conversations
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[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Manny acquired this trait?\n\n0. Manny likes to fly a kite with his younger brother.\n1. Manny's friend taught him how to fly a kite.\n2. Manny's neighbor taught him how to repair a kite."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nVerbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.\nOlivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.\nEach breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the verbal irony in this text suggest?\nWhile waiting for her search results, Allie exclaimed, \"My Internet connection is as speedy as a snail!\"\n\n0. Allie was patiently waiting for an Internet connection.\n1. The Internet connection was very slow."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.\nAs speedy as a snail suggests that the Internet connection was very slow. A snail is not speedy, and neither was Allie's Internet connection.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich greeting is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Dear ron,\n1. Dear Ron,"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second greeting is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Ron is capitalized because it is a proper noun.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following trait inherited or acquired?\nAndrew plays baseball.\n\n0. acquired\n1. inherited"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "People are not born knowing how to play baseball. Instead, some people learn how to play baseball. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing baseball is an acquired trait.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nWhich change best matches the sentence?\nLava comes out of the ground.\n\n0. volcanic eruption\n1. wildfire\n2. flood"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.\nFormal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.\nCompare the following sentences.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.\nMore formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.\nMost formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich press release is more formal?\n\n0. On Nov. 19, musicians from all over town will battle it out in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon, happening at the amphitheater.\n1. On November 19, the Centerville Amphitheater will host area musicians vying for top honors in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second press release is more formal. It uses more elevated language (area musicians, top honors). The other press release uses idioms (battle it out) and abbreviations (Nov.).\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\nThe protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.\nThe word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nMarco dropped out of college to travel the world, but a year later, the prodigal son returned home and re-enrolled.\n\n0. Greek mythology\n1. the Bible"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion prodigal son is the Bible.\nIn a Biblical parable, the prodigal son irresponsibly spends the inheritance given to him by his father. When he returns home, he expects to be shamed, but his father forgives him.\nThe allusion prodigal son means a person who behaves recklessly but later makes a repentant return.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Liz acquired this trait?\n\n0. Liz learned to speak two languages in school.\n1. Liz's mother speaks one language."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.\nWhen a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.\nBritney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.\nThe traditional usage above is considered more standard.\nDavid perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.\nThe nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich text uses the word factoid in its traditional sense?\n\n0. A reporter for the Lakeside Daily Mail dug up an amusing factoid about Lakeside's founder while researching for an article about the town's early years.\n1. The Lakeside Daily Mail was forced to issue a retraction after printing a factoid about Lakeside's founder. It turned out that the reporter had written the article based on local legend rather than researching the actual history."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second text uses factoid in its traditional sense: something made up presented as a true fact.\nThe Lakeside Daily Mail was forced to issue a retraction after printing a factoid about Lakeside's founder. It turned out that the reporter had written the article based on local legend rather than researching the actual history.\nThe first text uses factoid in its nontraditional sense: a trivial but true fact.\nA reporter for the Lakeside Daily Mail dug up an amusing factoid about Lakeside's founder while researching for an article about the town's early years.\nMost style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word factoid because it is considered more standard.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nVolume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.\nThere are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups, or gallons.\nAs the diagram shows, there are 8 fluid ounces in 1 cup and 16 cups in 1 gallon. So, 1 fluid ounce is less than 1 cup and much less than 1 gallon.\nA glass of milk has a volume of about 8 fluid ounces, or 1 cup. A jug of milk has a volume of 1 gallon.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the volume of a bottle of hot sauce?\n\n0. 5 cups\n1. 5 fluid ounces\n2. 5 gallons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the volume of a bottle of hot sauce is 5 fluid ounces.\n5 cups and 5 gallons are both too much.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Pete inherited this trait?\n\n0. Pete and his biological parents have brown hair.\n1. Pete's coworker also has curly hair.\n2. Pete's biological father has curly hair."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nWhich change best matches the sentence?\nAn area becomes drier than usual after a year without rain.\n\n0. landslide\n1. drought\n2. erosion"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.\nAn independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.\nthe oranges on our tree are ripe\nThe clause can stand alone. It is independent.\nafter we pick up Kevin from work\nThe clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.\nA simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.\nBen and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.\nBen usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.\nA compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nWe saw the flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard a rumble of thunder.\nA complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause in a complex sentence usually begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, or whose.\nIf she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.\nDuring his trip to Italy, Tony visited the Trevi Fountain, which is in Rome.\nA compound-complex sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.\nAfter Samantha left work, she stopped at the bank, and then she went to the gym.\nSometimes a dependent clause in a complex or compound-complex sentence can interrupt an independent clause.\nOrcas that are kept in captivity often have bent dorsal fins.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich type of sentence is this?\nAs Dirk sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him.\n\n0. simple\n1. compound\n2. complex\n3. compound-complex"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The sentence is complex. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction as.\nAs Dirk sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is Briar's genotype for the fur texture gene?\n\n0. wavy fur\n1. ff"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Briar has two alleles for wavy fur (f). So, Briar's genotype for the fur texture gene is ff.