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St. Olaf Magazine | Fall 2019
Piper Center
Piper Center Interns: Matt Whear '20 and Sydney Wagner '21
Matt Whear and Sydney Wagner, photographed at the Minneapolis Grain Exchange by Tom Roster
Matt Whear '20
Mathematics major | Statistics and Management Studies concentrations
Sydney Wagner '21
Economics major
Venture Capital Analyst Interns, Capita3
When looking for an internship that would help them learn the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the venture capital space, Sydney Wagner and Matt Whear were both drawn to Capita3. It is a small, early-stage venture capital fund that invests in women-led startups in the health care sector, particularly in the Midwest, an area that doesn't see a lot of venture capital investment. The company supports women innovators in building their companies and hosts programs that help women grow their skills in leadership.
"There's a huge inequity between the amount of funding that women as opposed to men receive, and Capita3 is trying to bridge that gap," Wagner says. "What really stood out to me is that Capita3 isn't just giving money to women entrepreneurs. They're also focused on developing women as leaders. I find that mission really inspiring."
While Whear and Wagner are both venture capital analyst interns, each is performing different duties. Wagner has primarily been researching industry and sector trends in the health care space. "I'm looking at where venture capital firms are investing their money and asking questions like 'Does a women's health care company have to have an app to be competitive?'" she says.
Whear has been studying deal syndication, researching other VC firms with similar missions to Capita3 that might become investment partners. He has been working on getting Capita3's name in front of accelerators and incubators, as well as conducting some fund modeling. "I've been helping make a tool that models different fund allocation scenarios and have also created equity models for various investment opportunities," he says.
Both students assist the firm with its "deal flow," which helps venture capitalists track available investment opportunities so that they can find the most attractive ones, both in terms of risk and potential. The interns also had the opportunity to sit in on pitch meetings, listening to entrepreneurs and asking them questions about such things as marketing strategies and how they hope to outcompete other businesses.
"That was a great experience, and not an opportunity that most interns get," Whear says.
As members of the cohort of St. Olaf's Entrepreneurial Scholars program, Whear and Wagner benefit from being in a group of 10 students interning at startups and entrepreneurial ventures. Students in the program — established by a generous gift from Steve Moksnes '61 and Billie Slethaug Moksnes '61 to expand resources for entrepreneurial learning — receive funding from the Piper Center. They gather twice over the summer with the center's Kirsten Cahoon, senior associate director of employer and alumni relations, and Margaret Bransford, associate director of entrepreneurship, to discuss their experiences and learn from each other's successes and challenges.
Wagner has found that the skills she has developed in St. Olaf's liberal arts environment have come in handy at Capita3. "While my accounting classes help with understanding cash flow and the different aspects of a financial statement, it's the strong writing skills and critical and analytical thinking that I've developed at St. Olaf that have been most helpful," she says, noting that Oles are comfortable wearing many different hats.
Whear says the work at Capita3 — combined with a previous internship at Traveler's Insurance — has broadened his experience in combining his interests in math, statistics, and management, allowing him to apply what he has learned in the classroom in a hands-on setting.
"There's so much to learn in an internship, from the real-world experience to figuring out if that particular work is really what you want to pursue," says Whear. "This internship at Capita3 has been a good experience of mixing my interest in overall business with the more analytical side of finance."
This article is found in the Fall 2019 issue of the St. Olaf Magazine. By Marla Hill Holt '88
Piper Center Intern: Yinglin Sun '21 Piper Center
Piper Center Intern: Yinglin Sun '21 | {
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Details for Operation Flashpoint: Red River Emerge
Last week, Codemasters revealed to online industry magazine Develop that it is working on new iterations in the Race Driver: Grid and Operation Flashpoint series. Today, IGN has published a first-look at the newest installment in the Operation Flashpoint series, which will be known as Operation Flashpoint: Red River. The interview indicates that while the developer has focused on recreating an authentic battlefield experience, they are also trying to make the game more fun. However, IGN emphasizes that this does not imply the game is becoming less hardcore or challenging, but that the developers are merely adding more variety to the game.
The events in Red River will take place in Tajikstan (Central Asia) where players will once again take on the role of US operatives who face off against the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Players will have access to 200 square kilometers of terrain. In an attempt to avoid alienating players who are used to Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 or Battlefield: Bad Company 2, the developer points out that they have intentionally placed the first several missions in areas that are more akin to the environments found in these games. This likely implies that the first few missions will be set in urban areas and that as the game progresses, environments will become more open.
In a further attempt to appeal to a wider audience, the Codemasters representative indicated that the overall user interface has been tweaked and that radial menu, which drew major criticism in the previous installment for being too complex, has been streamlined. Several modes of assistance can also be activated, though players retain the ability to play without any form of assistance at all.
Codemasters indicated that the new Operation Flashpoint will not have competitive multiplayer modes, but instead focus on cooperative play. Besides ensuring that the cooperative aspect of the game will be top-notch, the lack of competitive multiplayer also ensures that Operation Flashpoint: Red River does not treat into ethical "murky waters." Refering to games such as the upcoming Medal of Honor, creative director Sion Lenton indicated that he is "not sure if [he] I want['s] to play as the Taliban shooting American soldiers. […] That's a live conflict and you have to treat it with maximum respect."
Operation Flashpoint: Red River will be released for PC, Playstation 3 and Xbox 360 in 2011.
Codemastersdragon risingoperation flashpointred riversion lenton Read more | {
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The bow and arrow is not an illustrious weapon. Following a handheld laser with some wood and string doesn't exactly win over the ladies. But Robin Hood's weapon of choice has stood the test of time. The legend of Robin Hood is impossible to imagine without his bow and arrow.
A simple weapon, the bow and arrow needs little introduction or explanation. In the hands of many it is weak and powerless. Yet, with Robin Hood behind it, a bow and arrow can become a cultural staple. He hardly ever misses, and if he does, it may have been on purpose. This is the epitome of a weapon only as good as its shooter, and its shooter is darn good. | {
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Q: Idea and guidelines on end to end AWS solution I want to build an end to end automated system which consists of the following steps:
*
*Getting data from source to landing bucket AWS S3 using AWS Lambda
*Running some transformation job using AWS Lambda and storing in processed bucket of AWS S3
*Running Redshift copy command using AWS Lambda to push the transformed/processed data from AWS S3 to AWS Redshift
From the above points, I've completed pulling data, transforming data and running manual copy command from a Redshift using a SQL query tool.
Doubts:
*
*I've heard AWS CloudWatch can be used to schedule/automate things but never worked on it. So, if I want to achieve the steps above in a streamlined fashion, how to go about it?
*Should I use Lambda to trigger copy and insert statements? Or are there better AWS services to do the same?
*Any other suggestion on other AWS Services and of the likes are most welcome.
Constraint: Want as many tasks as possible to be serverless (except for semantic layer, Redshift).
A: CloudWatch:
Your options here are either to use CloudWatch Alarms or Events.
With alarms, you can respond to any metric of your system (eg CPU utilization, Disk IOPS, count of Lambda invocations etc) when it crosses some threshold, and when this alarm is triggered, invoke a lambda function (or send SNS notification etc) to perform a task.
With events you can use either a cron expression or some AWS service event (eg EC2 instance state change, SNS notification etc) to then trigger another service (eg Lambda), so you could for example run some kind of clean-up operation via lambda on a regular schedule, or create a snapshot of an EBS volume when its instance is shut down.
Lambda itself is a very powerful tool, and should allow you to program a decent copy/insert function in a language you are familiar with. AWS has several GitHub repos with lots of examples too, see for example the serverless examples and many samples. There may be other services which could work for you in your specific case, but part of Lambda's power is its flexibility.
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The Offaly native is four shots off the lead at the Dubai Desert Classic while Paul Dunne is following closely behind.
The world number three got the better of Spieth in the opening round of the Abu Dhabi Championship.
Woods took part in traditional Emirati ayala dancing with Westwood and McIlroy and was in good spirits. Until someone mentioned Hank Haney's book. | {
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La Biblia (títol original: The Bible: In the Beginning...) és una pel·lícula estatunidenco-italiana dirigida per John Huston, estrenada el 1966. Ha estat doblada al català.
Argument
La pel·lícula explica els 22 primers capítols de la Gènesi i es divideix en tres grans seccions: Adam i Eva, l'Arca de Noé i la història d'Abraham. Hi ha igualment dues seccions més curtes: la construcció de la Torre de Babel, situada entre les de Noè i d'Abraham, i la de la destrucció de Sodoma i de Gomorra, integrada en la secció d'Abraham. La idea general de la pel·lícula són les aliances passades entre la divinitat i la humanitat (Adam i Eva, Noè, Abraham) i els moments on aquests aliances es van trencar (Babel, Sodoms i Gomorra).
La secció d'Adam i Eva comença per la Creació. La història d'Adam i Eva està evidentment centrada e l'episodi de la serp en el Jardí de l'Edèn. S'acaba amb l'homicidi d'Abel pel seu germà Caín, condemnat a errar sobre la Terra la resta de la seva vida.
La secció sobre Noè és explicada de manera una mica humorística. El patriarca és descrit com un personatge simple i simpàtica que viu una bonica relació amb els animals de l'arca durant el diluvi. La seva família qüestiona les seves decisions, però no contesta mai la seva autoritat i li fa confiança.
La història d'Abraham, per contra, és pintada de manera molt més ombrívola. L'home és descrit com el constructor d'una nació, el líder del seu poble, un pioner i un guerrer que tem Déu més que tot. Déu l'ha fet venir al país de Canaan i ell ha promès aquesta terra per la seva descendència. L'acció d'Abraham està centrada en l'espera d'un nen que Déu li ha promés igualment i que Sara ha de tenir, però que es fa esperar. El naixement d'Isaac és doncs un feliç esdeveniment. Desgraciadament, Abraham és literalment mort quan Déu li demana un sacrifici alguns anys més tard. Decideix tot i així obeir, però el Senyor atura el seu braç a l'últim moment. Aquesta última escena és probablement el moment més intens de la pel·lícula.
Repartiment
Michael Parks: Adam
Ulla Bergryd: Eva
George C. Scott: Abraham
John Huston: Noè
Stephen Boyd: Nimrod
Richard Harris: Caín
Ava Gardner: Sara
Peter O'Toole: El missatger
Zoe Sallis: Hagar
Gabriele Ferzetti: Lot
Eleonora Rossi Drago: La dona de Lot
Franco Nero: Abel
Pupella Maggio: La dona de Noè
Al voltant de la pel·lícula
Dino De Laurentiis havia anunciat, a l'època, que aquesta pel·lícula havia de ser la primera d'una sèrie que fes reviure els llibres de la Bíblia. Aquest projecte molt costós es va dirigir mai.
John Huston havia tingut la idea original de demanar a Charles Chaplin interpretar el paper de Noè. Chaplin va refusar perquè no li agradava la idea d'aparèixer en una pel·lícula dirigida per un altre director. John Huston va decidir interpretar ell mateix el paper de Noè.
El paper de Noè va ser igualment ofert a Alec Guinness.
Les escenes de nuesa d'Adam i Eva en l'Edèn van ser filmades en un estil de clar-obscur. Ni Michael Parks ni Ulla Bergryd no van utilitzar dobles.
Els animals utilitzats per l'escena del diluvi provenien del zoo de Roma.
El rodatge es va desenvolupar de maig a desembre de 1964.
La pel·lícula va ser nominada pel l'Oscar a la millor banda sonora en la 39a Cerimònia dels Oscars (1967).
Referències
Enllaços externs
Pel·lícules del 1966 doblades al català
Pel·lícules dels Estats Units del 1966
Pel·lícules dirigides per John Huston
Pel·lícules dramàtiques d'Itàlia
Pel·lícules dramàtiques dels Estats Units
Pel·lícules històriques d'Itàlia
Pel·lícules històriques dels Estats Units
Pel·lícules rodades a Sardenya | {
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Stamp Fairtex to have 1st MMA bout in ONE Championship at 'ONE: Dreams of Gold' in Bangkok, Thailand
By Conan Altatis on July 26, 2019 • ( Leave a comment )
Stamp Fairtex (© ONE Championship)
ONE Atomweight Kickboxing and Muay Thai World Champion Stamp Fairtex, 21, is set to have her first official mixed martial arts bout in ONE Championship in front of her countrymen. She is an alum of the promotion's subsidiary ONE Warrior Series.
Stamp was one of the Thai martial artists who attended the official "ONE: Dreams of Gold" open workout on July 25, 2019. It took place at the Golden Tulip Sovereign Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand.
Including Stamp, six fighters will represent Thailand at "ONE: Dreams of Gold." The others are "Smokin" Jo Nattawut, 29, Bangpleenoi Petchyindee Academy, 25, Lerdsila Phuket Top Team, 38, Muangthai PK.Saenchaimuaythaigym, 21, and ONE Flyweight Kickboxing World Champion "The Baby Shark" Petchdam Petchyindee Academy, 21.
ONE Championship will hold "ONE: Dreams of Gold" at the Impact Arena in Bangkok on August 16, 2019. One of the MMA bouts on the card is a women's atomweight contest between Stamp and promotional debutante Asha "Knockout Queen" Roka, 20, of India.
"I am ready to embark on this new chapter of my martial arts journey," Stamp stated. "When I first joined ONE Championship, I was already working very hard to compete in mixed martial art but when the opportunity to compete in both kickboxing and Muay Thai as well as the chance to become a World Champion came by, I couldn't pass it up."
"Now that I've achieved so much in those sports, I want more," the ONE Atomweight Kickboxing and Muay Thai World Champion continued. "I want the mixed martial arts world title. That's the goal."
Here is a clip from the "ONE: Dreams of Gold" open workout at the Golden Tulip Sovereign Hotel:
Ticket information for ONE: DREAMS OF GOLD is available at www.onefc.com.
For more updates on ONE Championship, please visit www.onefc.com, follow us on Twitter and Instagram @ONEChampionship, and like us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/ONEChampionship.
Tagged as: Bangkok, ONE Championship, ONE: Dreams of Gold, Stamp Fairtex, Thai MMA fighters, Thailand
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Templarius Games Studios is proud to present a tale from Michael Cox.
This game is in Early Access and is under active development. Not all levels have been added and all planned content will be added by final release.
Yoltrund: The World of Eternal Woe, a short story written in 2014 by Michael Cox, now takes flesh as Yoltrund. Using unique lore and characters, this tale is told.
Long before, there were Two, two brothers of The Ones Who Came Before; one of Light, one of Shadow. These brothers collided to form a third; one of Flame. The One King, burning with anger and hatred, created the Void that lives in all things; the barrier between realms to prevent his elder brothers from fighting further.
He then succumbed to Sin, causing his eternal fires to rage onward in beautiful shadow. In doing so, he created his realm of Yoltrund, where he punishes such sinners with purifying flame.
He then vanished, never to be seen again.
Experience the gripping tale as you play as a lost soul, trapped within Yoltrund, and must find his way out of the realm of eternal fire. However, to do so, he must travel deeper into this dark world and must survive the mazes within to prevent himself from being corrupted beyond saving.
Unique and incredibly deep story and characters based on almost a decades worth of lore from the unique Kaiyumian lore base. And with seeds planted in Yoltrund for future instances, your mind will race to solve the mysteries of Yoltrund for them to be revealed in time!
Yoltrund uses a Diary which details your journey through Yoltrund, from the places seen to interactions with characters, all using original quotes from the original story!
Yoltrund uses a unique 2D-3D style, using 2D pixel art, but with 3D effects and sequences. This style brings depth and beauty to each level.
Hand-crafted art and sound effects to make each region of Yoltrund unique and deep.
Yoltrund is designed with the perspective of old day RPGs; no frequent patching and no DLCs to allow for a complete and enjoyable experience at launch.
Experience the unique tale of Yoltrund, coming soon! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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package com.dbp.ajax;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/2/23.
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ajax")
public class AjaxController {
@RequestMapping("/person")
public AjaxModel post(@PathParam("name")String name, @PathParam("age")int age){
AjaxModel am = new AjaxModel();
am.setName(name);
am.setAge(age);
System.out.println(name == null ? "name is null " : "name is not null name is " + name);
System.out.println("age = " + age);
return am;
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
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Tom Liddell is executive director of the Michiana Health Information Network of South Bend, IN.
Every RHIO and HIE sounds successful, but clearly some aren't. What yardstick should they be measured against?
I think the yardsticks they should be measured against are sustainability from the standpoint of broad-based community support. That would be support not only from the institutional community — hospitals, laboratories, radiology centers — but from the physician and clinical community as well. That's the foundation of an exchange in a medical service or medical trading areas.
The second one is, they really do have to have an economic or financial model that is accountable not only to the servicing organization but to the physician provider. In our particular market, we ask financial participation from most, if not all of the parties that are involved. That's been an interesting secret, because then the value is not only perceived, but it is realized. You actually then have to deliver.
The third thing, I think, is the actual delivery of results. In our particular case, we are extremely focused on enabling the physician provider to have what we call 100% of the data in relevant care of an individual. So physician-led care that is driven by as much appropriate information that should be available.
If you have all those things, I think you then really have that sustainability, and it can provide a good long-term success.
What are some of the most innovative aspects of your service?
In terms of innovation, our approach is to try to be innovative in the service delivery components. By that, we do probably two things that are unique. We are standards based, so whether it's HL7 or CCHIT qualifications or the emerging meaningful use qualifications, we try to stay pretty close to those bodies of work.
In doing that, there are times when we have to shape an interface delivery service where there's an electronic health record that's not quite there. But we try to have its origination as close to the standards as possible. I don't know if it's innovative, but we think it is, and we still get the job done.
I think the second innovation that we came to a few years ago was we said we want to have some available service for every provider, be it fax replacement, pushing clinical results, or, what we call clinical messaging: a community health record that is extendable, meaning over 9, 10 years worth of data, or interface integration.
Innovation is an innovation in service. We have something for everybody. If you're a nursing home, we're going to make you more efficient. If you're a specialty provider, anything that you're copied on that a primary care doc orders is coming your way, whether it be through a delivered portal or through your integration or interface integration.
The other thing that we've done, which I don't know if it's innovative, but it's really working, is that we are one pipe into that physician provider. We are really taking care of so much of the burden that a physician practice would have if they had to go out and say, "Hey, I need to connect to laboratory, and then I need to go to this hospital, and then I need to go to that hospital." We literally take it all the way down through the vendor and watch results go into that electronic health record. That's been a huge spark and fuel that's been there.
The last thing that we do is what I would call it a best-of-breed provider. I believe that the market is still pretty early with an incredible amount of business opportunity, meaning I think we're going to see a ton of innovation over the next five to ten years. We are not, "Hey, it's only going to be Cerner's architecture." While we think it's great, we see that Axolotl had a fit for us, and we see that Medicity might have a play with their box. We also see that there are places where something like the Mirth engine might fit.
So we're a best-of-breed, meaning we want to keep ourselves open to not being only locked into a single vendor, a single strategy.
How many employees do you have and what do they do?
We have 14 full-time, two part-time, and two interns. They're largely boxed in three areas. The first area is our development area. That is the area that we have services around the creation development, the deployment of, that which is exchanged. That could be anything from standards creation for an interface bringing a new hospital onboard, bringing a large multi-site physician provider practice and literally doing that development. That's coding interfaces that's creating the roadmap for those things. In some cases it's sort of boring, benign, making sure that we have a common set of standards that are deployed. That's the development group.
We then have the service and operations team. That's where hardware, technical, and application support reside. That's everything from working with our servers and data farms to data management to our Oracle database as well as we have other database management tools to the team that runs what we call our frontline services. We try to, if anything, overemphasize that first-line service, and that we answer calls all the time. There's no other drop boxes for that. We believe that that's important, because if anything, it's right at that point that that coordination and service needs to be there. That's that group.
The third group that we have houses what we call our physician services. That's comprised of anything that relates to the physician or clinical service that goes out to the community. They do all statements of work, all integrational projects around, whether it be pushing results to our clinical messaging system and rolling it out for a hospital. We do work with Dragon, those kinds of things and add-on products. It's really enablement in that physician clinic space for that.
Inside of that, sorted of grafted on to that group, we also have what we call the institutional team. That's just one person working on the institutional side to make sure that their efforts are coordinated. That's your hospitals, labs, etc.
The last little group we have is really myself and one other guy that do what we call our business development, which is when we go and talk to a new customer, RFIs and RFPs. What we've done is we actually outsource with one of our partners, one of our owners, some technical services. You can almost say we've got two additional FTEs that do technical capacity work for us.
Our interns — we've done a couple of things. We have a medical student — in fact his whole summer was dedicated to, and is still keeping track, and he'll be back in the holiday season — we've been studying what we call medication management. Everything from how many people have adopted by county, by specialty, to what's happening on medication reconciliation and what a patient needs in the hospital. It takes about 24 months to set up a service properly.
The second intern we have is a programming intern. We've really tried to call out both clinical users as well as people that are more in the technical line of services out there.
You are working with the GAO on PHI disclosure. What are your thoughts around that?
I guess I could say we completed the first round of work. We were the first place they called, so I guess that was exciting. They were very nice and accommodating. A team from Atlanta came and spent the better part of a day and into the next day. We went through everything.
It was actually a great example where we were able to bring security specialists from the institutions and we lined up basically according to the services. If you were doing clinical messaging, we hooked them up with a clinic, so that they could understand how that would go. If you were doing interface integration, we brought them over, and a CEO of a 25-provider oncology group showed them how they their release and how their information kind of flows. And then we did a roundtable with them in the afternoon.
I think it was a very eye-opening and kind of a learning process for those guys. I think what they also understood in the end was that we are mimicking the delivery and replacing the delivery mechanisms that are already in place today. If a provider is copied on a laboratory result, we're basically just improving that method of delivery and really making it more secure in that. So I think it was beneficial there. Then we had a follow-up and help them see what other exchanges are operational across the country that they could coordinate with.
It's very important, because as ONC not only lets funding out at the state level, that coordination be able to monitor if those dollars are going out appropriately. Are they being spent appropriately? Is there security and protection for that individual consumer? I think these are important integrations to that.
Many people wouldn't think of Cerner in the practice EMR area. What's been your experience with that product?
In my experience from my WebMD days and when I was a senior VP of product management and had a lot of work in developing an EHR, you start to see the tremendous capabilities that the tools that they've built have. They are committed clearly to making sure that the enterprise, whether it's an institution, clinic, laboratory, etc., are able to be co-joined, commingled, and integrated into that process.
They're working their tails off to change perception and image. I can only tell you that it's pretty operational for me, with my sleeves rolled up, that the product itself has an incredible set of capabilities. If anything, you want to try to gear those back. That's probably easier to do in the long run than to try to catch up and add an incredible set of features.
Unfortunately we want to make healthcare simple, but it's a pretty complex enterprise, especially around health information.
Having said that, like anything, there are lumps along the way. We busted our tails to make sure that e-prescribing and all those things are up. There's a lot of parts that are moving, whether it is Surescripts RxHub or whether it's having a clinical summary available in an HTML or XML format.
In fact, we had a strategy call yesterday with two other executives. We do it regularly, and it went almost two hours. They can tell you they're listening. I can tell you we've had a pretty significant summer in terms of adding providers to their core business as well.
First of all, there's been these naysayers out there saying, "Should we work to build these kinds of businesses and services?" I guess I would say you have to have value, and if you deliver value, I think people come and are willing to pay for those services.
Certainly health exchange has an element of a political aspect to it, but I don't mean on the national level. I mean certainly against the competitive entities and those kinds of things. But once people get beyond the notion "don't compete on health information; compete on everything else" you can start to make the exchange sustainable — you can make that case for doing that.
But I think in all things there has to be that perceived value. One thing I do know is when you settle all the noise around it, there has to be an entity that is a facilitator of those common services, whether it's building a referral management network, whether it's moving or integrating data. At least it's demonstrable in places where you don't have that. It doesn't get off the ground, or it doesn't sustain, because there's nothing to sustain itself with.
I'm certainly not naïve to say, "Are there risks in any business?" Certainly there are, but the big key, I would say, is that you've got to be willing to adapt. When I came in 36 months ago, the only real interfaces that we were going on were basically from suppliers and I just said, "Listen, in twelve months, we're going to be able to deliver any piece of data we have to an EHR and have it happen in there." Well over 65% of our total market has data integrated into their electronic health record, and we feel that by the end of next year, 15 months from now, we can be over 80%.
What effects are you expecting from HITECH?
It's been almost a tsunami so far, in that it certainly has caused all of healthcare IT to have to think differently. I don't mean just on the funding level potentials, but to say, "How are we going to work together in and out of markets? How are we going to work together at the state levels? What can the role of a health exchange be whether it's a working component of the extension centers or whether it's how we pass data from exchange to exchange?" We're in the throes right now of connecting two different exchanges just in our particular state where we can move relevant data.
I think in the end, what it's doing for us, or will do for us is, if anything, accelerate the level of activity that's there. By that, I mean the services that we can deliver. It's certainly bringing awareness to those things.
I think in the long run, what I hope doesn't occur are some of the unnatural effects. As an example, in e-prescribing, it's great to adopt it, but if it's adopted in a silo, I don't know that there's a clinical benefit, that the clinical benefits are harder to get to. There is a clinical benefit long term, but I don't know that the patient realizes that other than maybe a medication error. You have to kind of look at it holistically and say, "But if I can do that in a more organized, methodical way inside the complement of my full EHR, I'll have a better perspective on the patient." I use that as an example.
Overall, it's great. It's exciting. It's causing the coffee to be made late at night and early mornings, but that's why you play the game.
Why is Indiana so strong, do you think, in interoperability and informatics?
I think there are a few things. First of all, there's a history of innovation across the state in terms of health IT. In the market that we serve, Northern Indiana and up in through Michigan, we had early adoptions early on — early adoption both by hospitals and by physician practices of automation.
In this particular market, there have been some pretty innovative companies that have gone on and created applications, and they've moved down the road. When you look to the central and southern parts of the state, both with our public universities as well as Notre Dame to the north, there's a commitment to life sciences; there's a commitment to health information technology. We have institutes across the state that have created products.
I think one of the things that happened is that all of a sudden, we pop up, and then a group in Indianapolis pops up. You look in Cincinnati and you can almost see a corridor developing from, I would say, the middle of Michigan all the way through Tennessee that is sort of powerfully evolving health integration, health exchange.
I think those are some of the core properties as to why there's success.
We found a great working relationship in the people that are across the state that are very committed to an approach that not only takes us through Indiana, but through all the neighboring states here in the Midwest.
Look at the seeds of where we are. We're ten years old. We have services in a variety of areas that help our sustainability. We've had significant financial commitments in growing this exchange. All those things are all reflective of the commitment that our particular market has to the products and services that we're about.
It's interesting — this particular exchange started from the seeds of a workgroup that I participated in in 1994. There's a long history of people concerned with where healthcare is going and moving, and asking, "How do we become parts of the process?" There's been a long-term commitment to health information technology. There's been a commitment for me in a market that I've been basically been around my whole life. So, there's kind of a personal passion as well.
I guess the last thing that I would say is that I can't say enough about the commitment of our people. They not only feel that they're into something that's very important, but there's a personal mission that they have. Many of these people could be in other places, frankly even making more money, but their level of commitment is incredible. And their creativity is pretty incredible as well. So, I would compliment that in our team. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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"DivorceCare: Surviving the Holidays" is a helpful, encouraging seminar for people facing the holidays after a separation or divorce. The seminar will be held on Tuesday November 13, 2018 from 6:30-8:30pm at Grace Fellowship Church. Childcare for those elementary school and younger is provided by reservation. Registration is $5 and includes materials and a light snack.
The "Surviving the Holidays" seminar features practical suggestions, guidance and reassurance though video interviews with counselors, experts in divorce-related care and people who have experienced the holidays after separation or divorce. Topics to be discussed include "Why the Holidays Are Tough," "What Emotions to Expect," "How to Plan and Prepare," "How to Handle Uncomfortable Situations" and "Using the Holidays to Help You Heal."
Those who attend will receive a book with over 30 daily readings providing additional insights and ideas on holiday survival.
Call Grace Fellowship at 706-769-4001 or Wendy at 706-540-7259 for details. | {
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Passage of Vermont's legalization bill, H. 511, was a huge step forward for the state — and the nation. Now that Gov. Scott has signed this bill allowing personal possession and cultivation, effective on July 1, it's time for the legislature to begin moving forward with plans to regulate and tax marijuana production and sale for adults 21 and older.
Some legislators who voted no on H. 511 have already said that they support regulating and taxing marijuana. Others are reconsidering their positions now that it's clear that marijuana will soon become legal. A bill on this issue, H. 490, is still active in the House after being carried over from last year.
Please email your representatives to follow up on their votes on H. 511. We've made the process quick and easy: Simply click on the link and type in your email and address. Then, pre-written letters will load based on how your lawmakers voted. For "yes" votes, "thank you" letters will appear. Regardless of how they voted, the letters will ask them to support regulating and taxing marijuana. Feel free to edit the letter to your liking, or craft an entirely new (respectful) message if you prefer.
After you follow up with your elected officials, please share this message with your family and friends!
What Makes NCIA's Seed To Sale Show Unique? | {
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<?php
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public function getName()
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return $this->name;
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SMEs Are Our Future, So The FinLab Expands Its Accelerator Programme To Help Them Grow
Victoria Sek
Many entrepreneurs and business people say Singapore is one of the best places in the world to do business.
There is no lack of government grants and subsidies, or mentorships and workshops for first-time entrepreneurs who are striking it out on their own or with their partners.
But small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore are getting left out and are getting disrupted by the new kids on the block with their technology-driven solutions and modern business models.
So, this is where The FinLab comes in.
They have announced yesterday (12 February) the launch of the third cycle of its accelerator programme that aims to help SMEs with digital transformation by linking them up with "curated technology solution providers".
Providing An Access To Tools And Resources For SMEs
The FinLab is a joint venture between United Overseas Bank Limited (UOB) and SGInnovate, a government-backed venture catalyst.
Since its inception in 2015, it has conducted two cycles of accelerator programmes that focused on supporting selected FinTech startups to grow the FinTech ecosystem in Singapore.
This time, they decided to focus on SMEs in Singapore because they noticed that they have been slow in keeping up with the times and transforming their businesses digitally.
They found two key barriers for the slow uptake: the lack of interoperability between solutions installed, and the lack of support from the vendors they got these solutions from.
Managing Director of The FinLab, Mr Felix Tan / Image Credit: The FinLab
Managing Director of The FinLab, Mr Felix Tan, said, "As these start-ups become more advanced in their business models, there is a need to help them commercialise by connecting them with potential customers who require technology solutions."
"We've also seen that SMEs want to innovate but may not know where and how to start," he added.
Image Credit: SPRING Singapore
According to The FinLab, SMEs make up 99 per cent of all local enterprises, employ two-thirds of the national workforce, and contribute to nearly half of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
"Stronger SMEs will make our economy more resilient to cyclical downturns," Mr Tan stated.
Forming the demand side of things, this cycle for SMEs aims to grow revenues and increase productivity through business model innovation, the use of data analytics, and the adoption of an integrated suite of curated solutions.
At the same time, on the supply side of things, selected solution providers can benefit from the increased adoption of their solutions, co-creating with the selected SMEs to widen their product offerings, and the potential to reach regional SME markets.
Selected SMEs are not limited to tools and resources from curated tech solution providers as The FinLab will support with the implementation of the solutions.
Should these SMEs require more assistance after the accelerator programme, "The FinLab is open to extending their support further," Mr Tan told me.
If participants have expansion aspirations, this programme enables them to take advantage of UOB's regional presence and SGInnovate's global linkages to achieve that.
The Path To Digitalisation
Eight SMEs from specifically the F&B, retail, wholesale trade, and logistics industries will be chosen to participate in this four-months long programme which will begin by end-March.
To qualify, these SMEs should have a turnover of S$10 million to S$25 million, but more importantly, their owners and management team should have a few important qualities.
Mr Tan explained that leaders have to be open-minded to feedback and solutions, be willing to change, and are able to provide resources who can commit to the programme in order to see optimal results.
Tech firms will pitch the solutions to these selected SMEs in the first month.
The FinLab's guidelines on selecting these solution providers include their interoperability, affordability, the number of SME clients they've worked with before, and the functionality and practicality of their solutions to these non-tech savvy business owners.
The remaining three months will be spent on implementing the solutions and preparing for the showcase which is expected to happen in August 2018.
The FinLab hope their participants will achieve the ability to start using the tools with minimal external help, see real productivity gains as processes are refined, and see real revenue growth through client understanding and better marketing and sales strategies.
"I strongly believe that once these challenges are overcome…SME owners will become the next generation of 'SME Champions' as their businesses capitalise on a digital economy that is set to grow by USD$1 trillion in GDP by 2025 here in ASEAN alone," Mr Tan said.
Visit The FinLab's website here to find out more. If you would like to participate in Cycle 3, visit their website here.
Featured Image Credit: UOB Group
Pay With WhatsApp – Digital Payments On The Messenging App Is Now Being Tested
Tags: acceleratorsginnovatethe finlabuob | {
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KAZOO is an open-source, highly scalable software platform designed to provide carrier-grade VoIP switch functions and features. Developers, system administrators, and telecom engineers can build flexible, reliable telecom services using the extensive KAZOO APIs. Hundreds of companies around the world are utilizing KAZOO to power their VoIP infrastructure.
Help us with user/admin documentation!
These are the basic install instructions to get you started, once you understand this procedure you can start deploying large Kazoo clusters!
The core of an open-source, distributed, highly scalable platform designed to provide robust telecom services.
We have a thriving community of open-source contributors. Take a look at some of the contributions they have made for managing KAZOO, and share your own!
A tool to import / export Couch DB documents and databases.
The following are projects that KAZOO relies on and that we have committed code to.
Come join us! There are multiple ways you can participate in our project—from using it, to developing it, to documenting it.
Talk to us in real-time! We're on#2600hz on FreeNode(24/7) at irc.freenode.net. You can also view our IRC log archives.
Send us bugs, patches, or suggestions using our bug tracker at tickets.2600hz.com.
Looking for paid services and products? Visit 2600hz.com for our business products and services.
Looking for Blue.Box? That project has been discontinued, but you can find all the relevant info for that project and others in our Archive. | {
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The NRLCA has been notified that 3 additional products have been added to those eligible for Carrier Pick-Up. They are: First-Class Package Service, Parcel Select, and First Class Package Return Service.
For purposes of the Mail Count, these additional categories of mail, when collected in conjunction with a Carrier Pick-Up Request, or a management directive to go to the customer's door for pick up, will be credited in Column 22-Carrier Pick-Up Items.
The Column 21 and 22 Flow Chart in the Mail Count Section has been updated to reflect these changes.
If you have any questions, please contact your assigned District Representative.
There was a count conference here on Sunday I believe a lot of this is what was spoken of… Pm gave a talk today… We're gonna bump heads a few places… Uhhh I hate this… Can't wait till it's over!!!
When is mail count again???
I can't get the article to pull up.
How can this be the last mail count when carriers haven't even been trained on the new scanners but yet word out is that info is just about gathered to do away with and set new standards. ???????
They can do whatever they want and have for years. The union is useless. I'm so glad I'm out of it. It's getting worse by the day. This so called STUDY is s joke.
The NRLCA is the most gutless,spineless union ever. I was put on Emergency Placement. And they told me"Call us when you're fired". Wow Thanks, I had to call some"Friends in High Places" to save my job. They were bewildered when I told them I saved my job. I honestly believe they wanted me fired to create some work for somebody higher up in the union. | {
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Snow Emergency Ordinance 15:2 in effect. Basic snow removal requirements per Ord 520-13. Limit unnecessary travel.
Burlington Twp. Ordinance 15:2 "Snow Emergency," is in effect. In order that the municipality may have the opportunity to clear the roadways, all vehicles shall be removed from the roadway.
Since trash collection is canceled for today, be sure to remove your cans from the roadway.
Burlington Twp Ordinance 520-13 indicates that within 24 hours measured from the end of a snow or ice storm, the owner or owners, occupant or occupants, tenant or tenants of premises abutting or boarding upon any street in the Township shall remove all snow and ice from the abutting sidewalks of such streets and from any fire hydrant located on the property.
Please limit any unnecessary travel, especially during the height of the storm, and if out, be mindful of obstacles such as fallen trees and/or down lines. Stay clear of any down lines out of caution that it may be a power line. | {
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Military Defense Attorney Raymond J. Toney
MILITARY PERSONNEL LAW BLOG
The Air Force Fails To Shut-Down "Reverse Discrimination" Claims Arising From Unconstitutional Promotion Board Instructions
In Gilbert v. James, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 126174 (September 22, 2015), the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia denied a motion by the defendant, the U.S. Air Force (USAF), to dismiss claims brought by 11 plaintiffs asserting that the Air Force Board for the Correction of Military Records (AFBCMR) unlawfully rejected the plaintiffs' petitions as untimely under 10 U.S.C. Section 1552(b). While the outcome of the decision should be commended, the parties' arguments and the decision in Gilbert are quite odd, as detailed below. Before addressing those oddities, a brief review of the facts is in order.
