q_id
stringlengths 5
6
| title
stringlengths 3
296
| selftext
stringlengths 0
34k
| document
stringclasses 1
value | subreddit
stringclasses 1
value | url
stringlengths 4
110
| answers
dict | title_urls
list | selftext_urls
list | answers_urls
list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7p84j7
|
what is the digital dark age?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7p84j7/eli5_what_is_the_digital_dark_age/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dsf78xi"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Well, historically the dark ages described a time of social/economic/industrial collapse. The term \"dark age\" refers to a period of time in lack of something vital. So a digital dark age would denote a period of time lacking digital influences EG technology. A digital dark age could be any time prior to the birth of modern electronics, or a time in the future where something instigates a total collapse of our access to technology. Imagine no internet, no cellphones, no computers, no modern day technology at all since you can't really have one without the other."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
2ikwwv
|
how much of what's portrayed on shows like "house of cards" and "scandal" actually happens in government?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ikwwv/eli5how_much_of_whats_portrayed_on_shows_like/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cl31z7i"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"My exgf father hates the show he says its so unrealistic and nobody talks like that. He should know he worked for the carter administration in the whitehouse. That was 40 years ago so possibly his experience is dated. \n\nBut that shit does happen, just not to all the same characters, more so its a combination of dozens of characters/scenarios all in one person. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
260f53
|
eli: why are sales taxes only enforced when shopping stores and online?
|
Why do we pay sales tax in stores but aren't obligated to pay those same taxes if we pay a buddy say $5,000 for a car?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/260f53/eli_why_are_sales_taxes_only_enforced_when/
|
{
"a_id": [
"chmgdaw"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"You are.\n\nYou are supposed to write the person a receipt, which they then show while registering the vehicle, and then pay the tax there in order to have ownership transferred to them."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
20ihdt
|
how do striated muscle cells work?
|
There are so many explanations that are way over my level of understanding. If anyone cares to answer, please, ELI5.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/20ihdt/eli5_how_do_striated_muscle_cells_work/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cg3jld5"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The basic action of any muscle is contraction. For example, when you think about moving your arm using your biceps muscle, your brain sends a signal down a nerve cell telling your biceps muscle to contract. The amount of force that the muscle creates varies -- the muscle can contract a little or a lot depending on the size of the signal that the nerve sends. \nA muscle is not just one mass, but a bundle of many cells, each called fibers. You can think of muscle fibers as long cylinders, and compared to other cells in your body, muscle fibers are quite big. Imagine a load of drinking straws all held together in parallel and you've got a rough idea of their shape.\n\nA muscle fiber contains many myofibrils, which are cylinders of muscle proteins. These proteins allow a muscle cell to contract. Myofibrils contain two types of filaments that run along the long axis of the fiber, and these filaments are arranged in hexagonal patterns. There are thick and thin filaments. Each thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments.\n\nThe thick and thin filaments do the actual work of a muscle, and the way they do this is pretty cool. Thick filaments are made of a protein called myosin. At the molecular level, a thick filament is a shaft of myosin molecules arranged in a cylinder. Thin filaments are made of another protein called actin. The thin filaments look like two strands of pearls twisted around each other.\n\nDuring contraction, the myosin thick filaments grab on to the actin thin filaments by forming crossbridges. The thick filaments pull the thin filaments past them, making the sarcomere shorter. In a muscle fiber, the signal for contraction is synchronized over the entire fiber so that all of the myofibrils that make up the sarcomere shorten simultaneously. This motion is a kind of climbing action at the myosin \"heads\" climb up the actin rope. It is this which allows us to contract the muscle.\n\nHope this helps!"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
42y26a
|
what could the church possibly gain from not punishing sex offenders in the clergy?
|
I know this is a loaded question, and to keep things as neutral as possible I don't want to imply whether or not the Church as a whole is actually doing these things. But when people accuse the popes of ignoring sex abuse, what could the pope's motives be? I get hiding it would preserve the honor of the Church, but why can't they at the very least do something other than move them around to where they can continue their abuse?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/42y26a/eli5_what_could_the_church_possibly_gain_from_not/
|
{
"a_id": [
"czdxohq",
"czdxwbd"
],
"score": [
6,
4
],
"text": [
"It's not about not *punishing* them. It's about covering it all up. If you punish people you're pretty much hanging a sign up saying \"Hey look what these guys did! Under our watch!\" ",
"There's a group at school of \"The cool kidz\". (TCK)\n\nMostly everyone at school thinks highly of TCK, they never get in trouble and are friendly to mostly everyone. \n\nBehind closed doors, one of TCK (we'll call him Randall) does some really fucked up shit, thinking that nobody will find out. \n\nWell word gets out of Randall's actions. The good name of TCK is damaged!\n\nDo TCK acknowledge Randall's actions? Or do they try to cover it up in order to maintain the good name of TCK?\n\nAcknowledging it, and punishing Randall, would admit that the group is not perfect, tarnishing their good natured appearance. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
5uhdbn
|
why do heaps of birds swarm past my house at 6am then again at sunset?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5uhdbn/eli5_why_do_heaps_of_birds_swarm_past_my_house_at/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ddtzu6h",
"ddtzuzb"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Sterlings flock in the morning when they are going to feed and in the evening when they are coming back from feeding. They make this giant beautiful structures because its much safer for them, they gather in this great numbers so the birds of pray couldn't pick one and focus on it, it's very disorienting. The flocks can be giant, up to tens if not hundreds of thousands big, there are some beautiful videos on youtube showing flocks in England, Europe and Africa.",
"many different types of birds sleep overnight in the same area. this has a variety of benefits, including predator evasion, foraging, warmth, etc.... \n\nbut they then all wake up in the morning and fly off to get food for the day, and once the sun sets they return to the communal roost.\n\nafter a week or so they'll probably move on to the next area and you wont see as many.\n\nI'm guessing you live relatively near a park or somewhere that has a decent food supply for them"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
59ae0z
|
why are vegans allowed to eat honey?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/59ae0z/eli5_why_are_vegans_allowed_to_eat_honey/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d96v0ds",
"d96vkvc"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Opinions differ and basically people are allowed to eat whatever they want. Some people call themselves Vegetarians and still eat fish. For vegans there are several \"fringe\" cases, where it could be argued that eating this or that actually makes you a vegetarian.",
"It's not like there is a rule book of being a vegan. You can do whatever you want. You could eat a steak on your birthday. No one can excommunicate you, we aren't the Catholics."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
76kw96
|
if the sun stopped producing more heat how long would it take to dissipate the heat it currently has and how would that effect earth?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/76kw96/eli5_if_the_sun_stopped_producing_more_heat_how/
|
{
"a_id": [
"doeqkd8",
"doeu08l"
],
"score": [
5,
3
],
"text": [
"We'd be screwed. The energy output of the Sun is very stable, and even small disturbances in that have major effects on Earth.\n\nIt would take a VERY long time to cool, though. White dwarfs take billions upon billions of years to cool. In fact, we think the earliest (oldest) white dwarfs in the universe *still* are a few thousand degrees hot. The age of the universe hasn't been long enough to cool down. But *way* before it gets that cold, it'd already be cold enough to mess up the Earth.\n\n",
"There's a paper written on this Theory somewhere essentially if the sun were to just be gone we'd lose most of the light and our orbit (there would still be light from things like the other stars so technically it wouldn't be purely lightness)\n\nThe short answer is by the end of the first year plant and animal life on the surface would be coming to an end, and our atmosphere would start to freeze. The ocean would freeze for miles but the non light dependent depths wouldn't be much effected requiring neither light or heat from the sun to thrive. After the end of the second or third years or atmosphere would have frozen and the elements falling to the surface.\n\nIt is possible if you could resupply your oxygen, and found an area with in the earth do enough to have it be your heat source (earth does generate heat) you could survive if you could get a food source (the theory here is harvesting water and oxygen from earth's surface and taking it underground) this is of course Theory, chances are humans are just going to die.\n\nThat said or ocean would still contain life, and if our planet found itself orbiting another star, it's possible that it could thaw the planet, and if it's orbiting in the habitable zone, life could go through the stages of evolution again.\n\nAnd while all of it seems like very big if's, the biggest if of all, it's the sun just going away on the first place, short of the end of its 5 billion year life expectancy remaining which will destroy earth anyways (not that it's predicted life will last that long)\n\nEdit : while not the paper I was talking about (can't find link) there is a short story about this event called \"A pale full of air\""
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
4rhayk
|
why is there a galileo's plaque and some lego minifigures on the juno spacecraft, when nasa plans to crash the whole thing into jupiter at the end of the mission?
|
I mean, couldn't they add more science stuff or save on fuel/money if those things weren't on board?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4rhayk/eli5_why_is_there_a_galileos_plaque_and_some_lego/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d514chs",
"d514qm2",
"d515oqm"
],
"score": [
7,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Well, the plaque only weighs like six grams, so it's *super* light; light enough to have nearly zero impact on anything.\n\nAs for why? It's symbolic and done out of honor. The people that designed it felt it was appropriate, so they attached the plaque, added some cute little decorations, and launched it into space. ",
"Eh, just done out of honour and respect I suppose, it's a small sculpture so it isn't a big deal\n\nAnd possibly a momento for future civilisations to possibly find, I know we have sent some things out into space for other life forms to find",
"Legos are nearly indestructible to man.\n\nHave you ever stepped on one?!\n\nI'm joking Mr. robot master.\n\nLike others say, it's symbolic. We're sending us into space without personally being there ourselves.\n\nThe end result is irrelevant. It's the journey right?"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
7r4kif
|
what do astronomers use as a reference when plotting stars or other celestial bodies? do they use a traditional x y z system? do they take the earth as an origin?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7r4kif/eli5_what_do_astronomers_use_as_a_reference_when/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dsu8opj"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"They essentially use latitude and longitude of the earth, except with the longitude set in a way that's not rotating. The latitude bit is called declination, and the longitude bit is right ascension. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
340bbd
|
why does paper make such loud noises when i rip it?
|
Sitting in the office unpacking my breakfast from the bakery and it's just loud as hell..
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/340bbd/eli5why_does_paper_make_such_loud_noises_when_i/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cqq1z5v"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"It is made up of a lot of strands with their own tension, when you rip paper you are breaking a lot of strands at once. Its like a rapid fire popping sound of that tension being released."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
48g559
|
the differences between cisc and risc architecture
|
[TITLE]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/48g559/eli5_the_differences_between_cisc_and_risc/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d0k6egh"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Apologies for the length of this response but I had my head fairly deep in this stuff as a very interested observer at the time it was going on. I hope reading it makes you feel better at least half as much as I've enjoyed writing this.\n\n & nbsp;\n\n\nRISC is (IMHO) usefully viewed as not a type of computer architecture but as a point in history when computer design made a distinct shift in the design approach.\n\nThe differences are based on complex and interacting ideas and it is misleading to characterise RISC and CISC as simply fewer & faster or more & powerful instructions in the instruction set.\n\nCISC, meaning Complex Instruction Set Computer was coined to contrast with RISC to describe the majority of computer processor designs when RISC was a novelty. What we now call CISC processors weren't so called until they needed to be differentiated from the new RISC designs.\n\nA useful classification would be Pre-RISC and post-RISC. Where the Acorn ARM, Berkley RISC, Stanford MIPS, IBM ROMP, SUN Sparc, and Motorola 88000 form a scatter chart around this point of inflection. \n\nOne theme of pre-RISC design was \"closing the semantic gap\", that is make the CPU do things that programming languages try to do. E.g. multiplication, call a subroutine including passing parameters in one instruction. Pre-RISC processors also tried to be directly compatible with previous designs so that they could directly execute the instructions, and hence programs written for earlier processors. These processors had a lot of instructions and decoding and executing these instructions became increasing complex as things like instruction lengths and resources accessed became so varied.\n\nThese features make implementing the instruction sets of more complex pre-RISC processors very difficult unless you use a method called *microcode* to execute instructions. Executing an instruction involves converting the (e.g. 8 bit) bit pattern of the instruction code into more complex control signals that control the different parts of the CPU. Some early simpler processor designs used random logic circuits to do this. Later designs used *microcode* where an instruction code selected a stored sequence of bit patterns that are the complex control signals that control the different parts of the CPU.\n\nMany people questioned this approach to computer design and came up with fresh ideas.\n\nOne of these was *have the simple instructions you use most go really fast and then implement the fancy less common instructions using several of the simple instructions*.\n\nA second idea was to have the instructions very limited in their format, what they did and what resources they access. Instructions that accessed external memory only loaded or stored register contents. Instructions that did operations only did this with registers (e.g. no instructions that add an external memory contents to an internal register.) This discipline made the timing and decoding of instructions simpler, and it made it practical to decode the instructions using a simple structure called a PLA.\n\n(N.B. the next paragraph depends on an IIRC factor of nearly two decades.) \n I won't explain the difference between a PLA and microcode but the practicalities go like this. You can implement a RISC processor instruction decode using wither a PLA or microcode but the PLA will do its work 1 clock tick faster for every instruction. You could go mad trying to implement a CISC processor instruction decode with a PLA so you are pretty much stuck using microcode. \nI refer the studious reader to [Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson](_URL_0_)\n\nAnother idea was \"Relegate the Interesting Stuff to the Compiler\" (or RISC), which recognised it was easier to put complexity into software than hardware, so instead of designing the CPU to make it easier to write instructions manually or to compile code (e.g. closing the semantic gap), instead design the compiler to be clever so that it is easier implement fast hardware.\n\nAn example of this RISC approach was the original MIPS processor that had the compiler insert dummy instructions (called NOPs) or even re-order instructions so that you didn't have to design interlocks into the processor that stopped registers being accessed while calculations where still being done. This helped the processor be smaller and simpler to implement while still implementing a speed up method called pipe-lining (e.g. fetch one instruction, while decoding a second, while executing a third, while writing the results of a fourth.)\n\nAnother change was around the relative speed of Integrated Circuits (ICs) and Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). Circuits within ICs could talk to each other more quickly than they could across PCBS. So the more you can do on chip the better. This led to trade-offs where if you designed a smaller instruction set you could fit in more registers to do more operations entirely on the IC. Maybe you would even have enough room spare for memory caches and write buffers which would reduce again the amount of time spent waiting for the RAM on the PCB.\n\nThe number of transistors you could fit on an Integrated Circuit was also increasing allowing the designers even more choices as to what features to add to an IC. E.g. should you have more registers or make the caches bigger, or add a write buffer, or add a fast integer multiplier, or add an FPU or a graphics core?\n\nHere is a concrete example. The RISC ARM-3 (1989) and the CISC Intel 80386 (1985) are roughly contemporary processors. Both 32 bit integer only CPUs. The 80386 required 275,000 transistors to implement, and had an 8 instruction pre-fetch queue. The ARM-3 only required 25,000 transistors so could fit a 4Kb data cache and a 4Kb instruction cache on the same IC. The ARM was sufficiently low power that it could be manufactured with a cheaper plastic package compared to the ceramic encapsulation of the 80386. And computers based on the ARM-3, although they couldn't directly execute 8086 instructions, could run a PC-emulator at a satisfactory speed.\n\nSince the period described in this narrative the wickedly sharp brains of computer designers have continued to come up with new design ideas, concepts and optimisations, computer modelling has become more powerful allowing more design ideas to be tried out, and compiler writing has become more powerful. With these plausible hand waving reasons I explain why Intel processors are still duking it out with ARM for design wins.\n\n & nbsp;\n\nTL;DR (1) Sometimes you can't avoid complexity to get everything to perform at the best but sometimes being simple and straightforward or lean and mean gives you enough spare budget to use other approaches to reach top performance. \n\n & nbsp;\n\nTL;DR (2) About 20 years ago there was a shift in technologies, priorities, possibilities and approaches in computer processor design that opened up new optimisations and alternatives in implementations and trade-offs. The processors called RISC took on board these ideas almost wholesale while the CISC designs took a more conservative approach."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Computer_Architecture.html?id=gQ-fSqbLfFoC&redir_esc=y"
]
] |
|
9sq94c
|
how do parachutes jumpers know they won’t just blow away with the wind?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9sq94c/eli5_how_do_parachutes_jumpers_know_they_wont/
|
{
"a_id": [
"e8ql588"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"They know they will. They account for the speed of the wind in their projected glide path. That's why parachute jumpers carry a speedometer, altimeter, and compass. \n\n\nOnce the parachute opens they have even more control, as long as the object has momentum and control, it will be able to move itself to any position while free falling. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
55ucuq
|
how did the sun come into existence (i.e did it just ignite one day and how did it become to resemble a sphere)?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/55ucuq/eli5_how_did_the_sun_come_into_existence_ie_did/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d8dq3bm"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"An immense cloud of hydrogen gas and other dust begins to pull together under it's own gravity. It gets smaller, hotter, and denser as it shrinks. If it gets dense enough, from all of that gas and dust collapsing into a glob, it may become dense and hot enough for the hydrogen gas to begin to fuse into helium gas (and eventually for Helium to begin fusing into even larger atoms) which releases heat and light, and you get a star.\n\nIf it never gets hot enough you end up wit things like brown dwarfs, gas giant planets, etc\n\nIt's round because it's so massive and dense, so it has so much gravity, ever part is trying to fall into the middle. Anything over a certain size will turn into a sphere shape sooner or later.\n\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
1kmd6e
|
workers unions
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1kmd6e/eli5_workers_unions/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cbqe3tm",
"cbqhsl4"
],
"score": [
7,
2
],
"text": [
"A union is an organization of people with similar jobs who all get together and negotiate the terms of employment for all the members collectively. Instead of each individual employee having to sit down and negotiate his own deal with an employer, all the employees get together (through representatives) and work out a *single* employment contract that will apply to all the union's members. It's called \"collective bargaining.\"",
"If one worker asks for a raise (or other benefits), the boss can say \"no and I'll fire you if you ask again\". But if they *all* ask at the same time, the boss can't afford to lose the whole workforce, so they are more likely to get what they want.\n\nThe *union* means the group that the workers organize to do this."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
8jna53
|
why does a planet need to have traces of water for it to be able to carry life?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8jna53/eli5_why_does_a_planet_need_to_have_traces_of/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dz0wvdu"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The only life *we know to exist* requires water.\n\nSo, we look for water as a shortcut to look for life as we know it.\n\nIs it possible life *as we don't know it,* that does not use water, exists? Sure maybe. But how do you look for \"I don't know what\"? You can't, effectively. \n\nWorse still, if it *doesn't* exist, then most of your searching is a waste of time.\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
6yv04z
|
how can the average joe be hurt by the equifax security breach? is there anything that can be done now to prevent further damage (i.e. lifelock, etc)?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6yv04z/eli5_how_can_the_average_joe_be_hurt_by_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dmqbvgb"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Having access to your name, date of birth, social security number, driver's license number, and maybe credit data makes it much easier for someone to attempt to open a line of credit in your name or make charges against existing accounts.\n\nIf I can get my hands on everything I need to fill out a credit card application in your name, there's a decent chance I could actually get a card and max it out before anyone notices.\n\nFor the most part banks offer protection and insurance against this activity so there's not much you can or should do right now (except watch your credit and debit transactions, which you should always do), but that kind of identity theft crime is a major hassle for everyone involved.\n\nWhether you think you were impacted or not, you should also check and see what kind of identity theft protection and insurance you have on all your open accounts.\n\nIf you have received a credit report recently, read it closely to make sure all the lines are things you actually did."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
3eg3vg
|
why the videogame industry does'nt do "remakes"?
|
I am installing pillars of eternity right now, and during the install there are ads of all the all time great RPGs Obsidian made during the last 2 decades and started wondering why, why no one decides to just redo the NWNs or the Baldur's or Torment, etc... use the awesome histories but with up to date technology, holliwood made billons of it, why doesnt the videogame industry do the same?
