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deny and and all i would attempt to prove in the way of is that its happiness will often prove to be of a different kind from what has been anticipated all that has been expected to be enjoyed from the indulgence of selfishness must then of necessity be left out of our calculations with all that ministers to the pride of superiority all that the love of power all that the woman into the heroine as well as all that renders her an object of general interest and attraction it may very naturally be asked what then remains i answer the love of married life and in this answer is embodied the richest treasure which this earth affords all other kinds of love hold by a very slender the object of supreme regard but here the actual tie is severed only by the stroke of death while mutual interest instead of renders it more secure the love of a parent for a child natural and pure and holy as it is can never bind that child beyond a certain period within its influence while the love of a child for a parent must necessarily be interrupted in the course of nature by the dissolution of its earthly hold the love of a brother or a sister must ever be ready to give place to dearer claims and that of a friend though very precious while it lasts has no real security for its continuance and yet all these according to the laws which our being in their own place and measure supply the natural craving of the human heart for something beyond which it may call its own and in the certainty of possessing which it may repose nor is that sage philosophy which would deny the existence of this craving or make light of its there is no moody however solitary the lot he chooses for himself but within the secret of his soul some yearning thought of how he might have been and could have loved there is no of public movements hardened and sharpened by the fierce contact of interests but seeks some chosen spot of rest where the cold of his selfishness may be thrown oft before that being whose hand has been accustomed to pour into his breast the of sympathy and love there is no outcast from the walks of life no victim of its cruel vices no of religion and its sacred institutions but at times a secret impulse to cling to something more kind more gentle and less degraded than himself nor is it only in our human sympathies that this craving is developed the tame bird or the pet lamb is folded to the solitary bosom of the neglected child with as intense a feeling as if it knew the thoughts of tender ness pent up and aching there the whose soul is alike at enmity with god and man enters his narrow cell and calling to his side his faithful dog smiles on the unconscious animal with a look which at once the history of his wasted heart and strange to say it is sometimes even thus with ambition and with many of those aims and occupations which man s life they are followed not for the results they bring so much as for the promises they offer for the vague hopes they hold out mat their entire accomplishment will satisfy the of an soul but perhaps more than in any other case is it thus with literary fame in the pursuit of which how many are urged on by a strong though it may seem to some a fanciful impression that the voice of feeling which has failed to find an echo in its own immediate i a b it tc h it c f v the love of married life i sphere may in the wide world through which it is sent forth touch in some unknown breast a sympathetic and thus awaken a emotion but if with man the most powerful and independent of created beings there ever exists this want of spiritual reliance and communion what must it be to the weaker heart of woman to find one earthly hold after another giving way and to look around upon the great wilderness of life in which she stands and consequently alone if there be one principle in woman s nature stronger than all others it is that which her to seek sympathy and protection from some being whom she may love and by whom she may be loved in return the influence of fashion is perhaps of all others to which the female sex is exposed the most to the heart the most to its warm and genuine emotions yet i much question whether the successful candidate for public admiration would not sometimes willingly retire from the splendid circle in which she is the centre of attraction to receive in private the real homage of one noble and heart having failed in this woman s first and most ambition how often does she go forth into the world to waste upon the cold and polished surface of society those of thought and feeling which might if more wisely directed have made a happy home and how often is she compelled to look appalled and horror struck upon the utter of the reward which follows this expenditure when the same in a different soil and under happier culture might have enabled her to gather into her bosom a hundred fold the richer fruits of confidence and affection it is only in the married state that the boundless of woman s love can be fully known or appreciated there may in other situations be occasional instances of heroic self sacrifice and devotion to an earthly object but it is only here that the lapse of time and the familiar occasions of every day can afford opportunities of exhibiting the same spirit through all those minor	41
channels which flow like through the bosom of every family where the influence of woman is alike happy in its exercise and enlightened in its character out of all which our first parents sacrificed when they lost their high estate it was permitted them to retain their mutual love and it is possible to imagine that the mother of mankind even when looking her last upon that whose flowers her care had tended would turn to the companion of her with a deeper and more fervent appeal to his sympathy and affection than she ever could have felt the need of in those of beauty where a leaf was never seen to fade thus out of her very weakness and from among the many which have beset the path of woman since that day of awful doom has arisen a more intense desire and a more urgent need for the support of a stronger nature with which her own can mingle until it almost loses the bitter consciousness of having all claim to be still an of paradise lest however the temptations to this forgetfulness should stand between her and the necessity there is to seek a higher and a rest there has fallen on her earthly lot some shadows which the light of earthly love is not sufficient to even love itself has sometimes failed and worse than all in her own bosom has become extinguished in order to know how to this calamity it is necessary to endeavor to look calmly and at the subject in every point of view to the visions of imagination and to ask what is the real cause of where woman has so much at stake love may arise but it does not continue to exist without some care and culture in a mind whose ideas are all floating at large and whose emotions of feeling or affection are left to the of impulse by the discipline or reason there will naturally arise strange wandering thoughts which will be likely at any the wives of england moment to so frail a fabric as love under such circumstances must ever be one tendency in the mind of the married woman who has thus neglected the government of her own feelings will be on every occasion of momentary vexation or dissatisfaction to compare her husband with other men to his disadvantage than which nothing can be more dangerous or more inconsistent with that which ought ever to be a leading characteristic in the love of married life nor can any thing well be more or absurd since there is no human being however excellent who may not in some way or other be made to suffer by comparison with others besides which what right have we as frail and creatures to in this connection to an alliance with a being entirely or even more perfect than ourselves if then there should occasionally arise feelings of disappointment and dissatisfaction as the lapse of time and a nearer acquaintance develop a husband s faults it is good to bear in mind that the same exposure of your own from the same cause must necessarily have taken place and by often dwelling upon this view of the subject a degree of charitable feeling will be excited more calculated to humble and the heart than to it against the of another still there are frequent of temper which some men through ignorance and others from or the love of power are not over scrupulous to avoid and these to an irritable temperament are often more trying than greater from what is strictly right against the and occasional resentment which an of these trials call forth there is one great and solemn consideration by which a woman of right feeling may at any time add sufficient weight to the balance in her husband s favor she may think of his death of the emotions with which she would receive his last farewell and of what would be her situation if deprived at once of bis love his advice and his protection we are all perhaps too little accustomed to such thoughts as these except where illness or accident places them immediately before us we are too much in the habit of looking upon the thread of life with us as far more likely to be broken first and of thinking that the stronger frame must necessarily endure the longest but one thought that the sentence of loneliness may possibly be how i does it sweep away as by a single the mist of little which had gathered around a beloved form and reveal to us at one glance the manly beauties of a noble or a generous character even beauties less than these the kind look the cordial welcome the patient answer the mild forbearance the gentle and familiar acts of every day which never affection prompted and the smile which beamed upon us perhaps when we deserved it least all these come back and live before us as often as we think of the possibility of losing them forever and it is good to have the heart thus softened and subdued thus made to feel how completely the petty of each day would vanish from our minds if we stood by the dying couch of him who never offended but in little things and heard the parting of the friend who would fain leave behind him a blessing which his living presence had failed to bestow it is an unspeakable privilege enjoyed ty the women of england that in the middle ranks of life a married woman however youthful or attractive if her own manners are is seldom or never exposed to the attentions of men so as to lead her affections out of their proper channel how much is gained in domestic and social happiness by this from customs which prevail on the continent it is here unnecessary to attempt to describe for i	41
cannot imagine there is any right minded woman still less any christian wife who does not number it among the peculiar blessings of her country and her sex yet even in our privileged land where the established rules of society are so much more favorable ii the love op married life than in others to the purity of social morals and the of home there may occasionally occur an attempted from these rules on the part of ignorant or men in all such cases however the slightest approach to undue familiarity is easily by such a look and manner as all women know how to make use of in what is not acceptable and even in more trifling cases or where the temptation to be agreeable the inclination to be otherwise i believe that a frank and easy manner of speaking of a husband with respect and evident affection would answer every purpose of putting a stop to such advances while on the other hand nothing can be more likely to invite them than speaking in complaining terms either of a husband or of his behavior towards yourself but the both at home and abroad and the truest test by which to prove the propriety of every look and act and word when mixing in the society of other men is a sincere and faithful love for the companion of your choice without this it would be vain to lay down rules by which a wandering fancy might be kept in check an enlightened conscience alone in such a case can point out exactly how to act while with this love there needs no other guide it is itself so pure so constant and so true that conscience only echoes what its happier voice and now having thus loved your husband and cast in your lot with his having chosen his portion his people and his god for yours it is meet that you should love him to the last it is true there are cases where a gradual of character or a sudden fell from moral renders affection the last offering a stranger would think it possible to make at such a shrine but if others turn away there is the more need for such a man that his wife should love him still there is the more need that one friend should remain to be near him in his moments of if such should ever come or to watch the lingering light of better days so as if possible to it once more into a cheerful and flame of all the states of suffering which have ever swelled the ocean of human tears there is none in the smallest degree to the situation of such a wife yet as if by some law of nature which raises the sweetest flowers from out the least apparently congenial soil it is here that we so often see the character of woman developed in all its loveliest and noblest attributes it is here that we see to what an almost height that character can rise when stripped of its vanity and of its selfishness alas that she should wait for the of a cruel before she will even to that perfection of moral beauty of which her nature is capable if to love the vicious or the degraded were necessarily to love their vices too it would be a melancholy picture to see an amiable woman falling into such a but though unquestionably too many do this and sometimes almost unconsciously themselves with vice either from constant association with what is evil or from the habit of referring their own judgment of right and wrong to that of a and degraded mind there are others with the and with the convictions on these points go on from day to day beholding what they hate in the most intimate connection with what they love while contemplating the fate of such our only consolation is to compare their situation as it is with what it would be were there no channel open to mercy and to hope for the of a heavily laden heart through the medium of prayer friends bring no comfort earth holds no consolation for those who weep such tears yet often in the depth of their affliction have they been enabled to own and bless the of a father s hand and to feel that in that very there was love but it is time to turn our attention to that portion of the love of married life which belongs more especially to the other sex and here the first thing to be observed is that no the wives op england man s heart can be said to be really gained before his marriage he may be the most of the most flattering of admirers and even the most devoted of lovers but his affection has not been tried in the way which brings it to the test it is true it may have been tried by absence by caprice by coldness or neglect but it has yet to be tried by the security of entire possession by the monotony of and i grieve to add too often by the neglect of those personal attractions by which it was at first so invited how little do women think of this when by the security of the marriage tie they are rendered careless of the preservation of the richest jewel in their wreath and one which never yet was secured to its possessor by any outward bond how little do they reflect that while it is the natural tendency of woman s heart to become more tenderly attached to the being with whom she is thus associated it is not so with that of man and thus it becomes the study of a life to retain in all its freshness and its beauty the precious committed to their trust nor should we murmur that it is so	41
for once possessed of this treasure and secure of its continuance what should we to beyond our present state even as things are we see a marked neglect in the behavior of some wives as if their husbands were equally bound to love as to protect them what then would be the degree of carelessness prevailing among women if this were really the case and if the heart of man invariably and of necessity went along with his duty as a husband happily for our sex however there are means of securing this treasure more than the marriage vow and among these i shall mention first the of not being too requiring it must ever be borne in mind that man s love even in its happiest exercise is not like woman s for while she herself through every hour in fondly weaving one beloved image into all her thoughts he gives to her comparatively few of his and of these perhaps m neither the nor the best his highest hopes and brightest energies must ever be expected to themselves upon the promotion of some favorite scheme or the advancement of some public measure and if with satisfaction he turns to her after the efforts of the day have been com and weary and perhaps comes back to pour into her faithful bosom the history of those trials which the world can never know and would not pity if it could if she can thus supply to the extent of his utmost wishes the sympathy and the advice the confidence and the repose of which he is in need she will have little cause to think herself neglected it is a wise beginning then for every married woman to make up her mind to be for gotten through the greater part of every day to make up her mind to many rivals too in her husband s attentions though not in his love and among these i would mention one whose claims it is folly to dispute since no or representations on her her part will ever be able to render less at the charms of this i mean the newspaper of whose absorbing interest some wives are weak enough to a sort of childish jealousy when they ought rather to congratulate themselves that their most formidable rival is one of paper the same observations apply perhaps in a more serious manner to those occupations which lead men into public life if the object be to do good either by or benevolent designs and not merely to make himself the head of a party a judicious and right woman will be too happy for her husband to be in a noble cause to put in competition with his public efforts any loss she may sustain in personal attention or domestic comfort a system of persecution carried on against such manly as reading the newspaper or even against the household necessarily accompanying attention to public business has the worst possible effect upon a husband s the love op married life per and general state of feeling so much bo that i am inclined to think a greater amount of real love has been actually away than ever was destroyed by more direct or more powerfully means the same system of is sometimes most kept up for the purpose of calling forth a succession of those little personal attentions which if not rendered are utterly destitute of value and ought never to be required to all married women it must be gratifying to receive from a husband just so much attention as a consciousness of her presence but with this acknowledgment expressed in any manner which may be most congenial to her husband s tastes and habits a woman of true delicacy would surely be satisfied without wishing to for more still less would she annoy him with an exhibition of her own fondness under the idea of its being necessarily returned in kind it is a holy and a blessed mystery from the secrets of which in its mastery over the human mind almost all women who have ever been beloved have learned the power of their own tenderness but in proportion to the purity of its nature and the of its exercise is its of being abused and degraded thus all exhibition of fondness before a third party may justly be looked upon as indicating a total ignorance of the intensity and the purity of that which alone i deserves the name of love while could one imagine the possibility of such a thing all exercise of this fondness made use of for the purpose of obtaining advantage over a husband s judgment or inclination could only be supposed to arise out of the meanest impulse of a low an artful and a degraded mind but we cannot for a moment imagine such things really are we cannot believe that a woman conscious of her personal attractions could hang about her husband s neck or weep or act the impassioned heroine for the base purpose of him to make some concession which in his calmer moments he could not be prevailed upon to grant no the true heart of woman knows too well that that sweet gift of heaven granted in consideration to her weakness was never meant to be made use of as an instrument of power to gain a selfish end but was permitted her for the high and holy purpose of softening the harder and more nature of man so as to render it capable of impressions upon which the seal of eternity might be set it requires much tact as well as delicacy to know how to render expressions of at all times appropriate and consequently acceptable and as love is for too excellent a thing to be wasted and tenderness too precious to be thrown away a sensible woman will most consult her husband s mood and temper in this re as well	41
as you can be to aim at the latter rather than the former is the duty of every one but especially of the married woman the great business of whose life is to soothe and cheer not to to weary or to annoy if therefore before marriage she has been into the notion that a of little invested her character with an interesting kind of delicacy the sooner she becomes perfectly well after marriage the better it will be for herself and for all around her lest however the liberty of these remarks should appear to touch those who are really afflicted i must refer the reader for a proof of what may be done in the way of bearing pain with cheerfulness and resignation to those many beautiful instances which adorn the history of woman where her own sufferings appear to be forgotten in the intensity of her desire to make others happy and here again we see the necessity of having made such acts of self sacrifice habitual no human being however great the momentary effort can practise this kind of self government or exercise this degree of generosity merely from the force of transient impulse and when the greater claims upon the attention of a wife render illness to her a more painful and trying ordeal than it has ever been before she will feel the greater need of having practised in her early years the habit of so far the expression of personal feeling as by making the best of her and gratefully embracing such opportunities of enjoyment as still remain to be able to render it not an irksome duty but a privilege to be near her in sickness and suffering it is a great pity when those trials which render affection so essential to our support should be made the means of driving it away nor is it at all necessary that this should be the case with men for there is a kindness and a forbearance mingled with their higher virtues which sometimes from them the most devoted and delicate attentions in the season of illness and all who have experienced and felt the real value of such attentions will estimate them too highly to be willing that a habit of or unnecessary complaining should thus deprive the hour of suffering of its greatest earthly consolation it would not be just even if it were possible to speak on this subject and to leave by expressions of gratitude and admiration the gentle kindness and patience with which some men can devote themselves to the duties of a sick room or how by their superior strength added sometimes to a higher degree of tenderness and delicacy they can render those services to a weak or suffering wife which nothing but the love of married life can either purchase or repay but though one would willingly forgive the wife who for the gratification afforded by such kindness would almost wish to suffer it must ever be remembered that not by complaining of every little ache and pain is such kindness to be purchased but by bearing with sweetness and serenity those trials which the all wise of human events sees meet to inflict it is in seasons such as these that the perfect identity in the marriage bond is most deeply felt that identity which gives a spiritual nature to an earthly union it is true we are told there is no such thing as giving in marriage in heaven but we are left to enjoy the happiness of believing that there is something almost heavenly in the marriage of true minds something which brings us nearer than any other circumstance in this state to an apprehension of what must be the enjoyment of those regions of felicity where all are blended into one and where the essential principle of that one is love nor is it the feast wonderful property belonging to this drop of sweetness in life s great ocean that it can exist almost of outward circumstances how many of the of poverty and suffering have nothing else and yet their lot is scarcely to be called bitter so long the wives op england as they have this on the other hand how many a desolate but brow would its envied wreath for the privilege of sharing this enjoyment with one who was equally loving and beloved let us not however fall into the romantic notion that outward circumstances have nothing to do with the maintenance of this strong feeling of identity poverty of itself or in the abstract would probably never be able to shake the foundation of man s love or woman s either but such is the complicated texture of the human mind that no single portion of suffering or enjoyment exists to us alone but each draws along with it a train of links by which it is connected sometimes with what is most and to its own nature thus it is the manner in which poverty is borne which so frequently the greatest trial of love the mutual and suspicions which it calls forth not its suffering its and its for under these it is within the province of love to support and to console and on the other hand it is the vanity the and the of interests excited by circumstances of extraordinary prosperity which often prove fatal to the love of married life when the wider range of duties and privileges belonging to an exalted station might have constituted a stronger bond of sympathy between individuals thus elevated together thus the fault is not in the love of married life that it gives way so often under the trial of outward circumstances but in the power so frequently brought to bear against it from the wrong feelings which circumstances are allowed to call into action of man s love it must ever be remembered too that if once destroyed it is	41
destroyed forever woman has the strong power of her sympathy and her imagination by which interest can be re awakened and the past can be made to live again but the nature of man s affection admits of no very potent from such causes when once his tenderness toward the object of his affection is extinguished his love may too truly be said to have lost its bloom its freshness and its intensity a sense of duty may still supply what propriety requires and a feeling that his doom is fixed may prevent any great expenditure of thought in sad and regrets but who that has looked m on this picture and on that who that has observed the dull and leaden aspect presented by married life under these circumstances could contemplate with of mind the possibility of its succeeding in the place of that bright and glowing picture first brought to light by the early promise of mutual love it should then be the first and last study of every married woman to preserve this picture in all its purity and all its freshness remembering ever that it is not from the great and stirring accidents of time that the most danger is to be apprehended but that u a word unkind or taken or lore which tempest never shook a a touch like this hath shaken it is not therefore by from outward calamity that woman can preserve mis treasure of her life but by maintaining through all the little incidents of daily intercourse a true and faithful heart towards her husband true in its own true also to the various of human nature and true in its attachment to his interests both as they relate to time and to eternity chapter to of married life if in describing the domestic happiness of english homes the love of married life were all which had to be dwelt upon the task of the writer would be like that of one who enters a garden for no other purpose than to the flowers but as among the fairest productions of nature the intrusion of weeds must ever be anticipated so among the brighter scenes of human life dark pas trials of married life must occasionally be expected and happy will it be if they only appear like pass ing clouds over the landscape leaving the i aspect of the whole more vivid and beautiful for the trifling interruption to its and repose that married life has its peculiar trials it would imply great ignorance of the actual state of human affairs to attempt to and while we gladly admit the fact that it is possible to be happier in this state than any human being can be alone we must also bear in mind that it is possible to be more miserable perhaps for this very reason that the greatest trials connected with this state of existence are such as cannot be told and therefore such as necessarily set the sufferer apart from all human sympathy and consolation many of these however may be greatly by a to meet them in a proper way but more especially by an habitual of self to the interests and the happiness of others among the trials peculiar to married life we will first speak of those of temper and here it is necessary to refer again to the common delusion prevailing among young women which leads them to look forward to the time of marriage as the opening of a scene of unlimited indulgence where every wish will be consulted and every inclination gratified to its full extent and where consequently it will be impossible that should ever come it requires but little reflection to perceive that even if the husband had been sincere in all the promises which as a lover he held forth it would not be in his power to render the lot of any woman one of enjoyment for however his own part might be fulfilled it would still be the inevitable consequence of thus setting out together in the serious business of conducting a household that circumstances should press upon both so as either to their inclinations or bend them to submission beyond these however it must be allowed that there are no trials of temper arising out of the cross incident to family affairs at au to be compared with those which belong to the close intercourse of persons of habits bound together for life it is a curious fact that however irritable the temper may be a stranger has comparatively no power to it while on the other hand the closer the intimacy the greater is the both to pain and provocation where that intimacy is made use of as a key to the secret passages of the heart hence the bland and patient smiles with which a stranger is sometimes listened to when a sister or a brother conversing in the same style would scarcely be endured and hence the answer sometimes bestowed upon a husband when a guest is immediately spoken to in the and most tone there is something too in the bare fact of being bound together which instead of rendering it for that reason an object of supreme desire that the bondage should be one of silken rather than one of weary chains seems to produce in the human mind a sort of perverse determination to bear whatever must be borne as badly as we can that the prospect of having to combat with any trial of temper but for a very limited space of time has a peculiar effect in rendering it more tolerable we have sufficient proof in the conduct of hired nurses who perhaps of au human beings have the most to put up with in the way of of this kind it cannot be supposed that persons of this description possess any peculiar advantages in the way of mental discipline to give them this	41
power of self command nor is it a question of self interest for of all persons that would be most likely to operate upon the wife neither have they time or opportunity in the majority of cases for themselves by any feelings of affection to the objects of their care it is the simple fact that all wiu soon be over and that to them it is ultimately of no sort of consequence which them to bear with such amazing the trials of patience to which they are so frequently subjected while on the the wives op england other hand the consideration that it must be thus and thus always appears at once to excite a spirit of resistance where resistance is most vain but that there is inherent in the human mind this spirit of contradiction and also that men with all their dignified and noble attributes are sometimes though often unconsciously provoking to an irritable temperament there is one consideration which a generous mind will be ever willing to dwell upon with so much as at least to make when it has been betrayed into any excess of if not wholly to submit with cheerfulness and resignation to this peculiar regarding it as among the of providence designed for purposes inscrutable perhaps to human reason yet not the less in accordance with mercy and with wisdom but in order to judge more candidly on this subject let us single out a few instances of the most familiar kind on both sides and if the merit of and absence of design does not on the side of man i shall be much mistaken in my calculations i have always been accustomed to consider it as the trial to the temper of a married woman to have an idle husband and if in addition to his business or such manly occupations as an from the necessities of business would leave him at liberty to pursue he is personally idle sitting at with his feet upon the occasionally together the whole army of fire irons with one stroke of his foot agitated at intervals by the mere muscular irritation of having nothing to do or not choosing to do any thing and if he should happen to have chosen for his wife a woman of active bustling character as such men not do i believe i must as in some other instances leave it to the reader to suggest some possible means by which such a woman may at all times control her temper and keep the peace at her own fireside one thing however is certain in such a case it is not by of momentary indignation that an idle man can be stimulated into action so far from it he will rather be made worse and rendered more idle by any direct opposition to the indulgence of his personal inclinations whatever good is to be done in such a case can only be effected from the convictions of his own mind brought about by the quiet operation of affectionate and judicious reasoning for if the wife should be enough to throw out reproaches against him representing the disgusting nature of idleness in its true colors or if she should seek to establish her own claims to his exertions so as to convey an idea of her arguments tending to a selfish end she might as well go fire with snow as attempt to rouse her husband into healthy and consistent habits of activity by such means here too we might mention as pre eminent among the trials of married life though i question whether it so immediately upon the temper as some others the inherent in the nature of some men to spend their own money and sometimes the money of their friends in vague speculations and visionary schemes the man who is possessed with this for in certain cases it deserves no other name is neither to be convinced by argument nor experience that after ninety nine failures he is not very likely to succeed the time and the wife who knows that the maintenance of herself and her family is entirely dependent upon him has abundant need for supplies of strength and patience beyond what any earthly source can afford among other causes of irritation and forming reasonable ground of complaint is the disposition evinced by some men to be and cruel to animals and this i must think is one of the cases in which we are recommended to be angry and sin not yet even in this instance when we look at the education of and consider the absence there is of all regard to the feelings of trials of married life even in the minds of the most i females except where early instruction has given to this regard the force of principle great and charitable allowance ought to be made for the conduct of men in this respect and perhaps the best and only means of the evil which any woman can adopt is to bring up her children if she be a mother with higher and more enlightened views of the of christian duty it is a well known fact that men in appear to consider themselves justly entitled to the privilege of being out of humor about their food thus the whole pleasure of a social meal is sometimes destroyed by some trifling error in the department or the non appearance of some expected indulgence but here again our forbearance is called into exercise by remembering the probability there is that such men have had ally mothers who made the pleasures of their childhood to consist chiefly of such as belong to the and here too if the wife cannot remedy this evil and in all probability it will be beyond her power to do so she may by her judicious efforts to promote the welfare of the rising generation impart to the youthful minds committed	41
to her care or subject to her influence a estimate of what belongs to the true enjoyment of intellectual and immortal beings with all occasions of domestic such as washing days and other of comfort and order some men of irritable temperament open and determined war but may we not ask in con i with this subject whether their pre against these household movements have not been or immediately excited by the extreme and unnecessary confusion and disturbance with which they are tee frequently accompanied for i cannot think that a reasonable man on comparing an english home with a french one for instance would desire to be altogether from such domestic and if properly managed so as to interfere as little as possible with his personal comfort and conducted with general cheerfulness and good humor such a man might easily be brought to consider them as necessary to the good of his household as the refreshing shower is to the summer soil a and habitual neglect of on the part of the master of a house is certainly a grievance very difficult to bear because as he is the principal person in the household and the first to be considered the whole machinery of domestic management must necessarily be dependent upon his movements and more especially since it so happens that persons who are the most accustomed to keep others waiting have the least patience to wait for others thus it not occurs that a wife is all day urging on her servants to a punctual attention to the dinner hour appointed by her husband and when that hour arrives he has either forgotten it himself or he allows some trifling to prevent his returning home until one or perhaps two hours later yet the same man though in the habit of doing this day after day will be excessively annoyed if for once in his life he should be punctual to the appointed time and not find all things ready on his return perhaps too the master of a family on days of household bustle when extra business has to be done will not choose to rise so early as usual or he will sit reading the newspaper while his breakfast waits and thus keep every member of his family standing about with all the business of the day before them or he may be one of those who like that women should be always ready long before the necessary time and thus habitually name an hour for meeting or setting out from home at which he has not the remotest intention of being ready himself now as the time of women if properly employed is too precious to be wasted something surely may be done not by to the movements of such a man so as to make him true to his own appointment but by convincing him that common honesty requires him simply to state the actual time at which he does intend to the wives of england be ready and here we see at once one of those numerous instances in which a reasonable man will listen and endeavor to while an unreasonable man will either not listen or not take the slightest pains to improve again there are men who like the importance and the feeling of power and decision which it gives them to set out on a journey as if upon the spur of the moment without having communicated their intentions even to the wife who is most interested in making preparations for such a movement and there are others who when consulted about any thing cannot be brought to give either their attention or their advice so as to assist the judgment of a wife who would gladly give satisfaction if she could yet when the time to act upon their advice is past will bestow their attention a little too severely upon the unfortunate being who consulting her own judgment as the only guide she had will most probably have done exactly what they did not wish but it would be an endless task to go on instances of this description i have merely mentioned these as specimens of the kind of daily and trials which most women have to expect in the married state and which as i have before stated may be greatly softened down if not entirely reconciled by the consideration already alluded to besides which it is but candid to allow that the greater proportion of these against temper and patience in one of those peculiarities in the character of man which i have omitted to mention in its proper place i mean the under which he labors of placing himself in idea in the situation of another person so as to identify his feelings with theirs and thus to enter into what they suffer and enjoy as if the feeling were his own this appears to be peculiarly a feminine one and it exists among women in so high a degree as to leave them little excuse if they or give offence to others because this innate power which they possess of themselves for the moment with another nature might if they would use it for such a purpose enable them not so much to know as to feel when they were giving pain or awakening displeasure men as i have just stated are comparatively destitute of this power as well as of that of sympathy to which it is so nearly allied when therefore they appear to women so perverse and are consequently so difficult to bear with it is often from their being wholly unconscious of the actual state of the case of the long of which their thoughtless ways are weaving and consequently of the wounded feeling disappointment and vexation which such not upon the weaker mind of woman when the whole of her daily existence must be regulated by the movements of a husband who thinks of m none of these	41
things but we have not yet sufficiently examined that one consideration which ever remains to be weighed in the balance against the trials of patience arising out of the conduct of men and here we must first have you yourself no personal peculiarities exactly opposed to your husband s notions of what is agreeable such as habits of disorder dressing in bad taste or any other of those minor from delicacy or good breeding which he might not have had an opportunity of observing before marriage t we all know that in men these peculiarities are of little importance compared with what they are in the other sex if therefore you offend in these things you run imminent risk of by a succession of little the warmth and the intensity of your husband s affection for man s love it must ever be remembered is far more dependent than that of woman upon having the taste and the fancy always pleased and consequently upon with perfect complacency on the object of its regard have we not all then abundant cause to be grateful for being borne with in our and loved in spite of our personal defects but if such peculiarities as these are of trials of life so sufficient importance to cast a shadow over the sunny spots of life what must we say of some others occasionally in the character and conduct of women to which it is scarcely possible that much charity should be extended and here i would ask if you have never up against your husband some standing cause of complaint to be thrown at him when an opportunity is offered by the presence of a friend or a stranger for this weapon from the household quiver with perfect safety to yourself have you not upon the whole preferred having such to complain o rather than taking such and judicious measures as would be likely effectually to accomplish their removal have you never in addition to this refused an offer of personal gratification when it was convenient or agreeable for your husband to indulge you with it and professed a somewhat exaggerated desire to accept of it when the thing was impossible or at feast extremely difficult for your husband to grant have you never made the most of household troubles spread forth the of a wash allowed the affairs of the kitchen to extend themselves to the parlor complained of servants and work people and appeared altogether in your own person more harassed exhausted and forlorn after your husband s return home than you did before on purpose that he might be compelled not only to pity you but to bear a portion of your domestic discomfort himself when a of cross occur or mistakes have rendered every moment one of perplexity and haste have you never when involved with your husband in such circumstances added fuel to the fire by your own or by still more provoking exclamations of triumph that you thought it would come to that or when your husband has returned at an hour considerably later than he had appointed have you never begun with breathless haste to with him and even allowed your to extend to reproaches before you gave him time to himself or to say whether he had not in reality been detained now it is impossible for any woman of right feelings to hide from her conscience that if she chooses to marry she places herself under a moral obligation to make her husband s home as pleasant to him as she can instead therefore of as if it was the great business of married life to complain it is her peculiar duty as a wife and one for which by her natural constitution she is especially fitted to make all her domestic concerns appear before her husband to the very best advantage she has time for her troubles and if such things must necessarily be a fact which i am a little disposed to question when her husband is absent or when she is engaged exclusively in her own department and if she would make his home what it ought to be to him an ever sunny place she will shield him as with the wings of love from the possibility of feeling that his domestic give weight and to those more trying which most men engaged either in business or in public affairs find more than sufficient for their peace of mind by those who write on the subject of temper in connection with the happiness of married life much is generally said by way of giving weight to the importance of guarding against the first angry word but though it is unquestionably most desirable to keep the of experience as long as we can i do not see exactly how this rule applies more to of temper than to any other of the law of perfect love for if it be felt as it must be a breach of this law to utter an unkind expression it is equally so to allow any evidence to appear of a disposition to act counter to a husband s wishes or even to forget or neglect what he considers essential to his comfort indeed so various are the circumstances to which any remarks upon the subject of temper must apply that the best possible plan the wives op england which could be proposed for maintaining harmony and good feeling in one instance might be the worst in another as a case in point there are unquestionably some individuals so constituted that if in a moment of irritation they do not speak out the smothered feeling forcibly pent up with them the character of and even approaches to that of dislike towards the besides which we should never know when we did offend and might consequently go on to the end of life perpetual annoyance upon our fellow creatures if there were no outward evidence	41
of the degree of displeasure which our were causing not that i would by any means be guilty of an approach to those violent of heated and impassioned feeling which mark out some of the darkest passages of human life by the remembrance never to be of angry and cruel expressions not possible to be often repeated without destroying the tenderness and even the very life of love what i would say on the other side of the question is simply this that in reference to temper no general rule can be laid down scarcely can any human aid be called in because of the of dispositions upon which the influence of temper and the difficulty to mere human reason of discovering exactly what is best for every case in this as in every other instance of human it is the power of religion upon the heart and conduct which alone can afford any lasting of effectual help and after all as the subject bears upon the affection of human beings one towards another with creatures frail as we are and in a state of existence so imperfect as the present it is not by an from all that the purity or the strength of human love can be maintained but far more so by mutual forgiveness by sympathy with each other s and by the constant exercise of mat charity which no evil and which long and is kind but leaving all further consideration of the trials of temper as a subject which from its endless variety might rather be made to volumes than pages we must turn to sub of a more serious and alarming and among these it cannot be out of place speak first of the of a husband i character as taking of other trials incident to married life i have already said there can be no calamity in the vast catalogue of human miseries at all to watching the gradual of that guiding light from the moral influence of a husband to which a wife might reasonably be allowed to look for her greatest earthly encouragement in every effort to to the of duty or the of christian principle here then it becomes most important to inquire what can be done to stem the tide of evil before it shall have borne away the whole fabric of domestic happiness a true hearted woman herself impressed with the importance of moral and religious principle will ever be most of her husband s safety in this respect and if her own character and her own example are such as to give weight to her there is no calculating the degree to which her influence may not extend women too are often remarkably quick sighted to the minor shades of good and evil and they are thus sometimes enabled to detect a lurking tendency to what is wrong before the mind of man is awakened to suspicion even in business then and in all affairs in which men are most liable to be by self interest and by the prevailing customs of the world and thus are too frequently betrayed into transactions at with the spirit if not with the letter of the law of just and honorable dealing a right minded woman may sometimes so place before her husband the affair in which he is engaged as to make him see at once the error into which he might have fallen and having seen this clearly she may possibly enjoy the satisfaction of beholding him adopt throughout his intercourse with others a more strict and rule of action as this subject however in its highest and w trials of married life most serious import belongs more properly to a subsequent chapter we will consider more especially two particular defects in the moral character of men which may be truly said wherever they exist to constitute the and most painful trials of married life the first of these is and here i am aware that my own views on this subject are scarcely such as ought to occupy t place in this work not because i could not earnestly recommend them to the of every english wife but because to do them ample justice i should be compelled to fill a volume then to treat it as a common vice should like every other evil tendency be watched in its commencement and here the eye of a conscientious and devoted wife will be far better able to detect the mischief than his who perhaps in the secret of his heart would rather not behold it even if he could i believe there is no difficulty to a delicate minded person equal to that of warning a beloved friend or relative of his danger in this respect else why do we see so many hundreds nay thousands looking on and not stretching out a helping hand until it is too late the fact is that if impressed in any common measure with a sense of justice or of generosity we cannot do it so long as we ourselves pursue the same course only not exactly to the same extent we cannot look into the face of a familiar friend and say if yon take one glass more you will be guilty of a vulgar and degrading sin while i by taking one glass less commit no sin at all and it must come to this where it is the degree and not the act itself which the evil it must come to the smallest possible to mark that minute and ever shifting line which an act allowed and by the wise and good from one which a human being with in this world and him of all title to admission into the of the world to come leaving it then to women whose hearts might have animated the wives of if the absence of all sympathy and tenderness for the weak	41
which lives not a vitality until the very step is heard and then another wave of the fast tide and all is gone and all is silent as before the eye too though dim with tears and wearied out with watching what does it not behold creating out of strange of familiar things some sudden and unexpected trials of married life je that he has returned yes already then follows an flash reproach for having judged him with tie kindness but no the vision way and with it sinks the heart of the if such be the of the what must be that of the differed ties of the mind of memory cruel task it is through those long hours to paint the smiling past to it live again with such intensity of that while no actual form sound breaks through the chain of t the grows real and old wake again and voices speak and cordial looks and gentle loving e and pure soft feelings s each other as in those early days he sweet try sting time was kept pe made light of expectation oh it is a a very dream the vision of the may but this can never live e is no like that of love er dark may be the fear which hope in the mind of her who is she has under all and through all the deep foundation of n love that love which g as death and by the same com ive rule which to her in one every faculty and feeling of her y this rule she judges of her husband the probability of his return rule it is impossible that he should tier prayers and her entreaties her her suffering and her tears by e then he must of necessity that gay circle even when its mirth are at their height she has id deeply wronged him to think id forget another hour will find him side oh how richly all fears these sweet thoughts she rises and fire again and draws her husband s the hearth her with joyous recollection of some other little acts of kindness by which she may possibly be able to make his home look more attractive but still he comes not and that strange sickness of the heart begins again and along her frame until her very fingers ache with anguish and her hands are clasped together and were it not for prayer her heart would surely break with its strong agony for still he comes not slowly as the heavy hours drag on the midnight at last is heard that solemn peal which tells to some its tale of peace of safety and of home while it speaks to others but of darkness desolation and despair but who shall fill from one sad moment to another the page of busy thought or paint the ever shifting scenes which before the lonely s mind another hour and still he comes yet hark it is his step she flies to meet him let us close a scene for which earth holds no parallel for here are mingled horror shame and contempt with a soft tenderness like that of some sad mother for her idiot joy that the wings of love once more can shelter bliss that no other eye but hers is there to yearning thoughts of care to keep him in his helplessness from every touch of feelings so gentle yet so powerful of a strange gladness to be near him in his degradation to press the hand which no one else in the wide world would to kiss the brow which has no trace of beauty left and to do this night after night to live through all the changes of this scene through months and years only with less of hope and more of anguish and despair such is the picture not exaggerated for that would be impossible of one short portion in the experience of how many women we cannot number them they are to be met with in society of every grade and yet society for the most part can rest satisfied to do nothing more than pity them nor scarcely that for the same voice which speaks with feeble of the suffering of the wife will often press the husband to the the wives op england board and praise the sparkling wine and urge him to partake but it is time to turn our attention to the contemplation of another of the trials of married life of which it is to be hoped that few who read these pages will have any cause to think with reference to themselves it may be said why then remind them of the possibility that such causes of trial may or do exist i answer that although the extreme of the case to which i am about to allude is happily for us comparatively seldom known among respectable families in the middle ranks of life in england yet there are degrees of to these extremes existing sometimes where we should least expect to find the cheerful aspect of domestic life cast under such a cloud in reflecting seriously and upon the love of married life we must all be forcibly impressed with the fact that the love which is most frequently presented to the notice of the observer is far from being such as we ourselves should be satisfied to possess or at all events not such as women of deep and sensitive feelings would expect to meet with in the married state it is true there are instances and they can scarcely be dwelt upon with too much admiration where the love of married life in all its beauty the bloom of youth and sheds a radiance like the sunset glow of evening around the peaceful passage of old age towards the tomb and were it not that in such instances we see the	41
possibility of earthly love being kept in all its vigor and its freshness by the lapse of time it would be useless to follow up the inquiry every married woman ought to make by what means is this love to be preserved if in speaking of the peculiar trial about to occupy our attention i use the word to signify my meaning it is less in reference to those extremes of moral which sometimes stain the history of private as well as public life than to those shades of the same character which more frequently across the surface of domestic peace or what is still more lamentable remain to cloud the atmosphere of until the whole experience of married life becomes as dull and and devoid of interest as if the union was simply one of habit or convenience endured with mutual indifference yet dragged on with decency and something like respect because it was so in the bond but is it right that creatures endowed with for the highest and enjoyment should be satisfied with this nay is it possible that happiness of so low a grade if one may call it such can fill the heart whose quick whose trembling emotions and whose living depths have been formed to answer and to echo every touch and tone of feeling from the highest thrill of ecstasy down to the lowest notes of wo no if we are reckless how we turn from its high destiny a nature thus endowed if we will thus sink the immortal in the material so as merely to work out with mechanical precision the business of each day in which the animal nature holds pre eminence over the spiritual we must not venture to complain that life is and monotonous or that there is little in this world to remind us of that which is promised as the portion of the happy in the next whatever we aim to possess as a privilege even in this life let it then be of the highest order and having attained our wish let us seek to preserve that privilege that which the soul in its of enjoyment is always worthy of our care while that which it is always to be and feared in nothing is this more important to be observed than in the preservation of earthly love that which the standard of affection the whole being and that which raises this standard raises also every faculty which can be connected either immediately or with the exercise of the affections i have already described in some particulars how that best gift of providence the love of a faithful and devoted husband is to be preserved we have now the painful task of supposing that it has been allowed trials op married life by some means or other to fall away there are and frequent symptoms of this decline of which the judgment takes no until after the heart has been made to feel them and although i have already alluded to the folly and the danger of i looking out for such symptoms where there is no reason to suppose they exist there may be equal if not greater danger in them where they do i will only mention as the first of these symptoms an increased tendency on the part of the husband to be or annoyed by little personal peculiarities and here it may be observed that almost every impression injurious to the love of man in married life is personal or immediate rather than remote thus a husband will more easily forgive his wife for an act of moral provided it has no reference to himself than for the least personal or the slightest occasion for even a momentary sensation of disgust it consequently happens that when affection begins to the husband often becomes annoyed with the voice the manner the dress of his wife more than he is with those of other women she has then some peculiar way of doing every thing which seems to jar upon his senses and in time he ceases so entirely to look to listen or to linger near her that unless more than commonly she must be made to feel that she has lost her power to charm him and when that is alas for the poor wife still we must not forget that there are two kinds of the one arising entirely from affection and the other from attraction towards a different object in the latter case it does not always follow that affection for the wife shall have become extinct and therefore there is hope but in the former the fact that man s love when once destroyed is destroyed forever all possibility of consolation except from a higher and a source as well might the weeping for the dead expect by tears and to the lifeless form as the wife to recall the affection of her husband after the bloom ai d tenderness of his love is gone who then would the risk of so vast and a loss by a neglect of those personal attractions by which it was her study in early life to charm who would allow a careless or to impress her husband s mind with the conviction that he was not in her estimation of sufficient importance to make it worth her while to please or who would be willing that the powers of her mind should fall into when they might in their happiest and yet most natural exercise be made to the one great end of increasing her husband s interest in his home to feel herself an unequal companion to the being whom of all others she would most wish to please to have never cultivated her powers of conversation and to be conscious that her society is and uninteresting must be one of the most painful and humiliating feelings to which an amiable woman can be subject but to see what	41