The plaintiffs had served as commissioned officers on active duty in the USAF. Each was considered for promotion between January 1990 and June 1998, during which period the USAF instructed promotion boards to consider the race and gender of promotion candidates, preferentially selecting female and minority candidates for promotion. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, in Berkley v. United States, 287 F.3d 1076, 1087 (Fed Cir. 2002), found similar USAF instructions to a "reduction in force" board to require strict scrutiny because they were gender and racial classifications.
Subsequent to Berkley, the AFBCMR acknowledged the unconstitutionality of the preferential promotion board instructions and in numerous cases granted appropriate relief to applicants, which typically involved promotion reconsideration by a special selection board pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Section 628. That is the relief each Gilbert plaintiff sought before the AFBCMR.
The AFBCMR denied the Gilbert plaintiffs' applications as untimely because they purportedly were filed outside the three-year limitation period. The AFBCMR also denied the applications on the grounds that (1) there was no adequate remedy; (2) congressionally mandated case processing times permitted the board to deny claims as untimely; and (3) the plaintiff's failed to exercise due diligence and discover the error years ago.
At first glance, Gilbert presented a straightforward APA claim of whether the plaintiffs filed their applications within three-years of discovering the error, as they claimed they did. Yet that is not how the court treated the matter, nor is it how the USAF framed and argued it. The USAF's motion to dismiss argued that the plaintiffs sought "judicial review of the AFBCMR's finding that the interests of justice do no dictate waiver of the three-year limitations period barring their claims." The plaintiffs refuted that assertion, stating, "[t]his is not what Plaintiffs are seeking. They are seeking judicial review of the AFBCMR's decision not to grant the SSB."
The USAF's mischaracterization of the plaintiffs' argument, whether intentional or not, appears to have had its intended effect. The Court proceeded on the basis that the "plaintiffs do not dispute either that the three-year limitation period applies to their applications or that they failed to file their applications within the limitations period." Yet that is not correct.
The plaintiffs made very clear in their complaint that "[i]n fact every Plaintiff here filed a DD Form 149 seeking relief within three years of actually discovering the wrong." They also asserted in their "Claim for Relief" that the AFBCMR erred by "declaring that plaintiffs failed to engage in due diligence in discovering the constitutional injustice where no such proof exists and where multiple others similarly situated were not declared untimely due to a lack of due diligence." And nowhere in their responsive brief did the plaintiffs admit that their applications were untimely.
The Court soundly and correctly rejected the USAF's argument that judicial review of a waiver determination was unavailable under 10 U.S.C. Section 628, the special selection board statute. Section 628(g)(1)(A) states: "A court of the United States may review a determination by the Secretary of a military department under subsection (a)(1) or (b)(1) not to convene a special selection board in the case of any person." The USAF's argument was that section 628(g)(1)(A) did not authorize judicial review of AFBCMR refusals to waive its three-year limitations period. Rather, it authorized judicial review only of special selection board denials made on the merits.
Rejecting the USAF's position, the Court concluded, "[t]hus, by authorizing judicial review of non-decisions by the Secretary, this section plainly contemplates judicial review beyond the limited scope urged by the defendant of only Secretarial decisions "on the merits" of whether the criteria for administrative error under § 628(a)(1) or for material unfairness under § 628(b)(1) are met." The Court further noted that "the defendant has presented no authority from case law, legislative history or in express statutory text—and the Court can discern no such authority—to suggest that Congress intended a targeted exclusion from judicial review of waiver determinations when adopting § 628(g)."
The USAF thus had a clear tactical motive to mischaracterize the plaintiffs' claim—drive the matter into the realm of section 628, which offered a slim chance of shutting the claims down altogether. Otherwise, the USAF would have faced a severely uphill battle to show that the AFBCMR decision was not arbitrary and capricious. As the plaintiffs astutely pointed out, the AFBCMR had granted relief "to a claimant (BS 2011-01859) whose [application] was filed after Plaintiff White (BC 2011-01943), whose request for relief was denied on the basis that his [application] was not timely filed." The AFBCMR had simply determined that it had seen enough of the "reverse discrimination" applications, arbitrarily established a cut-off, and then advanced various specious arguments to justify its arbitrariness.
Perhaps the most poignant message of Gilbert to pro se plaintiffs and lawyers alike is: a defendant's mischaracterization of the plaintiff's claims must be singled-out and thoroughly dismantled. Otherwise, a plaintiff incurs the risk of a judicial decision based on a claim the plaintiff did not make. | {
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MoboReader> Literature >The Nether World
The Nether World
George Gissing
Author: George Gissing First Published: 2017-11-29
Although he was overlooked in the early years of his literary career, British novelist George Gissing eventually rose to acclaim, largely on the strength of his unflinching portrayal of the lives of England's less fortunate. Regarded as one of his most accomplished works, The Nether World follows the intertwined fates of three impoverished families, all tied together through central figure Sidney ...
Chapter 1 A THRALL OF THRALLS
Chapter 2 A FRIEND IN REQUEST
Chapter 3 A SUPERFLUOUS FAMILY
Chapter 4 CLARA AND JANE
Chapter 5 JANE IS VISITED
Chapter 6 GLIMPSES OF THE PAST
By the Ionian Sea: Notes of a Ramble in Southern Italy
The Emancipated
The Town Traveller
Veranilda
The Odd Women
The Count of Monte Cristo Alexandre Dumas
With an Introduction and Notes by Keith Wren, University of Kent at Canterbury The story of Edmund Dantes, self-styled Count of Monte Cristo, is told with consummate skill. The victim of a miscarriage of justice, Dantes is fired by a desire for retribution and empowered by a stroke of providence. In his campaign of vengeance, he becomes an anonymous agent of fate. The sensational narrative of intrigue, betrayal, escape, and triumphant revenge moves at a cracking pace. Dumas' novel presents a powerful conflict between good and evil embodied in an epic saga of rich diversity that is complicated by the hero's ultimate discomfort with the hubristic implication of his own actions.
Cane Jean Toomer
First edition (Publ. Boni and Liveright) Cane is a 1923 novel by noted Harlem Renaissance author Jean Toomer. The novel is structured as a series of vignettes revolving around the origins and experiences of African Americans in the United States. The vignettes alternate in structure between narrative prose, poetry, and play-like passages of dialogue. As a result, the novel has been classified as a composite novel or as a short story cycle. Though some characters and situations recur between vignettes, the vignettes are mostly freestanding, tied to the other vignettes thematically and contextually more than through specific plot details.
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. VII. (of 12)
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. VII. (of 12) Edmund Burke | {
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Fwire News
Mahindra & Mahindra to build long-range electric vehicles | Reuters
By Promit Mukherjee | MUMBAI MUMBAI Automaker Mahindra & Mahindra (MAHM.NS) will invest in building long-range electric vehicles, high-power battery packs and power trains in an effort to boost green car sales, senior company executives said on Wednesday. Mahindra plans to ramp up production of its electric vehicles to 5,000 units a month by mid-2019 from 400 units currently and will invest in making batteries that enable cars to run for 400 kilometres on a single charge, managing director Pawan Goenka said. He did not disclose the investment Mahindra would make.The announcement comes days after a government think-tank released a policy blueprint favouring electric vehicles, which could influence a new green car policy
Reuters May 24, 2017 17:18:26 IST
By Promit Mukherjee
| MUMBAI
MUMBAI Automaker Mahindra & Mahindra (MAHM.NS) will invest in building long-range electric vehicles, high-power battery packs and power trains in an effort to boost green car sales, senior company executives said on Wednesday. Mahindra plans to ramp up production of its electric vehicles to 5,000 units a month by mid-2019 from 400 units currently and will invest in making batteries that enable cars to run for 400 kilometres on a single charge, managing director Pawan Goenka said. He did not disclose the investment Mahindra would make.The announcement comes days after a government think-tank released a policy blueprint favouring electric vehicles, which could influence a new green car policy.
"We said we will be waiting for the vision for electric vehicles ... We hope we will be the pioneers in terms of the people who promoted electric vehicles use in India," Goenka told reporters, adding that the company is working with the government on framing new policies for electric vehicles.Despite being the country's sole electric passenger vehicles maker, Mahindra has struggled to boost sales due to high battery costs of around $270 per kilowatt hour, a dearth of charging stations and low buyer interest.
Mahindra entered the electric vehicle business in 2010 by acquiring Bengaluru-based Reva Electric Car Co and has sold only 2,700 vehicles since, including the e2o small car and eVerito sedan."There is a viability gap ... If we can reduce cost by 20 percent then we can ramp up faster," he said, adding that only substantial cost reduction would make electric vehicles commercially viable.
The company currently makes batteries that allow cars to run between 100 and 140 kilometres on a single charge. It is working to increase the range to 200 kilometres first and then to 400 kilometres, said Babu.The government's push for green cars will help Mahindra, said Abdul Majeed, automotive leader at PwC India. But to meet their target, the company would need to think about how to bring down battery costs and increase the range, he said. ($1 = 64.8600 Indian rupees) (Writing by Aditi Shah; Editing by Vyas Mohan)
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Credit: Julien Gomba (CC BY)
Lago Agrio: More on the New Default Judgment
I didn't set out to have so much Lago Agrio coverage this week, but there is something new to report. As I reported on April 11, long after Judge Kaplan entered his final judgment against Donziger and the two LAP representatives and long after the Second Circuit decided the appeal, Chevron asked the court to enter a default judgment against the many LAPs who had defaulted early in the RICO case. Judge Kaplan has now done just that.
In the prior post, I raised some possible procedural issues arising from the timing of the appeal relative to this new motion for a default judgment, and I also suggested that the reason for Chevron's move might be to set up an argument that all of the LAPs are collaterally estopped to relitigate the facts of the fraud issues in Canada.
I still think that's much if not all of what's going on here. The LAPs have suggested that the new default judgment, which of course includes the same kind of injunction as in the earlier judgment, is meant to shut down the enforcement efforts in Canada more directly. But if that is Chevron's plan, it seems unlikely to succeed in the short term.
The LAPs against whom a judgment have just mentioned did not, as far as I know, appear in the New York case. So they have a potential defense of lack of personal jurisdiction, and thus a potential argument that as to them, the New York judgment is void. I recall that Judge Kaplan denied a motion to dismiss on such grounds by the two LAP representatives back in 2012, but he denied it with leave to renew the motion after discovery. I am not sure whether the issue popped up again, without checking the docket in more detail. But in any event, the LAPs could raise the issue before the Canadian court, it seems to me. But even leaving that aside, I don't see that the Canadian court could or would enforce the new US judgment, with its injunctions, without first recognizing the RICO judgment. And Judge Kaplan has no practical power to enforce his injunction against the LAPs in Ecuador as far as I can tell. So I don't think that the new development is likely to have bad short-term consequences for the LAPs, as their press release seems to suggest they fear.
Tagged: Canada, Lago Agrio, personal jurisdiction
« Lago Agrio: More on the Ontario Hearing Monkey Selfie Case: The Ninth Circuit Hammers PETA » | {
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• Bungalow in easily accessible location. Warm/inviting home with front courtyard for private enjoyment. Close to major transportation and all amenities. Private treed yard has lots of perennials and is just the right size to enjoy. Lovely home with some upgrades such as nice new carpets up, bathrooms and more.
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1993–94 United States network television schedule
This was the United States television schedule on all four commercial broadcast television networks for the fall season beginning in September 1993. All times are Eastern and Pacific, with certain exceptions, such as Monday Night Football.
New series are highlighted in bold.
Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research.[1]
Yellow indicates the programs in the top 10 for the season.
Cyan indicates the programs in the top 20 for the season.
Magenta indicates the programs in the top 30 for the season.
Note: This is the first season in which Fox commenced television broadcasts on every night of the week from the beginning of the season onward.
PBS, the Public Broadcasting Service, is not included; member television stations have local flexibility over most of their schedules and broadcast times for network shows may vary. From February 12 to 27, 1994, all of CBS' primetime programming was preempted in favor of coverage of the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer.
SundayEdit
America's Funniest Home Videos The New America's Funniest People Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman The ABC Sunday Night Movie (30/12.6)
(Tied with Family Matters)
60 Minutes (1/20.9) Murder, She Wrote (11/16.0) CBS Sunday Movie (10/16.2)
Townsend Television Martin Living Single Married... with Children Daddy Dearest Local Programming
Code 3 Code 3 The George Carlin Show
I Witness Video seaQuest DSV NBC Sunday Night Movie
MondayEdit
Day One ABC's Monday Night Football (8/16.5)
The ABC Monday Night Movie
Evening Shade (27/13.2)
(Tied with Phenom and Rescue 911) Dave's World (21/13.7)
(Tied with The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air) Murphy Brown (9/16.3) Love & War (13/14.5) Northern Exposure (14/14.4)
Dave's World (21/13.7)
(Tied with The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air) 704 Hauser Hearts Afire
(Tied with The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air)
(Tied with The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air) Tom Love & War (13/14.5)
The Nanny Dave's World (21/13.7)
Fox Night at the Movies Local Programming
The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (21/13.7)
(Tied with Dave's World) Blossom The NBC Monday Movie (23/13.6)
TuesdayEdit
Full House (16/14.2) Phenom (27/13.2)
(Tied with Evening Shade and Rescue 911) Roseanne (4/19.1) Coach (6/17.4) NYPD Blue (18/13.9)
(Tied with Wings)
Sister, Sister She TV
Rescue 911 (27/13.2)
(Tied with Phenom and Evening Shade) CBS Tuesday Movie (25/13.3)
(Tied with Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman)
Roc Bakersfield P.D. America's Most Wanted Local Programming
Monty Roc
Saved by the Bell: The College Years Getting By The John Larroquette Show The Second Half Dateline NBC
The Good Life Café Americain
The Second Half Various programming
WednesdayEdit
Thea Joe's Life Home Improvement (2/20.4) Grace Under Fire (5/17.7) Moon Over Miami
George Birdland
Home Improvement repeats Thunder Alley (12/15.9) Turning Point (20/13.8)
Midseason
Dinosaurs The Critic Grace Under Fire
Hearts Afire The Nanny South of Sunset 48 Hours
The Nanny Hearts Afire In the Heat of the Night
Good Advice America Tonight
Muddling Through
Beverly Hills, 90210 Melrose Place Local Programming
Unsolved Mysteries Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric Law & Order
Note: After airing only a single episode of South of Sunset on October 27, CBS cancelled the show and broadcast no further episodes.
ThursdayEdit
Missing Persons Matlock Primetime Live (17/14.0)
In the Heat of the Night Eye to Eye with Connie Chung Angel Falls
How'd They Do That?
Christy Traps
One West Waikiki Hotel Malibu
The Simpsons The Sinbad Show In Living Color Herman's Head Local Programming
Mad About You Wings (18/13.9)
(Tied with NYPD Blue) Seinfeld (3/19.4) Frasier (7/16.8) L.A. Law
Homicide: Life on the Street (24/13.5)
FridayEdit
Family Matters (30/12.6)
(Tied with The ABC Sunday Night Movie) Boy Meets World Step by Step Hangin' with Mr. Cooper 20/20 (15/14.3)
Hangin' with Mr. Cooper
It Had to Be You Family Album Bob Specials Picket Fences
Diagnosis: Murder Family Album
Burke's Law
The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. The X-Files Local Programming
Encounters: The Hidden Truth
Against the Grain NBC Friday Night Mystery
Note: On CBS, Good Advice was to have returned on this night at 9 p.m., followed by Bob at 9:30 p.m. Late changes resulted in Bob beginning at 9 p.m., Family Album moving to 9:30 p.m. in mid-October, It Had to Be You being canceled at the same time, and Good Advice not returning till the following May. Additionally, Diagnosis: Murder premiered in late October to fill the 8–9 p.m. hour.
SaturdayEdit
George Where I Live The Paula Poundstone Show The Commish
The ABC Saturday Night Movie
Baseball Night in America (July-August)
Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman (25/13.3)
(Tied with The CBS Tuesday Movie) Harts of the West Walker, Texas Ranger
The Road Home
Harts of the West
Muddling Through Hearts Afire
COPS COPS Front Page Local Programming
The Mommies Café Americain Empty Nest Nurses Sisters
Getting By
Blossom The Mommies Winnetka Road
The Mommies Getting By
Note: NBC was scheduled to show its portion of Baseball Night in America in August and September 1994, but those games were cancelled by the Major League Baseball players' strike.
By networkEdit
ABCEdit
Returning series
The Commish
FBI: The Untold Stories
Primetime Live
Baseball Night in America
Grace Under Fire
Joe's Life
Moon Over Miami
The Paula Poundstone Show
She TV
Canceled/Ended
American Detective
Camp Wilder
Covington Cross
Doogie Howser, M.D.
Getting By (moved to NBC)
Going to Extremes
The Jackie Thomas Show
Laurie Hill
Room for Two
The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles
CBSEdit
Hearts Afire
Love & War
Murphy Brown
Picket Fences
704 Hauser
America Tonight
Diagnosis: Murder
Eye to Eye with Connie Chung
Hotel Malibu
One West Waikiki
South of Sunset
Angel Street
Bodies of Evidence
Frannie's Turn
The Golden Palace
The Hat Squad
Johnny Bago
Knots Landing
Major Dad
Space Rangers
Street Stories with Ed Bradley
Top Cops
FoxEdit
Herman's Head
Married... with Children
The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.
Bakersfield P.D.
Daddy Dearest
The George Carlin Show
The Sinbad Show
Townsend Television
Batman: The Animated Series (returned to daytime)
The Ben Stiller Show
Danger Theatre
Flying Blind
Likely Suspects
Parker Lewis Can't Lose
Shaky Ground
Sightings (moved to syndication)
Woops!
NBCEdit
The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
Getting By (moved from ABC)
Homicide: Life on the Street
I Witness Video
Café Americain
The John Larroquette Show
The Mommies
Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric
Saved by the Bell: The College Years
seaQuest DSV
The Second Half
Winnetka Road
Final Appeal
Out All Night
Reasonable Doubts
Super Bloopers and New Practical Jokes
^ Highest-rated series is based on the annual top-rated programs list compiled by Nielsen Media Research and reported in: Brooks, Tim & Marsh, Earle (2007). The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network TV Shows (9th ed.). New York: Ballantine. ISBN 978-0-345-49773-4.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1993–94_United_States_network_television_schedule&oldid=902118402" | {
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Mrs. Fonss viewed this lifeless monotony with a resigned smile, but it made Elinor visibly nervous; not actively nervous as in the case of annoyance, but mournful and weary, as one often becomes after many days of rain, when all one's gloomy thoughts seem to pour down upon one with the rain; or as at the idiotically consoling tick-tack of a clock, when one sits and grows incurably tired of one's self; or at watching the flowers of the wall-paper, when the same chain of worn-out dreams clanks about against one's will in the brain and the links are joined and come apart and in a stifling endlessness are united again. It actually had a physical effect upon her, this landscape, almost causing her to faint. To-day everything seemed to have conspired with the memories of a hope which was dead and of sweet and lively dreams which had become disagreeable and nauseous; dreams which caused her to redden when she thought of them and which yet she could not forget. And what had all that to do with the region here? The blow had fallen upon her far from here amid the surroundings of her home, by the edge of a sound with changing waters, under pale green beech-trees. Yet it hovered on the lips of every pale brown hill, and every green-shuttered house stood there and held silence concerning it.
"That surely is Tage coming," said Mrs. Fonss to her daughter when she heard laughter and some Danish exclamations on the other side of the thick hedge of hornbeam.
"Hello!" cried Tage, striking his light trousers with the flat of his hand, "look!"
Out in the brown landscape appeared a cloud of dust, over it a mantle of dust, and between the two they caught sight of a horse. "That's the Englishman, I told you about, who came the other day," said Tage, turning toward his mother.
"Did you ever see any one ride like that?" he asked, turning toward Kastager, "he reminds me of a gaucho."
"Pardon me?" he began interrogatively, and bowed.
"I am a stranger," Mrs. Fonss replied, "nobody seems to be at home, but my son has just run upstairs to see whether...."
At this moment Tage arrived. "I have been everywhere," he said, "even in the living quarters, but didn't find as much as a cat."
"I hear," said the Englishman, this time in Danish, "that I have the pleasure of being with fellow-countrymen."
He bowed again and retreated a couple of steps, as if to indicate that he had merely said this to let them know that he understood what they were saying. Suddenly he stepped closer than before with an intent, eager expression on his face, and said to Mrs. Fonss, "is it possible that you and I are old acquaintances?"
"Are you Emil Thorbrogger?" exclaimed Mrs. Fonss, and held out her hand.
He seized it. "Yes, I am he," he said gayly, "and you are she?"
Tage had never in his life heard mention of Thorbrogger, but that was not his thoughts; he thought only of the fact that this gaucho turned out to be a Dane; when a pause set in, and some one had to say something he could not help exclaiming, "and I who said yesterday that you reminded me of a gaucho!"
"Well," replied Thorbrogger, "that wasn't far from the truth; for twenty-one years I have lived in the plains of La Plata, and in those years certainly spent more time on horse-back than on foot."
He looked as if he were just about to speak, and there was a nervous, decided expression round his mouth, which told her so definitely what his words would be that she reddened.
"I have thought a great deal about you since we met again; I have always thought a great deal about you, both long ago in Denmark and over where I was. And I have always loved you, and if it sometimes seems to me that it is only now that I really love you since we have met again, it is not true, however great my love may be, for I have always loved you, I have always loved you. And if it should happen now that you would become mine—you cannot imagine what that would mean to me, if you, who were taken from me for so many years, were to come back."
"Oh, do say a word! I am standing here talking blindly. I speak to you as to an interpreter, a stranger, who has to repeat what I am saying to the heart I am speaking to.. I don't know... to stand here and weigh my words... I don't know, how far or how near. I dare not put into words the adoration which fills me—or dare I?"
"Oh, if I might, if I didn't have to be afraid—is it true! Oh, God bless you, Paula."
"There is nothing now that need keep us apart any longer," said she, with her hand in his, "whatever may happen I have the right to be happy once, to live fully in accordance with my being, my desire, and my dreams. I have never renounced. Even though happiness was not my share, I have never believed that life was nothing but grayness and duty. I knew that there are people who are happy."
"I know," she said sadly, "that those who will judge me least harshly will not envy me the happiness which I shall have in having your love, but they will also say that I should be satisfied."
"But that would not be enough for me, and you have not the right to send me away."
He sought for an opening to unburden his heart and sat and talked absent-mindedly of the theater. Not until his mother went over to him and put her hand on his forehead, forcing him to look at her, was he able to tell her that he had wooed Ida Kastager and gained her "yes."
They talked about it for a long time, but throughout Mrs. Fonss felt a coldness in whatever she said, which she could not overcome. She was afraid of being too sympathetic with Tage on account of her own emotion. Besides, in the uncertain state of her mind she was distrustful of the idea that there might be even the faintest shadow of an association between her kindness of to-night and what she was to tell to-morrow..
"I am going to marry again," she said, and told them of how she had loved Thorbrogger, before she had known their father; how she had become separated from him, and how they had now met again.
"Oh, but mother, dearest mother, what have we done to you, have we not always loved you, have we not always, both when we were with you and when we were away from from you, wanted you as the best thing we possessed in the world? We have never known father except through you; it was you who taught us to love him, and if Elinor and I are so close to each other, is it not because day after day you always pointed out to each of us what was best in the other? And has it not been thus with every other person to whom we became attached, do we not owe everything to you? We owe everything to you, and we worship you, mother, if you only knew.... Oh, you cannot imagine, how much we want your love, want you beyond all bounds and limits, but there again you have taught us to restrain our love, and we never dare to come as close to your heart as we should like. And now you say that you are going to leave us entirely, and put us to one side. But that is impossible. Only one who wanted to do us the greatest harm in the world could do anything as frightful as that, and you don't want to do us the greatest harm, you want only what is best for us—how can it then be possible? Say quickly that it is not true; say it is not true, Tage, it is not true, Elinor."
"Tage, Tage, don't be so distressed, and don't make it so hard, both for yourself and us others."
"Hard," he said, "hard, hard, oh were it nothing but that, but it is horrible—unnatural; it is enough to drive one insane, merely to think of it. Have you any idea of the things you make me think of? My mother loved by a strange man, my mother desired, held in the arms of another and holding him in hers. Nice thoughts for a son, worse than the worst insult—but it is impossible, must be impossible, must be! Are the prayers of a son to be as powerless as that! Elinor, don't sit there and cry, come and help me beg mother to have pity on us."
Mrs. Fonss made a restraining gesture with her hand and said: "Let Elinor alone, she is probably tired enough, and besides I have told you that nothing can be changed."
"I wish I were dead," said Elinor, "but, mother, everything that Tage has said is true, and it never can be right that at our age you should give us a step-father."
"Step-father," cried Tage, "I hope that he does not for one moment dare.... You are mad. Where he enters, we go out. There isn't any power on earth that can force me into the slightest intimacy with that person. Mother must choose—he or we! If they go to Denmark after their marriage, then we are exiles; if they stay here, we leave."
"And those are your intentions, Tage?" asked Mrs. Fonss.
"I don't think you need doubt that; imagine the life. Ida and I are sitting out there on the terrace on a moonlit evening, and behind the laurel-bushes some one is whispering. Ida asks who is whispering, and I reply that it is my mother and her new husband.—No, no, I shouldn't have said that; but you see the effect of it already, the pain it causes me, and you may be sure that it won't help Elinor's health either."
She began to understand that there might be a satisfaction in being quite old; not that she wished it, but yet old age smiled faintly at her like a far-distant peace, coming after all the agitation of recent times, and now when the prospect of so much discord was so near. For she did not believe that her children would ever change their mind, and yet she had to discuss it with them over and over again before she gave up hope. The best thing would be for Thorbrogger to leave immediately. With his presence no longer here the children might be less irritable, and she could try to show them how eager she was to be as considerate as possible to them. In time the first bitterness would disappear, and everything... no, she did not believe, that everything would turn out well.
Tage was the most sensitive of them, but also the one who was hurt most deeply, because he had loved most. He had wept through long nights because of his mother whom he could not retain in the way in which he wanted. There were times when the memory of her love almost deafened all other feelings in his heart. One day he even went to her and beseeched and implored her that she might belong to them, to them alone, and not to any other one, and the answer had been a "no." And this "no" had made him hard and cold. At first he had been afraid of this coldness, because it was accompanied by a frightful emptiness.
"Dear children," she wrote, "I know that you will read this letter, for it will not reach you until after my death. Do not be afraid, there are no reproaches in these lines; would that I might make them bear enough love.
"When people love, Tage and Elinor, little Elinor, the one who loves most must always humble himself, and therefore I come to you once more, as in my thoughts I shall come to you every hour as long as I am able. One who is about to die, dear children, is very poor; I am very poor, for all this beautiful world, which for so many years has been my abundant and kindly home, is to be taken from me. My chair will stand here empty, the door will close behind me, and never again will I set my foot here. Therefore I look at everything with the prayer in my eye that it shall hold me in kind memory. Therefore I come to you and beg that you will love me with all the love which once you had for me; for remember that not to be forgotten is the only part in the living world which from now on is to be mine; just to be remembered, nothing more.
"Farewell, I say it here, but it is not the farewell which will be the last to you; it I will say as late as I dare, and all my love will be in it, and all the longings for so many, many years, and the memories of the time when you were small, and a thousand wishes and a thousand thanks. Farewell Tage, farewell Elinor, farewell until the last farewell. | {
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The lube system supplying cooled and filtered lube oil to the roller bearings on the paper machine dry end was consuming a substantial amount of filter elements. This large paper producer was searching for a solution to reduce bottom line profitability by reducing element consumption and ISO fluid cleanliness codes.
Hy-Pro was challenged to improve average element life of ~41 days and ISO code 20/15/9.
Hy-Pro lube specific element design HP8314L39-6LB was applied yielding a drop in ISO code from 20/15/9 to 19/11/6 which represents a 93.7% drop in particles 6u[c] and larger. Since the upgrade average element life has been extended from ~41 days to ~61 days. | {
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Federal inspection reports for four Atrium homes show numerous health concerns and fines over the years.
Problems with maintenance, personal hygiene and medication persisted for years before employees and residents were abruptly kicked out of Atrium senior living homes last week.
Federal inspection reports document issues such as black mold, splinters sticking out of wooden doors, a lack of food and improper medicine delivery to residents. The deficiencies had the potential to cause harm, with both widespread and isolated incidents, according to the reports.
The inspections involve four Atrium Health and Senior Living homes in Wisconsin in the months before the current management decided to close them abruptly, leaving staff members and residents in the dark.
The Wisconsin Department of Health Services and the state attorney general's office had already warned the homes' operator that an abrupt closure created a public safety risk and would violate state law, according to court documents obtained by USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin.
The shutdowns started Jan. 23, about four months after Atrium Health and Senior Living entered receivership — a sign the company was avoiding bankruptcy and unable to pay its debts. A judge put Milwaukee attorney Michael Polsky in charge of operations, serving as the receiver.
Federal reports for Atrium homes in Weston, Appleton, Neenah and Chilton show fines and deficiencies from the last three inspection cycles. The reports from the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were obtained by the online news site ProPublica and shared in a public database.
At Atrium Post Acute Care Of Weston, 6001 Alderson St., documents showed that in August, just before Atrium went into receivership, a failure to pay vendors resulted in a loss of food and therapy services for residents. One time, a food delivery didn't show up because of a lack of payment. Without funds from the company, employees began to supplement the food supply with their own money, according to the documents.
Multiple doors were found to have "jagged and splintered outer edges," creating sharp wood splinters. Some showers were found to have "copious amounts of brown and black matter the length of the corner," and black mold, with protective edging coming off. Documents describe peeling paint, windows and ceiling vents "caked with dust," door handles repaired with tape, cobwebs in bedrooms, nails sticking out of hand rails and layers of wall peeled off.
Documents also allege that on occasion, anti-anxiety medications were given to a few residents without clear descriptions of what symptoms those people displayed. In at least one instance, medication was given without following proper procedure, increasing the risk of a separate infection developing.
The Atrium Post Acute Care Of Appleton, 601 N. Briarcliff Drive, was fined around $75,700 in February 2017. Appleton also had some of the more serious deficiency ratings, labeled as "immediate jeopardy" to residents' health and safety. The same report detailed a failure to update physicians when medical status changed — such as one resident's breathing rate — and incomplete or outdated medical records.
A report from May 2018 showed issues such as broken bathroom faucets and bedroom thermostats in multiple rooms throughout the home. Sometimes, staff members would use pliers and screwdrivers to adjust thermostats.
At least twice, nurses did not follow proper infection control practices when caring for residents' wounds, according to the May inspection report. In at least six instances, employees failed to ensure urinary tract infections would be prevented — some residents weren't cleansed properly and told inspectors that staff were not always around to change them because "staffing is a big problem at this facility." In another instance, care plans could not be followed exactly because of a shortage in staff.
A report from August 2018 — just a few weeks before Atrium entered into receivership — showed that the Appleton home also had issues paying vendors. Orders and contracts were cancelled for medical items, food, facility maintenance and more.
One staffing agency told an inspector that there was a noon deadline that day for Atrium to pay an overdue bill of $1,200, which included all the corporate facilities in Wisconsin that the agency provided staffing to. Otherwise, the agency said it would pull staff from the homes.
"Checks from the corporation have bounced so many times that my bank will no longer try to cash them," the owner of Elite Staffing said, according to the report. "So I told the corporation that I will only accept a wire transfer for the total amount due," with a contract for wire payments moving forward.
Nearby at Atrium Post Acute Care Of Neenah, 125 Byrd Ave., the federal agency levied a nearly $2,000 fine in March 2017.At that time, nurses didn't follow the proper procedure for safely relocating a resident who needed assistance moving around, putting the resident at a greater risk to fall.
According to a February 2018 report, one resident "went from smiling to saying, 'What the hell do you want?'" when a nurse swiftly moved the sleeping resident's wheel chair to the dining room without waking the resident first.
In a late August 2018 report, again just before Atrium entered receivership, the company failed to make payments to vendors. Food deliveries had been missed and one administrator would buy food for residents with personal money. Sometimes the expected menu would change as a result.
During the August inspection, "the only fresh fruit noted in the facility were bananas," and there wasn't a dietary manager for around two months.
Atrium Post Acute Care of Chilton, 810 Memorial Drive, was fined just over $3,000 in March 2017.
The same report found issues with food preparation and distribution. Expired food was discovered in the refrigerators and freezer, clean silverware was stored in soiled drawers and multiple drawer handles were covered in a build-up of food residue and dust.
In late August 2018, the Chilton home was also found to have payment issues with vendors that caused cancellations in medical items and food. Around the same time, the home experienced issues in staffing — paychecks had bounced, and one staff member said a self-funded health account card was declined during a medical appointment. At least one laundry employee quit.
On Aug. 20, the home had only about four days of food left on hand for residents, according to interviews with staff from the inspection report.
The four homes' operators have not responded to USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin to comment.
Online Medicare profiles give the Weston location five out of five stars for overall quality, the Appleton home two stars, Neenah two stars and Chilton four stars. | {
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Columbia County 911 dispatched Lebanon Valley Firefighters and Chatham Rescue at 12:29pm for a one car AAPI on Route 20 west of the Lebanon Valley Speedway in the Town of New Lebanon. Tsatsawassa was requested by Lebanon Valley Car 1 and responded to the scene with an engine.
The vehicle was westbound on Route 20 when is went off the right side of the roadway and then crossed the roadway and struck an earth embankment.
The Columbia County Sheriff's Department investigated. The New York State Police assisted.
Chatham Rescue transported one to Albany Medical Center.
Firefighters were back in service at 1:22pm. | {
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Given its geographical location, until the mid-20th century, Irurtzun was a crossroads, and as a result, it was the commercial hub for the Arakil Valley - located in the Sakana Region - and for small surrounding villages. Irurtzun regularly held fairs and markets, which provided the livelihood for most families in the area.
This fair is held with the aim of restoring the town's livestock and commercial nature. The plaza is the chosen setting, where horses, cows, sheep, pigs and chickens take the leading role, alongside seasonal products and other traditional foods that can be bought from the market directly from the producers. Music, workshops, crafts, mythological characters and activities for children are just some of the elements that make this an unmissable event. | {
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This major retrospective exhibition Invitation to the Ballet, Ninette de Valois and the Story of The Royal Ballet, by the Royal Opera House in collaboration with The Lowry in Salford, tells the story of The Royal Ballet from its foundations in the late 1920s and early 1930s until the present day. It begins with the struggles of De Valois herself as a young dancer trying to find training in England where there was no national English ballet school or company unlike Russia, France, Italy and Denmark where ballet had been an established art form for many years. The exhibition follows De Valois and her collaborators step by step as she founds a school, works with Lilian Baylis, attaches the school to the Old Vic and Sadler's Wells Theatres, establishes a company, recruits collaborators, develops dancers and choreographers and builds a repertory. Treasures on display from Royal Opera House Collections include costumes, designs, photographs, letters, music and ballet scores, film and sound. De Valois' own words, as well as some of her writings read by Jeanetta Laurence, Associate Director of The Royal Ballet, provide the soundtrack for four segments of specially commissioned archive film exploring aspects of De Valois' journey and legacy over nearly 100 years of ballet in England.
Please contact The Lowry for details of exhibition opening times. | {
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Hercegovačka Goleša (en serbe cyrillique : ) est un village de Serbie situé dans la municipalité de Priboj, district de Zlatibor. Au recensement de 2011, il comptait 289 habitants.