(i know there are some exceptions, like the guys who are "cleaning up" the baldur's)
Edit: Seems like there are a good bunch of remakes i wasnt aware of, ty all for the answers.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3eg3vg/eli5_why_the_videogame_industry_doesnt_do_remakes/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ctekve5",
"ctelngw"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"There are loads of video game remakes. Maybe not those specific games you mention, but remakes are pretty common.\n\nMaybe a larger proportion of films are remakes, but you'd have to look at some hard data to tell if that's true.",
"The PS4 and PS3 and PSVita have had these games remade for them:\n\n- Assassin's Creed III: Liberation\n- Beyond Good & Evil\n- Cel Damage\n- Devil May Cry 1, 2 and 3: Special Edition\n- Budokai 1 and 3 (not sure what happened to 2)\n- Dynasty Warrior: Strikeforce 2\n- Final Fantasy 7, X and X-2\n- God of War 1, 2, Chains of Olympus and Ghost of Sparta\n- Hitman: Silent Assassin, Contracts, and Blood Money\n- Ico\n- Shadow of the Colossus\n- Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy, Jak 2 and Jak 3\n- Killzone\n- Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix, Hearts, Chain of Memories, 2, and Birth by Sleep\n- K-On! Houkago Live!!\n- The Legend of Heroes: Trails in the Sky\n- Medal of Honor: Frontline\n- Metal Gear Solid: Sons of Liberty, Snake Eater and Peace Walker\n- Monster Hunter Portable 3D\n- Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee\n- Okami\n- Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, Warrior Within and, The Two Thrones\n- Ratchet & Clank, including Going Commando and Up Your Arsenal\n- Ratchet: Deadlocked\n- Rayman 3\n- Resident Evil 4 and Code: Veronica X\n- Sengoku Basara 1, 2, 3 and Heroes\n- Samurai Warriors 2, including Xtreme Legends and Empires\n- Silent Hill 2 and 3\n- Sly Cooper: The Thievius Raccoonus, Band of Thieves and Honor Among Thieves\n- Soulcalibur 2\n- Tekken Tag Tournament 1 and 2: Prologue\n- Tomb Raider: Legend, Anniversary and Underworld\n- Tom Clancy: Splinter Cell, Pandora Tomorrow and Chaos Theory\n- Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 1, 2, and 3\n- Yakuz 1 and 2\n- Zone of the Enders, and The 2nd Runner.\n- Castlevania: Lords of Shadow - Mirror of Fate\n- Dead Space: Extraction\n- Disney Castle of Illusion Starring Mickey Mouse\n- Doom 3, including Resurrection of Evil and The Lost Mission\n- Ducktales\n- Dungeons & Dragons: Tower of Doom and Shadow over Mystara\n- Earthworm Jim\n- Goldeneye 007 (the Wii version)\n- House of the Dead 3, 4 and Overkill\n- Jet Set Radio\n- Gundam Side Story: Rise from the Ashes, The Blue Destiny, Encounters in Space, Lost War Chronicles and Zeonic Front\n- Nights into Dreams...Christmas Nights\n- No More Heroes\n- Oddoworld: Munch's Oddysee and Stranger's Wrath\n- Resident Evil, including The Umbrella Chronicles and The Darkside Chronicles\n- Sonic Adventure 2\n- Talees of Graces\n- Tales of Symphonia and Dawn of the New World\n- Under Defeat.\n- Injustice: Gods Among Us\n- The Last of Us\n- Journey\n- Flow\n- Flower\n\n... that's quite a lot of remakes, to be honest. And that's not even including remakes for other systems. (Nintendo are quite fond of them, I believe.)"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
2njg7c
|
neckbeards
|
Why the fuck would somebody grow one? They're ugly, probably uncomfortable, and almost universally ridiculed, but I was doing some thanksgiving shopping today, and I saw at least three guys with one. What could possibly be the appeal?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2njg7c/eli5_neckbeards/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cme4v2j",
"cme5zvw",
"cmeb0yc"
],
"score": [
2,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Cute, intelligent guys who are comfortable in their own skin. Generally classy. Do I need to say more?",
"I've often wondered the same about certain fashion faux pas. But there really are some people that just genuinely don't give a fuck about fashion and grooming, or genuinely are unaware of how bad they really look. Some of these people: neckbeards. ",
"Their body, their choice.\n\n\nEnd of discussion. \n\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
5doz9y
|
how does the way optic nerve works compare to the way we send video by a cable like hdmi?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5doz9y/eli5_how_does_the_way_optic_nerve_works_compare/
|
{
"a_id": [
"da67nm3",
"da6eu9f"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"It's completely different.\n\nThe \"optic nerve\" is actually a bundle of nerves in parallel. HDMI and almost all other video signals are scanned into a serial stream.",
"They are not similar at all. Hdmi is a way to send data for video this means sending data (binary) that tells the displaying device what color each pixel should be for a certain resolution. But that's all hdmi does. The tv or monitor is what actually takes that info and makes an image generally by shining a light through a screen of some sort that can be manipulated to absorb / bock certain wavelengths thus producing color. Again though this is not similar to how our eyes work."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
2no9no
|
why are successful female singers generally much more attractive than the average woman?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2no9no/eli5_why_are_successful_female_singers_generally/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cmfbobk",
"cmfbpa5",
"cmfbpcm",
"cmfbq9s",
"cmfbrx5",
"cmfbtvk",
"cmfbvuu",
"cmfchya"
],
"score": [
2,
14,
6,
2,
3,
2,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"You rarely see a rich person look bad. They exist of course, but let's be real. If you're Beyonce, your image is literally everything.",
"Popular music is largely marketing. It's way easier to market an attractive person than an ugly one.",
"In music today, image is everything. An ugly singer wouldn't make it. ",
"Because looks matter. Generally, successful people do look pretty attractive. ",
"Being a pop star is about a lot more than singing ability.\n\nThere are tons of people with professional singing talent, you have the right songs and the right promotion, and image and looks are part of promotion. There are plenty of successful popstars with inferior voices who get by on their looks.",
"Because everyone was so surprised when Susan Boyle actually had a good voice. Producers know they won't be successful as an ugly singer so they don't bother. Susan Boyle was popular largely in part to the fact that she was not in any sense a looker...",
"Success has a lot to do with it — more money\n= more handlers, more personal trainers, more beauty consultants.",
"take away professional stylists who spend all day to make those makeups look perfect and the designers who spend all day long to Photoshop them perfect. They're probably only a bit over average. You can't deny that most of them spend lots of time dancing, which should keep them in rather good shape. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
4fqj2z
|
why do we still need a bible in the courtrooms?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4fqj2z/eli5_why_do_we_still_need_a_bible_in_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d2b3wdk",
"d2b406s",
"d2b4al4"
],
"score": [
12,
8,
5
],
"text": [
" > why is it necessary to be sworn in with your right hand on a book that you may or may not believe in? \n\nIt's not. No one is required to swear on a bible. You *can* swear on a bible if you like. Or you can just affirm to tell the truth.",
"it isn't. you're not required to be sworn in on a bible. it's provided should you choose to use the bible. if you don't swear on the bible, then you're sworn in under penalty of perjury ",
"Most US courts do not use a bible, and those that do give defendants of different faiths alternative ways of swearing to tell the truth.\n\nThe point of swearing some in is not to make some religious oath, but to make them aware that lying is now a crime for them."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
618dlk
|
what makes something seem creepy?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/618dlk/eli5what_makes_something_seem_creepy/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dfchk05",
"dfci7bs"
],
"score": [
12,
2
],
"text": [
"[This video](_URL_0_) explains it rather well. He makes really nice vids..I highly recommend checking his channel out if you don't know him yet.",
"Something is creepy if it esthetically suggests moral depravity or depraved malevolent intent.\n\nThe \"depravity\" aspect is important I think - there needs to be a suggestion of moral sickness, of a twisted psychological deformity at work. \n\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://youtu.be/PEikGKDVsCc"
],
[]
] |
||
syluk
|
this whole r/srs banning business, and r/srs in general.
|
I only just heard about r/SRS when browsing through r/WoW and seeing [this post](_URL_0_) and reading in the comments about how they SRS is banning basically any one they don't like, could someone elaborate? I've never been on r/SRS but from what a lot of people say it sounds worse than r/gaming and r/atheism combined.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/syluk/eli5_this_whole_rsrs_banning_business_and_rsrs_in/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c4i26bk",
"c4i3p56",
"c4i42ks"
],
"score": [
8,
2,
5
],
"text": [
"The original idea behind SRS is that \"offensive things are offensive, regardless of the poster's intent\". \n\nA subreddit was started to share particularly offensive posts by other redditors. Many of the complaints about SRS are much louder and attention grabbing than SRS itself. People get very offended when told that they are being offensive, resulting in a big backlash. \n\nDoes SRS go overboard? yes, often. Do complains about SRS go overboard? yes, often.",
"The other posts here seems to be sort of biased so I'll try to actually answer your questions.\n\nSRS is meant as sort of a circlejerk (which isn't really a word I should use to a five year old, but..). It's a place to share any posts you find offensive. No matter what it is. No questions are allowed. No disagreement. Both a banable offenses. Some look at it just as a fun place to troll and blow of some steam, however..\n\nThey claim that they're not a downvote brigade, but they will at times gather together and downvote posts they find offensive (and often anyone questioning the downvotes or trying for a rational discussion). \n\nTo combat people coming in and disagreeing with, them they made a bot to ban anyone found to post on any subreddit they disagreed with. (I do not have the exact list, but things such as MensRights).\n\nAs an answer to this a few subreddits started doing the opposite (or exactly the same, depending on how you view it), and banning anyone posting on SRS, or any of their associated subs. Wow is just the last one to join in.",
"FREQUENT SRS POSTER HERE TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS\n\nFirst, SRS is a place where people post things that they find offensive on reddit. People who also find that offensive can then make fun of and laugh at the offensive thing that has been said.\n\nThe thing is, dissent is not allowed. If you don't find something offensive, just don't say anything. This rule used to not be in place, but once the SRS notifier bots started flying around, the mods had to step in lest every single post in SRS get bogged down (or derailed if you like) with people arguing whether or not a post is offensive. SRS is a place to make fun of offensive things, not to debate whether something is offensive. Aren't offended by a post? Just don't comment there, it's not hard. So that's SRS!\n\nAs far as the bannings go, what I believe happened was that a bot was made to ban people from antiSRS. I can't speak for the reasoning behind it as I don't know what it is. Anyway, it looks like the [/r/wow](/r/wow) people objected to pre-emptive banning of an entire subreddit and then did the same thing? Or wanted to, at any rate. I never got banned from that sub though.\n\nAlso food for thought, many people from SRS, myself included, have been banned from [/r/seduction](/r/seduction) despite having never posted there."
]
}
|
[] |
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/wow/comments/sx7bw/effective_immediately_posting_in_any_of_the_srs/"
] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
1rkq9z
|
the plot to bioshock infinite
|
I loved this game, and think I have a good grasp on it, but I would love to hear an ELI5 version!
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rkq9z/eli5_the_plot_to_bioshock_infinite/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cdo79rg",
"cdo7dbn",
"cdo8bud",
"cdo8c7w",
"cdocki6",
"cdocp43",
"cdodtcg"
],
"score": [
98,
7,
4,
6,
22,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Let's do this chronologically.\n\nThere was a guy named Booker Dewitt. He fought at the Battle of Wounded Knee, killed a lot of indians, and felt really bad about it. After the battle, he found people being baptized in the river. At first he volunteered for the baptism.\n\nHere, the universe splits. It becomes World A, in which Booker does not go through with the Baptism, and goes back to his life and becomes a strike buster. In World B, he becomes Zachary Comstock, remains in the military and goes to Columbia. \n\nBooker in World A eventually has a baby, Anna. Comstock, in world B, is unable to have a baby because of experiments done by Leteuce. Comstock in world B wants to have a baby, and Leteuce thinks that she can get him one from the world of her \"brother\" (who is really her in the alternate universe, similar to how Comstock/Booker are the same person). Booker has a ton of gambling debts but no way to pay off the debts, so Male Leteuce says he can pay off the debts by giving them his baby. He agrees to do that, and they take the baby, but Booker changes his mind and chases them. Leteuece gets Anna through the rift, but part of her pinky gets cut off and stays in Booker's world, meaning she exists in both World A and World B at the same time. This gives her the ability to open portals between worlds. These rifts can also span across various times (for example, in one early scene Elizabeth opens a rift to NYC, and the theater marquis shows \"Star Wars\" being played, even though it's only 1912 in the game).\n\nBooker sinks into alcoholism and depression after losing his baby, carves her initials (AD) into his hand, and gets into more debt. Leteuce again offers to wipe away the debts, if he goes to this city and brings a certain girl to New York. He agrees, and they bring him out to Maine, and pass through a rift at some point without him knowing. He goes into the light house and goes up to Columbia, rescues Elizabeth from her tower, they flee the city, etc. Elizabeth is captured by Songbird and brought back to Comstock's house. Future version of Elizabeth brings Booker to the future and shows him what happened as a result of not having stopped Songbird from taking her, then sends him back to stop Songbird. Elizabeth opens a tear to Rapture (from Bioshock 1) and Songbird is killed by the water pressure. Then they go up to the lighthouse. Each lighthouse represents a \"World\" created by a choice (like, Booker's choice to get baptized or not). Each world branches off from many different important choices. Anna realizes that as long as there is a world in which Comstock exists, there will be a world in which she ends up destroying everyone using Columbia. So, she opens a tear and they go back to the moment where Comstock began: the baptism. There, the many versions of Elizabeth that had all reached the same conclusion meet up and drown Booker before he can become Comstock, thus preventing that horrible future from ever happening, and that's why they all disappear.",
"***SIGNIFICANT SPOILER ALERTS AHEAD***\n\n\nYou are Booker. You, due to some issues, gave away your baby daughter. The trauma of this caused you some problems, and your memory of the incident appears to be a little shoddy.\n\nLater, you are in debt. You are given an opportunity to find a girl and bring her back to wipe out the debt. You take it, and end up on a floating island where you are seen as an outsider and everyone loses their shit. You defend yourself and begin your trek towards the girl.\n\nMany dead bodies later you find the girl. She wants to go to Paris. You want to wipe out your debt. Hilarity/violence ensues.\n\nMeanwhile, her daddy Comstock wants to kill you, so the city is up in arms trying to turn you into liquid goop. The girl, Elizabeth, shows you she can open up tears between worlds/dimensions, and so you use them to get around. It's kind of cool, but a little creepy. \n\nAnyways, she gets captured, and you try to save her, fail, get a lecture from future Elizabeth, go back, get tossed around between dimensions for a while, and end up killing Comstock. You begin to realize there is something else going on, but that you have forgotten.\n\nCue flashback. Elizabeth is your daughter. Comstock is you in the future, but a unique future you whose nards are toasted by overusing a machine that opens tears like what Elizabeth can do. It's one of many futures in which you become Comstock. Not all futures end that way, but some do. Elizabeth notes that the only way to truly stop Comstock is to make sure Comstock never exists - so she and other Elizabeths from other 'dimensions' drown your ass. Thus you die, Comstock is never born, and potentially Elizabeth is never born, therefore none of this matters.\n\nThe end.",
"Since the whole story rather confuses itself a few times, most of this is interpretation as much as anything, so grain of salt.\n\nThere was a man named Booker, and during the battle at Wounded Knee he did some very bad things. On his way home he stumbles on a baptism, and participates. But, at the last minute he resists, reasoning the bad things he's done can't be washed away in a moment and a prayer. \n\nHe grows older, becomes bitter, taking a series of jobs working for ever harder and crueler men. He marries, but his wife dies in childbirth, and in time he sells his daughter Anna to a crime boss to pay for his gambling debts. Despondent with grief, cynicism, and drink, he loses himself in his misery and ultimately forgets any happy moment he ever knew, and there he remains for some 15 years or so.\n\nDesperate again with gambling debts, he takes another job to rescue a young woman from a city called Columbia, which is made of buildings that float among the clouds, led by the prophet Zachary Hale Comstock. The young woman in question is Elizabeth, Comstock's daughter, locked in a tower, and is herself is a bit of a mystery, missing part of her little finger, uncommonly intelligent, and posessiong supernatural powers. \n\nRescuing her, avoiding the monstrous Songbird, and getting through the political struggles of a class structure at war with itself, Booker and Elizabeth, in order to affect their escape, Booker and Elizabeth ultimately destroy the tower where Elizabeth was kept, releasing all the energy that had previously kept Elizabeth's diminished, and she becomes, in effect, a kind of goddess, capable of exploring alternate universes past and present. And it is here Booker learns the truth. Comstock is, in fact, Booker, and Elizabeth is actually Booker's Daughter Anna.\n\nAll those years ago, at the Baptism, in an alternate universe, there *was* a version of Booker who decided that, yes, all his cruel misdeeds *could* be wiped away easily. That, by extension, perhaps any cruelty can be mitigated by circumstance and ambition, that any ends can justify all means. And of that mindset he pursued the construction of Columbia using the bizarre science of a physicist named Rosalind Lutece which would allow not just for levitation, but crossing planes of reality. \n\nTo accomplish his dream he needs a daughter of his own bloodline, but the scientific experiments would render him sterile, and so he, along with Rosalind, would conspire with Robert, the version of Lutece from Booker's universe, to take Booker's daughter Anna. Knowing this, and how much trouble is caused by it all, Booker realizes the only way to stop the madness and evil Comstock would eventually become responsible for, is to back, yet again, to the baptism, to go under the water, and never come up again, sacrificing his life, which he does with the help of various iterations of Elizabeth/Anna.\n\nAfter all of this, Booker awakens on the day he would trade his daughter Anna to the mob boss. Was all of it a dream? A vision of a parallel universe and bad times to come? Or all a memory of a reality undone by Elizabeth? ",
"[I found this really useful back when I first beat the game](_URL_0_)",
"Part 1 _URL_1_\n\nPart 2 _URL_0_\n\nPart 3 _URL_2_",
"Holy shit so many things just started to make sense",
"You have to go save a girl because you did bad stuff before. Two people take you to a flying city full of magical sky racists led by an old guy. You find the girl and then a big leather bird attacks you. You accidentally make all the poor brown people kill all the rich white people and find out that the two people from the beginning are the same person. You then find out that the old guy is you if you went to church and the girl is your daughter. You and the girl then go to that city with the metal guys from the first two games ''the bioshocks?'' sigh, yes little five year old, the bioshocks. So anyway the leather bird drowns and you and your daughter go to a place full of lighthouses and find out that decisions are weird. Then your daughter kills you because she is afraid of what will happen if you do go to church "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://i.imgur.com/65Rcqup.jpg"
],
[
"http://i7.minus.com/i5BLK6EKs1wYz.png",
"http://i4.minus.com/itqBirx1UNO73.png",
"http://i7.minus.com/imJUs5Ct5fRTg.png"
],
[],
[]
] |
|
au0o7x
|
what is solipsism?
|
I stumbled somehow across the r/solipsism subreddit and saw the content though I’m not quite entirely sure what it means.