is very natural in such a case that others have a power which she has not to call forth the higher faculties of her husband s mind to his thoughts to charm his fancy and to his spirits surely if the daughters of england could realize by any exercise of their imagination the full intensity of feelings such as these they would cease to be careless about the cultivation of those means of social and domestic happiness with which every woman who enters upon the duties of a wife ought to make herself acquainted but beyond this vague and general feeling of being neglected and this for doing any thing to so desolate a doom it sometimes happens that there is real cause to suspect a transfer of the husband s interest and affection to another and although no thing can be more destructive to the happiness of married life or more at with the nature of true and deep affection than a to suspicion on these points yet where the case is too evident to admit of doubt it would a indifference in the wife who could suffer it to remain unnoticed the wives op england here however if ever in the whole range of human experience it is necessary to act with delicacy and caution it is necessary in the first place to be sure in the next no selfish motive no indignant feeling no disposition to revenge must mingle with what is said or done on so melancholy and momentous an occasion for though the dignity of virtue and the purity of the female character as well as the and eternal good of the alike require that some decided measures should be adopted to the evil the wife herself must not forget that under such circumstances she possesses no other than a legal claim that as a being to be cherished and beloved she is utterly discarded from her husband s heart that scarcely is his home her own that her respectability her position in society all that in which an honored and a trusted wife delights are only hers and that she is in reality or rather in all which belongs to the true feelings of a woman a low lost thing more lonely pitiable and degraded than the outcast from society who still a hold upon her husband s love what then are admiration wealth or fame to such a woman society even though she were its idol would have no power to flatter her nor could the wide world with all its millions awake within her desolate bosom a single thrill of pride no there is nothing but loneliness and utter self for the portion of that wife who cannot keep her husband s heart it is in this spirit alone that with any propriety or any hope she can appeal to a husband s feelings carefully guarding against all expression of tenderness no longer welcome or desired and keeping as it were aloof in her humility yet withal casting herself upon his pity as one who is struck down by a beloved hand will kiss the instrument of her putting aside all selfish claims as indeed she must and making it evident that though her own happiness is wrecked for ever she cannot live without a hope nor breathe without a prayer for him and surely if all this is carried out to the full extent of woman s delicacy and truth and if accompanied by earnest and prayer for that help which no human power can then towards a wife thus suffering and sincere the husband whose heart is not yet wholly could scarcely withhold his pity his protection and his love and if the husband should if he should the object of attraction to his wandering fancy though nothing can the past or break the chain of association between that and the thousand apprehensions which must of necessity link themselves into the sad future all these dark thoughts must be concealed within her bosom into whose secret counsels and more secret no earthly friend must be admitted neither must sadness cloud her brow nor any lurking suspicion betray itself upon the smooth surface of her after life but vivacity and cheerfulness again must charm while a manner disengaged and a mind at liberty to please and receive pleasure in return must prove the mastery of principle over of affection over self if with a wife thus the power to forget should appear the greatest mercy a kind providence could bestow and if this mercy being denied the aspect of her life should look too dark to be endured she must not forget that one earthly consolation yet remains it is that of having kept her own affection unchanged and true and oh bow infinitely is the feeling of having borne than of having been ourselves but beyond and far above such consolation is that of being remembered in her lost and low estate by him who whom he of being permitted in her degradation to come and offer up her broken heart to him when deprived of every other stay to call him father and to ask in humble faith the fulfilment of his gracious promise of protection to those who put their trust in position in society chapter viii position in society in a previous work addressed to the u daughters of england i have proposed as the first serious inquiry of a thinking mind that all young persons entering upon the active duties of life should ask this question what is my actual position and if in the season of early youth this question is important it is equally if not more so immediately after marriage especially as the position of a woman must always depend upon that of her husband where society is so constituted that a man may raise or lower his wife though no woman except in very peculiar cases	41
should employ himself each day in for a single meal to that of him who should in a longer space of time provide for many meals together that the man who held the reins of government over such a community would merit some distinction i am free to allow because his situation would be one to which he must have risen either by his own superiority of mind or by the unanimous consent of the rest who agreed at the time they appointed him to the office to towards him the respect which is always due to influence rightly exercised in the same manner j and according to their different degrees of many of the others would no doubt work their way to offices of responsibility and trust for the good of the whole body and each entitled to its share of respect and confidence but that working in one material more than another handling one article of food or apparel or even dealing in a large or a small way with those who buy and sell should be able to create distinctions of such importance as to separate society into mere or to invest one party with honor and cast upon the other is a phenomenon which has been left for the enlightened stage of civilization in which we live fully to develop though the march of intellect has hitherto failed to reduce the whole to a system so as to be understood and acted upon with any degree of certainty and precision it may be said and perhaps with too much truth that the business of as it is generally conducted has little tendency to the character and that perpetually striving to please for purposes of self interest those who in reality are sometimes cordially despised is lowering to the dignity of a man to say nothing of a gentleman tt may be asked on the other hand who in the present state of society is from this particular kind of degradation the lawyer who may be said almost to hold the of his fellow creatures in his hand he to his wealthy and often works his way to distinction by concealing his real sentiments and pretending to be other than he is the doctor too with his patience and his serenity approaching with apparent kindness and respect where every feeling of his soul is i who would speak of him as an dependent man more especially in the outset of his career nor is this less the case with other professions all which however are esteemed more honorable and consequently more eligible than any kind of trade but u a man s a man for a that land let his occupation be what it may it is i the honest heart the upright principle the steady mind and the judgment which give him dignity wherever he may be placed the man who possesses these in addition to a far stretching and enlightened intellect must ever be a pillar to the state in which he lives for he will its integrity and without such men no nation can be truly great as the chosen companion of such a man is it possible then that an english woman bom to the same rank in society should blush to acknowledge herself a s wife nor is this all it is not the bare acknowledgment that she is so which can in any way be made to answer the demands of duty but a perfect to herself in every respect to her situation so as to answer its various to the satisfaction of all around her and here the sisters who have been separated so widely from their brothers in the formation of their social and domestic habits are found so often and so at fault not always because they are unwilling to do what duty may require but because from having early false notions of what is really honorable and really degrading they do their duty if at all l in a troubled and discontented spirit as much at with what a husband would naturally desire in the companion of his home as with what ought to be exhibited as the graces of the christian character yet what can be expected of such wives for they have their sickly arising out of the false position they have held and for which they have been training they have the romance by and light reading they have the love of self which personal indulgence has strengthened into a habit they have their delicate and their thousand they have all these to contend with and all powerfully against the cheerful performance of the new duties in which they are involved who can have witnessed the situation of such women in their married state without longing to awaken the whole to a different estimate of duty and of happiness who can have observed their feeble striving after nobler effort when too late to attain the power of making it to any useful the spirit broken the health the beauty and vivacity of youth all gone the few accomplishments upon which their time was wasted forgotten or remembered only as a dream the wish without the hope to do better for the future than has been done for the past the failing of pecuniary means resources gradually in proportion to the increase of demand sickness servants children and their education all requiring more and who that has ever looked upon all this and there are not a few among the boasted homes of england where the reality of this picture might be found would not with aching heart over so lamentable a waste of good feeling and intention arising solely out of the early but wrong basis of the female mind with regard to common things but let us not despair where ignorance and not the foundation of any prevailing evil the whole may easily be let us look then again at	41
the constitution of english society at the the wives op england vast proportion of good which is effected by the middle classes at the mass of intellect it at the genius by which it is adorned at the influence it commands at the dignity with which it is invested by the state and last but not least at its independence for if on the one hand it claims from the necessary hardships and of the poor on the other it is equally privileged in its from the arbitrary of exalted rank it is unquestionably one of the great advantages of being born to this station that we are comparatively free to think and act for ourselves that our is one of liberty with the rational enjoyment of which no one has a right to interfere we have our intellectual privileges too and leisure for the cultivation of the mind our social meetings where we dare to speak the honest feelings of the heart no man being able to make us afraid our hospitality by the cold of rank our homes supplied with every comfort and it may be adorned with elegance our fireside pleasures our of domestic joy sacred to those who dwell beneath the same protecting roof and no interference with our sentiments or our religion but each one left to follow out the purpose of a merciful creator by choosing his bible and his conscience as his only guide and what could any reasonable woman wish for more or having found herself a member of a community thus constituted why should she reject its noble privileges for the sake of any feeble hold she may obtain of such as belong more probably to another and a higher sphere i have already stated in an earlier portion of this work that true dignity can only be maintained by to our circumstances whatever they may be thus there can be no dignity in assuming what does not belong to our actual position in society though many temptations to fall into this error are placed in the way of women in general when for instance the wife of a respectable is associated with persons of superior rank in the duties of private or public charity she is frequently treated with a degree of kindness and freedom which if not on her guard against the fascinating manners of that class of society might easily her into the belief that no real difference of rank was felt to exist but just in proportion as she would herself desire to be and kind to those beneath her without such kindness being presumed upon as an evidence of equality so it often happens that ladies of rank do really enjoy a certain degree of friendly and social intercourse with women of good sense occupying a lower station when at the same time they would shrink away by the least symptom of the difference of rank being forgotten by the inferior party it is the instinct of natural delicacy then which leads us rather to withdraw our familiarity than to have it withdrawn from and if thus sensible of what is her proper sphere and scrupulous to observe its limits a woman need never be made to feel that she is not respected although the moment she steps beyond the boundary of that sphere the true dignity of her character will be gone nor is this the case with her position in society alone all about herself such as supposing she is beautiful when she is not or highly gifted when no evidence of talent appears or important when she has no influence all these mistakes are calculated to deprive a woman of that dignity which is the possession of all who fill with perfect propriety their appointed place it is scarcely necessary in the present state of society to point out on the other hand the loss of character and influence occasioned by living below our station for if in some individual minds there is an inherent tendency to sink and in their own sphere or to be and to those above them such a forms so rare an exception to the general character of the times in which we live as scarcely to need any further comment more especially as such a disposition j position in society is exposed by its own folly to that contempt which its proper punishment it is however deeply to be regretted that often where this tendency is not inherent nor consequently a part of individual character it has in too many instances been induced by the severe and constant pressure of pecuniary difficulties rendering it an act of necessity rather than of choice that the favor of the distinguished or the wealthy should be sought and their patronage obtained as the only means of success and sometimes as the only hope of preserving a helpless family from want or ruin pitiable as this situation may be and frequent as there is every reason to fear it is much may be done in cases of this kind to keep up the moral dignity of a husband and a family by the influence of a high wife who will make it the study of her life to prove that it is not in the power of circumstances to an upright and independent mind if then it is a duty of importance for a wife to ascertain what is her exact position in society and to endeavor to herself to it wherever it may be her next duty is to consider well the manner of doing this we can all feel in the case of our servants and the vast difference there is between a willing and an unwilling service how striking then must be this difference where all the social affections and the best feelings of the heart are as they must be in the conduct of a wife i can think of no more appropriate word by which	41
the hearts of english wives where it gives the law to private conduct a tax upon industry pecuniary profit makes itself the in cases of difficulty or doubt rules the destiny of families and finally gives the tone to public feeling and consequently the bias to national character i ask again who shall this monster perhaps there would be little weight attached to my assertion if i were to say that it is within the sphere of woman s influence to do this that it rests with the wives of england to choose whether they will go on to estimate their position in society by the cost of their furniture and the of their or by the moral and intellectual character of their social intercourse by the high principle which their actions and by the domestic happiness to be found within their homes so long as we esteem those we meet with in society according to the fashion of their dress the richness of their ornaments or the style in which they live it is a mockery of words to say that our standard of excellence does not consist in mat which money can purchase or a vain and vulgar ambition attain and so long as we feel cast down disappointed and distressed at being in these outward it is a certain proof that we are not supreme importance to such as adorn the mind i am fully aware in writing on this subject that i am but lifting a feeble voice against the giant force of popular feeling that the state of our country presenting an almost universal tendency towards an excess of civilization added to the improvement in our and the facility with which every kind of luxury is now obtained are causes perpetually upon the great mass of the people so as to urge them on to a state of eager competition in the display of all which money can procure and that this competition is highly applauded by many to the nation at large and especially so when that nation is considered merely as a mass of upon what is purely material but i am aware also that this very cause so widely and so powerfully a it l does ought to furnish the of a new movement in society by which the intellectual and the spiritual shall by a fresh effort be roused to its proper elevation above the material and this necessary and truly noble effort i must again repeat it is in the power of the wives of england to make nor would this great movement in reality be so difficult to effect as we might be led to suppose from looking only at the surface of society and observing the of instances in which a false standard of excellence is established we are sometimes too much influenced in our opinions as well u too much discouraged in our to do good by a superficial observation of the general state of things in social life for there is often an under current of feeling towards what is just and good at work in the minds of those who from being deficient in the moral power to act upon their own convictions fall in with the superficial tide and go along with the stream against their better position in society judgment if not against their real inclinations thus in a more close and intimate acquaintance with the world we find to our frequent satisfaction that a combination of intellectual superiority and moral worth is not in reality so lightly esteemed as at first we had supposed that the weak and the vain who spend their lives in striving after that which truly not are dissatisfied and weary with their own fruitless efforts and that others a little more gifted with understanding and enlightened by views though engaged in the same struggle would be more than glad of any that would assist them to escape from their anxieties and low so as in an open and decided manner to declare themselves on the side of what is good and consequently worthy of their utmost to attain thus we find too in spite of popular against a simple dress or a homely way of living that respectability and genuine worth of character are able not only to give dignity to any position in society but also to command universal respect from others and that while few are bold enough to imitate there is no small proportion of the community who secretly wish they were like those noble minded individuals who dare to aim at a true standard of excellence in the formation of their own habits and the general conduct of their families shall we then go on in the same way forcing ourselves to be contemptible and the bondage to which we submit it is true the effort necessary to be made which the state of the times and the satisfaction of our alike require of us is hard for any single individual but let us stand by each other in this great and noble cause let the strong endeavor to encourage and sustain the weak and let us prove for the benefit of succeeding generations how much may be done for the happiness of our homes and the good of our country by being satisfied with the position in which providence has placed us and by to adorn that position with the lasting which belong to an enlightened understanding a well regulated mind and a benevolent sincere and faithful heart our standard of excellence will then be no longer found in the most splendid or the plate for in all these the vulgar and the ignorant may easily attain pre eminence but in the warmest welcome the kindest service the best regulated household the judgment of ourselves the most influence the highest hopes for and the largest amount of domestic and social happiness which it is ever permitted to the families of earth to	41
enjoy it is needless to say that all these to life may be without regard to position in society and if such were made the universal standard of excellence among the wives of england much if not all the suffering which wherever happiness is made to consist in what money can procure would cease to be found within our homes while rising thus above our circumstances we should no longer be subject in our hopes and fears to the of commerce or the uncertainty of a position depending solely upon its pecuniary advantages we should then feel to be resting on a sure foundation just in proportion as our standard was faithfully i do not say that we should be free from troubles for such are the lot of all but that single wide spreading source of anxiety which from its appears in the present day to swallow up all others the anxiety to attain a position higher than our own proper sphere would then vanish from our land and with it such a host of that in contemplating so blessed a change in our domestic and social condition i cannot but again entreat the wives of england to think of these things and finally to unite together in one firm determination to establish a new and a better standard by which to estimate their position in society the wives of england chapter ix domestic management closely connected with the subject already dwelt upon is that of domestic management since whatever standard we choose and whatever principles we adopt as our rule of action will develop themselves in the system we pursue with regard to the conduct of our domestic affairs if therefore to appear well with the world according to the popular standard be our supreme desire the tendency of our domestic will be to make before our friends and associates the greatest possible display of what is costly and elegant in our furniture and style of living while on the other hand if our aim be to the greatest amount of happiness to ourselves and to those around us we shall have a widely different task to pursue and it is to the latter purpose only that i propose this chapter as the former could be better effected by consulting the the or the leaving to individuals thus qualified the important office of deciding what is according to the latest fashion and which article is most approved in circles of distinction we must turn our attention to a study of a totally different description and if at first it should appear more difficult and complicated it will have the merit of becoming every day more simple and more clear or if it should seem to involve by necessity a certain degree of suffering and self denial it will have the still higher merit of in ultimate happiness while the system of domestic management above alluded to though in the outset full of promises of indulgence and pleasure is certain to involve in greater and deeper perplexity the longer it is pursued and finally to issue in vexation and disappointment it then the way to make others happy and consequently to be happy ourselves which i am about to recommend and if in doing this i am compelled to enter into the minute and homely details of woman s daily life i must claim the forbearance of the reader on the plea that no act can be so trifling as not to be by a great or a motive before proceeding further with this subject i must address one word to the ladies of the present day to the refined and fastidious who dwell in an atmosphere of taste and make that their standard of lest from the freedom of my remarks upon dress and furniture i should fall under their condemnation for what is elegant and wishing to what is ornamental or in other words of being indifferent to the influence of beauty in general as it may just ly be said to our feelings and our without to refer such readers to a work of my own in which they find that my admiration of the beautiful wherever it may be found is scarcely inferior to theirs i will simply express my conviction that the exercise of good taste which must ever be in accordance with the of beauty fitness and harmony is by no means confined to the display of what s costly elaborate or superb but times be sufficiently developed in the arrangement of what is simple and ate indeed there are distinctions and more exquisite required in the happy distribution of limited means than in the choice and arrangement of the most costly ornaments which money can procure in accordance with this fact we almost invariably find writers of fiction whit gorgeous and elaborate upon scenes and characters with which the best feelings of the heart have little connection while am favorite heroine is universally made conspicuous in her simplicity and at the same time pre eminent in her good taste but in addition to other considerations it is in the present day so easy as to be common and consequently to some extent vulgar for all persons both high and low to adorn themselves and their houses to the the poetry of life domestic management extent of their pecuniary means ey are also enabled to do this with appearance of taste because to ass of persons who supply the of dress and furniture it has j their study to ascertain what is most ed in the highest circles as well as s most ornamental and becoming in and thus individuals who have but themselves may easily supply by consulting what are called st or those who sell to r much more exquisite then must be od taste and delicate feeling of her is no such assistance to call in who is but little money upon the entertain f her friends in	41
order that she may m the oftener and with a less painful on her household but who is still able conduct her household arrangements there is no distressing appearance preparation to alarm her guests of elegance and comfort is thrown le most familiar things so as to convey a of her family affairs being always in strict accordance with the of that taste which of fitness and order and which no extravagance or excess to the perfect harmony of its arrange then we see the value of having good taste one of the studies of early r when the cares and anxieties of a added to the actual occupations mistress of a family press upon the over wife she will find me and perhaps less inclination to en any calculations upon these and hence we too frequently see married women a of ter in this respect for where one woman is careless and in her ance or habits there is reason to fear find many in the married state light justly be suspected of having lost for those which upon the exercise of good taste in pursuing the subject of domestic management we are again struck with the importance of speaking of things by their proper names for by some strange those women have come to be generally called good who put their whole souls into the business of providing for the mere bodily of every day and thus the more refined and sometimes the more intellectual who have no idea how many good principles may be in the proper of a household have a sort of for good management as if it necessarily belonged exclusively to the province of the ignorant or the vulgar minded indeed those household may be who live perpetually in an element of strife and discord where no one who valued their own peace would wish to live with them but good they certainly are not it is not therefore in absolute bustle and activity nor yet in mere cleanliness order and that the perfection of domestic management consists for where the members of a household are made to feel that they pay too dearly by the loss of their peace and comfort for the cleanliness order and of the mistress all claim on her part to the merit of good management must be it is most difficult however to be sufficiently about such points of and not irritated by the neglect of them in others hence it is often said that servants are the and most orderly because the and precision which their conduct produce in minds a tendency to exact the same from others and where this is impossible to be effected produce a and dissatisfaction which obtain for them the character of being ill tempered while an opposite disposition careless of order cleanliness or sometimes with great injustice the merit of being good tempered simply because any from these points occasions to such a mind no disturbance whatever it has appeared to me ever since i was capable of extreme annoyance or extreme enjoyment from such causes that the perfection of good domestic management required so many both of head and heart as to render it a study well worth the attention of the most benevolent and enlightened of human beings for when we consider the simple fact that it nay is mainly dependent upon the art of giving to every thing which comes within the sphere of practical duty its proper weight and consequently its share of relative importance we see at once that it cannot be within the province of a common or a vulgar mind to do this more especially as there must not only be the perception to find out and the judgment to decide upon things generally but the good feeling and here is the great point to make that which is properly inferior thus all selfish considerations must be set aside all low calculations all caprice all vanity all spite and in how many instances do all these with a multitude of other enemies to peace and happiness mix themselves up with what people persist in calling good management but which from this lamentable makes nobody like such management or wish to be where it perhaps it has occurred to not a few of us to see one of these good bustling about a house from one apartment to another peeping into corners throwing open drawers with a countenance which bid defiance for the time to every gentle or kindly feeling and calling to one person another or the of a third with a voice which even in its distant and unintelligible utterance had the bitter tone of up old and throwing them about like on every side and then the bursting forth of the actual where such a was perpetually at work the of heated and into one general r ass the and vast the flame the smoke the tumult what is there i would ask in the absence of harmless dust or in the presence of the richest and best food to repay the wretched family where such a manager for what must be endured through the course of any single day no let me live in peace is the natural demand of every human heart and so far as relates to our and our carpets we are happily all able to do this we must therefore settle it in our minds that whatever may be attained in the preparation of food the care of clothing the arrangement of furniture or the general order of rooms that can never be called good management which fails to secure peace and to promote happiness not that i would the care of the body so far as to preserve health and cheerfulness or what is more important so far as serves to a high degree of tenderness and affection strong evidence of which may sometimes be conveyed through this channel when	41
no other is open it is the supreme importance attached to these cares and anxieties which prevents such a system of management being properly called good in order to maintain general cheerfulness and promote happiness throughout your household it is essential that you cultivate within your own mind a feeling of content ment with your home your servants and your domestic affairs in general remembering that nothing which occurs to you in this department is the result of mere chance but that all your trials as well as your are appointed by a kind providence who knows better than you can know exactly what is ultimately best for you it is consequently no more a from what you ought to be prepared to expect that your servants should sometimes do wrong that your plans should be by folly and or that your house should be old and inconvenient than that the blossoms in your garden should occasionally be or that a shower should fall at the moment you had fixed for going out yet to maintain this desirable cheerfulness through all circumstances is certainly no domestic management easy task unless both health and temper have been carefully attended to before marriage for when the former fails it is but natural that the animal spirits should fail too and defects of temper if long indulged so as to have grown into habit will in the general conduct of domestic affairs be able to a taint of bitterness into the kindest so as effectually to defeat the best intentions how necessary is it therefore for all women to have learned to manage themselves before undertaking the management of a household for the charge is both a serious and a comprehensive one and however inexperienced a wife may be however helpless and unequal to the task she no sooner takes upon herself the duties of a mistress than she becomes in a i great measure responsible for the welfare of every member of the family over which she and not only is this her situation in the ordinary course of things but on all extraordinary occasions she must be at the same post ever on the alert prompt to direct and ready with suited to every emergency that may occur la cases of illness more especially though the more laborious duties of the sick room may with propriety be to others mere can be no excuse for the mistress who does not make it her business to see that proper attention is paid to the directions of the doctor as well as to the of rooms and all those other means of pain or recovery instead of which inexperienced nurses are so apt to substitute notions and of their own but beyond the care of the patient that of the nurse also upon the mistress of the house to see that her wants are properly supplied that a judicious distribution of her tune is made so as to allow of a reasonable portion of rest or if wearied out to take care that her place is supplied so that none may have to complain of hardship or oppression and here we may observe by the way that this kind of care and consideration bestowed upon those who habitually bear the burden of domestic labor one of the strongest bonds which can exist between a mistress and her servants besides her in many instances by a double measure of their gratitude and their if the mistress of the house as is not the case with kind hearted women should take charge of the patient herself it then becomes her duty not to act so entirely from the impulse of feeling as to neglect her own health i mention this because there is a kind of romantic devotion to the duties of the sick room more especially where the sufferer is an object of interest or affection which carries on the young nurse from one day of solicitude to another without refreshment without rest and without exercise in the open air until nature being completely exhausted she herself becomes a source of trouble and an object of anxiety and care by this apparent generosity the kindest intentions are often while the household of such a mistress will necessarily be thrown into alarm and disorder at the very time when it is most important that order and quiet should be maintained throughout to those who please themselves with the idea that such romantic self devotion is the extreme of generosity it may appear a cold kind of reasoning to advocate the importance of self preservation by frequently taking exercise at short intervals in the open air yet i own i am one of those who prefer the kindness which lasts to that which itself in sudden and violent effort and i would therefore strongly urge upon the wife not only to attend to such means of her own usefulness but to see that the nurse employed under her direction does the same nor is it only in such cases as that already described that married women are apt to neglect the best means of maintaining cheerfulness and preserving health two blessings which they above all other persons have the most reason to estimate highly not that i would an idea of any ne the wives op england of the employment of doctors or the use of i believe this can scarcely be charged upon the wives of england as a general fault but i have known some women almost entirely neglect all kinds of exercise in the open air either because they were too busy or it tired them too much or for that most amiable of all reasons because their husbands were absent and they were too dependent to walk alone and thus from the very excess of their affection they were satisfied on a husband s return to be weary and altogether incapable of adding to his enjoyment whatever be happy man that	41
he must be to be so tenderly beloved might add to theirs but fortunately for the character of woman and may we not add for the patience of man there are happier methods of proving the existence of affection than that which is exhibited by the display either of an excessive and self which effectually its own object if a weak and childish dependence which is better than a sort of disguised selfishness in accordance with deeper and more feelings of regard is that system of careful but quiet over the health of a husband or a family every symptom of and against all unnecessary of such symptoms by any arrangement of affairs which can be made so as to spare an invalid or prevent the occurrence of illness i believe that nothing more to the increase of those diseases in popular under the of which prevail so in the present day than long heavy meals at the close of the day where fashion is the root of this evil it is to be supposed that the have their own reward at all events a mere matter of it would be impertinence to interfere with but in the case of those husbands whose business calls them from home during the greater part of every day surely something might be done by the wife to break through this habit either by supplying them with refreshment or them by persuasion or argument to make some different distribution of their time and where symptoms of do appear how beautiful is that display of affection in a wife who can put aside all her own little for the more important consideration of those of a husband who can bear without a murmur to have her domestic affairs at any moment so as may best suit his feelings or his health and who can make up her mind with and cheerfulness even to accompany him from home at any sacrifice of her own comfort and convenience how precious then is the health and the ability to do this and to do it with energy and perfect good will how much more precious than the childish fondness to which allusion has already been made which would lead her to sit and faint beside him in his illness or to neglect the exercise necessary for her own health because she could not walk without him nor let it be imagined from the familiar and apparently trifling nature of the instances in relation to the subject of domestic management that the subject itself is one of little moment necessity the selection of only a few cases from the mass of evidence which might be brought to prove how many important principles may be acted upon in the familiar transactions of every day the woman of naturally restless and irritable temper for instance who without her own feelings would effectually destroy the peace of every member of her household may by habits of self government and by a kind and disinterested regard for the happiness of those around her so far restrain the natural of her character as to become a blessing instead of a torment to the household over which she while the tender and affectionate wife who would fondly and foolishly waste her strength by incessant watching over a husband or a child may by the habit of making impulse to judgment preserve her health for the service of many a future day and thus render herself what every married woman domestic management i ought to the support and the comfort of her whole household we see here although the instances themselves may appear insignificant that in these two cases are the great principles of disinterested kindness prudence and self government and thus it is with every act that falls within the sphere of female duty the act itself may be trifling but the motives by which it is sustained may be such as to do honor to the religion we profess and we must ever bear in mind that not only do we honor that religion by engaging in public services on behalf of our fellow creatures or for the good of our own souls but by evil and selfish dispositions in the privacy of our own domestic sphere and by for purposes of practical usefulness those amiable and benevolent feelings which are not only most to our fellow creatures but most in accordance with the perfection of the christian character in turning our attention again to the practical part of female duty as connected with domestic management that important study which to the best means of time and money is forcibly presented to our notice having dwelt at considerable length upon the subject of economy of time in a former work i shall not repeat the arguments there made use of to show the importance of this great principle of good management but simply state that if essential before marriage to the of intellectual or moral good and to the welfare and comfort of those with whom we are connected it becomes doubly so when the mistress of a house has not only to her own time but to portion out that of others in this as in all other cases where good influence is made the foundation of authority the married woman must not forget that example goes before whatever then may be the trial to her natural feelings she will if by this principle begin the day by rising early for it is l the daughter of england in vain to urge others to do what they see that we have not either the strength or not the inclination to do ourselves besides which there is little for servants or other inferior members of a family to rise early when they know that the business of the day will be delayed by the mistress herself not being ready while on the other hand if prepared to expect that she will be	41
up early herself there are few who could be so as to her wishes by not to be ready at the appointed time nor is there any thing depending upon ourselves which more to the proper of the mind as well as the household than the habit of rising early so early as to have time to think as most persons do in the morning hours clearly and when free from the disturbance of feeling so often excited by contact with others the mind is at liberty to draw its own conclusions from a general survey of the actual state of things by any partial impressions received through the medium of the outward senses thus it often happens that in the early morning we are brought to serious and just conclusions which we should never have arrived at where the actual circumstances which gave rise to our reflections were beneath our notice or had the persons most intimately connected with such circumstances been present during the formation of our opinions the morning then is the time for the actions and events of the previous day and for forming for that which has commenced a new set of plans upon the convictions which such a calm and impartial review is calculated to produce the morning is the time for gathering our thoughts together for arranging our resources and for asking with humble reverence that divine assistance without which we have no right to expect mat the coming day will be spent more satisfactorily than the past such are the higher advantages derived from habits of early rising but there are also practical duties to be attended to by all mar the wives of england women in the commencement of the day which must be so managed as not to interfere with or delay the business of others or the end of early rising will be entirely defeated as regards its good influence upon the general habits of a family i mention this because there are some well persons who habitually rise early and are yet habitually too late for breakfast wondering not the less every day how it can possibly be that they are so to such i would venture to hint that despatch is an excellent thing in whatever we have to do and that the habit of trifling is one of the most formidable enemies to good intention in this respect because at the same time that it our practical usefulness it us into the belief that we are actually doing something nay even a great deal yet look to the end and nothing is really done if such persons are with the merits of despatch or refuse to adopt it as a wiser and a better rule i know of nothing they can do except it be to rise a little earlier and a little earlier still until they find that they have exactly their time to their but on no account ought they to allow the breakfast or the business of the day to be so as to meet their convenience whatever time they take from sleep is their own and they have a right to dispose of it as they please but that time can scarcely be called so which is out to others especially where it is barely sufficient for the business they are required to do through the course of the day perhaps it is with us all too frequent a mistake to suppose that time is our own and that the higher our station and consequently the greater the number of persons subject to our control the more entirely this is the case i have already said that the time we take from sleep may with some justice be called so but except in a state of existence entirely isolated and from relative duties i am not aware how conscientious persons can trifle with time and not feel that they are upon the rights of others to say nothing of the more serious responsibility neglected by the waste of so valuable a talent committed to their trust there is no time perhaps so entirely wasted as that which is spent in waiting for others because while expectation is kept up that each moment will our suspense we cannot engage in any other occupation if then the mistress of a house by habitual delay of breakfast keeps as many as four persons waiting half an hour every morning she is the cause of two valuable hours being wasted to them which they would most probably have preferred spending in any other way rather than in waiting for her it must of course be allowed that every master and mistress of a family the right of as late as they choose provided they give directions accordingly but where there is one in the middle ranks of society who will order breakfast at ten there are twenty who will order it at eight and not be ready before nine it can only be to such from arrangements made by the heads of the family and understood by all its members that the foregoing observations apply it is a great point in the economy of time that different kinds of work should be made to fill up different intervals hence the great value of having a variety of knitting c for besides the astonishing amount which may thus almost be done a spirit of contentment and cheerfulness is much promoted by having the hands constantly employed thus if ever the mistress of a house what is called the dark hours in idleness it is a proof that she has either not properly studied the arts of knitting and or that she is a very indifferent not to be able to pay for the use of candles could such persons once be brought to appreciate the really effects of constant employment upon the mind and temper could they taste those sweet or enjoy those of thought	41
which are carried on while a piece of work is growing beneath their hands they would never again require urging to m j domestic management those habits of industry which may truly be said to bring with them their own reward habitually idle persons are apt to judge of the difficulty of being industrious by what it costs them to do any thing they may happen to undertake the movements of a naturally indolent person being composed of a series of painful exertions while the activity of an industrious person the motion of a well regulated machine which having been once set at work requires comparatively little force to keep it going it is consequently by making industry a habit and by no other means that it can be thoroughly enjoyed for if between one occupation and another time is allowed for sensations of weariness to be indulged or for doubts to be entertained as to what shall be done next with those who have much to do all such to be industrious must necessarily be irksome if not absolutely laborious how pitiable then is the situation of that married woman who has never fully realized the true enjoyment of industry nor the advantages of passing rapidly from one occupation to another as if it was the business of life to keep doing rather than to wait to see what was to be done and to question the necessity of doing it pitiable indeed is that woman because in a well regulated household even where the mistress takes no part in the business herself there must still be a constant and constant accompanied with a variety of calculations plans and arrangements which to an indolent person cannot fail to be irksome in the extreme while to one who has been accustomed to rely upon her own resources in the constant exercise of industry they give a zest and an interest to all the duties of life and at the same time impart a feeling of contentment and cheerfulness sufficient of itself to render every duty light there is no case in which example is more closely connected with influence than in this a company of idle persons can keep each other in countenance to almost any extent while there are few who cannot be made ashamed of idleness by having constantly before them an example of industry thus where the mistress of a house on extraordinary occasions is ever ready to lend assistance herself where she a decided preference for doing things with her own hand rather than seeing them left undone and where it is known that her mind is as quick to perceive what is wanted as her hand is willing to execute it such a mistress will seldom have to complain that her servants are idle or that they cannot be brought to make the necessary effort when extra work has to be done there is however a just medium to be observed between doing too much and too little in domestic affairs and this point of must be regulated entirely by the circumstances of the family and the number of servants employed it can never be said that the atmosphere of the kitchen is an element in which a refined and intellectual woman ought to live though the department itself is one which no sensible woman would think it a degradation to overlook but instead of maintaining a general and arrangement of such affairs some well women plunge head heart and hand into the of operations thinking feeling and doing what would be more left to their servants this fault however is one which belongs but little to the present times it was the fault of our and we are to improve upon their habits by falling into the opposite extreme forgetting in our eagerness to secure to ourselves personal ease and indulgence how many good and kind feelings may be brought into exercise by a in the practical part of domestic management how much valuable health and how much vivacity and cheerfulness with wholesome and real rest are purchased by habits of personal activity but it is impossible to do justice to this subject without entering into it fully and at considerable length and having already done the wives op england this elsewhere under the head of kindness and consideration i will spare the reader a repetition of my own sentiments upon a subject of such vital importance to the wives of england chapter x order justice and benevolence the general tendency of domestic management should be to establish throughout a household the principles of order justice and benevolence in speaking first of order i would not be understood to the meaning of the word to such points of as the placing of chairs in a drawing room or ornaments on a the principle of order in its happiest development has to do with the state of the mind as well as the personal habits thus a due regard to the general fitness of things correct calculations as to time and means with a just sense of relative importance so as to keep the less to the greater all belong to the department of order in a well governed household and should all be in the general conduct of the mistress there is no method of maintaining authority over others than by showing that we have learned to govern ourselves thus a well ordered mind an influence m society which it would be impossible for mere talent without this regard to order ever to acquire all caprice all hasty or violent expressions all sudden and extravagant of feeling of any kind whatever exhibited before servants and have a tendency to lower the dignity of a mistress and consequently to her influence the mistress of a house should always appear calm and perfectly self possessed the women of england whether she feels so or not and if from an of household particularly such as before	41
her guests the agitation of her feelings should be too great for her powers of self control she may always find a natural and appropriate outlet for them by with other in the same calamity and thus her regard for them rather than for herself nor ought we to class this species of with those artificial manners which are assumed merely for the sake of effect if the same individual who controlled her feelings before her guests should go out among her servants and give full vent to them there such a case would certainly deserve to be so but the self control i would gladly recommend is of a widely different order extending to a mastery over the feelings as well as the expressions in the former case a lady seated at the head of her table will sometimes speak in a sharp whisper to a servant with a countenance in which all the might be represented as one when suddenly turning to her guests she will address them with the smiles even before the cloud has had time to vanish from her brow in the latter case the mistress of the house will recollect that others have been made to suffer perhaps more than herself and that whatever the cause of vexation or distress may be it can only be making that distress greater for her to appear angry or disturbed by such habits of reflection and by the mastery of judgment over impulse she will be able in time not only to appear calm but really to feel so or if there should be just as much excitement as may be agreeably carried of in with her friends there will never be sufficient really to destroy either their comfort or her own peace of mind in speaking of the beauty of order would that it were possible to impress this fact upon the minds of english wives that there is neither beauty nor order in making their servants and their domestic affairs in the subject of conversation in company to order justice and benevolence bear some good ladies talking one would really think that servants were a sort of plague sent upon the nation at large and upon them in particular to say nothing of the wrong state of feeling evinced by allowing one of our greatest sources of personal comfort to be habitually regarded as a rather than a blessing we see here one of those instances in which the laws of order are by a disregard to the fitness of things for however interesting our domestic affairs may be to ourselves it requires but little tact or observation to discover that they interest no one else unless it be our nearest and most intimate friends whose personal regard to us will induce them to listen with kindness to whatever we describe as being connected with our welfare or happiness upon the same principle a history of bodily should never be forced upon visitors for as it requires either to be an intimate friend or a member of the same family to feel any particular interest in the good or bad of servants so it requires that our friends should be very tenderly attached to us to care about our or even to listen with any real attention when we make them the subject of conversation in all such cases it is possible that a third party may be more quick to perceive the real state of things than the party most concerned but i own i have often wondered what the habitual of household and personal could find to induce her to go on in the averted look the indifferent answer and the absent manner of her guests yet such is the entire occupation of some minds with subjects of this nature that they are scarcely alive to impressions from any other source and perhaps the way to prevent our annoyance of others is to recollect how often and how much we have been annoyed in this way ourselves it is then no mean or trifling for the mistress of a house to be thoroughly at home in her own domestic affairs deeply interested in the character and habits of all the different members of her household so as to extend over them the care and the solicitude of a mother and yet before her guests or in the presence of her friends to be perfectly disengaged able to enter into all their causes of anxiety or hope and above all to give an intellectual character and a moral tendency to the general tone of the conversation in which she takes a part with nothing less than this strict of the feelings as well as the habits this regard to fitness and this maintenance of order in the of one thing to another ought the wives of england to be satisfied for it is to them we look for every important bias given to the manners and the morals of that class of society upon which depends so much of the good influence of england as a nation a love of order is as much by doing any thing at its proper time as in its appropriate place and it rests with a mistress of a house to see that her own time and that of her servants is out some forgetting this and with the real advantages of order are in the habit of calling their servants from one occupation to another choosing extra work for them to do on busy days crowding a variety of occupations into one short space of time and then complaining that nothing is thoroughly done while others will put off necessary preparations until so late that everybody is and confused and well if they are not out of temper too it may possibly have occurred to others as it has to myself to be present where on the occasion of an evening party being expected all the	41