Démographie
Notes et références
Voir aussi
Articles connexes
Église de l'Intercession-de-la-Mère-de-Dieu de Goleša
Localités de Serbie
Villes de Serbie
Liens externes
Localité dans la municipalité de Priboj | {
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Email to Ray
Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 [128] 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 Go Down
Flat World Craig 0 3005 March 03, 2007, 06:53:51 AM
WWCG Craig 0 3006 April 15, 2007, 12:59:40 PM
A short question Craig 0 3007 December 20, 2010, 07:05:21 PM
Absent from the body? Craig 0 3008 January 19, 2007, 10:23:04 AM
Stop and think Craig 1 3008 June 05, 2006, 03:35:50 PM
Long Hair Craig 0 3009 February 24, 2007, 05:16:22 PM
THE ORIGIN OF ENDLESS PUNISHMENT Dennis Vogel 1 3009 March 26, 2006, 05:18:48 PM
by Falconn003
Prophecy? Craig 0 3010 February 15, 2007, 05:37:42 PM
Reprobate Craig 0 3011 March 23, 2008, 10:02:44 PM
Hard Question Craig 0 3013 August 23, 2008, 08:52:38 PM
Teacher Craig 2 3013 September 17, 2006, 11:10:21 AM
Fire of hell Craig 0 3013 December 03, 2006, 06:10:20 PM
I agree with a LOT of what you say BUT Craig 0 3014 September 08, 2010, 06:18:13 PM
Loving God? Craig 0 3015 September 06, 2006, 09:41:52 AM
Explain? Craig 1 3017 March 26, 2006, 05:24:05 PM
Prophecy Craig 0 3020 September 06, 2006, 09:44:39 AM
Thank You so much Craig 0 3020 July 03, 2010, 08:33:07 PM
Thanks, Testimony, long Craig 0 3022 April 30, 2007, 07:01:58 PM
Sovereignty Dennis Vogel 1 3023 March 25, 2006, 10:55:12 PM
Death Craig 0 3024 October 15, 2006, 11:32:13 AM
Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 [128] 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 Go Up | {
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[C]onventional wisdom may be underestimating the degree of fractiousness that defines the conservative movement today. Sean Hannity may see the partisan benefit in getting onboard, but Michelle Malkin is a better harbinger of the passions of the base – "Suicidal GOP senators join open-borders Dems for Shamnesty Redux," screamed her headline.
Fully 131 of the 233 House Republicans represent districts that are more than 80 percent white. Not only have many of those members opposed measures beyond improving border security in the past, but there are also no natural pressure groups for immigration reform in their districts. The Democratic Caucus, which is largely unified in support of some sort of immigration-reform proposal, has just 31 members from such very white districts.
And while the national party has embarked on a period of introspection forced by a crushing national loss, many House Republicans saw their individual victories as mandates to carry on. A number of members represent districts so safe — both politically and demographically — that they don't need to step out on immigration reform. Some surely fear potential primaries more than standing in the way of a deal: State legislatures across the country are dotted with ambitious Republicans who voted for Arizona-style immigration-enforcement laws over the past few years.
If House Republicans demand that the so-called Hastert Rule prevail – meaning that Speaker John Boehner can't bring a bill to the floor without the support of a majority of Republicans – they could successfully block the effort, regardless of any heat they might take from leadership or the Washington Post's editorial page.
Perhaps more importantly there are the contentious issues of "border security" and "path to citizenship" both of which seem to make right wingers crazy. Nobody even knows what "border security" is supposed to be much less how to tell if we have achieved it. And "path to citizenship" still means amnesty to most Republicans.
RUSH: Well, is that the reason that a majority of immigrants come to this country today? I know it used to be. They wanted to be Americans. They wanted to escape oppression. They wanted to become citizens of the greatest country on earth. I've seen a number of research, scholarly research data, which says that a vast majority of arriving immigrants today come here because they believe that government is the source of prosperity, and that's what they support. It's not about conservative principles and so forth, not the way it used to be. Are the Republicans stuck in the past in misjudging why the country is attractive to immigrants today?
Who knew that all the lazy Mexicans weren't lazy back in the day after all? And I wonder why they suddenly got that way? This "scholarly research" sounds fascinating. I'll have to look it up over at the VDARE site.
It's hard to know where this is going to go. The President seems to be doing the usual thing of starting out on the center right before negotiations begin, but maybe it will work out this time. Rubio has dopted the Democratic attitude that the Republicans will get big points for making the attempt and the nation — specifically Latinos, I'd imagine — will blame the other side for the failure. I think maybe Marco's confused. It's either going to be the Republicans walking away from a deal because it doesn't offer up enough punitive measures, "enforcement", "border security" and offers a much too easy path to citizenship or Democrats walking away because it's too punitive and makes a path to citizenship too difficult. I could be wrong, but I'm going to guess that Latinos will see themselves on the Democratic side of that argument. So, on a political level, this should be good for Democrats.
On a policy level, I'm not sure who it's good for. But it's unlikely to make things worse, so it's probably worth a try. | {
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The information on this web site is furnished by the Sarpy County Register of Deeds Office as a public service, and must be accepted and used by the recipient with the understanding that the Sarpy County Register of Deeds Office makes no warranties, expressed or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or suitability of this data.
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MIHEADA - MISSION HEIGHTS ADDITION "A"
MIHEADB - MISSION HEIGHTS ADDITION "B"
MIHEADC - MISSION HEIGHTS ADDITION "C"
RETL7 - REPLAT OF SOUTH 1/2 TAX LOT 7 NORTH OF R.R.
Please select your choice from the drop down list then click search. | {
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Here Is Heidi Klum Without Makeup
Filed to: Rag TradeFiled to: Rag Trade
Rag Trade
Heidi klum without makeup
This is a photo of Heidi Klum without any makeup on. U.K. charity Children in Need hired Rankin to shoot a series of celebrities and models bare-faced (but with a teddybear paw print) for a campaign in support of a fundraiser they call BearFaced Day. Women! Not wearing makeup! Around here we call that "Wednesday." [Telegraph]
There's a rumor that L'Wren Scott may be making Angelina Jolie's wedding dress. [Fashionista]
Big moves today in the apparel business: PVH is acquiring Warnaco for $2.9 billion. PVH owns Calvin Klein and Warnaco owns the Calvin Klein underwear brand and licenses Calvin Klein jeans, and apparently the companies have been in talks about a merger since 2003. [WWD]
Marion Cotillard is on the cover of British Harper's Bazaar. [Fashion Copious]
This is amazing. [@NYTMetro]
That story about Robert Pattinson getting paid $12 million to be the face of a Christian Dior fragrance is just a rumor. [THR]
Taylor Swift is on the cover of Cosmopolitan. Inside, she talks about the situation in Syria and offers a strongly worded criticism of Richard Mourdock's comments about rape. J/K! It's boys-boys-boys-boys-boys-boys: "I've had a lot of dark and twisty situations happen, enough to realize that when someone exhibits signs of evoking a dark and twisty relationship and dark and twisty feelings, it's not interesting to me." Swift adds, "I can't deal with someone wanting to take a relationship backward or needing space or cheating on you. I just don't ever want to end up in a relationship that isn't fair ever again." [Us]
Clothing and property belonging to Amy Winehouse, including her wedding dress and several of her stage outfits, was stolen from the late singer's home. The dresses were to have been auctioned for charity. [Sun]
Ashton Kutcher skipped the Colcci show at Sao Paulo fashion week even though he gets paid megabucks to be a face of the brand. This left Alessandra Ambrosio to walk the runway all alone. [HuffPo]
"The clothes label." [@LanaDelReyWorld]
All of New York's major department stores reopened their flagships yesterday after Hurricane Sandy, including Macy's, Bergdorf Goodman, Bloomingdale's and Saks Fifth Avenue. Above 42nd Street, there's electricity, see. [WWD]
Racked has sad pictures of Lower Manhattan's deserted retailscape, if you're into that sort of thing. [Racked]
If you're curious about how the other other half lives, Fashionista has a nifty roundup of the hotels where various fashion editors, designers, and models have holed up now that their downtown abodes are without electricity thanks to Sandy. Favorites include the Carlyle (Grace Coddington, Mary Kate Olsen, Karlie Kloss, Lily Donaldson, and Poppy Delevingne, $960-$2400/night) and the Mark (Anna Wintour, Carine Roitfeld, and Marc Jacobs, $857-$4870/night). [Fashionista]
Mario Lopez says it was "always a dream" to have a celebrity fashion line of his very own. "I didn't know how to begin, but I knew everybody needs underwear," he explained. Mario Lopez's underwear collection is called Rated M. [WWD]
In other inexplicable products, Diane von Furstenberg is designing an Evian bottle. [WWD]
J.C. Penney, which has touted its new policy of lowering prices permanently rather than luring in customers with promises of sales and discounts, has discounted end-of-season merchandise by 30%. This made one Deutsche Bank retail analyst nervous:
"On the heels of a $10 in-store coupon provided earlier this month, free haircuts for kids, and free family photos to begin later this week, we believe JCP is backtracking on its no promotion strategy, confusing customers. We, therefore, remain skeptical of near-term improvement in business trends."
J.C. Penney denies it is changing its pricing strategy. [Racked]
Gap's holiday campaign is themed around l-o-v-e. The campaign will feature Rufus Wainwright and his husband, Michael J. Fox and his wife, Tracy Pollan, Nas and his father, blues musician Olu Dara, Jack Huston and his dog, Gia Coppola and her best friend Nathalie Love, and Aubrey Plaza, alone, representing "self love." [P6]
Speaking of love, Harvey Nichols' latest ad campaign for its beauty department features models making out with themselves. [BuzzFeed]
Louis Vuitton is launching a new campaign highlighting its classic luggage, which is a perennial strong seller for the company. Inez van Lamsweerde and Vinoodh Matadin shot Arizona Muse for the ads at the Louvre, but all you really need to know is that the campaign is called L'Invitation au Voyage. As in Baudelaire. Aimer à loisir, Aimer et mourir, etc. [WWD]
Glamour's annual Women of the Year list includes Selena Gomez, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Jenna Lyons, Annie Leibovitz, Zaha Hadid, and Lena Dunham. [WWD]
This is a dress made of ice. Lady Gaga is deep-freezing a red carpet step and repeat as we speak so that she can wear it and be the most outrageous ever. [HuffPo]
Former Prada store manager Rina Bovrisse has lost her discrimination lawsuit against the fashion brand. Bovrisse alleged in 2010 that executives at the company in Japan directed her to fire store associates who they deemed insufficiently attractive to sell overpriced luxury goods to tourists; Bovrisse said that when she refused to enact the policy, she was terminated. The Tokyo district court rejected the claim. Bovrisse says she is considering an appeal. [WWD]
Harold Tillman has officially ended his term as the head of the British Fashion Council. Natalie Massenet will replace him. [WWD]
Ugg had a bad quarter: profits fell year-on-year by 31%, leading the company to slash its guidance for Q4. It blames sustained price increases for the drop, and says it will lower prices in the U.S. [HuffPo]
Vogue China paid tribute to American Vogue's 120th anniversary with a lavish gala dinner in Beijing. Editor Anjelica Cheung took the opportunity to praise her own publication's progress in the seven years since Vogue entered China: "Seven years is like the experience of several generations for me here. What took Europe 70 or 80 years, took China only seven." [WWD]
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Suzuki expands into marine parts out of Carolina site
Michelle Kantrow-Vázquez July 8, 2015
Suzuki del Caribe's new Foreign Trade Zone in Carolina.
Suzuki del Caribe is looking to reinvent itself by expanding into the distribution of marine products out of its new 30,000 square-foot warehouse at located at the Sabana Gardens Industrial Park in Carolina.
During a news conference Tuesday, company executives said the so-called Suzuki Foreign Trade Zone has an inventory of 1.2 million parts and accessories to cater to its Caribbean footprint.
"Our goal is to reach 21 countries in the Caribbean and South America," said Erving Rosario, sales and marketing manager for Suzuki del Caribe.
"There is great potential in the Caribbean region for marine motors due to the large amount of nautical business that depends on our product," he added.
The company's projected sales of marine products, including additional profits from exports to the 10 territories in the region which it already serves, are expected to reach some $3.5 million this fiscal year, executive said.
Furthermore, the company is also expecting sales generated from its recently established auto-paint store, Del Caribe Colors, to reach about $1 million.
When added, Suzuki anticipates closing the fiscal year with $10 million in sales, when factoring in about $5.5 million in projected sales of motors and parts in Puerto Rico and the rest of the region. The company expects to double the figure in five years.
Michelle Kantrow-Vázquez
Business reporter with 29 years of experience writing for weekly and daily newspapers, as well as trade publications in Puerto Rico. My list of former employers includes Caribbean Business, The San Juan Star, and the Puerto Rico Daily Sun, among others. My areas of expertise include telecommunications, technology, retail, agriculture, tourism, banking and most other segments of Puerto Rico's economy.
[email protected]
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FEMA earmarks $18.4M to repair Roberto Clemente Stadium in Carolina
Police to patrol Isla Verde tourism strip overnight on weekends
Contributor March 18, 2021 | {
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Bow Tie Hardware - Ribbon T-Hook and Loop
Ribbon numbering
13 3/4 to 18 14 1/2 to 20
Pack of 1 set Pack of 10 sets Pack of 20 sets Pack of 30 sets Pack of 50 sets Pack of 100 sets Pack of 200 sets
Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 1 set - €2,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 10 sets - €11,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 20 sets - €18,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 30 sets - €28,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 50 sets - €42,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 100 sets - €82,95 Black / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 200 sets - €154,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 1 set - €2,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 10 sets - €11,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 20 sets - €18,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 30 sets - €28,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 50 sets - €42,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 100 sets - €82,95 Black / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 200 sets - €154,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 1 set - €2,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 10 sets - €11,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 20 sets - €18,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 30 sets - €28,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 50 sets - €42,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 100 sets - €77,95 White / 13 3/4 to 18 / Pack of 200 sets - €130,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 1 set - €2,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 10 sets - €11,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 20 sets - €18,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 30 sets - €28,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 50 sets - €42,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 100 sets - €77,95 White / 14 1/2 to 20 / Pack of 200 sets - €130,95
Decrease quantity for Bow Tie Hardware - Ribbon T-Hook and Loop
Increase quantity for Bow Tie Hardware - Ribbon T-Hook and Loop
This ribbon T-hook set is the essential component for making ladder style fastening straps for bow ties. Ladder style straps are commonly used in branded bow ties (see last photo). Using this ribbon T-hook set will make your bow ties look professionally made! The hardware set can also be used to make adjustable straps for neckties.
Each set of bow tie hardware includes a piece of ribbon, a piece of loop part and a piece of T-hook part. Ribbon comes with two versions of numbering for you to choose from -- 13 3/4 to 18 or 14 1/2 to 20, both with 1/4 interval, the holes are 1/2 inch apart.
(Loop, T-hook) Black or Silver
(Ribbon) Black or White
(Loop) 19mm (3/4") inside
(T-hook) 13mm (1/2") inside
(Ribbon, if you choose 13 3/4 to 18): 25mm x 340mm
(Loop, T-hook): Metal
(Ribbon): Polyester | {
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Body Jewelry and Piercing Blog » Please visit iol.co.za for breaking news!
Please visit iol.co.za for breaking news!
South African and international news and sports coverage from Johannesburg's daily newspaper. Strong lifestyle section, Verve. | {
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Chris Nicholson-Sauls (21/21) Sep 04 2007 Yet some more updates to Cashew. Woooo.
Chris Nicholson-Sauls (8/20) Sep 04 2007 And now they are there.
Yet some more updates to Cashew. Woooo.
-- Almost usable, but not quite yet.
-- Fully re-implemented JSON library. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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Cast: Diana Agostini, Olivia Bond..
Cast: Ryan Carnes, Jordan Hinson..
By: Paolo Sorrentino /Cast: Toni Servillo..
Cast: Liv Mjones, Jonas Karlsson, Alexej Manvelov..
By: Alexander Kaidanovsky Region 2 Languages Russian Subtitles English ..
.. Champion / French Version.. | {
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Candid Stories & Collective
Consciousness with the
legendary Jackson Browne
To say that he has been a prolific songwriter is putting it mildly.
He has been pivotal in defining a genre of songwriting charged with honesty, emotion and personal politics. Jackson Browne was inducted into the Rock 'n Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, and into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame in 2007.
His success began when his debut album came out on David Geffen's Asylum Records in 1972. Since then, he has released fourteen studio albums, four collections of live performances, two "best of" compilations, two DVDs, and several single recordings.
He is known for his advocacy on behalf of the environment, human rights, and Arts Education. He's the co-founder of Musicians United for Safe Energy (MUSE) and Nukefree.org and a member of the Ocean advocacy group, Ocean Elders.
In 2002, he was the fourth recipient of the John Steinbeck Award, given to artists whose works exemplify the environmental and social values that were essential to the great California-born author. He has received Duke University's LEAF award for Lifetime Environmental Achievement in the Fine Arts, and both the Chapin-World Hunger Year and NARM Harry Chapin Humanitarian Awards. In 2004, Jackson was given an honorary Doctorate of Music by Occidental College in Los Angeles, for "a remarkable musical career that has successfully combined an intensely personal artistry with a broader vision of social justice."
It's been a long time since he's been "Running on Empty," and I was grateful to have the honor of speaking to this legendary Rock legend about his new album and what it took for him to get here.
What makes a good song to me? I really listen to the words. They should tell a story. You should be able to sit back, listen, close your eyes and hear and see the story unfold. Songs today...a lot of them, have gotten away from that, from the imagery. These days, it seems to be more about speed and raw energy and anger. It doesn't have to be.
~ Jackson Browne
Jackson Browne has written and performed key songs from the 60's to recently, His newest album, "Downhill From Everywhere," was released in 2021 and GRAMMY nominated for Best Americana Album.
His legendary songs have been "Running on Empty, "Doctor My Eyes," "The Pretender," "Somebody's Baby," and co-writer of "Take It Easy," (which was recorded by the Eagles).
By Kreig Marks, May 2022
KM: Let's go back. You were 16 when your first song made it with Nico, the Andy Warhol protégé? Can you explain how that came about?
JB: It was a sad time in my life. I was having some struggles in school, you know, with some tests, grades, things like that. And around the house, I was just going through teen things I guess, and I just wanted to be by myself a lot. And the song just came to me.
KM: Is it fair to say that Greg Copeland and Steve Noonan got you into songwriting in High School, when you weren't really big as an athlete back then?
JB: They were both big influences in my life. Greg was like a mentor to me. He pushed me to write music and really taught me a lot about writing. Steve was also a big influence on me. He helped keep me emotionally balanced, I suppose.
KM: You and Leonard Cohen hang out at a bar, both of you infatuated with NICO, can you give us the imagery of teenage Rock 'n Roll lives, what was Leonard doing back then, while you were earning $100 a week, or how was it back then?
JB: At the time, I was playing guitar for Nico and she would sing. She was very beautiful and, one night while we were doing our thing, Leonard Cohen stopped by and you could tell right away he was really into Nico. LOL! She and I were together, and the 3 of us ended up becoming very good friends.
KM: It occurs to me, so much acid and what a time, how do you think some of you made it out alive, what got you into the 70's and thru that?
JB: Yeah, there was a bit of experimentation going on with acid and other drugs, and as you're aware, not everyone did make it out alive. Jimi, Janice, and a lot of others didn't make it. Everyone was doing it. I'm not saying I condone drug use, but there was a lot of it happening. Being on acid seemed to get your creativity really cooking but, after a while you had to either carefully step off or you were gonna jump off.
KM: Sad and too true. Tell us about co-writing "Take It Easy" with Glenn Frey. Take us back. Where are you both? What city, what's going on? Are you laughing, are you drunk, stoned, did someone have a bad breakup?
JB: Ha! We were probably drunk, stoned and struggling with relationships! In all seriousness, I was on a road trip out West in Arizona and Utah. I was writing songs for my first solo album after leaving The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. "Take it Easy" was one of the songs I'd been working on. When I got back to LA, I kinda put the song away for a bit, because it was just giving me fits. One day, Glen came by and we were talking about music, and I told him about the song and how I was stuck. He said, "Let me hear what you got!" I played it for him to the point where I had left off. He told me I had to finish it, to get it on my album. Man, I tried. Something about it, I was stuck. So, I gave the song to Glen and told him to give it a shot, and he came up with 'It's a girl, my lord, in a flatbed Ford, slowin' down to take a look at me." LOL. And.....there you go!
KM: Wow! Very cool. And you gave him equal credit for the entire song?
JB: Yeah. I mean, look, if he didn't come up with that line, for all I know, the song would still be sitting in some folder somewhere in a junk drawer in my house.
KM: Nah, I don't think so, it's a great song, and yeah, that cool line people remember. Since the 90's you've been with Dianna Cohen, what makes that relationship so solid to you?
JB: First of all, she's an amazing woman, very smart, beautiful, very ambitious, so driven. She's a lifelong environmentalist, which I've been for a long time, but since being with Dianna, I've become even moreso. She's so caring and will do anything in her ability to help secure the environment. She's 100% supportive of me and my career, and I'm 100% supportive of her, too. We get each other.
KM: It's important in a relationship. Glad you both have that. You have been involved now with environmental activism and politically, so let's suppose you had a week with how it is NOW in this SITUATION in the OVAL OFFICE, how do you handle things, hypothetically speaking?
JB: Wow, you're gonna ask me that question? Man! What could I accomplish in a week? It would take a lot longer than a week. Let's see... Well, I would try to get my point of view across, not only to our country, but to the entire world. Remember that old saying, it takes a village? Well, the entire world would have to agree to come together as a planetary village to get things moving in the right direction. Fossil fuels would have to go. We'd have to invest in wind energy, solar energy. All these fuels are poisoning our environment every second of every day. We're killing trees to make malls. We're polluting our water supply. We're poisoning the air we breathe. We're destroying our entire ecosystem every day. When's it gonna end? I'd have to put together some of the top people in the entertainment industry to create some type of eye-popping video or movie that shows the truth, and we'd blast it over and over and over. I'd need a lot more than a week.
KM: Well, there it is. I think you've just found a project, so I hope you do that. You don't have to be in the oval office to do it. I'd love to see
the artistry all of you come up with to drive that message forward. It's so key! How it is to see Ethan with kids and as a father? What does this do for you in your own outlook?
JB: Ethan is a great father. He's a great son, a great man. I love seeing him with his kids. When I see him in his movies, modeling, with his daughter, and being such a great dad, it makes me very proud. It makes me feel I've done something really right in my life.
KM: That's great to hear. Is Ryan Browne playing bass? How's it going with his music? Does he remind you of yourself in any way at that age?
JB: Yeah, he's a very talented bass player. He's had his own band for quite some time. He's his own man, and I enjoy watching him and listening to his music. Does he remind me of myself at that age? Nah, not really. He's a better musician than I am!
KM: LOL. Sometimes there are unique scenarios we here at TRU ROCK just cannot help but ask about so here goes, in the late 60's you were at Peter Tork's Laurel Canyon home, where you were quoted in the 70's as saying, "Jimi Hendrix was up there jamming with Buddy Miles in the pool house, and Peter Tork's girlfriend was playing the drums, naked." Oh man, you have GOT TO tell us about that night, please?
JB: Oh Wow! I haven't thought about that in a minute. Yeah, that was a pretty cool night, LOL. I was a kid, probably 21 or 22 at the time, and really just starting out. Peter was pretty famous from the TV show "The Monkees," and Jimi and Buddy, well, everyone knew who they were. So yeah, I'm at Pete's house, and Jimi and Buddy are doing their thing and no one's on the drums. So, Pete's girlfriend, Reine Stewart, who he later married, climbed behind the drum kit and started banging around there and took off her clothes! She was actually pretty good on the drums and looked good playing them! LOL. That I definitely remember. What Jimi and Buddy were playing took second fiddle, if you follow my drift.
KM: LOL!! Great story. What stood out about Jimi Hendrix to you?
JB: What stood out about Jimi? Besides being such an amazing guitarist, he was a real sweet guy and had these gigantic hands. His hands could literally wrap around the entire neck of the guitar. He was very spiritual but was very shy, too.
KM: Sad in how short-lived his career was, great that you got to see him without all of the flash, behind the scenes. In this Rock 'n Roll life, tell me about people you have had chance encounters with where you still remember it, as far as icons for you.
JB: Are there really any chance encounters in our lives? I think people come and go in our lives as they're meant to. Everyone you come across in life is put there for a specific reason, don't you think? Your best friend, your college roommate, your favorite elementary school teacher who you still revere to this day. Your first music teacher. Your first love, your current love. Everyone you encounter is destined. I really believe that. But, to give you some type of answer, I'd say that night at Peter Tork's house when Buddy Miles showed up. That was pretty cool.
KM: Very cool! It's true, we all think things are happenstance, until we see the deeper connection and what things lead to by these encounters. Not to be taken for granted if we open our eyes as it goes on. What makes a good song to you, when you hear that it has something different or special to you? There is just so much music out there and some sounds very similar.
JB: What makes a good song to me? When I listen to a song, I really listen to the words. They should tell a story. You should be able to sit back, listen, close your eyes and hear and see the story unfold. Songs today, not all but a lot of them, have gotten away from that, from the imagery. These days, it seems to be more about speed and raw energy and anger. It doesn't have to be.
KM: Yes, with gear and virtuosity storytelling gets lost. Who has been groundbreaking from the 60's to now, besides you, the Beatles, and Bob Dylan, and the piano of Elton and Billy, etc. Who else is groundbreaking in your idea of music?
JB: Oh man, there's a lot of them out there. The Stones, The Who, Clapton - when he does his thing. Jeff Beck, Robert Plant is constantly reinventing his genre. Bonnie Raitt comes to mind, too.
KM: You both sounded great when you did "Angel From Montgomery!" Let's talk about the new album, Downhill From Everywhere. Tell me about the title, what does that mean to you?
JB: All of the hard work we put into the album was worth it. It's an album for the people, to spread the word about life, the environment. If we all spend a few minutes each day helping each other understand that the Earth needs help, needs love, it'll all be downhill from there, from everywhere. We all need to do our part every day. It's not as difficult as most people think. If we take politics out of the equation, it'll really all be downhill from here, from everywhere.
KM: Truth, it takes everyone being conscious about saving the resources, and caring about it. The title song, "Downhill from Everywhere" is pretty rockin. Tell me about the musicians and the female backup vocalists.
JB: Greg Leisz is rhythm guitar. This guy is solid as can be. Val McCallum is lead guitar and smokes it! He brings these cool "wah" sounds to the song, and it really brings out a whole new dimension to it. Bob Glaub is on bass, solid as can be. Jeff Young is on the keys. Mauricio Lewak is on the drums really holding things together back there. Chavonne Stewart, Alethea Mills and Leslie Mendelson do the backing vocals and they are phenomenal.
KM: Jackson, this has been very cool. I've been a fan of yours since I was a kid, and to get to speak with you has been a real privilege. I saw you here a few months ago with James Taylor. Loved the show! Any plans for a solo return to South Florida?
JB: I hoped you liked the show. It's always cool doing a show with JT. He's such an amazing talent and a really great guy. Right now, I'm not sure if we have another stop scheduled in South Florida. But, don't worry, I'll be back there soon. It's always a great time performing and visiting Florida.
KM: Well come back soon! Thank you for your time and good luck with the rest of the tour.
JB: Thanks, Kreig. This has been a lot of fun speaking with you. You really threw out some cool questions.
KM: I have to credit Abbe Davis with most of them. She's the Editor at Tru Rock, and does so much research for all of our interviews.
JB: Well, thank you Abbe Davis too! Great questions, Abbe! Let's do this again.
AD: Thanks, Jackson, big fan and hope to talk to you soon. Thanks for your amazing songwriting, love your music, soul, and causes. Namaste.
Kreig Marks, Publisher / Founder TRR
Kreig Marks is the Founder/Publisher of Tru Rock Revival Magazine.
Rock music has always been his passion, and promoting musicians. In is spare time he is an internationally recognized neuro-fitness trainer/ kinesiologist. | {
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Moussa Dadis Camara né le à Koulé (Nzérékoré), est un officier militaire et homme d'État guinéen.
Président du Conseil national pour la démocratie et le développement (CNDD), junte militaire au pouvoir après la mort de Lansana Conté, il s'autoproclame président de la république de Guinée le . Blessé à la tête en , il est hospitalisé au Maroc puis au Burkina Faso, et doit quitter ses fonctions. Il vit pendant en exil avant de revenir en Guinée, quelques mois avant son procès qui a lieu en septembre 2022.
Biographie
Origine et formation
Moussa Dadis Camara né le à Koulé (Nzérékoré) en Guinée forestière.
Formation générale
Il fait ses études primaires et secondaires à Nzérékoré, sanctionnées par un baccalauréat en sciences mathématiques au lycée Samory Touré. En 1986, il intègre l'université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, et obtient, en 1989, une licence en économie et finance.
Formation militaire
En 1990, inspiré par le président du Faso Blaise Compaoré, Moussa Dadis Camara intègre l'armée guinéenne, et poursuit sa formation à la base à Kindia, à de la capitale. Il suit des cours d'officier à Dresde, puis obtient un brevet de chef de section en gestion à Brême (Allemagne), et intègre une brigade franco-allemande. À son retour de l'Occident, en 1999, il devient intendant-adjoint au sein des forces des Nations unies pour la Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL). De 2000 à 2001, il est le chef de la Section Essence à la direction générale de l'Intendance militaire des armées de Guinée. Il repart en Allemagne en 2004, et effectue des études en capitainerie d'intendance et de logistique à l'École d'Infanterie de Hambourg, puis suit des cours pratiques de troupes aéroportées d'où il obtiendra un brevet de parachutiste-commando. Entre 2005 et 2007, Moussa Dadis Camara occupe le poste de Chef de section des Essences et Ravitaillement à l'Intendance militaire des forces armées, puis, en 2008, celui de directeur général des Essences et Lubrifiants. Entre-temps, il suit des cours à l'État major à l'École militaire inter-armée (EMIAG), en Guinée.
Prise de pouvoir
Quelques heures après l'annonce de la mort de Lansana Conté, deuxième président de la république de Guinée, le capitaine Camara, jusqu'alors inconnu du grand public, apparaît à la radio-télévision guinéenne pour annoncer la suspension de la Constitution et de toutes les institutions républicaines ainsi que la dissolution du gouvernement. Aboubacar Somparé était alors le successeur constitutionnel de Conté. Il prononce un discours à caractère social, dénonçant le désespoir profond du peuple de Guinée, la complicité des dignitaires du pouvoir dans le pillage des ressources du pays et leur incapacité à fournir à la population les services de base.
Le , il devient porte-parole du Conseil national pour la démocratie et le développement (CNDD). Le lendemain, il est désigné chef de la junte, puis il s'autoproclame président de la république de Guinée intérimaire. Il promet des élections « libres, crédibles et transparentes »..
Président de la République
Débuts
Le , comme promis à la prise du pouvoir, il nomme le banquier Kabiné Komara à la fonction de Premier ministre.
À la suite de la rencontre entre le CNDD et le secrétaire d'État français à la Coopération Alain Joyandet, le , le capitaine Moussa Dadis Camara réitère l'engagement de la junte à organiser des élections libres et transparentes, auxquelles ni les membres du CNDD, ni les membres du futur gouvernement de transition ne seront candidats, à la fin . Cependant en , Dadis Camara menace de se présenter à la présidentielle de si les chefs d'opinion ne cessent de s'« acharner » contre le CNDD.
À son arrivée au pouvoir, la Guinée, selon les populations, était considérée comme l'une des plus grandes plaques tournantes de la drogue de la sous-région ouest-africaine. Dadis Camara explique que « La drogue cause un énorme préjudice non seulement au peuple guinéen, mais à tous les opérateurs économiques. C'est pourquoi, j'ai décidé de la combattre pour redorer l'image de marque de mon pays ». Afin d'attirer les investisseurs, le président guinéen cherche à rassurer les opérateurs économiques. Ainsi les interpellations se multiplient à Conakry, impliquant des protégés de l'ancien régime autoritaire tels qu'Ousmane Conté (le fils ainé de l'ex-président), Saturnin Bangoura (le beau-frère du général Lansana Conté) ou encore Lansana Camara (fils du général Kerfalla Camara (ancien chef d'État-major général des forces armées guinéennes)). Ces multiples arrestations de hauts fonctionnaires ou d'officiers supérieurs valent à Dadis Camara l'estime de son peuple voyant en cela la volonté de rompre avec la culture de l'impunité cultivée depuis longtemps et la corruption généralisée. La lutte contre les narcotrafiquants sera médiatisée avec des procès télévisés contribuant à la propagande du CNDD. Même si Moussa Dadis Camara est considéré actuellement par l'ONU comme un acteur important dans la lutte contre le narcotrafic en Afrique de l'Ouest, le problème de l'absence de chiffres réels demeure. Le , le président Moussa Dadis Camara reçoit, en présence du président sénégalais Abdoulaye Wade, l'oscar du Mérite du Conseil international des manageurs africains (CIMA) pour son combat contre les narcotrafiquants et pour la moralisation économique.
Massacre de septembre 2009
Le , à la suite d'un meeting organisé dans l'enceinte du plus grand stade de Conakry, l'armée guinéenne tire à balles réelles sur les manifestants, occasionnant 157 morts selon les ONG, qui font aussi état de milliers de blessés et de nombreux viols. La communauté internationale a fermement condamné cette violente répression, et le président Camara explique cet événement par l'indiscipline de ses forces armées, et déplore le décès de « ceux qui l'ont amené au pouvoir ». Ce massacre engendre la démission du porte-parole du gouvernement et des ministres de l'Agriculture et de la Fonction publique, fait sans précédent en Guinée.
La France, par la voix de Bernard Kouchner, décide de suspendre sa coopération militaire avec le CNDD et demande, conjointement avec les États-Unis, une enquête internationale. La Cour pénale internationale (CPI) donne une suite favorable à cette requête et la France appelle ses ressortissants à quitter la Guinée en raison de la détérioration de la situation. L'International Crisis Group met de son côté en garde contre une « guerre civile qui pourrait déstabiliser l'Afrique de l'Ouest, s'il n'est pas mis rapidement fin au régime militaire ».
Devant les pressions internationales, Moussa Dadis Camara affirme, le , n'avoir « peur de rien ». Mais le 21 décembre suivant, le rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale estime qu'au moins 156 personnes ont été tuées dans la répression et que 109 femmes ou jeunes filles ont été violées, voire parfois mutilées. Les enquêteurs de l'ONU parlent de « crime contre l'humanité » et en imputent notamment la responsabilité à Moussa Dadis Camara, pour lequel ils réclament la saisie de la Cour pénale internationale.
À la suite du massacre du , des dissensions apparaissent au sein du CNDD. Le général Sékouba Konaté essaye de faire arrêter Aboubacar « Toumba » Diakité par Claude Pivi, mais Dadis s'y oppose. Sous la pression de l'enquête internationale, Dadis Camara semble se désolidariser des responsables des violences.
Toumba, quant à lui, accuse Dadis Camara d'avoir commandité les massacres et d'avoir voulu lui rejeter la responsabilité, affirmant avoir aidé des opposants à échapper aux violences, version confirmée par François Louceny Fall, ancien Premier ministre, mais remise en cause par un rapport de Human Rights Watch.
Tentative d'assassinat et départ du pouvoir
Le , Moussa Dadis Camara se rend au camp militaire Koundara, base de son aide de camp et chef de la garde présidentielle, Aboubacar Sidiki Diakité. Celui-ci tire sur Dadis Camara, le blessant à la tête et au cou. Le chef de l'État est transféré le lendemain à Rabat (Maroc), afin d'y être hospitalisé dans une « situation difficile mais pas désespérée », d'après le président burkinabé Blaise Compaoré. En attendant de plus amples informations, l'intérim est assuré par le de la junte, le général Sékouba Konaté ; une récompense de 200 millions de francs guinéens en plus d'une villa est promise à qui retrouvera Aboubacar Diakité ou donnera des informations pouvant le localiser.
Le , à la surprise générale, Moussa Dadis Camara quitte le Maroc, où il était hospitalisé depuis le , pour Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Ses partisans en Guinée appellent alors à son maintien au pouvoir et des rassemblements en son soutien s'organisent. Toujours président de la République, Moussa Dadis Camara est rejoint par le président intérimaire, Sékouba Konaté, en vue de négociations, sous l'égide de Blaise Compaoré. Un accord est trouvé le , et Camara renonce au pouvoir, officiellement pour des raisons de santé.
En réalité, selon les télégrammes de la diplomatie américaine révélés par WikiLeaks, les gouvernements français et américains, en accord avec Mohammed VI, ont profité de son hospitalisation à Rabat pour lui trouver un successeur et le forcer à l'exil. Français et Américains se méfiaient de Dadis Camara depuis le massacre de 2009 et craignaient que ses ambitions militaires (recrutement de mercenaires, achats d'armes) ne soient une menace pour la stabilité de la région.
Exil au Burkina Faso
Au Burkina Faso, il se convertit au christianisme en 2010 et change son nom en . Il y réside sous la protection du président Blaise Compaoré, à condition de ne pas faire de politique, tandis que sa sécurité est supervisée par Gilbert Diendéré, aide de camp de son hôte.
À l'occasion de l'élection présidentielle guinéenne de 2010, toujours en exil, il ne donne aucune consigne de vote, appelant « tous les électeurs de [son] pays [à] voter [pour] le candidat de leur choix ».