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Some words are alike. They go together in a group.\nRed, blue, and green go together. They are colors.\nMom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich word is not like the others?\n\n0. juice\n1. cup\n2. water\n3. milk"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Milk, water, and juice go together. They are drinks. Cup is not a drink, so it is not like the other words.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.\nThe pitcher threw the ball to first base.\nA compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nThe pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.\nSome simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.\nAnna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.\nThis simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.\nThe singers bowed and walked off the stage.\nThis simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.\nThis is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a compound sentence?\n\n0. The tailor measures the length of the pant leg.\n1. Desmond liked the sea otters, but the jellyfish were his favorite."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction but.\nDesmond liked the sea otters, but the jellyfish were his favorite.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the hyperbole in this text suggest?\nLast August, you could fry an egg on the sidewalk in Austin.\n\n0. It is no longer possible to fry an egg on the sidewalk in Austin.\n1. Austin was extremely hot last August."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nThe hyperbole you could fry an egg on the sidewalk suggests that Austin was extremely hot last August. You could not literally fry an egg on the sidewalk.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich closing is correct for a letter?\n\n0. With love,\nZach\n1. with love,\nZach"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second closing is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich object has more thermal energy?\n\n0. a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 70C\n1. a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 80C"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two pots of spaghetti sauce have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 80C pot of spaghetti sauce is hotter than the 70C pot of spaghetti sauce, it has more thermal energy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.\nA Midsummer Night's Dream\nThe title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.\n\"You Are My Sunshine\"\n\nQuestion:\nWhich correctly shows the title of a poem?\n\n0. \"My Life Has Been the Poem\"\n1. My Life Has Been the Poem"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A poem should be in quotation marks.\nThe correct title is \"My Life Has Been the Poem.\"\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.\nThere are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.\nSo, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.\nA slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a cement truck?\n\n0. 25 ounces\n1. 25 pounds\n2. 25 tons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the mass of a cement truck is 25 tons.\n25 ounces and 25 pounds are both too light.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.\nPlants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.\nAnimals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. Animals might run, swim, jump, or fly. Animals eat plants or other organisms for food.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the plant.\n\n0. Woodpeckers eat insects, fruit, and nuts.\n1. Fig trees have many leaves."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A woodpecker is an animal. It eats insects, fruit, and nuts.\nWoodpeckers have strong beaks. They use their beaks to drill into wood to hunt for food.\nA fig tree is a plant. It has many leaves.\nFig trees grow in dry, sunny places.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.\nThe pitcher threw the ball to first base.\nA compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nThe pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.\nSome simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.\nAnna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.\nThis simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.\nThe singers bowed and walked off the stage.\nThis simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.\nThis is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a compound sentence?\n\n0. Mr. Santiago cleans the chimney, and Mrs. Santiago washes the car.\n1. That wool scarf looks soft and warm."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction and.\nMr. Santiago cleans the chimney, and Mrs. Santiago washes the car.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\nThe protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.\nThe word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nToby's proclamations earned him a reputation as our neighborhood's own Nostradamus.\n\n0. Greek mythology\n1. history"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion Nostradamus is history.\nNostradamus, a sixteenth-century French astrologer and physician, is best known as the author of a book of prophecies.\nThe allusion Nostradamus means a seer or predictor of the future.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Ernesto acquired this trait?\n\n0. Ernesto is most interested in American history.\n1. Ernesto learned history by reading."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nWhich organ receives signals from the brain to either contract or relax?\n\n0. skin\n1. brain\n2. skeleton\n3. muscles"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the reptile.\n\n0. green sea turtle\n1. salmon\n2. green tree frog\n3. anchovy"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A green sea turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.\nSea turtles live in the water, but they lay their eggs on land.\nA salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.\nUnlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water.\nAn anchovy is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.\nAn anchovy is a small fish that lives in the ocean. Like some other types of fish, anchovies swim in large groups called schools.\nA green tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.\nThere are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.\nEvery chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some elements, the symbol is one capital letter. For other elements, the symbol is one capital letter and one lowercase letter. For example, the symbol for the element fluorine is F, and the symbol for the element beryllium is Be.\nThe symbol for each element in a substance is shown in the substance's chemical formula.\nAn elementary substance is represented by a chemical formula that contains only one symbol.\nThe symbol may be followed by a subscript. A subscript is text that is smaller and placed lower than the normal line of text. A subscript is included when the atoms in the elementary substance are bonded to form molecules. The subscript tells you the number of atoms in each molecule.\nFor example, the chemical formula for the elementary substance oxygen is O2. The formula has a subscript of 2. This subscript tells you that there are two atoms in the molecule represented by this chemical formula.\nThe chemical element represented by the symbol O is also called oxygen. So, the formula O2 tells you that each molecule of O2 contains two oxygen atoms.\nA compound is represented by a chemical formula that contains multiple symbols.\nFor example, in the compound beryllium fluoride, there is one beryllium atom for every two fluorine atoms. This combination is shown in the compound's chemical formula, BeF2. In the formula, the symbol Be represents one beryllium atom. The symbol F followed by the subscript 2 represents two fluorine atoms.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the statement.\nHydrazine is ().