good things for the entertainment had to be made on the afternoon of the same day i need hardly add that when the guests arrived neither mistress nor servants were in a very fit state to go through the of a dignified reception then is a most essential quality in the mistress of a house if she wishes to maintain throughout her establishment the principle of order whatever others do she must it is not possible for order to exist where many minds are employed in directing a variety of movements there must be one intellect to guide the whole and whether the household to be governed belong to a mansion or a cottage whether the servants to be directed be many or few that power must be in the mistress or in some one individual to act in her stead it is from leaving this thinking and part along with the to servants that we see so many objectionable and absurd methods of the business of domestic life methods handed down from one generation to another and acted upon sometimes with great inconvenience and equal waste simply because habit has rendered it a sort of established thing that whatever is done should be done in a certain manner for servants are a class of people who think but little and many of them would rather take double pains and twice the necessary length of time in doing their work the old way than risk the experiment of a new one even if it should ever occur to them to make it it must rest with the mistress then to introduce improvements and in the transaction of household business and she will be but little fitted for her office who has not studied before her marriage the best way of doing common and familiar things whatever her good intentions or even her measure of good sense may be she will labor under painful and difficulties scarcely to be overcome by taking up this study for the first time after she has become the mistress of a house for all points of failure here her own servants will be quick to detect and most probably not slow to take advantage of a married woman thus will certainly act most wisely by concealing her own ignorance and in order to do this effectually she must avoid asking foolish questions at the same time that she watches every thing that is done with careful and quiet scrutiny so as to learn the how and the why of every trivial act before engaging in it herself or even venturing a remark upon the manner in which it may be done by others but essential as knowledge is to good domestic management we must ever bear in mind that knowledge is not all there most be a love of order a sense of fitness a quick perception of the of time and place lively impressions of reality and truth and clear convictions on the subject of relative importance and in order to the complete of a good wife and mistress there must be along with all these not only a but a strong determination to act upon such impressions and convictions to the full extent of their power to promote social domestic and individual happiness and if all these are to be under the head of order we must look for those which are still more serious under that of justice the word justice has a somewhat startling sound to female ears and i might perhaps be induced to use a softer expression could i find one suited to my purpose though after all i fancy we should none of us be much the worse for having the word justice in its simple and imperative more frequently applied to our relative and social duties it is in fact a good notion that of doing justice which has fallen a little too much into or perhaps i ought rather to say has been dismissed from its place among female duties and considered too exclusively as belonging to points of law and cases of public trial i am well aware that justice in its highest sense belongs not to creatures frail and liable to deception like ourselves but that strong sense of truth and honesty and individual right which we naturally include in our idea of the love of justice was surely given us to be exercised in our dealings with each other and in the general conduct of our domestic affairs this regard to what is just in itself necessarily is due to others and what is due from them also is the moral basis upon which all good management depends for when once this foundation is removed an is opened for innumerable lower mo j order justice and benevolence such as selfishness vanity caprice and a host of others of the same unworthy character to enter and mix themselves up with the conduct of daily life we cannot therefore be too to detect or too prompt to overcome these enemies to right feeling and to duty and i believe we shall be best enabled to do this with the divine blessing upon our by a habit of constantly stretching our ideas to the broad and comprehensive nature of justice in general justice in its simplicity and its without from the influence of custom and without those which owe their existence to an artificial state of society with a strong sense of justice the kind and considerate mistress will see that every member of her household has some rights which others ought not to be allowed to and if she be attentive to the welfare of her family she will find sufficient exercise for her love of justice in the settlement of all differences which may arise out of the of individual interests even the most insignificant member of such a family that unfortunate attached to almost all under the name of the boy ail	41
from him down to the very animals will have their rights and such rights can only be maintained by the authority of one mind thus the abuse or the neglect of domestic animals can never prevail to any great extent where the mistress does her duty for though servants will sometimes lavish their upon such creatures they are for the most part careless about their actual wants and unless properly instructed and even looked after in this respect they will sometimes be absolutely cruel the mistress of a house may thus have an opportunity of teaching her servants what they possibly will have had no means of learning at home that these are creatures committed to our care by their creator and ours and that we have no more right to practise cruelty upon them than we have to the righteous law of god in any other respect regarding the important subject of economy in its character of a great moral obligation rather than simply as an individual benefit i shall place it under the head of justice and i do this in the humble hope that when it may obtain a greater share of serious attention than could be desired were the subject to be considered the mere act of saving money true economy and that which alone deserves our regard as a study i have already described as consisting in doing the greatest amount of good with the smallest pecuniary means not only good to the poor and to society in general but good to the family of which we form a part and of course this study the of absolute waste in any department whatever such a system of economy i consider to be entirely distinct from the mere act of saving money except so far as that all economical persons will endeavor to save money to a certain extent in order that they or their families may not be dependent upon others a sense of justice will also induce them to make a suitable provision for those under their care without doing which they have certainly no right to be generous everything necessary to the practice of this kind of economy is consequently necessary to the exercise of justice we shall therefore turn our attention the more seriously to a few hints on the most commonplace of all subjects that of saving nor let the refined and fastidious young wife retaining all her boarding school contempt for such homely household virtues dismiss the subject with the hasty conclusion that such studies are only for the vulgar or the low there are those who could tell her that there is a vulgarity in extravagance of which the really well bred are seldom guilty and that no persons are so much to the lavish and waste of money as those who have been raised from low birth and education to means but it is impossible to believe that the sound minded honest hearted upright women who form the majority of english wives should deceive themselves by notions so the wives op england as these and i only wish it were possible to in the present work the united evidence of such women in favor of the plans they have themselves found most to the promotion of comfort and economy combined i place these two words together because that can never be called good management which has not reference to both or which from the one for the purpose of adding to the other that can never be called good management where economy takes of comfort except only in cases of debt where comfort ought unquestionably to give place to honesty and still less can that be called good management where comfort is the only consideration because the higher consideration of justice must then be neglected in order to carry out the principle of justice in her household transactions it is highly important that the mistress of a family should make herself thoroughly acquainted with the prices and qualities of all common and familiar things that she may thus be enabled to pay for every thing brought into her house these are opportunities of observing or the laws of justice which few have the energy and still fewer the inclination to look after themselves and they are consequently left for the most part to servants and trades people to as they think proper each regarding their own interest and convenience as it is perfectly natural that they should servants of course prefer having every article of household consumption brought to the door and in large towns this is easily managed by small in such articles who can their prices as they think proper without the of the mistress of the house and sometimes without any direct reference to what is the real value of their property that too much is trusted to interested parties in such cases as these must be clear to the meanest understanding for we all know the tendency there is in human nature to use for selfish purposes the power of doing what is not strictly right and especially where this can be done without fear of detection in the m daughters of england i have strongly recommended that young women should cultivate habits of attention to the public as well as the private affairs of the country in which they live so far as to obtain a general knowledge of its laws and institutions and of the great political movements taking place around them the abuse of such knowledge is to make it the basis of party feeling and political but its proper and legitimate use is that which respectable influential and patriotic women to carry out the views of an enlightened through those minor channels which form the connection between public and private life and the right direction of which is of the utmost importance to the welfare of the country in general how little do women over their work sometimes	41
may be more valuable than a costly the married woman as soon as she takes upon herself the responsibility of standing at the head of an establishment should withdraw herself in a great measure from those little obligations and which as a young woman and unmarried she might with propriety have received she must therefore strictly avoid such especially from the great remembering that in being the mistress of a house she has herself become a source from whence kindness ought to flow and consequently is not so proper an object for receiving it to be just before we are generous is a good old the duties of benevolence must therefore always be made to those of integrity but still where a family is neither in debt nor in want of the common necessaries of life there must be something due from such a family to those who are more than themselves it is a privilege we all enjoy of being at liberty to choose our own way of being charitable yet if we think seriously on the subject of giving as a duty and regard our means as only lent to us for the purpose of doing the greatest possible amount of good which they are capable of we shall find that instead of its being the mere indulgence of a natural impulse to give it is often the study of a lifetime to learn how to give to judge by the of its practice one would suppose that one of the most approved methods of serving the poor was to give away at the door pieces of broken or otherwise objectionable food yet i am disposed to think that upon the whole more harm than good results from this practice for to say nothing of the temptation it offers to the poor to their own wants and sufferings the temptation to servants is no trifling one to be perpetually adding to the charitable what a little ingenuity or care might have converted into a wholesome or dish besides which it is impossible that any family should be able to furnish a regular supply of such food and the disappointment of the really destitute must be very great on those days when they are obliged to return home to set down to an empty table or perhaps to go to bed in addition to which objections we may safely add that the fewer and the wives op england about to be found at our doors the better those are seldom the most who ask assistance in this way and happily for our benevolence there are innumerable channels now open through which we may at least endeavor to do good with less probability of doing harm in the exercise of kindness to the poor care is often necessary to avoid into popular mistakes with regard to the merit of certain cases which after all frequently consists in nothing more than a few circumstances of interest to them the tide of fashion when it takes a charitable course will sometimes pour a perfect flood of benefits upon certain individuals to the neglect of others equally deserving and perhaps more in need but the mistress of a family whose mind is well governed will be her own judge in such matters and not allowing either or self indulgence to stand in her way nor even the task to others she will as far as it is possible to do so examine the case for herself in order that she may not be led away by the partial statements or highly colored representations of her friends for all the purposes of benevolence she will also keep a separate provision and separate accounts in order to ascertain at the end of the year or at any particular time what has been the exact proportion of her resources thus distributed without this kind of record we are apt sometimes to fancy we have been more generous than is really the case or on the other hand we may have been liberal beyond what was just for it is not the number of cases we relieve which has to be considered so much as the due proportion of our means which is bestowed upon charitable purposes when the duty of benevolence extended through offices of charity is considered in this light as being no duty in some cases and in others one of serious extent and responsibility and thus bearing through all the degrees between these two extremes exact reference to our pecuniary means to our situation in life and to the number of relative claims we have to fulfil it will easily be seen that to lay down any precise rules for the amount of money which ought to be expended in charity would be upon an extent of knowledge which no single individual can possess besides which there are so many ways of doing good that benevolent feeling can often find free exercise through channels which could scarcely be considered as belonging to what is generally understood by charity but while perfectly aware that little can be done in the way of our creatures without regard to their spiritual welfare i own i am one of those who would wish that the bodies as well as the of the poor might be cared for nor can i think they would be less likely to attend to instruction for being comfortably clothed and sufficiently fed the mistress of a family when truly benevolent will not rest satisfied with merely giving to the poor she will visit them in their dwellings make herself acquainted with their habits characters and circumstances and while urging upon them their religious duties or such means of religious instruction as may be within their reach her own experience in the practice of economy will enable her occasionally to throw in a few useful hints on the best method of their scanty means so as that every thing may be turned to	41
the most useful account assistance of this kind and kindly given is often more valuable than money would be without it and those who have but little to give may often by such means extend their influence to as wide a circle of usefulness as if they had thousands at their disposal the and the suffering are often good judges of what is real and what is sympathy or of what is meant kindness without sympathy at all thus the most sincere and fervent zeal for their spiritual improvement often fails to produce any effect simply from the fact of little attention being paid to their affairs or only such as they can perceive at once to be un l accompanied by any feeling of sympathy it is a happy constitution of mind therefore which has been given to woman no doubt for holy and benevolent purposes which her with a quick and sensitive feeling to enter into all the of daily experience without interruption to those higher aims which must occupy the supreme attention of every christian woman in her intercourse with those who are brought under her influence or her care the advantages of are never more felt than in our association with the poor by a look or a tone they may be attracted or yet how little do some worthy people think of this when they speak to the poor in an or manner it is good to bear about with us the remembrance of this fact that we have no more right to be rude to the poor than to the rich even as regards household servants so strong is the feeling of that class of persons in this respect that i believe who never from a proper manner of speaking themselves have seldom occasion to complain that their servants speak to them in every mistress of a family the poor of her immediate neighborhood should feel that they have a friend and where the principle of benevolence has been strongly in the heart such a mistress will esteem this consideration too high a privilege to allow any regard for mere personal interest to interfere with the just discharge of so sacred a trust yet to the poor and with reference to their ultimate all who have made the experiment will allow to be a difficult as well as a sacred duty requiring much patience forbearance and of mind with much confidence in a providence and faith in him who chose his own among the poor that benevolence which its career with high expectations of reward in this world is sure to be withered by disappointment indeed there is so much to the exercise of charity for the sake of producing great and conspicuous results that most persons who begin upon this principle end by having their temper their confidence destroyed and their minds by feelings towards their fellow creatures in general the poor are so ungrateful is their frequent remark tt so so requiring there is no pleasure in doing any thing for them but how different is the spirit which these complaints from that of the bible where the poor are mentioned in almost every page and where the duty of kindness and consideration towards them is enforced upon the simple ground of their being without regard to any other merit or whatever nor is it to the poor alone but towards her fellow creatures in general that the woman who the of a family should cultivate feelings of kindness and benevolence men engaged in the active affairs of life have neither time nor opportunity for those innumerable little acts of consideration which come within the sphere of female duty nor are they by nature so fitted as woman for entering into the peculiarities of personal feeling so as to enable them to with the suffering or the distressed but woman in the happiest exercise of her natural all those which are combined in a real friend and as such she ought always to be regarded at the head of her domestic establishment a friend with whom all within the reach of her influence may feel that their interests are safe a friend in whose sympathy all may share and in whose charity all may find a place no one however can be such a friend as this without having cultivated benevolent dispositions towards the human race in general without feeling that all are members of one great family only differently placed for a short period of their existence and that all are objects of kindness and care to the same heavenly father the wives of england chap xi treatment of servants and if as soon as a woman she has the services of domestic at her command she has also upon her the responsibility of their comfort and their general welfare and it is a serious thought that she cannot by any means escape from this responsibility whatever may in other respects be the privileges and of her situation neither the affection of her husband nor the kindness of her friends can do any thing to relieve her here except only so fer as their advice may aid her judgment but as the mistress of a house she must be the one responsible being for the habits and in a great measure for the circumstances of those who are placed under her care by the thoughtless or inexperienced it may be asked how this should be since servants are expected to care for us not we for them such however is not the language of a christian woman with whom it will be impossible to forget that her influence and example must give a tone to the character of her whole household and if there be no solicitude for a bias to be given towards what is good it must be towards what is evil it is morally impossible that it should be neither one way nor the	41
other because the very time which a servant beneath a master s roof will of necessity be old habits if not spent in acquiring new ones and thus while fondly persuading yourself that because you are doing nothing you cannot be doing harm you may in reality be guilty of the sin of which in cases of moral responsibility is often of the most serious consequence it is too frequently considered that servants are a class of persons merely subject to our authority could we regard them more as placed under our influence we should take a wider and more enlightened view of our own with regard to them and after all it is influence rather than authority which a household not but that every mistress has a right to expect obedience all neglect of which is injurious to both the parties concerned and in order to enforce which her orders should always be given in as clear and decided a manner as possible leaving nothing except where it is absolutely necessary to and nothing to the choice of the servant herself unless good reasons should be for a change of purpose and then the orders of the mistress should be so as to make the purpose her own and not to allow the servant an opportunity of feeling that she has the plans of her mistress and in reality her own where the mistress is an ignorant one these points of are very difficult to maintain and the habit of giving foolish orders inconvenient or impossible to be and of finding that her servant is capable of proposing what is at once more reasonable and much to be preferred will in all probability reduce her to a mere as regards authority in her kitchen and may ultimately be the cause of her withdrawing from all interference there but necessary as it is that a mistress should be obeyed i repeat that it is not by mere authority that a household can be well governed because there are innumerable ways in which servants can deceive without being detected and carry on their own schemes while they appear to be those of a mistress it is therefore by no other means than by the establishment of mutual feelings of confidence and respect that we can hope to be as faithfully served when absent as when our in person and as i have already said that a kitchen can never be the proper element for an enlightened woman to live in the greater confidence she feels in a right system being carried on there the more leisure she will possess for other and the more happiness she will enjoy the question then arises how is this right understanding and this perfect confidence to be attained i answer first by respecting the rights of servants and secondly by i treatment of servants etc on to their interests there are certain which you have a right to require of hem and among them is obedience t there are also many things which even they might greatly promote your you have no right to require you have no right to require a of wages below what you first agreed to give or indeed any from what was for in that agreement and here it may be well to observe that all particular with regard to dress and personal habits should be mentioned at that time so that no disappointments or may afterwards arise notes should also be made of such arrangements with the time of and the rate of wages and when all things in the beginning are clearly stated ind fully understood it may tend greatly to he of unpleasant consequences whatever your own circumstances may e it is the right of your servants to have a of rest and of wholesome food ind even in cases of sickness or other you have no right to require that either be given up to request it as a kindness is the only proper manner in which a servant should be brought to make such and we have often a beautiful example for imitation in the perfect with which when thus treated they will deny themselves personal indulgence more especially sit up night after night with the sick without in the times their daily work it is a delicate part of good management but a very important one in maintaining influence to keep always clear distinctions on these points and not even to demand the pillow from the servant s bed remembering that all things essential to their daily and nightly rest have been for in your first agreement and that your servants are consequently under no greater obligation than other members of your family to give up what may be under the head of bed or board but i must again observe that there is a manner of these things to be done when required on any extraordinary occasion which seldom meets with a refusal or even with an unwilling compliance a certain degree of care of your servants health is a species of kindness which they always feel gratefully and which is no more than ought to be shown by the mistress towards every member of her household indeed it is impossible to imagine a kind hearted woman the pallid looks and languid movements of those who are spending their strength in her service and if she be at the same time a lover of justice she will remember that the bodily exercise necessary for carrying on household labor during the day requires a greater interval of rest than such occupations as are generally carried on in the drawing room instead of which how often do we find those on whom the burden of this labor required to rise two or three hours earlier than their mistress and kept up at night as late as any of the household kept up perhaps to wait for the return of visitors when another	41
member of the family allowed to rest longer in the morning might as well have done so in their stead kept up on a cold winter s night to warm a bed which the indulgent might more properly have warmed herself unless she had chosen to retire earlier or kept up perhaps until a late hour for family worship a practice which requires no further comment than to say that except on very extraordinary occasions or where great allowance is made in the morning for rest no servants ought to be expected to attend family worship after ten at night by allowing and even requiring your servants to retire early you have a right to expect their services early in the morning without which no household can be properly conducted for when the day with hurry and confusion in order to overtake lost time the same state of things only by its tendency to call forth evil impatient expressions and angry will in all probability continue until the end of the day and here we see as in thousands of instances besides the importance of making ourselves acquainted with what belongs to nature and especially that of the human heart we may compel an outward of the laws we lay down for our own families but we cannot compel such feelings to go along with their as alone can render it of any lasting benefit either to our servants or ourselves thus by rendering our service an irksome one or in other words not attending to what the constitution of human nature requires we effectually destroy our good influence and if by bringing religion into the same hard service we render it an irksome restraint the mischief we do by this means may be as fearful in its extent as it is serious and important in its character but of this more in another chapter the same care which is exercised with regard to your servants health should be extended to their habits in general and even to cases in which their good alone is concerned for it is an act of injustice to complain of the habits of this class of persons without doing your part to form upon better principles those which come within the sphere of your influence it is often objected to this duty that nothing can be done for the good of young servants so long as they are encouraged at home in what is foolish and wrong the mothers then are clearly to blame and certainly the mothers in many poor families are bad enough but who made the mothers what they are or helped to make them so unquestionably the or under whose influence their early lives were spent and have you not then sufficient regard for the welfare of future generations to begin a new system by which the errors of the last may be corrected for the little thoughtless girl just entering beneath your the young nursery maid she of whom nobody thinks except to find fault when she has done wrong she who perhaps never thinks herself except to contrive how she shall manage to purchase a ribbon like that upon her mistress s cap this very girl is gradually under your influence and at least under your care that great and important change of thought feeling and habit which is not called the formation of character and this girl consequently take away with her whatever bias she receives either from your neglect or your attentions first into other families and then into her own where she herself will probably in her turn have to train up children both for this world and the next will the wives of england then think me very extravagant in my notions of what is due towards servants when i propose to those in the middle class of society that as christian women they should consider such young servants as placed peculiarly under their care because it is only by beginning early that that great and radical change can be effected in the habits and character of servants generally which all unite in considering as so required if a mistress would really do this and i cannot see how any responsible person so is justified in it she would consider that some of her servants wardrobe was absolutely necessary and as they grow older and come to be with money of their own the same should extend to their manner of spending it it is an excellent thing when servants are allowed time for making their own clothes and it is no mean occupation for the mistress of a house to teach them how to do so i speak on the supposition that she is acquainted with this art herself for i cannot imagine the education of an english woman in the middle class of society complete without her having become familiar with the art of making every article of dress she wears not that she is under any obligation to continue the practice of making her own clothes that is a totally different matter but as this class of women are situated and taking into account all the of change of circumstance failure of health or failure of pecuniary means i am convinced that no one could have to regret while thousands might have to rejoice at having acquired in early life an art so capable of being made useful both to themselves and others i believe that one half of the discomfort and apparent of the poor around us arises not so much from absolute want of means as from the absence of all knowledge of this kind they are unfortunately but too ready to imitate us in our love of finery our extravagance and self indulgence and it is a serious question whether they discover any thing else in us which they can imitate but let them see our economy our industry our contrivance and our	41
solicitude to turn every thing to the best account and i believe they would not be slow to imitate these habits as well as the others the art of mending for instance though most important to the poor is one in which they are deficient and so much waste disorder and are the consequence of not being able to mend that this department of neatness and economy is one in which all young servants should be carefully instructed more especially as the making up of new clothes is a much easier as well as generally more agreeable task than that of mending old ones so that they look respectable to the last by mis kind of of her servants wardrobe a kind hearted and judicious mistress may easily obtain some direction in the expenditure of their money and in nothing is assistance to the poorer classes more necessary than in this servants generally are pleased to have the approbation of a beloved and respected mistress in those cases over which she does not assume any direct authority and they would be equally to find they had incurred her by the purchase of what was worthless or their situation by this means too would generally be better able than they are to understand what is sufficient and consequently what is just with regard to wages for while on the one hand some require their servants always to look respectable without allowing them the means to do so others are induced by fashion or custom to give higher wages than are really any benefit to the but the variety of instances are too numerous to in which the christian care and of a good mistress may be invaluable to a young servant i will mention but one more and that of greater importance than any which have yet men under our consideration i mean the preservation of young servants from circumstances of sure or temptation those who have never lived in large towns and especially in london would scarcely give credit to the facts were they told the number of instances in which servants are brought from the country and being obliged from illness or some other cause to leave their are allowed to be cast upon the mercy of the public and and too often a prey to the cruel which are practised upon young females thus situated some of the most painful among the many distressing circumstances which come under the notice of those christian ladies who have the of female are cases in which country servants have been brought to town and having lost their health or suffered from accident have been placed in and left there without regard to their future destiny when on coming out they have found that all clue was lost to their former masters or and that they were consequently alone in the streets of london without money without friends and without the knowledge of any respectable place in which they might find shelter it may be said that these are extreme cases but it is true that these and others of similar neglect are not so rare as persons would suppose who are with the of our large towns another evil against which ought to be especially on their guard is the introduction of women or other into their families in the country it is comparatively easy to ascertain what is the general moral character the wives op england of those around us but in large towns this knowledge is more difficult to acquire and mischief has often been the consequence of young servants with persons of this description the practice of sending out young female servants late at night to bring home any members of the family who may be out visiting or placing them in any other manner in circumstances of exposure are considerations to which we ought not to be indifferent and the mistress who allows her servant to be thus would do well to ask herself how she would like a young sister or a daughter to be placed in a similar situation can it be that youth has not as strong a claim to our protection in the lower as in the higher walks of life can it be that innocence is not as precious to the poor as to the rich did the case admit of any degree of comparison i should say that it was more so for what has a poor girl but her character to depend upon or when once the of having from the strict line of propriety to her name who is there to defend her from the consequences her future lot will in all probability be to become the wife of some poor and hard working man whose whole amount of worldly wealth will be in the respectability of his humble home who then through indifference or neglect would allow a shadow to steal in still less a to fall where in spite of poverty in spite of trial in spite of all those hardships which are the inevitable portion of the man who his bread by the labor of his hands liis home might still be an earthly paradise to him young women of a higher grade in society or those who are more properly called ladies being all taught in the great school of polished society acquire the same habits of decorum and even of modesty to a certain extent and the of society rendering it more painful to from such habits than to maintain them through life we come very naturally to look upon them rather as a matter of course than as a merit but in the modesty of a poor young girl there is beauty because we know that it must arise from the right feelings of her heart and none who are capable of truly this charm would for the wealth of worlds be the cause of its being lost it is a common saying	41
with servants that they do not fear work if well treated and i believe such little acts of consideration as the heart of a kind mistress will naturally suggest may be made to go much further in them to a right performance of their duty than either high wages or great personal indulgence a little consideration shown for their wishes where the matter is one of little moment to their is felt by them as a real kindness and often abundantly rewarded by their and alacrity in doing whatever is required of them an instance was once brought painfully under my notice where the mistress of a house and some of her family were consulting about whether a servant should be sent to a neighboring town before or after dinner they themselves appearing to have no choice it was suggested by another party that the servant would prefer going in the afternoon he prefer it indeed v exclaimed the lady of the house then for that reason he shall go in the morning when it is added that the lady was a most kind and in many respects truly excellent character this fact is difficult to believe and i am only induced to state it as a striking proof to what an extent benevolent feeling may be restrained in its exercise by the habit of thinking that servants are merely passive instruments upon which authority ought to be exercised and that consequently all on their part to an equality of feeling with ourselves as regards what is agreeable or otherwise ought to be put down by the most prompt and decided measures after all however it must be allowed that there are some servants and perhaps not a few who cannot by the best and most judicious treatment be to our wishes and with regard to these if the case is a de i treatment of servants etc one that they can neither do good to us nor we to them the sooner we get rid of them the better before deciding too hastily to part with a servant we should however call into exercise all the charity we can by remembering how different their education and early treatment have been from ours and if we cannot on this ground forgive them some faults either they or we must be wrong indeed again there may have been faults on our side as well as theirs we may have been too in our discipline for kindness ceases to be such when it into thus to permit servants to feel that there are in your household of duty which you never and places and things secure from your inspection is allowing them a license which few are so conscientious as not in some measure to abuse it may happen too that you have been expecting regularity from them while you have failed to practise it yourself or that you have been requiring neatness order and when your own example on these points of has been far from corresponding with your and that care should be exercised not to part too hastily with servants is as much for the interest of one party as another since the distinction of a bad name as a mistress is sure to be felt in its natural consequence of preventing good servants seeking employment under such direction it is in the power of all to make it a privilege to live with them but still even this privilege will occasionally be abused there are cases too in which the natural dispositions of the two parties are not suited and there is such a thing as a mistress becoming afraid of her servant afraid to her plans or afraid to enforce others and where such is the feeling whatever may be the of the servant that she is not in her proper place with such a mistress is sufficiently evident instances of or other cases of serious moral i have not deemed it necessary to mention because all must be aware of the importance of treating them in an and summary manner the only thing to be observed in relation to these is that the evidence upon which we act should be clear and decisive in all cases of dissatisfaction it is good to bear in mind the familiar and true that good make good servants and that with persons who are constantly changing some fault must rest with themselves some fault either to or neglect some fault arising either from too great indulgence or too great severity or perhaps from a mixture of both and i am strongly disposed to think that of such faults many of the we complain of in our domestic affairs and especially those which arise out of the foolish perverse or conduct of our servants might be by more careful attention being paid to the formation of their character when young that a better system is also required with regard to the practice of giving characters to servants is universally allowed yet few persons seem to have the moral courage to begin with a plan which shall at once be more just to the and the employed this weakness of purpose no doubt in an amiable feeling of anxiety lest by speaking of our servants as we have really found them we should deprive them of a future home the case unquestionably has its difficulties yet as a moral obligation it must be allowed that the sooner we begin to act fairly and honestly the better it will ultimately be both for ourselves and those with whom we are associated and there can be no doubt that the confidence all servants feel in being able to obtain what is called a character so long as they have not been really insolent or renders them more careless than they otherwise would be of those minor points of domestic duty which taken as a whole form an of considerable importance to	41
those who engage their services this then is one of those cases in which the wives of the wives op england england are called upon to assist each other not only in making a strong determination but in acting upon it so far as to break through a popular and long established practice by speaking of servants when asked for their character in such terms as they really deserve without reference to their worldly interests or indeed to any thing but the simple truth if by such means a few of them should be longer than they now are in obtaining situations a great many would be more careful to fill their places to the satisfaction of the families by whom they are employed and thus honesty would be found in the end as it always is to be the best policy in addition to household servants many married women have upon them the serious responsibility of caring for or other in the way of business and in the discharge of these duties it is most important for all who are thus to ask themselves whether they are acting upon the golden rule of doing to others what they would that others should do to them or to those in whom they are most warmly interested if they are their merit is great and there can be no doubt but their reward will be so too for we must all allow that it requires no ordinary share of kind feeling or of christian principle to do all which a high sense of duty requires in this respect there are many reasons why the task is difficult almost too difficult for mere human nature to perform and it is not the least of these that most young men who begin to learn a business enter as strangers into a family at an age when they have little to recommend them as companions except to their own associates or to a partial parent yet at that precise time of their lives when the formation of their habits and character requires the care it is easy to imagine that few women would prefer spending much of their time with youths of fifteen or eighteen years of age in connection with whom they have no family tie or strong connecting interest but why on the other hand the wife of a man who is engaged in business to the successful pursuit of which she owes all her pecuniary advantages should hold herself above her husband s clerks or i never could distinctly see more especially as time was when her own husband was thus situated and most probably time will be when her sons will be the same is it possible then that a mother thus can look with indifference to the future when the happy boy who plays beside her the joy of her own heart and the pride of his father s the spirited handsome fellow who carries away the at his school and lords it over his and only into tenderness when he sees his mother s is it possible that she can think with indifference of the time when he shall be old enough to go out into a stranger s family nay actually be bound there for a term of years and thus as it were with the entire fabric of a new order of domestic arrangements yet notwithstanding all this made to sit apart and to feel that he is not only an alien but an absolute intruder as regards the mistress of that family and her friends could the fond mother follow her boy when thus up to his own bedroom in the and see how often for want of a welcome at the household hearth he sits there upon his box and reads the books he brought from home at the risk of being for the light he has kept burning could she see the far off way in which he sits at the family board satisfying his hunger according to necessity not choice could she see the manner in which from the very of the life of his young spirit he is driven down and compelled to make merry with associates to himself at least to that self with which he was identified in his father s home but which he has almost ceased to remember now could she hear when he speaks how his voice is becoming gradually to the utterance of low thoughts and words which never formed a part of the language of his home but beyond all this could she see his treatment of servants etc his days of rest those happy days when the members of his father s family used all to be united in equality of feeling and only to give to each other could she behold him walking the streets of some great town and for want of home attractions for want of cordiality and welcome at his master s fireside himself with the sinful of others could the mother beholding all this trace out its fearful and degrading consequences upon the future destiny of her boy she would be ready to exclaim to the mistress of that household save my child should any such appeal be made the mistress of that family would in all probability reply with indignation the young men employed in my husband s business enjoy the very best of food they are not required to work beyond the hours agreed upon and their sleeping rooms are healthy and well furnished and all this may be strictly true yet the mother s heart may be for she knows and we all know that it is possible to be well cared for as regards the body and yet be made to feel most destitute we all know that there is a kind of treatment which the moral feelings and another	41
are but supplied in this respect that they are to mix in society upon the same terms as the rich and more especially after one or more generations have marked this difference between them and their relatives by stronger characters while it is left to all persons to decide according to their own judgment to what extent they will cultivate the acquaintance of their poorer relatives the manner of doing this admits of no doubt for to receive them as guests without a welcome is at once a breach of justice and of hospitality the welcome then which i would earnestly recommend is one which sets them perfectly at ease as to any fear of intrusion and which does away with all idea that personally they are considered as by the mistress of the house though at the same time her behavior should be such as to assist them in marking out for their safety in with others those delicate distinctions upon the nice of which so much of their comfort and respectability depends by encouraging them to trust to her in expressing her wishes respecting them she may as the mistress of a house be enabled to become a real friend to a class of persons whose claims are perhaps the strongest of any upon our sympathy and consideration for let the case be our own let the lapse of time as it passes over our family connections leave us alone to struggle with a tide of adverse circumstances while those who originally off from the v social influence same root are in the sunshine of prosperity let us ask of our own hearts whether we should not sometimes feel it hard to be shut out from their and thrust down as it were into a lower grade of society altogether without any fault of our own nor is it so much the fact itself as the of this fact which we should feel it hard to bear the of our relations to forget us their cold or forced when we claimed their attention compared with the warmth of their emotions towards those who were more distinguished than ourselves the situations they might point out to us as eligible but which they would almost die rather than occupy the times they would choose for inviting us when no one else was likely to appeal the multitude of things reserved for us to do when our health required that we should have perfect rest all which are perfectly natural and might easily occur without any accompaniment of unkind feeling yet these are only small of a vast sum like of dust in the long wearisome and humiliating path which the poor relation must tread in with the rich in all such circumstances how much may the themselves be to the sufferer by the kind and cordial treatment of the mistress of a family and especially by one whose high sense of justice and generosity admits of no half beneath her roof such a mistress will consider the poor i relative as peculiarly under her protection to guard from to bring forward as occasion may invite to keep back as circumstances may require and to render comfortable and at ease whatever may occur and if in the contemplation of this duty in addition to those already dwelt upon in this chapter the english wife should fear that her time will be so occupied in thinking of others is to leave none for thinking of herself she must remember that by these means she gather around her a strong of friends whose love and gratitude will leave her little to wish for which it is in their power to supply and beyond this she will find that by the same means she has been put in possession of one of the great secrets of human that of making others happy chapter xii social influence visiting and receiving visits being regarded by ome married women as among the most important of life it may possibly to such individuals imply an ignorance of the claims of society when i venture to hint at the probability of this being one of the peculiar temptations against which women in general would do wisely to be on their guard especially against acquiring a habit of visiting as a means of escape from the and monotony of their own it needs but little acquaintance with domestic duty to know that there must be something wrong in the home of that woman who is always leaving it although on the other hand few persons would recommend exclusive confinement to the same narrow sphere of thought and action in which we exist at home it is good to go out into society sometimes in order that we may return with the greater relish but a still more extensive amount of good is derived from what we may learn in mixed society and sometimes even from the individuals we meet with there it must however depend much upon ourselves whether we go out prepared to make visiting a wholesome refreshment to the mind or a means of collecting and low ideas with regard to our own affairs and those of our neighbors when a married woman goes out intent upon reckoning the cost of the entertainment she of upon comparing her neighbor s furniture with her own but especially upon the excellence of all which falls under her notice it may safely be said that she would the wives of england have been better at home but when she goes out with a desire to extend her kindly feelings towards her fellow creatures in general to learn from others and to impart knowledge in return or in other words to do and receive good in any way that may open she will seldom have the mortification of returning home weary and or wishing she had never gone but pleasant as this kind of	41
of what is real practical and true thus the wife who really does her duty is not condemned by her female friends as being a commonplace and perhaps a vulgar or being but could they really know what deep and thrilling interests are to her involved in this her duty what high and burning zeal what what enthusiasm what feeling are expended upon the of each day marked as they must be by the ebb and flow of affection s ceaseless tide could they see all this how would they start astonished at their own mistake in having supposed that the mere material elements upon which the duties of a i wife were exercised were in themselves what constituted the reality of all the interest which she had in life no beyond these visible signs which tell of the or neglect of duty she has a a soul a spiritual existence which every thing between the wide extremes of happiness and wo and if her early associates will not believe it if they will withdraw themselves and think and say that she is changed it is because she regards all the intense and profound realities of the life she now leads as too sacred to be even before the eye of friendship but she is not changed a warm woman cannot change to those she has loved in early life simply because her name her home and the occupations which fill up her time are not the same affection in such a heart can never die where it has once fixed it will retain its hold and if by force it should be shaken off it will be like away a portion of the heart itself if new ties are formed it does not follow that the old ones shall be broken they rather grow into the soul from having been with its earliest affections and if they are less in after life it is only because they lie the deepest and are consequently the most concealed but to return to the subject of duty in the act of entertaining her familiar friends and particularly those who are younger than herself the married woman may possibly suppose that she only a pleasant by which the more serious business of life may be with social amusement but however much this might have been the case in her single state it is so no longer for as the mistress of a house and the head of a family she holds a relation to her young friends which is necessarily invested with a degree of authority and for the use of this authority she is as a christian woman even if no attempt is made to use her influence so as to give to the minds around her a bias either one way or another some bias will necessarily be given by the character of her establishment and the tone of feeling by which her domestic and social affairs are regulated besides which her young friends will naturally look to her to see what plans she wishes to adopt and what principles it is her object to carry out and their conduct will be regulated accordingly for whatever the degree of familiarity may be which exists between them the rules which she has adopted for the government of her household they will feel it an obligation strictly to observe the mistress of a house too will have an influence beyond this and one which is rarely enjoyed through any other medium of communication for if she be one who has cultivated and her own mind up for the benefit of others all those means of being agreeable which no woman ought to neglect she will be the delight of her young friends as a fireside companion and as such will share in all their moments of vivacity and unlimited freedom the authority of teachers and unfortunately sometimes that of parents too extends only to those hours of discipline which are spent immediately under their care could any system of instruction be made to without the sports of children or could any means of influence be made to operate upon their play what an amount of additional good might be effected in the formation of individual character for how often is it found that the child who is taught questioned and examined by his masters who answers freely and on the points referred to and who is ready and prompt as if his whole mind was there is in reality but an actor performing his part in that august presence from which the moment he is dismissed his real character bursts forth in the play ground to be developed in an entire being as opposite to that which stood before the desk as if they held no relation to each other how often too do we find that persons who appear staid and on serious occasions are most objectionable companions in their the wives op england mirth while on the other hand those whose mirth is innocent and pure and all taint from selfish or malignant feeling may safely be trusted when they are in earnest but the mistress of a family in the midst of her young friends the high privilege of giving a right tone to their and the spirit of their mirth that is if she has so cultivated her own understanding as to know what belongs to nature and to be able to herself to it for without this power she must ever be a stranger to the inner and more potent workings of the human heart but if she has studied those accomplishments which are particularly attractive to youth and those more important of mind and intellect which give superiority as well as interest wherever they are found she will be able to render the moments spent beneath her roof the most privileged perhaps of a whole moments in which good impressions were rendered as being	41
accompanied by the most delightful associations moments retained within the richest treasury of memory to be made the pattern of the intercourse and the highest intellectual communion through other chains of association extending from family to family and from heart to heart into a never ending future we see here the consequences which i have perhaps sufficiently dwelt upon of having cultivated the art of being agreeable not to shine in general society as is too frequently the case not to establish any personal claim to admiration merely to render striking and brilliant the intellectual companionship of a single hour but to make the fireside circle a centre of attraction to which the young may love to resort to render home the chosen spot of earth where all who are admitted within its social fellowship may delight to dwell where hopes and joys may be shared together and where all the thoughts most cherished and enjoyed are such as tend towards a happier and state of existence without having studied the cultivation of the mind or the of the character in general how can the mistress of a family throw around the scenes of this intellectual and spiritual charm how can she keep away the cloud of the monotony of common place the shadow of discontent of which young persons so often complain when visiting their married friends and how when her intercourse with them is marked by no lively or impressive character can she expect that her influence over them will extend to what is lasting or good it is impossible because it is not in the nature of the human heart to be thus influenced without being thus impressed to the married woman then it is a serious thing to have lost by or neglect those golden opportunities of being useful to society which her position naturally places within her reach for it is not so much our private which have weight and perhaps still less our public ones so much as the influence of individual character upon a surrounding circle and through that circle upon the world at large the english wife should therefore regard her position as a central one and remember that from her as the head of a family and the mistress of a household branch off in every direction trains of thought and tones of feeling upon those more immediately around her but by no means ceasing there for each of her each of her relatives and each of her familiar friends will in their turn become the centre of another circle from which will good or evil influence extending in the same manner to the end of all to the of all earthly ties and the union of the great family of heaven where sweet and harmonious notes of her own teaching may possibly be numbered with the songs of the blessed forever and forever is it then a subject merely to be glanced over with a careless wish that we could be useful to our fellow creatures that we could leave on the minds of those who will remember us when we are dead some last social influence ing impress worthy of their high destiny and ours all may do this of that we are convinced but are we equally or sufficiently convinced that some impress will and must be left whether we have desired it or not and what if it should be such as to mark them out for wrath in the great day of wrath and if that too should have spread as the other might have done on on from one circle and one generation to another from one family one community one people one country on every hand until the world itself should suffer from the universal taint the carrying out of such a thought to its full extent is too tremendous and yet we know of no natural limits by which influence either good or evil can be confined or arrested in its progress towards eternity we can only ask with and prayer that what we have hitherto exercised amiss may be for good and that what we have yet to exercise may be directed by him who alone can give the power to use it for his glory there are many cases of practical duty in which it seems as if the language of scripture had by general consent been explained away as referring to times and circumstances in which we have no part in none is this more striking than as regards hospitality few of us considering ourselves at all the more required from any thing we meet with there when we prepare a feast to call in the poor or the to partake without pretending to be wiser than others by applying these and similar more literally than they appear to be generally understood it seems to me a question of deep importance to a serious mind whether we are not many of us required to go much further than we do in extending our hospitality to those who according to the of the world may appear to have but little claim upon such attentions there is an extensive class of persons who if we would do to them as we would that others should do to us under similar circumstances instead of being objects of general neglect would become objects of our especial kindness in this respect i mean those who are separated from their own home connections by becoming in business or otherwise attached to families in which they are comparatively strangers it cannot be denied that a system of hospitality thus carried out towards persons so or according to the scripture rule of inviting those who cannot ask us in return would require the exercise of considerable self denial as well as benevolence and more especially so with those whose homes are the centre and the source of the greatest happiness they enjoy for	41
