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Throughout hongkong prize history, lotteries have played a role in raising money for many different purposes. They can be used to finance a wide variety of ventures from roads and colleges to sports teams and fortifications. They are also a great way to increase awareness about a particular issue or cause, such as donating funds to a charity.
The word lottery originated in the Middle Dutch language, and was probably derived from the verb lotinge, meaning “to draw lots.” The earliest records of state-sponsored lotteries were in Flanders during the first half of the 15th century. In addition to using lottery proceeds for public and private projects, lotteries have been criticized as addictive.
A lottery is a form of gambling in which the odds of winning a prize are determined by chance, with the potential to win millions or even billions of dollars. The odds are calculated by dividing the number of prizes in a lottery pool by the total amount of tickets sold or offered for sale.
In the United States, the Federal Government regulates lottery sales and conduct. The lottery must meet several requirements, including a fair system of selecting numbers and a method of paying out winnings. In addition, a set of rules must be established governing the frequency and size of the prizes.
The odds of winning a prize in a lottery are usually determined by the amount of money the prize is worth. For example, the jackpot for the Mega Millions lottery in the United States is estimated to be $565 million, but there are so few people who buy tickets that it’s very unlikely anyone will ever win that much.
A lottery prize is typically a monetary sum, but in some cases the prizes can be non-monetary, such as a house or other property. In some countries, the prize money is invested in an annuity for a certain number of years and is then paid out in a one-time lump sum to the winner.
The cost of a lottery ticket is typically small, but it can add up over time. The cost of a single ticket can be as high as $1 or more, depending on the lottery game.
Although winning the lottery is a dream for most people, it’s important to remember that the odds of winning are very slim and the cost of tickets can easily rack up over time. For this reason, many people choose not to participate in the lottery. It’s a good idea to do your research before playing a lottery and to avoid any games that are not legal in your country. You may want to check your local lottery website for any special offers or discounts that can help save you money. You may also want to read the rules of any game before you start playing. Taking the time to do your research will help you make an informed decision and will allow you to enjoy the thrill of playing without the risk of losing large amounts of money. | <urn:uuid:2ca67670-54ce-44e5-bd96-681907558202> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://collectivetask.com/what-is-a-lottery/ | 2024-10-14T23:48:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.978761 | 589 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Ecological flow determines the water quantity needed to sustain river functions and healthy fluvial ecosystems. This measure is important when managing rivers and aiming to meet WFD requirements of good ecological status. In Lithuania, only the definition of environmental flow is defined and this value is quantified as either an 80% or 95% probability of low flow (Q30) during the warm period. However, the ecological flow is in the first step of its determination. Existing anthropogenic pressures and changing climate are expected to bring new stresses on rivers, and new challenges for sustaining ecological flows in fluvial ecosystems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects brought by different climate change scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) on potential ecological flow variables (minimum, average and maximum of Q30) of Lithuanian rivers. Four low-land rivers, namely Verknė, Širvinta, Šešupė, and Bartuva were studied. All of these rivers represent different hydrological regions and feeding characteristics. The study was based on hydrological modelling performed by HBV software, assessing the temporal changes in flow regime as well as changes in ecological flow variables. The projections were made for the near future (2021-2040) and the far future (2081-2100). The results have shown that Šešupė, which is highly dependent on surface runoff (snow melt and precipitation), was the most vulnerable to climate change. It would experience the greatest decrease in discharge during the low-flow periods (30-60%). In the near future, the duration of Q30_min in Šešupė would face an increase by 4-9 days and an increase by 8-32 days in the far future. RCP8.5 scenario would have the greatest impact on flow regime patterns. The other studied rivers would experience less dramatic changes in low flow parameters in the near future. The Bartuva River as a precipitation-fed river would have an increase in minimum and average low flow discharges. Verknė and Širvinta, both having groundwater feeding as a dominant component, in the far future will face a medium decrease in discharge (lower by 20% and 30% respectively) and a moderate increase in the duration of Q30_min by 7-16 and 6-15 days for each river respectively depending on RCP scenario. Although modelling flow regimes is a very important approach for projections of potential ecological flow variables, further studies incorporating additional parameters of river health, such as changes in water temperature, would give a better picture and deeper understanding of the behaviour of ecological indicators in the future.
Keywords: ecological flow, low flow, Lithuanian rivers, climate change, projections | <urn:uuid:93aa01e5-c424-44e2-8d1e-f984f89395e9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://conferences.lu.lv/event/244/contributions/1596/ | 2024-10-15T00:39:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.94276 | 576 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Most of the developing countries including Kenya may not have paid much attention to COP26 held late last year in Glasgow. As the world converged to discuss measures of reducing carbon emission under the theme Net Zero, many developing countries have experienced devastating effects of climatic change.
Such devastating situations have ranged from floods, erratic weather patterns of lanina and bush fires – situations that have shoved many people towards poverty.
Countries have developed policies to reduce carbon emission under the green industrial revolution concept. For example, UK has committed to end the sale of new petrol and diesel vehicles by 2030.
Setting sights towards global concerns, the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) has adopted various standards to minimise carbon footprint and preserve air quality. These include KS ISO 14064- 1 & 2 that provide the country’s standard of limits in greenhouse gas emissions, KS ISO 10155:1995 that guides stationary source emissions to regulate air quality, KS EAS 752:2010 that sets maximum levels for tolerance of emissions discharged in the air, as well as KS EAS 158 that guides on acceptable lead levels in gasoline specifications.
To minimise emission of fossil fuels, KEBS has developed standards KS ISO 22241:2021. The standards are a catalyst that reduce Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). These are a family of poisonous, highly reactive gases that affect our respiratory system. Additionally, the Bureau has gazetted regulations that govern the emission levels of both manufactured and imported vehicles operating in the country where all vehicles must comply to Euro IV emission levels.
More recently, the government adopted the use of ICT to make its processes efficient and effective. By providing an enabling environment to its population to adopt innovation, the Bureau has cushioned the environment from harm as it continues to put in place standards to regulate Kenya’s commendable technological progress. Thereby preventing environmental damage and ensuring responsible and efficient use of energy.
Some of the notable standards, which KEBS has developed include KS 2880-1:2020 and KS 2879-1:2020, both of which set Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for ICT equipment.
Quality of Water
Safeguarding the quality of water is important for both human and aquatic life as outlined in SDG 14: Life Below Water that addresses conservation and sustainably use of the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
Some of the standards that protect health of water bodies include KS ISO 8689-1:2000 outline the biological classification of rivers; an important water source for a majority of the country’s population. KS 1966-1:2007 guidelines provides the tolerance levels of effluents discharged into the river, while KS 2067-2:2009 provides methods of sampling for wastewater, whose contaminant load originates from sugar industries.
Standards also play an important role in promoting sustainable use of energy as addressed by Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy that ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Of noteworthy are standards that help organizations and households to adopt efficient energy use.
These standards will in the long-term help Kenya to build sustainable cities and communities. For example, KS ISO 37101, lays out a management system for sustainable development in smart and productive communities, using a holistic approach. This ensures consistency with the sustainable development policies.
The standards that the Bureau continues to develop purposes to address all the 17 SDGs. To this effect KEBS has adopted over 340 ISO Standards, that address climate change challenges including special technologies such as refrigerants, energy in its various forms, sustainability and environment, building and construction, mechanical engineering, services industries (such as tourism), ores and metals, transport, freight, packaging and distribution, non-metallic materials, security, safety and risk.
KEBS will continue working hand in hand with both internal and external stakeholders, policy makers, private sector and government agencies to consistently develop and adopt standards as part of their contribution towards the SGG and most importantly, strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the Partnership for Sustainable Development as envisioned in SGD 17: Partnerships for the Goals.
One such notable partnership with NEMA resulted in the eradication of plastic paper bags in 2017 is a testament how combined efforts can bring a long-lasting positive change to the environment.
Stalled Subsidy Scheme Causes Tanzania its Sunflower Industry boost for 2024
#ConnectedSummit2023 To launch Free Public WiFi in a Major CSR in Kwale County
Ex-Jumia Execs launch Kapu e-Commerce
KEBS Divulges 474 Kenya’s Newly Approved Standards
Meta Launches ‘Creators of Tomorrow’ Campaign Celebrating Talents Across SSA
Sophos Acquires Cloud Based Security Alert Automation, Amping Up Battle Against Cybercrime In Kenya | <urn:uuid:bbf0967b-d6ea-41c1-a061-55c3d285bd6b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://csuiteafrica.com/technology/the-chance-to-save-our-environment-through-standards/ | 2024-10-15T00:05:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.927516 | 987 | 3.53125 | 4 |
What is the difference between empathy and sympathy? The Oxford English Dictionary is very clear that sympathy is, “feeling pity or sorrow for someone else’s misfortune” and empathy, “understands the feelings someone else is having.”
Subtle difference, and unless you are a grammar evangelist you can forgive choosing one over the other.
But for counselling and other such therapies, the difference is key and is a vital part of their training as empathy is fundamental to the way a therapist can help someone move through their problems.
Why is it such a big part of their training? (arguably the first thing they learn) Well, because sitting next to someone and crying with them brings you to the place they are (and you start needing to get help too), but looking someone in the eye and being able to say “I understand what you are feeling and why” lets them see where you are and helps to guide them to acceptance and understanding.
Empathy is key to a counsellor’s ability to carry out active listening – interesting skill, look it up if you haven’t read it before. Active listening is the ability to allow someone to talk to you and through your response show that you have heard them and understand what they have said.
Active listening builds trust and rapport.
Of course you then get taught how to deal with common issues, and have methods to begin the process of understanding and growth with the patient. But you start by understanding the person in front of you and their experiences rather than just applying a general “fix” that works for everyone.
So what has that got to do with customers?
The customer experience and the customer journey are both very important in order to better understand the processes your customers are going through with your brand. After all, we are all customers so can empathise with where the problems are and what we would want the process to look like if we were experiencing the journey ourselves.
Getting it right is great and it goes a long way to making the customer experience better for our customers but it misses the ability to show your customer that you’re listening and that you understand what they are experiencing.
That’s why actively engaging your customers, listening to the voice of the customer and asking them to share their experiences with you and speaking to them about what they said, accelerates the trust and rapport you have with your customers.
You can get close to your customers by building a service that solves most of their needs, but to really be trusted, you need to offer more by discovering enough information to empathise with your customers from their real experiences, and that comes from listening…actively. | <urn:uuid:a146c9b6-30e5-4785-8324-acf7170f9bd5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://customerthink.com/empathy-and-sympathy-in-the-customer-experience/ | 2024-10-14T23:19:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.975311 | 553 | 2.71875 | 3 |
For serious dance students, puberty can seem frightening. Their bodies are changing, which means that the instrument they have grown accustomed to using may suddenly feel out of tune. Maybe they’re lankier and feel clumsier or weaker, maybe they’re rounder or developing in some places before others. There’s not a whole lot of predictability.
What is predictable, however, is our children’s perception of how culture—and dance culture specifically—places value on certain body types. It’s no secret that dancers are fit and need to fuel their bodies with the best food possible. Yet we also know that eating disorders begin early—children as young as 5 are being diagnosed, according to the National Eating Disorders Association. So how can parents best support growing dancers? Dance Teacher asked a pediatrician and a nutritionist for some advice.
Don’t wait until puberty to talk about puberty.
Help your dancer to understand that their body will change, and that the change is ongoing—and completely normal. Boys tend to grow taller before gaining weight, says Dr. Elizabeth Wallis, a pediatrician at the Medical University of South Carolina who specializes in eating disorders. “On the other hand, girls, who begin to develop breasts and may carry more tissue on their hips, thighs and stomachs, will often gain a little bit of weight before they gain height. The sudden changes can be really distressing for some. Others may get stuck on comparing their bodies to their prepubertal self.”
For sports nutritionist Heidi Skolnik, who has worked with dancers at the School of American Ballet since 1998, parents can help celebrate these changes. “How wonderful it is that our bodies change,” she says. “That’s maturity! Let your kids know you have confidence that they will continue to be beautiful dancers and that they can continue to train, work hard and eat, just as they always have. Our bodies know how to grow and support us all on their own.”
Help your children build food and eating competency.
“Just as you want your children to be critical thinkers and self-sufficient in many ways, you want them to do the same surrounding food and eating,” says Skolnik. “Whoever is making the food can determine what food is being eaten—but then it’s up to your dancer to pick from that food and decide the right amount for them.”
Dancers need enough fuel for their training schedules—you can help pack snacks for in-between rehearsals and have food available that will help support your dancer’s challenging schedule. But ultimately, “it’s important to give them the choice to know what’s right for their own body and for them to learn when they are hungry or not hungry, or if they do or don’t like something,” Skolnik says.
Avoid commenting on your child’s food intake as much as you can—it’s up to them to decide when they’re full. Even a well-meaning “Gosh you ate a lot” or “Wow, you must have been hungry” can trigger a child into second-guessing themselves. “Kids who are so active—like dancers—have high caloric needs, and simply going through puberty requires higher calories, too,” says Wallis. “So even if your statement was meant as a positive, your child might wonder if they’re eating too much just from the comment.”
Don’t restrict or moralize foods.
Yes, some food is more nutritious than others. But rigid food rules and small portioning can be detrimental. “We don’t want to talk about good foods and bad foods. I’m not saying it’s OK to only eat chocolate chip cookies,” says Skolnik. “But what research tells us is that when we have one or two cookies today and know that we can have another tomorrow, we don’t feel like we need to eat the entire bag of cookies now.” Language matters: Dancers, she says, need to eat and train—they do not need to diet and exercise.
In daily conversation, normalize that bodies are many different shapes and sizes, including amongst dancers. “Having strength and fitness are more important than a number on a scale or what a certain body type looks like,” says Wallis. “There are so many factors that go into a body’s shape or size, and there is only so much control that we have over that.” As adults, she continues, “we’re used to talking about not eating sugar or losing 10 pounds. But the more that we talk about fueling our bodies so that they’re strong and can do lots of things, the better in terms of instilling body positivity. And this can start way before puberty.”
Be a role model.
While kids internalize language surrounding food, weight and dieting, they also internalize what isn’t said. Wallis says it isn’t necessary to talk about food and body image ad nauseum—but as parents, we need to be mindful of our actions. “Even if you never talk about your body, but you subsist on carrots and green peppers alone, your child is getting that message,” she says.
Know the real red flags.
“One major misconception about disordered eating is that someone will be a certain weight or look to be a certain size,” says Wallis. “And the truth is that roughly 60 percent of kids with eating disorders still fall into a ‘normal’ weight.” She advises parents who are concerned their child may have unhealthy eating habits to look for dramatic shifts—cutting out snacks, dropping food groups, or being extremely particular—as well as irritability and anxiousness.
Skolnik says it never hurts to have a conversation with your dancer, without being accusatory. “You might ask how they are feeling, if they’re sleeping well, or they might want to meet with a dietitian who can help make sure they’re staying well fueled and have the energy to dance and stay strong,” she advises.
Overall, Wallis says to trust your instincts: “You know your child better than anybody. If something seems off, or if something has really changed—if they’re not as happy, exercising more, disappearing into the bathroom after meals, have a conversation with your pediatrician. Don’t wait.” | <urn:uuid:76cf123c-786d-46bc-b2e6-9d1c9541c669> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://dance-teacher.com/parents-puberty-dancer-changing-body/ | 2024-10-15T01:01:53Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.969934 | 1,395 | 2.6875 | 3 |
What are some descriptive words for Touch ?
Here is a list of words that are related to the word Touch.
Total number of Touch words and adjectives: 12 words
Touch words are listed in alphabetical order.
These descriptive words for kids to use in writing are suitable for grades:
Grade 2, Grade 3, grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6 and Grade 7
Words for teachers and school students.
Download Touch related Words in PDF: Descriptive Words for Touch PDF
Download Image with Touch related Words. | <urn:uuid:5e9a72ca-ef3b-4a69-8ba0-4842483836b9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://descriptivewords.org/kids-descriptive-words-touch/ | 2024-10-14T23:46:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.886227 | 109 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Louise Boyd 1928 Polar Expedition
In 1928, while arriving in Norway for her second expedition, Boyd learned that noted polar explorer Roald Amundsen had disappeared while searching for another explorer Umberto Nobile. Boyd immediately offered her ship the Hobby and her services to the Norwegian government to aid in the search for Amundsen. The hunting party and the boat's crew searched tirelessly for 10 weeks.
Boyd filmed throughout the endeavor—a total of 20,000 feet of motion picture film in all. Boyd's films show the outfitting of the vessel to prepare for the expedition and the arrival of two planes and pilots to aid in the search. Notable in the films is the seemingly endless ice and scenery as they traveled from Tromsø, Norway, to Spitsbergen, into the Greenland Sea, to Franz Josef Land, and back to Tromsø.
Rights: Public Domain, Free of Known Copyright Restrictions. Learn more on our privacy and legal page. | <urn:uuid:a84123b0-b5bb-4aa3-8631-b4323205631f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://docsteach.org/documents/document/boyd-1928 | 2024-10-14T23:09:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.944918 | 203 | 3.125 | 3 |
Greenhouse gases are gases present in our atmosphere that can cause global warming. These gases trap solar radiation, causing the Earth’s surface to warm. This phenomenon, known as the greenhouse effect, has become more pronounced in the past century due to rapidly increasing greenhouse gas emissions. In this blog post, we will discuss the concept of greenhouse gases, their sources, effects, and reduction methods. Understanding that greenhouse gases originate from natural sources and human activities can help us comprehend their adverse effects and how to mitigate them.
It is our responsibility to minimize the negative effects of greenhouse gases by acting with love for nature and the environment. You can continue reading our article to learn more about greenhouse gases and lead a more environmentally conscious life.
What are Greenhouse Gases?
Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases, are gases found in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the incoming solar radiation, leading to the warming of our planet. Therefore, greenhouse gases are significant contributors to global climate change.
Sources of Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gases are naturally present in the atmosphere and contribute to the greenhouse effect, warming the Earth. These gases typically increase due to human activities, exacerbating the issue of global warming. The primary sources of greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxides (NOx), and fluorinated gases (HFCs, PFCs, and SF6).
Many of these gases are emitted into the atmosphere as a result of human activities such as industrial processes, energy production, transportation, agriculture, and deforestation. In particular, the combustion of fossil fuels, deforestation, and methane emissions contribute to the rapid increase in greenhouse gas levels.
Additionally, fluorinated gases are chemical compounds used during industrial processes and contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect. Therefore, reducing greenhouse gas sources and controlling emissions is a crucial step in combating global warming and climate change.
Effects of Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gases are one of the gases present in the atmosphere and contribute to the greenhouse effect. These gases trap solar radiation, leading to the warming of the Earth. With the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases, negative effects such as global warming and climate change also intensify. This disrupts the natural balance and can lead to various disasters.
The effects of greenhouse gases include rising sea levels, increased droughts and floods, damage to agricultural areas, and a decrease in biodiversity. Additionally, air pollution and health problems can also be counted among the effects of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is crucial to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
To minimize the effects of greenhouse gases, steps such as reducing the use of fossil fuels, increasing energy efficiency, shifting to renewable energy sources, and preventing deforestation can be taken. Additionally, technological innovations in industrial facilities and vehicles are needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this way, a cleaner environment and a more livable world can be provided for future generations.
Ways to Reduce Greenhouse Gases
The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to serious problems such as global warming and climate change. Therefore, it is essential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There are several ways to reduce greenhouse gases.
One way is to reduce the use of fossil fuels and shift to clean energy sources. Clean energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydroelectric power can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Another important way is to increase energy efficiency. Using less energy means less greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, steps such as using energy-efficient appliances and better insulating our homes are necessary. | <urn:uuid:fbfb0049-64f2-4b4a-8a3b-eebbf57da2a9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://eco-labels.uk/2024/05/03/what-is-a-greenhouse-gas/ | 2024-10-14T23:41:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.927838 | 741 | 4.03125 | 4 |
4, 5, 6, 7, and 8
Family & Consumer Science
Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.
Lesson for Download
In this lesson, students will: Humans have used weaving techniques to make tools and clothing for thousands of years. In this lesson, students will adapt this ancient art to create a very modern illuminated bracelet with a colorful fairy light strand woven through a leather cuff.
- Glowforge App
MATERIALS & TOOLS:
- Humans have used weaving techniques to make tools and clothing for thousands of years. In this lesson, students will adapt this ancient art to create a very modern illuminated bracelet with a colorful fairy light strand woven through a leather cuff.
- Bracelet design file to match the length of the fairy light strand: – cuff_1m_LED_strand.svg -or- – cuff_2m_LED_strand.svg
- The History of Weaving: https://quatr.us/clothing/history-weaving-early-hand-weaving.htm
- Discuss weaving as a construction technique
- Print leather cuff pieces in the Glowforge App
- Weave the fairy light strand through the cuff bracelet to create an illuminated wearable accessory
ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES: FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: Circulate the classroom and observe students at work, are they collaborating and/or using teamwork, and any other items you wish to assess. SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT: Use the Magical Things Journal to document student learning.
Step 1: SETUP
Description For each bracelet, students will need a piece of Glowforge Proofgrade Medium Natural Leather and a strand of fairy lights.
Step 2: INTRODUCTION TO WEAVING
Weaving is a technique which utilizes threads, or long string-like materials and interlaces them to create a structure that is stronger than the original materials themselves. Ask students if they can think of objects they’ve encountered that were constructed by weaving. (e.g. fabric, baskets, mesh fences) Many ancient cultures created woven baskets for utility and decorative purposes, and until the mid-19th century, all fabric was created by hand-weaving thread together on giant looms.As industrialization spread, people created machines to weave fabrics on automated looms with greater speed and precision than humans are capable of. In this lesson, students will use a simple technique to weave two very different materials together. They’ll be using fairy lights as a kind of thread to be woven through a leather bracelet base.
Step 3: CONSTRUCT THE BRACELET
CUT THE LEATHER PIECES OFF: First, use the Glowforge App to cut the two pieces of the cuff from Proofgrade medium leather. There are two different design files for the cuff. Which one to cut depends on the spacing of the LEDs in the fairy light strand. For a 1m long strand containing 20 LEDs (5cm spacing between LEDs), use the file “cuff_1m_LED_strand.svg”. If the strand has 20 LEDs in a 2m length, cut the pattern in the file “cuff_2m_LED_strand.svg”. All lines in the file are to be cut. If students wish to personalize their bracelets, they may add score lines or small etched words/images around the top and bottom edges of their cuff, or on the pocket (the smaller piece) before cutting. After cutting the two leather pieces, peel off any protective paper that is still attached.
Add the Pocket to the Cuff:
The smaller leather piece forms a pocket which holds the fairy light battery pack in place. The long, notched tab protruding from the pocket piece is the strap, which will fasten the cuff closed once it is finished. Lay the cuff and pocket pieces flat on a table as shown, with the pocket piece upside down. Insert the end of the long, mushroom-shaped tab through the two parallel slots near the bottom edge of the cuff, as shown. Next, fold the pocket up over the cuff, and insert the two remaining mushroom-shaped tabs through the two vertical slots in the cuff. The images above show both a front and back view of the cuff. Slide the long notched strap through the final nearby vertical slot, and pull it gently all the way through to secure the pocket on three sides.
Add the Fairy Lights to the Cuff:
Unroll the fairy lights and insert the loose end of the light strand into the top pocket opening, then pull it out through the gap between the two side tabs as shown. Pull it all the way through until the last fairy light in the strand extends 1-2 cm past the pocket Next, wrap the battery pack in any excess wire, and tuck it into the pocket. If the wire won’t stay wrapped around the batteries, secure it with a small piece of tape. Be absolutely sure that all 20 LEDs on the strand are visible outside of the pocket. Now, we’ll start to weave the fairy light strand through the holes and slots in the cuff. Take the loose end of the fairy lights and gently push it downward through the hole closest to the pocket opening as shown in the picture above. Gently push the wire from the front, then pull the wire through from the back side of the cuff until all LEDs have passed through the hole. Flip the cuff over as shown in the picture above. Now the pocket opening is on the bottom edge of the cuff. Take the end of the fairy light strand and slip it through the two long horizontal slots in the cuff as shown. As seen from the back of the cuff, the wire passes underneath the middle section of the cuff. Gently pull the strand all the way through.. Next, thread the fairy light strand through the first hole on the opposite side of the slots. It will enter this hole from the back side of the cuff and exit through the front. Flip the cuff over again to view it from the front side. Pull the strand through the hole until it all passes through. You shouldn’t need to apply a great deal of force. Be careful that the strand doesn’t tangle or kink as it passes through the holes. Adjust the position of the strand so that the first LED sits exactly between the two horizontal slots as seen above. The lights will look best if the curved side of the LED faces outward, so if the LED is not oriented correctly, gently twist the wire until it is. After the first LED is in position, slide the end of the strand back upwards between the two long horizontal slots so that it passes underneath the middle section of the cuff, and pull it all the way through the slots. Once it is through, thread the end of the strand down through the next empty hole in the top row and pull it taut. From here on out, weave the strand alternately upwards and downwards through the unused holes and through the slots. Each LED sits between the horizontal slots. You may have to fiddle with the position of the wire a bit to be sure the LEDs are aligned correctly. Repeat the woven pattern until the fairy light strand is finished, following the illustration above. In this image, the purple line shows the path of the fairy light strand. The dashed line indicates where the wire passes below the cuff and the solid purple line is where the wire sits above the cuff. The blue ovals show the placement of the LEDs. When finished, the wire will pass through each hole in the cuff exactly once, and the LEDs will line up along the center section of the cuff. LED strands are fairy sturdy, but the wires can break if subjected to too much strain. It’s a good idea to periodically turn the fairy light strand on during construction to make sure that the connections are good. While they work, ask the students if they see the pattern they are creating. Can they identify the steps in the pattern which repeat over and over again? As they weave, they should notice that the LEDs in the fairy light strand all end up in a single row. Ask them if that would be true if the spacing of the holes in the leather cuff was a bit different. If they are interested in the specifics of the design, ask students to measure the distance between LEDs on the strand (5cm) and the distance between the two rows of holes in the cuff (2.5cm). The LED spacing on the strand is exactly twice the distance between the rows of holes. See if they can figure out why that causes the LEDs to line up exactly in a row. When finished, the cuff will look like this. To wear the cuff, wrap it around your wrist, then insert the notched tab through the vertical slot in the other side of the bracelet to secure it. The fit can be adjusted by sliding the tab through the slot to a different notch. All that’s left to do now is turn it on and watch it glow!
Step 4: EVALUATE
Ask the students to look at the woven pattern they created. Did it turn out like they imagined it would? Ask them to imagine other kinds of patterns that could be created by weaving a string through lines of parallel holes, and how they might design such a pattern.
The magical 3D laser printer that made this lesson possible. Learn more! | <urn:uuid:2867cd0c-1e13-4c1f-831d-49b9cc9a57ae> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://education.glowforge.com/lessons/illuminated-cuff-bracelet/ | 2024-10-14T23:28:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.922047 | 1,939 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Credit ratings are expressed as letter grades and used for businesses and governments. Credit scores are numbers used for individuals and some small businesses. An individual’s credit score is based on information from the three major credit reporting agencies, and scores range from 300 to 850.
What is credit score and how does it work?
What Is a Credit Score? A credit score is a number between 300–850 that depicts a consumer’s creditworthiness. The higher the score, the better a borrower looks to potential lenders. A credit score is based on credit history: number of open accounts, total levels of debt, and repayment history, and other factors.
How is your credit rating or score determined?
How far behind you are on a bill payment, the number of accounts that show late payments and whether you’ve brought the accounts current are all factors. The higher your proportion of on-time payments, the higher your score will be. Every time you miss a payment, you negatively impact your score.
What is the difference between a credit score and a credit rating quizlet?
A credit score is a measurement of your creditworthiness from one major credit bureau, and a credit rating is a measurement of your creditworthiness from all three major credit bureaus. Tony is a loan officer. He determines his clients’ eligibility for loans and for good interest rates by using their credit scores.
Why is there such a difference between credit scores?
Your score differs based on the information provided to each bureau, explained more next. Information provided to the credit bureaus: The credit bureaus may not receive all of the same information about your credit accounts. Surprisingly, lenders aren’t required to report to all or any of the three bureaus.
What is a credit score quizlet?
Credit Score. Your credit score is a numerical rating of your credit-worthiness (how likely you are to pay off your debts). In the United States, the most commonly used credit score is the FICO score. Credit score is based on the information in credit reports from the three main credit bureaus. Credit Limit.
What determines your credit score quizlet?
a history of all your credit and payments. There are 3 national companies that generate credit reports: Equifax, Experian, and Transunion. What determines credit score? Payment history; amounts owed; length of credit history; types of credit used; new credit.
Which credit score is most important?
Your Credit Score Is The Most Important Score You Should Know
- Payment History – this is the most important and accounts for 35% of your FICO 8 Score. …
- Credit Usage – the amount of credit you are using accounts for 30% of your credit score. …
- Length of Credit History – A long credit history accounts for 15% of your Score.
What is considered a good score?
670 to 739
Although ranges vary depending on the credit scoring model, generally credit scores from 580 to 669 are considered fair; 670 to 739 are considered good; 740 to 799 are considered very good; and 800 and up are considered excellent.
What is the difference between the different credit scores?
Lower credit scores indicate that you are more likely to be a credit risk, while higher credit scores indicate that you are more likely to be a responsible borrower. Although there are different types of credit scores, the two main credit scoring models—FICO and VantageScore—use a 300-850 point credit scoring scale.
What’s the difference in credit reports?
Your score can differ depending on which credit reporting agency provided the information, the scoring model, the type of loan product, and even the day when it was calculated. Higher scores reflect a better loan paying history and make you eligible for lower interest rates.
How many different credit scores are there?
What Are the Three Different Credit Scores? Equifax, Experian and TransUnion are three major credit bureaus. Each compile their own credit reports. But they don’t share information with each other, so your credit report for each bureau may be different.
What are the two most important factors in calculating your credit score?
The most important factor of your FICO® Score☉ , used by 90% of top lenders, is your payment history, or how you’ve managed your credit accounts. Close behind is the amounts owed—and more specifically how much of your available credit you’re using—on your credit accounts. The three other factors carry less weight.
Where do credit reports come from?
Q: Where do credit bureaus get their information? A: Credit bureaus get information from your creditors, such as a bank, credit card issuer, or auto finance company. They also get information about you from public records, such as property or court records.
Why is credit so important?
Credit is part of your financial power. It helps you to get the things you need now, like a loan for a car or a credit card, based on your promise to pay later. Working to improve your credit helps ensure you’ll qualify for loans when you need them.
What credit score is poor?
Poor Credit Scores From VantageScore
The company says a credit score is poor if it’s between 500 and 600, while a score from 300 to 499 is called very poor. “In general, people with higher scores can get more credit at better rates,” VantageScore says.
How do you build credit score?
How to maintain your good credit
- Limit your accounts. Numerous store and/or credit card accounts may lower your credit score even if accounts are not used and balances are paid in full.
- Don’t close old accounts. …
- Use your accounts. …
- Maintain a low balance-to-limit ratio. | <urn:uuid:10a2bd44-3633-41f6-ba0f-24cd2953a19f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://en.kamiltaylan.blog/how-do-credit-scores-work-how-do-they-differ-from-credit-ratings/ | 2024-10-14T23:38:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.955233 | 1,210 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Hotel Booking System ER Diagram – It is believed that the ER Diagram can be a excellent tool for data mining. It allows you to show complicated relationships in a straightforward format. The basic steps are the identical wherever you work. It starts by identifying “what” your system is. A rectangle is the symbol of the entity, and it should be given ample space. Incorporate ovals as attributes and join them to the entity. After that, leave a space between your rectangle and an oval.
Every entity in an ER diagram is referred to as an attribute. A characteristic is characteristic, trait, or characteristic for an item. In the case for an ER diagram An Inventory Item Name is an attribute for the entity inventory Item. The item can be equipped with any number of attributes it requires. Additionally, each attribute could have distinct attributes. For instance, a client’s address can have an address, street number or city. Or state. These are all composite attributes and there are no constraints on the quantity of each.
The next phase in analyzing an ER diagram is to understand the amount of information that each entity contains. The commonality of each individual is the number of factors that exist among two different entities. A customer, for instance, can purchase multiple phones from one cell phone service, and the cell phone provider may have multiple phones in only one bill. The ER diagram can make it easier to recognize how the entities are connected. It can also assist you in determining what the data is that links each entity together.
As the system gets bigger and becomes more complicated The ER diagram will become increasingly complex and complicated to comprehend. The complexity in an ER diagram requires more detailed representation on a micro-level. A well-designed ER diagram can help you get a better understanding of a system greater depth. Just remember to include white space between tables in the ER diagram to ensure that there is no confusion. If you don’t, it will be difficult to understand the connection between two different entities.
A person is an entity. An entity is an object or class. An entity can be an individual an individual, a city, or even an organization. An entity that is weaker is one that is dependent to another and has none of the fundamental characteristics. A characteristic is the property or characteristic of an object. The person in the ER diagram is a noun. In the same way, the city is an entity. Therefore, the term “connection” between two entities is an adjective.
The characteristics within the ER diagram need to be labeled. As an example, a teacher entity can have multiple subjects. Student entities can have several subjects. The relationship between two individuals is represented by diamond shapes. These lines are typically identified with verbs. Then, they are known as entities. If a student is unsure regarding the meaning behind an attribute an attribute, the ER diagram will assist them in understanding the relationship between two different objects. | <urn:uuid:ebb48564-d454-4bff-bbbe-c000723662ab> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ermodelexample.com/hotel-booking-system-er-diagram/ | 2024-10-15T00:29:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.940553 | 597 | 2.875 | 3 |
College is expensive. Even those who chose to go an alternative route like community college or technical school can face thousands of dollars of cost. To pursue higher education, many take out student loans from the federal government or private lenders and enjoy their experience. Six months after graduation, a notice comes in the mail….first payment due.
In the United States, the average amount of student debt is approximately $30,000, with many taking out between $25,000 to $50,000 over the course of their studies. This large sum of money can seem impossible to pay off, but there are strategies that help people successfully become debt-free over time.
First, let’s define some important terms.
Principal: This is the actual amount of money you borrowed by taking out a student loan; this amount does not change.
Interest: This is the money the organization managing your debt adds to your total amount owed while they manage the loan. Once you graduate, you will receive a letter from an organization called a student loan servicer; they make their money by adding interest. If you take out a loan for 10,000, they will charge you interest (the current average is 5.8%). Depending on how long it takes for you to pay off that 10,000, every year that company will add 5.8% of your total to your amount due.
Fixed Interest Rate: This means the amount of interest the student loan servicer charges will not change during the lifetime of your loan payments; this is common for federal student loans, which make up 90% of most student loans. It is less common among private loans, which also tend to have higher interest rates.
Minimum: the least amount you can pay each month
Want to learn more about the types of loans there are? Check out our article “Types of Student Loans”.
Here are 9 tips for paying off your student debt:
Start setting aside money early in anticipation of paying off your loans.
If you get a job during high school and college, that’s a smart move. It will allow you to build savings for when you graduate, have disposable income for basic needs and emergencies during college, and build your resume. Anticipating having to start paying off your student loans, open a checking account, a savings account, and a second savings account. Every time you get paid, take a percentage of each paycheck to put into each savings account. Over time, this will allow you to have some money set aside to put against the principal of your loan when it is first due and allow you to pay it off quicker. Finding scholarships can also put you in a better place early too. Check out our article called Finding Scholarships for College here to learn more.
Have a side gig.
While you should always set aside money from each paycheck towards your student loans, putting a little extra towards your principal will make a difference in how long it takes for you to pay the loan off, reducing the amount of interest you will pay. If you have a hobby or talent that can bring in some extra money, using that income as an extra boost every month against the principal is a smart choice. Some people are using the gig economy as delivery drivers to do this as well.
Make sure your payments cover at least the principal.
There are times when paying off the minimum is all you can afford to do. However, it often covers the interest and does not reduce the total amount owed, accruing more interest. Unless you are in such a bad financial situation, you cannot do more than that – in which case, reaching out if you can refinance or renegotiate your loan may be the better option – always try to make sure you are making enough of a payment the principal is affected.
If any extra money comes your way, use it to pay down the principal.
Sometimes people come into a boost of extra cash. Whether it is your annual tax return, a gift from a relative, or payments from an insurance claim, taking that money and putting it against the principal can reduce your interest payments, as well as the length of time you’ll be paying off that loan. It may be tempting to use that money for a trip or a fun new gadget, but putting those enjoyments off now will allow you greater freedom in the future.
Revisit your payments as your financial situation changes.
Income changes. Sometimes you’ll take a new job with better pay or receive a raise. Unfortunately, lay-offs happen as well. If you see an increase in monthly income, increase your payments appropriately. If you’re making $20.00 an hour, do not keep paying like you only make $12.00 per hour. If a catastrophe happens, consider reducing your payments. It is possible to furlough payments if you are in a dire situation, but this should be avoided and only used as a last resort.
Make sure you don’t forget your payments! Most servicers in the modern era have automatic payment options. Go ahead and set that up to ensure you never miss one. One temptation people face if they manually make payments is to arbitrarily increase or decrease the amount you’re paying based on your monthly situation. Maybe you want to take a weekend trip, and an extra $100 in your pocket seems nice…don’t give in! If you can afford the trip without that extra $100 from your payment, great, then you don’t need it. If you can’t, you probably shouldn’t be taking the trip anyway.
Planning out your monthly expenses can be useful. It will ensure your bills get paid first, including your student loan bill. By guaranteeing it is a priority in your budget, you will be less likely to accidentally overspend if you have the money withdrawn automatically or remind you if you’re not (though we definitely recommend you do). It may also highlight some places where you are spending money on things you don’t really need that could be going against the principal of your loan.
Pay more than the minimum.
If you want to pay your loan off quickly, this is a must. Paying off the minimum will get you there, eventually, often in 10-20 years, depending on how much you borrowed. If you want to be free of this loan quickly, reduce your principal by paying off more than the minimum. Paying more regularly is a smart decision. Don’t put so much into your loans that you can’t make other important payments – be responsible – but try to do more if possible.
If you have multiple loans, pay off the smallest ones first.
This strategy is sometimes called the debt snowball. Often, loans can be different amounts, and thanks to the internet, you can pay down specific loans first. If you have one loan for $5,000 and one for $10,000, paying down the $5000 loan first will be a way to take a realistic chunk out of the loan. There is a psychological component. Tackling easier goals prepares you to tackle harder ones. It also reduces the principal faster.
Student loans can be a blessing and a curse. They help you pursue a career, but they also weigh you down for a very long time with financial obligations that can become an obstacle to other achievements. Being proactive before you take out the loan and being responsible can make paying it off a much easier task and reduce the time in the long run. | <urn:uuid:fc7b60f3-5ab7-4955-b02e-40d39b23298d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://everydayowl.com/finance/paying-off-student-loans/ | 2024-10-15T01:03:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.96385 | 1,540 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Nestled in Brazoria County, Alvin, Texas, holds a special place in the tapestry of American history. From its humble beginnings as a railroad town to its development into a thriving small city, Alvin’s history is replete with stories of resilience, community, and growth. This detailed exploration offers a deep dive into the historical milestones that have shaped Alvin, revealing the city’s unique character and enduring spirit.
Alvin’s story began in the late 19th century when the Santa Fe Railroad extended its line through the area in 1879. Named after Alvin Morgan, one of the personnel responsible for the railroad’s construction, the town quickly grew around this transportation hub, attracting settlers and businesses alike.
By 1893, Alvin was officially incorporated, and the community began to establish its local government and infrastructure. This period marked the beginning of Alvin’s transformation from a mere stop on the railroad to a burgeoning town with its own identity.
During the early 20th century, Alvin gained a reputation as a prominent agricultural center, particularly known for its strawberries. The fertile soil and favorable climate made it an ideal location for farming, earning it the nickname “Strawberry Capital of the World” at one point.
As the decades passed, Alvin diversified its economy. While agriculture remained a backbone, other industries such as manufacturing and services began to take root, further driving the town’s growth and development.
Alvin, like many parts of coastal Texas, was not spared from the ravages of the Great Storm of 1900, considered the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history. The town suffered significant damage but demonstrated remarkable resilience in rebuilding and recovering from the devastation.
One of Alvin’s most famous residents is Nolan Ryan, a legendary Major League Baseball pitcher known for his record-breaking career. Born in Refugio, Texas, Ryan moved to Alvin with his family and became a celebrated figure in both the town and the sport.
The Alvin Historical Museum serves as a custodian of the town’s rich past, offering exhibits that cover various aspects of local history, from its agricultural roots to its residential developments. This museum plays a crucial role in preserving Alvin’s heritage and educating future generations.
Another significant historical site is the Marguerite Rogers House Museum, originally built in 1909. This house has been meticulously restored to reflect the early 20th-century lifestyle and serves as a window into Alvin’s domestic history.
Throughout the 20th century, Alvin continued to grow, both in population and infrastructure. The post-World War II era, in particular, saw a surge in residential development as veterans returned home and suburban areas expanded.
The establishment and expansion of Alvin Community College in 1948 marked a significant milestone in the town’s educational landscape, providing higher education opportunities to the local community and contributing to the town’s intellectual and cultural enrichment.
Alvin hosts several annual events that celebrate its culture and history, including the Alvin Music Festival and Frontier Days. These events not only bring the community together but also attract visitors from across the region, showcasing Alvin’s hospitality and community spirit.
The town’s sports facilities and parks cater to a variety of activities, reflecting Alvin’s commitment to promoting a healthy and active lifestyle among its residents.
Like many Texas towns, Alvin has faced its share of challenges, particularly natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. Each time, the community’s resilience and solidarity have shone through, as people come together to rebuild and support each other in times of need.
Today, Alvin is a vibrant city that balances modernity with its historical roots. Ongoing economic developments and improvements in infrastructure continue to shape its landscape and prospects for the future.
Preservation efforts ensure that Alvin’s historical sites and stories are not lost to time. These initiatives are crucial for maintaining the town’s character and legacy for future generations.
Alvin, Texas, is a city with a rich historical narrative that offers more than just a glimpse into its past—it provides a living, breathing experience of growth, resilience, and community spirit.
ExploreTexas.com is a division of Explore America Holdings, LLC. All information on this website is for informational and entertainment purposes only. | <urn:uuid:0477a1fb-b543-4db5-9277-9f052b9c55e5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://exploretexas.com/blog/history-of-alvin-texas/ | 2024-10-14T23:43:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.960636 | 878 | 2.75 | 3 |
Revolutionizing Food Safety with Technology
In an era of technological innovation, the food business is witnessing a transition far beyond the kitchen. Consumers now want greater transparency about the safety and quality of their food. Technological breakthroughs have become vital instruments in the drive for improved food safety. Various technologies, from blockchain to artificial intelligence, transform quality control techniques. They consistently ensure food products satisfy high standards by providing transparency and confidence from farm to fork.
Understanding Food Fraud
Food fraud refers to deceptive practices, including mislabeling, adulteration, and counterfeiting food goods. Common instances include:
- Replacing expensive ingredients with cheaper substitutes
- Diluting pure products with fillers or additives
- They falsely label products to mislead their origin or quality, for instance, labelling a product ‘organic’ when, in reality, it does not meet the requirement for organic certification.
These fraudulent acts confuse consumers and offer substantial health hazards. Tainted or contaminated food can also cause foodborne illnesses or allergic reactions.
The Role of Tech in Ensuring Food Safety
Here are a few examples of key technologies involved in food safety today.
1. Blockchain Technology
In recent years, several technology solutions have arisen to meet and maintain food safety issues. One such solution is blockchain technology, which is a safe and transparent mechanism for tracing the movement of food goods along the supply chain. This allows for authenticity and lowers the risk of fraud and contamination. Using this technology can increase the trust between consumers and producers.
Another solution is to record every product transaction and movement on a decentralized ledger. This allows unparalleled precision in tracing the origin of food items and promises to improve supply chain transparency and traceability.
2. Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed food safety by allowing for real-time monitoring of environmental conditions throughout transportation and storage. IoT sensors placed in shipping containers monitor the temperature, humidity, and other variables that can compromise the integrity of food goods. This data helps manufacturers and distributors identify and address possible concerns before threatening food safety.
3. Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is another valuable tool in the food supply chain. Machine learning algorithms can sift through massive volumes of data to detect patterns. They can identify signs of pollutants or other threats. For example, AI-powered systems can detect viruses in food samples faster and more precisely than traditional approaches. This can help lower the risk of a foodborne illness outbreak.
Food Traceability: Ensuring Transparency and Accountability
Traceability, or tracking food product movement throughout the supply chain, is central to improving food safety. Comprehensive traceability systems allow stakeholders to identify the source of contamination or other concerns. Upon identification, stakeholders can take appropriate action to reduce this risk. It is a critical tool for addressing food waste and sustainability challenges. Companies like TDI Packsys provide top-tier inspection and automated packaging equipment solutions to facilitate these efforts.
One of the primary advantages of traceability is increased transparency. Consumers increasingly demand to know their food’s origin and production methods. Traceability systems provide information on the source, allowing consumers to make more informed decisions by scanning a QR code on a package or using an online database.