\n\n0. an elementary substance\n1. a compound"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You can tell whether hydrazine is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.\nThe chemical formula for hydrazine is N2 H4. This formula contains two symbols: N for nitrogen and H for hydrogen. So, the formula tells you that hydrazine is made of two chemical elements bonded together.\nSubstances made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, hydrazine is a compound.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.\nMost present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.\nTwo verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.\nPast tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.\nMost past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.\nSome verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.\nFuture tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.\nAll future-tense verbs use the word will.\nPresent | Past | Future\nwalk, walks | walked | will walk\ngo, goes | went | will go\n\nQuestion:\nWhich tense does the sentence use?\nMr. Woodard will send a message to the teacher.\n\n0. present tense\n1. past tense\n2. future tense"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, send. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.\nMost present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.\nTwo verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.\nPast tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.\nMost past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.\nSome verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.\nFuture tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.\nAll future-tense verbs use the word will.\nPresent | Past | Future\nwalk, walks | walked | will walk\ngo, goes | went | will go\n\nQuestion:\nWhich tense does the sentence use?\nMom will pitch the ball to Sanjay.\n\n0. future tense\n1. present tense\n2. past tense"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pitch. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nSelect the household item that doesn't belong.\n\n0. carpet\n1. rug\n2. curtain\n3. mat"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Curtain doesn't belong.\nMat, carpet, and rug all name household items that you put on the floor.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Todd acquired this trait?\n\n0. Todd likes to fly a kite with his younger brother.\n1. Todd's friend taught him how to fly a kite.\n2. Todd's neighbor taught him how to repair a kite."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.\nThe tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.\nA red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is an adult great white shark?\n\n0. 4 meters\n1. 4 centimeters\n2. 4 kilometers\n3. 4 millimeters"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the length of an adult great white shark is 4 meters.\n4 millimeters and 4 centimeters are too short. 4 kilometers is too long.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:\nThey are solid.\nThey are formed in nature.\nThey are not made by living things.\nThey are not pure substances.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one substance that is not a rock.\n\n0. Wool is made by living things. It is not a pure substance.\n1. Scoria is formed in nature. It is a solid.\n2. Obsidian is a solid. It is formed in nature."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.\nObsidian is a rock.\nScoria is a rock.\nWool is made by living things. But rocks are not made by living things.\nSo, wool is not a rock.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following trait inherited or acquired?\nEmmet can play the harp.\n\n0. acquired\n1. inherited"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "People are not born knowing how to play the harp. Instead, some people learn how to play. So, playing the harp is an acquired trait.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nTemperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C). Use the list below to compare the two units.\n212F | Water boils | 100C\n98.6F | Body temperature | 37C\n68F | Room temperature | 20C\n32F | Water freezes | 0C\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the temperature of an ice cream sandwich?\n\n0. 36C\n1. 36F"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for the temperature of an ice cream sandwich is 36F.\n36C is too hot.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Fossils are preserved remains of the body parts or activities of ancient organisms.\nSome fossils show the body parts of organisms. Bones and shells are two body parts that are commonly preserved in fossils.\nSome fossils show traces of an organism's activities. Footprints and burrows are two examples of traces that can be preserved in fossils. A burrow is a hole dug by an animal.\nAll fossils are formed in nature. They take thousands of years to form.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence.\nA fossil is ().\n\n0. a body part of a living organism\n1. the preserved remains of an ancient organism\n2. a model of an organism made by humans"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\nThe protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.\nThe word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nMost of the people who knew Mitch considered him to be an unrepentant Casanova.\n\n0. Shakespeare\n1. history"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion Casanova is history.\nThe autobiography of Giovanni Giacomo Casanova, an eighteenth-century Italian adventurer, details and perhaps exaggerates his amorous adventures and success with women.\nThe allusion Casanova means a womanizer.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.\nOther animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals without backbones have a hard outer cover. Other animals have a soft body.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the animal that does not have a backbone.\n\n0. barn owl\n1. saturn butterfly"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A barn owl is a bird. Like other birds, a barn owl has a backbone.\nA saturn butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a saturn butterfly does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is Peanut's phenotype for the fur color trait?\n\n0. FF\n1. black fur"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Peanut's observable version of the fur color trait is black fur. So, Peanut's phenotype for the fur color trait is black fur.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\n\"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!\" Lila remarked.\nHere, Lila alludes to the fairy tale \"Cinderella,\" in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nMalik's research on nineteenth-century philosophers led him down the rabbit hole.\n\n0. Greek mythology\n1. literature"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion down the rabbit hole is literature.\nLewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland tells the story of a young girl who follows a white rabbit down a rabbit hole and finds herself in a series of adventures in a surreal world.\nThe allusion down the rabbit hole means on a strange or difficult exploration.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAnaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.\nWe are united. We are powerful. We are winners.\nAntithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.\nI want to help, not to hurt.\nApostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.\nOh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?\nAssonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.\nTry to light the fire.\nChiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.\nNever let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\nUnderstatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.\nAs you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nNever shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, that turned my life into one long night seven times sealed. Never shall I forget that smoke. Never shall I forget the small faces of the children . . .