Could someone explain it to me?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/au0o7x/eli5_what_is_solipsism/
|
{
"a_id": [
"eh4qe4u",
"eh4rytw",
"eh5rvvo"
],
"score": [
15,
10,
2
],
"text": [
"Basically it is the philosophy that the only thing you can be certain of is your own existence. You can't rule out, 100%, the possibility that the entire world you experience, including all other people, isn't a dream, simulation, hallucination, or creation of some malicious demon.\n\nBut, given that you can think, at least you must exist since if you did not exist you would not be able to think, leading to the famous phrase: I think, therefore I am.",
"It's \"how can you be sure you aren't in the Matrix?\", basically.\n\n & #x200B;\n\nEven if you and I are sitting down at a table and having a conversation, you can't be entirely sure I exist. Maybe me and the table and the coffee you're drinking are all part of your imagination, and you're basically just talking to yourself. Your mind might be the only mind in the universe, and every person you've ever met, you might have just imagined.\n\n & #x200B;\n\nEven though solipsism can't be concretely disproved, there are a lot of reasons to reject it as a worldview. It is not a philosophical position commonly taken seriously (which is perhaps why r/solipsism is full of jokes, e.g., \"Let's have an IRL meetup to decide which one of us is the real one.\").\n\n & #x200B;",
"I know I think and feel. I know it cause I literally can’t not know it - it’s just the way things are.\nBut how do I know you think and feel? I have no way to see into your head any more than you can see into mine. Maybe I’m the only thinking and feeling person on earth - I definitely don’t have have any reason to think otherwise.\n\nThat’s solipsism in a nutshell. The skepticism regarding the existence of other conscious minds outside you."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
6s1022
|
what happens to the dashboard when airbags deploy
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6s1022/eli5_what_happens_to_the_dashboard_when_airbags/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dl97hfs"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Watch [this video](_URL_0_) of an airbag deploying in slow motion\n\nThere are panels over the airbag which have seams to split apart on. When the airbag starts to go, it pushes against these panels which break on the seams and push out of the way so the airbag can deploy. The ones on the passenger side and the pillars will have similar plastics that split apart, but the pattern will obviously be different"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://youtu.be/jez383jhJNg?t=1m4s"
]
] |
|
1wdfux
|
eve online. how is it played? why are the matches so big? why do the matches cost thousands of dollars?
|
I have been on r/gaming recently and there are many posts about EVE Online and I was curious as to why I have never really heard of it in depth because it looks awesome! Are there only a few mega matches a year? Are there smaller matches? Why do I see articles that say thousands of dollars in ships have been lost in the battle? I just have a lot of questions, so a pretty general answer would be fine
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wdfux/eli5_eve_online_how_is_it_played_why_are_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cf0xikd",
"cf0xjot",
"cf0xxky",
"cf0ywci"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2,
15
],
"text": [
"Eve Online is a MMO (Massive Multiplayer Online Game) were the player is a starship captain, flying around and doing stuff.\n\nThere are no \"matches\". Large Corporations (the Player group system) invest tons of time and ingame currency to build massive ships of war... they then pick fights with each other for control of high-value territories. Because the in-game currency has an exchange rate with USD, when a ship is destroyed it can be listed as its USD cash value.",
"It's a persistent world MMO. But there is only one server, so the entire population plays in the same world/shard/ server. There are no matches, what you are seeing is the conflict between large groups of players (alliances of guilds). \n Usually some scheme is being played out by one side against the other. One side will jump in series of fleets to destroy or threaten an enemy formation or target. The other side will try to defend it. More and more ships will jump in and join the fight. There may also be betrayals, like someone told the defender the attack was coming, or the attackers bought off some part of the defenders fleets. there is a lot of diplomacy and espionage involved. \nThis is not something you could hope to know about beforehand even if you were in the game (unless you were involved in it). Other groups will hear about the fight and may come to try and take advantage of the battle. \nWhen they say thousands of dollars of ships they are equating the value of those ships in game money into us dollars.",
"It is a multiplayer online game where everyone shares the same world. Players band together to form corporations that buy/make spaceships. The resources to create the largest ones are far in excess to what a single player could collect, and represent hundreds of hours of gameplay.\n\nThere are battles all the time, but since the largest ships are so rare, battles that involve them are noteworthy.\n\nThere is an in game currency, which you can buy with real money, so that's how people can say $X were lost in this battle. For the most part, people buy with earned in game currency, so very little real money was lost.\n\nWhile battles like this are impressive, they are also very rare. The actual gameplay involves mining asteroids for resources which are sold or processed. It is a very detailed and accurate simulation of science fiction economy...too accurate for some, who describe the gameplay as tedious.",
"EVE Online is a single-shard MMO. Single-shard is a fancy, rare attribute of the game that makes it so special and popular - the entire world (except China) all plays on one server, at one time. Because of this, when there are 100,000 people online, that means there are 100,000 people around the globe who could all potentially be interacting at the same time. Most MMOs (like WoW, Runescape, SWTOR, and pretty much everything else) use multiple shards, which is fairly self-explanatory.\n\nEVE is fairly passive; all actions are performed with dropdown menus and/or hotkeys. Manual steering is possible, but only has limited applications, mostly in advanced combat by pilots of light, fast ships. EVE's in-game economy is completely player-based. \n\nAlmost all items in the game, from a small round for a ship's cannon to spaceships the size of large cities, are produced by players, from the miners who go out into aggressive-NPC deep space to mine precious materials from asteroids, to economists who play the market with spreadsheets, buying low and selling high on massive scales, to manufacturers who buy up all the raw materials and spend ridiculous amounts of money on the smallest upgrades to eke out a profit in an ultra-competitive market for their products.\n\nThe most popular activity in the game, though, is PvP combat. It's exactly what it sounds like - in sanctioned areas, or under sanctioned conditions, players can attack each other at will. These, I assume, are the \"matches\" you're referring to. Because of the game's mechanics, dying in a fight usually only means losing the items you had on you at the time, and one of the game's maxims is \"don't fly what you can't afford to lose\"; losing fights is a given for newer players, and the knowledge gained from those losses tends to be more valuable than the actual loss itself.\n\nPlayers can join together into official groups called corporations, corporations can officially conglomerate as an alliance, and alliances unofficially band together as coalitions. Alliances and corporations can officially declare war on one another, allowing open combat between members. Because coalition membership can number in the tens of thousands, EVE can experience battles between thousands of players at a time, coordinated through meta-game communications services such as websites or VoIP services. Due to the ability to communicate so effectively, the \"mega-matches\" are really set-piece battles, like chess. At such scales there are very rigid chains of command, and players fight as members of a squad rather than as individuals; for example, I could be in command of 50 long-range, \"artillery-like\" ships. I would be given an order from higher up to take out an enemy target, which I would carry out by instructing the 49 people under me where to move and coordinating our attack for maximum effect.\n\nEVE is a subscription-based game - you pay money to receive an item in-game which can be expended to extend your subscription for 30 days. It can also be sold on the in-game market for in-game currency. Through the conversion factor of this item (called a PLEX), you can convert USD to ISK (EVE's in-game currency). For example, one of the most famous mid-level ships, the Drake, is currently being sold for the equivalent of $1.30. To clarify, that's only the ship's \"hull\" - the weapons, defensive systems, ammo, and everything else total way more than that."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
1shc81
|
from the point of view of a college, how do student loans work?
|
There's $1 trillion in outstanding student loans in the US right now, heading up to $1.2 trillion. So who bears the burden of the outstanding debt? When a loan is taken by a student, does the college get paid by the loan-bearing agency immediately or do they wait to pay? Or does the college get a small fraction? Search results are a wash of info on "how to repay your loans".
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1shc81/eli5_from_the_point_of_view_of_a_college_how_do/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cdxko0h",
"cdxpml0"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"The college gets paid immediately. That's the purpose of a loan. A third party takes an immediate hit in their capital in order to make more in interest later.",
"You: Awww man, I really want to go to this college, but I can't afford to pay the tuition. Only if there was a way =(\n\nBank: I'll pay the college tuition for you, but you have to pay us back with a certain % of interest so we make money off of it.\n\nYou: Really? That's great!\n\n*cut to bank sending the college of your choice a check for the amount of tuition*\n\n*cut to you after graduation*\n\n*cut to you coming home one day from work, and there's a letter in your mailbox from the bank that wrote your college the check for your tuition stating you owe them $130,000, but will accept payments of $300 a month.*"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
d1cmlw
|
when you buy something mass produced from a supermarket that claims to contain 'wild mushrooms', what mushrooms are you actually getting?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d1cmlw/eli5_when_you_buy_something_mass_produced_from_a/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ezm06cp"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"We have an indoor mushroom farm near us where most store bought mushrooms are sourced. I also have a BIL on Vancouver Island who picks mushrooms in the forest and sells the to a local distributor who in turn sells them to restaurants and others.\n\nYou can also buy a rotating log which has been inoculated with spoors so you can grow your own."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
1t8ka7
|
what is opengl, opengl es, opencl and directx? what do they actually do?
|
I've been a longtime gamer, but has always been confused by what they actually do. I've never really thought about it until I can across this comment on the new MacPro Workstations (which I don't know what they actually are as well) on _URL_0_. This is the comment that sparked my curiosity:
"The new Mac Pro really is the future of Workstations. Just like 2 years after the iPhone came out, all phones looked like the iPhone, same will happen with this workstation.
The reason is, OpenCL is not a gimmick limited to a few specialised apps any more, it is the future of performance computing. CPUs have been getting what, 10-15% faster with each new generation, but when I run programs on my GPU (provided it's a data parallel task, which is a lot of tasks if you model it right) it is 1000x faster (and I mean that literally not hyperbolically).
Currently I develop my OpenCL solns on my Mac with it's Nvidia 650M and then port them to my Linux compute box where I leave them running for days on end. It has dual AMD GPUs. In theory the Mac Pro should be able to take it's place. But the best the Mac Pro has is D700s which is the equivalent (I believe) of dual HD 7970 consumer cards, which is what my "slow" compute box has. My fast compute box has already been upgraded to dual R9 290x's in the last few weeks.
But it depends: Apple always take a whole-of-system approach, so I suspect they would have spent a long time optimising OS X OpenCL drivers, ready for release at the same time as this box, so I'll definitely be looking with interest."
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1t8ka7/eli5what_is_opengl_opengl_es_opencl_and_directx/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ce5gq4a",
"ce5hvu1"
],
"score": [
10,
2
],
"text": [
"They're graphics libraries. Basically, if I want to draw a figure on the screen - which any graphical application will at some point - I can either write an extensive list of instructions directly to the graphics card (which isn't portable, is very difficult and time-consuming, and will likely be inefficient code), or I can use a graphics library. These libraries work cross-platform and you can simply tell them \"draw such and such plane at such and such angle\". They do the rest of the work.",
"I think there's a key piece of information missing from the other explanations here. Opengl and directx aren't so much APIs as they are standards. GPU manufacturers write drivers for their GPUs that convert all the opengl calls and such into actual actions on the gpus. Opengl itself doesn't know how to drive your gpu at all, it just tells the driver what the programmer has called and then the driver takes it from there. This way the programmer can run their code on many different PCs provided they all support opwngl. Before standards like this they would have to settle for software only working with one gpu driver or write software to use a whole bunch of different drivers."
]
}
|
[] |
[
"AppleInsider.com"
] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
6e4trf
|
is russia not communists anymore? what's going on over there?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6e4trf/eli5_is_russia_not_communists_anymore_whats_going/
|
{
"a_id": [
"di7ncrx"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Communism in the USSR ended when the USSR fell. This happened in the 1990s. Now they are a Capitalist nation with an \"officially\" democratic government though there is a lot of evidence that elections may be somewhat rigged at times. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
aajyev
|
why do doctors wear white coats instead of something like black coats that would mask blood and fluids better?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/aajyev/eli5_why_do_doctors_wear_white_coats_instead_of/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ecsn0im",
"ecsn1l3",
"ecsn2wc",
"ecsn6as",
"ecsngl8",
"ecsqiod",
"ecssh5m"
],
"score": [
103,
51,
253,
27,
25,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"This answer will probably be to short to stay but the idea *is* to be able to see all that, that way you know your clean, also if they do get bloody you can bleach the hell out of it and it won't ruin the colour.",
"don't know about medicine doctors, but lab/research people wear white iirc because we want to know if our coat has been contaminated. It's also resistant to corrosive substances to a certain extent.",
"They would not want to mask blood and fluids. On the contrary they would want to easily spot if their clothes are dirty so that they can change before infecting someone.",
"Doctors wear white for mainly two reasons: One, white is the color that best shows when it's dirty, thus enabling doctors to change into a clean lab coat when required. Two: black is the color generally associated with death, so dressing doctors in black would be creepy as hell and, more importantly, would raise the general uneasiness and apprehension levels of patients, which is something medical professionals strive to reduce, not raise.",
"Related: Honda factory workers wear white uniforms. The assembly proces is supposed to be clean. If they do get dirty, it indicates something is wrong. ",
"They wear white so it is obvious when they get dirty.\n\nThis means that if a doctor were to get blood or other nasty on them, it is obvious to everyone, and the coat can be changed easily before anything is spread around - this is also why they wear costs in the first place, as it protects the (generally nicer) clothing underneath and a generic lab coat can be changed much easier than a full set of normal clothes.\nWhile doctors often wear smart clothing in a hospital that needs protected, few other staff do, which is why they all wear scrubs instead - these are designed to be pretty generic and easy to change when needed.\n\nIt comes with the downsides that 'safe' stains like a doctor's lunch become more obvious and harder to hide, but this is an easy tradeoff to avoid the real nasties going unnoticed.\n\nAs a bonus, it also shows outsiders that cleanliness is taken care of - if you see a pristine white coat it signifies that it is changed regularly and the environment is kept clean, otherwise it would be showing the dirt fairly obviously.",
"As of now, there is no clear benefit in medical community except for social aspect. It has been proven that white coats are fucking dirty and carry nasty germs (germs are invisible so a clean white coat, if not regularly washed, and not many physician do that, is still very much fucking dirty). There have been effort to make physicians wear vest with ID or Badge instead (mostly seen in the Emergency Department) but the white coat image kinda still stick around. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
37ajjf
|
what is the purpose of the vice president outside of the senate and why doesn't the position have more say?
|
It seems like other than presiding over the senate he doesn't do much. Was the position meant for more than to replace the president?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/37ajjf/eli5_what_is_the_purpose_of_the_vice_president/
|
{
"a_id": [
"crl2lhc",
"crl2t7g"
],
"score": [
4,
5
],
"text": [
"They also meet diplomatically with other countries, and is the known next-in-line to take over the presidency, but a big part of what they are anymore is purely election politics. They are often a political pawn which helps grab a group of voters that the person running for president wouldn't have normally gotten. For instance, McCain running with Sarah Palin. He was a cantankerous old white conservative war veteran. She's a woman. Having that other side to the presidential team can help you get more votes. ",
"The short ELI5 answer is: No, the VP position was NOT meant to do much more than replace the President in emergencies and preside as president of the Senate. The VP does not have more say because the Constitution doesn't expressly GIVE him more say.\n\nThe Constitution has very little to say about the Vice President of the United States. It ONLY says that the Vice President shall be President of the Senate and shall succeed the President if he should be incapacitated (killed, so sick he cannot perform his/her duties, etc.). These are the only enumerated powers of the VP from the Constitution. Every other power is an implied power (one derived from his enumerated powers), a delegated power (given usually by the legislative branch), or an informal power (given by the sitting President).\n\nFor example, by law, the VP is an automatic member of the National Security Council and the Smithsonian Institute's board. But these roles aren't written into the Constitution. So, for the most part, the President of the United States has a lot of discretion on how much or how little to use the VP (informal powers). The last two Presidents, for example, have used their VPs a lot more than previous Presidents, as close confidants and policy advisors, and to represent the United States at events the President can't attend. Current VP Joe Biden, for example, is typically the \"last guy in the room\" before Obama makes any major decision (_URL_0_).\n\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[
"http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/joe-biden-the-rolling-stone-interview-20130509"
]
] |
|
19cvxn
|
voting rights act
|
What is the portion of the voters right act which is being questioned by the state of Alabama and under review by the supreme court?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/19cvxn/voting_rights_act/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c8mvb3e",
"c8mwra4"
],
"score": [
2,
3
],
"text": [
"complete speculation, \n\nbut the part that Alabama, because of their past, has to clear their voting changes with the Federal Government. So it is not that they are against any of the voting procedures (at least not publicly) but that they are forced to have any state changes approved by Washington.",
"In general, the Voting Rights Act was put in place to protect minorities from having their votes diluted or cut out completely, as had been the case in many places (especially the South) prior to the 1960s.\n\nThe part that's under review right now is Section 5. RandomExcess is correct - back when the bill was passed (and when amendments were made), certain jurisdictions were identified as having a history of disenfranchising minorities. These can be counties or entire states. Because of their history, Congress was afraid that they'd continually change laws to come up with new ways to keep minorities from voting - even though the laws would eventually be struck down in the courts, there'd still be a period of time between passage and when the law finally was struck down where the minorities were being harmed, and again, they were afraid of it happening repeatedly. So, before anything involving voting can be changed in a Section 5 jurisdiction (e.g., passing a voter ID law, redistricting, etc.), the U.S. Department of Justice or the D.C. District Court must \"preclear\" the law, meaning it won't take an effect until the federal government gives it the okay.\n\nThe arguments for getting rid of it is that such racial discrimination in voting laws is not a problem anymore, preclearance is a burden, and it's a usurping of states' rights."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
4wmx8o
|
what happens to computer hardware when it lags?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4wmx8o/eli5_what_happens_to_computer_hardware_when_it/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d689zrk"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"You mean like when a game slows down? It's simply that the hardware has been given more work than it can do in the 1/60th or 1/30th of a second it normally takes to produce a single frame \n\nFor things other than games it's still the same principle, the hardware has been given more than it can do in the time you expect it to respond."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
fl30ll
|
why is it bad if companies buy back their own stock? why should companies getting a bailout be banned from doing so or allowed to fail?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fl30ll/eli5_why_is_it_bad_if_companies_buy_back_their/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fkwbuln",
"fkwbx53"
],
"score": [
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Becuse a stock buy back just ups the price of the stock where ceos get huge bonuses for certain stock price targets. Meanwhile the regular employee gets nothing except a ticket to the unemployment line.",
"It turns the bailout money into profit for the shareholders and does nothing to aid workers or support continued business. It basically lines the pockets of the 1% and leaves everyone else hanging in the wind and paying the bill through their taxes"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
39t0gx
|
why isn't the public allowed to read the details of the ttp trade deal?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/39t0gx/eli5why_isnt_the_public_allowed_to_read_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cs67mk4",
"cs67new",
"cs6891c",
"cs69ois",
"cs6g10f"
],
"score": [
3,
27,
13,
7,
7
],
"text": [
"*TPP / TTIP*\n\nMost probably because people can't complain about things they don't know (or give a damn, for most of those) about.",
"The TTP trade agreement/treaty contains clauses which are not in your best interest. Instead, it serves the interests of large corporations who have been working with the government in secret for ~10 years crafting the language. It changes the Intellectual Property rules and signatory countries have to change their domestic laws and policies to match the TPP. This will have a huge impact on the ability of companies to get pharmaceutical generics (low cost drugs) on the market. It also appears to allow international companies to effectively sue governments for enacting legislation that hurts their profits. The decision in this legal battle will be adjudicated in private, by a group of people not elected by the public, and their decisions will be binding, and will impact the legislation of the countries impacted. Many suspect this will lead to a loosening of the regulatory schemes in all signatory countries, including the US. In some ways, the TTP agreement raises large corporations and their desires above governments, and the desires of the public at large. They don't want you to read it, because you would naturally oppose it. If they can get it fast-tracked and signed off before you can do anything about it, it will be too late. Treaties tend to be binding and not easily rescinded.",
"It is an agreement made among those negotiating the agreement that it be done in secret.\n\nNegotiators argue that a trade agreement among so many countries could never be agreed upon or negotiated if everyone had a chance to read it because the debate would go on forever and it would never get to the point of being signed. There are elected officials allowed to read it but they can't take notes or talk about it. \n\nOne of the results of this is that the debate gets muddled in a way that is arguably to the advantage of the negotiators. You can't really claim that the TPP agreement is bad because you don't know what's in it. On the other hand, it's quite likely that it is not in the interest of workers or the less powerful because they're not at the negotiation table. In addition, they want a very limited time to vote on it, once it is released.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
"Our government is no longer \"Of the people, for the people, by the people\". One of the founding tenets of our country.\n\nOligarchy took over decades ago.",
"Treaties are often negotiated in secret because their provisions are all up for grabs. By that I mean, if I'm negotiating a treaty with Mexico, and I insert a clause saying that every Mexican must have a picture of me in their house, this obviously wouldn't be acceptable and public outrage might cancel the treaty process. But by keeping it in secret, the Mexican secretary of state can inform me privately that I'm ugly and nobody wants to see me, so we can remove that addition, meaning the treaty process can continue.\n\nThe big problem with this treaty is that it got leaked and doesn't look good at all. People want it revealed so it can be shot down, and they're probably right. It's political gamesmanship, but that's not a bad thing if it's in everybody's best interest.\n\nAny treaty should be up for public review before it's approved, though, and the US presidential cabinet, among other entities, have already signaled their desire to fast track it and not give the public enough time to consider it. That's also political gamesmanship, but maybe not in everybody's best interest."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
3hiuxc
|
why do little watch batteries last much longer than aa or aaa batteries?
