cover. If the moisture level exceeds a predetermined threshold, the processor will use the signals from the capacitance detector and the applied force detector to determine the position of the touch event.
Additionally, the wet, dry, and underwater modes for configuring touch responses have been described in the patent description. The wet and dry modes on the iPhone may cause the force input recognition to alter and accept touch inputs depending on whether the user’s finger is dry or wet.
However, the underwater mode may enable the iPhone to alter its interface and make it simpler to use while submerged, per the patent description. The camera app on the iPhone can also include “dry,” “wet,” and “underwater” modes. Depending on the modes that the users choose, the camera will be configured in various ways.
For instance, in the underwater mode, some controls will be replaced with extra-large buttons while some functions from the UI will be eliminated in the wet state. Users can use these buttons to operate the camera underwater.
According to the patent application, it might also modify characteristics like display brightness, white balance settings, ISO sensitivity, and camera unit clarity. In the meanwhile, users will be able to “keep it within the boundaries of the handset’s water resistance” by using the iPhone displays to see “the current depth of the device.”
Though it should be noted that Apple receives approval for a number of patents each year, not all of them have been utilised, thus this new technology may or may not be employed in the future. | <urn:uuid:5d4fe573-2f8e-4281-97a3-df25d47d60af> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://premierenext.com/iphone-users-may-be-able-to-type-in-the-rain-underwater-new-apple-patent-suggests/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.912838 | 703 | 2.15625 | 2 |
The Words of the Wells Family
Excerpted from a paper presented at the 16th International Symposium on Unification Thought, in Sofia, Bulgaria, in November 2004
According to Darwin's theory of evolution, all living things are modified descendants of one or a few original forms that lived in the distant past, and the principal means of modification has been natural selection, or survival of the fittest. Although Darwin acknowledged the possibility that God designed the universe, he was convinced that the process
of descent with modification through natural selection is inherently random. In other words, from the viewpoint of Darwinian evolution, living things in general -- and human beings in particular -- are undesigned. According to Unification Thought, however, living things in general -- and human beings in particular -- are designed by God and created in His image, while all other things were created in our likeness. There is thus a fundamental contradiction between Darwinian evolution and Unification Thought. Yet Darwinism, despite the claims of its defenders, is inconsistent with the scientific evidence and the inconsistencies are mounting. The critique of Darwinism in Unification Thought is basically sound.
According to Unification Thought, the world is entering a stage in history when heaven on earth can finally be realized. Heaven on earth has both spiritual and physical dimensions. The spiritual dimension involves making God the center of the individual, the family, and society; while the physical dimension involves overcoming natural obstacles to human health, safety and happiness. Although technological advances have now made the latter seem attainable, the former often seems to be as far away as ever. How can God become the center of our existence if so many people -- especially Western intellectuals -- are persuaded that God doesn't exist?
Freud, Marx and Darwin are often regarded as the three pillars of modern "scientific" atheism. According to Freudianism, sex is the driving force of psychology and people are merely products of unconscious urges conditioned by early childhood experiences.
According to Marxism, class warfare is the driving force of history and people are merely the result of material relations of production. According to Darwinism, survival of the fittest is the driving force of biology and the people are merely accidental by-products of unguided natural processes. All three ideologies treat people as material beings and God as an illusion.
The influence of Freudianism and Marxism reached a peak in the mid-twentieth century. The former had largely succumbed to critical scrutiny by 1990, however, and the latter declined after the collapse of the Soviet Empire in 1991. Although Freudianism and Marxism still enjoy limited popularity among some academics, Darwinism is now by far the most influential intellectual justification for atheism. It is thus a serious impediment to the establishment of heaven on earth. In the words of the Unification Thought Institute: "Humankind today is entering an era when the ideal world can come to be realized; but what's posing the greatest obstacle on our path is precisely the theory of evolution."
It is important to note that "evolution" has many meanings. In the broadest sense it can refer simply to development, or change over time. Evolution in this sense is completely uncontroversial; no sane person denies the reality of change over time. For most people, and for Unification Thought, controversy arises primarily when "evolution" refers to the materialistic doctrine that living things in general, and human beings in particular, originated without any purpose or design.
Charles Darwin called his theory "descent with modification." He wrote in The Origin of Species, "I view all beings not as special creations, but as the lineal descendants of some few beings" that lived in the distant past. The reason living things are now so different from each other, Darwin believed, is that they have been modified by natural selection, or survival of the fittest. "I am convinced," he wrote, "that Natural Selection has been the most important, but not the exclusive, means of modification."
Darwin did not pretend to understand the origin of life, though he speculated that it might have started in "some warm little pond" that contained all the ingredients necessary to make a living organism. Descent with modification presupposes the existence of one or a few organisms, and purports to explain how a great variety of living things evolved from them.
No one doubts that descent with modification occurs within existing species in the course of ordinary biological reproduction. The question is whether descent with modification accounts for the origin of new species -- in fact, of every species. Like change over time, descent with modification within a species is utterly uncontroversial. But Darwinian evolution claims much more. In particular, it claims that descent with modification explains the origin and diversification of all living things after the first.
As the name "descent with modification" implies, Darwinian evolution actually consists of two related but distinguishable theories: the theory of universal common ancestry, and the theory of natural selection or survival of the fittest. Although Darwinists occasionally acknowledge that the second is still somewhat controversial (since various other factors besides natural selection might be operating in evolution), they generally claim that universal common ancestry is supported by such overwhelming evidence that it can be called a "fact." Darwinists justify this very strong claim on two grounds: (a) all living things share certain similarities, and the degree of similarity is assumed to indicate the degree of biological relatedness; and (b) the most likely alternative to common ancestry would be common design (and thus a designer), and naturalistic science (based on assumption that nature is all there is) excludes this alternative.
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, all living things exhibit minor variations. If some variations render organisms more "fit" in the struggle for limited resources, those organisms will leave more offspring; they will be naturally selected. As a result, the fittest variations will become more widespread, and the population will change over the course of generations.
Although Darwin compared natural selection to an architect, he repeatedly denied that he intended to attribute conscious agency to it. In his view, "natural selection means only the preservation of variations which independently arise." Although he did not know the origin of variations, Darwin was convinced that they are not designed by God, but arise randomly with respect to the needs of the organism and the direction of evolution. Thus "there seems to be no more design in the variability of organic beings, and in the action of natural selection, than in the course which the winds blow."...
Nevertheless, Darwin affirmed his "inward conviction" that "the Universe is not the result of chance." This put him in "a simple muddle; I cannot look at the universe as the result of blind chance, yet I can see no evidence of beneficent design, or indeed of design of any kind, in the details." Although he feared that the issue might ultimately be incomprehensible, he was "inclined to look at everything as resulting from designed laws, with the details, whether good or bad, left to the working out of what we may call chance."
In other words, Darwin was willing to acknowledge that God may have designed the universe and natural laws, but he was convinced that the laws of evolution could not produce designed results. From the viewpoint of Darwinian evolution, no form of life is designed, and human beings -- as the latest outcome of an inherently directionless process -- are the least designed of all.
With the advent of neo-Darwinism and molecular genetics in the twentieth century, many biologists finally felt they understood the origin of variations.
According to modern neo-Darwinism, genes consisting of DNA are the carriers of hereditary information; information encoded in DNA sequences directs the development of the organism; and new variations originate as mutations, or accidental changes in the DNA.
If variations originate in molecular accidents, as neo-Darwinism claims, then the evolutionary process is at least as random as Darwin thought. As molecular biologist Jacques Monod said in 1971, DNA is "the secret of life," and "with the understanding of the random physical basis of mutation that molecular biology has provided, the mechanism of Darwinism is at last securely founded, and man has to understand that he is a mere accident."
So three central claims of Darwinian evolution that are relevant to this discussion are:
1. All living things are modified descendants of one or a few original forms;
2. They have been modified primarily by an unguided process of natural selection acting on random variations; and
3. The specific results of this process are undesigned, and human beings (as the latest product of an unguided process) are the least designed of all.
The Unification Thought view of biological origins is laid out in Fundamentals of Unification Thought (Lee, 1991). It is repeated in summary form and combined with a critique of Darwinian evolution in From Evolution Theory to a New Creation Theory (Lee, 1996). What follows is a brief overview of the relevant points in those two books:
According to Unification Thought, human beings were created in the image of God. As images of God, human beings have dual characteristics of sungsang and hyungsang (roughly translated as internal character and external form) as well as yang (plus) and yin (minus) that reflect analogous characteristics in God Himself. God's most fundamental characteristic is love, and human beings were created as His children, to enjoy a loving relationship with Him.
God intended human beings to be the center of creation, so He conceived of them first. Only then did God conceive the ideas of all other things, living and non-living, in the likeness of human beings. God "abstracted and transformed" the idea of human beings in order to conceive the ideas of animals, plants and non-living things, in that order. The process of creation, however, operated in the reverse order, from non-living matter to plants and animals, with human beings coming last. In this way, God prepared a suitable environment before placing human beings in it.
Since God conceived the ideas of all things in our likeness, the human being is a microcosm and shares certain similarities with all other beings. Thus, from the viewpoint of Unification Thought, the obvious similarities between us and other living things are a result of common design -- not common ancestry, as Darwinian evolution claims.
The process of creation also followed a certain pattern, which Unification Thought describes in terms of the "four-position base." The first position is purpose. All beings exist because God has a purpose for them, and this is their ultimate origin. In the act of creating, God's dual characteristics of sungsang and hyungsang engage in a subject-object relationship of "give and receive action" (the "division" stage), and it is through this action that the result is formed (the "union" stage).
As the four-position base indicates, all things (including living organisms) originate in a purpose, which is to say, a plan or ideal. Furthermore, in the division stage it is always sungsang, or internal character (Logos), that leads the hyungsang, or external form -- though the reciprocal arrows indicate that the latter also provides feedback to the former. As the foundation of Unification Ontology, the four-position base describes God's nature and is reflected in all beings, from humans down to atoms. In individual human beings, the origin (purpose) is shimjung -- that is, heart. The spiritual (subject) and physical (object) represent the division stage, and these unite to form the complete person (result).
In addition to sungsang and hyungsang, all beings (from God down to atoms) have dual characteristics of yang and yin. In human beings these are manifested as masculinity and femininity. In Unification Thought, male and female thus originate in God's own nature. This is in contrast to Darwinian evolution, which has no adequate explanation for the origin of sex. Obviously, it is much more efficient for one organism simply to divide, as bacteria do, rather than depend on another organism for its reproduction. Biologists have discovered no fitness advantage sufficient to explain sexual reproduction from a Darwinian perspective. In September 1998, the journal Science reported that biologists "haven't solved the mystery of sex yet.... How sex began and why it thrived remain a mystery." It is not a mystery, however, in the context of Unification Thought.
In Unification Thought, the process of creation took time. The six days of creation in the Book of Genesis are regarded as symbolic rather than literal, and there is no conflict between Unification Thought and Darwinian evolution over the geological time scale.
Unification Thought maintains that God created Adam and Eve, our first human ancestors. They were not biologically descended from other animals, though they were immediately preceded by ape-like creatures that according to Unification Thought "were required in the course of creating human beings." One reason for this may have been that Adam and Eve, like all other human beings, had to start out as infants and grow to adulthood. Ape-like creatures could have provided the care and support that two human infants obviously would have needed.
So four central claims of Unification Thought that are relevant to this discussion are:
1. Human beings were created in the image of God, the result of a divine plan rather than an accidental byproduct of unguided natural processes;
2. Humans and other creatures are similar not because the former evolved from the latter, but because the latter were created on the pattern of the former;
3. The dualities of sungsang/hyungsang and yang/yin are rooted in God's nature and reflected in all created beings; in humans, these take the form of spiritual/ physical and masculine/feminine.
4. Adam and Eve were specially created by God, not biologically descended from ape-like animals -- though the latter were a step in the creation of human beings.
Unification Thought and Darwinian evolution stand in fundamental contradiction to each other. While the latter maintains that living things in general, and human beings in particular, are accidental by-products of natural processes, the former maintains that God planned human beings from the beginning, and then designed all other things to resemble us to varying degrees.
There continues to be controversy over this aspect of Darwinism, with some people insisting that evolution is compatible with design. Whatever these people mean by "evolution," however, it is not what Charles Darwin meant. It is clear from the writings of Darwin himself that he regarded every specific outcome of the evolutionary process -- from structures and organs to entire species and kingdoms -- as undesigned. Anyone who claims to see design in evolution is taking a position other than Darwin's.