it is perhaps the only disadvantage accompanying an excess of this home feeling that the more perfect is the satisfaction with which we gather into the domestic circle the less we feel that a stranger should with its joys thus we sometimes find a sort of household and a too great of domestic satisfaction prevailing almost to the extent of selfishness where such feelings are indulged without the restraint of judgment or of principle to persons with this home their own houses their own grounds their own habits and their own modes of thinking and living are always the very best imaginable and such as bear no comparison with those of any other family so much is this the case that they seem almost to be a law unto themselves while above every thing they reject the idea of being improved by the views and the of others it is needless to say that such persons have little weight to throw into the scale of social influence either on the side of good or evil for the they exhibit to the world effectually prevent their doing any considerable amount of harm beyond what is negative but there are degrees of this evil against which we may not all be sufficiently on our guard because we may be it for good yet when it stands in the way of our the duty of hospitality we d a k ourselves seriously whether that home which ought to be the scene of our greatest earthly happiness is not in reality the temple of our worship a higher cultivation of the feelings of kindness and benevolence towards others a deeper sympathy for their trials and sufferings a more earnest solicitude for their welfare and a greater desire to impart the blessings we enjoy would i am persuaded tend very much to reconcile us to any temporary interruption of our domestic which might be occasioned by the presence of a stranger even should his habits and modes of thinking be the most to our own and if any thing could be done by this means to improve the minds and morals of that important class of society who will constitute the next generation of men of business men who will give the weight of extensive influence either to the side of good or evil that strong feeling of household which is but a refined and extended selfishness ought certainly in some measure to give way we complain of the habits of young men and with some cause yet when we recollect of what materials human nature is composed and compare these with the situation of young men generally but more especially when we think of the thousand inviting avenues to sin which are opened to their choice the cordiality with which they are met by evil associates and invited to every of vice and when we compare this with the very little cordiality they meet with on the opposite side the scanty the cold notice and the treatment equally distant and we surely must expect them to be more than human wholly to withstand the one and to bind themselves over with lasting and warm attachment to the other young men too are often of their own attractions in polished society and sometimes not without considerable reason more especially when they find themselves treated in respectable company with every demonstration of contempt here then we must also remember that vice is not delicate in her distinctions in her wide halls of the ignorant the mean and the find a welcome she them not for want of polished manners she neither personal inferiority nor attire all all are welcome from the raw to the stranger who find not in the wide world another or a safer home in contemplating this view of the subject i have often thought what an amount of good might be effected if a little more attraction were held out by christians in general towards persons of this class we ought seriously to question too whether we are really doing them justice whether we are not resting too well satisfied in merely urging upon them the necessity of attention to worship when a few more into christian families might possibly do more for their real good than many sermons without in the real comforts of any respectable home nor is it the mere invitation of such persons at stated times which can effect the good so much required the mere of a dinner or the mere permission to come on sundays and be present during the hours of family devotion good as this unquestionably is there is something else required and this something should be supplied by the mistress of the house for i repeat that to woman all the common of kindness are so easy and familiar as to leave her little excuse for the claims of hospitality which constitute so essential a part of social duty there is much kind feeling conveyed even by so slight an act as a cordial shake of the hand but especially by those apparently slight observations upon personal affairs which an interest in the situation and circumstances of a guest and which often lead to a freedom of communication which as a means of influence may be turned to the happiest account in all associations in which the feelings and affections are concerned it must never be forgotten that the manner in which an act of benevolence is done is often of far greater importance than the act itself that it is possible to be kind in an unkind manner to social influence ill give a great deal away and yet be most this truth we have many of us at ome time or other of our lives had to feel perhaps too keenly for our peace yet it is possible the thought of what such kindness cost us may prove a wholesome one in its effect upon our own	41
conduct towards others by teaching us how to soothe where through ignorance we might have wounded how to attract where we might have and consequently how to do good where we might have done evil but it is useless to think of the manner until we have seen the act itself to be a duty and i would here appeal to the wives of england as they value the good of their country and the good of their sons and brothers as they value youth in general and regard it as the season for remembering our creator and the of all our blessings as they would cherish its hopes strengthen its high and lay an foundation of good where evil must otherwise enter and occupy the vacant room as they value all these considerations i would urge them not to confine their social kindness merely to those who can them after their own manner but to extend it to those who though comparatively strangers share in the affections and the feelings of a common nature and who are now the formation of their characters for time and for eternity not following lower things was a noble motto adopted by a noble queen when she chose as of the course she intended to pursue a turning to the sun although nothing could be more at with the duties of a wife and especially one of that class of society to which this work more especially applies than to be after any selfish or personal as regards mere things there is an ambition if i may call it such which ought to fill the heart and rouse the energies of every christian woman who stands at the head of a household whatever of sister of francis i and queen of her position may be with regard to outward circumstances i refer to that after higher and things which lifts the soul out of its anxieties and worldly cares and its hopes towards the world which is eternal it is not consistent with the aim of the writer in such a work as this to enter fully upon the subject of that change of heart which alone can for forming any just or proper estimate of what belongs to a preparation for the heavenly state had such been my intention i would not have left the consideration of so momentous and sublime a theme to the last few pages of this work but leaving this subject in its and its depth its absorbing interests and its solemn truths to writers of a higher and a character i would still indulge a hope that what has here been said may in some degree assist towards a more full and satisfactory of the christian character for even where religion is felt and owned to be the one thing needful and where it is adopted as the principle and the rule of life those familiar which occupy the attention of every day are not always conducted in the spirit which ought to the christian s life some good persons on these points from ignorance some from want of thought and many from not regarding them as essential to religion and thus the standard of excellence is lowered and we come to be satisfied with inferior things it would as ill become me as it would be contrary to my feelings to speak in an unkind or spirit of those who with good intentions and while making great fall short in little things but i am convinced that along with this deficiency there is to a certain extent a tendency to aim at what is low sufficient of itself to prevent the of what is great the more our influence the less this tendency is seen and felt but when we take the direction of a household and consequently have much to do with the formation of the characters around us this the wives op england to tells to an amazing and extent it is far from my wish to write on this subject as one who has neither knowledge nor feeling of what wives in general have to struggle with in the way of or degrading circumstances i know that the occupations of a household by reminding us perpetually of what is material have a strong tendency to occupy the mind with that alone i know that under wasted health or weariness or disappointment to be urged to struggle after what is high sounds like a mockery to the human heart and i know too that there are trials in the lot of woman almost sufficient of themselves to the very life within her soul and to there the power to hope for any thing before the grave i know that the spirit may be harassed wounded broken but i am yet to learn that under any circumstances we are justified in giving all things up i should rather reason thus that having after excellence in every department we have so multiplied our resources that something always must be left so that if nothing in the shape of positive happiness could ever reach us more we should still be capable of adding to the happiness of others but the most powerful and widely prevailing cause of that moral and intellectual degradation that downward tendency of the mind and that of the spirit among material things which is so much to be lamented over in the wives of the present day arises clearly and unquestionably out of the false estimate so universally formed of what is most to be desired nay of what is absolutely essential to existence it is this vain and fruitless ambition with regard to worldly things in which we are all more or less engaged that wears down our energies and out our hopes it is the disappointment the perplexity the of this long struggle which leaves us so and worn it is	41
the of our success when the highest worldly wish has been attained which makes us in the midst of all our possessions so miserably poor it is difficult to speak strongly on these subjects yet with that kindness and respect which i feel that my deserve and deserve especially from me but when i assert again that it is not intention which u in fault so much as a certain set of mistakes views which more or less affect us all i would fondly hope i might obtain their forgiveness for being more than commonly earnest in so important a cause in this hope i appeal to their own hearts whether the daily conflict they are many of them enduring is not in reality after that which in the using whether it ever brings them a reward at all with what it costs and whether it is not in itself a weariness to the very soul i appeal to society at large whether the importance we many of us attach to appearing well before the world in other words to dressing and living in a certain style has not irritated more destroyed more peace occasioned more broken more spirits crossed more jove more improvement and caused more spiritual than any other single cause which could be named and what has it done to throw into the opposite scale encouraged one kind of to the disadvantage of another changed oar fashions excited our vanity furnished our houses our persons and what then sent us forth into society envied and one another and wherever we might go low thoughts allusions and feelings all arising out of the very and competition of which this fruitless ambition was the source let us look at one channel only among the many thousands through which it to the destruction of human happiness and the of natural ties it is no poet s fable and i speak it reverently believing what i speak when i say that the love which grows up between two young people who expect to spend their lives together is of every earthly feeling that which most to us all i which is most excellent in itself most social influence fill in the creation and most beneficent in the of an all wise and eternal god who then would this feeling or lower its exercise or make it a mere slave to wait upon the customs of the world the voice of humanity against so base so foolish a of our nature youth against it as well it may society the world the world no that can never be it is the world whose voice demands this sacrifice the world before whose artificial glare the star of love must hide its purer ray it is because the world is the great altar upon which the hearts of multitudes are laid that the shrine of domestic happiness so often is by broken vows vows broken in the spirit and therefore the mere of a love without its sweetness or its life it is because the spirit of the world demands that we should love and serve the of that hearts are bought and sold and youth is wedded to old age and every mockery of feeling which imagination can conceive is under the grave name of prudence i have myself prudence and i have urged the necessity of waiting for what are considered as sufficient means yet this has been chiefly in with the universal system we acknowledge of regarding lower things i did not and i never shall believe the system is a right one in itself but until our views are more enlightened and our principles are strong enough to support us in the effort it would be worse than folly to advise mat individuals here and there should the bounds of prudence as they are now laid down not knowing what they did the new order of things which i would advocate must be a general one brought about by views and feelings and there will then be no world to fear for we shall constitute ourselves a world in which lower things will no longer i be regarded except as such a world in which the warmest feelings of the heart will no longer be considered as bearing any comparison in value with the cold of artificial life a world in which what we wear and what we use shall no longer be esteemed as more important than what we do a world in which people shall be judged of by what they are and not by what they possess a world in which what is costly and brilliant in ornament shall give place to that which is excellent in character and sterling in value and when shall this bright epoch arrive this dawning of better hopes this day of promise for our country and our homes it will arrive when the wives of england shall hold themselves above their circumstances and that most highly which is really high shall understand how principle is the basis of all good and having subjected these principles to the word of god and tried them by the only test which is safe and true they may then adorn the by all which the purest taste and the most feeling can suggest in the motto of one of the most amiable and accomplished of female sovereigns we must not forget that hers was the pursuit of excellence of almost every kind in her studies her and in all those graces of mind and person which adorn a court nor do i see why the raising of our highest admiration to that which is highest in itself should in any respect interfere with our desire after excellence in general it is a melancholy thought when marriage has united the destiny of two human beings for this life at least that one of them should grow	41
indifferent to those qualities of mind and person which formed the chief attraction to the other it is a melancholy thought that when a wife has taken upon herself the duties which belong to the mistress of a family she should be willing to lose those charms which constitute the loveliness of woman it is a melancholy thought that because she has become a useful she must cease to be an intellectual being but it cannot it must not be the very thought is one of treason against the love and the happiness of married life for what is there among all the era the wives op england of female character which this love cannot appropriate and this happiness and improve in no other situation in life can woman find so appropriate a sphere for the exercise of every grace and the display of every charm as in the centre of her home yet here how often do we find that she all the poetry of her mind to be extinguished and after that the beautiful too often away life may remain the same to her in all its realities but as the sunshine passes from the landscape so the light which gives freshness and to every object is gone forever it is said she has actual and pressing cares which her attention to the of other and especially of higher thoughts but here again is her mistake it is not in woman s nature to be degraded or brought down by care provided only the objects of her solicitude are worthy in themselves or such as call forth feelings worthy of being indulged the care the love the brooding tenderness of a fond mother or a faithful wife when i would ask was woman found the worse for these no it is the element in which she lives to care for those she loves it is in this element that all her virtues rise and shine while her whole character a higher and more spiritual excellence we talk of altered circumstances and personal but we the true heart of woman when we think it cannot stand the shock of such extremes as these no these are not the foes she fears and it is an insult to her understanding when society her that she does fear them within her heart of hearts she has a nobler conviction that her husband s happiness and her own integrity and truth are more to her than all the riches in the world why then with these convictions and with that strong which her of rising above the tide of circumstance and living apart from worldly things in the higher world of her affections why will woman stoop to be the slave of habit of custom and most of all of fashion until her vanity and self indulgence become the of man s existence and her own and is it well that men whose daily necessarily call into service as one of their great principles of action a worldly and a selfish spirit is it right that they should be urged nay on in the perpetual race of personal and family by those who profess to love them and who consequently ought to seek their ultimate and real good may we not rather leave to them the whole of these worldly matters it is their business and their duty to find a place among their fellow men to establish a footing in society and to maintain it by all just and honorable means this is no care of woman s her appropriate part is to adorn that station wherever it may be by a contented mind an enlightened intellect a spirit and an life i have dwelt much upon the influence of woman in social and domestic life and in her married state she will find that influence extending almost on every hand what then will be her situation without the aid of personal religion to give a right direction to its operations upon other minds but what will be her situation altogether without this aid the thought is too appalling a boat sent out to sail alone at midnight on the sea might bear some comparison to the situation of a solitary being trusting herself upon the world s great ocean without this guide but a richly vessel crowded with human beings and bearing in its bosom the interests of as many souls yet venturing out to sea without a pilot without a compass without any hope or means of safety might with more justice be compared to the woman who should dare to engage in the deep of married life without religion to direct her course whatever difficulties be thus encountered she cannot meet them alone whatever dangers others are drawn in to share them with her whatever storms she them only at the peril of the precious lives committed to her trust whatever social influence rock she strikes upon it not her alone but all all the rich treasury of hopes and interests which she bore along with her in that course and for all these she is i repeat the thought is too appalling let us turn to scenes of more familiar occurrence where there is more satisfaction because there is more hope there is a large class of persons who without having given up their hearts entirely to the influence of personal religion are wishing that they could do so and intending some time or other that they will on all solemn occasions they feel as if they actually would and never more so perhaps than when they enter upon the duties of married life to woman this is so great and important a change that it naturally produces if any thing can trains of reflection highly favorable to an altered and improved state of mind altogether and if she has ever seriously thought of religion she does so then	41
n the clerk s office df the district court of southern district of the state of new l l am r i i ann su by st t advertisement we are not aware that any complete manual of domestic calculated from its in price to the economical system of the day for an circulation has until now been offered to the public the it work therefore a and we are confident that it will be found the most compact full and satisfactory hand book of that has yet appeared the fashions of the like those of dress are subject to changes it has been the endeavor of the not to be behind the age in this respect and her work embraces all the most modem improvements in the various branches of the art she respectfully it to the of the united states in the fuu belief that they find it all that they could desire a practical work perfect in all its and yet free bom and unnecessary tions contents general division i a i game lie i b si c i i i modes of i es be other warm cakes a to to cheese i and i the sick hints tea of woman ol of the volume and measures of time in and rules soup mock soup england soup soup a la soup v soup and meat c page and salmon to boil and roast to and other fish modes of salt and fresh fish cakes r to boiled and striped and sea bass black fish how to choose a and how to keep ana to dress cold v n n n w ft l s meat etc general remarks frozen meat best beef quarters of a calf quarters of a sheep up pork keeping roast beef to beef beef pie beef beef roast boiled roast of how to roast sweet mutton and lamb roast and boiled mutton to mutton mutton pork roast pork pig virginia method of caring to roast a t ft n ft ff ft tf v ft so ft ft ft t tf ft t ft ft ft ft it ft ft tf ft n for to poultry game etc rules and remarks on poultry i chickens boiled chickens chickens chicken pie chicken s y n f n ff n n ft ft ducks backs goose pie how to roast one boiled turkey proper for boiled and roast pigeon pie how to roast c reed birds or a ce etc various brown without meat for fish or turkey for a fowl for fish apple how to melt egg balls ft ft tf ft tf ft ft ft ff n ti contents te potatoes how to boil potatoes mode of potatoes a la d to dress peas string sweet com modes of egg plant purple egg plant best or plant beans beans or inter how to choose how to tc southern method of boiling rice ft dressed sweet page i j i ti ij w n v u ji ft t t jt tt modes of to boil eggs to eggs eggs and bread scrambled eggs general rules to to green tt tt tt tt page i it j etc general remarks to sugar to preserve water and apples apples apple apples to preserve to preserve brandy c to preserve baked red fool and jam fruit black how to preserve and whole jam apple black butter n ti tr tt ft n tt tt tr tt ft tt tt tt n n v pie crust puff s pie pie pie pie plain pie apple plain rice rice milk meat for t tt tt ti tt i t n vii page e bird s nest arrow root orange baked bread plain apple cream apple plain rice or apple trifle a floating island rice snow cream cream orange cream feet or whipped cream apple ice pine apple ice cream hasty or apple ham liver whole rice in a shape dutch cakes etc cakes cake or new england wedding cake scotch do do new year s cup cakes sugar do queen do do honey do bride s do do a w n p if cakes cream do superior do a a nuts kisses bread cake do do bread do cakes for breakfast o milk toast tea and a e coffee another mode of making do still another shells tea common beer beer beer quickly made wine to make butter to cure butter in best manner to make cheese to make cheese bread aud tea t preparations for sick mi it n bread bread brown or and indian to make bread without common chicken bread contents arrow root oi feet seed water ground b ice milk beef tea mutton vegetable soup wine toast water rice water candle wine bread soup wine v ft f t to clean plate to prevent ill effects of to keep and i caution relative to brass c ink for marking t black ball r for months of bottles do do to of lip cold cream to prevent crust on tea kettle remove from to extract paint to remove feathers art of carving how and where to keep things washing washing white cotton washing cleaning silk goods to beds and to and plates to temper ware to restore rusty italian to temper iron ware to remove from to destroy common to black green and blue yellow red do slate colored do	41
to set colors soap to make soap or soap soap from scraps soap hard do and do do i v iy it y j icy steps flowers to clean marble fire places to clean for carpets o preserve cheese to pot vegetables through winter to preserve fruit through winter fire and water proof to take wax out of cloth to render shoes water proof stove polish to clean walls teeth of lime frames in winter pearls to preserve green do do candles cream butter to prevent s water to make to clean paint spots from for burns and cuts nail and ear ache tooth ache of to clean marble to make to prevent lamps smoking to destroy i j y tt tt a it u housekeeping made easy a word to it is not beneath the dignity of any woman be her what they may to herself with all the necessary arrangements of a household for it cannot be beneath her dignity to any thing which to the comfort and happiness of those around her home is the especial province of woman and it should be her delight to feel that she has the power of to the wants and pleasures of her circle there may be occupations more to her taste than the management of a household but if she system her time and what she is about she may almost always find leisure to herself as well as others the trouble of her kitchen is comparatively small when she once thoroughly understands what is to be done that she may comprehend this and always have a guide at hand the present volume has been carefully prepared it is designed for the use of very young as well as for that of the more experienced by its aid the head of every family will find the situation she rendered easy and agreeable and should her education be deficient on household subjects with the assistance of the and directions which been collected in this work the may be readily re in the preparation of those economy has been strictly regarded it requires some skill to know how to live well with small means and but little less to know how to live well at all of both of these many females in our enlightened country are ignorant we have called this a deficiency in and we consider it almost as great a one as if they had not been taught to write or to read with it is tlie earnest desire of the author of this book that it may prove especially of to the class of just mentioned a ni and it is necessary family to be with a pair of it is also for them to have wooden measures of liquid two are half a pint two one four one of is a quarter of a one half a one four half a eight one about drops of any thin liquid will fill a sized tea four table or half a will fill a common four wine glasses will fill a half pint or common or a large coffee cup ten h one pound before they are broken a table of salt ia generally about one a few hints on the of time in a leg of will require two hours and a half a or saddle of or two hours and a half a shoulder of bs one hour and a half a of hour and three quarters a neck and breast about the same beef the ot from three hours and to four hours ribs of beef from lo will take o three hours and a half a from to take from four to five hours at a good fire a upon the average will take three hours a from hours to and a half a neck two a breast from an hour and half to two v it hind quarter of bs will take from an hour and three quarters to two hours fore quarter of about two hours leg of bs from an hour and a quarter to an hour and shoulder or breast with a quick fire an hour pork a leg of bs will require about three hours an hour and a half a spare of or bs will take from two hours and a half to three hours to roast it thoroughly a bald spare of an hour and a quarter a of if ver fat from two hours to two hours and a half a of three weeks old about an hour and a half poultry a v ry large turkey will require about three hours one of two hours a small one an hour and a half a full grown fowl an hour and a quarter a moderate me an hour a from half an hour to forty minutes a goose full grown from an hour and a half to two hours a green goose forty minutes a duck full size from thirty to fifty minutes a buck which from to bs will take about four hours and a half one from to bs will take three hours and a quarter up soft water in making soup a httle less than a t water is sufficient for a pound of meat made of fresh are best but tolerably soup may be made of the of cold meat especially if it contains many bones soup may be kept two or days and the fat should always be from soup the should be of salt with a little if it is liked soup is more wholesome w the latter soup generally be boiled several hours when the dinner is too late all day is not too long for it to over the fire b ef or mutton soup boil very gently in	41
a closely covered four of water with two table of bread three pounds of beef cut in small pieces or the same quantity of mutton taken from the middle of the neck season with and salt add two two two and one head of all cut small let it t w h these four hours when it will be ready to serve a mock oh calf s boil the head t tender then take it out strain the and set ij until the next day then off the cut up the meat together with the lights and put it into the liquor put it on the fire and season it with salt and add and sweet if you like it for half an hour just before you take it up add half a pint of white wine for the balls chop lean fine with a little salt pork add the brains and season it with salt i sweet or powder make it up into balls about the size of half an part in the soup and the and put them in a dish by soup make your stock of liquor to the quantity of two with any sort of fish the place affords put one pint of into a strain the liquor them five minutes in their own liquor then pound the hard parts of the in a with the of three hard eggs mix them with some of the soup then lay them with the remainder of the and liquor in a with and salt let them boil a quarter of an hour when they will be done new england have a good or any other solid fish cut it in pieces three inches square put a pound of fat salt pork in into the pot set it on hot coals and out the oil take out the pork and put in a of fish over that a of in then a with slips of fat salt pork then another of and so on alternately until your fish is consumed mix some flour with as much water as will fill the pot season with black and salt to your taste and boil it for half an hour have ready some soaked in water till they are a little softened throw them into your five minutes before you take it up serve in a having put your into a pot of boiling water to make open easily take them from the shells carefully saving the liquor to the liquor of a of opened allow of water mix the with the liquor of the and put it into a large pot with a of the bone of which should be in four places when it has slowly for four hours put in a e bunch of sweet a beaten a tea of and a table of whole but no salt as the salt of the liquor will be sufficient it slowly an hour longer and then strain it when you have returned the liquor to the pot add a quarter of a pound of butter divided into four bits i and each bit rolled in then put in the cut them in pieces and let it boil fifteen minutes send it to table with bread in it cut into soup wash scrape and cut small the red part of three large three heads of four large and two large put them into a with a table of butter and half a pound of lean new ham let them very gently for an hour then add three of brown soup and some whole black with eight or ten ripe let it boil an hour and a half and it through a serve it with bread cut in the day before it is required make four of good stock and boil in it one one four one or two roots three blades of salt and some white strain it and before take off all the fat boil in some of the liquor the of three french rolls till soft enough to smooth boil the soup and stir well in the rolls boil it for a quarter of an hour and before serving add the of two eggs beaten with three of cream boil in water two or three of for or twenty strain and put it into the and pour the soup upon it soup make a good stock with a of a little sweet some salt white three blades of and two or three strain and boil iu break in small bits a of a pound of and gently it in milk and water till it be swelled and is tender strain it and add it to the soup which with two of flour mixed in half a pint of cream and stirred gradually into the soup boil it a few minutes before soup if you make your soup of dry peas them over ni ht in a warm place using a of water to each of the peas early the next morning boil them an hour boil with them a tea of eight or ten minutes then take them out of the water they were in put them into fresh water with a pound of salt pork and boil it till the peas are which will be in the course of three or four hours peas for soup require no and boiling only long enough to have the pork get thoroughly cooked which will be in the course of an hour soup a la j or vegetable make a soup and strain it before you put in the v cut some and into and some and into or long boil them the vegetables are boiled put them with the soup into the and then lay gently on the top small of bread taking care that they do not down and disturb the brightness of the which should be	41
of a dear color rice ami t put a of rice and a little and two of water cover close and very pat in a little two of good ds cheek and boil the till the goodness is by the liquor fish all fish should be and well cooked nothing can be and more than not sufficiently cooked fresh when boiled should be placed in cold and in boiling water to keep after washing them lay them in a tub in a cool cellar with the deep part of the shell them with salt and indian meal then fill ihe tub with cold water the water every day and the will keep fresh a fish should be with or the only vegetable served with fish is potatoes is customary to eat fish at the commencement of the fish and soup are generally served up alone tha soup before any of the other dishes appear to boil sea bass scale and clean the fish handling it as little as possible and cutting it o en no more than is absolutely necessary place it on the of a large fish kettle and fill it up with cold water throw in a han ul of salt let it boil slowly the length o time depends on the size and weight of the fish vou may allow a quarter of an hour to each pound but experience alone can determine the exact lime it must however be lone as nothing is more disgusting than that is you may try it with a fork it well or the color will be had the it is completely boiled lift up lie and test it across the top of the kettle that the fish may drain and then if you cannot send it to table immediately cover it with a so to keep it by absorbing moisture send it to table on a hot with scraped and curled take what is left of tne salmon after dinner and put it into a deep dish with a close cover having saved some of the water in which the fish was boiled take a of it and season it with half an of whole and half an of whole half a pint of the best vine and a tea of salt sou it and when cold pour it over the fish and cover it closely in a place and on ice it will keep a day or two and may be eaten at breakfast or supper if much of the salmon has been left you must proportion a larger quantity of the boiled fish having cleaned the rock fish put it into a fish kettle with water enough to cover it well having first dissolved a handful of salt in the water set it over a moderate fire and do not let it boil too fast it well when done drain it and put it on a large dish with of hard boiled eggs for cut the salmon into pieces boil it as for eat ing and lay it on a dry cloth till the following day boil two of good with one of the liquor the fish was boiled in one of whole black half an of and four blades of put the salmon into something deep and pour over it the prepared when a little sweet oil put upon the top will make it keep a to cut thick and having them place each in half a of white paper well observing to twist the ends of it then y pi over a slow fire for about eight minutes serve them up in the paper with or cleaned a well boil it in as liquor as will just cover it add two or three bits of some whole a stick of and a pint of to every half of water when done the dish with and and serve it up with melted butter with dissolved in it or with and with the of a in the butter and a little to roast place it on a lark spit which fasten on a large spit it with butter and serve with a good and some to wa li aad scale them then dry them and lay them on a them at the same time with some flour them finely brown with fresh dripping serve with and melted butter when should be dipped into egg aad of bread which materially heir appearance at table select the small for and place them in a small quantity of water aad when done with and butter h id good boiled or made into a it is too dry a fish to l salt should be soaked in water till the skin will come off easily then take up the fish scrape off the skin and put it in fresh water and set it on a very moderate fire where it will keep warm without boiling as it by boiling it takes between three and four to cook it soft serve it up with drawn butter fish cakes cold boiled fresh fish or salt is nice fine with potatoes with a little water and a little butter put m done up into cakes of the size of common and brown in pork fat or butter to a split and wash it and afterwards dry it in a cloth season it with salt and have ready a bed of i clear bright coals your well and as soon as it is hot lay the upon it and it for about a quarter of an hour or more according to the thickness butter it well and send it to table you may serve with it melted butter in a boat or you may cut it into three pieces and it j wit ut it will then of course require a time if done in this manner send it to table with melted ter poured over	41
them constantly till they are done enough throw a salt over them a little taking them off the fire serve them as as possible plain or with a made and or rub a bit of butter the the moment of serving the tender is the best piece for beef take some fine beat them with a rolling pin then them with and salt a to taste make a good lay in your fill your dish then in as water as will fill the dish put oa the crust and it well tie tip a of beef so as to keen it in shape make a of bread sweet quarter of an of a few of an egg cut holes in the and put ia the leaving about half the to be made balls tie the beef up in a cloth just cover it with water let it boil an hour and a half then turn it and let it boil an hour and a half more then turn out the liquor and put some across the bottom of the pot and y the beef upon ii to brown turn it that it may brown both sides put a pint of and some and into the liquor and boil some balls made of the stuff the best parts for this purpose are the leg or or a piece of the middle of a of beef of about seven or eight weight lay it on a fish or when you lake it up put a under it which will enable you to place it on the dish entire pat it into a or deep with cold water enough to cover it and a over set it en a quick file to get the up which remove as it rises then put in two two two or two large two heads of two or three of and sweet set the pot by the side fire to very gently till the meat is just tender to eat this will require about four or five put a large a a large and a head or two of into the soup whole take them out as soon as they are done enough lay on a dish till they are cold then cut them into sm l squares when the beef is done take it out carefully strain the soup through a hair into a clean take off the fat and put the vegetables that are cut h to the soup the flavor of which you may by adding a table of after being should be soaked in salt and w ter seven or eight days changing the water every other day then boil it till tender which will take eight or ten hours it is then fit for or it is in the same manner as tongue c neat s tongue should be boiled full three hours if it has been in salt long it is well to it over night in cold water put it to boil when the water is cold if you boil it in a small pot it is well to change the water when it has boiled an hour and a half the water should boil before the cooked tongue is put in again it is for being kept in a cool place a day or two after being boiled nearly the same rules apply to salt beef a six pound piece of beef should boil full three hours and salt beef should be boiled four hours to roast a breast of will require about three hours and a half in preparing it for the spit cover it with the and the to the back off the v the meat is nearly done the breast being comparatively tough and coarse is less esteemed than the and should boil about an hour if a neck piece if the meat comes from a thicker more solid part it should boil longer both mutton and are better for being boiled with a small piece of salt pork is very good a very nice way to cook is to make a with half a pint of milk an egg beaten to a and flour enough to render it thick when the is brown dip it into the then put it back into the fat and it until brown again if you have any left it is nice dropped by the large into the fat and till brown then laid over the the and turn it over the whole it to cook dish if the meat is tough it will be better to it half an hour before it to roast a of it should be stuffed with the following ts finely with bread to which add two eggs and four of lay this in the and if any remain in such holes as you think proper made in the part serve with melted and with the some under done with a little one or two sage leaves a very little season with and salt add some lean ham or tongue it with some good heat it up and put it into the to sweet take four fine sweet and having trimmed them nicely them and then lay them in a pan of cold water till they become cool afterwards dry them m a cloth put some butter in a pan set it on hot coals and melt and it when it is quite clear take it off have ready some beaten eggs in one dish and some bread in another each sweet bread and them on a spit then them all over with egg and them with bread spread on some of the butter and then another coat of roast them be fore a clear fire at least a quarter of an hour have ready some nice with and pour it round the before you send them to mutton and lamb c mutton or lamb	41
the the and the saddle must have the skin raised and on and when nearly done take off this skin and and flour to it up six or seven pounds of mutton will roast in an hour and a half lamb one in regard to boiling mutton enough for a of five or six should boil an hour and a half a les of lamb should an hour or little more than an hour perhaps put a little into boiling water strain it nicely and put sweet butter in it for if your family like throw in some clear rice when you put in the meat the rice i ould be in proportion to the quantity of you mean to make a large table is enough for three of water with a very little and salt summer or sage rubbed through a in m t r when for u long aa ii will keep the mutton for boiling ought not to hang as it will prevent looking of a good color to take a of mutton it make a rich with part of the water the meat has be n boiled in take lay the meat into a pan pour the over it and then lay the vegetables put it a and set it in the oven fur two hours motion take or from a of cut off the close to the meal and part of the fat beat them to make them and season with and salt make hot over a bed of clear coals tub the bars with and on the turn them and if the fat that falls from them causes a blaze and smoke remove the for a moment till it is over when done put them into a warm and them pore fresh pork should be cooked more than any other meat to pore lay it at some distance firom the fire and flour it well when the flour wipe the pork clean with a coarse cloth then cut the skin in rows with a sharp your meat close to the fire and roast it as quick as possible with butter and a little dry sage some persons add finely boasted to roast is best from three to four weeks old prepare a with of and led well with sage and with and salt laying five or six one upon another and put them the inside of the pig it well to prevent it from falling out and then spit it previously rubbing it over with sweet oil put it down before a moderate to roast for two hours more or less according to its size when thoroughly take off the head and the straight down the back then dish up the two and the head lay half at each end oi the dish pour some good strong under it and serve hot some persons prefer to have the pig baked instead of it is equally good either way to a it according to its age for or twenty four hours put it into b of cold and if a small one let it for two or three hours and then an and a half let it stand in the liquor until perfectly cold then take off the skin the method of which is considered very superior is to two of two of in a salt as strong as possible for every sixteen pounds of ham add in the proportion of i to a of water then put in the and let remain three or four weeks then take them out of the j and smoke them with the downward to preserve the they will smoke tolerably well in the course of a month but they will be much better to remain in the two or three months cured in this are well and will keep a long time take pig s ears and feet clean them thoroughly then them in salt and water for several days boil them tender and split them they are then good if you wish to them when cold turn boiling on them and improve the taste but it turns them a dark color add a little salt they will keep good five or six weeks them in chop fresh pork very fine the lean and fat together then fill the skins which should be previously cleaned thoroughly a little flour mixed in with the meat to prevent the from running out when cooked meat is good done up in small cakes and in summer when fresh pork cannot be procured very ood cakes may be made of raw beef fine with salt pork and with and sage when are they should not be pricked and they will cook to have a little fat put in the pan with them they should be cooked slowly if you do not like them very fat take them out of the pan when nearly done and finish cooking them on a are made of equal ht each of ham and pork very fine nigh and boiled in car sings till tender then dried to roast take a and spit it butter four sheets of paper and put two on the then make a with flour butter and water roll it out half as big as the and put it over the fat part then put the other two sheets of paper on and tie them with pack thread lay it to a brisk fire and it well all the time of it a large of it will take and a half except it is a yery large fire then three hours will do smaller in proportion take either of these for warmed or half a pint of red wine with a quarter of a of sugar over a clear fire for five or six minutes or half a pint of and a quarter of a pound of sugar to the that is left after may be	41
j and with when it makes an dish should be baked two hours or more according to the size of the pie i to th n take a couple of fine ones and cut them tip put them into a pan season with and salt some and some powdered pour in a pint of warm water and over a slow fire till the are quite tender adding when they are about half done some bits of butter rolled m flour put the pieces of rabbit on a hot dish and pour the may be with and serve with made of liver and in melted butter and salt may be or and are very good baked in a pie poultry si o grown poultry is not so good as the full vn when it is still young old poultry is tough especially to discover whether poultry is observe if the skin is thin and tender the moist and the eyes full and bright the bill and feet of a goose are smooth and of an old one they are red and hairy when poultry is eaten on the same day it is killed it is and often in drawing poultry the should not be broken or its bitterness affects the liver before picking poultry it should be in hot water before cooking it hold it before the blaze of a fire to the hairs about the skin the head neck and feet should be cut away and the legs in the body a string bound round the body keeps it firm ad hour is for common sized chickens to roast a smart fire is better than a slow one but they must be tended closely of bread and put into the stomach not the crop are excellent chickens boiled when they are di lay the chickens in milk for about two hours then put them cold water cover them close and set them oyer a slow fire and them well as soon as they have boiled slowly take them from the fire and let them in the water close covered for half an hour th i drain and serve with white take the skin off of it cut up a chicken and roll each piece in powder and flour together a of flour to half an of two or three in butter when of a light brown put in the meat and them together till the meat becomes brown then them together with a little water for two or hours more water may be added if too thick the chickens are cut to pieces and covered with warm water to draw out the blood then put into a with three quarters of a pint of water or salt flour butter sweet and boil it half an if it is too fat it a little just before it is done mix the of two eggs with a of cream stir it up till it is thick and smooth squeeze in half a if you like some with the other chicken pie cover the bottom and sides of a deep dish with a thick having cut up your chickens and them to your taste put them in and lay on the top several pieces of butter rolled in flour fill up the dish about with cold water then lay on the top of the crust and in a moderate oven chicken boil a chicken that not more than a pound and a half when very tender take it up cut it in small and make the following and turn over it boil four eggs three minutes then take them out of the shells and mix them with a couple of table of olive oil or melted butter two thirds of a of a of mixed a tea of salt a little and essence of if vou have it if not it can be with in making chicken the dressing should not be put on till a few minutes before the is sent in as by laying in it the and will become hard ss to a pair lie the bodies firmly round strings which should be wet or to keep them from and them on the before a clear brisk fire them t with a little salt and water and then witli their own them lightly with flour at the last they will generally be done in less than an hour after boiling the and hearts chop them and put them into the having it and it with a little flour back ducks generally be done enough in half send to table with them and have to place under the plates other wild and may be in about half an hour before cooking them all night in salt and to draw out whatever or taste they may happen to have and which may otherwise render them then early in the morning put them in fresh water without salt changing it several times before yon spit them what remains of a wild duck may be the nest day in with when it is excellent ducks may be and with a glass of port wine into the to roast a goose chop a few sage leaves and two very fine mix them with a good lump of butter a tea of and two of salt put it in the goose then spit it lay it down and dust it with flour it is thoroughly hot ba te it with nice if it be a one it wilt require an hour and a half before a good clear fire when it is done enough and it pull out the spit and pour in a little boiling water it may be with bread or potatoes and should be served with apple goose pie lone a goose season it well with and lay the meat in your dish and place on the top of it eight	41
of good fresh butler cover with a crust and j it in a oven there is no necessity for the goose a good sized turkey should be two hours and a hall or three hours very slowly at first if you wish to i make plain pound a or some bread very fine chop some raw sail pork very some sage summer or if you have them in the house and them and mould then with a little an egg worked i cut a turkey for should pe prepared in the as one for if you wish to have it look white tie it up in a cloth unless you boil rice in the pot if rice is used put in two thirds of a tea cup the moat approved fashion is to send boiled turkey to table with in their in a small may be either or is the best and the least trouble after they are thoroughly picked and cleaned put a of salt pork and a little ball of into the body of every pigeon the should be made of one egg to one an equal quantity of or butter with sweet or sage if cannot be procured flour the well lay them close together in the bottom of the pot just cover them with water throw in a bit of butter and let them an hour and a quarter if young an hour and three quarters if old some people turn off the liquor just before they are don and brown the on the bottom of the pot but this is very troublesome as they are apt to break to pieces are cooked in nearly the same way with the of the being dry meat they require a good deal of butter to roast put them a little spit and tie both close with butter they will be done in fifteen or twenty minutes in making a pigeon pie put inside of every bird a piece of butter and the of a hard boiled egg c to roast these birds put them on a little spit take a of bread and toast it brown then lay it in a dish under the birds them with a little butter and let the drop on the toast when they are put the toast in the dish the on it and have a quarter of a pint of pour it in a dish and set it over a lamp or for three minutes and send them to table say you should never take any thing out of a or the head of a is considered a great delicacy to roast and other small birds pick and draw them immediately after they are brought in if they are of a nature to be improved bv it them with small slips of the fat of bacon drawn through the flesh with a needle to roast reed or put into every bird an or a little butter mixed with some finely bread them with flour run a small through them tt etc ad tie them oa the spit them with or with fresh they be done in about tea minutes reed birds are very fine made into little with a thin crust of flour and butter and boiled about twenty minutes each must be tied in a separate doth coarse pieces of lean beef or with a little wa er make an excellent for poultry or game use the or should be rich but not greasy salt is the only that should be used without meat take of water and ale that is not bitter one pint each of and two table each two two some salt two or three blades of and some whole to the above add a quarter of a pound of butter with a small portion of flour having previously made it brown by stirring it till the sinks then boil the whole together for twenty minutes strain it and use it rich for fish or turkey three quarters of a pound of butter with a table of flour to which add a small of water and melt it to this you must add half a pint of thick cream one finely but not washed place the whole the fire and as it add two or three table of four it into the with the addition of salt and in making this great care is requisite to keep it stir ring as it will otherwise for a fowl the neck and with a small piece of in about a of water then take the liver of the fowl and it with some of the liquor melt a little good butter and mix the liver and the from the neck and gradually into it then give it a boil up and pour it into your fish for fish take a of and the same quantity of white wine liquor and boil these with two and when done strain them and pour them into the pie after it is baked is eaten with boiled mutton it is made m sa with the green seeds of simply in cold cut about six of butter into small bits and put them into a small mix with a wine glass of water sufficient flour to make a thick pour it on the butter and hold the over hot coals shaking it quickly round tiu the butter is melted let it just boil up and then take it from the fire it with the and send it to table in a boat set over the fire the liquor of the with the with a blade of and some when boiled strain the liquor and add the with some milk and butter rubbed in flour set the whole over the fire again till it observing to stir it all the time and then serve it beat the in a mortar with three pour	41
on three of good and strain the whole into melted butter then add the meat of the with a little and ve the whole one boil the and may be omitted if to procure them wash a of ripe and put them into a pan with about a wine glass full of water them slowly and stir them frequently particularly after they begin to burst they require a great deal of and should be like a when done just before you take them from the fire stir in a pound of brown sugar wash and bare a bunch of cut it into pieces and boil it gently until it is add half a pint of cream and a small piece of butter rolled in flour now boil it gently this is a good for fowls of all kinds either or boiled take a large bunch of young green if old the taste will be unpleasant wash it very clean pick all the leaves from the chop the leaves very fine and mix them with cold and a la e proportion of powdered sugar there must be merely sufficient to the well but by ne means enough to make the liquid clean half a pint of young take off the skin by rubbing them with salt lay them in a with a small quantity of salt half a pint of cream a little the whole with butter and floor let boil and to prevent they must be stirred till done the is excellent for fowls and apple core and six large apples then them thin and put them in a jar which place in a of water over a gentle fire when done them after which add butter and brown sugar this is excellent goose and roast pork to melt butter thick the om of your with water cut your butter into and lay it in the before the water you have put in becomes warm as the butter stir the pan one way and when it is melted let it boil up it will then be smooth thick and fine no flour must be used egg balls pound the of as many hard eggs as will be wanting in a marble mortar with a flour and salt add as much raw of egg as will make this up into balls and boil them before they are put into or any other preparation take that have been gathered pick them nicely and wipe them clean spread a of them at the bottom of a deep pan and then them well with salt then another of and another of salt and so on alternately throw a folded cloth over the jar and set it by the fire or in a very cool oven let it thus for twenty four hours and then them well with your hands next squeeze and them through a bag to every of strained liquor add an and a half of whole and boil it slowly in a covered vessel for half an hour then add a quarter of an of half an of a few and three or four blades of boil it with the fifteen minutes longer when it is done pour it carefully off from the and put it into small bottles filling them to the top secure them well with dipped in and leather caps tied over them the longer is boiled the better it will keep the bottles should be quite small as it soon spoils after being opened gather the on a dry day and when quite ripe feel them and cut them quarters put them into a large pan and and them till they are s lo a allowing half a pint of fine salt to a hundred put them into a preserving kettle and them gently with the salt for two hours stirring frequently to prevent their burning then strain them through a fine pressing them with the back of a silver spoon season them to your taste put the again over the fire with the and boil it slowly till very thick stirring it frequently when cold put it up in small bottles secure the well and it will keep good a year or two take six half of green put them into a tub mix them up well with common salt from two to three pounds let them stand for six days frequently beating and them by this time the shells become soft and then by it up on one side of the tub and at the same time by raising the tub on that side the liquor will drain clear ofi to the other then take that liquor out the and up may be repeated as often as liquor is found the quantity will be about six when done let it be in an iron as long as any arises then a quarter of a of a quarter of a pound of two of long two of with the above let it slowly boil for half an hour when boiled let an equal quantity of the go into each bottle when let the bottle be filled quite up cork them tight seal them over and put them into a cool and dry place for one year before they are used vegetables should be as fresh as it is practicable to get them wash them well and cook till perfectly tender nothing is more than vegetables which are undone potatoes to boil potatoes round a narrow strip in a ring before putting them into the pot to give them a chance to burst and become do not let them stop boiling for an instant and when they are done turn the water off completely and throw in a little salt which will the moisture remaining most potatoes will boil in the course of half an hour new ones take less time sweet potatoes are better baked	41