|
I've had a digital watch for nearly ten years, still running on it's original battery.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3hiuxc/eli5_why_do_little_watch_batteries_last_much/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cu7qqwc",
"cu7qrii"
],
"score": [
8,
5
],
"text": [
"Simply because a watch battery, while tiny, only powers the hands of the clock rather than the larger devices that AA and AAA batteries power",
"Part of the reason is that a typical watch draws very little energy, especially compared to most applications of AA and AAA batteries."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
2r8ro6
|
why can't you erase what's on a burned cd?
|
When you burn a CD, you usually have 2 options. One lets you add and remove stuff willingly, but usually doesn't work on CD players, only computers. The other will work on almost anything, but once you burn stuff onto it, you can never erase what's there and burn different songs onto it or whatever. Why is that?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2r8ro6/eli5_why_cant_you_erase_whats_on_a_burned_cd/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cndi1b9"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"It's not called \"burning\" for no reason. Both CD-R (recordable - one use) and CD-RW(ReWritable) are written on using a laser, which changes the data on the CD with heat.\n\nCD-R is made with cheaper material that reacts to temperature and loses reflectivity - You read the CD with a weak laser that heats up the CD just a little, and you write on the CD with a strong laser that heats up the CD enough to change its data.\n\nCD-RW on the other hand has a material that reacts to 2 different temperatures: At around 700°C it loses reflectivity, liquifies and becomes amorphous (and less reflective) - But when heated up once again at 200°C it returns to its original cristallite form (which is more reflective, but not as reflective as a CD-R)."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
bf3zvo
|
why do i/people faint at the sight of a cut/injury?
|
Hello guys , firstly i would like to say I love gorey films with blood,chopped off heads and i have no problem with my own blood or wounds.However today my dad cut himself on the thigh , not too bad but requires couple of stitches. For 25 minutes i was looking at the doctor stitching it up , no problem . But at the last stitch , oh boy I turned pale , vision got cloudy and couldnt speak properly .Then i passed out for a whole minute. I didnt find anything about people saying an injury triggering it but blood. So if you have any ideas , i'm really curious about it .
Sorry if its been posted but i didnt find anyone with the same issue .
edit: Thank you all for the answers
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bf3zvo/eli5_why_do_ipeople_faint_at_the_sight_of_a/
|
{
"a_id": [
"elat96b",
"elau9z2",
"elbgdv8",
"elbwncs"
],
"score": [
7,
3,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"I’ve heard a few theories on this. The one that stuck was that it’s sympathetic to possibly avoid injury yourself. (Ie playing dead.) I’m not entirely convinced that’s the case, though. I think it’s got more to do with the stress of seeing something like that.\n\nI had an experience when I was learning to butcher rabbits where I almost passed out. It was hot, I hadn’t had breakfast, and the smell of the blood was really getting to me. \n\nDo you think it was completely visual? Or could the totality of the situation have gotten to you?\n\nEdit: [Here’s an article actually answering your question.](_URL_0_)",
"Please correct me if I’m wrong , but don’t you faint if your heart rate increases too much, and won’t seeing an injury or blood cause anxiety and fear in some people so intense that their heart rate will shoot up and they’ll faint?",
"There's an area in your brain that co-ordinates the balance of the output between your parasympathetic nervous system (rest and repair) and your sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight). Strong input from your limbic system (memory/emotion) can trigger this area to have more activation of your parasympathetic and more inhibition of your sympathetics. This signal travels down a nerve to your heart (vagus nerve) where it exerts its effect to slow down your heart. When your heart slows down too much, it's not able to pump out enough blood (reduced cardiac output). Not enough blood reaches your brain causing you to pass out.",
"Basically a stimulus results in activation of the vagus nerve resulting in a massive parasympathetic response without any sympathetic overlay. This parasympathetic overload results in dilation of the vessels without any regulation resulting in a drop in blood pressure causing you to faint. This is known as a vasovagal reaction."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://www.rd.com/health/why-people-faint-when-they-see-blood/"
],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
6l8tal
|
when a surface is between both of our arms how are we able to pinpoint where our other hand is on the other side?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6l8tal/eli5_when_a_surface_is_between_both_of_our_arms/
|
{
"a_id": [
"djryrib",
"djrysge",
"djs5ifu",
"djs9vmp"
],
"score": [
8,
242,
9,
32
],
"text": [
"The same way you do it when your eyes are closed or when its dark out... You have feeling in your hands and a general idea of where they are,\n\nAre you another one of those alien impostors?",
"It's a sense, called [proprioception](_URL_0_). Similarly, you can find your body parts with your eyes closed.\n\nELI5: you have a lot of little sensors all over your body that communicate with each other.",
"You have some specific nerves in your muscles that register their contraction. So for example of you would squeeze your biceps really hard with your eyes closed, you can still determine in which angle your elbow is in. When you combine all these receptors in all of your muscles you can estimate where you expect your hand will be. Together with your vision and experience in seeing your own arms in front of you this makes you quite precise in estimating where your hand will be.",
"you generally have an idea of where your body parts are located. however, in the case you describe, i think you feel the torque applied to your body. if your arms (or hands) are at the same location on the surface (but opposite sides), and you push your arms together, your body should experience no net torque. however, if your arms are in different locations, pushing on the surface would apply a net torque to your body."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[
"https://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/spindle/proprioceptors.html"
],
[],
[]
] |
||
624gnl
|
what is dissolved carbon dioxide?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/624gnl/eli5_what_is_dissolved_carbon_dioxide/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dfjo71v",
"dfjop5w"
],
"score": [
2,
7
],
"text": [
"It is just CO2 that has been mixed into a solution of water. Some of it will react with the water to form carbonic acid.",
"It's carbon dioxide that has been dissolved into a liquid, usually water. \n\nWhen co2 is dissolved in water, it's just individual molecules of co2 getting \"trapped\" in the mess of trillions of molecules of h2o. \n\nNormally co2 would be much lighter than the h2o, which would of course cause the co2 to simply bubble out and escape into the air, but there are more factors at play:\n\nFor instance: if you have an open glass of carbonated water, and if there is no co2 in the air surrounding the glass, the carbon dioxide is NOT going to stay dissolved for long. \n\nHowever, if you have a room with a normal glass of water, and the air is co2, and higher pressure it will force the water to absorb the co2, becoming carbonated. \n\nWhen co2 dissolves it's not like sugar dissolving. The co2 could easily escape and float away since it's lighter than water unlike sugar. So what you need is \"pressure\" to keep the co2 dissolved. If you increase the amount/pressure of co2 in the air, the water will want to reach a balance with the air, and it's forced to dissolve some of the co2. \n\nThis is how soda is carbonated. The syrup water is placed in a high-pressure chamber with pure co2 pumped in. The syrup water desperately wants to reach equilibrium with the air, so it absorbs massive amounts of co2. As long as the soda container is sealed, the pressure is maintained and the dissolved co2 will be in equilibrium with the air inside the can. But as soon as you open the can, the water now suddenly has far more co2 dissolved in it compared to the atmosphere, which forces the co2 to turn into gas and bubble as it attempts to reach equilibrium with normal air (which makes it flat, and gross tasting as it absorbs oxygen from the air) \n\nSorry this is a bit of a messy answer but hopefully you get the idea "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
55v7gy
|
why do storms have "eyes" and what exactly is going on in the middle of them?
|
We often hear about the "eye of the storm," but what exactly is an eye and why do they form? I understand that in general the eye is much calmer, but why?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/55v7gy/eli5_why_do_storms_have_eyes_and_what_exactly_is/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d8e1sjb",
"d8e21um"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"When air starts to whirl around itself (due to pressure/heat/speed differences), it can sometimes pick up speed. But when things go fast in a circle, they tend towards the outside of the circle; this phenomenon is referred to as centrifugal force, but it's really just the byproduct of the fact that matter in motion wants to continue in the same direction it is going.\n\nFor example, something going fast in one direction (forwards) gets slowly pulled towards a center point. It wants to go forwards, but gets pulled around the circle by the force pulling it to the middle. The faster it goes \"forwards,\" (in a straight line), the harder it is to pull it back towards the middle.\n\nSomething going really fast can't immediately turn on the spot -- that wouldn't make sense, because if it was going \"forwards,\" it would be hard to pull it into the middle. If it was in the middle, it couldn't be going forwards really fast; it would just be sitting still and turning.\n\n**So we end up with this little space where everything is rotating around, but nothing that is rotating is in the middle, because it's all trying to move away from the middle.**\n\nIn storms, this causes an updraft around the inner edge (the inner edge being the eye wall), which draws water upwards (and then throws it out the top and away from the storm, which is why it rains *around* the middle, but not *inside* the middle). However, we also get this weird effect where the air/water going up the middle causes there to be a pressure differential, and so air from the area above the \"eye\" at the top gets pulled down the middle. This air doesn't have water with it, so it's dry.\n\nAnd that's why there's a dry space in the middle of the storm.\n\nAt least, as far as I understand it.",
"The eye is the center where the \"hole is\" if you are looking at the hurricane on the news. The strong winds is all around that, and inside it is fairly calm. Back during Katrina the eye came directly over where I lived so during the first half it was crazy tornadoes and wind speeds but when the eye passed over we had about an hour of calm. Checked on the neighbors and livestock during the eye(had horses and stuff at the time). \n\nAnimals can sense bad weather and so right before the eye was almost finished passing the horses started going crazy so we knew it was time to get back to the house. Come to find out we locked ourselves out and that day we found out how easy it is to break into our house with a credit card. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
5covzr
|
why do we instinctively lift up our shoulders and tense up when we're cold?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5covzr/eli5_why_do_we_instinctively_lift_up_our/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d9y977i",
"d9yayq0"
],
"score": [
6,
3
],
"text": [
"To reduce the amount of skin surface exposed to the cold, we close up around our necks and press skin-to-skin as much as possible.",
"The tensing of muscles burns energy and produces heat. That being said, shivering due to cold temperatures is a very inefficient process due to the amount of warmth lost. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
33ztxq
|
why do people on reality survivalist shows bring firestarters instead of a lighter? it seams that a disposable lighter would work much easier and last more than the 30 or so days that they are in the wild.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/33ztxq/eli5_why_do_people_on_reality_survivalist_shows/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cqpxmx5",
"cqpxu37",
"cqpy45a",
"cqpy89h"
],
"score": [
4,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Because if they wanted to do things the easy way they wouldn't be on a survivalist show in the first place. ",
"Not sure to which type you are referring, but some firestarters will ignite wet wood. I would rather have one of those than a lighter.",
"Because a lighter is more complex device and much more prone to breaking or being damaged. Even the most durable lighters cannot compare in durability to what amounts to a pair of rocks.",
"Firestarters will make much hotter sparks that can ignite tinder that even a small lighter wont burn. A fire striker is also non-reactive, lasts forever, is highly durable, and will strike many more times than you can light a small disposable lighter."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
4pxe55
|
after a vote, how do we know the voters' stats such as age group, social class, etc, when the votes are anonymous?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4pxe55/eli5_after_a_vote_how_do_we_know_the_voters_stats/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d4oioks"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Exit polling.\n\nIn the United States, the major news organizations pool their resources together, and hire a polling firm to send pollsters to a representative sample of polling stations and the responses are coded by demographic information."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
chqnmg
|
how do people develop eating disorders?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/chqnmg/eli5_how_do_people_develop_eating_disorders/
|
{
"a_id": [
"euwij2m",
"euwxbg2"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Some people feel comfort from eating and, in times of stress, develop a kind of addiction where they must constantly eat to stay comfortable and happy.\n\n & #x200B;\n\nOn the other hand, some people see themselves as overweight and will do everything they can to not eat, or just vomit up the food (bulimia).\n\n & #x200B;\n\nThese are obviously extreme examples and I am nowhere near qualified to go into more detail, but essentially it works like an addiction to help the victim feel more comfortable.",
"My experience, but I did because of digs from friends and family about my weight. Little things like “you’re looking a bit more chubby these days” from my grandma made me feel awful about myself and I intentionally would not eat with the goal of pleasing those around me. Looking in the mirror I still didn’t feel like I was as thin as my peers (although looking back I definitely was) and I just starved myself until I felt I was good enough."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
pfetk
|
why does my internet get slower when more people are using it?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/pfetk/why_does_my_internet_get_slower_when_more_people/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c3ox2kq",
"c3oxbzg",
"c3oxc5o",
"c3ozuv7"
],
"score": [
3,
2,
8,
2
],
"text": [
"It's like a traffic jam. You can only squeeze so much data through a connection, and if someone else is using a portion of it, your portion is going to slow.",
"\"The Internet is not something that you just dump something on. It's not a big truck. It's a series of tubes. And if you don't understand, those tubes can be filled and if they are filled, when you put your message in, it gets in line and it's going to be delayed by anyone that puts into that tube enormous amounts of material, enormous amounts of material.\"\n\n-Ted Stevens, RIP",
"The internet is nothing more than a mailman. When you open a page, the mailman delivers the page to you a few bits of the page at a time. Bits are actually what the \"mail\" is called. He keeps delivering you bits of the page until the whole page is loaded. When you post something to a page, he comes by your computer and picks up your bits and delivers them to the page. \n\nThat would work fast, if your address was the only one on your mailman's route. You could send your bits and get the bits delivered only to you. The problem is, that your mailman must check everyone else's mailbox. He checks all the boxes on your network, and another mailman gets all the mail from all the networks in your area. All the mail from all the networks gets sent to a sorting place called your ISP. \n\nThe mail comes and goes from the networks to the ISP. The ISP sends the mail to a network that again sorts the mail for the webpages. So, the more the mailman has to pick up and deliver, and the more the mailman has to drop off, the longer it takes. \n\nIf you are the only one on your network with bits to send, and you are the only one receiving bits, you get fast service. Add a lot of other mail traffic, and your internet service slows down. ",
"When you use the internet, alone, the maximum speed of your internet is available to you. But when someone else in your houses uses it, the internet in your home cannot duplicate the same maximum speed that you have on both computers at the same time (let's say it's 1mb when you use it, there's a limit of course) so it gives you both a speed of 500 kbps, 50/50 (of course it isn't exactly 500kbps for both because it depends how much bandwith both of you are using it)\n\nImagine you're downloading a torrent with a speed of 1 mbps. Now your brother comes on his computer and is loading webpage which requires approximately 300 kbps to load. That lowers your download speed on the torrent 700 kbps because the other 300 is needed for your brother to load the webpage."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
ecnc43
|
why does it take so long for the body to kill a virus?
|
Specifically the Influenza virus.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ecnc43/eli5_why_does_it_take_so_long_for_the_body_to/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fbckwif",
"fbcx5gf",
"fbd1sk4",
"fbd9id6"
],
"score": [
27,
49,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"It's not the virus that takes so long to die, it's your body's defenses that take so long to stand down.",
"Unlike body cells or other types of cells, a virus isn’t alive in the same way that a cell is. It’s a bundle of RNA (a molecule similar to DNA that can hijack a cell and make it produce more virii) inside a protein casing. A cell can be starved so that it is no longer able to sustain itself, but a virus will remain intact unless it is disassembled by enzymes, usually in an immune system cell.\n\nWhat usually happens in the body is that the virus hijacks your cells and start produce more virii. Once there are enough virii in the body and the immune system cells start to figure out what's going on, they activate the body’s inflammatory response (this is when the fever and other symptoms usually kick in; it’s your body going into martial law and assigning more resources to fighting the infection).\n\nAt this point it's a matter of time until the immune system cells figure out how to produce the enzymes that can break down the virus; this is a process that can take many days, because cells that have not detected the virus yet are still vulnerable.\n\nAfter that, it takes a while for the immune system cells to seek out the virus and break down every last one of them. Or for every cell in your body to figure out how to detect the virus and prevent it hijacking them.",
"your body has to make anti-bodies to kill something. in order to do that they need to do two things: recognize the thing to be a foreign body and bad and have the immune system start producing anti bodies\n\n & #x200B;\n\nthe recognizing part takes the most time.and once it is recognized you are immune to it. thats how something like a vaccine works, it makes you immune so you can kill off a virus near instantly",
"To be really effective against the virus, your immune system needs to produce antibodies against it. \n\nBut antibodies are very specific. \nImagine it as a lock and key-situation, but you don’t have a copy of a key to begin with so you have to make your own through trial and error until the key fits the lock.\n\nThat’s why it takes a while to really get rid of the virus."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
9a4om7
|
what makes soap (bar or liquid) a disinfecting agent? is there a difference in efficacy?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9a4om7/eli5_what_makes_soap_bar_or_liquid_a_disinfecting/
|
{
"a_id": [
"e4sqeen"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"The basic premise of your question is false. Soap in general is not a disinfecting agent. Soap causes oils to become able to be washed away with water and so is helpful for cleaning, but it does not disinfect."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
3w1n3v
|
why do politicians want to ban encryption?