This point has been forcefully made by many of Darwin's modern followers. For example, Oxford biologist Richard Dawkins has written, "All appearances to the contrary, the only watchmaker in nature is the blind forces of physics, albeit deployed in a very special way. A true watchmaker has foresight: he designs his cogs and springs, and plans their interconnections, with a future purpose in his mind's eye. Natural selection, the blind, unconscious, automatic process which Darwin discovered, and which we now know is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life, has no purpose in mind."
As the phrase "we now know" reveals, Dawkins considers the case closed. "It is absolutely safe to say," he wrote, "that if you meet somebody who claims not to believe in evolution, that person is ignorant, stupid or insane (or wicked, but I'd rather not consider that)." Thus, "the theory of evolution by cumulative natural selection is the only theory we know of that is in principle capable of explaining the existence of organized complexity." It also clear that this has theological implications for Dawkins: "Although atheism might have been logically tenable before Darwin, Darwin made it possible to be an intellectually fulfilled atheist."
Tufts University philosopher Daniel Dennett makes similar points. "Darwin's dangerous idea," he wrote in 1995, "cuts much deeper into the fabric of our most fundamental beliefs than many of its sophisticated apologists have yet admitted, even to themselves.... Darwin's idea [bears] an unmistakable likeness to universal acid: it eats through just about every traditional concept, and leaves in its wake a revolutionized world-view." Thus, "evolutionists who see no conflict between evolution and their religious beliefs have been careful not to look as closely as we have been looking, or else hold a religious view that gives God what we might call a merely ceremonial role to play."
According to Dennett, this means that society has a duty to teach our children that traditional religious views (such as theism) are false. "Those whose visions dictate that they cannot peacefully coexist with the rest of us we will have to quarantine as best we can.... If you insist on teaching your children falsehoods -- that the Earth is flat, that 'Man' is not a product of evolution by natural selection -- then you must expect, at the very least, that those of us who have freedom of speech will feel free to describe your teachings as the spreading of falsehoods, and will attempt to demonstrate this to your children at the earliest opportunity. Our future well-being -- the well-being of all of us on this planet -- depends on the education of our descendants. What, then, of all the glories of our religious traditions? They should certainly be preserved, as should the languages, the art, the costumes, the rituals, the monuments. Zoos are now more and more being seen as second-class havens for endangered species, but at least they are havens, and what they preserve is irreplaceable.... What will happen, one may well wonder, if religion is preserved in cultural zoos, in libraries, in concerts and demonstrations?"
The fundamental contradiction between Unification Thought and Darwinian evolution on the issue of God and design leads to a reversal in the order of causation. In Unification Thought, living things originate in God and His purpose. Then a give-and-receive relationship between internal form (in the subject position) and external form (in the object position) produces the organism. In Darwinian evolution, the organism comes first, and its sole "purpose" is survival. The external environment (struggle for survival in the face of limited resources) then acts on internal constraints (random variations, with new ones arising from genetic mutations) to produce something new. The only role God might play in the Darwinian scheme is as a product of human imagination, which is itself an accidental by-product of the evolutionary process. From a Darwinian perspective God is not the creator of man, man is the creator of God...
So, Darwinian evolution fundamentally contradicts Unification Thought. Both cannot be true. Disproving one of two contradictory views cannot, of course, validate the other; but if one view is confirmed by scientific evidence, the other view is untenable. Darwinists claim that their view is confirmed by overwhelming evidence.
If so, then Unification Thought must be rejected. So we need to ask whether the scientific evidence confirms Darwinian evolution.
Universal common ancestry: Universal common ancestry is the claim that all living things are modified descendants of one or a few original forms. Limited common ancestry is not in dispute: No one doubts, for example, that all human beings are modified descendants of some original human beings. The question is not whether members of an existing species are related through descent with modification, but whether all species are so related. ...
According to Darwin, features in different organisms are homologous' because they were inherited from a common ancestor. The biologists who described homology a decade before Darwin, however, attributed it to construction or creation on a common archetype or design. How can one determine whether homology in living things comes from common ancestry or common design?
Simply pointing to the similarities themselves won't do, as biologist Tim Berra inadvertently showed when he used different models of Corvette automobiles to illustrate descent with modification in his 1990 book, Evolution and the Myth of Creationism. Berra wrote that "descent with modification is overwhelmingly obvious" in Corvettes, but we all know that automobile similarities are due to common design rather than common ancestry. Only by demonstrating that a Corvette can morph into another model by natural processes could someone rule out the need for a designer. Analogously, the only scientific way to demonstrate that similarities in living things are due to common ancestry would be to identify the natural mechanism that produced them.
Natural selection: Clearly, natural selection occurs; but there is no observational evidence that it can produce new species. The evidence for genetic mutations as the raw materials for natural selection is no better.
The most abundant evidence for genetic mutations comes from research on bacteria, because their small size and short generation times make it easy to experiment with many organisms, and because they can be exposed to potent mutagens and strong selection. Rare beneficial mutations do occur, but these are strictly biochemical changes affecting only single molecules. There are no known beneficial mutations that produce new structures, organs, or body plans, and no mutations have ever been observed to produce new species.
Bacteriologist Alan Linton wrote in 2001, "But where is the experimental evidence [for Darwin's theory]? None exists in the literature claiming that one species has been shown to evolve into another. Bacteria, the simplest form of independent life, are ideal for this kind of study, with generation times of twenty to thirty minutes, and populations achieved after eighteen hours. But throughout a hundred and fifty years of the science of bacteriology, there is no evidence that one species of bacteria has changed into another in spite of the fact that populations have been exposed to potent chemical and physical mutagens and that, uniquely, bacteria possess extrachromosomal, transmissible plasmids. Since there is no evidence for species changes between the simplest forms of unicellular life, it is not surprising that there is no evidence for evolution from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells, let alone throughout the whole array of higher multicellular organisms."
Jonathan Wells graduated from Unification Theological Seminary in 1978. He subsequently earned a PhD. in theology from Yale University (1986) and a PhD. in biology from the University of California at Berkeley. He is the author of Charles Hodge's Critique of Darwinism (Edwin Mellen Press, 1988) and Icons of Evolution: Why Much of What We Teach about Evolution is Wrong (Regnery Publishing, 2000). | <urn:uuid:4390368b-b462-477c-b953-c059883052b3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tparents.org/Library/Unification/Talks/Wells/Wells-040000.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00099-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957405 | 4,633 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Describe production system. How does concept of production system aid in understanding of OM?
Production systems are subsystems determined in manufacturing. This comprises everything required to design, make, and distribute good. Basically, production systems comprise everything from initial stages of designing product, all the way to finished good.
By understanding what production system is for company it permits people to know what all goes into OM. Operations management oversees all production systems and then is also in charge of implementing company's business strategy. You can know what OM means, but to understand what they are all in charge of, you should understand what production systems all incorporate. Hence, understanding everything about production system will aid you understand what operations management is in charge of and what they should ensure is running smoothly.
What are you explanation on this passage? | <urn:uuid:f46b53e1-6924-478b-ba1d-0ba5386ac5b8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mywordsolution.com/question/describe-production-system-how-does-concept-of/932424 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945908 | 162 | 3.125 | 3 |
The relationship between inkjet printer and pharmaceutical packaging
With the advancement of science and technology, people’s living standards have improved significantly, and inkjet printers have become more and more widely used in real life. The development of the pharmaceutical industry is inseparable from our lives, because the pharmaceutical industry is A very special industry, so it has strict requirements for its production, packaging requirements are quite strict, whether it is medicine or other items, its production date and other iconic information is indispensable, so it is necessary to mention the inkjet printer Now, there will be some problems in various commodities on the market, and the use of large-character inkjet printers can avoid this phenomenon, and it also plays an important role in the development of commodities. Nothing can be perfect, and it is inevitable that there will be some mistakes. There will be some problems in the packaging of medicines. If the packaging is improper, it will bury hidden safety hazards for the goods. Therefore, the safe packaging is quite Is important, especially in the printing work of inkjet printers. Most of the inkjet printers use inks when they are working, and there are many chemical components. Once they come into contact with pharmaceutical products, they will have great hidden dangers. At present, the use of environmentally friendly inks is vigorously promoted in China, and the printing of inkjet printers has also begun to transform. The printing safety of the iconic information of the pharmaceutical industry cannot be ignored, because it is related to our human health. After all, using the wrong medicine will kill people. .
AROJET series single piece label variable data UV inkjet printers
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Bottle cap is the upstream industry of food and pharmaceutical industry, and is the key product of bottle container packaging. Nowadays, security awareness has been enhanced, and traceable effect of anti-counterfeiting has been increasing rapidly. To achieve this point, the call of the national food and drug supervision and management is also the voice of the general public. Safety issues need to be solved by enterprises to establish a tracing system, and the establishment of tracing system needs the technical support of third-party organizations platform. It is necessary to adopt traceable effect that can achieve anti-counterfeiting. Monochrome bottle cap printer, give the cap of commodity bottle or bottle body directly with variable two-dimensional code, let the printer cooperate with the merchant to solve the problem of anti-counterfeiting tracing, borrow high-quality jet printer equipment to help you.
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Packaging two-dimensional code-jet equipment to open up business for you
As the world enters the era of Internet of Things, developed economies are promoting the development of intelligent manufacturing. Mechanical packaging two-dimensional code-jet equipment is a machine that assigns codes to products or packages. The two-dimensional code of commodities occupies an important position. It can promote the interaction between enterprises and users, expand the advocacy of social science and technology development. It is convenient and fast to read the two-dimensional code printed by the code-jet equipment. Percentage of literacy, reduce labor costs, so that your business more standardized, products beyond the expectations of customers, has increasingly become a new favorite logo.
Commodity packaging anti-counterfeiting inkjet printer + UV curing lamp fully open the new era of packaging
the commodity packaging anti-counterfeiting inkjet printers used for anti-counterfeiting purposes can accurately identify the authenticity and the technology that is not easy to be copied and copied
AROJET color inkjet printer SP-9800 brings unique charm to your packaging
SP-9800 innovative industrial digital color inkjet printing system, uses advanced technology, modular design, flexible combination with flexographic, die cutting and label printing equipment and post-press production line, to achieve perfect inkjet printing. | <urn:uuid:344c42ef-26f4-4d25-aa27-e051c8e70deb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.arojet.net/the-relationship-between-inkjet-printer-and-pharmaceutical-packaging | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.920305 | 930 | 2.25 | 2 |
In a popular video game you have a little character named Mario who is supposed to rescue Princess Toadstool. In doing so he has to jump on certain characters heads in order to kill them. It is scenes like this that the government wants to outlaw. How can the government limit the amount of violence a kid sees in his or her childhood because the only way is to remove the kids eyes just so he or she couldnt see the violence? Of course the kid can still hear the violence, so what are they going to do, cut off the kids ears too? After that, the kid would be safe from seeing and hearing violence. What could the kid do after that? Violence is just a part of human nature; it may be a part that civilized humans suppress in order to try to have law and order.
Law and order are two things that just seem like guidelines from which a kid bases his or her rebellion. Just like in Columbine High School there was a small group of kids who were willing to break the law because there were restrictions on what they could do. And because they were teased by some of the kids, and to them it might have felt like the whole school was coming down on them, they got their revenge in one way possible. Although we will never know exactly why, even though they left a note, they rebelled against the system like they did; we will never know because they are now dead from their suicide pact. From now on, I think that someone should take threats a little more seriously when it comes to kids like they are. In video games you could be, as the government puts it, trained like a killer just from video games.
I dont believe that statement to be true, because if it were then we would have a holodeck from Star Trek. A holodeck is a virtual reality device, in which you are in a room where you can actually touch everything, and it all smells and feels real. Whereas, when it comes to a computer, you cant actually touch anything, except the keyboard and mouse to control what is happening. That is why it is called virtual reality.
Virtual reality is just a sub-form of reality, meaning that it isnt true reality. All movies fall into four categories to me: love, violence, humorous, informational/educational, or any combination of the four. Violent movies are the slasher movie type, to me. Of course all types of movies have violence. A love movie could have a woman slapping a man in the face, or a humorous movie could have a group of screw up cops who do the funniest things and, of course, they keep their badges. And in the informational/educational movies you could have a lion eating a whale.
All forms of movies have a piece of violence except a slasher movie has a couple of scenes more, and so it is deemed bad by some. Then you have the recent shooting in Colorado. In the aftermath a note is found that says something about video games being part of their problem. After that, the media just takes such a liking to that, and they call for a political uprising just for ratings. When the government gets involved, then things get all messed up and teens usually are the ones that usually get screwed by it.
