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L_0785 | chemical reactions and energy | T_4061 | FIGURE 8.14 These graphs compare the energy changes in endothermic and exothermic reactions. What happens to the energy that is absorbed in an endothermic reaction? | image | textbook_images/chemical_reactions_and_energy_22619.png |
L_0785 | chemical reactions and energy | T_4062 | FIGURE 8.15 Even exothermic reactions need activation energy to get started. | image | textbook_images/chemical_reactions_and_energy_22620.png |
L_0785 | chemical reactions and energy | T_4064 | FIGURE 8.16 The chemical reactions that spoil food occur faster at higher temperatures. | image | textbook_images/chemical_reactions_and_energy_22621.png |
L_0785 | chemical reactions and energy | T_4065 | FIGURE 8.17 Its dangerous to smoke or use open flames when oxygen is in use. Can you explain why? | image | textbook_images/chemical_reactions_and_energy_22622.png |
L_0785 | chemical reactions and energy | T_4066 | FIGURE 8.18 The nails have more surface area ex- posed to the air than the head of the hammer. How does this affect the rate at which they rust? | image | textbook_images/chemical_reactions_and_energy_22623.png |
L_0786 | properties of carbon | T_4068 | FIGURE 9.1 The dots in this diagram represent the four valence electrons of carbon. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_carbon_22624.png |
L_0786 | properties of carbon | T_4069 | FIGURE 9.2 Methane is one of the simplest carbon compounds. At room temperature, it exists as a gas. It is a component of natural gas. These diagrams show two ways of representing the covalent bonds in methane. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_carbon_22625.png |
L_0786 | properties of carbon | T_4070 | FIGURE 9.3 Carbon atoms can form single, double, or triple bonds with each other. How many bonds do the carbon atoms share in each compound shown here? | image | textbook_images/properties_of_carbon_22626.png |
L_0786 | properties of carbon | T_4071 | FIGURE 9.4 A string of beads serves as a simple model of a polymer. Like monomers mak- ing up a polymer, the beads in a string may be all the same or different from one another. MEDIA Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/5089 | image | textbook_images/properties_of_carbon_22627.png |
L_0786 | properties of carbon | T_4071 | FIGURE 9.5 Many common products are made of the plastic known as polyethylene. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_carbon_22628.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4074 | FIGURE 9.6 Each of these pictures shows a use of hydrocarbons. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22629.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4075 | FIGURE 9.7 Ethane is a saturated hydrocarbon. What is its chemical formula? | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22630.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4076 | FIGURE 9.8 Alkanes may have any of these three shapes. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22631.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4077 | FIGURE 9.9 Butane and isobutane have the same atoms but different shapes. Isomers usually have somewhat different properties. For example, straight-chain molecules generally have higher boiling and melting points than their branched-chain isomers. The boiling and melting points of iso-butane are -12C and -160C, respectively. Compare these values with the boiling and melting points of butane in Table 9.2. Do these two compounds follow the general trend? | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22632.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4080 | FIGURE 9.10 Ethene is the smallest alkene. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22633.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4081 | FIGURE 9.11 These two bunches of bananas were stored in different ways. The bananas on the right were stored in the open air. The bananas on the left were stored in a special bag that absorbs the ethene they release. The bananas in the bag have not yet turned brown because they were not exposed to ethene. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22634.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4081 | FIGURE 9.12 Ethyne is the smallest alkyne. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22635.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4081 | FIGURE 9.13 This acetylene torch is being used to cut metal. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22636.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4082 | FIGURE 9.14 Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon. Does each carbon atom in benzene have a total of four bonds? Count them to find out. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22637.png |
L_0787 | hydrocarbons | T_4083 | FIGURE 9.15 These photos show just a few of the many uses of hydrocarbons. | image | textbook_images/hydrocarbons_22638.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4087 | FIGURE 9.16 Glucose and fructose are isomers. Su- crose contains a molecule of each. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22639.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4087 | FIGURE 9.17 These foods are all good sources of starch. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22640.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4088 | FIGURE 9.18 Cellulose molecules form large cellulose fibers. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22641.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4090 | FIGURE 9.19 Glycine is one of 20 common amino acids that make up the proteins of living things. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22642.