|
Big corporations like banks and tech companies obviously want to keep encryption. Educated people want to keep encryption. So who's supporting the ban? Are there actually that many stupid people in the US?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3w1n3v/eli5_why_do_politicians_want_to_ban_encryption/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cxsliyd",
"cxsmm3y",
"cxspsrq",
"cxsr20t",
"cxss3qn",
"cxssh4e",
"cxsuwdx",
"cxswjv1",
"cxsyr3a",
"cxt0c1h",
"cxtb6wk"
],
"score": [
30,
8,
4,
5,
9,
41,
2,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Politicians will say anything to get people to vote for them, including dubious claims to ban something once they get in office. Encryption is a scary word and most people probably don't know what it is.",
"Its scary to some groups of people in the world who dont understand it. Politicians latch onto that to manipulate more power for themselves.",
"Politicians don't require the support of their constituants on any given bill. The only ones that need to support it are the politicians themselves. I have yet to hear anyone say \"omg ban encryption so we can fight ISIS\". Most people have no knowledge of what any of it means, so they ignore it or simply share the popular opinion they were told.",
"People who don't want encryption don't not want encryption because they're stupid. The argument against encryption is that it allows criminals to freely communicate. In addition, digital evidence (hard drives, network traffic) is harder/nigh impossible to decode in order to read and present in court these incriminating data. There was a push recently for a required \"encryption backdoor\" by the US government for this reason.\n\nI disagree with it, but that's the argument. If you want encryption, you want more freedom for criminals to commit crimes. If you have nothing to hide, then there's no need for encryption. (Personally, I have things to hide: credit card numbers, social security number, phone number, address, etc)",
"They're catering to old people that don't understand technology and are scared by terms like, well, encryption.",
"SOME people who fight crimes/terrorism thinks that a better society means a society where we can monitor everything. Because if we can monitor everything we can fight all crimes. Fortunately some guy thought of this plan a long time ago and wrote a scifi novel to make people understand what an utterly bad idea this is.\nThat book is called \"1984\" And the writer's name is George Orwell.\n_URL_0_",
"it's easy, encryption is the only weapon agenst the state. and by taking that away from the people there will be no stopping on monitoring everything\n",
"Yes, there are that many stupid people. No offense, but it's usually people with lots of children living in post-industrial societies who have much more to lose and far less time to read who are manipulated by fear-mongering politicians. Encryption isn't going anywhere anytime soon though. As long as people have a desire to hide the knowledge they want to communicate, the language centers of the brain will find a way. It's why children and other marginalized populations always create their own slang, sometimes completely new langues (ie: twin-speak, cockney). Tribes in the jungles of Burma often live less than a few miles from each other and have some of the most diverse and distinct cultures and languages in the world because they don't trust each other.",
"It makes them nervous if we have secrets from them. (Only they are allowed to have secrets from us.)",
"It's largely a privacy vs security thing. Encryption allows people to guard their privacy by keeping out intrusive outsiders, and, most often, that's the government. But on the flip side, it also helps people who are planning, or have carried out, illegal activities to cover their tracks. You really can't keep one without letting in the other.\n\nIt's ultimately comes down to how much privacy you're willing to sacrifice to remain secure. Some people won't sacrifice anything at all on principle; others would freely open everything on the absurd slogan that they have \"nothing to hide.\" \n\nBut no matter who you are, we all do have things that we want to keep hidden. Bank account, credit card, and other financial information. Your social security number. Health information. And so on, and so forth. People expect that stuff to be protected, and that protection requires encryption.\n\nThe issue, I think, is that people expect that the government won't *arbitrarily* violate their privacy. They think, \"sure, law enforcement might spy on suspected criminals, but they'd never use those tactics on me because they don't have a reason.\"\n\nNow, I happen to work in the education field. Educational records are confidential. People call all the time trying to access our stuff. To be fair: most of the time, it's somebody who legitimately should get access (the parent or guardian), and we have steps to verify their identities before they get anything. But if you think it never occurs that people try to get information that doesn't even obviously benefit them, you're crazy. People check up on their neighbors, their relatives, their enemies, old acquaintances, ex-spouses who lost custody, etc. \n\nAre any cops ever the jilted ex? Do people working in anti-terrorism ever find themselves beholden to an individual who holds a secret that could hurt their career or personal reputation, so they might be tempted to spy on them to capture something to even the playing field? Do politicians ever want to monitor an opponent to find something to hold against them in the next election, even if it's merely unpopular (i.e., not necessarily illegal or unethical)?\n\nIf those answers are ever answered with a \"yes,\" then there's a strong argument that arbitrary violations are going to happen. Encryption is one line of defense.",
" > So who's supporting the ban?\n\nReactionaries, tech luddites, \"security moms\", law enforcement, intelligence agencies.\n\n > Are there actually that many stupid people in the US?\n\nAbout technology? Absolutely."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
a7l2fr
|
why is it that sometimes when we wake up suddenly in the middle of the night, we are physically unable to lift our upper-body up for 10-20 seconds or so?
|
Title
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a7l2fr/eli5_why_is_it_that_sometimes_when_we_wake_up/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ec3t9ey"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Its a chemical your body releases that makes you unable to move while sleeping so you dont hurt yourself while dreaming. Try not sleeping on your back as much if you feel overly \"paralyzed\" as that increases chances of a temporary condition, it's quite normal and I get it myself, called sleep paralysis. 20-30 mins after waking up I move slow, but it's not extreme. So I would try switching up how you sleep and if that doesnt work, getting it checked out "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
2dhm2a
|
the back of my mouthwash says "alcohol 21.6%", could you get drunk from mouthwash then?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2dhm2a/eli5_the_back_of_my_mouthwash_says_alcohol_216/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cjpk5o6",
"cjpk9w4",
"cjpkyvl"
],
"score": [
2,
9,
5
],
"text": [
"Yes. Kitty Dukakis did back in the 80s",
"People often do. The native americans here in Canada have a habit of buying and drinking mouthwash to get wasted.\n\nit isn't safe though since they added a lot of chemicals in the ethanol.",
"Yes, I've worked with some chronically homeless people and many of them get wasted on mouthwash and hand sanitizer also. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
e35edc
|
why do some shoes crease and show signs of wear more than others, despite the same amout of usage?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e35edc/eli5_why_do_some_shoes_crease_and_show_signs_of/
|
{
"a_id": [
"f912ft9"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Depends where the leather for each particular shoe/boot had been cut from the hide. Leather cut from the belly, for instance, stretches more that leather cut from the shoulder. It's luck of the draw when buying."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
2n7i5g
|
why do we yell "boo!" to show our disapproval?
|
And is there another word (or sound or something?) for this in other languages that people use in similar situations.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2n7i5g/eli5_why_do_we_yell_boo_to_show_our_disapproval/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cmb2q9v"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I associate Boo Hiss with reference to melodrama and its derivative,\npantomime, which would put it, in my mind at least, in the 1920s.\nIt is where the \"moustache-twirling\" villain comes from. It relates to\nlight entertainment, for the general public in the case of melodrama,\n and more specifically for children with pantomime, It belongs to\n the stage, and does not translate well to the screen. Although such\ngenres have long disappeared, they exist in the folk consciousness\nvia these small remnants. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
fxpm55
|
how did sex’s pleasure “diversify” from a mere motive nature has provided us with to help pass our genes to being obtained by different kinds of kinks and fetishes which do not involve or even prohibit fertilization in some cases?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fxpm55/eli5_how_did_sexs_pleasure_diversify_from_a_mere/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fmvpa43",
"fmvqqvc"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"I couldn’t use the word “evolve” as the bot kept removing the post for some reason",
"Apparently it comes down to consciousness. Your \"fantasy\" is the main driving force for arousal. Not so much the actual physical action of sex. (Addendum: a fantasy is a fetish)\n\nIf you think about it evolutionarily it makes sense. Your brain is looking for desirable traits in a mate because your drive as an individual is to perpetuate the species. Your best way of achieving that goal is having offspring with a mate(s) who has(have) the strongest genes aka the most desirable traits. \n\nSo if the most desirable mate is desired by everyone of the opposite sex (for reasons stated above) then you have to conjure up a \"fantasy\" (devise a game plan) inside your head as to how you will achieve intercourse with said mate.\n\nI think that's why they call it conscious desire!"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
38jmu9
|
what would happen to your body if you had chronic diarrhea?
|
I understand there is a possibility you can get dehydrated. That can also happen for many different reasons, because of the different kinds of diarrhea. Say that wasnt a problem.
I am talking about things like - would I have a lower chance of butt cancer because I have more water cleaning things out, would my bowels atrophy because they are not being used as much? Things like that. What would happen if I was immortal and was able to survive through all the horrible things.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/38jmu9/eli5_what_would_happen_to_your_body_if_you_had/
|
{
"a_id": [
"crvj3ds",
"crvjc8u",
"crvkzt5"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Yes, you can become dehydrated--dehydration due to diarrhea is one of the leading causes, worldwide, of the death of very young children and babies. I don't know about a lower chance of colon cancer, but I'm going to say that actually, you'd have a higher chance because one of the main causes of any cancer in the body is inflammation. Inflammation means that a body part is damaged in some way and the body is trying to fix it. Consequently, there is microscopic cellular damage that causes increased division of cells in the area. This raises chances that some of those cells dividing are going to make mistakes and cancer will be the result. There's also the issue of why you have diarrhea, to consider. If you have it due to eating the wrong things or eating things bad for your body, then it's causing upset all along your digestive system, which can raise chances of cancer. And if it's due to parasites, then that too raises chances of cancer. \n\nAs for bowels atrophying: well, if a person were to take laxatives or give themselves enemas frequently, this can damage your body's own system of signaling when you need to go to the bathroom. That's a known problem with getting too frequent enemas in an otherwise healthy person. Likewise, people with bulimia will often consume laxatives daily. These all will give you constipation when you stop. But your body will likely restore things to normality after some months.",
"Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities would be your biggest concern here. In addition, you would probably suffer from malabsorption and malnutrition because you won't absorb the nutrients you need. \n\nIn addition to this, you would likely develop a medical condition called diverticulitis. this disease is caused by small \"outpatches\" of blood vessels that supply your colon with blood. These out-patches are called diverticula. The more you have bowel movements, the thinner these out-patches get until they become a condition called diverticulosis. At a certain point they will become inflammed and you develop diverticulitis. Diverticulitis is an emergent condition that usually requires a bowl resection (removal of part of your intestines) in order to avoid a bowel perforation (spilling of your intestines into your abdominal cavity). Bowel perforations are extremely serious and can very quickly cause death. ",
"Living long enough to avoid getting cancer and the ravages of bowel atrophy would be the least of your concerns- a bad case of diarrhea is like not drinking water anymore- it gets fatal fast. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
24neyu
|
why can i use bootcamp to run windows on a mac, but not osx on a pc?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/24neyu/eli5_why_can_i_use_bootcamp_to_run_windows_on_a/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ch8sukt",
"ch8tmmq"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The biggest problem is drivers. You *can* run OSX on a PC, but you need to use hardware for which OSX has built-in support. I got OSX running just fine in a VirtualBox Virtual machine, and am pretty sure I could build a machine from the ground up to run OSX on. Hardware that OSX doesn't understand just won't work in an OSX installation.\n",
"Because Apple is a hardware company. They make software to support the sale of their hardware devices. That's how they work financially.\n\nOf course, a big part of the reason OSX is arguably a more stable and smoother experience is because it runs on a small set of known hardware certified by apple. Particular pieces of hardware have drivers required to run. Apple doesn't write drivers for other hardware because of point number one, so it it isn't easy to try to get it to work.\n\nYou would initially think that there would be some financial incentive for apple to release the OS for generic hardware, but there really isn't. They did it in the 90's and it killed them. They only want to and only know how to make hardware money.\n\nIf you want an OSX-like alternative to windows, try Linux. It's come a long ways. It's only a matter of time until Google really gets behind Linux as a desktop OS (they've dabbled with Chrome OS...)."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
1wh019
|
why is it that certain missing children are given enormous media attention, whilst the rest are not documented in the media at all?
|
It must be incredibly distressing if your child were to disappear at the same time of a hugely represented case. (Madeline McCann for example.)
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wh019/why_is_it_that_certain_missing_children_are_given/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cf1utpw",
"cf1uw2m",
"cf1uyqr",
"cf21fjj"
],
"score": [
5,
2,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Pretty white girl? Media goes crazy.\n\nAnyone else will be lucky if they are mentioned.\n",
"Money, race, and influence. ",
"Rich parents or interesting circumstances.",
"Maddie McCann case was something like this: Algarve is the prefered British place for the summer (and for some, to live all year). \n \nThen a british 5 year old, daughter of doctors or something like that (cant remember well) disappears. \n\nThe media goes crazy, parents and friends get interrogated and it starts to build up from there. \n\nBritish police blame Portuguese police, people start saying they have seen Maddie.\n\n17 or 18 years ago, a kid disapeared here in Portugal too, he was 10, Portuguese and from a poor family. The only reason he got noticed was because his parents, specially his mother, never stopped looking and from day one contacted the media and everything.\n\nThe mother never ceased to look for him and is frequently making appeals and yet, it didnt have 1/10th of the attention in these 17 or so years as Maddie had in 1 week.\n\nA 5 year old British white girl, daughter or wealthy people, ofcourse she is going to get attention.\n\nAlso, the media sometimes doesnt have a theme that is good enough so they throw some new crap for the consumer to buy regarding the case.\n\nAnd the British Police blaming Portuguese Police and vice-versa with one of the lead investigators blaming the parents (and getting sued for it) also helps gettting the attention.\n\nTL;DR: She was a 5 year old white British girl with wealthy parents and disapeared on a foreign country while on vacation, media went crazy, the police went crazy, everybody went crazy."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
1v7tsq
|
what does a share do other than go up and down in value, and sometimes paying out a quarterly dividend?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1v7tsq/eli5_what_does_a_share_do_other_than_go_up_and/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cepjh9u",
"cepjht2",
"cepjjlz",
"ceplu8y"
],
"score": [
4,
5,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"You've pretty much nailed it, although many shares (but not all) also give you voting rights at the company's Annual General Meetings.",
"It allows you to vote on any issue that the company bylaws require be approved by shareholders (usually approving directors on the board, auditers, issuance of new stock, compensation plans for executives).\n\nIt allows you to be paid your share in the event the company ceases operations (although you may get nothing in a bankrupcy).\n\nIt allows you to receive your share of the company's value if the company is purchased by someone else (either in cash or in shares of the new company). ",
"It is an ownership interest in the company. But it is generally the last in line behind the creditors and bond holders. Generally if a company goes bust, the stock holders get nothing.\n\nEdit: Stocks usually have associated voting rights also, but those are swamped by the large stake holders.",
"You are most likely referring to \"Common Shares\" which represent ownership in a company. Common Shares are usually given one vote per share in matters where shareholder vote is required. For instance, voting for members of the Board of Directors require shareholder vote. Selling the company or buying another company requires shareholder vote as well. There is another class of shares called \"Preferred Shares\". This class of shares do not pay dividends, nor are the allowed to vote like Common Shares. However, Preferred Shares usually have an exercise clause in which one Preferred Share converts to a multiple of Common Shares. Why, you may ask would one want preferred shares if it doesn't pay dividends and cannot vote. Well, in order to prevent a group of shareholders of Common Stock from taking over the company, the insider group will issue Preferred Shares to themselves in the event that they need to acquire a large block of Common Shares. They would convert their Preferred Shares into a large block of Common Shares.\nYou buy shares in a company in hopes that the value of the company, and therefore, the value of your shares will increase along with the company. Let's say a new company with a value of $1,000,000 has issued and outstanding 1,000,000 shares of stock. Each share is worth $1.00 and you buy a thousand shares for a thousand dollars. A year from now, a big company offers to buy the company for $1,000,000,000. Your original investment of $1,000 is now worth one million dollars."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
2n0b4x
|
how does it work when i'm on the verge of falling asleep, with body still awake, but i'm already dreaming?
|
Hi,
I googled around for 'dreaming while awake' and found that it might be a pre-sleep state called [hypnagogia](_URL_0_), and I found some ELIs here that seem to confirm it, but I don't get how the hypnagogia works in this case.
So I don't know how often this happens to you guys, but I get it quite often when I am really tired but trying to fight it and not sleep. Today, I was in class, typing notes at my laptop, but falling asleep. I tried to stay awake and kept my eyes open, but I kept falling into this dream-like state and the material being said in class was merging for me with the plot of a book I am currently reading. I still however managed to type my notes, and now that I look at them, they are a combination of what's being said in class with some random stuff from the book, so basically epic nonsence, but with two distinct source materials: the awake world & the dream.
How does this work?
**What is happening in my brain that I can still semi-process what's being said in class, keep my eyes open, and physically type text into computer, yet the dream already takes over my thoughts and merges into the notes?**
Thanks! :)
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2n0b4x/eli5_how_does_it_work_when_im_on_the_verge_of/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cm9n9mb"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I get that a lot when I'm really sleepy. I'm curious myself what's actually happening. "
]
}
|
[] |
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnagogia"
] |
[
[]
] |
|
egea5q
|
why are slick tyres illegal on road cars yet racing cars use them because they are grippy?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/egea5q/eli5_why_are_slick_tyres_illegal_on_road_cars_yet/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fc5zo7k",
"fc5zzel",
"fc603tu",
"fc62v4a",
"fc649by",
"fc6asq0",
"fc6g06c"
],
"score": [
35,
18,
8,
3,
4,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Flat tires are grippy on dry flat asphalt, but super slippery when it rains or really anything else, so they’re dangerous on the road.",
"Race tracks are carefully maintained and cleaned. Roads that regular cars drive on are full of debris. We also drive in heavy rain and weather. Tires that we use on regular cars are designed to still reach the ground to create grip under these conditions.",
"Because slicks Don't work in the rain or even damp conditions it's why almost all racing series either don't run in the rain or have to switch to rain tires. That and they don't last very long like a couple hundred miles at most.",
"Slick tires with soft material grip well on dry, smooth pavement. \n\nTires with tread grip better on rough, wet pavement.",
"Professional race tracks are meticulously maintained. They also use different tires for different weather conditions. Slicks are used in dry conditions. Different rubber compounds can be used. Soft rubber gives more grip at the expense of speed. Hard rubber gives less friction for more speed, and drifting, but at the expense of grip. They also do use treaded rain and snow tires for wet/icy conditions.\n\nRoad cars though need one set of tires that can work in multiple weather conditions. You're not going to be swapping to new tires every time it rains. Plus most drivers aren't typically as experienced as professional racing drivers. They're more likely to lose control on bald tires, which poses a threat to other drivers.",
"Have you noticed how race cars equip tyres much like yours when it's raining? Slick tyres provide more friction but they're not good at handling non-ideal roads or conditions. Slicks tyres are terrible at clearing water for example so they make the car extremely slippery. Even world-class drivers often crash if they are using slick tyres in wet conditions.",
"slick tyres only have high grip on hot and Dry asphalt which happen to be the ideal conditions of race tracks(mostly because at higher speeds and rpm they sorta \"melt\" into the track, which is also why they have horrible durability)\n\n\nyou cannot use these tyres safely on the road becasue of wetter condition basically making them have Zero grip."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
bv0ueg
|
why does using more of your credit limit hurt your credit score?
|
According to my bank it's best to use less than 10% of my limit, good if I use less than 30% and bad if I use more than 60%.
Because of this my credit score goes down if I use up more of my limit, even if I pay in full every month.
In my understanding someone who shows that he/she can pay back 100% of a bigger amount is more creditworthy than someone who demonstrated he/she can pay back 100% of a lesser amount. But the credit rating somehow sees this the exact opposite way.