\nElie Wiesel, Night\n\n0. chiasmus\n1. anaphora"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The text uses anaphora, the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.\nWiesel repeats the words never shall I forget at the beginning of each sentence.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following trait inherited or acquired?\nTanvi has naturally straight hair.\n\n0. acquired\n1. inherited"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Some humans are born with naturally straight hair. Others are born with naturally curly hair. Straight and curly are examples of hair texture.\nSome people use tools to change how their hair looks. But this doesn't affect the natural texture of their hair. So, having naturally straight hair is an inherited trait.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nVolume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.\nThere are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups, or gallons.\nAs the diagram shows, there are 8 fluid ounces in 1 cup and 16 cups in 1 gallon. So, 1 fluid ounce is less than 1 cup and much less than 1 gallon.\nA glass of milk has a volume of about 8 fluid ounces, or 1 cup. A jug of milk has a volume of 1 gallon.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the volume of a mayonnaise jar?\n\n0. 2 fluid ounces\n1. 2 gallons\n2. 2 cups"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the volume of a mayonnaise jar is 2 cups.\n2 fluid ounces is too little and 2 gallons is too much.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Maya inherited this trait?\n\n0. Some people use a hair dryer to straighten their hair. But Maya and her brothers have naturally straight hair.\n1. When she was younger, Maya wore ribbons in her naturally black hair.\n2. Both of Maya's biological parents have naturally black hair."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.\nWhen a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.\nBritney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.\nThe traditional usage above is considered more standard.\nDavid perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.\nThe nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich text uses the word travesty in its traditional sense?\n\n0. Kimi thought it a travesty that her local news network provided only limited coverage of the presidential debates.\n1. Kimi was upset about the local news network's coverage of the presidential debates, calling it a travesty of reporting that undermined important issues."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first text uses travesty in its traditional sense: a ridiculous imitation; a parody.\nKimi was upset about the local news network's coverage of the presidential debates, calling it a travesty of reporting that undermined important issues.\nThe second text uses travesty in its nontraditional sense: a disappointment or a tragedy.\nKimi thought it a travesty that her local news network provided only limited coverage of the presidential debates.\nMost style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word travesty because it is considered more standard.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.\nA simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.\nMy sister runs like a cheetah.\nThe sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.\nA cheetah is known for running fast, so the simile means that the sister also runs fast.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\nThe cat's fur and the night are compared using the word as.\nThe night is dark, so the simile means that the cat's fur is also dark.\nA metaphor compares two things by saying that one of them is the other. Unlike similes, metaphors don't use the word like or as.\nThe snow formed a blanket over the town.\nThe snow and a blanket are compared without the word like or as.\nA blanket is a large piece of cloth that completely covers a bed. The metaphor makes the reader imagine that the snow becomes a blanket, covering the town completely.\nUsing similes and metaphors in your writing can help you create an interesting picture for the reader.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence uses a metaphor?\n\n0. Our boots were muddy pig's hooves.\n1. Our boots were as muddy as a pig's hooves."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "This sentence uses a metaphor:\nOur boots were muddy pig's hooves.\nThe words boots and pig's hooves are compared without the word like or as.\nThis sentence uses a simile:\nOur boots were as muddy as a pig's hooves.\nThe words boots and pig's hooves are compared using the word as.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nVolume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.\nThere are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.\nThere are 1,000 milliliters in 1 liter. So, 1 milliliter is much less than 1 liter.\nA raindrop has a volume of about 20 milliliters, while a large soda bottle has a volume of 2 liters. The flask shown here measures volumes up to 500 milliliters.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the volume of a car's gas tank?\n\n0. 37 liters\n1. 37 milliliters"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for the volume of a car's gas tank is 37 liters.\n37 milliliters is too little.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.\nWhen a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.\nBritney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.\nThe traditional usage above is considered more standard.\nDavid perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.\nThe nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense?\n\n0. Danny shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.\n1. Danny shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.\nDanny shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.\nThe first text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; very.\nDanny shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.\nMost style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word terribly because it is considered more standard.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich block of copper has a lower temperature?\n\n0. the block of copper with less thermal energy\n1. the block of copper with more thermal energy"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two blocks of copper are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the block of copper with less thermal energy has a lower temperature.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All living things are made up of cells. Plants, animals, and some fungi have many cells. Other living things are made up of just one cell.\nAll living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. They use energy from food to grow and change.\nAll living things sense changes in their environment. Living things might sense changes by seeing, smelling, hearing, or feeling. Living things can respond to the changes they sense.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the living thing.\n\n0. banana tree\n1. yo-yo\n2. Mount Rushmore National Memorial\n3. candle"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A banana tree is a living thing.\nBanana trees grow and respond to their environment. They need food and water. Banana trees are made up of many cells.\nBanana trees are plants. They make their own food using water, carbon dioxide, and energy from sunlight.\nA candle is not a living thing.\nA candle does not have all the traits of a living thing. It gives off light and heat, but it does not need food or water to survive.\nMount Rushmore National Memorial is not a living thing.\nThe Mount Rushmore National Memorial is a sculpture of four American presidents: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln. The sculpture does not have all the traits of a living thing. It does not grow or respond to the world around it. It does not need food or water.\nA yo-yo is not a living thing.