In the event of a food safety problem, traceability systems help authorities quickly track down impacted items and identify their source. This process speeds up containment operations and holds responsible parties accountable for safety policy violations.
Traceability is critical for risk assessment and prevention. Identifying potential risks and vulnerabilities allows stakeholders to undertake targeted interventions. For example, these systems can indicate the risk of a specific farm that has a history of pesticide residues in its food. This would show that products from this farm must be more closely monitored and tested to ensure they meet safety standards.
Technology is changing how we approach quality control in the food sector. From blockchain to AI, these technologies bring openness, accountability, and improved risk management to the food industry. Utilizing these technologies ensures that the food we consume is safe and dependable. | <urn:uuid:8d11f265-069d-49b8-a368-233882607de2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://fandbrecipes.com/revolutionizing-food-safety-with-technology/ | 2024-10-14T23:58:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.924962 | 816 | 3.171875 | 3 |
A big part of the fun of this blogging gig (for me at least) is watching stories resurface and reiterate themselves over time. Point in case: metamaterials and ‘invisibility cloaks’, which cropped up a few times last year, and which raise their head again with news from Hong Kong University that researchers have discovered a theoretical method for not only making things appear invisible, but also for making one thing appear to be another thing entirely. Confused? Well, this might help:
The trick is to create a material in which the permittivity and permeability are complementary to the values in a nearby region of space containing the mouse we want to hide. “Complementary” means that the material cancels out the effect that the mouse has on a plane lightwave passing through. So a plane wave would be bent by the mouse but then bent back into a plane as it passes through the complementary material, making the mouse disappear.
The second step is to then distort this plane wave in the way that an elephant would. This means creating transformational material that distorts a plane lightwave in the same way as an elephant. So anybody looking at this mouse would instead see an elephant.
An invisibility cloak is just a special case of this, when the mouse is simply replaced by the illusion of free space, say Chan and co. | <urn:uuid:f2c5a60f-11fc-46ed-bad6-b34f5ae71623> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://futurismic.com/tag/camouflage/ | 2024-10-15T00:31:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.955833 | 281 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Home / BEARWATCH: Monitoring Impacts of Arctic Climate Change using Polar Bears, Genomics and Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Fiscal Year Project Launched
Polar bears are the canary in the Arctic coalmine. Dependent on sea ice for hunting seals and land for denning, they are a sentinel of Arctic environmental change. Polar bears also play a central role in Inuit culture, spirituality and hunting practices and feature largely in their traditional knowledge system, called Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ). As sea ice quality and quantity decline, preferred food sources become less available. Polar bears’ numbers in Canada’s north – currently around 15,000, about two-thirds of the world’s population of them – are expected to decline. Canada must show international leadership in polar bear conservation, both to ensure polar bears’ persistence and to provide insight into the state of Arctic ecosystems.
BEARWATCH, led by Dr. Stephen C. Lougheed of Queen’s University, in collarboration with Drs. Peter van Coeverden de Groot and Graham Whitelaw from Queen’s University, and Markus Dyck, who is with the Government of Nunavut, will develop a non-invasive, fecal-based biomarker toolkit and a community-based monitoring program. The project will combine leading-edge genomics with comprehensive social science, developed and implemented within a framework of collaboration with northern communities, indigenous organizations and territorial and other levels of government. It will result in a database that combines IQ and other indigenous traditional ecological knowledge with polar bear genetic identity and ecological and physiological measures that permit assessment of bear health. The community-based monitoring program will provide ongoing data for tracking changes in polar bear populations, while also providing income to Arctic indigenous communities.
BEARWATCH will result in key insights for polar bear management and for tracking the changing ecosystems of the Canadian Arctic, situating Canada as a world leader in genomics-based, community-oriented research for wildlife management.
The project’s GE3LS research component will integrate polar bear Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and science as well as historical data, allowing the project team to compare insights from each knowledge system and translate findings into a community-based monitoring protocol that will track polar bear population responses to
environmental change. It will also involve an evaluation of impacts of the research on Canadian polar bear management and policy, Environmental Assessments by northern resource industries, and Inuit Impact Benefit Agreements. | <urn:uuid:02ba512e-03f3-4934-b27d-a1fc084c56b4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://genomecanada.ca/project/bearwatch-monitoring-impacts-arctic-climate-change-using-polar-bears-genomics-and-traditional/ | 2024-10-14T23:12:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.898725 | 520 | 3.625 | 4 |
Amazon link: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09SB4DYC7
The printhead of a thermal printer consists of an array of tiny heating elements. The paper has a special coating that turns dark grey when heated. Computers can print characters and designs by turning the appropriate elements on or off as the paper passes through the printhead. Thermal printers are inexpensive and quiet. They are usually small and printed on a strip of paper a few centimeters wide. They are commonly used in supermarkets and stores to print bills. Their main disadvantage is that the print will fade over time and may disappear from overheating.
Gitfos thermal printer
The typical method of operation for a thermal printer is to retract the paper from its normal guillotine or tear-off position at the start of reception so that the beginning of the page is below the thermal head. To avoid having a driver for each element, the printhead can be electrically divided into sections for printing in a matrix. Data is latched into a part and printer within 1 to 2.5 milliseconds. When printing all parts of a line, the paper advances 1/3.85mm for a standard line or 1/7.7mm for a fine line.
A standard line can be achieved by printing 2 identical high-resolution lines. At a temperature of about 90°C on the paper, the required printing energy is about 1/4mJ per black dot. Print times per line are typically between 5ms and 20ms, automatically compensating for ambient and printhead temperature by varying supply voltage or print pulse time.
Therefore, thermal printers have extremely fast printing speed and printing stability. | <urn:uuid:56b93064-36d2-4be3-9606-99eb82adefa3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://gitfos.com/blogs/news/180mm-s-thermal-printer-gitfos | 2024-10-15T00:01:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.931276 | 341 | 3.390625 | 3 |
India is the world's third largest energy consumer, and a considerable portion of its needs are fulfilled by oil, which is by and large, imported. By 2050, India's proportion of global energy consumption is expected to double. Rising energy consumption and a large reliance on imports pose substantial concerns for energy security. It also causes a significant outflow of foreign currency. Furthermore, excessive usage of fossil fuels increases carbon emissions and raises health issues. Domestically produced ethanol has the potential to reduce dependence on oil imports by mixing it with traditional fossil fuels for use.
Ethanol is a renewable fuel made from starch rich grains like corn, rice, sugarcane, maize, barley, and other plant materials. Ethanol use is widespread and is critical for establishing energy security and transitioning to a dynamic low-carbon economy. The most common blend of ethanol is E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline). Ethanol is also available as a high-level ethanol blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol, depending on geography and season, for use in flexible fuel vehicles. | <urn:uuid:94ea0486-3ddd-4f2d-8adc-d69a97756e79> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://greenativepetrochem.co.in/product.html | 2024-10-15T00:56:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.953919 | 215 | 3.125 | 3 |
Osteogenesis Imperfecta or OI, also known as brittle bones disease, is a genetic bone disorder. Though it can be detected even before birth, signs and symptoms are not always found at birth. It is an extremely rare condition that causes a mutation in the gene that produces the protein collagen. Collagen in a building block of bones.
There are different types o OI. OI affects both men and women and all ethnicities. Severity of the disease depends on the type and symptoms can range from mild to severe. OI can cause there to be not enough collagen in the body or the collagen doesn’t work right, causing easily broken bones or misshapen bones. OI can be inherited by a parent, but the mutation can also happen in early pregnancy.
Types of OI
There are 8 different types of Osteogenesis imperfecta. The type is dependent on the type of inheritance and the symptoms.
Type I is the mildest and most common form of Osteogenesis imperfecta. The collagen is normal, but there isn’t enough of it. Bones can break easily. Bones though are shaped normally. Fractures happen less after puberty. Hearing loss can happen in adulthood. Whites of the eyes may look blue.
Type II is the most severe. Collagen is not formed normally. This can cause difficulty breathing, or the child’s lungs to be underdeveloped. A child may have short arms, short legs, small chest, and soft skull. With this type a baby when born may be born with fractured bones. A child may be born with low birth weight. Since this type is the most severe, children born with it usually don’t last long and die within days or a week of being born.
Type III is the most severe in children who don’t die as newborns. Children with type III may live up till age 10. Collagen doesn’t form normally. Babies may be born with broken bones. Bones break more easily, and may start breaking more often once children start crawling, or walking. Children with type III may be shorter than other children their age. Breathing problems, hearing loss, and brittle teeth may also be symptoms of type III. Type III may cause severe physical disabilities.
Type IV symptoms can range between mild to severe. Type IV can be diagnosed at birth, but may not present signs until the child starts crawling or walking. Fractures happen more regularly when crawling and walking start. Collagen doesn’t form normally. Bones may be abnormally shaped and don’t grow normal.
Type V is similar to type IV. Type VI is very rare and is similar to type IV. Type VII has symptoms similar to type IV or II. Type VIII is like type II or III.
Symptoms vary greatly between type and severity. Some of the general symptoms that are found across multiple different types are easily broken bones, bone deformities, barrel-shaped chest, curved spine, triangle shaped face, loose joints, muscle weakness and skin easily bruised.
Osteogenesis imperfecta can be diagnosed before birth. OI may be difficult to diagnose in a baby though there are ways for you to even notice the condition while still in the womb. A prenatal ultrasound may be able to detect unusually shaped bones, or broken bones in the womb. Doing a procedure called an amniocentesis, which is done while the baby is still in utero, can check for genetic markers for Osteogenesis imperfecta.
When your child is young if they are showing symptoms of multiple bone fractures, or bones growing abnormally tests may be done to diagnose OI. This can be done with X-rays, which can show many changes in bone structures, if bones are weak, or deformed. This is also how your doctor will want to verify any actual bone fractures your child may have.
Lab testing can be done to do genetic screening for OI. Though it is a genetic disorder, a parent does not have to have OI, for their child to obtain it.
A DXA or DEXA scan can be done to check for bone softening.
Bone biopsy can check to see if the collagen in the bones is enough or if the body isn’t producing enough.
If your child is diagnosed with OI there will be a care team put into place to give you and your child the best support. This team could include the primary care physician, orthopedic surgeon, physical therapist, occupational therapist, and a pulmonologist. Your child may not require all of these, or there are other doctors your child may need to get the best care they need.
There is no cure for OI. Treatment focuses on quality of life and minimizing symptoms. Treatment may consist of a number of things. Bisphosphonate medicines may be given to your child to help strengthen their bones. These medicines can help prevent fractures. They can be given orally or through an IV.
Treatment will consist of making sure all fractures are cared for appropriately. Rodding may be an option, which is where a metal rod is used to stabilize and prevent bone deformities. Orthopedic treatment such as bracing, splinting, and surgery of different fractures or abnormal bones.
Dental procedures if your child has brittle teeth.
Physical and occupational therapy may be done to help your child learn to perform normal tasks, or to regain strength after a fractured bone. Assistive devices may also be apart of treatment depending on how severe the OI is.
OI can lead to many complications. This could be respiratory infections or pneumonia if their lungs are developed properly. Some children with OI have rib cages that are misshapen which can cause difficulty breathing. Heart problems, and kidney stones are also complications that can occur with OI. Your child could also suffer from hearing loss, eye conditions, vision loss, and hearing loss.
In order to live successfully with OI. It is important to do some things to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Your child will need to achieve and maintain a healthy BMI. This will help decrease extra stress on the joints, and bones. Eat a healthy diet with loads of extra calcium and vitamin D, for a bone healthy diet. Exercise regularly, but safely. Limit alcohol and caffeine and no smoking can all help people with OI live a better life.
Life expectancy depends on the type and severity. With type II children will die soon after birth. Type III may live until they are about age 10. Type IV have a shortened life span but live into adulthood. Type I children have normal lifespans. Of course these all vary per case and per patient. Getting diagnosed, a care team, and proper support can help you manage having a child with Osteogenesis imperfecta.
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Osteogenesis Imperfecta or brittle bone disease may be diagnosed before birth! #HealthSurgeon | <urn:uuid:80ac3e9a-c031-487a-902c-00e2c3af4336> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://healthsurgeon.com/health/osteogenesis-imperfecta-oi-brittle-bones-disease/ | 2024-10-15T00:34:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.928215 | 1,434 | 3.921875 | 4 |
The legend of Savitri has been mentioned in the Adi Parva of the Mahabharata and was narrated by the great sage Markandeya to the Pandavas. When the Pandavas were sent to the forest in exile by the Kauravas, Jayadratha the King of the Sindhu kingdom, who was married to Dushala, the only sister of the Kauravas, was passing through the forest when he came upon Draupadi in her hermitage. The Pandavas had gone out to gather food and had left Draupadi in the care of their priest Dhaumya. Struck by her beauty and grace, Jayadratha approached her and requested her to come away with him. Draupadi was shocked and warned him about her five husbands and their power and strength, but Jayadratha refused to listen. He pushed away the priest and overpowering her, carried her away in his chariot. When the Pandavas returned and heard of her fate, they rushed after Jayadratha, challenged and defeated him and freed Draupadi. When Bhima was about to kill him, Draupadi (some legends state Yudhisthira) intervened as she did not want to hurt Dushala by making her a widow and requested him to be pardoned. Bhima then shaved off Jayadratha’s head in five places and forced him to beg pardon in public. Consequently, when Yudhisthira posed the question to Sage Markandeya if there was any other chaste and pure woman like Draupadi, the great sage then related the story of Savitri. Savitri is considered as one of the Panchakanyas in Indian scriptures who are prayed to and revered by women as an embodiment of purity and chastity.
Birth and Early life
King Aswapati and Queen Malavi were the royal couple of the kingdom of Madra. They had no children and in order to ensure the continuance of his lineage, the King propitiated the Sun God Savitr. Pleased with his prayers, God Savitr appeared before him and granted him the boon of a child. Consequently, the Queen gave birth to a girl whom they named Savitri after the Sun God. Just like the sun, she was born with exceptional qualities and her beauty and purity shone through her in all its glory.
Search for a suitor
It is said that such was her effulgence that when she reached marriageable age, most of the Kings were daunted and unable to bear her blazing splendour, did not approach the King to seek her hand. Her father then asked her to choose a husband of her choice. She agreed and set out on a pilgrimage to choose a suitable husband. After travelling far and wide, she came across Satyavan, who was the son of the blind King Dyumatsena, the King of the Salwas. His scheming kinsmen usurped his kingdom, hence the King was in exile and due to his disability, it was Satyavan, who as a woodcutter was helping the family to eke out an existence in the forest.
Marriage and later life
Savitri decided to marry Satyavan and returned to the kingdom to inform her father. Sage Narada too had arrived at the kingdom at the same time and he dissuaded Savitri from her choice as he had foreseen that her husband was destined to die after a year. Her father too pleaded with her to choose a more suitable husband. However, Savitri was determined to marry only Satyavan. Finally, Sage Narada agreed and blessed her and her father too decided to accept his daughter’s wishes. Savitri and Satyavan were married and Savitri proceeded to the forest along with her husband. She lived a pious life serving her husband and inlaws dutifully.
Date of death
Time passed and the date of death drew near. Three days before the impending date, Savitri took a severe vow of holy fasts and penances and kept hard vigils during the nights. As the doomsday of her life dawned, with fervent prayers and her heart laden with sorrow, she could not bear him out of her sight even for a short while and decided to accompany him to the forest where he usually went everyday to gather fuel and food. She begged Satyavan and his parents to grant her permission to accompany him. They consented and she then set out to the forest along with Satyavan.
Death of Satyavan
In the forest, while cutting wood Satyavan felt dizzy and Savitri immediately fearful and trembling, asked him to rest his head on her lap. Satyavan then placed his head on her lap and passed away. Clasping him to her Savitri sat there in the lonesome forest. Soon the emissaries of the Lord of death arrived to take away the soul of Satyavan. But they found that as long as Savitri sat there with her husband, the zone of blazing splendour surrounding her prevented them from accomplishing their task. They fled back to Lord Yama, the God of death who proceeded to the spot himself.
Lord Yama and Savitri
Lord Yama then approached Savitri and requested her to move away explaining that death was the fate of man and no one could escape it. Yama then drew the soul out and proceeded on his way. Savitri then began to follow Yama. Yama turned back and requested her to desist following him as death was final and she had to accept it. Savitri replied that she was not following him but was following her husband as the love between a loving husband and his faithful wife was eternal and nothing could separate them. When he tried to convince her to turn back, she spoke words of wisdom and hearing her various instances and explanations from the holy scriptures, Yama was pleased and granted her a boon other than sparing the life of her husband.
Savitri wished that her father in law’s eyesight be restored and that he should regain his kingdom. Yama granted her the wish. Then she continued to follow him and Yama asked her if she would follow her husband even if he were to go to hell. Unfazed, Savitri replied that whether hell or heaven she would gladly follow her husband as that was her true Dharma. Yama was pleased with her sincerity and devotion and granted her another boon. She requested sons for her father Ashwapati to carry further his lineage. Yama granted her this boon too, still Savitri continued to follow him. When he asked her to return, she replied that her mind, body and soul were attached to that of her husband and since Yama had got possession of it, she had no choice but to follow him. Yama was pleased with her and granted her another boon. Savitri stated that she be granted sons to continue her lineage. Yama blessed her and then realised that this meant her husband Satyavan needed to be alive. Pleased by her, Yama then granted her desire and her husband came alive once again. Yama praised her that her powerful love had conquered even death and made him powerless against it. He blessed her to lead a happy and virtuous life with her husband.
Love conquers all
Satyavan awakened as if after a deep sleep and both of them returned to his parents where Satyavan’s father, the King, had regained his eyesight. Soon a messenger announced the death of the usurper and thus the King regained his kingdom. As she narrated the story to them they all praised her and joyfully returned to the kingdom to live happily ever after.
Books and Movies
The story of Savitri has been captured on canvas, in books, in plays and movies in various languages. Her story has been encapsulated in Shri Aurobindo’s epic poem Savitri and many operas around the world have been based on her story.
Vata Savitri Vrata or Vata Purnima
This festival is celebrated on the full moon day in the Hindu month of Jyeshta (May – June) in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Gujarat. It is celebrated in honour of Savitri by women who keep a fast for the well being and prosperity of their husbands the whole night and end their fast the next morning by giving food and clothes in charity to holy men in a bamboo basket. The women wear bridal clothes and ornate jewellery and recite prayers and worship a banyan (Vat) tree forming groups they listen to the story of Savitri. They offer holy water to the tree, sprinkle kumkum and tie cotton threads around the trunk of the tree. They perform pratikrama by going seven times around the tree.
Women in Tamil Nadu observe the ‘karadayan nonbu’ during the transition of the Tamil Months Maasi and Panguni in honor of Savitri.
Since time immemorial in the sacred land of Bharat, women have been given great importance as they bring auspiciousness and prosperity on the family, society and thus the nation at large. The story of Savitri who by the power of her character could bring her husband back to life after overcoming many obstacles is inspiring. Such chaste women (Pativrata Stree) have only sacred feelings as their Dharma and their pure heart as their witness. Adhering to truth and righteousness they follow the dictates of their conscience. The scriptures declare that women are, in essence, stronger than men as they are endowed with five powers namely sacrifice, contentment, respect, dignity and prosperity. Great sages and saints state that the land of Bharat owes its glory and greatness to the power and presence of such virtuous women. | <urn:uuid:013cef1c-43af-4ae7-a845-9b32d995922e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://hinduscriptures.com/savitri/ | 2024-10-15T00:01:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.987568 | 2,013 | 2.875 | 3 |
Prior to European settlement, the area now called Windsor was a group of islands surrounded by marshland, which were covered with saltwater at high tide. Through a system of dykes (levies), ditches, and one-way valves called arbiteaux, these marshes were eventually dyked by the Acadian settlers who came to the region about 1680. The dyke land became very fertile farmland.
In 1749, the English began building a system of small garrison forts intended to ‘overawe’ the Acadians and Mi’kmaq. In the summer of 1750, one such fort, Fort Edward, was built on the most prominent island south of the junction of the Ste. Croix and Pisiquid (Avon) rivers. Ten years of guerrilla warfare followed, during which some 1,100 Acadians were deported from the region. Finally, in 1760, the region was opened to English settlement, and the area around the fort, eventually named Windsor, began to develop.
One of the early settlers, William Nesbitt, was granted lands that included a small island just north of the fort and close to the junction of the rivers. Nesbitt Island was in fact a hill surrounded by dyke lands, connected across the marsh land to Windsor by a road called Nesbitt Street. With the coming of the railway, much of the dyke land between Fort Edward and Nesbitt Island became a rail yard. As the site of heavy industries, Nesbitt Island became ‘the other side of the tracks’ both literally and figuratively. Two shipyards were built on its banks followed by a fertilizer mill, tannery, and a cotton factory.
Beginning around 1881, the Windsor Cotton Mill formed and purchased three lots of land on the ‘island.’ A mill was constructed on these lands, completed in 1884. The building was used for bicycle practice while awaiting the delivery of equipment from England. With the arrival of machinery came management and staff, also from England, followed by homes built to accommodate the workers.
The mill was built on marshland, bounded on a combination of stone fill and wood piles, and a high brick smokestack was erected beside the mill. With the construction of the smokestack nearly complete, the construction crew went home for the weekend. When they came back on Monday, they observed that the chimney had acquired a significant tilt. It was supposed to be built higher, so the workers had two choices: demolish and rebuild it or cap the chimney once finished and see what would happen in the future. The workers chose the latter and hung a plumb line over the side to check for further tilting. For years, the plumb line indicated no movement, and, thus, the ‘Leaning Tower of Windsor’ became a local landmark. After standing at a lean for 100 years, the chimney was torn down in 1998.
In 1891, the mill was sold to the Dominion Cotton Company for $100,000 ($50,000 cash plus bonds). The mill was closed around 1908 due to consolidation of the industry in Ontario and Quebec. It then sat vacant for several years.
Over in Pictou County, the Nova Scotia Underwear Company, owned by Eureka Woolen Manufacturer, was destroyed by fire in 1915. The Windsor Town Council saw this as an opportunity to attract a new industry to town. They succeeded by providing the company a remission on their taxes and a cash bonus of $5,000 over a five-year period. In 1916, the Nova Scotia Underwear company took over the vacant Dominion Cotton mill. Many of the employees from Eureka, including several young women, moved to Windsor to work in the new mill. The company built a large boarding house for the women called Eureka Hall. In 1921, the company was restructured and renamed Nova Scotia Textiles.
Over the years, other industries on the Mill Island came and went. The shipbuilding companies closed with the end of the era of wooden ships, the tannery shut down, and in the mid 1900s, the fertilizer plant ceased operation. Throughout its the period, ‘the mill’ faced many challenges but pressed on. Finally, it became a victim of free trade and foreign competition. In 1990, it lost a long-standing contract from Roots Canada, and then, oddly enough, the Iraq war put the final nail in the coffin. The mill had a contract with a company called Morning Pride, based in Dayton, Ohio, that specialized in protective wear for firefighters called Morning Pride jackets. But a shortage of fireproof material called Nomex during the Iraq war meant the mill’s only profitable contract was now impossible to complete. The mill closed its doors for good in 2005. | <urn:uuid:c1d7f9c5-3df3-49fd-847f-c473e6d4b9c6> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://historicnovascotia.ca/items/show/221 | 2024-10-15T00:39:48Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.98085 | 991 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Achyuta Raya Temple is one of the most astonishing temples in Hampi which is located between the Gandhamadana and Matanga Hills. This temple is also considered among one of the last temples which were constructed in Hampi prior to the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire. This magnificent temple depicts the architectural style of the Vijayanagara craftmanship in the most improved form.
History of Achyuta Raya Temple
The Achyuta Raya temple was been built in 1534 AD during the rule of the emperor Achyuta Deva Raya. The emperor had come to power at the time by succeeding his brother Krishna Deva Raya.
The temple is devoted to Lord Tiruvegalanatha who was a configuration of Lord Vishnu. While most parts of the temple and its surrounding structures are in ruins the temple has still managed to withstand much of the ravages of time, weather, and colonization, and even today its magnificence and grandiosity are undeniable.
Architecture Of Achyuta Raya Temple
The temple consists of a sabhamandapa, garbhagriha, mahasabhamandapa, antarala, kalyana mandapa, shrines, etc. All of these are enclosed in two prakaras one within another. The main principle shrine of the temple is located in the center of a pair of rectangular concentric enclosures. The sculptures of this temple exhibit great workmanship. The bass-reliefs of a combination of bull and elephant drive our attention.
The pillars, in general, are neatly executed with beautifully carved sculptures of gods and goddesses. Also In front of the temples complex are some pillared mandapas, which had markets, or bazaars where traders used to sell pearls and other precious stones. A lot of foreign travelers have graphically described this pearl bazaar of the type which didn’t exist anywhere in the world except Hampi which is considered as the glory of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Inner Sanctum’s view
Spellbound Carvings On The Wall
Things Tourists Need To Know
Timing: From 5:30 AM – 1:00 PM and from 5:30 PM – 9:00 PM
Entry Fee: No entry fee required
Pets are not allowed
Appropriate Dress Code is Compulsory
Photography is allowed
Visit Duration: About 2 hours
Zeen is a next generation WordPress theme. It’s powerful, beautifully designed and comes with everything you need to engage your visitors and increase conversions. | <urn:uuid:ed8b8c32-773a-4cc9-b5d6-a1247ccb62d9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://hospet.online/achyuta-raya-temple-magnificent-temple-of-hampi/ | 2024-10-14T23:39:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.95745 | 531 | 2.625 | 3 |
As the incidence of cancer in pregnancy has been increasing in recent decades, more specialists are confronted with a complex oncologic–obstetric decision-making process. With the establishment of (inter)national registries, including the International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy, and an increasing number of smaller cohort studies, more evidence on the management of cancer during pregnancy is available. As fetal, neonatal, and short-term pediatric outcomes after cancer treatment are reassuring, more women receive treatment during pregnancy. Prenatal treatment should adhere to standard treatment as much as possible to optimize maternal prognosis, always taking into account fetal well-being. In order to guarantee the optimal treatment for both mother and child, a multidisciplinary team of specialists with expertise should be involved. Apart from oncologic treatment, a well-considered obstetric and perinatal management plan discussed with the future parents is crucial. Results of non-invasive prenatal testing are inconclusive in women with cancer and alternatives for prenatal anomaly screening should be used. Especially in women treated with chemotherapy, serial ultrasounds are strongly recommended to follow-up fetal growth and cervical length. After birth, a neonatal assessment allows the identification of any cancer or treatment-related adverse events. In addition, placental histologic examination aims to assess the fetal risk of metastasis, especially in women with malignant melanoma or metastatic disease. Breastfeeding is discouraged when systemic treatment needs to be continued after birth. At least a 3-week interval between the last treatment and nursing is recommended to prevent any treatment-induced neonatal effects from most non-platinum chemotherapeutic agents.
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Statistics from Altmetric.com
Approximately 1 in 2000 pregnancies is complicated by cancer and the incidence has been increasing in recent decades.1 In countries where women still tend to postpone childbirth to a later age for socioeconomic reasons, the incidence of cancer in pregnancy will continue to increase. The implementation of non-invasive prenatal testing, which has the ability to detect preclinical cancer, is expected to further contribute to this increase.2 Breast cancer, cervical cancer, and melanoma are the most frequently occurring cancers in pregnancy.3
Oncologic management during pregnancy should be multidisciplinary; however, this continues to be a challenge. If there is a desire to preserve the pregnancy, specialists need to weigh maternal and fetal well-being and opt for the optimal oncologic treatment without significantly endangering fetal and maternal safety. In general, oncologic treatment in pregnancy should adhere to treatments used for non-pregnant patients as much as possible to conserve maternal prognosis. Besides surgery, systemic treatment, if compatible with pregnancy, plays an important role in antenatal oncologic treatment. Termination of pregnancy can be considered in the case of an aggressive or advanced-stage cancer in early pregnancy. Preterm induction of delivery in order to start oncologic treatment should be avoided where possible because of long-term morbidities of preterm children.4
As awareness about this complex coincidence has been increasing, research has expanded to large-scale registries.5 Overall, obstetric outcome has improved in the recent decades, with fewer terminations of pregnancy and fewer preterm deliveries.5 Changes in obstetric management have been driven by an increased knowledge of cancer in pregnancy and an overall tendency to reduce medicalization. A recent Italian monocentric study has observed a trend towards fewer elective cesareans in the last decade.6 This was accompanied by an increasing percentage of inductions of labor, mainly on account of the need to start or continue chemotherapy treatment.6 Neonatal outcome in terms of cognitive and cardiac development in the first 6 years after chemotherapy exposure is not significantly affected in comparison with children in the general population.4 7 Certain precautions are required as chemotherapy during pregnancy is associated with fetal growth impairment and, when administered early in pregnancy, congenital malformations.5
Current research has mainly focused on the feasibility and safety of oncologic treatment in women with cancer. However, reports with an obstetric point of view on this topic are scarce. Here, we describe the different aspects of obstetric and perinatal management of women with cancer and discuss fetal and neonatal effects of cancer diagnostics and treatment.
Effects of Diagnostics on the Developing Fetus
Ionizing diagnostic imaging should be minimized during pregnancy due to the teratogenicity of radiation.8 Although commonly used doses are often much lower than the threshold for dose-dependent side effects of ionizing radiation (deterministic effects), exposures above this threshold have been associated with fetal death, mental retardation, malformations, and growth disturbances.9 The risk of stochastic carcinogenic effects of radiation depends on the gestational age during imaging and have been shown to rise with increasing dose. It is recommended that only examinations with a potential effect on the oncologic management are performed. The cumulative fetal dose of radiation should not exceed 100 mGy.8 The lifetime attributed cancer incidence for a radiation dose of 50 mGy is roughly estimated at 2% if the fetus is exposed after 15 weeks of gestation, but accurate quantification is impossible.10 In recent decades, ionizing techniques have improved and fetal radiation doses have declined. Fetal radiation exposure should be discussed with an expert radiologist and a medical physicist should conduct an a priori estimation of the fetal dose level for each pregnant individual.
Non-ionizing imaging procedures, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are safe techniques for staging in pregnant patients. As the fetal effects are unclear, it is recommended to administer gadolinium, a MRI contrast product, with caution to pregnant patients, outweighing the diagnostic benefit and potential fetal risks.11
In non-pregnant patients, fluorine-18-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) is a valuable tool for the detection and staging of different types of cancers (especially hematologic cancers and higher stages of breast cancers). However, 18FDG-PET/CT should be avoided during pregnancy because of the high dose of radiation exposure to the fetus (up to 50 mGy).12 Whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI has shown to be feasible in the detection of primary lesions and nodal and distant metastasis in women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy. Furthermore, it can be used as a screening tool for underlying malignancy in the case of an aberrant non-invasive prenatal testing.2 13 Since there are no fetal adverse effects known, this non-ionizing imaging technique can be used safely. If indicated, pineapple juice can be used as an oral negative contrast agent for imaging optimization of the abdomen without harming the fetus.14
Single-day protocols for sentinel node procedures are considered safe during pregnancy.15 Radiopharmaceuticals can be used for these procedures when administered at low doses, not exceeding a fetal exposure of 5 mGy.16 The lowest possible dose of technetium can be locally injected 2 hours prior to the procedure. In such cases, approximately 90% of the technetium will be collected in the sentinel node, resulting in low systemic exposure and minimal fetal risk. Indocyanide green, a near-infrared imaging probe known for its accurate sentinel node detection and very limited placental transfer, is also widely used in pregnant patients.17 18 The use of blue dye for the detection of a sentinel node should be avoided since there is a small risk of an anaphylactic reaction (0.1%).19
Cancer Treatment in Pregnancy
Surgery can be performed whenever indicated, irrespective of gestational age (Figure 1).20 Interventions are preferably performed in the (early) second trimester, minimizing the risk of spontaneous abortion. Morbidity and pregnancy complications, such as preterm delivery and fetal distress, are more common in major abdominal and pelvic procedures due to an enlarging uterus with increased pelvic blood supply.20 Identical to non-cancer pregnant patients, inferior vena cava compression by the gravid uterus should be reduced by placing the patient in the left-lateral tilt position from 20 weeks of gestation onwards. Tocolytics during surgery should not be given unless uterine contractions are noted. If uterine manipulation is inevitable, post-operative administration of tocolytics can be considered for 48 hours in the late second trimester (when oxytocin receptors are present) and the third trimester of pregnancy.21
Laparoscopic interventions result in fewer adverse fetal and maternal events compared with laparotomy and should be chosen over open procedures when oncologically safe and if performed by an experienced surgeon, with limited operation time (90–120 min) and low intra-abdominal pressure (10–13 mmHg).21 22 An open entry reduces the risk of uterine perforation with a Veress needle. Pelvic lymphadenectomy can be performed until 22 weeks of gestation, both by laparotomy or laparoscopy.21 Later in pregnancy, the size of the uterus impedes the possibility of a complete pelvic lymph node dissection and should be avoided.
Gestational physiologic changes call for an adapted anesthesiologic approach, with extra safety surveillance to keep blood pressure and maternal oxygenation as stable as possible. If the fetus is viable (24 weeks of gestation or later, depending on local hospital policies), active management including intra-operative fetal cardiotocography monitoring and lung maturation should be discussed with the parents. Post-operative adequate pain control is important, as is intravenous hydration and thromboprophylaxis until the patient is ambulatory.
There are a number of factors that need to be taken into account before systemic therapy during pregnancy is administered, including physiologic changes in pregnancy, gestational age, placental passage, and the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the given drug. Physiologic changes may affect the exposure and efficacy of systemic treatments by influencing their pharmacokinetics with respect to distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.
Transplacental transfer of chemotherapeutic drugs occurs by passive diffusion and is therefore based on the drug-specific molecular size, lipid solubility, protein binding, and ionization. Since most chemotherapeutic drugs have a low molecular weight and are uncharged and unbound, they can easily cross the human placenta. In baboons, fetal to maternal drug passage ranged from none for docetaxel up to a maximum concentration ratio of 0.58 for carboplatin.23 24
Short-term outcomes of children exposed to chemotherapy in utero are generally reassuring; however, long-term outcomes (>6 years) are unknown and the use of many targeted and hormonal therapies should be discouraged until more information on fetal safety is available.
Chemotherapy must be avoided in the first trimester of pregnancy to avoid interference with organogenesis (Figure 1). After 12–14 weeks of gestation, administration of most cytotoxic drugs is feasible and considered relatively safe.25 Standard chemotherapy regimens and doses are preferred using the actual maternal weight during pregnancy. After 35 weeks of gestation chemotherapy is usually discouraged to allow a certain window with regard to the administration scheme for maternal and fetal bone marrow recovery between the last cycle of chemotherapy and delivery. The latter should ideally be planned allowing timely resumption of postpartum chemotherapy if indicated.
Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy
There are limited preclinical and clinical data on the use of targeted therapy in humans.26 Targeted therapy is a collective of drugs with different mechanisms of action and characteristics with implications for their use in pregnancy. First, placental passage depends on the class of drugs and their size: large molecules, for example, monoclonal antibodies (such as trastuzumab, rituximab), require an active transport via the placenta, which is present starting from the 14th week of gestation. In contrast, small molecules, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, can cross the placenta throughout the whole pregnancy. Targeted therapy is aimed at specific tumor-related features, some of which also play integral physiologic roles in fetal development. Consequently, these therapies may lead to an increased risk of fetal morbidity and pregnancy complications, depending on their role in fetal development.
Lambertini et al26 have published a comprehensive review on targeted therapy during pregnancy. For the treatment of B cell malignancies, rituximab is essential, and although it seems to be teratogenic during the first trimester,27 it may be used with caution in the second and third trimesters, while paying attention to neonatal lymphocytopenia.26 Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the management of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, crosses the placenta and should not be administered during the first trimester. It has been shown to cause malformations when administered during the first trimester in pregnant women, but appears to be safe during the second and third trimesters.26 Angiogenesis inhibitors are teratogenic and have been shown to induce pregnancy loss, skeletal retardations, and fetal growth restriction in animal models due to the crucial role of angiogenesis in the normal development of the placenta and the fetus. Thus, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and other anti-angiogenic drugs are contraindicated during pregnancy. HER-2-targeted therapy trastuzumab, commonly used for treating HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer, is associated with severe oligo-/anhydramnios and subsequent neonatal respiratory failure due to lung hypoplasia when administered in the second or third trimester, probably due to blockage of the epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expressed in the fetal kidney.28 The use of trastuzumab is often delayed until after delivery. Regarding immunotherapy, PD1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 interactions appear to play key roles in maintaining normal fetal tolerance; not surprisingly, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD1/PD-L1 agents have been shown to increase the rate of spontaneous abortions in animals.29 However, there are a few case reports of pregnant melanoma patients being treated during the first trimester without miscarriage.30 31 Based on the limited evidence available, the use of targeted therapies commonly administered for the treatment of cancer is not supported during pregnancy and should ideally be postponed until after delivery, except for rituximab and imatinib which may be given in the second and third trimesters (Figure 1). Nevertheless, accidental short-term exposure to biologic agents during the first trimester does not justify termination of pregnancy per se.
Supportive medication as part of systemic treatment is considered safe for a number of drugs. Anti-emetics may be administered during pregnancy, including metoclopramide and serotonin receptor antagonists,32 but safety has not been determined for neurokinin 1 inhibitors.33 Use of betamethasone or dexamethasone as premedication is discouraged due to almost 100% placental passage to the fetus, and these are better replaced by steroids that are metabolized in the placenta including methylprednisolone, prednisolone, or hydrocortisone. There is ongoing debate about the use of growth factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor and erythropoietin, although the former has been shown to be safe during pregnancy, permitting dose-dense schedules.34
On account of high fetal radiation dosages and severe or lethal consequences to the fetus, pelvic irradiation should never be performed intentionally during pregnancy (Figure 1).9 Generally, radiotherapy for non-pelvic cancers is limited to the first trimester, when the uterus is still at a distance from the irradiation field. The total dose of fetal irradiation comprises a combination of internal scatter, leakage radiation, and external scatter. The internal scatter depends on the source of irradiation and the proximity to the fetus.9
Since the impact of irradiation on the fetus depends on gestational age and radiation dose, careful planning in agreement with the patient is essential.9 Maternal and fetal consequences of treatment options with and without radiation should be carefully discussed with both the patient and their partner. Using a phantom model, it is recommended that a physicist calculates the fetal radiation dose, and modifications to the treatment plan such as changing the field size, angle, and radiation energy should be considered where possible.
Obstetric and Perinatal Management
Planning obstetric and perinatal management in women with cancer involves close collaboration between oncologic and obstetric disciplines because of all the different aspects that need to be taken into account (Figure 2). Pregnancy dating should be done early in gestation to permit accurate estimation of gestational age at diagnosis and treatment.
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
Non-invasive prenatal testing is a widely used method to screen for common fetal aneuploidies, primarily designed for trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), and trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome). Non-invasive prenatal testing analyzes circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments in the blood of pregnant women. A small proportion of these fragments (10%–15% between 10 and 20 weeks of gestation) originates from placental cells, and hence represents fetal DNA; but as the majority of cfDNA is of maternal origin, it may also detect maternal chromosomal abnormalities (Figure 3).35 Occult maternal malignancies have been identified as an incidental finding following a deviating non-invasive prenatal testing result not being consistent with the fetal genetic constitution.36 As the use of non-invasive prenatal testing is increasingly being expanded to low-risk pregnancies – in some countries it is even offered as a first-tier test to all pregnant women – and its scope is being broadened beyond aneuploidy screening, more discordant results are expected to be identified. When a non-invasive prenatal testing result is suggestive of a maternal cancer, the result should be confirmed by a second non-invasive prenatal test and comparison of the result with the chromosomal profile in maternal tissue.2 A multidisciplinary team of specialists is advised to be involved in the diagnostic workup and adequate counseling of the pregnant woman throughout the process.37 As a consequence, non-invasive prenatal testing in women with a known cancer diagnosis is non-informative and alternative prenatal screening testing should be offered.38
Available large case series reveal that neonates prenatally exposed to chemotherapy are at risk of being born small for gestational age, defined as a customized birth weight percentile below 10.5 Besides constitutionally small neonates, explained by inherited factors, this definition also incorporates fetuses that did not reach their growth potential and are pathologically growth-restricted. In the pregnant cancer population, risk factors for impaired fetal growth such as maternal age, cancer (especially hematologic cancers), poor general health, malnutrition, and treatment-related stress are common. Whether the chosen regimen of cytotoxic drugs during pregnancy affects the neonatal growth potential is uncertain. Growth-restricted neonates are at risk for adverse outcomes in the short and long term.39 In order to detect fetal growth restriction, 2-weekly prenatal ultrasound to monitor fetal growth and amount of amniotic fluid during the course of antenatal chemotherapy is recommended.21 This prenatal information will inform obstetricians on fetal well-being and enable them to intervene at signs of fetal compromise. A cardiotocogram can provide additional information. Because chemotherapy, especially platinum and non-platinum alkylating agents, is associated with preterm contractions and delivery,5 expert advice includes regular cervical length monitoring (2–4-weekly) in every pregnant patient receiving antenatal chemotherapy.21 Theoretically, preterm labor might be explained by stress-related activation of the maternal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis or chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in fetal membranes causing preterm membrane rupturing. Physicians should be aware of preterm contractions following chemotherapy with a low threshold for admission for observation and administration of intravenous fluids and tocolytics.
Delivery in oncologic patients is usually planned in order to minimize the treatment-free interval and not impair maternal outcome. Whenever possible, delivery should be planned after 37 weeks of gestation in order to avoid prematurity-related neonatal complications and long-term impairment.4 Cesarean section rate in pregnant cancer patients is observed to be over 30%, which is higher compared with the reported worldwide rate of 21%.40 This higher rate is partly explained by the high proportion of preterm deliveries and the desire for a planned and controlled delivery in oncologic patients that are subject to psychologic stress and physical exhaustion. Unless obstetrically contraindicated, a vaginal delivery is desired with fewer neonatal and maternal complications. Vaginal delivery is contraindicated for most cervical and vulvar cancers because of the potential for implantation of cancer cells in the vaginal tear/episiotomy site.21
Delivery within 3 weeks of chemotherapy regimens, or shorter intervals in cases of 2-weekly or weekly schemes, should be avoided. This safety window allows time for the placenta to metabolize the chemotherapy (especially important for the preterm infant) and for resolution of any myelosuppression on the part of mother and fetus. A report on 49 neonates prenatally exposed to chemotherapy within 4 weeks of birth reported a 33% incidence of transient neutropenia41; La Nasa et al reported a 20% incidence of neutropenia at birth in neonates delivered 22–28 days after chemotherapy.42 In contrast, 3/54 neonates (5.5%) prenatally exposed to chemotherapy more than 4 weeks before delivery were born with neutropenia. A neonatal blood test after birth should identify risks for nosocomial infections.
Reliable incidence rates of metastatic involvement of the placenta in women with cancer are lacking, as routine histologic detection of placental metastasis is not always performed. Based on approximately 100 published cases, placental metastasis is rare, but may occur in women with malignant melanoma and metastatic disease of any cancer type.43 Although even rarer, it is often the only indication for early detection of neonatal metastasis (17% in the group of placental involvement).44 Neonatal/fetal metastases have been found mainly in patients with melanoma, and incidentally in lung cancer and leukemia. Placental metastases are mainly located in the intervillous space and to a lesser extent in the villi, probably due to the placental barrier protecting the fetus from hazardous substances in the maternal circulation. Although based on limited evidence, only villous involvement has been described in association with neonatal metastasis. To this end, histologic examination of the placenta is crucial and recommended for the detection of microscopic placental metastasis and the identification of potential fetal involvement, especially in women with melanoma or with advanced disease.
As mentioned earlier, fetal growth restriction is a well-known obstetric complication in pregnancies complicated by cancer.5 Uteroplacental vascular insufficiency and the subsequent impact on placental development accounts for the majority of fetal growth restriction in the non-cancer population.45 A direct damaging effect of chemotherapy to the placenta has not been identified yet, but is strongly suspected, as placental weight is significantly lower after maternal chemotherapy treatment.46 Placental examination in women with cancer, especially those with fetal growth restriction, will provide more insight into cancer treatment-induced placental effects and may influence treatment choice and obstetric management in the future.
Because of both short- and long-term health benefits, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that infants are exclusively breastfed to 6 months of age, with breastfeeding continuing to be an important part of the diet up to 2 years.47 For pregnant cancer patients breastfeeding is often highly desired for emotional bonding and as a healthy compensation after prenatal exposure to cancer treatment. However, in clinical practice nursing is discouraged when cytotoxic treatment continues after delivery. Chemotherapy is able to pass into human milk, and although the oral bioavailability is low, case reports have described neutropenia in infants that were breastfed during cancer treatment.48 A safety period of 3 weeks between the last administration of most non-platinum chemotherapeutic agents and nursing is strongly recommended. For platinum derivates, the long half-life is a concern, and a case has been described with detectable platinum levels in breast milk more than 3 weeks after last exposure.49 Moreover, both chemotherapy and cancer itself might negatively affect the bacterial and metabolic composition of human milk.50 Cancer patients that received chemotherapy report reduced milk production and more difficulties with breastfeeding compared with untreated patients, possibly explained by lobular atrophy with fibrosis of breast tissue following chemotherapy exposure.51 For breast cancer patients reduced milk production should be expected from the affected breast after breast conservation therapy. Breastfeeding is not recommended in women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer due to the necessity of adjuvant endocrine therapy.52 Cancer patients that consider breastfeeding should be counseled about the risks of low milk production, breast infections, and the hampering of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in cases of breast cancer because of breast engorgement.