Le , il fait part de son intention de rentrer en Guinée.
Moussa Dadis Camara annonce son intention de se présenter à l'élection présidentielle guinéenne du 11 octobre 2015. En , Cellou Dalein Diallo, dirigeant de l'UFDG et principal rival du président sortant, annonce avoir formé une alliance politique avec Dadis Camara, sachant que ce dernier reste une figure populaire dans la Guinée forestière. Du coup, la justice guinéenne s'active pour juger son rôle dans le massacre du et discréditer sa candidature à la présidentielle, et l'inculpe le des chefs d'accusation suivant : complicité d'assassinats, séquestrations, viols, coups et blessures. Le , Dadis Camara achète un billet pour rentrer en Guinée, mais y renonce après avoir été averti que les États guinéen et ivoirien s'y opposeraient. Le , il prend finalement l'avion pour Conakry, mais le vol est dérouté à Accra : Alpha Condé aurait appelé en urgence le président ivoirien, Alassane Ouattara, pour lui demander de bloquer l'arrivée de Dadis Camara. Son avocat a déclaré qu'il porterait plainte pour . Le Front patriotique pour la démocratie et le développement (FPDD), parti politique de Dadis Camara, accuse le gouvernement guinéen d'empêcher son retour au pays pour se présenter devant la justice et prouver son innocence. Début , la Cour constitutionnelle ne retient pas la candidature de Dadis Camara à la présidentielle.
En , Camara se retire de la présidence de son parti, les Forces patriotiques pour la démocratie et le développement (FPDD), et annonce qu'il ne participera pas aux prochaines élections communales et législatives.
Retour en Guinée et procès
La junte au pouvoir en Guinée en 2021 autorise Camara et Sékouba Konaté à revenir en Guinée, en invoquant des motifs « humanitaires »
Le 22 décembre 2021, Moussa Dadis Camara rentre en Guinée par l'aéroport international Ahmed Sékou Touré, Bible et Coran à la main. En référence à sa mise en examen pour le massacre de 2009, il indique .
A la veille du procès des massacres du 28 septembre, Moussa Dadis Camara est placé sous mandat de dépôt et déféré à la Maison centrale de Conakry. Il doit rester incarcéré le temps du procès au même titre que Toumba Diakité car leurs demandes de remise en liberté ont été rejetées.
Le 5 décembre 2022, appelé à la barre pour témoigner dans le cadre du procès des massacres de septembre 2009, il explique « être souffrant » et ne pas pouvoir s'exprimer. Ses avocats indiquent qu'il souffre d'une grippe aigüe et d'un paludisme qui l'affaiblissent. Le président du tribunal a accepté de lui accorder un délai d'une semaine avant de l'entendre à nouveau.
Une semaine plus tard, il se présente face au tribunal pour se défendre et évoque d'emblée un « complot » contre lui, niant sa responsabilité dans les massacres du stade de Conakry datant du 28 septembre 2009. Le 13 décembre, lors de sa deuxième comparution, il est victime d'une dysphonie l'empêchant de s'exprimer, ce qui pousse le juge à repousser de nouveau son audience.
De retour devant le tribunal le 19 décembre, il reste sur la même ligne de défense, niant toute responsabilité dans les massacres du 28 septembre 2009. Il indique que le jour du drame, il a été forcé par Toumba Diakité, son ancien bras droit, à rester dans son bureau tandis que son assistant est allé au stade commettre les massacres. Nommant certains responsables, il rejette la faute sur les autres et affirme que seuls ses ministres ont la responsabilité des événements dont il n'avait pas connaissance. Peu à peu, il perd son calme au fil de l'audience et s'énerve lorsque le tribunal qualifie son régime de dictature. Début janvier 2023, il maintient un comportement agacé face à la cour qui l'interroge tout en affichant ouvertement son impatience et en rappelant son innocence.
Le 18 janvier 2023, il réaffirme sa version de la théorie du complot et se dit victime des événements du 28 septembre. Il en profite aussi pour charger encore Toumba Diakité qu'il estime être à l'origine des massacres. Blaise Goumou, un ancien gendarme qui lui succède à la barre, charge lui aussi Toumba Diakité qu'il estime responsable des massacres. Il affirme même l'avoir vu tirer dans le stade.
Notes et références
Notes
Références
Annexes
Bibliographie
Mohamed Saliou Camara, Thomas O'Toole, Janice E. Baker, « Camara, Moussa Dadis (1964-) », in Historical Dictionary of Guinea, Scarecrow Press, 2013 ( éd.),
Articles connexes
Liste des chefs d'État guinéens
Politique en Guinée
Liens externes
Site officiel du gouvernement guinéen
« Moussa Dadis Camara, "petit capitaine" convaincu d'être choisi "par Dieu" »
Étudiant de l'université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry
Militaire guinéen
Président de la Guinée
Usurpateur
Victime d'une tentative de meurtre
Naissance en janvier 1964
Naissance à Koulé | {
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For the full specification, see section 6.3 of the C++ Standard Library Technical Report and issue 6.18 of the Library Extension Technical Report Issues List (page 63).
Defines boost::hash, and helper functions.
// Support functions (Boost extension).
// Overloadable hash implementation (Boost extension).
Called repeatedly to incrementally create a hash value from several variables.
Updates seed with a new hash value generated by combining it with the result of hash_value(v). Will always produce the same result for the same combination of seed and hash_value(v) during the single run of a program.
hash_value is called without qualification, so that overloads can be found via ADL.
This hash function is not intended for general use, and isn't guaranteed to be equal during separate runs of a program - so please don't use it for any persistent storage or communication.
Only throws if hash_value(T) throws. Strong exception safety, as long as hash_value(T) also has strong exception safety.
Calculate the combined hash value of the elements of an iterator range.
hash_range is sensitive to the order of the elements so it wouldn't be appropriate to use this with an unordered container.
Only throws if hash_value(std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type) throws. hash_range(std::size_t&, It, It) has basic exception safety as long as hash_value(std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type) has basic exception safety.
Overloadable hash implementation (Boost extension).
Implementation of the hash function.
Generally shouldn't be called directly by users, instead they should use boost::hash, boost::hash_range or boost::hash_combine which call hash_value without namespace qualification so that overloads for custom types are found via ADL.
Only throws if a user supplied version of hash_value throws for an element of a container, or one of the types stored in a pair.
long long, unsigned long long val when abs(val) <= std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max().
float, double, long double An unspecified value, except that equal arguments shall yield the same result.
T* An unspecified value, except that equal arguments shall yield the same result.
std::complex<T> When T is a built in type and val.imag() == 0, the result is equal to hash_value(val.real()). Otherwise an unspecified value, except that equal arguments shall yield the same result. | {
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+852 2115 7600 [email protected]
About Merdeka
Consumer Products Trading
Statutory Announcements
Annual / Interim / Quarterly Reports
Proxy Forms
Wilson Cheung
Mr. Cheung is the Chairman and CEO of Merdeka with responsibility of group strategic initiatives. He previous served as directorate with various Hong Kong listed companies. He has over twenty years of experience in audit, business development and corporate finance. Mr. Cheung is currently a member HKICPA and HKSII. He graduated from City University of Hong Kong with MSc in Financial Engineering and York University, Canada with BA in Economics and BAS.
Nata Tsang
Ms. Tsang is an Executive Director of Merdeka. She was an assistant director of Veda Corporate Services Limited, a subsidiary of the Group from January 2012 to May 2018. Ms. Tsang holds master degree in corporate governance from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and a bachelor degree in accountancy from City University of Hong Kong. Ms. Tsang is a member of both of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. She is also an associate member of both of The Hong Kong Institute of Chartered Secretaries and The Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators in the United Kingdom. She is the company secretary of DeTai New Energy Group Limited (stock code: 559) ("DeTai"), a company listed on the main board of the Stock Exchange. She was the chief financial officer of DeTai from July 2013 to October 2017. Ms. Tsang has extensive experience in accounting, financial management and company secretarial matters.
Ann Yeung
Ms. Yeung is an Independent Non-executive Director of Merdeka. She is a practicing solicitor with Messrs. Wong & Wong Lawyers. Ms. Yeung also is the independent non-executive director of Success Universe Group Limited and E Lighting Group Holdings Limited, which are listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.
Casina Ng
Ms. Ng is an Independent Non-executive Director of Merdeka. She holds a Bachelor of Business (Accountancy) degree from Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. Ms. Ng is a member of both the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the CPA Australia. She was the group financial controller of Luxey International (Holdings) Limited (stock code: 8041), a company listed on the GEM of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the "Stock Exchange") from 2011 to 2018. Ms. Ng has over 20 years of experience in auditing, accounting and financial management.
Wong Wing Kit
Mr. Wong is an Independent Non-executive Director of Merdeka. He holds a master of business administration degree from the City University of Hong Kong and a bachelor of arts in accountancy from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He is a fellow member of The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and a member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Wong held senior positions with various local and international institutions. Mr. Wong has over 27 years of experience in auditing, accounting management, financial reporting and analysis and financial system implementation.
2019 © Merdeka Financial Group Limited | {
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Investing in wellbeing for your company is a win win. Not only does it fulfil corporate responsibility, it is proven to improve your bottom line by reducing sick days and increasing productivity. The Chimney House and The Mowbray offer curated wellness workshops ideal for company away days and team building.
The Chimney House is ideal for hosting smaller Corporate Wellness Workshops in Sheffield. For larger groups - The Mowbray is the perfect location. Our flexible floorspace, luxurious touches and our commercial kitchen and dedicated chef team means we can take care of every detail from start to finish providing a relaxing and inspirational setting for a productive and motivational day. | {
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[email protected]
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UPDATE: A road train has been removed from the area of the Low Level Crossing which will stayed closed until tomorrow lunchtime. The heavily laden road train came undone at the Low Level Crossing in Katherine last night. The crossing remains closed and Katherine Town Council says it will stay that way until at least lunchtime tomorrow.. An excavator managed to lighten the load on one of three trailers of cow pellets as attempts continued this morning to remove the road train. Sources at the scene claim the road train is rated at 100 tonnes in weight while the crossing is signposted for 20 tonnes. The road train had entered the crossing from the northern side heading towards the Victoria Highway when it came unstuck. The road train successful negotiated the crossing but was not able to climb the hill. The road has been damaged in the process as well.
UPDATE: A road train has been removed from the area of the Low Level Crossing which will stayed closed until tomorrow lunchtime.
The heavily laden road train came undone at the Low Level Crossing in Katherine last night.
The crossing remains closed and Katherine Town Council says it will stay that way until at least lunchtime tomorrow..
An excavator managed to lighten the load on one of three trailers of cow pellets as attempts continued this morning to remove the road train.
Sources at the scene claim the road train is rated at 100 tonnes in weight while the crossing is signposted for 20 tonnes.
The road train had entered the crossing from the northern side heading towards the Victoria Highway when it came unstuck.
The road train successful negotiated the crossing but was not able to climb the hill.
The road has been damaged in the process as well.
Discuss "Low level crossing comes undone" | {
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Natranix includes a blend of all-natural botanical ingredients in a great-tasting respiratory support formula that provides immune support during seasonal changes. 120 ml (4 fl oz).
The human immune system is a complex network of millions of immune cells, which act together to protect the body from constant exposure to outside invaders. Most of the time, the immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy, but during certain times of the year, the immune system may require additional support. Studies have shown key ingredients in Natranix to be especially supportive to the immune system, as they include compounds that support respiratory health and normal mucus production, offering immediate support for children and adult immune challenges.
Natranix is an alcohol-free, great-tasting syrup formulated from natural botanicals, made to support respiratory health and boost children's immune function during seasonal challenges. This unique formula includes: echinacea, for its role in immune support; thyme, which helps balance mucus production; sage, for its soothing effect on lung tissue; elderberry, for its role in managing bronchial secretions and promoting immunity; and anise, to help loosen and expel excess mucus. | {
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Lord Goldsmith Knew Extent of Phone-Hacking in 2006Labour's Attorney General Did Nothing in Government
One snippet of yesterday's phone-hacking debate in Parliament struck Guido as slightly odd. QC, and West Devon MP, Geoffrey Cox revealed some damning loose ends about Blair's Attorney General and Lord Macdonald, the then Director of Public Prosecutions, that the Home Affairs Select Committee report did not clear up. In May 2006 both Goldsmith and Macdonald were given a briefing from the police that stated:
"a vast number of unique voicemail numbers belonging to high-profile individuals (politicians, celebrities) have been identified as being accessed without authority. These may be the subject of wider investigation."
Cox went on to point out that the CPS decided to instead focus their investigation on Goodman and Mulcaire, and the hacking of two officials at the palace. Despite this, Goldsmith knew about the extent of the phone-hacking, yet seemingly did nothing. Cox was pushing Labour to reveal whether Goldsmith raised the issue at Cabinet, as he had a duty to do with matters of public interest. As he repeatedly hammered home – why was nothing done?
Another Tory MP Mark Reckless, who is on the Home Affairs Select Committee, is going after Lord Macdonald, who is now at Matrix Chambers with Blair's wife. Reckless has written to Macdonald demanding to know why nothing was done. Reckless also wants to know how much Macdonald has had in writing fees since he stood down at the CPS from, you guessed it, News International. Another layer emerges…
mdi-tag-outline Labour Party M'learned Friends
mdi-account-multiple-outline Tony Blair
mdi-timer July 21 2011 @ 12:13 mdi-share-variant mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-printer | {
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Where are you based and do you travel for weddings? How long have you been in business?
I am based just outside New York City in Jersey City, NJ. I do a lot of portrait sessions in my neighborhood which has a lot of charm and is a popular spot because of its unobstructed waterfront views of the Manhattan skyline.
I travel both domestically and internationally for weddings. I've been shooting professionally for over 10 years.
When did you shoot your first Indian wedding? Describe the experience.
My first Indian wedding was in 2004. I was nervous, but preparation helped make it a success. I knew what to expect because I worked closely with the bride and groom who were very helpful in answering my questions and providing information on the meaning of the ceremonies. The wedding itself was a beautiful ritual of colors and exchanges and the reception was one of the best dance parties I had ever attended.
How many Indian weddings have you covered since then?
I have covered almost 100 Indian weddings and functions consisting of the many geographic cultures of India since 2004.
Describe a memorable South Asian wedding that you covered.
I'd have to say that all of the Indian weddings I shoot are memorable. The hospitality I experience is remarkably warm and sincere. I am treated like a family member who is an intricate part of this very special time in the family's life, rather than a vendor in passing.
The most memorable South Asian wedding I have covered was also one of the most elegant and beautiful in terms of the venue and decorations. It was a home wedding, with property large enough to accommodate more than 500 guests from around the world. A tent was erected on the front lawn of the estate for the Sangeet and Reception. There was a Gazebo made of marble which is where the ceremonies and Pooja took place. Because of the layout of the house and grounds, my assistant and I were able to get rare and dramatic angles of the ceremony and events that made our coverage extremely unique.
My style can be described as fluid. I never stop, intrude upon, or color the days' events with my presence... with a few exceptions (I sometimes have to turn what appear to be walk-a-thons into lively Baraats by showing the crowd my Bhangra skills!) My main goal when shooting any wedding is for the bride, groom, their friends and family to forget that I am there... this allows them to get caught up in true emotion. It is in these fractions of a second that I work to fluidly weave together their many laughs and tears... this is what I do best.
What advice would you offer Indian couples to ensure they get the best photographic coverage of their wedding?
1. When visiting studios, make sure the work they show you is the work of the photographer who they assign to shoot your wedding There are so many couples who come in and tell me that someone else showed up and the work didn't meet their expectations.
2. Meet the photographer personally to ensure your personalities are compatible and that s/he understands your needs. Don't forget that this person has to work with your family and friends for about 15-18 hours on your wedding day. Bad memories will last as long as (and maybe longer than) the good ones.
3. Find someone experienced in shooting Indian weddings (having Raj Uncle shoot your wedding may be cheap but usually not worth it in the end).
4. Think about the pictures you are going to want to keep for a lifetime. Do you really want your photographer to spend precious time on table pictures?
Why should an Indian couple hire you for their wedding?
I bring a unique way of capturing weddings because my style combines artistic vision with technical expertise, such as consistency in various lighting situations. As a non-Indian wedding photographer, the biggest concern I get from parents is that I am not Indian. After they leave my office, they are confident that I will be able to capture the wedding beautifully because I understand the customs and very intricate parts of the ceremonies. Equally important is the fact that I am respectful to the guests and give 110% the entire day.
Most importantly, how good are your bhangra skills?
My wife is Indian and we had a Hindu wedding with one of the longest Baraats I've seen, and I danced the entire time. I attended many a Bhangra nights to develop my skills as a precondition to getting a "yes."
For more information, visit Damion Edwards' website.
IndianWeddingSite.com is excited to present Damion Edwards, an extremely talented and experienced photographer available for your Souh Asian wedding. Read on to find out more about his photographic style and view some of his favorite bridal images. | {
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Goblin Scouts are stronger than normal Goblins. They are weaker than Goblin Shamans, as they cannot use magic and resort to regular Goblin weapons, like Clubs and Bows. They are turquoise in color and only appear in the first game, Fate. They are seen in groups or sometimes alone.
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CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE
REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
About the Constitutional Court
Timetable of the Sessions of the Constitutional Court
Bulletin of the Constitutional Court
Information for the Citizens
Career at the Constitutional Court
Structure of the Constitutional Court
President of the Constitutional Court
Justices of the Constitutional Court
Staff of the Constitutional Court
Diagram of the Structure
Normative Legal Acts
Declaration on the Independence of Armenia
Constitution of the Republic of Armenia
Constitutional Law of the Republic of Armenia on the Constitutional Court
Working Format of the Constitutional Court
Decisions of the Constitutional Court
Procedural Decisions of the Constitutional Court
Procedural Decisions of the Panel of Justices of the Constitutional Court
Telegrams and Messages
About the Library of the Constitutional Court
List of the Available Publications at the Constitutional Court
Publications of the Constitutional Court
International Legal Resources
Organs of Constitutional Justice
Other State Agencies
RA legal resources
Human rights documents
Arman Dilanyan
Advisers to the President of the Constitutional Court
Alina Pkhrikyan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 126 [email protected]
Armen Harutyunyan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 186 [email protected]
Sona Yesayan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 140 [email protected]
Reception: Armenuhi Kostanyan
(+374 11) 588181, internal number 130
Assistants to the President of the Constitutional Court
Naira Hovhannisyan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 191 [email protected]
Varduhi Poghosyan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 190 [email protected]
Artak Ghazaryan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 186 [email protected]
Vahagn Harutyunyan (+374 11) 588181, internal number 124 [email protected]
Was born in the village of Getapnya, Ararat Marz, on 23 September 1974.
ACADEMIC DEGREE, TITLE
Candidate of Law Sciences
In 1996 Graduated from the Law Faculty of Yerevan State University.
In 2004 Completed post-graduate studies at the Law Faculty of Yerevan State University: the topic of the research - "International Courts and Issues of Peaceful Settlement of Interstate Disputes".
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Scientific and pedagogical activity
August 1996 – October 2004
Served as the Assistant to the Vice President of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia.
November 2004 – April 2006
Served as the Chief Specialist at the the Legal Advisory Service (Department) at the Staff of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia.
April 2006 – September 2012
Served as Head of the Division of Analysis of Individual Applications at the Legal Advisory Service (Department) at the Staff of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia.
September 2012 - April 2013
Served as the Acting Head of the Legal Advisory Service (Department) at the Staff of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia.
Upon the Decree of the President of the Republic of Armenia was appointed to the position of the Judge at the Administrative Court of the Republic of Armenia.
Elected by the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia to the position of the Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia.
Elected at the procedural session of the Constitutional Court as the President of the Constitutional Court for a term of six years.
From 2006 till
Teaches at the Armenian-Russian (Slavonic) University (course subjects: "International Law", "International Justice").
Served as the Chairperson of the Chair on International and European Law at the Law Faculty of the Armenian-Russian (Slavonic) University.
From 2015 till now
Teaches at the School of Advocates of the Republic of Armenia.
Teaches at the Law Faculty of Yerevan State University (course subjects: "Administrative Proceedings" and "Impact of the Decisions of the Constitutional Court on the Legal System of the Republic of Armenia").
President Dilanyan authored scientific articles and publications on the international law, administrative law and constitutional justice.
On 28 April 2017, he was elected by the General Assembly of the Union of Judges of the Republic of Armenia to the position of the Member of the Council at the "Union of Judges of the Republic of Armenia".
President Dilanyan is married and has two sons.
10 Marshall Baghramyan Ave., Yerevan 0019, Republic of Armenia
Reception Office of the President of the Constitutional Court
+374-11-588181, 130
General Division
Previous website
Design and development by e-Works
© 2021. All rights reserved. The images posted on this website are protected by the law of the Republic of Armenia on copyright and related rights. It is forbidden to reproduce, distribute, illustrate, adopt or to redesign the posted photos in any other way, as well as to use it in other ways unless permission by the Staff of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia has been obtained.
The website of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia has been created as part of the Partnership for Good Governance (PGG II) Project ''Support to the judicial reform – enhancing the independence and professionalism of the judiciary in Armenia'' co-funded by the European Union and the Council of Europe. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of either party. | {
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Central do Brasil (canção) — de Legião Urbana
Central do Brasil (filme) — brasileiro de 1998, indicado ao Oscar
Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil — ferrovia brasileira
Estação Central do Brasil — estação final do sistema ferroviário da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Banco Central do Brasil — o banco central brasileiro
Desambiguações de música
Desambiguações de cinema
Desambiguações de estações
Desambiguações de organizações | {
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The Royal Lao flag is a three headed elephant referred to as an Erawan. The three headed elephant actually had the layered "umbrella" looking object over it's heads as opposed to one on either side. I may be fuzzy in my memory but that is what I recall. This depiction almost looks Hindu in nature.
The royal flag of Laos was red with a large centered coat-of-arms covering most of the flag.
A rendering of the Lao Royal flag used in the period of the Vietnam War, referenced by Sean Sammut and Jim Spears can be seen at http://www.angelfire.com/in/Laos/ (This is a large page).
FOTW does not endorse any political views that may be associated with any of the above pages. | {
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Clay Minerals (1999) 34 (2): 275-290.
The hydrothermal reactivity of a smectite saturated with K was studied experimentally at 300 degrees C and 100 bar in (Na,K) chloride solutions (Na/K = 0, 50 and 100, liquid/ solid ratio = 10/1). X-ray diffraction, TEM and microprobe results show: (1) a partial to total dissolution of the initial smectite layers; and (2) the crystallization of newly-formed euhedral I-S. Random I-S is formed after 7 days, but an ordered mixed-layer I-S containing <30% expandable layers formed in the longest runs (112 days). The I-S is characterized by non-expandable layers of two distinct types: dehydrated smectite and illite. The Si content is lower in the I-S than in the initial smectite, thus creating a charge deficit, mostly compensated by the introduction of Na to the interlayer space, and yielding a silica release to the solution and subsequent crystallization of quartz and cristobalite. | {
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Genesis Capital acquired majority share in Swell
The most important customer of the engineering services provider is Škoda Auto. GPEF II fund managed by Genesis Capital completed within a short timeframe another acquisition. One of the most active private equity funds became the new owner of Swell, spol. s.r.o., a company focused on applied research and development in the automotive industry.
Swell was established in 1993 and has since then successfully grown to reach the top among companies focusing on applied research and development in the automotive sector in the Czech Republic. The Company'smost important long-term customer, Škoda Auto, cooperates with Swell on construction projects and development of new components and prototypes. Swell also cooperates with multiple other clients, such as Iveco, Hella, Continental, Bosch or Honeywell.
"Swell is a prosperous company, with more than a hundred of highly qualified employees, concentrating on applied research and development. Our decision to invest in the Company was further supported by the spectrum of high profile clients cooperating with Swell." explainedJan Tauber, Managing Partner of Genesis Capital. He added that the Company has great potential for further growth and that Genesis is prepared to support the development through additional acquisitions.
GPEF II fund has acquired 100% in Swell from the two former founders and owners, who have decided to fully dispose from their shareholding and management positions in the Company.
"To leave the company we have been building for twenty years was not an easy decision to make,"said Lubomír Drašar, former co-owner of Swell, "However, the references of Genesis Capital and the competence of the management with whom we have cooperated in Swell for a long time are a guarantee that the Company will continue delivering top services to its customers with the same quality as in the past. Furthermore the plans for development under the new owner should ensure future growth."
A newcomer in the Company's management at the position of the CEO is Lucie Baleková. Her goal is mainly to oversee the realization of the outlined growth plan. Lucie Baleková will benefit from her extensive experience in top management positions of numerous companies, mostly in the automotive sector. The new executive director of Swell is Petr Havlík, a former head of sales and marketing. The two will also jointly assume the positions of the two Board Members of the Company.
About Swell, spol. s.r.o.
Swell, spol. s.r.o., was founded in 1993 and quickly became successful in providing services in applied research and development for automotive industry in the Czech Republic. Today, the Company deals with CAD/CAE services, numerical simulations, testing, prototyping and tooling. It employs over 120 employees, mostly designers, testing engineers, constructers and prototyping specialists. The Company is headquartered in Hořice, where it has completed a construction of R&D and production center.
Among its clients are top companies in automobile industry, such as Škoda Auto, Continental, Bosch and Iveco.
About Genesis Capital s. r. o.
Genesis Capital s. r. o. offers financing for development and growth of small and medium-sized companies in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Through private equity funds it operates, Genesis Capital has supported more than 30 companies, many of which have thanks to this partnership became the top in their respective field. Genesis Capital secured more than 2 billion crowns for development of Czech and Slovak companies to date. Since 1999, Genesis Capital managed three private equity funds, with a cumulative size of nearly 100 million Euros. The current fund, GPEF II, was founded in 2009 and has a size of 40 mil. EUR. GPEF II currently holds shares in the following companies: Profimedia CZ, Servodata, VYDIS, KS Klima-Service, JRC Czech, HSW Signall, AZ KLIMA, GTH catering, Roltechnik, Sieza and 3070. | {
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This was the first time the contest at the Mavericks home game has been held.
Video (00:20) : Morgan Ward stood in her winter boots at the far blue line Friday night on the Mavericks' home ice in downtown Mankato, gripped the stick and let the puck slide from more than 110 feet and through a gap in a tiny net barely bigger than the puck itself.
A little bit of puck luck put a lot of bucks in the pocket of a Minnesota State University student whose long shot on the ice between periods of a Mavericks home game last week earned her a cool $30,000.
Morgan Ward stood in her winter boots behind the far blue line Friday night on the Mavericks' home ice in downtown Mankato, gripped the stick and let the puck slide from more than 110 feet and through a gap in a tiny net barely bigger than the puck itself.
The 20-year-old from St. Clair, Minn., got free tickets to the game at the Verizon Center and texted a promotional code for the chance to give the challenge a shot.
"I was there with my boyfriend, and he made me text in," Ward, a junior studying business management, said during an interview with KEYC-TV, Channel 12, in Mankato.
Ward added that she wanted her boyfriend to shoot in her place, but "he's like 'Morgan, there's 30 grand on the line, what do you got to lose?' "
Nick Lewis, director of marketing and community engagement for the university's athletic department, said it was the first time for the one-shot challenge.
The city-owne Verizon Center sponsored the contest, but it will be its insurance company that will pay Ward her winnings, Lewis said. | {
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The Products 30011 Clutter - a great product by Tsi Products is the right console. A list of feature attributes are full vinyl wrap with skirt and large storage area. The bench seat console comes in black. The console has got a weight of 10 lbs. To ensure your purchase goes well and everyone comes out satisfied, I'll offer some recommendations prior to buying this bench seat console. Therefore you may not be dissatisfied after buying it and in accordance with the product you require. You will also find cost comparisons from retailers which I found, so that you actually receive the best value currently with this wonderful item.
Package Dim.: Height: 10" Length: 19" Depth: 12.2" | {
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Q: how to hide some field based on the forms.select django i want to hide some fiel when the user will select an option, but when i'm trying to do so, it does not work, i don't know if i forget something in my code or if i make a mistake but i've tried many things and it does not work
in my model i have a choices with "IN" and "Out" so what i want is when OUT is selected some field of my forms to be hidden, else to show the whole form.
here is my model.py
CHOICES = (
("1", "IN"),
("2", "OUT")
)
class addReport(models.Model):
heure = models.TimeField(auto_now_add=True)
mouve = models.CharField(max_length=12, choices = CHOICES)
nom_Visiteur = models.CharField(max_length=26)
fonction = models.CharField(max_length=26)
service = models.CharField(max_length=26)
motif = models.CharField(max_length=26)
phoneNumber = models.CharField(max_length=12, unique= True)
here is my forms.py
from django import forms
from .models import addReport
from django.forms import ModelForm
class PostForms(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = addReport
fields = ('mouve','nom_Visiteur','fonction','service','motif','phoneNumber')
widgets = {
'mouve': forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
'nom_Visiteur': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
'fonction': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
'service': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
'motif': forms.Textarea(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
'phoneNumber': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
}
def __init__(self, data=None, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(data, *args, **kwargs)
# If 'later' is chosen, mark send_dt as required.
if data and data.get('mouve', None) == self.OUT:
self.fields['fonction'] = forms.HiddenInput(),
self.fields['service'] = forms.HiddenInput(),
here is my views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import TemplateView, ListView
from .models import addReport
from .forms import PostForms
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from django.contrib import messages #import messages
from django.contrib.messages.views import SuccessMessageMixin
class CreateProduct(CreateView, SuccessMessageMixin):
model = addReport
template_name = 'home.html'
form_class = PostForms
success_url = "."
success_message = "Votre raport a ete enregistrer"
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
self.request = request
return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
def form_valid(self, form):
obj = form.save(commit=False)
obj.save()
return super().form_valid(form)
and here is my home.html
<div class="h-100 ml-5 mr-5 mb-5 align-items-center justify-content-center mt-5" style="width: 30;">
{% if messages %}
{% for message in messages %}
<div class="text-center alert alert-{{ message.tags}}">
{{ message|safe }}
</div>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-light text-black rounded">
<form method="post" action=" ">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form|crispy }}
<br>
<div>
<button class="btn btn-success" type="submit">
Enregistrer
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
I want the fonction, service fields to be hidden when Out is selected.
Thank you
A: It's probably easiest to do this using javascript. There are various ways of doing this. Here's a simple example. This simply hides and disables some form elements based on the value of some other form element. If you use something like this, you must change the querySelector values to something appropriate for your actual form elements.
(function() {
var mouveSelect = document.querySelector('select[name=mouve]')
function hideFormElementsIfMouveIsOUT() {
var shouldHide = mouveSelect.value === 'OUT'
document.querySelectorAll('[name=fonction], [name=service]')
.forEach(function(element) {
element.style.display = shouldHide ? 'none' : null
element.disabled = shouldHide
// this logging statement is just for showing what the example does
console.log((shouldHide ? 'hide' : 'show'), 'element', element)
})
}
mouveSelect.addEventListener('change', hideFormElementsIfMouveIsOUT)
hideFormElementsIfMouveIsOUT()
})()
<form>
<select name=mouve>
<option>IN</option>
<option>OUT</option>
</select>
<select name=fonction>
<option>A</option>
<option>B</option>
</select>
<input name=service placeholder=service />
<input name=somethingElse placeholder='something else' />
</form>
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Cy-Fair ISD schools placed in secure mode after someone 'threatened safety of students,' district says
HOUSTON, Texas (KTRK) -- Cypress Ranch High School was placed in "secure the building" mode as a precautionary measure after the authorities received a call about someone "threatening the safety of students."
According to an update issued by Cy-Fair ISD, the district's police department dispatch received a call Monday afternoon stating there was a threat in the area of Cypress Ranch High School.
"A thorough search was conducted of both the outside grounds and the inside of the building," said Cy-Fair ISD in the update. "Upon determining that our building was safe and secure, we began a structured dismissal to help our students get out of the building in a safe, orderly fashion."
As a precaution, Warner Elementary and Smith Middle School were also put on secure the building. The investigation is still on going, according to campus police. | {
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Custom edge trim utilized as outside corner of fascia and soffit. When used with plaster, bottom edge functions as a screed.
Custom edge trim utilized as outside trim corner of fascia and soffit. Can be utilized for two sizes of gypsum board. Serves as support leg for acoustical or metal panels.
Custom edge trim can be used as a trim around vertical and horizontal drywall corners.
Custom edge trim provides protective edge. Used at the edges of corners or soffits. Functions as an outside corner screed when used with plaster.
Custom edge trim can be used as a trim around vertical and horizontal corners.
Custom edge trim provides protective edge and develops a reveal. Normally used at the edges of corners of soffits. Functions as an outside corner screed when used with plaster.
Protects synthetic corner without a reveal.
Provides protective curve corner. Used at the edge of soffits or corners. Functions as an outside corner screed when used with plaster.
Provides protection for curved corners. | {
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Q: Converting pygments theme to gvim colorscheme Are there any tools to convert a pygments style definition into a gvim colorscheme?
I found vim2pygments, which converts vim colorschemes to pygments themes, but I haven't found anything doing the inverse. Specifically, I'm using macvim, though I imagine the colorscheme format would be the same for any gvim-derivative (please, correct me if I'm wrong).
A: I haven't come across anything that will automate this process, but it should be very easy to do by hand. Grab an existing colour scheme, stick it in your ~/.vim/colors/ directory and put the colours that are defined in the pygments scheme into the appropriate places.
For example, if you use my colour scheme (which uses a non-standard format to make it more editable) and make it uses the pygments autumn scheme, you could take the line that looks like this:
let ColourAssignment['Function'] = {"GUIFG": '#007777', "CTERMFG": 'Cyan'}
and change it to look like this:
let ColourAssignment['Function'] = {"GUIFG": '#00aa00'}
(I've removed the colour terminal assignment as you've said you're using a GUI and it is thus largely irrelevant).
It shouldn't take very long to go through the whole set. My colour scheme is designed for dark backgrounds primarily (it adjusts colours if you switch to a light background), but it wouldn't be very hard to get rid of this aspect: change the "Normal" highlighting to be black on white rather than white on black and remove the s:MakeDarker function and the bit in the if &background == 'light' block.
Alternatively, you could do a similar thing with the normal syntax highlighting format by taking (e.g.) darkblue.vim and changing (e.g.):
hi ErrorMsg guifg=#ffffff guibg=#287eff ctermfg=white ctermbg=lightblue
and changing it to:
hi ErrorMsg guifg=#aa0000 guibg=#ffffff ctermfg=white ctermbg=lightblue
| {
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IRIs so that I could, for example, annotate them in RDF with metadata.
>> Why not just add one or two new symbol spaces for built-ins?
>> comments in *bold* font in the document.
> That would only work if the set of built-ins were fixed.
Dave, I am talking about *symbol space* not namespace here!
Next message: Mike Dean: "[ADMIN] draft minutes of 19 February 2008 telecon"
Previous message: Dave Reynolds: "Re: [DTB] Datatypes and Built-ins first run to clean up and extend the initial list" | {
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All disputes do not result in litigation and trial. Often, all or some aspects of a dispute can be settled outside of a courtroom. Alternative Dispute Resolution includes mediation and arbitration. It costs less than going to trial and takes less time. Attorneys in our firm act as mediators and arbitrators for Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR).
Drawing on our long history of trial experience, client advocacy and settlement negotiations, our firm is well-positioned to bring about satisfactory results to litigants interested in alternative dispute options. Our attorneys are also mediators and arbitrators who bring years of litigation experience to the table. We serve in court-mandated mediation and arbitration, as well as client-requested alternative dispute resolution.
Campbell Warburton attorney Nick Pastore is also a Special Master. A Special Master is appointed by a judge to oversee one or more aspects of litigation. They may be appointed pre-trial, during trial, or post-trial. As a Special Master, Mr. Pastore can often facilitate creative and innovative solutions and resolve conflicts to the satisfaction of all parties. | {
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Is your child considered 'non-verbal'? Do they have Cerebral Palsy or some other diagnosis that prevents them from speaking? Don't settle for those answers! We specialize in using tangible symbols/voice output devices that will give your child a voice!
Has your child been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder? We can help you navigate this confusing time and provide language therapy to improve their communication (no matter the 'severity').
Is your child labelled a 'late talker'? Are some sounds difficult for your child to say? Does your child sometimes stumble or stutter? We provide speech and language therapy to help them express themselves more effectively.
As a parent, do you have the 'Back to School with an IEP' jitters? Feeling confused about the system and baffled by all of the therapy lingo? We provide organization tips, document decoding, meeting prep and advocacy for your child! Help make the school system work for YOU! | {
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I believe that you can. Whether you are a seasoned parent looking for guidance, a caregiver needing a refresher, welcoming your first baby, or needing a little extra support during the post natal time, I meet you where you are, prepared and ready to guide you through all things parenthood.