than boiled to make snow balls take boiled potatoes and press them tight in a strong doth into the shape of potatoes a la d hotel cold potatoes that hare been boiled should be used for this purpose lay than in a pan with sufficient milk or cream to them add a little butter salt and and them until the milk they will be sufficiently cooked in a quarter of an hour and make an excellent dish for breakfast should be boiled an hour should first b well examined lest insects be lurking in the folds to dress separate the green part and cut the flower close at the bottom the stalk let it an hour in clear cold water and then lay it in milk and w or water alone observing to it well when the flower or stalk feels tender it is done enough and should be instantly taken up drain it for a minute and serve it up in a dish by itself with plain melted butter in a pick it clean and wash it in five or six waters drain it and put it in boiling water ten minutes is generally sufficient time to be careful to remove the when it is quite tender take it up and drain and squeeze it well chop it fine and put it into a pan with a piece of butter and a little and salt set it on hot coals and let it five minutes stirring it all the time white require about as much boiling as potatoes when tender take them up and them season them with a little salt and butter yellow require about two hours boiling if very large split them in two the tops of white make a good should not be cut or scraped before they are boiled or the will nm out and make them in summer they will boil in an hour in winter it takes three hours to boil them tender the tops in summer are good boiled for boiled cut in and put in cold for several days are very nice and wash them and split them in two lay them in a pan with the flat side down turn on boiling water enough to cover them boil them till tender then take them up and take off the skin and butter them boil them whole but it is not a good plan as the outside gets done too much before the inside is cooked sufficiently cold boiled are good cut in and brown great attention is necessary to boil i ii must be carefully washed and cleaned the part must be cut away only enough to lake it up with the after the white part has been scraped cut all one length and tie them up in bundles them in boiling water with a little salt boil them briskly and they are done enough when tender dip a round of bread in the liquor and lay it in the dish then pour some melted butter over the toast and lay the on the toast entirely round the dish serve wilt melted butter in a peas should be boiled from twenty n according to their age string beans the same half an hour or three quarters according to age are much implored by cultivation sweet corn corn is much sweeter to be boiled on the if made into h cut it from the and boil it with beans and a few of salt pork it requires boiling from fifteen to thirty minutes according to its age it is a good plan to boil in milk and water it es the strong taste of that vegetable it is an excellent way of up to chop them after they arc boiled and put them in a with a little milk butter salt and and let them about fifteen minutes thia gives them a fine flavor and they can be served up very hot if very ripe will skin easily if not pour water on them and let them remain in it four or five feel and put them into a pan with a table of water if not very if so no water will be required put in a little salt and or half an hour then turn them into a deep dish with toast another way of cooking which is considered very nice by is to put them in a deep dish with fine bread fine a of each alternately put small bits of butter a little salt and on each some add little and sugar have a of bread on the top it three quarters of an hour take an equal quantity of young tender and ripe an cut into a lump of butler a little salt and put the whole in a pan with a table of water and it till tender do not your g if it is to be i es which is the most approved mode of cooking it it half an inch thick and lay the an hour or two in salt and water to remove their strong taste which to most persons is very unpleasant beat some of egg and in another dish grate a of bread have ready in a pan some and butter mixed and make it boil then dip each of egg plant first in the and then in the till both sides are well covered and them brown taking care to have them done all through as the least renders them the purple egg plants arc better than the white oe plant having scraped the roots and washed them in cold water them then take them out drain them cut them into large pieces and them in butter is frequently slowly tiu quite tender and then served up with melted butter or it may be first boiled then and made into cakes	41
to be in butter this plant is very good cut up and in a thin baked beans a of dried beans over night in cold water drain od the in the morning and for half an hour in a little water put in a deep dish with one pound of salt pork cut the in and place in the centre of the dish the pork should be a little below the surface of the beans for three hours and a half a lump of should be in while the are boiling and a pint of water be added when the are put into the pan beans should be gathered young shell them lay them in a pan of cold water and then boil two hours or till they are quite soft drain them well and add to them some butter or the green or summer is best when the outside is beginning to turn yellow as it is then less watery and than when wash them cut them into pieces and take out the seeds boil them about three quarters of an hour or till quite tender when done drain and squeeze them well till you have pressed out all the water them with a little butter and salt wi this is fit to eat in august and in a dry warm place ran be kept well all winter the color is a very yellow it take out the seeds cut it in pieces and it slowly till soft in a very water afterwards b and press it well it with a very little and salt the proper to be used in grow in the open pasture land for those that grow near or un der trees are poisonous the first appear very small and of a round form on a little stalk they rapidly and the upper part and stalk are white as they increase in size the under part gradually opens and shows a fringed fur of a very fine salmon color which continues more or less till the has gained some size and then turns to a dark brown these marks should be attended to and likewise whether the skin can be easily parted from the edge and middle and whether they have a pleasant smell those which are poisonous have a yellow skin and the under part has not the clear flesh color of the real besides which they smell rank and disagreeable and the fur is white or yellow in if you wish to have the full taste of the only after washing and them put them into a pan a little salt and no water set them on coals and them slowly till tender adding nothing to them but a little butter rolled in flour or else a little cream be sure to keep the pan well covered r and southern of boiling rice pick over the rice care fully it well in cold water till it is drain off the water then put it in a pot of boiling water with a little salt allow as much as a of water to a tea cup of rice as it the water very much while boiling boil it seventeen minutes then turn the off very close set the pot over a few coals and let it steam fifteen minutes with the lid of the pot off the beauty of the rice boiled in this way is that each stands out by itself while it is quite tender put apiece of butter half a pound of and a little salt into hot water boil them for three quarters of an hour and then take it out and drain it well put it into another with butter and cheese toss up the whole together adding two or three of cream and when done put it on a dish and serve it very hot two cm k a pint of milk with a bit of and a good bit of till the pipes are swelled to their utmost size breaking lay them on a dish and pour a over them hot serve cold wash the very clean through three or four then put it into a pot allowing two of water to one of and boil it slowly fire hours when done take it up and drain the liquid firom it through a put the into a deep dish and stir into it a small piece of fresh butter various of unless m is perfectly fresh it is unfit for any purpose you may try me freshness of eggs by putting them m a pan of cold water those that sink the are the eggs may be preserved a short time by putting them in a jar of s t or lime water with the small ends downwards the salt should not afterwards be they may be preserved several months by them all over with melted mutton and them close together in a box of the small end always downwards to boil eggs if you wish them quite soft put them into a pan of water that is boiling hard at the moment and let them remain in it three minutes in ten minutes fast boiling they will be hard enough for eggs the beauty of a egg is for the to be seen blushing through the white which should only be just sufficiently hardened to form a transparent veil for the have some boiling water m a tea kettle pass as much of it through a clean cloth as will half fill a pan break the egg into a cup and when the water remove the pan the stove and gently slip the egg into it it must stand till he white is set then put it over a very moderate fire and as soon as the water the egg is ready take it up with a and neatly round off the ragged edges of the	41
white send them up on bread on one side with or without butter eggs and bread put half a bread into a pan with a small quantity of cream salt and and let it stand till the bread has all the cream then break ten eggs into it and having beaten them up together it like an five or six eggs will make a ood sized break them into a basin and beat them well with a fork and add a salt of salt have some ready beat it well up with the e then take four of butter and break half of it into large bits and put it into the and the other half into a very clean pan when it is melted pour in the and stir it with a spoon till it begins to set then turn it up all round the edges and when it is of a nice brown it is done the safest way to take it out is to put a plate on the and turn the pan down serve it ml a hot dish it should never be done till just wanted e as beat seven or eight eggs quite light and throw them into a clean pan with a small quantity of butter some salt and stir them carefully until they are well and turn them out on a hot dish permitting any portion of them to to the this dish is excellent with a of toes of block tin or lined with are the best for iron the and the produced by the on brass copper or bell metal is extremely poisonous li after keeping the any time you any symptoms of their not keeping well boil them over in with fresh and the in which are kept should always be full enough of to cover the themselves for should only boil five or six minutes to take a of the small round ones are the best for and every one with a fork put them into a broad stone or vessel and salt between every of cover them and let them remain three days in the salt then put them into and water mix d in equal quantities half and half a d keep them in it twenty four hours to draw out the there must be sufficient of the liquid to cover the well to a of allow a of half ao s of and half an of with a thin pack the in a stone jar the and alternately of put them in till the jar is two thirds full then fill it up with strong cold and stop it closely the will be fit to eat in a fortnight gather those that are small and green and of a quick growth turn boiling water on them as soon as picked them remain in it four or five hours then put them in cold j with and salt in the proportion of a of the former and a tea cup of the latter to every of when you have done collecting the for turn the from the and it till clear then put in the let them without boiling for a few minutes then turn them while hot into the vessel you intend to keep them in a few improve the taste of the another method of which is good is to put them in salt and water as you pick changing the salt and water once in three or four days when you have done collecting your for take them out of the salt and water turn on hot with salt and in it should be picked for when they are green and hard they should be cut open after they have been in salt water ten days the inside scraped out clean and filled with seed small c and up again poured them to the bell is the best for and should be gathered when quite one side and carefully take out the core so as not to injure the of the then put them into boiling salt and water changing the water every day for one week and keeping them closely covered in a warm place near the fire stir them several times a day they will first become yellow and then green when they are a fine green put them into a jar and pour cold over them adding a small piece oi they require no and the nuts for should be gathered as early as july when n pin will go through them easily they are young enough to them in salt and water a then it off rub them with a cloth to got off the to a of put a tea up sa a table of powdered and mixed together half an of and boil the and and turn it while hot on to the nuts in the course of a week the and turn it back on them while hot they will be fit for use in the course of a fortnight bj have ready of cold aad put into it ripe ia they make a pretty for the edges of dishes and boil them in milk and water ten minutes to a of put half an of and a quarter of an of a small tea cup of salt and half an of heat the together with the hot and turn it on to the which should previously have the water and milk drained from them cover them tight till cold preserves c brass and metal k should never be used in the preparation of preserves iron ware lined with or tm is much and not subject to the which produce on the others it is bad economy to use too little sugar in the preservation of fruit when they once be in to spoil they can never again be rendered without sufficient sugar will	41
not conceal preserves to look clear and handsome should be made with loaf sugar small are to large ones in putting away preserves as frequent exposure to the air is apt to spoil the fruit after pouring the preserves into cut out several round pieces of paper exactly made to fit the mouth of the jar and after laying one or two of them over the fruit pour upon it a tea of good brandy then cover the jar closely with skin or some paper the former is and tie it down in a manner which will entirely the air if the preserves after being kept a short time the jar in which they are held should be placed in a kettle of water which may be permitted to boil from half to three quarters of an hour to sugar to every three pounds of loaf sugar allow the beaten white of one and a pint and a half of water break the sugar small put it into a nicely cleaned brass pan and pour the water over it let it stand sometime before it be put upon the fire then add the beaten of the eggs it till the sugar be entirely dissolved and when it up b pour in a of a pint of cold water let it boil op a time take it off the fire and let it settle for minutes carefully take off all the pat it on the fire and boil it till thick or if required till high ia order certain drop a little from a spoon into a small jar of cold water and if it become quite hard it is then sufficiently done to preserve water off the green skin cut the into pieces weigh the pieces and to each pound a pound and a half of loaf sugar line your kettle with green vine leaves and put in the pieces without the sugar a of vine leaves must cover each of pour in water to cover the whole and place a thick cloth over the kettle the fruit for two hours scattering a few bits of amongst it the on a dish to cool melt the sugar using a pint of water to a pound and a half of sugar and mix with it some beaten white of egg boil and the sugar when quite clear put in the let it boil two hours take out the boil up the as in and pour it over the and let it remain the next morning boil the allowing one to a of when it is thick enough to hand in a drop from the point of a spoon it is done put the in and pour over it the it ia not fit for use immediately may be preserved in the same first off the outer and cutting them into quarters also green apples weigh equal quantities of good brown sugar and d apples core and them small boil the sugar al to every three pounds a pint of water it well and boil it pretty thick then add the apples the of one or two and two or three pieces of white boil till the apples fall and look clear and yellow this preserve will keep for years pine apples take those that are ripe and perfectly fresh off the and cut the apples m an inch thick powder the same weight of white sugar as you have pine apples lay the pine apples in a deep dish and part of the sugar between each of apples reserve about of the sugar let the apples remain till the succeeding day then the from them and mix it with the reserved sugar and half a pint of water for three or four pounds of pine apple boil the take it from the fire and at cool put in the apples them gently till tender let them remain in a deep dish for several days they should be etc of the from them it and turn it hot on to the pine apples keep or china covered tight ana in a cool place apple take apples or and cut them in put them into a deep with aa much water as will cover them boil them gently till the will and then strain them through a bag to every pint of liquor add one pound of loaf sugar boil it till it comes to the top for tea minutes then pour it into a mould with oi without a should be done at a time the apples should be full grown but not too ripe this will keep and make a pretty dish at any time apples make a allowing the same weight of sugar as apples let it then put in the apples a at once so that they will not crowd and break to pieces boil them till they begin to break then take them out of the kettle boil the in the course of three oi four days and turn it while hot on to the apples this to do at intervals of two or three days till the apples appear to be thoroughly preserved to if ripe are best preserved in the following manner fare and cut them in an inch thick out the carefully so as to have the in the form of a ring allow a pound of nice sugar for each pound of the fruit it iu cold water having a of the latter to a pound of sugar then put in the and let them in it ten oc twelve hours put them in a preserving kettle and put it on a moderate fire cover them over and let the boil gently there should be more than enough to cover the when a will go through them easily lake them from tlie fire and turn them out in the	41
course of a week turn the from them and boil it down o that there will be just enough to cover the fruit when not ripe and cut the either in s or quarters take out tlie and boil the in fair water till they begin to grow tender take them up and strain the water in which they are put in either brown or white sugar add a little cold water when put in the of e and it et it cool then put in the and boil them for half an keep them over while boiling if you wish to have them of a light color turn them out into as soon as preserved and set away io a cool place at them in the course of a week to see if ihey have fer a u if ao mm the from boil it and it b ck while hot the and of the can b used for with a few whole ones some prefer to ihe with the in but the will not look clear i he following ia a cheap method of preserving and answers very well for common use and take out the of ine and boil the in new till strain the and for five pounds of put in a pound of brown su ft of the white of an it then put in the there should be rather more than to the u it a good deal while the are boiling the of an orange cut in small pieces boiled with the a fine flavor leather the fruit when fully ripe and of a yellow quarter and core it put ihe into a with a little water set them on the fire until they are quite soft then take out and lay on a to ain rub them through and put to each pound ot the strained a pound of brown sugar set it on a few coals and it slowly stirring it when it has an hour take a little of it out let it get if it then smooth it is the and take out the boil the till very soft in clear water and let them drain through a flannel bag without them put to the when drained through the bag white sugar in the proportion of a pound to a pint of liquor add the of eggs and it when clear boil ii on a moderate fire till it becomes a thick fill glasses with ihe and cover tight the remains in the bag can be made into to preserve take large ripe free stones are the best as they have a finer flavor than the cling stones and are much more both to preserve and to them and cut them in half or in quarters leaving out the the half of which you must save to every pound of the allow of loaf sugar powder the sugar and it your cover them and stand all night crack half the stones break them up put them into a and boil them slowly in as much water as will cover them then when the water is well with the strain out and set the water aside take care not to use too much of the water a very little will f j fi put the into a kettle and boil them in their oyer a fire adding the water and th n all the time when they are quite clear which should be in half an hour take them off and put them into a boil the five minutes longer and pour it hot over the when they are cool put them into glass j rs and tie them up with paper dipped in brandy laid next to them and large may be in the same manner c rather before they are quite ripe them with a large needle and rub off the down with a piece of flannel cut a and pass it carefully round the stone to it put them into a large preserving pan with cold water rather more than enough to cover them and let the water become gradually hot if the water does more than very gently or if the fire be fierce the fruit will be likely to crack when they are tender lift them carefully out and fold them up in flannel or a soft table cloth in several folds have ready a more as the require of the best white brandy and ten of powdered sugar in it when the are cool put them into a glass jar and pour the brandy and sugar over them cover with leather and a and in the same way green allow equal of sugar and es make a of white sugar and just water enough to cover the boil the slowly in the ten minutes turn them into a dish and let them remain four or five days then boil them again till the appears to have entered the put them into a china jar and in the course oi a week turn the from them it and turn it over them hot to preserve take large fine that are not perfectly ripe and them smoothly and thin lay them in a pan ot cold water make a thin allowing a of water to a pound of loaf sugar then put them into a and let them lie in the for two days after two days drain the from the and add to it more sugar in tne proportion of a pound to each pint of the thin stir in a very little beaten white of egg not more one white to three or four pounds of sugar add some fresh thin and set the over a brisk fire boil it for ten and it well then add sufficient to flavor it and put in the them in the strong till they are	41
quite transparent cool and put them into glass l i etc and having kept the warm the ire while the were poor it oyer them if you wish to have them red add a little to the strong when you put in your fear boil the with the skins on when soft rub them through a and put to each pound of three quarters of a pound of brown sugar it over a slow fire till it becomes a thick it should be stirred constantly baked take half a dozen fine cut them in and take out the put them into a pan with half a pound of sugar and some water set them in a moderate oven till tender then put them on a slow fire to gently add and more sugar if necessary they will be sufficiently red strip the put them in or and them off the a having loaf su r and dried in the i of pound to one of set the over the fire and when throw the sugar gradually stirring the whole time this must be done quickly for by the time all the sugar is stirred in the will be ready to and if left too long over the fire the become pour into by this method the will be perfectly clear without which waste and trouble the tops and tails being removed from the allow an equal quantity of finely loaf sugar and put a of each into a large deep jar pour into it as much either red or white as will the sugar adding its weight in sugar the following day put all into a preserving pan and boil it fool stand your fruit mixed with sugar in a on a stove with a of water when soft it through a then have ready a of milk and cream or in of the latter an egg boiled together but cold before used it well and stir in the gradually apples may be done in the same manner jam take what quantity you please of red rough ripe take half their quantity of lump sugar break them well and boil them together for half an hour or more if necessary put it into pots and cover with paper take large ripe m or eat off half the stalk have reader in one dish some beaten white of egg and in another some fine loaf sugar powdered and dip the fruit first into the white of egg and then roll it one by one in the powdered sugar lay a sheet of white paper on the bottom of a reversed set it on a store or in some other warm place and spread the fruit on the paper till the is hardened this may be made m the same manner as red but brown sugar can be used black is very in sore throats and oppression of the chest take out the stones the grapes with your hands they must be ripe then squeeze them through a cloth to extract all the from them and boil and finish the same as use half a pound of sugar to each pound of fruit make a very strong when cold mix it with a double quantity si pressed it and boil it up then strain it into a shape the sugar must be good lump or the wiu not be clear to preserve whole take a quantity of ripe and set aside the half selecting for that purpose the and then put the remainder into your preserving pan them and set them over the fire as soon as they have come to a boil take them out let them and then squeeze them through a bag while are your sugar which must be fine loaf allow a pound of sugar to every c whole having washed the kettle clean put the sugar into it allowing a pint of cold water to two pounds of sugar when it has melted in the water put it on the fire and it till the ceases to rise and it is a thick taking care to it well then put in the whole and boil them rapidly a few minutes but not long enough to cause them to burst take them out with a full of holes and spread them on a large dish to cool then mix with the the of those you boiled first and let it boil about ten or fifteen minutes lastly put in the whole fruit and give it one more boil seeing that it does not break put it warm into glass or and when quite cold cover it closely with paper dipped in brandy tying another paper tightly over it u may be done in the same manner also take two thirds of and one third red pick them press the h a into a pan cover and place in a cellar or any other cool place for three days at the end of that time raise the thick formed at the top and pour the into another weigh it and put it with half the quantity of sugar into a preserving pan and set it on the fire a great deal of will rise at first which must all be taken off leave it on the fire for an hour then pour a few drops on a cold plate if it of the proper for take it from the fire and whilst hot pour it into pots let the be quite cold before the pots are covered jam take four parts of and one part of red boil it for fifteen or twenty minutes with an equal weight of sugar off the as it rises or use alone and no apple take large ripe apples core and weigh them and to each pound allow a pound of fine loaf sugar and two the apples and	41
then set them out to cool off very nicely with a the yellow of the taking care not to break it and then with trim the edges to an even width all along put the to boil in a little by itself till it becomes tender and then set it to cool allow half a pint of water to each pound of sugar and when it is melted set it on the fire in the preserving kettle put in the apples aud boil them slowly till they are dear and tender all through but not till they break the carefully after you have taken out the apples add the put in the and boil it till quite transparent when the whole is cold put the apples with the into glass dishes and dispose the wreaths of about them black butter this is a very nice preserve to spread on bread for children and much in the winter than salt butter take any kind of or the latter must be to every pound of fruit allow half a pound of sugar and boil it till it is reduced one fourth l etc and other should always be prepared in a cool place as the heat renders it heavy the butter should be thoroughly washed in cold water to abstract the salt should be baked in a close oven where no air can reach it the best rolling pins are straight with long handles is always better fresh than alter being kept a day or two for a good common allow half a pound of to a pound of flour if liked quite short allow of a pound of to a pound of the flour pie crust looks the made entirely of but it does not taste so good as it does to have some butter used in making it in winter beef mixed with butter makes ood plain pie crust rub half the with two thirds of the flour to each pound of flour put a tea of salt when the is thoroughly mixed with the flour add just sufficient cold water to render it moist enough to roll out easily divide the crust into two equal portions lay one of them one side for the upper crust take the other roll it out quite thin your rolling board and pin so that the crust will not stick to them and line your pie plates which should be previously fill your plates with your fruit then roll out the upper c as thin as possible spread on the reserved over the flour roll it up and cut it into as many pieces as you have to cover roll each one out about half an inch thick and cover the trim the ed es off a knife and press the crust down round the edge of the plate with a iron so that the of the fruit may not run out while to be nice should be baked i i a quick oven in cold weather it is necessary to warm the before using it for pie crust but it must not be melted or the crust will not be puff or s weigh out a pound and a quarter of flour and a pound of butter rub about one third of the butter with two thirds of the flour a tea of salt when the butter is thoroughly mixed with the flour add one beaten egg and cold water to it sufficiently to roll out part of the reserved flour on a board cut the butter into small pieces and roll them out as thin as possible in order to do so it will be necessary to rub a great deal of the flour on the board and rolling pin lay the butter as fast as rolled out on to a plate each piece by roll out the as thin as it can be rolled cover it with the rolled butter on part of the reserved flour and roll the crust l i f up continue to out the and put on the reserved but ter and flour till the whole is used it out lightly about half an inch thick for the upper crust or rim to your pie crust should be used lor the under crust to the puff to be nice should be baked in a oven till of a light brown color if it before the fruit in the pie is baked it with thick paper take the tender of the strip off the skin and cut the into thin line deep plates with pie crust then put n the with a thick of sugar to each of a little the pie cover the with a crust it down tight round the edge of the plate and the crust with a fork so that the crust will not while and let out the of the pie should be baked about an hour in a slow oven it will not do to them quick some the before making it into it is not so good as when used without the take out the the and cut it into small them over a moderate fire in just sufficient water to prevent their burning to the bottom of the pot soft turn off the water and let the steam over a slow fire for fifteen or twenty minutes taking care that it does not burn take il from the fire and it when cool through a if you wish to have the very rich put to a of the two oi milk and twelve eggs if you like them plain put to a of the one of milk and three eggs the thicker the pie is of the the less will be the number of eggs required for them on egg with a table of flour will answer for a of of the if very little milk is	41
used the with sugar and very little the sugar and eggs should be beaten together or is good for the pie require a very hot oven pie boil or irish potatoes until they are quite soft when and strain them to a quarter of a pound of potatoes put a of milk three table of melted butter four beaten eggs a wine glass of add sugar and to the taste pie take mellow wash and put them in a deep pie plate lined with pie crust a of sugar on each la er of put in about a table of water and a little flour over the it m thick t and the pie from fifty to sixty i minutes i pie cut off the brown part of the grate die white part and mix it with milk and set it on the fire and let it boil slowly eight or ten minutes to a pound of the allow a of milk ei ht eggs four table of white sugar a glass of a small fine two of melted butter and half a the eggs and sugar should be beaten to to a then the wine stirred in put them into the milk and which should be first allowed to get quite cool add the and the whole into deep pie plates with a and rim of puff them as soon as turned into the plates a plain a of milk with half a dozen leaves or the of a when they have the milk strain it and set it where it will boil mix a table of with a couple of table of milk and stir it into tne boiling milk let it boil a minute stirring it constantly take it from the fire and when cool put in three beaten eggs it to the taste turn it into deep pie plates and the directly in a quick oven and out the core of six large apples put part of a and a little of each and them in pieces of puff them in for the purpose or bits of linen for an hour before serving cut off a small bit from the top of each and put in a tea of sugar and a bit of fresh butter replace the bit of and over them loaf sugar into a and a half of flour stir gradually so that it may not oe a of beat seven eggs and put in together with a couple of table of melted butter and a couple of tea of salt grate in half of a add if you want the very rich h a pound of they not be put into a baked till it has been cooking long enough to so that the will not sink to the bottom of it a made in this manner is good either baked or boiled it takes two hours to boil and an hour and a quarter to it when boiled the bag should not he more than two thirds full as flour much it should be put into boiling water and kept boiling constantly if the water away so as to leave any part of the bag uncovered more boiling water should be when the has boiled ei t or nine the bag be over the will be heavy flour should be as soon as cooked they fall directly serve them up with rich a rice pick and wash a pint of rice and boil it then drain off the water and let the rice dry and get cold afterwards mix with it two of butter and four of sugar and stir it into a rich milk beat four oi five eggs very light and add them gradually to the stir in a or according to taste it an hour in a deep dish rice mile pick and wash half a pint of rice and boil it a of water till it is quite soft then drain it and mix it with of rich milk you may add half a pound of w hole set it over hot coals and stir it frequently till it when it hard stir in two beaten eggs and four large table of brown sugar let it continue boiling five longer then lake it off and send it to table hot if you put in you must let it boil till they are quite soft the best meat take a large fresh tongue it with a in equal proportions of salt brown sugar and powdered cover it and let it lie two days or at least twenty four hours then boil it two hours and when it is cold skin it and it very fine chop also three six pounds of and six pounds of the best apples that have been previously and add three pounds of picked washed dried two large the of four large one pound of sweet one of bitter and in a mortar with half a pint of rose water also four powdered two dozen beaten and a dozen blades of powdered add a pound of powdered white and a pound of cut into slips together and it with a of and a pint of brandy put it up closely in a stone with brandy paper and when you take any out add some more brandy this meat in puff you may reserve the to put in when you make the do cut the slips too or the taste will be almost three quarters of a pound of in two of they should be broken in small pieces when they bare soaked soft put b a quarter of a pound of melted butter the same weight of rolled sugar half a pint at wheat floor a wine glass of wine and a nut pa beat ten eggs to a and stir them into the milk add half a	41
pound of the same weight of and a quarter of a pound of cut in small or boil it a couple of hours bird s nest if you wish to make what is called bird s nest prepare your take eight or ten pleasant apples them dig out the core but leave them whole set them in a dish pour your over them and about thirty minutes root take four tea of arrow root and it in a pint of cold milk then boil another pint of milk with some broken and a few bitter or leaves i done strain it hot over the dissolved arrow root stir it to a thick smooth and set it away to get cold next beat six eggs very light and stir them the alternately with a quarter of a pound of powdered white sugar add a and some fresh put the mixture into a dish and it an hour when cold cut some of preserved or and arrange them handsomely all over the top of the or ornament it with or preserved whole orange grate the yellow part of the and squeeze the of two large smooth deep colored stir together to a cream half a pound of butter and half a pound of powdered white sugar and add a wine glass of mixed wine and brandy beat very light six eggs and stir them gradually into the mixture put it into a dish with a broad edge round which lay a border of puff neatly it half an hour and when cool grate white sugar over it you may add to the mixture a or two finger may be made precisely in the same manner as the above for take six large ripe them and cut out all the then scrape them to a and mix the with half a pint of cream and half a pound of powdered sugar stir them together very hard beat the of seven eggs all the except two and stir them gradually into the adding two wine glasses of rose water stir the whole well together and it in a dish three quarters of an hour grate sugar over it cold l t dry t o and put in as best the taste of those who to eat it have ready six of ba o picked clean and soaked for two hours ia water l n the in a of milk till quite soft then stir alternately into the a quarter a pound of butter and six of powdered sugar and set it away to beat eight eggs ana when they are r t stir them into milk add the and the t harm ed them well with flour to their stir the whole veiy hard put it into a dish and it three quarters of an it may be eaten cold to a of milk put eight t l ble of melted butter four beaten n or to the taste mix four table of white sugar and a wine glass of wine and stir it into ti e rest of the in turn the whole into a that has a of and it immediately v j up a quarter of a of butter in a pint of and warm them together till the butter is melted a of milk and while hot pour it slowly over a pint of indian meal and stir in the and butter it and let it steep for an hour then take off the and set the mixture to cool when it is cold beat six eggs and them gradually into it add a table of mixed and and the of a stir the whole very hard put it into a dish and it two hours serve it up hot and eat it with wine or with butter and a baked bread take a stale loaf cut off all the crust and rate or rub the as fine as possible boil a of rich milk and pour it hot over the bread then stir in a quarter of a pound of butter and the same quantity of sugar a glass of wine and brandy mixed or a glass of rose water or you may omit the liquor and substitute the of a large add a table of mixed and powdered stir the whole very well it and set it away for half an hour then let it cool beat seven or eight e very light and stir them gradually the mixture after it is cold then butter a deep dish and the an hour plain stir a of milk gradually into a of put in a tea x of salt and seven eggs drop them by the large into hot and them till a very li brown color they are the in a great deal of fat but less greasy if in just fat enough to keep them from sticking to the pan serve them up with liquid apple take four or five mellow apples and cut them in and them in make a of a of milk a of flour eight eggs grate in the of two and the and apples drop the by the into hot taking care to have a of apple ia each cream mix a pint and a half of wheat flour with a pint of milk beat six eggs to a and stir them into the flour grate in half a then add a pint of cream a couple of tea of salt stir the whole just long enough to have the get well mixed in then the mixture in small cakes apple take half a dozen mellow apples and quarter them and take out the put them in a pan with half a tea cup of water set them on a few coals when they begin to grow soft turn them into a dish sugar on	41
them beat eight with rolled brown sugar mix them with three of milk grate in half a and turn the whole over the apples the between twenty and thirty minutes plain take a of cream or new milk a stick of four bay leaves and some boil them all together then well beat up twelve eggs them and put them into a pan or boil them stirring them all one way till they are of a proper thickness boil your and leaves first and when the milk is cold mix your eggs and boil it you may leave out the and only use the bay leaves or in the room of that four or five bitter mix a pint of cream with six eggs well beaten two of flour half a and salt and sugar to your taste butter a cloth and pour in your tie it up put it into a of boiling water and let it boil for an hour and a half serve with melted butter for make a good in the usual way with eggs milk and flour pour this into a pan so that it lays very thin let your or whatever else you them in be quite hot when one side is done toss it up lightly to turn il serve with and sugar boil half pound of m a small quantity of water until quite a as soon as it is mix it with a pint of eight eggs a little salt and make eight of butter just warm and stir in with tne r t ng to the whole as much butter as will make the enough they must be in as small a quantity of as possible or ki a sufficient of fruit and it through a add sugar agreeable to your taste make a thick of this at the bottom of mix a pint of milk a pint of cream and the of two b it the fire to stir it add a small quantity of sugar and let it cold then lay it oyer the apples or with a spoon and put on the whole a whip made the day if you use apples add the d a to one put a pint of water boil it till the is melted with a bit of put to it three quarters of a pint of cream two of sweet six bitter ones and beaten a bit of it stir it over the fire let it boil strain and let it cool squeeze in the of a and put into to your fancy calf s feet boil four or five of water without any salt when the liquor is reduced to one strain and mix it with milk several sticks oi or a boil the whole ten minutes it to the taste with white sugar strain it and fill your with it a floating island take a pint of thick cream su r ate in the of one and add a of sweet white wine it well till vou have raised a good then pour a pint of thick cream into a china dish take one french roll it thin and lay it over the cream as lightly as possible then a of clear feet or then whip up your cream and lay on the as high as you can and what remains pour into the n of the dish the rim with rice half a pound of rice three and a half of water tut it on co d it one hour beat it through a when cold it will be a firm which when warmed up in milk is a and very agreeable food add one of milk to the which remains in the boil it for a short time constantly to then strain as before and if eaten at once it thick milk if allowed to get cold it becomes as the former snow beat the of eggs to a stiff then stir in two table si o of powdered white sugar a table of sweet wine a tea of beat the whole together then add a pint of thick cream this is a nice accompaniment to a of beat well tc a of thick cream and the of eight eggs then gradually beat in half a pound of powdered ar and the of three large put the mixture a and set it on hot coals till it comes to a boil then take it off and stir it till dearly cold squeeze the of the into a bowl pour the upon it and continue to stir it till quite cold you may serve it un in a glass bowl in glass cups or in glasses eat it with or orange cream light six e the of two have ready a pint of orange and stir it gradual ly into the beaten alternately with a pound of powdered loaf sugar put into a the yellow of one orange very thin pour the mixture upon it and set it over a slow fire it steadily stirring it all the time but when ready to boil take it off remove the orange and put tne mixture into glasses to get cold calf s feet take the fat and bones from eight feet and them in water for three or four hours then boil them in six of water often when reduced to a third strain and set it by to cool when cold take every of fat from the top and remove whatever may have settled at the bottom it in an pan adding to it two of white wine and or not as you please beat up the of twelve eggs with three pounds of fine sugar mix these with the boil it gently adding the of two and then strain it for use or cream off very thin the yellow of	41
four and lay it in the bottom of a deep dish squeeze the of the into a large bowl containing a pint of white and it with a pound of powdered l f then by degrees mix in a of cream pour the whole into the dish in which you have laid the and let the stand untouched for three hours then beat it with rods to a stiff l taking out l ii etc the and having put into each of your glasses a table or more of fruit heap the upon it so as to stand up high at the top this if it can be kept in a cold place may be made the day before you want to use iu apple cut a sufficient number of thin of white bread to cover the bottom and line the sides of a dish first rubbing it thickly with butter put thin of apples into the dish in till the dish is full sugar and bits of butter between in the meantime as many thin of bread as will cover the whole in warm milk over which place a plate and a weight to keep the bread close upon the apples let it slowly for three hours for a sized dish you should use half a pound of butter for the whole ice split into pieces a and boil it in si little milk till the is well extracted then strain it mix two table of arrow root powder or the same quantity of fine powdered with just sufficient cold milk to make it a thin rubbing it till quite smooth boil together a pint of cream and a pint of rich milk and while boiling stir in the preparation of arrow root and the milk in which the has been boiled when it has hard take it off stir in half a pound of powdered loaf sugar and let it come to a boil again then and put it into a placed in a tub that has a hole in the bottom to let out the water and surround the on all sides with ice broken finely and mixed with coarse salt beat the cream hard for half an hour then let it rest occasionally taking off the cover and down with a long spoon the cream that sticks to the sides when it is well frozen transfer it to a mould j surround it with fresh salt and ice and then it over again if you wish to it with instead of take a large lump of sugar before you powder it and rub it on the outside of a large till the yellow is all rubbed off upon the sugar then when the sugar is all powdered mix with it the do the same for orange for ice cream mix with the powdered sugar the or a of ripe squeezed through a linen bag v pine apple ice cream to each of cream allow a large ripe pine apple and a pound of powdered loaf sugar the pine apple it very thin and it small lay it in a deep dish and the sugar among it cover the dish and let the pine apple lie in the sugar for two or three hours then strain it through a and pressing all the stir the into the beating it put it into the and let it be twice frozen before it it up break eight eggs separate the from the folks and them put e into one pan and the into another and beat them separately with rods until the are thick and smooth and the a stiff that will stand alone then add gradually to the three quarters of a pound of finest powdered loaf sugar and orange flower water or to your taste next stir the into the butter a deep pan or dish that has been previously heated and pour the mixture rapidly into it set it m a dutch oven with coals under it and on the top and it five minutes if beaten and mixed and carefully baked it will rise very send it immediately to or it will mi and do not begin to make an the at have commenced their dinner that it may be ready to serve up just in time immediately on the of the the whole must be as quickly as possible and it must be cut and sent round directly that it is to ta ble an is a very nice and thing when l managed but if flat and heavy it should not be brought to table i boil a three or two according to the size of your family your meal stir live or six of it thoroughly into a bowl of water when the water in the kettle pour into it the of the bowl stir it well and let it boil up thick put in salt to suit your own taste then stand over the kettle and m meal handful after handful stirring it very thoroughly all the time and letting it boil between when it is so thick that you it with difficulty it is about right it takes about half an hour s cooking eat it with milk or either meal or meal may be used if the system is iu a state nothing can be better than hasty and west india this diet would save many a one the horrors of ob or the apple is the earliest for which the spring offers the skin should be stripped and the cut into small bits and very tender these are dear for they take an enormous quantity of sugar like apple c are etc and like apple in proportions suited to the sweetness of the is no way to judge but by your own taste always remember it is more easy to add than to it chop some cold ham the	41
cake particularly nice stir in just before you put it into the a quarter of a pound of or and powdered fine in rose water cakes mix three tea of sugar with one and a half of butter when white beat three eggs and stir them into the butter and sugar together with three tea cups of flour and rose water or essence of to the taste a tea of in a tea cup of milk strain it into the cake then add three more tea cups of flour the cake immediately either in cups or stir together till of a light color a pound of sugar and half the weight of butter then add eight eggs beaten to a essence of or rose water to the taste and flour to make them sufficiently to roll out roll them out in sugar about half an inch thick cut it into about an inch wide and four inches long join the ends together so as to form rings lay them on flat that have been and m a quick oven new s weigh out a pound of three quarters of a pound of butter stir them to a cream then add three beaten eggs a two table of and a pint of flour a tea o s tc in a tea cup of milk strain and mix it with half a tea cup of and stir it into the then add flour to make them sufficiently stiff to roll out them as soon as cut into cakes in a quick oven till a light brown cake take half a pound of dried flour the same quantity of fresh butter washed in rose water and a quarter of a pound of loaf sugar then mix together the flour and mb in the butter and add the of an egg beaten a table of cream make it into a roll and cut it into small round cakes which upon a tin queen cake beat one pound of butter to a cream with some rose water pound of flour dried one pound of sugar beat all well together add a few washed and dried butter small of a size for purpose grate sugar them they are soon baked they may be done in a oven half a pound of sweet and three of bitter pound them to a in a mortar with orange flower water add half a pound of loaf sugar and a little brandy separately for half an hour the and of twenty eggs and the to the and sugar and then stir in the and beat them all well together butter a tin pan bread over it put the cake into it over the top of which loaf sugar it in a quick oven for half or three quarters of an hour honey cake one pound and a half of dried and flour three quarters of a pound of honey half a of finely loaf sugar a quarter of a pound of and half an of orange cut small of and three quarters of an melt the sugar with the honey and mix in the other roll out the and cut it into small cakes of any form bride s cake take four of fine flour well dried four pounds of fresh butter two pounds of loaf sugar and fine a quarter of an of and the same quantity of to every pound of flour put eight eggs wash and pick four pounds of and dry them before the fire a pound of sweet and cut them very thin a pound of a pound of orange a pound of and half a pint of brandy first work the butter with your hand to a cream then beat in your sugar a quarter of an hour beat the of your eggs to a very strong mix them with your sugar and butter beat the i t j i cakes etc half an at least and mix them with your cake then put in your flour and keep beating it till the oven is ready put in your brandy and beat the and lightly m tie three sheets of paper round the bottom of your to keep it from running out rub it well with butter put in your cake and the in three lays with cake between every lay after it is risen and colored it with paper before your is stopped up it will take three hours cakes take equal of and powdered white sugar the brown part of the should be cut off before grating it add the of eggs beaten to a stiff in the proportion of half a dozen to a pound each of and su ar there should be just eggs enough to wet up the whole stiff drop the mixture on to plates in of the size of a cent several inches apart them immediately in a warm oven cakes beat eight eggs to a the and should be beaten separately then mixed together and a pound of powdered white sugar stirred in gradually beat the whole well together for eight or ten then add the of a fresh and half the a pound of flour a couple table of seed drop this mixture by the large on to plates several inches apart white sugar over them and them immediately in a quick but not a furiously hot oven cream cake some double refined sugar beat the of seven or eight eggs shake in as many of sugar grate in the of a large drop the on a paper laid on tin in at a distance a good deal of sugar over them set them in a moderate oven the will rise just colour them you may put jam and stick two together put them in	41
a cool oven to dry superior cake take the weight of ten eggs in powdered loaf sugar beat it to a with the of twelve eggs put in the of a fresh leaving out the white part add half the beat the of twelve eggs to a stiff th and mix them with the sugar and butter stir the whole without any for fifteen minutes then stir in gradually the weight of six eggs in flour as soon as the flour is well mixed in turn the cake into lined with paper it immediately in a quick but not a furiously hot oven it will in the course of twenty minutes if it too fast cover it with thick paper t i cakes a boil in half a pint of a split till the is extracted then strain the milk and when it is cold stir into it the of four beaten s and a quarter of a pound of powdered loaf sugar us five minutes over hot coals but do not let it come to a boil then set it away to cool boiled an of the best russian in a pint of water till it is entirely solved and the water reduced to one half strain it into the stir it hard and set it aside to get quite cold whip to a stiff a of rich cream taking it off in as you do it ana putting it to drain on an when the is quite cold j but not yet set or stir the whipped cream gradually into it take a circular mould of the shape of a drum the sides being straight cut it to fit two round from the top and bottom of an cake them with white of egg and lay one on at the bottom of the mould the other for the top having thus covered the bottom line the sides of the mould more of the cake cut into long squares and glazed all over with white of egg they must be placed so as to stand up all round each a little over the other so as to leave not the smallest and they must be at exactly the height of the mould and trimmed then fill up with the and cream when it is just beginning to and cover the top with the other round of cake set the mould in a tub of ice mixed with coarse salt and let it remain forty minutes or near an hour then turn out the on a china dish have ready an made in the usual manner of beaten white of egg and powdered sugar with essence of spread it smoothly over the top of the which when the is dry will be ready to serve they are introduced at large parties and it is usual to have two or four of them a boil over a slow fire a pint and a half of cream while it is boiling have ready six of beaten up with two table of powdered arrow root or fine flour stir this gradually into the boiling cream taking care to have it perfectly smooth and free from ten minutes will suffice for the egg and cream to boil together then divide the mixture by putting it into two separate then mix with it in one of the six of scraped fine two of powdered loaf sugar and a quarter of a pound of broken up when it has come to a hard boil take it off stir it well pour it into a bowl and set it away to cool re for the other of cream and egg a en bitter and four of sweet of nuts all and in a mortar with to a smooth and mixed with an of also add four of powdered sugar and to color it green two large or that has been strained through a stir this mixture into the other half of the cream and let it come to a boil then put it aside to cool cut a lar e cake into half an inch thick spread one with the cream and another with the cream do this alternately them on a china dish till all the are used up ton may arrange it in tne original form of the cake before it was cut or in a hare ready the of six eggs whipped to a stiff with which been gradually mixed six of powdered sugar and twelve drops of oil of with a spoon heap this as the french call it all over the pile of cake c and then powdered sugar over it set it m a very slow oven till the outside becomes a light brown color z serve it up cold ornamented according to your taste if you find the cream too thin add more if the cream is too thin mix in more if either of the is too thick it with more cream this is superior to a ad pound of butter well into three pounds cf flour then add pound of powdered sugar e pound of and two of and fine then warm a quarter of a pint and mix all together yon may add and it you choose make it into a stiff and it in a slow oven melt a piece of butter of the size of a hen s egg mix it with a pint of nice a table of i and a of flour a of in half a pint of milk strain and mix it with the rest of the add sufficient flour to enable you to roll it out easily roll it out about half an inch thick and it on flat in a quick oven made in this manner will be light and if baked quick and made of nice but it will not keep good so long as hard melt	41