That is why I hate the government and dont want to get involved. The only reason that the government got involved is because of the media making a big deal about this small factor, in doing so, getting the public attention so that the government will have to | <urn:uuid:c9b5192d-397b-4759-aa95-b0e1e7ed44e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thatholyanarchist.com/essay/violence-in-america-essay-80178-3095 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.980797 | 719 | 2.390625 | 2 |
More than 30 children have been hospitalized with possible food poisoning at the Sunnyside Child Care Center on Norman Bridge Road in Montgomery, Alabama, according to AlabamaNews.net. The children have been suffering from vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps.
Some children must remain at the hospital overnight tonight at Baptist South for monitoring. Chief Medical Officer Dr. Tom Miller said lab work is being conducted to determine what caused the illnesses. First impressions is that contaminated food may have been served at the daycare.
Other news reports are that more than 60 children have been taken to emergency rooms with food poisoning symptoms. The hospital has opened a unit just for these children, according to the Montgomery Advertiser.
Some children were taken to the hospital by ambulance, and others brought by their parents. At 9:30 pm local time on June 23, 2015, the number of children who had been seen at hospitals may have been more than 60.
Environmental samples are being taken at the daycare center. Public health officials don’t expect to have any answers about the bacteria that may be causing the illnesses, or how the children were exposed until morning. | <urn:uuid:84cfbc2c-8ff4-4943-b887-b57bae0611b4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://foodpoisoningbulletin.com/2015/kids-sickened-with-food-poisoning-at-montgomery-al-daycare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980425 | 233 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Women who are ovulating are less likely to become pregnant if they feel stressed, according to a new study.
Researchers already knew that stress limited the likelihood of conception, thanks to earlier work that used biomarkers to measure stress levels. But the new study asked women to report their own stress levels, as well as other details.
The results show that even a woman’s perception of her stress can affect the likelihood of conception.
“These findings add more evidence to a very limited body of research investigating whether perceived stress can affect fertility,” said Kira Taylor, an epidemiologist at the University of Louisville and a co-author of the study. “The results imply that women who wish to conceive may increase their chances by taking active steps towards stress reduction such as exercising, enrolling in a stress management program or talking to a health professional.”
Dealing with stress
Being under stress, especially for prolonged periods of time, is unhealthy in ways that extend far beyond pregnancy.
The National Institutes of Health says there are three types of stress, and each carries physical and mental health risks:
- Routine stress related to daily responsibilities at work and home
- Stress triggered by unwelcome change, such as divorce, loss of a job or sickness
- Traumatic stress, such as when suffering a serious injury or threat, from an assault to exposure to combat
The NIH says reactions to stress vary according to the type of stress and a person’s psychological makeup. Unhealthy stress reactions may include:
- Digestive symptoms
- Susceptibility to infections
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
There are many ways to manage stress, depending on its severity, from seeking help from a qualified mental health adviser to taking a yoga class. One of the challenges for people under stress is recognizing the body’s responses to stress, such as difficulty sleeping.
The new study, “The impact of periconceptional maternal stress on fecundability,” was published in the journal Annals of Epidemiology.
The University of Louisville issued a press release describing the findings.
A 2011 study, “Stress reduces conception probabilities across the fertile window: evidence in support of relaxation,” was published in Fertility and Sterility. It is the work that used biomarkers found in the saliva of women to link stress with conception.
The NIH offers a Fact Sheet on Stress, which discusses how stress affects your health and what you can do it manage it.
If you’re trying to become pregnant and feeling stressed, or if you’re simply trying to manage the stress in your life, talk with your health care provider.
If you’re looking for a provider, you can find one in the Providence system here. | <urn:uuid:9fc67bec-682e-4722-8c60-881be380c226> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.providence.org/archive/stress-reduces-the-likelihood-of-conception | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.953513 | 590 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The major encouragement to literary aspirants in New Zealand, apart from the Robert Burns Fellowship, is that given by the Literary Fund. This was established in 1947 after representations had been made to the Government by the P.E.N. It is financed from the vote of the Department of Internal Affairs, the money being allotted on the recommendation of an advisory committee. The Literary Fund was set up with three principal aims:
To facilitate the publication of works of literary value in the fields of historical writing, contemporary imaginative literature, and reprints of New Zealand classics and Maori literature.
To make financial grants to New Zealand authors undertaking creative work on approved projects.
To facilitate the publication of critical books and studies of New Zealand literature, usually by grants to publishers.
Under heading (1) the Fund has supported a wide range of books. Representative titles are: Keith Sinclair, The Origin of the Maori Wars (history); Maurice Duggan, Immanuel's Land (stories); Janet Frame, Owls Do Cry (novel); Bruce Mason, The Pohutukawa Tree (drama); Charles Doyle, A Splinter of Glass (poetry); M. H. Holcroft, Discovered Isles (criticism, reprint); Robin Hyde, Check to Your King (novel, reprint); John Logan Campbell, Poenamo (autobiography, reprint); John Gorst, The Maori King (history, reprint).
Authors assisted under (2) have received grants for travel, for research materials, etc. One of the notable books resulting is Antony Alpers' biography, Katherine Mansfield.
Under (3) assistance given includes subsidies to the Arts Year Book, Landfall, The New Zealand Poetry Yearbook, Mate, Numbers, Image, and other periodicals. There have been grants to literary bodies for bulletins, and for writers' conferences; a grant is made annually to the P.E.N. to bring the prize money of the Jessie Mackay Awards and Hubert Church up to £50 each.
After some 10 years' experience, the Literary Fund extended its activities by the creation of two annual awards for New Zealand writers. These are the Award of Achievement and the Scholarship in Letters.
The Award for Achievement is worth £100; winners to date are Janet Frame (for Owls Do Cry), Ruth France (for The Race), and O. E. Middleton (for The Stone).
The Scholarship in Letters is to the value of £1,000, is intended to enable the recipient to give all or most of his time to the project nominated by him, whether in New Zealand or abroad, during the year of tenure. Holders have been E. H. McCormick, Sylvia Ashton-Warner, Maurice Shadbolt, and Marilyn Duckworth.
by Joan Stevens, M.A.(N.Z., OXON.), Associate Professor of English, Victoria University of Wellington.
- The New Zealand Writers Handbook, Perry, S. (ed.) (1952)
- A Survey of the Arts in New Zealand. Simpson, E. C. (1961). | <urn:uuid:693e6528-1414-477b-8a12-428083a7b079> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/literary-awards/page-6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.931141 | 648 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Natural, Green, American Furniture: who could argue with that, right? Given similar prices, most people would rather buy this kind of eco-friendly furniture as opposed to foreign imports and here are just a few reasons why:
- The use of sustainably-harvested, local wood helps preserve our forests and the biodiversity we rely on for our very existence
- The avoidance of using illegally harvested tropical woods like mahogany and teak helps preserve the world's vanishing rainforests and the endangered species within them (Twenty percent of global warming is attributed to deforestation).
- Preservation of the art and tradition of American furniture making is important to us.
- Preservation of high quality, green, American jobs is important to us.
- The support for fair treatment of foreign workers, in terms of occupational safety and health and wages is important to us.
I recently read a well-researched series of articles in the Salt Lake Tribune titled, American Imports- Chinese Deaths about how Chinese workers are losing their lives producing goods for America. Many Chinese workers are dying from cancers and other fatal occupational diseases caused by exposure to benzene, toluene, formaldehyde and more. These chemicals are present in the paints, varnishes, glues and solvents that are pervasive in low-cost, imported furniture. Several pages of the series were devoted to discussions of amputation and the loss of life and limb, due to worker exposure to unguarded machinery.
These are the realities of imported furniture and the reasons why Vermont Woods Studios customers "bother" to purchase natural, green, American furniture. They're concerned for the health and safety of the people who make our furniture as well as the health of their own families. And acquiring beautiful, high quality furniture makes them feel good about their choices everytime they sit at the dining table or sleep soundly in their bedroom furniture. Bravo to those consumers who value the benefits of natural, American made furniture!
This blog is written by your friends at Vermont Woods Studios. Check out our Vermont made furniture and home decor online and visit our showroom and art gallery at Stonehurst, the newly restored 1800s farmhouse nestled in the foothills of the Green Mountains. | <urn:uuid:0955d58e-d1de-4997-aa0a-375c9bedc633> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://vermontfurnitureblog.com/natural-green-american-furniture-why-bother/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00020-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965706 | 455 | 2.171875 | 2 |
What are the aims of the Centre IDEA-UMinho?
• Stimulate the improvement of teaching and learning.
• Support teachers' professional development.
• Foster teaching practices based on innovation.
• Promote and disseminate innovative practices.
• Promote, support and design teaching & learning projects in various contexts across campus.
• Participate in (multi)disciplinary partnerships and networks focused on teaching activities.
What are the actions of the Centre IDEA-UMinho?
In dialogue with the Schools/Institutes and their teachers, the Centre IDEA-UMinho offers regular training, promotes project contests and disseminates quality practices in various contexts of teaching and learning.
Additionally, it participates in (inter)national forums and projects so as to showcase good practices developed at the University of Minho and bring in current teaching approaches and resources. | <urn:uuid:176ef80d-191a-4908-a025-9199b8d4335c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://idea.uminho.pt/en/about-us/Pages/mission.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.938276 | 175 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Matt Rudd on snails’ trails
'Who wants to eat something covered in slime? Apart from birds and hedgehogs, says Dr Allen. And the French. And my toddler'
Many, many readers have been asking about molluscs. For example: “Dear Mr
Rudd, it’s all very well your newspaper covering the government’s failure to
tackle our growing deficit crisis, but why do snails leave trails? Yours,
You’re right, anon. This needs to be addressed. I sought help from Dr Mike
Allen, president of the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
There are three reasons for the slime. First, movement. “Snails move by
contracting and expanding their bodies,” says Dr Allen. “The slime acts as
grease to help ‘slide’ over the ground.” A bit like John Travolta circa
Saturday Night Fever.
Two, desiccation. Snails dry out. They need moisturiser. Like David Beckham.
Three, protection. Who wants to eat something covered in slime? Apart from
birds and hedgehogs, says Dr Allen. And the French. And my toddler. But it’s
a snail, not the Pentagon. It has to work | <urn:uuid:bd701614-64ff-431a-9960-557edbbb0931> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/Magazine/minute_mag/article1225378.ece | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00198-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925675 | 279 | 2.03125 | 2 |
(CNN) -- Even in tough economic times, you may find yourself with a bit of cash to spare. You've been working hard, and you want to treat yourself. Should you spend it on an experience, such as a baseball game or concert, or a material object?
An experience may generate positive memories that outlast the allure of a new material possession.
Psychological research suggests that, in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions.
That's in part because the initial joy of acquiring a new object, such as a new car, fades over time as people become accustomed to seeing it every day, experts said. Experiences, on the other hand, continue to provide happiness through memories long after the event occurred.
Ryan Howell, assistant professor of psychology at San Francisco State University, presented his findings this week at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology annual meeting. Watch for more on the study »
The study looked at 154 people enrolled at San Francisco State University, with an average age of about 25. Participants answered questions about a recent purchase -- either material or experiential -- they personally made in the last three months with the intention of making themselves happy.
While most people were generally happy with the purchase regardless of what it was, those who wrote about experiences tended to show a higher satisfaction at the time and after the experience had passed.
The most striking difference was in how participants said others around them reacted to either the purchased object or experience. Experiences led to more happiness in others than purchases did. A sense of relatedness to others -- getting closer to friends and family -- may be one of the reasons why experiences generate more happiness.
"When people spend money on life experiences, whether they also take someone with them or buy an extra ticket or whatever, most of our life experiences involve other individuals," Howell said. People were fulfilling their need for social bonding while having these experiences, he said. Visit CNNhealth.com, your connection for better living
Another reason for increased happiness in experiences, the researchers found, was that people felt a greater sense of vitality or "being alive" during the experience and in reflection, Howell said.
"As nice as your new computer is, it's not going to make you feel alive," he said.
Most psychologists who study the phenomenon say people adapt to a new purchase in six to eight weeks, up to a maximum of three months, Howell said. That means the initial pleasure we get from a new possession generally fades in a matter of months.
Howell's study builds on earlier work by Thomas Gilovich, professor and chairman of the psychology department at Cornell University. Gilovich and colleague Leaf Van Boven's seminal 2003 paper "To do or to have: That is the question" found similar results about possessions bringing less happiness than experiences.