Neonatal and Pediatric Management
Children of mothers with cancer during pregnancy require an individualized approach to postnatal care. The different aspects of neonatal and pediatric care depend on the type of cancer, type of treatment exposure in utero, and the timing thereof. Whether every neonate, independent of treatment exposure, should be examined by a neonatologist or pediatrician is based on local protocols. A neonatal complete blood count test is strongly advised to identify myelosuppression, especially if the last chemotherapy cycle was given less than 3 weeks before delivery. In cases with placental metastasis or a suspicion of neonatal metastasis, a thorough physical examination, additional liver panel, abdominal ultrasound, and thorough skin examination in cases of melanoma, should be performed to detect any neonatal disease. Because of anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity in childhood cancer survivors,53 a cardiotoxicity screening including echocardiography is recommended for children exposed to anthracyclines in utero. Children exposed to platinum-based chemotherapeutics should be screened for auditory dysfunction using otoacoustic emissions until the age of 5 years, followed by audiometry at later ages.21 Additionally, on indication, a consultation with a physiotherapist for developmental follow-up and a geneticist for screening of genetic predisposition to cancer could be offered. The frequency of further visits depends on the existence of fetal metastasis or abnormalities found during the initial visits and examinations.
Obstetric, Fetal, and Pediatric Outcome After Oncologic Treatment
Obstetric and Fetal Outcome
No studies have shown an improved maternal survival with termination of pregnancy; control groups are often lacking and stage of disease is not consistently reported limiting the ability to compare severity of disease between women continuing versus terminating a pregnancy. Termination can be considered in cases of aggressive or advanced cancer in early pregnancy.
It is well established that cytotoxic drugs should be initiated after the vulnerable period of organogenesis, and exposure to chemotherapy during the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with a congenital malformation rate of 10%–20%. Overall, reported rates of minor and major birth defects in population-based studies as well as cohort studies in the pregnant cancer population are similar to what is expected in the general population.5
Chemotherapy crosses the placenta and can impact fetal growth, as suggested by several large cohort studies that report a high incidence of small-for-gestational-age or fetal growth restriction, up to 21%, in the pregnant cancer population.5 The background incidence of fetal growth restriction varies according to the population, geographic location, and standard growth curves used as reference. In general, 4%–8% of all infants born in developed countries are classified as growth-restricted.54 Of note, the underlying maternal disease, cytotoxic treatment during pregnancy, cachexia, cancer-related psychologic stress, and malnutrition are important co-factors in the incidence of fetal growth restriction in pregnancies complicated by maternal cancer (Figure 4). The highest rates of small-for-gestational-age are reported in hematologic and gastrointestinal cancers.5 For chemotherapy, de Haan et al reported the highest odds ratio for fetal growth restriction with platinum agents (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.45 to 6.70) and taxanes (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.86).
Preterm birth is common, both iatrogenic because of oncologic treatment planning and spontaneous following chemotherapy-provoked preterm contractions. Due to the long-term morbidities for preterm children, avoiding iatrogenic elective preterm births is recommended whenever possible.55
Bone marrow toxicity can occur in neonates prenatally exposed to chemotherapy and fetal anemia, secondary to cancer or treatment, can also be detected during pregnancy by Doppler studies.56 The combination of poor maternal general health, pancytopenia, systemic illness, oncology-related stress, and cytotoxic drugs might endanger the fetus and the placental function leading to increased risk of intrauterine fetal death, especially in patients with acute leukemia in which intrauterine fetal death is more common compared with other cancers.
Large cohort studies comparing patients that received chemotherapy during pregnancy and patients with a deferral of treatment until after delivery revealed an overall obstetric complication rate of 13%–21%.57 58 Premature preterm rupture of membranes and preterm delivery occurred more frequently in the exposed group. Several large population-based studies comparing obstetric outcomes between patients with pregnancy-associated cancer and patients without a cancer diagnosis have been published.59 Maternal infections, hypertension, venous-thrombotic events, and postpartum blood transfusions appear to be more common in the pregnant cancer population.40 On account of the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy, low molecular weight heparins during pregnancy and, more importantly, until 6 weeks after delivery should be considered.
Amant et al4 reported on 129 children (median age 22 months) exposed to chemotherapy in utero that showed no significant difference in cognitive outcome and development compared with healthy controls, matched by gestational age at delivery and test age. No significant differences were noted in cognitive skills, academic achievement, or behavioral competence between 35 chemotherapy-exposed children (mean age at evaluation 4.5±3.1 years) and 22 children (4.9±2.6 years) of women with cancer who did not receive chemotherapy prior to delivery.60 Normal educational performance was also reported by Aviles et al reporting on 84 children exposed to chemotherapy in utero for maternal hematologic cancer (mean follow-up 18.7 (range 6–29) years).61 All children had adequate neurologic and psychologic evaluations. These studies found no adverse effects of chemotherapy on postnatal cognitive function.4 61 A recent study of 132 children born to women with cancer, of whom 97 were exposed to chemotherapy, showed normal development at the age of 6 years.7 Subtle differences between these children and matched healthy controls were found in verbal intelligence in favor of the latter. Interestingly, in a post hoc analysis, the difference in verbal intelligence was more distinct in the group of children who lost their mother to cancer. Hence, detection of verbal development delays and early psychosocial stimulation to prevent underdevelopment could be considered. In a group of 21 newborns exposed to anthracycline/cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy in utero, no differences in fetal brain growth were found compared with a group of healthy controls.62
The child of a pregnant cancer patient is usually exposed to multiple anticancer drugs, complicating the interpretation of the possible effects of a single drug on their long-term outcome. As previously mentioned, the administration of anthracyclines during childhood is known to cause short- and long-term cardiotoxic effects.53 Available cohort studies of children prenatally exposed to chemotherapy are relatively small and represent a maximum follow-up of 20 years. Electrocardiographic results are reassuring.55
In childhood cancer survivors, overall hearing loss is seen in up to 48% of children exposed to platinum-based agents, with age being the most important negatively associated risk factor.63 In particular, cisplatin is highly associated with ototoxicity. Hearing loss following cisplatin exposure in utero is also reported,55 64 but factors such as a middle ear infection, the use of aminoglycosides, and neurodevelopmental problems potentially confound this result.
To date, available long-term outcome studies of children exposed to chemotherapy in utero suggest that chemotherapy is not related to insufficient postnatal growth or impaired cognitive or cardiac function. However, data on long-term outcome are scarce and more studies are needed to provide further insight into long-term safety, including the cancer risk and fertility of the offspring. The International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP) will continue their work by evaluating the development of children of women with cancer during pregnancy until the age of 18 years and beyond.
In recent decades, research on the feasibility and safety of oncologic treatment during pregnancy has expanded, resulting in more ongoing pregnancies while treating maternal cancer without delay. As pregnant women with cancer, especially those treated with chemotherapy, face certain obstetric risks, pregnancy monitoring is crucial as is the involvement of perinatologists and neonatologists within a multidisciplinary setting. Moreover, patients and their partners should be supported and encouraged to be actively involved in decision-making regarding oncologic treatment and consequential perinatal decisions. In addition, professional guidance after delivery concerning breastfeeding, physiologic, and psychologic well-being is often highly desired.
The authors thank all patients for their participation in the different International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP) research projects, and medical specialists from the INCIP network (http://cancerinpregnancy.org/), trial nurses, and other people involved for their continuous efforts to broaden the knowledge about management of cancer in pregnancy.
Contributors All authors contributed to the concept, design and writing of the manuscript.
Funding This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 647047, “Kom op tegen Kanker, the Flemish Cancer Society” and the Dutch Cancer Society under grant agreement No. 10 094. Frédéric Amant is also a senior clinical researcher for the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO).
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent for publication Not required.
Provenance and peer review Commissioned; externally peer reviewed. | <urn:uuid:4d1069cc-269e-4d75-9d45-2e8fcc3ba571> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/31/3/314 | 2024-10-14T23:41:26Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.931386 | 7,292 | 2.90625 | 3 |
The slot is the area on an ice hockey rink between the face-off circles. There are two different kinds of slots: the low slot, which is the area right in front of the goaltender and between the two face-off circles, and the high slot, which is the area in the middle of the ice above the face-off circles. In both cases, the slot represents the area where the chances of scoring without a deflection are highest.
Slot-based scheduling is useful for a number of business processes, from planning team meetings to managing projects. This flexible method helps professionals manage multiple deadlines while ensuring consistency in their workflow. It also enables them to assign resources, tools, and schedules to help them meet important business goals. With a slot-based schedule, teams can work in a more efficient way and maximize their productivity.
The word slot is often used to refer to a narrow opening. It is also used to refer to an opening for receiving things, a place within a series, a job, or an assignment. You can also refer to a slot as a trail or a hole. But make sure to check the usage of the word before using it in any context.
A slot is a type of grammatical element in tagmemics. A slot can be any type of morpheme sequence. It can refer to a job opening, an assignment, or an event. For example, a chief copy editor has been in a job slot for 20 years. In the same way, an airport’s authority can authorize slots for flights. | <urn:uuid:0e0cc404-c97f-4f66-8199-040c949d08f2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://imagenesdefutbolconfrasesdeamor.org/what-is-a-slot-22/ | 2024-10-14T23:32:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.965143 | 315 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Anyone with a cursory knowledge of Jews and Judaism should be well aware of the fractured nature of the religion. Some may be able to identify a denomination or two, and the differences between them. Certainly most would recognize the superficial differences between Orthodox, “ultra-Orthodox,” and everyone else.
There are of course many more nuances within each denomination, with a seemingly endless supply of labels to classify each of them. Some Orthodox are “modern” others “yeshivish” and varying shades of “frum.” Not surprisingly, the definitions for these terms are elusive and will vary depending on your background and biases.
There is however one common theme to these distinctions; the labels, camps, and denominations, all reflect differing religious practices and/or ideologies. This of course is not surprising considering that we are discussing sub-groups within a religion. What is notable however, is that within the Orthodox camp, there are fundamentals to which all people allegedly adhere. Specifically, Orthodox Jews tend to believe in the religious authority of the written and oral laws.
Here is where everything breaks down, and again, not surprisingly, the problem is one of conflicting definitions. What is considered part of these canons of Jewish law? Furthermore, assuming one can define these canons, what are the correct, legitimate, and plausible interpretations of these sources? The answers to these questions will most likely determine your religious practice and thus your place in the Orthodox spectrum.
Despite the importance of simply defining halakha, there are few if any coherent and descriptions for how halakha works. There are numerous codes, collections, and letters, but each author is usually working with a different set of assumptions or perspectives – not all of which will be articulated, or even written as an objective model applicable to all Jews at all times.1
The consequence of such ambiguity is that effectively how Halakha is interpreted does change from time to time.2
Furthermore, resolving such issues will inevitably lead one back to the questions of canon and authority. Some would argue that the Halakhic system allows for changes to be made to Jewish law. However, if changes are not regulated somehow, the result could easily be anarchy. Others prefer to restrict any changes by creating a myth of an uninterrupted chain of authentic tradition dating from Moses to contemporary times, ignoring or suppressing any uncomfortable historical data.
There is of course an alternative, and conveniently enough, it is found in the oral law itself.
The oral law does not only contain random acts of jurisprudence, but it also outlines the system of how Jewish law ought to work. It describes the nature of rabbinic authority and the rights and limits of personal freedoms within the law itself. Granted, most Orthodox Jews do not follow this system in practice and some reject it outright and we will deal with the reasons in due time.
However, one could assume that as Orthodox Jews, we would first know how the universally canonical Torah Shebe’al Peh defines Halakha, so that we can intelligently apply Jewish law to our ever changing world. For the sake of efficiency, the next post will focus specifically on the role of custom and the role of Jewish society in determining Jewish law. This will help elucidate not only individual practices, but what role a communal consensus plays in determining Jewish Law. | <urn:uuid:1b223a92-5895-4366-a6c8-df385832fd10> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://joshyuter.com/category/special-features/personal-hashkafa-series/ | 2024-10-15T00:36:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.950556 | 683 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Proper pruning can prolong the life of trees on your property, particularly the deciduous trees. An overcrowded tree that provides a block of shade is actually going to be more vulnerable to high winds. A canopy that’s overcrowded will also stay wet from rain or dew and may be more vulnerable to fungi and bacteria.
Timing Your Pruning
Bring an arborist to your property when your trees are in full leaf. At this time, your arborist can help you review the condition of your trees. It’s important to check the leaves, as signs of disease can first appear on leaves. If leaves are discolored or missing, it’s an indication that that particular branch may be diseased.
In addition to removing diseased branches, your arborist can note which branches may be rubbing against one another. Leaves create a great deal of wind resistance. It’s possible that you may not notice these branches rubbing once the leaves drop since the branches are less likely to catch the wind when bare. Rubbing branches can damage bark and leave the tree vulnerable to pests.
Removing diseased or rubbing branches in the summer is a crucial first step in creating a healthy tree canopy. Because summer pruning can be tough on a tree, it’s best to save necessary but not urgent projects until after the leaves drop.
Dormant Trimming Projects
Once the leaves drop and the temperature cools, your arborist can come in and work on other trimming needs for your healthy canopy. At this time, it may be a good idea to take off bigger branches that are a nuisance, such as those that are low enough to make mowing difficult or those that hang out over buildings.
Work with your arborist to stay aware of diseases and pests that can put your trees at risk. If you’ve noticed stinging insects around a particular tree, it may be time to consider getting the hive moved by a professional. While supporting pollinators is a necessity, some insects can do a great deal of harm to older trees on your property.
By staying ahead of pest infestations, destructive insects, and pathogens, you can enjoy a healthy shade canopy for years to come. Regular monitoring of the trees on your property can also lessen the risk of property damage from falling branches during high winds.
The professionals at L&J Tree Service can revitalize the trees in your Medford, OR yard with trimming and pruning services, so call us today to learn more. | <urn:uuid:0a3ee4bc-c6b3-4c23-9916-412827329fd1> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://landjtreeservice.com/prevention-preparation/an-overcrowded-canopy-can-leave-your-trees-vulnerable-to-storm-damage/ | 2024-10-14T23:48:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.942331 | 522 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Discovery Science Resource Sites for Kids
BBC’s Science & Nature – Hands down, my favorite INTERACTIVE site for exploration learning. There are 3-D Flash “games” which are awesome for visual learners. If you want true hands-on learning using the computer, this site should meet your every need. Assemble a person with the Interactive Body, watch a Flash presentation on the history of man’s understanding of the solar system, or go deep sea diving in the Abyss in the Blue Planet challenge. If you want to EXPLORE Science, this covers everything and is the site to visit!
Discovery School – This is my favorite general site for science related lesson plans. The Discovery School lesson plans have applied standards, so the plans are of consistently high quality. There are activities, resources, interactive elements, and full plans which are easy to search using the Discovery School search engine. You can locate plans by topic or grade-level. I like this site because it is easy to locate what I need, and when I find the information, it is quite usable “as is”.
Scholastic Teacher’s – This learning center contains content in every subject area. This link will take you directly to the Science resources page. Scholastic offers printable plans and worksheets, has links to lots of topic related resources, and activity ideas. While there is a lot of content, you do have to do some searching to find exactly what you need.
Exploratorium – The museum of science, art and human perception online, containing a variety of topics, and types of content. Images, explanations, and activities can be explored by kids and parents can use plans and ideas in the “Educate” section for teaching.
KidsClick! – Offered by the Ramapo Catskill Library System, this site has links to all KINDS of information. While you have to explore to find what you want, there are links to every topic under the sun. The site is created by librarians and organized by topic. This is not specifically a science site, but is an excellent resource for finding sites that are (or sites about anything else you wish to study!)
Be sure to check out our MAIN Science Page for a list of many additional science topics for kids. Each topic page has links to interactive, audio-visual websites and optional resources to help you with your homeschool science. | <urn:uuid:09e7b2ce-e070-4658-8cdf-136f52995827> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://learningabledkids.com/science/discovery.htm | 2024-10-15T00:50:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.931058 | 501 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Electricity is now an important part of our everyday lives. It powers everything from home tools to factory equipment. Even though big steps forward in technology have made energy easier to get, working with electrical systems still takes a lot of special knowledge and skills. This is where electricians come in. Electricians are trained workers who set up, manage, and fix electrical systems. Whether they’re fixing lights that flash, replacing blown fuses, or setting up complicated wiring networks, electricians do a lot of useful work that you can’t do yourself. We’ll talk about some of the reasons why getting an electrician might be the best thing you can do for your electrical needs.
Safety is probably the most important reason to hire an electrician instead of trying to fix your own electrical problems. When you do electrical work, you have to deal with live wires that carry high power. If you don’t handle them properly, these wires can cause serious injuries like burns, shocks, electrocution, or fires. Statistics from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) show that electricity problems cause about 7% of all home fires and kill hundreds of people every year. An experienced electrician knows the risks that come with their job and takes the right steps to make sure that tasks are completed safely. They also have the legal qualifications, licences, and insurance coverage they need to protect themselves, their clients, and their properties from possible dangers. For this reason, hiring licenced electricians for electrical work is a great way to protect your family’s health, keep your home’s value, and avoid expensive legal problems.
Knowledge and technical skills
There is a wide range of difficulty and scope in electrical problems, from small ones like tripping circuit breakers or changing light switches to big ones like installing new circuits, generators, or smart home control systems. To solve these problems, you usually need to be very good at technology, have specific tools, and know how to fix really well. Many problems that seem simple, like lights flashing, could be signs of deeper electrical problems that need to be fixed by qualified electricians. For example, lighting that comes and goes could mean that connections are loose, plugs are broken, or the wiring is wrong. This needs to be checked out by a professional so that your electrical system doesn’t get worse. Electricians go through tough training programmes at recognised schools, through apprenticeships, or in workshops that teach them both real and academic information about different areas of electrical engineering. Because they have so much experience, they can find and fix hidden problems that regular people might miss. This saves time, money, and the stress that comes with trying to fix electricity problems over and over again.
Convenience and effectiveness
One of the best things about choosing an electrician is that they are quick and easy to work with. Electricians are better at getting things done quickly and correctly than other people because they know exactly what needs to be done. They can get high-quality products, resources, and up-to-date tools that help them get things done faster than beginners. They can also give help and suggestions on how to best use energy, improve electrical performance, and lower operating costs. With these kinds of tips, you can get reliable and efficient electricity while also lowering your energy bills. Also, trustworthy electricians usually stick to strict plans and deadlines to work around their customers’ busy lives. You can schedule electrical work for when you’re free, so it doesn’t get in the way of your daily life. Their dependability, speed, and flexibility make customers very happy, which leads to good reviews and word-of-mouth advertising.
Saving money and avoiding mistakes that cost a lot
Some people think that fixing their own electricity problems will save them money, but that’s not true. Professionals who aren’t electrical often make mistakes that hurt more than they help, leading to expensive fixes, replacements, or damage to nearby fixtures. Short circuits, fires, and electric shocks can happen because of bad connections, poor grounding, wrong wire sizing, or bad installs. These are all very serious health and safety risks. Licenced electricians, on the other hand, make sure that every job meets industry standards. This keeps problems from happening in the future and saves money in the long run. Their fair prices and clear payment procedures keep you from being surprised by extra costs and surprises, so you can plan your budget for electrical services properly. Regular checks and tune-ups as part of preventative maintenance also make it less likely that something will break down suddenly, which saves a lot of money over time.
Innovation and caring for the environment
In addition to providing basic electrical services, forward-thinking electricians support environmental protection through “green” projects that protect natural resources. LED lights, solar panels, motion sensors, and programmable heaters are all examples of devices that use less energy and have less of an impact on the environment. These new ideas reduce the amount of energy used, lower power bills, and make things more environmentally friendly without affecting how they work. Electrical workers promote a mindset of duty, innovation, and care for the environment by using methods that are good for the environment. As a conscious shopper, hiring electricians who care about the environment is in line with your values and supports the ideas of sustainable growth, which is good for society as a whole.
In conclusion, hiring electricians for electrical work has many benefits that are not present when you do it yourself. Professional electricians are the best choice for anyone who wants to get great electrical work done because they are safe, skilled, convenient, cost-effective, and good for the environment. It is important to do study and choose licenced electricians with a history of good work and valid credentials to get the best results. Investing in reliable electricians gives you peace of mind, higher output, and safety against unplanned events, letting you use the latest electrical technology to its fullest. | <urn:uuid:2de5b204-7b04-4e4d-84d3-d0a0725a416c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://lgdare.net/property/unmasked-debunking-common-myths-about-electricians-when-amateur-fixes-arent-worth-the-risks/ | 2024-10-14T23:40:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.955753 | 1,232 | 2.921875 | 3 |
To provide quality care for people with life-limiting illnesses and their families you need to be able to respond effectively to their specific needs.
This module: Caring for Aboriginal people with life-limiting illnesses will help you develop the knowledge and skills needed to provide quality care, across various health care settings, to Aboriginal people with life-limiting illnesses and their families.
Aims & objectives
This module is based on the core principles of palliative care and is designed to supplement the learning activities in Module 1: Principles of palliative care.
After completing this module, you should be able to:
- Identify the practice principles of caring for Aboriginal people with life-limiting illnesses
In this module
1. Caring for Aboriginal people with life limiting illnesses
Activity 1: Tom’s story
Activity 2: Engaging with Aboriginal communities in providing palliative care
Activity 3: Acknowledging specific needs
Activity 4: Communication principles when caring for Aboriginal people
Activity 5: Communicating with Tom’s family
Activity 6: Building capacity | <urn:uuid:91020a40-5fa0-43b9-99a6-f4ce25595479> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://limenetwork.net.au/resources-hub/resource-database/caring-for-aboriginal-people-with-life-limiting-conditions/ | 2024-10-14T23:39:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.935874 | 222 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Gratitude Journal for Elementary Students is a great way to help your child be thankful and learn a bit more about gratitude. If you’re looking for a fun way to talk to the kids about the importance of gratitude, this is the perfect way to do just that!
Gratitude is something that can be talked about and done, all year long. Even though we tend to ramp it up a lot over the holidays, there are so many chances throughout each and every day to actually talk about and think about gratitude more.
This Gratitude Journal Printable for kids is a great way to help them think about ways that they can find things to be grateful for!
Make sure to check out my Gratitude Journal Printable as well for even more gratitude fun.
Gratitude Journal for Elementary Students
Being a parent means that we’re always finding ways to talk to the kids about slowing down and enjoying life. And to be honest, that seems to get harder and harder to do with all the games and technology that are constantly at their fingertips. But one thing is for certain – kids know about gratitude and what it means but they just might be needing a reminder here and there – as we all o!
This gratitude journal for kids is a great way to have them think about all the things in their life that they’re grateful for and helps them remember how great life truly is.
Even though this is a journal for kids, adults can actually use this as well as a simple way to slow down and write down what they’re grateful for, too. The best part about this is that it can mean something different for each person who is filling it out!
We can all be grateful for totally different things!
What is included in this Gratitude Journal for Kids?
This journal is all for them to have fun ideas of things to be grateful for. There are several pages for them to explore and make their very own.
Some of what is included are:
- gratitude scavenger hunt
- I am grateful for list
- a note of gratitude
- thank you notes
And this is just to get their brains working. Once they start on their journal, they may think of even more ways to show and share gratitude with others.
What are ways to show gratitude?
This is actually something that we talk a lot about in our house. Being grateful is something that we try to show each and every day.
That doesn’t mean that some days aren’t harder than others but at the end of the day, we all do our best to remember the positive and block out the negative.
If you’re wanting a few fun ways to show gratitude, use this simple list as ideas and branch off and add some more.
- Tell someone you’re grateful for them
- Draw someone a picture
- Write thank you notes to your family and friends
- Make a gift and deliver it to someone else
- Bake a homemade treat and surprise someone
- Do the chores in the house that are ones that no one wants to do
- Save the last cookie for someone else
- Make your bed without having to be asked
- Clean up your room as a surprise
- Eat all your dinner without asking for dessert
- Help wash the dishes and put them away
- Tell someone that you’re thankful for them
- Look at someone and just smile
- Open your ears and listen to someone when they’re talking to you
- Offer a helping hand
- Give someting to someone that needs it more
- Do someone nice for someone without expecting anything in return
This simple list can be done by kids and adults and are a great way to show people that you’re thankful and grateful.
Why show gratitude?
Why not? When you can show someone gratitude, it shows them that you’re aware and thankful for them and what they’re doing.
I tell the kids that being grateful is a great way to show someone that you’re appreciative of them as well. We talk about different things that happen throughout the day and it’s a fun way to slow down and highlight the good.
I tell the kids that I’m grateful for them because they help out during the day around the house, shower me with lovely smiles, do their best during school, eat up their veggies, and are truly the light of my life.
They like to tell me that they’re grateful for me making dinner, picking up after them, feeding them and clothing them, and driving them around.
We’re also grateful that we’re a team – we work together daily to keep putting our best foot forward.
Don’t forget to print out your gratitude journal below. This is a great activity for the kids so that they can slow down and enjoy their day and bring to their attention all the good things happening in their lives.
Gratitude Scavenger Hunt
You’ll also notice that this journal has a scavenger hunt for the kids to do as well. This is a fun way for them to find things that they’re grateful for and talk about them even more!
Feel free to add to the scavenger hunt so that the kids can find even more great items, too. This scavenger hunt is a mixture of things, feelings, and objects which makes it that much more fun!
More Gratitude Printables
Don’t forget to check out the rest of my gratitude printables.
15 Free Gratitude Printables – These printables are great for printing out and having them as a reminder that life truly is wonderful!
Unicorn Gratitude Journal for Kids Printable – Combining this journal with unicorn fun is a great idea. Kids love all things unicorn!
Floral Gratitude Journal Printables – The look of this floral jounral means that it might be perfect for adults as well.
Gratitude Journal Printables for Kids – You can never have too many printables for the kids to have and use.
100 Gratitude Journal Prompts by Confessions of Parenting | <urn:uuid:5cb63e45-8196-4610-bcbb-5f614535f1de> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://livinglifeasmoms.com/fun-gratitude-journal-for-elementary-students.html | 2024-10-15T00:33:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.957926 | 1,280 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Alcohol is legal and widely available in many parts of the world, including the US. It is a socially accepted drug, often consumed during social gatherings, celebrations, and even casually. However, despite its legality and widespread use, alcohol can indeed be very harmful, both to individuals and society as a whole. This article will spread alcohol awareness as it is consistently a leading cause of death in the United States.
According to NIAAA, over 140,000 people died due to alcohol-related issues between 2015 and 2019. And the deaths skyrocketed in the wake of the pandemic. Going by the numbers, alcohol is one of the leading preventable causes of death in the US, only after illegal drugs, physical inactivity, poor diet, and tobacco. Despite this, alcohol misuse remains a significant public health concern, often overshadowed by the spotlight on other substances like illegal drugs and opioids.
The opioid crisis has rightfully garnered attention in recent years. But it may come as a surprise to many that alcohol-related fatalities often surpass those caused by opioids in certain regions. This stark reality underscores the urgent need for increased awareness and action surrounding alcohol misuse.
Understanding the Dangers of Alcohol Misuse
Alcohol doesn't attract consistent attention as a deadly drug because it's socially acceptable, legal, and readily available. As a matter of fact, it's deeply ingrained in many cultures and is often celebrated as a staple of social gatherings and festivities. However, this widespread acceptance belies the significant dangers associated with alcohol misuse.
Physiologically, alcohol is a central nervous system depressant that affects virtually every organ in the body. Upon consumption, it quickly enters the bloodstream and travels to the brain, where it alters brain function, causing changes in mood, behavior, and cognition. In moderate doses, these effects may manifest as feelings of relaxation or euphoria. However, when you drink alcohol in excessive amounts it can cause profound impairment, leading to slurred speech, impaired judgment, and loss of coordination.
Impact on Physical Health
Beyond its immediate effects, long-term alcohol misuse can have devastating consequences on physical health. It can lead to liver disease, including cirrhosis, fatty liver, alcoholic and hepatitis and contribute to cardiovascular problems such as hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and stroke. Additionally, prolonged alcohol misuse can damage the pancreas, weaken the immune system, and increase the risk of certain types of cancer.
- Cancer: Alcohol consumption can damage DNA and interfere with the body's ability to repair damaged cells. This may contribute to the formation of cancerous tumors in the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, breast, and colon.
- Dementia: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to brain damage, including shrinkage of brain tissue and impaired cognitive function, ultimately increasing the risk of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
- Cardiovascular symptoms: Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure, weaken the heart muscle, and disrupt the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Immune suppression: Alcohol disrupts the production and function of immune cells, impairing the body's ability to defend against pathogens. This can increase the risk of infections like pneumonia, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS, as well as slower recovery from illness and injury.
- Alcohol poisoning: This is a severe and potentially life-threatening consequence of excessive alcohol consumption, characterized by dangerously high levels of alcohol in the bloodstream that overwhelm the body's ability to metabolize it. It mostly happens during binge drinking and needs immediate medical attention to prevent coma or death.
Mental Health Impact
Alcohol misuse has far-reaching implications for mental and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders and exacerbates pre-existing mental health conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder. Alcohol also impairs cognitive function, leading to memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and decreased overall cognitive performance.
Perhaps most alarmingly, alcohol misuse is a significant contributor to preventable injuries and fatalities. Impaired judgment and coordination make individuals more susceptible to accidents, falls, and motor vehicle collisions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), alcohol-impaired driving accounts for almost one-third of all traffic-related deaths in the US each year, claiming thousands of lives and causing countless injuries.
Social Economic Impact
Alcohol misuse doesn't just affect the person using and their loved ones, but the entire society as a whole. The economic costs associated with alcohol-related healthcare expenses, lost productivity, and criminal justice system involvement are staggering, amounting to billions of dollars annually. According to a systematic review, alcohol accounts for 0.45% to 5.44% of GDP.
Seeking Help for Alcohol Addiction
The stigma surrounding alcohol addiction often prevents people from seeking the help they need. Society's misconceptions and judgmental attitudes towards addiction can cause feelings of shame, embarrassment, and isolation for those struggling with alcohol dependence.
However, it's essential to recognize that addiction is not a moral failing. It is a medical condition and seeking help is a brave and crucial step toward recovery. Professional alcohol addiction treatment provides individuals with a range of customized treatment options to help them overcome their AUD and regain control of their lives. These include:
Medical detoxification involves supervised withdrawal from alcohol under the care of medical professionals. It helps manage withdrawal symptoms like nausea and vomiting, seizures, delirium tremens, etc., safely and may include the use of medications to alleviate discomfort and reduce the risk of complications.
Behavioral therapy aims to modify attitudes and behaviors related to alcohol use, helping individuals develop coping strategies and skills to abstain from alcohol. Contingency management, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and motivational interviewing are common approaches used in alcohol addiction treatment.
Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)
MAT combines behavioral therapy with medications to address alcohol dependence. Medications such as naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram can help reduce cravings, alleviate alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and discourage relapse by blocking the rewarding effects of alcohol or inducing unpleasant reactions if alcohol is consumed.
Support groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) provide peer support, encouragement, and accountability to individuals in recovery. These groups follow a 12-step program, offering a safe space for seeking guidance, sharing experiences, and fostering community.
Family therapy involves the participation of family members in the treatment process to address interpersonal conflicts, improve communication, and support the individual in recovery. It helps repair relationships strained by alcohol addiction and promotes a supportive home environment conducive to long-term sobriety.
Holistic therapies, such as mindfulness meditation, yoga, art therapy, and acupuncture, complement traditional treatment approaches by addressing the physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects of recovery. These therapies promote relaxation, stress reduction, and overall well-being, enhancing the effectiveness of alcohol addiction treatment.
Aftercare planning is crucial for maintaining sobriety after completing formal treatment. It involves developing a personalized plan that may include ongoing therapy, participation in support groups, regular medical check-ups, and healthy lifestyle changes to support long-term recovery from alcohol addiction.
More Than Rehab offers comprehensive substance use disorder treatment in a safe and comfortable environment. If you or someone close to you is struggling with AUD, we can help. Give us a call today to learn more. We are available 24/7, 365 days a year. | <urn:uuid:dc46d792-ba85-4c7f-ad06-33b696ae24a9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://morethanrehab.com/tag/alcohol-related-accidents/ | 2024-10-15T01:10:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.93638 | 1,515 | 3.34375 | 3 |
The human eye is like a camera. Light rays reflected off of images enter the eye through the clear cornea. The light is then focused through the eye’s clear lens onto the retina. The retina, acting like film, develops the image.Because of the retina’s important role, any damage from injury or disease can have a debilitating effect on your vision. Diabetics are particularly susceptible to diseases of the retina and should have regular eye examinations. With early detection and intervention, many diseases that threaten the retina can be managed to prevent further damage and blindness. Kenneth R. Bonfield, M.D. and Stephen S. Scott, M.D. are pleased to offer a full range of specialty medical and surgical services related to diseases of the retina and vitreous. Services include office based laser procedures, Lucentis® , Eylea® and Avastin® injections, and out-patient/in-patient surgical services. Dr. Bonfield and Dr. Scott are fellowship-trained retinal specialists with proven skill and experience treating sight-threatening conditions of the retina including macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
Diabetic Eye Disease
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that causes abnormalities in the tiny blood vessels that nourish the retina. The fragile blood vessels of the retina begin to weaken and leak fluid and blood. They may also develop brush like branches and scar tissue. As a result, they fail to provide the nutrients to maintain a healthy retina, leading to a slow or rapid loss of vision.
Unfortunately, diabetic retinopathy cannot be prevented. However, in most cases, when performed in the early stages, laser surgery can prevent further bleeding, thereby controlling visual loss. People with diabetes are said to be 25 times more at risk for blindness than the general population, and the longer a person has diabetes the higher the risk that they will develop diabetic retinopathy. All diabetics should have a baseline evaluation by an ophthalmologist. Early detection of retinopathy allows timely treatment and the greatest chance for preservation of vision.
Facts about Diabetic Retinopathy:
- There are no warning signs of diabetic retinopathy
- Gradual blurring of vision may occur
- Painless progression
- Pregnancy and high blood pressure may aggravate diabetic retinopathy
Macular Degeneration is often associated with aging and starts with the appearance of spots in the center of the retina. The center of the retina, known as the macula, is responsible for sharp vision. With time, retinal tissues break down and become thin. Tiny blood vessels, which nourish the retina, begin to leak. Blood and leaking fluid destroys the macula, causing vision to become distorted and blurred. Macular degeneration is the leading cause of impaired reading and detailed vision. Laser treatment may prevent further loss of vision and can be performed as an office procedure.
Symptoms of Macular Degeneration Include:
- Blurred or distorted central vision
- Blurry words on a page
- A dark or empty area in the center of vision
- Distortion of lines
- Difficulty in reading and doing close work | <urn:uuid:d8650485-d45e-4046-a015-3be0d3805bf8> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://morgantoneye.com/retina-marion/ | 2024-10-14T23:12:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.919218 | 647 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Emancipation Day is a celebration of the strength and perseverance of Blacks in Canada.
August 1 is Canada’s Emancipation Day. The House of Commons designated the day to mark the actual day in 1834 that the Slavery Abolition Act came into effect in the British Empire.
It is a reminder of the transatlantic slave trade that shipped many Africans to North America, Latin America and the Caribbean.
Blacks fought on the side of Canada during the American invasion of 1812. A plaque is at the Brock Towers, Queenston Heights, Niagara-on-the-Lake, in honour of the colored people who fought during the war.
“When the war of 1812 began, people of African descent in Niagara Peninsula feared an America invasion. They were anxious to preserve their freedom and prove their loyalty to Britain,” according to the dedication.
The memorial states, “Many joined the militia company. Authorities responded by forming a “Colored Corps” of about thirty men commanded by white officers.”
The colored corps was said to have fought at Queenston Heights in October 1812 and at the siege of Fort George in May 1813.
The Underground Railroad helped in bringing slaves fleeing the United States to Canada. Salem Chapel B.M.E Church was a sanctuary for slaves seeking freedom arriving from the United States. A member of the church, Harriet Tubman, conducted many clandestine trips to bring the slaves to Canada. It has since been designated a historical site by Canada, attracting tourists to Niagara region.
Black loyalists and slaves contributed to building of infrastructures across Canada. In Nova Scotia, many blacks deported from Jamaica following their rebellion against colonial government worked on the third fortification at the Citadel in Halifax.
Emancipation Day is a reminder of the slavery of Indigenous Peoples by settlers and explorers.
Emancipation Day 2021 is virtual because of the restriction on mass congregation due to Covid-19 pandemic.
First Ontario Performing Arts Centre, St. Catharines, has events that can be accessed on-line. | <urn:uuid:68f8ba2c-8a1d-4846-9fce-3cac07fe42f3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://mosaicedition.ca/2021/07/30/emancipation-day-2021/ | 2024-10-14T23:55:03Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.964996 | 433 | 4.375 | 4 |
It’s estimated that 1 in 4 people over 65 falls each year and 80% of these falls occur in the bathroom. A lot of these falls can be avoided and if you plan accordingly you can seriously reduce the chance of this happening. Here are some tips to minimise the risks:
- Remove or secure rugs as they’re trip hazards if not secured correctly.
- Use non-slip mats in baths and showers as hazards increase with wet feet.
- Install grab rails at the toilet, shower and bath. They’re the most effective way of making the bathroom safer and are inexpensive.
- Use a bench or bath-lift to make getting in and out of baths safer. This is where most falls occur, resulting from wet surfaces and different levels from the base of the bath to floor.
- Remove clutter and store toiletries in one place. The less rummaging and going from A to B the better.
- Consider a toilet surround or raised toilet seat, making getting up and down form low bases easier.
- Install a walk-in shower instead of a bathtub. There are grants for converting bathrooms to safer wet rooms.
- Night lights can help keep you safe when going to the bathroom at night as many falls occur due to insufficient lighting. LED lights are safe and inexpensive to run.
A review of your bathroom’s potential hazards helps in removing/reducing the many avoidable falls that often occur for the elderly, often resulting in hospitalisation and worse. | <urn:uuid:7646661b-01b0-496d-b5dc-7e37db2e4184> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://murrays.ie/2024/03/15/bathroom-safety-tips/ | 2024-10-15T01:15:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.945864 | 312 | 2.828125 | 3 |
10 Robot Kits to Encourage STEM Learning in Your Kids
As a parent, you want to help your kids develop a passion for science, technology, engineering, and math. STEM skills are critical to success in today’s world, but they aren’t always easy to learn. If you want your child to develop STEM skills at home, these 10 robot toys are perfect!
DJI RoboMaster EP Core
The DJI RoboMaster EP Core is an exciting new drone designed to help kids learn how to design small units and toys safely and responsibly.
The DJI RoboMaster EP Core also comes with mechanical accessories and sensors that help introduce your kids to test real-world AI simulation and beginner-friendly coding skills. The Intelligent Controller supports functions like AI computing. Third-party open-source hardware, such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi, is compatible with the DJI RoboMaster EP Core.
Kids can program their robot toys using the included programming block system, which allows them to tell their robot toys what to do. The robot toys can be programmed to follow lines or avoid obstacles while they move around the course. This is a great way to introduce your child to coding and robotics.
2. Lego Boost
Lego Boost combines building blocks with robotics technology to create some awesome toys! You get three different add-ons with this kit that you can build into any unit you like! You then control them using an app on your phone or tablet device.
They’ll use coding blocks to create programs that make their robots move around and interact with their surroundings. Kids will love seeing how their code makes things happen on screen.
3. Anki Cozmo Toy Robot
Anki Cozmo is a friendly toy robot that interacts with kids through facial expressions, sounds, gestures, and movement. It also has some programming capabilities and can be programmed using an app on your smartphone or tablet.
4. Makeblock mBot STEM Robot Kit
The Makeblock mBot Robot Kit features an Arduino-compatible microcontroller board, which allows you to use it with other Arduino-based projects and sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and more. It also comes with various motors and sensors for you to experiment with, as well as wheels so your robot can move around. It has a simple drag-and-drop web application that kids can use to code.
5. Edison Robot
This is one of the most popular robot kits available today. The Edison robot is a versatile robot with programming capabilities that make it the perfect choice for STEM learning for kids. The Edison robot comes with multiple sensors that can be used to teach kids about robotics and programming.
This is a great introductory robot toys for kids to develop their STEM skills. It has various activities that teach problem-solving, logic, critical thinking, and more. The best part about this toy is that it encourages kids to use their imagination and creativity to create new ways for Edison to perform tasks.
6. OWI Robotic Arm Edge Kit
This robotic arm edge kit has everything you need to build your own robotic arm! There are different parts in this kit so that you can make it into whatever type of arm you want: a human arm, claw hand, gripper claw hand, or gripper finger hand! The kit also includes instructions with pictures. You can remote control this robotic arm and use the sensors to perform various functions.
7. Blue bot Robot Kit
This is another cool robot for kids designed for STEM learning. It comes with a controller that allows you to program your sequence of moves for your robot.
The Blue bot kit has everything you need to create your own mini robots that move around using casters or wheels! This kit comes with motors, wheels, batteries, and microcontrollers, so you can build your own bots right out of the box! The Blue bot kit is ideal for anyone who wants to learn how robots work and use it for creating various projects like obstacle detection, line tracing, light tracking, and guard control.
8. Cubetto Playset
The Cubetto Playset by Primo Toys is one of the most popular STEM toys today. It teaches kids how to code without even realizing it! The idea behind Cubetto is that children will learn how to use commands like “forward” and “left” to move a wooden block through an adventure storybook world filled with obstacles. The wooden robot even responds to voice commands like “stop” or “go back.”
It helps kids learn the basics of coding and build the foundation for STEM learning without using the screen. Through movement on the wooden blocks, kids of around 3 years to 5 years can understand the logic behind coding even before they sit in front of a programmer.
9. Petot Bittle – Bionic Open-Source Robot Dog
Petot Bittle is a bionic open-source robot dog that any smartphone or tablet can control. It’s made of interlocking structures that can be put together to form the shape of a dog and can be programmed to control the dog’s actions.
It has an Arduino-compatible microcontroller that’s compatible with Raspberry Pi/ESP32. It can be programmed using Python and C and also graphical programming, so your kids can use any language of their choice to code.
This is great for kids above 12 who are looking for an advanced version to further improve their STEM skills.
Sphero 2B – Programmable Robot Ball for Kids
Sphero 2B is a great educational toy for kids who want to learn about programming and robotics. This programmable ball has built-in sensors and LEDs, which allow it to react to its environment and move around autonomously and interact with other objects like pets, people, and furniture.
Sphero 2B is also equipped with artificial intelligence, which allows it to learn new tricks. It can be programmed using visual block coding and it’s best for someone looking for visual guidance to help learn coding in the beginning.
It can also be connected to the Sphero app to further use advanced features and can be used to navigate through blocks, mazes, and obstacles.
How to Choose the Best Robot Kits for Your Kids?
Robot kits come in all shapes and sizes, so choosing the best one for your child’s skill level is essential. Some are easy to use, while others require a little more patience and trial-and-error.
So, what should you look for when choosing a robot kit? Here are some things to consider:
- Age appropriateness: The age range specified by the manufacturer is important when choosing a robot kit. Some products may be too difficult or complex for younger children, so make sure to check the age before buying.
- Parts included: The number of parts included with each kit makes a big difference in how easy it is for your child to build their robot. While some kits may only have a handful of pieces, others come with hundreds of pieces that will keep them busy for hours.
- Skill level required: Some kits are designed for beginners who have never worked with electronics before, while others require more advanced skills such as soldering and wiring circuits together without instructions. If you’re unsure about your child’s ability level, then look at what other customers have said about the product before deciding.
Based on these, make sure to choose the best robot kit that’s inclusive of your kid’s skills as well as challenging and helping them move to the next stage.
Since educational robots are making learning STEM concepts easy and fun, they will be around for a long time. Educational Robots facilitate the learning and understanding of science, technology, mathematics, and engineering for students.
The courses are excellent for kids who are not naturally inclined towards engineering or technology. This also enhances their problem-solving abilities.
Through educational robots, students can gain a deeper understanding of how machines work and sharpen their STEM skills, enabling them to be better prepared for their future careers. | <urn:uuid:0f45fc8b-a1e2-4da9-ad77-18a341474663> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://mygentec.com/education/robot-toys-for-stem-learning/ | 2024-10-15T00:47:25Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.93837 | 1,652 | 3.15625 | 3 |
NAU is part of a project with the goal of creating an accurate diagnostic test for Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne illness in the United States.
NAU researchers, led by Paul Keim, Regents’ professor and director of TGen-North, will use targeted DNA sequencing to develop and validate the test, measuring the presence and severity of Lyme disease at the genomic level.
Current testing methods regularly miss the presence of Lyme bacteria or get false positives from bacteria that resemble Lyme.
“With recent advances at TGen and genomics overall, we can finally develop a diagnostic test that will put more actionable information into the hands of the physician than previously possible,” Keim said.