I'm Heather - doula and lactation counselor by trade, parent coach by heart. My passion lies in cultivating thriving families of all varieties and I strive to guide you, help you channel your natural intuition, and meet the needs of your family in the most perfectly imperfect way. We're human and we need people. I am here for you.
Many ask me what I do as a parent coach, and the answer is truly so versatile and never ending. Chatting over a cup (or five) of coffee at a prenatal consult, providing new parent education, supporting you during labor, guidance through infant feeding methods, familiarizing families with sleep patterns, discussing school options, preparing for new siblings, and so much more. Parents and caregivers, babies and grade schoolers.
We're in this together. I'm in your corner. Let's connect today. | {
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You are playing Hidden Objects Supermarket. Do not forget to play one of the other great Thinking games at GamesXL.com!
Examine your observing skill by finding the hidden objects which are located in different places. | {
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What the VC firm learned from eBay. At 6-7-1, Cleveland is not yet eliminated from playoff contention. The Browns have the N.F.L.s longest playoff drought.
Our top photos from the last 24 hours. Read full story for latest details. Modern Love in miniature, featuring five reader-submitted stories of 100 words or fewer. The best long-form essays on a brutal year. The ring rain that falls into the gas giant is so abundant that the icy bands could disappear in 300 million years, or even sooner. The bride is studying dental surgery. The groom is an ophthalmologist. | {
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Where's the best place to host DNS?
Anyone have any experience of dedicated DNS hosting providers? I'm looking for a host with servers in multiple countries, with an access panel that gives me full control. Shouldn't be too hard, but after 15 minutes of googling I haven't found anyone who I've heard of before.
You should look at DnsMadeEasy. Works good for us but not sure if it accomplish what you are looking for.
Check 1and1 hosting, I think they do have this, not 100% sure. I only use their dedicated servers for hosting.
I'd have to ditto dnsmadeeasy. Great web interface for management. UltraDNS might be worth a second look, their pricing got a lot less convoluted around the time they were renamed Neustar.biz… Now it's just their brand that's convoluted! | {
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import Viewer from '../src/nucleus';
// Generated by CoffeeScript 1.10.0
describe('Test of nucleus.coffee', function() {
let elements = null;
beforeEach(function() {
elements = [null, null, null];
let results = [];
for (let i in elements) {
elements[i] = window.document.createElement('section');
elements[i].innerHTML = '<animation>' +
' <keyframe target="h1"></keyframe>' +
' <keyframe target="h2"></keyframe>' +
'</animation>';
results.push(window.document.body.appendChild(elements[i]));
}
});
afterEach(function() {
for (let i in elements) {
window.document.body.removeChild(elements[i]);
}
elements = null;
});
it('skips to aspecified page', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
nucleus.skipTo(2);
expect(nucleus.getPageIndex()).to.equal(2);
});
it('fires a keyframe if the page has keyframes', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
let element = elements[0];
nucleus.skipTo(0);
expect(nucleus.nextKeyframe).to.equal(element.querySelectorAll('keyframe')[0]);
nucleus.step();
expect(nucleus.nextKeyframe).to.equal(element.querySelectorAll('keyframe')[1]);
nucleus.step();
expect(nucleus.nextKeyframe).to.be.null;
});
it('moves to a next page if the page has no-keyframes', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
nucleus.skipTo(1);
nucleus.step();
nucleus.step();
nucleus.step();
expect(nucleus.nextKeyframe).to.equal(elements[2].querySelector('keyframe'));
});
it('skips to aspecified page', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
nucleus.skipTo(2);
expect(nucleus.getPageIndex()).to.equal(2);
});
it('skips to next page', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
nucleus.skipTo(1);
nucleus.skipNext();
expect(nucleus.getPageIndex()).to.equal(2);
});
it('skips to previous page', function() {
let nucleus = Libretto.nucleus();
nucleus.skipTo(1);
nucleus.skipPrev();
expect(nucleus.getPageIndex()).to.equal(0);
});
});
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
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De Tweede Coehoornstraat is een straat op de Oostelijke Eilanden in Amsterdam-Centrum. De straat is vernoemd naar Menno van Coehoorn.
De straat, die in 1919 haar naam kreeg, is gelegen tussen de Blankenstraat en de Kraijenhoffstraat in de Czaar Peterbuurt. Ze is nauwelijks twintig meter lang. De toevoeging Tweede gaf aan dat er ook een Eerste Coehoornstraat was en dat deze straat naar Amsterdamse gebruik in het verlengde van of juist parallel aan die straat zou liggen. Dat is hier niet het geval, de straten maken op geen enkele wijze contact met elkaar. De Tweede Coehoornstraat werd een straat zonder huisnummers. Naar het noordoosten kijkt men in de woonblokken van Bastiaan de Greef voor de AVA, destijds een zegen voor het overbevolkte Amsterdam, maar later vervloekt in verband met krapte en verkrotting (jaren 70 en 80). Kijkt men vanuit de straat naar het zuidwesten, ziet men het gebouw en gemeentelijk monument De Engel met het beeld dat naam gaf aan het gebouw.
Straat in Amsterdam-Centrum | {
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-They come in a 5x7 size and are NOT printed on photo paper. They are printed on what is known as PEARL matte paper. It's very thick (almost like cardstock) and has a shimmery, pearl-like finish to it. It's hard to explain but trust me, it's fabulous!
-There are 29 different card designs to choose from. Click HERE to see them.
-You MUST be one of my clients, and you MUST use pictures that I have taken for you. No Exceptions.
-The cards come in increments of 25. Meaning you can order 25, 50, 75, 100 etc. If you only need 40 cards, you would have to order 50.
-The cost is $2.00 per card.
-THE LAST DAY TO ORDER CHRISTMAS CARDS IS NOVEMBER 22, 2008. I CAN MAKE NO EXCEPTIONS ON THIS AS I WILL BE OUT OF THE COUNTRY FOR THE FIRST HALF OF THE MONTH OF DECEMBER AND WON'T BE HERE TO FULFILL ORDERS. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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La maison des hôtes est un édifice situé sur la commune de Faverney dans le département de la Haute-Saône, en France.
Description
Localisation
Historique
Les façades sur rue et la toiture en rapport sont inscrites au titre des monuments historiques en 1969.
Annexes
Liens internes
Liste des monuments historiques de la Haute-Saône
Liens externes
Références
Maison en Haute-Saône
Maison monument historique (France)
Monument historique en Haute-Saône
Monument historique inscrit en 1969 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
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/**
* Media Science Incorporated Confidential
*
* (C) Media Science Incorporated
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions defined in the
* file, 'NOTICE', which is part of this source code package.
*/
package pgmr.com.banjocreek.riverbed.entity;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.EnumMap;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.banjocreek.riverbed.entity.AbstractEntity;
public class EnumKeyEntityEqualityTest {
private Ent control, identical;
private Collection<Ent> diffs;
@Before
public void setup() {
final Map<Field, Object> sdata = Collections
.singletonMap(Field.A, "AA");
this.control = new Ent(sdata);
this.identical = new Ent(sdata);
this.diffs = new ArrayList<>();
this.diffs.add(new Ent(new EnumMap<>(Field.class)));
this.diffs.add(new Ent(Collections.singletonMap(Field.A, "DIFF")));
final HashMap<Field, Object> ddata = new HashMap<>(sdata);
ddata.put(Field.B, "BB");
this.diffs.add(new Ent(ddata));
}
@Test
public void testHashIdentical() {
assertEquals(this.control.hashCode(), this.identical.hashCode());
}
@Test
public void testIdentical() {
assertTrue(this.control.equals(this.identical));
}
@Test
public void testNotEqualArbitrary() {
assertFalse(this.control.equals(new Object()));
}
@Test
public void testNotEqualNull() {
assertFalse(this.control.equals(null));
}
@Test
public void testReflexive() {
assertTrue(this.control.equals(this.control));
}
@Test
public void testRepeatableHash() {
assertEquals(this.control.hashCode(), this.control.hashCode());
}
@Test
public void testSymmetric() {
assertTrue(this.identical.equals(this.control));
}
@Test
public void testUnequal() {
this.diffs.forEach(d -> {
assertFalse("{" + this.control + "} neq {" + d + "}",
this.control.equals(d));
assertFalse("{" + d + "} neq {" + this.control + "}",
d.equals(this.control));
});
}
static class Ent extends AbstractEntity<Field, Object> {
Ent(final Map<Field, Object> data) {
super(data);
}
Map<Field, Object> copyData() {
return Collections.unmodifiableMap(new EnumMap<>(this.data));
}
}
enum Field {
A, B, C;
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
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Where can we use Angular JS?
AngularJS allows you to create single page application.
By using Angular JS, the application developed can be called as RICH Internet Application(RIA) or you can say that the application gives the user a rich and responsive experience.
Application written in Angular JS has a cross-platform adaptability i.e. it can run on all major browsers and smart phones including Android and IOS.
Angular JS doesn't implement MVC in the traditional manner, but something nearer to MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel).
Provides clear separation between Domain Logic and Presentation Layer, which helps you to make changes in any one of them easily without worrying about the other one.
You can remain active and keep moving to new releases rapidly.
Hire Angular JS developers from Quixom Technology to get your web application done. We have worked with organizations all over the globe for their web and mobile apps. You may also go for managed IT services and request a quote from Quixom to develop your Web App using Angular. Fill the form below. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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Earlier as a housewife I was not very confident on running my own school, there were lot of questions. Kidzee helped me through the entire process. It provides a very good platform.
Starting a Kidzee preschool transformed my life. It has helped me with new philosophies, new learnings and new trainings. Holistic learning is the biggest strength of Kidzee and learning is an engaging experience.
copyright ® 2018 Zee Learn Ltd. All rights reserved.
You will recieve a One Time Password (OTP) to your mobile no.
OTP has been send again. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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New Fines for Cyclists: Fair or Excessive?
By ▪︎ Sydney Criminal Lawyers ▪︎ 21/04/2016
With the fine for not wearing one now well over $300, you'd think bike helmets would have quickly become the latest fashion accessory.
New fines that came into force about 6 weeks ago have made cycling in New South Wales potentially more expensive than ever before, if you do the wrong thing.
Under the new system, riding a bike without an approved helmet will rise from $71 to $319, and riding through a red light and not stopping at a pedestrian crossing will both go up to $425 (from $71).
Riding a bike without a bell will now cost $106 (up from $71), and while it has also been proposed that cyclists carry ID, this particular regulation won't be enforced until March 1 next year.
Many cyclists are less than impressed about the new fines, which are a substantial increase on the previous ones. Many believe the high cost of doing the wrong thing will discourage people from cycling, and that the Government is sending counter-productive messages about cycling – which is better for the environment, better for our health and a good way of dealing with the traffic congestion that's choking our major cities.
New South Wales Roads Minister Duncan Gay has defended the new regime, saying the tougher measures are designed to reduce risky behaviour, improve safety, and ensure we work towards creating a road culture where all users respect one another.
The new fines bring cyclists into line with other motorists who do the wrong thing. For example, the 'no helmet' fine is now the same as that for a motorcyclist not wearing legal headgear. The fine for a cyclist running a red light and failing to stop at a pedestrian crossing are now the same as for drivers.
New fines as at March 1, 2016
Offence Fine
No helmet / not an 'approved' helmet $319
Running a red light $425
Not stopping at a Pedestrian Crossing $425
Riding without a warning device (e.g. horn, bell) $106
General fines $106
There is also a new rule for car and truck drivers – they must leave a 1 metre gap when passing a cyclist where the speed limit is 60km/h or less, or 1.5 metres otherwise. Not abiding by this law carries a $319 fine and two demerit points.
Driving a car in a designated bike lane also carries a fine of $177.
Scooters, rollerblades and skateboards
The requirement to wear a helmet when riding a scooter or rollerblades, unicycle or skateboard is a little less clear.
The law defines a pedestrian as including: "a person in or on a wheeled recreational device or wheeled toy" – rollerblades, skateboard, scooter, unicycle or similar wheeled device.
It also says that scooters, skateboards and rollerblades may be ridden on footpaths unless signs specifically prohibit them, but riders must keep to the left and give way to all other pedestrians. These devices cannot be used on the road and it is recommended under the heading 'safety' that users should wear protective headgear, but does not say that helmets are mandatory.
Some motorised contraptions, which straddle a number of different categories such as toy, exercise equipment and/or motorised vehicle, need to be clarified by the RMS, otherwise, the adage 'driver beware' applies as one man found out the hard way.
Sydney man Kane Vato was riding a self-balancing scooter on the road outside his home when stopped by police and threatened with a $2100 fine for riding a device that was not insured and had no licence plates.
Mr Vato was under the impression his scooter was a toy, and the company he purchased it from assured him that riding it is not a traffic offence. Mr Vato nevertheless received a fine in the mail for $637, for riding an unregistered vehicle. He intends to fight the fine in court.
If You Owe Money to Centrelink, Don't Try to Leave Australia
Police Morale at an All-Time Low
Sydney Criminal Lawyers
Sydney Criminal Lawyers® is Australia's Leading Criminal Defence firm, Delivering Outstanding Results in all Criminal and Driving cases. Going to Court? Call (02) 9261 8881 for a Free Consultation.
The Offence of Jaywalking in New South Wales
Cyclists Outraged Over New Laws
Government Ignores Angry Cyclists
Government Says Tough New Penalties Are All About Road Safety
Should Cyclists be Charged in the Same Way As Car Drivers?
How to Get Out of a Red Light Camera Fine in NSW | {
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Cognitive Effects of Oral p38 Alpha Kinase Inhibitor Neflamapimod in Dementia With Lewy Bodies (AscenD-LB)
First Posted : June 28, 2019
Last Update Posted : February 11, 2020
EIP Pharma Inc
Worldwide Clinical Trials
This is a Phase 2, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-principle study of neflamapimod versus matching placebo (randomized 1:1) administered with food for 16 weeks in subjects with DLB. The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of neflamapimod on cognitive function as assessed in a study-specific Cogstate Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB). Secondary endpoints include the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-10), Timed Up and Go Test, and electroencephalogram (EEG) as a potential biomarker for DLB.
Dementia With Lewy Bodies (DLB) Drug: Neflamapimod Phase 2
Official Title: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled 16-Week Study of the Cognitive Effects of Oral p38 Alpha Kinase Inhibitor Neflamapimod in Dementia With Lewy Bodies (DLB)
Estimated Primary Completion Date : June 2020
Estimated Study Completion Date : June 2020
MedlinePlus Genetics related topics: Dementia with Lewy bodies
MedlinePlus related topics: Dementia Lewy Body Disease
Experimental: Neflamapimod
40 mg capsules administered orally, BID or TID with food for 16 weeks; subjects will follow the BID regimen if weighing <80 kg or the TID regimen if weighing ≥80 kg
Drug: Neflamapimod
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled
40 mg matching placebo capsules administered orally, BID or TID with food for 16 weeks; subjects will follow the BID regimen if weighing <80 kg or the TID regimen if weighing ≥80 kg
Composite score of a study-specific Cogstate Neurological Test Battery (NTB) including the Cogstate Letter Fluency Test and Category Fluency Test [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change from Baseline to Week 16 in the composite score of a study-specific Cog-state Neurological Test Battery (NTB), including assessments of attention, executive function, and visuospatial function in neflamapimod treated-subjects as compared to the placebo-treated subjects, as analyzed using the Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM) analysis method. The following six tests will be included in the composite: (1) Cogstate Detection test (DET), (2) Cogstate Identification test (IDN), (3) Cogstate One Card Learning test (OCL), (4) Cogstate One Back test (ONB), (5) Letter Fluency Test, (6) Category Fluency Test (CFT). Each score on the individual tests will be converted to a z-score, and then a total z-score will be calculated, in which each test is weighted equally. The change in total z-score in neflamapimod vs. placebo-recipients will be analyzed. As the analysis is based on z-scores, there is no minimum or maximum value.
Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) score based on semi-quantitative scoring of each domain (box) evaluating cognitive impairment in milder and more progressive forms of dementia, in neflamapimod-treated subjects compared to placebo-recipients. The domain (box) scores will be calculated for a Sum of Boxes score. Secondary efficacy endpoints will utilize the same analysis method and model as the primary endpoint.
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with respect to orientation, memory, concentration, language, and praxis (scores ranging from 0 to 30 with lower scores indicating greater cognitive impairment), in neflamapimod-treated subjects compared to placebo-recipients. Secondary efficacy endpoints will utilize the same analysis method and model as the primary endpoint.
Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-10) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-10) domains, specifically depression (dysphoria), anxiety, hallucinations, and agitation/aggression, in neflamapimod-treated subjects compared to placebo-recipients. Responses indicating subject has a problem with a particular sub-domain lead to questions of the caregiver rating the frequency of the symptoms on a 4-point scale, severity on a 3-point scale, and the distress the symptoms cause them on a 5-point scale. Secondary efficacy endpoints will utilize the same analysis method and model as the primary endpoint.
International Shopping List Test (ISLT) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in International Shopping List Test (ISLT) immediate and delayed recall and recognition will be used to assess episodic memory in neflamapimod-treated subjects compared to placebo-recipients. Secondary efficacy endpoints will utilize the same analysis method as the primary endpoint.
Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) to assess mobility (score of >15 seconds indicates subject has increased risk of falls) in neflamapimod-treated subjects compared to placebo-recipients. Secondary efficacy endpoints will utilize the same analysis method and model as the primary endpoint.
Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
Change in quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) parameters (all waveforms, with particular focus on relative alpha and theta power) with the subject awake in accordance with the 10-20 International System of Electrode placement will be evaluated as a potential biomarker for DLB. Slowing of the dominant frequency band by qEEG over posterior aspects of the brain has been recognized to be prominent in DLB, and various patterns have been identified to differentiate DLB from AD. EEG will be analyzed at an academic center (VU Medical Center, Amsterdam), who will develop the specific parameters during the conduct of the study, and they will specify the analytic approach in the Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) that will be implemented prior to the completion of subject enrollment.
Men and women aged ≥55 years.
Subject or subject's legally authorized representative is willing and able to provide written informed consent.
Probable DLB and identified cognitive deficits, according to current consensus criteria (McKeith et al, 2017), specifically one core clinical feature and a positive DaTscan. If a negative DaTscan, but the subject has historical PSG-verified RBD, the subject would also qualify.
MMSE score of 15-28, inclusive, during Screening.
Currently receiving cholinesterase inhibitor therapy, having received such therapy for greater than 3 months and on a stable dose for at least 6 weeks at the time of randomization. Except for reducing the dose for tolerability reasons, the dose of cholinesterase inhibitor may not be modified during the study.
Normal or corrected eye sight and auditory abilities, sufficient to perform all aspects of the cognitive and functional assessments.
No history of learning difficulties that may interfere with their ability to complete the cognitive tests.
Must have reliable informant or caregiver.
Diagnosis of any other ongoing central nervous system (CNS) condition other than DLB, including, but not limited to, post-stroke dementia, vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), or Parkinson's disease (PD).
Suicidality, defined as active suicidal thoughts within 6 months before Screening or at Baseline, defined as answering yes to items 4 or 5 on the C-SSRS, or history of suicide attempt in previous 2 years, or, in the Investigator's opinion, at serious risk of suicide.
Ongoing major and active psychiatric disorder and/or other concurrent medical condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, might compromise safety and/or compliance with study requirements.
Diagnosis of alcohol or drug abuse within the previous 2 years.
Poorly controlled clinically significant medical illness, such as hypertension (blood pressure >180 mmHg systolic or 100 mmHg diastolic); myocardial infarction within 6 months; uncompensated congestive heart failure or other significant cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, liver, infectious disease, immune disorder, or metabolic/endocrine disorders or other disease that would interfere with assessment of drug safety.
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >2 × the upper limit of normal (ULN), total bilirubin >1.5 × ULN, and/or International Normalized Ratio (INR) >1.5.
Known human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, or active hepatitis C virus infection.
Participated in a study of an investigational drug less than 3 months or 5 half-lives of an investigational drug, whichever is longer, before enrollment in this study.
History of previous neurosurgery to the brain.
If male with female partner(s) of child-bearing potential, unwilling or unable to adhere to contraception requirements specified in the protocol.
If female who has not has not reached menopause >1 year previously or has not had a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy/salpingo-oophorectomy, has a positive pregnancy test result during Screening and/or is unwilling or unable to adhere to the contraception requirements specified in the protocol.
Show 24 study locations Hide 24 study locations
University of California San Diego (UCSD)
La Jolla, California, United States, 92037
Pacific Neuroscience Institute
Santa Monica, California, United States, 90404
United States, Colorado
Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
United States, Florida
Elite Clinical Research
Miami, Florida, United States, 33144
United States, Kansas
Kansas City, Kansas, United States, 66103
United States, Massachusetts
Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States, 02129
United States, Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48105
Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
Cleveland Clinic - Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health
Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89106
New York Presbyterian Hospital - Columbia University Medical Center
Rochester, New York, United States, 14618
United States, North Carolina
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599
Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
Summit Research Network
Oregon Health & Science University
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22908
National Clinical Research, Inc.
Northwest Clinical Research Center
Bellevue, Washington, United States, 98007
Inland Northwest Research
Spokane, Washington, United States, 99202
Brain Research Center
Study Director: John Alam, MD EIP Pharma
Responsible Party: EIP Pharma Inc
Other Study ID Numbers: EIP19-NFD-501
First Posted: June 28, 2019 Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: February 11, 2020
Last Verified: August 2019
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: No | {
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Weber Group
What is scanning force microscopy?
Advanced scanning force microscopy
reaching the highest possible resolution
We are an interdisciplinary group of scanning force microscopy (SFM) enthusiasts, constantly exploring the limits of this fascinating microscopy method. The goal is to understand the underlying physics of nanoscale systems. One focus is on novel photovoltaic materials and devices (so-called perovskite solar cells). Here we developed new methods to study the potential distribution across the different layers of a operating solar cell device. Furthermore, we were the first to report the existence of ferro-elastic domains in perovskite films.
To explore the limits of SFM, we developed a low-noise microscope. This setup is optimized for operation in liquid media and can map the surface topography with atomic resolution. Furthermore, it provides a very flexible platform for the fast implementation of new operation modes including electrical or photothermal excitation or multifrequency excitation and detection. Using this microscope we want to explore fundamental mechanisms of molecular interactions at solid-liquid interfaces.
Low-noise SFM (from left to right): comparison of noise amplitude as a function of frequency on a commercial SFM and our homebuilt SFM (image in the middle). 3D topography reliefs of the atomic structure of a calcite surface and the molecular structure of a DNA Origami sample (courtesy of T. Weil, MPI-P).
...if until now you did not understand a single word
A scanning force microscope, often also called atomic force microscope (AFM) is a device that detects the forces between a tiny and very sharp tip and a sample surface. These forces originate from the interaction of the atoms in the tip apex and the atoms on the sample surface, e.g. via electrostatic and van-der-Waals forces. By raster-scanning the surface, the SFM can "feel" the structure underneath the tip and the surface topography can be reconstructed.
To detect these forces, the tip is positioned at the end of a rectangular silicon beam called cantilever that is much smaller that a human hair (see image below). Any force on the tip deflects the beam up or down. This deflection is detected by a laser beam that is reflected from the backside of the silicon beam. The limit for the noise detection is the noise in the deflection signal. This noise has two contributions:
Detector noise: Noise caused by fluctuations in the laser intensity and the electronic noise in the detector. This contribution can be significantly reduced by the SFM design as demonstrated in the noise graph above.
Thermal noise: thermal fluctuations let the cantilever vibrate (the two broad peaks in the noise graph above). This noise sets the fundamental detection limit for a given cantilever.
I am constantly looking for highly motivated people for bachelor-, master- and PhD projects and postdocs, ideally with knowledge or experience in the fields of scanning probe microscopy, perovskite solar cells, programming and electronics. However, right now, there are no free positions available in my group. If you are still interested, you should apply for external funding. I am happy to help with the application process(a good starting point is here: DAAD Scholarship database).
Stefan Weber
MPI for Polymer Research, Physics of Interfaces
Ackermannweg 10
Tel.: +49 6131 379-115
Contact: Stefan Weber, MPI for Polymer Research,
Physics of Interfaces, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz;
email [email protected]; Tel.: +49 6131 379-115
Imprint , Privacy Policy
Design adapted from ExMachina by TEMPLATED;
All images: © Stefan Weber | {
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Look good and live fast in these Metal Mulisha Die Hard socks. These socks are made of 90% Cotton, 9% Polyester and 1% Elastane and are 10" tall. Featuring a jacquard corporate helmet on outside view and a contrast toe and heel. Available in white or black. | {
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R. Newell Searle in autonomy, blogging, Daily prompt, historic sites July 5, 2016 Aside
Autonomy and the Risk of Anarchy
Today is dedicated to celebrating liberty and our independence from British oppression. Besides backyard barbeques, there are many earnest recitations of the Declaration of Independence, political speeches, and idealized stories about American patriots. The pageantry is a celebration of the American credo about the people's rights—the autonomy or liberty—to live as they see fit. Balancing individual autonomy with social order goes to the heart of America's argument with itself since 1776. The American Revolution continues because our high-minded ideals are in conflict with the supremely murky human motives that pit us against ourselves.
My ancestors lived in Vermont during the Revolution and their experiences highlight how easily autonomy can slide into anarchy. From 1761 until 1791, Vermont was an unorganized no-man's land called the "Hampshire Grants" claimed by the colonial governments of New York, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. It served the French and Indians as a backwoods staging area for raids on New England.
Arlington, VT, the town the Searle's established.
In 1761, after 125 years in Massachusetts and Connecticut, John, Reuben, Lemuel, and Gideon Searle along with 58 other men secured 25,000 acres in the 'Hampshire Grants' from New Hampshire's royal governor. The grantees called it Arlington, chose John Searl as the town moderator, and levied taxes for surveys and roads. Several years later, New York's royal governor granted 26,000 acres covering the same land to New Yorkers. When New York surveyors showed up in 1769 and 1771, a armed men with New Hampshire patents drove off the surveyors. New York captured and tried nine men represented by Ethan Allen but, finding no justice in court, Allen organized an armed force called the "Green Mountain Boys" that included Gideon Searl Sr. and Jr. The local Committees of Safety used the militia to run off New York claimants, surveyors and sheriffs.
Ethan Allen, opportunist, leader, and speculator.
During the low level conflict with New Yorkers in the political vacuum of the 'Hampshire Grants,' Ethan Allen, Gideon Sr. and Jr., and others took advantage of Vermont's autonomy to speculate in land. Gideon Sr. and Jr. also secured interest in a New York grant given to British Major Phillip Skene at the end of Lake Champlain. At the same time, Skene and Ethan Allen schemed at creating a new province extending across northern New York from the Connecticut River to Lake Ontario. The plan died in1775 when Skene rejoined the British army and Allen's militia captured Ft. Ticonderoga. Allen had two aims: drive the British out of the Lake Champlain Valley to show solidarity with the colonies and create a potential bargaining chip with the British.
Fort Ticonderoga, gateway to Lake Champlain
In the face of the war, and to protect their holdings, Allen and his allies proclaimed the republic of Vermont in 1776 with a constitution, an organized government, troops, and control over the Loyalists. In this chaotic period, many men saw and seized opportunities for personal gain. Vermont's government set up courts of confiscation to seize and sell Crown and Loyalist property to fill the Vermont treasury. When William Searle, Gideon's brother, confiscated Loyalist property on his own, the Vermont Council of Safety found him guilty of illegally keeping the property and ordered him to pay the government. Gideon was more prudent, however, and bought confiscated properties from the state in several locations during the lulls in his four years of militia service.
The Green Mountain Boys, Gideon Searl's regiment.
The Republic of Vermont sent delegates to the Continental Congress in 1777 but New York opposed them because of the over-lapping boundary claims between Vermont and New York. Southern states and states with competing claims also opposed Vermont's admission. Meanwhile, Ethan Allen opened negotiations with Britain in 1781 to reunite with it but the talks ended in 1783 when Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown. Vermont remained autonomous until 1791, when it joined the United States along with Kentucky.
With the end of hostilities , Gideon Jr., John Jr., Reuben, Lemuel and William Searl petitioned the Vermont Assembly in 1781 to establish a township and grant them title to "a Certain Vacant Tract of unappropriated Land" south of Lake Champlain within a part of New York claimed by Vermont. It was a politically opportunistic move that Vermont's government declined. When the State of New York sent its militia to enforce the border it claimed inside Vermont, a larger force of Vermont militia, including Gideon Sr., met them at the border. Both sides backed away from open conflict at the last minute.
Gideon Sr. and Jr. moved from Arlington to Whitehall, New York, in 1782 and settled on the land they originally leased from Skene at the end of Lake Champlain. They owned adjacent farms, operated a sawmill on Castle Creek, and held various local offices, including assessor. Not until 1815 did negotiations resolve the issues of the New York-Vermont border and conflicting land titles.
The Revolutionary War was a messy affair unlike the idealized picture of a continent populated by selfless, armed patriots opposed to British oppression. It is estimated only a third of the American colonists supported Independence, another third opposed it (Loyalists), and the remainder were indifferent. My ancestors' experience was typical of the times. They seized great opportunities with near total autonomy but the excessive autonomy threatened to become anarchy in the absence of an effective government.
This lesson is worth remembering in our restive times. Our current political struggles over the limits of governmental authority and personal autonomy have hardened into absolute positions that defy compromise. The political paralysis of our current divisions points to several dangers as grave as the anarchy in Vermont—the lack of a broad social contract, a Congress incapable of acting effectively on matters of great national importance, an executive extending its authority to act in the place of Congress, and a sharply divided court. The partisan electoral system is corrupted by money, serves the interests of powerful groups and produces broadly unpopular candidates at least one of whom slyly condones if not inspires mob-violence. It's our nation's 240th anniversary, and these are truly the times that try people's souls.
Hampshire Grants
Republic of Vermont
You don't need a tour guide
Silence and Solitude | {
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Today, I finally decided to get a Vimeo account for my videos (yes i do videos too, for events and anything). Its better for portfolio and stuff. More professional looking and less crowded over all.
Thanks to Fitz for the advice.
At the moment, I only have 2 videos uploaded there (Joel and Daisy's Prenup Vid and Save the Date vid), but there will be more in the coming days. | {
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We encourage faith communities to focus on a different health topic each month. Here you will find "tool kits" with materials designed to help develop monthly health related activities and generate conversation.
We want to help your faith community organize health screenings, cooking demonstrations, and workshops for the mind, body, and spirit. Apply today so we can begin working together to plan your next event!
Send a quick note with any questions or comments you have using the form below.
Thanks for your message about Saving Lives! We'll be in touch soon. | {
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"St. Augustine has seen a lot of change during the last five years," said Greg Goldstein, a bartender at the newly opened Ice Plant Bar and Restaurant, which symbolizes the recent leap as much as anything.
The two-story, concrete-walled building opened in the early 1900s as a power plant. It soon became an ice plant, which it remained for 50 years before being shuttered. Last year it reopened with dual trendy purposes: on one side, a sleek restaurant/bar with a Prohibition-era feel. On the other side sits a distillery with ambitious growth plans. The town is abuzz over its old ice plant and all that it means: high-concept food and cocktails available until 2 a.m., made with spirits distilled under the same roof and all in a stunning old building.
The Ice Plant (http://www.iceplantbar.com) is a notable development in a town best known for its past but increasingly embracing the present. To be sure, history remains a prime attraction in St. Augustine, just as it is in neighbors such as Savannah, Ga., and Charleston, S.C. The historic district includes ample buildings dating back hundreds of years, but mixed in with all the yesteryear are late-night cocktail lounges and beer bars, an eclectic food scene and a chain of gourmet ice-pop shops.
With so much diverse tourism — you're likely to overhear any number of international languages — St. Augustine has the feel of a town several times larger than it is. (It's also large geographically speaking.) The city is tourist-friendly, with hop-on-and-off trolleys snaking through the tidy streets and the kinds of things vacationers want: T-shirt shops, ghost tours, and restaurants and bars open into the evening, often featuring some guy with an acoustic guitar singing Beatles songs into the night air.
Seated in a small boat in a creek along British Columbia's west coast, a handful of people awaited a paradox they would remember forever: the sighting of a black bear with white fur.
But there also are the newer, more innovative offerings, like the Corazon Cinema and Cafe (http://www.corazoncinemaandcafe.com), a recently opened art-house movie theater that serves sandwiches, wine and beer. Or St. Augustine Distillery Co. (http://www.staugustinedistillery.com), which opened last year and, as of this writing, makes gin and vodka, with rum and whiskey to come. Free tours are given every half-hour and include mini-cocktails mixed on the spot. The distillery opened in March 2014, and already, the tour has become a staple of visiting the city; I attended one in the middle of a Wednesday afternoon, and it was nearly full.
Of course, the best way to soak in any town is to walk, and that's especially true of St. Augustine's old town. Those historic brick streets date to the 16th century; the first construction was about 50 years after Spanish explorers landed on the coast, in 1565. Today it is a charming patchwork of narrow streets that evoke a PG-rated version of New Orleans' French Quarter with worn, stucco buildings and balconies jutting above the pedestrians.
Casa Monica opened as a hotel in 1888, was converted to a courthouse, then reopened as a hotel in 1999.
Though there are no original buildings because of a fire that leveled much of St. Augustine, there is plenty of history: three-block Aviles Street, which the town claims as the oldest street in America; Castillo de San Marcos, the oldest masonry fort in the United States (it dates to the 1600s and was controlled both by the Spanish and English before passing into American hands); and the oldest Catholic parish in the nation.
The Lightner Museum (http://www.lightnermuseum.org) is another historic gem, housed in an old hotel built in 1887 that is home to wondrous gems collected during the Gilded Age: a fossilized dinosaur egg, an 1870 grand piano that belonged to an Italian opera singer and a stuffed lion given to Winston Churchill to commemorate his "magnificent victories in North Africa." The museum also features what was the world's largest indoor swimming pool, though today it is a restaurant.
Spending all your time looking at old things, however, misses one of the joys of the Florida coast: the coast. St. Augustine is lined with miles of wide beach. At the northern edge sits Anastasia State Park (http://www.floridastateparks.org/park/Anastasia), 1,600 beachfront acres that for me included a unique little hike through what once were beachfront dunes but have become a thick forest marked with oaks and evergreens. To dive even deeper into nature, check out St. Augustine Eco Tours (http://www.staugustineecotours.com), which offers kayaking and bird-watching among other activities.
Of course, the ultimate local experience is zip-lining over a pit of alligators and crocodiles, and you can do that very thing at the St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park (http://www.alligatorfarm.com).
St. Augustine's recent leap is clearest on its food landscape. You can choose from new and modern (The Ice Plant and fresh-catch fish restaurant Catch 27), old-school Southern (fried shrimp and Minorcan clam chowder rule at O'Steen's, Aunt Kate's Restaurant and Barnacle Bill's) and upscale Continental (Michael's Tasting Room serves Spanish-inspired food, and Bistro de Leon is run by a fifth-generation French chef who incorporates local produce into traditional fare).
About a mile west of the old city, Present Moment Cafe (http://www.thepresentmomentcafe.com) stands alone in St. Augustine as a restaurant specializing in raw and vegan food. It's an ideal detox after all that fried shrimp — plus, the vegan desserts almost taste "real." Also keep an eye out for the datil, a spicy pepper with a hint of sweetness that is grown in and around St. Augustine and appears on many menus in various forms.
St. Augustine is home to a robust hotel scene that essentially boils down to three varieties: historic, beachfront and B&Bs. Highlights include Casa Monica (http://www.casamonica.com), which was built as a hotel in 1888, converted to the county courthouse, closed and then reopened as a hotel in 1999. Castillo Real (http://www.castilloreal.com) is a boutique hotel on St. Augustine Beach that is decorated in a Mediterranean style. Those seeking modernity on a budget should check out Jaybird's Inn (http://www.jaybirdsinn.com), which is a couple of miles from the old city but newly remodeled and offers free bicycle loaners.
More information: http://www.floridashistoriccoast.com. For info on the anniversary Sept. 4-8, visit http://www.staugustine-450.com/celebrate450.
Treasury Street is one of the oldest streets in St. Augustine.
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You can examine the results of our analysis for sfluysa.org below.
When we test the opening speed of sfluysa.org, it is 230 ms. to switch between pages. As well.
When we looked at the sfluysa.org pages, we found that no google analytics was used.
Our engineers did not find any Description line for the sfluysa.org domain. We recommend you review the page detail.