of boiled rice warm it with a pint of milk mix it smooth then take it from the fire stir in a pint ci cold and a tea of salt beat four eggs and stir them in together with sufficient to make a thick cakes half a pound of fresh butter in as much milk as will make a pound and a half of flour into a roll it out about a quarter of an inch thick and cut it into large round cakes do them in a pan and them hot they are eaten with butter take three tea cups of raised and work into it with the hand half a tea cup of melted butter three eggs and milk to render it a thick turn it into a pan let it remain fifteen minutes then put on a pan heated so as to flour it will in half an hour cakes mix together half a pound of powdered sugar and a quarter of a pound of butter then add to them six beaten s then beat the whole light into it as much flour as will a a powdered and a tea of and drops of oil of or a table of rose water the must be smooth when it is done and without a single lump heat your iron on both sides by turning it in the fire but do not allow it to get too hot the inside with butter tied in a rag this must be repeated previous to the of every cake and put in the allowing to each two large taking care not to stir up the close the iron and when one side is baked turn it on the other open it to see if the is doing well they should be coffee tea etc of a light brown take them out carefully with a knife them with powdered sugar and roll them up while warm round a smooth stick withdrawing it when they grow cold they are best the day after the are baked if you are preparing for company up the hollow of the with whipped cream and stop up the two ends with pre served or with any other small milk toast boil a pint of rich milk and then take it off and stir into it a quarter of a pound of fresh butter mixed with a small table of flour then let it again come to a boil haye ready two deep plates with half a dozen of toast in each four the oyer them hot and keep them till they go to e toast is generally eaten at breakfast e tea and other coffee there are several ways of making coffee and every generally has her favorite mode the french have decidedly the best fashion by which they make excellent coffee without the aid of eggs or any foreign article to settle it it consists of a sort of tin coffee pot with two you remove the first and pour some boiling water into the coffee pot through the second empty out the water and put in a sufficient quantity of coffee for the family over the under and press it flat with a little tin machine which comes with the apparatus put in the other and pour in the hot water the coffee will drain through in a few moments and be perfectly clean without any farmer trouble it is singular that this mode of making coffee is not more m this country another mode of making coffee take fresh coffee a quarter of a pound for three persons is the rule but less will do allow two table for each person grind it just before making put it in a basin and break into it an egg white shell and all mix it up with the spoon to the of mortar put warm not boiling water in the coffee pot let it boil up and break three times then stand a few minutes and it will de as dear as and the egg will give it a rich taste another pour hot water into your coffee pot and then stir in your coffee a at a time allowing three to every pint of water this makes strong coffee stir it to pre tea etc td t the mixture from boiling oyer as the coffee and to force it to combine with the water this will be done after it has boiled gently a few minutes then let it stand and slowly for half an hour remove it from the fire and pour in a tea of cold water and set it in the corner to settle as soon as it becomes clear it is to be poured gently into a clean coffee pot for the table made in this manner it may be kept two or three days in summer and a week in winter you need only heat it over wh wanted the grounds and may be boiled over and used once for coffee fish skin is often used to settle coffee and will answer tolerably well if rightly prepared pull off the skin from a scrape wash and dry it in the oven after the bread then divide it in pieces about an inch square and put it in a bag for use it will require one bit for every pint of water put in when you make the coffee several for coffee are used by those who cannot afford the real peas c none of these are very healthy and certainly are not good the best substitute is crust of bread but it is cheaper to drink water and if taken for a little time will be as or else use shells these should be soaked over night then boil them in the same water in the morning they are considerably and allowed to be healthy and	41
are cheap to each square of scraped off fine and put in the pot allow a pint less if you like it strong of water stir it white boiling and let it be uncovered let it boil about fifteen minutes or half an hour then pour in your cream or rich milk and let it boil up over a cup of the flavor tea tbe with boiling water then put in the tea allowing three tea to a pint of or every two persons four on the water it must be boiling hot and let the tea steep about ten minutes black tea is than green and mixed together half half is a than either alone and safer for those who drink strong tea than to trust themselves with green common beer two of water to a large handful of hope is the rule a little fresh gathered or sweet makes the beer more and you may allow a of wheat to the mixture then l oil it two or three hours r l coffee tea etc strain it through a and stir in while the liquor is hot a tea cup of to every let it stand till pour it into a clean barrel and add good a pint if the barrel is nearly full shake it well together it will be fit for use the next day beer allow an of and a of to a of water when well boiled strain it and put in a pint of and half an or less of the essence of when cool add a tea of and put into a clean tight and let it for a day or two then bottle it for use you can boil the of fir in room ol the essence bees quickly made a of boiling water is poured over three quarters of a pound of loaf sugar one of and the of one when milk warm the oi the and a of are added it should be made in the evening and next morning in stone bottles and the cork tied down with good brown sugar will answer and the may be omitted if is required three to a pint of water makes strong to your taste this is the best for parties cool refreshing pleasant and roll and press the from the in the same way as from it requires less sugar than the water must be pure and cold and then there can be nothing more delicious these two kinds of drink wine break and squeeze the put three pounds and a half of sugar to two of and two of water put in a or barrel do not close the tight for three or four that the air may escape while it is ting after it is done close it up tight where are it is a great improvement to use half and half brandy is unnecessary when the above mentioned are observed it should not be under a year or two age it mixed with water is a pure delicious drink for summer and in a country where are abundant it is good economy to make it answer instead of port and wine put in a pan and scarcely cover them with strong add a pint of and cheese sugar to a pint of of this you can judge by first trying your pan to see how much it holds it it and bottle it cold cheap substitute for a water lay a thick bed of at the bottom of a large common flower pot over this lay a bed of fine sand about four inches thick a bit of quick lime thrown into a water is useful in the water the water and exposing it to the will both soften it and help to keep it strain muddy water through a fine m which a doth and or of fine sand or is placed to make butter the milk should be every day after the milk stood twenty four hours off the cream and it in a large jar kept closely covered stir up the cream with a stick every day to prevent the skin from gathering butter of only two or three days is best strain the cream from the jar into the and put on the lid in warm weather move the handle slowly or the butter will be too soft when the handle moves with great difficulty the butter has come take it out with a wooden and squeeze out the remains of milk add a little salt and work it well set it in a cool place for three hours then work it again wash it in cold water and put it away for use to cure butter in the best manner the following receipt is from the s manual a work said to have been prepared by sir walter scott having washed and beaten the butter free from work it quickly up allowing a scanty half of fine salt to the pound let the butter lie for twenty four hours or more then for every pound allow a half of the following mixture take four of salt two of loaf su r and a quarter of an of beat them well together and work the mixture thoroughly into the butter then pack it down in or instead of a of salt on the top of the butter which makes the first unfit for use place a of the above mixture in folds of thin muslin it i bread t and lay this neatly oyer the top which will it to make cheese milk does not make good cheese take fresh milk and heat it to before you pat in the three of milk a ci allow a of water and a table of salt to a piece of the size of your hand the mast all night before	41
it is fit for use to make a very good cheese take three of milk warm from the cow and strain it into a large tub or kettle stir into it half a tea of of or and having covered it set it in a warm place for about half an hour or tiu it becomes a firm cut the into squares with a large knife or rather with a wooden dish and let it stand about fifteen minutes then break it up fine with your hands and let it stand a quarter of an hour longer then pour off from the top as much of the as you can tie up the in a linen cloth or bag and hang it up to drain out the remainder of the setting a pan im er it to catch the after all the is drained out put the into the cheese tray and cut it again into chop it coarse put a cloth about it place it m the cheese or mould and set it in the screw press for half an hour pressing it hard then take it out chop the veiy fine add salt to your taste and put it again into the cheese with a about it and press it again you must always wet the cloth all over to prevent its sticking to the cheese and tearing the surface let it remain in the press till next morning when you must take it out and turn it then wrap it in a wet cloth and replace it in the press where it must remain all day on the following morning again take out the cheese turn it renew the cloth and put it again into the press three days pressing will be sufficient bread and in summer bread should be mixed with cold water in damp the water should be and in cold weather quite warm if the is new a small quantity will make and t tke rise in the country ye ist cakes are found ver but they seldom make the bread as good as fr mix into six pounds of flour one of salt nearly half a pint of fresh sweet as it comes from the and a sufficient quantity of milk to make the whole a stiff work and it well upon a board on which a little flour has been for fifteen or twenty minutes then put it into a deep pan it with k warmed set it before the fire and let it for an hour and a half or perhaps two hours cut off a piece of this or it well for eight or ten minutes together with flour merely sufficient to keep it from to the board put it into small filling them three quarters full the rolls all round with a knife and let them stand few minutes before putting them into the oven the remainder of the must then be worked up for and baked ther in or out of a shapes take half a of six pounds of put it on the make a hole in the centre in which put two of make your with warm water to about a work it up well adding two of salt dissolved in a little warm cover and set it in a warm place to rise on this part of the operation depends the quality of the bread having left the one or two hours to the season it again and leave it as before for two hours in the meanwhile heat the oven divide the into eight equal parts of which form as many into any shape you please put them into the oven as quickly as possible as soon as they are done rub the with a little butter which will give it a fine yellow color brown oe bread take six of wheat meal rather ground one tea cup of good and half a tea cup of mix these with a pint of milk warm water and a tea of make a hole in the flour and stir this mixture in the middle of the meal till it is like then proceed as with fine flour bread make the when sufficiently light into four which will weigh two pounds per loaf when baked it requires a oven than fine flour bread and must about an hour and a half and indian bread there are many different proportions in the mixing this bread some put one third indian c with two of others like one third and two of f others prefer it half and half if you use the largest proportion of make your stiff so that it will mould into when it is indian it should be softer and baked in deep or tin after the following rules take our of indian meal put it into a pan over it a table of salt pour over it about two of boiling water stir and work it till every part of the meal is thoroughly wet indian meal a greater quantity of water when it is about milk warm work in tu o of meal half a pint of lively mixed with a pint ci warm water add more warm water i needed work the mixture well with your hands it should be stiff but not firm as flour have ready a large deep weu pan put in the and smooth the top by your hand in warm water and then patting down the set this to rise in a warm place in the winter in the summer it should not be put by the fire when it begins to crack on the top which will usually be in about an hour or an hour and a half put it into a well heated oven and it three or four hours it is better to let it stand in the oven au night unless the weather is warm indian meal requires	41
to be well cooked the loaf will weigh between seven and eight pounds another method is as follows two of and two of indian meal and mix them well together boil three of milk pour it boiling hot upon the meal add two tea of salt and stir the whole very hard let it stand till it becomes of only a heat and then stir ia half a pint of good fresh if from the and quite fresh a smaller quantity will suffice the mixture into a stiff h and set it to rise in a pan cover it with a thick cloth that has been previously warmed and set it near the fire when it is quite light and has cracked all over the top make it into two put them into a moderate oven and them two hours and a half to make excellent bread about two of indian meal into which put a little salt and as much cold water as will make it rather than new milk then stir in wheat flour till it is as thick as a family and set it down by the fire to rise in about half an our it grows thin you may a little flour op i e top and mind to turn the pot round that it may not t mj side of it in three or four hours if you mind the above v it will rise and as if you had set it f or the with hop when it make it up in soft a put in your bread set it before the covered up turn it round to make it warm and in about half an hour it wiu be l ht enough to it suits best to in a dutch oven as it should be put into the oven as soon as it is light common put a large handful of into two of water which must then be set on the fire a ain and boiled twenty minutes with the have ready m a pan three of flour strain the liquid and pour half of it on the flour let the other half stand till it becomes cool and then mix it r into the pan with the flour c j hen stir into it half a pint of good strong fresh from the if possible if not use some that was left of the last making you may increase tbe strength by stirring into your before you bottle it four or five large tea of sugar or as many table of put it into clean bottles and cork loosely till the is over next morning put in the tightly and set the bottles in a cold place when you are going to bottle the it will be an improvement to place two or three at the bottom of each bottle it is best to make very frequently as with every precaution it will scarcely keep good a week even cold in weather preparations for the chicken take a large chicken cut it up into very small pieces the bones and put the whole a stone jar with a cover that will make it water tight set the jar in a large kettle of boiling water and keep it boiling for three hours strain ofi the liquid and season it slightly with salt and or with loaf sugar and according to the taste of the person for whom it is intended return the fragments of the chicken to the jar and set it again in a kettle of water you will id that you can collect nearly as much by the second boiling this may be made of an old fowl measure a of water and set it away to get cold take one of a six cent loaf of bread it off the crust and toast the nicely of a light c j e then put it into the boiled water set it aa hot io a covered pan and boil it gently till find by putting some in a spoon to cool that the liquid has become a j strain it through a thin cloth and set it away for use when it is to be taken warm a tea it with sugar and add a little root three of arrow root powder in a tea cup of water till quite smooth it and let it stand a quarter of an hour put the yellow of a into a with a pint of water and let it boil till to one half then take out the and in the dissolved root while the water is still add white su to it well and let it boil together for five or six minutes boil some pieces of stale bread in a quantity of cold water to cover them with a little and when the bread is quite soft press out all the water and beat up the bread with a small piece of butter a little and sugar to the taste a little may be added let it for an hour m cold water to take off the taste pour that off and wash it well then add more water and gently until the are clear with and add and sugar according to taste and all up together take four table of it thoroughly then it five hours in cold water enough to cover it set a pint of cold water on the fire when it and stir up the that is in water and mix it with the boiling water let the whole gently with a stick of or when thick and clear mix a e of table of white sugar with half a table of and half a glass of white wine stir it the idly if not sweet enough add more sugar and turn the cups feet boil three feet in four of water	41
with a little salt it should boil up first and till the liquor is wasted one half strain and put it by this may be warmed the fat having been taken off a tea at a time with either white or port wine and is very for an invalid n for the sick t or the feet may be boiled with two of lean the same of beef a or two of bread a blade or two of a little salt and in about four of water when well boiled strain it and take off the fat seed to a large table of seed allow a and a half of cold water boil them together ill the liquid becomes very then strain it hot over a quarter of a pound of sugar and an of stir quite dissolved and squeeze into it the of a this mixture has frequently been found an remedy for a cold taking a wine glass of it as often as the cough is troublesome put into a pan two of good the nut before it is ground and one of water cover it and as soon as it has to a boil set it on coals by the side of the to for an hour or more take it hot with dry toast water wash clean some either pearl or common and to two of allow a of water put it into a pan adding if you choose an equal quantity of or some and sugar or some root cut up let it boil slowly till the liquid is reduced one hall then strain it off and it ground rice milk mix m a bowl two table of ground rice with sufficient milk to make a thin then stir it gradually into a pint of milk and boil it with sugar or beef tea cut a pound of the lean of fresh beef into small thin and them with a very little salt put the meat into a wide mouthed glass or stone jar closely and set it in a kettle or pan of water wliich must be made to boil and kept boiling hard round the jar for an hour or more then take out the jar and strain the essence of the beef into a bowl chicken tea may be made in the same manner cut off all the fat from a of mutton and to each pound of the lean allow a of water season it with a salt and some and put in some large pieces of the crust of bread boil it slowly for two or three hours it carefully beef or chicken may be made m the same manner vegetables may be added if approved also or rice c rs i t t tut vegetable take a white a a po and a head of or a large of seed pat the whole into a of water a little salt and it slowly till reduced to a pint make a of nice toast lay it in the bottom of a bowl and strain he soup oyer it wine stir into a pint of boiling milk a couple of glasses of wine let it boil a minute then take it from the ire and let it remain till the has settled then turn off the and it with white sugar toast the crust off a thin of stale bread toast it brown upon both sides doing it equally and slowly that it may without being burnt put it into a and pour upon it boiling water the with a and set it in a cool place rice put a large of into six ills of boiling water with a stick of or train it when boiled soft and add half a pint of new milk ut in a tea of salt and boil it a few minutes longer f you wish to make the of rice mix a table ful of it smoothly with three of cold water and stir it into a of boiling water let it boil five r six minutes stirring it constantly season it with salt a little butter and add u you like and white sugar s mix a couple of table of indian meal with one of wheat flour and sufficient cold water to make a thick if the is liked thick stir it into a pint of boiling water if liked thin more water will be necessary season the with salt and let it boil six or eight minutes stirring it then take it from the fire put in a piece of butter of the size of a and to the taste turn it oa bread cut in small pieces make rice or water as above then strain it and add half a wine glass of ale wine or brandy it with loaf sugar and grate in a little put into a a pint of the west india a tea of powdered white and a quarter of a pound of fresh butter set it on hot coals and it slowly for half an hour stirring it frequently do not let it come to a boil then stir in the of two or two table of cover the pan and t sick let it stand by the fire five minutes longer this is good for a cold some of u may be taken warm at once and the re kept at hand for occasional use boil some of white bread in a pint of milk when soft take it the fire and in some and a little sugar pour it out put half a pint of sweet wine into it by degrees and serve it with bread and these are simple the strength of which can only be by the taste they are made by patting either the or the dried plants into boiling water in	41
a covered vessel which should be placed near the fire for an hour the young shoots both of and of are to be preferred on account of their strong qualities these may be drunk freely in feverish and in various other complaints in which are recommended tea made with the leaves is useful in ing and set a pound of small over the fire with six of water some and a few till the is good then strain it ofi and add salt the d quantity should be reduced by to three bread boil some pieces of bread crust in a of water with a small piece of butter beat it up with a spoon and keep it boiling till the bread and water be well mixed then add a little salt on a very hot plate lay some of bread and pour some beef mutton or on them then a little salt over them wine boil a pint of wine with and sugar serve it with of bread or beat up the of four eggs with a little cold wine and mix them carefully with the not wine pour it backwards and forwards till if looks fine heat it again over the fire it is tolerably thick pour it backwards and forwards and serve with bread as above or boil some in a little water till the flavor is extracted then add a pint of port wine with some sugar and i household hints or useful u the of carving in carving your knife should be lit and sharp and it should be firmly gasped although in using it is not so essential as skill particularly u the butcher has properly divided the bones of such joints as the neck and breast of or ot mutton should not be far from the for when it is too distant by the arms to be too much extended it gives an awkward appearance to the and renders the task more difficult fish requires very little carving it should be carefully helped with a fish which not being sharp prevents the from being broken and in salmon and these are large and add much to their beauty to a fix the fork firmly on one side of the thin bone that rises in the centre of the breast the fork should be placed parallel with the bone and as close to it as possible cut the meat from the breast in of about half an inch in thickness then turn the turkey upon the side nearest you and cut the leg and wing when the knife is passed between the limbs and the body and pressed outward the joint will be easily perceived then turn the turkey on the other side and cut ofi the leg and wing separate the drum sticks from the leg bones and the from the wings it is hardly possible to mistake the joint cut the in thin take off the neck bones which are two bones on each side of the breast i this is done by passing the knife from the back under the blade part of each neck bone it reaches the end by raising the knife the other branch will easily crack ofi separate the from the back by passing the knife from the neck downward turn the back upwards and lay the edge of the knife across the about between the legs and wings at the same place the fork within the lower part of the turkey and lift it up this will make the back bone crack at the the or lower part of the back being cut off put it on the plate with the from you and split off the side by forcing the knife through from the to the other end the parts of a turkey are the b the breast and the bones the breast and wings are called light meat the side bones dark meat when a person expressing a preference it is polite to help to both kinds a goose is carved nearly as a turkey only the breast should be cut in narrow and nearly square instead of like that of a turkey said before passing the knife to separate the legs and win s the is to be placed in the small end of the leg bone or and the part pressed close to the body when the will be easy off the merry thought the neck bones and the leg bones from the legs and the from the wings the best parts are the breast the bones and the parts of the wings a of beef should be managed thus place the bone downward upon the di cut the outside separating each from the bone with the of the some people cut through at the dip the knife under and cut the meat out m one mass which they afterward cut in but this is not the best or the most proper way the tender is on the inside it is to be cut a saddle of mutton is the two together and the down the middle to the tail are to be cut out parallel to the back bone on either side in a leg of mutton the knife is to be entered in the thick part as near the as will give a good cut towards the large end and always to the bone a of is the thick part of the leg and is to be cut smooth round and close to the bone some prefer the outside piece a little fat cut from the skirt is to be served to each plate in a pig if the pig be whole cut off the head and split it in the back bone separate the shoulders and legs by passing the knife under them in a circular direction the best parts re the piece of the the ribs legs and shoulders how ant	41
dirt in the method of clothes is a saving of a great deal of labor the clothes in soap u they are quite dirty over night to three of water put a pint of soft oe and a table of the of heat it till mildly warm then put in the clothes without any aiid boil them an hour drain the out of tj em as much as possible as it is bad for the hands then add water till cool enough for the hands the dirt wiu be loose so that they will require but a little rubbing them thoroughly in clear water then in water the can be procured cheap by it in large quantities is an excellent thing to soften hard water the will not do to wash in it is a good plan to save your after to water your garden if you have one or to and yards when sandy washing if you do not wish to have white shrink when washed make a good of hard soap and wash the in it without rubbing any soap on them rub them out in another then them out of it and put them in a clean tub and turn on boiling water to cover them and let them remain till the water is cold a little in the boiling water makes the look if you wish to have your white shrink m as to have them thick wash them in soft soap and them in cold water colored that incline to de should be washed with beef s and warm water before they are put into soap colored look very weu washed with beef s and fair warm water and pressed on the wrong side while damp to make good flour flour gradually with cold water so that it may be free from stir in cold water till it will pour easily then stir it into a pot of boiling water and let it boil five or six minutes stirring it a or candle stirred round in the several times will make it strain it through a thick cloth made in this manner will answer for cotton and linen very well some people do not boil their but merely turn boiling water on the mixed flour and water but it does not make the clothes look nice is made manner as wheat when rice is boiled in a not without being tied up in a bag the water in which it is boiled is as good as tor clear if boiled to a thick after it is turned ofi from the boiled rice and then to look should be r and clapped dry while the is hot then folded in a very damp cloth aad suffered to remain in it they be come quite damp before them if are sprinkled th are apt to took spotted that are not worn when laid by should not be as it them not exposed to the air when silk cushions or silk to furniture become dingy rub dry on them gently with a cloth till clean remove spots and as in direction silk garments should have the spots extracted before being washed use hard soap for all colors but yellow for which soft soap is the best put the soap into hot water beat it till it is perfectly dissolved then add sufficient cold water to make it just put in the and rub them in it till clean take them out without wringing and th m in fair water it ia another water and for bright and add enough to the water to give it an taste before the garment in it to restore the colors of the different shades of pink put in the second water a little or for scarlet use a solution of tin for and their shades use pearl ash and for in the water and should be in pure water dip the up and down in the water take them out of it without wringing and dry them m the shade fold them up while damp let them remain to have the strike through all parts of them alike then put them in a if you have not one iron them on the wrong side with an iron st hot enough to smooth them a little or dissolved in the water of and ribbons is good to them the water in which potatoes have been boiled is an excellent thing to wash black in it and makes them glossy and black beef s and water is also a nice thing to restore rusty silk and soap answer very well they look better not to be in clear water but they should be washed in two different waters to extract from white cotton g and col of mixed with lime will take out the of wine from silk spirits of and ear are all good to remove on colored spots of common or ink can be removed by them with and rubbing on salt then putting them where the sun will shine on them hot for several hours as fast as it put on more and salt when cannot be obtained is a good substitute hum iron may be removed in the same way e and most other can be by rubbing on soft soap and salt and placing it where the sun will shine on it hot where soap and salt will not remove and salt will generally answer the above things will only remove m warm clear weather when the sun is hot with water is very effectual in removing fruit care should be taken not to have it so strong as to eat a hole in the and as soon as the stain is out it should be m ash water and then in fair water colored cotton goods that have common ink on them should be soaked in sour milk	41
to feather and when feather beds become solid or heavy they may be made clean and li t by being treated in the following manner rub them with a stiff brush dipped in hot soap when clean lay them on a shed or any other clean place where the rain will fall on them when thoroughly soaked let them dry in a hot sun for six or seven successive days shaking them up well and turning them over each day should be covered with a thick cloth during the night if exposed to the night air they will become damp and this of washing the bed and feathers makes them very fresh and light and is much easier than the old fashioned way of the beds and washing the feathers separately while it answers quite as well care must be taken to dry the bed perfectly before sleeping on it hair that have become hard and dirty can be made nearly as good as new by them washing the and picking the hair free from and keeping it in a dry airy place several days whenever the gets dry fill it lightly with the hair and tack it together to and plates bottles and that have had medicine in them may be by putting ashes in each one and them in a pot of water then the water until it when they have boiled m it an hour take it from the fire and let them remain in it till cold then wash them in soap and them in fair water till clean pie plates that been used much for are apt to impart an unpleasant taste to the which is owing to tne and butter of the crust into them and becoming it may be removed by putting them in a brass kettle with ashes and cold water and boiling them in it an hour to temper that is used to in will be less liable to crack from the heat if put before hints they are into a vessel with sufficient cold water to cover them then h ted in it gradually till the water when the vessel is taken from the fire the ware should remain in until cold to restore rusty italian heat milk and water in half a pint of it a piece of an inch square then take it from the fire the out in to clean it then to it put it in the mixed and milk it out and it till dry then smooth it out with a hot iron a paper should be laid over it when gin is an excellent thing to restore rusty dip it in and let it et with it then clap it till dry and smooth it out with a hot iron italian can be died to look as well as that which is new to new and iron ware new before they are baked in should have a fire kept up in them half a day as soon as the wood is removed put up the lid of the oven it should not be used for until it has been heated the second time if not treated in this manner it will never retain heat well new flat irons should be heated half a day before they are used in order to retain the heat well iron cooking when new will be less liable to crack if heated gradually five or six hours and then cooled slowly before being used to cook in cold water should never be turned into hot iron as it will crack them by the surface too suddenly to remove or from brick is d to remove and give a high polish to steel it should be powdered fine and rubbed on dry with a doth knives should be rubbed on a board with a thick leather covered over it and fastened down tight the brick should be dry and powdered fine and the knives should not be wet after cleaning but merely wiped with a dry clean cloth to make the handles smooth wipe them with a cloth that is a little damp being careful not to touch the blades as it v ill them knives look very nice cleaned in this manner and the edge will keep sharp ivory handled knives should never have the handles put into hot water as it will turn them yellow if through they turn yellow rub them with sand paper wh i brick will not remove from steel rub the spots with sand paper or or else rub on sweet oil and let it remain a day then rub it off with powdered to keep steel that are not in constant use from clean them thoroughly with brick wipe them on a perfectly doth and rub them over with sweet oil and cover them with l per so as to knives mid be wrapped up in brown paper one by to destroy and other tea un rubbed over with and put round the places that frequent is a poison for them spread tm bread and butter and placed found rat or mouse holes will soon put a stop to their sad the white of an egg beat and with a feather round the of the and the is yery in destroying in them to kill es when so numerous as to be keep wet with spirit in a plate the spirit w ul the and the wiu kill them soon ie said to be good to destroy them it be mi ed so as to be very strong with a little cream and sugar great care is necessary in using the above where there are any as they are so apt to eat any thing that comes in their way and these will prove as to them as to ex the v the flour of is said to be good to drive away ii sprinkled	41
around the places at frequent sage is also good weak wiu kill worms m walks if kept moist with it a week in the springs and three or four in the fall the ot apt to eat and fur garments in the summer to keep them from the garments take them late in the when not worn and put them in a chest with considerable or tobacco leaves are also ood for this purpose when t into garments the nest thing to destroy them is to hang me garments in a closet make a strong smoke of tobacco leaves under in to do it have a pan of live coals in the closet and ob the tobacco leaves common simple to black allow a pound of to each pound of goods that are to be it over night in sou water it an hour and strain the water in it for each pound of an of in water to wet the goods dip the s in when with it the whole into the if the cotton set the vessel on the fire and let the goods boil ten oi fifteen minutes stirring them constantly to prevent their silk and should not be boiled in the stuff but it should be kept at a heal for twenty minutes drain the goods wringing and hang them in a dry shady place where they will have the air when dry set the color by put them into hot water that has salt in i in the proportion of a tea cup ml to three of the water let the goods remain in it till cold then hang them where they will dry they should not be wrung boiling hot is tbe best thing to set the color of black silk let it remain in it till cold black goods in sour milk is also good to set the color blue and for green take a pound of oil of and turn it upon half an ce of spanish that has heen reduced to a fine powder stir them well together then add a lump of pearl ash of the size of a as soon as the bottle it the will be fit for use the next day blue is made in the same manner only half the of for goods the east will answer ok well as the spanish and comes much lower this will not answer for cotton goods as the the threads wash the articles that ere lo be till clean and free from color if you cannot extract tbe color by rubbing it in hot boil it out it in soft water till entirely from soap as the soap will the to a pale color put to each of soft warm water that is to be used for the ten drops of the above com position if you wish a deep color more will be necessary put in the articles without crowding and let them remain m till of a good color the stuff should he kept warm take the articles out wringing drain as much of the out of them as possible then hang them to dry in a shady airy place they should be when the weather is dry if not dried quick they will not look nice when perfectly dry wash them ui lo keep the from the of the cloth wish for a lively bright green mis a little of the above composition with yellow yellow to color boil equal parts of and common in soft clear water when dissolved take it from the fire when cool put in the goods which should previously be washed free from spots and color set them on a moderate fire where they will keep hot till the goods are of the shade wish to salmon and orange tie in a bag ai d it in warm soap till it b so thai you can squeeze enough of it through the bag to make the a deep yellow put in the articles which should be clean and free from color boil them till of the shade yon wish there should be enough of the to cover the stir them while boiling to ke them from this will make a salmon or orange color according to the strength of it and the time the goods remain in drain them out of the and dry them quick in the shade when dry wash them in soft soap goods in this manner d r be in clear water and all make a good straw or color according to the strength of the they should be in fair soft water in an or tin vessel and then and the set with and a little dissolved in the if you wish to the article when the stuff is strained steep the articles in it red makes a good red but not a brilliant color to make of it allow for half a pound of it three of and one of cream of and six of water this proportion of will make sufficient for six or seven pounds of heat half of the water in a clean brass then put in the and cream of and let it when the water stir the and up in it put in the goods and let them boil a couple of hours then them in fair empty the kettle and put in three of water and the rub it fine in the water then put in the goods and set th m where they will keep hot for an hour without boiling stir them constantly when they have been an hour increase the fire till they boil let them boil five minutes then drain them out of the and them without wringing in fair water and hang them in the shade where they will dry to a fine crimson take for each	41
pound of s two and a half of an and a half of white put them in a brass kettle with sufficient fair water to cover your goods set it where it will boil briskly for several minutes then put in the goods which should be washed clean and m fair water when the goods hate boiled half an hour take them out without wringing and hang where they will cool all over alike without drying empty out the and water put fresh water the kettle and for each pound of goods to be d put in an of powdered fine set the kettle on the fire and let the water boil fifteen or twenty minutes then put in sufficient cold water to make it put in the and boil them an hour and a quarter take them out without wringing and dry them in a shady place the blossoms of the of with fair water in a th i strained will i c pretty red color the silk should he washed dean from color in fair water and in the strained with a small piece of to a fine delicate pink use a the directions for come with the it is too expensive a for but for faded fancy and ribbons it is quite the while to use it as it gives a beautiful shade of pink slate to make a ood dark slate color boil sugar loaf paper with in an iron in to set the color tea grounds set with makes a good slate color to produce a light slate color boil white bark in clear a little the bark should be boiled in a brass the for slate color should be strained before the goods are put into it they should be boiled in it and then hung where they will drain dry to set colors c an ox s call will set any color cotton or i have seen the colors of tv hich at one washing fixed by it where one lives near a slaughter house it is worth to buy cheap fading goods and set them in this way the can be bought for a few cents get out all the liquid and cork it up in a large one large of this in a of warm water is sufficient this is likewise excellent for taking out spots from c after being washed in this they look about as well as when new it must be thoroughly stirred int the water and not put upon the cloth it is used without soap after being washed in this doth which you want to dean should be washed in warm without using soap td soap if you burn wood can make your own but the ashes ol coal are not worth much bore small holes in the bottom of a barrel place four bricks around and fill the barrel with ashes wet the ashes well but not enough to drop let it thus three or four days then a of water in every hour or two for a day or more and let it drop into a or tub beneath keep it dripping till the color of the shows the strength is exhausted if your ive is not strong enough you must fill your barrel with fresh ashes and let the run through it some people take a barrel without any bottom and sticks and straw across to prevent the ashes falling through to make a barrel of soap it will about fi e or six of ashes with at least four of lime if the quantity when you have drawn the put the lime whether slack or not into two or three of water and add it to the ashes and let it drain it is the practice of some people in making soap to put the lime near tne bottom of the ashes when they first set it up but the lime becomes like mortar and the does not run through so as to get the strength of it which is important in making soap as it the collect in ashes and prevents the soap from coming as the is old ashes are very apt to be with it three pounds of should be put into a of the great in making soap come in want of about the h of the one rule may be safely trusted if your will bear up an or a so that you can see a piece of the surface as big as a shilling it is just strong enough if it sink below the top of the it is too weak and will never make if it is up half the is too strong and that is just as bad a bit of thrown in while the and are boiling together is of service when the soap becomes thick and carry it down cellar in and it into a barrel cold soap is less trouble because it does not need to boil the sun does the work of fire the must be prepared and tried in the usual way the must be tried out and strained from the scraps two pounds of instead of three must be used to a unless the weather is the should be hot when put to the it should stand in the sun and be stirred every day if it does not begin to look like soap in the course of five or six days add a little hot to it if this does not help it try whether it be that it wants perhaps you will think cold soap because the must be strained but if the scraps are boiled thoroughly in strong the will all float upon the surface and nothing be lost or soap two pounds and a quarter of white in five of water then mix it wit ten pounds of or boil the whole over	41
a slow fire till it turns to soap then add a tea cup of cold water let it boil ten minutes longer at the end of that time turn it into tin or and let them remain a week or ten days to dry then turn them out of the if you wish to have the soap scented stir into it any essential oil that has an agreeable smell just before you turn it into the this kind of soap is excellent for and hands j f it is also good for on the face it will be fit for use in the course of three or four weeks after it is made but it is better for being kept ten or twelve months soap di eighteen c in three of water then add to it twenty five pounds of and boil it over a slow fire for a couple of hours turn it into a barrel and fill it up with water cold heat twenty six pounds of strained when melted mix it with four of made of twenty pounds of white let the whole stand in the sun it frequently in the course c a week fill the barrel with weak this method of making soap is much easier than to make a of your ashes while it is as cheap if you sell your ashes to the soap soap twenty weight of white in three of water heat twenty pounds of strained then mix it with the dissolved and boil them together till the whole becomes a thick which is ascertained by taking a little of it out to get cold take it from the fire stir in cold water till it grows thin then put to each of soap a pint of blown salt stir it in the succeeding day separate it from the and heat it over a slow fire let it boil a quarter of an hour then take it from the fire if you wish to it a yellow color put in a little palm oil and turn it out into wooden vessels cold separate it again from the and cut it in bars let them remain in the sun several days to dry soap to make the celebrated soap nothing more is necessary than to the best white soap as thin as possible and melt it over a slow fire take it from the fire when melted and when it is just add enough of the oil of to scent it if any other fragrant oil is liked better it may be it into and let it remain in a dry situation for five or six days to make soap boil common soft soap in lamp oil three hours and a half soap a very nice soap for may be made iy mixing a quarter of a pound of soap one cake of old soap a of water the same of water and a very little boil all these together thoroughly mixed m household the used for the preparation and keeping of food are made either of metal glass ware or wood each of which is better suited to some particular purposes than the others are quite unfit for many uses and the knowledge of this is necessary to the preservation of health in general and sometimes to the of immediate dangerous the commonly used in the construction of these vessels are silver copper brass tin iron and lead silver is to all because it cannot be dissolved by any of the used as food with silver and forms a thin crust over it that gives it the appearance of bein which may be accidentally taken with food but this is not particularly nor is liable to be taken often nor in large quantities the of silver used with eggs arises the contained in s or has also a alight effect upon silver and silver seldom remain long enough together in domestic uses to require any particular caution copper and brass are th liable to be dissolved by and such are highly poisonous and great caution should be used to prevent accidents of the kind vessels mad of these are generally that is lined with a thin of a mixed metal containing both tin and lead neither nor any thing containing should ever be suffered to remain above an hour in vessels of this kind as the is by and the is seldom perfect over the surface of the copper or brass the made of what is called block tin are constructed of iron plates with this is as liable to be dissolved as the of copper or brass vessels but iron is not an substance if even a of it be dissolved and mixed in the food iron is therefore one of the safest for the construction of and the objection to its more extensive use only rests upon its to so that it requires more cleaning and soon some articles of food such as orange c are blackened by remaining in iron vessels which therefore not be used for them leaden vessels are and should never be used for milk and cream if it be ever likely to stand till it become sour they are also for the purpose of keeping the best kind of ware is oriental china because the f h ld is a perfect glass which cannot be dissolved and the whole substance is so compact that liquid cannot penetrate it many of the english wares are badly glazed and as the is made principally of lead it is necessary to avoid putting and other into them adds and greasy penetrate into wares excepting the strong stone ware or into those of which the is cracked and hence give a bad flavor to any thing are used for afterwards they are quite unfit therefore for keeping or glass vessels are infinitely to any ware but oriental china	41
and should be used whenever the occasion admits of it wooden vessels are very proper for keeping many articles of food and should always be preferred to those lined with lead if any substance has or become in a wooden or tub it is sure to taint the vessel so as to produce a similar effect upon any thing that may be put into it in future it is useful to the of wooden vessels before they are used by burning wooden so as to coat the with a crust of as whatever food in any way must be sure from the repetition of its effects to injure the health a due precaution with respect to all vessels is necessary for its more certain preservation there is a kind of hollow iron ware lined with which is superior to every other for or preserves indeed it is every purpose to clean plate the best material for cleaning plate that is in constant use is soap and water with a soft cloth if a dark spot should appear a little damp on a small brush will soon remove it for plate that has long lain by liquor stands c first wash it with soap and water and if needful in consequence of it all over with and spirits of or common gin set it o dry and then brush it off stands and other articles which must not be washed on account of the satin wood and green should be subject to the latter treatment only the best plate powder is the purest because it is s and not a preparation as is and other advertised plate these act upon the silver and wear it rapidly away after the plate has been washed with hot water rub u over with a mixture of and spirits of m b d which is the best i hare known for and its polish remember that two are required for cleaning plate one of which should be kept for rubbing off the powder and the other for up the afterwards to the iii of set a vessel filled with water over the pan the the ur of which will the and while it keeps boiling make as safe as any other fuel to keep should be kept in un stone pots answer very well for common fruit a paper wet in brandy or proof spirit and laid on the preserved fruit to it from both and should be watched to see that they do not particularly when the weather is warm whenever they turn off the or and turn it back while hot when grow soft it is owing to the being too weak to strengthen it heat it hot it back on the an d when put in a little and a brown paper wet in if it does not grow sharp in the course of three weeks it is past recovery and should be thrown away and fresh turned on hot to the relative to the use of brass and c ter cleanliness has been the cardinal virtue of food is more healthy as well as cooked in a manner many lives have been lost hi consequence of carelessness in using brass copper and glazed cooking the two first should be thoroughly with salt and hot before cooking in them and no or substance after cooked should be allowed to cool or remain in any of them ink for marking linen a couple of of and half an of in a of rain water dip whatever is to be marked in pearl ash water when perfectly dry iron it very smooth the pearl ash water turns it a dark color but washing will it r marking the linen put it near a ie or in the sun to dry red ink for marking is made by mixing and to a fine powder half an of a of the salt of steel and oil to render it of the of black ink black ball melt together ten of bay a mv five of bees wax one of mutton when melted add lamp or ivory black to give it a good black color stir the whole weu together and add when taken from the fire half a glass of rum for the mouths of bottles melt a quarter of a pound of wax the same of a couple of of bees wai when it stir it with a candle as soon as it dip the mouths of the bottles into it this is an excellent thing to the air from such things as are injured by being exposed to it or rice mix rice flour with cold water to a smooth and boil it gently it answers all the of wheat flour it is far superior in point of and this made with so small a proportion of water as to have it of the of clay maybe used to form models and similar articles when made of it they are susceptible of a very high polish is a nice for of paper together or any fancy articles for take of white bees wax one pound of a pound and three quarters of melt the wax and then the over it lightly which should be previously reduced to a fine powder stir the whole well together then the mass in water in order to the thoroughly with the and wax the when mended should be perfectly dry and heated the when applied also be heated join the broken pieces bind them and let them remain a week this composition when properly managed forms an extremely strong for ware beat the of eggs to a then stir into them enough to make a then add iron file dust to make a thick the should be reduced to a fine powder before mixing it with the eggs fill the cracks in iron ware with this	41
and let them remain several weeks before using them to the of ind bottles that are in tight dip the end of a leather in oil and rub it round the close to the mouth of the bottle then put the bottle about a couple of feet from the fire having the towards it the heat will cause the oil to run down between the and mouth of the bottle when warm strike the bottle gently on both sides with any light wooden household hints instrument that you may happen to have if the cannot be taken out with the hand at the end of this process repeat it and you will finally succeed by in it however firmly it may be in lip a small lump of white in a of common water will do but is not as good mix it with a couple of c sweet ou a piece of of the size of half a the whole well together eight or ten minutes then turn it into a small box gold take of the oil of two of half an and white wax half an fat them in a vessel and set the vessel in a of boiling water when melted beat the with rose water cold keep it in a tight box or wide mouthed bottle up close to prevent the formation of a on tea keep an shell in your tea kettle and it will prevent the formation of a crust on the inside of it by the stony to itself to remove from take an of pipe clay that has been ground fine and mix it with twelve drops of and the same quantity of the spirits of whenever you wish to remove any from cloth a little of this mixture with and rub it on the spots let it remain till dry then rub it ofi with a cloth and the spots will disappear to extract paint from cotton silk a id goods the spot with spirits of and let it remain several hours then rub it between the hands it will away without either the color or texture of the article to remove black on scarlet goods mix with water to give it a pleasant taste then the black spots with it taking care not to have it touch the clean the garment the spots immediately in fair water weak pearl ash water is good to remove that are produced by feathers it is said that tumbled may be restored to and beauty by dipping them in hot water then shaking and drying them household hints steps salt upon the door steps in winter will cause the ice to crack so that it can be easily removed flowers flowers may be preserved fresh in or by putting a handful of salt in the water to increase its coldness if put under a from which the air is entirely excluded they will keep a long while to clean marble fire if you happen to live in a house which has marble never wash them with this the polish in time they should be the spots taken off with a nice cloth and then rubbed dry with a soft rag to clean and silk and grate raw potatoes and put to each pint of the a couple of d cold water let it stand five hours then strain the water through a and rub as much of the through as possible let the strained water stand to settle again when very clear turn the water off from the carefully put a clean white cotton sheet on a perfectly clean table lay on the shawl which you wish to clean and pin it down tight dip a that has never been used into the wa er and rub the shawl with it till clean then the shawl in clear water with a tea cup of salt to a of water spread it on a clean level place where it will dry quick if up to the colors are apt to run and make the shawl fold it up while damp and let it remain half an hour then put it in a if you have not one wrap it in a clean white cloth and put it under a weight and let it remain till dry if there are any ease spots on the shawl they should be extracted before the shawl is washed directions for carpets carpets should be taken up and shook thoroughly if in constant use as often as three or four times in a year as the dirt that underneath them wears them out very fast straw kept under carpets will make them wear much longer as the dirt will through and keep it from grinding out carpets should be taken up as often as once a year even if not much used as there is danger of getting into them if there is any appearance of in carpets when they are taken up tobacco or black on the floor before the carpets are put down let it remain after they are laid down when the dust is well shaken out of carpets if there are any spots on them grate on s clay very thick cover them with brown paper and set on a warm iron it will be necessary to repeat this several too times to get oat all the if the carpets are so much soiled as to cleaning all over after the dirt has shaken out spread them on a clean floor and rub on them with a new and raw potatoes let the carpets remain till perfectly dry l ore walking on them to from insects the cheese while whole with a made of wheat flour then wrap a cloth round it and cover it with the keep the cheese in a dry place cheese that	41
has in it if kept till cold weather will be freed from them to pot cheese cheese that has be un to mould can be kept from becoming any more so by being treated in the following manner cut off the part and if the cheese is dry grate it if not pound it fine in a mortar together with the crust to each pound of it when fine put a table of brand mix it m well with the cheese then press it down tight in a clean stone pot and lay a paper wet with brandy on the top of it cover the pot up tight and keep it in a cool dry place this is also a good way to treat dry pieces of cheese cheese b best when a it will keep several years without any danger of its breeding insects to pot butter for use mix a large of salt a table of powdered white sugar and one of work this quantity into six pounds of fresh made butter put the butter into a stone pot that is thoroughly when you have putting down your butter cover it with a of salt and let it remain covered until cold to keep vegetables the winter are preserved best in a cool shady place that is damp irish potatoes and similar vegetables should be protected from the air and frost by being buried up in sand and in very severe cold weather covered over with a linen cloth it is said that the dust of sprinkled over potatoes will keep them from i have also heard it said that potatoes may be kept a number of months if treated in the ring take those that are large and perfectly free from decay pack them in boxes of dry sand and set the boxes in a place exposed to the influence of smoke and inaccessible to frost to preserve all kinds of should be gathered on a dry day just before or while in blossom tie them in j hints and them in a dry place with the downwards when perfectly dry wrap the ones in paper and keep them from the air pick off the leaves of those which are to be used in cooking pound and them fine and keep the in up tight to kinds of the apples can be till june by taking only those that are hard and sound them dry then packing them in tight barrels with a of to each la er of apples the barrel in a linen doth to protect it from frost and keep it in a cool place but not so cold as to the apples it is said that mortar laid over the top of a barrel of apples is a good thing to preserve them as it draws the air them which is the principal cause of their care should be taken not to have it come in contact with the apples to preserve and several ths take those that are perfectly fresh and each one paper put them in glass or a very light box with ite sand that has been previously dried in an oven a few after it has been baked in the sand should be thick over each one of the as they are laid in the jar and the whole with a thick of it close the jar up tight and keep it in a cool dry place but not so cool tis to the fruit to preserve grapes gather them on a dry day when they are not quite dead ripe and pick those that are not far off from the stems lay the of grapes in a glass jar and around each of them a thick of so that they will not touch each other have a thick of on the top and cork and seal the jar very tight so that the air may be excluded whenever they are to be eaten restore them to their freshness by cutting off a small piece from the end of the and the of each bunch in sweet wine for a few minutes the will the wine and make the grapes fresh and various kinds of fruit taken when green such as grapes and can be kept through the by being treated in the following manner fill bottles with them and set them in an oven six or seven hours after having baked in it let them remain till they begin to shrink then take the fruit from one bottle to fill the others quite full cork and seal up the bottles whenever you wish to make of them put the quantity you wish to use into a tin pan turn on boiling water sufficient to cover them and them in it till soft then and make them into ripe and to be kept should be dried perfectly in the sun then tied up in bags that are thick enough to the air when used for treat them in the same manner as the green fruit cur dried on the picked off and put in bags keep nice for es during the winter they also make a fine tea for persons that have a fever particularly the fever it is also an excellent thing to the effects of a proof and proof to half a pint oi milk put an quantity of in order to it then separate the the and mix the with the of four or five the whole well ther when it is well mixed add a quick lime through a e until it has acquired the of a thick with this broken vessels and cracks of all kinds may be mended it quickly and the action of fire and water to take wax of hold a red hot iron a will do steadily within an inch or so of the cloth and in a few	41