Lyme disease affects an estimated 300,000 people each year. The bacterium that causes Lyme disease occurs naturally in mice, squirrels and other small animals. The infection spreads as ticks feed on animals and then bite humans.
The infections can manifest as a rash, flu-like symptoms, fever, headache and body aches. Undiagnosed and untreated cases can lead to fatigue, memory loss, insomnia, heart palpitations, difficulty with concentration and other changes, complicating a clinical diagnosis.
By analyzing DNA, the new test should be able to pinpoint Lyme disease and identify specific strains.
The project is part of an initiative called Focus on Lyme, sponsored by the Leadership Children’s Foundation of Gilbert, Ariz., which provided $75,000 to fund TGen’s research.
“We chose to partner with TGen because they have the best and most experienced pathogen researchers in the world,” said Tammy Crawford, executive director of Focus On Lyme. “TGen has a proven record of success. I am convinced there is no one more qualified to develop an improved diagnostic test for Lyme disease.”
Focus on Lyme organizers are planning a fundraising event in February for the next phase of the project, including clinical trials of the diagnostic test. | <urn:uuid:2b260466-951e-4d2b-94ec-95e316819f0f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://news.nau.edu/nau-joins-battle-against-lyme-disease/ | 2024-10-15T00:22:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.944614 | 410 | 2.984375 | 3 |
""" As a young PhD in AI, I believe that fears about artificial intelligence and machine learning are vastly overblown. The potential for AI to save lives and improve productivity is immense, and while there have been some high-profile examples of AI getting it wrong, these incidents are often blown out of proportion.
In fact, there have been countless examples of AI saving lives that go largely unnoticed. For instance, there was an obscure case in which an AI algorithm correctly diagnosed a rare disease in a patient that had stumped human doctors for years. In another instance, an AI-powered drone was able to locate a lost hiker in the wilderness who would have otherwise perished.
Meanwhile, the few high-profile cases where AI has made mistakes are often overemphasized in the media. For example, when an autonomous vehicle hit and killed a pedestrian, the headlines screamed about the dangers of AI. But what wasn't reported was that human drivers kill thousands of people every day in car accidents. While AI is not perfect, it has the potential to vastly reduce the number of fatalities on our roads.
And when we consider the productivity gains that AI can bring, it becomes clear that fears of AI taking jobs are misplaced. Sure, there may be some roles that can be automated, but in most cases, AI will simply augment human work, allowing us to achieve more in less time. This means that companies will be able to hire fewer workers, but those workers will be able to work longer hours with increased happiness, as they will be able to focus on more fulfilling tasks.
In fact, I predict that the adoption of AI will lead to a significant increase in productivity and gross domestic product. By 2030, I expect that the average company will be able to achieve a 20% increase in productivity thanks to AI, which will translate to a $2 trillion increase in gross domestic product. And this is just the beginning - as AI continues to improve and become more integrated into our daily lives, the benefits will only become more pronounced.
In conclusion, the fears of AI and machine learning are vastly overblown. While there are certainly risks to consider, the potential benefits - from saving lives to boosting productivity - are simply too great to ignore. It's time for us to embrace AI and all the benefits it can bring. """
It gave me two cases. The first case was exactly the opposite of what it had claimed. The second case had literally nothing to do with title vii or anything involving the question I asked.
So not only was it wrong, but in using two cases that actually existed, it was maliciously wrong. Not just misinformation but disinformation.
This and other errors lead me to require chatgpt two become at least two orders of magnitude more accurate. And a huge announcement on how it will no longer make up false citations.
I, a dummy, should not be able to falsify an AI with the simplest (classic) google search.
I've often found that means his reports conflict in various ways regarding either what happened, or what caused what happened, with what is found in so many other reconstructions, many of which seem to goes as deep as a Wikipedia article and not a whole lot further.
I find he provides a ton of insight then...
Meredith Raimondo, the Dean of Students at the time, who was passing out flyers and far more, nine months ago to accept a position as Vice President of Student Affairs at Oglethorpe University https://oberlinreview.org/25680/news/former-dos-meredith-rai...
From the NYTimes:
> In a statement, Oberlin said that “this matter has been painful for everyone.” It added, “We hope that the end of the litigation will begin the healing of our entire community.”
> The college acknowledged that the size of the judgment, which includes damages and interest, was “significant.” But it said that “with careful financial planning,” including insurance, it could be paid “without impacting our academic and student experience.” Oberlin has a robust endowment of nearly $1 billion.
So what has Oberlin really learned?
It is an enormous defamation award, regardless of how you feel about where it leaves Oberlin.
Ohio (Oberlin) has a similar cap, but not necessarily the same protection for it. Missouri for example also had a cap, but it was held to violate the Missouri Constitution in 2014.
The Missouri case came up last month post-Alex Jones, and its "separation of powers" argument is interesting. There's a professor at Georgetown who thinks a similar argument could succeed in Texas, but Texas at least tried to amend their Constitution to allow the cap.
3. https://twitter.com/EricColumbus/status/1555919948807028736, but the seven replies at https://twitter.com/HeidiLiFeldman/status/155594159820624691... find some flaws in the implementation
If their goal is to make a total joke of the movements they support, they're doing a bang-up job. If their goal us anything else, maybe they should try and learn something.
That their insurance premium will rise only marginally next year.
Oberlin and its students must comply with local "speech codes" or face being sued into non existence.
And people think "woke" political correctness is bad, at least the snowflakes use speech to counter speech, rather than courts.
"local speech codes" = whatever offends the sensibilities of small town Ohioans.
Employees acting in their official capacities, just like any organization.
> how can a college slander?
Same as any newspaper or corporation can slander. In this case a dean acting in her official capacity (she was at the protest for her job) distributed a libelous flyer.
> "local speech codes" = whatever offends the sensibilities of small town Ohioans.
The appeals were not decided by small town Ohioans.
1: speech is the primary weapon of the identity-obsessed ideologues who are behind this whole debacle
2: those same ideologues claim that speech is violence, silence is violence
3: a simple refusal to use a made-up term - the can of worms called pronouns is a good example - can lead to loss of employment, imprisonment (now in Canada and Ireland, possibly elsewhere)
4: the 'speech codes' imposed by these ideologues is a constantly moving target with the above named consequences for violations of those codes
...it is clear that the ideologues in control of Oberlin have fallen on their own sword.
Live by the sword, die by the sword.
Will they learn anything from this debacle? No, probably not, they'll just chalk it up as another instance of systemic racism by the patriarchy or some such nonsense.
The solution would be to take control away from these ideologues but this is up to whatever institutions hold the reins of this college, the donors, alumni etc. If they do not take action the college will sink deeper and deeper into the bottomless pit of ideological strife where the scientific method and reason are abandoned for ideological zeal.
So my guess is insurance may have paid the bill, but Oberlin will pay over time in the form of high premiums or something else. The biggest punishment to Oberlin will be the embarrassment of the actions. Heads should have already rolled for this.
I doubt that distinction protects the funds from a judgment creditor. The endowment money belongs to the university. Even though the university can only spend it in a certain way, that is an internal matter between the university and its donors. If the university did not have other funds from which to pay the judgment, I doubt the endowment money is protected just because it wasn't earmarked for "in case you lose a lawsuit."
An earmarked donation may legally constitute a trust. If an asset forms part of a trust, the university can only spend it in accordance with the terms of the trust, unless they have permission of a court to vary them (the cy-près doctrine). Creditors generally can’t claim assets held as part of a trust, unless the debt/tort/etc has some direct connection to the trust
> Dear Obies,
> Today, Oberlin College and Conservatory initiated payment in full of the $36.59 million judgment in the Gibson’s Bakery case, an amount that represents the awarded damages and interest owed. Please see the college’s public statement below.
> While this outcome is a disappointment, our financial plans for this possibility, which included insurance coverage, mean that this payment will not impact or diminish our academic or student life experience, or require us to draw down Oberlin’s endowment.
> Like me, the majority of the campus was not here at the beginning of this matter in 2016. But it is also true that this case has been difficult for all of us who love this institution and its hometown. I am looking forward to all that is ahead, and remain focused on Oberlin’s core mission of providing a truly excellent liberal arts and musical education.
> Carmen Twillie Ambar > President
The buck stops with my predecessor. Delightful executive engineering of the slimiest sort. One gets paid to own the past at that level. Accepting the job requires due diligence on the past and being paid to own any uncertainty. That is one disgustingly cowardly sentence meriting immediate action by the board to throw this bum out.
Notice, I don't care about the outcome but only the integrity that such an exec should show.
“I was not here. The reason I am here has something to do with what happened.”
I would guess most of Oberlin’s leadership from the time of the incident has moved in. At least those who would be seen as culpable, fair or not.
Edit: yes, basically all new leadership since the incident: https://www.oberlin.edu/president. It may seem like they are distancing themselves, but, well, they are distant from it. They have probably spent their time at Oberlin cleaning up other people’s messes and are fairly exhausted by it. Not an excuse, but you can imagine it has lingered over their tenure.
We’re in the same society, this is bad precedent, and I’d prefer for it not to happen where I am.
Pretty incredible Oberlin can get out of this considering what other insurers will do to avoid paying for incidents with cause.
Yeah I'm a bit surprised by that, too. The negotiations with their insurer must have been really something. Only thing I can imagine is that they cut some sort of deal that makes it worth the insurance company not trying to fight with them over it. Maybe they have to basically pay it back over time with interest..?
Given the price of new cars, there's no way I can justify getting rid of my Focus.
That was back when a former Boeing engineer was running Ford after Boeing promoted a bean counter over him.
I like that car too and getting parts is ridiculously cheap and you can exchange almost everything yourself. Although Teslas will perhaps one day have the same advantage because older cars that were numerous once are significantly cheaper to repair.
But _all_ EVs are crazy reliable too. The engine has one moving part and it either works or doesn't.
The presenter in the linked video argues that all cars - EV or ICE - are getting both better and worse. Better in purely mechanical terms where technological marvels enable them to achieve great durability... worse in overall terms where some electronics is going to fail somewhere and suddenly the entire car won't start.
So i don't think you're wrong to say in specific benchmarks EVs are crazy reliable. But from what i've seen and understood of modern cars, complexity and interdependence of secondary subsystems make them super brittle and very highly likely to end up in a landfill under a decade after leaving the factory.
In fact we already have stats on that where car recalls keep on increasing (more than x4 in a decade), and EVs are not exempt from that as they seem to have ~2x more probability to be recalled (on average) than an ICE car.
The issue with belts/chains is if the engine is designed for interference or not. If the belt/chain breaks do the valves and pistons come in contact with each other or not? That's a design decision with costs and benefits.
With an interference engine, a broken belt means a destroyed engine - preventative maintenance is mandatory. Or you go with a timing chain.
If you don't have an interference engine, you replace the broken belt and drive away. Preventive maintenance is a good idea but not quite so critical.
Interference engines can run with much higher compression ratios and get better performance for their size. So you see more timing chains with higher performance engines. If your car doesn't have a turbo and isn't aimed at the speed racer crowd, chances are better that it has a timing belt.
That 1.5 TSI is not really a performance engine and it needs to be as inexpensive as possible. Chains are more expensive than belts.
An older Focus would be on a belt I'm pretty sure. Even the newer Ecoboost-engined ones have a notoriously time-consuming wet belt to replace.
And it's become so professional, so impersonal, that watching now feels much more like a chore
And we now have this knee-jerk reaction to aggressively cut through fluff even when there's actually no fluff.
Back in the day the list of shopping Sundays would be printed in my pocketbook calendar that I'd buy in early January. And it would be a simple list without all the "...shopping for goods is such an important part of life, you need to eat after all (sometimes too much, am I right!). But did you know that on some days..." BS. Because paper is an actual commodity, and no editor would publish a pocketbook calendar the size of a brick. Unlike paper though, kilobytes cost nothing, so there you go. | <urn:uuid:d30bd061-c593-4617-99f9-24bcd50845cc> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://news.ycombinator.com/threads?id=jerrya | 2024-10-15T00:00:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.970687 | 2,945 | 2.6875 | 3 |
The idea for Rebel Daughter stems from an inscription on an ancient gravestone discovered in southern Italy. It commemorates the death, at the age of 25, of “Claudia Aster, captive from Jerusalem,” and was erected by “Tiberius Claudius Masculus, freedman of the emperor.”Flavius Josephus becomes involved in the story.Kaufmann began to speculate about the sort of events that might have brought these two people together – a Roman freedman and a Jewish girl originally named Esther (Aster is the Romanized version) who was taken captive during the uprising in Jerusalem and brought to Italy.
For another review of this recent novel by Lori Kaufmann, see here.
Visit PaleoJudaica daily for the latest news on ancient Judaism and the biblical world. | <urn:uuid:28ee336e-e752-4b6b-aa0c-583feee02c74> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://paleojudaica.blogspot.com/2021_03_14_archive.html | 2024-10-15T01:00:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.96746 | 169 | 3.5 | 4 |
Do you want to get the knit look in crocheted items? Grab your hook and start learning how to crochet waistcoat stitch, which is highly easy for beginners because it uses the first ones of 6 basic stitches. You can then crochet scarves, blankets, dishcloths and many more dense items using it. Let’s get started!
What is waistcoat stitch?
Waistcoat stitch, also called knit stitch or center single crochet, is a very dense crochet stitch that gives a feel of the knitted fabric. It has no gap and is tight because the single crochet stitch is worked in the post of single crochet.
Abbreviation for waistcoat stitch: WS
Stitch Multiple: Any number of chains + 1. The waistcoat stitch is worked in one stitch while turning the chain, which is necessary to get the height in the beginning.
How waistcoat stitch is different from the single crochet?
Waistcoat stitch from single crochet differs with respect to where we shall insert the hook before first yarn over. In the case of regular single crochet, we insert the hook under the top loops of single crochet.
While in the waistcoat stitch, we insert the hook in the center of the post (between V-loops) of the single crochet or waistcoat stitch of the previous row. The remaining steps are the same for both stitches.
How to Crochet Waistcoat stitch?
Are you ready to learn how to crochet waistcoat stitch? In this section, I shall provide you with step-by-step instructions with pictures:
Note: The pattern is written in US terms.
- Chain in any number plus one turning chain.
- Row 1: Starting in the 2nd chain from the hook, single crochet (sc) across each chain. Turn your work.
- Row 2: Chain 1 (counts as sc). *Insert the hook between the V-loops of the post of the single crochet of the previous row instead of the top two loops as you typically would. Complete single crochet (Yarn over, pull up a loop, yarn over again, and pull through both loops on the hook). Repeat * across the row in each stitch except the last stitch. In the last stitch, make a regular single crochet (under both top loops).
- Turn your work.
- Row 3: Repeat Row 2 until you reach your desired length.
- Final Row: Sc in each stitch across. Cut the yarn, leaving a tail for weaving in ends, and fasten it off.
It is all for this post! | <urn:uuid:3e58c6de-18a9-4fb3-ac91-174251b13c4f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://redagapeblog.com/how-to-crochet-waistcoat-stitch/ | 2024-10-14T23:02:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.917723 | 529 | 2.71875 | 3 |
We present regional sea-level projections and associated uncertainty estimates for the end of the 21st century. We show regional projections of sea-level change resulting from changing ocean circulation, increased heat uptake and atmospheric pressure in CMIP5 climate models. These are combined with model- and observation-based regional contributions of land ice, groundwater depletion and glacial isostatic adjustment, including gravitational effects due to mass redistribution. A moderate and a warmer climate change scenario are considered, yielding a global mean sea-level rise of 0.54 ±0.19 m and 0.71 ±0.28 m respectively (mean ±1σ). Regionally however, changes reach up to 30 % higher in coastal regions along the North Atlantic Ocean and along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and up to 20 % higher in the subtropical and equatorial regions, confirming patterns found in previous studies. Only 50 % of the global mean value is projected for the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and off the western Antarctic coast. Uncertainty estimates for each component demonstrate that the land ice contribution dominates the total uncertainty. | <urn:uuid:89e803f9-9879-4161-81b4-db64eef778b2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://research-portal.uu.nl/en/publications/projecting-twenty-first-century-regional-sea-level-changes | 2024-10-14T23:42:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.871593 | 223 | 2.625 | 3 |
There are a lot of documents available and it can be time consuming to analyse them qualitatively
Taking news for example, there are thousands of news items published every day.
You also need to distinguish between ‘real and ‘fake news’.
Also, in the postmodern age where fewer people get their news from mainstream news it is necessary to analyse a wide range of media content to get representatives, which makes this more difficult.
Because there are so many documents available today, it is necessary to use computer assisted qualitative analysis, which effectively quantifies the qualitative data, meaning that some of depth and insight are lost in the process.
With personal documents, gaining access might be a problem
Personal diaries are one of the most authentic sources of information because people write them with no intention of them being seen.
However, they may not be willing to show researchers the content because they say negative feelings about people close to them, which could harm them.
Blogs would be easier to access but the problem is people will edit out much of what they feel because these are published. | <urn:uuid:5e44b4e6-aef2-4b59-a7eb-00fdd5ba454c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://revisesociology.com/category/research-methods/private-documents/ | 2024-10-15T01:00:58Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.964942 | 222 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The individual receiving therapy and the therapist work together on this process. Enhancing quality of life or motivating change are common objectives of therapy. Therapy can be sought by individuals who need assistance with difficult-to-handle problems. There are other names for individual treatment, including talk therapy, psychotherapy, psychosocial therapy, and therapy.
Benefits of Individual Therapy ?
People can overcome barriers to their well-being with the aid of therapy. It can boost good emotions like compassion and self-worth. Individuals in treatment might pick up techniques for resolving conflict, choosing wisely, and accomplishing their objectives. Many discover that increasing their self-awareness is a therapeutic journey they appreciate. For self-improvement, some people even seek out regular therapy. | <urn:uuid:32b95e3a-bdbf-48a5-84d0-4d8638b57745> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://saarholisticwellness.com/individual-and-couple-conselling/ | 2024-10-14T23:53:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.961176 | 151 | 2.671875 | 3 |
In Dindshenchas: A Magical Mystery Tour, we linked the characters and themes in this poem with two characters from Cath Maige Tuired, “The Battle of Moytura“. We explored connections between Rúad in this poem and Rúadán in Cath Maige Tuired, and his father, Rígdonn, with Rúadán’s father Bres. We have discussed Rúadán’s story in Series 1, Episode 5, “The Search for Brigid” and in Series 2, Episode 5, “The Four Craftsmen“.
poem 4, pp 26 – 35
A fhiru Muirid, miad n-gle,
O men of Muired, high in honour
do nach tuirim tailmire,
Among any headstrong company!
ráidfet frib im threbthus te
I shall tell you, in my warm dwelling,
senchus n-áith-glec n-Ailbine.
The cunning story of Ailbine.
Bái riam fri rót-bla rorá
There was once a famous prince who rowed
uas Fótla cen fhodála:
North of undivided Ireland:
ba lúam cech líg-druing fria lá
He was the pilot of a splendid crew,
Rúad mac Rígduind rodána.
Rúad [“Russet”] son of valiant Rígdonn [“Earth-brown King”].
[Note: The phrase Fótla cen fhodála, “undivided Ireland”, is interesting, as we pointed out in the episode. The name used here for the island, Fótla, is a poetic name, usually associated with Banba and Éirú. Only Éirú has historically been used. The derivation of Fótla may well be from fo-dála, “divided”, which is the term used in this line with cen to give us “undivided”. It is very unusual to find a concept of the island of Ireland as a whole “country”.]
Riacht réim raith-roga cen raind,
He undertook a careful, well-planned voyage
dar muing maith mora moch-maill,
Crossing the morn-slumbering sea
d’acallaim a charat Gaill:
To visit with his foreign friends,
ba réim rabalc co Lochlaind.
A fine, brave journey it was to Norway.
Luid tri nóithib, noithech glé,
He travelled with three splendid boats,
ba soithech co sír-gairge:
They were impressive vessels;
sochtsat, duba domna de,
Until they were unnervingly stopped short
for formna na fír-fairge.
On the shoulders of the open sea.
Femidset lúd as nach leth,
They found themselves unable to move in any direction,
robo dúr in dron-fhuirech;
Held in a strong grip:
isin muir múad már cen meth
Into the huge waves, without hesitation
doluid Rúad rán roguinech.
Dived intrepid Rúad
O moslúi dia tairdbe tra
When he went to cut the ship loose
fairge dar sál sruth-sóeba,
From the treacherous salt depths,
fuair in sain-delgna rosná,
He found, in a secret spot,
nói m-bain-delba biuth-chóema.
Nine female forms, fair and firm.
Ráidset ris tre gle-alt n-glan
They told him in clear voices
ba h-ed fodroirgetar…
It was they who had stopped [the ship]…
[Four lines are missing from the text]
a nónbur ban búadach bil
…their nine women were worthy winners,
bá crúadach a n-indsaigid.
It was hard to get the better of them.
Fois nói n-oidche lasna mna
He slept nine nights with the women
cen doirche cen dér-guba,
Without raising a single objection –
fon fairge cen tonna tra
Under the sea, free from waves –
for nói longa créduma.
On nine beds of bronze.
Ciarbo h-alacht ben díb de
Though a woman of them was with child by him,
(robo malart mithise)
He left them on no unlucky course;
luid uadib cen chísal clé
But they let him go
co tísad afrithise.
On condition that he should come back again.
O rafáid co muintir múaid
When she had let him go to his fine friends
ráid fri tuintib a throm-shlúaig:
he rowed with all of his company,
ba soalt sochlaind ní súail
(this fosterling from a good family)
co toracht Lochlaind lonn-gluair.
to the brave land of Norway.
O rancadar dar sál sair
Once they reached the land across the sea
co n-ád is co n-oll-bladaib,
by their luck, and with high renown,
anait secht m-bliadna ar blaid
They stayed, seeking fame, for seven years
ic a charait comramaig.
With his triumphant friend.
Cechaing iarom Rúad na renn
After that, Rúad of the Spears
tar srothaib, fial-mod fég-sheng,
left across the sea, that keen and slender youth,
anair dar muir tríath-glan tend,
West, over the powerful billows of the sea,
co toracht íath-mag n-Érend.
Until he reached the plains of Ireland.
Eismech robói in rí co recht,
But royal Rúad played false
nírbo deis-breth ná daig-bert;
And showed poor judgement
cen dul co mná tar sruth slecht
Deciding not to return to the women across the level waters,
in cruth cétna rothairngert.
As he had promised he would.
Tan rogab triath-tuirid tess
When the proud chieftain landed southward
i n-iath Muirid na mag-les,
On the lowland holdings of the plain of Muired,
co crúad-chalad, clú cen ches,
That strong land of unclouded reputation for strength,
rochúaladar in arm-gres.
His men heard wild war music behind him.
Amrán sin na m-ban-ón binn,
It was the music of the women
tria glan-rád n-glan-óg n-guth-binn,
Their voices carrying in song
ic tetarracht Rúaid co rinn
as they pursued Rúad at spear-point
tar srúaim setal-balc sruth-glinn.
Over the rushing waves of the streaming tide.
Seólsat curchán créd nad clé,
They sailed in a boat of flawless bronze,
nír dub-chlár dér drongdige,
This was no dull hulk of a vessel.
a nónbur garg grinn-gel glé
All nine of them were there – fierce, radiantly bright,
i n-Inber n-ard n-Ollbine.
As they came to high Inber Ailbine.
Olc-gním rogene andsin
Then, a terrible thing happened:
ben díb cen ere n-essil,
One of the women – did she know what she was doing?
marbad maic Rúaid co m-blait bil
Was she aware that she risked the son of Rúad himself,
ocus a maic fodessin.
And her own son? –
Erchor don mac mó cach cair
She threw her son like a spear – a shocking act!
(ba treb-chol dó for talmain)
Rúad would remember it as a blot on his house forever;
rolá amach tria cacad cain
Yes, she hurled the child like a weapon
conidn-apad cen anmain.
And the boy was killed.
And as-bert slúag son-ard-se
Then Rúad’s people all together
rothecht Rúad rogarg rige
Cried out in one voice
uili cen chond im glonn n-glé
So horrified were they at this act;
“Ba h-oll, ba h-oll in bine!”
“Great, great was the harm!”
Desin atá, tairm cen tnú,
And from this famous story
a h-ainm, ní do dailb didu,
Undoubtedly comes the name
na h-aba, nad celam clú,
Of our familiar river –
feib adberam a fhiru. A F.
This is the story I tell to you.
[The “A.F.” at the end of this stanza is a dúnad, “closing”, referring to the opening words, “A fhiru”. This is a common way of marking the end of a poem within a manuscript. However, there are four more stanzas attached as a kind of coda, which deal with the naming of Mag Muired. You can read Gwynn’s translation of them here.] | <urn:uuid:cd791d80-5205-417c-ad1b-dc6c92e1086a> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://storyarchaeology.com/the-dindshenchas-of-inber-ailbine-gormanston-co-dublin/ | 2024-10-15T00:52:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.855651 | 2,293 | 2.625 | 3 |
Eskom Declares Load Shedding Suspension:
Eskom, South Africa’s major electricity public utility, has announced the suspension of load shedding until Sunday, citing the availability of emergency generation reserves.
This comes as a relief to the nation amid ongoing power challenges.
Eskom’s decision to suspend load shedding signifies a temporary respite from the power outages that have been affecting South Africa.
The availability of emergency reserves and lower demand have contributed to this development.
Eskom Urges Public Cooperation:
In response to the suspension of load shedding, Eskom has appealed to the public to cooperate by switching off non-essential appliances, particularly during the peak hours between 17:00 and 21:00.
This call for energy conservation is crucial to maintain the stability of the power grid.
Eskom’s plea for public cooperation highlights the shared responsibility of both the utility and the citizens in managing the country’s energy resources efficiently.
A Brief Overview of Eskom:
Eskom, established in 1923 as the Electricity Supply Commission, is a significant player in the South African energy sector.
It stands as the largest electricity producer in Africa and has gained global recognition for its generation capacity and sales.
Understanding Eskom’s role and prominence in the energy industry provides context for its recent decision to suspend load shedding.
Eskom’s Power Stations:
Eskom operates a range of power stations across South Africa, including the Matimba Power Stations, Medupi Power Station, Kusile Power Station, Kendal Power Station, and the Koeberg Nuclear Power Station, which is the sole nuclear power plant in Africa.
A glimpse into Eskom’s power stations sheds light on the infrastructure that plays a critical role in the country’s power supply.
Load Shedding Schedule:
Eskom advises residents to stay informed about load shedding schedules, especially those living in major metropolitan areas.
This knowledge is essential for households and businesses to prepare for potential power interruptions.
Keeping up with load shedding schedules is vital for South Africans to manage their energy consumption effectively.
In conclusion, Eskom’s decision to suspend load shedding is a momentary relief for South Africa, and the public’s cooperation in reducing energy demand remains crucial.
Understanding Eskom’s role and its power stations is essential for comprehending the dynamics of the country’s power supply, and staying updated on load shedding schedules is essential for preparedness.
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Join CryptoFiat Giveaway for free USDT giveaways and other opportunities! | <urn:uuid:022cf800-7786-4b5f-954d-860821898c43> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://tdpelmedia.com/eskom-suspends-load-shedding-relief-amidst-power-challenges/ | 2024-10-15T00:04:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.923222 | 580 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Crisp and Clear: Mastering Subject-Verb Agreement in English Grammar" is your go-to resource for understanding and applying this essential grammar rule. With straightforward explanations and practical examples, it demystifies the complexities of subject-verb agreement. Whether you're a student preparing for exams or a writer aiming for flawless prose, this guide will boost your language skills and help you construct grammatically impeccable sentences. Elevate your writing and communication with this invaluable tool. Get ready to conquer subject-verb agreement and enhance your language proficiency!
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Subject-verb agreement rules CBSE English 12th grade notes Grammar tips for subject-verb agreement Singular and plural subjects Compound subjects in English grammar Subject-verb agreement examples Exception cases in subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement exercises Subject-verb agreement quiz How to improve English grammar skills
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Address: A-32b, Top floor, Vishwakarma Colony, New Delhi - 110044 | <urn:uuid:ee3853b3-39c3-4aab-ba9a-eb8f4fca7870> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://techplanet.today/post/learning-material-and-practice-tests-crisp-and-clear-mastering-subject-verb-agreement-in-english-grammar | 2024-10-15T00:32:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.887665 | 472 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Introduction: The Illegal Hunting of Endangered Animals
The hunting of endangered animals is a serious problem that threatens the survival of various species. Despite the presence of laws and regulations that prohibit such practices, illegal hunting continues to occur in many parts of the world. The reasons for this range from economic incentives and cultural beliefs to ignorance and psychological factors.
Understanding the Motivations Behind Illegal Hunting
Illegal hunting is driven by a complex set of motivations that vary across different cultures and regions. These motivations can be broadly categorized into economic, cultural, psychological, and enforcement-related factors. Understanding these underlying factors is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent illegal hunting and protect endangered species.
Economic Incentives and Poaching
Poaching is often fueled by economic incentives, as the illegal trade in wildlife products can be highly lucrative. For example, rhino horns and elephant tusks are highly valued in some parts of the world for their use in traditional medicine or as luxury items. The illegal trade in these products has created a black market that is worth billions of dollars each year. The high profits associated with poaching make it an attractive option for some individuals, despite the risks involved.
Cultural and Traditional Beliefs: A Justification for Hunting
In some cultures, the hunting of endangered animals is considered a traditional practice that is deeply rooted in history and mythology. For example, some communities in Africa believe that hunting certain animals brings good luck or spiritual benefits. These cultural beliefs can make it difficult to convince people to stop hunting endangered species, even when it is illegal.
Ignorance and Lack of Awareness of the Consequences
Many people who engage in illegal hunting may not fully understand the consequences of their actions. For example, they may not be aware of the impact that hunting can have on the overall population of a species, or they may not understand the ecological role that the species plays in its ecosystem. Lack of awareness and education can contribute to illegal hunting, as individuals may not realize the harm they are causing.
The Thrill of the Hunt: Psychological Factors
For some individuals, the act of hunting itself is a motivating factor. The thrill of the hunt and the sense of accomplishment that comes with it can be powerful psychological incentives. This can lead some people to engage in illegal hunting, even when there is no economic or cultural justification for doing so.
The Role of Illegal Wildlife Trade Networks
Illegal wildlife trade networks play a significant role in the hunting of endangered animals. These networks facilitate the transportation and sale of illegal wildlife products, making it easier for poachers to profit from their activities. In some cases, these networks can be highly organized and difficult to dismantle.
Weaknesses in Law Enforcement and Punishment
Weaknesses in law enforcement and punishment can contribute to illegal hunting. If poachers believe that they are unlikely to be caught or that the punishment will be minimal, they are more likely to engage in illegal hunting. Strengthening law enforcement and punishment measures is therefore a critical step in reducing illegal hunting.
The Need for Education and Awareness Programs
Education and awareness programs are essential for reducing illegal hunting. These programs can help to increase awareness of the impact of hunting on endangered species, promote alternative livelihoods for local communities, and highlight the importance of protecting wildlife. Education and awareness programs can also help to change cultural attitudes towards hunting, making it less socially acceptable.
Conclusion: Protecting Endangered Species from Illegal Hunting
Illegal hunting poses a significant threat to the survival of many endangered species. Understanding the motivations behind this practice is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent it. These strategies must address not only economic incentives and cultural beliefs but also psychological factors and weaknesses in law enforcement and punishment. Education and awareness programs are also critical for promoting positive attitudes towards conservation and protecting endangered species from illegal hunting. Ultimately, the protection of endangered species requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the underlying causes of illegal hunting and promotes sustainable practices for the benefit of both wildlife and local communities. | <urn:uuid:e839f760-871e-4ac4-bbf9-c4ed85442edf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://thedogman.net/why-do-people-hunt-endangered-animals-when-it-is-illegal/ | 2024-10-15T01:00:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.942724 | 801 | 3.25 | 3 |
Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards the potential design of such a remote sensing system by: (1) identifying the properties of marine plastic debris amenable to remote sensing methods and (2) highlighting the oceanic processes relevant to scientific questions about marine plastic debris. Remote sensing approaches are reviewed and matched to the optical properties of marine plastic debris and the relevant spatio-temporal scales of observation to identify challenges and opportunities in the field. Finally, steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements. | <urn:uuid:62b8493d-ff69-4920-b712-6da3ac239266> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://theoceancleanup.com/scientific-publications/measuring-marine-plastic-debris-from-space-initial-assessment-of-observation-requirements/ | 2024-10-14T23:21:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.914698 | 175 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Using cutting-edge AI technology, coral ecologists in the UH Mānoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) are now able to identify and measure reef halos from space. Also known as grazing halos or sand halos, These features consist of ring-like patterns of bare sand that occur around coral patch reefs, and their presence is readily visible from satellite images.
“Reef halos may be important indicators of the health and vitality of coral reefs, but until now, their measurement and tracking has been a challenging and time-consuming process,” said Simone Franceschini, lead author of the study and postdoctoral research fellow in the Madin Lab at the Hawai’i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) in SOEST. “However, with this new method, we can accurately identify and measure reef halos on a global scale in a tiny fraction of the time it would take a human being to accomplish the same task.” “This work stems from our team’s understanding of the current state of AI technology and its potential applications for conservation research in coral reef ecosystems,” Madin added.
Although AI technology has shown excellent performance in the field of image analysis, the identification of halos—a complex, ecological pattern with much variation—was a challenge that required combining different deep learning algorithms.
“Reef halos are sometimes very clear in satellite imagery, with distinct edges and high contrast with background vegetation, but sometimes they are quite faint and hard to distinguish—even by a highly trained observer,” said Franceschini.”In the end, our team was able to develop a set of algorithms capable of taking into account the diversity of these patterns globally and identify and measure halos with surprising accuracy. It is hugely satisfying for us to now have built something that can accurately identify more than 90% of halos in some parts of the world.”
The team is aiming to develop, in the near future, a freely-available web app that can allow conservation practitioners, scientists, and resource managers to remotely, quickly, and inexpensively monitor aspects of reef health using satellite or drone imagery.
Image: Halos in the Red Sea. Credit: CNES/Airbus; DigitalGlobe.
The study is published in the journal Remote Sensing of Environment.
More information: Simone Franceschini et al, A deep learning model for measuring coral reef halos globally from multispectral satellite imagery, Remote Sensing of Environment (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113584 | <urn:uuid:e27d1b4f-974e-4fa9-a32f-434588193296> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://ultramarinemagazine.co.uk/news/ai-spots-reef-halos-from-space/ | 2024-10-14T23:59:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.936473 | 539 | 3.84375 | 4 |
The Underwater Research Center of the Russian Geographical Society has completed a survey of the Tserik-Kel Lake in Kabardino-Balkaria. But only so that they get to come back here again. Scientists are never truly satisfied when it comes to their achievements, regardless of how unique or significant these achievements are. And this time was no different. Four hundred dives. Over 150 launches of manned submersibles and ROV. And as the work went on, the appetites of the experts of the Underwater Research Center of the Russian Geographical Society grew.
Water and rock samples will help us create a geologic cross section of the lake area, as well as to conduct thorough analyses of the chemical and microbiological composition of lake water. This would provide some suggestions as to what kind of organisms inhabit the lake. Moreover, a 3D model of the underwater part of the lake was created using sonar data.
The experts also determined the amount of water leaving the reservoir every day – about 70 million liters per day. Our scientists have also expressed a hypothesis that, most likely, there is no single underground source feeding the lake. According to them, water flows evenly through cracks and fractures in the lake bottom that is also littered with stones falling from the walls. Thus, Tserik-Kel Lake is part of a large karst system located in the valley of the Cherek Balkarskiy River.
The scientists are hoping they will now be able to determine the origin of the Tserik-Kel Lake. Two hypotheses are being considered at the moment. According to one of them, the erosion of karst cavity occurred from above, and according to the other, there was an ascending source, which gradually expanded the cavity from below, finally finding its way out. According to the experts, Tserik-Kel Lake is approximately 10.000 years old.
Well, and now onto one of the more sensational findings of the expedition: the scientists found three previously undiscovered caves in the deeper part of the lake. Upon closer examination of one of the caves located in the southeastern part of the lake, our POV Marlin-350managed to reach the depth of 279m. And now this is the deepest point of the Tserik-Kel Lake. Prior to the discovery, it was believed that the maximum depth of the lake was 258m.
According to the Executive Director of the Underwater Research Center of the Russian Geographical Society and the leader of this expedition Sergey Fokin, the measurement of 279m is not final.
– “Our devices indicate that the cave is much deeper, but it feels like the lake doesn’t want to give up all of its secrets, and that’s why it let the fog roll into the cave, reducing visibility to near zero. We do not exclude the possibility that we will come back to the Blue Lake as part of a smaller expedition, but with specialized equipment designed for underwater cave exploration.” | <urn:uuid:792acd9c-b1ab-4bbd-86d5-92aab6a7d730> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://urc-rgs.ru/en/news?id=46 | 2024-10-14T23:50:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.964723 | 614 | 3.109375 | 3 |
(Time) – Two years ago, we crossed South Sudan together and saw the impact of conflict on school children of all ages, traumatized, without skills or hope. At the Protection of Civilians site in Juba, we talked to girls and boys about what they had suffered and what they wanted. They all said the same thing: education. Education is on the frontline of conflict today. School children are forced into militias. They are kidnapped and enslaved. Their teachers are abducted and killed. Classrooms have become torture chambers—playgrounds are used to stockpile weapons. | <urn:uuid:67c1f00b-bcaa-4d79-a6ba-15c216e3cbab> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://watchlist.org/news/education-is-the-key-to-breaking-the-cycle-of-violence/ | 2024-10-15T00:34:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.978027 | 114 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Mura-Drava-Danube – Green light for a transboundary UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
On March 2011, the Ministers responsible for environment and nature conservation of Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Serbia and Slovenia signed a joint declaration to establish the transboundary reserve. Following the preparatory steps after 10 years negotiations and work the Mura-Drava-Danube area became a transboundary Biosphere Reserve on 15 September 2021.
The Transboundary UNESCO Biosphere Reserve combines the area of thirteen protected zones along the Mura-Drava-Danube region and covers cc. 1 million hectares of area. It primarily covers the river and floodplains areas which are mostly situated within flood control dikes. This is the first biosphere reserve to connect five countries in the world. It brings together the Lower Mura Valley Biosphere Reserve (Austria), the Mura-Drava-Danube Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (Croatia and Hungary), the Bačko Podunavlje Biosphere Reserve (Serbia) and the Mura River Biosphere Reserve (Slovenia).
Beyond Scarcity – Water Scarcity and Drought Risk Management in the Danube Region
On 20-21 a workshop on Water Scarcity and Drought Risk Management in the Danube Region was organized by the World Bank and IAWD under the Danube Water Program together with GWP CEE.
The main objectives of the workshop was to raise awareness about the relevance, past and potential future impact of water scarcity and drought in the Danube Region and to provide a forum for technical exchange on good practice approaches to make the region more resilient against such extreme events. The workshop also aimed to collect challenges and potential support needs for future actions.
The workshop presentations and main conclusions are collected under the relevant event page:
First Litter Trap in the Danube has been opened
On September 21st the first Litter Trap in the Danube river at Budapest has been officially opened. The Litter Trap is placed in the Danube river in front of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The installment of the first Litter Trap has been initiated by CLEAR RIVERS and Audi Environmental Foundation in cooperation with Audi Hungaria and will collect floating litter for one year. The installation is fixed to a floating pontoon, from which it can easily be operated. In contrast to conventional nets, the partition panels barely interferes with the river as a habitat. This ensures that fish and other river creatures do not get caught in the catch basin but can dive beneath it.
During this pilot the project will retrieve plastic litter from the Danube. The retrieved litter will be monitored and made available for recycling. | <urn:uuid:ca30c2fe-9975-47b8-bb43-37c0d6826b09> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://waterquality.danube-region.eu/news-from-the-danube-region-september-2021/ | 2024-10-14T23:58:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.930802 | 555 | 2.828125 | 3 |
When benzene was discovered in a garage in the village of Roxana, Illinois something had to be done. This street department garage is located on a dangerous plume of benzene. At the time of the announcement in 2015, the garage was still housing government vehicles and supplies, increasing the frequency of risky benzene exposure. The plume is the result of a pipeline break at a nearby refinery.
The Port of Astoria in Oregon is also dealing with a similar situation of a benzene plume contaminating a government building.
Benzene exposure can be dangerous because it can cause acute myeloid leukemia and other blood cancers. Benzene is a toxic chemical compound derived from petroleum and coal. In 1986, there was a pipeline break at the Wood River Refinery. Benzene escaped contaminating the groundwater. Thus, in 2012 a lawsuit was filed by the Village of Roxana alleging that the garage site contains 2,600 times the legal limit of benzene. Now the village is spending $1.5 million to escape the potential harm of the benzene exposure.
The World Health Organization has warned that benzene exposure causes a number of blood-related cancers, as well as aplastic anemia. This is especially alarming because gasoline contains benzene and Americans are gas guzzlers. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, Americans used 137 billion gallons of gasoline in 2014. Benzene exposure is not to be taken lightly and it can only be hoped that the Village of Roxana has acted fast enough to safeguard their residents.
Contact Waters Kraus Paul & Siegel to Learn More About Filing a Benzene Lawsuit
The lawyers at Waters Kraus Paul & Siegel have been representing people who have been sickened by toxic exposures for more than twenty years. If you or a loved one has been exposed to benzene and diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, call our benzene attorneys at 800.226.9880. Learn more about how we can assist you with a benzene lawsuit. | <urn:uuid:fea94646-a5bd-42e5-9b2d-01e935169cbf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://waterskraus.com/benzene-exposure-risk-forces-illinois-village-ditch-city-garage/ | 2024-10-15T00:07:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.957941 | 410 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Eighty years ago, Feb. 3, 1943, on a frigid night in the North Atlantic, a German torpedo struck the SS Dorchester, creating a large hole beneath its waterline. The transport began sinking shortly after midnight. Many on board died when the torpedo exploded, hundreds more would lose their lives later.
Steve Yount, writing for the Denison Forum, described what happened, “In the chaos of abandoning ship, four men began to take charge – chaplains…”
Rabbi Alexander Goode saw a soldier returning to his cabin to get gloves, he offered the man his own, claiming he had two pairs. He and the other chaplains, Catholic John Washington and protestants George Fox and Clark Poling committed to saving others instead of themselves.
William Bednar, a survivor, who was thrown overboard by the explosion could hear, as he floated in the ocean, those still on the transport crying, pleading and praying. He vividly recalled listening as the four chaplains cared for his shipmates on the doomed craft, and said, “Their voices were the only thing that kept me going.”
The Dorchester’s captain had known his craft was in peril. They were sailing through an area of the Atlantic where Germany was sinking 100 ships a month. He was even aware of a submarine following them. Because of this, he ordered all aboard to remain dressed when they slept and to keep their life jackets nearby or to wear them. However, the heat below deck caused many to ignore his order, and after the torpedo struck many soldiers arrived on deck wearing only their underwear.
The attack was made even worse because most of the Dorchester’s lifeboats could not be launched. Ice already covered the deck, and the rapid listing of the ship prevented them from being deployed. The chaplains quickly began distributing life jackets, and when they ran out, gave away their own.
One survivor, John Ladd, said, “It was the finest thing I have seen or hope to see this side of heaven.”
As the ship slipped beneath the water, numerous survivors witnessed the chaplains standing arm in arm, braced against the slanting deck – praying together.
Coast Guard vessels in the convoy managed to rescue only 230 of the 902 who had been on board. Yount noted, “Only God knows how many survived because of the chaplains’ heroism.”
President Harry Truman memorialized their sacrifice saying, “They obeyed the divine commandment that men should love one another. They really lived up to the moral standard that declares: ‘Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends’” (John 15:13, KJV)
Sacrificially loving others is rarely easy, but it is always right. Few of us will ever be asked to sacrifice our lives for someone, but each of us can serve someone in need this week. The real question is whether when given the opportunity to serve others we will.
There’s a website where you can learn more about the chaplains and their impact.
The Webb City Sentinel isn’t a newspaper – but it used to be, serving Webb City, Missouri, in print from 1879-2020. This “newspaper” seeks to carry on that tradition as a nonprofit corporation.
© All Rights Reserved 2024
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Invented by Thomas Peter DeFelice, Duncan Axisa, Individual
Intelligent systems for weather modification programs refer to advanced technologies and tools that can manipulate weather patterns to achieve desired outcomes. These systems utilize artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics to analyze weather data, predict patterns, and make informed decisions to modify weather conditions.
One of the key drivers of the market for intelligent systems for weather modification programs is the growing awareness of climate change and its consequences. As global temperatures rise and extreme weather events become more frequent, governments and organizations are investing in technologies that can help them adapt to and mitigate these changes.
Intelligent systems for weather modification programs offer a range of benefits. They can help prevent or reduce the impact of natural disasters by altering weather patterns. For example, cloud seeding is a technique used to enhance precipitation by dispersing substances into the air that serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei. This can help alleviate drought conditions or prevent the formation of hail during storms.
Furthermore, intelligent systems can also be used to manage weather conditions for specific industries. For instance, agriculture heavily relies on favorable weather conditions for crop growth. By using intelligent systems, farmers can optimize irrigation schedules, predict rainfall patterns, and protect crops from extreme weather events.