Experts also point out that people are less self-conscious when comparing experiences than they are about possessions. It will probably bother you more that your friend's home theater is better than yours than if your friend saw more sights on her South Seas vacation, Gilovich said.
Experiences form "powerful and important memories that I wouldn't trade for anything in the world," Gilovich said.
It's not just individuals who should be thinking about investing in experiences when making purchasing choices -- policy makers should also keep this reasoning in mind for their communities, he said.
"If you create municipalities with more parks, bike trails, more hiking trails that make experiences easier, then I think you're going to have a happier population," he said.
With Valentine's Day coming up, does this research mean you should give your honey a nice dinner or weekend getaway rather than a material present, such as a necklace or watch?
The issue of happiness conferred to others has been studied less, so the answer is unclear, experts said.
While Howell would expect this principle of experiences over possessions to still apply, Gilovich agreed that it may, but also points out that the act of giving or receiving an object as a gift is an experience in itself.
"Gifts of material possessions often become keepsakes and have sentimental value that increase with time, instead of diminishing like most material goods," Gilovich said.
All About Psychology | <urn:uuid:705335c4-fa6f-49de-93b8-3dbfbbc03f88> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://edition.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/02/10/happiness.possessions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00141-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970475 | 861 | 2.3125 | 2 |
sRGB color space profile.icm is the default profile used by Microsoft WCS
(windows Color System), so it could be considered an "essential" file, at least to display colors properly in MS applications (such as IE). It is based (or the same) as sRGB IEC 61966-2-1.
It is very likely that the file in the /system32/spool/drivers/color/ folder has a "Hard link" to the same file in another location, most likely /Windows/Winsxs (Windows components store), which recreates the file if you delete it.
In windows vista, 7 or later, you can check if you have a hard link from a command prompt (with administrator privileges):
> Fsutil hardlink list "sRGB Color Space Profile.icm"
In windows XP the Fsutil hardlink does not support the command "list", but there are a couple of utilities available from third parties if you google for it. | <urn:uuid:ecfd68c2-0ecc-444d-88d9-b058499d19be> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?topic=78396.msg630213 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719079.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00035-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922914 | 208 | 1.664063 | 2 |
The idea of the Netbook was that it would live off the Web, but the way the vast majority use it now is like a little notebook.
They have OK performance, 60GB or better hard drives, and Wi-Fi. They are, in terms of performance, in line with notebooks of about 2 years ago unless they run the NVIDIA Ion graphics, in which case they can outperform, in some ways, notebooks that are much more current.
But they dont live off the Web; they are small notebooks that, while a great value, dont really address the promise of the Netbook.
What Google and Apple are rumored to be developing, along with ARM, is a real class of Netbook computers. Similar in size to the existing Netbooks, but with less expensive internal parts, a much higher reliance on the network, and an experience that is closer to an iPhone or G1 than to a current notebook computer.
The key gating problem is WAN, and right now 3G, isnt that affordable and Wi-Fi isnt available enough to really make the result work as well as it needs to.
But that is coming.
4G: The Gating Factor
Right now the reason 3G data isnt less expensive is because the networks are saturated.
If you dont have enough of something than lowering the price of that something is stupid and there isnt enough bandwidth for most of the large wireless networks to drive a lower subscription price.
But with the next generations of wireless, bandwidth is supposed to come up sharply. We have been discussing that the inflection point is probably sometime around 2011, when much of the market will have low cost wireless broadband.
Once this occurs the concept of ultra thin, ultra inexpensive, ultra connected true Netbooks becomes vastly more interesting.
Kiss your Non-connected Life Goodbye
Intel and Microsoft are looking at a coming inflection point. Now, both have solutions they can roll to address this, but both will worry a great deal about cannibalization of higher priced offerings. And, Microsoft in particular would need to address this risk much like they did with .NET, as a company, and Bill Gates isnt there to drive this anymore.
Typically every 10 years leaders in technology market change. Both Intel and Microsoft have been unique in that they have held through two cycles. The interesting question will be: do they hold through the third?
Regardless we are going to see some really interesting changes in what we can buy over the next several years and if you thought you were addicted to your Blackberry, wait until you see what is coming. You can kiss your non-connected life goodbye. | <urn:uuid:5a8e519f-b247-4202-9ac8-e0d282f12163> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.datamation.com/columns/article.php/11079_3809836_2/The-AppleGoogle-Netbook-and-the-Next-Big-Thing.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969159 | 541 | 1.890625 | 2 |
As a photographer, you are always looking to improve your skills and album. However, sometimes photographers can make mistakes that can ruin a photo session or even an entire career.
There are a few things that you must avoid as a photographer if you want to be successful.
Here are ten of the most common mistakes:
1. Not Researching Your Gear Before Buying It
One of the most common mistakes that photographers make is not researching their gear before making a purchase. With all of the different types of cameras, lenses, and accessories available on the market today, it’s important to do your homework before investing in any photography equipment. Read reviews from other photographers, research online, and take the time to figure out what will best suit your needs.
2. Not Diversifying Your Portfolio
When it comes to photography, it is important to have a wide range of images in your portfolio. This will show potential clients that you are versatile and can handle different types of shoots. If your portfolio only consists of one type of photography, it will be harder to attract new clients.
3. Not Keeping Your Equipment Clean
It is important to keep your equipment clean at all times. This includes your camera, lenses, and other accessories. If you do not keep your equipment clean, it will affect the quality of your photos.
4. Not Backing Up Your Images
Backing up your images is essential in case something happens to your computer or memory card. There are several ways you can back up your images, such as using an external hard drive or cloud storage.
Make sure all of your images are properly backed up so that you don’t lose them if something happens to your computer.
5. Not Editing Your Images
Editing your images is a crucial part of the photography process. This is where you can make your photos pop and stand out from the rest. If you do not edit your images, they will look dull.
6. Not Researching Your Subjects
If you are going to be photographing people or places, it is important to do some research beforehand. This way, you will know what to expect and how to best capture your subject.
7. Not Networking
As a photographer, it is important to network with other professionals in the industry. This will help you get your name out there and attract new clients. It can also lead to opportunities for collaboration or joint ventures.
In today’s day and age, networking is more important than ever. Get connected with other photographers in your area and online to make sure you’re always up-to-date on the latest trends, news, and tips.
8. Not Having A Backup Plan
No matter how well you plan, there’s always the potential for something to go wrong. That’s why it’s important to have a backup plan in place for your photography business. Whether it’s an extra camera body or flash unit, make sure you have a contingency plan for when things don’t go as planned.
9. Not Knowing Your Rights
As a photographer, it’s important to know and understand your rights. When it comes to copyright law, there are a lot of grey areas. Be sure to educate yourself on the ins and outs of copyright law so that you can avoid any legal trouble down the road.
10. Not Taking Care Of Your Gear
Your photography equipment is a major investment, so it’s important to take care of it. Clean your lenses regularly, store your gear properly and don’t be afraid to invest in some protection for your equipment. By taking care of your gear, you’ll ensure that it will last for years to come.
Avoiding these common mistakes will help you become a better photographer and run a successful business. Do your research, be prepared, and take care of your gear, and you’ll be on your way to success.
If you are looking for a photo booth rental, just simply click it. | <urn:uuid:c2a3543e-1fe4-4089-b1a6-23c7d52ba146> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ohbuyshoes.com/2022/07/05/10-mistakes-that-you-must-avoid-as-a-photographer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.940915 | 828 | 1.820313 | 2 |
2017 READING CHALLENGE RECOMMENDATIONS
The new year is a time to challenge yourself to reach new […]
Douglas G. Brinkley
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Acclaimed historian and author of the "New York Times" bestselling Tour of Duty Douglas Brinkley tells the riveting account of the brave U.S. Army Rangers who stormed the coast of Normandy on D-Day and the President, forty years later, who paid them homage.
The importance of Pointe du Hoc to Allied planners like General Dwight Eisenhower cannot be overstated. The heavy U.S. and British warships poised in the English Channel had eighteen targets on their bombardment list for D-Day morning. The 100-foot promontory known as Pointe du Hoc -- where six big German guns were ensconced -- was number one. General Omar Bradley, in fact, called knocking out the Nazi defenses at the Pointe the toughest of any task assigned on June 6, 1944. Under the bulldoggish command of Colonel James E. Rudder of Texas, who is profiled here, these elite forces "Rudder's Rangers" -- took control of the fortified cliff. The liberation of Europe was under way.
Based upon recently released documents from the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, the Eisenhower Center, Texas A & M University, and the U.S. Army Military History Institute, The Boys of Pointe du Hoc is the first in-depth, anecdotal remembrance of these fearless Army Rangers. With brilliant deftness, Brinkley moves between two events four decades apart to tell the dual story of the making of Reagan's two uplifting 1984 speeches, considered by many to be among the best orations the Great Communicator ever gave, and the actualheroic event, which was indelibly captured as well in the opening scenes of Steven Spielberg's "Saving Private Ryan." Just as compellingly, Brinkley tells the story of how Lisa Zanatta Henn, the daughter of a D-Day veteran, forged a special friendship with President Reagan that changed public perceptions of World War II veterans forever. Two White House speechwriters -- Peggy Noonan and Tony Dolan -- emerge in the narrative as the master scribes whose ethereal prose helped Reagan become the spokesperson for the entire World War II generation.
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© Better World Books (BetterWorldBooks.com) | <urn:uuid:357ea0d8-2928-4ab7-acfd-b5e5fd4049ed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.betterworldbooks.com/the-boys-of-pointe-du-hoc-id-0060759348.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00123-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.911005 | 669 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Get up to speed on the latest Ethernet capabilities for building and maintaining networks for everything from homes and offices to data centers and server machine rooms. This thoroughly revised, comprehensive guide covers a wide range of Ethernet technologies, from basic operation to network management, based on the authors' many years of field experience. When should you upgrade to higher speed Ethernet? How do you use switches to build larger networks? How do you troubleshoot the system? This book provides the answers. If you're looking to build a scalable network with Ethernet to satisfy greater bandwidth and market requirements, this book is indeed the definitive guide.
Examine the most widely used media systems, as well as advanced 40 and 100 gigabit Ethernet Learn about Ethernet's four basic elements and the IEEE standards Explore full-duplex Ethernet, Power over Ethernet, and Energy Efficient Ethernet Understand structured cabling systems and the components you need to build your Ethernet system Use Ethernet switches to expand and improve network design Delve into Ethernet performance, from specific channels to the entire network Get troubleshooting techniques for problems common to twisted-pair and fiber optic systems | <urn:uuid:40116671-4f2f-4fcd-8822-a66ad1a2f477> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.tanum.no/_ethernet:-the-definitive-guide-charles-spurgeon-9781449361846 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00545-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902442 | 220 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Acceptance of an augmented reality system as a visualization tool for computer-aided design classes
Rights accessOpen Access
This paper presents a study conducted with nineteen students from the Technical University of Catalonia. The study examines user experience and acceptance of an Augmented Reality (AR) system as a visualization tool for Computer-Aided Design (CAD) classes. Although results showed that AR does not improve the learning of CAD techniques, students mentioned that they would find it useful and interesting to continue using AR in CAD lectures. They said that AR helps them to easily understand the forms and volumes of objects and better comprehend the location of objects in the space and its relations with others.
CitationAlves, B.; Fernandez, J. Acceptance of an augmented reality system as a visualization tool for computer-aided design classes. "Interactive educational multimedia", 16 Abril 2008, núm. 16, p. 1-8. | <urn:uuid:fa03e14d-6874-4d86-b5a2-cbad24fc57c3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2117/9714 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00025-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.879489 | 191 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Following the church shooting this week, South Carolina Gov. Nikki Haley offered powerful words of healing and said the “people of South Carolina need us to come together and be strong.”
But at the same time the state’s citizens are being urged to “come together,” the state continues to display a divisive symbol — the Confederate flag — outside the state Capitol.
Reacting to calls to remove it, Sen. Lindsey Graham said the flag “is part of who we are.”
His answer makes me wonder just who Graham means by “we.” Does he mean the white people of South Carolina? Does he mean the neo-Confederates of South Carolina? Surely he doesn’t mean the African Americans in his state whose ancestors were enslaved, tortured and murdered under the regime represented by that flag. Surely he doesn’t mean older African Americans who still recall the terrorism of Klansmen who adopted the flag as their standard during Jim Crow. Surely not.
Meanwhile, Haley danced around the question in the wake of the racist attack on the Emanuel AME Church by a young man who displayed an image of the Confederate flag on his vehicle. Her bottom line was that “right now, I’m not doing that to the people of my state.”