muddy or dull appearance that is almost as as the hints the only safe and really method of spots from of even the most delicate hues is the which should be applied as soon after the discovery of the injury as possible hold the part firmly to prevent the silk from being then with a clean soft white cloth an old pocket handkerchief is the best material rub the spot very briskly but not with sufficient violence to the silk change the portions of the handkerchief frequently the silk may be held to the fire to assist the operation but this is not ne ul in the course of a minute two the spot will have entirely disappeared for burns apply cotton wool dipped in oil as soon as possible and keep it on till the fire is entirely out which will usually take from two days to a week for a wash off the blood in cold water and bind it up with a clean cotton if it to put on scraped after bringing the edges of the wound as closely as possible and bind it rather tight or use when a nail or pin has been run into the foot instantly bind on a of salt pork if the foot it in a strong of then bind on another of pork and keep quiet till the wound is well the is often caused by such wounds if neglected for a or the part m cold water till you can get ready a of this is one of the best for and when the is fresh gathered pound the leaves and wet them either with water or and bind them on the when the is dry put it into cold water and let it boil a short time then the and bind on the always keep cotton wool scraped and on hand the ear ache is usually caused by a sudden cold steam the head over hot the feet and put into the ear cotton wool wet with sweet oil and for the tooth ache if caused by a cold a is the best wet a thick flannel cloth in it over with ground and bind on the when going to bed household hints the best of is to your children day thoroughly in cold water if are strong enough to bear it if not add a little warm water and rub the skin dry this the open if they do take cold give them a warm bath as soon as possible if that is not the feet and hands wash the body all over in warm water then give a cup of warm tea and cover the patient in bed to clean marble pound very finely a quarter of a pound of and a small quantity of stone blue in a little water one of and mil the above carefully together with a quarter of a pound of soft soap put the whole into an and boil it for a quarter of an hour over a slow fire carefully stirring it then when quite hot lay it with a brush upon the marble and let it remain on half an hour wash it off with warm water flannel md brush and wipe it dry to make three of ivory black of half an of an of sweet oil quarter of a pint of and three quarters of a pint of water mix the oil and ivory black gradually to a then add the and by degrees the and water it will produce a beautiful polish to prevent the smoking of a the in strong and dry it well before you use it it will then bum both sweet and pleasant and give much satisfaction for the trifling trouble in preparing it effectually to destroy take two of and the of two eggs and so on in this for a larger or smaller quantity beat the and the together until they unite and become a with a feather then apply the compound thus formed to the and holes in your this once or twice in a year will prove powder a pound of the best loaf su r beat to a strong the of ei t eggs and when it is stiff enough to stand alone beat into it the powdered sugar a tea at a time adding the of two or ten drops of essence of beaten the whole very hard drop it j in oval e heaps upon sheets of white paper them with the ana them of a ome and form place them in a oven if it is too cool tbey will not rise but will and run into each and them till coloured of a very pale brown then take them off the papers carefully place two oi flat sides together so as to unite them in an ball and lay them on that sides to cool and in a mortar half a pound of sweet till they are a smooth adding rose water as you them they should be done the day before they are wanted prepare a pound of loaf finely powdered a of mixed and and three quarters of a pound of flour take and separate the from the leave out seven of the and beat the other seven lo a seal the till very thick and smooth and beat the sugar gradually into there adding the next stir in the white of egg then the flour and lastly the you may add twelve drops of essence of put the mixture into a square tin pan well or into a copper or tin mould and set it immediately in a brisk oven ice it when cool it is best when eaten you may add a few bitter to the sweet a pound and a half of flour made wet with equal quantities of milk and water warm	41
the r into a basin greek church of love i ear y margaret the sailor boy my sister s grave crossing by a near the a charm u rome and age the slave the s castle the robber s death bed the rocks of elizabeth the ancient vi contents pack the dying mother earthquake at to the poet castle scotland the palace on the a song of home such is life chapel at friend of my youth h of the s house philadelphia home duke of near greece village of the of the french one hour of joy on s holy family the snowy hills love s early dream the castle on the happy days the orphan the homes of old england lake the sons of jacob the in the palace elizabeth at my grandfather s chaise the beautiful bay c the rome queen entrance to the holy from the the author of the pleasures of hope the rome the mom the s home reflections on looking at the picture of the last interview of the orphan nephew the dance of the tower of the chase the discontented page the shepherd of mount the city mountains italy abbey the of pass of the evil eye the temples of and gardens of the palace o the irish girl by though every garb that varied nature wears its own loveliness and holds the heart memory and hope blessed in the present moment s narrow scope yet most i love the deepening tints that glow while autumn a round her brow and hail that season when departing day tells of a smiling summer passed away when yellow fields have lost their waving and breezes fan the purple mid silvery when faded foliage falls when to his mate the lonely calls when o er the heath the leads her brood or trembling seeks the shelter of the wood far far from man who with aim and sports with life and calls his victims game h q o the girl see in the west while golden day and lingering light upon the landscape shines what form advances o er the distant hill one whose aim and errand is to kill no but a reverend man is he whom now thy busy thoughts would preacher and of the parish fold their sabbath their guide behold home to his own fireside he on ere the last beams of parting light are gone shoulders his gun cheers up his weary dogs and strides impatient of the evening he enters lo the happy scene within it is the time when home delights begin and england thou tell how close how dear to the warm heart is thy domestic cheer the kindly welcome and the blazing hearth the board and then the voice of mirth from children of a happy land of health and peace and love a rosy band and these were his and hers who shared in all his pride his pleasure and his duty s call a fair and gentle matron formed to love and be beloved one never known to on gossip s errand tales to bear from to house pretending pastoral care o o o but led by hope by charity constrained by faith supported she with love from the deep well spring of a christian s heart sought for the that she might impart some portion of her blessings and her bliss esteemed too rarely in a world like this and now she again her glowing fire with looks as bright and smiles that never tire her lord from danger and from toil with playful question of his sport and spoil while inward thoughts more earnest and deep rise to her god with prayers that he will keep safe as within the hollow of his hand her soul s first treasure safe by sea and land from ills without and enemies within from storm and danger weariness and sin now let the social meal be brought and a perfect picture of felicity there is no wanderer from that little fold no anxious care to gather fame or gold there is no strife those wedded hearts between no pain or sickness threatening o er that scene all all is peace save laughter and loud joy from merry girl and mischief loving boy bursting afresh like sunny that flow from hidden fountains telling as they d s if o by the sweet music of their melody how are their waters and how free but who is she that fearful thing why comes she here her wo worn looks to bring as if to the fruit she may not the fruit that drops for hands already full hence from this home of joy child with step so weary and with eye so wild dark night is hastening on fast the day hence little wanderer hence away what lingering still see see she tries the gate and dares to tempt her stern impending fate sweet scented flowers of evening lead her on she enters looks nd fear is gone wide o er that fruitful garden gazing round pauses as if she trod enchanted ground then seeks that window whence the light falls on the so bright that every silver star shines forth to view and boughs fresh o er with dew what thou child of misery look not there such brilliant picture thine own despair is it the mother s kiss that meets thine eye or the soft cheek of rosy infancy pressed to her own with all a mother s care and many a fond good night and many a prayer o the o poor child of misery thou sad before what can it be that makes thy cup run o er thou art a stranger from a neighbouring land why thou at the rich man s door to stand t it needs no tongue to tell thy native	41
shore enough that thou art weak and poor there is no aspect misery can wear no look n n but we may find it there nor there alone wide as the realm of wo wandering thy brethren and thy sisters go till the poor irish is another name for abject want and poverty and shame oh lovely of the sea women have wept and mourned for thee all feeble things to aid thy cause and i the idly tune my as those who watch the tempest troubled main shriek for the shriek in vain their cries their prayers upon the wild winds east the gale blows on the vessel sinks at last so we as vainly weep thy fate while fly the rich the powerful and the great o er the vexed bosom of thy narrow sea forgetful of thy wretchedness and thee where is thy pride vain glorious britain now with this foul spot upon thy brow ai the irish tell not the tale beyond the heaving tide of a weak sister starving by thy side plant thy bold standard on the distant shore recall thy count thy battles o er send forth thy arm thy sturdy sons boast of thy laws thy freedom and thy guns but keep thy bosom s counsel tell not thou how the pale on thy brow how thy fair sister of the western sea smiles through her tears and fondly to thee and cries for bread to feed her hungry while all the help thy potent arm affords to still the agony that her breast is force that lays but cannot soothe to rest force for the many chains and death for some terror abroad but sympathy at home yes thou sing her sorrows to thy laugh at her wit her fire boast of her eloquence as of thine own nor tell what wrongs have taught th impassioned tone but to our a little irish child was she by that bright evening fire and still she gazed for cold the autumn air blew o er her cheek and chilled her forehead fair and dark the night looked when she turned away but yet alas she might not dared not stay o o the what magic sounds are those that meet her ear again she nearer and more near that lovely lady still her eye as o er the ivory keys her fingers fly while from her lips she the plaintive of s woes too often wept in vain it is my country sighed the helpless one it is my country i oh that we were gone back from this land of strangers far away back to the green hills where i used to play they told us if we left our native shore and came to england we should want no more that twas a land of plenty sure it is but we are starving in this land of bliss sweet lady thou hast kindness in thine eye oh i give me food nor let my mother die safe is thy stately house secure and warm my mother has no shelter from the storm rich is thy clothing soft thy bed my mother sleeps within a shed my little brother too as fair a child as he on whom thy gentle lips have smiled and they are hungry and i dare not go to meet their asking eyes and answer no for he will stretch his little hands to feel for the first morsel of his scanty meal j q the and oh my mother looks so faint and weak bright is her eye and faded is her cheek save that sometimes a feverish spot is and her pale brow is crossed with lines of care while strange wild fancies fill her burning brain and long forgotten things she tells again laughs when there is no pleasure for alas we have no pleasure none my mother has then angry words she never used to speak burst from her lips and tears run down her cheek and then her fits of former kindness come and she will talk of ireland and our home our little cabin by the green hill side where first she went a young and happy bride and when the moon is shining clear and bright and we are walking in the silent night she tells us of our father bold and brave and how that moon is shining o er his grave poor lonely ones yes you are watching now for my return alas too well i know and i must meet you with an empty hand silent and sorrowful before you stand hear your reproaches hear my brother cry and mark the anguish of my mother s eye while faint despairing on the ground you fall and i dare not tell you all e ci the for i have eaten since the break of day one morsel as i went away cold blew the biting blast across the and when i reached the hospitable door of him whose dwelling stands beside the heath the piercing wind had caught my feeble breath and i was speechless for a moment s space but sure they read my sorrows in my face for bread they gave and gave it willingly nor called me frightful names nor bade me fly grateful and glad i blessed their care hunger prevailed and i had none to spare no not for you then forth i went again with lightened step and scarce a thought of pain hope cheered me on though weary was the way and my heart failed not till the close of day but when the evening began to show their silvery mist upon the plain below when sunset touched the distant hills with gold and through the trees the moon shone clear and cold i cried for bread but still i cried in vain and when they drove me forth i begged again not	41
for myself i could have borne it all the blast the heavy night dew s fall the harsh refusal and the constant cry hence from my door go filthy irish fly q but you poor when i think of you i close my eyes and tears come starting through for ah ungrateful if i had but kept that little morsel then you might have slept and now she said no more for tears again fell from her eyes against that window pane she leaned her forehead with its cloud of yellow hair and sobbed and wept aloud what sound is that the reverend cried while his pale wife stood trembling by his side see by the window what a fearful thing rouse the call the footman ring they run they fly all seems confusion now where lately sober feet were pacing slow wide the alarm and she poor innocent raises her head that like a flower was bent a trembling flower the and the last beneath the fury of november s blast wide the alarm she hears the angry cries of dogs and men then forth flies o er the lone her dreary path nor stops to brave their curses and their wrath poured on that land of whence she came that land of poverty and shame oh ye who meet around the cheerful hearth q i the your home a paradise of social mirth friends at your fire contentment at your boards your filled your richly stored your glowing future bright with dreams of bliss say can you picture poverty like this the little beggar wandering wild the feeble mother and the hungry child the eager question and the faint reply the tears that steal upon the aching eye the harsh rebuke the gentle pleading tone of her whose voice would melt a heart of stone the gloomy future with its gathering ills the want the misery that lingering and these were theirs that wretched family who stretched their wearied limbs to sleep or die they slept the mother s arms were folded round her bosom s on the low damp ground they lay for they had to hope or fear sweetly they slept for all they loved was near their happiness no storm could away nor deepest night bring darkness to their day they slept the of night around them fell and murmuring breezes sighed their sad farewell they slept no earthly eye looked down upon their lowly rest o er which the pale moon shone and the blue heavens in their q o f the spread o er them far and wide a purple sea where twice ten thousand of glory sail without a compass and without a gale nor stoop to to tell their tale they slept oh is there not an arm of might an eye that watches in its own pure light the same unchanged through all strong to defend and to see then fear not lowly sufferer though thy lot be cast upon a waste and barren spot faint not nor murmur at the stern decree thy father while he thee i earth cannot hold thy wearied spirit long and heavenly may join thine evening song though of bitterness thou drink below there waters at thy feet may flow a of thorns may here be thine there wreaths of glory round thy brow may shine i despised of men bowed down and broken here angels may serve and guard thee there far from thy native land an outcast driven behold thy home thy resting place in heaven i the bare of a gallant ship at early swept o er the tide her trim her sails her waving wide there met that among her a dark and fair hair d boy they were two comrades firm and true true both in grief and joy an orphan was the dark hair d child cast on the world alone he scorn d to fear the tempest wild and mock d its moan the other own d a mind a fair and fragile form d by a mother all too kind affections all too warm they had laugh d together on the deck of that proud heaving bark but they clung beside her lonely wreck when gathering night grew dark the sun had risen upon their sight with scarce a threat cloud but ere his mid day beams grew bright behold a a spread over earth and sea dark heavens and darker wave with that gloomily swept o er the seaman s grave and far across the coral a heavy swell echoing the sea bird s song of death the sailor s funeral a hundred souls went down they say beneath that yawning wave a hundred hands were lost that day and none were near to save yet they were left those comrades true as if no power could part the boyish love that with them grew and bound them heart to heart a d mast was all their hold a broken plank their stay the sea was round them fierce and cold when daylight died away cheer thee my boy the brave one cried the moon will soon arise hold up thy head the tide is foaming in thine eyes was it the tide or tears he had no voice to say his breast was filled with fears that bore his thoughts away he knew the heaved around in all their a might but his ear was listening to the sound of his mother s prayer at night save me he cried with fluttering breath my friend some pity take save oh save me from this death my mother s heart will break s the bark of yes i would save thee with my life i his faithful comrade said but thou must brave the strife and raise thy drooping head cheer thee beloved sink not	41
so i ll bind thee to the mast where er thou i will go and bear thee up at last perchance on some fair island thrown we two may live to smile to build a trim boat of our own and seek our native isle and then he bound the feeble one with d sail and rope yet still the gloomy night pass d on and not one ray of hope it pass d and morning dawn d at length and calmer grew the sea but wasted was that frail one s strength a sight most sad to see his brow was pale his head was bent his hands had ceased to hold thb of hope on the bare mast his cheek he a pillow hard and cold the wild winds blew his aside the tore his hair those golden locks his mother s pride so sunny and so fair oh then what agony was his that dark hair d orphan boy who never felt a mother s kiss nor shared a sister s joy i might have died and all the world would still have been the same the death flag but one hour d then lost my worthless name but thou so fondly of all so gentle and so kind wake wake thy heavy eyelids fall i ll shield thee from the wind i ll keep thee warm i ll wrap thee close i ll thy purple hand let me but hear thy welcome voice more sweet than shouts of land c thb of hope look o er the wave i he cried with joy it is no idle tale look o er the wave my own brave boy i see a distant sail then loud he raised his wildest cry and waved a red far o er the deep the echoes fly they seem to wake the dead one movement of that gentle form one heaving breath was there one tinge of life blood fresh and warm upon that cheek so fair he lives the orphan cried he lives come bark of hope and save come while the flush of life come swiftly o er the wave he strains his voice his aching sight and while that vessel emerging from the shades of night a misty isle appears the vessel a busy crew are moving on her deck o q the of hope he his signal flag anew nd now they see the wreck it was as if that moment held the wealth of all his life the breeze still blew the d he not their strife he had one thought and only one twas for that gentle youth around whose forehead beauty shone and tenderness and truth the vessel oh sight he wound his of rope come o er the wave thou angel bright sail on thou bark of hope and soon a friendly voice was heard and helping hands were near but the orphan had no welcome word to answer back their cheer nor linger d he to talk or tell how they that had won take him he cried and nurse him well his feeble strength is gone q yes gone for ever in that heart the tide of life is cold friends whom the tempest could not party whose love had ne er grown old that hour of safety parts and never never more to one of those young trusting hearts shall life its joy restore o the mother s lament mother gently turning to thy loved thy youngest how is thy bosom yearning this bright this blessed its little arms are so softly round thy brow its lips are breathing the soul of sweetness now thou hast no thought of sorrow of sadness or of tears no darker doom to morrow thy faithful bosom fears thy trust is in the roses on childhood s cheek that bloom and thus thy heart nor dreams of grief to come in was there a voice heard and weeping and great mourning weeping for her children and would not be comforted because they are not o o the mother s lament the morning what hath rapture in its wing love s very words of sweetness a mournful echo bring hark to that cry of anguish gone forth at i what mean those forms that the vacant couch beside have all the loved ones perished who blessed their mother s lot the fairest and most cherished the lovely are they not go wail thou wretched mother with wild thine anguish knows no other sad for thy child go seek him on the mountain where stately grow go seek him by the fountain where waters flow his step so lightly bounding like sunshine at thy feet his voice so sweetly sounding thou never more shalt meet o o the mother s lament tis done no prayer can alter the tyrant s doom of wrath well may thy footsteps to tread the household path alone thy bosom must bear its sorrows now thy youngest brightest blossom is severed from the bough the birth place op ta beautiful are the waves that flow beneath s walls with rippling swell and foam of snow and murmuring sounds that come and go like fitful beautiful are the skies that shine that sparkling bay where hang the rich luxuriant vine and thousand plants that climb and with light fantastic spray beautiful are those shores and meet for poet s charmed lay who traced the treacherous feet upon those sands and heard them greet the wanderer on his way beautiful is that scene for poet s cradle framed c the place of where scented flowers and woods of green and mountains blue and distant seen his songs in childhood claimed but why within that spot so lovely and so still by all the noisy world forgot where even the ocean waves are not more	41
loud than mountain why fiercely rose the warrior s crest upon his early dream was it that in his youthful breast he loved the foam the tumult best of some enchanted stream and wherefore broke the clash of arms the rattling shield and spear with all the battle s wild the groan that the shout that upon his listening ear was it that in his fervent soul a burning thirst arose to drink where troubled waters roll and fill the bowl with human joys and woes i c c the place of yes thus ho felt and thus ho sung for genius woke the fire j a warrior bard he proudly i while round his brows her wreath she flung and his virgin but not alone the battle with skilful touch he drew the waving the glittering shield beauty in form concealed and that he painted too and not alone the conqueror s cry of triumph wild and strong inspired his numbers bold and high but strains he dared to the christian s faith he sung wherefore ask not there rolled above his youthful head that sky those glorious heavens so far above all earthly the type of love and immortality o o o on their route to nightfall in the desert tis a dreary thought with no household by soft evening brought nightfall in the desert not a welcome voice to call the loved one nearer and bid his heart rejoice nightfall in the desert not a leaf nor flower waving in the moonlight or in the shower nightfall in the desert who shall keep from harm not a roof to shelter not a hearth to warm nightfall in the desert tis a fearful thing i o to to stand beneath the brooding of that mighty wing like some bird of darkness floating down to earth come to spread its shadow o er the brow of mirth stars where are your beauty moon thy silver light shines not in the desert with a ray so bright as when deepening shadows fall from tower and tree and the lake is shining like a crystal sea hark what tone of greeting strikes the listening ear human joy and gladness even here worn and weary resting on their way bright the fire they at the close of day can they speak with pleasure can they smile with mirth to here amid the scenes of earth yes for all are sharing in this night of gloom tis the golden secret of our earthly doom time and place are nothing danger is not feared pain hath scarce a torment when that pain is shared fellowship of feeling thoughts that must unite fill the desert cheer the darkest night o the english lady i left thee when a thoughtless girl the loose hair floated round thy neck in many a wild fantastic curl no band its golden wreaths to check i left thee when thy step was light and playful as the bounding as o er the clear and bright it forth at early dawn i left thee when thine eye of blue was calm as heaven s sky when scarce a cloud its knew or tear save those of infancy i left thee and i wandered far in beyond the sea where female forms more lovely are than in our land of liberty iy o o the english i saw the southern beauty smile i watched her eye so darkly bright i heard her speak alas the while her beauty faded from my sight i marked the peasant s doom of toil her limbs her brow of the weary task that well might spoil her cheek of youth no longer fair i turned to where a thing in state was to view the slave the of a king and is woman s lot the same i cried where er her foot this earth has press d t too weak for help too low for pride despised degraded and oppressed i came again my native land looked green as if it faded never twas then i learned to understand the charm that must bo hers for ever i came again long years had rolled with many a change o er thee and thine o the lady and envious time his had told on thy fair brow with deepening line yet thou for in thy home thy sheltered home of peace and love no there might come no tyrant rule thy torment prove and if thy brow was marked with care and if upon thy temples white a silver thread strayed here and there twas not to the sight for many a deep and anxious thought hath love itself if worth the name and human sympathies are sought through hope and fear and pride and shame and these had made thee look more grave but not beautiful to me than when thy wild locks used to wave thy lips to smile in girlish glee then heed not thou if brighter eyes shine where the is brighter too not all the charm of southern skies can make the brilliant picture true the english lady but thine it is to seek delight in noble aims and generous deeds to hide thy from sight and from life s garden pluck the weeds tis thine with fond affection s tie to bind around thy faithful heart treasures which gold could never buy with which no gold could make thee part tis thine to learn in early youth deep lessons from that heavenly book upon whose page of sacred truth thy southern sisters may not look yes english lady thou art and may thy blessings long remain thy home of freedom be thy rest and honoured still thy noble name o o falls near the source of the is the scene mid which the traveller falls prostrate in spirit while he calls i upon the rocks and and roaring floods on	41
echoing hills on deep and woods on snowy heights more distant and more dim on this lone world to speak and answer him to say why all this pomp of solitude where human footstep scarcely dare intrude why all this majesty for life s short hour why all this waste of beauty and of power i why here sweet flowers are blooming there i a bank of the mountain air no hand to them and the white rose too i and wild with no eye to view nor sense to feel nor lip to taste the fruit of this vast wilderness where all is mute where voice of joy for seed of promise sown or harvest was never known i i of the why the deep forest with its of green where purest fountains rise and flow till gathering force from precipice and rock they fall at length with one tremendous shock down down into the lowest depths they boom and till the s gloom grows bright with rainbow hues and foam and spray come dancing up once more to meet the why all this wonder of creation why yon snow wrapped towering to the sky arrayed in light sublime inspiring thoughts beyond the range of time and lone and vast with none to or mark as of eternity these are the mysteries of nature s book whereon tis well that wondering man may look but fearful could he comprehend the whole with his low thoughts and earth entangled soul fearful if creatures in the dust should learn to know and therefore cease to trust o o o the best why thy course here are birds of ceaseless song here are flowers of bloom here are woods of deepest gloom waters for thy feet pilgrim rest repose is sweet tempt me not with thoughts of rest woods in richest dressed scented flowers and murmuring streams lull the soul to fruitless dreams i would seek some holy pure and free from earthly stain based upon the eternal rock time and tempest s shock thou not yon temple gray there thy weary steps may stay there thy lowly knees may bond there thy fervent tears descend the rest has that temple stood the storm could no touch of time was the altar there so that its worship must endure whence those noble ruins then why the wondering gaze of men no the s power is gone hushed is each mysterious tone closed the eye whose upward gaze read the length of human days blindly darkened to her own shrine and goddess both are gone onward then my feet must not for me the marble dome not the column high pointing to yon sky let the heathen worship there not for me that place of prayer pilgrim enter awe profound waits thee on this ground here no columns fall here no ruin marks the wall marble pure and gay thy sight and win thy stay the here the priest in sacred stole every weary soul here what knees are bending here what holy incense perfume to the air to praise and prayer pilgrim pause and view this pile leave not yet the aisle see what forms are here see what gorgeous groups appear tints that glow and shapes that live all that art or power can give hark the solemn organ sounds how each echoing note now along the arches high far away it seems to die now it deep and low surely thou worship now tempt me not the scene is fair music upon the air clouds of perfume round me roll thoughts of rapture fill my soul v tempt me not i must away here i may not dare not stay here i stand human power on every hand charms my senses meets my gaze me in a but the place of prayer for me purer still than this must be from the light of southern skies where the stately columns rise wanderer from the valleys green wherefore s this wintry scene here no stranger steps may stay turn thee pilgrim away here what horrors meet thy sight mountain of height where the eternal are sleeping the wolf his watch is keeping while in depths below see the of want and wo here what comfort for thy soul storm and tempest o er thee roll forms around thee rise in thy pathway famine lies ah is darkness doubt and fear man is scarce thy brother here the pilgrim s rest cease thy words are vain tis no dream of worldly gain tis no hope in luxury dressed tis no thought of earthly rest earthly comfort or repose me to these i would seek amid this wild fervent faith s devoted child holy light is on his brow from his lip are words that glow in his bosom depths of love filled from heaven s pure above i would follow where his feet mountain rocks and dangers meet i would join his simple band linked together heart and hand there i fain would bend my knee tis the place of prayer for me the of poor child of grief thou beneath the stately dome thy weakness and thy weariness thy care for days to come beneath the column thou bend est with thy fears thine incense no vain offering thy thy tears what thee art thou lonely have death or sin broke down thy bower of beauty and let their terrors in ten thousand men are said to have been employed in building this vast and magnificent structure himself appearing among them and paying them every night in pieces of silver for the work they bad executed the day in five years and eleven months it was completed and when the emperor had thus accomplished his splendid undertaking he exclaimed with exultation i have conquered thee o solomon q m g i the of what	41
thee child of sorrow why thine eye of gloom ask not there needs no answer mine is a doom i am a pilgrim weary yet hastening on my way i would not here be wholly for here i cannot stay i would not ask this world to give me of its mirth tis meet that i am sorrowful because a child of earth o love and beauty they tell me tis love that the of thine eye but when did ere prove a passion so towering and high they say that a rival has won her way to the heart that was thine no wonder when thou put on an aspect so far from divine it is not it cannot be love affection is lowly and deep all suspicion above it knows but to trust or to weep to weep such sad tears of distress as the cheek where they fall thine is not an anguish like this the bitterest anguish of all love and pride thou know st not the of love how it suffers and yet can be still how the calm on its surface may prove what sorrow the bosom can fill no thine is a transient shock of feeling less tender and kind like the dash of the wave on the rock it leaves not a behind proud beauty this comfort then take whatever misfortune believe me that heart will not break whose love is less deep than its pride d o palace and prison of the prison of the wave deep dark and cold lone palace of the strange character is thine to rock the cradle and to guard the hold strange that a history of love should be connected with so stem so isolated and so forbidding an edifice as that of the accessible only by and containing several stories or of some below the surface of the river it appears to have been in every respect calculated to increase the horrors of and to the spirit already sufficiently dejected under the loss of liberty how many eyes may have turned from those to the vine clad hills of the free shore how many indignant hearts have nursed the deep of hate in the below and longed for the wave that dashed against the gray walls to force its way within and set them free on the other hand however we have more pleasing associations connected with this building in the love of of and the faithful to whom the surrounding country owed and this fair heroine having herself become a mother during her imprisonment in the palace and before her marriage with the man of her choice had been publicly the spot was ever afterwards held sacred as the birth place of the princess of that house and if the prisoner s melancholy wail has often been heard from its lone towers here also the mother s joy has been carried away by the breeze in softer and more accents prison op the high o er ancient walls the mountains frown gray rocks and ruins tell of the days of when sighed thy o er their hopes their joys for ever and for ever flown here hath the solitary gazed and sighed here hath the eye looked up to heaven s blue sky when not a sound was nigh save the low answer of the hollow echoing the murmur of thine ever rippling waves here has the younger spirit and longing once more to be far and with the free away i away as wild and as the wind here every shade of grief the heart can know and tears of bitterest wo from secret wounds that flow the doomed the desolate have cast upon the stream below yet heedless doth it go its banks with waves of snow of the shine lone palace of the we look on thee with strangely altered eyes for hark what sounds arise it is the merry shout of laughing infancy it is the mother s joy more deep and still upon her breast the babe to rest too wealthy and too to ask another drop her cup of bliss to fill what boots it now to her that bow that pages kneel and come and go a noble princess born she laughs the thought to scorn a treasure to protect a mystery to know enough for her with gratitude to bow one thing to love she never can be lonely now he water into a basin and began to wash the feet thou shalt never wash my feet the impetuous peter cried more touched with self meet than with pride but still the bent his head a servant there to be if i wash not thy feet he said thou hast no part with me oh example noblest form humility could wear what art thou man a weed a worm such fellowship to share yet while the radiance of that love shines on thine earthly lot turn to thy brother man and prove that lesson not forgot e c q he water etc turn as your steps together tread through life s long wilderness and like the bow thy head to and to bless ci church of the healing forth thy sick thou child of care thy sufferer gently bring sweet thought to come and worship where the healing waters spring sweet thought that in the plain the arid waste should rise a stream for burning pain pure as the skies one of the most natural and at the same time one of the most agreeable of the greek church is that which miraculous to the water of certain fountains hence their peculiar fondness for the of churches upon the site of such streams and the custom of bringing their sick to be sprinkled with the healing waters at the same time that prayers were offered for	41
their restoration to health q o greek church of sweet thought to build a temple there for worship and for praise to pour the grateful soul in prayer and breathe in songs of praise sweet thought that in our pilgrimage such fountains ever flow that neither youth nor weary age with thirst need go then bring thy sick thou child of care thy sufferer gently bring sweet thought to come and worship where the waters spring o o love s early dream love s early dream hath music in the tale it loves to tell love s early dream hath roses where it delights to dwell it has beauty on the landscape and in its trees d by a passing cloud by a breeze oh early dream of happiness where is thy waking bliss what brings thy golden promises to such a world as this perchance thou art some shadow of that which is to come the fluttering of an angel s wings to lead the wanderer home o q the muse like thee unused to fame hy dare not tell yet why that blush of maiden shame t for well we love thy household name sweet margaret and pleasant thoughts and memories dear are with that word of childhood s sports by fear and home s loved music ere thine ear a stranger tone had heard then blame not thou this humble lay tis all i ask of thee that in thy bright thine early way a single i may lay or weed as chance may be q q a single thought a wish a prayer for such thy youth might claim not for a life from care or cheek of beauty always fair or glory wealth or fame a happier doom tis thine to know life s sorrows to to smooth a father s weary brow and if a mother s tears should flow to them with thy smile a trust tis thine to hold a father s generous pride a mother s love that wealth more precious and more pure than gold and oh more deeply tried the world which looks so bright and fair so full of hope to thee perchance to them may sometimes wear an aspect tinged with grief and care while time rolls heavily then let thy joy awaken theirs thy faith and feeling true thy love thy tenderness thy prayers like breath of genial airs their spring of life renew thus gliding on the happy hours shall know no cloud of gloom but like those never fading of sunny with constant flowers shall be thy native home o the sailor my father dwelt beside the a pleasant home had we close hid from each breeze by many a tree i beside us rush d the waters wild i loud murmuring on their way before the door a garden smiled with flow ever gay the showers of spring the of night around us gently the summer sun shone clear and bright upon that leafy no spot of earth was half so fair or half so dear to me but o i long d the wonders rare of other lands to see q o c the sailor boy j i had a who had been to india s distant shore and he would tell what he had seen perchance he told us more and i would listen till my heart was d from home although it d me sore that we must part yet still i to go i long d to mount the vessel s side and stem the heaving wave to live my country s hope and pride a gallant seaman brave i will come back again said h each night before i slept but when i met my mother s eye how i could have wept i thought her looks were pale and sad thought my father too grew old and in his face he had a cold and sickly hue yet still i could not bear to dwell within that narrow home though in my heart i d it well i better d to i could not tend my father s sheep nor reap his corn and hay my thoughts were of the boundless deep and regions far away long long i mused and d how to leave my native hearth despair was gathering on my brow and on my father s wrath for threats and kindness both were vain to me from the sea i cried when i come back again a happier boy i ll be i must away there is a crew just landed on our coast they say their hands are one too few for one poor soul was lost and thou wilt soon be lost my boy my mother feebly cried and where will then be all my joy thy mother s joy and pride thb boy i will come back again said i dear mother weep not so the anchor s weighed the winds are high one kiss before i go one prayer one parting prayer for me my parents bless your son i lo at your il et i bend my knee i one moment and fm gone away away o er hill and fleet as the wind i pass d yet still i thought my mother s wail came on the moaning blast i reach d the shore the bark was d loud cheer d the jovial crew er the blue wave the sea bird d and far the white foam flew then lightly sprang that gallant ship and proudly swell d her sail she seem d to heave and dip as sporting with the gale away away through dreary night and sunny day we q o thb boy the stars above us clear and bright their midnight blessing sent day follow d day and on we sped yet scarce	41
a week was gone mid the dark o o er my head the sabbath sun i never felt the sabbath day so dear to me before i never long d so much to pray until i left the shore i never thought the village bell had half so sweet a sound till i bade my last farewell to england s ground but now my heart my yearning heart its dream of folly proved how could i so blindly part from all i ever loved i thought of all my parents care how they their child would miss how none would place my father s chair nor meet my mother s kiss g o i thought of all her gentle ways to lead my soul to god and of the sweet and pleasant days when we together trod and sure i thought my heart would break upon that stormy sea while fast the tears ran down my cheek for o the change to me now the wide ocean round me roll d his hoarse and and the rude oaths of bold fell on my startled ear while far and wide my aching sight stretch d o er the waters blue but not a speck nor gleam of light was there to meet my view long long i gazed the clouds were dark the sea was darker still while d and moan d our feeble bark toss d at the ocean s will the evening came and came more the hollow heaving swell q the boy and some rough cheeks were d with fear but none their fears would tell and then the s hoarse commands d that busy crew who d my inexperienced hands that knew not what to do a stranger on the deck i stood a stranger and alone while thus to raging wind and flood i pour d my piteous moan o i mother dear the tempest wild is gathering on the sea thou can st not hear thy helpless child but thou can st pray for me the winds are loud the waves are high the foam beats on my brow how would the tears fall from thine eye if thou could st see me now art thou upon thy pillow laid my mother dost thou sleep hast thou at and evening pray d for on the deep the boy i know thou hast and thought of one who fondly thinks of thee thy own ungrateful sailor son toss d on the stormy sea ungrateful no i never will grieve thy poor heart again live but my mother live until our ship comes back again i ll nurse thee well through future days my weary wanderings o er i ll walk in all my father s ways and never leave thee more o ye who live in pleasant homes and sleep secure and warm well may you love when winter comes to listen to the storm the storm that sings his so sweetly while you sleep tou little think what dangers lie within his cradle deep you see the sailor when he laughs and tells of perils o er o the or when the social bowl he with on the shore and thus you think his jovial heart is always light and gay you cannot see the tears that start when he is far away you cannot tell the love that burns though distant he may nor how his faithful bosom for children wife and home then think awhile before you close your eyes in peaceful sleep and breathe one earnest prayer for those who plough the stormy deep and thank the god whose care has bless d you with a happier doom in weary life a home of rest in death a peaceful tomb o q q mr sister s grave the sun is shining on the grave that rests thy head my sister dear above that spot the green boughs wave and summer skies are bright and clear sweet are the gentle blow the grass that clothes that lovely sod and are the flowers that grow around the path thou oft hast trod but were i sleeping by thy side with the same turf above my breast not summer scenes in all their pride could me from the place of rest not gentle though laden sweet with from the scented rose could win me back their to meet might i but share in thy repose o my sister s might i but feel that heavenly peace thy spirit found even here what then must be its share of bliss translated to a genial sphere me crossing bt a near the mountain e wake not yet thou mountain breeze mid the leafy trees s not yet thy stormy blast till the mountain stream is passed see they stir the bough of yon pine is waving now hark i it comes with roar speed traveller speed thee o er dream not now of safe return thoughts of doubt and danger plant thy foot and fix thine eye like an arrow forward fly look not down that foaming tide shakes the mountain s echoing side sin by a q the granite s brow fearful traveller look not thou look not where the spray dances upward to the day white as snow and pure as white trust not to that treacherous sight look not where the waves are clear swift but silent glancing near till at once with giant curl down the thundering depths they whirl waters roaring loud toss on high their cloud darker raging still there the fill rushing wind and furious flood trembling bridge of wood heed not traveller speed thee on now the rock of safety s won q o the mother s charm my son before thou to share the stranger s home an aged man thou to him then let us come skilled in the art of writing a wondrous art to	41
me his hand is oft some page of mystery strange charms he has they tell me strong of power and one this man shall sell me within this very hour the are exceedingly fond of they them a sufficient against disease magic the power of evil spirits the malice of enemies and the of robbers the has power by certain passages from the and certain mysterious to give a paper to his customer which he receives believing it will protect him against every kind of harm o the s chasm and thou shalt wear it ever close to thy beating heart see that thou lose it never my child where er thou art keep thee on the ocean keep thee on the land in the battle s wild commotion beneath the warrior s brand keep thee when the howling of the tempest passes by from the hungry lion and the tiger s searching eye keep thee when the thunder is rolling in its wrath or when the hand of plunder thy midnight path keep thee from all danger a mother s heart can dread when thou a lonely stranger on other shores shalt tread then take my child this token and be thy speed i the s charm the unbroken will serve thine utmost need thus said the mother and took the old man s charm alas she knew no other to keep her child from harm she knew not that in pouring a single fervent prayer that mighty power who everywhere committing to his guiding the treasure of her soul confiding in his all wise control there is no fear of danger there can be none of harm the orphan child a stranger d need no charm c c o oil a re rome oh noblest work of human art majestic and sublime a link of giant power thou art past and present time connecting all the beautiful of by gone days with this filling the cup of wonder full till wonder grows to bliss thus standing on thy marble floor with fixed and upward gaze the spirit to and pour itself in praise the consists of four flights of marble steps adorned with a double row of marble columns of all s celebrated works it is allowed to be the and most q etc but is it god himself who wakes this thrill or fretted roof and stone and man s own boasted skill or is it that we long to tread those marble steps to heaven to bend with grace the drooping head and find our sins t oh splendid were the christian s and happy lot were his to hide from wrath in earthly courts like this but not for him to travel o er with stately step and slow the richly marble floor nor path to know the page of human life filled up hath darker scenes for him humiliation s bitter cup filled to the very brim and lowly ways to tread alone with none to cheer or guide etc but thorns and weeds around him strewn and on every side here he that wisdom true no school could grant with strict eye to view his weakness and his want and here he from hour to hour his holy name to bless who proves the might of heavenly power in human youth and age youth i hear of the traveller s view from the lofty mountain s brow of the skies of blue and the fields of snow and i think when my days are over and set free how i ll tread those perilous and how happy i shall be age young man there are deep in those fields of snow where the sparkling sleep there is ruin and death below where the rocks are wild and high and the clouds beneath them sail ten thousand dangers lie unknown in the sheltered i youth talk not of danger to me i lore the daring thought and a hunter i would be where the bounding is caught i love to hear the breeze and the distant thunder shock i love to climb the trees when their branches wave and rock age but the lofty branch may break and the distant storm come near and the giant heart may and the cheek grow pale with fear then the cottage fire burns bright where all the loved ones meet and home is a blessed sight and safety doubly dear youth still still i would wish to make my way to some distant land youth and i would sail on s lake or on its strand and while history s page its glory and renown i would gaze on s walls when the evening sun goes down age oh many a day and many a weary night must come and pass away before that glorious sight and when thou hast seen thy fill of nations and of men when time thou hast learned to kill by constant change what then youth i shall know a thousand things that schools could never have taught as the lark that and sings is too wise to be and caught a all the wonders i shall seek for which other bum and when i choose to speak my friends shall listen and learn age tis not the sights that please the observer s curious eyes it is not what he sees that makes the traveller wise he may pass from door to door from land to land may but he must still be poor who brings no wisdom home is a majesty thou ancient queen of many nations in that front of reflected in its various tinted forms of gilded spire and of green on the clear surface of the crystal tide flowing thy venerable walls there is a majesty in human power and in the skill of man s hand which a palace from the dust and casts his burden	41
on the wave the approach to this magnificent city the dr from the sea of is more beautiful perhaps than that of any other city in the world before the spectator lies a of islands covered with pine and oak woods from whence on every summit some of the greek church these lovely seem to float upon a sea generally calm and and are beautifully reflected from a surface singularly pure and fearless of danger for the very winds those mysteries of earth and heaven find him prepared to laugh their fury back while from the line of their appointed course he turns their wings invisible to his treasure er he will there is a majesty more felt than seen in the vast city with its peopled homes and hearts all full of an immortal life thousands and of thousands beating there there is a majesty in airy like heaven s own arch the stately wall in lofty roofs and spacious in marble floors where fountains play and varied columns cast their shade in halls of pride and courts of state and richest temples reared for prayer in crowded where commerce holds her seat and massive arch and venerable stair and bridge and o er which old time sweeps with a harmless wing from year to year oh who shall say it is a vulgar scene a common spectacle to gaze upon strangers from different lands of every hue and tribe and nation there from the far desert worn and gray the sport of many a distant wave and busy merchants hurrying to and fro and curious travellers with thoughtful mien grave men of wealth and inexperienced youth learning his lesson from a sordid page fashion and folly in the gaze of the low multitude all these are there and gorgeous luxury ere it the harvest of man s toil oh who shall say that man is nothing when his mind can make conquest of stubborn earth and sea and air and all that is therein oh who shall say that man is nothing but a feeble worm save in the presence of his god when all he has that gracious father has bestowed gifts meet for his own service therefore good if rightly used and glorious in themselves most wonderful when best employed most fit to his praise through all the earth d the blue said the s daughter with a look of girlish bliss i have saved from wanton slaughter many a fluttering fool like this far i chased the winged o er the and through the grove now its wandering life is over scarcely dare the rebel move take then take the gilded beauty hold it in thy faithful hand teach it all a captive s duty how to yield when i command teach it how to shine and by my smiles and by my see the creature seems to listen even now my power it owns see my see what splendour by that was displayed let thy touch be kind and tender lest some fairy charm should fade art thou not beholding with a joy as light as mine how those radiant wings mock the when they shine t how those purple hues are with the brighter tints of gold while a velvet robe depending still thy gentle hold take then take my captive treasure let no touch its beauty stain tis alike my will and pleasure every charm it should retain answered sadly slowly lady i would do thy will but the captive s heart is lowly can her robe be splendid still lady can the broken hearted bloom in bondage and alone t he slave can the charms which hope imparted live when every hope is gone why that voice like sorrow dreaming why that look so meek and grave ah too deep too true their meaning was herself a slave the castle tell us thou castle and gray what none beside may tell who reared thy massive walls oh say within this silent here nature all around looks wild and unknown yet human hands must once have toiled nor few have toiled alone tell us thine echoes answer not the stately sounding tread the wild are all forgot where are thy warriors fled where are they whom no foe could bind the and the free their waving in the wind have all forsaken thee d the castle tho board thy cheerful hearth sparkling bowl that gave a louder tone to midnight and laughter to the grave where are they all the cry the seeks thy the dark green ivy waves on high above thy walls no answer comes from tower no sigh from keep to tell who sought in danger s hour thy fortress wild and steep buried all the silent past tells not thy wondrous tale a nameless form is all thou hast lone castle of the m the robber s death unknown and alone beneath the damp care s dripping stone on his low bed the lay watching the sun s departing ray as slowly faintly faded all the dim light on that s wall and death was near and that stern man unused to fear whose shout had led the battle strife whose arm had the bloody knife whose soul would neither spare nor in secret way or open field that giant frame of make why does each and fibre why around that eagle eye can he the fear to die j yes fear a stranger guest has come to fill that care s mysterious gloom the robber s death bed with visions dire and monsters fell and some remembered all too well dim pictures of the far off past all hideous now and all what form is that advancing slow his mother his misty brow he feels her breath so gently warm his head rests on her feeble arm kind words once more are heard and felt	41
a mother s knee in prayer has knelt tis all a dream that form has gone the one remains alone something still sounds in his ear tis not the ocean waves though near it is the still small voice which speaks when beside the silence breaks that voice which neither wind nor wave nor aught can but the grave a still small voice yet louder far to him who hears than din of war and deep and clear the warning cry when sickness comes and death is nigh at early there sought that cave on high two warriors brave thb robber s bed by their prince to find that lawless man to guard and at safety s risk that iron hand and from its terrors rid the land behold he sleeps the child might sport beside that wild so still so fixed so the marble of that fearful brow no passion his fluttering breath he sleeps the long cold sleep of death he sleeps but who the tale shall tell of that lone robber s last farewell when earth and sky and sea and air and all they held of rich or fair j when all his greedy hand had gained and all his hold would have retained were passing swiftly surely by and fading from his drooping eye while but horror guilt and gloom remained beside his opening tomb yes then even then that holy book with trembling hand the robber took and such the lessons learned in youth and such the force of heavenly truth e e the s death bed that while condemned the page he read some hope of mercy o er it shed a ray more bright than earth could yield and feeling all too long concealed burst forth o d by his fate but hark that one moment wait he drops the book it is too late ths rocks of g time hath an empire vast and wide o er fruitful and foaming tide o er mountain high and torrent deep and bold and steep nor rock of iron mould but to his hold thus many a deity and many a danger and feared in ancient times by wisest men hath lost the power it boasted then thus s voice is silent now and when the seaman his amid her ocean no more with breath he protection from the vengeance dire of injured woman s ire but s name hath something wild and fearful yet to fancy s child and well that ancient tale may stir m the rocks of pity and dread alike for her who fell by one fierce stroke of fate from all we love to all we hate her beauty woman s sovereign transformed in one short hour for form of female grace distorted limbs and hideous face for silvery voice of magic spell the sea dog s harsh yell and ever thus unchanged to be a monster lone in that cold sea doomed to live on and think and feel the worst of wounds which none can heal the worst of when all is o er to have been in days of yes well thine angry waves might foam and well the sea dogs watch thy home well might thy of darkness howl thy in vengeance till every seaman sailing by implored the aid of destiny to keep him in the storm from frightful s hideous form and dost thou weep thy wrongs no more lone sufferer on s shore m the of hare the wild waves that heat thy breast lashed all its angry woes to rest or has the world which could not heal forget to pity and to feel say is it thus we pass thee by with ear and careless eye thou art no more alone the world has tired of many a moan and many a sorrow has grown old ere half its bitterest pangs were told of the when we think of thee strange feelings rise of human vanity strange for thy smile of well might our claims to glory and to pride tis a thought the heart will linger o er to tread with thee our own beloved shore to call thy peaceful thy nation ours to share with thee life s sunshine and its showers friend of the ever be thy brow in its mild majesty serene as now thy voice with melodious thrill to bid all thoughts of self be still hopes of bliss divine with noble aims and purposes like thine sending the spirit on the wings of faith through darkest scenes of and death yet soft and gentle as an angel s wing the soothing calm of thy sweet not to the courts of kings though such might well thy noble bearing there to dwell not to the couch of rest though soft and kind the tender yearning of thy woman s mind not to the walks of intellectual pride though knowledge there its head might hide but to the prison hold the dreary cell thy footsteps turn where guilt and misery dwell to the lone wretch on restless pillow tossed the early doomed the desolate the lost he whom the world had cast without its pale tis thine with cheering to hail to call from deepest shades to purest light her abject soul whom none beside invite then pass thou on along life s troubled ways with thy maker s praise in strains of music ever on thy tongue happiest of woman kind to whom belong meet of gratitude and love that one amongst our should prove before admiring nations far and near how many christian charity may cheer how much with humble faith and purpose true the loveliest daughters of our land may do i the ancient to of the golden ocean with its wares of standing corn rocked into gentle motion by the soft breath of queen of the rich	41