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4091 | FIGURE 9.20 The blood protein hemoglobin binds with oxygen and carries it from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Heme is a small molecule containing iron that is part of the larger hemoglobin molecule. Oxy- gen binds to the iron in heme. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22643.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4093 | FIGURE 9.21 Both of these fatty acid molecules have six carbon atoms and two oxygen atoms. How many hydrogen atoms does each fatty acid have? | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22644.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4095 | FIGURE 9.22 The arrangement of phospholipid molecules in a cell membrane allows the membrane to control what enters and leaves the cell. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22645.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4096 | FIGURE 9.23 Each nucleotide contains these three components. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22646.png |
L_0788 | carbon and living things | T_4096 | FIGURE 9.24 DNA has the shape of a double helix because of hydrogen bonds between ni- trogen bases. | image | textbook_images/carbon_and_living_things_22647.png |
L_0789 | biochemical reactions | T_4098 | FIGURE 9.25 Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are closely related. What are the products and reactants of each process? | image | textbook_images/biochemical_reactions_22648.png |
L_0789 | biochemical reactions | T_4098 | FIGURE 9.26 These organisms use sunlight to make glucose in the process of photosynthesis. All of them contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which is needed to capture light energy. | image | textbook_images/biochemical_reactions_22649.png |
L_0790 | acceleration | T_4102 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/acceleration_22651.png |
L_0791 | acceleration due to gravity | T_4105 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/acceleration_due_to_gravity_22652.png |
L_0793 | acid base neutralization | T_4109 | FIGURE 1.1 These antacid tablets contain the base calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ). The base reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. The reaction neutralizes the acid to relieve acid indigestion. | image | textbook_images/acid_base_neutralization_22654.png |
L_0794 | activation energy | T_4111 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/activation_energy_22655.png |
L_0797 | alloys | T_4120 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/alloys_22661.png |
L_0798 | alpha decay | T_4123 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/alpha_decay_22662.png |
L_0800 | archimedes law | T_4130 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/archimedes_law_22664.png |
L_0801 | artificial light | T_4133 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/artificial_light_22665.png |
L_0801 | artificial light | T_4133 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/artificial_light_22666.png |
L_0801 | artificial light | T_4134 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/artificial_light_22667.png |
L_0801 | artificial light | T_4135 | FIGURE 1.4 | image | textbook_images/artificial_light_22668.png |
L_0802 | atomic forces | T_4137 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/atomic_forces_22670.png |
L_0802 | atomic forces | T_4138 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/atomic_forces_22671.png |
L_0802 | atomic forces | T_4139 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/atomic_forces_22672.png |
L_0803 | atomic nucleus | T_4141 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/atomic_nucleus_22673.png |
L_0804 | atomic number | T_4143 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/atomic_number_22674.png |
L_0804 | atomic number | T_4144 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/atomic_number_22675.png |
L_0808 | beta decay | T_4159 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/beta_decay_22678.png |
L_0809 | biochemical compound classification | T_4162 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/biochemical_compound_classification_22679.png |
L_0810 | biochemical reaction chemistry | T_4169 | FIGURE 1.1 Q: What are the reactants and products in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? | image | textbook_images/biochemical_reaction_chemistry_22680.png |
L_0811 | bohrs atomic model | T_4170 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/bohrs_atomic_model_22681.png |
L_0811 | bohrs atomic model | T_4172 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/bohrs_atomic_model_22682.png |
L_0813 | bond polarity | T_4176 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/bond_polarity_22683.png |
L_0813 | bond polarity | T_4176 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/bond_polarity_22684.png |
L_0813 | bond polarity | T_4177 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/bond_polarity_22685.png |
L_0815 | buoyancy | T_4183 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/buoyancy_22689.png |
L_0815 | buoyancy | T_4183 | FIGURE 1.2 Because of buoyant force, objects seem lighter in water. You may have noticed this when you went swimming and could easily pick up a friend or sibling under the water. Some of the persons weight was countered by the buoyant force of the water. | image | textbook_images/buoyancy_22690.png |
L_0815 | buoyancy | T_4184 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/buoyancy_22691.png |
L_0816 | calculating acceleration from force and mass | T_4187 | FIGURE 1.1 A: It would take only 32 N of force (40 kg 0.8 m/s2 ). | image | textbook_images/calculating_acceleration_from_force_and_mass_22692.png |