\nYo-yos do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to their environment. They do not need food or water.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.\nThe pitcher threw the ball to first base.\nA compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nThe pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.\nSome simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.\nAnna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.\nThis simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.\nThe singers bowed and walked off the stage.\nThis simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.\nThis is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a simple sentence?\n\n0. Mr. Hoffman cleans the chimney, and Mrs. Hoffman washes the car.\n1. Roosters have large combs on top of their heads."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second sentence is the simple sentence. It has one subject and predicate.\nRoosters have large combs on top of their heads.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following trait inherited or acquired?\nSue can ride a bicycle.\n\n0. acquired\n1. inherited"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "People are not born knowing how to ride a bicycle. Instead, many people learn how to ride. So, riding a bicycle is an acquired trait.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.\nIn a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.\nBurning a piece of paper is a chemical change. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then relink and form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are created when paper burns.\nIn a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.\nA change of state is a type of physical change. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence.\nLiquid tree resin hardening into amber is a ().\n\n0. chemical change\n1. physical change"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Tree resin hardening into amber is a chemical change. Heat and pressure over a long period of time can turn tree resin into amber. Amber is a different type of matter than resin.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.\nThe pitcher threw the ball to first base.\nA compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nThe pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.\nSome simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.\nAnna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.\nThis simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.\nThe singers bowed and walked off the stage.\nThis simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.\nThis is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a simple sentence?\n\n0. Earth is one of eight planets in our solar system.\n1. The singer remembered all the words, but he missed the high notes."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first sentence is the simple sentence. It has one subject and predicate.\nEarth is one of eight planets in our solar system.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nImagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?\nThe number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the bus is leaving. That is because the units are missing.\nTime is usually measured in units of seconds, minutes, or hours. It takes about 1 second to sneeze and 1 minute to get dressed in the morning. It takes about 1 hour to bake a pie in the oven.\nThere are 60 seconds in 1 minute. So, 1 second is much less than 1 minute.\nThere are 60 minutes in 1 hour. So, 1 minute is much less than 1 hour.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long does it take to do ten jumping jacks?\n\n0. 13 hours\n1. 13 seconds"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for how long it takes to do ten jumping jacks is 13 seconds.\n13 hours is too slow.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.\nAn independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.\nthe oranges on our tree are ripe\nThe clause can stand alone. It is independent.\nafter we pick up Kevin from work\nThe clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.\nA simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.\nBen and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.\nBen usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.\nA compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nWe saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.\nA complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.\nIf she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a compound sentence?\n\n0. Rhianna has always loved acting, and she often talks about moving to Hollywood.\n1. Emily and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.\nRhianna has always loved acting, and she often talks about moving to Hollywood.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.\nDistance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.\nTime tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.\nThink about objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving the slowest will go the shortest distance in that time. It is moving at the lowest speed.\n\nQuestion:\nCompare the motion of three geese. Which goose was moving at the lowest speed?\n\n0. a goose that moved 780miles west in 10hours\n1. a goose that moved 805miles south in 10hours\n2. a goose that moved 700miles south in 10hours"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Look at the distance each goose moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each goose moved does not affect its speed.\nNotice that each goose moved for 10 hours. The goose that moved 700 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that goose must have moved at the lowest speed.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nTemperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C). Use the list below to compare the two units.\n212F | Water boils | 100C\n98.6F | Body temperature | 37C\n68F | Room temperature | 20C\n32F | Water freezes | 0C\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the temperature of a bowl of ice cream?\n\n0. 40C\n1. 40F"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for the temperature of a bowl of ice cream is 40F.\n40C is too hot.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.\nWhen matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.\nSome solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.\nA glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.\nWhen matter is a liquid, it takes the shape of its container.\nThink about pouring a liquid from a cup into a bottle. The shape of the liquid is different in the cup than in the bottle. But the liquid still takes up the same amount of space.\nJuice is a liquid. Honey is also a liquid.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the solid.\n\n0. water in a sink\n1. book\n2. grape juice"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.\nAn independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.\nthe oranges on our tree are ripe\nThe clause can stand alone. It is independent.\nafter we pick up Kevin from work\nThe clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.\nA simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.\nBen and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.\nBen usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.\nA compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nWe saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.\nA complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.\nIf she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a simple sentence?\n\n0. Bridgette can eat the leftover tomato soup, or she can make herself a tuna sandwich.\n1. Open and honest communication is the foundation of a healthy relationship."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause.\nOpen and honest communication is the foundation of a healthy relationship.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sugar cube has more thermal energy?