vine bending beneath its purple load queen of all ripe fruits sending their breath abroad the ancient was the chosen residence and seat of the government of the daughter of and she has ever been the favourite deity of the who assert that she reigned over their island with wisdom and moderation her subjects in the method of making bread and wine the materials for which their country produced and la great abundance etc queen of the bread that queen of the wine and oil of the plenty that to bless the soil thine are the pomp and splendour which autumn s glory bears and thine the tints more tender her fading beauty wears queen of the measure queen of the fertile land queen of the s pleasure as he the golden band thine are the shouts that call us to the merry harvest home then let no befall us till the days of harvest come thine were the deep green meadows each vine clad hill and and thine the deeper shadows of s while from each lofty mountain touched by the passing cloud from and from fountain thy praise perpetual flowed etc where er the scented blossom the air or in the wild flower s bosom the bee her treasure found thy sovereign sway extended from crystal sea to sea thy generous care thine own sweet and hast not a region beyond that shore i thy subjects many a who bow thy throne before wilt thou not to listen to colder britain s call behold her eyes her tears in secret fall oh leave her not forsaken her golden come back she yet may to bless thy horn her sons are noble hearted her daughters kind and true her hopes not all departed if thou their faith renew etc come back i the land is yearning for thy smile o er hill and plain the soul is burning to hail thee once wake i wake i from tower and the echoing song of mirth come back and make thy people the happiest upon earth i q v the dying mother mother the spring s young blossoms are blooming in the the in the meadow the passing gale the i see them sporting beneath the sky mother the spring is lovely it is too soon to die mother my child is sleeping its little heart at rest no thought of coming sorrow its peaceful breast its seems but one short moment since first i heard its cry yet has it learned to know me o mother must i die mother the love that brought me a bride within this home d the dying mother would last unchanged and faithful for many a day to come it ne er has known a shadow nor cloud across its sky i cannot yield this treasure i am too rich to die when autumn winds blow fiercely and strip the withered bough when childhood s smile has faded and scorn sits on its brow when he who once spoke kindly meets me with altered eye then fare thee well my mother for then i fain would die i hush hush the mother answered her look was grave but kind these are sad thoughts beloved to cross thine anxious mind he who in mercy the when they cry he only knows the season to live or die at misty clouds of early dawn the radiant sun shines through o er the glittering scene green earth and ocean blue wake i wake i for life is young again the merry sing old age hath lost its weariness and hope is on the wing wake wake the mother folds her babe in rapture to her breast the rich man his robe of state the poor his simple the of to ay is a modem city and the without exception in it has frequently been destroyed by the of and with a sort of and the elephant was the ancient symbol of the at with snowy wreath of virgin flowers the bride her hair wake wake for life is young again and joy is everywhere ib stately hall and lowly cot quick stirring thoughts begin while busy feet are hastening forth and welcome ones come in ambition now sits brooding o er some vision fair and new and with silent foot to count his treasures too and hope is gathering early flowers while love is smiling nigh or weaving ere they fade with many a smile and sigh thus pass the hours from mom to noon when lo the mid day sun grows dim but yet without a cloud ere half his race is run hark my child the mother cries what wakes that foolish fear earthquake at tis but the thunder rolling far it comes not loved one here again the trembling bride grows pale the bridegroom looks to see fear not he cries there s on earth would dare to injure thee again again and louder still the very earth seems tossed dark forests wave upon the land tall vessels on the coast and gloomily the clouds of night are gathering o er the deep come forth come forth bold thou hast no time to sleep come forth old age with tottering step thy couch is come forth a enemy than age is at thy door come forth young bride the rosy wreath is fading on thy brow come forth fond mother with thy babe what boots thy fondness now at and thou stern leave oh leave that glittering dust of thine perchance this very night be where gold did never shine proud man of wealth whom none have sought save for thy state come with the rest what art thou now poor blind and desolate behold thy doom is written on high a fearful doom to meet loud thunder rolls along the sky earth beneath thy feet and still that cloud of gathering gloom	41
hangs like a deepening pall while lurid lightning shoots across its broad and fiery wall hark tis the deep wakes its age of slumber past its voice ten thousand thunder its breath the blast down down the mountain s heaving sides through forests dark and deep i at through wider of snow the streams of sweep and fearfully that flood rolls to the distant the sea the shore is heaped with burning hail roll on roll on thy giant swell leaves neither grass nor grave thou burning tide without an ebb thou sea without a wave to the poet word oh hang not on the silent bough thy of sweetness yet sing once again an evening song before thy sun shall set sing once again the listening wait for thy melody and mournful echo asks one her favourite strain from thee strike once again with charmed touch thy harp whose magic tone could wake from feeling s deepest a music all thine own shines not the sun on l as brightly as of t flows not the stream with silvery upon as green a shore to the poet roll not the clouds of purple as softly o er the scene rise not the mountain peaks as high those misty waves between sing not the birds their summer song as from the not the bark at as smoothly o er the lake wave not the woods as glad and green not the rose as fair not the golden west as bright when sunset the air yes nature thee to her while all unchanged to thee she again her flowers and asks thy melody she asks of thee her great high priest to whom her rites belong to wake once more throughout her realm the of song to the poet then hang not on the silent bough thy of sweetness yet sing once again an evening song before thy sun shall set scotland bold scotland there must be some magic about wh on this side the border we cannot find out since those who best love thee can still live without thee and wander and praise thee the wide world about perchance tis thy rocks that are savage and lonely as they echo the sound of thy loud swelling waves ah no for they tell us such music is only the song of the sea maid among the wild perchance tis thy castles that frown o er the ocean all and as the deep gulf below ah no for they tell us the noblest emotion is by watching those waves as they flow then teach us to know what the feeling which fires the bold hearts of thy children may be when each from the side of the parent is stealing to wander away over mountain and sea castle scotland ill we know that the lover deserts not the beauty whose smile to his song all its melody whose service all his joy and his duty whose sorrows he and whose rights he we know that the friend who is and truest stays longest beside us when strangers depart that the love that is the tie that is are shaken most easily off from the heart but thou scotland hast something about thee some strange contradiction to nature s old ways since thy children can best live without thee and love thee and leave thee to sing of thy praise the op said on the b rd bird of the gilded cage thy heart is to hear the stir of that gay world below where busy in lively groups are meeting and light come and go and swift the flow with dancing light the brighter greeting bird of the gilded cage the scent of flowers comes floating through thy window faint bringing sweet tidings of thine early hours while memory comes to paint all thou hast lost by tyranny s restraint all thou once enjoy in thine own sunny hark tis the dash of busy oars thou hark tis the ripple of the foaming tide hush thee to rest a wreath thou thou art a s bride the palace of said sc c nursed in his halls of pride his slaves are at thy side what thee that a brow of gloom thou his throne beside rose tints around thy palace are glowing and gold adorn its courts within airs of soft perfume o er thy cheek are blowing and light and thin letting the sunshine in curtains of costly silk around thy couch are flowing art thou not oh give me but the motion of the wild bird along the sky a on shore a upon the ocean a wing that i might fly an oar that i might try to lull myself to rest or die for i am weary of this wild emotion these tears that cannot buy one hour of liberty this yearning of the soul nature s own true devotion a song home we once had a home where the sweet roses grew where clouds never gathered nor stormy winds where of summer in safety could sing and fold with the nightfall their soft brooding wing oh bright was that home when the spring time returned but brighter than all when the evening fire burned when snow f u around us and comfort within told the time when the pleasures of winter begin when the laugh and the jest and the innocent song made music of happiness all the day long while the warm sunny of morning and night turned duty to and love to delight tes those are the days that we weep as we sing that no spring time returning nor summer can bring when our father came home with a smile on his brow and the kindest of mothers ah i where are they now j a song of home cold cold is the hearth	41
where our evening fire burned with sorrowful hearts from that scene have we turned for father and mother are peacefully laid where the elm and the tree are their shade and now when we call them they hear us no more though we kneel on their graves and their pity we wander and we to tell to the stranger we once had a home i city of gardens where the prophet stood watching thy splendour listening to thy one heaven he owned where grief should ne er intrude but this he cried is paradise on earth i therefore he dared not enter but drew back ere yet bewildered by that glorious sight and turning to the desert s gloomy track made sure his safety by his flight not thus the sons of wealth whose golden dreams scarce less than thy luxuries are whom thy green and sparkling streams and glittering invite from far they come the on his bounding from distant heights the way worn here rests the traveller from all danger freed and the slow her burden here beneath the arches of that lofty where sends the fountain forth its sparkling spray behold how commerce from man the sordid friendship of a single day they bring their varied stores from east and west rich cloth of gold and floating from southern the loose embroidered and from the colder north its fur here many a flower of curious fabric on indian and silk of while velvet smooth wrought in italian the bright of her sky and britain too her generous hand extends full from the produce of her children s toil rich in the wealth which ceaseless labour despite the partial sun that her soil they come from distant shores with every hue of varying they come o er land and wave adventurous youth and age whose steps are few between his treasure and his grave all here united by one common tie welcome alike and free to stay or go on couch of slumber undisturbed to lie or sit where waters sweetly flow with social glee they count their perils o er each bound to each by mutual hope of gain strangers who never met on earth before and those who ne er shall meet again such is the brotherhood of interest such the social fellowship of man with man hearts which no power but love of gold could touch unite at once in purpose and in plan such is life one still summer s evening i wandered before the dim shadows of twilight came to mark the deep sunset and gaze o er the main and w the white sails i might ne er see again i looked to the ocean the earth and the sky no wave broke beneath me no cloud sailed on high all was silent and calm not a blew o er the wide waste of waters that slept on the shore a vessel moved slowly along the blue wave her sails to the night wind she gave they filled with the breath that was silent to me and then a proud spirit that bark seemed to be is such then the life we are born to i cried that man may go forth in his glory and pride and make the winds rise at his bidding and blow for the port he is bound to where er he may go is life i saw the same bark on a shore the skies were o and the calm was no more she was dashing along with the foam and the wind the wild rocks before her a fierce foe behind the far of the cannon was sounding from sea cave to its echoes on on tis for life or for death that she goes mid the of the wave and the fire of her foes they passed like a dream and when came a wreck floated near me that was the same the same gallant vessel now shattered and her stately mast broken her proud gone if such be a picture of life i exclaimed may my course be more gentle my spirit more tamed there are dangers enough on the voyage of life without the fierce tumult of envy and strife a chapel at not a thought nor let a sound be heard within the of that scene feeling is route and language hath no word meet for the memory of what hath been beneath that ancient roof whose old fixed in the massive rock all roughly descending thirteen stone steps we were in the place that was formerly the stable where the lay there is no of in this as the stables in the east are now often formed in the same way beneath the surface its present appearance is that of a as it is out of a rock the sides of which however are concealed by silk curtains the roof is as nature made it and the floor paved with fine marble a rich altar where the lamps burn is erected over the place christ was bom and the very spot is marked by a large silver star the glory of marble and around the silver star has a latin inscription in this spot christ was bom of the virgin mary alone in the stillness of evening in this scene what memories steal upon the thoughts what immortal hopes bat for the event in this simple and rock how dark would have been our way how despairing its close chapel at hem suit better with that spot than lamps of gold or marble floor with costly incense strewn breathe not a thought not even the voice of prayer deep though it be and fervent as sincere should break the solemn stillness of the air or wake the faintest echo here prayer may be silent cease not then to pray but gaze and with awe profound behold the spot where thy lay i where wise	41
men bowed their heads and knelt around there bent the lowly matron o er her child human alike in suffering and in love her simple faith all anxious fear bearing her spirit every care above no page hath record that a natural pride rose with prophetic triumph to her brow softly she pressed her infant to her side a mother s feeling all she seemed to know save that she trusted that was human too for still we trust though rarely trust in heaven a faith more firm and steadfast mary knew an angel s voice that confidence had given chapel at and shall we doubt when he who there in the low like a peasant s child bursting the bonds of earth ascended where the father s glory on the son had smiled cease then that posture kneel no more tis common ground whereon thou now heaven has d its everlasting door around the king of glory angels bow tis done the sacrifice is all complete the message of his father s love is given bow then but only at thy s feet and only with thy face toward heaven j friend op my youth of my youth we oft have together at early dawn sporting through many an hour of sunny weather o er field and lawn light was thy step when in thy beauty with grace thou pleasant of thy duty first in the chase bright eyes were there to gaze upon thy and words of praise from rosy lips whose very breath was sweetness in thy young days where are they now those happy friends admiring that sport and thee am i the only one unchanged thy friend to be of my youth they re gone again o er many a meadow with hawk and hound tracing in joyous mood the wild bird s shadow o er the same ground they re gone and thou and i are left together our truth to try but heed them not we have the same bright weather the same blue sky heed not the echo of the wild o er yonder hill nor start tis but the leaves and dancing rest and be still rest for thy day of youthful sport is over why then if when no more through woods and fields a such rest be thine if when thy bounding step would soon be weary thy strength would fail i call thee here to comfort and to cheer thee in this green if when old age has laid his icy finger upon thy breast of mt youth and neglected and alone might t linger behind the rest i bid thee come in tones as kind as ever close to my side and hold thee with a love no time can er art thou not grateful for my fond caressing friend of my youth tes in thine eye there is a look expressing deep feeling s truth friend of my youth the day may soon be coming when i shall be weary and lone and all unfit for and left like thee will then some faithful heart to mine united in life s first stage keep the fond memory of the love we warm in old age of how beautiful the cheek of youth when virtue its bloom i and lovely is the lip of truth whence tones of kindness come but if with these illustrious birth a house and name have given to both a nobler worth and made their glory fame with mingled pleasure and surprise the picture bright we see and thus our fond admiring eyes fair princess turn to thee they turn but ere the picture fair in all its bloom appears a a cloud is there a mist of gathering tears a of one fatal hour thy doom has sealed though sheltered near a throne one word thy grief has all revealed a woman and alone yet fear not thou the tempest shock thy gentle spirit bears a faith as the rock a rest from all thy cares then weep for natural tears must start and tenderest grief must flow but bind that to thy heart need its solace now about a month after the of her august husband the visited the palace of the and desired to be left alone in the private apartments of the duke in the after having been there half an hour the of her mother who had accompanied her to the hearing her heart sobs entered the apartment she found the leaning upon the desk where the duke used to write embracing it and bathing it with her tears i i i ii i j q the governor s house philadelphia vain task is his child of the art his skill to teach his genius to impart to others eyes th ethereal light to give which makes his own breathe and live see where he points to some familiar spot the but understands it not no wondering come to peer and see more than folly in that curious plan see more than labour in all that mystery of light and shade what boots it thus they murmur as they gaze to waste the sunshine of life s golden days why wandering toiling still though pleasure calls and luxury thee to her idle halls where thoughts of bliss like one continuous with dreamy rapture thy soft hours may fill and is this life to waste in dreams away shut in from sunshine from the day thb s b in gay saloon or stately hall where richest marble decks the wall say is this life for not the alone lives in a world to nature scarcely known thousands on thousands throng our peopled ways with voices never taught to sing her praise nor eyes to see her beauty life to them is one long strife the downward tide to stem of ever threatening ever	41
grinding loss of the world s esteem or s tell us ye sons of of commerce tell live ye for this alone to buy and sell to count the profits of each passing day then sleep and dream how much remains to pay oh not the thus nor hold t at such is life a weary thirst for gold i toil without rest and never ending strife for that which brings no joy can such be life t no look into the human soul and see its vacant room where glorious thoughts should thoughts of the beautiful the just the true fresh as the when summer skies are blue endless full of new delight for ever rising never at their height ft were gently sunshine smiled on sea and land while the tide was flowing far upon the sparkling sand restless feet were seen to wander to and fro along that shore tones were heard both deep and tender hopes and memories counting o there were thoughts of rapture turning to one hour of promised joy and a mother s heart was yearning fondly for her sailor boy yet there passed a cloud of sadness sometimes o er that sunny scene while the tone of gladness sunk as if it ne er had been home mother said a voice of sorrow he may come with wealth and fame he may come perchance to morrow but will he return the same then the mother s voice too faltered yet she smiled and strove to say summer birds come back singing still the self same lay thus they mused while each was glimpses of a distant sail more and more intently watching trembling lest their hope should fail no the welcome shout is sounding see the flag is floating wide while the gallant bark is bounding swiftly o er the sweeping tide now she comes and now retreating still she sports with wind and wave still the hour of meeting though the well known wave who is he whose step advancing foremost on the vessel s with his eagle eye is glancing while the foam beats on his brow once that check was bright with beauty and that brow was free from stain many a night of anxious duty has the sailor known since then many a cloud has burst above him many a storm has left its trace since the faithful hearts that love him felt his long his last embrace is he changed his locks of once in golden grew t once with youthful step of like a mountain deer he flew is he changed he sees his mother who that bounding step shall tame to his home the son the brother tried and true returns the same c m a of thou art fearful in thy form thy touch how cold to youth and manhood warm thy voice how stern when children clasp their when grief behold the loved yes thou art fearful though but one should stand to hold with weeping faith the clay cold hand fearful when fell disease has worked its will and lingering pain the hour to kill even then we shrink before thy withering eye and cry destroying angel pass thou by on the th of july the duke of intending to join the then at for the benefit of her health entered his carriage at noon for the purpose of proceeding to to take of his august parents on the road the horses became and the prince attempting to stand up was thrown out of the carriage medical aid was vain in the course of the afternoon he died in the arms of his king and father who at the last moment pressed his lips on the forehead of his lost child by the tears of his afflicted mother and the sobs and of the whole of his family but oh when thousand ties unite in one father and husband and prince of a royal line thy nation s pride idol of those who never left thy side in the full bloom of manhood and of health glorious in rich in nature s when death to thee his awful summons ht who would not then a day an hour have bought t bought even with tears to thy doom and smooth thy passage to the dreary tomb but no thy form a lifeless ruin lay and they who mourned thee most could only weep and pray mi n r who will me of mine enemy hath ever been the human sufferer s cry who will hath justice lost her sway shall weak men rule and noble hearts obey who will shall innocence borne down sink in the dust while guilt a crown f who will shall rank oppression reign and none the invaded rights of man maintain shall gorgeous pride in borrowed gold and injured merit bear her wrongs will none fear not he comes he comes the great even within our homes around our hearth ho waves his wing of care and the ashes ever there he comes the faintest shadow tells his tread mid golden hair one single silvery thread one line scarce touched upon the youthful brow one faded rose where crimson used to glow he comes with purple and evening s cloud with spring s pale flowers and winter s paler he comes with upon the tall he comes with moss along the stately wall and scattering dust upon the marble pure plants there his footstep silent and secure time will at last the uplifted arm bring down time will off the tyrant s borrowed crown time will the feeble s cries and force hot tears from eyes wait but a year a month perchance a day and those who at other s prayers will pray wait till to morrow s sun is in the	41
sky and he who laughed at death himself may die thus at thy foot thou giant mountain gray in cave of horror hid from light of day condemned by laws to die woke the faint moan of helpless infancy and things whose very asked more of woman s lo e to guide and bless were cast away like common weeds too by the which had given them life who shall behold the very hands which these flowers from out the household bands o ei outstretched and powerless by the warrior s side in vain would his s tide immortal well hath sped thy call for time s true vengeance dealt alike to all where art thou from the s lonely cell comes forth this mournful answer none can tell save by the record history bears of thee nurse of the brave and city of the free i immortal twas no common doom which left not for thy fallen pride a tomb twas not the withering wing of time which shed the dust of ages o er thine honoured head but hands came and strangers tore thy very pavement from each floor and bore in triumph to the neighbouring hill the scattered fragments at their wanton will there a another yet the same and called thy ruins by a different name but time rolls on and o er the brow of old many a winter s snow hath fallen deep and summer s heat hath sent the swollen torrent down in swift descent time the comes at last and lo ruin of ruins too lies low that stood on high s lord and wasted by the sword devoured by fire where might have spared thus time s true vengeance all alike have shared e village in can this be real i have dreamed a thousand times of such a scene its very light and shade has seemed as bright as deep as far between can this be real i have gone up step by step to such a height the path alone and gazing round with wild delight can this be real i have seen around me many a roof crowned hill when pictured in my dream has been that shadowy distance soft and still these village crowned peaks are called both here and in the neighbouring of or appearances in the air they are usually chosen as the site of greek and sometimes ascended by a basket let down with in which the visitor is drawn up village in o blessed art which thus can give by tints to nature s self how true the forms of fancy s realm to live before our wondering view thus scarce a page on memory s book but time hath swept the record o er yet thou make the future look as bright as real as before tis said thine is a power a magic art a false design but far more lasting than the flower are all those lovely tints of and let the constant bosom strive with fate and friends tis in our pictures that we live and there alone we live unchanged d i the of tee french are who laugh to hear of truth told by a human face who hold that vice with purpose vile can smile with virtue s grace who say that clear look where generous feeling dwells may beam as well when selfishness its tale of falsehood tells surely that soft look of thine thou fair and gentle queen might shake the s doubt and make him trust again the queen of the french was the daughter of that king of who was driven from his continental by the french and took refuge with his court and family in here the king louis then poor and in exile married her and match is understood to be one of affection on both and never has true affection been better rewarded the queen of the for how thou have dwelt beneath a mean roof with such an air and such a mien thy title s proof nor these alone but still a heart by nature taught to seek the bold adventurer s lot and share his troubled thought to own him for a prince and lord when in the world alone he scarcely held a spot of earth or called a roof his own and well thy title hast thou won to share his splendour now to wear the wreath of upon thine honoured brow but deeper still to woman s heart and far to feel thou hast a charmed life to guard alike in wo and for oil has woke the thought and oft has sped the ball the queen of the yet heaven has kept that royal breast secure and safe from all and still thy love that aim would gently turn away and still thy prayers his life would shield then cease thou not to pray the castle of on the shine tell to the winds thy tale thou castle stern and strong tell to the in the singing their happy song tell to the silent that past thee sail the and of abound in romantic winding through steep hills that form the majestic of the in these deep however the lasting happiness which the classes enjoy while all traces of the more elevated have fallen away or become extinct is most strikingly the happy cottage that a cheerful to the valley is still by a race happy humble and perhaps thoughtless eveiy thing around them is probably unchanged during centuries of time while the towers of prince are empty d by the breeze and giving back only sounds as hollow as the which its brave owner so pursued till he met his death in the battle of the th castle of tell the waters rippling as they flow thy mournful story of ancient glory what pomp what power it once was thine to know	41
tell of thy hosts with trumpet sound tell of thy cheer tell of thy foes that thee round thy far and near tell of thy fearfully profound for such thy boast was in the thy wreath of glory thou castle was that which thee in thine early prime tell of the change that time has wrought the dust upon thy walls tell of the echo tempest taught thy halls tell how the outcast from the world has sought a home amidst thy ruins vast and lone while the wolf dog only wild and lonely guarded thy chambers with his piteous and the laughing peasant will answer thee as he the wreath the of castle of pride the penalty paid by pride is death the too will rest his oar to see the desolation of thy slow decay then dashing away the silver spray will glide again upon his watery way and none shall pity thou ancient pile the fate that falls on thee for the valleys are bright with their summer smile and merry with songs of glee and nature still as fruitful and as free as in the yet with of fairest flowers shall still bloom on when thy last sun has set a hour of hour of joy how that hour will glide away hark to the dance how sweetly the merry play then bind her brow with roses less brilliant in their hue than the cheek where health and smiles are ever new and let the diamond amongst her shining hair hark to the dancers listen her step will soon be there but watch that step returning and watch that weary eye when the lamps are dimly burning and daylight the sky one of joy and ask her on the morrow what thoughts her breast employ whether an age of sorrow or one short hour of joy tt there is no human mind however dull there is no human heart however but hath some vision of the beautiful some dream of paradise perchance and ever as the weary hours drag on and we grow tired of tumult and of strife we seek some pleasant shore to rest upon far from the dull realities of life but not the in his happiest flight when fancy borne to many a distant land could find a spot of earth more sunny bright than that fair on s strand for there the olive poured her richest oil the peaceful shepherd guarded well his flock the land repaid the peasant s toil and the glad vine hung o er the rock nor these alone but as one christian band the old inhabitants of dwelt bound by one hope united hand to hand at the same shrine with blended prayers they knelt nor could the tyrant the fire that burned within their bold and true envious he watched them and with dire around their walls armies drew the little and once independent district of is said to have been for the space of twenty years the of envy and hostility to the ambitious who hated it the more that the compassionate citizens of had so often opened their gates to escaping from the oppression of his tyranny amongst the different which took place between the french the english and the when the islands were to the english the who had ever been remarkable as holding themselves distinct from the robbers and by whom they were surrounded gladly embraced the opportunity of placing themselves under the protection of the british flag little suspecting that they were afterwards to be sold t their old and bitter enemy the on refusing to remain in their native town this disgraceful transaction had placed them in the power of so a foe they were offered an asylum in the island of and were when the british arrived to convey them thither the bones of their ancestors and burning them on one vast funeral pile after which melancholy they slowly descended to the shore some bearing the ashes of their dead and others grasping portions of that soil which had ever been so dear to their hearts but nothing moved firm and free those children of the rock bound drove back the by land and sea their tale of insult and defeat to tell years pass and such this world s strife the chance of war the triumph of the strong that nations traffic in the sale of life and s lands to distant powers belong to whom to england was there not a thrill ran through each bosom at the word england the claims of justice would fulfil and guard their den with her flaming sword fearless they hail her flag upon their seas a generous foe perchance a generous friend but something whispers in the passing breeze that all too soon this flattering hope must end too soon alas i the guilty tale is told from hearth to hearth the cruel tidings fly england that blooming paradise has sold to the fierce and now may die yes die for desolation among the silence of her lately peopled streets a not one remains of all that throng nor youth nor age the living nor dead for ere they leave that spot one sacred duty claims the general care the lost who the loved are they forgot shall they be left alone there no let the grave give up those relics dear raise higher yet the vast pile behold what love is in the burning tear that the silent s eye the while tis the last and all is finished now let the his will a melancholy band and drooping low they pass descending from the vine clad hill never again to taste the oil or wine of that rich land or pluck its early flowers never again when summer may shine to meet rejoicing in its blooming onward they pass but stooping to the earth	41
ere yet their feet have touched the crystal waves they kiss the joyous land that gave them birth the land that should have given them peaceful graves self o er the waters wide they go turning with many a farewell look to see how the proud banner of the foe waves on their walls and above the sea self far away they seek their home what they where in distant woods or the world is wide and er they they are not now they never could be slaves i s family and the child grew oh could we know the rest i the secrets locked in that maternal breast how those pure eyes first gazed upon the light what objects met that gaze the fair the bright when first appeared upon his beaming face mysterious beauty touched with heavenly grace how the first ray of wisdom from above shone o er that brow where all was peace and love how round the infant s bed angels kept watch beside his head how the faint murmur of his gentle voice grew into language when his earliest choice was made the evil and the good how one so pure things evil understood of women mary mother say how fell the light upon his early way how burst the truth by inspiration taught from his young lips ere yet by thought i s holy family strange idle questioning the far off past hath buried all that was not meant to last yet lives there not within the sacred page enough the heart s deep interest to engage strange contradiction thirst to know the unknown neglect of that which has been clearly shown skilled in the lore of non essential things deaf to the wisdom that salvation brings we build ourselves a pathway to the skies for ever learning and yet never wise the snowy earth thou hast thy mighty like the ocean when at war save that on thy snowy pillows silence wide and far who can think without emotion of that day s strife when thy waves in wild commotion lashed the shores of life when there was no ear to hear them scattering thunder where they fell and no human heart to fear them eye to watch or tongue to tell lonely in their giant raging lonely for there was no soul s thb snowy hills world of matter fiercely mighty war from pole to pole hark a voice is on the mountain see a spirit walks the deep rush of matter cease thy fountain waves of earth be still and sleep on the hills of chaos heaving instant as the lightning s flame sped that voice the the same hence the rock suspended hence the chasm yawning wide elements opposed yet blended side by side not as man s frail power had mixed them side by side and still god alone could thus have fixed them by one effort of his will beauty o er the whole victorious conquering forms of clay valley green and mountain distance melting far away the snowy hills floods of light and splendour pouring o er the vast and varied scene who can gaze without where the steps of god have been early love s early dream has music in the tale it loves to tell love s early dream has roses where it delights to dwell it has beauty in its landscape and in its trees by a passing cloud by a breeze love s early dream has moonlight upon its crystal lake where stormy tempest never blows nor angry break it has splendour in its sunshine and freshness in its dew and all its scenes of happiness are beautiful and true love s early dream has kindness in every look and tone love s love s early dream has tenderness for one and one alone it has melody of language and harmony of thought and knows no sound of by science taught oh early dream of happiness where is thy waking bliss what brings thy golden promises to such a world as this perchance thou art some shadow of that which is to come the fluttering of an angel s wings to lead the wanderer home the castle of on the lonely in his highest tower where the setting play musing through the twilight hour a warrior stern and gray two castles nearly opposite each other lodged two opposing chiefs between whom a mortal arose and recorded by the then given to their rocky of cat and mouse the mouse however is considerably superior in extent and military strength to iu rival sir von a saint and a soldier had acquired such an by the severity of his government that many plots were laid against his life by his rebellious subjects on one occasion he was suddenly surrounded by a band of who lay in to him but he cut his way through their ranks when the of his his on another finding his castle he leaped from his chamber window to the of the outer wall the and escaped it was after this last incident that he fortified and retiring within its massive walls there calmly closed his life the castle of thoughts were in his bosom then troubled thoughts of blood and thoughts of dead and dying men of his past and present life deeds of vengeance dared and done battle fierce and wild race of slaughter soon begun these had marked him from a child who shall still the tempest now raging in the warrior s soul who shall calm his rugged brow and his troubled thoughts control hark it is the evening bell echoing through the mountain hark it is the rippling swell where the laden sail silence follows deep and still slower yet the glide silence on the shadowy hill silence on the silvery tide silence where the village hum	41
lately swelled upon the breeze the castle of all is hushed and scarcely come from the leafy trees all is hushed yet from afar even that very silence speaks louder than the din of war on the listening ear it breaks man of blood thy race is run cruel race of war and strife is the battle lost or won hast thou conquered death or life i lay thy shining down let the be on thy blade thou must win a crown ere thy peace with heaven is made man of blood the evening close o er thy shadowy way hasten then to seek repose kneel upon thy grave and pray happy oh happy were the days the gleaming days of old when the sun s rays shone o er the fields of gold when the merry harvest laughed beneath the s smile and the foaming bowl was to cheer his heart the while and childhood gathered flowers while the maiden s song told how the sunny hours so lightly danced along and we were and gay sweet sister of my youth how have they passed away those days of love and truth what have they left behind but the brow of age days but thoughts perchance less kind and that none would we not give the gold the fame that years have bought for the days of old and the happy dreams they brought the orphan gentle lady good and happy hear my simple tale i pray tis the sad sad truth i tell you send us not so soon away tis a tale of sin and sorrow harder hearts than yours to melt may your children gentle lady never feel what we have felt us not nor call us idle true we have no task to do but how gladly would we labour might we only work for you once we had a home of plenty once we knew a father s care once a mother s fond affection breathed for us the nightly prayer i s the now we wander lost and lonely over many a weary mile gloomy night comes gathering round us but we find no mother s smile once our name was not the meanest cheerful toil and wholesome fare made my father proud and happy soothed my mother s daily care forward then were all to serve us friends were true and neighbours kind little did we then believe them as the changing wind near our dwelling a garden rich with fruit and gay with flowers from our window we could listen to the birds among the there were spreading all around us streets and houses wide and new last of all the ground was purchased where this lovely garden grew stately walls then rose beside us windows like some palace gay th folding doors that gently opened tempting all who passed to stay go not near that house my children our father gravely said tis no place for you to enter want and shame that threshold tread yet he spoke of lofty gilded lamps and spacious halls often spoke as if he lingered all too near those stately walls then there came a gloomy winter trade was bad and wages low dark december rains were falling over heaps of melting snow one sad evening never never can that evening be forgot something came across our father anger grief we knew not what but he spoke oh how and our gentle mother too answered with unwonted till a fearful conflict grew the all the words they said were idle but they answered louder higher and tl e tone the look the manner made them seem like words of fire last of all my father left us fiercely flinging back the door while my mother broken hearted wept till she could weep no more morning came we knew not whether he returned at dead of night but we saw him strangely altered oh it was a fearful sight from that time his mind seemed wandering and his manly look was gone sometimes kind and sometimes constant to one vice alone constant to one guilty pleasure when those fatal doors were passed shame was conscience followed all our comforts went at last long my mother bore in silence loss of plenty loss of fame the om p han though sometimes the tinged her faded cheek with shame yet since that ill fated evenings from her lip we never heard tone of voice that seemed like anger or the least word gentle patient meek and lowly all her duties still were done though the joy that used to cheer them from her sinking soul was gone little did we know that sorrow had such deep and deadly power little dreamed her strength was failing failing faster hour by hour till one awful moment told as all the fatal truth at last to her restless bed she called us o er my brow ha fingers passed there were sighs and words so broken so fond and full of love and her smiles we ne er forgot them like aa angel s from above d a q the one last charge she laid upon us with a look and voice so kind never speak a word in passion never wound a feeling mind bear reproach for he who bore it bore injustice and death here she ceased her pulse was fluttering twas the strife of parting breath thus she passed and oh how lonely worse than lonely we were left i all too late our wretched father seemed of every hope sometimes frantic sometimes sullen weeping uke a child oftener to his haunts returning lost and reckless weak and wild thus he died we asked not whether by the public way he fell strangers brought him to our dwelling none the dreadful tale would tell thus kind lady thus we	41
wander over many a weary mile the i could work but little who would care for her the while t sweet the songs that she can sing you like the lark when first it wakes while her little heart seems lightened by the music that she makes would your daughters gentle lady hear my httle sister sing small the that we ask you hunger is a fearful thing may you never know how bitter sorrow is and want and shame gracious heaven has made you happy may it keep you still the same e thi homes of old the homes of old england i see them again the flowers on the meadow the flocks mi the plain the white gleaming among the green trees o who could be weary c pictures like these i see the green lawn with its border of i feel the cool shade of its work i hear the sweet music of and grove and are they not near me the friends whom i love t once more i behold the neat cottages too the windows where sunshine smiles through the so gay with the of spring the gardens of roses where summer birds sing the returning at night from his toil to sit by his fire and to see the sweet smile of more felt than express d that him back to the home of his rest the homes of old england f all these have i sigh d when far far away when soft was the moonlight and dazzling the when all things around me were changing and new to the homes of old england my thoughts were still true i ve been where the streams vith more silvery have woke the wild echoes of many a green where more lovely and more than fancy e er pictured have burst on my sight i ve been where the flowers were more brilliant in hue the skies more with and blue i ve been where the rocks were more bold and sublime but i wanted the sound of the evening bell s been where the air was more pure and more the breath of the morning more laden with i ve been where the sun in more glory has set but the homes of old england i ne er could forget e the idiot they say i am an idiot boy and surely they should know who mock me for my senseless joy my still more senseless wo they call the children from their play er we chance to meet they teach the village dogs to bay and track my wandering feet and some turn pale with foolish fear and look so stern and still my loud laugh to hear as if i meant them ill how should i wish or dare to laugh so loud and merrily if i had given them half the pain which they give me the idiot no mine is all a harmless joy by doubt or fear the poor neglected idiot boy has never caused a tear mine is a joy that leads me where no other go no other human step would dare to tread the paths i know there while the winds and waves at play hold wild and free i laugh and sing the hours away with none to mock my glee on the bold rock i sit and watch the golden sun go down or in my outstretched hand i catch the glory of his crown is it not joy to hear the roar and see the s foam to dance upon the sparkling shore and make the my home such is my joy to climb alone up to the brow i o o ths idiot of some old or stone with the dark waves below what is it guides me leads me on and points the path it is no wisdom of my own for none the idiot hath it is some power i know not where nor what that power can be tliat seems so like a father s care surrounding even me is it in earth or air or sky that all protecting hand in vain i look in vain i try that power to understand one thing have i learned to know though storms and roar it safely leads where er i go can wisdom teach me more lake glad scene rejoicing how we turn to thee f the old land the country of the free what though thy skies may not be always blue thy mountains tinged with heaven s ethereal hue thy lakes magnificent thy rocks sublime thou hast a beauty still unchanged by time nor gorgeous palace of the golden east nor pomp of ancient rome nor feast nor loud from melting that come lashed by their own wild fury into foam nor giant woods to waste run nor all the of a southern sun can the heart to turn from thee land of the just the noble and the free green are thy pastures happy land and green thy forest boughs that shade the scene and calm the mellow light of evening falls or slopes and peaceful cottage walls while the lake in the golden ray till softly fade those evening tints away lake o england let us love thee while we can thou nurse of all that most man turn not a deaf ear to thy people s cause but shield us still with just and equal laws thou art no favoured spot of genial earth thy beauty is thy moral worth when this shall fail thee with the power it gives the soul that in the lives shall fail him too and then a long adieu to all that made thee happy and true ths sons of jacob this toe found mysterious falsehood why was evil blended thus with heaven s own plan was there no way but this most artful lie	41
that in the semblance of fair truth began no other means to bring about that end whose glorious fruits to distant worlds extend oh majesty of power i high i incomprehensible to human thought great mystery of mysteries i never taught to those who sit in darkness here below when shall the dawning of that morning be when we shall dwell in light and look on thee ever ever learning how from man s foul deeds god s purest j d the in the the dismissed palace of gorgeous beauty rich in all that charms the eye or the sense in thy fair gardens sparkling fountains fall the dream of thy magnificence beside thy stately walls the crystal wave of the swift perpetual by while deeper yet s waters lave the region where thy southern boundaries lie this magnificent palace is inhabited by not less than six persons and the site upon it stands a space of four miles in filled with a gorgeous display of palaces gardens and groves laid oat by the and by their the principal entrance is by a lofty gate called or the high door giving rise to the phrase sublime the majestic edifice and fair as vast thy gates of splendour with green and gold thy pillars tall in giant beauty cast thy fretted roofs thy marble cold reflecting all those glowing tints again swept by the flowing robes of state where slowly pass the and his train and pace the palace guards with solemn gait majestic edifice thou hast a name to live amongst the nations sublime bold words to on the lists of fame and deeds as bold to tell to distant time but let not passing wonder fill the soul nor splendour till it the sight beside those walls what troubled waters roll what mental darkness sheds perpetual night i what treachery within those gardens fair where flattery breathes its lie where childhood s bounding step must still beware and woman live an abject slave or die i the can such be beside the gate there is a small deep rolls the wave and deep the tomb it holds for those who wait in that lone chamber gazing on their grave a tyrant s will for that alone is law the life spring in his victim s breast a passing thought the falling of a straw his doom the does the rest and the deep sea rolls on a swell a moment s ripple on the sparkling tide while the hoarse cannon speaks alone to tell another victim in that grave has died it is but too that strongly with all this ing and pomp and with all that can contribute to luxurious enjoyment is the small here alluded to situated at one of the gates of the where the favourite of yesterday is often placed to await the decision of a tyrant master s will and there he remains unconscious whether the next approaching step will be that of a messenger to him with new honours or an to his existence with the and then to plunge his body into the sea an event which is announced by the firing of a a solemn sound as it from the opposite shore queen elizabeth at make way the queen stand forth with spear and while cry and fly begin the dance and let the his for surely tis a glorious day to wake the poet s fire make way the queen advances fly fly with speed see with what grace and majesty she reins her wave higher yet the banner and wider still for by her side in pride rides s gallant earl and poet s lays proclaim his praise the favourite of the day queen elizabeth while round about mid laugh and shout the merry play and bow before and pages bend the knee and all confess his happiness lord of that i will not call thee happy queen of the prosperous reign i will not wish those golden days were ours to live again for under waving banner and under crest and under s glittering star was many an aching breast i will not call thee happy though thousands called thee fair and flattering tongues pronounced thee young when age had thy hair i will not call thee happy when beauty woke thy hate nor all the power of could make thee truly great i will not call thee happy though wonderful thy skill queen elizabeth to rule thy people wisely and bend them to thy will for one thing still was wanting a faithful heart and tried to love thee for alone without thy pride thus i call her happy who the now who feels the bliss of childhood s kiss upon a mother s brow and long may she be happy who lives that woman s life beneath the splendour of a crown a loved and honoured wife ut s my grandfather s chaise was a clumsy better fitted for safety than speed the horse it was drawn by though patient and slow he always advised to take heed and oh what a pull when he meant him to stop and oh what a dust we did raise yet still we were happy i hardly know why when we rode in my grandfather s chaise perhaps it might be that may were bright gay all on the wing green hedges adorned with the in bloom while song birds did cheerily sing perhaps it might be that the worthy old man did his best to instruct and to please and i often feel sorry to think how we tried to him and ht s chaise v perhaps it might be that ere were known when and were rough we were always contented to ride as we could and believed that we went fast enough and now i look back with a smile and a sigh to think of those primitive	41
bring us once more to where the lord was laid i teach us to realize that awful day i ever as we tread the ways of men to us that is closed again and darkness follows and a night of gloom which thou alone in mercy bring us then ever the s tomb in of spirit there to dwell till thou shalt break the silence of that prison with the glad tidings that the lord i risen from the nature s truth who say that thou die thou not die far thy noble ruins and majestic lie and scattering beauty o er the thy days of glory bring again thou not die while art shall live her touch of truth to give to forms of clay it was on the banks of the a river d d that is believed to have offered himself a voluntary sacrifice for his country on one bank there stood a temple to on the opposite the in whose groves taught that philosophy which for two thousand years was received and adopted throughout europe the reputation which this river of antiquity once enjoyed is by an on the of the the us thy noblest models best majestic work of lofty mind her triumph they shall breathe in marble pure and till beauty from the world of taste shall fade away thou not die i what human mind at once enlightened and but loves thee yet nor while thine own flows where walked the sage at evening s close can we forget how many a lofty thought we owe to those who watched its waters flow thou not die proud looks o er thy bay and points to such a scene as this with ruins gray to tell how glorious was the past which ruined thus can live and last nothing can die which e er has known a power like thine we muse upon the stone s the u and deem thy days of glory gone no more to shine but let the tempest crush thy pride and columns side by side neglected lie far o er the distant world of mind thy spirit thou not die m ij g the author of the pleasures of hope poet of the charmed lay singing oft in numbers sweet let a lowly lay one poor at thy feet thou hast struck a golden thou hast touched a lofty theme scarce could happier words inspire music in an dream hope that dove that dwells brooding o er this troubled scene breathes along thy verse and tells where the spots of earth are green not the song of summer bird not the fountain s liquid flow ir ths plea of i not the bell when heard stealing on the breezes low not the well known call not the welcome voice of home on the ear more sweetly fall with more genuine music come we who listening to thy strain felt the of thrill we would ask thy touch again o er those to wander still we who loved thy charmed page in the days of early youth we would ask in age words of deeper truth we would ask thy hovering dove waving still her wing from the of light and love drops of purer to bring tossed upon a stormy sea we would ask that heavenly hope on us and thee yet to shed its evening light the rome and of art m of sublime and beautiful was that bold thought scarce heathen in its origin which brought all deity within one temple and light and beauty o er that temple cast yet were they heathen days of ancient rome when rose from earth this proud majestic dome the of rome is without doubt the most perfect specimen of ancient art in existence the most magnificent evidence of the refinement of that nation which time has spared to posterity the greatest artist of modem ages begged that no other tomb might be placed above his remains than the of the the monument is suited to the man the rome to all the gods a consecrated pile frown not ye more enlightened ones nor smile to all the gods one temple not to us children of light tis given to worship thus we own and bless a revelation brought direct from heaven by god s own spirit taught and learning thus to the eternal name as one in power in providence the same we boast a union in our christian rule unknown to of that dark school unlike the heathen we but one supreme in majesty sublime alone yet many temples we require for all who bless his name and on his mercy unlike the heathen in our righteous pride we cannot dare not worship side by side tee place that wreath of snowy whiteness o er the maiden s brow youth is there with all its brightness beaming now wealth has laid his golden treasure at the maiden s feet friends are whispering tales of pleasure soft and sweet hope has told her favourite story to the maiden s ear love has dipped his wings in glory why that tear hark she hears her mother singing at her father s door where her own sweet flowers are springing hers no more the hers do more that home of gladness where her childhood grew where the hours that knew no sadness swiftly flew where the chain of love not one fragment gone brothers sisters all linked in one who shall say what fate impending maiden may be thine when those arms no more round thee take thy robe of splendour and thy jewels gay but those friends so kind and tender where are they where are those who well might greet thee happier than before t tried and trusted they shall meet never more m he ii s home the s home	41

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