Our engineers did not find any Keywords line for the sfluysa.org domain. We recommend you review the page detail. | {
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Amplifica Capital 'wants to be the fund that LatAm's female tech founders reach out to first'
Christine Hall
Anna Raptis, founder and CEO at Mexico-based venture capital firm Amplifica Capital, was always someone who's been "interested in facilitating economic development."
Born in Australia, she followed that lead, holding positions with the United Nations and the World Bank, spending two decades working in the energy sector. That's what ultimately brought her to Mexico: a focus on providing access to clean, safe and reliable energy as a way to help the country develop and improve people's lives.
Her background in investing in building and developing investment opportunities, along with a notion to change the narrative around the lack of female tech entrepreneurs in Mexico, was what pushed her into venture capital.
She started out investing as an angel and in a couple of funds to learn more, with a focus on companies looking to solve important problems in Latin America.
"There are so many challenges, which means there are so many opportunities," Raptis told TechCrunch. "Through investing in tech in Latin America, we can really make a difference in people's lives."
Raptis started Amplifica in 2020, the name inspired by the thesis of "celebrating, magnifying and amplifying the success of female founders in the region."
In fact, her focus is on what she called "gender lens investing," a concept driven by the notion that you can get better returns through investing in diversity. Amplifica invests mainly in teams where there are female founders or co-founders or goods and services focused on women. If a founder is not a woman, she does look deeper at the leadership team and to see what policies and practices they have in place supporting women.
"I was very inspired by a lot of women in the U.S. building similar funds because I haven't seen anything like this," she added. "These women showed me what was possible, and we know that when women see others have success it motivates them to think they can have a try."
Raptis is a solo general partner working with a staff of five and began raising capital for her first fund, which recently closed with $11 million in capital commitments, exceeding its $10 million target. This fund has nearly 100 investors, including Mexico Ventures (a joint venture between Fondo de Fondos and Sun Mountain Capital); Grupo Herdez; Maria Ariza, CEO of BIVA; Melanie Devlyn, CEO of Devlyn Holdings; Daniel Undurraga and Oskar Hjertonsson, founders of Cornershop; and Loreanne Garcia co-founder of Kavak.
She explained that there are a lot of new funds in Mexico, but believes Amplifica's success in raising money was because its focus on female founders is unique.
However, that aspect was also what made it a challenge, she recalls.
"People were skeptical because this is something that people had not seen in Mexico before," Raptis said. There were a lot of questions around that, like, 'Is Mexico really ready for a fund like this?' and what would it mean to be investing in women in tech."
Amplifica has invested in 10 companies so far, including inter-city mobility services startup Kolors, Verqor, focused on agricultural financing for inputs, and Mujer Financiera, an Argentine company providing tools for financial inclusion for women. In addition, Raptis wants to invest in 10 to 15 more companies in the next two years.
"We've had a lot of support from the VC ecosystem in Latin America, and we want to be the fund that the best female entrepreneurs in tech, in Latin America, reach out to first," she added.
Female founders are making a buzzing, venture-backed comeback
Russian missile wrecks block as EU leaders visit Kyiv
A Russian missile has destroyed an apartment building in the eastern Ukrainian city of Kramatorsk, killing at least three people before top European Union officials arrived in Kyiv for talks seen as key to Ukraine's pivot towards the West.Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskiy vowed more anti-corruption measures as authorities continued raids before the meetings with the EU, reflecting his determination to show that Kyiv can be a reliable steward of billions of dollars in aid. | {
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Few days, Economic Times had insulted the Army chief Bipin Rawat by making cartoon on his illegal immigrants remark. After this many people criticized Economic times as well as cartoonist Mr R Prasad.
Your Cartoon on (my Chief of Army Staff and) the Chief of the Army Staff of the second largest Army in the world is hopelessly distasteful, downright repugnant and flawed on the following counts.
1. A guard at the housing society is not responsible for the territorial integrity of the housing society but COAS is responsible for the territorial integrity of the Republic of India!!
5. Last but not the least the guard at the housing society has not taken an oath to serve the Union of India, observe and obey all commands of the President of India even to the peril of his live. COAS and his men will save both the constitution and the Editorial staff of Economic Times even at the cost of certain death so that you live in free India and exercise your FoE with Impunity!!
A hurt serving officer of Indian Army!!
PS. Mr R Prasad, please don't take advantage of the fact that the COAS has curtailed human rights and limited fundamental rights whereas you as a cartoonists enjoy full compliment of constitutional rights along with fruits of freedom which the COAS has provided you at the cost of his and his men's life. Please show some character and don't brutalise the honour of the only organisation that not only keeps the nation together but keeps it "First" always and every time!! And yes illegal migrants must be deported forthwith because you and your ilk do not understand National Security and business of war fighting just as I and my tribe does not understand the business of making cartoons!!
Lt. Col. Sandeep Ahlawat is serving officer in Indian Army. Previously, He had sent a legal notice to Twinkle Khanna and Akshay Kumar when they wanted to auction the "Original Naval Officers Uniform" that Akshay Kumar had worn in movies Rustom. The star couple had to withdraw the auction after Col Ahlawat's objection.
Lt Col Sandeep Ahlawat, a serving Indian Army Officer took strong exception to Twinkle Khanna's desire to auction "original Naval Officer's uniform" worn by her husband in a film. Lt Col Ahlawat says "It's a matter of honour". Who do you stand with?
Thank you so much sir for responding.. More power to officers like you..
You can connect with him on Facebook by clicking here and twitter by clicking Here. | {
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TfL funding for street-improvement trials
Four innovative street schemes to be trialled for wider use across London
"Given the growing pressures on our road network to move people and goods, and tackle air pollution, we need to be evermore inventive in how we use our limited road space. These worthy winners are just a few examples of how we are trailing new approaches that could bring big benefits to roads across the city"
Isabel Dedring
Deputy Mayor for Transport
TfL's Future Streets Incubator fund creates iconic public spaces and reduces congestion
Sparking innovation and creative use of limited street space, the fund is part of the Mayor's Road Modernisation Plan
Four innovative schemes that will transform streets in the Capital have been awarded grants as part of Transport for London's (TfL's) Future Streets Incubator Fund.
The fund, which is one element of the Mayor's £4bn Road Modernisation Plan, has been created to encourage creative and more effective uses of the Capital's limited road space and help alleviate the pressures on the network.
By funding original on-street projects, it is designed to trigger innovation that will lead to long-term improvements across London, addressing congestion, overcrowding, air quality and noise pollution.
The latest projects to receive TfL funding include an intelligent street to generate energy and improve air quality near Oxford Street, an innovative boardwalk to improve a traffic-dominated rat-run in Southwark, a noise-absorbing system to improve an underpass of the A12 and a novel delivery service to reduce vehicles on the Capital's roads.
Previously-funded projects have included temporary parks and seating through the Ealing Parklet and Team London Bridge's Fresh Air Squares and Westminster's e-tag parking.
Deputy Mayor for Transport, Isabel Dedring, said:
'Given the growing pressures on our road network to move people and goods, and tackle air pollution, we need to be evermore inventive in how we use our limited road space. These worthy winners are just a few examples of how we are trailing new approaches that could bring big benefits to roads across the city.'
Following the award, TfL will now work with the successful bidders to deliver the latest round of projects later this year. They include:
Creating an 'Intelligent Street' in the West End; Bird Street - a traffic-free space off Oxford Street - will be transformed with a range of cutting-edge technologies designed to generate energy from the sun and pavement movement, and potentially improve air quality. Materials in roofs, canopies and pavements would generate the energy, and would be integrated into an enjoyable public space that will prioritise pedestrians and cyclists. This project will be delivered by the New West End Company.
Using a flexible boardwalk to transform Lavington Street in Southwark into a pedestrian boulevard; an innovative new boardwalk system will be used to widen the path as one-way traffic is trialled on the traffic-dominated rat run. The boardwalk will include plants and greenery and points of interest drawn from the Southwark Local History Library, encouraging more people to walk and cycle safely through the area. This project will be delivered by Better Bankside, with the boardwalk system commissioned through an invited design and build competition.
Creating an innovative noise-absorbing barrier to protect residents near the A12 Blackwall Tunnel; a new noise-absorption material will be trialled at the A12 underpass between Empson Street and Gillender Street to create a more attractive barrier that incorporates a green wall with integrated watering system. The project will investigate the potential for reducing the impact of noise and air pollution from major roads on local communities, as well as testing methods for reducing surface water on the A12. This project will be delivered by the Poplar Housing and Regeneration Community Association and London Borough of Tower Hamlets.
Consolidation of deliveries to businesses within Holborn, Bloomsbury and St Giles; a central platform for ordering everyday items like milk and newspapers will allow consolidated deliveries to be made using electric vehicles or cargo bikes to up to 320 local businesses. The new consolidation service, delivered by the Inmidtown BID, could reduce vehicle miles by 81 per cent per year and achieve an annual 60 per cent reduction in delivery-related greenhouse gas emissions.
Richard De Cani, TfL's Managing Director of Planning, said:
'The fabulously creative and innovative ideas we are funding as part of the Incubator Fund capture the spirit of turning London's streets into places for all to enjoy and work to deliver the vision of the Mayor's Roads Task Force. By trialling new ideas we are able to look to the future at how we can make our roads and public spaces work better for everyone.'
Steve Medway, Managing Director Trading Environment, New West End Company (NWEC), said:
'London's West End is one of the most vibrant and exciting shopping destinations in the world, attracting millions of shoppers each year. This funding will enable us to provide a beautiful oasis for shoppers and residents to enjoy in the heart of our Capital city, trialling some of the newest clean air technology, as part of our continued aim to improve air quality in the West End.'
Peter Williams, CEO, Better Bankside, said:
'Future Streets will make it possible to trial, in a creative and innovative way, the transformation of Lavington Street SE1 from a traffic cut through to pleasant pedestrian route for Bankside workers and visitors to the area alike. We look forward to developing and implementing this exciting project with our local businesses, residents and TfL. We hope it can be solution that can then be applied more widely in Bankside and elsewhere in London.'
Paul Augarde, Head of Creativity & Innovation for Poplar HARCA, said:
'We are thrilled to have secured funding for the first stage of our 'A12:Green Mile' project alongside the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and University of East London. The funding will allow us to design, implement, monitor and test a series of initiatives around noise attenuation, reduction in air pollution, and environmental enhancement along one of London's busiest roads - making Poplar a cleaner, greener and better place to live.'
Tass Mavrogordato, CEO of InMIdtown, said:
'Funding for our project to create a consolidated delivery booking service for business essentials using electric vehicles will help to radically reduce deliveries in the InMIdtown area from over 5,000 trips per day to just over 1,000, reducing congestion and CO2 emissions by over 60 per cent. This will have a hugely positive impact to Holborn, Bloomsbury and St Giles and reduce congestion, overcrowding and improve air quality.'
TfL established the fund in 2014 to invest in creative and original on-street projects and inspire bright ideas to help make the Capital's streets fit for the future. Schemes are delivered in partnership between TfL and the successful bidders and the trials have the potential to be expanded across London.
It is just one part of the Mayor's Road Modernisation Plan to radically transform the way the Capital's roads and public spaces are used. The £4bn plan is the largest investment in the Capital's roads in a generation and includes an unprecedented £1bn investment in cycling, new major projects to transform dozens of key junctions across the city, the rollout of world-leading technological innovations to get more capacity out of the road network, and an urgently-needed maintenance and renewals programme for London's aging road network.
The Future Streets Incubator forms part of the wider work TfL is carrying out across London to deliver the recommendations of the Mayor's Road Task Force. This independent body brought together a wide range of interests and expertise, united in the belief that the capital needs a long-term strategy for roads and a commitment to major investment in street management and urban design. For more information visit https://tfl.gov.uk/travel-information/improvements-and-projects/future-streets-incubator.
The Roads Task Force includes members from: The Greater London Authority, Transport for London, the Chartered Institute of Logistics & Transport, Living Streets, IBM, Sustrans, University College London (UCL), London First, London TravelWatch, London Councils, Motorcycle Action Group (MAG UK), the Independent Disability Advisory Group, British Land, the RAC Foundation, City of London, and Cyclists in the City.
The Roads Task Force challenged TfL to pursue regulatory changes to overcome existing barriers to innovation and trialling new approaches. TfL will work closely with the Department for Transport and local highways authorities where appropriate to progress these schemes.
For more information about the Mayor's Roads Task Force, visit https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/publications-and-reports/roads-task-force. | {
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Student Curated Exhibitions
Wriston Art Galleries
The Wriston Art Galleries regularly feature student-curated exhibitions. Supervised by faculty from all across campus, student research and other curatorial work happens as part of a class project, in an independent study, or through an internship experience.
Interior Navigation
Interdisciplinary Connections
Manufacturing American Women
Charlie Wetzel '23 and Emma Goodman '23 curated an exhibition on the ways early 20th-century print publications created a performative consumer culture in the United States. Understanding consumerism as a deeply gendered pastime, this exhibition includes women's magazines from the Jackson Collection and examples of the gendered consumer objects featured in their advertisements. (Winter 2022)
Edward Penfield, Harper's March, March 1896, Color lithograph, 2018.03.89
Dreams of the Floating World: 15 Views of Tokugawa Japan
15 students in LU History Professor Brigid Vance's Early Modern Japanese History course co-curated this exhibition using prints in the collection. The title of the exhibition references Hiroshige's (1797-1858) famous woodblock prints "One Hundred Views of Edo." The students selected, analyzed, matted, framed, and arranged the woodblock prints and wrote the exhibition texts. (Winter 2017)
Utagawa Hiroshige I, Flower Pavilion, Dango Slope, Sendagi, from One Hundred Famous Views of Edo, c. 1856, color woodblock print, 36.096
Music & Manuscripts: An Interdisciplinary Exploration
This exhibition featured student research on manuscripts in the collection with music and other non-textual elements. The students explored the chemical make-up of the inks, the provenance and history of the bound texts, liturgical uses of different manuscript forms, and also transcribed and performed the music as part of their studies into these objects. (Winter 2019)
Close up of Raman microscope emitting light on Nelson MS 1, illuminated manuscript, likely German, c. 1525, 2016.10
Tosun Bayrak: Plaster Casts and the Essence of Artistic Reproduction
Shania Johnson '22 curated this exhibition using Lawrence University's collection of plaster casts of Islamic calligraphy and architectural elements. Ms. Johnson interrogates the privileged status of the original in the study of art and also explores the unusual career of Turkish artist Tosun Bayrak. (Fall 2020)
Tosun Bayrak, Tughra (calligraphic monogram) of Sultan Wahdeddin (Original at the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum, Istanbul), plaster, cast before 1973, 73.004.02
Interested in receiving emails about Wriston news and events? Contact [email protected].
613 East College Avenue, Appleton, WI 54911
711 East Boldt Way, Appleton, WI 54911
[email protected]
Open during exhibitions
Saturday - Sunday, 12pm - 4pm
Galleries are free and open to the public and located in the Wriston Art Center. | {
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Nursery & Pre-Prep
Tongswood House
/*! This file is auto-generated */
Saint Ronan's is set in the 249 acre Tongswood estate. This estate proudly boasts some of the most picturesque Wealden countryside and is, without doubt, a very adventurous place to be young. The centre-piece of the estate is the imposing and impressive Tongswood House, a rambling Victorian mansion which is listed because of its architectural and local historical significance. The Prep School is based in the main mansion, where the former reception rooms and bedrooms of the 'old house' have been converted into classrooms or dormitories.
The Pre-Prep and Music departments are housed in the purpose-built Harris Building. Our sports centre, The Founder's Hall, was opened in 2010 and an Astro added in 2015. The Nursery and Science laboratories are in the elegant Stable Block and the former 'Power House', historically used for generating electricity, has been converted to provide an extensive centre for DT and Art. The Children's Farm, sited in the Old Orchard, is much enjoyed, as is the Forest School in Tongswood itself.
If you wish to enquire about admissions, please add all requested information into the message box below. All other enquiries can be asked here also.
A wonderful school providing children with truly magical experience. So happy we made decision to send our daughter there. We just wish she could have stayed there longer.
Maja BT
Saint Ronan's is the best decision we ever made for our son. It is the most magical place, and the teaching and facilities are second to none. Most importantly, the kids are extremely happy. We feel very lucky to be part of such a wonderful school.
Siân W
Clara B
Saint Ronan's School
Saint Ronan's School is a traditional co-educational Nursery, Pre-Prep and Prep School for children aged 3 to 13, with a distinguished history and an excellent academic record. It is a family school with an informal and happy atmosphere where staff are approachable and mud unremarkable
Moving to Kent?
Kent TN18 5DJ
© 2021 Saint Ronan's School - Design by Charlie Sinclair & Coding Terry Stickney
Parents Staff Office 365 Foldr
[email protected] | {
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Prada Minimal Baroque Gradient Sunglasses Brown make any wearer the focus in the crowd for the unique and attractive Baroque design. The well designed frame structure not only looks fashionable, but also stress-resistant as well to offer you comfortable fit all the time. The Prada sunglasses with perfect workmanship are on big discount at Prada Outlet Store to excite every customer.Detail:Round frame structureMinimal Baroque modelGradient lensesMetal lettering logoLightweight for all-day comfortIncreased glare reduction and UV filteringColor: BrownPrada Minimal Baroque Gradient Sunglasses Red in strong Minimal Baroque are definitely one of the most favorable sunglasses online. The excellent Prada Online Store offering big discount and fast shipment satisfies you in all aspects definitely. | {
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The portion of the littoral system that is always submerged.
Those currents which flow roughly parallel to the shore and constitute a relatively uniform drift in the deeper water adjacent to the surf zone. These currents may be tidal currents, transient, wind-driven currents, or currents associated with the distribution of mass in local waters.
For navigational purposes, the term is used to designate a current in coastwise shipping lanes where the tidal current is frequently rotary.
Assessment of the total risk due to all possible environmental inputs and all possible mechanisms. | {
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Home > Polls > Politics > Who was a better president, Reagan or Clinton?
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Who was a better president, Reagan or Clinton?
Posted by: texans14
Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American actor and politician. He was the 40th President of the United States. Prior to his presidency, he served as the 33rd Governor of California.Born and raised in small towns in Illinois, Reagan graduated from Eureka... College and then worked as a radio broadcaster. In 1937 he moved to Hollywood, where he began a career as an actor, first in films and later television. Reagan served as President of the Screen Actors Guild and later as a spokesman for General Electric; his start in politics occurred during his work for G.E. Originally, he was a member of the Democratic Party, but due to the parties' shifting platforms during the 1950s, he switched to the Republican Party in 1962.After delivering a rousing speech in support of Barry Goldwater's presidential candidacy in 1964, he was persuaded to seek the California governorship, winning two years later and again in 1970. He was defeated in his run for the Republican presidential nomination in 1968 and in 1976, but won both the nomination and general election in 1980, defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter.As president, Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives more
Ronald Reagan - Voter Comments
StevenJD says2014-07-23T10:54:00.4885823-05:00
Both presidents were successful in running our nation unlike the last two of our presidents (bush and obama).
Vote & Comment
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton is an American politician who served from 1993 to 2001 as the 42nd President of the United States. Inaugurated at age 46, he was the third-youngest president. He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the fi... rst president from the baby boomer generation. Clinton has been described as a New Democrat. Many of his policies have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance. Before becoming president, he was the Governor of Arkansas for five two-year terms, serving from 1979 to 1981 and from 1983 to 1992. He was also the state's Attorney General from 1977 to 1979.Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton became both a student leader and a skilled musician. He is an alumnus of Georgetown University, where he was a member of Kappa Kappa Psi and Phi Beta Kappa and earned a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford. He is married to Hillary Rodham Clinton, who served as United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013 and who was a Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009. Both Clintons received law degrees from Yale Law School, where they met and began dating more
Bill Clinton - Voter Comments
Seido says2014-07-10T23:19:57.3121146-05:00
Well, let's see. Clinton brought on one of the largest periods of growth in American history, led the country with liberal values, was intelligent, and a man of the people. On the down side though, he did cheat on his wife and then lied about it. Reagan, on the other hand, brought on an immense amount of inequality, got involved in scandals such as the Iran-Contra affair, assisted in the deregulation of the private sector (particularly banks) which led to the crash of 2008, and created a form of economics (Reaganomics) that doesn't actually work when put into practice. On the up side though, he did say "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!", which didn't really effect the court of events of the Cold War but certainly makes for an awesome quote. I'm pretty sure that if anyone actually looks at what the two presidents actually did, and the consequences thereof, instead of just looking at the issue on blind faith, they'll come to the conclusion that Clinton was the better president.
discomfiting says2014-07-10T23:22:27.1189146-05:00
Reagan raised the national debt from 900 billion to $2.8 trillion because of reaganomics. Bill Clinton's economic plan created a surplus. Reagan committed high treason, funding terrorists and put Saddam in office with his pro-intervention policies compared to Bill that lied about getting head lol and rarely intervened in other countries. Socially, he isn't left enough but he's not left than reagan, so another win for personal responsibility. Reagan was awful and people only liked him because he's a charismatic religious white guy that invades personal freedoms and other couturiers.
Splenic_Warrior says2014-07-10T23:36:19.0687965-05:00
The worst thing I have to say about Clinton is that he lied about sex. Reagan deregulated, and then deregulated some more. Oh, and he also raised taxes.
(Maximum 900 words)
SweetTea says2014-07-11T04:31:42.9935896-05:00
Wow! This is a tough choice. I voted for both of these men. Reagan was truly the last Republican President who cared about the Middle Class. But Reagan's real strength seemed to be foreign policy. He wasn't always perfect with it. Still, it was much better than his domestic decisions. Clinton lead America into the last great era of prosperity that we had. He literally campaigned, back in '92, saying, "It's the Economy, stupid!" That was so true. Reagan had set us on the path of recovery, from the 80's recession. Still, the country wasn't quite there. Interest on homes was awful. I distinctly remember 11% for a fixed rate. On new cars, interest rates went as high as 16%. Ouch! Then, under Bush 41, we seemed to be slipping back into a recession. Clinton took reins on the economy & this country really took off. In my lifetime (and I'm 54), it was the BEST years for financial growth. Everybody did well. The Poor found a path out of poverty. The Middle Class really thrived. The Rich got a lot richer. In foreign policy, he had multiple successes too. So, I'd have to say Clinton was the most effective overall. Now, if we are going to compare character, the Gipper wins hands-down! http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/reagan/section8.rhtml, http://millercenter.org/president/clinton/essays/biography/5
Haroush says2014-07-11T06:53:28.3012487-05:00
I think Sweet Tea has a better assessment of the information in this poll than others...
At the same, Bill Clinton's surplus was only temporary because most of the surplus I would argue came from the dot com era of the 90's. Or in other words internet.
Right about now, we need a super president! Someone who has their Phd or something. Or perhaps someone who has had military experience, but also has experience with engineering and running a company. Meaning, we need a modern day Renaissance person to be our president at this point. Someone with the IQ as high as Einsteins or higher.
People have to remember Bill Clinton was responsible for Barney Frank and Freddie Mac.
Craighawley215 says2014-07-11T07:45:45.6040623-05:00
I'd like to see Rob Riggle or Mike Rowe make a real push in politics. Both seem like very down to earth guys, with a good combination of real world experience and charisma.
Haroush ... The computer industry did drive a lot of the growth in the 90's, but it doesn't equate to being totally responsible for the boom. As for Freddie Mac, the idea wasn't bad & it was created in 1970 (long before Clinton was Governor of Arkansas). Is Clinton's administration responsible for the housing collapse? Actually, policies by both Clinton & Bush are to blame. The real problem is greed. Greed IS bad. During Bush 41's administration, there was a huge collapse of S&Ls in America. A third of them failed -- over 1,000 banks! It robbed taxpayers of about $160B! What caused the problem? Well ... It was a toxic combination of deregulation (signed by Carter in 1980), Tax Reform Act of 1986 (signed by Reagan) and greed. The world of finance is like babysitting. None are truly mature enough to be left alone to do the right thing. It's like leaving a filled cookie jar on the table with the kids playing nearby ... You can say "just 1" but you can bet somebody will go for the second cookie, the third, or however many they can hold! Http://www.Theatlantic.Com/business/archive/2011/12/hey-barney-frank-the-government-did-cause-the-housing-crisis/249903/
Well , you know what I was talking about... The reforms Bill Clinton did with Barney Frank and Freddie Mac.
Preston says2014-07-11T09:07:16.2335187-05:00
Clintons "Surplus" as in something that didn't exist, but was instead projected, such a joke of a reason to think hes a good president.
No, Preston, we very much so did have a surplus of our deficit. Every year we were generating more money than we were losing. The projection was the surplus of our debt.
A surplus that wasn't ever achieved, infact when he left there was no surplus
FYI ... Http://www.Factcheck.Org/2008/02/the-budget-and-deficit-under-clinton/
FFYI http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2011/07/deficits
Places-Travel (485)
©2020 Debate.org. All rights reserved.
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InteractiveFly: GeneBrief
Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich: Biological Overview | References
Gene name - Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich
Synonyms - Sparc
Cytological map position - 97D3-97D3
Function - basal lamina assembly
Keywords - calcium ion binding, extracellular matrix, basement membrane, hemocytes, mesoderm, oogenesis
Symbol - BM-40-SPARC
FlyBase ID: FBgn0026562
Genetic map position - chr3R:22694954-22697738
Classification - SPARC_Ca_binding: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine Ca binding region
Cellular location - cytoplasmic and secreted
NCBI link: EntrezGene
BM-40-SPARC orthologs: Biolitmine
Recent literature
Isabella, A. J. and Horne-Badovinac, S. (2015). Dynamic regulation of basement membrane protein levels promotes egg chamber elongation in Drosophila. Dev Biol [Epub ahead of print]. PubMed ID: 26348027
Basement membranes (BMs) are sheet-like extracellular matrices that provide essential support to epithelial tissues. Recent evidence suggests that regulated changes in BM architecture can direct tissue morphogenesis. The Drosophila egg chamber transforms from a spherical to an ellipsoidal shape as it matures. This elongation coincides with a stage-specific increase in Type IV Collagen (Col IV) levels in the BM surrounding the egg chamber. This study identified the Collagen-binding protein SPARC as a negative regulator of egg chamber elongation and shows that SPARC down-regulation is necessary for the increase in Col IV levels to occur. SPARC was found to interact with Col IV prior to secretion and it is proposed that, through this interaction, SPARC blocks the incorporation of newly synthesized Col IV into the BM. A decrease was observed in Perlecan levels during elongation, and Perlecan was shown to be a negative regulator of this process. These data provide mechanistic insight into SPARC's conserved role in matrix dynamics and demonstrate that regulated changes in BM composition influence organ morphogenesis.
Hartley, P. S., Motamedchaboki, K., Bodmer, R. and Ocorr, K. (2016). SPARC-dependent cardiomyopathy in Drosophila. Circ Cardiovasc Genet [Epub ahead of print]. PubMed ID: 26839388
The Drosophila heart is an important model for studying the genetics underpinning mammalian cardiac function. The system comprises contractile cardiomyocytes, adjacent to which are pairs of highly endocytic pericardial nephrocytes that modulate cardiac function by uncharacterized mechanisms. This work aimed to identify circulating cardiomodulatory factors of potential relevance to humans using the Drosophila nephrocyte-cardiomyocyte system. A Kruppel-Like Factor 15 (dKlf15) loss-of-function strategy was used to ablate nephrocytes and then heart function and the hemolymph proteome were analysed. Ablation of nephrocytes led to a severe cardiomyopathy characterized by a lengthening of diastolic interval. Rendering adult nephrocytes dysfunctional by disrupting their endocytic function or temporally-conditional knock-down of dKlf15 led to a similar cardiomyopathy. Proteomics revealed that nephrocytes regulate the circulating levels of many secreted proteins, the most notable of which was the evolutionarily conserved matricellular protein SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine), a protein involved in mammalian cardiac function. Finally, reducing SPARC gene dosage ameliorated the cardiomyopathy that developed in the absence of nephrocytes. The data implicate SPARC in the non-cell autonomous control of cardiac function in Drosophila and suggest that modulation of SPARC gene expression may ameliorate cardiac dysfunction in humans.
Vaughan, L., Marley, R., Miellet, S. and Hartley, P. S. (2017). The impact of SPARC on age-related cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in Drosophila. Exp Gerontol. PubMed ID: 29032244
Tissue fibrosis, an accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen, accompanies cardiac ageing in humans and this is linked to an increased risk of cardiac failure. The mechanisms driving age-related tissue fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction are unclear, yet clinically important. Drosophila is amenable to the study of cardiac ageing as well as collagen deposition; however it is unclear whether collagen accumulates in the ageing Drosophila heart. This work examined collagen deposition and cardiac function in ageing Drosophila, in the context of reduced expression of collagen-interacting protein SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) an evolutionarily conserved protein linked with fibrosis. Heart function was measured using high frame rate videomicroscopy. Collagen deposition was monitored using a fluorescently-tagged collagen IV reporter (encoded by the Viking gene) and staining of the cardiac collagen, Pericardin. The Drosophila heart accumulated collagen IV and Pericardin as flies aged. Associated with this was a decline in cardiac function. SPARC heterozygous flies lived longer than controls and showed little to no age-related cardiac dysfunction. As flies of both genotypes aged, cardiac levels of collagen IV (Viking) and Pericardin increased similarly. Over-expression of SPARC caused cardiomyopathy and increased Pericardin deposition. The findings demonstrate that, like humans, the Drosophila heart develops a fibrosis-like phenotype as it ages. Although having no gross impact on collagen accumulation, reduced SPARC expression extended Drosophila lifespan and cardiac health span. It is proposed that cardiac fibrosis in humans may develop due to the activation of conserved mechanisms and that SPARC may mediate cardiac ageing by mechanisms more subtle than gross accumulation of collagen.
Duncan, S., Delage, S., Chioran, A., Sirbu, O., Brown, T. J. and Ringuette, M. J. (2020) . The predicted collagen-binding domains of Drosophila SPARC are essential for survival and for collagen IV distribution and assembly into basement membranes. Dev Biol. PubMed ID: 32087195
The assembly of basement membranes (BMs) into tissue-specific morphoregulatory structures requires non-core BM components. Work in Drosophila indicates a principal role of collagen-binding matricellular glycoprotein SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic, Rich in Cysteine) in larval fat body BM assembly. This study reports that SPARC and collagen IV (Col(IV)) first colocalize in the trans-Golgi of hemocyte-like cell lines. Mutating the collagen-binding domains of Drosophila SPARC led to the loss of colocalization with Col(IV), a fibrotic-like BM, and 2(nd) instar larval lethality, indicating that SPARC binding to Col(IV) is essential for survival. Analysis of this mutant at 2(nd) instar reveals increased Col(IV) puncta within adipocytes, reflecting a disruption in the intracellular chaperone-like activity of SPARC. Both SPARC mutants exhibited altered fat body BM pore topography. Wing imaginal disc-derived SPARC did not localize within Col(IV)-rich matrices. This raises the possibility that SPARC interaction with Col(IV) requires initial intracellular interaction to colocalize at the BM or that wing-derived SPARC undergoes differential post-translational modifications that impacts its function. Collectively, these data provide evidence that the chaperone-like activity of SPARC on Col(IV) begins just prior to their co-secretion and demonstrate for the first time that the Col(IV) chaperone-like activity of SPARC is necessary for Drosophila development beyond the 2(nd) instar.
BIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
SPARC is an evolutionarily conserved collagen-binding extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein whose morphogenetic contribution(s) to embryonic development remain elusive despite decades of research. This study used Drosophila genetics to gain insight into the role of SPARC during embryogenesis. In Drosophila embryos, high levels of SPARC and other basal lamina components (such as network-forming collagen IV, laminin (see Laminin A and Laminin B1) and perlecan) are synthesized and secreted by haemocytes, and assembled into basal laminae. A SPARC mutant was generated by P-element mutagenesis that is embryonic lethal because of multiple developmental defects. Whereas no differences in collagen IV immunostaining were observed in haemocytes between wild-type and SPARC-mutant embryos, collagen IV was not visible in basal laminae of SPARC-mutant embryos. In addition, the laminin network of SPARC-mutant embryos appeared fragmented and discontinuous by late embryogenesis. Transgenic expression of SPARC protein by haemocytes in SPARC-mutant embryos restored collagen IV and laminin continuity in basal laminae. However, transgenic expression of SPARC by neural cells failed to rescue collagen IV in basal laminae, indicating that the presence of collagen IV deposition requires SPARC expression by haemocytes. A previous finding that haemocyte-derived SPARC protein levels are reduced in collagen-IV-mutant embryos and the observation that collagen-IV-mutant embryos showed a striking phenotypic similarity to SPARC-mutant embryos suggests a mutual dependence between these major basal laminae components during embryogenesis. Patterning defects and impaired condensation of the ventral nerve cord also resulted from the loss of SPARC expression prior to haemocyte migration. Hence, SPARC is required for basal lamina maturation and condensation of the ventral nerve cord during Drosophila embryogenesis (Martinek, 2008).
Metazoan radiation gave rise to a complex variety of organisms with distinctive body plans, adaptations and survival strategies. This necessitated the co-evolution of specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules capable of forming elaborate matrices that provide tissues with their unique biomechanical, biochemical and functional properties. Among the most ancient ECM molecules are those that comprise the basal lamina, a specialized, cell-surface-associated ECM sheet underlying epithelial and endothelial cells and surrounding muscle, neural and adipose tissues. In addition to serving as adhesive substrata for cell adhesion and migration, basal laminae regulate signal transduction pathways through interactions with cell-surface receptors, such as members of the integrin superfamily. Whereas the molecular complexity of basal laminae varies among tissues, the most broadly distributed components include laminin, collagen IV, perlecan, nidogen and SPARC. Mammalian genomes encode six genetically distinct collagen IV α chains. The major embryonic and most broadly distributed isoform of collagen IV is a heterotrimer composed of two α1(IV) and one α2(IV) chain, designated as α1(IV)2α2(IV). The folding and maturation of collagen IV is dependent on molecular chaperones such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident 47-kDa heat shock protein (HSP47). Even though embryonic expression of collagen IV begins in mouse embryos at day 5 post-coitus, mutations in collagen IV do not lead to developmental arrest until embryonic day (E) 10.5-11.5 (Poschl, 2004). Since embryonic lethality is coincident with the onset of muscle contractions, it has been hypothesized that collagen IV is required at this stage of development to provide tensile strength to basal laminae, enabling them to withstand contractile forces associated with embryonic movements (Yurchenco, 2004). However, the underlying cause of lethality is likely to be more complex because dynamic interactions exist between collagen IV and other basal laminae components that affect multiple signaling pathways during embryogenesis (Martinek, 2008).
SPARC is a 32-35 kD Ca2+-binding matricellular glycoprotein whose modular organization is phylogenetically conserved (Martinek, 2002). Biochemical studies indicate that SPARC binds to several collagenous and non-collagenous ECM molecules, including a Ca2+-dependent interaction with network-forming collagen IV (Maurer, 1997: Rosenblatt, 1997). The binding of SPARC to collagen IV might serve to concentrate SPARC in a subset of embryonic basal laminae and basal lamina EHS tumors. However, studies indicate that SPARC is either associated with the plasma membrane or concentrated at the interface between epithelial and basal lamina (Hunzelmann, 1998: Kim, 1997: Sage, 1989). Whereas the precise role of SPARC in vertebrate basal lamina assembly and maturation is poorly understood, in vivo studies indicate that the stability of the lens capsule is compromised in SPARC-null mice (Yan, 2002). The lens capsule (hereafter referred to as a basement membrane) is a continuous thick avascular collagen-IV-rich specialized basal-lamina-like matrix that surrounds the lens. In SPARC-null mice, cataract formation is preceded by disruptions in the ultrastructural organization of capsular collagen IV and laminin networks. Coincident with the altered matrix organization is the presence of filopodia-like cellular extensions in the lens capsule derived from cells that form the lens capsule (Martinek, 2008 and references therein).
SPARC is an integral component of most embryonic laminae in invertebrates. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, SPARC protein is distributed in basal laminae body wall and sex muscles and overlaps with the distribution of collagen IV (Fitzgerald, 1998). The reduction of SPARC protein production by RNA interference results in embryonic and larval lethality. Previously studies have shown that SPARC is a component of embryonic basal laminae in Drosophila (Martinek, 2002). In collagen-IV-α1-mutant embryos, the level of SPARC immunostaining within haemocytes was dramatically decreased and present at very low levels in the basal laminae. This study now reports that inhibition of SPARC expression in Drosophila leads to several developmental anomalies, impaired ventral nerve cord (VNC) condensation and the absence of collagen IV from haemocyte-derived embryonic basal laminae (Martinek, 2008).