\n\n0. the hotter sugar cube\n1. the colder sugar cube"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two sugar cubes are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the hotter sugar cube has more thermal energy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.\nThere are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.\nA football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is the Red Sea?\n\n0. 1,400 inches\n1. 1,400 feet\n2. 1,400 yards\n3. 1,400 miles"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the length of the Red Sea is 1,400 miles.\n1,400 inches, 1,400 feet, and 1,400 yards are all too short.\nTherefore my final answer is: 3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:\nType | Examples\nslang | cool, awesome\nidioms | knock your socks off\nconversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah\nabbreviated language | ASAP, FYI\noverly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store\ncontractions | can't, won't\nContractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.\nCompare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.\nFormal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence is more formal?\n\n0. Customers should respond to this email ASAP.\n1. Customers should respond to this email at their earliest convenience."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses abbreviated language (ASAP).\nThe first sentence does not use abbreviated language, so it is more formal.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.\nThe tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.\nA red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is a long-distance running race?\n\n0. 38 centimeters\n1. 38 kilometers\n2. 38 millimeters\n3. 38 meters"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 38 kilometers.\n38 millimeters, 38 centimeters, and 38 meters are all too short.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.\nA material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.\nFor example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is the most flexible?\n\n0. rubber toy\n1. glass bowl\n2. plastic ball"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Flexible is a property. A flexible material can be bent without breaking easily.\nLook at each picture, one at a time. Imagine bending the material shown in each picture.\nOf the choices, the rubber toy is the most flexible. If you bend rubber, it will not break.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.\nThere are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.\nA football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is a long-distance running race?\n\n0. 6 feet\n1. 6 inches\n2. 6 miles"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 6 miles.\n6 inches and 6 feet are both too short.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Hakim inherited this trait?\n\n0. Hakim's biological father wears contacts in his hazel eyes.\n1. Hakim wears glasses and so do his sisters.\n2. Hakim's friend also has hazel eyes."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich closing is correct for a letter?\n\n0. love,\nJenna\n1. Love,\nJenna"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first closing is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nVolume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.\nThere are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.\nThere are 1,000 milliliters in 1 liter. So, 1 milliliter is much less than 1 liter.\nA raindrop has a volume of about 20 milliliters, while a large soda bottle has a volume of 2 liters. The flask shown here measures volumes up to 500 milliliters.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the volume of a test tube?\n\n0. 15 liters\n1. 15 milliliters"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for the volume of a test tube is 15 milliliters.\n15 liters is too much.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.\nMost present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.\nTwo verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.\nPast tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.\nMost past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.\nSome verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.\nFuture tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.\nAll future-tense verbs use the word will.\nPresent | Past | Future\nwalk, walks | walked | will walk\ngo, goes | went | will go\n\nQuestion:\nWhich tense does the sentence use?\nI will forgive Lindsey for the silly mistake.\n\n0. past tense\n1. present tense\n2. future tense"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, forgive. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\nThe protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.\nThe word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nA modern-day Icarus, Maddie launched into the first stretch of the marathon at a breakneck pace.\n\n0. Greek mythology\n1. Shakespeare"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion Icarus is Greek mythology.\nIn Greek mythology, Icarus's father Daedalus built wings for his son but warned him not to fly too high. Too excited to heed his father's advice, Icarus flew so close to the sun that his wings melted and he fell from the sky.\nThe allusion Icarus means an overconfident person who ignores his or her limitations.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Words are made up of syllables. Two kinds of syllables are closed and open.\nA closed syllable has one vowel and ends with a consonant. It usually has a short vowel sound.\ndesk: short e\nkit / ten: short i / short e\nAn open syllable ends with one vowel. It usually has a long vowel sound.\ngo: long o\nhe / ro: long e / long o\nSome open syllables end with y. The y makes a long e sound or a long i sound.\nsky: long i\nba / by: long a / long e\n\nQuestion:\nLook at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable?\nskip\n\n0. closed\n1. open"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The word skip ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound. So, it has a closed syllable.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAn allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.\n\"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!\" Lila remarked.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the allusion in this text suggest?\nTrevor seems to have the Midas touch. Without any special experience or training, he launched a thriving business and then established a well-respected charity.\n\n0. Trevor has a hands-on approach to his work.\n1. Trevor is successful at all that he does."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.\nThe allusion the Midas touch suggests that Trevor is successful at all that he does. In Greek mythology, King Midas has the power to turn anything he touches into gold, easily creating value from nothing.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.\nThe pitcher threw the ball to first base.\nA compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nThe pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.\nSome simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.\nAnna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.\nThis simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.\nThe singers bowed and walked off the stage.\nThis simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.\nThis is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a compound sentence?\n\n0. Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793.\n1. Long-distance runners need speed to win races, but they also need endurance."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction but.\nLong-distance runners need speed to win races, but they also need endurance.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAlliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.\nWhat a lucky little lady you are!\nAn allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.\n\"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!\" Lila remarked.\nAn idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.\nThe assignment was a piece of cake.