So why is it bad to actually use your credit line, even if you pay back everything right away?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bv0ueg/eli5_why_does_using_more_of_your_credit_limit/
|
{
"a_id": [
"epjyhl1",
"epjz49s"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Even if you do pay it completely off every month, using the majority of your available credit indicates a \"reliance\" on credit. \n This means that a bank considering extending you would see it as a risk to give you another loan, as it *could* result in you overextending your buying power. That's why holding a high balance is detrimental.",
"Holding a balance makes you seem riskier in their eyes, because it looks like you might be reliant/have trouble paying it off.\n\n > In my understanding someone who shows that he/she can pay back 100% of a bigger amount is more creditworthy than someone who demonstrated he/she can pay back 100% of a lesser amount. But the credit rating somehow sees this the exact opposite way.\n\nThe fact that you needed to dip into it makes you riskier than someone who didn't, essentially. Also when the statement posts, they don't know that you paid it off yet (or will pay it off).\n\nThat said, credit usage has no memory (unlike most other parts of the process). You can use 60% for years, and as long as you drop it to 10% before you start applying to stuff, it's the same as if you kept it at 10%. It's a snapshot."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
75bf7w
|
just watched platoon, the deer hunter, and apocalypse now. wow. was the vietnam war really that bad?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/75bf7w/eli5_just_watched_platoon_the_deer_hunter_and/
|
{
"a_id": [
"do4uurw"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Yes. It was generally considered awful for basically everyone involved. You should watch that new documentary the other guy recommended. Wars are bad."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
3la6cy
|
why can't we use a giant magnifying glass to use the sun to vaporize garbage?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3la6cy/eli5why_cant_we_use_a_giant_magnifying_glass_to/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cv4ikqu",
"cv4j89c",
"cv4jns9"
],
"score": [
9,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Its not vaporizing. The trash would catch fire. Burning trash out in the open is one of the worst ways to deal with it. The fumes are toxic. Sticking it in a chamber, connected to filters and making electric energy from the heat, is much better.\n\nThe best two ways to decrease waste are\n1. Preventing it in the first place, by less or no packaging for example and/or\n2. Recycling!!!",
"You mean that giant magnifying glass lying over there?",
"Do you even 90's? burning rubbish is bad mkay."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
3a4wbo
|
why i find baby animals adorable but feel absolutely nothing for babies?
|
If I look at a kitten, puppy, duckling, etc, I have an emotional response that makes me want to care for it, cuddle it, love it, etc etc. But if I look at a human baby I feel none of these things. Why is this? Shouldn't it be the other way around?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3a4wbo/eli5_why_i_find_baby_animals_adorable_but_feel/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cs9ckle",
"cs9cw22"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"It should be the other way around.\n\nMaybe you're so repulsed by babies, because they cry and shit and you really don't want one, that it's over-rided your instincts to love and nurture a cute little baby. But cute animals have repulsed you that way, they don't cry and shit themselves, so you still feel the natural instinct to cuddle them. ",
"The reason for that may be deeper inside you. It may be genetic. You are driven by instincts to increase your individual reproductive success. That's why you might be repulsed by other people's babies, as they don't share your genetic code. They are not yours and therefore your instincts tell you that you should have nothing to do with it. This is why infanticide is common both in animals and humans (among other reasons). Not saying that you feel like committing infanticide or that you should (really you shouldn't, it is wrong). I just added it as a side note."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
23m4p9
|
survivorship bias or survivors fallacy... what is the most simple and easy way to explain this to someone?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/23m4p9/eli5_survivorship_bias_or_survivors_fallacy_what/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cgyca79",
"cgydxlf"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"During WWII bombers that came back had a lot of bullet holes in the body and tail. They started putting armor on these parts of the planes. They can only use a limited amount of armor because of the weight. This did not increase the number of planes that came back. A smart guy suggested putting armor on the parts that didn't have a lot of bullet holes because planes that were shot in these areas weren't coming back. It worked.\n\nEdit: The smart guy was [Abraham Wald](_URL_0_)",
"People complain that music today is all crap, and that the hits from the 60s, 70s, and 80s were so much better than what we have today. But they are ignoring all the tons of music that was produced in the 60s-80s that didn't get popular enough at the time to find itself in regular rotation on today's radio stations.\n\nSame thing goes for paintings, or books. It seems like every book written a century ago is now a classic. But there were literally thousands of books published at the same time as, say, Grapes of Wrath, that didn't get the same recognition, and have been forgotten about today. \n\nThe survivorship bias essentially means that while there are standout successes in any sample set, only studying the successes leads to you to make false conclusions."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://www.google.com/search?q=abraham+wald&oq=abraham+wa&aqs=chrome.3.69i57j0l5.8918j0j4&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8"
],
[]
] |
||
919xpv
|
how does the flushing mechanism work? on the surface it looks like water ia simply poured into the toilet seat.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/919xpv/eli5_how_does_the_flushing_mechanism_work_on_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"e2wgh44",
"e2wgkkg"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Usually behind the toilet is an s-bend. A pipe shaped like an S (but sideways in this case). The water sitting at the bottom of the toilet forms a seal to keep sewer smells out.\n\nGoogling a picture of a toilet s bend will be super helpful to understand the next bit.\n\nWhen the water level rises it pushes the water in the S bend over the edge to fall into the line to the sewer. The moving water causes a siphon (like you can do with a garden hose to suck the soiled water down behind it. \n\nOnce air gets through then it stops, and then slowly fills to the level of the s bend.",
"It simply releases a lot of water from the top bit down into the bowl. This forces out the, err, *contents* due to simple gravity. The reason that some water remains in the toilet is the [u-bend](_URL_1_). This is to stop smells from traveling back up the point. The cleverest part of the toilet design is really the mechanism which stops the water from overfilling the tank. The easiest explanation for that is [a picture](_URL_0_)."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Ballcock.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap_(plumbing\\)"
]
] |
||
1wvgsw
|
how does a company like at & t determine the type of internet traffic to your home?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1wvgsw/eli5_how_does_a_company_like_att_determine_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cf5qv6h",
"cf60iji"
],
"score": [
4,
2
],
"text": [
"They sniff packets. If your packets smell bad, they know you're up to no good.",
"Because they can easily see it, and various things about it. The whole process is called \"Packet Sniffing\".\n\nAn internet packet is a series of 1s and 0s, but there is a *lot* of information within them. Each packet contains information like who it's from, where it's going to, what port it's coming from, what port it's going to, and more. \n\nIf an ISP looks at your packet(which they can because they have to know where to send it in the first place), they can look beyond those initial headers of just who it's from, and where it's going to.\n\nIf they see that the traffic is on port 80, or 8080, they can very easily infer that it's a website. If they see a known YouTube IP address along with that port, then they know you are trying to download a webpage for YouTube(not necessarily the video though).\n\nIt's pretty irrelevant if the content is encrypted, because they can make a ton of these inferences, based solely on the amount of traffic, who it's coming from, and on what port it's coming from(or going to). If the content *is* encrypted, there are technically steps they can take to try and break that encryption, but that's another discussion entirely.\n\nThink of it this way, it's like mailing a letter. \n\nYour ISP is a bunch of mailmen, but instead of just them passing the letter on, only relying on the to/return addresses, they instead read the letter out-loud to the person who should be receiving it. Each letter is also color coded to match a certain type of letter. You don't necessarily have to follow this color scheme, but everyone does for the most part, as each color can determine how the recipient deals with the words being read out loud to them. \n\nYou, as a member of this system, can employ cryptography to disguise what you are *really* saying, so the mailman reads out what seems to be just a bunch of nonsense, but the recipient knows what's actually being said as well. But the ISPs can still try and break that cryptography to find out what's actually being sent if they wanted to(emphasis on \"try\")."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
f6hqtu
|
are identical twins and clones genetically the same?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/f6hqtu/eli5_are_identical_twins_and_clones_genetically/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fi4twoy",
"fi4u43t"
],
"score": [
2,
6
],
"text": [
"Yes, both twins who come from a split egg (\"identical\" twins) and their clone would be genetically identical. But 'identical twins' rarely looks completely identical.",
"Yes, but also no\n\n\nBasically, they are the same.\nBut trough the years our environment, age, nutrition etc does influence our dna.\n\nSo twins at age 20 are less identical than newborns."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
2xvms5
|
what happens to old phone numbers?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2xvms5/eli5_what_happens_to_old_phone_numbers/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cp3u8e4"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"a phone number is listed as 'out of service' for a period of time, longer for numbers previously assigned to businesses. Then it's reassigned to someone else."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
421di0
|
would somebody be able to swim in mercury and if so what would it feel like?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/421di0/eli5_would_somebody_be_able_to_swim_in_mercury/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cz6sphm",
"cz6sq6m",
"cz6tyc4",
"cz6u7m5",
"cz6ux04",
"cz72vhg"
],
"score": [
2,
6,
2,
5,
2,
5
],
"text": [
"You'd float right on top. It would be nearly impossible to move quickly. It would also be very cold.",
"Mercury is much more dense than water. A person would easily float at the top, but it would difficult to move around in. Although there would need to be serious protection keeping the mercury from seeping into the person's skin and causing horrible problems.",
"I've seen a photograph of someone doing just that in an old issue of National Geographic. He had only sunk about an inch into it. He was really sitting on it, rather than swimming in it.",
"\"Swim\" is a bit of an odd description for what you'd be doing. If you've ever put a sheet of polystyrene onto water, that's the level of 'not-actually-submerged' you'd be experiencing.\n\nYou would also go insane and die. Don't try this.",
"This type of question is common in many physics classes. The conclusion that I've read and understood is that in this case you would be able to swim just fine in mercury even though it's much more dense because the additional force you'd be able to exert pushing through the dense liquid would be proportional to the additional force slowing you down. You would of course have to deal with floating very high on the surface and then there's the problem of mercury poisoning. but you'd be able to move pretty well.",
"In a recent thread on /r/askscience, /u/DickHumbird did a [nice calculation](_URL_0_) to estimate that only about 10% of your body would be submerged in the mercury. The experience may be akin to paddling while laying on a surfboard in water.\n\n\n-\n\n\nThe [viscosity of mercury](_URL_1_) is only about twice the viscosity of water, while its density is almost 14 times the density of water. So the drag coefficient should be smaller in mercury. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/41zoi0/could_you_walk_stand_on_the_surface_of_a_pool_of/cz6ze4t",
"http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/absolute-viscosity-liquids-d_1259.html"
]
] |
||
10nst7
|
please eli5 why mormons wear special underwear?
|
why?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/10nst7/please_eli5_why_mormons_wear_special_underwear/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c6f4uuz"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"Mormons like many religious folk engage in ordinances like sacrament, baptism, communion or what have you. For the Mormons one of these is going through the temple and participating in an ordinance called the endowment. The special underwear is worn after the ordinance as a reminder of the promises made to God during the endowment. Yeah it seems kinda silly and odd, but many of faith engage in unique ways to remember their relationship with deity through clothing or jewelry. The special underwear, or garment as it is called, is on par with a rosary, tefillin, yamaka, hijab, wedding ring and even beards. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
2z1ffi
|
if criminal law has a higher burden of proof, why do all the big restitution payouts come from civil cases?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2z1ffi/eli5_if_criminal_law_has_a_higher_burden_of_proof/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cpetqbs"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Because criminal law is all about sending people to Jail. You virtually never see a criminal case that involves paying restitution to the victims. Civil and criminal cases are often created based on the same Crime. OJ for example won his criminal case but lost the civil one. So 2 cases but 1 crime. \n\nIn a normal criminal case the punishment is prison, not restitution. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
c3auf8
|
how does the tide increase/decrease the water level when the net amount of water stays the same?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/c3auf8/eli5_how_does_the_tide_increasedecrease_the_water/
|
{
"a_id": [
"erpqmkd"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The moon's gravity causes the tide rise and fall. As it move around the earth it pushes and pulls the water. The pushing effect, or high tide, is just water displacement. The earth ocean is usually in the shape of an oval figuratively speaking."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
5xpdaf
|
why do we stop enjoying some things we used to enjoy when we were younger?
|
I keep noticing the more I grow older, the less I enjoy things I used to like a few years ago. I feel that my emotions keep flattening out that I don't get the same pleasure I used to get from playing a video game or from watching a certain movie. Why does that happen?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5xpdaf/eli5_why_do_we_stop_enjoying_some_things_we_used/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dejvz04",
"dekac8d"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"I think we develop a \"been there, done that\" mentality in ways.\n\nI can not watch cartoons now. No matter what the topic. The irony is I just can't pay attention to cartoons.",
"Dopamine. Actually learned this from Game Theory a while back, great YouTube channel. Basically the feeling of excitement is caused by a chemical named dopamine. Imagine you're playing a brand new video game, you're very excited to play it because it's brand new to you and you're experiencing everything for the first time. Now 1 year down the road of you still playing the game, it's not nearly as exciting because the dopamine receptors are so used to the dopamine you're getting from playing that game."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
2gmayy
|
why did no great civilizations form in sub-saharan africa
|
I get that its not the most hospitable place on earth, but what about the great African lakes? It seems like sub-Saharan Africa was not even mentioned in history class until the scramble for Africa. And even today it is the least developed region in the world and burdened by poverty, starvation and violence.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2gmayy/eli5_why_did_no_great_civilizations_form_in/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ckkgfs0",
"ckkgoy4",
"ckkh40f"
],
"score": [
5,
5,
15
],
"text": [
"There were few domesticable animal and plant species, so people were unable to develop beyond hunter-gatherer tribes.\n\n*Guns, Germs, and Steel,* Jared Diamond.",
"Well, Wikipedia defines \"sub-Saharan Africa\" as:\n\n > Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara Desert. Politically, it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara (excluding Sudan)\n\nAnd from the same article, they have, among other things:\n\n* Kingdom of Kongo\n* Kingdom of Mutapa\n* Axumite Empire\n* Aljuuraan State\n\n... and so forth. ",
"Your premise is false, though. Several great nations, empires and kingdoms developed in areas we currently call sub-Saharan Africa. The real question you should be asking is why you were never taught about them.\n\nEta: It has been (rightfully) pointed out that this comment seems passive aggressive and a bit harsh. Definitely not my intention. \n\nPlease consider looking up the Songhai/Songhay, Mali, and Ghana empires on Wikipedia (don't Google unless you're sure of what you're looking at because a lot of those websites read more like wishful thinking than actual history.) There's also some interaction between Europe and Western Africa and the Sahel due to the various trades. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
5swmb4
|
how can the human brain be considered more "powerful" than a modern computer? what is used to measure this?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5swmb4/eli5_how_can_the_human_brain_be_considered_more/
|
{
"a_id": [
"ddidph0",
"ddie9bb",
"ddif6wc",
"ddifocf"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
14,
2
],
"text": [
"We can make simple estimates of data density for example.\nHuman brains are so dense in storage capacity that engineers can only dream of it for now.\n\nThere are several other reasons , problem solving being an important one, this is something modern computers fail at big time.\n\nFeel free to ask if you want something cleared up.\n",
"The brain made the computer. Everything the computer can do is a product of what the brain can do. ",
"u/ezbot0 made a really good post already. Info storage and problem solving are both issues for computers currently. However, those aren't the reasons that people talk about the power of the brain vs. a computer. I recently finished a neuroscience class and what I learned was that the brain is more powerful than any computer because of something called computing, or processing.\n\nComputers today are really, really good at something known as linear computing. This means they can work, or focus, on 1 problem at a time. This is why calculators work, because it's really easy for a little computer to do a math problem since any math problem can be translated into a linear sequence that can be broken down in a linear fashion.\n\nThe human brain is really, really, really, incredibly good at something called parallel processing. This means that your brain can focus on and solve multiple problems at one time. Lets assume you're reading this answer on a cell phone. Right now you are holding a cell phone, focusing your eyes, receiving visual data, interpreting that visual data, breathing, your heart is beating, you are maintaining your muscular posture, your organs are functioning.... and so much more. And all of those processes are being controlled by your brain all of the time, the vast majority of which don't require any conscious thought to do. That is the power of the human brain, it can do 100 things all at the same time. No computer on Earth could control so many complex tasks at the same time\n\n\n\nTL;DR: The human brain is more powerful than a computer because the brain can perform numerous functions at the same time, whereas computers cannot",
"Computers are extremely fast in everything they do. Whether that be data analysis or completing random tasks. But where they are considered \"lesser\" to humans is in the complexity of the tasks it performs. \n\nIn other words, human brains are great at *pattern recognition* (an example: we see someone's face or smell a familiar smell, our brain automatically populated with memories of said person/smell), *creative thinking* (ever hear in a movie about how AI's can't paint masterpieces or \"create\" anything original? that's basically the concept here), and many, many other complex tasks. \n\nGranted, technology **IS** slowly catching up with the human brain. Anything a human can write an algorithm for (step by step process that a computer can follow), the computer will then be able to do it way, way faster than a human can. For example, facebook, I believe, just recently created the face recognition feature for their app. Something we've been able to do since the dawn of man but that the computer, I assume, can do wayy wayy faster than us.\n\nHope that helps.\n\nSource: I'm a Physician, dabbled in coding in college"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
5irhm0
|
how are some diners able to serve everything in those 10-page menus that contain basically every dish there is? do they throw out tons of food?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5irhm0/eli5_how_are_some_diners_able_to_serve_everything/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dbaf6a4",
"dbailgv",
"dbaory2"
],
"score": [
11,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Diner food is mostly composed of various combinations of a few ingredients. \n\nFor example, you have eggs. With that and a couple other things you can make: eggs benedict, omelettes, quiche, etc etc etc\n\nIngredients a diner can use are often frozen, and they unfreeze a specific amount a day. ",
"They use the same base ingredient with different things around it. For example the same chicken pattie can be a chicken sandwich, chicken parm, chicken cordon bleu, chicken ceasar salad. ",
"For cheap diners, most of it is frozen. They have lots of cooling bins and freezer space. Smart inventory buying practices will prevent them from ordering more of something than they'll use before it goes bad.\n\nFor stuff they can't freeze they reuse. The chili is last week's burger meat. The chicken noodle soup is last week's unsold chicken. The fish tacos are last week's unsold fish fillets.\n\nBut mostly, they know how much of inventory they'll move week to week based on past sales data. They only order enough to last until the next shipment comes. With shipments coming twice or more a week and with coolers that can extend the inventory's lifespan, there's never a reason for (most) inventory to go bad. \n\nThe key is to keep all inventory neatly arranged so it's \"First In First Out\" to ensure you're always using the oldest stock of everything. Based on sales expectations you're going to use it long before it goes bad. \n\nSome places do throw out tons of food. Namely buffets and bakeries and such. Any place that has to cook food prior to a customer's order. In those situations they guess based on sales trends and then cook what they think they'll need. If it's a slow day they may have to toss what didn't sell. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
33ldyq
|
how did marijuana become stigmatized and largely illegal in the early 20th century when its international use prior to that is well-documented?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/33ldyq/eli5_how_did_marijuana_become_stigmatized_and/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cqm0bmo",
"cqm14wv",
"cqm1a6u",
"cqm24yj",
"cqm2m35",
"cqm304u",
"cqm39jw",
"cqm4g1i",
"cqm69lh",
"cqm6f6f"
],
"score": [
2,
61,
19,
4,
6,
65,
4,
8,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Marijuana was banned worldwide by the United Nations in 1961. In fact, many countries had no interest in banning marijuana, but did so to fulfill their treaty obligations under the UN.\n\nRead all about it here: _URL_0_",
"It was a time, remember, when various countries were banning just about every intoxicating substance they could think of. Including alcohol in more than one country, though that didn't last terribly long. Alcohol prohibitions were overturned because it was tied closely into the culture, including religion, and people weren't prepared to let things go that far for too long. There wasn't (until quite recently anyway) any comparable constituency to overturn bans on opiates, cocaine, or various other banned drugs. So they remained banned. \n\nThe question is why so many societies became extremely prudish about intoxicating substances around the end of 19th century, really. I've never seen a good explanation for that one, but that's not surprising. It would amount to a theory explaining fads and fashions, and anyone who figures that out will become the world's first trillionaire :) ",
"It's intoxicating effects is the excuse. The reason is because hemp was a direct competitor to cotton.",
"From what I can tell, because it was a black person thing. Alcohol prohibition got repealed because it was rich white folks who were upset. Marijuana? It was only the poor black people. Who cared about them?",
"I remember reading that it was mostly to try to slow Mexican immigration. Found an article explaining: _URL_0_\n\n\"That is an excellent question. Now that many politicians and the public are taking a more objective look at marijuana, many are asking how it ended up in the category of drugs deemed most dangerous by the Federal government (Schedule I).\n\nTo understand how we ended up here, it is important to go back to what was happeningin the United States in the early 1900’s just after the Mexican Revolution. At this time we saw an influx of immigration from Mexico into states like Texas and Louisiana. Not surprising, these new Americans brought with them their native language, culture and customs. One of these customs was the use of cannabis as a medicine and relaxant.\n\nMexican immigrants referred to this plant as “marihuana”. While Americans were very familiar with “cannabis” because it was present in almost all tinctures and medicines available at the time, the word “marihuana” was a foreign term. So, when the media began to play on the fears that the public had about these new citizens by falsely spreading claims about the “disruptive Mexicans” with their dangerous native behaviors including marihuana use, the rest of the nation did not know that this “marihuana” was a plant they already had in their medicine cabinets.\n\nThe demonization of the cannabis plant was an extension of the demonization of the Mexican immigrants. In an effort to control and keep tabs on these new citizens, El Paso, TX borrowed a play from San Francisco’s playbook, which had outlawed opium decades earlier in an effort to control Chinese immigrants. The idea was to have an excuse to search, detain and deport Mexican immigrants.\n\nThat excuse became marijuana.\n\nThis method of controlling people by controlling their customs was quite successful, so much so that it became a national strategy for keeping certain populations under the watch and control of the government.\n\nDuring hearings on marijuana law in the 1930’s, claims were made about marijuana’s ability to cause men of color to become violent and solicit sex from white women. This imagery became the backdrop for theMarijuana Tax Act of 1937 which effectively banned its use and sales.\n\nWhile the Act was ruled unconstitutional years later, it was replaced with theControlled Substances Act in the 1970’s which established Schedules for ranking substances according to their dangerousness and potential for addiction. Cannabis was placed in the most restrictive category, Schedule I, supposedly as a place holder while then President Nixon commissioned a report to give a final recommendation.\n\nThe Schafer Commission, as it was called,declared that marijuana should not be in Schedule I and even doubted its designation as an illicit substance. However, Nixon discounted the recommendations of the commission, and marijuana remains a Schedule I substance.\n\nIn 1996, California became the first state to approve the use of marijuana for medical purposes, ending its 59 year reign as an illicit substance with no medical value. Prior to 1937, cannabis had enjoyed a 5000 year stretch as a therapeutic agent across many cultures. In this context, its blip as an illicit and dangerous drug was dwarfed by its role as a medicine.\n\nOpponents of medical marijuana regulations claim that there is not enough research to warrant medicinal use, but supporters of medical marijuana point to the 5000 years of history where cannabis was widely used as support of its medical efficacy.\n\nNow that 23 states, plus Washington, DC, have passed medical marijuana laws, the public is questioning the utility of keeping marijuana under lock and key, especially in light of the racist and propagandized basis for making it illegal in the first place.\n\nIn just a few weeks, Florida, Oregon, Alaska and Washington DC voters will have the opportunity to put an additional nail in the coffin of prohibition by voting to legalize medical access in Florida and adult access in Oregon, Alaska and Washington DC. Changing the marijuana laws in these states and more to come is one of the first steps in dismantling the racially motivated war on drugs.\"\n\n\n\n",