SPARC is required for normal embryonic development in Drosophila. In the absence of SPARC, haemocyte-derived collagen IV is not observed in basal laminae during mid- to late embryonic development. The absence of collagen IV leads to discontinuous laminin distribution during late embryonic development, indicative of decreased basal lamina stability. That SPARC selectively affects the presence of collagen IV in basal laminae is further supported by data demonstrating that collagen-IV-mutants have phenotypic similarities to SPARC-mutant embryos (Martinek, 2008).
Studies using vertebrates and invertebrates have shown that laminin is the first basal lamina component to be expressed and secreted during embryonic development. The expression and deposition of laminin along cell surfaces are promoted by its binding to cell-surface receptors such as α1-integrin and β-dystroglycan. In SPARC-mutant embryos, the association of laminin with cell surfaces is unaffected until late embryogenesis, a stage in development when collagen IV and SPARC have been integrated into basal laminae of wild-type embryos. In support of the proposal that the discontinuous laminin network observed in SPARC mutants is because collagen IV is absent from the basal lamina, discontinuous laminin networks are also observed in late-stage collagen-IV-mutant embryos. Laminin networks are likewise disrupted in mouse and C. elegans mutants that lack the expression of collagen IV (see Poschl, 2004). The data indicate that the compromised structural integrity of the laminin network is probably owing to the absence of collagen IV in basal lamina rather than a molecular interaction between SPARC and laminin. However, the presence of a thicker laminin network in lens capsules of SPARC-null mice might reflect a more complex relationship between laminin and SPARC (Martinek, 2008).
Molecular interactions have not been demonstrated between SPARC and perlecan or nidogen, two other universal components of basal laminae. The current data indicate that absence of SPARC does not affect the distribution of perlecan and nidogen in basal laminae during embryogenesis. A potential explanation is that nidogen and perlecan do not form extended crosslinked polymers such as laminin and collagen IV. Hence, they are expected to be less susceptible to distortion by mechanical forces associated with late embryonic development. Another possibility is that, whereas perlecan and nidogen bind to, and bridge with, laminin and collagen IV, their interactions with transmembrane receptors promotes pericellular associations that are independent of laminin and collagen IV networks (Martinek, 2008).
Whereas the current data indicate that SPARC and collagen IV are integral components of the majority of embryonic basal laminae in Drosophila, no SPARC was detected in basal laminae overlying the dorsal vessel and somatic muscles of wild-type embryos, which suggests that molecules other than SPARC promote the deposition of collagen IV molecules in these basal laminae. Interestingly, pericardial cells only express the α2 chain of collagen IV, raising the possibility that the basal lamina overlying the dorsal vessel is composed of collagen IV α2 homotrimers. Adding to the complexity of this basal lamina, Pericardin, a collagen-IV-like ECM molecule is also required for proper dorsal vessel formation (Chartier, 2002). Hence, diverse regulatory factors and mechanisms are likely to control collagen IV deposition and/or stability during development, consistent with cumulative data indicating that the precise molecular composition and function of basal laminae varies between tissues and at different stages of development (Martinek, 2008).
A direct Ca2+-dependent interaction has been demonstrated between collagen IV and the EC domain of SPARC. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a striking evolutionary conservation of amino acids in the EC domain essential for collagen binding in organisms ranging from nematodes to mammals. Site-directed mutagenesis of these conserved amino acids results in a loss of binding between SPARC and collagen triple helices (Maurer, 1995: Mayer, 1991: Martinek, 2002: Martinek, 2007: Pottgiesser, 1994). Since this study has demonstrated that the presence of collagen IV in basal laminae requires SPARC, whether mutations in collagen IV generate a similar phenotype as SPARC mutants was examined to further substantiate their proposed interrelationship (Martinek, 2008).
This study partially characterized alleles of the gene encoding the α1 subunit of collagen IV (DCg1412 and DCgl234) and a deficiency line that lacks both collagen IV genes (Df(2L)sc19-8). Mutant embryos homozygous for collagen IV show reduced protein expression of collagen IV and, similar to SPARC-mutant embryos, are embryonic lethal. As in SPARC-mutant embryos, ventral cuticle holes are observed in these collagen-IV-mutant embryos; however, the holes are smaller in the latter. In both SPARC- and collagen-IV-mutants, tracheal integrity is also compromised. A major function of collagen IV is to provide tensile strength to basal laminae, a biomechanical contribution that increases in importance during late embryogenesis due to an increase in the frequency and strength of muscle contractions. The discontinuous laminin network surrounding the ventral nerve cord and other organs by late embryogenesis in collagen IV and SPARC mutants is probably due to the absence of collagen IV from basal laminae (Martinek, 2008).
A similarity between SPARC-mutant and collagen-IV-mutant embryos during late embryogenesis is the absence of VNC condensation. VNC condensation has been shown by a variety of genetic approaches to be dependent on the deposition of collagen IV in basal laminae and on electrical conductivity (Olofsson, 2005). Hence, failure to undergo VNC condensation in SPARC-mutant embryos is probably because of the absence of collagen IV from basal lamina surrounding the VNC. Whereas the molecular and cellular events regulating VNC condensation are poorly understood, intracellular signaling events are affected by integrins binding to collagen IV during late embryogenesis (Fessler, 1989). These data suggest both a biomechanical and regulatory role for collagen IV that is crucial in VNC condensation. Transgenic expression of SPARC in haemocytes and glia (under the control of gcm-GAL4) as well transgenic expression only in haemocytes (under the control of SrpHemo-GAL4) in a SPARC mutant background, restored the presence of collagen IV in the basal lamina surrounding the VNC, but did not promote its condensation. The combined data indicate that SPARC plays a role in neural patterning that is independent of its contribution to the deposition of collagen IV in basal laminae (Martinek, 2008).
The coexpression of SPARC and collagen IV in haemocytes, combined with the direct demonstrated biochemical interactions (Maurer, 1995: Mayer, 1991: Pottgiesser, 1994), raises the possibility that SPARC and collagen IV form a complex in the ER that promotes the proper folding and secretion of collagen IV. In support of this hypothesis, the presence of collagen IV in basal laminae is restored when haemocyte expression of SPARC is rescued transgenically. Ectopic expression of SPARC by neuroblasts or glia in SPARC-mutant embryos does not induce collagen IV expression by neural and glial cells, nor does it induce the presence of haemocyte-derived collagen IV in basal laminae. Whereas collagen IV and SPARC colocalize in basal laminae of tissues that do not express either protein, their coexpression by haemocytes appears to be required for their proper integration into basal laminae (Martinek, 2008).
The data indicate that inhibition of SPARC expression leads to the absence of collagen IV in the basal laminae during Drosophila embryogenesis, without affecting the secretion and deposition of the other major basal lamina components. The combined data raise the possibility that SPARC functions intracellularly to promote correct folding and secretion of collagen IV and/or its stability in basal laminae during Drosophila embryogenesis. Consistent with a collagen-chaperone-like activity is the recent report that SPARC affects the processing of fibrillar collagen I at the plasma membrane, which could in part account for the distinct collagen phenotype between wild-type and SPARC-null mice (Rentz, 2007). Moreover, it is also possible that collagen IV is not properly assembled extracellularly into a stable network and is therefore rapidly degraded by matrix remodeling proteases. Whereas this possibility cannot be discounted on the basis of the current data, proteases capable of selectively degrading collagen IV during Drosophila embryogenesis have yet to be identified. Moreover, as stated above, the secretion of SPARC by non-haemocyte cells does not rescue the association of collagen IV with basal laminae, which indicates that the formation of a stable collagen IV network is not generated by an extracellular interaction with SPARC. Whereas a potential role for SPARC in regulating the maturation of collagen IV in extracellular membrane compartments cannot be eliminated, the vesicular colocalization of SPARC and collagen IV in haemocytes is indicative of an intracellular functional relationship (Martinek, 2008).
The folding, assembly and processing of collagens from cells via the secretory pathway is dependent on molecular chaperones. Misfolded or incompletely assembled proteins are retained in the ER and are eventually targeted for degradation. In vertebrates, heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47) is a 47 kD collagen-specific protein that binds to and promotes the maturation of collagen molecules (Ishida, 2006: Marutani, 2004: Nagata, 2003). In the absence of Hsp47, both fibril-forming collagen I, and network-forming collagen IV secretion and assembly into matrices are severely compromised, leading to embryonic lethality at ES10.5-ES11.5 in mice (Marutani, 2004). Immunoelectron microscopy shows that collagen IV accumulates within the dilated ER of mutant cells. The accumulation of misfolded or unfolded protein within the ER activates an ER-stress response, in which the expression of molecular chaperones is induced. In Hsp47-null mouse embryos, massive apoptotic cell death occurs just before the death of the embryo at ES10.5. Collagen molecules that bypass the ER-quality control in mouse Hsp47-null fibroblasts and embryonic stem (ES) cells show increased sensitivity to protease degradation, indicative of incorrectly folded procollagen molecules (Marutani, 2004: Matsuoka, 2004). Since an Hsp47 ortholog is not encoded by invertebrate genomes, it is possible that one or more alternative chaperones ensure correct collagen assembly, maturation and secretion (Martinek, 2008).
Studies have indicated that the basal lamina components are highly conserved in metazoans. These data and findings from other laboratories indicate that a functional relationship between SPARC and collagens is also evolutionarily conserved. Analyses of SPARC-null mice demonstrate that SPARC affects the supramolecular assembly of both network and fibrillar collagens (Bradshaw, 2003: Norose, 2000: Sangaletti, 2003). Two months after birth, SPARC-null mice develop early onset cataracts, which suggest of a role for SPARC in lens transparency (Gilmour, 1998). Ultrastructural analysis of the lens capsule revealed that cellular extensions from the lens epithelium penetrate and invade the overlying basal lamina, and that the lens capsule contains an altered distribution of collagen IV and laminin (Yan, 2002). Therefore, the early onset cataracts observed in SPARC-null mice probably result from compromised assembly and stability of the lens basal lamina. The data indicate that, in Xenopus, decreased SPARC expression during embryogenesis also leads to the formation of cataracts (Martinek, 2008).
In this study it was observed that early loss of SPARC expression in SPARC-mutant embryos and SPARC knockdown using da-GAL4 prior to haemocyte migration produces a variety of patterning defects within the developing nervous system that cannot be rescued by SPARC expression in haemocytes. Moreover, loss of tracheal, fat-body and ventral-epidermal integrity were observed by the end of embryogenesis together with disorganized neurons and glia. These observations suggest that SPARC has a non-cell-autonomous role in the development of the CNS that impacts on guidance of muscles, neurons, glia and the tracheal system (Martinek, 2008).
The novel neural phenotype observed in SPARC-mutant embryos points to a role for SPARC in CNS patterning that is independent of collagen IV. This is not surprising in light of vertebrate studies that lend strength to the idea that SPARC is a multifunctional glycoprotein with both extracellular and intracellular functions (Martinek, 2008).
Drosophila SPARC is a self-protective signal expressed by loser cells during cell competition
During development and aging, animals suffer insults that modify the fitness of individual cells. In Drosophila, the elimination of viable but suboptimal cells is mediated by cell competition, ensuring that these cells do not accumulate during development. In addition, certain genes such as the Drosophila homolog of human c-myc (dmyc) are able to transform cells into supercompetitors, which eliminate neighboring wild-type cells by apoptosis and overproliferate, leaving total cell numbers unchanged. This study identified Drosophila Sparc as an early marker transcriptionally upregulated in loser cells that provides a transient protection by inhibiting Caspase activation in outcompeted cells. Overall, the unexpected existence of a physiological mechanism is described that counteracts cell competition during development (Portela, 2010).
This study describes the existence of a physiological mechanism that counteracts cell competition. Evidence is provided that dSPARC is a specific marker of cell competition, and not a general marker of apoptosis. Transcriptional activation of dsparc sets a higher threshold for Caspase activation in loser cells, possibly by inactivating an unknown secreted Killing Signal (KS), which is produced upon survival factor withdrawal. dSPARC is not a general inhibitor of apoptosis, despite its potent inhibition of cell competition-induced cell death. dSPARC may allow useful cells to recover from transient and limited damage before they are unnecessarily eliminated by their neighbors. These results show that dSPARC and Flower (Fwe) function in parallel and opposing pathways during cell competition, with dSPARC providing transient protection, whereas the 'Fwe Code' promotes cell elimination by labeling cells as 'losers'. Therefore, it seems likely that during early stages of cell competition, the decision of whether the potential loser cell will finally undergo apoptosis or not is still reversible. This intermediate state, where dSPARC protects outcompeted cells, may prevent the removal of valid cells that suffer only a temporary fitness deficit. However, if the differences in cellular fitness persist and/or are too ample, cell competition-induced apoptosis is, nevertheless, triggered (Portela, 2010).
One possibility is that secreted dSPARC blocks the unknown KS(s) directly in the extracellular space. dSPARC could bind directly to the KS(s) or just form a matrix that serves as a barrier for the KS(s) to reach the loser cells. The other possibility is that dSPARC could activate a protective pathway in an autocrine way that counteracts the effects of the KS. For example, mammalian SPARC has been shown to protect cells from apoptosis in vitro via activation of integrin-linked kinase and AKT. The identity of the killing cell(s) is not yet known (Portela, 2010).
If cell competition is conserved in mammals, this role of dSPARC specifically repressing cell competition may have important consequences for understanding of mammalian development, homeostasis, stem cell replacement, or cancer. In particular, deregulation of this mechanism is likely to be important in cancer, for example by allowing metastatic cells to survive in a new environment or during the expansion of cancerization fields (Portela, 2010).
Loss of SPARC dysregulates basal lamina assembly to disrupt larval fat body homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster
SPARC is a collagen-binding glycoprotein whose functions during early development are unknown. It was previously reported that SPARC is expressed in Drosophila by hemocytes and the fat body (FB) and enriched in basal laminae (BL) surrounding tissues, including adipocytes. This study sought to explore if SPARC is required for proper BL assembly in the FB. SPARC deficiency was found to lead to larval lethality, associated with remodeling of the FB. In the absence of SPARC, FB polygonal adipocytes assume a spherical morphology. Loss-of-function clonal analyses revealed a cell autonomous accumulation of BL components around mutant cells that include Collagen IV (Col IV), Laminin and Perlecan. Ultrastructural analyses indicate SPARC-deficient adipocytes are surrounded by an aberrant accumulation of a fibrous extracellular matrix. These data indicate a critical requirement for SPARC for the proper BL assembly in Drosophila FB. Since Col IV within the BL is a prime determinant of cell shape, the rounded appearance of SPARC-deficient adipocytes is due to aberrant assembly of Col IV (Shahab, 2014).
The emergence of multicellular organisms was co-incident with the appearance of genes coding for extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules that gave rise to two major classes of ECMs: interstitial matrices and basal laminae (BL)/basement membranes. In contrast to vertebrate tissues where interstitial matrices predominate, BL are the principal ECMs in animals of lower phyla. Universal components of BLs include network-forming Collagen IV (Col IV), Laminin, Perlecan, and Nidogen, which are assembled into 2D sheet-like networks. In addition to serving as tissue boundaries and an adhesive substratum for cell anchoring and migration, BLs make diverse regulatory contributions to the development of tissues and organs (Hohenester, 2013; Shahab, 2014).
Col IV imparts tensile strength to BL and provides an anchoring substratum for cell adhesion, migration, and secreted signaling molecules. Much of what is known about Col IV is derived from vertebrate studies. Vertebrates express six Col IV α-chains [α1(IV)-α6(IV)] that are assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum into different combinations of heterotrimeric protomers. Upon secretion, the C-terminal globular domain of these trimeric protomers form head-to-head dimers Flexible non-helical interruptions separating collagenous domains of the protomers promote lateral associations during supramolecular assembly of 2D Col IV networks. Further contributing to the stability of these networks, the N-terminal globular domain of the heterotrimers form anti-parallel tetramers. As with fibril-forming collagens, purified Col IV protomers can self-assemble into polymeric networks. In contrast to vertebrates, the Drosophila genome codes for only two Col IV α-chains: Dcg 1/Cg25C and Viking (Vkg). The primary sources of BL components produced within Drosophila embryos and larvae are hemocytes and the fat body (Olofsson, 2005); however, how Col IV and the other BL components are assembled into a stereotypic 2D sheet of precise thickness is unknown (Shahab, 2014).
Previously studies have shown that SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine), a highly conserved matricellular glycoprotein, is a major component of embryonic Drosophila BL (Martinek, 2002; Martinek, 2008). SPARC, also known as osteonectin/ BM40, binds to fibril-forming collagens and Col IV via epitopes located within the C-terminal domain. The absence of interstitial matrices in Drosophila makes it an ideal developmental and genetic model to decipher the role of SPARC in BL assembly and maturation (Shahab, 2014).
Using imprecise P-element excision to generate a mutation/deletion of SPARC in Drosophila, a previous study reported decreased Col IV and BL stability and neural defects resulting in embryonic lethality in the absence of SPARC. However, attempts to rescue embryonic lethality by expressing exogenous SPARC were unsuccessful (Martinek, 2008), raising the possibility that aspects of this phenotype were due to a second site mutation on the 3rd chromosome. The present study, determined that both the neural phenotype and embryonic lethality reported previously, result from a disruption of the neurogenic gene, neutralized. The disruption of SPARC alone leads to larval lethality characterized by compromised fat body homeostasis. The fat body is crucial for development. It acts as the primary source of energy, and fat body together with hemocytes are the principle sources of BL components during larval development. Formed during embryonic development, the larval fat body is a bilateral, multi-lobed organ consisting of a monolayer of about 2,200 polygonal cells called adipocytes. The larval fat body is entirely surrounded by hemolymph, but does not directly interface with it owing to the presence of a BL that covers the entire surface of the fat body. The adipocytes within the fat body have no classical apical-basal polarity. Instead, cell-cell adhesion and shape is mediated by BL surrounding the adipocytes (Pastor-Pareja, 2011). This study reports that a reduction of SPARC leads to defective fat body BL assembly, inducing the resident polygonal adipocytes to round up and accumulate BL components within their microenvironment in a cell-autonomous manner. These findings define a pivotal role for SPARC in the proper assembly of BL surrounding the adipocytes of the Drosophila fat body (Shahab, 2014).
The results of this study demonstrate that loss or knockdown of SPARC expression in Drosophila result in arrest during larval development and disruption of fat body architecture and function. Based upon the SPARC mutation Df(3R)nm136, it was previously reported that loss of SPARC resulted in embryonic lethality associated with severe defects in nervous system development. This study now provide evidence that a second-site mutation present in the neuralized locus, a key regulator of Notch/Delta signalling, is the cause of the Df(3R)nm136 neural phenotype and embryonic lethality. Hence, SPARC is not required for nervous system development (Shahab, 2014).
The new Df(3R)nm136 H2AvD::GFP line, from which the neuralized mutation has been removed, demonstrates that loss of SPARC in Drosophila results in larval lethality and morphological changes of the fat body. The larval fat body is a multifunctional organ essential to fly development. Principle functions of the organ are nutrient storage and regulation of energy availability, functions that may become compromised in SPARC-deficient larvae. SPARC-deficient larvae appear transparent, which is consistent with reduced lipid or energy stores. While it is possible that knockdown of SPARC in hemocytes was responsible for the lethality and fat body morphological defects, knockdown of SPARC selectively within hemocytes using a hemolectin promoter did not result in larval lethality or a fat body phenotype, indicating that the phenotype reported in this study is due to loss of fat body SPARC expression. Moreover, larval lethality and the fat body phenotype of SPARC mutant larvae were rescued by a SPARC transgene that was expressed under the control of either endogenous SPARC or Col IV promoters (Shahab, 2014).
SPARC reduction led to a marked accumulation of BL components in the extracellular microenvironment of affected adipocytes. Temporal expression data from modENCODE indicate that maximum levels of SPARC and Col IV expression occur during the 1st and 2nd instar stages, with expression decreasing during the 3rd larval instar prior to pupariation. Consistent with the idea that SPARC effects are largely mediated prior to the late 3rd instar stage, knockdown of SPARC in 3rd instar had no impact on survival or fat body remodeling (Shahab, 2014).
Pastor-Pareja (2011) showed that knockdown of SPARC results in extracellular assembly of Col IV into thick fibers in the fat body, leading them to speculate that SPARC is required for Col IV secretion and solubility. However, the impact of SPARC knockdown on Col IV secretion, BL integrity, or adipocyte morphology was not addressed in that study. The current study suggests that SPARC deficiency does not prevent Col IV secretion. Consistent with the results of Pastor-Pareja (2011), this study shows extracellular accumulation of Col IV, suggestive of decreased solubility. Moreover, this study shows that Laminin, Perlecan, and Nidogen also accumulate at the surface of SPARC-deficient adipocytes, indicating that all BL components are affected by the loss or knockdown of SPARC (Shahab, 2014).
Biochemical studies have shown that SPARC binds to the triple-helical domains of purified invertebrate and vertebrate Col IV, an interaction that is mediated by two collagen-binding epitopes located in the C-terminal region of SPARC. Col IV is a primary regulator of cell shape and adhesion; thus, alterations in the availability or structure of Col IV fibrils impact cell morphology. Several studies have shown that SPARC has counter-adhesive activity in vitro that causes cells to detach from their substrate and round up. The current data appear paradoxical as loss of SPARC results in cell rounding but does not lead to adipocyte dissociation. However, the impact on cell shape in this instance is likely due to the dysregulation of Col IV polymerization and BL homeostasis, rather than directly to the effect of SPARC on cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions (Shahab, 2014).
A previous studies suggested that SPARC co-localizes with Col IV within secretory vesicles of adipocytes, but it remains to be determined whether SPARC and Col IV directly bind to one another intracellularly. Upon exocytosis, close proximity of SPARC with Col IV enables immediate physical association such that SPARC can regulate Col IV polymerization and sequester Col IV from its cellular receptors. Bradshaw (2009) demonstrated such a relationship between SPARC and Collagen I in mammalian cells. SPARC deficiency does not lead to an increase in intracellular Col IV, demonstrating that the impact of a lack of SPARC on Col IV assembly into BL likely occurs extracellularly. Upon secretion, SPARC may act to maintain solubility of Col IV, preventing it from immediately undergoing polymerization. In the absence of SPARC, Col IV release to the fat body extracellular space occurs; however, without SPARC to delay its polymerization, Col IV may rapidly assemble into a dense meshwork. Other ECM proteins, such as Laminin, Perlecan, and Nidogen, are synthesized and secreted; they encounter polymerized Col IV and are incorporated into the assembled structure as they would in a normal BL. This causes accumulation of multiple BL proteins on the surface of adipocytes. As ECM material accumulates, it promotes the rounding of the cells. The formation of a dense ECM meshwork likely impedes normal adipocyte function and could interfere with a variety of physiological processes such as feeding behavior and energy metabolism (Shahab, 2014).
In light of the diffusible nature of SPARC, the finding of a cell-autonomous phenotype with fat body SPARC knockdown clones was unexpected. The failure of SPARC secreted from adjacent wild-type adipocytes to compensate for the lack of production by SPARC-deficient cell clones indicates that SPARC was not able to diffuse across the BL in sufficient quantities. To date, no study that has addressed the ability of SPARC to diffuse across the BL, but the current data raise the possibility of a charge-dependent barrier that retains SPARC within the microenvironment of a cell. Alternatively, the more immediate interaction of SPARC with Col IV afforded by their intracellular co-localization may be required to effectively prevent premature polymerization of Col IV. Hence, an intracellular interaction between SPARC and Col IV may be required to regulate the kinetics of Col IV polymerization immediately upon its secretion (Shahab, 2014).
SPARC may also regulate BL deposition and remodelling through cell surface receptors. Expression of the cell-matrix adhesion molecules Dg and the βPS integrin subunit was observed on the plasma membrane of wild-type adipocytes. RNAi knockdown of SPARC did not alter the expression or localization of either of these transmembrane receptors in fat body cells indicating that it is unlikely that ECM accumulation around SPARC mutant adipocytes is associated with dysregulation of ECM receptors. However, the possibility that the interaction of BL components with these ECM receptors may have been affected cannot be excluded (Shahab, 2014).
Randomly distributed pits were observed on the surface of adipocytes, which increased in number with the knockdown of SPARC. However, the majority of the pits associated with a SPARC knockdown exhibited thickened circumferential borders underlaid by intracellular lipid-like vesicles. It is conceivable that the pits represent sites of lipid exocytosis. However, preliminary data indicates that the knockdown of SPARC does not affect protein or vesicular endocytosis and exocytosis. Moreover, differences in lipid content between wild-type and SPARC-deficient adipocytes were not observed. Hence the molecular basis of the dramatic difference in the surface topography between wild-type and SPARC-deficient adipocytes remains unknown (Shahab, 2014).
Analysis of the evolutionary history of SPARC revealed a conservation of the collagen-binding epitopes from cnidarians to mammals, which enable SPARC to bind to fibril-forming and network-forming Col IV. While SPARC-null mice develop normally, ultrastructural analysis revealed that interstitial Col IV fibrils are less abundant, smaller and more uniform in size, resulting in fibrils with decreased tensile strength. Biochemical studies indicate that SPARC increases the length of the first stage/lag phase of collagen fibrillogenesis by decreasing the rate of nucleation (Bradshaw, 2009). SPARC is also concentrated in the basal laminae of the nematode C. elegans. RNAi knockdown of SPARC leads to larval lethality for a large percentage of the progeny with a deficiency in gut granules and reduction in body size (Fitzgerald, 1998). It remains to be determined if aberrations in BL lamina assembly is the underlying cause of the phenotype (Shahab, 2014).
Hence, these findings support an emerging concept of SPARC as a critical extracellular collagen chaperone. A detrimental loss of BL homeostasis is evident in the absence of SPARC. The evolutionary conservation of SPARC parallels the advent of BL in multi-cellular organisms, indicating that this chaperone activity of SPARC is important for the maintenance of ECM homeostasis in all metazoans (Shahab, 2014).
Elimination of unfit cells maintains tissue health and prolongs lifespan
Viable yet damaged cells can accumulate during development and aging. Although eliminating those cells may benefit organ function, identification of this less fit cell population remains challenging. Previously, a molecular mechanism, based on 'fitness fingerprints' displayed on cell membranes, was identifed that allows direct fitness comparison among cells in Drosophila. This study reports the physiological consequences of efficient cell selection for the whole organism. The study found that fitness-based cell culling is naturally used to maintain tissue health, delay aging, and extend lifespan in Drosophila. A gene, ahuizotl (azot), was identified that ensures the elimination of less fit cells. Lack of azot increases morphological malformations and susceptibility to random mutations and accelerates tissue degeneration. On the contrary, improving the efficiency of cell selection is beneficial for tissue health and extends lifespan (Merino, 2015).
Individual cells can suffer insults that affect their normal functioning, a situation often aggravated by exposure to external damaging agents. A fraction of damaged cells will critically lose their ability to live, but a different subset of cells may be more difficult to identify and eliminate: viable but suboptimal cells that, if unnoticed, may adversely affect the whole organism (Merino, 2015).
What is the evidence that viable but damaged cells accumulate within tissues? The somatic mutation theory of aging proposes that over time cells suffer insults that affect their fitness, for example, diminishing their proliferation and growth rates, or forming deficient structures and connections. This creates increasingly heterogeneous and dysfunctional cell populations disturbing tissue and organ function. Once organ function falls below a critical threshold, the individual dies. The theory is supported by the experimental finding that clonal mosaicism occurs at unexpectedly high frequency in human tissues as a function of time, not only in adults an embryos (Merino, 2015).
Does the high prevalence of mosaicism in our tissues mean that it is impossible to recognize and eliminate cells with subtle mutations and that suboptimal cells are bound to accumulate within organs? Or, on the contrary, can animal bodies identify and get rid of unfit viable cells (Merino, 2015)?
One indirect mode through which suboptimal cells could be eliminated is proposed by the 'trophic theory,' which suggested that Darwinian-like competition among cells for limiting amounts of surv ead to removal of less fit cells. However, it is apparent from recent work that trophic theories are not sufficient to explain fitness-based cell selection, because there are direct mechanisms that allow cells to exchange 'cell-fitness' information at the local multicellular level (Merino, 2015).
In Drosophila, cells can compare their fitness using different isoforms of the transmembrane protein Flower. The 'fitness fingerprints' are therefore defined as combinations of Flower isoforms present at the cell membrane that reveal optimal or reduced fitness. The isoforms that indicate reduced fitness have been called FlowerLose isoforms, because they are expressed in cells marked to be eliminated by apoptosis called 'Loser cells.' However, the presence of FlowerLose isoforms at the cell membrane of a particular cell does not imply that the cell will be culled, because at least two other parameters are taken into account: (1) the levels of FlowerLose isoforms in neighboring cells: if neighboring cells have similar levels of Lose isoforms, no cell will be killed; (2) the levels of a secreted protein called Sparc, the homolog of the Sparc/Osteonectin protein family, which counteracts the action of the Lose isoforms (Merino, 2015 and references therein).
Remarkably, the levels of Flower isoforms and Sparc can be altered by various insults in several cell types, including: (1) the appearance of slowly proliferating cells due to partial loss of ribosomal proteins, a phenomenon known as cell competition; (2) the interaction between cells with slightly higher levels of d-Myc and normal cells, a process termed supercompetition; (3) mutations in signal transduction pathways like Dpp signaling; or (4) viable neurons forming part of incomplete ommatidia. Intriguingly, the role of Flower isoforms is cell type specific, because certain isoforms acting as Lose marks in epithelial cells are part of the fitness fingerprint of healthy neurons. Therefore, an exciting picture starts to appear, in which varying levels of Sparc and different isoforms of Flower are produced by many cell types, acting as direct molecular determinants of cell fitness. This study aimed to clarify how cells integrate fitness information in order to identify and eliminate suboptimal cells. Subsequently, the physiological consequences were analyzed of efficient cell selection for the whole organism (Merino, 2015).
In order to discover the molecular mechanisms underlying cell selection in Drosophila, this study analyzed genes transcriptionally induced using an assay where WT cells (tub>Gal4) are outcompeted by dMyc-overexpressing supercompetitors (tub>dmyc) due to the increased fitness of these dMyc-overexpressing cells. The expression of CG11165 was strongly induced 24 hr after the peak of flower and sparc expression. In situ hybridization revealed that CG11165 mRNA was specifically detected in Loser cells that were going to be eliminated from wing imaginal discs due to cell competition. The gene, which was named ahuizotl (azot) after a multihanded Aztec creature selectively targeting fishing boats to protect lakes, consists of one exon. azot's single exon encodes for a four EF-hand-containing cytoplasmic protein of the canonical family that is conserved, but uncharacterized, in multicellular animals (Merino, 2015).
To monitor Azot expression, a translational reporter was designed resulting in the expression of Azot::dsRed under the control of the endogenous azot promoter in transgenic flies. Azot expression was not detectable in most wing imaginal discs under physiological conditions in the absence of competition. Mosaic tissue was generated of two clonal populations, which are known to trigger competitive interactions resulting in elimination of otherwise viable cells. Cells with lower fitness were created by confronting WT cells with dMyc-overexpressing cells, by downregulating Dpp signaling, by overexpressing FlowerLose isoforms, in cells with reduced Wg signaling, by suppressing Jak-Stat signaling or by generating Minute clones. Azot expression was not detectable in nonmosaic tissue of identical genotype, nor in control clones overexpressing UASlacZ. On the contrary, Azot was specifically activated in all tested scenarios of cell competition, specifically in the cells undergoing negative selection. Azot expression was not repressed by the caspase inhibitor protein P35 (Merino, 2015).
Because Flower proteins are conserved in mammals, tests were made to see if they are also able to regulate azot. Mouse Flower isoform 3 (mFlower3) has been shown to act as a 'classical' Lose isoform, driving cell elimination when expressed in scattered groups of cells, a situation where azot was induced in Loser cells but is not inducing cell selection when expressed ubiquitously a scenario where azot was not expressed. This shows that the mouse FlowerLose isoforms function in Drosophila similarly to their fly homologs (Merino, 2015).
Interestingly, azot is not a general apoptosis-activated gene because its expression is not induced upon eiger, hid, or bax activation, which trigger cell death. Azot was also not expressed during elimination of cells with defects in apicobasal polarity or undergoing epithelial exclusion-mediated apoptosis (dCsk) (Merino, 2015).
azot expression was analyzed during the elimination of peripheral photoreceptors in the pupal retina, a process mediated by Flower-encoded fitness fingerprints. Thirty-six to 38hr after pupal formation (APF), when FlowerLose-B expression begins in peripheral neurons, no Azot expression was detected in the peripheral edge. At later time points (40 and 44hr APF), Azot expression is visible and restricted to the peripheral edge where photoreceptor neurons are eliminated. This expression was confirmed with another reporter line, azot{KO; gfp}, where gfp was directly inserted at the azot locus using genomic engineering techniques (Merino, 2015).
From these results, it is concluded that Azot expression is activated in several contexts where suboptimal and viable cells are normally recognized and eliminated (Merino, 2015).
To understand Azot function in cell elimination, azot knockout (KO) flies were generated by deleting the entire azot gene. Next, Azot function was analyzed using dmyc-induced competition. In the absence of Azot function, loser cells were no longer eliminated, showing a dramatic 100-fold increase in the number of surviving clones. Loser cells occupied more than 20% of the tissue 72hr after clone induction (ACI). Moreover, using azot{KO; gfp} homozygous flies (that express GFP under the azot promoter but lack Azot protein), it was found that loser cells survived and showed accumulation of GFP. From these results, it is concluded that azot is expressed by loser cells and is essential for their elimination.
In addition, clone removal was delayed in an azot heterozygous background (50-fold increase, 15%), compared to control flies with normal levels of Azot. Cell elimination capacity was fully restored by crossing two copies of Azot::dsRed into the azot-/- background demonstrating the functionality of the fusion protein. Silencing azot with two different RNAis was similarly able to halt selection during dmyc-induced competition. Next, in order to determine the role of Azot's EF hands, a mutated isoform of Azot (Pm4Q12) was generated and overexpressed, that carryed, in each EF hand, a point mutation known to abolish Ca2+ binding. Although overexpression of wild-type azot in negatively selected cells did not rescue the elimination, overexpression of the mutant AzotPm4Q12 reduced cell selection, functioning as a dominant-negative mutant. This shows that Ca2+ binding is important for Azot function. Finally, staining for apoptotic cells corroborated that the lack of Azot prevents cell elimination, because cell death was reduced 8-fold in mosaic epithelia containing loser cells (Merino, 2015).
The role of azot in elimination of peripheral photoreceptor neurons in the pupal retina was examined using homozygous azot KO flies. Pupal retinas undergoing photoreceptor culling (44hr APF) of azot+/+ and azot-/- flies were stained for the cell death marker and the proapoptotic factor. Consistent with the expression pattern of Azot, the number of Hid and TUNEL-positive cells was dramatically decreased in azot-/- retinas compared to azot+/+ retinas (Merino, 2015).
Those results show that Azot is required to induce cell death and Hid expression during neuronal culling. Therefore, tests were performed to see that was also the case in the wing epithelia during dmyc-induced competition. Hid was found to be expressed in loser cells and the expression was found to be strongly reduced in the absence of Azot function (Merino, 2015).
Finally, forced overexpression of FlowerLose isoforms from Drosophila were unable to mediate WT cell elimination when Azot function was impaired by mutation or silenced by RNAi (Merino, 2015).
These results suggested that azot function is dose sensitive, because heterozygous azot mutant flies display delayed elimination of loser cells when compared with azot WT flies. Therefore advantage was taken of the functional reporter Azot::dsRed to test whether cell elimination could be enhanced by increasing the number of genomic copies of azot. Tissues with three functional copies of azot were more efficient eliminating loser cells during dmyc-induced competition and most of the clones were culled 48hr ACI. From these results, it is concluded that azot expression is required for the elimination of Loser cells and unwanted neurons (Merino, 2015).
Next, it was asked what could be the consequences of decreased cell selection at the tissue and organismal level. To this end, advantage was taken of the viability of homozygous azot KO flies. An increase of several developmental aberrations was observed. Focus was placed on the wings, where cell competition is best studied and, because aberrations, including melanotic areas, blisters, and wing margin nicks, were quantified. Wing defects of azot mutant flies could be rescued by introducing two copies of azot::dsRed, showing that the phenotypes are specifically caused by loss of Azot function (Merino, 2015).