\nA simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\nA metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.\nThe snow formed a blanket over the town.\nOnomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.\nThe scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.\nPersonification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.\nThe trees danced in the wind.\nA pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.\nA great new broom is sweeping the nation.\nVerbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.\nOlivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.\nEach breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nAfter Carla cooked and served a scrumptious dinner, Dad boasted that she is the Julia Child of our family.\n\n0. simile\n1. allusion"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.\nJulia Child alludes to the famous chef who is known for popularizing French cuisine in the United States.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.\nThere are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.\nSo, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.\nA slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a vacuum cleaner?\n\n0. 17 ounces\n1. 17 tons\n2. 17 pounds"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the mass of a vacuum cleaner is 17 pounds.\n17 ounces is too light and 17 tons is too heavy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\nSome traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.\nAn organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.\nAn organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.\nThe types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.\nA dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.\nA recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is Flopsy's phenotype for the ear type trait?\n\n0. normal ears\n1. dumbo ears"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Flopsy's genotype for the ear type gene is ee. Flopsy's genotype of ee has only e alleles. The e allele is for dumbo ears. So, Flopsy's phenotype for the ear type trait must be dumbo ears.\nTo check this answer, consider whether Flopsy's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for normal ears (E) is dominant over the allele for dumbo ears (e). This means E is a dominant allele, and e is a recessive allele.\nFlopsy's genotype of ee has only recessive alleles. An organism with only recessive alleles for a gene will have the recessive allele's version of the trait. So, Flopsy's phenotype for the ear type trait must be dumbo ears.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\nSome traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.\nAn organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.\nAn organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.\nThe types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.\nA dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.\nA recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the flower color trait?\n\n0. red flowers\n1. white flowers"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The scarlet rosemallow plant's genotype for the flower color gene is FF. The scarlet rosemallow plant's genotype of FF has only F allelles. The F allele is for red flowers. So, the scarlet rosemallow plant's phenotype for the flower color trait must be red flowers.\nTo check this answer, consider whether the scarlet rosemallow plant's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for white flowers (f) is recessive to the allele for red flowers (F). This means F is a dominant allele, and f is a recessive allele.\nThe scarlet rosemallow plant's genotype of FF has two dominant alleles. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the scarlet rosemallow plant's phenotype for the flower color trait must be red flowers.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the reptile.\n\n0. humpback whale\n1. gray tree frog\n2. green iguana\n3. California toad"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.\nThere are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.\nA California toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.\nToads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.\nA humpback whale is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.\nWhales are mammals that live in the ocean. Humpback whales have small hairs that grow from bumps around their mouth.\nA green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.\nIguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nWhich of the following statements is true?\n\n0. The president and the vice president of the United States are elected.\n1. The president of the United States makes all laws."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the fish.\n\n0. African bullfrog\n1. blue-footed booby\n2. African elephant\n3. green moray eel"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An African elephant is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.\nElephants live in groups called herds. The oldest female in the herd is usually the leader.\nA blue-footed booby is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.\nBlue-footed boobies live on tropical islands in the Pacific Ocean.\nA green moray eel is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.\nEels are long and thin. They may have small fins. They look like snakes, but they are fish!\nAn African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.\nFrogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water.\nTherefore my final answer is: 3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.\n\"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!\" Lila remarked.\nHere, Lila alludes to the fairy tale \"Cinderella,\" in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?\nMuch to our shock, Gordon chose to turn the other cheek when Erica insulted him in a meeting.\n\n0. the Bible\n1. U.S. history"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The source of the allusion turn the other cheek is the Bible.\nIn the Bible, Jesus counsels his followers to resist retaliation. He says that if they are struck on the right cheek, they shouldn't lash out; instead, they should turn the other cheek toward their attacker.\nThe allusion turn the other cheek means to respond without aggression.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich closing is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Your student,\nNora\n1. your student,\nNora"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second closing is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Kimi acquired this trait?\n\n0. Kimi's sister has a bruise from falling on her elbow.\n1. Kimi's scar is on her right elbow. Her father also has a scar on his right elbow.\n2. Kimi's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her arm when she fell off her bicycle."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.\nThe tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.\nA red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is a car key?\n\n0. 5 centimeters\n1. 5 kilometers\n2. 5 meters\n3. 5 millimeters"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The best estimate for the length of a car key is 5 centimeters.\n5 millimeters is too short. 5 meters and 5 kilometers are too long.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nAnswer the riddle.\nI am small and green.\nI live near water.\nI eat flies.\nWhat am I?\n\n0. a plant\n1. a frog"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A frog is small and green.\nA frog lives near water.\nA frog eats flies.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich cookie has more thermal energy?\n\n0. the colder cookie\n1. the hotter cookie"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two cookies are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the hotter cookie has more thermal energy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is Kino's phenotype for the fur color trait?\n\n0. orange fur\n1. FF"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Kino's observable version of the fur color trait is orange fur. So, Kino's phenotype for the fur color trait is orange fur.