L_0817 | calculating acceleration from velocity and time | T_4189 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/calculating_acceleration_from_velocity_and_time_22694.png |
L_0819 | calculating work | T_4197 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/calculating_work_22695.png |
L_0820 | carbohydrate classification | T_4199 | FIGURE 1.1 Note: Each unlettered point where lines intersect represents a carbon atom. | image | textbook_images/carbohydrate_classification_22696.png |
L_0820 | carbohydrate classification | T_4201 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/carbohydrate_classification_22697.png |
L_0820 | carbohydrate classification | T_4201 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/carbohydrate_classification_22698.png |
L_0821 | carbon bonding | T_4203 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/carbon_bonding_22699.png |
L_0821 | carbon bonding | T_4204 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/carbon_bonding_22700.png |
L_0821 | carbon bonding | T_4205 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/carbon_bonding_22701.png |
L_0822 | carbon monomers and polymers | T_4207 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/carbon_monomers_and_polymers_22702.png |
L_0822 | carbon monomers and polymers | T_4207 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/carbon_monomers_and_polymers_22703.png |
L_0822 | carbon monomers and polymers | T_4208 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/carbon_monomers_and_polymers_22704.png |
L_0822 | carbon monomers and polymers | T_4208 | FIGURE 1.4 | image | textbook_images/carbon_monomers_and_polymers_22705.png |
L_0823 | catalysts | T_4210 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/catalysts_22706.png |
L_0823 | catalysts | T_4211 | FIGURE 1.2 Q: If you chew a starchy food such as a soda cracker for a couple of minutes, you may notice that it starts to taste slightly sweet. Why does this happen? | image | textbook_images/catalysts_22707.png |
L_0824 | cellular respiration reactions | T_4212 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/cellular_respiration_reactions_22708.png |
L_0828 | chemical bond | T_4221 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_bond_22714.png |
L_0830 | chemical equations | T_4227 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_equations_22717.png |
L_0833 | chemical reaction overview | T_4235 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_reaction_overview_22719.png |
L_0833 | chemical reaction overview | T_4236 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/chemical_reaction_overview_22720.png |
L_0834 | chemical reaction rate | T_4240 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_reaction_rate_22721.png |
L_0834 | chemical reaction rate | T_4241 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/chemical_reaction_rate_22722.png |
L_0834 | chemical reaction rate | T_4242 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/chemical_reaction_rate_22723.png |
L_0835 | chemistry of compounds | T_4244 | FIGURE 1.1 All water molecules have two hydrogen atoms (gray) and one oxygen atom (blue). | image | textbook_images/chemistry_of_compounds_22724.png |
L_0835 | chemistry of compounds | T_4245 | FIGURE 1.2 Water: Water is odorless and colorless. We drink it, bathe in it, and use it to wash our clothes. In fact, we cant live without it. Hydrogen Peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide is also odorless and colorless. Its used as an antiseptic to kill germs on cuts. Its also used as bleach to remove color form hair. A: You can tell that they are different compounds from their very different properties. Carbon dioxide is a harmless gas that living things add to the atmosphere during respiration. Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas that can quickly kill people if it becomes too concentrated in the air. | image | textbook_images/chemistry_of_compounds_22725.png |
L_0835 | chemistry of compounds | T_4245 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/chemistry_of_compounds_22726.png |
L_0836 | color | T_4248 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/color_22727.png |
L_0836 | color | T_4248 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/color_22728.png |
L_0836 | color | T_4249 | FIGURE 1.3 light of different colors. | image | textbook_images/color_22729.png |
L_0836 | color | T_4249 | FIGURE 1.4 | image | textbook_images/color_22730.png |
L_0836 | color | T_4250 | FIGURE 1.5 | image | textbook_images/color_22731.png |
L_0837 | combining forces | T_4253 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/combining_forces_22733.png |
L_0838 | combustion reactions | T_4254 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/combustion_reactions_22734.png |
L_0838 | combustion reactions | T_4255 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/combustion_reactions_22735.png |
L_0840 | compound machine | T_4260 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/compound_machine_22737.png |
L_0840 | compound machine | T_4260 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/compound_machine_22738.png |
L_0841 | compounds | T_4263 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/compounds_22740.png |
L_0841 | compounds | T_4265 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/compounds_22741.png |
L_0841 | compounds | T_4265 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/compounds_22742.png |
L_0843 | conservation of energy in chemical reactions | T_4270 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/conservation_of_energy_in_chemical_reactions_22746.png |
L_0846 | conservation of mass in chemical reactions | T_4277 | FIGURE 1.1 Antoine Lavoisier. | image | textbook_images/conservation_of_mass_in_chemical_reactions_22748.png |
Subsets and Splits