She seems blind to the fact that she’s doing something to a significant portion of the state every day, confronting them with a symbol of the state’s ugly past.
Like Graham, many white Southerners argue that the Confederate flag merely symbolizes family heritage or regional pride, and that their use of it isn’t intended as a hateful act. Displaying the flag in public places, they say, simply acknowledges its historic place in the cultural fabric of the South. But the time has come for South Carolina to take down the flag. Whatever its benign significance to some people, it historically signifies an era of slavery and oppression, and it has been appropriated as a symbol of hate by other groups. Those are facts, not an interpretation.
In his 1861 “Cornerstone” speech, Alexander H. Stephens, vice president of the Confederate States of America, left no doubt about what the Confederacy represented when he rejected the idea that slavery was a moral wrong: “Our new government is founded upon exactly the opposite idea; its foundations are laid, its corner-stone rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal condition. This, our new government, is the first, in the history of the world, based upon this great physical, philosophical, and moral truth.”
Let me be clear: I don’t think that everyone who reveres the flag is racist. Surely all of the people who apply for state-issued license plates bearing the flag do not believe in the hatred with which some people display it. For many South Carolinians, the flag at this point may well represent heritage without the taint of past racism.
But they should ask themselves, Whose heritage are they celebrating?
Is the Confederate flag really a symbol around which people, to paraphrase Gov. Haley, can “come together and be strong?”
To truly honor those who were slain, the Confederate flag in every state, in every form, must come down.
J. Richard Cohen is president of the Southern Poverty Law Center.
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- Want to Do More Good? This Movement Might Have the Answer | <urn:uuid:e61ea587-d850-43a4-9068-f44095c5ea8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://time.com/3929366/confederate-flag-states-take-it-down/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.953321 | 850 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Plants perennial, polygamous or dioecious, rhizomatous often arborescent. Stem short. Leaves usually crowded at the base of the stem, often succulent, entire, or with a prickly or toothed margin. Flowers bisexual or unisexual. Inflorescence racemose or paniculate, often on a thick scape. Perianth segments 6, free or united. Stamens 6, free, ± adnate to the perianth lobes. Anthers 2-locular, dorsifixed. Ovary superior or inferior, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules 1-many in each loculus, sytperposed. Fruit a loculicidal capsule or berry. Seeds compressed.
Included in the Amaryllidaceae by some authors and Liliaceae by others, but best recognised as a separate family based mainly on the arborescent habit, absence of bulbous parts and a large paniculate or racemose inflorescence. | <urn:uuid:327b8c70-56c1-4f3d-bda1-692ba622b0cb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://tropicos.org/Name/42000378?projectid=32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00554-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865863 | 213 | 2.71875 | 3 |
A Comparison Of NoSQL Database Management Systems And Models
NoSQL databases try to offer certain functionality that more traditional relational database management systems do not. Whether it is for holding simple key-value pairs for shorter lengths of time for caching purposes, or keeping unstructured collections (e.g. collections) of data that could not be easily dealt with using relational databases and the structured query language (SQL) – they are here to help.
In this DigitalOcean article, we are going to try to introduce you to various popular NoSQL database management systems and explain their purposes and functionality, so that you can decide which one to use, or if they even suit your application's needs -- at all.
1. Database Management Systems
2. NoSQL Database Management Systems
- Key / Value Based
- Column Based
- Document Based
- Graph Based
3. Key / Value Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
- Popular Key / Value Based Databases
- When To Use
4. Column Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
- Popular Column Based Databases
- When To Use
5. Document Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
- Popular Document Based Databases
- When To Use
6. Graph Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
- Popular Graph Based Databases
- When To Use
7. NoSQL DBMSs In Comparison To Relational DBMSs
- When To Use NoSQL Databases
Database Management Systems
Databases are logically modeled storage spaces for all kinds of different information (data). Each database, other than schema-less ones, have a model which provides structure for the data being dealt with. Database management systems are applications (or libraries) which manage databases of various shapes, sizes, and sorts.
Note: To learn more about Database Management Systems, check out our article: Understanding Databases.
NoSQL Database Management Systems
In the past decade or so, relational database management systems have been the choice of many developers and system administrators for a variety of applications, for a variety of reasons. Despite not being exactly flexible, the powerful nature of many RDBMS allowed complex database set-ups to be created, queried and used. This was more than enough for many requirements, since it was not until long ago that different needs started to rise.
The term "NoSQL" was coined over a decade ago, funnily enough as a name to yet-another relational database. However, this database had a different idea behind it: eliminating the use of the standardised SQL. In the next years to come, others picked up and continued to grow this thought, by referring to various other non-relational databases as NoSQL databases.
By design, NoSQL databases and management systems are relation-less (or schema-less). They are not based on a single model (e.g. relational model of RDBMSs) and each database, depending on their target-functionality, adopt a different one.
There are almost a handful of different operational models and functioning systems for NoSQL databases.:
- Key / Value:
e.g. Redis, MemcacheDB, etc.
e.g. Cassandra, HBase, etc.
e.g. MongoDB, Couchbase, etc
e.g. OrientDB, Neo4J, etc.
In order to better understand the roles and underlying technology of each database management system, let's quickly go over these four operational models.
Key / Value Based
We will begin our NoSQL modeling journey with key / value based database management simply because they can be considered the most basic and backbone implementation of NoSQL.
These type of databases work by matching keys with values, similar to a dictionary. There is no structure nor relation. After connecting to the database server (e.g. Redis), an application can state a key (e.g.
the_answer_to_life) and provide a matching value (e.g.
42) which can later be retrieved the same way by supplying the key.
Key / value DBMSs are usually used for quickly storing basic information, and sometimes not-so-basic ones after performing, for example, a CPU and memory intensive computation. They are extremely performant, efficient and usually easily scalable.
Note: When it comes to computers, a dictionary usually refers to a special sort of data object. They constitutes of arrays of collections with individual keys matching values.
Column based NoSQL database management systems work by advancing the simple nature of key / value based ones.
Despite their complicated-to-understand image on the internet, these databases work very simply by creating collections of one or more key / value pairs that match a record.
Unlike the traditional defines schemas of relational databases, column-based NoSQL solutions do not require a pre-structured table to work with the data. Each record comes with one or more columns containing the information and each column of each record can be different.
Basically, column-based NoSQL databases are two dimensional arrays whereby each key (i.e. row / record) has one or more key / value pairs attached to it and these management systems allow very large and un-structured data to be kept and used (e.g. a record with tons of information).
These databases are commonly used when simple key / value pairs are not enough, and storing very large numbers of records with very large numbers of information is a must. DBMS implementing column-based, schema-less models can scale extremely well.
Document based NoSQL database management systems can be considered the latest craze that managed to take a lot of people by storm. These DBMS work in a similar fashion to column-based ones; however, they allow much deeper nesting and complex structures to be achieved (e.g. a document, within a document, within a document).
Documents overcome the constraints of one or two level of key / value nesting of columnar databases. Basically, any complex and arbitrary structure can form a document, which can be stored using these management systems.
Despite their powerful nature, and the ability to query records by individual keys, document based management systems have their own issues and downfalls compared to others. For example, retrieving a value of a record means getting the whole lot of it and same goes for updates, all of which affect the performance.
Finally, the very interesting flavour of NoSQL database management systems is the graph based ones.
The graph based DBMS models represent the data in a completely different way than the previous three models. They use tree-like structures (i.e. graphs) with nodes and edges connecting each other through relations.
Similarly to mathematics, certain operations are much simpler to perform using these type of models thanks to their nature of linking and grouping related pieces of information (e.g. connected people).
These databases are commonly used by applications whereby clear boundaries for connections are necessary to establish. For example, when you register to a social network of any sort, your friends' connection to you and their friends' friends' relation to you are much easier to work with using graph-based database management systems.
Key / Value Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
Key / Value data stores are highly performant, easy to work with and they usually scale well.
Popular Key / Value Based Databases
Some popular key / value based data stores are:
In-memory K/V store with optional persistence.
Highly distributed, replicated K/V store.
- Memcached / MemcacheDB:
Distributed memory based K/V store.
When To Use
Some popular use cases for key / value based data stores are:
Quickly storing data for - sometimes frequent - future use.
Some K/V stores (e.g. Redis) supports lists, sets, queues and more.
- Distributing information / tasks:
They can be used to implement Pub/Sub.
- Keeping live information:
Applications which need to keep a state cane use K/V stores easily.
Column Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
Column based data stores are extremely powerful and they can be reliably used to keep important data of very large sizes. Despite not being "flexible" in terms of what constitutes as data, they are highly functional and performant.
Popular Column Based Databases
Some popular column based data stores are:
Column based data store based on BigTable and DynamoDB.
Data store for Apache Hadoop based on ideas from BigTable.
When To Use
Some popular use cases for column based data stores are:
- Keeping unstructured, non-volatile information:
If a large collection of attributes and values needs to be kept for long periods of time, column-based data stores come in extremely handy.
Column based data stores are highly scalable by nature. They can handle an awful amount of information.
Document Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
Document based data stores are excellent for keeping a lot of unrelated complex information that is highly variable in terms of structure from one another.
Popular Document Based Databases
Some popular document based data stores are:
JSON-based, Memcached-compatible document-based data store.
A ground-breaking document-based data store.
An extremely popular and highly-functional database.
When To Use
Some popular use cases for document based data stores are:
- Nested information:
Document-based data stores allow you to work with deeply nested, complex data structures.
One of the most critical functionalities of document-based data stores are the way they interface with applications: Using JS friendly JSON.
Graph Based NoSQL Database Management Systems
Graph based data stores offer a very unique functionality that is unmatched with any other DBMSs.
Popular Graph Based Databases
Some popular graph based data stores are:
A very fast graph and document based hybrid NoSQL data store written in Java that comes with different operational modes.
A schema-free, extremely popular and powerful Java graph based data store.
When To Use
Some popular use cases for graph based data stores are:
- Handling complex relational information:
As explained in the introduction, graph databases make it extremely efficient and easy to use to deal with complex but relational information, such as the connections between two entities and various degrees of other entities indirectly related to them.
- Modelling and handling classifications:
Graph databases excel in any situation where relationships are involved. Modelling data and classifying various information in a relational way can be handled very well using these type of data stores.
NoSQL DBMSs In Comparison To Relational DBMSs
In order to draw a clear picture of how NoSQL solutions differ from relational database management systems, let's create a quick comparison list:
When To Use NoSQL Databases
- Size matters:
If will be working with very large sets of data, consistently scaling is easier to achieve with many of the DBMS from NoSQL family.
NoSQL databases are usually faster - and sometimes extremely speedier - when it comes to writes. Reads can also be very fast depending on the type of NoSQL database and data being queried.
- Schema-free design:
Relational DBMSs require structure from the beginning. NoSQL solutions offer a large amount of flexibility.
- Automated (or easy) replications / scaling:
NoSQL databases are growing rapidly and they are being actively built today - vendors are trying to tackle common issues and one of them clearly is replication and scaling. Unlike RDBMSs, NoSQL solutions can easily scale and work with(in) clusters.
- Multiple choices:
When it comes to choosing a NoSQL data store, there are a variety of models, as we have discussed, that you can choose from to get the most out of the database management system - depending on your data type. | <urn:uuid:eb11ffcc-7323-4c6f-9ab1-39284609948d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/a-comparison-of-nosql-database-management-systems-and-models | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00340-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89137 | 2,450 | 2.765625 | 3 |
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Electronic Waste: Reuse, Recycle, or Dispose?
As organizations continue their efforts to go green, the pressure is mounting for managers to help reduce waste streams and maximize reuse and recycling within facilities. One area in which managers can demonstrate their commitment to environmentally friendlier facilities is in managing electronic waste.
Electronic waste includes computers, monitors, printers, photocopiers, telephones, cell phones, fluorescent lamps, and batteries. A preferred hierarchy exists for handling and managing electronic-equipment waste: first reuse, next recycle, then dispose.
Understanding the federal and state regulations and guidelines designed with this disposal hierarchy in mind will help managers decide which process is best for their organizations.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a policy in June 2002 in the Federal Register that noted, “because obsolete electronics are often capable of reuse, they are not considered wastes until a decision is made that they cannot or will not be reused.” Qualified individuals, such as resellers or recyclers, usually make this decision. This guidance allows managers to collect unwanted electronics without regard to waste rules.
Computers and other electronic equipment less than five years old generally qualify for reuse. A manager’s initial step is to determine if one department’s equipment might benefit other departments within the organization.