Next, it was reasoned that mild tissue stress should increase the need for fitness-based cell selection after damage. First, in order to generate multicellular tissues scattered with suboptimal cells, larvae were exposed to UV light and Azot expression was monitored in wing discs of UV-irradiated WT larvae that were stained for cleaved caspase-3, 24hr after treatment. Under such conditions, Azot was found to be expressed in cleaved caspase-3-positive cells. All Azot-positive cells showed caspase activation and 17% of cleaved caspase-positive cells expressed Azot. This suggested that Azot-expressing cells are culled from the tissue. To confirm this, later time points (3 days after irradiation) were examined; the increase in Azot-positive cells was no longer detectable. The elimination of azot-expressing cells after UV irradiation required azot function, because cells revealed by reporter azot{KO; gfp}, that express GFP instead of Azot, persisted in wing imaginal discs from azot-null larvae. Tests were performeed to see if lack of azot leads to a faster accumulation of tissue defects during organ development upon external damage. azot-/- pupae 0 stage were irradiated, and the number of morphological defects in adult wings was compared to those in nonirradiated azot KO flies. It was found that aberrations increased more than 2-fold when compared to nonirradiated azot-/- flies (Merino, 2015).
In order to functionally discriminate whether azot belongs to genes regulating apoptosis in general or is dedicated to fitness-based cell selection, whether azot silencing prevents Eiger/TNF-induced cell death was exanubed. Inhibiting apoptosis (UASp35) or eiger (UASRNAieiger) rescued eye ablation, whereas azot silencing and overexpression of AzotPm4Q12 did not. Furthermore, azot silencing did not impair apoptosis during genitalia rotation or cell death of epithelial precursors in the retina. These results highlight the consequences of nonfunctional cell-quality control within developing tissues (Merino, 2015).
The next part of the analysis demonstrated that the azot promoter computes relative FlowerLose and Sparc Levels. Epistasis analyses were performed to understand at which level azot is transcriptionally regulated. For this purpose, the assay where WT cells are outcompeted by dMyc-overexpressing supercompetitors was used. It was previously observed that azot induction is triggered upstream of caspase-3 activation and accumulates in outcompeted cells unable to die. Then, upstream events of cell selection were genetically modified. Silencing fweLose transcripts by RNAi or overexpressing Sparc both blocked the induction of Azot::dsRed in WT loser cells. In contrast, when outcompeted WT cells were additionally 'weakened' by Sparc downregulation using RNAi, Azot is detected in almost all loser cells compared to its more limited induction in the presence of endogenous Sparc. Inhibiting JNK signaling with UASpuc did not suppress Azot expression (Merino, 2015).
The activation of Azot upon irradiation was examined. Strikingly, it was found that all Azot expression after irradiation was eliminated when Flower Lose was silenced and also when relative differences of Flower Lose where diminished by overexpressing high levels of Lose isoforms ubiquitously. On the contrary, Azot was not suppressed after irradiation by expressing the prosurvival factor Bcl-2 or a p53 dominant negative. These results show that Azot expression during competition and upon irradiation requires differences in Flower Lose relative levels (Merino, 2015).
Finally, the regulation of Azot expression in neurons was analyzed. Silencing fwe transcripts by RNAi blocked the induction of Azot::dsRed in peripheral photoreceptors. Because Wingless signaling induces FlowerLose-B expression in peripheral photoreceptors, tests were performed to see if overexpression of Daxin, a negative regulator of the pathway, affected Azot levels. Axin overespression completely inhibited Azot expression. Similarly, overexpression of the cell competition inhibitor Sparc also fully blocked Azot endogenous expression in the retina. Finally, ectopic overexpression of FlowerLose-B in scattered cells of the retina was sufficient to trigger ectopic Azot activation. These results show that photoreceptor cells also can monitor the levels of Sparc and the relative levels of FlowerLose-B before triggering Azot expression (Merino, 2015).
These results suggest that the azot promoter integrates fitness information from neighboring cells, acting as a relative 'cell-fitness checkpoint.'
To test if fitness-based cell selection is a mechanism active not only during development, but also during adult stages, WT adult flies were exposed to UV light and monitor Azot and Flower expression were monitored in adult tissues. UV irradiation of adult flies triggered cytoplasmic Azot expression in several adult tissues including the gut and the adult brain. Likewise, UV irradiation of adult flies triggered Flower Lose expression in the gut and in the brain. Irradiation-induced Azot expression was unaffected by Bcl-2 but was eliminated when Flower Lose was silenced or when relative differences of Flower Lose where diminished in the gut. This suggests that the process of cell selection is active throughout the life history of the animal. Further confirming this conclusion, Azot function was essential for survival after irradiation, because more than 99% of azot mutant adults died 6 days after irradiation, whereas only 62.4% of WT flies died after the same treatment. The percentage of survival correlated with the dose of azot because adults with three functional copies of azot had higher median survival and maximum lifespan than WT flies, or null mutant flies rescued with two functional azot transgenes (Merino, 2015).
The next part of the study addressed the role of cell selection during aging. Lack of cell selection could affect the whole organism by two nonexclusive mechanisms. First, the failure to detect precancerous cells, which could lead to cancer formation and death of the individual. Second, the time-dependent accumulation of unfit but viable cells could lead to accelerated tissue and organ decay. We therefore tested both hypotheses (Merino, 2015).
It has been previously shown that cells with reduced levels for cell polarity genes like scrib or dlg are eliminated but can give rise to tumors when surviving. Therefore this study checked if azot functions as a tumor suppressing mechanism in those cells. Elimination of dlg and scrib mutant cells was not affected by RNAi against azot or when Azot function was impaired by mutation, in agreement with the absence of azot induction in these mutant cells. However, azot RNAi or the same azot mutant background efficiently rescued the elimination of clones with reduced Wg signaling (Merino, 2015).
Moreover, the high number of suboptimal cells produced by UV treatment did not lead to tumoral growth in azot-null background. Thus, tumor suppression mechanisms are not impaired in azot mutant backgrounds, and tumors are not more likely to arise in azot-null mutants (Merino, 2015).
Also tests were performed to see whether the absence of azot accelerates tissue fitness decay in adult tissues. Focused was placed on the adult brain, where neurodegenerative vacuoles develop over time and can be used as a marker of aging. The number was compared of vacuoles appearing in the brain of flies lacking azot (azot-/-), WT flies (azot+/+), flies with one extra genomic copy of the gene (azot+/+; azot+), and mutant flies rescued with two genomic copies of azot (azot-/-;azot+/+). For all the genotypes analyzed, a progressive increase was observed in the number and size of vacuoles in the brain over time. Interestingly, azot-/- brains showed higher number of vacuoles compared to control flies (azot+/+ and azot-/-;azot+/+) and a higher rate of vacuole accumulation developing over time. In the case of flies with three genomic copies of the gene (azot+/+; azot+), vacuole number tended to be the lowest (Merino, 2015).
The cumulative expression of azot was analyzed during aging of the adult brain. Positive cells were detected as revealed by reporter azot{KO; gfp}, in homozygosis, that express GFP instead of Azot. A time-dependent accumulation of azot-positive cells was observed (Merino, 2015).
From this, it is concluded that azot is required to prevent tissue degeneration in the adult brain and lack of azot showed signs of accelerated aging. This suggested that azot could affect the longevity of adult flies. Flies lacking azot (azot-/-) had a shortened lifespan with a median survival of 7.8 days, which represented a 52% decrease when compared to WT flies (azot+/+), and a maximum lifespan of 18 days, 25% less than WT flies (azot+/+). This effect on lifespan was azot dependent because it was completely rescued by introducing two functional copies of azot. On the contrary, flies with three functional copies of the gene (azot+/+; azot+) showed an increase in median survival and maximum lifespan of 54% and 17%, respectively (Merino, 2015).
In conclusion, azot is necessary and sufficient to slow down aging, and active selection of viable cells is critical for a long lifespan in multicellular animals (Merino, 2015).
The next part of the study demonstrates that death of unfit cells is sufficient and required for multicellular fitness maintenance. The results cited above show the genetic mechanism through which cell selection mediates elimination of suboptimal but viable cells. However, using flip-out clones and MARCM, this study found that Azot overexpression was not sufficient to induce cell death in wing imaginal discs. Because Hid is downstream of Azot, it was wondered whether expressing Hid under the control of the azot regulatory regions could substitute for Azot function (Merino, 2015).
In order to test this hypothesis, the whole endogenous azot protein-coding sequence was replaced by the cDNA of the proapoptotic gene hid (azot{KO; hid}) flies. In a second strategy, the whole endogenous azot protein-coding sequence was replaced by the cDNA of transcription factor Gal4, so that the azot promoter can activate any UAS driven transgene (azot{KO; Gal4} flies. The number of morphological aberrations was compared in the adult wings of six genotypes: first, homozygous azot{KO; Gal4} flies that lacked Azot; second, azot{KO; hid} homozygous flies that express Hid with the azot pattern in complete absence of Azot; third, azot+/+ WT flies as a control; and finally three genotypes where the azot{KO; Gal4} flies were crossed with UAShid, UASsickle, another proapoptotic gene, or UASp35, an apoptosis inhibitor. In the case of UASsickle flies, a second azot mutation was introduced to eliminate azot function. Interestingly, the number of morphological aberrations was brought back to WT levels in all the situations where the azot promoter was driving proapoptotic genes (azot{KO; hid}, azot{KO; Gal4} × UAShid, azot{KO; Gal4} × UASsickle with or without irradiation. On the contrary, expressing p35 with the azot promoter was sufficient to produce morphological aberrations despite the presence of one functional copy of azot. Likewise, p35-expressing flies (azot{KO; Gal4}/azot+; UASp35) did not survive UV treatments, whereas a percentage of the flies expressing hid (26%) or sickle (28%) in azot-positive cells were able to survive (Merino, 2015).
From this, it is concluded that specifically killing those cells selected by the azot promoter is sufficient and required to prevent morphological malformations and provide resistance to UV irradiation (Merino, 2015).
The next part of the study demonstrated that death of unfit cells extends lifespan It was asked whether the shortened longevity observed in azot-/- flies could be also rescued by killing azot-expressing cells with hid in the absence of Azot protein. It was found that azot{KO; hid} homozygous flies had dramatically improved lifespan with a median survival of 27 days at 29°C, which represented a 125% increase when compared to azot-/- flies, and a maximum lifespan of 34 days, 41% more than mutant flies (Merino, 2015).
Similar results were obtained at 25°C. It was found that flies lacking azot (azot-/-) had a shortened lifespan with a median survival of 25days, which represented a 24% decrease when compared to WT flies (azot+/+), and a maximum lifespan of 40 days, 31% less than WT flies (azot+/+). On the contrary, flies with three functional copies of the gene (azot+/+; azot+) or flies where azot is replaced by hid (azot{KO; hid} homozygous flies) showed an increase in median survival of 54% and 63% and maximum lifespan of 12% and 24%, respectively (Merino, 2015).
Finally, the effects of dietary restriction on longevity of those flies was tested. It was found that dietary restriction could extend both the median survival and the maximum lifespan of all genotypes. Interestingly, dietary restricted flies with three copies of the gene azot showed a further increase in maximum lifespan of 35%. This shows that dietary restriction and elimination of unfit cells can be combined to maximize lifespan (Merino, 2015).
In conclusion, eliminating unfit cells is sufficient to increase longevity, showing that cell selection is critical for a long lifespan in Drosophila (Merino, 2015).
This study has shown that active elimination of unfit cells is required to maintain tissue health during development and adulthood. The gene (azot), whose expression is confined to suboptimal or misspecified but morphologically normal and viable cells. When tissues become scattered with suboptimal cells, lack of azot increases morphological malformations and susceptibility to random mutations and accelerates age-dependent tissue degeneration. On the contrary, experimental stimulation of azot function is beneficial for tissue health and extends lifespan. Therefore, elimination of less fit cells fulfils the criteria for a hallmark of aging (Merino, 2015).
Although cancer and aging can both be considered consequences of cellular damage, no evidence was found for fitness-based cell selection having a role as a tumor suppressor in Drosophila. The results rather support that accumulation of unfit cells affect organ integrity and that, once organ function falls below a critical threshold, the individual dies (Merino, 2015).
Azot expression in a wide range of 'less fit' cells, such as WT cells challenged by the presence of 'supercompetitors,' slow proliferating cells confronted with normal proliferating cells, cells with mutations in several signaling pathways (i.e., Wingless, JAK/STAT, Dpp), or photoreceptor neurons forming incomplete ommatidia. In order to be expressed specifically in 'less fit' cells, the transcriptional regulation of azot integrates fitness information from at least three levels: (1) the cell's own levels of FlowerLose isoforms, (2) the levels of Sparc, and (3) the levels of Lose isoforms in neighboring cells. Therefore, Azot ON/OFF regulation acts as a cell-fitness checkpoint deciding which viable cells are eliminated. It is proposed that by implementing a cell-fitness checkpoint, multicellular communities became more robust and less sensitive to several mutations that create viable but potentially harmful cells. Moreover, azot is not involved in other types of apoptosis, suggesting a dedicated function, and - given the evolutionary conservation of Azot - pointing to the existence of central cell selection pathways in multicellular animals (Merino, 2015).
Evolutionary conservation and association of SPARC with the basal lamina in Drosophila
SPARC (secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine, also called BM40 and osteonectin) is a multifunctional calcium-binding glycoprotein whose modular organization has been highly conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates, indicating a conservation of function during metazoan evolution. Genome analysis has revealed a single copy of the Drosophila SPARC (dSPARC) gene. As a first step towards investigating the function of SPARC in Drosophila, its spatiotemporal distribution was analyzed during development. During embryogenesis, dSPARC mRNA transcripts are restricted to mesoderm derivatives, hemocytes, and the fat body. Immunostaining with anti- Drosophila SPARC antibodies indicates that dSPARC secreted by the hemocytes and fat body cells is concentrated in basal laminae surrounding internal organs. During oogenesis, dSPARC transcripts are restricted to the somatic cells of the germarium and follicles. Consistent with embryonic development, the resultant protein is concentrated in basal laminae. Mutations in type IV collagen are associated with a dramatic decrease in dSPARC protein immunostaining in hemocytes. The data suggest that the production and assembly of dSPARC in the basal lamina is dependent on type IV collagen, and raise the possibility that dSPARC and type IV collagen interactions are a prerequisite to the assembly and structural integrity of basal laminae in Drosophila (Martinek, 2002).
Functions of SPARC orthologs in other species
SPARC preserves follicular epithelium integrity in insect ovaries
The importance of juvenile hormone regulating insect oogenesis suggests looking for genes whose expression is regulated by this hormone. SPARC is a calcium-binding glycoprotein that forms part of the extracellular membranes, which in vertebrates participates in bones mineralization or regulating cell proliferation in some cancer types. This large number of functions described for SPARC in different species might be related to the significant differences in its structure observed when comparing different species-groups. Indeed, these structural differences allow characterizing the different clades. In the cockroach Blattella germanica, a SPARC homolog emerged from ovarian transcriptomes that were constructed to find genes responding to juvenile hormone. In insects, SPARC functions have been studied in oogenesis and in embryo development of Drosophila melanogaster. The present work, using RNAi approaches, novel functions for SPARC in the B. germanica panoistic ovaries are described. Depletion of SPARC does not allow to the follicular cells to complete mitosis, resulting in giant follicular cells nuclei and in a great alteration of the ovarian follicle cytoskeleton. The SPARC contribution to B. germanica oogenesis occurs stabilizing the follicular cell program and helping to maintain the nuclear divisions. Moreover, SPARC is necessary to maintain the cytoskeleton of the follicular cells. Any modification of these key processes disables females for oviposition (Irles, 2017).
Search PubMed for articles about Drosophila Sparc
Bradshaw, A. D., Puolakkainen, P., Dasgupta, J., Davidson, J. M., Wight, T. N. and Sage, E. H. (2003). SPARC-null mice display abnormalities in the dermis characterized by decreased collagen fibril diameter and reduced tensile strength. J. Invest. Dermatol. 120: 949-955. PubMed ID: 12787119
Bradshaw, A. D., Baicu, C. F., Rentz, T. J., Van Laer, A. O., Boggs, J., Lacy, J. M. and Zile, M. R. (2009). Pressure overload-induced alterations in fibrillar collagen content and myocardial diastolic function: role of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in post-synthetic procollagen processing. Circulation 119: 269-280. PubMed ID: 19118257
Chartier, A., Zaffran, S., Astier, M., Semeriva, M. and Gratecos, D. (2002). Pericardin, a Drosophila type IV collagen-like protein is involved in the morphogenesis and maintenance of the heart epithelium during dorsal ectoderm closure. Development 129: 3241-3253. PubMed ID: 12070098
Fessler, J. H. and Fessler, L. I. (1989). Drosophila extracellular matrix. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 5: 309-339. PubMed ID: 2557060
Fitzgerald, M. C. and Schwarzbauer, J. E. (1998). Importance of the basement membrane protein SPARC for viability and fertility in Caenorhabditis elegans. Curr. Biol. 8: 1285-1288. PubMed ID: 9822581
Gilmour, D. T., et al. (1998). Mice deficient for the secreted glycoprotein SPARC/osteonectin/BM40 develop normally but show severe age-onset cataract formation and disruption of the lens. EMBO J. 17(7): 1860-70. PubMed ID: 9524110
Hohenester, E. and Yurchenco, P. D. (2013). Laminins in basement membrane assembly. Cell Adh Migr 7: 56-63. PubMed ID: 23076216
Hunzelmann, N., Hafner, M., Anders, S., Krieg, T. and Nischt, R. (1998). BM-40 (osteonectin, SPARC) is expressed both in the epidermal and in the dermal compartment of adult human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 110: 122-126. PubMed ID: 9457905
Irles, P., Ramos, S. and Piulachs, M. D. (2017). SPARC preserves follicular epithelium integrity in insect ovaries. Dev Biol 422(2): 105-114. PubMed ID: 28089848
Ishida, Y., Kubota, H., Yamamoto, A., Kitamura, A., Bächinger, H. P. and Nagata, K. (2006). Type I collagen in Hsp47-null cells is aggregated in endoplasmic reticulum and deficient in N-propeptide processing and fibrillogenesis. Mol. Biol. Cell 17: 2346-2355. PubMed ID: 9457905
Kim, S. Y., Ondhia, N., Vidgen, D., Malaval, L., Ringuette, M. and Kalnins, V. I. (1997). Spatiotemporal distribution of SPARC/osteonectin in developing and mature chicken retina. Exp. Eye Res. 65: 681-689. PubMed ID: 9367648
Merino, M.M., Rhiner, C., Lopez-Gay, J.M., Buechel, D., Hauert, B. and Moreno, E. (2015). Elimination of unfit cells maintains tissue health and prolongs lifespan. Cell 160: 461-476. PubMed ID: 25601460
Martinek, N., Zou, R., Berg, M., Sodek, J. and Ringuette, M. (2002). Evolutionary conservation and association of SPARC with the basal lamina in Drosophila. Dev. Genes Evol. 212: 124-133. PubMed ID: 11976950
Martinek, N., Shahab, J., Sodek, J. and Ringuette, M. J. (2007). Is SPARC an evolutionarily conserved collagen chaperone? J. Dent Res. 86: 296-305. PubMed ID: 17384023
Martinek, N., Shahab, J., Saathoff, M. and Ringuette, M. (2008). Haemocyte-derived SPARC is required for collagen-IV-dependent stability of basal laminae in Drosophila embryos. J. Cell Sci. 121: 1671-80. PubMed ID: 18445681
Marutani, T., Yamamoto, A., Nagai, N., Kubota, H. and Nagata, K. (2004). Accumulation of type IV collagen in dilated ER leads to apoptosis in Hsp47-knockout mouse embryos via induction of CHOP. J. Cell Sci. 117: 5913-22. PubMed ID: 15522896
Matsuoka, Y., Kubota, H., Adachi, E., Nagai, N., Marutani, T., Hosokawa, N. and Nagata, K. (2004). Insufficient folding of type IV collagen and formation of abnormal basement membrane-like structure in embryoid bodies derived from Hsp47-null embryonic stem cells. Mol. Biol. Cell 15: 4467-4475. PubMed ID: 15282337
Maurer, P., Hohenadl, C., Hohenester, E., Gohring, W., Timpl, R. and Engel, J. (1995). The C-terminal portion of BM-40 (SPARC/osteonectin) is an autonomously folding and crystallisable domain that binds calcium and collagen IV. J. Mol. Biol. 253: 347-357. PubMed ID: 7563094
Maurer, P., et al. (1997). Recombinant and tissue-derived mouse BM-40 bind to several collagen types and have increased affinities after proteolytic activation. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 53(5): 478-84. PubMed ID: 9176569
Mayer, U., et al. (1991). Calcium-dependent binding of basement membrane protein BM-40 (osteonectin, SPARC) to basement membrane collagen type IV. Eur. J. Biochem. 198(1): 141-50. PubMed ID: 2040276
Nagata, K. (2003). HSP47 as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone: function and expression in normal mouse development. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 14: 275-282. PubMed ID: 14986857
Norose, K., Lo, W. K., Clark, J. I., Sage, E. H. and Howe, C. C. (2000). Lenses of SPARC-null mice exhibit an abnormal cell surface-basement membrane interface. Exp. Eye Res. 71: 295-307. PubMed ID: 10973738
Olofsson, B., and Page, D.T. (2005). Condensation of the central nervous system in embryonic Drosophila is inhibited by blocking hemocyte migration or neural activity. Dev. Biol. 279, 233-243. PubMed ID: 15708571
Pastor-Pareja, J. C. and Xu, T. (2011). Shaping cells and organs in Drosophila by opposing roles of fat body-secreted Collagen IV and perlecan. Dev Cell 21: 245-256. PubMed ID: 21839919
Portela, M., et al. (2010). Drosophila SPARC is a self-protective signal expressed by loser cells during cell competition. Dev. Cell 19(4): 562-73. PubMed ID: 20951347
Pöschl, E., et al. (2004). Collagen IV is essential for basement membrane stability but dispensable for initiation of its assembly during early development. Development 131: 1619-1628. PubMed ID: 14998921
Pottgiesser, J., Maurer, P., Mayer, U., Nischt, R., Mann, K., Timpl, R., Krieg, T. and Engel, J. (1994). Changes in calcium and collagen IV binding caused by mutations in the EF hand and other domains of extracellular matrix protein BM-40 (SPARC, osteonectin). J. Mol. Biol. 238: 563-574. PubMed ID: 8176746
Rentz, T. J., Poobalarahi, F., Bornstein, P., Sage, E. H. and Bradshaw, A. D. (2007). SPARC regulates processing of procollagen I and collagen fibrillogenesis in dermal fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 22062-22071. PubMed ID: 17522057
Rosenblatt, S., Bassuk, J. A., Alpers, C. E., Sage, E. H., Timpl, R. and Preissner, K. T. (1997). Differential modulation of cell adhesion by interaction between adhesive and counter-adhesive proteins: characterization of the binding of vitronectin to osteonectin (BM40, SPARC). Biochem. J. 324: 311-319. PubMed ID: 9164872
Sage, H., Vernon, R. B., Decker, J., Funk, S. and Iruela-Arispe, M. L. (1989). Distribution of the calcium-binding protein SPARC in tissues of embryonic and adult mice. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 37: 819-829. PubMed ID: 2723400
Sangaletti, S., Stoppacciaro, A., Guiducci, C., Torrisi, M. R. and Colombo, M. P. (2003). Leukocyte, rather than tumor-produced SPARC, determines stroma and collagen type IV deposition in mammary carcinoma. J. Exp. Med. 198: 1475-1485. PubMed ID: 14610043
Shahab, J., Baratta, C., Scuric, B., Godt, D., Venken, K. J. and Ringuette, M. J. (2014). Loss of SPARC dysregulates basal lamina assembly to disrupt larval fat body homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Dyn [Epub ahead of print]. PubMed ID: 25529377
Yan, Q., Clark, J. I., Wight, T. N. and Sage, E. H. (2002). Alterations in the lens capsule contribute to cataractogenesis in SPARC-null mice. J. Cell Sci. 115: 2747-2756. PubMed ID: 12077365
Yan, Q., Perdue, N., Blake, D. and Sage, E. H. (2005). Absence of SPARC in murine lens epithelium leads to increased deposition of laminin-1 in lens capsule. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 46: 4652-4660. PubMed ID: 16303962
Yurchenco, P. D., Amenta, P. S. and Patton, B. L. (2004). Basement membrane assembly, stability and activities observed through a developmental lens. Matrix Biol. 22: 521-538. PubMed ID: 14996432
date revised: 25 March 2017
Home page: The Interactive Fly © 2011 Thomas Brody, Ph.D.
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simpsons the birds reference
"A Streetcar Named Marge" is the second episode of The Simpsons' fourth season.
It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 1, 1992. Editor Celia Gómez' side-by-side shot comparison above makes plain how a 30-year-old Citizen Kane virgin could experience a sense of deja vu on his or her inaugural viewing. In the episode, Bart accidentally kills a mother bird with a BB gun, and decides to hatch and take care of the two eggs he found in the bird's nest. The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition. The pair make cameos and are used as background characters after this., The "Bolivian tree lizard" is a fictional species. Egg Syndrome, it's The Simpsons' fault.
In the episode, Marge wins the role of Blanche DuBois in a community theatre musical version of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire. The Simpsons' tribute to Film industry. There are quite a few allusions to the phrase in literature and song. Literary and musical references. References to characters and productions from the world of animated cartoons within Muppet/Creature Shop productions. The Birds is a 1963 American horror-thriller film produced and directed by Alfred Hitchcock.Loosely based on the 1952 story of the same name by Daphne du Maurier, it focuses on a series of sudden and unexplained violent bird attacks on the people of Bodega Bay, California, over the course of a few days.
It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 28, 2010. Yes, they're stills and not scenes. One of the early references to this bird and bees as …
Homer Simpson 's panther is named Sheba, which is the same name of Binky 's estranged girlfriend from Life in Hell .
Walking-bird. "Bart the Mother" is the third episode of The Simpsons ' tenth season.It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 27, 1998. Episode: Lisa Vs Malibu Stacy To my son Homer... (Homer says Woohoo! The title of the episode is a reference to the 1952 song "How Much is that Doggie in the Window Time was short when I posted the images and I … is the seventh episode of The Simpsons' twenty-second season. Many birds have a limited sense of smell and cannot detect human scent, or if they can detect it, do not react to it. Premiere The premiere of this episode was watched by 6.19 million people in America.
Literary and musical references.
You see, back in those days, rich men would ride around in Zeppelins, dropping coins on people, and one day I seen J.D.
Along their 27 seasons this mythic tv show has used as reference movies from famous directors such as: Stanley Kubrick, Alfred Hitchcock, Francis Ford Coppola or Steven Spielberg. Trivia This episode features the last speaking appearance of Troy McClure, due to the fact that Phil Hartman, voice actor of Troy McClure and Lionel Hutz, was murdered on May 28, 1998. "How Munched Is That Birdie in the Window?" Tippi Hedren recounts the harrowing ordeal of filming the climactic scene with live birds tied to her costume, pecking her body
This episode was also dedicated to Hartman.
If an entire generation of American adults suffers from Cinematic Chicken Vs. Yes, they're stills and not scenes. "., The supposedly dead ostrich opening its eyes is a reference to the Giant Chicken fights in Family Guy, when Peter wins a battle with Ernie the Giant Chicken and Ernie awakening.
You can find more images like this at Actualidad Simpson.
Update: Some quick notes: I didn't compile or make these images; I found 'em, thought they were neat and posted them for everyone to see.
Rockefeller flying by. Cultural references The episode title is a reference to the children's song "How Much Is That Doggie in the Window?
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May 2007 Taunton web design company redesigns Creech website 2007-05-20 16:07:22
The new website for Creech St Michael was officially unveiled at a special ceremony at Creech St Michael village hall on Saturday 26th May 2007.
The site was built by Somerset Web Services of Taunton who agreed to redesign and modernise the Creech St Michael website free of charge to the local community.
The new site, www.creechstmichael.net, was launched by Eileen Webb, chair of Creech Parish Council and Nigel Finch, Managing Director of Somerset Web Services.
Eileen Webb announced "Discussions between the Parish Council and Somerset Web Services have been taking place since Christmas. We are delighted they have offered to perform this work and host the site entirely free for the benefit of the local community. A modern, vibrant look and feel to the website will put Creech in the Premier League of village websites! On behalf of the Parish Council I would like to thank Somerset Web Services for their kind support and sponsorship".
Managing Director Nigel Finch added "We are also delighted to provide this service for the benefit of the village where I have lived since 1987. Please support the site by submitting photos and articles to ensure the site remains appealing and newsworthy"
"There are many Parish Councils across Somerset and now the new website is officially unveiled they will appreciate there is a lot more they could be doing to promote their local communities. We hope our use of web 2.0 technology will inspire them for the benefit of their residents, businesses and visitors."
Somerset Web Services undertook the Creech website project in a response to a plea by the Parish Council in November 2006 for one or more volunteers to enhance and maintain the local website. They were keen to take on the project because it gave them an opportunity to demonstrate the scope of what can be achieved by their designers and developers.
Among the features is an interactive Google map which, apart from providing a birds-eye view of any place on the world, pin points local businesses who subscribe to their innovative Gold Pin service. Another exciting feature is the use of leading-edge lightbox technology in the gallery which displays photos with a dramatic effect.
More information about Somerset Web Services is available by telephoning 01823 353760, emailing [email protected] or visiting their websitewww.somersetwebservices.co.uk.
Our photograph shows web designer Chris Kennedy (left) describing design elements to Somerset Web Services Managing Director Nigel Finch.
May 2007 Village Hall AGM 2007-05-18 16:06:55
At the May 2007 AGM the committee was re-elected to serve for another year. It includes representatives from some of the organisations using the hall on a regular basis and their help has been invaluable.
We are always pleased to welcome new members.
Are you involved with of one of the groups who use the hall? Perhaps you come to the hall only occasionally for bingo sessions, jumble sales, etc.
Whatever your involvement (or none), you may serve on the committee. You would be very welcome.
For further information telephone Hall Secretary, Iris Chown on 01823 442770. | {
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I used to write reviews for Google, Amazon, and other services, but don't any more.
My administration claims all work I produce as belonging to them. I copyright my stuff because they only pay for my working not my creative work product. I don't give things away to my employer and I'm not about to give away creative work to Google and Amazon. Indenturing myself to corporate internet platforms is bad business.
Even if reviews were good work from which I profited, the gig economy is bad for us serfs. People drive their own cars as taxis without unions, benefits, or employee status all for a small sum of money. It's not worth it. I don't even want to ride in those cars. I don't want to write for the profit of these companies. Lords don't pay to set serfs free.
I wrote reviews to serve others and many reviewers do the same, but I'm sure that many reviews are paid for or written by the companies under review. Leaving reviews to chance is bad business. I bet companies also pay to insure the best reviews are seen more often. It's like Vegas: the companies always win.
It comes down to this: I'm not sure that profit and service are at all compatible.
For-profit colleges have almost all failed. For-profit hospitals are disasters. Privatizing Social Security and other safety nets doesn't work. Business isn't in the business of serving people so much as making profit. That's okay. Business is supposed to be about making money. We just have to stop thinking big business serves us other than to stay in business. Service is a means to their profitable end.
I want some profit and to be of service. I want my service to profit my fellow human beings more than the lords of the internet. Amazon, Google, and the rest can get along without my reviews. I'll find another way to serve others, hone my craft, and earn a reasonable profit. We serfs have to find our own ways, the lords be damned. | {
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Ostrich Shells holds Stone Age Engravings Found in South Africa
leofaria - March 2, 2010
Researchers say a cache of ostrich eggshells engraved with geometric designs demonstrates the existence of a symbolic communication system around 60,000 years ago among African hunter-gatherers.
The unusually large sample of 270 engraved eggshell fragments, mostly excavated over the past several years at Diepkloof Rock Shelter in South Africa, displays two standard design patterns, according to a team led by archaeologist Pierre-Jean Texier of the University of Bordeaux 1 in Talence, France.
Each pattern enjoyed its own heyday between approximately 65,000 and 55,000 years ago, the investigators report in a paper to be published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Researchers already knew that the Howiesons Poort culture, which engraved the eggshells, engaged in other symbolic practices, such as engraving designs into pieces of pigment, that were considered to have been crucial advances in human behavioral evolution.
But the Diepkloof finds represent the first archaeological sample large enough to demonstrate that Stone Age people created design traditions, at least in their engravings, Texier says.
Evidence of intentionally produced holes in several Diepkloof eggshells indicates that ancient people made what amounted to canteens out of them, a practice that researchers have documented among modern hunter-gatherers in southern Africa.
Source: wired.com
"God delivered me from evil and placed me in Michigan"
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Home > English > Alternatives International Journal > 2014 > November 2014 > Israel: First Gaza, Now Jerusalem
Israel: First Gaza, Now Jerusalem
Sunday 2 November 2014, by Sergio Yahni
Just like against the Gaza Strip, Israel has launched an offensive against Jerusalem. And just like in the 1980's under General Ariel Sharon, Israel is attempting to re-engineer Middle East politics and erase the Palestians as a political actor.
The Palestinian leadership, Arab governments and international community condemned the new Israeli settlement plans in Jerusalem. Washington warned these actions are "incompatible with the pursuit of peace", the Kingdom of Jordan said they violate the Fourth Geneva Convention and the Palestinian leadership warned they further inflame tensions in Jerusalem and will "lead to an explosion".
However, the Israeli leadership is deaf to Palestinian and international warnings regarding the consequences of settlement activities. Less than three months after implementing with impunity a policy of scorched earth in the Gaza Strip, Israel directs its offensive against Jerusalem, and with similar objectives.
The Israeli regime aims to destroy every expression of Palestinian resistance while it pushes President Mahmoud Abbas to become the head of a demilitarized Palestinian autonomy. As seen from Israeli high windows Abbas has no alternative; he either becomes a collaborator with Israel or he will be marked as an international terrorist.
In this offensive the Israeli police, which have become a militarised force acting in the Palestinian neighborhoods of East Jerusalem, uses surveillance balloons equipped with cameras and other technological gadgets to repress any form of social unrest in the city.
The police plan to deploy more uniformed and undercover forces at trouble spots and at sensitive times, and to utilise technologies for patrolling, detecting, and preventing unrest.
As part of its offensive, the police have embarked on a major recruiting campaign, hoping to sign up young Israelis for a career in law enforcement. Television, radio, newspaper, and website campaigns have kicked off, emphasising the important responsibility police have in keeping peace in the country, as well as the benefits for which police are eligible.
Vowing a vigilante attitude Nir Barkat, the Israeli mayor of Jerusalem, claims credit for the ongoing offensive.
"At my request, the prime minister has instructed to reinforce the police to be able to operate and carry out operations against rioting, including the addition of personnel and special units, using new technology and increasing intelligence", said Barkat.
Israeli Housing Minister, MK Uri Ariel (Jewish Home), called upon the internal security minister and police commissioner to allow the State "to broaden the control given to police forces in the field".
MK Ariel is planning to move into a settlement in Silwan, one of the flash points of tensions in the city.MK Ariel is planning to move into a settlement in Silwan, one of the flash points of tensions in the city.
Despite the peaks of violence reached by Israel during the past year, the Israeli government is not presenting a new political perspective. On the contrary, we are witnessing a return to the 1980's attempts by General Ariel Sharon to re-engineer Middle East politics and delete the Palestinians as a political actor.
Sharon plans enjoyed at least partial support by Washington, at least at the early 1980s, but they faced major Israeli opposition, especially after the Sabra and Shatila massacre.
Netanyahu does not have the support of the American administration, but he believes there is a window of opportunity as the US administration is too weak ahead of mid-term elections. Netanyahu is also counting on European difficulties in implementing a continental policy and he totally disregards the Arab political stances on the conflict.
Israeli attempts to abuse its perceived window of opportunity render Jerusalem's Palestinian population as alone as the Palestinian resistance was in Gaza a few months ago. The Palestinian popular committees confront a high-tech and ruthless police force that for the moment won't stop at anything to impose order in the city.
However, it is also clear that the Israeli police are marching to defeat: their actions will only inflate Palestinian resistance without suffocating the indomitable wish for freedom.
Source: http://www.alternativenews.org/english/index.php/special-reports/jerusalem/116-israel-first-gaza-now-jerusalem
Read the lastest edition of Alternatives International Journal!
Also in this edition
Reflections on a Violent Day in Ottawa
Recognizing Palestine
From Israel to ISIS: Harper's 'Orwellian' Foreign Policy
Have Indian Intellectuals Been Co-opted?
Gunmen in Ottawa : Questioning Canadian militarism
Unilateralism and Chutzpah
The Movement's Strategic Challenges
Glenn Greenwald in Montreal
Ides of March 2011
Ides of May 2009
Visitors : 3235092 | Site Map | Site réalisé avec SPIP par www.zaa.cc | {
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