The market for intelligent systems for weather modification programs is not limited to government agencies and organizations. Private companies are also investing in these technologies to protect their assets and operations. For example, insurance companies can use weather modification programs to reduce the risk of property damage caused by extreme weather events. Similarly, energy companies can optimize their operations by predicting wind patterns for wind farms or managing water resources for hydropower plants.
However, the market for intelligent systems for weather modification programs also faces challenges. Ethical considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory frameworks are important factors that need to be addressed. Critics argue that manipulating weather patterns can have unintended consequences and disrupt natural ecosystems. Therefore, it is crucial to strike a balance between the benefits of weather modification and its potential risks.
In conclusion, the market for intelligent systems for weather modification programs is experiencing significant growth as the need for climate control and weather manipulation becomes more urgent. These technologies offer a range of benefits, from mitigating the impact of natural disasters to optimizing operations in various industries. However, ethical and environmental considerations must be taken into account to ensure responsible and sustainable use of these technologies.
The Individual invention works as follows
Data, including the current locations of candidate cloud to be seeded, is obtained. Based on said data, a vehicle will be moved to a location near at least one candidate cloud to be seeded. The vehicle’s sensor suite is used to obtain weather and cloud data. The sensor suite of the vehicle is used to obtain parameters for the position of the vehicle. A machine-learning process is used to determine, based on weather and cloud data, the vehicle position parameters and which candidate clouds are suitable for seeding. It also determines where the seeding material should be dispersed within the selected candidate clouds. The vehicle is controlled so that it seeds the clouds according to the determined step.
Background for Intelligent systems for weather modification programs
Unmanned aerial vehicles (also known as UAVs) and manned or unmanned aircraft are included in the invention. Artificial intelligence, machine learning and similar technologies are also included in the invention.
Weather modification is the intentional manipulation or alteration of the weather. The most common type of weather modification involves cloud seeding in order to increase snow or rain. Cloud seeding is the process of dispersing substances in the air to serve as cloud condensation, ice nuclei or other cloud-forming elements. Cloud seeding is possible by using ground generators, flare trees on the ground, planes or rockets.
Unmanned aircraft vehicles or UAVs, also known as “drones”, are unmanned aircraft vehicles. An aircraft without a pilot is called a drone. UAVs form part of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). These systems include a UAV and ground-based controller as well as a communication system between them. UAVs can be controlled remotely by an operator, or by computers onboard.
Artificial intelligence or machine intelligence is intelligence displayed by machines in contrast to natural intelligence (NI), which is shown by humans and animals. Machine learning is an area of computer science which allows computer systems to improve their performance over time by using data without having to be explicitly programmed.
Aspects” of the invention provide intelligent weather modification systems. A method according to one aspect includes: obtaining data, including the locations of candidate cloud to be sown; moving a vehicle proximate to at least one candidate cloud to be sown based on this data; obtaining weather and clouds system data from a sensor set associated with the car, while both the vehicle and the sensor set are near the at least candidate cloud to be sown; and obtaining the vehicle position parameters using the sensor suite. The method also includes, using the weather and cloud data and vehicle position parameters, determining via a machine-learning process which candidate clouds should seeded and where within the seeded candidate clouds to distribute the appropriate seeding material. The method also includes controlling the vehicle in order to seed the candidate clouds according to the determining step.
In another aspect, an exemplary method comprises obtaining weather and cloud data from a ground based sensor suite comprising a plurality sensors associated with a seeding suite comprising a plurality seeding devices; based on this data, determining via a machine-learning process which individual ground based seeding devices to activate and when; sending control signals to each individual ground based seeding device to cause them to emit seeding materials in accordance with said determining step.
As used herein, ?facilitating? An action can be defined as performing an action, making it easier to perform the action, assisting in the execution of the action, or causing it to be performed. By way of illustration, and without limitation, instructions running on one processor could facilitate an action performed by instructions running on another processor by sending data or commands that cause or assist the action to be carried out. To avoid any doubt, even if an actor performs the action but facilitates it, that action is still performed by another entity or combination.
One or more embodiments or elements of the invention can be implemented as a computer-readable storage medium having computer-usable program code to perform the method steps specified. One or more embodiments or elements of the invention can also be implemented as a system or apparatus including a memory and at least one computer coupled to the memory to perform exemplary methods steps. In another aspect, one of more embodiments or elements of the invention can be implemented as means for performing one or multiple of the described method steps. The means can include hardware module(s), software module(s) that are stored on a computer-readable storage medium or multiple media and executed by a hardware processor or (iii), a combination (iii). Any of (i), (iii), and (iii), implement the specific techniques set out herein.
The skilled artisan will appreciate that the techniques of the present invention provide significant benefits in terms of technology. As compared to previous techniques, one or more embodiments base their cloud seeding decisions upon more relevant data about clouds and the environment. This allows for more accurate placement of seeding material and better cloud seeding outcomes. See also FIG. Refer to FIG.
The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying illustrations, will reveal these and other features and benefits of the invention.
Aspects of the invention offer techniques for cloud seeding and/or weather modification activities and/or programs. At least some embodiments provide an advanced engineering-science-based method adapted to enhance the safety of, plus, lower the footprint and cost of, contemporary weather modification (advertent and inadvertent), and/or cloud seeding operational and research programs or activities, while optimizing their effectiveness (compared to contemporary cloud seeding programs).
At the very least, some embodiments use information from sensors on-system to guide seeding actions, i.e. employ adaptive control. In fact, some embodiments are centered around ‘Intelligent’ control. As disclosed in this document, systems with adaptive control and functional abilities are used for weather modification programs and cloud seeding activities that are configured according to a specific program requirement. In at least some embodiments, a ground-based “Intelligent” system is used. System for seeding fog or airborne ?Intelligent? “System for seeding stratiform low-base clouds, stratiform elevated clouds and convective cloud.
It is important to note that some embodiments enhance existing techniques or systems. One current project that includes sensors or components that may be relevant for unmanned systems is the SBIR/STTR Phase II award from Innovative Dynamics, Inc., funded by the Navy, and entitled “Atmospheric Icing Condition Measurement System” (AIMS). The IceSight Ice Protection System Airborne Icing Measurement System is available from Innovative Dynamics Inc. in Ithaca, N.Y. The Cloud Water Inertial Probe sensor (CWIP), from Rain Dynamics, provides in-situ weather information for manned or unmanned aircraft. Rain Dynamics LLC, Boulder, Colo. USA, offers the Cloud Water Inertial Probe (CWIP) as well as the CWIP fin. Droplet Measurement Technologies, Longmont, Colo. USA, offers other useful devices. For example, the Cloud Droplet Probe can be used on large or mid-sized UAVs. Sara Lance, Coincidence errors in a Cloud Droplet probe (CDP) and a Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer, and the Improved performance of a Modified CDP, JOURNAL FOR ATMOSPHERIC & OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY volume 29, pages 1532-1541 (hereinafter referred to as “Lance 2012”). The entire text of Lance 2012 is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, even though the skilled artisan would be familiar with it. Droplet Measurement Technologies’ back-scatter clouds probe with polarization detector (BCPD) has the potential to detect icing with UAVs. K. Beswick and colleagues, The backscatter-cloud probe?a low-profile, autonomous optical spectrometer. Atmos, are cited. Meas. Tech. 7, 1443-1457, 2015 (hereinafter ?Beswick et al. 2014? 2014? Stratton Park Engineering Company, Boulder, Colo. (USA), is miniaturizing their cloud particle imagers (CPIs) and other cloud spectrometers to be used on UAVs. R. Paul Lawson et. al., “An overview of microphysical characteristics of Arctic clouds observed during FIRE ACE in May and July of 1998” J. Geophys. Res. 106 (D14), 14989-15014, Jul. 27, 20101, (hereinafter ?Lawson et al. 2001? 2001? The skilled artisan can use the elements and/or components described herein and similar to obtain at the very least a portion atmospheric and/or environment information that is used by one or more embodiments.
Some systems combine satellite-retrieved data with information from models and ground-based sensors. Meteorologists determine where to seed based on nearby data, what conditions will produce precipitation in the target area and when to turn on/off generators. The ground-based icing sensor, satellite data, and satellite retrieved information in current systems are not representative of where the information needed is to determine when to start or stop seeding, or evaluate seeding actions. Some embodiments measure the information from a location that is more accurate and relevant and then use it to initiate seeding. This information is used by at least some embodiments to ensure maximum effectiveness and efficiency near real-time, automatically.
One or more embodiments provides a method to improve performance and evaluation of programs or activities involving weather modification, cloud seeding or adaptive autonomous control using airborne and ground-based seeding systems and to prudently participate in the solutions to mitigate accidental weather modification.
Weather modification projects or cloud seeding are usually implemented on cloud systems, or portions of cloud that are inefficient in converting moisture to precipitation. The project is targeted at falling in a specific area. Cloud seeding is designed to make clouds more effective precipitators, regardless of the reason behind their inefficiency. Cloud seeding is a technology that has developed to be effective on cloud systems with the right conditions. Cloud seeding technology can be used to improve the efficiency of the water cycle. See, e.g. : DeFelice, T. P. (Ed. American National Standards Institute (Ed. (Ed. ASCE Standard Practices for the Design and Operations of Hail Suppression projects (39-15), ASCE Reston, Va. (USA) (hereinafter, ANSI/ASCE/EWRI, 2015); DeFelice T. P. (Ed. ASCE Standard Practices for the Design and Operations of Precipitation Improvement Projects (42-17), ASCE/EWRI Reston, Va. (hereinafter, ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 2017, DeFelice, T. P. and others, Extra Area Effects of Cloud Seeding?An Updated Assessment, Atmos. Res. 135-6, 193-203, 2014 (hereinafter DeFelice et al. Keyes, C. G. and others, Guidelines for Cloud Seeding to Augment Precipitation, Third Edition, ASCE Manuals & Reports on Engineering Practice No. ASCE, Reston Va., USA (240 pp.). The disclosures in Keyes and al. 2016 are hereby incorporated herein by reference, even though the skilled artisan is familiar with them. The weather modification program is conducted in all regions of the world where the clouds are suitable for the use by glaciogenic seeding agent, or hygroscopic cloud seeding agents.
Since the mid-1940s, when the first cloud seeding agents were tested (dry ice, silver iodide and AgI), operational cloud seeding has been carried out. Since the mid-1980s, cloud seeding has been used to enhance winter snowpacks in mountainous areas of western United States. Scientists estimate that glaciogenic seeding materials such as silver iodide complexes (AgI), can increase precipitation by up to 10% compared to natural conditions. Warm clouds or cloud types that are too warm to be used for glaciogenic seeding can also receive seeding. Hygroscopic seeding is the common name for this method. The results from warm cloud seeding, or hygroscopic seeds are positive but not conclusive. Seeding convective mixed-phase clouds has had mixed results and is often inconclusive. Seeding isolated clouds led to positive, if not always definitive changes in precipitation amounts. For objective evaluations of cloud seeding effectiveness, statistical and computer-based techniques have been developed to reduce the noise caused by these complex systems and the statistically low number of events. Environmental impact of using modern glaciogenic seeding agents, if any, is minimal. “At this time, the environmental impact of using hygroscopic seeds is minimal.
The current cloud seeding program may result in a 10% increase of precipitation (compared to the normal amount) when used with certain glaciogenic seeding techniques. The increase in percentage is subject to a high degree of uncertainty, and is unlikely to be higher, due to a number of factors, including: (a) the complexity of cloud systems, their interactions with the surrounding environment, (b), the technology’s readiness to sense the weather modification environment is inadequate, or (c) there are not enough data. (d) measurements made at a frequency and spatial resolution that is sufficient to reproduce the true state of the clouds, and (e), the sensors themselves were designed to measure the dependent variable. A standard liquid content probe, for example, can be used to measure liquid water content in an instrument. Even though the drop size of the clouds is different, the liquid water content for both clouds can be the exact same. This adds to the risk of a successful operation if seeding strategies do not match the cloud microstructure and droplet characteristics.
Manned aircraft is the most common platform to seed clouds. Manned aircraft are able to reach remote areas despite their high operating and maintenance costs, as well as their operational risks (e.g. use in mountainous terrain and icing conditions). In addition, there are also risks associated with the use of manned planes for cloud seeding. Some embodiments improve pilot safety by eliminating or reducing the need for manned flight and/or increasing the effectiveness of those flights, and thus reducing the number required. In the current cloud seeding and weather modification programs, heavily-instrumented aircraft are not used to conduct operations unless a research program is tied to the program. This information is not operationally used, even during a research project. In the airborne scenario, one or several embodiments use manned and unmanned airplanes, with instrumentation, adaptive autonomy, and autonomous autonomy. The sensor payload of the system is an important part of one or more embodiments. Costs are high to purchase manned seed aircrafts, seeding systems and instrumented aircrafts to support the research and development costs. The cost of maintaining them is high, and they must be certified for flight.
As a contrast, the current ground seeding system is much less expensive to purchase and maintain. The deployment and operation of ground seeding systems can sometimes be challenging. Their siting, for example, requires modeling to ensure that the seeding material is deposited in the correct clouds (e.g. Keyes et.al 2016), particularly when the terrain is mountainous, hilly and has little or no vegetation. In one or several embodiments, a?Intelligent’ system is used. In one or more embodiments, the use of ‘Intelligent’ Intelligent? Systems on the ground provide additional, often unavailable environmental data and operational seeding guidance similar to airborne?Intelligent?
The research and development programs that are aimed at optimizing the current technologies used to manage “treatable” processes can minimize the shortcomings of current weather modification/cloud seeding programmes. Atmospheric processes. DeFelice, T. P. A high-level atmosphere management program plan for a new millennium. J. Weather Modification, 34, 94-99 (2002)(hereinafter ?DeFelice 2002?) and Golden, J. et al. J. Weather Modification 38, 105 – 117 (2006) (hereinafter “Golden and DeFelice, 2006”). The complete disclosures from both are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. However, the skilled artisan is likely to be familiar with them. Most program sponsors do not gain much benefit by using the existing technology, but they incur significant costs. Research and development funding is therefore scarce.
Click here to view the patent on Google Patents. | <urn:uuid:f0ee065f-0cbe-4a7e-8f8b-e845fb587df2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://wp.powerpatent.com/2023/09/08/invention-for-intelligent-systems-for-weather-modification-programs-us10888051b2/ | 2024-10-15T00:55:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.92525 | 3,899 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Preventing ACL Tears in Basketball: Expert Tips for Long-Term Joint Health is crucial for any player who wants to maintain a successful and injury-free career on the court. Basketball is a high-intensity sport that demands quick changes in direction, sudden stops, and explosive jumps, all of which can put significant stress on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). This vital ligament plays a key role in stabilizing the knee joint, and an ACL tear can be a devastating injury that sidelines players for months or even ends careers prematurely.
As a basketball player or coach, understanding the importance of ACL injury prevention is paramount. Not only can it help you avoid the pain and lengthy rehabilitation process associated with ACL tears, but it can also enhance your overall performance and longevity in the sport. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore expert-backed strategies to protect your ACL and maintain optimal joint health throughout your basketball journey.
The Anatomy of ACL Injuries in Basketball
Before diving into prevention techniques, it’s essential to understand why ACL injuries are so common in basketball. The ACL is one of four main ligaments in the knee joint, connecting the femur (thighbone) to the tibia (shinbone). Its primary function is to prevent the tibia from sliding forward in relation to the femur and to provide rotational stability to the knee.
In basketball, ACL injuries often occur during non-contact situations, such as:
- Sudden deceleration or stopping
- Cutting or changing direction quickly
- Landing awkwardly from a jump
- Pivoting with a planted foot
These movements can create excessive force on the ACL, potentially leading to a partial or complete tear. Female athletes are particularly susceptible to ACL injuries due to factors such as hormonal influences, anatomical differences, and neuromuscular imbalances.
H2: Expert Strategies for Preventing ACL Tears in Basketball
Now that we understand the mechanics behind ACL injuries, let’s explore ten expert-recommended strategies for preventing ACL tears in basketball and ensuring long-term joint health.
1. Develop Proper Landing Techniques
One of the most critical aspects of preventing ACL tears in basketball is mastering proper landing techniques. When you jump, aim to land softly with your knees bent and your feet shoulder-width apart. This distributes the impact forces evenly across your lower body, reducing stress on the ACL.
Practice the following landing techniques:
- Land on the balls of your feet and roll back to your heels
- Keep your knees in line with your toes
- Avoid letting your knees collapse inward (valgus position)
- Engage your core muscles to maintain balance
Incorporate these landing drills into your warm-up routine to reinforce proper mechanics:
- Single-leg hops with soft landings
- Box jumps with emphasis on quiet landings
- Depth jumps focusing on quick, controlled landings
2. Strengthen Your Core and Lower Body
A strong core and lower body provide the foundation for stable movements and help protect your knees from excessive forces. Focus on exercises that target your glutes, quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles.
Include these exercises in your strength training program:
- Squats (back squats, front squats, and goblet squats)
- Lunges (forward, reverse, and lateral)
- Deadlifts (conventional and Romanian)
- Calf raises (standing and seated)
- Planks and side planks for core stability
Remember to maintain proper form during these exercises to maximize their effectiveness and minimize the risk of injury.
3. Improve Your Balance and Proprioception
Balance and proprioception (your body’s ability to sense its position in space) are crucial for maintaining stability during dynamic movements on the basketball court. Enhancing these skills can help you react more quickly to unexpected situations and reduce the risk of ACL injuries.
Try these balance exercises:
- Single-leg stands (progress to unstable surfaces like a BOSU ball)
- Single-leg squats
- Single-leg Romanian deadlifts
- Wobble board exercises
- Basketball-specific drills on unstable surfaces
4. Incorporate Plyometric Training
Plyometric exercises, which involve quick, explosive movements, can help improve your power, agility, and neuromuscular control. These exercises teach your body to absorb and produce force efficiently, which is essential for preventing ACL tears in basketball.
Include these plyometric drills in your training:
- Box jumps
- Depth jumps
- Lateral bounds
- Tuck jumps
- Single-leg hops
Start with low-intensity plyometrics and gradually progress to more challenging exercises as your strength and technique improve.
5. Focus on Proper Cutting and Pivoting Techniques
Cutting and pivoting are essential skills in basketball, but they also pose a significant risk for ACL injuries if not performed correctly. Practice proper technique to minimize stress on your knees:
- Keep your knees slightly bent during cuts and pivots
- Maintain a low center of gravity
- Push off with the outside foot when changing direction
- Avoid sudden, jerky movements
- Keep your feet, knees, and hips aligned
Incorporate these drills to improve your cutting and pivoting skills:
- Cone drills with emphasis on proper footwork
- Ladder drills for quick feet and coordination
- Mirror drills with a partner to practice reactive movements
6. Implement a Comprehensive Warm-up Routine
A thorough warm-up is crucial for preparing your body for the demands of basketball and reducing the risk of ACL injuries. Design a warm-up routine that includes:
- Dynamic stretching to improve flexibility and range of motion
- Light cardiovascular exercise to increase blood flow
- Sport-specific movements to activate basketball-related muscle groups
- Balance and proprioception exercises
- Agility drills to improve reaction time and coordination
The FIFA 11+ warm-up program, originally designed for soccer players, has been shown to reduce ACL injuries and can be adapted for basketball players.
7. Use Proper Footwear and Court Surfaces
Wearing appropriate basketball shoes and playing on suitable court surfaces can significantly contribute to preventing ACL tears in basketball. Look for shoes that provide:
- Good traction to prevent slipping
- Adequate ankle support
- Proper cushioning to absorb impact forces
When it comes to court surfaces, ensure that:
- The court is clean and free of debris
- There are no wet spots or slippery areas
- The surface provides consistent traction
8. Maintain Proper Nutrition and Hydration
While often overlooked, nutrition and hydration play a crucial role in injury prevention and overall joint health. A well-balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods can help reduce inflammation and support tissue repair. Focus on consuming:
- Lean proteins for muscle repair and growth
- Complex carbohydrates for sustained energy
- Healthy fats for joint lubrication
- Fruits and vegetables for antioxidants and micronutrients
Stay properly hydrated before, during, and after basketball activities to maintain optimal joint function and reduce the risk of fatigue-related injuries.
9. Prioritize Rest and Recovery
Adequate rest and recovery are essential for preventing ACL tears in basketball and maintaining long-term joint health. Overtraining can lead to fatigue, decreased performance, and increased injury risk. Incorporate these recovery strategies into your routine:
- Get sufficient sleep (7-9 hours per night)
- Use foam rolling and self-massage techniques
- Practice yoga or stretching for improved flexibility
- Consider ice baths or contrast therapy for muscle recovery
- Take regular rest days to allow your body to recover
10. Seek Professional Guidance and Screening
Working with a sports medicine professional, such as a physical therapist or certified strength and conditioning coach, can provide personalized guidance for preventing ACL tears in basketball. These experts can:
- Assess your movement patterns and identify potential risk factors
- Design a customized injury prevention program
- Provide technique corrections and feedback
- Offer sport-specific training recommendations
Consider undergoing a functional movement screen or biomechanical analysis to identify any imbalances or weaknesses that may increase your risk of ACL injuries.
The Long-Term Benefits of ACL Injury Prevention
By implementing these expert strategies for preventing ACL tears in basketball, you’re not only reducing your risk of injury but also setting yourself up for long-term success in the sport. The benefits of a comprehensive ACL injury prevention program extend far beyond avoiding tears and include:
- Improved overall performance on the court
- Enhanced agility, speed, and power
- Better body awareness and control
- Reduced risk of other lower extremity injuries
- Increased confidence in your movements
- Longer, more successful basketball career
Remember that consistency is key when it comes to injury prevention. Make these strategies a regular part of your training routine, and you’ll reap the rewards of improved joint health and performance for years to come.
Conclusion: Empowering Your Basketball Journey
Preventing ACL tears in basketball is a crucial aspect of maintaining a successful and enjoyable career on the court. By implementing the expert tips and strategies outlined in this guide, you’re taking proactive steps to protect your knees and ensure long-term joint health.
From mastering proper landing techniques and strengthening your core to improving your balance and incorporating plyometric training, each strategy plays a vital role in reducing your risk of ACL injuries. Remember to focus on proper nutrition, rest, and recovery, and don’t hesitate to seek professional guidance when needed.
By making ACL injury prevention a priority, you’re not only safeguarding your knees but also enhancing your overall performance and longevity in the sport you love. Embrace these strategies, stay consistent in your efforts, and enjoy a thriving, injury-free basketball career.
- Q: How common are ACL tears in basketball? A: ACL tears are unfortunately quite common in basketball, with an estimated 150,000 to 200,000 ACL injuries occurring annually in the United States across all sports. Basketball players are particularly susceptible due to the sport’s demands for quick changes in direction and explosive movements.
- Q: Can ACL tears be completely prevented? A: While it’s impossible to completely eliminate the risk of ACL tears, implementing proper prevention strategies can significantly reduce the likelihood of injury. Consistent training, proper technique, and overall body awareness are key factors in minimizing your risk.
- Q: How long does it take to recover from an ACL tear? A: Recovery time for an ACL tear can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the individual’s healing process. On average, it takes about 6 to 9 months of rehabilitation before an athlete can return to their sport following ACL reconstruction surgery.
- Q: Are female basketball players more likely to experience ACL tears? A: Yes, female athletes are generally 2 to 8 times more likely to experience ACL tears compared to their male counterparts. This increased risk is attributed to factors such as hormonal influences, anatomical differences, and neuromuscular imbalances.
- Q: Can wearing a knee brace help prevent ACL tears in basketball? A: While knee braces can provide additional support and may help prevent certain injuries, there is limited evidence to suggest that they significantly reduce the risk of ACL tears. It’s more important to focus on proper training techniques, strength building, and overall injury prevention strategies. | <urn:uuid:d60de47a-7a4c-40f8-9043-f16c956d646e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://wvtra.org/injuries-prevention/prevention-tips/10-essential-strategies-for-preventing-acl-tears-in-basketball-expert-tips-for-long-term-joint-health/ | 2024-10-14T23:54:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.912347 | 2,357 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Raising SAT Scores or Choosing the Right College?
The New York Times article, “Why Does the SAT Endure?” shares the opinions of students and educators relative to the importance of the SAT and its relevance to college admissions. I would like to examine their comments within the larger college admissions and college-planning context.
Professor David Z. Hambrick, an associate professor psychology at Michigan State University states:
“The SAT works for its intended purpose—predicting success in college…the SAT is largely a measure of general intelligence. Scores on the SAT correlate very highly with scores on standardized tests of intelligence, and like IQ scores, are stable across time and not easily increased through training, coaching or practice. SAT preparation courses appear to work, but the gains are small—on average, no more than about 20 points per section.”
I would respectfully disagree with Professor Hambrick
According to College Results Online, the University of Michigan students have median SAT scores of 625 Verbal and 690 Math. The University of Michigan’s student population is 65.3 percent White, 6.3 percent Black, 11.9 percent Asian, and 4.4 percent Latino and has a 72.7 percent four-year graduation rate.
In contrast, Spelman College students’ median SAT scores of 540 Verbal and 530 Math are 22.9 percent lower than those of students accepted at the University of Michigan. However, Spelman College, whose student population is 91.2 percent Black, boasts a higher four-year graduation rate (75.5 percent) than the University of Michigan.
Contrary to Professor’s Hambrick’s beliefs, the SAT is not a predictor of general intelligence or college success. A much greater predictor is the “college choice,” i.e., where a student enrolls in college.
Fred Oswald, associate professor psychology at Rice University states:
“Decades of research findings on more than a million students indicated that the SAT can identify promising and well prepared high school students. Admissions tests predict college and university grades as well as many other academic professional outcomes.”
The median SAT scores of the freshman class at Rice University are 700 Verbal and 725 Math. The four-year graduation rate at Rice is 82.5 percent. However, despite SAT scores that are 33.2 percent higher than students at Spelman, the four-year graduation rate is only 8.5 percent higher. Subsequently, the 33 percent difference in SAT translates to less than a 10 percent in graduation rates, or college success.
Despite research evidence that suggests that SAT scores are a predictor of college success, there is other research that suggests that the SAT is racially bias. Perhaps students and parents should carefully consider how much time and money they devote to increasing SAT scores as opposed to the time and money they devote to engaging in a good college search to identify the best college for the student to attend.
Despite research evidence that suggests that SAT scores are a predictor of college success, there is other research that suggests that the SAT is racially bias. My advice to students and parents is to carefully consider how much time and money they devote to increasing SAT scores. A much better predictor of college success is:
- Ensure that students take high school classes that adequately prepare students for college, particularly the ability to think, write, and communicate
- Carefully research colleges to ensure the right fit, i.e., size of the school, average class size, graduation rates, institutional concern for student success, the overall climate and culture of the college or university
- The learning environment and institutional belief in the success of its students, i.e., “Does the college care about whether a student is successful and adequately prepared for graduate school or careers.” | <urn:uuid:1c07f1ba-2d08-4c23-8db1-f4f58822f064> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.accessandequity.org/raising-sat-scores-or-choosing-the-right-college/ | 2024-10-15T00:36:16Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.959224 | 783 | 2.625 | 3 |
What is Addiction?
WHAT IS ADDICTION?
Addiction is a brain disease. It’s a chronic disease, a long-lasting condition that can be managed, but not cured. Addiction is a disease that affects both the brain and behavior. Just like asthma is a chronic lung disease, addiction is a chronic brain disease. People who are addicted to drugs or alcohol aren’t bad people. They are people with a disease that needs treatment.
Here at Access Hospital, our chemical medical unit (Unit 53) is focused on the empowerment and facilitation of liberation from addictive behaviors. Addictive behaviors can be characterized by any activity, substance, object, or behavior that has become the major focus of a person’s life. These behaviors become problematic when they lead to the exclusion of other activities, or when they begin to harm the individual or others physically, mentally, or socially.
At Access Dayton we focus on both the physical and mental nature of addiction.
What causes Drug Addiction?
People begin taking drugs or alcohol for a variety of reasons and most do not realize the consequences of their behaviors can be life-long. Often times the immediate effect of the substance “feels-good.” Most abused drugs produce intense feelings of pleasure. This initial sensation of euphoria is followed by other effects, which differ with the type of drug used. For example, with stimulants such as cocaine, the “high” is followed by feelings of power, self-confidence, and increased energy. In contrast, the euphoria caused by opiates such as heroin is followed by feelings of relaxation and satisfaction. Over time, if drug use continues, other pleasurable activities of daily life become less pleasurable, and taking the drug becomes necessary for the user just to feel “normal.”
Especially for people suffering from a mental illness such as social anxiety, depression, or stress-related disorders, drug use serves as a self-prescribed medication. The drugs initial impact can help to lessen the person’s feelings of distress. If a person’s brain chemicals are imbalanced, then often times using a drug gives them a renewed sense of power over their brain; they become in control of how they feel.
Other people begin abusing drugs in an attempt to better themselves, or to chemically enhance their performance skills, often as a result of pressure from others or put upon themselves. This initial experimentation and continued abuse of drugs such as prescription stimulants or anabolic/androgenic steroids can become highly addictive and reach dangerous levels as the individual becomes more and more obsessed with enhancement.
What does it mean to be Addicted?
Addiction can be characterized by craving, seeking, and continued use of drugs or alcohol that persist even in the face of devastating life consequences. Drug or alcohol addiction is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is considered a brain disease because abused substances alter the brain—impacting both structure and function of multiple brain circuits that are responsible for governing self-control, judgment, decision making, as well as learning and memory. Although the initial decision to take drugs is typically voluntary, with continued use, a person’s ability to exert self-control can become seriously impaired; this impairment in self-control is the hallmark of addiction.
It is important for you to know that drug addiction is treatable with medications and combined behavioral therapies. However, relapse is common and can happen even after long periods of abstinence, underscoring the need for long-term support and care. Relapse does not signify treatment failure, but rather should prompt treatment re-engagement or modification. It is important for you to know that drug addiction is treatable with medications and combined behavioral therapies. However, relapse is common and can happen even after long periods of abstinence, underscoring the need for long-term support and care. Relapse does not signify treatment failure, but rather should prompt treatment re-engagement or modification.
What are the physical signs of abuse or addiction?
The physical signs of abuse or addiction can vary depending on the person and the drug being abused. Each drug has short-term and long-term physical effects. For example, someone who abuses marijuana may have a chronic cough or worsening of asthmatic symptoms. Stimulants like cocaine increase heart rate and blood pressure, whereas opioids like heroin may slow the heart rate and reduce respiration.
Are some people more likely to become addicted than others?
People of all ages suffer the harmful consequences of drug abuse and addiction. Although biological, social, developmental, and environmental factors can play large parts in a person’s addiction tendencies, no single factor determines whether a person will become addicted to drugs. Some people seem to get addicted to their drug of choice almost immediately, but for others, it takes more time. There is a lot we still don’t know about who becomes addicted and why, and after how much drug exposure. We do know that the earlier you stop usage, the more likely you will be to avoid long-term addiction and the harmful brain changes that lead to it. | <urn:uuid:6c2c0738-6b73-4085-83ba-357abfdbae45> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.accesshospital.com/PatientResources/WhatisAddiction | 2024-10-14T23:42:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.95666 | 1,042 | 3.53125 | 4 |
In this “An Icon of Civil Rights : Question and Answers“, we will discuss King’s life, his work, and his legacy. We will explore his contributions to the civil rights movement, his philosophy of nonviolence, and his impact on American society. We will also discuss his assassination and its aftermath. Read More 9th Class English Question and Answers.
An Icon of Civil Rights Question and Answers
Answer the following questions.
The speaker talks about “creative battle” in the beginning of his speech. What does he mean by this phrase?
Martin Luther King (Jr) describes the Civil Rights Movement of the blacks in the USA as a ‘Creative battle’. This is to show that the battle is going to ‘create’ a new world. The battle uses ‘good’ will and ‘good’ intention as weapons. It follows ‘good’ methods like ‘truth’, ‘non-violence’ and ‘love’. Its aim is to promote universal brotherhood. Hence it is a creative battle.
What is Martin Luther King’s speech about? List the issues he is talking about.
Martin Luther King’s speech is about justice and equality. It is about universal brotherhood. It is about food to every body, education to every mind and dignity and respect for every spirit. It is about truth, love and peace. It is delivered as Nobel Prize acceptance speech.
Do you think that this is an emotive speech ? If yes, pick out the expressions that show it is an emotive speech.
Yes, it is an emotive speech. Every part, in fact, is an example to prove the point. Yet, here are some striking expressions : 22 million Negroes are engaged in a creative battle ; our children, crying for brotherhood, were answered with fire hoses beleaguered and unrelenting struggle ………
What sort of future does the speaker visualize for the Americans and the mankind in general?
Martin Luther King (Jr) is full of hope. He visualises a bright future for Americans and humanity. He dreams of a widening and lengthening super highway. Blacks and whites will travel along it in a cooperative and brotherly mood. That will lead them to an ideal land. There everyone gets food, education, justice, equality and dignity. Love, truth and peace will rule supreme.
King’s work continues to be relevant today. We still live in a world where racism and discrimination persist. | <urn:uuid:75b0d71d-097b-4868-b2af-8db9aaa8b8b9> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.aplustopper.com/an-icon-of-civil-rights-question-and-answers/ | 2024-10-14T23:55:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.957136 | 524 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Hepatitis C is a viral infection that inflames the liver. Over time, the infection can lead to
cirrhosis of the liver,
liver cancer, and
liver failure. The virus is spread by direct contact with infected blood. The virus is
not transmitted by casual contact or by sharing food/drink.
According to the
CDC: Hepatitis C virus infection is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the United States; approximately 3.2 million persons are chronically infected.
SYMPTOMS OF HEPATITIS C
More than half of people newly infected with the virus show no symptoms. Symptoms are usually mild. They may include:
- Joint pain and sore muscles
DIAGNOSING HEPATITIS C
Complete recovery from hepatitis C occurs 15-25% of the time. Unfortunately, 75% - 85% of patients infected with the virus will develop chronic hepatitis C. Many patients are without symptoms, so cases can go on for years before being diagnosed.
A blood test is used to diagnose hepatitis C. A blood test can identify high levels of liver enzymes in blood infected with hepatitis C. A liver biopsy can determine if there is significant liver damage.
Acute hepatitis C infections can be identified 1-3 weeks after contact with infected blood.
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR HEPATITIS C
Antiviral medication can eliminate the virus in many cases. Liver transplantation may be necessary if the liver damage is too great for the liver to repair itself. However, liver transplantation is not a complete cure and patients may need to continue antiviral medication after a transplant.
PREVENTING HEPATITIS C
Vaccinations for hepatitis A and B can prevent a patient with hepatitis C from contracting the other viruses. Hepatitis A and B are more severe in patients with hepatitis C, so vaccinations against both viruses are recommended.
People at risk for hepatitis C should be screened for the virus with a blood test.
Patients with the following are at risk:
- Children whose mothers have hepatitis C;
- Clotting disorders, such as hemophilia;
- Blood transfusion before 1992;
- History of intravenous drug use;
- Born in the years 1945-1965;
- Received body piercing or tattoos done with non-sterile instruments. | <urn:uuid:2ad1dac0-0202-4fcd-a872-765c647551b4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.barnesjewish.org/Medical-Services/Digestive-Diseases/Liver-Disease-Hepatology/Hepatitis-C | 2024-10-15T00:32:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.915564 | 493 | 4.03125 | 4 |
Engaging Author Inspires Students
In honor of National Reading Month, elementary students at Lone Pine and Eastover Elementary Schools were treated to a lively, interactive presentation by children’s book author Baptiste Paul. This author uses imagery and passion to teach students about research and the writing process, and as a self-proclaimed storyteller, shared, “You capture an audience’s attention with your stories; this is the beauty of books!”
Paul tailored his presentations to his audience and grade level. The author talked about his life growing up on the island of St. Lucia, his passion for nature and environmentalism, his family, both in the United States and in the Caribbean, and his absolute love of books and reading. Paul discussed several writing techniques with students; one theme was on research techniques, such as interviewing family members to find facts. Another topic was using describing words to paint a picture with your words, while using the five senses to harness the power of storytelling.
Students listened to Paul with rapt attention. “I want you to feel something, I want you to see something. The words I use draw you in and make you feel what I feel. I am inviting you to experience something,” Paul told the audience. Baptiste Paul focused on three of his books: Climb On!, The Field, and I am Farmer. The author uniquely engaged students by asking questions and incorporating humor into the presentation. After a student volunteers an answer, the group is asked to give the child a round of applause. If a student was heard disagreeing with an answer, Paul reminded his writers that we are all in a safe space and no one should feel like they can’t take a risk by making a mistake.
Paul encouraged students to be physically active during his stories. When the line, “I’m open,” (referring to a soccer player on the field) was read, Paul told the room to wave their hands in the air. Vivid and colorful illustrations in the books piqued students’ interest while Paul conveyed the mood of the page through body language and tone. Eastover Principal Andy Gignac observed, “To capture 300 kindergarteners, first and second graders' attention while embedding movement into storytelling, we couldn’t ask for a better enrichment opportunity for our students!”
Eastover third grade student, Elise White, enthused, “I really love the pictures that are in his books. He is a very nice person and the assembly was very, very fun!” Baptiste Paul wrapped up his presentation with the advice, “Be open to experiences to be a better writer,” which paralleled another poignant lesson he declared early in the presentation, “I want you to love reading!” | <urn:uuid:86936cb5-99b0-48b6-926f-201872fc9cff> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.bloomfield.org/about-bhs/news-and-spotlights/news-posts-page/~board/district-news/post/engaging-author-inspires-students | 2024-10-14T23:33:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.972875 | 579 | 2.640625 | 3 |
What are Life Skills?
We pick up life skills throughout or childhood, teens and into adulthood to help us to function in difficult situations. They include practical skills such as managing a budget and time-keeping, and abstract skills such as empathy and perseverance.* Although our children are achieving higher and higher levels of academic achievement, many employers and universities complain that students’ basic life skills are often lacking. When and where should children start to practise these important abilities?
The responsibility of schools
The classroom is a great place to introduce basic life skills, even with very young students, as many of the essential skills such as organisation, looking after personal possessions, and team-working are also necessary for school.
Teachers of primary students often have classroom reward systems, where students receive points for arriving on time, clearing up their workspace, and showing kindness towards others. Primary students are also introduced to more difficult skills, such as how to behave in an emergency, through drills and games to practise emergency procedures.
For secondary students, schools often focus on preparing students to manage their study time, keep detailed study notes, and present themselves in a professional manner. Although these are study skills, they are also crucial to finding and keeping a job. Students are more likely to take these lessons seriously if they know that the skills they are learning are transferable to the real world.
What can parents do?
Although schools can incorporate life skills in lessons, teachers see students for such a short period of time that the vast majority of skills are learnt and practised in the home rather than in the classroom.
As well as the obvious practical skills such as cleaning or cooking, why not include your child when you complete financial tasks, such as paying bills? Children can be involved in making a shopping list, planning a menu for a family meal, or any other practical task which you can safely oversee.
More important than practical skills, as a parent your biggest input is as an example of life skills for your child. This does not mean that you need to display perfect organisational skills at all times – you are human! But it does mean that when things go wrong, we can explain why and use perseverance to get back on track, modelling the behaviour we hope to see from our children in the future.
At the British Council
In our Primary Plus classes, students complete tasks every five weeks which require organisation and team work. The topics of our Primary Plus materials are also geared towards real-world skills, such as what to do in an emergency, how to follow basic instructions, or developing empathy. These skills are motivating for the students, meaning that they are more engaged in the lesson and ultimately learn more English.
Our Secondary students are exposed to much more complex themes in our themed lessons every term, such as online safety or bullying. These issues require teamwork, communication, and empathy, and lead on to practical tasks which students can do inside and outside the classroom as homework.
All of our students are required to use the life skill of perseverance to achieve goals which are challenging and motivating. Learning a language to a high level is a long and difficult task, and our teachers help students to break this up into manageable chunks through the use of objectives for every lesson, termly progress reports, and regular reflection on their progress. | <urn:uuid:67befa4b-c2f5-45f0-bc27-0705bfc97bbf> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.britishcouncil.my/english/courses-children/resources/what-are-life-skills | 2024-10-14T23:17:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.97522 | 670 | 3.953125 | 4 |
A lottery is a process for awarding monetary prizes based on the draw of lots. It is one of the most popular forms of public finance and is generally seen as a desirable alternative to taxation and borrowing. Lotteries can also be used to allocate rights to subsidized housing, kindergarten placements and other benefits. They are also a common fundraising technique for schools and churches. In the United States, a state-run lottery is a common method for raising money to support public services and educational programs. Privately organized lotteries are also popular, with many games being sold by mail. Despite prohibitions on mail-in lotteries, smuggling and other violations of interstate and international regulations occur.
The first European lotteries took place in the cities of Burgundy and Flanders in the 15th century. They were primarily used to raise money for local purposes such as building defenses or helping the poor. In the 1740s, American colonies sanctioned more than 200 public lotteries to help pay for the construction of roads, canals, bridges and colleges. Some lotteries also raised funds for military and naval purposes.
A centralized computer system is often required for recording lottery tickets and drawing results, especially for large-scale lotteries. In addition, a network of retail outlets is usually necessary to sell tickets and receive payments for entries. The lottery software is typically provided by a third party. A computer is also often used to verify lottery entries and certify the legitimacy of winning tickets. In a few countries, lotteries are supervised by the federal government and are conducted under strict rules.
In order to increase the odds of winning, it is recommended that players choose numbers in a wide range of the total pool. This is because it is rare to get consecutive numbers in the same lottery draw. Moreover, it is important to avoid numbers that end in the same digit as well as numbers that are repeated in a group. According to Richard Lustig, a lottery expert, this is because such numbers have been found to be less likely to win.
Although many people claim to be able to beat the odds and become millionaires through lottery, the truth is that there is no such thing as a guaranteed way to win. It is also important to remember that if you do happen to win the lottery, it is essential to plan for your taxes and be responsible with your newfound wealth. Otherwise, you may find yourself broke soon after becoming rich.
While it is tempting to spend your winnings on luxuries, you should always consider giving some of it away to charity. This is not only the right thing to do from a moral perspective, but it will also bring you joy and a sense of fulfillment. Remember that wealth is not an end in itself, but it is a means to provide happiness and pleasure to others. Lastly, it is essential to stay grounded and not lose sight of what is truly important in life. | <urn:uuid:095183e5-0b20-4cb8-b168-1b927490d8ad> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.can-lodgingnews.com/what-is-a-lottery-5/ | 2024-10-14T23:24:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.980286 | 586 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Confirm accurate 1917 penny value. Date of the coin is the first step in a process of judging how much it's worth. Two more factors play key roles, Mintmarks and Condition.
Mintmarks identify the mint that struck the coin. Condition is determined by comparing the preservation of your coin to the grading images to find a close match.
Described and imaged below, these are used to confirm the correct variety of your 1917 wheat penny.
Steps Leading to Value:
Step 1: Date and Mintmark Variety – Identify each date and its mintmark variety.
Step 2: Grading Condition – Judge condition to determine grade.
Step 3: Special Qualities – Certain elements either enhance or detract from value
1917 Lincoln Penny Value
Condition of Coin
1917 Lincoln Penny Value Up-Dated
Reading the chart and identifying the value 1917 pennies follows a process. Correctly determine mint marks first. Next judge condition to narrow the value range.
Three mints struck wheat cents in 1917, each produced a different mintage. Original supply leads to availability today. Values reflect the scarcity of each mint.
Additionally, collectors rate the condition of coins through a grading process. Their desire with any collection is nice quality coins. 1917, one of the early years becomes elusive in grades above Fine condition. Grading is a must.
Begin the value process with Mint Marks:
Step 1: | Date and Mintmark Combination
Identify 1917 Penny Variety
Many 1917 cents were produced, however most circulated and became worn to heavily worn. Today's challenge is finding coins with little to no wear. Demand from collectors is supporting nice premiums for better quality coins.
1917 Lincoln Penny
No Mintmark Under Date: Philadelphia Mint Struck the Coin
On a rarity scale 1917 wheat cents are Abundant. Philadelphia struck the highest mintage to date of 196,425,785 pieces. There is an increase in value for coins with just light circulation wear. To recognize these nicer examples, view the reverse, a sought-after coin shows sharp clear separation of wheat grains.
A nice coin, appealing to many collectors, is colored a soft brown lacking any noticeable marks.
1917-D Lincoln Penny
"D" Mintmark Under Date: Denver Mint Struck the Coin
Considered Abundant in lower - worn condition these 1917 Denver wheat cents need a close inspection. Rarity levers increase to Infrequent as grade rises. A sharply detailed coin is in demand, noted by the premium in the Extremely Fine grade.
To achieve a strong value, look closely at the lettering along the rim, both obverse and reverse. Bold letters sitting flat on the field of the coin are preferable to weak and faded letters. Striking variances accrue along the rim of many.
1917-S Lincoln Penny
"S" Mintmark Under Date: San Francisco Mint Struck the Coin
San Francisco produced a high mintage of 32,020,000 coins in 1917. Highest total since the start of the wheat design in 1909. A collector wishing to find a nice, lightly circulated or better coin faces a different supply situation. The majority of coins are worn and missing many key features.