The second option is to donate used electronics to a refurbisher or reseller of used equipment, first making sure to understand the types of products the refurbishing firm accepts. Managers also need to remember to include accessories, such as cords, cables, modems, the mouse, keyboards, speakers, software, printers and ink cartridges.
These companies can ensure the equipment is operational and handle recycling or disposal of waste materials refurbishing might generate. An electronics-refurbishing firm also can make proper upgrades to optimize the equipment for use.
The last option for managers is to donate electronic equipment directly to a not-for-profit charity or school.
Facilities that collect and send used electronic equipment for recycling generally are not considered waste generators and, as a result, typically avoid hazardous-waste liability found under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Most regulations either classify electronics as a non-waste or a non-hazardous waste.
Electronic wastes, such as batteries, fluorescent lamps, and other mercury-containing devices, have been reclassified by state and federal agencies as universal wastes, which allows for special control to treat or recycle these materials.
When considering recycling, managers first should check to see whether the product’s manufacturer or supplier offers some type of take-back program. The EPA offers a partnering program entitled Plug-In To eCycling. This program — a partnership among EPA and electronics manufacturers, retailers, and service providers — offers opportunities to donate or recycle used electronics. For links to this and other resources, see the accompanying article.
As a final option, managers can arrange to have used or unwanted electronics taken directly to a recycling firm. Electronics recyclers use a variety of processing methods, including:
•brokering by matching buyers and sellers
•reselling whole units
•remanufacturing or refurbishing equipment
•disassembling electronics into parts and subassemblies
•material recovery by physical separation to capture plastics, metals, glass, heavy metals, etc.
•material processing, such as shredding and grinding
•donating electronics to school systems and not-for-profit organizations.
Some recyclers accept electronic equipment for free, while others will charge a fee for their services. But if a fee is involved, it usually will outweigh the costs of proper disposal.
A Closer Look: Universal Waste
In 1995, EPA enacted the universal waste rule to exempt certain widely generated waste products — such as thermostats, batteries, and fluorescent lamps — that contain hazardous materials from having to meet RCRA’s hazardous-waste requirements. EPA’s universal waste regulations streamline hazardous waste management standards for federally designated universal wastes.
EPA regulations govern the collection and management of these types of wastes, facilitating environmentally sound collection and proper recycling or treatment. EPA’s primary goal for the universal waste program is to encourage recycling of batteries, mercury-containing equipment, and lamps. But handlers can send their waste for disposal and still remain subject to the universal waste regulations.
To be covered under the universal-waste program, these items must first be identified as hazardous waste. Items that still have product value and are being used are not wastes and, therefore, would not be subject to RCRA. Wastes excluded from the RCRA definition of solid or hazardous wastes also are not subject to the universal-waste program.
Only material identified as a hazardous waste that meets the definition of battery, mercury-containing equipment, or lamp in these regulations can be managed under universal waste regulations. Here’s a closer look at these product categories:
Batteries. Batteries contain heavy metals, including nickel cadmium, alkaline, mercury, nickel-metal hydride and lead acid, which can pollute the environment if not properly discarded. The universal-waste regulations define a battery as “ a device consisting of one or more electrically connected electrochemical cells that are designed to receive, store, and deliver electrical energy.” Also included in the definition are unbroken batteries from which the electrolyte has been removed. Many batteries classified as hazardous waste are subject to the universal waste regulations.
Facilities that generate, transport, regenerate, collect, and store spent lead-acid batteries before reclamation but do not perform the actual reclamation are not subject to hazardous waste regulation. EPA established those provisions to encourage battery recycling. But batteries containing other heavy metals can be classified as universal or hazardous wastes.
Lamps. Lamps often exhibit the toxicity characteristic for mercury or lead, making them a characteristic hazardous waste when discarded. A universal waste lamp is defined as the bulb or tube portion of an electric-lighting device. Common types of universal waste electric lamps include but are not limited to fluorescent, high-intensity-discharge, neon, mercury vapor, high-pressure sodium, and metal halide.
Some manufacturers of fluorescent tubes produce low-mercury lamps not considered a hazardous waste, since they can pass the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test for mercury.
Under federal regulations, the TCLP determines if a lamp is a hazardous waste. A low-mercury bulb can contain 3.5-4 milligrams (mg) of mercury, compared to a standard fluorescent bulb that contains 8-14 mg. Technicians can identify these lamps by the green end caps or green etchings.
But the EPA encourages the recycling of all mercury-containing lamps, regardless of the mercury content. Some states require the recycling of all mercury-containing lamps or managing them as a hazardous waste, regardless of mercury content.
Managers might be able to find out more about the regulatory status of mercury-containing lamps by contacting the manufacturer. But some states require facilities to test their lamps to determine the type of hazard they present.
Under federal and state laws, the ultimate responsibility for determining whether a lamp is hazardous lies with the generator, not the manufacturer. If organizations do not test mercury-containing lamps to prove them non-hazardous, managers should assume they are hazardous waste and make decisions accordingly.
Cathode ray tubes (CRT). The glass in these video-display components of televisions and computer monitors typically contains enough lead to require managing it as hazardous waste under certain circumstances. According to the EPA, used or broken CRTs are not regulated as hazardous waste as long as they meet the following conditions:
•Containers are clearly labeled regarding contents.
•CRTs are safely transported in containers designed to minimize releases.
•CRTs are stored in a building or container designed to minimize releases.
•CRTs are stored onsite less than one year before recycling.
Jeffery C. Camplin, CSP, CPEA — [email protected] — is president of Camplin Environmental Services Inc. in Rosemont, Ill.
Resources: Electronic-Equipment Disposal
An essential step in removing electronic wastes from institutional and commercial facilities is finding a qualified recycler or reseller of such products. Among the resources managers can tap into are these:
•A list of electronic equipment recyclers from the Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/recycle/electronics-donation-and-recycling#where
•Environmental regulatory agencies by region. http://www.epa.gov/epahome/state.htm
•A list of battery recyclers and disposal companies by ZIP code.
•EPA Universal Precautions Guidance to help facilities manage lighting products containing mercury. http://www.epa.gov/bulbrecycling/recycle.htm
•Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT), an online tool designed to help institutional purchasers select and compare computer desktops, laptops and monitors based on environmental attributes.
— Jeffery C. Camplin
Smart purchasing can reduce electronic waste and promote recycling. The following steps can help managers take green considerations into account when purchasing electronic equipment:
•Lease electronic equipment.
•Consider refurbished computer equipment over new equipment.
•Look for easily upgradeable equipment.
•Buy products that use recycled materials.
•Select products with recyclable components.
•Use rechargeable batteries instead of single-use batteries.
•Use batteries with lower levels of mercury or other heavy metals.
•Specify low-mercury lighting components.
•Substitute light-emitting diode (LED) technology for mercury-containing lighting where feasible.
• Buy from manufacturers that will take back electrical-equipment waste.— Jeffery C. Camplin | <urn:uuid:64343b6e-d09c-4742-903c-0f9daa4b131f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.facilitiesnet.com/maintenanceoperations/article/Electronic-Waste-Reuse-Recycle-or-Dispose--8597 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.899343 | 2,110 | 2.640625 | 3 |
A new study by NOAA shows the Outer Banks is impacted by a phenomena known as meteotsunamis more than any other location on the East Coast.
While tsunamis are generated by earthquakes, meteotsunamis are caused by sudden air pressure drops, such as with fast moving severe thunderstorms, squall lines, nor’easters and tropical cyclones.
Most cause just a 1-foot water rise that’s barely noticeable. But stronger waves easily top 2 feet or more, which can have major impacts on land, and have led to human injuries.
“Several recent hazardous meteotsunamis resulted in damage and injuries along U.S. coastlines, such that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is investigating ways to detect and forecast meteotsunamis to provide advance warning,” the report said.
NOAA data shows 548 meteotsunamis have hit the East Coast since 1996. The tide gauge at Duck Pier has recorded 130 in the last two decades, second only to the gauge at Myrtle Beach. Hatteras has the highest annual average meteotsunamis of nearly 9 every year.
The largest meteotsunamis tend to occur in places that observed frequent events, NOAA said, with Atlantic City, Cape Hatteras, Providence, Rhode Island and Port Canaveral, Florida showing the highest wave heights on average.
This study will support ongoing NOAA research to better detect and forecast meteotsunamis to warn the public in near-real time.
NOAA scientists are also helping organize the First World Conference on Meteotsunamisoffsite link taking place in May.
This story originally appeared on OBXToday.com. Read More local stories here. | <urn:uuid:9d83ccb8-48fe-4432-8866-9a5ca5cc1efc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.beach104.com/2019/04/24/outer-banks-experiences-most-meteotsunamis-on-the-east-coast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.927751 | 362 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Mopping the floor is an entirely different challenge than laundry. Laundry is not optional, as we proved in our last post (I adopt the 3rd person narrator to try to bring a level of gravitas to this otherwise less than intellectually challenging essay.) Floors have a way of getting ignored.
Think back to the first time you lived on your own (after your freshman dorm room). A studio, a room in a big house, the 2nd floor of a 3-flat or a condo you rented from a friend's mother's cousin's aunt. Moving in was wild and weird and full of angst and anticipation. You finally got the boxes unpacked (or stacked in a corner until you dragged them to your next place where you would, once again, not unpack them). Your refrigerator had the essentials (butter, milk, eggs, veggies or frozen pizzas, beer and sodas). Your bed was made, your electronics hooked up and your car parked securely nearby. You'd done your "major shopping" for soap and toilet paper and laundry detergent. Did you buy a mop? A broom? A vacuum cleaner? A swiffer? A bucket? Mr. Clean? Murphy's Oil Soap for Floors? Probably not.
Well, maybe a vacuum cleaner (or a carpet sweeper, if you're as old as I am). Vacuuming is a chore you were likely to be assigned while you were growing up. And if the apartment had a carpet, you'd have visions of chips ground into it and annoying your barefeet so you might have thought about sucking them up with a monster machine.
But hardwood or linoleum or tile or slate..... that requires a broom and a receptacle and then something wet. If you tried to use a plate or a paper towel to collect the broom's treasures you'd probably never try to clean your floors again. If you had remembered to buy a dustpan you might think that your work there was done. After all, the major hunks were gone. What's a little stickiness among friends, anyhow?
Am I right? The thought of imitating Cinderella on your knees just never crossed your mind, did it?
And how old were you when you mopped your first floor without being asked to do so?
That's when you can say you were a grown-up. | <urn:uuid:29fa2b4d-5915-4e63-afd4-c7c94e197f57> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://ashleighburroughs.blogspot.com/2009/06/mopping-floor.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720238.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00189-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975805 | 485 | 1.75 | 2 |
A copy of this work was available on the public web and has been preserved in the Wayback Machine. The capture dates from 2021; you can also visit the original URL.
The file type is
Physical inactivity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) signify two pandemics with negative physical, mental, and economic consequences. Younger and older people have not reached the recommended physical activity level for years. Societal restrictions due to COVID-19 additionally reduce opportunities for physical activity, and they increase social isolation. Here, we outline how playing exergames with others (social exergaming) at home could foster physical and mental health and promotedoi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644036 pmid:33897546 pmcid:PMC8062880 fatcat:icevw2wy2vapfbaas2r3lj2o2u | <urn:uuid:58929bba-2dc4-4f1c-9e35-e0135667619c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scholar.archive.org/work/s3p52s7vvnf4djtqm5rccug6je | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.893091 | 196 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The American Dream is that anyone can be successful and prosper, but far too many Americans fall below the poverty line. What if you are struggling to put food on the table? To keep your house? To pay your phone bill? Most budgeting tips are designed for those with enough money to make ends meet, so we are going to focus on how to manage money when you don’t have enough!
When you are broke, it’s easy to feel hopeless. As soon as you get paid, it’s all right back out for food, bills, gas, and the basics. If you are really struggling, you may not even have enough to cover everything. Becoming financially stable isn’t a fun process. Anyone that tells you they have the perfect way for you to get out of debt without sacrificing is full of it! They’ve either never struggled or are trying to sell you some get-rich-quick scheme. Remember, the American Dream is that if you work hard you can get ahead & that is still possible! It requires working hard, prioritizing, and make sacrifices now so that later you can have a life you can really enjoy – without being one bad month away from losing everything.