"Supposedly, William Randolph Hearst didn't want to spend the money retooling his rope and paper plants to use hemp (retooling to use hemp would have also made his extensive timber holdings far less useful/profitable), so he used the newspapers he owned to run stories slandering cannabis. The term Marijuana itself originally referred to a variant of Mexican tobacco, but was re-purposed as a pejorative against Mexicans and blacks as a means of racist propaganda. Basically, cannabis remaining legal was going to make him lose a lot of money, so he used his fortune to help make it illegal.\n\nWhile Hearst wasn't the only actor vying to render cannabis illegal, he is the one most people point to as the guy who started negative propaganda against the plant, which led to things like Reefer Madness.\n\n_URL_0_",
"William Randolph Hurst. He owed many large newspaper printing companies and a new machine recently was invented called the decordacator(or something like that). Which made it more efficient to use hemp as a source for paper. Hemp, the male counterpart to Marijuana, is extremely useful and diverse in its uses. Hurst did not want to pay the costs to transfer to using hemp instead of wood paper, so he banded together to create a stigma for pot use, which wasn't even called Marijuana at the time. There was a campaign to demonize the users who were mostly Mexican and black, and it was said it made them rape their white women. Which is obviously false. So here we are a century later, still fighting the battle not just for recreational Marijuana use, but to industrialize hemp as well, in all of its varying glory. ",
"Basically the head of a newspaper agency starting propagandizing that marijuana would induce acts such as \"making white women sleep with negros\" and making statements like \"dirty Mexicans smoke it and go insane.\" These claims were put forth and used as evidence for congress to make marijuana an illegal schedule 1 (zero medical value) drug. \nHarry J Anslinger (newspaper owner) then went on to head the DEA and cage people for smoking a tree. \nLet's not forget that in the 30s the government put out their own propaganda called \"Hemp for Victory\" which displayed all the various textile uses for hemp.\nAnd finally, please let us reflect on the alcohol prohibition and how it led to figures like al Capone getting power. IN MY OPNINION if you support marijuana prohibition, then you retroactively support alcohol prohibition and all the crime that comes with it.",
"Similarly to the prohibition of many other currently illegal drugs, marijuana became stigmatized and illegal because of racism. To quote a comment I made in a similar thread a month ago:\n\n > Opium was actually only criminalized for Chinese at the beginning, whites and other groups could still use it legally, but it eventually became universally illegal. The genesis of this prohibition was racist fearmongering against Chinese laborers, some of whom smoked opium. Whites who sought opium headed to the segregated Chinese areas, which caused quite a bit of concern among white society. This came to a head when the white public feared that white women would have sex or relationships with the Chinese, especially as the harsh immigration laws against the Chinese restricted Chinese women and children from immigrating (this was also the cause of the proliferation of Chinese laundries and restaurants).\n\n > Marijuana became illegal through its association with migrant Mexican laborers in the southwest. The laborers would commonly smoke marijuana after long hours in the fields, though their marijuana was quite weak compared to the potent stuff commonly available today. The white status quo of the southwest wanted to stifle Mexican immigration and migrant labor, but they needed to persuade the rest of the country to have the federal government intervene. Part of their propaganda campaign was to demonize the marijuana used by the Latino community, including pushing for the usage of the term \"marijuana\" instead of the then commonly used term of \"cannabis.\" The first laws (including the marijuana tax act) against marijuana didn't actually explicitly prohibit it, they just required people to have a government tax stamp to grow, possess, buy, or sell it. The problem was that the laws were catch 22s, you had to actually already have the marijuana to apply for and receive the stamp, which meant that you would be admitting to illegal possession of marijuana by attempting to follow the law to obtain a stamp. This was later overturned when Timothy Leary himself sued the government and successfully argued that these laws were unconstitutional violations of the 5th amendment's ban on self incrimination. Marijuana was quickly banned outright after the court decision through the controlled substance act.\n\n > Cocaine was commonly used by every demographic at the turn of the century, but it was the association with southern black laborers that spurred its prohibition. The laborers used cocaine's stimulant effects to compensate for long hours on docks, in factories, and while working other strenuous jobs. The laborers also made fairly good money for the time and in spite of Jim Crowe, which was a bit worrisome for the white status quo. Soon, rumors began to develop of how cocaine made black people violent and unruly, likely to revolt against their white betters, rape white women, and flip the tables on their treatment in segregation. They needed to ban cocaine to prevent this from happening.\n\n > Source: The History Channel miniseries, Illegal Drugs and How They Got That Way.",
"This is a very big and complicated question. However the illegalization across the globe was mostly forced by the United State influence in the UN. \n\nA quick timeline goes as follows.\n\nHarry Anslinger(a prohibitionist) attempts to prohibit intoxicants. To get federal funding he helps push propaganda that Marijuana made minorities violent and turned women into sluts leading to public outrage! The people began requesting federal funding to combat cannabis.\n\nThe Federal Bureau of Narcotics is formed (Now DEA) with Harry Anslinger at the helm. Politicians start getting elected with a \"Tough on drugs\" platform, beefing up the FBN's power. To ensure Marijuana doesn't make its way into the US from other countries Harry Anslinger begins to meet at the UN and use US authority to force countries with industrialized Marijuana production to introduce legislation to illegalize marijuana.\n\nSo on and so forth until we're here. Hope this helped!"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Convention_on_Narcotic_Drugs"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.drugpolicy.org/blog/how-did-marijuana-become-illegal-first-place"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_the_United_States"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
176h0s
|
with north korea's nuclear testing threats targeted for the united states, why can't the u.s. or any other nation in the un take them down while they don't have nuclear weaponry?
|
The same question could apply to Iran, except they haven't blatantly stated that they are planning to attack anyone. Why doesn't anyone just get rid of the threat while it's easy. (And i mean just remove the government, not bomb the whole country).
Thanks
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/176h0s/eli5_with_north_koreas_nuclear_testing_threats/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c82na9x"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"The first issue is China, think of North Korea to China as what Israel is to the USA. Nothing North Korea does is without permission from China. If they wished for North Korea to stop what they were doing, North Korea would oblige immediately.\n\nThe Second issue is again China, in the same way that China has vowed to protect Iran from American advances should anyone attempt to remove the current regime and implant their own would cause retaliation from China. China would not allow the USA or Europe to take the country on their border. \n\nThe third issue is international law. Nothing North Korea has done requires military intervention. The capabilities of North Korea is very limited as we've seen with their recent trouble with getting missiles airborne. So any act of force would be greatly out of proportion.\n\nThe fourth issue is cost. The main country for attacking anyone it feels violates their right to rule is the USA, a country with quite a big problem with their own economy. The cost of intervention would be massive and the loss of life very large. The USA can't really afford to go to war again in the next few years.\n\nThe 5th issue is that as the USA has lost a significant amount of power in the past decade and the fact that the EU doesn't see North Korea as a major threat so it would have to do it alone.\n\nThey are a few reasons why, but the biggest one is that China would not allow the USA to intervene."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
3vwc4p
|
how does the new "hey siri" update on the iphone 6s work?
|
If you don't need to push any buttons for the phone to hear you does it mean that it's always listening?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3vwc4p/eli5_how_does_the_new_hey_siri_update_on_the/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cxra0nq"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The phone is always listening for the command, basically, yea. It's listening for the key phrase in order to enable itself.\n\nGoogle has had this for android for a while now, of course."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
6ojtg7
|
how was 9,192,631,770 cesium transition cycles chosen as the definition of one second?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6ojtg7/eli5_how_was_9192631770_cesium_transition_cycles/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dkhwczd"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Caesium is used in actual atomic clocks, and the first commercially-available atomic clock also used it. It was just a matter of convenience to use it as the standard for the second.\n\nPrior to this the definition of a second was based off of a calculated fraction of astronomical days."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
17gqu7
|
since pandas have a carnivores digestive system, and get so few nutrients from bamboo, why don't they eat meat?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/17gqu7/eli5_since_pandas_have_a_carnivores_digestive/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c85goj0",
"c85ihi8"
],
"score": [
8,
5
],
"text": [
"because they are desperately trying to make themselves extinct.",
"Because it works. Pandas have an enzyme that allows them to digest bamboo just as well as a herbivore. Also pandas don't JUST eat bamboo; they get nutrients from other sources as well."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
311td1
|
why do car doors bounce-back when you open one?
|
Chevy Malibu (2008) but true for other cars as well. When you open the door it swings back with some 1 or 2 intermediate stops in between. Why doesn't it swing smoothly like a regular door and just stay in place if I'm on a flat surface/parking-lot?
I find this very annoying that I have to hold it in place with my foot, especially if I have groceries on the co-driver side.
Edit: Thank you all for the explanations. It seems like this is an intentional design to prevent doors from dinging other cars and the 2 notches are to enable the door to keep the door in the position where it is left. I learned something new.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/311td1/eli5_why_do_car_doors_bounceback_when_you_open_one/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cpxs94m",
"cpxs96o",
"cpxt8fo"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Something is wrong with your door. it should hold in full open, and one or two less open spots\n\nThe \"wanting to close\" in other positions is a safety feature. You do not want a door that wants to swaing to open on a moving vehicle",
"You are saying that your door automatically closes? That is extremely strange.\n\nThe intermediate stops that you refer to should be the points where the door can remain open. These exist because it makes it easier to stop the door before it opens entirely (to not ding other cars) and to make it a bit easier when you are on an incline.",
"There is some smart engineering that goes into car door movement that allows you to handle it easily even though they are pretty heavy. The notches in the swing keep it from getting away from you. If you are parked on a level surface and it is closing on you then it needs to be looked at."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
fa74l2
|
why are the oceans not boiling from the heat of the earth's core
|
So I just heard about kola superdeep bore hole which reached 12000 feet approx and their equipment started melting. The bottom of the hole was still roughly 28 km from the mantle but the ocean is only about 8 km from the mantle. (Not sure if my numbers are completely accurate I used random google sources). Anyways I need to know why... I'm losing sleep!
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fa74l2/eli5_why_are_the_oceans_not_boiling_from_the_heat/
|
{
"a_id": [
"fiwfi29",
"fiwin8g",
"fiwwrd7"
],
"score": [
6,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Because of two things, convection and specific heat.\n\nThe water at the bottom of the ocean gets heated and hot water is **lighter** than colder water and rises up, colder water from the top replacing it. This is called *convection* and a similar phenomenon occurs in the atmosphere, causing winds.\n\nSecondly, water is very hard to heat. Metals get hot very easily when compared to water and moreover, there's a million tonnes of water to heat.\n\n\nTLDR, it's easy to melt a kilogram of steel than heat a million tonnes of water",
"Well there are some vents in the sea floor that release extremely hot water, several hundred degrees, but it doesn't boil because the pressure is so high down there, and it mixes with cooler water before it reaches the surface.\n\nAlso, rock doesn't conduct heat very well, while water does. You can find videos of lava flows underwater, you get a very thin layer of boiling water right at the surface of the lava, but the lava quickly cools and solidifies, and the water vapor immediately re-condenses when it touches colder water. Next time you boil water, pay attention to the bubbles at the bottom of the pan. To start with, some bubbles will form and hang around, this isn't water vapor, but other gases like oxygen and nitrogen dissolved in the water. A little later those bubbles will float to the top, and the water at the very bottom of the pan will form bubbles that start to rise but get reabsorbed before it gets to the surface, only once the whole pot is at boiling temperature do those bubbles of vapor reach the surface. \n\nNow just because the water's not boiling doesn't mean it isn't evaporating, and when it does it takes heat with it, and that happens faster at higher temperatures. \n\nBasically, the rock between the water and the lava is a better thermal insulator than the water is.",
"Increase in pressure means increase in boiling point. That's why when they show 300°C water at the bottom of the ocean it isn't boiling."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
z5xtw
|
why can some math problems be solved and others not?
|
What makes the six millennium math problems so much hard to solve than the one that is already solved? Can't we just work through the math, like when my teacher says that 1 + 1 = 2?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/z5xtw/why_can_some_math_problems_be_solved_and_others/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c61qcpp",
"c61u9hv"
],
"score": [
11,
2
],
"text": [
"Many problems sound simple on the surface, but can require some very clever tricks to solve. Something like 1+1 = 2 or (x - 1)^2 = x^2 -2x +1 requires only following a list of steps to solve. \n\nFor other problems, there is no 'list of steps'. A nice, easy example of a clever solution is the old story about adding up consecutive integers:\n\nA lazy teacher wants to keep students busy, so tells them to add up all the numbers from 1 to 100 (thinking this will take them quite a while). One student, however, gets the answer in less than a minute.\nHis solution was to 'fold up' the sequence, like so:\n\n 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 50 + \n 100 + 99 + 98 + ... + 51 = \n\n 101 + 101 + ... + 101 = 50*101 = 5050\n\nThis is the sort of clever idea that is *required* to solve new problems. For some of them, no one has been clever enough yet. For example, it has long been suspected that even number is the sum of two prime numbers. But no one has been able to show that this is true. ",
"When your teacher gives you a math problem, he or she is giving you a problem that people already know how to solve. So, for example, we have a method that we can use to correctly add or multiply any whole numbers; when your teacher asks you to solve 345 × 127, all you need to do is to apply the technique correctly and you'll get the right answer.\n\nBut there are other math problems, that nobody knows any technique to solve them. The people working on those problems aren't trying to apply a known technique like you do with your teachers' problems; they're trying to invent a technique to solve it. There's no teacher who can show them how to do it.\n\nImagine if your teacher gave you the problem 4,973,565 ÷ 3,765 to solve on your own, but he or she never taught you how to do long division. That would be hard to do, wouldn't it? Well, the unknown math problems are much, much harder than that.\n\nThen there's also another thing: there are math problems that we don't know how to solve, but also math problems that we know **cannot be solved**. The most famous of these is the problem of analyzing a computer program in order to prove if it will finish at some point, or instead just keep on \"thinking\" forever. No matter how you try to solve this problem, there is always some program that will defeat your method."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
88s3tu
|
why you sometimes get discouraged when someone ask you to do something and what’s it called
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/88s3tu/eli5_why_you_sometimes_get_discouraged_when/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dwmwkko",
"dwmxusr",
"dwmyojz",
"dwn18n6",
"dwn1i1i",
"dwn1rbv",
"dwn1up0",
"dwn26ik",
"dwn3tl3",
"dwn48ic",
"dwn4c5s",
"dwn9lrq",
"dwnaldw"
],
"score": [
199,
60,
14,
44,
10,
8,
27,
8,
10,
6,
239,
20,
10
],
"text": [
"Your motivation goes from being intrinsic -behavior driven by internal reward- to extrinsic -behavior driven by external reward. Intrinsic motivation is more satisfying and focuses on your own needs, so you are more likely to want to do whatever that motivation entices.",
"The other case of when you say you're going out to buy gas, and someone says, \"while you are at it why not go buy\" some sandbags for the concrete mixer, or some other errand. which makes a simple voluntary trip into some quest for unobtanium in the only color not carried and the wrong size.\n\nits an imposition difficult to say no to, and a punishment for communicating instead of just doing it.\n\nwhich sucks",
"When I convince myself to do something I don't actually like doing and then someone asks me to do that same thing, I become unmotivated because I know I won't get the feeling \"I've overcome myself and now it's done. Hooray!\", but instead \"Now I've done nothing more than I had to\".\n",
"I don't know if this has a name, but something quite similar is overjustification effect.\n\nThe overjustification effect is how when you are given an external incentive to do something it lowers your motivation that comes from your own internal incentives. \n\nFor instance, overjustification is like, you want to do the dishes, and then someone says \"I'll pay you 40 cents to do the dishes\" and you're like \"WTF? This is worth way more than 40 cents.\" so you don't want to bother doing the dishes any more, even though you were about to do them for nothing. \n\nThis is pretty close to the same thing, but without a clearly defined reward by the person saying you should do it. ",
"Thanks everyone, this will definitely help me!",
"When you do X after someone asks you to, X wasn't done as an end in itself, done because you wanted it done; you are less inclined to give someone else the pleasure of being obeyed than you are to meet your own end.",
"There are lots of great explanations here, but so far, no term for it.\n\nI'm not entirely sure but I've heard the word reactance used to describe this.",
"Current Psychology student here- the theory of motivation this is referring to is Cognitive Evaluation Theory as well as Self-Determination Theory. Basically, these theories of motivation are concerned with the beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the harmful effects of extrinsic rewards. People prefer to have control over their actions rather than have them assigned, as far as motivation is concerned. Extrinsic rewards contribute to the quantity of work while intrinsic rewards contribute to the quality of work. \n\nTLDR; When something is assigned, it becomes more of a chore since you are required to complete it rather than the good deed it was before assignment. ",
"Psych doc student here. Take some time to check out the 4 tendencies. This can play into meeting inner and outer expectations. Ya'll can take the free quiz here: \n\n_URL_0_\n\nIt can be really helpful learning your tendency and seeing how you best work with others. Check it out and see what you learn. Cheers!",
"Because I WAS gonna do something nice for you but now you’re acting like you can tell me what to do and won’t even appreciate the kind gesture.",
"I would like to take a look at it from another angle - while you were about to do the dishes all by yourself, you had a choice and you knew it. You chose to do the dishes. When someone tells you to do it, you lose your perceived ability to choose. Sure, you could refuse to do the dishes but there would be negative consequences now so you feel as if you were robbed of that choice. \n\nI remember reading about a study which boiled down to people less bothered by doing boring or menial stuff if they feel they can always choose not to do it. Unfortunately, I cannot find it. \n\nedit: ELI5 \n\"It is my choice, I could always choose not to do it but I don't because I am a responsible person.\" \nvs. \n\"Ah, crap, I have to do the dishes now because if I don't I'd get scolded. I can't choose not to do the dishes, it has become a chore now.\"",
"I've heard this called Bird-Dogging. It might be a local thing to North East Texas but we had bird dogs that loved to chase squirrels. But they wouldn't chase them until the squirrels were already running away. 8 or so years later we had another pair of bird dogs, and same thing.\n\nSo anytime someone would come behind you while you were already in the prep-stages for a task and ask you to do the very thing you were already going to do, we would say, \"Stop bird dogging me\".",
"It's been said below, but it's basically autonomy - your sense of self-control and independence - which forms part of your motivational state. \n\nWhen you have a high degree of autonomy, you feel motivated to do things, because it feels like you're doing it because YOU want to. When someone tells you what to do, you're doing it because THEY want to. That undermines your autonomy, which reduces your internal motivation (the I-want-to-do-it factor). \n\nSources: _URL_0_ \nDeci & Ryan's work on self-determination & self-efficacy is good as well."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://gretchenrubin.com/2015/01/ta-da-the-launch-of-my-quiz-on-the-four-tendencies-learn-about-yourself/"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/Testing_and_Integrating_Self-Determination_Theory_and_Self-Efficacy_Theory.pdf"
]
] |
||
44rg7s
|
why do some presidential candidates remain in the race even when polls show that they are not very popular?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/44rg7s/eli5_why_do_some_presidential_candidates_remain/
|
{
"a_id": [
"czsa1iv",
"czsa3yx"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"In some cases they want to make sure some cause they're backing that other candidates don't care about stays a part of the debate. In others, they want to boost their personal brand by making sure *they* stay a part of the debate.",
"They're trying to build their popularity and thus their brand, which will help them get set up with better connections in the future (for fundraising, lobbying, future campaigns, etc). Or they may even be looking to make a run at a VP bid.\n\nAlso don't forget, aside from Trump who is running on his own money, everyone else is campaigning for free (using donor money). So it essentially costs nothing of a candidate's personal wealth, and it's got to be the easiest way to skyrocket your national profile that there is."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
||
32oywh
|
why does dentistry seem so archaic, while other medical fields have advanced so far?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/32oywh/eli5_why_does_dentistry_seem_so_archaic_while/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cqd7dy1"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I think the keyword in your questions is \"seem\"... which means it's all perception here.\n\nModern dentistry is light years ahead of where it started. New techniques, technologies and knowledge are being incorporated all the time. Heck, these days they can use lasers to whiten your teeth and have all sorts of new technology to help correct damage caused by our crappy eating habits and laziness."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
90mwyv
|
what causes the sensation in your bones when we stretch?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/90mwyv/eli5_what_causes_the_sensation_in_your_bones_when/
|
{
"a_id": [
"e2siq3g"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I'm not sure what sensation you're referring to.\n\nWhen cracking joints like fingers or neck and back/vertebra, there is a compression of the fluid in between the space. The result is a popping or cracking sound as the gas is compressed out of the synovial fluid. Like when you pop a balloon. The result of this is a small release of endorphins, which is responsible for the sensation you may feel, as they have analgesic properties. The gas takes time to build up again, which is why you can't crack your knuckles constantly.\n\nWhen stretching or popping is heard outside of joints, usually it's a tendon (muscle to bone) or ligament (bone to bone) rubbing as it slides. Reductions in tension can alleviate pain. \n\nTLDR: Gas goes pop when you crack; endorphins release and feel good. Stretching continuously relieves tension, thus alleviating pain. \n\n"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
204orj
|
would movements of "titans" or other huge creatures really appear slow to us, like in all those video games/movies?