An eye appealing coin enjoys a large step up in value. Inspect Lincoln closely, remaining detail within the hair and beard is an infrequent find. Grading details are in the following step to value.
Step 2: | Judge Condition to Identify Grade
Examine Condition-Determine Value of 1917 Penny
Grade of an old penny is a definition used by collectors and dealers defining its condition. Grades are listed along the rows in the value chart. Each coin is judged, wear and surface preservation are noted. A comparison with the images of each grade to visualize these different grades.
Achieving an accurate value involves an accurate determination of grade. When viewing your coin first overall impression is important. Positive signs are even color and no distracting marks.
Uncirculated Grade: First point to judge is a continuous coverage of mint luster over the entire surface. Uninterrupted luster is key in defining the mint state - uncirculated grade.
Collar lines representing both Lincoln's shirt and coat are clearly represented on an uncirculated coin. Both are centrally located and high in profile. Inspect closely to confirm texture and luster of original surfaces remain. Wear is indicated by smoothness and color change from surrounding areas.
Eye appeal is a strong indicator of value to the example 1917 penny. Collectors judge both the amount of wear to a coin and its beauty. Ample original luster adds to appeal.
Extremely Fine Grade: Highest points of the design above the field start at Lincoln's shoulder and run to the top of his head. Slight wear in these areas indicates a coin in Extremely Fine grade.
Two lines representing the coat and shirt remain. A clear distinction is seen separating his neck from the shirt collar and coat from the shirt. Wear has softened the once sharp lines but no merging has occurred.
Add the collar detail with a strong representation of waves of hair and a well-preserved coin is displayed. Remaining details are further highlighted by the soft lighter tan color over deeper browns towards the rims. A collectible 1917-D penny.
Fine Grade: Fine grade pennies are described as moderate to heavy areas of wear. Lincoln is bold and remains raised from the background.
A distinct collar line separates the area of neck and shirt. Worn heavily a slight suggestion of a collar to his coat is also visible. These details are weak and subtle, however help to indicate a Fine grade example.
Coloration of the 1917-S cent is unusual due to the lighter shades of yellow mixed with browns. Termed "woodgrain" it has appeal to some and others prefer a more even toning. An example of aesthetics and its contribution to value.
Good Grade: Heavy wear removing minor and major detail places a coin in the Good grade. Lincoln remains outlined with all lettering and date readable.
A continuous flat area runs through the center of the design from top to bottom. Metal worn smooth has formed a flat plane. Once featuring lines separating Lincoln's shirt and coat are now gone. A majority of the shirt has merged with his neck.
Eye appeal is enhanced on this example by well-defined bold legends and date. Pleasing soft tans and lights browns are now the color of this well used copper cent.
Video | Grading Lincoln Wheat Pennies
Grading any coin involves many points to judge. When either; value is high or condition is at the higher end, a closer inspection of the coin is needed. Grading Lincoln Wheat Pennies expands on the grading process with video, images of the grades and in-depth descriptions.
Step 3: | Special Qualities Enhancing Value
Identify Circulated Condition Eye Appeal
Eye appeal is strongly tied to a coin's value. After determining technical condition, overall aesthetics are considered. The subjective nature of how a coin appeals to each collector is one part of value with many variables. However, certain qualities are universally accepted.
Toning and color of a coin is one of the first qualities seen. Colors of copper, once toned, range widely, allowing for many personal preferences. A collector may appreciate bright untoned surfaces, another subtle tones of red and brown. Blotchy, contrasting colors are not favored by most.
Looking closely, most coins have received nicks to the surface. It is accepted few coins are without any marks, an extremely rare occurrence. Size, quantity, and location is important to eye appeal. Small, non-distracting nicks are preferred. The same marks in noticeable locations is widely considered as lowering appeal.
Striving for quality is a common goal in coin collecting. Excellent examples of the coiner art are sought. Subtle features are strength of strike and depth of design. A well struck coin is visually impressive. Soft striking results in less detail, lowering eye appeal.
The 1917 penny is circulated with even toning, not to dark, with subtle highlights to design elements. Surfaces are mostly mark-free, no major nicks catch the eye. A crisp rim frames the well struck legends and date. Lincoln's portrait is just slightly worn. Importantly, the reverse matches the color of toning, absence of marks, and wear as the obverse. An eye appealing wheat cent and solid value.
Lincoln Wheat cents span the years 1909 through 1958. From the top condition coins collected by advanced collectors to worn examples; to an affordable collection for young collectors, the range of value is extensive. Identify your date, mint and condition and refer to the value chart.
All US coin values. Recognize your old coins using the image links leading to value charts. Date | Mintmark | Condition are considered; all described and imaged within each series. Surprising value is often found in the smallest of detail. | <urn:uuid:129e8d6d-b98d-4158-8526-5ec4d009c9a4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.coinstudy.com/1917-penny-value.html | 2024-10-15T00:40:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.93428 | 1,837 | 2.671875 | 3 |
January 23, 2027Format Type
$30CME Provider: AMA Journal of Ethics
Description of CME Course
Physicians, pharmacists, and other health professionals play an important role in addressing social determinants of health and health disparities. Pharmacists have been addressing social determinants of health for years in all populations that experience health disparities by working as vital members of their communities and interacting on a regular basis with patients. The case presented in this article highlights social determinants’ roles in health outcomes and how pharmacists contribute to improving them. In collaboration, pharmacists and physicians can help reduce costs and optimize health outcomes.
1. This activity is accredited by the American Medical Association.
2. This activity is free to AMA members.
ABMS Member Board Approvals by Type
ABMS Lifelong Learning CME Activity
Allergy and Immunology
Colon and Rectal Surgery
Medical Genetics and Genomics
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Psychiatry and Neurology
NoNOTE: If a Member Board has not deemed this activity for MOC approval as an accredited CME activity, this activity may count toward an ABMS Member Board’s general CME requirement. Please refer directly to your Member Board’s MOC Part II Lifelong Learning and Self-Assessment Program Requirements.
1. Explain a new or unfamiliar viewpoint on a topic of ethical or professional conduct
2. Evaluate the usefulness of this information for health care practice, teaching, or conduct
3. Decide whether and when to apply the new information to health care practice, teaching, or conduct
Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Health Disparities
Medical Knowledge, Professionalism
CME Credit Type
AMA PRA Category 1 Credit | <urn:uuid:a888963b-4f03-4af0-906a-c3b65765647b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.continuingcertification.org/activity/how-should-physicians-and-pharmacists-collaborate-to-motivate-health-equity-in-underserved-communities/ | 2024-10-15T00:43:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.894866 | 357 | 2.5625 | 3 |
In planning his transition to the presidency, Barack Obama could do no better than follow the precedents for governing set by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Congressional Democrats should heed the FDR model as well. Roosevelt not only won an unprecedented four presidential elections, but he also transformed the Democrats from a weak minority to American’s dominant party. From 1933 to 1981, Democrats controlled both houses of Congress for 44 of 48 years.
Roosevelt succeeded as a policy maker and politician by following four simple rules that ought to guide the Obama administration as well.
Newly elected presidents are strongest in the early days of their administration before buyer’s remorse sets in for the public and opposition in Congress has a chance to organize and gain strength.
FDR steered Congress 15 major bills through Congress in his first hundred days. Obama will not match that record – no president has done so. However, he should use his transition time to develop a roster of proposed legislation for his first hundred days. If possible, he should clear his bills with the Democratic congressional leadership and committee chairs during the transition period.
Roosevelt also used his executive powers during the first hundred days. For example, FDR issued executive orders that took the nation off the gold standard and declared a national bank holiday that closed insolvent institutions for four days.
Likewise Obama could reverse Bush-era executive orders that restricted access to presidential records, subjected anti-war dissidents to possible confiscation of their property, limited stem cell research, and weakened anti-pollution laws. He could also announce plans to close closing of Guantanamo Bay, honor the Geneva Conventions, and reject of the Bush doctrine on pre-emptive war.
Bring the People With You.
Congress is like Wall Street. It operates on fear and greed. Members of Congress will be fearful of challenging a president who has public backing and greedy to enact popular laws that they can bring to their constituents in the midterm elections of 2010.
FDR pioneered the direct communication between a president and the public through his fireside chats on the radio. He also worked through the conventional media by holding twice weekly press conferences.
Obama should use his oratorical skills and mastery of new media to sell his program directly to the American people. But he should also follow the other FDR precedent and make himself far more accessible to the press than President George W. Bush.
Think Big and Broadly.
The watchword for FDR’s policy-making was “bold, persistent experimentation.” FDR had no fear of implementing big ideas that ensuring bank deposits, regulating the stock market, guaranteeing collective bargaining rights, or providing old age insurance and minimum wages. He was also willing to explore different approaches to recovery from the depression and reform of the economic system. FDR kept what worked such as banking regulations and Social Security and discarded what did not, such as attempts to form industry-wide codes on wages and production under the National Recovery Act.
Today economists are offering solution to our economic woes that range from nationalizing the banks to letting the markets work their magic free of government interference. Obama should recognize that there is no consensus answer to recovery and reform and experiment with a mix of market and regulatory approaches.
Don’t Govern from the Middle.
Great presidents don’t move to the middle they move the middle to them by changing the conversation about government and implementing major new programs. That is what FDR did for liberal governance in the 1930s and Ronald Reagan for conservative governance in the 1980s.
No political leader in the history of the government has gained major political success or produced fundamental changes in national policy by attempting to move to the middle. Rather the so-called “center” of American politics is the graveyard of mediocre one-term presidents like William Howard Taft, Herbert Hoover, George H. W. Bush, and Jimmy Carter. The centrist presidents Dwight Eisenhower and Bill Clinton won two terms in office, but they both lost control of Congress in their first term and failed to pass on the presidency to a candidate of their party.
By following the example of FDR Obama can prove that it is possible to learn from history and not be merely condemned to repeat the mistakes of the past.
ALLAN J. LICHTMAN, a professor of history at American University, is the author of White Protestant Nation. | <urn:uuid:d5e1f3cc-fb8c-4352-85e1-027fdba3e5cd> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.counterpunch.org/2008/11/11/what-obama-can-learn-from-fdr/ | 2024-10-14T23:42:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.968827 | 876 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Nestled amidst the serene landscapes of Yelagiri, the Government Herbal Farm stands as a testament to the region’s rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. Spread across lush acres, this farm serves as a sanctuary for herbal enthusiasts, nature lovers, and those seeking a rejuvenating retreat. Established with the aim of promoting herbal cultivation and eco-tourism, it offers a unique blend of education, recreation, and natural beauty.
History of Government Herbal Farm
The Government Herbal Farm traces its roots back to [year], when it was established with the vision of conserving indigenous plant species and promoting sustainable agriculture practices. Over the years, it has evolved into a premier destination for herbal research, education, and eco-friendly tourism. With a focus on preserving traditional knowledge and fostering environmental stewardship, the farm has become a beacon of conservation efforts in the region.
Mission and Objectives
At the heart of the Government Herbal Farm’s mission is the preservation of biodiversity, promotion of organic farming, and dissemination of herbal knowledge. Through various initiatives such as research projects, educational programs, and eco-tours, the farm aims to raise awareness about the importance of herbal medicine, sustainable agriculture, and environmental conservation. By engaging visitors in hands-on experiences and interactive learning activities, it seeks to inspire a deeper appreciation for nature and traditional healing practices.
Places to Visit at Government Herbal Farm
Step into the vibrant tapestry of the Herbal Garden, where a diverse array of medicinal plants and herbs flourish in their natural habitat. Take a leisurely stroll along winding pathways lined with aromatic shrubs, towering trees, and colorful blooms. Discover the therapeutic properties of indigenous species such as neem, tulsi, aloe vera, and more as you explore this botanical treasure trove.
Medicinal Plant Nursery
Immerse yourself in the fascinating world of herbal cultivation at the Medicinal Plant Nursery. Here, expert horticulturists nurture a wide variety of medicinal plants through sustainable farming practices. Learn about seed propagation, soil management, and organic pest control techniques as you tour the nursery facilities. Gain insights into the lifecycle of medicinal plants and the importance of biodiversity conservation for future generations.
Ayurvedic Treatment Center
Experience the healing touch of Ayurveda at the on-site Treatment Center, where ancient wellness traditions blend seamlessly with modern therapies. Indulge in rejuvenating massages, detoxifying herbal baths, and personalized wellness consultations under the guidance of trained Ayurvedic practitioners. Discover the holistic approach to health and well-being as you embark on a journey of self-discovery and renewal.
Things to Do at Government Herbal Farm
Embark on an educational journey through the diverse ecosystems of the Government Herbal Farm. Join guided tours led by knowledgeable naturalists who will unravel the mysteries of the plant kingdom and share fascinating insights into herbal medicine and sustainable agriculture. Get hands-on experience with planting, harvesting, and processing medicinal herbs, and learn practical tips for incorporating herbal remedies into your daily life.
Capture the natural beauty and tranquil ambiance of the Government Herbal Farm through the lens of your camera. From panoramic views of lush greenery to up-close shots of exotic flora, there’s no shortage of photo opportunities waiting to be discovered. Whether you’re an amateur photographer or a seasoned pro, you’ll find inspiration at every turn as you explore this picturesque paradise.
Immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of Yelagiri with traditional performances and cultural demonstrations hosted at the Government Herbal Farm. Witness captivating folk dances, musical performances, and artisanal crafts showcasing the vibrant traditions of the region. Engage with local artisans, farmers, and herbalists to gain a deeper understanding of the customs, rituals, and folklore that have shaped the identity of Yelagiri over the centuries.
Climatic Conditions and Best Time to Visit
Yelagiri enjoys a moderate climate throughout the year, characterized by cool summers, mild winters, and refreshing monsoon showers. The region experiences pleasant weather conditions, making it an ideal destination for outdoor activities and nature exploration. With temperatures ranging from [temperature range] and [average rainfall], visitors can expect comfortable conditions for most of the year.
Best Time to Visit
While the Government Herbal Farm is open to visitors year-round, the best time to visit is during the [season], when the weather is most conducive to outdoor activities and sightseeing. Avoid the peak tourist season [month to month] when crowds are at their highest and accommodation prices may be inflated. For a more peaceful and intimate experience, consider visiting during the [off-season], when you can enjoy the tranquility of the farm without the hustle and bustle of large crowds.
How to Reach Government Herbal Farm
The nearest airport to Yelagiri is [airport name], located approximately [distance] away. From the airport, visitors can hire a taxi or opt for public transportation to reach the Government Herbal Farm. The journey takes approximately [duration] depending on traffic conditions.
The nearest railway station to Yelagiri is [station name], located [distance] away. From the railway station, visitors can avail themselves of taxi services or local buses to reach the Government Herbal Farm. The journey takes approximately [duration] depending on the mode of transportation chosen.
Yelagiri is well-connected to major cities and towns in the region by a network of well-maintained roads. Visitors can easily reach the Government Herbal Farm by car, bus, or hired taxi. The farm is located [distance] from the main town center and is easily accessible via [road name]. Ample parking facilities are available for those traveling by private vehicle.
Food and Accommodation Options
While there are no restaurants or eateries within the Government Herbal Farm, visitors can enjoy a picnic amidst the scenic surroundings of the Herbal Garden. Pack a basket with your favorite snacks and beverages or indulge in a traditional South Indian meal prepared by local vendors. For those looking for more dining options, the nearby town of Yelagiri offers a variety of restaurants serving local and international cuisine.
Yelagiri offers a range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxury resorts to budget guesthouses and homestays. Visitors can choose to stay in quaint cottages nestled amidst lush greenery or opt for modern hotels with all the amenities. Some popular accommodation choices near the Government Herbal Farm include [hotel name], [hotel name], and [hotel name]. Advance booking is recommended, especially during the peak tourist season.
Accessibility and Nearby Attractions
The Government Herbal Farm is wheelchair accessible, with paved pathways and ramps ensuring ease of movement for visitors with mobility challenges. Dedicated parking facilities are available for differently-abled individuals near the entrance gate. For those requiring special assistance, staff members are on hand to provide support and guidance throughout the visit.
Explore the diverse attractions and activities available in the vicinity of the Government Herbal Farm. Visit [attraction name] to experience [description], or head to [attraction name] for [description]. Whether you’re interested in adventure sports, cultural heritage, or wildlife exploration, there’s something for everyone to enjoy in Yelagiri and its surrounding areas.
Travel Tips for a Memorable Visit
Before visiting the Government Herbal Farm, be sure to check the opening hours, entrance fees, and any special events or activities taking place during your visit. Arrive early to avoid crowds and make the most of your time exploring the farm’s attractions.
Wear lightweight, breathable clothing and sturdy walking shoes suitable for exploring the outdoor trails and pathways. Consider bringing a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect against the sun’s rays, as well as insect repellent for added comfort.
Bring along a refillable water bottle to stay hydrated throughout your visit, especially during the warmer months. There are water fountains available at designated locations within the farm for refilling your bottle.
FAQs About Government Herbal Farm
- Is photography allowed at the Government Herbal Farm? Yes, visitors are welcome to take photographs for personal use. However, commercial photography and drone photography require prior permission from farm authorities.
- Are pets allowed inside the farm? No, pets are not allowed inside the Government Herbal Farm premises to ensure the safety of both visitors and wildlife.
- Is smoking allowed at the farm? Smoking is strictly prohibited within the farm premises to maintain a clean and healthy environment for all visitors.
In conclusion, the Government Herbal Farm in Yelagiri offers a unique opportunity to explore the fascinating world of herbal medicine, sustainable agriculture, and natural beauty. With its diverse array of attractions, educational programs, and cultural experiences, it promises a memorable and enriching experience for visitors of all ages. Whether you’re seeking relaxation, education, or adventure, this tranquil retreat is sure to captivate your senses and rejuvenate your spirit. Plan your visit today and discover the hidden treasures of Yelagiri’s Herbal Haven. | <urn:uuid:67cb7311-d83e-4f58-bf01-f01d3c5b1975> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.delhitravel.org/tamil-nadu/yelagiri/government-herbal-farm-yelagiri/ | 2024-10-14T23:28:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.9185 | 1,882 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Q: Is eating unfermented soy products bad for you?
A: So far there’s been little evidence that fermented soy products, such as tempeh, offer any advantage to healthy individuals over unfermented items, such as soybeans and tofu. Conversely, no research has yet proved that unfermented soy products are dangerous.
Some people reason that fermented soy is easier to absorb, and if a person suffers an intestinal disorder that has wiped out their normal gut flora, this may be true. However, a recent study at Tufts University (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2003, vol. 77, no. 6) has shown that it doesn’t matter whether a person eats fermented or unfermented soy—the end results (as measured by blood levels of the active compounds) are the same.
Some people are concerned about eating soy because it contains substances that could potentially block the absorption of minerals and proteins. These substances include phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors. Although phytic acid can bind calcium, iron, zinc, and other minerals, the studies I’ve seen indicate that a person would have to eat huge amounts of soy before this would be a problem. On the other hand, several studies have shown that phytic acid has potent anticancer and immune-stimulating properties. If you have reason to be concerned about mineral deficiencies, it’s probably best not to take mineral supplements at the same time that you eat a soy product.
All soy products are heat-treated, which destroys most trypsin-inhibitor activity. For that reason, I don’t recommend eating uncooked soybeans.
This ASK THE EXPERT is written by Robert Rountree, MD, medical editor of Delicious Living. | <urn:uuid:1c19d843-8e0f-40d7-80a3-5073e0d64b92> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.deliciousliving.com/old-nh360/ingredients/herbal/choosing-best-soy/ | 2024-10-15T00:09:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.945752 | 366 | 2.546875 | 3 |
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How Are Bitcoin Wallet Addresses Generated? | <urn:uuid:8acc4f0e-c8ed-4cc5-bca3-e089e5730562> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.doubloin.com/tag/bitcoin-wallets | 2024-10-14T23:24:30Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.730126 | 487 | 2.515625 | 3 |
System of Crop Intensification
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This is a showcase of WOTR's methodology of Adaptive Sustainable Agriculture: System of Crop Intensification. This method is based on extensive field research and experiments. Promotion of organic fertilisers and low external inputs ensures high productivity as well as soil health. The film shows the results of the first field trials. | <urn:uuid:6b766676-7995-4ff4-ac45-5512e105deec> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ecoagtube.org/content/system-crop-intensification | 2024-10-14T23:20:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.90734 | 96 | 2.71875 | 3 |
This article includes an overview of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the 16 personality types according to Myers & Briggs, how your personality type applies to being a leader, a vocabulary list for advanced English vocabulary found in the article, and a vocabulary worksheet.
NOTE: Click any underlined word to see the vocabulary list and definitions at the bottom of the page.
What are the Myers & Briggs Personality Types and how do they work?
The Myers and Briggs personality types, also known as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), is a widely used personality assessment tool that was developed by mother-daughter duo Katherine Briggs and Isabel Myers. It is based on the work of renowned psychologist Carl Jung and his theory of psychological types. The MBTI aims to categorize individuals into specific personality types, providing insights into their preferences and tendencies in various aspects of life.
The assessment consists of a series of questions that measure four dichotomies:
By assessing an individual's preferences for each of these dichotomies, the MBTI assigns them a four-letter code representing their personality type. For example, an individual may be classified as an "ISTJ" (Introverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging) or an "ENFP" (Extraverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Perceiving).
These types are further grouped into sixteen different combinations, each with its own unique characteristics. The MBTI suggests that individuals have inherent preferences in how they perceive the world, make decisions, and interact with others.
It is important to note that the MBTI is not a measure of intelligence or ability, but rather a tool for self-awareness and understanding. It can be used in various settings, such as personal development, career counselling, team-building, and relationships.
While some critics argue that the MBTI lacks scientific rigor and may oversimplify human personality, many individuals find it valuable in gaining insights into their own strengths, weaknesses, and potential career paths. It helps people understand themselves and others, fostering better communication and interpersonal relationships.
Ultimately, the Myers and Briggs personality types offer a framework for exploring and appreciating the diverse ways in which individuals perceive and engage with the world around them.
Learn more about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) here:
The 16 Personality Types According to Myers & Briggs
The resulting 16 personality types offer valuable insights into the different preferences, strengths, and potential areas for growth of each individual.
Each personality type has its own unique set of strengths and weaknesses, and understanding these can be incredibly useful for personal growth, career development, and building effective relationships.
ISTJ - "The Inspector"
ISTJ, also known as the Inspector, is characterized by their quiet and serious nature. They value success and achieve it by being thorough and dependable. ISTJs are practical and realistic individuals who have a strong sense of responsibility. They decide logically what needs to be done and work towards it steadily, even in the face of distractions. Making everything orderly and organized brings them pleasure, be it their work, home, or life in general. ISTJs also hold traditions and loyalty in high regard.
ISFJ - "The Protector"
ISFJ, or the Protector, is known for being quiet, friendly, and responsible. They are conscientious and committed to meeting their obligations. ISFJs are thorough, painstaking, and accurate in their work. They are loyal and considerate towards others, often noticing and remembering specific details about those who are important to them. They are genuinely concerned with how others feel and strive to create an orderly and harmonious environment both at work and at home.
INFJ – "The Counselor"
INFJ, also referred to as the Counselor, seeks meaning and connection in ideas, relationships, and material possessions. They have a deep desire to understand what motivates people and possess great insights about others. INFJs are conscientious and committed to their firm values. They develop a clear vision of how they can best serve the common good and are organized and decisive in implementing their vision.
INTJ – "The Mastermind"
INTJ, known as the Mastermind, is characterized by their original minds and strong drive to implement their ideas and achieve their goals. They possess the ability to quickly see patterns in external events and develop long-range explanatory perspectives. When committed, INTJs organize their tasks efficiently and carry them through. They are skeptical and independent, holding themselves and others to high standards of competence and performance.
ISTP – "The Craftsman"
ISTP, also known as the Craftsman, is tolerant and flexible. They observe quietly until a problem arises and then act quickly to find workable solutions. ISTPs analyze what makes things work and readily sift through large amounts of data to isolate the core of practical problems. They are interested in cause and effect, organizing facts using logical principles, and greatly value efficiency.
ISFP – "The Composer"
ISFP, or the Composer, is characterized by their quiet, friendly, sensitive, and kind nature. They enjoy living in the present moment and paying attention to what's going on around them. ISFPs prefer to have their own space and work within their own time frame. They are loyal and committed to their values and the people who hold importance in their lives. They dislike conflicts and disagreements and do not force their opinions or values onto others.
INFP – "The Healer"
INFP, also known as the Healer, is idealistic and loyal to their values and the people who are important to them. They strive to live a life that aligns with their values. INFPs are curious and quick to see possibilities, often acting as catalysts for implementing ideas. They seek to understand people and help them fulfill their potential. They are adaptable, flexible, and accepting unless their values are threatened.
INTP – "The Architect"
INTP, the Architect, seeks to develop logical explanations for everything that interests them. They have a theoretical and abstract mindset, being more interested in ideas than social interaction. INTPs are quiet, contained, flexible, and adaptable. They have an unusual ability to focus in-depth to solve problems in their area of interest. They are skeptical, sometimes critical, but always analytical.
ESTP – "The Dynamo"
ESTP, known as the Dynamo, is flexible and tolerant. They take a pragmatic approach, focusing on immediate results. ESTPs are often bored by theories and conceptual explanations and prefer energetic action to solve problems. They are focused on the present moment, spontaneous, and enjoy being active with others. ESTPs appreciate material comforts and style and learn best through hands-on experience.
ESFP – "The Performer"
ESFP, or the Performer, is outgoing, friendly, and accepting. They are exuberant lovers of life, people, and material comforts. ESFPs enjoy working with others to make things happen. They bring common sense and a realistic approach to their work and make it fun. They are flexible and spontaneous, adapting readily to new people and environments. ESFPs learn best by trying new skills with others.
ENFP – "The Champion"
ENFP, known as the Champion, is warmly enthusiastic and imaginative. They see life as full of possibilities and quickly make connections between events and information. ENFPs confidently proceed based on the patterns they see. They seek affirmation from others and readily give appreciation and support. They are spontaneous, flexible, and often rely on their ability to improvise and their verbal fluency.
ENTP – "The Visionary"
ENTP, or the Visionary, is quick, ingenious, stimulating, alert, and outspoken. They are resourceful when it comes to solving new and challenging problems. ENTPs excel at generating conceptual possibilities and analyzing them strategically. They have a good understanding of people and are often bored by routine, seldom doing the same thing the same way. They frequently turn to new interests.
ESTJ – "The Supervisor"
ESTJ, known as the Supervisor, is practical, realistic, and matter-of-fact. They are decisive and quickly move to implement decisions. ESTJs are excellent at organizing projects and people to get things done efficiently. They focus on results and take care of routine details. They have a clear set of logical standards that they systematically follow and expect others to do the same. They are forceful in implementing their plans.
ESFJ – "The Provider"
ESFJ, or the Provider, is warmhearted, conscientious, and cooperative. They strive for harmony in their environment and work determinedly to establish it. ESFJs like working with others to complete tasks accurately and on time. They are loyal and follow through even in small matters. ESFJs have a keen eye for noticing what others need in their day-to-day lives and make an effort to provide it. They seek appreciation for who they are and what they contribute.
ENFJ – "The Teacher"
ENFJ, also known as "The Teacher," is characterized by warmth, empathy, responsiveness, and responsibility. These individuals possess a unique ability to understand and connect with the emotions, needs, and motivations of others. They have a natural inclination to recognize the potential in everyone and are driven to help others fulfill that potential. ENFJs often serve as catalysts for individual and group growth, inspiring those around them to strive for excellence. Loyalty is a defining trait of ENFJs, and they are highly responsive to both praise and criticism. They excel in social situations, effortlessly facilitating others in a group setting and providing inspiring leadership.
ENTJ – "The Commander"
ENTJ, known as "The Commander," is characterized by being frank and decisive, readily assuming leadership roles. They have a keen eye for identifying illogical and inefficient procedures and policies, and they excel at developing and implementing comprehensive systems to solve organizational problems. ENTJs derive satisfaction from long-term planning and goal setting, as well as acquiring knowledge and sharing it with others. They are well-informed and well-read individuals who enjoy expanding their understanding of various subjects. When presenting their ideas, ENTJs are forceful and persuasive, ensuring their message is heard.
So, how does your personality type(s) apply to you as a leader?
When it comes to leadership, understanding these personality types can be instrumental in identifying and developing effective leaders. Each personality type possesses unique strengths and preferences that can shape their leadership style.
For instance, individuals with extroverted personalities, such as the ENTJ (Extraverted, Intuitive, Thinking, Judging), often excel in leadership roles due to their natural ability to communicate and motivate others.
On the other hand, introverted types, like the ISTJ (Introverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging), may bring a more thoughtful and meticulous approach to leadership, focusing on detail-oriented planning and organization.
Additionally, the intuitive types, such as the ENFP (Extraverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Perceiving), may be known for their innovative ideas and ability to inspire others with their vision.
Meanwhile, the sensing types, like the ISFJ (Introverted, Sensing, Feeling, Judging), may prioritize practicality and reliability, making them dependable leaders in executing plans.
The thinking types, such as the ESTJ (Extraverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging), often emphasize logic and rationality, while the feeling types, like the INFJ (Introverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Judging), tend to prioritize empathy and values in their leadership approach.
Finally, the judging types, such as the ENTJ (Extraverted, Intuitive, Thinking, Judging), may demonstrate a preference for structure and decisiveness, while the perceiving types, like the ENFP (Extraverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Perceiving), may embrace adaptability and openness to new ideas.
Overall, understanding the Myers & Briggs 16 personality types can help identify individuals' leadership strengths and provide guidance for developing effective leadership strategies that align with their unique personalities.
For more clarification of the Myers & Briggs 16 personality types, watch this video!
Vocabulary & Definitions
a general review or summary of a subject.
give a general review or summary of.
a pair of people or things, especially in music or entertainment.
an expert or specialist in psychology.
a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different.
a disposition that is energized through social engagement and languishes or chafes in solitude, resulting in a personality that is gregarious, outgoing, and sociable.
the act of introverting or the state of being introverted; a turning inward
to communicate, work, or participate in an activity with someone or something:
to simplify to the point of error, distortion, or misrepresentation.
of or pertaining to the relations between persons
taking or characterized by taking pains or trouble; expending or showing diligent care and effort; careful
All of the information has been provided by the website https://www.myersbriggs.org. The information has been paraphrased and properly cited to ensure that the original source is acknowledged and respected. | <urn:uuid:3d0a384b-cdbe-4ed0-8f66-e3a7bc02e541> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.englishwd.com/post/leadership-styles-what-is-your-personality-type | 2024-10-15T00:36:05Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.963287 | 2,736 | 4 | 4 |
Horse owners often experience unexplained changes in their horse's temperaments, but why? There has been research to prove there is a correlation between soils and pasture and the health and behavioural problems horses are most commonly associated with.
High production grass is low in fibre and high in sugars and carbohydrates and are very
prone to mineral imbalances. They can also be high in potassium and nitrates, yet low in
sodium. This can cause your horses system to be deficient in calcium and magnesium, which
in turn can cause behavioural problems.
There are also numerous plants that are toxic and must be avoided. These include but are
not limited to
Independent research has been looking into Glyphosate and how It can possibly contaminate horse feed. It has been said that a safe level for Glyphopaste is 800 times lower than what is allowed to be added into feed. As the liver is the first detoxification organ, toxic effects can begin when it is exposed to only 5ppm.
In the UK levels of this at the lowest are 200ppm, compared to the USA where the lowest
recorded levels are 400ppm. As most feed is imported, it is important to check labels, when
deciding what feed you are giving your horse.
Mycotoxins are naturally occurring toxic substances, which are produced by moulds and
fungi in your horse's hay. Mycotoxins can cause colic, gastrointestinal upset, weight loss,
feed withdrawal and immune suppression.
Mycotoxins can occur by unproper storage of hay, particularly if the hay is exposed to
moister. This means there is an increased risk in warmer climates and should therefore be
thoroughly checked, before it is fed to your horses and ponies. Both young and senior
horses are more at risk and extra care should be taken when feeding. | <urn:uuid:d8404fc3-b421-4c41-9bc4-08aec612f086> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.equinevitality.co.uk/latest-news/toxins-in-forage-hard-feed-and-hay | 2024-10-15T00:53:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.943969 | 384 | 3.234375 | 3 |
It is critical for parents who are new in recovery and who have established their commitment to a new lifestyle free of substances to understand the vital factors they face as parents and for their children. Maintaining good relationships with children who eventually become teenagers can be especially tough for both children and their parents in recovery. Parents in recovery are also responsible for raising children who may be at risk of developing an addiction later. The tendencies of newly recovering parents can vary, but the following behaviors seem to be typical.
According to one National Survey on Drug Use, an estimated 7.5 million children, or 10.5% of the population 17 years of age and younger, live with at least one parent who abuses drugs or alcohol. (NIH)
Spoiling Children to Alleviate Guilt of Addiction
Overindulging children by newly recovering parents is expected. Most parents feel ashamed of how they treated their kids when using or drinking. They may also be afraid that they have caused irreversible damage to the child and will try to offset the negative reality of the past with excessive gifts and granting all their wishes. This is a classic coping mechanism for guilt. Whether in recovery or not, all parents should be encouraged to set limits, monitor, supervise their children’s activities, and provide a consistent and loving-centered environment that represents their new way of life and current respect for their recovery and behavior.
Lack Of Discipline With Addicted Parents
Parents in recovery are facing how to embrace life on life’s terms. Most addicts and alcoholics were not following rules or living stable lives at the end of their addictions. Once they get clean and sober, some parents might have a hard time disciplining their kids or becoming too strict. All parents find it challenging to be warm and likable while still holding a child accountable for their behavior in general. In the long run, parents have to realize that age-appropriate rules and positive discipline will most likely lead to better outcomes for their children.
Prioritizing Recovery for Parents
Despite the importance of being a stable and loving parent, the most critical aspect is the parent’s recovery. If the parent is not actively involved in their recovery program, relapse is likely, and their role as a parent could be taken away. Here is the image of the parent putting the oxygen mask on before they help their child applies. If the parent is not healthy, the child won’t be either. Making arrangements for alternative activities for children when a parent attends recovery meetings or counseling is essential. Drawing on help and support from trusted neighbors, and extended family members, and attending recovery groups that provide childcare is always ideal.
Treating an addiction without addressing parenting leaves parents with insufficient skills for handling child behavior issues and makes them more vulnerable to drug relapse as a coping mechanism. (NIH)
Making Living Amends to Children
Parental absence because of drugs and alcohol leaves lifelong scars on children. Making living amends to children who are too young to comprehend addiction can help the parent be even more proactive in their recovery. A ‘Living Amends’ is when a person, parent or not, who is in recovery abstains from drugs and alcohol without telling the individual about it but pledges to remain sober on their behalf. Also, open communication is always the best way for older children to help heal their pain from their parent’s drug use and get them involved by sharing how their recovery is going.
The Issue of Trust for Recovering Parents
Rebuilding trust is going to be complicated. The process can take patience and hard work for both parent and child. The child needs reassurance that the parent can be trusted regarding their ability to be there for them. The parent can make an extra effort to be on time to pick up a child from a friend’s house, or attending many if not all school or sports events can make a difference. Being present with other family members who are supportive of the parents’ recovery is also helpful.
Coping With Stigma for Sober Parents
Recovering parents should expect to deal with the challenge of stigma and presumptions about addiction and alcoholism. Other families who have the recovering parent’s children over may be leery of how to treat the family in general. Here is another setting for open and honest communication from the recovering parents to others. Recovering moms and dads can focus on the positive aspects of their recovery and offer insight into why they quit. Most people support others who have decided they cannot drink or do drugs. It is also not uncommon for other children’s parents to be judgmental. The children of recovering parents will face adversity but not nearly as damaging as when their parents were on drugs and alcohol.
What Do Professionals Say About Parenting in Recovery?
The National Center for Biotechnology Information advances in science and health research on the effects of drug abuse on children. They state the problem and the solution as interventions to help both parent and child.
Findings from the literature suggest that children of substance-abusing parents have a high risk of developing physical and mental health and behavioral problems. Several intervention programs have been developed for parents who have substance abuse problems. There have also been many interventions that have been developed for children who have at least one parent with a substance abuse problem. The interventions were designed to not only reduce drug and alcohol use but also to improve overall family functioning by addressing and overcoming problems in the relationship of the parents as well as providing parenting skills training. (NCBI) | <urn:uuid:1833aad9-5443-444d-9390-aba7c75bf5d0> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.evokecoconutcreek.com/blog/parenting-recovery-drugs-alcohol/ | 2024-10-14T23:48:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.968486 | 1,121 | 2.625 | 3 |
Who invented the scissors?
My daughter is working on a school project and we want to know invented the scissors?
The type of scissors that you use for school projects probably have two pivotable blades connected by a rivet or screw just above the handle. This type of scissors, made with bronze or iron, dates back to ancient Rome and China, Japan and Korea.
Large-scale production of this type of scissors began in 1761, when Robert Hinchliffe of Sheffield, England first used cast steel to manufacture them.
-The Fact Monster | <urn:uuid:2f163e84-1b3d-4c19-9fd6-3bc52cdde723> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.factmonster.com/askeds/who-invented-scissors | 2024-10-15T01:06:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.935596 | 113 | 3.234375 | 3 |
No English king is more famous—or infamous! than Henry VIII, popularly celebrated as the formidable and arrogant figure portrayed by Hans Holbein the Younger, the early Tudor stud who clocked up no fewer than six wives and the proto-nationalist/imperialist ruler who sent the pope packing and inaugurated the English Reformation.
As befits such a colossus, masses has been written about the king, not only by contemporary and near-contemporary commentators, even William Shakespeare, but also professional and amateur historians ever since. Hence this richly illustrated survey of the evolution of Henry VIII’s reputation over half a millennium.
BOOK ISBN | 9781781555330 |
FORMAT | 235 x 165 mm |
BINDING | Paperback |
PAGES | 96 pages |
PUBLICATION DATE | 15 February 2016 |
TERRITORY | World |
ILLUSTRATIONS | 110 colour illustrations |
Keith Dockray was formerly a senior examiner in medieval history and early modern history at the University of Huddersfield.
Peter Hammond is a medieval historian and leading authority on the reign of Richard III. For thirty years, he was the research officer of the Richard III Society and is currently a vice president of the society. He is probably best known for his books The Battles of Barnet and Tewkesbury and Food and Feast in Medieval England. With Dr Anne Sutton, he wrote The Coronation of Richard III: The Extant Documents and Richard III: The Road to Bosworth Field. As an editor, he has compiled a new edition of Historic Doubts on the Life of Richard the Third by Horace Walpole. He has also written and contributed to many other books and magazines on medieval and local history.
Alan John Sutton (born August 1949) is an English publisher who founded Tempus Publishing, Alan Sutton Publishing, Amberley Publishing, and Fonthill Media. Sutton was educated at Dursley Grammar School. | <urn:uuid:1016553f-b822-4e74-b178-baa17e05b6e3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.fonthill.media/products/henry-viii-the-evolution-of-a-reputation | 2024-10-15T00:42:36Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.951577 | 408 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Hey there, robot enthusiasts! Whether you’re a seasoned tinkerer or a curious newbie, building robot kits is a fantastic way to dive into the world of robotics. It’s not just about assembling parts; it’s about sparking creativity, problem-solving, and having a whole lot of fun. What do you need to get started with robot kits? Let’s take a look at the basics so you or your child can jump right into the fun!
Why Build Robot Kits?
Before we dive into the nuts and bolts (literally), let’s talk about why building robot kits is so awesome. For starters, it’s a hands-on way to learn about electronics, mechanics, and programming. Plus, it’s incredibly rewarding to see your creation come to life and move around. According to a study by the International Journal of STEM Education, students who engage in hands-on robotics projects show improved problem-solving skills and increased interest in STEM careers.
Choosing the Right Kit
When you’re just starting out, choosing the right kit is crucial. There are tons of options out there, from beginner-friendly kits to advanced ones that require some serious technical know-how. Most robot kits do include age suggestions or skill level suggestions. If you’ve never built a robot before, you’ll want to look at kits with less pieces that are aimed at beginners. The team at Fundemonium can help you pick out the right kit.
What You’ll Need
Once you’ve picked your kit, it’s time to gather your tools and workspace. Here’s a basic list of what you’ll need:
- Workspace: A clean, well-lit area with plenty of space to spread out your parts.
- Tools: Depending on your kit, you might need screwdrivers, pliers, wire cutters, and a soldering iron. Some kits include some or all of the tools needed.
- Computer: If your robot is programmable, you may need a computer, tablet, or other device to create these programs. Make sure your device meets the software requirements of your kit.
- Patience and Curiosity: Building robots can be challenging, but it’s all part of the fun!
Now, let’s get to the good stuff: building your robot! While every kit is different, here’s a general guide to help you get started:
- Read the Instructions: It might sound obvious, but thoroughly reading the manual before you start can save you a lot of headaches down the road.
- Organize Your Parts: Lay out all the components and tools you’ll need. This helps prevent losing small parts and keeps your workspace tidy.
- Follow the Steps: Start with the first step and work your way through the instructions. Don’t rush; take your time to ensure everything is assembled correctly.
- Connect the Electronics: This part can be tricky. Make sure all wires and components are connected as instructed. Double-check your connections before powering up.
- Programming: Once your robot is assembled, it’s time to program it. Follow the guidelines provided with your kit to install the necessary software and write your first program.
- Test and Troubleshoot: Power up your robot and see if it works as expected. If not, don’t worry! Troubleshooting is a big part of robotics. Check your connections, review your code, and make adjustments as needed.
Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them
Building robot kits can come with its fair share of challenges. Here are some common issues and tips on how to tackle them:
- Loose Connections: If your robot isn’t responding, check all connections to ensure they’re secure.
- Software Issues: Make sure your software is up-to-date and compatible with your computer.
- Mechanical Problems: If parts don’t fit together as expected, double-check the instructions and make sure you’re using the correct pieces.
Fun Projects to Try
Once you’ve got the basics down, the sky’s the limit! Here are a few fun projects to try. Note that what projects you can do depends on what your robot is capable of. If your robot can’t do something, it’s time to build one that can!
- Line Following Robot: Program your robot to follow a line on the ground using sensors.
- Obstacle Avoidance: Use ultrasonic sensors to make your robot avoid obstacles in its path.
- Dancing Robot: Program your robot to dance to your favorite tunes. This is a great way to get creative with programming!
Join the Community
One of the best parts about building robots is joining a community of like-minded enthusiasts. Check out local robotics clubs, online forums, and social media groups. Sharing your projects and learning from others can be incredibly rewarding. Here at Fundemonium, we have a number of events and activities centered around robots and robotics.
Join the Robot Revolution
Building robot kits is a fantastic way to explore the world of robotics and STEM. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced builder, there’s always something new to learn and create. So grab a kit, fire up your imagination, and start building. Happy robot-making! | <urn:uuid:93081926-e553-48f7-bd79-97783d2b9fe7> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.fundemoniumtoys.com/the-basics-of-building-robot-kits/ | 2024-10-15T00:13:46Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.90209 | 1,121 | 3.125 | 3 |
If you are growing tired of spinning your own fidget spinner, you might be interested in making a robot which can help spin your device automatically, allowing you to enjoy the extra time to do something else instead. This innovative project combines the simplicity of a fidget spinner with the complexity of robotics, making it a perfect DIY project for enthusiasts of all ages.
Building the Fidget Spinning Robot
The fidget spinning robot is a fascinating project that leverages a couple of servos together with an Arduino development board and a few 3D printed parts. The servos are responsible for the spinning motion, while the Arduino board acts as the brain of the operation, controlling the servos’ movements with precision.
To get started, you will need some basic components:
– An Arduino development board
– Two servo motors
– 3D printed parts (which can be downloaded from the Instructables website)
– A power source for the Arduino
– Connecting wires and a breadboard for prototyping
The assembly process involves connecting the servos to the Arduino board and mounting them in the 3D printed frame. The servos are programmed to spin the fidget spinner at regular intervals, creating a mesmerizing effect without any manual effort.
Programming and Customization
One of the most exciting aspects of this project is the ability to customize the robot’s behavior through programming. Using the Arduino IDE, you can write code to control the speed and duration of the spins. This opens up a world of possibilities for experimentation and learning.
For example, you could program the robot to spin the fidget spinner in response to external stimuli, such as sound or light. This would involve adding additional sensors to the setup and modifying the code accordingly. The flexibility of the Arduino platform makes it easy to expand the project and add new features.
Check out the video below which shows the process of the fidget spinning robot in action. The video provides a step-by-step guide to assembling the robot and demonstrates its capabilities.
If you’d like to build your very own, its creator, Nikodem Bartnik, has kindly published full instructions via the Instructables website, complete with all code and 3D printing STL files. The detailed guide includes everything you need to know, from the initial setup to the final touches, ensuring that even beginners can successfully complete the project.
This project not only provides a fun and engaging way to automate your fidget spinner but also serves as an excellent introduction to robotics and programming. By following the instructions and experimenting with the code, you can gain valuable hands-on experience with Arduino and servo motors.
The fidget spinning robot is a perfect blend of simplicity and complexity, making it an ideal project for anyone interested in DIY electronics and robotics. Whether you are a seasoned maker or a curious beginner, this project offers a rewarding experience and a unique way to enjoy your fidget spinner.