I’ve been there! Our first few years together, my husband & I both worked minimum wage or barely over jobs. We made it work and saved some money. Then I got pregnant with our first & spent half my pregnancy on bed rest. We quickly ate through our small savings account. For over a year, it felt like I was juggling every penny that came in, trying to keep the rent paid, utilities on, and food in the house. Use the tips below on how to manage money to save you from making some of the mistakes I did!
How you got into this situation isn’t important. Don’t blame yourself or worry about what you could have done differently. Did you lose a job? Just graduate college with a mountain of student loans? Ended up upside down on your home loan and are struggling to make your mortgage payments? Get into a car accident, fall off a ladder, or suffer from a chronic illness? Or were you trying to live above your means? No matter what got you here, just know that what you do from here on out is what counts. When we know better, we do better!
How to Manage Money When You’re Broke
Put first things first: Food comes first. You have to stay healthy in order to work (or find a job) to get out of your money crisis. After food, make sure you stay current on your home loan or rent and basic utilities. You need gas in the car to get to work and liability insurance for it, unless you live in an area with affordable public transportation. If you can, try to carpool whenever possible.
Cut Expenses: If you don’t have at least $1,000 in the bank for emergencies, get rid of any extras. Cable tv, Netflix, Gamely, or any other monthly subscription needs to go. It’s just for now and you will be able to have those fun things later without the additional stress. Sometimes, it’s easy to overlook small payments so go through your last 30-60 days of bank transactions and cancel anything that isn’t necessary. If you have a home phone and cell phones, consider getting rid of one. Look into a smaller data package or switching to a cheaper provider. Many are offering to pay your early termination fee when you switch now. Republic Wireless is a popular cell phone provider with plans start as low as $10/month and you get refunded for unused data! We haven’t tried it, but I’ve heard great things from others that have made the switch.
Meal Plan: Plan out what you are going to eat every week. Make sure to include snacks so you aren’t tempted to splurge while at the store. Pinterest is a great source for budget-friendly meals. If you have a larger family, I put together 7 dinners for less than $100!
Sell Stuff: Look around your house. Do you have an extra furniture you don’t know? Any small kitchen appliances? Artwork? What about an extra car? If you have an auto loan, could you sell your car and use public transportation or buy a less expensive car?
Validate Your Debt: Once we were caught up with the basics and were able to really start paying off our debt, I ran our credit reports. On mine, I found more medical than I expected with the same amount. After contacting the hospital, I realized all three companies were trying to collect on the same bill! Not all debt collection agencies are ethical. The hospital owned the debt still, but one of the collection companies “sold it”! After researching, I learned about Debt Validation & sent all three debt collectors a debt validation letter. None were able to prove they owned it and had to remove it from my credit report. I still owed the hospital, but they let me set up a payment arrangement which didn’t hurt my credit as bad since it showed I was paying as agreed.
Prioritize Your Debt: Do you have student loans, medical bills, or credit cards? Get your free credit report from annualcreditreport.com (this is 100% free once a year) and make a list of all debt. What is most important to pay right now?
Ask about a Settlement Offer: This works very well for older debt. If you have an old credit card that was closed, contact them & ask if they would be willing to settle it as “paid in full” for 50 or 75% of what you owe. My husband once received a settlement offer for 40% on his old credit card. I had gotten so overwhelmed that I was just putting all of the bills in a little tote to go through later. When I finally went through everything, the settlement offer was expired & I ended up getting them to settle for 65%. No matter how far in debt you are or how little money you have, OPEN everything. File everything in a filing cabinet or expanding file, making sure to put settlement offers in a separate file. When you have any money not already spoken for, go through the file and see what you can pay off. If it has already expired, call them & see what they are willing to offer if you pay today.
Avoid Debt Consolidation Loans: You have probably seen the commercials and ads: “Can’t Pay Off Debt? Lower Payments, Interest & Fees”. Most of these programs turn unsecured debt like your credit card or medical bills into secured debt, using your house or car as collateral. If you aren’t able to pay it, you have just put your home or way to work in jeopardy! Debt counseling also sounds good, but most companies cause an enrollment fee plus part of your monthly payment goes to them instead of your debt!
Get a Second Job: Consider getting a part-time job to help you through this rough time. Whether it’s flipping burgers, delivering pizzas, or whatever you can find. Remember, this is just for NOW. You won’t need to work this hard forever, I promise! If you are a SAHM and daycare costs more than you can make, consider doing in-home daycare for a few children, even on a part-time basis.
Set up a payment arrangement: Many companies offer payment arrangements. Some utility companies will do budget billing, where you owe a set amount every month based off previous usage, and they will split your past due balance up over the course of a year.
Ask for help: There is no shame in admitting you need a hand up! Look into low-income programs such as WIC (if you are pregnant or have a little one), LIHEAP (assistance for heat during the winter months), or other local programs that may help with your rent & utilities while you get back on your feet.
Set up an emergency fund: Murphy’s Law always seems to kick in once you start making progress. The car decides to act up, someone falls & needs a trip to urgent care for stitches, or the furnace goes out. Before you start paying off your debt, SAVE for those emergencies that would push you back. As soon as you are current on your necessities, start putting every extra penny in a savings account. Once you hit $1,000 you are ready to move to the next step – paying off debt. Whatever you do, do NOT touch that savings account unless there is an emergency and no, wanting that new pair of heels on sale doesn’t count as an emergency!
What is your biggest financial struggle – controlling a shopping habit, not enough income, burdened by debt, or something else? Leave a comment below!
More Frugal Living Tips:
- Easy Ways to Build Up an Emergency Fund
- How To Save Money Without Couponing
- 20 Ways to Earn Free Amazon Gift Cards
- 50+ Foods You Need to Stop Buying Now
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Subscribe to get our latest content by email. | <urn:uuid:08a39f6e-ce1a-44aa-bbd6-21dbed909248> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://midwestmodernmomma.com/manage-money-youre-broke/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00510-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96651 | 1,905 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Step 3: Lattice Strips
Our lattice strips were made of a cherry printed material. The number of lattice strips will depend on how many quilt block you end up making. Our quilt was 3 squares wide and 4 squares long... and it turned out a little small. (It would be perfect for a child's bed.)
Cut strips to 3" x 12.5". You will need enough to connect the squares together lengthwise (Block A to Block B), plus a strip on the outside edge of each row. In our case, we cut 16 of these pieces. Sew all of the Rows together... (using 1/4" seams)
Then you need to cut lattice strips that will go the entire length of the rows. We have 4 rows, so we cut 5 of these lattice strips... 3" x the width of you quilt... ours was 46" long.
You may want to frame your quilt with wider lattice pieces on the outside eges, or even do a second border around the quilt blocks to add a little more depth. to the quilt. | <urn:uuid:81f12942-1fb9-4b39-9544-aa5cb546636d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.instructables.com/id/Embroidered-and-Pieced-Quilt/step3/Lattice-Strips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00152-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949878 | 231 | 2.03125 | 2 |
By John Helmer, Moscow
Chrystia Freeland (lead image), appointed last week to be the new Canadian Foreign Minister, claims that her maternal family were the Ukrainian victims of Russian persecution, who fled their home in 1939, after Adolf Hitler and Josef Stalin agreed on a non-aggression pact and the division of Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union. She claims her mother was born in a camp for refugees before finding safe haven in Alberta, Canada. Freeland is lying.
The records now being opened by the Polish government in Warsaw reveal that Freeland’s maternal grandfather Michael (Mikhailo) Chomiak was a Nazi collaborator from the beginning to the end of the war. He was given a powerful post, money, home and car by the German Army in Cracow, then the capital of the German administration of the Galician region. His principal job was editor in chief and publisher of a newspaper the Nazis created. His printing plant and other assets had been stolen from a Jewish newspaper publisher, who was then sent to die in the Belzec concentration camp. During the German Army’s winning phase of the war, Chomiak celebrated in print the Wehrmacht’s “success” at killing thousands of US Army troops. As the German Army was forced into retreat by the Soviet counter-offensive, Chomiak was taken by the Germans to Vienna, where he continued to publish his Nazi propaganda, at the same time informing for the Germans on other Ukrainians. They included fellow Galician Stepan Bandera, whose racism against Russians Freeland has celebrated in print, and whom the current regime in Kiev has turned into a national hero.
Just before Vienna fell to the Soviet forces in March 1945, Chomiak evacuated with the German Army into Germany, ending up near Munich at Bad Worishofen. On September 2, 1946, when Freeland says her mother was born in a refugee camp, she was actually in a well-known spa resort for wealthy Bavarians. The US Army then controlled that part of Germany; they operated an Army hospital at Bad Worishofen and accommodated Chomiak at a spa hotel. US Army records have yet to reveal what the Americans learned about Chomiak’s war record, and how he was employed by US Army Intelligence, after he had switched from the Wehrmacht. It took Chomiak another two years before the government in Ottawa allowed the family to enter Canada.
The reason the Polish Government is now investigating Freeland is that Chomiak’s wartime record not only victimized Galician Jews, but also the Polish citizens of Cracow. In a salute to Freeland as a “great friend of Poland” by the Polish Embassy in Ottawa last week, Warsaw officials now believe a mistake was made.
Last July, Freeland, then trade minister, was in a large delegation of Canadians accompanying Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on a visit to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in southern Poland. Freeland is not included in the press photographs; Trudeau wept. A statement issued by one of the Canadian Jewish organizations in the delegation said: “Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s visit to Auschwitz-Birkenau signifies the importance of remembering the six million Jews and countless others who died at hands of the Nazi regime. The Holocaust will forever stand as the ultimate expression of human hatred. That is why every Canadian should use this as an opportunity to reflect upon their personal role in combating the forces of antisemitism, racism and bigotry wherever they are found.”
Trudeau (above) and his staff, as well as Foreign Minister at the time Stephane Dion, and the Jewish representatives appear not to have known this was familiar territory for Freeland and her family. Michael Chomiak and his wife Alexandra, parents to Freeland’s mother Halyna, spent the war from 1939 to 1945 working and living just 68 kilometres away in Cracow.
According to the autobiographical details Freeland has provided herself to the Canadian media, Freeland’s family were victims of war. “My maternal grandparents,” she wrote in May 2015, “fled western Ukraine after Hitler and Stalin signed their non-aggression pact in 1939… they saw themselves as political exiles with a responsibility to keep alive the idea of an independent Ukraine.” In November 2015 Freeland told the Toronto Star: “Michael Chomiak was a lawyer and journalist before the Second World War, but they knew the Soviets would invade western Ukraine (and) fled … and, like a lot of Ukrainians, ended up after the war in a displaced persons camp in Germany where my mother was born.”
Centre: Michael Chomiak and wife Alexandra, with their children in Canada in 1952. Freeland’s mother Halyna is second from left. Source: https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2015/11/29/how-chrystia-freeland-became-justin-trudeaus-first-star.html
According to Freeland, “they were also committed to the idea, like most in the (Ukrainian) diaspora, that Ukraine would one day be independent and that the community had a responsibility to the country they had been forced to flee … to keep that flame alive.”
The Edmonton, Alberta, newspaper obituary for Halyna Chomiak Freeland says she had been “born on September 2, 1946 in Bad Worishofen, Germany in a displaced person’s camp.” The Alberta provincial government library reports it holds Michael Chomiak’s papers. He is described as having “graduated from Lviv University with master’s degree in law and political science. In 1928, as a journalist, he started work in the Ukrainian daily Dilo, and from 1934 to 1939 he served on the editorial staff. During the Nazi occupation, he was the editor of Krakivski Visti, published first in Cracow and then in Vienna.”
There is much more to the story which Freeland has not revealed. The details can be found in Polish and Ukrainian sources; from the archived files of Krakivski Visti (“Cracow News”); and from the evidence of Jewish Holocaust museums around the world. Chomiak was editor in chief of the newspaper after a Jewish editor was removed. The newspaper itself was set up in January 1940, publishing three times weekly in Cracow, until October 8, 1944. It was then published in Vienna from October 16, 1944, until March 29, 1945. The precision of the dates is important. They coincide with the movement of the German Army into Cracow, and then out of the city and into Vienna. The newspaper itself was established by the German Army; and supervised by German intelligence. Chomiak was employed by an officer named Emil Gassner (above). His title in German indicates he was the German administrator in charge of press in the region. When Gassner moved from Cracow to Vienna, he took Chomiak with him.
Chomiak’s publication was an official one of the German administration in Galicia, known at the time as the General Gouvernement. The printing press, offices and other assets which provided Chomiak with his work, salary, and benefits had been confiscated by the Germans from a Jewish publisher, Moshe Kafner . Kafner was a native of the region; he and his family were well educated and well known until the Germans arrived, and replaced Kanfer with Chomiak. Kanfer was forced to flee Cracow for Lviv. From there he was taken by the Germans to the Belzec concentration, where he was murdered some time in 1942. From Chomiak’s office to Belzec the distance was 300 kilometres.