|
Or is it just a hollywood-thing?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/204orj/eli5_would_movements_of_titans_or_other_huge/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cfzqydz",
"cfzr1u3",
"cfztrh9",
"cfzu7uu",
"cg02g84",
"cg06bm9"
],
"score": [
18,
44,
88,
6,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"I have read an article that says that the reason flies are always able to escape from my hands when I try to catch them is because their prespective of time is slower. They see our hands moving slowly so their reaction time according to their prespective might be slow but to us it seem hella fast. I don't have the source of the article and using my phone to write this so it's pretty tough. You can take this example to humans and titans I think, it would seem to us that they move slowly but to the titans themselves they see us react very fast. ",
"This all depends on how much energy your creature has at it's disposal and what kind of strain its body can take.\n\nImagine a person throwing a punch. According to the [first page result of a quick google search](_URL_0_) the speed of a punch of a professional boxer is at about 9 meters per second.\n\nNow put that into the context of a titan. Let's imagine a titan to be 100 meters tall. That's about 50 times the size of a human. A human arm being 15cm wide, would be 7m50 for a Titan. While a human with the speed of 9 meters per second takes 16.6ms, while for the titan it would take 830ms, or 0.833 seconds. for it to be as fast as a human, or seem as fast, you would have to be A LOT faster the larger your body is.\n\nELI5: The same speed seems slower because you have to go a longer way.",
"It's not a Hollywood thing--but it is still at least partially an optical illusion.\n\nTake your standard blue whale. Call it 100' long and 190 tons. [See how \"slow\" its tail movement is?](_URL_0_) Only it isn't. Not really. Sure, it takes a bit more than a second for the tail to move from top to bottom of a single sweep. We move our limbs across their whole range of motion in a much, much shorter amount of time.\n\nBut that blue whale tail is moving dozens of feet, whereas our legs maybe only go five or six. So in absolute terms, they may actually be moving *faster* than we are. But because they're so freaking big, it *looks* like they're moving more slowly, because we expect bodies to move at the same *relative* speeds that ours do. \n\nOr consider a dinosaur like [brachiosaurus](_URL_1_). Estimates suggest that it was about 85' or so from nose to tail. Wild-ass guessing here, as we don't have any real data on the subject, but say it could move forward one entire body length in, oh, fifteen seconds. We can move forward one of our body lengths in a second, easy. But 85' in 15 seconds is just under 4/mph, a comfortable walking speed for most people. It'd actually be moving on at quite the clip, and if you were standing right next to it, it'd appear to be moving rather quickly. But stand back far enough to see the whole thing at once, and it'll look kind of slow, simply because of the way our eyes/brains process movement at distance.\n\nA lot of the other answers suggest that larger creatures really do move more slowly than we do, but I think they're conflating two different things: absolute speed and relative speed. In relative terms, yes, larger creatures do appear to move more slowly than humans do, simply because they're moving a lot more mass over a much greater distance. But in absolute terms, they're moving at least as fast as we are, i.e., they're probably moving their limbs across as many feet per second as we can, or at least something close to it. But because they've got a lot farther to go to cover their whole range of motion, it can *appear* that they're actually being quite lethargic. In reality they're probably moving at about the same speed we are, just over longer distances.",
"Also, regarding any walking giant, their gait would need to be slow if their feet were to remain on the ground. Walking is effectively a controlled fall - gravity acceleration would be the same regardless if size, so a larger walker would take longer for the foot to reach the ground again after lifting it to take a step. This means that a large Titan would either lumber quite slowly, or if it were to move quickly, I'd look like an astronaut walking/bouncing on the moon. _URL_0_",
"Professional 3D Artist here, majored in Animation. The best example of this is take two different people of vastly different heights. Say someone under five feet tall, and someone in the mid six foot range. \n\nTake them into two separate rooms have each one walk for five seconds at a normal walking pace; and you will notice that each person takes about 2 steps per second. Independently each will appear to be walking at the same rate. Which they are when distance traveled isn't taken into account. This is true for all humans regardless of size.\n\nNow have them do this same task but side by side. You will notice a couple of things. First is that in those five seconds the taller person will have traversed more ground. Why? Because their strides are longer. The second thing you will notice is that the shorter person while having traversed less distance will appear to be walking faster. Because the distance of each stride is shorter our mind perceives it as quicker. \n\nNow here is the additional reason that we perceive larger things as moving slower. Our mind automatically figures out how fast we would have to move to keep up with the larger thing. So back to the two human examples; if you wanted the shorter person to travel the same distance in those 5 seconds as the taller person, the shorter person would indeed need to begin walking faster at a pace greater than 2 steps per second. Making the movements of the taller person seem even slower and more deliberate by comparison because of the relationship of the two traveling together.",
"Look at a windmill. It doesn't appear to be moving that fast, but the distances it covers means it is moving EXTREMELY fast. In fact the tip of a windmill blade is moving somewhere in the 180-200 mph range. It is just an optical illusion based on the distance covered."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[
"http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090524214429AAzOqzk"
],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pjI2XkmoL0",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachiosaurus"
],
[
"www.dansdata.com/gz131.htm"
],
[],
[]
] |
|
5ybfra
|
fire door occupancy, what is it? and why it's important?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5ybfra/eli5_fire_door_occupancy_what_is_it_and_why_its/
|
{
"a_id": [
"deop8ke"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It is the maximum number of people allowed in a building legally because it is the maximum number of people that can safely and reasonably exit a building in a set period of time if there were a fire. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
||
1rkmxp
|
why do so many people on here support tesla when they only provide cars for the wealthy?
|
I don't quite understand it since they received a government to create vehicles but these vehicles are only for the wealthy.(which i know they paid off) I would hope to see if a company were receiving money from the government and creating a eco friendly vehicle they would make it available for the working class?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rkmxp/eli5_why_do_so_many_people_on_here_support_tesla/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cdo67xb",
"cdo685u",
"cdo69md",
"cdo6xvb",
"cdo8fto"
],
"score": [
13,
4,
4,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Because, in time, the technology will become cheap enough for everyone to afford. ",
" > I don't quite understand it since they received a government to create vehicles but these vehicles are only for the wealthy.\n\nA $62,400 car is \"only for the wealthy\"? Sure, it's no Corolla, but it's not like we're looking at Ferrari-level prices here. The technology itself is extremely expensive to manufacture, even after government subsidies. One of the goals is to make the cars popular enough that increased demand will help lower the price, since it will spur advancement in the technology used.",
"Shit costs money to do what they're doing man. They are changing the car industry like nobody has in a long time, maybe ever. They're breaking away from the dependence and allegiance to big oil (which caters to the uber-wealthy) and creating a self-sustaining model that, in time, will have lower and lower pricing. They are already working on a car that will retail for around $30,000. ",
"20 years ago, pretty much only wealthy people had mobile phones, and they totally sucked. Today, the average american has a smartphone in their pocket with computing power similar to a early 90's supercomputer.\n\nTechnology trickles down.\n\n",
"\"The average family income in 1901 was about $1,200.\"^[1](_URL_3_) At that time, the Ford Model T cost $850.^[2](_URL_10_) So, that equates to 70.8% of annual income.\n\nSince the Tesla Model S starts at $62,400^[3](_URL_9_) with a median US incomes are about $50k^[4](_URL_1_) for a rate of 124.8% of annual income, you do have a point that Tesla's are relatively more expensive. They don't cater to lower-middle class, but rather the upper-middle - or at least those willing to reach beyond their means. \n\nIndeed by the 1920, the price of Model Ts fell to $260,^[3](_URL_10_) and while - due to the great depression - incomes were only at $1,500,^[4](_URL_0_) this still ran as little as about 17.3% of annual income.\n\nHowever, it was not uncommon for cars to sell for a lot more. To start, by the time Fords had dropped to $500, a Chevrolet ran $850.^[5](_URL_6_) The 1910 National advertised at $2,500^[6](_URL_12_) or 208.3% average annual income. Baker automobiles ranged from $1,600 to $4,000 (roughly 130% to 330%).^[7](_URL_11_) A 1928 Duesenberg would have set you back $11,000 after having a coach made for it,^[8](_URL_7_) which is something like $145,000 in current dollars.^[9](_URL_8_)\n\nThe difference is, you can't buy 22 mid-range cars (now referring to the Model A) for $145,000. Gasoline economy cars can be purchased in the high teens (Ford Focus, Toyota Corolla), but certainly not the $8,500 that 17%-of-annual-income would equate to. To stick with mid-range cars (and thus compare apples to apples as best we can) we need to look at a Toyota Avalon Hybrid or Ford Fusion Energi which sell for $37-38k.^[10](_URL_4_) Ultimately, the issue is much like /u/AnteChronos stated, compared to a $40k car is a $60k only for the wealthy?\n\nThe sensation you might feel that \"both of those are expensive\" is really quite accurate, albeit a bit backwards. As I've already noted, you can't buy 22 new mid-rage cars for $145k. Indeed, for that to be the case, then they'd have to cost $6,600 and **no** new car costs that little. In fact, the $145k is really more like 40k * 22 = $880k, which only barely gets you into the realm of \"super cars\"^[11](_URL_2_) that can seriously be compared to a Duesenberg. \n\nIt's not that a $60k car is for the wealthy (if a Mclaren SLR is an A to the Bugatti's A+, and a Ford Focus is a D-, then a Tesla is priced like a D but looks and performs like a C+.), but that wealth is less equitably distributed now than it was in the 1920s.^[12](_URL_5_) The money still goes further, but someone else has all the money.\n\n------------------------\n > ^1 _URL_3_\n\n > ^2 _URL_10_\n\n > ^3 _URL_9_\n\n > ^4 _URL_1_ (Note the older sources say average and the newer say median. Since median (as opposed to mean) one way of computing average, it's possible, but I suspect unlikely that this is comparing apples to oranges.)\n\n > ^5 _URL_6_\n\n > ^6 _URL_12_\n\n > ^7 _URL_11_\n\n > ^8 _URL_7_\n\n > ^9 _URL_8_\n\n > ^10 _URL_4_\n\n > ^11 _URL_2_\n\n > ^12 _URL_5_\n\nedit: typos, fixed a citations 9 & 10"
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/learning_history/children_depression/depression_children_menu.cfm",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States",
"http://exoticcars.about.com/od/toptens/tp/MostExpensiveCars.htm",
"http://books.google.com/books?id=L-JCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA293&lpg=PA293&dq=median+us+household+income+1909",
"http://www.truecar.com/",
"http://www.cbpp.org/images/cms/11-28-11pov-f3.jpg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Baby_Grand",
"http://www.howstuffworks.com/1928-1934-duesenberg-j-series.htm",
"http://www.westegg.com/inflation/",
"http://www.teslamotors.com/models/facts",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_T#Price",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_Motor_Vehicle",
"http://www.chuckstoyland.com/national/19101914/"
]
] |
|
6hzmif
|
why is snapchat so popular and what do people actually use it for?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6hzmif/eli5why_is_snapchat_so_popular_and_what_do_people/
|
{
"a_id": [
"dj2dlqk",
"dj2dqmh",
"dj2ea0u"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"You have it down in essence. As somebody who uses it all the time, I can possibly shed some light on why it is so appealing. It's easier to send pictures of people and things through Snapchat rather than the usual SMS apps. You can take one picture and send it to multiple people at once, post pictures to public eye, use the chat function (text-based conversations), and apply that fucking dog ear filter. \n\n\nTo answer the second portion of your question, a streak is basically an indicator of how many days two people have sent pictures back and forth to one another. Just a fun little detail that is not necessary at all to utilize the app. ",
"It's not just private messages. You can also post pics and videos to your story which is essentially your profile for view to all your followers. Those pictures stay up for 24 hours. People post pics of where they are and what they're doing. \n\nSnapchat also has a section that collects news stories. So if there's a public thing going on, sporting event, parade, demonstration, fire or airport closing due to an incident you can see raw first person footage from people that were there.",
"People really like the filters. \n\nIt began with the novelty of deleted and non-savable videos. While sexting was certainly a use of the service and still is, but most people began using it for silly and goofy messaging back and forth. As the use has progressed snap chat stories and the filters have become especially popular. \n\nIt's like anything else. It's what you and your network make it. People have different reasons for using it as you'll see in other responses. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[]
] |
||
11enmu
|
do deer have depth perception?
|
and furthermore, what causes the "deer in headlights" phenomena?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/11enmu/do_deer_have_depth_perception/
|
{
"a_id": [
"c6lsgyf"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Deer have a very limited field of view that both eyes are capable of seeing. They only have depth perception for objects that are directly in front of them.\n\nWith eyes on the sides of their head, they don't have great depth perception, but the do have a very wide field of view of about 310 degrees. This allows them to see predators coming better. Most prey animals have eyes on the sides of their heads, while most predators have front-facing eyes.\n\nIf you have a cat or a dog, you know that at night their eyes can glow under some circumstances. To a deer, the headlights of a car can look like the eyes of a predator. When deer see a predator, their first instinct is to freeze so that the predator is less likely to see them."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[]
] |
|
51i119
|
why is it that we tend to turn the music down when looking for house numbers or street names?
|
[deleted]
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/51i119/eli5_why_is_it_that_we_tend_to_turn_the_music/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d7cfdvm",
"d7cgm8p"
],
"score": [
4,
4
],
"text": [
"You're reducing the amount of things your brain needs to focus on, allowing you to pay more attention?",
"Music simply acts as a stimuli in the brain. Stimuli can essentially be anything that provides a distraction to you, in this case its music. Selective attention is then applied in your brain where it is trying to process the specific house number.\n\nWe are constantly subjected to sensory information and selective attention essentially acts like a spotlight, only highlighting the details and casting any irrelevant information to the side of our perception. \n\n "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[]
] |
|
1sagle
|
what's stopping a cop from singling a person out for speeding even if they were going the speed limit?
|
Say you asked to see the gun which takes the measurement but he got a higher reading off another vehicle before you and wanted to target you specifically for any reason.
|
explainlikeimfive
|
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1sagle/eli5_whats_stopping_a_cop_from_singling_a_person/
|
{
"a_id": [
"cdvjw62",
"cdvk0ej",
"cdvkorl",
"cdvmkif"
],
"score": [
4,
3,
2,
4
],
"text": [
"Most cops have more scruples than to randomly target civilians for no reason. ",
"The cop's morality, fear of jeopardizing the job.",
"My state has a \"basic speed limit\" which states that you cannot drive faster than is safe. You could be doing well under the posted limit but if traffic, weather or other road conditions make it unsafe, they can tag you.",
"Remember: you're innocent until proven guilty. It's a hassle, but you always *can* contest a ticket, and it's up to the police officer to prove that *you* were indeed speeding. Usually, it comes down to some combination of police reports, photographic evidence (most police RADARs also take photos at the same time now), and the police officer's word against your own account needing to convince a judge."
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
|
5alb80
|
how do similar medications using the same active ingredients and doses (ibuprofen, caffeine, etc.) claim to treat different conditions?
|
explainlikeimfive
|
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5alb80/eli5_how_do_similar_medications_using_the_same/
|
{
"a_id": [
"d9hb2cp",
"d9ic4rn"
],
"score": [
6,
2
],
"text": [
"The answer here is marketing. \n\n\nA person with a headache goes into a store, looks at the medicine until s/he sees one for headache/migraine. It will likely have the same active ingredients as the one for back pain, for example. \n\nHere's a link to the [guardian article about neurofen's marketing practices in aussieland](_URL_0_).",
"It's a scam and Australia actually fined these companies for false advertising .. you can't take different pain killers for different body parts when they all target same areas .. "
]
}
|
[] |
[] |
[
[
"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/dec/14/nurofens-maker-admits-misleading-consumers-over-contents-in-painkillers"
],
[]
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.