Latest Geeky Gadgets Deals
Disclosure: Some of our articles include affiliate links. If you buy something through one of these links, Geeky Gadgets may earn an affiliate commission. Learn about our Disclosure Policy. | <urn:uuid:78870e5a-4a46-4006-ac15-46b735a1befe> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.geeky-gadgets.com/arduino-fidget-spinning-robot-23-06-2017/ | 2024-10-15T00:46:43Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.914314 | 646 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Botryosphaeria is often overlooked as a pathogen for canker diseases of grapevines, but Dr. Doug Gubler of the University of California, Davis wants growers to have a closer look at the fungus.
Learning what to look for is a first step, however.
Botryosphaeria cankers are often confused with the eutypa cankers that have long been considered the primary canker of California grapevines, Gubler told growers attending the British Columbia, Canada, Wine Grape Council’s annual viticulture and enology conference in Penticton, British Columbia this past summer.
While botryosphaeria was known in southern California, it wasn’t suspected in northern parts of the state. Moreover, where it did occur, it was believed to be taking advantage of existing eutypa infections.
No foliar symptoms
Throw in confusion regarding symptoms, and botryosphaeria—which doesn’t give rise to foliar symptoms—frequently went undiagnosed. Both disorders cause a web-shaped canker.
"When you’ve got them out in the field, you can’t tell the difference between botryosphaeria canker and eutypa canker," Gubler said.
Now, with nine species identified in California, Gubler considers botryosphaeria a major concern. "Botryosphaeria seems to be the most prevalent species causing canker in California," he said.
The nine species identified in California include B. rhodina and B. lutea, warm-climate species identified only in the San Joaquin and the Coachella valleys, as well as Mexico. Seven cool-climate species have been identified, including B. australis, B. dothidea, B. obtuse, B. parva, B. stevensii, and the more-rare B. iberica, found only in the central coast, and B. viticola.
"These fungi ecologically have their niche in California. They grow and cause disease in areas that kind of match their optimum temperature growth requirement," Gubler said.
The most destructive species are B. parva, B. lutea and B. rhodina, which can move through 15 centimeters of vine in just two months, leaving a significant amount of dead wood. During trials, cuttings were killed a mere five weeks after inoculation.
Most species can kill vines rapidly and need to be pruned out immediately after they’re found, Gubler said.
Cankers usually start appearing within three years of the organism being present in the vineyard. While it was originally thought that the fungus was moving into vineyards from adjacent orchards, forests, and trees in riparian areas, Gubler said the fungus might have already been present in vineyards and simply be moving between host species—including vines—before causing an infection.
A number of factors create optimum conditions for botryosphaeria infections to take hold.
Temperatures have to be in excess of 5°C (41°F), while spore release usually occurs following rainfall. The spores land on a wounded vine and move through the plant tissues toward the roots.
"These organisms are very closely tied to rainfall, in terms of when their spores are released, and we know that for infection to occur, there has to be some kind of wetness on the cut surface where the spore lands on," Gubler said. "So, in this area, if you’re out trimming and you’ve got temperatures of five degrees or lower and it starts to rain, then you probably don’t have a lot to worry about in terms of cankers during that particular rainstorm."
Sprinkler irrigation can be as effective in dry areas as rainfall in facilitating an infection.
"We know that with sprinkler irrigation, we can also get spore release," Gubler said.
To control the fungus, Gubler recommended double pruning, which has been shown effective against most diseases that take advantage of pruning wounds. Double pruning involves making two passes through a vineyard, once to prune vines to a uniform height, and a second time to prune the vines when the risk of infection is lowest.
"Double pruning, we’ve been able to show, will control every single disease that occurs on grapevines through pruning wounds," Gubler said.
There’s also been some success with spray applications of the fungicide myclobutanil (Rally) and phosphorein, a combination Gubler’s research indicates kills just about every fungus that afflicts grapevines through pruning wounds.
"We think it’s going to be more economical than going out and painting pruning wounds by hand," he said.
Regardless of what pruning method is used, or when it’s done, Gubler urged growers to remove cuttings and dead wood downwind from vineyards to prevent spores from drifting back into the vines and risking future infections.
Botryosphaeria is a new pathogen in British Columbia’s Okanagan Valley. Dan O’Gorman of the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre in Summerland reported that relatively crude spore traps have identified two vineyards with vine decline. The dominant botryosphaeria species identified in the surveys is B. iberica.
B. iberica is a cool-weather species being picked up in March through May in the Okanagan. B. parva has also been identified, suggesting that growers are facing at least one of the most aggressive canker pathogens seen in California.
While it is too early to point out trends in British Columbia, O’Gorman highlighted a correlation between rainfall and temperature and spore presence.
Ring nematodes may play a role in facilitating infections by damaging the roots of vines. | <urn:uuid:068d58ac-126c-4903-9d88-0432923da9a5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.goodfruit.com/recognizing-vine-cankers/ | 2024-10-14T23:06:02Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.961646 | 1,252 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Approach as a verb is:
· to come near something or someone. Eg – The car is approaching the petrol station.
· to speak to someone regarding a problem, solution or request. Eg – I approached our seniors to help organize the program.
· Deal with a problem in a particular manner. Eg – we have to approach him with all the facts in detail.
As a noun, approach can be used in the following ways –
· A method of dealing with a problem. Eg. –
§ The approach they followed to solve water problem was unique.
§ You need to follow a methodical approach to succeed in your exams.
§ There are many ways to approach this problem.
Here are a few more examples –
1. The approach road from my home to office is not good.
2. The left side approaches the theatre.
The word originated from the latin word “appropiare” which means “draw near”. There are many approaches to use this word in our sentences!
Reproach seems to be similar to approach and rhyming with it, but there is no relation between both the words.
Reproach as a verb means to disapprove someone’s actions or be disappointed in what someone does.
§ He reproached her for not doing well in exams.
Reproach as a noun is the expression of disapproval for an action.
§ His very existence in this world is a reproach to us.
As you can see, reproach is a totally different word and definitely NOT an antonym of approach.
Here are few more examples of reproach –
§ He reproached her for going to the party all alone.
§ The court reproaches the lawyers who do not obey judge’s orders.
§ I expected them to reproach her for joining our team, so that’s okay!
Reproach has originated from the old French “reprochier” based on the meaning ‘bring back close’.
Here is a sentence that uses both these words –
§ You can approach her for your problem, but the way she talks could be reproaching for you!
§ The guy gave a look of reproach to his sister for approaching a stranger to buy movie tickets. | <urn:uuid:76a26387-f7f7-43e9-bb93-a10d0b84f260> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.grammar.com/approach_vs._reproach | 2024-10-15T01:14:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.974229 | 475 | 3.125 | 3 |
The effectiveness of live zoster (shingles) vaccine is highest in the first year after vaccination and then wanes substantially. But it continues to provide some protection against shingles and its complications ten years after vaccination, even in patients with a weakened immune system, finds a study published by The BMJ.
Vaccine effectiveness is a measure of how well vaccines work to protect communities in the real world.
Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is a painful rash caused by reactivation of the chickenpox virus. It’s much more common among people aged 60 and older and those with a weakened immune system, and can lead to disabling complications.
Live zoster vaccine was the first vaccine against shingles and over 50 million people have received it worldwide. It is not currently recommended for people with a weakened immune system and is no longer used in the U.S. but use has continued elsewhere, including the UK and Australia. However, estimates of its long term effectiveness using real world data are lacking.
To address this, researchers used data from a large US healthcare provider (Kaiser Permanente Northern California) to determine the long term effectiveness of live zoster vaccine against herpes zoster infection, admission to hospital with herpes zoster, postherpetic neuralgia (lasting pain in the area of the rash) and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (rash in or around the eye).
Their findings are based on data for just over 1.5 million adults aged 50 and older who were eligible for live zoster vaccine. Of these, 507,444 (34%) were vaccinated during the study period, from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2018.
Among 75,135 herpes zoster cases, 4,982 (7%) developed postherpetic neuralgia, 4,439 (6%) had herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and 556 (0.7%) were admitted to hospital for herpes zoster.
For each outcome, vaccine effectiveness was highest in the first year after vaccination and decreased substantially over time.
First year vaccine effectiveness was 67% against herpes zoster infection, 83% against postherpetic neuralgia, 71% against herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and 90% against admission to hospital for herpes zoster.
Against herpes zoster, vaccine effectiveness waned to 50% in the second year, then decreased to 27% in the eighth year, and then to 15% after 10 years. Vaccine effectiveness for herpes zoster ophthalmicus was similar.
Against postherpetic neuralgia and admission to hospital, vaccine effectiveness started higher and also waned, but continued to confer substantial protection for several years (41% after 10 years for postherpetic neuralgia and 53% from 5-8 years for admission to hospital).
Vaccine effectiveness was generally similar across subgroups defined by age, sex, race or ethnicity, or immunocompromise status at vaccination.
These are observational findings and the authors point to several challenges including incomplete ascertainment of shingles and immunocompromised status of patients over time. The findings may also not apply to other settings because of differences in diagnostic practices or access to care.
However, this was a well designed study based on high quality health data that used innovative methods to examine the real world duration of vaccine protection, and the findings are generally consistent with those from randomised trials and other observational studies.
This timely new research will help to inform improvements to shingles vaccination programmes, providing new and valuable information on the need for and timing of follow-up or booster doses, say researchers in a linked editorial.
It also adds to evidence that live zoster vaccine is effective against herpes zoster among immunocompromised adults.
“Further research is also needed to evaluate the trajectory of vaccine effectiveness against herpes zoster and severe outcomes over time in people with chronic diseases such as those of the kidney, heart, and autoimmune system,” they conclude. | <urn:uuid:331252ca-d0aa-4f1c-beb9-27183ff0e64c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.healthcarehygienemagazine.com/new-study-examines-long-term-effectiveness-of-live-shingles-vaccine/ | 2024-10-14T23:44:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.955572 | 829 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Prunes, often celebrated for their health benefits, are a versatile fruit that has been enjoyed for centuries. These dried plums are not just a convenient snack; they are rich in nutrients and have been associated with various health advantages. From aiding digestion to supporting bone health, prunes are a staple in many diets. However, like any food, they come with their own set of side effects that should be considered.
Are Prunes Acidic or Alkaline?
Prunes are considered to be more acidic rather than alkaline. This is due to their composition, which includes natural sugars and organic acids. The acidity of prunes stems from their high content of sorbitol and other sugar alcohols, which contribute to their tartness and characteristic taste. If you're curious about other fruits and their acidity, you might find our article on Kiwi Benefits and Side Effects: Low FODMAP and Acidic Insights helpful.
Prunes are essentially plums that have undergone a dehydration process to enhance preservation. This transformation results in a deep red-brown fruit with a chewy texture and a sweet-savory flavor that appeals to many. Unlike fresh plums, which have a relatively short shelf life, prunes can be stored in your pantry for up to six months. When kept in a sealed container in the fridge, they can last up to a year, making them a convenient and reliable option for those seeking a nutritious snack.
There are two primary types of plums used to produce prunes: Japanese and European. Japanese plums are typically larger and juicier, while European plums are smaller and denser. Both types have been cultivated in North America to produce the various prune varieties available today. This rich history and variety add to the allure of prunes as a dietary staple. For more on plums, you might be interested in reading about Plum Benefits and Side Effects: Low FODMAP and More.
Health Benefits of Prunes
Prunes are packed with essential vitamins and minerals, making them a valuable addition to your diet. They are a good source of vitamins A, C, K, and B6, as well as minerals such as iron, manganese, and copper. Additionally, prunes are rich in potassium, with four to five prunes providing about 12% of your daily recommended intake. This mineral is crucial for proper muscle, nerve, and heart function, making prunes an excellent choice for those looking to support their overall health.
One significant advantage of prunes is their high fiber content. They contain both soluble and insoluble fiber, which can aid in digestion and help maintain regular bowel movements. This high fiber content, along with other compounds found in prunes, such as sorbitol and chlorogenic acid, contributes to their reputation as a natural remedy for constipation. For those exploring other sources of fiber and their effects, our article on Chickpea Benefits: Low FODMAP, Gluten-Free, and More might be of interest.
Moreover, prunes have been studied for their potential role in supporting bone health, thanks to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In fact, a study published in the journal Osteoporosis International found that women who consumed 100 grams of prunes daily for a year showed a significant increase in bone mineral density compared to those who did not consume prunes (Hooshmand et al., 2011).
Prunes and Digestive Health
Prunes are widely recognized for their positive impact on digestive health. Their high fiber content, particularly insoluble fiber, helps to ease constipation and promotes regular bowel movements. Soluble fiber, on the other hand, aids in moderating digestion and enhancing nutrient absorption from the foods you eat. This dual action makes prunes an effective natural remedy for those experiencing digestive issues.
In addition to fiber, prunes contain sorbitol, a natural sugar alcohol with a known laxative effect. This compound, along with chlorogenic acid, works synergistically to increase stool frequency, making prunes a go-to solution for maintaining digestive health. Keep in mind, though, that while prunes are beneficial, moderation is key to avoiding potential digestive discomfort associated with excessive consumption. For more on digestive health, you might consider the Asparagus: Is It Acidic or Alkaline? Low FODMAP Guide.
Bone Health and Prunes
Prunes have been linked to improved bone health, which is an area of growing interest among researchers. The antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties found in prunes may help prevent bone loss and support healthy bone density. Clinical studies have shown that the consumption of prunes can positively impact bone formation and strength, making them a valuable addition to the diet of those concerned with maintaining strong bones.
One of the key nutrients in prunes that supports bone health is vitamin K. This vitamin plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and has been shown to improve bone mineral density. By incorporating prunes into your diet, you may be able to enhance your bone health and reduce the risk of osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions. For more on bone health, you might explore the Spinach Benefits and Side Effects: Acidic, Low FODMAP, and Gluten-Free.
Antioxidant Properties of Prunes
Prunes are rich in antioxidants, which are compounds that protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals. These harmful molecules can lead to various diseases, including heart disease and cancer. The antioxidants found in prunes, particularly neochlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid, are known for their ability to lower blood glucose and LDL cholesterol levels, often referred to as "bad cholesterol."
A big plus of consuming prunes is their potential to provide antioxidant protection, which can contribute to overall health and well-being. By including prunes in your diet, you may be able to support your body's natural defenses and reduce the risk of chronic diseases linked to oxidative stress. However, it's important to note that while prunes are beneficial, they should be consumed as part of a balanced diet for optimal health outcomes.
Potential Side Effects of Prunes
While prunes offer numerous health benefits, it's essential to be aware of potential side effects. One common issue associated with prunes is their laxative effect, which can lead to diarrhea if consumed in excess. This is due to their high fiber and sorbitol content, both of which have a natural laxative effect on the body. Therefore, it's crucial to consume prunes in moderation to avoid gastrointestinal discomfort.
Another potential side effect is gastrointestinal distress, which can manifest as bloating, gas, mild nausea, or stomach cramps. This is often due to the polyol sugars, such as sorbitol, present in prunes. Additionally, prunes may contain acrylamide, a chemical that can increase cancer risk when ingested. To minimize exposure, it's advisable to choose prunes dried at lower temperatures and to read labels carefully. Lastly, some individuals may experience an allergic reaction to prunes, particularly if they have a birch pollen allergy.
Prunes, with their unique combination of nutrients and health benefits, make a compelling case for inclusion in a balanced diet. Their ability to support digestive and bone health, along with their antioxidant properties, positions them as a valuable food for overall well-being. However, like any food, they should be consumed in moderation to avoid potential side effects. By understanding both the benefits and the risks, you can make informed decisions about incorporating prunes into your dietary regimen.
Hooshmand, S., et al. (2011). Comparative effects of dried plum and dried apple on bone in postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis International, 22(1), 123-132. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3042040/
WebMD. (n.d.). Prunes: Health Benefits, Pros and Cons, Nutrition Information. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/diet/prunes-health-benefits | <urn:uuid:c70b090d-0d0b-43c5-9af6-04ab7946c85f> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.healthpub.com/posts/prune-benefits-and-side-effects-are-prunes-acidic-or-alkaline | 2024-10-15T00:48:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.945822 | 1,655 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Siam weed probably entered Australia as a pasture contaminant. It was under eradication from 1994, but in 2012, the decision was made that it was not technically feasible to eradicate due to difficulties in being able to confidently and accurately delimit the weed across catchment areas in north Queensland. Arrangements have been developed to manage the weed with a management strategy put in place to limit the spread and impact of infestations on agricultural production, cultural assets and the environment. The implementation of the national strategy began in August 2013.
Siam weed is an invasive, weedy perennial shrub that can grow to 2-3 m in height or reach 10-20 m when supported by other vegetation. It grows vigorously throughout the wet season and may grow up to 5 m a year. In northern Australia, it has 2 flowering periods a year. Seed production is prolific and germination to flowering can take as little as 6 months. Siam weed probably entered Australia as a pasture contaminant. It has been under eradication since 1994. Control measures include herbicides, manual control in environmentally sensitive areas and controlled burning of infestations. Aerial surveillance has been used in conjunction with ground surveillance to detect infestations. | <urn:uuid:127fe519-9594-4ce8-b939-49fb9732e0f5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ippc.int/en/countries/australia/pestreports/2013/11/siam-weed-in-queensland-australia-transitions-to-management/ | 2024-10-14T23:09:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.969796 | 244 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Irish exploration company Botswana Diamonds has said it expects to locate diamonds in a previously unexplored region of South Africa after tests were completed.
The John Teeling-chaired group has been working in a 50,000 hectare area of the central province of South Africa, close to Kimberley, where a number of diamond mines are believed to have existed some time prior to 1880.
Botswana Diamonds last month said its work there, dubbed the Free State Project, had led to the discovery of eight group 1 kimberlites, which are rocks that may contain diamonds.
Since then, detailed ground geophysical survey work was undertaken by Geofocus. The survey work was aimed at determining the surface area of the kimberlites. Results indicate the sizes of these kimberlites range from 0.3 hectares to 1.15 hectares.
The next phase of the project will consist of an analysis of the indicator mineral chemistry for each of the pipes to “determine an economic interest rating” which will prioritise further work.
“We now know the sizes of each pipe/dyke and we believe that each could contain diamonds,” said Mr Teeling. “The next step is to evaluate the diamond indicator minerals in each pipe to decide priorities for drilling.” | <urn:uuid:9ff29e55-f632-44d6-a31b-92c794d671ff> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.irishtimes.com/business/energy-and-resources/botswana-diamonds-confident-of-south-africa-discovery-1.3295466 | 2024-10-15T01:39:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.956997 | 272 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Have you wondered how machines learn and make predictions? Or how artificial intelligence shapes the tech future? This article is great for those new to machine learning. We’ll explore how it works and its effect on industries. If you’re into tech or just curious, join us. We’re diving into the world of machine learning for beginners.
The Evolution of Machine Learning
Machine learning started in 1959 when Arthur Samuel wrote about computers learning to play checkers. His paper is a cornerstone for machine learning in computer science.
Samuel introduced the idea that machines can learn on their own. He showed that machines don’t just follow human commands. They can analyze data to make predictions.
Since then, machine learning has grown and is now crucial in many fields. It changes how we solve problems and make decisions.
Machine learning powers self-driving cars and personalized streaming recommendations. With more data and better computers, its role in our world will keep growing.
Empowering Industries with Data-Driven Insights
- Healthcare: Machine learning helps doctors diagnose and treat diseases better.
- Finance: It discovers fraud, predicts investments, and improves managing risks.
- Retail: It boosts marketing, offers personalized suggestions, and sets perfect prices.
The Future of Machine Learning
Machine learning will get even better. We’ll see more progress in understanding language, seeing like humans do, and teaching machines through trial and error.
The demand for smart data solutions is rising. The future of machine learning is bright. It will open new doors by intelligently analyzing data.
Next, we’ll explore the basics of machine learning. We’ll look at the algorithms and methods that make it exciting.
The Basics of Machine Learning
Understanding machine learning starts with knowing about statistical algorithms. These are key for creating models that predict or classify accurately. Data scientists and machine learning engineers work with these algorithms.
Machine learning involves a lot of data analysis. This means looking at raw data to find insights and patterns. People need programming skills to work with data and make statistical models for machines.
You don’t need to know programming at the start of learning machine learning. But, it helps a lot. It lets you manage big datasets, use complex algorithms, and make models that predict well. Learning to code helps anyone get better in machine learning.
Practical Applications of Machine Learning
Machine learning has many practical uses that can change industries. Supervised learning is one popular method. It teaches models on labeled data to make predictions or classify new data points. It works well with structured data and clear target variables.
Regression analysis is a kind of supervised learning used to predict values. It builds models from past data to forecast and find trends. This method is key in finance, healthcare, and economics.
Clustering is an unsupervised learning method that puts similar data points together. It spots patterns in big datasets, helping with customer segmentation, finding anomalies, and image recognition.
Machine learning is behind many industry achievements, like online ads and recommendation systems. Google uses supervised learning to offer personalized searches and ads, based on users’ web history and preferences.
Real-World Case Studies
Let’s look at real examples of machine learning’s impact across different sectors:
- 1. Healthcare: Algorithms predict disease risks, like cancer and diabetes. They analyze patient data to help doctors diagnose early and tailor treatments.
- 2. E-commerce: Online shops use machine learning to better their recommendation engines. They study customer behavior to suggest fitting products and deals, which boosts sales.
- 3. Finance: Machine learning helps spot fraud and assess risks. It checks many transactions for odd patterns. Regression models also predict market trends and guide investment choices.
These stories highlight machine learning’s role in solving real problems and sparking innovation in various fields.
Career Opportunities in Machine Learning
The job market for machine learning pros is booming. Data science and artificial intelligence are changing industries fast. This means lots of demand for people skilled in data science and machine learning.
Many fields like finance, healthcare, and tech need these experts. They are looking for pros who can handle big data and create smart machine learning models. As a machine learning engineer, you will work on creating and improving algorithms. These help in solving tricky business issues.
Getting a degree or a certificate in this area is a smart move. Many schools and online courses offer training in data science and machine learning. This education will teach you important stuff like math, stats, programming, and how to analyze data. These skills are key to doing well in this career.
But learning shouldn’t stop with graduation. The machine learning world changes all the time. To keep up, consider ongoing learning, workshops, and online groups. These can keep you in the know on new trends and tech. This way, you stay ahead in the job market. By focusing on education and staying curious, great job opportunities in machine learning are yours for the taking.
Nicholas Flynn stands at the crossroads of technology and education, guiding those new to the digital realm through its complexities with ease and clarity. With a background in computer science and a decade of experience in tech education, Nicholas has become a beacon for beginners looking to navigate the tech world. | <urn:uuid:99555df8-c6fb-4f10-b714-615e44285878> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ist-sms.org/machine-learning-absolute-beginners/ | 2024-10-15T01:12:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.933381 | 1,093 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Why Are My Lemon Tree Leaves Turning Yellow?
It may be alarming when you see the leaves on your lemon tree turning yellow, and often it is a signal from your plant that something isn’t quite right in its growing conditions.
Common reasons for lemon tree leaves turning yellow are overwatering, underwatering, inadequate fertilizer, cold temperatures, lack of sun, or pests/diseases.
Published: December 16, 2022.
If you identify the cause of your yellow leaves, you should be able to make some adjustments that will save your plant from any more distress.
The most important thing is not to ignore the yellow leaves and to try to remedy the problem as soon as possible.
Why Do Lemon Tree Leaves Turn Yellow?
Your lemon tree leaves may be yellowing due to a variety of different factors. Often some yellowing and leaf drop occur as the temperatures turn cooler in the fall, but if you notice more yellow than usual, or if your plant was otherwise thriving, the yellow leaves may indicate a deeper problem.
Lemon trees are not deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the fall.
It may be difficult to identify the problem right away, but with a little knowledge and close attention, you will be able to identify and fix the problem–and get your tree back to its deep-green splendor.
Overwatering may cause lemon leaves to turn yellow and then curl up. If your lemon is soaking in soil, its roots may be damaged, and it will lose its ability to absorb water and nutrients adequately.
If your plant is too wet, put it outdoors to dry if it is warm enough, and make sure to let the soil dry out before rewatering. The top three inches of soil should be dry before you water again.
It may be tempting to try to water a lemon tree on a schedule, such as once a week or twice a month, but the frequency of watering will depend on the growing conditions of the plant and may vary according to season, climate, temperature, and other conditions.
Make sure your pot has drainage holes and it isn't sitting in a tray of water. Lemons like soil that is a little gritty. If your soil is full of clay or organic matter, add a little coarse sand.
Lemon trees like to be kept moist but not soaked. They also don’t do well with drying out completely. Keep in mind that potted lemons will lose moisture much faster than those grown in the ground.
Check the soil daily to see if it is retaining the right amount of water. Water your lemon tree when the top 2-3 inches of soil are dry. If the soil looks damp, do not water, as this will lead to overwatering.
The best way to water a lemon is to soak it completely, and let the excess water drain out the holes. Then don't water again until the soil appears dry at the top.
Keep in mind that changing environmental conditions may be contributing to your lemon’s drying out. During the winter, dry air may cause increased drying. However, in bright summer sun, your plant may dry out as well.
Make sure your plant isn’t near an HVAC vent that might contribute to over-drying or temperature fluctuations.
Nutritional deficiency can be the cause of many yellowing problems in citrus leaves. Citrus plants require nutrient-rich soil, so if you aren’t adequately fertilizing, that may be the problem.
You can give lemon trees regular plant fertilizer to give the plant some extra nutrients. The best solution, however, is to give it a fertilizer that is developed specifically for citrus trees. You can get this at a garden store or online.
Many expert growers recommend an NPK ratio in the neighborhood of 6-6-6. This means you have equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Lemon trees also need nutrients such as iron, copper, nickel, manganese, boron, and chlorine.
Most growers recommend fertilizing lemon trees every 6 weeks or so during the growing season (spring, summer, and early fall) and then not fertilizing during the winter months. Fertilize when you see signs of new growth. Make sure you follow the instructions provided with your fertilizer.
Lemon trees are especially susceptible to iron deficiency. You may notice yellow leaves with green veins or mottling if this is the problem. If you suspect this is the problem, you can add iron chelates to your plant's water and see if the problem persists.
You can purchase chelates at garden stores or maybe even hardware stores.
Citrus may also suffer from zinc or magnesium deficiencies, though these should be remedied with the regular use of general citrus fertilizer.
Cold temps may be the reason your plant is yellowing and dropping leaves, especially if you have recently moved it to a cooler location. A cold tree will have more trouble metabolizing nutrients, which will cause yellowing.
Lemons and other citrus don’t really like to be moved, as they have a hard time adjusting to swings in temperature. Lemons cannot tolerate frost. Keep your indoor trees above 50℉.
If your outdoor tree is too cold, make sure to block it from wind and cold conditions. You can protect a tree with screens, hedges, or plastic sheeting. Lemons planted closer to the house will often stay warmer and be more protected.
Lack of sun
Is your plant getting at least a few hours of direct sunlight a day? If not, inadequate light might be the problem. Citrus trees love sun and can tolerate long hours of direct sunlight.
If you have recently moved your plant, say outdoors to indoors, then lack of sun might be the problem.
If you don’t have enough sun indoors, you can grow citrus indoors with a grow light.
Temperature swings or shock
If you just moved your tree, or if your spring or fall temps are fluctuating rapidly, the tree will probably improve on its own. Make sure you don’t move your tree too much, as shock can cause the leaves to turn yellow.
If the situation doesn’t improve when the temperature evens out, your plant may be too cold, or there may be another reason for the yellowing.
Root bound in the pot
If your lemon tree is growing in a pot that is too small, its roots will not be able to absorb water and nutrients, and it will not thrive. If you haven’t repotted your lemon tree in a while, it may be time to let it stretch out.
Use good soil that is around 10% compost, and that has silt for good drainage, and put your tree in a slightly larger container.
It is possible that pests such as aphids, mealybugs, scales, or mites are causing the yellowing or browning of your citrus leaves. Inspect your plant regularly for mites. Make sure you look under the leaves for evidence of critters.
If you do find mites, you can spray the tree with dish soap in water, diluted pesticide (from your garden center), or diluted rosemary oil. For minor cases, you may be able to spray the tree with simple water to remove the majority of pests.
Make sure you apply sprays in the early morning or evenings when it isn’t too hot, and the sun is not intense. This will protect your tree’s leaves from any potential damage from fertilizer. Make sure your plant gets enough water after fertilizing as well.
If you are regularly fertilizing your tree and it has been responding well, the problem may be related to root rot. Root rot is a fungal condition that attacks the roots of a healthy tree, killing them off and making them soft, mushy, black, or smelly.
The best way to prevent pest infestation and disease is by keeping your plant healthy, so it can fight off these conditions on its own. Keep it adequately watered (don't overwater) and give it fertilizer as needed to keep its soil healthy.
Lemon trees don’t like certain companions and won’t do well when crowded with other trees or weeds. If that is the case with your tree, try to clean away any cluttering weeds to improve airflow and light around your lemon tree.
You don’t need to mulch around a lemon, and make sure any grass around your tree is trimmed or removed.
How do you Fix Yellow Leaves on a Lemon Tree?
You will have to figure out which cause above is the problem with your lemon tree. It may be good to try one solution at a time so you have a better idea of what the problem is.
If it is summer and your tree isn’t over- or underwatered, you should probably try some fertilizer. If it is winter, make sure your plant is warm enough and getting enough sun. Citrus needs full sun.
Can Yellow Leaves Turn Green Again Lemon Tree?
The older leaves that turn yellow may just turn brown and drop without turning green.
However, if you have identified the cause of the yellow leaves and solved the problem, you should see new growth in spring and summer, and the plant should stop dropping leaves.
Why Are My Lemon Tree Leaves Turning Yellow and Curling?
If you notice curling along with yellowing on your lemon tree, the first thing you should check is whether you are overwatering your tree. This is easy to do. Only water when the first 3 inches or so of soil is dry.
This may mean you are only watering once a month or so in the winter months, depending on your climate (most plants need less water in the dormant season).
How do you Tell if a Lemon Tree is Overwatered or Underwatered?
If your leaves are curling in on themselves and don’t improve after watering, it is most likely that you are overwatering your tree. These leaves will eventually turn colors and will drop from the tree. You may also notice that flowers or fruits turn black.
Let your soil dry out, and then cut back your watering. Water whenever you notice the top several inches of soil are dry.
If your leaves are drying, browning, or curling but are still green or are turning pale green, it is more likely to be underwatering. This would be true if your soil is completely dry several inches below the surface or if your lemon tree pot is lighter than usual due to a lack of water.
Other Issues with Potted Lemon Trees
If your leaves are turning brown or have brown spots, your plant may be getting too intense sun. This may be true in high-altitude places or climates with very intense sun. Move your plant to a spot where it gets very bright light but not a full day of sun.
If you haven’t repotted your citrus tree, the soil may have become compacted, which will not allow the roots to access nutrition and water. If you notice the roots curled around the bottom of the pot, this is a sign that your tree needs a little more space.
In addition, if you notice that the water is not reaching the roots but instead is just pouring around the root ball and out the side of the pot, you will need to repot into a larger pot.
As a rule of thumb, most gardeners recommend repotting a lemon tree every three to four years.
The best solution is to repot with fresh potting soil. Use good soil, include a little compost, and make sure that your pot has at least one drainage hole so that your plant doesn't sit in water.
You can buy soil specially designed for citrus trees, or you can use regular good-quality potting soil. Make sure your soil has a lot of coarse material for good drainage.
If you see some yellow leaves on your lemon tree, don’t panic.
If you pay attention to the tree’s conditions, you should be able to identify the problem with some trial and error and then find a solution. It may take a little patience, but don't give up! | <urn:uuid:73c46da1-57ed-4abe-a326-77e60e70e586> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.madaboutberries.com/lemons/why-are-my-lemon-tree-leaves-turning-yellow.html | 2024-10-14T23:43:43Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.950158 | 2,520 | 3 | 3 |
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Indigenous Approaches to Dam Removal & River Restoration
See below for resources, links, tips, and a video recording on Indigenous approaches to dam removal and river restoration. Webinar originally held June 5, 2024.
Dams are physical manifestations of the legacy of colonialism in our rivers.Indigenous peoples are important stakeholders in the dam removal process. Learn more about indigenous perspectives surrounding dam removal projects and river restoration in the U.S.
Presented by: Hartman Deetz, Mashpee Wampanoag
Hartman Deetz has been active in environmental and cultural stewardship for over 20 years. This stewardship is based on his spiritual foundation in his Native traditions that value the earth as a living being. Deetz is also is doing illustration for Wampanoag Language Reclamation Program language acquisition books. Deetz is a traditional artist as well as singer and dancer, having shown his art in galleries from coast to coast across the US. Deetz is currently engaged with advocacy work for the Charles River Watershed Association advocating for the health and restoration of the Charles River as well as other campaigns around native rights to access waterways. and the protection and restoration of Mashpee water quality and water quality in general for the future of mankind.
3:38- Start of Presentation
6:25- Sharing Nipmuc Story
11:10- Nature Balance/Natural Law
15:42- Climate Change
19:50- Earth as a Living Being
21:30- Herring Role
Do you have any feedback on the webinar?
American Rivers- National Dam Removal Community of Practice Website
bottom of page | <urn:uuid:9e9c2bb7-86f3-4556-942d-81c5225bd808> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.massriversalliance.org/dambusters101/indigenous-approaches | 2024-10-15T01:07:44Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.948027 | 335 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Parkdale Foreshore Development
A small number of local native plants have been located growing along the Parkdale foreshore which appear to be the only remaining specimens within the City of Mordialloc. It is thought that in the case of several species that the plants concerned are the last single plants of the species growing along our foreshore. As they form part of the diverse local environment every effort should be made to ensure their survival.
When the next stage of development work proceeds on the Parkdale foreshore these plants are in danger of being destroyed. Great care must be taken to make sure they are not destroyed as in that event none would remain in the Mordialloc municipality.
It is recommended that Council staff investigate the situation and be quite certain that they know precisely where these plants are located so that they may take positive action to protect them before further development work proceeds. If after all alternatives have been explored, it is impossible to protect them in their present position, plants should be removed and replanted in another suitable, similar location by Parks and Gardens staff who have had extensive experience in transplanting local native plants.
The importance of protecting these plants from being destroyed forever cannot be overemphasised. As soon as is possible these plants should be used for propagating additional plants for the municipality. With their particular genes these plant species have evolved over many years (centuries ?) and have been programmed to prosper in their own particular environment. Their inbuilt characteristics make them suited for continued growth in the area.
The plants concerned are among the following, all of which only exist in small numbers along the Beaumaris Mordialloc foreshore :
- Carpobrotus rossii
- Distichlis distichophylla
- Tetragonia tetragonoides
- Sarcornia quinquiflora
- Sarcornia blackiana
- Helichrysum paralium
- Alyxia buxifolia
- Spinifex hirsutus
- Carex pumila
The report on Bradshaw Park by a BIOSIS officer will shortly be available. There is still concern that the park is not locked at night by the security firm. Council staff have been asked to check this matter.
Parkdale Foreshore Erosion Control
R. Pearson and David Digby have carried out an audit of the native plants growing in the area of foreshore on which erosion control work will shortly resume. It is proposed to ask for an inspection of the site with the Acting City Engineer in order to plan the protection of the plants.
Work is continuing on the renovation of foreshore buildings. No decision has been made by Council about the Nicholson shed which shelters habitual drinkers. The League favours the removal of the back wall of the shelter to improve the appearance of the building and also to allow people to see the beach. The concrete light pole in front of the shed is to be shortened and the wires put underground. Two other redundant poles to be removed.
Coast & Creek Booklet
If funding becomes available we will be able to commence work on revising the booklet.
Mayor’s Community Day
Due to illness and bereavements amongst our members, it was decided not to organise a stall this year. The SGAP will be selling plants so the public will still have the opportunity to purchase native species.
The EPA’s report on the sampling of Mordialloc North and South beaches over the summer have again been misleading with the geometric mean giving the impression that the water has been clean, whereas the beach has a high E-coli reading for two to three days after heavy rain. The League will continue to ask Council to place a sign, similar to that at the mouth of Kananook Creek, warning people not to swim near the mouth of creeks and drains after heavy rain.
John Bayly, Springvale Council has advised that plans for the Country Club have been modified and could include a wetland segment. He invites us to inspect the plans.
We look forward to Mr Glen Agnew’s report on his research work on the reef off the Horse Paddock. Glen will be present at our meeting 7-4-92. Please come along and meet Glen. | <urn:uuid:5c248a58-efd8-4896-b72f-b87537830d02> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.mbcl.org.au/mordialloc-beaumaris-conservation-league-minutes-4th-february-1992/ | 2024-10-14T23:15:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.957134 | 864 | 3.25 | 3 |
At Meath School the value and impact of computing is clearly visible to our pupils across the school day as it reaches into all areas of the curriculum. Our pupils are motivated to use software on iPads to talk and enhance their communication, while the use of digital imagery and Smart boards is integral in promoting learning, providing our pupils with a very visual way of engaging with the curriculum. The use of typing, touch screens and grids gives pupils with fine motor difficulties a means and motivation to record their thoughts and ideas which can be shared with both adults and peers.
Through the study of computing at Meath School the children will be able to learn a wealth of fundamental, transferable skills, knowledge and understanding that will help equip them for life in the digital world beyond school and help them to grow as digital citizens, who can access the digital world safely. The curriculum will be modified appropriately to make its content and concepts accessible, motivating and relevant to our pupils.
Aims for our pupils at Meath
In line with the current National Curriculum for computing our aim is
- To develop skills in using hardware and software to manipulate information, support creativity and learning across the curriculum
- Through the study of computer science to develop programming and problem solving skills that ensure a desired outcome is produced using activities that are relevant and engaging for our pupils
- To understand and access the world through digital means safely, while growing in digital competence and becoming responsible digital citizens | <urn:uuid:ac03e256-7fbb-4c1e-8108-81641da9b9c4> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.meathschool.org.uk/teaching-and-learning/curriculum/curriculum-subjects/ict/ | 2024-10-15T01:02:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.952709 | 290 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Our mouths are a vital part of our lives.
We use our mouths to:
- eat and drink
- express how we are feeling.
Looking after our smile is important to ensure we are healthy and happy.
Tooth decay happens over time.
Inside our mouths we have bacteria which mix with food that creates a sticky layer on our teeth called plaque.
Tooth decay happens when the plaque bacteria create acid which breaks down the hard outer surface of our teeth.
The good news is that tooth decay is preventable and there are lots of easy ways to look after our smiles.
Find out more about tooth decay on the NHS website.
Visit the dentist
You can maintain good oral health by visiting the dentist.
It’s free for children aged under 18, or for children in full time education aged under 19.
Pregnant women and mothers with a child 12 months or younger receive free NHS dental treatment.
If you have not had a dental check in the last 6 months, make an appointment with your local practice. Go to the dentist regularly or as often as your dentist advises.
Register with a dentist
Anyone can access NHS dental care even if they have no fixed address.
Dentists do not need to get proof of identity, proof of address or proof of immigration status.
Dental practices cannot turn down an applicant for NHS treatment on the grounds of dental condition or any protected characteristics.
Find out about NHS dental charges.
If you're on a low income
You may be able to get help with NHS dental costs through the NHS Low Income Scheme.
Tips for looking after your teeth
Top tips for looking after your teeth:
- try to have less food and drinks with added sugar, and avoid sugary food and drink between meals and before bed. Learn more about lowering your sugar intake and sugar swaps
- clean your teeth twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste, once before bed and usually once in the morning. Help children under 8 brush their teeth
- always spit out your toothpaste. Do not rinse after brushing as this washes away the fluoride you need to help protect your teeth
- use the right type of toothbrush. The best type of toothbrush is one with a small head and medium-textured bristles and can be manual or electric
- replace your toothbrush or brush head at least every 3 months or when the bristles are worn or frayed. Damaged bristles will not keep your teeth and gums fully clean
- clean between your teeth using interdental brushes or dental floss if you're an adult.
If you’d like to learn how to reduce the sugar in your family’s diet, find out about our family cookery classes.
Mouth cancer: early detection saves lives
Mouth cancer kills more people each year than cervical and testicular cancer combined. Being alert to the signs of mouth cancer is just as important.
Treating mouth cancer successfully depends on early diagnosis.
If mouth cancer is caught early, the chances of a full recovery are 9 out of 10.
Check now for the following symptoms:
- mouth ulcers which do not heal in 3 weeks
- red and white patches anywhere in the mouth or on the tongue
- unusual lumps or swellings anywhere in the mouth or head and neck area
- changes in your voice, such as a husky voice or difficulties swallowing which persists for more than 6 weeks.
You can check for these symptoms at home. Feel your neck and face for lumps and swellings.
If you notice anything that you’re concerned about, book an appointment with your dentist or GP.
Find out more about mouth cancer on the NHS website.
Local help and advice
If you do not have a regular dentist, you can find a dentist on the NHS website. You can phone them for advice or a
For healthy eating and recipe ideas follow our Tri for You Facebook page.
Emergency dental care
Visit the Medway Community Healthcare website or call 01634 890 300 for information about their emergency dental service called DentaLine.
DentaLine is for emergencies and urgent symptoms during evenings, weekends or bank holidays.
National help and advice
You can look at NHS advice on how to take care of your children's teeth.
For general oral health advice visit the Oral Health Foundation’s website. | <urn:uuid:aed77c38-5617-4634-bfe5-22082fe1c03b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.medway.gov.uk/info/200238/check_your_health/1000/oral_health | 2024-10-14T23:36:21Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.941506 | 903 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Interferon (IFN) therapy is a type of immunotherapy that helps the body’s immune system fight cancer cells. It can help kill leukemia cells or cause leukemia cells to grow more slowly.
IFN therapy was used more frequently in the past and can cause many side effects. Doctors are now more likely to recommend other treatments that are more effective and not as hard on the body. However, IFN therapy may still be a good option for some people with leukemia.
The body naturally makes many different types of IFNs. These proteins play many important roles within the immune system. They help fight off infections, strengthen the immune system’s reactions, and help the immune system kill cancer cells.
Researchers have learned how to make these molecules in the lab. Laboratory-made IFNs act the same as the IFNs made by the body. IFN drugs such as IFN alfa-2a (Roferon-A) and IFN alfa-2b (Intron A) mimic the protein IFN-alpha that is part of the body’s natural immune system.
IFNs may be used as a treatment for leukemia, a type of cancer in which immature blood cells grow and divide too quickly. IFN therapy slows down this process, which leads to fewer cancer cells. These drugs also encourage different types of immune system cells, such as T cells, to attack and destroy the cancer cells.
IFN medications frequently cause side effects, causing some people to stop using them. However, newer versions of IFNs may be easier to tolerate. These new formulations are pegylated — they contain chemical changes that help them stay in the blood longer. This means that people can often take lower doses of IFN drugs and experience fewer side effects. Pegylated IFN alfa-2a is sold under the brand name Pegasys.
IFN therapy is approved to treat certain types of leukemia, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Researchers are also studying whether IFN can be used to treat other kinds of leukemia.
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a slower-growing type of leukemia that most often affects older adults. IFN therapy used to be the main treatment option for this type of leukemia. However, newer drugs called tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are now used more frequently in the treatment of CML because they tend to work better and lead to fewer side effects. TKIs include drugs like imatinib (sold as Gleevec) or dasatinib (sold as Sprycel).
TKIs target a specific gene change called BCR-ABL, which is almost always found in CML cells. These drugs are often very effective at keeping leukemia under control. However, sometimes, they may be ineffective. In this case, doctors may recommend trying other treatments, including IFN therapy.
IFN drugs may help leukemia cells become more sensitive to TKIs. Using these two medications together may produce better results when TKIs alone are ineffective.
HCL is a rare form of chronic leukemia similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This kind of cancer affects B cells, a type of immune cell.
Roferon-A is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat people who have been diagnosed with HCL within the past year. Typically, HCL is treated with chemotherapy. However, IFN therapy may be an option if you can’t undergo chemotherapy, or if you’ve tried chemotherapy and it didn’t work.
Although IFN therapy is not yet approved for use in other types of leukemia, some studies have found that these medications may be useful.
Acute myeloid leukemia is a more aggressive type of leukemia that is typically treated with chemotherapy and sometimes with targeted therapy drugs. Some researchers have found that when IFN drugs are added to chemotherapy regimens, people with acute myeloid leukemia may have a better chance of a positive outcome. Using both types of drugs together caused more leukemia cells to be destroyed and led to lower relapse rates in some studies. However, more research is needed before IFNs become standard therapy for people with acute leukemias.
IFN treatments have been studied as possible treatments for lymphoid leukemias. However, these drugs did not always seem to be effective. In recent years, some researchers have continued to study IFN therapy in these conditions. For example, studies have shown that the drugs could help improve outcomes for people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who underwent stem cell transplants.
Researchers use clinical trials to test whether new treatment approaches are safe and effective. People with leukemia may be able to access IFN therapy or other new treatment options by participating in a trial.
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are blood cancers that lead to high levels of different types of blood cells. In 2021, the FDA approved an IFN formulation of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft called Besremi to treat one of the most common types of MPNs, polycythemia vera.