Krakivsti Visti was “the most important newspaper to appear in the Ukrainian language under the German occupation during World War II,” according to this history from the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, published in 1998. Chomiak — reports the Harvard history by John-Paul Hinka from a contemporary source — “had the ability to sense what could be written and how in the severe German reality, and he gained some trust among the German officials, without which the work would have been impossible.”
In print, according to this archive of Krakivsti Visti, when Chomiak was in charge, there were reports of the “success” of the German Navy in killing 13,000 US Army soldiers, when their transports were torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic enroute to England. Chomiak editorialized: “this last German attack [was] a smashing blow to the solar plexus of the alliance.”
Chomiak also reported the US “colonization” of Australia and Canada . “Americans who are now living in Australia believe that the economic possibilities of Australia are even much better than those of the USA, and many US soldiers are thinking about staying in Australia after the war… as they feel much better there than in their own Fatherland… There are such close relations between the USA and Canada and Australia that there will be a special trade and tax [agreement] between these countries after the war. In other words, the United States does not hide the intention of the US to begin full economic penetration of Canada and Australia.”
By the standard of Trudeau at Auschwitz, Freeland’s grandfather also produced race hatred to Nazi order, including antisemitism and racism against several other nationalities, including Americans, Poles and Russians.
Chomiak not only justified the death camps surrounding Cracow. He attempted to foster Ukrainian sentiment against the Poles in the region. The German objective was to support the Ukrainian takeover of Galicia and cleanse it of its Jewish and Polish populations. For this reason Chomiak and his newspaper were given special favour by the German administration; Chomiak himself was reportedly held in high esteem by the Nazis. In the Harvard history it is reported “there can be no doubt that Krakivs’ki visti enjoyed more autonomy than any other legal Ukrainian-language publication under the German occupation.”
Himka, a Ukrainian-Canadian academic, composed his history of Krakivtsi Visti from Chomiak’s personal papers in Alberta. He mentions the newspaper’s backing for ethnic cleansing of Poles. He omits to mention Jews. Chomiak’s antisemitic record can be found in the files of the Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust. For details, read this .
Chomiak didn’t flee from the Ukraine in 1939, as Freeland claims. Five years were to elapse before he left Cracow; that was when the German Army pulled out in defeat, as the Soviet Army advanced from the east to liberate the city. Gassner was moving the media operation to his home town, Vienna.
Chomiak closed down Krakivsti Visti in Vienna in March of 1945 for the same reason. The Soviet Army was days away, and a new Austrian government replaced the Third Reich in April of that year. With the retreating Wehrmacht Chomiak then moved westwards into Germany. But a full year is missing from the official records available publicly. That’s between March of 1945 and April of 1946, when the displaced persons camp was opened in the Bavarian town of Bad Worishofen, where Freeland says her mother was born.
As the name indicates, Bad Worishofen was (still is) a thermal waters resort for wealthy Bavarians and day-trippers from Munich. Freeland claims her mother was born as a victim in a refugee camp. In fact, she was born in a hospital administered by the US Army, while her parents were living in a spa hotel managed by a US Army intelligence unit.
A US Army parade in Bad Worishofen after the US took the town on April 27, 1945; http://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/mindelheim/Der-Tag-an-dem-der-Frieden-kam-id33776287.html
During the war there had been a Luftwaffe training aerodrome at Bad Worishofen. But it was so insignificant operationally, it wasn’t bombed by the allies . More or less intact, along with the spa hotels, the town welcomed new paying guests from the US Army when they arrived in April of 1945.
According to US records, a US Army Intelligence “training unit” was established, as well as a US Army hospital. The trainees weren’t Americans; they were East Europeans, including Lithuanians, Ukrainians, Poles and others who had been fighting on the German side.
On June 28, 1945, the 2nd Hospitalization Unit of the 30th Field Hospital left a forward position at Ebsenee, Austria, where it had been caring for the survivors of the Ebensee-Matthausen concentration camp.
The war in Europe now over, the hospitalization unit regrouped in the rear at Bad Wörishofen, where its role was to support the 80th Infantry Division. The unit history says : “As usual, living quarters proved excellent (buildings), with many conveniences added to make living conditions very comfortable.” Among the people the American Army doctors now cared for were Mr and Mrs Chomiak.
The camp for displaced persons or refugees at Bad Worishofen was not formally established for another year, until April 1946. Ukrainians who were there at the time say the camp housed mostly Lithuanians, and also 490 Ukrainians. The term camp is a misnomer. The records show that many of the Ukrainians were living in spa hotels when they were subject to the administration of the camp. Although the subsequent records of the Ukrainians are voluble on what happened there between 1946 and 1948, including testimony from Ukrainians who moved on to the US and Australia, there is no reference to the Chomiak family at all.
“All the camps in Bad Worishofen were liquidated in May 1948 due to consolidation of the various camps by IRO (International Relief Organization),” remembers this Ukrainian.
It is not (yet) known when Chomiak presented himself to US Army Intelligence, offering the same services he had been performing for Gassner and the Wehrmacht. Journalism, however, wasn’t what the US occupation authorities wanted from him. In return, Chomiak received accommodation; living expenses; and the hospitalization which produced Freeland’s mother in September of 1946.
Two years were to elapse before Chomiak left Bad Worishofen for Canada, arriving there in October 1948. He already had a sister in Canada, but no job of a professional kind to which his university education and experience qualified him. In Alberta Chomiak worked as a manual labourer. Why the Americans didn’t offer him intelligence and propaganda employment in the US may be revealed in the Chomiak files in Washington. The Canadian government file on his admission in 1948 is likely to include some of the details Chomiak revealed about his work with the Americans. Unless he kept that secret.
Last week the Polish Embassy in Ottawa issued this tweet in celebration of Freeland’s promotion:
This week Polish political analyst and journalist Stanislas Balcerac has opened the dossier on Freeland and Chomiak. The Polish Foreign Minister, Witold Waszczykowski, has been asked to investigate, and to decide if, according to Balcerac, “the circumstances and family loyalties of Mrs Freeland may affect the support that Canada provides the pro-Bandera Government of Ukraine, so they can have a direct impact on Polish interests.”
Regarding Bandera (right), the record of Chomiak’s involvement with him when they were under German, then US supervision, Freeland did not reveal in the Financial Times when she reported Bandera as one of the Ukraine’s all-time heroes. “Yaroslav the Wise, the 11th-century prince of Kievan Rus, was named the winner in a last-minute surge, edging out western Ukrainian partisan leader Stepan Bandera, who led a guerrilla war against the Nazis and the Soviets and was poisoned on orders from Moscow in 1959….The Soviet portrayal of Bandera as a traitor still lingers. That would be a mistake.”
Freeland was asked directly to clarify her own claims about Grandfather Chomiak’s war record. Her press spokesman, Chantal Gagnon, asked for more time, but then the two of them refused to answer.
“The sins of the grandfather can hardly be attributed to the granddaughter,” says Polish investigator Balcerac, “—except for two, race hatred and lying. Chomiak made a lucrative war selling hatred of Jews, Poles and Russians. Freeland is doing the same preaching race hatred of Russians. To mask what she’s doing, she has lied about the Nazi record of her family. The Chomiaks weren’t victims; they were aggressors.”
A Washington source adds: “Chomiak was recruited by US intelligence to wage war in the Ukraine against the Russians. Let’s see what the US Army and intelligence files reveal about his role, and let’s compare that to the one Freeland is now playing in Canada.” | <urn:uuid:ae47e126-19ec-46de-8a04-3b4e640d75de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://johnhelmer.org/victim-or-aggressor-chrystia-freelands-family-record-for-nazi-war-profiteering-and-murder-of-the-cracow-jews/print/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.975563 | 3,750 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Natural Region 18
White spruce, black spruce, balsam fir ... white spruce, black spruce, balsam fir ... this pattern repeats itself endlessly across the region. The forest is outstanding in its uniformity . Tamarack and jack pine, along with fast-growing deciduous species such as poplar and birch, are other important members of the forest cast. Along the southern edge of the region, white pine and red pine, sugar maple, black ash, eastern white cedar and other species from the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest intermix in sheltered areas and depressions in which soil has accumulated. Along the northern border, the harsh climate results in an open coniferous forest with a thick mat of lichens growing between the trees. Numberless bogs and fens support black spruce, Labrador tea, blueberries and their kin, bog rosemary, cloudberry and other acid-loving species.
For many, the beaver is the symbol of this area. It was the desirability of its pelt that shaped the history of this region.
For others, the loon is the symbol of the boreal forest.
Other typical wildlife include the moose, wolf, snowshoe hare, spruce grouse, ruffed grouse, lynx, black bear and caribou (old-growth forests providing their critical winter range). In summer, the spruce woods ring with the calls of warblers and other migratory birds.
STATUS OF NATIONAL PARKS:
This region is represented by Pukaskwa National Park (1,878 km 2 ), a rugged wilderness of rock-rimmed lakes, tumbling rivers and dense forests, bounded by the rocky headlands and sheltered cobble and sand beaches of Lake Superior. A small herd of woodland caribou, a rare species in Canada, shares the park hinterland with moose, wolf, black bear and a host of smaller creatures. Hike the challenging Coastal Trail or paddle the shore of Lake Superior to experience Pukaskwa's wild beauty.
Pukaskwa was established in 1978 pursuant to a federal-provincial agreement with the Government of Ontario. It is not yet proclaimed under that National Parks Act because outstanding claims by local First Nations are still being negotiated.
Natural Region 18
National Parks System Plan, 3 rd Edition | <urn:uuid:738af295-84d1-4abf-a226-f51c98f2d906> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pc.gc.ca/docs/v-g/nation/sec3/nation52.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00172-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904652 | 489 | 3.390625 | 3 |
Please keep A&E free for those who really need it
The emergency department at Salford Royal is currently experiencing an increased demand for its services.
Patients are advised to only attend A&E for serious or life threatening conditions so the department can be kept free for those who really need it.
There are a number of services available to help treat minor conditions such as vomiting, tickly coughs, sore throats and ear aches. Qualified people such as pharmacists, GPs, dentists and sexual health advisors are able to provide professional medical advice and treatment.
To find a doctor or dentist visit a surgery of your choice and ask to be registered, or visit the NHS Choices
website or call NHS 111 for more information, help and support. | <urn:uuid:ba0ed366-2419-4063-806a-5a67992e6813> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.srft.nhs.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00559-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967178 | 158 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Debian Security Advisory
DLA-1866-1 glib2.0 -- LTS security update
- Date Reported:
- 31 Jul 2019
- Affected Packages:
- Security database references:
- In the Debian bugtracking system: Bug 931234.
In Mitre's CVE dictionary: CVE-2018-16428, CVE-2018-16429, CVE-2019-13012.
- More information:
Various minor issues have been addressed in the GLib library. GLib is a useful general-purpose C library used by projects such as GTK+, GIMP, and GNOME.
In GNOME GLib, g_markup_parse_context_end_parse() in gmarkup.c had a NULL pointer dereference.
GNOME GLib had an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in g_markup_parse_context_parse() in gmarkup.c, related to utf8_str().
The keyfile settings backend in GNOME GLib (aka glib2.0) before created directories using g_file_make_directory_with_parents (kfsb->dir, NULL, NULL) and files using g_file_replace_contents (kfsb->file, contents, length, NULL, FALSE, G_FILE_CREATE_REPLACE_DESTINATION, NULL, NULL, NULL). Consequently, it did not properly restrict directory (and file) permissions. Instead, for directories, 0777 permissions were used; for files, default file permissions were used. This issue is similar to CVE-2019-12450.
For Debian 8
Jessie, these problems have been fixed in version 2.42.1-1+deb8u2.
We recommend that you upgrade your glib2.0 packages.
Further information about Debian LTS security advisories, how to apply these updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be found at: https://wiki.debian.org/LTS | <urn:uuid:9835520a-52f0-49fc-ab06-d95384411328> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.debian.org/lts/security/2019/dla-1866 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.769863 | 472 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Microprocessor controls all the important functions of the computer, while Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) manipulates the visual content and reduces the load from the microprocessors. Crucial functionalities of both GPU and microprocessors make them highly useful in the semiconductor industry. The global microprocessor and GPU market is strongly driven by the rising demand from different parts of the...
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