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Connor acquired this trait?\n\n0. Connor knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn.\n1. Connor learned how to knit in an after school program."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Therefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A force is a push or a pull.\nA force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.\nForces can be different sizes.\nThink about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. You will need to use a larger force to move the heavy object.\n\nQuestion:\nThe trucks begin to move at the same speed. Which truck needs a larger force to start moving?\n\n0. a mail truck carrying 600 pounds of mail\n1. a mail truck carrying 250 pounds of mail"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Look for the mail truck that is heavier.\nA mail truck carrying 600 pounds of mail is heavier than a mail truck carrying 250 pounds of mail. So, the mail truck carrying 600 pounds needs a larger force to start moving at the same speed as the other mail truck.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich object has the most thermal energy?\n\n0. a 350-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 75C\n1. a 350-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 54C\n2. a 350-gram mug of cider at a temperature of 53C"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "All three mugs of cider have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 75C mug of cider is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.\nAn independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.\nthe oranges on our tree are ripe\nThe clause can stand alone. It is independent.\nafter we pick up Kevin from work\nThe clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.\nA simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.\nBen and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.\nBen usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.\nA compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nWe saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.\nA complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.\nIf she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a complex sentence?\n\n0. We discussed a variety of topics, including Mexican art, Canadian politics, and Japanese food.\n1. Although she left her house early, Nellie barely made it to the train station in time."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second sentence is the complex sentence. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction although.\nAlthough she left her house early, Nellie barely made it to the train station in time.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.\nThere are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestrial ecosystems can differ from each other:\nthe pattern of weather, or climate\nthe type of soil\nthe organisms that live there\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the tundra ecosystem.\n\n0. This ecosystem has:\nhot summers and cool winters\na medium amount of rain\nsoil that is rich in nutrients\n1. This ecosystem has:\nlong, cold winters and short, cold summers\nmostly small plants\nsoil that is frozen year-round\n2. This ecosystem has:\nwarm summers and warm winters\na rainy season and a dry season\nsoil that is poor in nutrients"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A tundra is a type of ecosystem. It has long, cold winters and short, cold summers, mostly small plants, and soil that is frozen year-round.\nChoice 1 is a tundra ecosystem. It is cold, dry, and rocky. Tundras have permafrost, or soil that is frozen year-round.\nChoice 2 is a prairie grassland ecosystem. It has hot summers with some rain and cool winters with some snow.\nChoice 3 is a savanna grassland ecosystem. It is covered in grasses and has a dry season and a wet season.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.\nThe Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach\nThese words are not important in titles:\nArticles, a, an, the\nShort prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up\nCoordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or\n\nQuestion:\nWhich correctly shows the title of a TV show?\n\n0. You Can't Make This Stuff Up!\n1. you Can't Make This Stuff Up!"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.\nThe correct title is You Can't Make This Stuff Up!\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nImagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?\nThe number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the bus is leaving. That is because the units are missing.\nTime is usually measured in units of seconds, minutes, or hours. It takes about 1 second to sneeze and 1 minute to get dressed in the morning. It takes about 1 hour to bake a pie in the oven.\nThere are 60 seconds in 1 minute. So, 1 second is much less than 1 minute.\nThere are 60 minutes in 1 hour. So, 1 minute is much less than 1 hour.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long does it take for an ice cube to melt on a hot sidewalk?\n\n0. 3 minutes\n1. 3 hours"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The better estimate for how long it takes for an ice cube to melt on a hot sidewalk is 3 minutes.\n3 hours is too slow.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich bottle of water has a higher temperature?\n\n0. the bottle of water with less thermal energy\n1. the bottle of water with more thermal energy"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two bottles of water are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the bottle of water with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question:\nAnswer the riddle.\nI am round.\nYou can catch me.\nYou can play games with me.\nWhat am I?\n\n0. a ball\n1. a book"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A ball is round.\nYou can catch a ball.\nYou can play games with a ball.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the amphibian.\n\n0. domestic pig\n1. western rattlesnake\n2. green tree frog\n3. water buffalo"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A domestic pig is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.\nPigs are omnivores. This means that they can eat both plants and animals.\nA western rattlesnake is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.\nRattlesnakes have fangs they can use to inject venom into their prey.\nA water buffalo is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.\nWater buffaloes live in Asia. Some people raise water buffaloes for their milk.\nA green tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.\nThere are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.\nWhen Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.\nThe pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.\nVague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:\n1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:\nWhen Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.\n2. Rewrite the sentence:\nLisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.\nA vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.\nThey say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.\nThe pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.\nThis problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.\nThe advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?\n\n0. At lunchtime, Ethan can often be found reading at his favorite caf, where they provide unlimited coffee refills.\n1. At lunchtime, Ethan can often be found reading at his favorite caf, where the servers provide unlimited coffee refills."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.\nThe first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with the servers.\nAt lunchtime, Ethan can often be found reading at his favorite caf, where the servers provide unlimited coffee refills.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0"
}
] |
Subsets and Splits