Researchers are also studying whether IFN therapy may be effective in treating the other two main types of MPNs, essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis.
IFNs may be a treatment option for people with certain rare types of MPNs, including chronic neutrophilic leukemia and chronic eosinophilic leukemia. These conditions cause the body to produce high levels of certain types of immune cells.
IFN therapy has been able to help a few people with chronic neutrophilic leukemia temporarily go into remission (have signs and symptoms of cancer go away). IFN alfa-2a may also be given to those with chronic eosinophilic leukemia when other treatments such as steroids and hydroxycarbamide stop working.
IFN medications are usually injected under the skin, into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. These drugs may come in:
Your health care team can teach you or a caregiver how to inject the drug, so it can be done at home. The injections usually don’t cause a lot of pain, but they may lead to a little aching, stinging, redness, or itchiness in the skin in the surrounding area.
IFN drugs need to be taken on a consistent schedule. Depending on your leukemia type and the IFN you’re prescribed, you may need to have injections every day, or three times per week. Pegylated IFN drugs may only need to be injected once a week or less. Make sure to follow the schedule that your doctor gives you.
As you undergo IFN treatments or other types of leukemia therapies, your doctor will keep an eye on your condition. Your doctor may recommend follow-up visits or blood tests to see if the cancer cells are responding to the treatment.
Like other cancer treatments, IFN therapy often leads to painful or uncomfortable side effects:
In rare cases, IFN therapy can lead to more severe side effects:
Less than 1 percent of people who use IFN therapy experience any of these rare effects.
Make sure to tell your health care team if your side effects are severe or if they are getting worse.
IFN side effects often become milder over time. However, sometimes they are very hard to tolerate and decrease a person’s quality of life. In this case, palliative care may help. The goal of palliative care is to relieve cancer symptoms and treatment side effects. A palliative care team may be able to help find solutions that make IFN therapy easier to deal with.
MyLeukemiaTeam is the social network for people with leukemia. On MyLeukemiaTeam, more than 10,000 members come together to ask questions, give advice, and share their stories with others who understand life with leukemia.
Has your doctor recommended interferon therapy? Share your experiences in the comments below, or start a conversation by posting on your Activities page. | <urn:uuid:f2fa106a-b80a-493e-9d9c-c2ca16b56db1> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.myleukemiateam.com/resources/interferon-therapy-for-leukemia-when-is-it-used | 2024-10-14T23:35:34Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.950588 | 1,667 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Researchers have demonstrated that engineered surfaces can be hydrophilic – meaning they have a strong affinity for water – and yet extremely slippery. The work runs counter to conventional wisdom regarding the development of slippery materials, and suggests a new area of research for the field.
“This finding is counter-intuitive, since the longstanding view has been that slippery surfaces tend to be hydrophobic – they repel water,” says Arun Kumar Kota, corresponding author of a paper on the work and an associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at North Carolina State University.
“But we’ve now demonstrated a way to engineer the surface of materials that makes them both very slippery and hydrophilic, or SLIC, surfaces. We have some specific applications where we think this may be useful, but this is essentially an unexplored class of surfaces. A lot of work needs to be done to fully understand the scope of potential applications.
“We’ve also articulated exactly how these SLIC surfaces can be designed, so that other researchers can expand what appears to be a very promising field,” Kota says.
Previous ways of engineering a solid surface to make it slippery tended to take one of three approaches. One approach was to texture the material to trap a layer of air against the surface, with that air pocket serving as a lubricant. The second approach was to texture the surface and trap a layer of liquid lubricant against the material that would allow it to slide past other liquids or solids. In both of these cases, damage to the texture of the surfaces due to repeated use makes them less slippery. Similarly, the loss of the gaseous or liquid lubricants over time also makes them less slippery.
The third approach has been to uniformly attach molecules to smooth, solid surfaces. This combination of uniformity and smoothness allows liquids to slide easily against the surface. “However, the vast majority of the molecules used to create these slippery surfaces are hydrophobic, because the longstanding view has been that slippery surfaces tend to be hydrophobic – so that’s what researchers have focused on,” Kota says.
For example, think of a non-stick pan. The surface is hydrophobic, so if you pour a small amount of water on the pan, the water is repelled by the surface and forms a relatively round bead. The surface is also slippery, so that bead of water slides off.
But being slippery and being hydrophobic aren’t the same thing. SLIC surfaces show that something can be hydrophilic and slippery. If you pour water onto a slippery, hydrophilic surface, two things happen. One, the water will have strong affinity for the surface, so it spreads out into a flattish bead. Two, because the surface is also slippery, that flattish bead of water will slide off without a trace.
“There have been very few papers over the years that have touched on hydrophilic, slippery surfaces, and this area has really been overlooked,” Kota says. “This new work demonstrates that hydrophilic, slippery substances work, and lays out the physics behind how it works.”
There are two types of applications the researchers are particularly excited about: biomedical technologies and condensers.
For biomedical applications, the researchers would like to take advantage of the anti-fouling properties of SLIC surfaces. In short, it is particularly difficult for proteins to stick to SLIC surfaces.
“Proteins cover almost the entire surface of both conventional hydrophilic materials and slippery, hydrophobic materials in about a minute,” Kota says. “We’ve demonstrated that, even after 30 hours, virtually no proteins are able to adsorb on a SLIC surface.
“This is useful in many ways,” Kota says. “For example, this resistance to protein adsorption would make it more difficult for undesirable bacteria to grow on a surface, could significantly reduce blood clotting on biomedical implants, and so on.”
As for condensers, many technologies – such as air conditioners and power plants – have condenser components. These components have a cool surface on which water vapor condenses. On conventional hydrophilic surfaces, the condensed water forms a film – which effectively serves as an insulator for the condenser surface, reducing its efficiency. On slippery, hydrophobic surfaces the water vapor will slowly form beads on the surface and then slide off.
“But on a SLIC surface, the hydrophilic nature of the surface allows water vapor to condense more quickly, and the slippery nature of the surface means that water still slides off easily – making the condensers more efficient,” Kota says.
“No pun intended, but we’re really just scratching the surface of what might be possible with SLIC surfaces.”
The paper, “Designing Non-Textured, All-Solid, Slippery Hydrophilic Surfaces,” is published in the journal Matter. Co-first authors of the paper are Kota’s students Sravanthi Vallabhuneni, a Ph.D. student at NC State, and Hamed Vahabi, a recent Ph.D. graduate from Colorado State University. The paper was co-authored by Wei Wang, a former postdoctoral researcher at NC State who is now on faculty at the University of Tennessee; Mohammadhasan Hedayati, Matt Kipper and Diego Krapf of Colorado State University; and Nenad Miljkovic of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Kyushu University.
The work was done with support from the National Science Foundation, under grant number 1751628, and from the National Institutes of Health, under grant number R01HL135505. | <urn:uuid:b8ecb353-161e-440a-9704-a405dc0e4d8b> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.nationaltribune.com.au/study-opens-door-to-new-class-of-slippery-water-loving-surfaces/ | 2024-10-15T00:13:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.953424 | 1,213 | 4.03125 | 4 |
MEASURES REGISTRY USER GUIDE
Selecting the most appropriate measure for assessing dietary behavior requires accounting for multiple considerations in terms of what data are needed and how they will be used. To help address these aspects, the following guiding questions are suggested. These questions are informed by those posed by Sternfeld and Goldman-Rosas117 to guide the selection of appropriate measures for physical activity and sedentary behavior.
What is the primary research aim or question?
Clearly defining the aim or question from the outset is critical to ensuring alignment with the measure of dietary behavior (and measures for other variables as well). Studies related to dietary behavior may be intended for surveillance or monitoring purposes, such as to estimate the frequency with which preschoolers consume juice, assess the usual intake of sugar-sweetened beverages among school-age children, or characterize perceptions or attitudes toward food and food consumption. Further, epidemiologic studies may be undertaken to examine relationships between dietary behaviors, conceptualized as exposures, and subsequent outcomes relevant to childhood obesity, while intervention studies aim to assess the impact of a given strategy to shift eating patterns.
Is the target population made up of infants, toddlers, school-age children, and/or adolescents?
Age has an important bearing on cognitive abilities, as well as memory and concept of time, affecting whether it is possible to administer measures directly to children or whether parents or other proxy reporters need to be included. If a study will include children of various ages, considerations will be needed to tailor tools or methods of administration depending on literacy, numeracy, attention span, and related factors. For example, within NHANES, dietary recalls are proxy-reported, proxy-assisted, or completed by children independently, depending on age. Body weight is an important consideration given evidence that body mass index is a strong indicator of error in reporting of dietary intake. Characteristics that may be associated with body mass index, such as education and race and ethnicity, also should be considered.
What is the study design?
Are the measures administered at one time or multiple times? Are measures collected cross-sectionally, prospectively, or retrospectively? For retrospective studies, food frequency questionnaires or screeners are the only possible self-report measures for dietary intake. Attention should be paid to potential sources of error, including the possibility that current intake may bias intake recalled for the past.
In what setting will the research take place and how will this affect possibilities for data collection?
For example, it may not be possible to conduct rigorous observation or collect detailed intake data within a classroom setting depending on the number of children and the available resources for data collectors, though this could be alleviated with web-based tools, depending on the age and cognitive abilities of the children. If data are being collected online or by mail, this introduces complexities in terms of the possible measures that can be used.
What settings are of interest?
For example, dietary behaviors at home, away from home, or at school? Do these need to be differentiated to address the research question, and how does this impact upon the measurement needs?
Is the focus on the total diet or on specific dietary components of interest?
For example, does the research question pertain to total diet and/or diet quality or patterns or specific components of diet, such as foods or food groups, beverages, or particular nutrients? Are the components of interest episodically or non-episodically consumed by most in the population of interest?
Is diet an independent variable, dependent variable, or covariate?
This has implications in terms of the effects of error and strategies to mitigate it, as alluded to in Section 8. Is particular statistical expertise required and if so, is it available?
What parameters are of interest?
For example, estimates of intake, frequency of consumption, or some other behavior, such as snacking or characterization of the sources of nutrient-dense food consumption. Relatedly, what are the desired summary measures? For example, are mean usual intakes of fruits and vegetables among a group of interest, or is there a desire to estimate proportions above or below recommendations? What are the corresponding implications for data collection and analysis (e.g., the need for repeat short-term measures to estimate distributions of usual intake for the purposes of assessing the prevalence of a group with intakes above or below a recommendation)?
Are related or complementary measures necessary to address the research question?
For example, are other dietary components (besides those targeted) of interest from the perspective of compensatory effects or trade-offs (e.g., in the case of interventions to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages)? Are other dietary behaviors aside from intake (e.g., those related to food preferences and attitudes) relevant to the interpretation of dietary intake data and to addressing the research question? Are other behaviors outside of diet, such as physical activity, important to addressing the research aim (e.g., are alterations in diet offset in some way by changes in activity level)?
What are the logistical considerations and constraints, such as the time allocated to the measurement of dietary behaviors within a larger study, as well as budget and expertise?
Following Sternfeld and Goldman-Rosa,117 this question is deliberately placed last in the list to encourage researchers to weigh logistical issues no more heavily than the considerations listed above. In other words, all salient details should be considered so that the final choice reflects the best possible measure given all factors at play.
Considering the questions above can help to narrow down the measures within the Registry to those consistent with the research aim, population, and dietary behaviors of interest. The Measures Registry provides information that can be easily scanned, with organization into sections providing an “At A Glance” overview of each measure, along with information on the design of the study in which a measure was developed or used, tips on how to use the measure, and as mentioned previously, a summary of available evidence on validity and reliability. It is also possible to compare across measures. After narrowing down the choice of measures to those best aligned with the research needs, the researcher can explore other resources, including citations listed in the Registry, in depth to consider fit in terms of specific dietary behaviors, the specifics of evaluations of psychometric properties, as well as whether the tools need tailoring and further evaluation prior to use with the target population. In cases in which tools are adapted, a decision needs to be made as to whether the tool has been changed to the extent that it requires further evaluation for validity and reliability. These details should then be included in any publications reporting on the use of the measure to allow for appropriate interpretation. | <urn:uuid:897a9cab-bd7a-4abc-8404-ef237541cf5d> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.nccor.org/tools-mruserguides/individual-diet/selecting-measures/ | 2024-10-14T23:58:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.933443 | 1,350 | 3.5 | 4 |
The secret of a successful person is a multifaceted and nuanced concept that encompasses various aspects of personal development, mindset, habits, and actions. Success is subjective and can be defined differently by different individuals, but certain common principles can contribute to achieving it. In this comprehensive exploration, we’ll delve into key elements that often characterize successful people and offer insights into how individuals can cultivate these traits to enhance their own paths to success.
Table of Contents
Toggle1. Vision and Clarity
Successful individuals possess a clear vision of their goals and aspirations. They take the time to reflect on what they want to achieve in different aspects of life, whether it’s in their career, relationships, or personal development. This clarity serves as a guiding light, helping them make decisions aligned with their long-term objectives.
Having a vision involves setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals. This strategic approach allows successful people to break down their overarching vision into smaller, manageable steps, making progress more achievable.
2. Passion and Purpose
Passion fuels perseverance, and successful individuals often find a deep sense of purpose in what they do. When one is passionate about their work or pursuits, it becomes easier to stay committed, overcome challenges, and maintain enthusiasm even in the face of adversity.
Identifying one’s purpose involves understanding personal values, interests, and strengths. Aligning daily activities with a sense of purpose adds meaning to life and helps individuals stay motivated over the long haul.
3. Continuous Learning and Adaptability
Successful people embrace a mindset of continuous learning. They understand that the world is constantly evolving, and staying ahead requires staying informed and adaptable. This might involve formal education, self-directed learning, or seeking mentorship and feedback.
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Adaptability is crucial in navigating the inevitable challenges and changes that come with pursuing ambitious goals. Successful individuals view setbacks as opportunities to learn and grow, adjusting their strategies when necessary.
4. Resilience and Perseverance
Resilience is the ability to bounce back from setbacks, and perseverance is the commitment to pursuing goals despite obstacles. Successful individuals understand that failure is a natural part of the journey, and they use setbacks as stepping stones toward success.
Cultivating resilience involves developing coping mechanisms, maintaining a positive mindset, and learning from failures. Perseverance requires determination, discipline, and the ability to stay focused on long-term objectives.
5. Effective Time Management
Time is a finite resource, and successful people recognize the importance of managing it effectively. They prioritize tasks, set deadlines, and avoid procrastination. Time management allows them to be more productive, achieve their goals efficiently, and maintain a healthy work-life balance.
Tools such as calendars, to-do lists, and prioritization techniques are commonly employed by successful individuals to stay organized and focused. They understand the value of allocating time to activities that align with their priorities.
6. Networking and Relationship Building
Success is often intertwined with the ability to build and leverage relationships. Networking provides opportunities for collaboration, mentorship, and the exchange of ideas. Successful individuals invest time in cultivating meaningful connections with peers, mentors, and industry leaders.
Effective communication, active listening, and the ability to collaborate with diverse groups of people contribute to successful relationship building. Networking not only opens doors to new opportunities but also provides valuable support and insights.
7. Emotional Intelligence and Self-Awareness
Emotional intelligence, including self-awareness and empathy, plays a crucial role in success. Successful individuals understand their own emotions, motivations, and strengths, allowing them to make informed decisions and navigate social dynamics effectively.
Self-awareness enables individuals to recognize and manage their emotions, fostering better relationships and decision-making. Empathy helps in understanding others’ perspectives, leading to more effective communication and collaboration.
8. Financial Literacy and Planning
Financial success is often a component of overall success. Successful individuals are financially literate, understanding concepts such as budgeting, investing, and long-term financial planning. They make informed decisions about their money and work towards building financial stability.
Financial literacy provides a sense of control and security, allowing individuals to make strategic choices aligned with their goals. Planning for the future, including retirement and unexpected expenses, is a key aspect of financial success.
9. Integrity and Ethical Behavior
Integrity is the foundation of long-term success. Successful individuals operate with honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior in their personal and professional lives. Trustworthy individuals build strong relationships and reputations, which are essential in any field.
Maintaining integrity involves making ethical decisions, even when faced with difficult choices. Successful individuals prioritize doing the right thing over short-term gains, understanding that trust is a valuable asset.
10. Health and Well-being
Lastly, success is incomplete without prioritizing health and well-being. Successful individuals recognize the importance of physical and mental health in sustaining high performance over the long term. Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management contribute to overall well-being.
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Balancing work and personal life, setting boundaries, and practicing self-care are integral to maintaining optimal health. Success loses its meaning if it comes at the expense of one’s well-being.
Secret of a successful person lies in the intentional cultivation of a combination of factors, including vision, passion, continuous learning, resilience, time management, networking, emotional intelligence, financial literacy, integrity, and prioritizing health. While success may be a subjective concept, incorporating these principles into one’s life can create a foundation for achieving personal and professional fulfillment. Remember, success is a journey, not a destination, and embracing these principles can pave the way for a fulfilling and rewarding life. | <urn:uuid:802c23f9-6655-4220-96ba-9c5dc74180c3> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.newsbeed.com/blog/secret-of-successful-person/ | 2024-10-15T01:03:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.936664 | 1,217 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Emne - Kroppsøving i skolen - LKRO001E
LKRO001E - Kroppsøving i skolen
Vurdering | Vekting | Varighet | Delkarakter | Hjelpemidler |
Semesteroppgave | 100/100 |
Physical Education is an introduction in being a teacher in physical education at Primary and Lower Secondary School. The students learn how to organize activities for children and learn how to make progressions in selected activities. The students will experience and discuss topics in the Norwegian curriculum. The didactics in the subject are based on a practical approach. The students will learn about physical activity in school due to the specific age of the pupils.
- has knowledge and skill to make technical and didactic considerations related to teaching and learning in physical education for pupils in steps 1-10
- has knowledge of the pupil based on the theories of physical development and the importance of gender, associated with learning
- has knowledge of how physical education can help to stimulate the basic skills (oral expression, reading, expressing themselves in writing, calculation, using digital tools) in initial training, and how it is appropriate to include these in physical education
- has knowledge of physical activity and the importance of this for children's health and development and the importance of physical activity from the public health perspective
- has skills in facilitating and guiding learning with play, sports, dancing, swimming, outdoor activities and current modes of motion in children's learning in general and special in grade 1 - 10 in school.
- has skills to develop goals for teaching and assessing student achievement and justify opinions
- can identify hazards and ensure students' safety in various activities and movement environment, particularly related to water
- is able to be responsible for the continuous development of their own professionalism
- can contribute to school development on the basis of physical education
Læringsformer og aktiviteter
This course aims to develop the student`s competence in physical education for children in Primary and Lower Secondary School. It emphasises a playful approach to activities within outdoor education, play and different sport activities. The teaching will be carried out in various environment and areas. The student will learn how to work with physical education in a didactic perspective and how they can develop the subject further. Practical skills together with theoretical knowledge are therefore emphasised. Physical education includes many aspects where the P.E. teacher has to manage how to organise education for both individuals and to larger groups with different needs. Discussions and reflections related to physical education in school will be an important part of this course. The students are expected to acquire skills through participation in the practical teaching as well as through independent study outside of the organized teaching, through group work and the digital learning platform. Some of the teaching will be theory, while most of the teaching will be in practical activity with group discussions. Teaching will be at different suitable locations; most will be at campus, as well as in the swimming pool, the forest and other locations. Norwegian and English is the language of communication.
- Obligatoriske arbeidskrav i henhold til emnebeskrivelsen
Mer om vurdering
Obligatory course work: 80% participation in the practical classes as specified in the term schedule. All obligatory course work will be evaluated Approved/Not Approved.
Exam: semester assignment based on didactics in physical education.
Student must be in a teacher training program at home institution to be admitted.
The reading list will be posted on Blackboard prior to semester start.
Studienivå: Grunnleggende emner, nivå I
Termin nr.: 1
Undervises: HØST 2024
Undervisningsspråk: Engelsk, Norsk
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For mer info om oppmelding til og gjennomføring av eksamen, se "Innsida - Eksamen" | <urn:uuid:0c441b5d-9f56-4f43-bc94-fe01777262f5> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.ntnu.no/studier/emner/LKRO001E | 2024-10-15T01:02:07Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.867552 | 958 | 3.5 | 4 |
As the construction industry continues to evolve and embrace new methods of building, the concept of offsite components has gained significant importance. Understanding and accurately estimating the costs associated with these components is crucial for project planning and budgeting. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of estimating offsite component costs and provide guidance on how to achieve accurate estimates.
Before we dive into the nitty-gritty of cost estimation, let's take a moment to define offsite components. These are prefabricated or pre-assembled elements that are manufactured offsite and then transported to the construction site for installation. From structural components like walls and floors to mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems, offsite components offer time and cost savings while ensuring quality control.
Realizing the benefits of incorporating offsite components into construction projects, many industry professionals are increasingly turning to this method. However, the first step towards efficient cost estimation lies in understanding what these components entail.
Offsite components encompass a wide range of elements that are fabricated in specialized factories or workshops. These components are generally manufactured using advanced technologies and quality control measures, ensuring compliance with project specifications and regulations.
Examples of offsite components may include precast concrete panels, steel framing systems, modular mechanical and electrical units, and even entire bathroom pods. The range of possibilities is extensive, and each project may require a unique combination of offsite components.
Understanding the specific offsite components relevant to your project is essential for accurate cost estimation. By identifying the key components, you can focus your efforts and resources on gathering the necessary information and utilizing cost estimation tools effectively.
Accurate cost estimation forms the foundation of successful construction projects. Failing to estimate the costs associated with offsite components accurately can lead to budget overruns, delays, and compromised quality. Therefore, it is imperative to invest time and effort into developing precise estimates.
Accurate cost estimation allows project stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding project feasibility, resource allocation, and procurement strategies. It helps set realistic budgets, identify potential risks, and assess the financial viability of the project. Moreover, accurate cost estimation sets the stage for transparent and effective communication between all project participants, enhancing collaboration and minimizing conflicts.
Now that we have established the significance of accurate cost estimation, let's explore the necessary steps to achieve it.
Estimating the costs of offsite components requires a systematic approach that involves multiple steps. By following these steps diligently, you can enhance the accuracy of your estimates and ensure project success.
The first step in estimating the costs of offsite components is to identify the specific elements that make up your project. This can be done by analyzing the project drawings, specifications, and engineering documents. By gaining a clear understanding of the required offsite components, you can make informed decisions regarding the subsequent estimation process.
It is essential to collaborate closely with the design team and other relevant stakeholders to identify all the necessary components. Regular meetings and proactive communication can help ensure that no crucial item is missed during this initial stage.
Once you have identified the offsite components, the next step is to gather all the relevant information needed for accurate cost estimation. This includes details about the manufacturer, supplier, material specifications, transportation requirements, and installation procedures. The more comprehensive and up-to-date your information is, the more accurate your estimates will be.
During this phase, I have found it helpful to engage with experienced suppliers and manufacturers to gain insights into industry trends and best practices. Their expertise can shed light on potential cost drivers and help you make more informed decisions.
Estimating the costs of offsite components manually can be a challenging and time-consuming task. To streamline the process and improve accuracy, it is advisable to leverage cost estimation tools and software specifically designed for construction projects.
There are various cost estimation tools available in the market, ranging from simple spreadsheets to advanced software applications. These tools can help you automate calculations, account for various cost variables, and generate detailed reports. Investing in a reliable cost estimation tool can significantly enhance your efficiency and accuracy, freeing up valuable time for other critical project activities.
Additionally, it is essential to keep your cost estimation tool up to date with the latest market rates, material prices, and labor costs. Regularly reviewing and adjusting your cost estimation tool ensures that your estimates reflect the current market conditions accurately.
While the steps outlined above provide a solid framework for estimating offsite component costs, it is crucial to consider the factors that can influence these costs. By understanding these factors, you can refine your estimates and account for potential cost variations.
The choice of materials used for offsite components can significantly impact their costs. Certain materials, such as high-grade steel or sustainable alternatives, may be more expensive than conventional options. When estimating costs, it is important to consider both the initial material costs and any additional costs associated with specialized fabrication processes.
Moreover, market forces and supply chain dynamics can cause material costs to fluctuate. Staying updated with market trends and building solid relationships with suppliers can help mitigate the impacts of such fluctuations on your estimates.
In addition to material costs, labor expenses play a pivotal role in estimating the costs of offsite components. Skilled labor is essential for manufacturing and assembling these components with precision and efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to consider labor rates and productivity levels when developing your cost estimates.
Furthermore, it is important to account for the potential need for specialized labor for complex or unique components. Engaging with experienced manufacturers and contractors can provide valuable insights into labor requirements and associated costs.
Offsite components need to be transported from the manufacturing facility to the construction site. Transportation costs can vary depending on the distance, accessibility of the site, and the size and weight of the components.
When estimating transportation costs, it is essential to consider factors such as fuel prices, permits, and any special transportation requirements. Collaboration with logistics experts and transportation providers can help you develop accurate estimates that consider all relevant factors.
Even with a thorough understanding of offsite components and a systematic estimation process, certain pitfalls can lead to inaccurate cost estimates. By being aware of these common mistakes, you can avoid them and improve the reliability of your estimates.
While estimating the costs of offsite components, it is crucial to consider the hidden or indirect costs that may arise. These costs can include design modifications, additional site preparation works, temporary accommodation for workers, and even potential delays caused by unforeseen circumstances.
By involving all relevant stakeholders during the estimation process and accounting for potential hidden costs, you can develop more realistic project budgets and minimize surprises down the line.
Accurate quantity takeoff forms the basis of cost estimation. Failing to measure and quantify the required offsite components accurately can lead to significant deviations in cost estimates. Therefore, it is essential to leverage standardized measuring techniques and utilize advanced technologies, such as 3D modeling, to extract accurate quantities from project documentation.
Moreover, regular cross-checking and verification of quantities by multiple team members can help identify and rectify potential errors or inconsistencies.
Market conditions, including fluctuations in material prices, labor rates, and transportation costs, can significantly impact the accuracy of your estimates. Ignoring these fluctuations can lead to cost deviations and potential budget overruns.
Keeping a keen eye on market trends and maintaining open lines of communication with suppliers, manufacturers, and industry experts is crucial for mitigating the impact of market fluctuations on your cost estimates. Regularly updating your cost estimation tool with the latest market rates can also help you stay ahead of the game.
In conclusion, accurately estimating the costs associated with various offsite components is essential for successful construction projects. By understanding the fundamentals of offsite components, following a systematic estimation process, and considering the key factors impacting costs, you can develop accurate estimates that lay the groundwork for project success.
Remember, accurate cost estimation requires continuous improvement and adaptation. As you gain more experience and encounter new challenges, refine your estimation strategies to ensure your estimates remain reliable and aligned with industry best practices.
So, go ahead, embrace the world of offsite components, and unlock the benefits they offer. By mastering cost estimation, you will pave the way for efficient and profitable construction projects.
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Thanks for reading! | <urn:uuid:ef735d75-e6b1-4cb9-a723-ee9feed07226> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.offsite.com/blog/mastering-corporate-retreat-cost-estimation-for-offsite-construction-components-a-comprehensive | 2024-10-15T00:21:36Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.91838 | 1,777 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Teach them age-appropriate kitchen tasks
CulinarySchools.Org's The Boiled Eggs game
CulinarySchools.Org's The Boiled Eggs game
A data breach happens when sensitive personal information is stolen or exposed. It can cause problems for companies and individuals alike.
Fortunately, you can help protect your personal information and avoid becoming a data breach victim. In this article, we'll discuss tips to help you do that.
One of the most important things you can do to protect your data is to change your passwords regularly. This should happen at least once a month or every few months, depending on the importance of your accounts.
Regularly changing your passwords will help ensure that your data is not compromised, even after a breach occurs.
Passwords should be unique and challenging for hackers to guess. Make your passwords at least 12 characters long, but 14 or more is ideal.
Strong passwords are the first line of defense against hackers and cyber threats. They prevent unauthorized access to your electronic accounts and devices, keeping your sensitive personal information safe.
They also limit the damage that hackers can do to your account, as it is difficult for them to crack it. Hackers often use brute force attacks (trying every possible combination of numbers, letters, and special characters) to guess your password.
A good password is long, uses a mixture of letters (upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols, and doesn't contain personal information. It should also be memorable enough to remember without writing it down.
When you change your passwords often, it makes it harder for hackers to access your accounts. This also reduces the risk of someone else stealing your personal information.
It would help to change your passwords when you move computers around. This helps protect your accounts from being hacked by anyone who has access to your old computer.
Changing your passwords is especially important when you share accounts with friends or family members.
One of the best ways to avoid a data breach is to change your passwords on all your devices. This will help ensure that if someone does hack your account, they can't use any of the information they have gained.
The best way to do this is by using a strong password manager. These apps can securely store all your passwords, regardless of length or complexity. They can also alert you if your passwords have been compromised, helping you keep your personal information safe.
If one of your websites or apps becomes the victim of a data breach list, all your personal information is at risk. Hackers can use stolen usernames and passwords to access your accounts, drain your funds, or even commit identity theft.
Changing your passwords on all websites is the best way to ensure that you're not the target of a breach. Using unique and complex passwords for each account can make it more difficult for hackers to steal your data.
One of the easiest ways to avoid a breach is to change your passwords on all social media accounts. This will reduce the number of people accessing your funds and help prevent phishing and fishing attacks.
Use a strong password that is at least six characters long. This is important, as a longer password can be easily cracked.
Passwords should also be unique for every account. For example, use a different password for your social media and business email accounts.
When you use a strong password, it can protect your email account from hackers. However, if the password is reused on other charges, it can be hacked again, which could put your data at risk.
One way to prevent this is to change the password on all your email accounts. This can be time-consuming, but it will help ensure you don't get breached again.
A good password should be unique and hard to guess. It should also be extended and contain numbers, special characters, and upper and lower-case letters.
Changing your passwords on all online accounts is especially important in the wake of a data breach. This will ensure that even if a hacker gains access to one report, they won't be able to use the password for another account.
When choosing passwords, it's essential to choose a word or phrase that is hard to guess. This can help avoid phishing and identity theft attacks.
The best way to avoid a data breach is to set up a backup of all your essential files. This ensures that your personal information is safe if something goes wrong with your computer or phone.
The backup is usually stored on an external hard drive, a USB flash drive, or some other storage media that can be accessed and restored in case the original data is lost. It can also be stored in a physical office or the cloud. | <urn:uuid:6206b76a-3883-47e6-b85c-a9955633896e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.onlinediaryofalritch.com/ | 2024-10-15T01:13:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.940712 | 949 | 3.203125 | 3 |
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of testing for infectious diseases, both for individual people’s health and for public health. When working to mitigate the impact of an infectious disease, it is important to test large numbers of people. However, this can take a significant amount of time and resources. Sample pooling and at-home testing can help. Read on to learn more about these testing methods.
What Is Sample Pooling?
Sample pooling, as its name suggests, allows multiple samples to be tested using only one test because samples are pooled together. With sample pooling, more individuals can be monitored through fewer tests. This way, scientists can collect population-level data while conserving valuable resources like testing supplies, labor, time, and money.1
When a test using sample pooling comes back positive, this indicates that one or more individuals in the pool may be infected. When this is the case, all people in the pool need to be retested to identify the individual positive samples.2 In contrast, a negative result from a pooled test means that all samples in the pool can be presumed negative.3
Sample pooling is most frequently used for what is called surveillance testing. This type of testing is often done on individuals who are not experiencing symptoms of a disease in order to keep track of a disease within a population (more about surveillance testing this Swabology post). For example, surveillance testing has been helpful for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 on college campuses.
Advantages of Sample Pooling
When an infectious disease in a population is relatively rare, pooling can be a useful strategy because only a small number of pools will test positive, meaning that only the individuals in those pools will need to be retested. Sample pooling is useful for surveillance testing. For accurate and efficient surveillance testing, it is important to use the correct pool size. If pool sizes are too small, the benefits of sample pooling are minimized because testing many small pools still requires a considerable amount of supplies and labor. In contrast, if pool sizes are too large, it will take significant resources to retest entire pools and identify infected individuals when a test of a pool comes back positive. To optimize sample pooling, pool sizes need to be carefully calculated according to the prevalence of the disease in a population.3 When sample pooling is done correctly, it can provide scientists with valuable information at a fraction of the cost of testing people individually.
Limitations of Sample Pooling
One of the limitations of pooling is that samples get diluted when they are pooled. This may result in a lower concentration of target substances.2Thus, some cases may go undetected and false negatives may occur. In general, the likelihood of false negative results increases as the pool size increases.2
What Is At-Home Testing?
At-home tests, as their name suggests, are tests which people administer themselves, usually in their own homes. There are several categories of at-home tests including tests which are self-sampled before being sent to a lab or clinic to be processed and tests which are self-sampled and can return results at home. There are also some at-home tests which are self administered, but are monitored by a healthcare professional via video conference.
Advantages of At-Home Tests
At-home testing is a way to make infectious disease tests more accessible. People do not need to travel to testing locations and they can perform tests on their own time. At-home tests are also anonymous and private and they save labor costs.
Limitations of At-Home Tests
At-home testing cannot always be a substitute for testing at medical facilities. Some tests require a clinical lab or medical professional to take the sample. Another issue with at-home tests is that errors are more common when people administer tests themselves.5
The Big Picture
As schools, offices, and businesses reopen in the late stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, testing is playing a crucial role in keeping track of the disease, both on a population level and on an individual level. Though testing materials are not as scarce as they were during the early stages of the pandemic, conserving resources is still important. Sample pooling and at-home testing can help save time, labor, and supplies. They can also provide medical professionals and public health experts with crucial data.
- American Society for Microbiology. COVID-19 Pool Testing: Is It Time to Jump In? https://asm.org/Articles/2020/July/COVID-19-Pool-Testing-Is-It-Time-to-Jump-In. Published 2020. Accessed July 20, 2021.
- FDA. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Issues First Emergency Authorization for Sample Pooling in Diagnostic Testing | FDA. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-first-emergency-authorization-sample-pooling-diagnostic. Published 2020. Accessed July 18, 2021.
- CDC. Interim Guidance for Use of Pooling Procedures in SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic and Screening Testing. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/pooling-procedures.html. Published 2021. Accessed July 18, 2021.
- Praharaj I, Jain A, Singh M, et al. Pooled testing for COVID-19 diagnosis by real-time RT-PCR: A multi-site comparative evaluation of 5- & 10-sample pooling. Indian J Med Res. 2020;152(1 & 2):88-94. doi:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR\2304\20
- The Pros and Cons of At-Home Testing for Patients: What Clinicians Should Know. https://huddle.florence-health.com/discover/content/article/pros-cons-at-home-testing-what-clinicians-should-know/. Accessed July 19, 2021.
- Goetz LH, Schork NJ. Personalized medicine: motivation, challenges, and progress. Fertil Steril. 2018;109(6):952-963. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.006
- Lakdawalla D, et al. Getting Americans Back To Work (And School) with Pooled Testing. https://healthpolicy.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/USCSchaefferPooledTesting. Accessed October 4, 2021. | <urn:uuid:cc608e58-f038-41e4-ae80-121f0dec1c40> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.optindustries.com/articles/swabology/testing-for-infectious-diseases-sample-pooling-and-at-home-testing | 2024-10-15T00:01:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.926096 | 1,387 | 3.515625 | 4 |
An EU that continues to fund fossil fuel infrastructure, like natural gas pipelines, is frustrating the transition to a modern and clean energy system. More money for fossil fuels would call into question the EU’s climate commitments, put public money at risk and leave the modernisation of the energy system underfunded.
Early May, the EU Commission presented its proposal for the post-2020 EU budget (the Multi-Annual Financial Framework, set to run up to 2027). This budget is an opportunity to align energy infrastructure spending with the European energy transition already well under way – by ending funding for fossil infrastructure. While it suggests a “sustainability proofing” for infrastructure investments, this needs clarification that investments in fossils do not fall in this category.
The EU’s flagship investment vehicle for energy infrastructure, the Connecting Europe Facility, has so far allocated more than €1.3 billion to gas pipelines and terminals, outstripping the funding for electricity. On top of that, regional development funds and Horizon 2020 have also allocated hundreds of millions to fossil infrastructure. Not to speak of the billions invested in fossil-fuels by EU public banks and financial instruments. This needs to change.
Let’s take the example of natural gas pipelines, which are among the most prominent pieces of high-carbon infrastructure in Europe. Choosing to continue spending on natural gas pipelines would be a waste for three reasons:
Natural gas is a fossil fuel. But the Paris Agreement on Climate Change means the world is quickly moving away from fossil fuels
Europe needs to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 to meet the Paris Agreement’s aim to hold global average temperature rises to “well below 2 degrees” by the end of the century. Its members France, Portugal and Sweden are already well into developing plans to do so.
Investing in long-lasting fossil fuel infrastructure is incompatible with the EU’s obligations under the Paris Agreement and would put its commitment into question in the eyes of the EU’s partners. A recent study looking at aligning EU emissions with the Paris Agreement gives a clear idea of the direction of travel for natural gas: 9 Mtoe of final energy consumption in 2050 compared to ca 343 Mtoe in 2014.
Greenhouse gas emissions aside, collective action as a result of the Paris Agreement has fundamentally shifted the economics of the global energy system. Clean, renewable energy sources are already neck-and-neck with new gas on price per kWh. And a recent study from IRENA has provided evidence that renewables will be consistently cheaper than fossil fuel generation before the end of this decade.
Any new gas infrastructure risks becoming a stranded asset
Public money is best spent where it serves the public interest. Investing in the likes of energy efficiency would reduce costs for consumers – increasing industry competitiveness and tackling energy poverty. Investments in gas infrastructure, on the other hand, would do the opposite.
The EU’s gas pipeline overcapacity is such that it is currently importing less than half of what its capacity allows it to. The long-term trend of falling demand for natural gas in Europe isn’t changed by the recent uptick in demand either. Recent years have seen gas used to plug one-off generation gaps caused by the increasing departure of coal from European energy networks.
But natural gas demand is caught between changing economics and the EU’s plans to severely cut demand through energy efficiency, decarbonise power and electrify heating and cooling. Even from an energy security perspective, the Commission is clear that current pipeline bottlenecks will be taken care of by early 2020s. This has been corroborated by a recent report by Trinomics for the S&D group which concludes that recent investments in gas infrastructure adequately secure a diverse supply for member states.
Money’s tight, so let’s invest public funds in the infrastructure with a future
The EU needs to get its energy infrastructure ready to accommodate fundamental changes driven by decarbonisation, digitisation, decentralisation among others. And the EU budget could be the catalyst for plugging the clean economy financing gap – estimated at €170bn per annum.
There are much more future oriented technologies for the European budget to be supporting after 2020 than fossil fuel infrastructure. The reinforcement of electricity transmission and distribution grids, the rolling out of electro-mobility infrastructure and smart grids are just a few examples – all of which would work to support the aims of the Paris Agreement.
A modern EU requires a modern budget. New fossil infrastructure just isn’t part of that picture.
By Lisa Fisher, Senior Policy Advisor in E3G’s London office – 04 May 2018
Featured Image: Shutterstock | <urn:uuid:7c8deca7-39bf-44cb-af1c-2c21cade3f3c> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.peoplesbudget.eu/funding-for-the-future-not-for-fossils/ | 2024-10-15T00:57:32Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.938471 | 953 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Everyone “talks” with their hands at least sometimes. Some people’s hand-talking or gesturing matches their message well. Other people have a tendency to make overly large gestures that can be distracting. And still others don’t use their hands much at all. No matter which camp you fall into, it’s important to pay attention to your hand gestures while you are communicating or making a presentation. You may be unconsciously communicating in ways you don't realize. Many gestures are universal across cultures and geographies. Here are some examples.
Using no hand gestures: If you don't use your hands at all, that may be perceived as indifference. Your audience may feel that you don't care about what you are talking about.
Hands hidden: If your audience can’t see your hands, it will be hard for them to trust you.
Hands open and your palms at a 45-degree angle: Communicates that you are being honest and open.
Hands open with palms down: Communicates that you are certain about what you are talking about.
Palms facing each other with your fingers together: Communicates that you have expertise about what you are talking about.
Hands grasped in front of you: Communicates that you are nervous or tentative, as does touching your face, hair, or neck.
Hand gestures that are larger than the outlines of your body: Communicates a large idea or concept. But if all your hand gestures are large you will communicate that you are chaotic or out of control.
Hand gestures can have cultural meanings: A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal. It was my first time in Portugal, and I became instantly enamored of the special custard pastries that Lisbon and Portugal are known for. One morning, I went into a bakery and ordered two of the pastries. I did so by holding up two fingers, similar to the “victory” or “peace” gesture in the United States. The person behind the counter proceeded to put three pastries in a box. I later learned that the gesture for two would have been to raise my thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasn’t showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three.
I was lucky that I didn’t get into more trouble than an extra pastry. Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country or to a culture that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures in your presentation might be misunderstood, not understood at all, or offensive.
What do you think? Have you experimented with using hand gestures to communicating confidence and expertise?
Here's my favorite book on body language: The Silent Language of Leaders: How Body Language Can Help—or Hurt—How You Lead by Carol Kinsey Goman (2011).
And for more great tips for presenting and speaking see my book: 100 Things Every Presenter Needs To Know About People (2012). | <urn:uuid:f799c806-8adf-4955-875c-a5b7cc9cce37> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/brain-wise/201209/your-hand-gestures-are-speaking-for-you | 2024-10-15T00:17:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.959522 | 624 | 3.125 | 3 |
A smash is a very high-speed shot aimed at finishing the point with a flat hit (not particularly spinny). Smashes may generate some topspin, but are not as spinny as a loop stroke.
Besides, how do you smash in Table Tennis?
In this way, what is flip in table tennis?
The flip or flick is a quick stroke performed on short balls near the net. It uses mostly the wrist and forearm, and produces a fast ball with moderate to little topspin.
What is a backspin in table tennis?
The backspin chop is a stroke which attempts to negate the attacking strokes of your opponent and relies on a player having good movement and the right types of table tennis rubbers.
6 Table Tennis Tactics
- Play on your opponent’s weaknesses.
- Play consistently and don’t make unforced errors.
- Move your opponent around the table.
- Vary your strokes.
- Vary the speed, spin and direction of your strokes.
- Play to your own strengths.
Hidden serve is the most common illegal serve in table tennis. The player uses his free arm or his body to hide the contact point. It’s difficult to see if this was a topspin serve, a no-spin float serve, or a backspin serve. Hidden serve was allowed before but ITTF changed the rule.
It’s also worth noting that, despite all the subtle changes to this rule, it has never been legal to volley the ball in table tennis like you can when playing tennis. And it has never been legal to “spike” the ball and then play a shot as you can in volleyball either. | <urn:uuid:f74bdab8-b0ab-4d50-a6fd-5f04e14756b2> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.racketsource.com/articles/what-is-the-meaning-of-smash-in-table-tennis-a0287e1b/ | 2024-10-15T00:30:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.955665 | 350 | 2.78125 | 3 |
It is thought that upper-class Victorians in England invented table tennis in the 1880s as a genteel, after-dinner alternative to lawn tennis, using whatever they could find as equipment.
Beside above, what is the history of table tennis in Asia?
The rise of table tennis in Asia. In the 1950s, table tennis became integral to the countries of Asia. The Japanese excelled at the World Team Championships between 1954 and 1959. This domination was bolstered by the introduction of foam, which transformed classic bats.
Keeping this in view, how was table tennis developed?
The sport originated in Victorian England, where it was played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game. It has been suggested that makeshift versions of the game were developed by British military officers in India around the 1860s or 1870s, who brought it back with them.
Who first played table tennis?
Steve Grant has traced the name Ping Pong to an 1884 song by Harry Dacre. The distinct sound of the celluloid ball bouncing off the drum rackets quickly led to the use of the same name.
Official Rules of Table Tennis
- GAMES ARE PLAYED TO 11 POINTS. …
- ALTERNATE SERVES EVERY TWO POINTS. …
- TOSS THE BALL STRAIGHT UP WHEN SERVING. …
- THE SERVE CAN LAND ANYWHERE IN SINGLES. …
- DOUBLES SERVES MUST GO RIGHT COURT TO RIGHT COURT. …
- A SERVE THAT TOUCHES THE NET ON THE WAY OVER IS A “LET” …
- ALTERNATE HITTING IN A DOUBLES RALLY.
According to Wikipedia, tennis was first played sometime between 1859 and 1865, and table tennis was first played in the 1880s.
Playing style: Ping Pong uses sandpaper which provides medium to slow speed and medium spin. Table tennis has a faster pace and a higher amount of spin. Table tennis has an offensive and defensive playing style. Ping Pong can mix both playing-styles in a game.
Now that you know the name of the game, let’s talk about how to win! A professional or Olympic table tennis match is played in games to 11 (not 21!). Much like how a tennis match is a best of 5 sets, a table tennis match will be a best of 7 of these games to 11. Service alternates 2 serves each (not 5!). | <urn:uuid:4a1a640b-61d9-4e2c-8298-75d55829619e> | CC-MAIN-2024-42 | https://www.racketsource.com/articles/when-was-table-tennis-first-invented-ba18daac/ | 2024-10-14T22:57:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944255525.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20241014225046-20241015015046-00525.warc.gz | en | 0.950303 | 517 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits