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github_open_source_100_8_19878

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import logging import subprocess try: output = subprocess.check_output(["git", "show", "-s", '--format="%h"']).decode() commit_id = output.strip().replace('"', "").replace("'", "") except: commit_id = "" logging.basicConfig( format="%(asctime)s%(msecs)03d [" + commit_id + "][%(threadName)s][%(name)s] %(levelname)s: %(message)s", datefmt="%H:%M:%S,", ) logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.INFO)

github_open_source_100_8_19879

Github OpenSource

Various open source

using Munchkin.Core.Contracts.Cards; namespace Munchkin.Engine.Original.Treasures { public sealed class WishingRing : OneShotItemCard { public WishingRing() : base("Wishing Ring", 0, 0, 500) { } } }

github_open_source_100_8_19880

Github OpenSource

Various open source

var express = require('express'); var models = require('../models'); var router = express.Router(); // GET all products from database. router.get('/', function(req, res, next) { models.Product.findAll().then(function(products) { var result = products.map(function(product) { return models.productToJSON(product); }); res.json(result); }).catch(next); }); // POST a new product to the database. router.post('/', function(req, res, next) { var id = req.body.id || null; var p = { id: id, name: req.body.name, price: parseFloat(req.body.price) }; models.Product.create(p).then(function(product) { res.json(models.productToJSON(product)); }).catch(next); }); // GET one product using its id, from the database. router.get('/:id', function(req, res, next) { var id = parseInt(req.params.id); models.Product.findById(id).then(function(product) { res.json(models.productToJSON(product)); }).catch(next); }); module.exports = router;

US-34195208-A_4

USPTO

Public Domain

In one embodiment, the combination of “No Tip” and “No Delivery Fee” maybe alternatively defined as follows. When a customer purchases a productor service, the customer is only charged with the listed price of theproduct or service plus the statutory fees, such as sales tax, that areassociated with the purchase, even if the order contains only oneordering unit of the least-priced item sold through the MPS service. Ifthe customer uses a credit card to purchase, the buyer can optionally becharged with a fee associated with the use of credit card because itcosts a merchant to accept credit cards. The fee associated with the useof credit card is not charged to the customer if the customer uses cashto purchase. The customer is not required to pay any other expenses suchas tips or delivery fees. In one embodiment of the present invention, if a MPS entity sells anddelivers its own food with MPS delivery service and “No Delivery Fee”,the price a customer is required to pay for a product is the same as theprice the customer pays if the product is consumed in the MPS entity'sown store without delivery. When a customer uses a credit card topurchase a product, a fee associated with the use of the credit card canbe charged as discussed before, but not for the delivery of the product. The “No Tip, No Delivery Fee, and No Minimum Order” policy can be usedby other business opportunities such as grocery deliveries. One of skill in the art will appreciate that establishing a de minimusminimum order to circumvent the claims of the present invention may bedeemed to be within the spirit of the present invention and is deemed tobe covered by the invention. For example, if a company sets a minimumorder of $1.00 when the lowest-priced item sold by the company is $5.00a unit. Another example of such a de minimus minimum order is placing alow-price item unrelated to the seller's business on a seller's menuwithout bona fide business intention to sell the item. For example, inthe case of a restaurant placing a five cent straw for sale on its menu,and setting a minimum order above five cents (e.g. at ten cents). Inaddition, charging a delivery fee to a buyer and at the same timereducing the selling price of the item purchased by the buyer as a wayto reimburse the buyer for the delivery fee charged can be deemed ashaving no delivery fee charged. II) In another embodiment, a MPS entity may use the following system tospeed up the process of picking up orders: A MPS may contain many racks, which can be movable. In the beginning ofan order collecting process, the MPS entity can leave an empty rack to aBFP and a BFP employee can load orders to the empty rack after theorders are completed. When a MPS staff member picks up orders from theBFP, the MPS staff can push away the loaded rack and leave another emptyrack for the BFP to fill next time. A MPS entity may design a movablerack in a dimension that is conformed to the dimension of a deliveringtruck. Or, the MPS entity may design a truck with a dimension that isconformed to the dimension of a movable rack. These designs will allowracks to fit into a delivery truck. Each rack can be identified by a rack number. Each rack may be dividedinto cells (or compartments). Each cell may be identified by a celladdress (or cell number). A cell address may be defined by the racknumber, column number and the row number of the cell. Each cell may beinstalled with a temperature-controlling device to store food products.A sticker can be attached to the outside, e.g. the rim, of a cell. Thesticker contains a bar code (the first bar code) which contains the cellnumber that identifies the cell. When a BFP packs a buyer's order, theBFP attaches a shipping label to the outside of the order package. Thelabel contains a second bar code. The second bar code contains buyerinformation and necessary information to identify the buyer's order.Examples of buyer information may be: the buyer's name, telephonenumber, address, product information, pickup location information, thelicense plate number of the car the buyer drives, the description of thecar the buyer drives, etc. A MPS operator, or a BFP employee, isequipped with a device, preferably a portable device (such as ahand-held device) with a scanner. When a person (e.g. a MPS operator, ora BFP employee) loads an order into a cell, he/she can use the device toscan the first bar code attached to the cell and then scan the secondbar code on the shipping label. The scanned information is then storedin the scanner. A microprocessor in the operator's device then relatesthe information contained in the first bar code to the information inthe second bar code. One of skill in the art will appreciate that otherelectronic labeling technologies, such as those using RFID chips orother wireless technologies, can be used in place of barcoding. Theperson who loads orders to a rack can be a BFP employee and not a MPStruck operator. In this case, the BFP employee can use his/her scannerto scan the bar code on a rack and the bar code on an order and transmitthe scanned information to the operator's scanner. When a buyer arrives at the pickup point, he/she may identify him/herself to the MPS operator with information such as name, address ortelephone number, etc. The operator can key in this information to thedevice. The device then relays the buyer information to cell addressinformation and locates the cell that contains the buyer's order. Thehand-held device can then display the cell address of the buyer's orderto the operator. The operator can then retrieve the order according tothe cell address and hands the order over to the buyer. Because a person usually drives the same car every day, a buyer can beidentified by his/her car information. Such car information may be thelicense plate number of the car the buyer drives. The car informationcan include a description of the car the buyer drives, such as the makeof the car and the color of the car, e.g. for purposes of verifying thelicense plate number information. When a buyer approaches the pickuplocation, the MPS operator catches the buyer's car information and canenter the buyer's car information, e.g. the license plate number, intothe operator's device. The device can use the information, e.g. thecar's license plate number, and relate it to the cell address of thebuyer's order. The MPS operator can thus locate the buyer's order. Alamp or a similar device can be installed on the outside wall of everycell. When the device locates a buyer's order, the device sends asignal. The signal contains the cell address information of the buyer'sorder. A controller can be installed in the truck. The controllerreceives the RF signal with the information. The controller uses thisinformation to locate the cell that contains the buyer's order. Thecontroller then turns on the lamp on the cell. The lamp can blink sothat the operator can easily spot the buyer's order. A buyer's order may contain different items. Each item may be loadedinto different cell. To facilitate this, the BFP who produces the ordercan attach each item with a shipping label that contains the same buyerinformation. When a person (e.g. a MPS truck operator) loads an iteminto a cell, he/she can use the device to scan the bar code attached tothe cell and then scan the bar code on the shipping label attached tothe item until all items are scanned and loaded. A microprocessor in thedevice then relates the information contained in the first bar code tothe information in the second bar code. The device can display to theoperator all cell addresses with the same buyer information. Therefore,when a buyer's order contains items that are stored in different cells,the device can display to the operator all the cell address of the cellsthat contain the buyer's order. If lamps are installed on the outsidewall of cells, the controller identifies all cells that contain thebuyer's order. The controller then turns on all lamps on the cells onthe rack that contain buyer order. The lamps can blink when the order islocated. In this way, the operator can easily spot the buyer's order andcollect all the items in the buyer's order very easily. A rack may contain a set of lamps with different colors. For example, arack may contain a red lamp, a green lamp, a yellow lamp, etc. When abuyer comes to a MPS station, the MPS operator enters the buyer'sinformation to the device, the device sends a signal to the controller.The controller receives the signal and selects a lamp color, e.g. redcolor, and blinks all the red lamps on the cells that contain the buyerorder. When a second buyer comes to the pickup station, the MPS operatorenters the second buyer's information to the device, the device can sendanother signal to the controller. The controller receives the signal andselects a different lamp color, e.g. green color, and blinks all thegreen lamps on the cells that contain the second buyer's order. In thisway, the operator may separately identify the first buyer's order fromthe second buyer's order. This method can minimize confusion when anoperator is processing more than one buyer's order at the same time. A cell in a rack can be large enough to contain more than one item. Sucha cell may be installed with more than one lamp or more than one set oflamps. The controller may activate the number of lamps on a cell toblink according to the number of items in the cell needed to fill anorder. For example, assuming there are five roast beef sandwiches storedin cell B. Order A needs two roast beef sandwiches. The controller mayblink two lamps on the wall of cell B so that the MPS operator can seethe lamps and pick up two roast beef sandwiches from cell B to fillorder A. A LED, or a similar displaying device capable of displayingnumbers, can be used to display the number of items needed to fill anorder. After the operator collects the buyer's order from a cell, he/shemay reset the lamps. The MPS entity may design a decal. The decal can have a number and thenumber is registered with the entity. The decal can be placed on adriver's dashboard. A MPS operator can see the decal and identify thedriver as a MPS customer. The MPS entity can use the decal to replace alicense plate to identify a buyer's order. That is, a MPS operator cansee the number on the decal, key in the number to his/her hand-helddevice, and the device can identify a buyer's order. The decal maycontain a bar code. The bar code contains the buyer's information. A MPSoperator may scan the bar code and the scanner may use the informationto identify the buyer's order. The advantage of using the user's car license plate number to identifythe cell address of an order is: the MPS operator can read the licenseplate number of a buyer's car from a distance. The MPS operator canstart to process a buyer's order when a buyer is approaching the pick uppoint. There is no need to communicate with the buyer face to face inorder to identify the buyer. A license plate normally contains a numberof letters and numbers. The server may choose to use some of the lettersor numbers on a buyer's license plate to identify the buyer. III) In another embodiment of the present invention, a MPS entity canrequest a BFP to provide the nutrition information of the foods the BFPproduce. The nutrition information may include the calorie count, fatcount, cholesterol count, sodium count, etc. of a meal. The nutritioninformation can be displayed with the food the BFP produces. The MPS entity can collect a buyer's ordering history and use thisinformation together with the nutritional information provided by theBFPs to monitor a customer's nutritional intake, such as total calories,that the customer has consumed in the food purchased over a period oftime. The entity may do so by compiling a total of the nutritionalamounts in the foods the customer has ordered for the period of time.For example, if the entity wants to know the total calories the customerhas consumed within the last twenty days, the entity may collect thefoods the buyer has purchased for the last twenty days and calculate thetotal calorie counts for each food the buyer has purchased for thatperiod. If within the last twenty days, there are days the buyer did notpurchase food from the BFP, an estimate may be used to approximate thetotal calories the buyer has consumed for the days the buyer did notorder from the BFP. For example, an average of the nutrition count forthe days the buyer has ordered with the BFP can be used to come up withan estimate for the days the buyer did not order from the BFP. Theentity can calculate all nutritional items that are of interest anddisplay the information to a buyer. The MPS entity may collect a buyer's health information. The healthinformation may include: the buyer's age, gender, blood pressure,cholesterol level, blood sugar level, triglycerides level, etc. The MPSentity may use a buyer's health information along with the buyer's foodordering history to recommend a diet plan to the buyer. The entity maycome up with a list of recommended foods for the buyer to purchase. Thisrecommended list of foods can further be screened by the preferenceinformation provided by the buyer. For example, if a buyer has consumedtoo much fat and the buyer favors Chinese food, the server may recommenda Chinese dish with less fat to the buyer. The food items the entityrecommended in a buyer's diet plan would preferably be selected fromamong the food items sold by a BFP associated with the MPS entity. Ifthe buyer wants the MPS entity to use the Automatic Selection Method(ASM) to order food for him/her, the total nutritional value of an itemcan be a factor to determine the buyer's menu. For example, when usingthe ASM method to design a meal plan for a customer, the MPS entity canselect these dishes in a way that the total calorie counts of the dishesin the plan are limited to a pre-determined amount. When the buyer does not want to use the ASM method to order and prefersto order food manually, the MPS server can use the buyer's healthinformation and/or the buyer's food ordering history to advise the buyerif the meal the buyer is ordering is unhealthy or is healthy for thebuyer. For example, if the buyer's triglycerides reading is 1300. Thebuyer orders a regular coke to go along with his/her dinner. The MPSserver may decide that the sugar content in the coke is unhealthy to thebuyer considering the buyer's high triglycerides reading. The entitymay, at the time of receiving the order, advise the buyer that a coke isunhealthy to him/her. The MPS entity may do so by issue a warning. Awarning may be in different levels. For example, a red warning may bevery unhealthy, an orange warning may be unhealthy, a yellow earning maymean neutral, and a green warning may mean healthy. The MPS entity can post a warning sign with warning level to an itemsold on its web site. A warning level for an item sold is determinedaccording to a buyer's personal health information and/or the buyer'sordering history. A warning level for an item may be different fordifferent buyers. For example, a cheeseburger may be posted with redwarning sign for buyer A but is posted with green sign for buyer B. Asan example, by reviewing a buyer's health information, the MPS entitydetermines that the buyer's cholesterol level is very high, the MPSentity may post a red warning on the side of a cheeseburger, and post agreen warning on the side of a green salad on the menu sent to thebuyer. In this way, a buyer receives a menu with warning system that istailored to his/her personal health condition. The MPS server may hire ahealth care professional to administer such warnings. IV) In one embodiment, a piece of LAM (Liquid Absorbing Material) isplaced in a meal package. A MPS truck may be equipped with a temperature control device. Anexample of such a device is a heating device (e.g. a heater proofer). Acustomer's order, e.g. Sea Food Pasta, may be kept in the device to bekept warm. However, in this setting, moisture evaporates from thesurface of the food over time and the food becomes dry. A method toprevent moisture evaporation and dryness of the food is as follows: Whena food item is stored in a container, moisture evaporates through itssurface and goes to the container space. If the container is stored in aheated condition, e.g. over 135 degrees Fahrenheit, more moistureevaporates from the food surface and goes to the container space. Someof the moisture in the container space comes back to the food item as anatural process. At the beginning of the process, the quantity ofmoisture that goes out of the food surface and goes into the containerspace is more than the quantity of moisture coming back from thecontainer space to the food surface. The process continues. Eventually,the amount of moisture that goes out of the food surface and goes intothe container space equals the amount of moisture coming back to thefood surface. At this stage, equilibrium is reached. The evaporation of moisture from the food surface into the containerspace causes the food item to dry out. In addition, the imperfection ofthe container sealing or a leakage in the container body causes moremoisture to evaporate from the food. To prevent the effect of moistureloss on the food surface, a piece of Liquid Absorbing Material (LAM) canbe placed in the container. The LAM, acting as a sponge, is preferablymade of food-graded material and is preferably transparent. The LAM issoaked with liquid, e.g. water, before sealed into the container. TheLAM is preferably placed on top of the food to cover the food. As analternative, the LAM may be installed on the inside wall of thecontainer and is pre-soaked with liquid before the food item is put intothe container. The LAM supplies moisture to the container space andcauses equilibrium to be reached with less moisture coming from the foodsurface. This process reduces the dryness of the food. This device maybe used to improve the quality of the food during storage. The containeris sealed after the food item is put inside it. The surface of thecontainer may have one or more holes of selected size to releasecontainer pressure due to heating of the container and maintain propermoisture inside the container. A container that stores food may be installed with a piece of LAM insideit. When a consumer heats up the container with a microwave oven, themoisture coming out of the LAM can act as a steamer. The process canheat up the food item and at the same time keep the food moist. V) In one embodiment, a pickup location is selected based on the parkingavailability of the pickup location and the package volume of thebuyer's order. Because pick up locations may have different parkingcapabilities, some pick up location (such as a gas station) may have alimited amount of parking spaces, and some pick up location (such as ashopping center) may have a larger amount of parking spaces. In thisembodiment, the MPS entity sets up a rule for selecting pickup locationfor a buyer to use. In the rule, the MPS entity selects a pick uplocation for a buyer to use based on the available parking spaces of thepick up location and the package volume of the buyer's order. The rulecan be as follows. When a buyer completes his/her order, the MPS entitycan determine the number of packages in the buyer's order or the packagevolume of the buyer's order. If the number of packages the buyer's ordercontains is over a determined amount, e.g. 3 individual meal packages,the buyer is directed to use a pick up location with parking spacesfewer than a determined number (e.g. less than 20 available parkingspaces). Similarly, if the package volume of the buyer's order is over adetermined amount, e.g. 2 cubic feet, the buyer is directed to use apick up location with parking spaces fewer than a determined number(e.g. less than 20 available parking spaces). The reason for such anarrangement is as follows: Since the carrying capacity of a pickuplocation is fixed, assigning more buyers with larger number of orders touse a pickup location would result lesser buyers coming to the pickuplocation to pick up orders. The method can reduce the traffic conditionin a pickup location where parking space is limited. Because traffic condition is less of an issue with a pick up locationwith a large number of parking spaces, it is therefore logical to assignbuyers with lesser packages to such a pick up location. The MPS entity can ask the owner of a pick up location to provideparking space availability information. The MPS entity can use thisinformation to group pick up locations into groups. The grouping ofpickup locations can be based on the number of parking spaces in apickup location. For example, a pick up location with fewer than 20parking spaces may be classified as group one. A pick up location withparking spaces between 20 and 50 may be classified as group two. Apickup location with over 50 parking spaces may be classified as groupthree, etc. When a buyer completes his/her order, the seller or the MPSentity can calculate the total number of packages, or the total packagevolume, of the buyer's order. The MPS entity then groups buyers intogroups according to the number of packages in a buyer's order or thepackage volume of a buyer's order. The MPS entity then uses the parkingspace grouping information and the packaging number grouping informationto release a pickup location to a buyer. For example, a buyer who picksup an order with over three packages may be directed to use a pick uplocation in group one. A buyer who picks up an order with two or threepackages may be directed to pick up his/her order at a pick up locationin group two. A buyer who picks up an order with only one package may bedirected to pick up his/her order in group three. In case the MPS entity allows a buyer to select the buyer's desiredpickup location to use, the MPS server may display to the buyer thepickup locations that satisfy the above selection rules. The MPS servercan hide the pick up points determined not satisfying the selectionrules from the buyer so that the buyer may not have the opportunity toselect these pick up points. Many times, the purchase price of an order is in relationship to thequantity of products a buyer purchases. The server may use the dollaramount (the purchase price) of the order as a guide to assign pick uppoints. In this case, an order with a larger dollar amount may beassumed to contain a larger quantity of products or with a largerpackage volume. The order is thus assigned to a pick up location withfewer available parking spaces. By the same token, an order with asmaller dollar amount may be assumed to contain a smaller quantity oforders or a smaller package volume. The order is thus assigned to a pickup point with more available parking spaces. Generally speaking, the size of the premises of a pickup location has apositive correlation with its parking availability. For example, afour-acre shopping center would have more parking spaces than athree-acre shopping center. Therefore, a MPS entity may use the size ofthe premises of a pickup location as a base to estimate the parkingavailability of the pickup location and use it as a parameter to selectpickup location. VI). In one embodiment, the MPS server can use a buyer's physicaladdress, e.g. home address and/or office address, to project (or toidentity) a segment of the user's travel route and uses this informationto select pick up points. In one embodiment, the MPS server uses abuyer's home address, or office address, or both, to project the pickuplocation, e.g. a gas station or a shopping center, the buyer most likelyto pass when the buyer commutes. The MPS server can project the pickuplocation as a pickup location that is very convenient for the buyer touse. The MPS server can project the pickup location as the buyer'spreferred pickup location and delivers the buyer's order to the pickuplocation waiting for the buyer to pick up the order. In one option of the embodiment, the server uses the buyer's physicaladdress (e.g. home address or office address) as a reference point tosearch for (and/or to display) the highways or major streets around theaddress. Once the highways/major streets are identified, the server maydisplay the pre-arranged pick up locations along these highways orstreets for selection. A pre-arranged pickup location can be a gasstation or a shopping center. The MPS entity may display these pickuplocations for the buyer to select. The entity may select a pickuplocation among these pickup locations and assign the pickup location forthe buyer to use. Refer to FIG. 14 as an example, H 3275 is the buyer's home. The servercan use the buyer's home address H 3275 to identify the highway (s)around the buyer's home. In the example, Highway 10 3210 and Highway 60(not shown) are highways around the buyer's home. The MPS entity canfirst calculate the distance of each exit on Highway 10 or Highway 60 tothe buyer's home. Using the information, the MPS server may select adetermined number and finds the determined number of exits on a highwaythat are closest to the buyer's home. For example, the server may selecttwo exits, M 3232 and N 3242, on Highway 10 that are closest to thebuyer's home H 3275. Because route MRH connects M 3232 to the buyer'shome H 3275, the server can assume that the buyer may travel throughroute MRH when the buyer commutes and can release a pickup point, e.g. P3236, along MRH to the buyer for the buyer's use. In the example, HWY 10can be a major street and M3232 can be an intersection of the majorstreet with another street. A route segment such as MRH that connects ahighway exit or a major street intersection to a buyer's home is termed“Exiting Segment”. There may be many routes that connect a highway exitand a buyer's home. In this embodiment, the MPS entity searches andidentifies a highway or a major street around the buyer's physicaladdress and find the shortest Exiting Segment (the Preferred ExitingSegment). The MPS entity then searches for gas stations, shoppingcenters, or locations where parking is available for MPS stations topark along the Segment. The MPS entity can then display these pickuplocations for the buyer to select. The entity can, among these pickuplocations, select a pickup location and assign the pickup location tothe buyer to use. Before a pickup location (e.g. a gas station or a shopping center) isselected, the entity needs to register the address of the pickuplocation in its database. Once a pickup location is selected, either bythe MPS entity or by the buyer, the entity needs to transmit the addressof the pickup location and the buyer's order to the producing BFP. TheBFP can relate the buyer's order to the pickup location the buyersupposed to arrive at to pick up his/her order. The BFP can use theinformation to print a packing label. The label will be attached to theorder so that a MPS operator can identify the order. The MPS server may define the meaning of “major street”. For example, amajor street may be a street with over a determined amount of trafficwithin a determined amount of time. Instead of projecting a buyer's “Preferred Exiting Segment” asdescribed, the MPS server may allow a buyer to identify the exit and thestreets the buyer prefers to use when a buyer commutes and use thisinformation to build the buyer's Preferred “Exiting Segment”. Once abuyer's Preferred “Exiting Segment” is determined, the MPS entity canrelease a pickup location along the Preferred “Exiting Segment” for thebuyer to use. The MPS entity may collect the “Preferred Exiting Segment” for otherbuyers and overlap these routes to determine an overlapped segment asdescribed before. Pickup points may be selected along the overlappedPreferred “Exiting Segment” with the method discussed previously. Once a buyer's Preferred “Exiting Segment” is defined, the MPS entitycan select a channel width or allow the buyer to select a channel widthalong the route. The MPS entity can build a channel along the routeusing the method discussed before. The MPS entity can select a pickuplocation within the channeled area for the buyer to use. In one embodiment, the MPS entity may ask a buyer to indicate thedirection of traveling when the buyer travels on a highway or a majorstreet. The entity may use this information to project the exit thebuyer uses when the buyer travels to his/her travel destination. Forexample, if the buyer indicates that he/she is traveling on highway Xand traveling towards direction Y. If Z is the closest exit on highway Xto the customer's destination from among the exits accessible from thedirection the customer is traveling. Z can be projected as the exit thebuyer uses. For example, if the buyer uses highway 10 and travelseastbound when he/she goes home, the MPS entity may project M 3232 asthe exit the buyer uses because it is the closest exit to the buyer'shome and is west of the buyer's home. Instead of projecting a buyer's preferred exit, the MPS entity may allowthe user to select a highway and indicate the highway exit the buyerprefers to use. Once a buyer's preferred exit is identified, either by projection or thebuyer's input, the MPS entity can use it as an parameter to release thepre-arranged gas stations or shopping centers around it for the buyer touse. The MPS entity may determine a distance around an exit. With theexit and the distance, the MPS entity can define an area. The MPS entitycan release all pre-arranged gas stations or shopping centers within thearea to the buyer to be uses as pickup locations. Or, the MPS entity mayallow the buyer to define a distance from the exit. The distance and theexit can define an area. The MPS entity may release all pre-arranged gasstations or shopping centers within the area to the buyer to be used aspickup locations. In one embodiment, the MPS entity uses the telephone number or theaddress of the buyer's travel origin (the place the buyer starts totravel, such as the buyer's office) to project the buyer's traveldirection when the buyer travels. For example, the server can collectthe buyer's office address or telephone number. By knowing the buyer'stelephone number or office address, the server can determine thedirection of the buyer's office relative to the buyer's home. The servercan then project the direction the buyer will travel when the buyer goeshome from work. In one embodiment, the MPS entity can identify the exits on the highwaysaround a buyer's physical address. The MPS server then calculates allExiting Segments. As discussed, an Exiting Segment connects a highwayexit with the buyer's physical address. The MPS server then identifiesthe shortest Exiting Segment. The exit that connects the buyer's homewith the shortest Exiting Segment can be projected as the buyer'spreferred exit. In one embodiment, the MPS entity can release the pickup locations thatlocate in the area between a buyer's preferred exit and the buyer's hometo the buyer to use. The area between the preferred exit and the buyer'shome may be defined as follows: The MPS entity connects the buyer'spreferred exit and the buyer's home with a straight line. The MPS entitycan draw a line that is vertical to the straight line from the preferredexit. The MPS entity can draw another line from the buyer's home that isalso vertical to the straight line. The space between the two lines canbe defined as “the area in between the exit and the buyer's home”. Forexample, in FIG. 14, assuming M 3232 is the buyer's preferred exit and H3275 is the buyer's home. The MPS entity draws a line MH that connects M3232 and H 3275. The MPS entity then draws a line at M 3232 that isvertical to line MH. The MPS entity draws another line at H 3275 that isalso vertical to line MH. The pickup locations that are between thesetwo lines can be displayed for buyer to use. Further, the MPS entity canselect a distance or let a buyer to select a distance from the straightline, e.g. MH, and build a channel along the straight line. The channeldefines an area and the MPS entity can display pickup locations withinthis area for buyer to use. In the embodiment, H 3275 may be the buyer'soffice and M 3232 may be the preferred exit the buyer uses when thebuyer goes to/from work. The MPS entity may then select a pickuplocation between buyer's office and the preferred exit for the buyer touse. Each embodiment can be used in combination with zip code, telephonenumber, city name or landmark in identifying pick up points. Anidentifier, such as a zip code, a telephone number, or a city name, candefine and cover an area. When such an identifier is used for pickuplocation selections, the MPS entity may identify the highways covered bythe identifier. The server can select a highway within the identifierthat is the closet to a buyer's home or office. The server can identifythe exit on the highway that is the closest to the buyer's home oroffice. The server also can identify the driving route that connects theexit and the buyer's home or office. The server may project the drivingroute as the route most likely to be used by the buyer and place pickuplocations along the route for the buyer to use. A gas station or ashopping center parking lot that is along the route may be a goodcandidate for pickup point selection. As an option, the server cansimply identify the exits on the highway that are the closest to thebuyer's home or office and identify the off-ramp street that connect tothe exit. The server may project the off-ramp street as the route mostlikely to be used by the buyer. The server can place pickup locationsalong the off-ramp street. A gas station or a shopping center parkinglot that is along an off-ramp street may be a good candidate for pickuppoint selection. Once the server can project the route most likely to beused by the buyer, the server can select a pickup location along theroute for the buyer to use. VII) A buyer may be associated with a group. The members of the groupuse the MPS service to purchase. Each member in the group has his/herown preferred pickup location. Each member may order different meal fromdifferent BFPs but each member shares a common physical address, e.g. ahome address or an office address. In one embodiment of the presentinvention, an arrangement can be made so that one member of the groupmay pick up the orders of all members of the group at the pick up pointpreferred by the member who picks up the orders. In the embodiment,every member in a group is identified by a group code. The group codemay be the street number of the group or may be another type ofidentification. When a user registers with the server, the user may beprovided with a template to enter his/her information. Assuming A is auser belongs to group G. In the template provided by the MPS server, aspace may be used by user A to enter his/her group code. All members inthe group are identified by the same group code. When a user, e.g. userA, places an order, user A selects his/her own preferred pickup point aspreviously described. So do all other members in the group. User A, mayselect his/her preferred pick up point which may be different from thepick up point selected by any other members of the group. A box called“pick up member” is provided to all group members in a server providedtemplate. When a member, such as member A, is scheduled to pick uporders for all the members in the group, the member checks the “pick upmember” box. The MPS server then searches for all buyers with the samegroup code and temporarily changes the pickup location of all members inthe group to the pick up location of the pick up member. In this way,all orders in the group will be delivered to the pick up locationselected by the pick up member. The MPS entity also temporarily changesthe order recipient of all members in the group to be the “pickupmember” so that when the “pickup member” arrives at the pick up point,the member is authorized to pick up all the orders of the group. Each member may select a date or dates to be the pickup member. Forexample, in a group, member John may select every Monday and Tuesday asthe pickup member and member Peter may select every Wednesday andThursday as the pick up member. The MPS entity then arranges to deliverall the group members' orders to the pick up point selected by John onevery Monday and Tuesday. The MPS entity arranges to deliver all thegroup members' orders to the pick up point selected by Peter on everyWednesday and Thursday. Also, the MPS entity may update its contactinformation so that the MPS entity may call or send an email to the pickup member for picking up of the orders. VIII) A MPS entity can save more delivery costs if it can arrange forits buyers to use fewer pickup locations. The fewer pickup locationsbuyers use, the lower the delivery costs will be for the MPS. Forexample, if a MPS entity has 400 customers, the entity will incur lessoperating costs if it can arrange its customers to use three pickuplocations instead of using five pickup locations. In this embodiment, the MPS entity regulates the selection of pickuplocations to save delivery costs. For example, pickup location A andpickup location B are along Grand Avenue and are one block away fromeach other. The two pickup locations are so close to each other thatopening both pickup points at the same time for buyers to use would beunnecessary. Since these two pickup locations are not far away, a betterapproach is to release only one of the two pick up points for the buyerto use in the first stage. When the released pickup point reaches itsfull capacity of orders, the server then releases the other pickup pointfor buyer to use. In one embodiment of the present invention, the MPS entity uses thisconcept to cut delivery costs. In this embodiment, a MPS entitypre-arranged a number of pickup locations and groups the pickuplocations into groups. A limited number of pickup locations (preferablyone or two) in a group is released at a time for buyers to use whileother pickup locations remain closed to buyers until the volume oforders exceeds the capacity of the pickup locations already released foruse. A released pickup location is closed when its carrying capacity isfull. At that time, another pickup location in the group is released forbuyers to use. A buyer cannot select a pick up location that is notreleased. In the embodiment, pickup locations are grouped into groups.The entity may select a limited number of pickup locations, e.g. one, inthe group to release for buyers to use and hide the others. A buyer isthen forced to use the pickup location(s) released. The MPS entity canmonitor an opened pickup location and calculate how many orders arescheduled to be picked up at that location. Once the opened pickuplocation has accumulated enough orders to reach its carrying capacity,the pickup location is closed for selection. Another pickup location inthe group can be released for buyers to use. In this embodiment, a MPSentity first selects one pick up location (or a limited number of pickuplocations) in one group for buyers to use. All buyers are forced to usethe same opened pickup location until the number of orders scheduled atthat location reaches the MPS's carrying capacity. The MPS entity can first determine the criteria of grouping pickuplocations. A locality of pickup locations can be used to group thepickup locations. For example, pickup locations in the same area, e.g.with the same zip code, or on the same street, or in the same town, canbe grouped together. Or, the MPS entity can use the proximity of twopickup locations as a criterion for grouping. The MPS entity may definethe meaning of proximity. For example, if the MPS entity determines thatthe distance between two pickup locations is within ¼ mile satisfies themeaning of proximity, and any two pickup locations within ¼ mile of eachother can be grouped together. The MPS entity may divide an area (e.g. a city) into a grid, and groupthe pickup locations within a square on the grid as a group. The MPSentity may select a reference point and group all pickup locationswithin a certain distance (e.g. ¼ mile) from the selected referencepoint. Alternatively, pickup locations that are equally convenient tobuyers may be grouped together. For example, pick up locations that arelocated along a busy street may be grouped in one group. Pickuplocations that are within a certain distance from a landmark that manypeople gather can be grouped in a group. A landmark can be a highwayexit. For example, pickup locations that are located within a certaindistance, e.g. 2 miles, from a highway exit can be grouped together. A MPS entity can set up a priority system for the releasing of pickuplocations in a group. A pickup point with a higher priority rating in agroup is released to buyers prior to a pickup point with a lowerpriority rating in the same group. There are many ways to determine thereleasing priority of a pickup point. One way of prioritizing a pickuppoint is to use the projected usage of that pickup point. A pickup pointin a group that is projected to be used more often by buyers can beassigned a higher priority rating than a pickup point that is projectedto be used less often by buyers. Therefore, a pickup point that islocated by a major street with busy traffic can be assigned a higherpriority rating than a pickup point that located by a small street withless traffic. Similarly, a pickup point that is along a route segmentthat is overlapped by more buyer travel routes can be assigned a higherpriority rating than a pickup point that is along a route segment thatis overlapped by less buyer travel routes. For example, a pickup pointthat is along a route segment that is overlapped by fifty buyer travelroutes can be assigned a higher priority than a pickup point that isalong a route segment that is overlapped by five buyer travel routes. Inthe embodiment, the MPS server collects the traffic condition of a roador a street near a pickup point. The MPS server may also collect theconcentration of buyer preferred travel routes near the pickup point.The priority rating of a pickup point can be determined by the trafficcondition of a nearby road or street. It can also be determined by thebuyer travel route concentration near the pickup point. A pickup pointwith higher priority rating is displayed for buyer to use before apickup point with lower priority rating. The MPS server may determine athreshold for a pickup point usage. Once the threshold is reached, apickup point with lower priority is released for buyer to use. Athreshold may be determined based on the carrying capacity of a pickuppoint. For example, if the threshold of a pickup point is for it to beusing 90% of its carrying capacity, then, if the orders assigned to thepickup point reach 90% of its carrying capacity, a pickup point withlower priority is opened. IX). The MPS entity may find it more cost efficient to collect ordersfrom a BFP if the BFP is located close to other BFPs. This is becausewhen the MPS entity picks up orders from the BFP, it can pick up ordersfrom other BFPs at the same time to save transportation costs. In one embodiment, the MPS entity groups BFPs that are close to eachother in a group. Consider the following example: Assume store A1 3250and store A2 3254 (see FIG. 14) belong to the same franchise chain A(BFP A), and store B1 3252 and store B2 3256 belong to franchise chain B(BFP B). Also assume A2 3254 and B2 3256 are located in one location orare close to each other. A1 3250 and B1 3252 are some distance apartfrom each other. Assuming when the MPS entity accounts for all orders,it discovers that both BFP A and BFP B receive orders. Assume furtherthat none of these orders are large enough for the MPS server to justifythe cost of sending one MPS station to either A1 3250 or B1 3252 in aseparate trip to pick up orders. The MPS server may ask BFP A and BFP Bto pass the production of their orders to store A2 3254 and store B23256. In this way, orders of BFP A are produced by A2 3254 and orders ofBFP B are produced by B2 3256. Since A2 3254 and B2 3256 are in onelocation (or are close to each other), the MPS server may pickup all theorders in one trip. Here, because A1 and A2 (or B1 and B2) belong to thesame chain, they should have no problem producing the same product.

3515663_1

Caselaw_Access_Project

Public Domain

Ho opinion. Order reversed, with $10 costs and printing disbursements, and motion to continue injunction denied, with $10 costs. See ante, 378..

bub_gb_i1sKAAAAIAAJ_8

German-PD

Public Domain

In einem Dorfe lebten zwei Schneider, davon der Eine ein Herenmeifter war und bei der großen Verſammlung der Seren nie= mals fehlte. Der Andere wünſchte die Reife auch einmal zu machen und bat den Herenmeifter, daß er ihn das nächjte Mal mitnehmen möge, was ihm diefer auch verſprach; und als die Zeit da war, beftieg der Herenmeifter feine Gaid und ließ den Andern feinen Gaisbock reiten, verwarnte ihn aber, daß er unterwegs ja nicht reden ſolle. — So ritten fie jtillfehweigend dahin und kamen an einen breiten Strom, über welchen der Serenmeifter, der voranritt, mit einem einzigen Sprung hinüberſetzte. Da brad der andre Schneider vor Verwunderung in die Worte aus: „Gotts Blitz, wenn deine Goas ſchaun jo Sprüng macht, wia wurd mein Bod do ſpringa!“ Kaum hatte er dieß audgefprochen, fo pflumpfte der Schneider ind Waßer und der Bock war verjehwunden. Er mußte aber 300 Stunden geben, ehe er wieder nad) Haus Fam. (Mündlich aus Devendingen.) 20D Eine Here als Käfer. In der Mühle zu Besingen dienten früher einmal zwei Mägpe, pie beide in Einem Bett fehliefen und beide Liebhaber hatten. Diefe +» 184 & wollten in einer Freitagsnacht ihre Geliebten befuchen und wurden durchs Fenfter eingelaßen; allein die eine Magd fchlief fo feft, daß fie durch alles Schütteln und Rütteln und Rufen nicht geweckt wer⸗ den konnte. Sie zündeten darauf ein Licht an und blieben bis gegen Morgen beifammen. Da kam ein Käfer durchs Fenſter geflogen und kroch jogleih der noch immer fchlafenden Magd zum Munde hinein, worauf fie alsbald erwachte. Jetzt wußten die andern, daß fie eine Here war. (Mündlid aus Betzingen.) 202) Eine Hexe als Spinne. Zwei Weiber aus Betzingen waren einmal im Felde, um Gras zu ſchneiden. Da ſagte die Eine, nachdem fie eine Weile gearbeitet, fie wolle nur ein wenig fchlafen, legte fih Hin und fchlief ein. Die Andre aber bemerkte ganz deutlich, daß ihr eine Spinne aus dem Munde froh, und verfuchte die Frau gleich darauf wieder zu wecken, vermochte es aber nicht, bis nach einer halben Stunde die Spinne wiederfam und ihr in den Mund froh. Da erwachte fie ſogleich von ihrem Schlafe und gieng wieder an die Arbeit. Sie war ins deſſen ald Here irgendwo anders gemwefen. (Mündlich aus Besingen.) 203) Die abgehauene Kagenpfote. Ein Soldat fam faft jeden Abend, wenn er außer Dienft war, zu einem Mädchen, das er heirathen wollte. Das gieng eine Weile fo; da fagte das Mädchen eines Abends: er dürfe jede Nacht zu ihr kommen, nur nicht des Freitags, da ſei e8 ihr niemals gefchidt, >32 185 & Dem Soldaten ſchien diefe Aeußerung verbächtig und er machte ſich deshalb gerade in der nächften Freitagsnacht auf den Weg zu feinem Schatze. Unterwegs traf er eine weiße Kate an ber Strafe, bie Vief beftändig zu ihm her, und als fie nicht weichen wollte, zog er endlich feinen Säbel und hieb nad) ihr und hieb ihr eine Pfote ab. Da ſprang die Kate was fie Fonnte dem Orte zu. As der Soldat num zu der Magd in die Kammer trat, lag fie im Bett und gab auf feine Frage, was ihr fehle? eine ganz ver- wirrte Antwort. Zugleich bemerkte er Blutfpuren am Bett und 309 deöbalb die Dede herunter. Da ſchwamm fie im Blute; der eine Buß war ihr abgebauen. „Sa, fo fteht e8 mit dir, du Hexe!“ rief der Soldat und gieng fort. Das Mädchen aber ftarb am dritten Tage.. (Mündlih aus Bühl und fonft fehr allgemein.) 204) Seren ftehlen Kinder. Eine Frau aus Derendingen hatte ein Kind geboren, das lange nicht getauft wurde. Als nun die Mutter in der Nacht einmal auf- wachte und ihr Kleines ſäugen wollte, war es fort und nirgends zu finden. Da Fam der Mann eben nad Haus und die Frau Elagte und fagte: „Ach ich habe mein Kind nicht mehr!“ Sprach ver Mann: „Das hat gewiß eine Here geftohlen. Als ich auf dem Heimwege war, fihrieen da fo viele Katzen in einem Garten, daß mir es auffiel. Ich will doch fogleich einmal hingehen.“ Darauf nabm der Mann feinen Säbel in die Hand und begab fich in den Garten, und wie er hinkam, bildeten da die Kagen einen Kreis, und mitten drinnen ſah er fein Kind figen; auf dem tanzten fie herum, daß es Jaut fihrie. Da nahm er fein Kind und wehrte mit dem Säbel die Kapen ab, die gang wild wurden; zwei aber verfolgten 8 +3 186 & ihn bis an feine Hausthür. Hier fprang auf einmal die eine auf ihn 108; er aber verfegte ihr mit dem Säbel einen Fräftigen Hieb auf die Bruft, worauf er plößlich feines Nachbars Frau erbärmlich ſchreien hörte. Die Hatte auch richtig von dem Hiebe eine große Munde in der Bruft, daß fie ſchier ums Leben gekommen wäre; und ſeitdem wußte man gewiß, wer die Here war, die das Kind geftohlen. (Mündlic.) 205) Eine Here ald San und Gans. Ein Dann aus Reutlingen fperrte eines Tags eine Gand, bie verlaßen auf der Straße Hand, in feinen Stall, und fand am andern Morgen ftatt der Gans ein nacktes MWeibsbild im Stalle. Ein andrer Mann, ein Mebger, der noch ledig war, jah einft in der Nähe der Reutlinger Kirche eine Sau, die war herrenlos und ſchien fi verlaufen zu haben, weshalb er fie mitnahm und in feinen Stall ließ. Als er aber am andern Morgen nad ihr fehen wollte und den Stall aufmachte, ſaß eine fajernadte Frau darin; die bat ihn um alles in der Welt, ihr doch Kleider zu holen von ihrem Manne und fie nicht zu der Schande zu zwingen, daß fie nadt heim⸗ gehen müße. Der Burfch ließ fich endlich dazu bewegen, gieng zu ihrem Manne und holte einige Kleider. Zugleich aber gab ihm der Mann auch noch Geld, damit er doch ja von der Sache ſchweigen möge, was er ihm auch verfprah. Dann brachte er der Frau die Kleider und ließ fte frei. Allein aud Zorn darüber, daß er für das Holen der Kleider Geld genommen hatte, ritt ihm dieſe Here num alle feine Pferde zufammen und verdarb ihm fein Vieh und fügte ihm überhaupt fo viel Schaden zu, als fie nur Fonnte. Da klagte der Mann einft feine Noth einer armen Frau, die ibn beſuchte; die fagte, fie wolle ihm helfen. Sie verlangte einen +3» 1897 & Beien, gieng damit die Treppe hinauf und flug ihn fo lange auf Die Stufen, bis daß er ganz hin war. Dann fagte fie zu dem Manne: jet folle er die böfe Frau einmal beſuchen. Wie er hin- Tam, bieß e8, fie jei krank; und als er ſich nicht abhalten ließ und zu ihr in die Kammer drang, lag fie da im Bett, indem ihr ganzes Geſicht wie mit Auten zerſchlagen und zerfeßt war. Darauf fragte er fie: was ihr denn fehle? „Ih gieng die Bühnentreppe hinauf, ſprach fie, und da bin ich fo Eranf geworden.“ „Das tft dein Lohn, den du längft an mir verdient haft,“ fprach der Mann; und bald darauf ift fie geftorben. (Mündlich aus Reutlingen.) 206) Die Heren anf dem Nangeubergle. Auf dem Nangenbergle bei Ehningen Halten die Heren ihre nächtlichen Zufammenfünfte und tanzen dort auf Dfengabeln und Befen. Ein Mann, der an Heren und Geifter nicht glaubte, 309 einft auf den Berg, um fich zu überzeugen, was es dort gebe. Da wurde er von einem Geifte lange Zeit hin und ber geführt und fehr gepeinigt. Auch auf der Kelterwiefe zwifchen Ehningen und Reutlingen bat man die Heren, fo wie dad Muoteöheer, ſchon oft tanzen fehen.. Ebenfo auf einem Plate unter dem »Haldenader“ bei Bebingen, indem der „Kaspar“, d. t. der Teufel dazu aufpielte. - (Mündlich aus Ehningen und Bepingen.) 207) Die Seren auf dem Hohberg. Auf einer Ebene des Hohbergs bei Heubach kommen die Hexen zufammen und tanzen. Vor etwa 20 Jahren erzählte einmal ein +3 188 - Mädchen ihren Freundinnen in der Schule: „heut Nacht bin ich einmal an einem ſchönen Plate gewefen; meine Mutter hat mi mitgenommen auf den Hohberg; da geht fie alle Mittmoch- und Freitagnacht hin und tanzt da; 's war zu Iuftig heut Nacht! Da find wir herumgefprungen und find durch Schlüßellücher und dur Strohhalme geſchlüpft, und als wir ausgetanzt hatten, find wir zufammen durchs Schlüßelloh ind Lammwirths Keller gegangen und haben da Wein getrunfen; 's war zu luſtig!“ — Durd bie Schulkinder Fam e8 bald in der ganzen Stadt herum, daß die Frau eine Here war. (Mündlich aus Heubach.) 208) Die Hexen auf dem Noßberge. Auf dem Roßberge bei Gönningen Halten die Heren ihre Zus fanmenfünfte und Tänze. Man hat dort oben ſchon einen Wagen fahren jehn, der mit vier großen Rappen beipannt und mit Mens ſchen ganz angefüllt war. Ein früherer Geiftlicher aus Pfullingen ift oft bei Nacht Hinaufgeftiegen, um dieſe Geifter anzureden umd zu bannen oder zu erlöfen; allein die Heren wußten ed jedesmal fo einzurichten, daß er zu fpät Fam. (Mündlich aus Pfullingen.) 209) Nächtliches Nufen. Wenn Jemand bei Nacht gerufen wird, ſoll er nicht antworten, e8 fei denn, daß der Ruf dreimal wiederholt werde; denn eine Here ruft nie dreimal. Einft ſah ein Dann auf zweimaliges Aufen aus dem Fenfter; da blies ihn nur fanft ein warmer Wind an; aber er mußte alsbald fich legen und ftarb. (Mündlich aus vem Schwarzwalbe.) +3 189 & 210) Segeumeßer. In Bieringen bei Obernau bat vor einiger Zeit eine Großmutter, die eine Here war, ihren eignen Enkel, einen halb erwachfenen Kna= ben, Nachts im Bette fo „geritten“ und gequält, daß der Knabe ganz mager wurde. Da rieth man dem Knaben, er jolle ein fo= genanntes „Hexenmeßer“ ober „Schreckſelesmeßer“, d. i. ein Meßer, auf dem drei Kreuze eingehauen find, mit fich ind Bett nehmen, das Meper mit beiden Händen feft über ver Bruft halten, aber fo, daß bie Spige in die Höhe gerichtet jet. Das that er dann auch. ALS nun die Here über den Knaben wiederum herfiel, ftach fie ſich das Meßer in die Bruft und lag am andern Morgen tobt in ihrem Dett. Der Knabe aber hatte feit der Zeit Ruhe. (Mündli aus Wurmlingen.) 211) Das verberte Kind. In Wurmlingen Iebte früher ein Mann, der ganz allgemein für einen Herenmeifter gehalten wurde. Derfelbe gieng eined Morgens an der Tochter feines Nachbars, die 10 Jahr alt war, vorüber, griff dem Mädchen an den Kopf und fagte: „Du Haft recht ſchöne Zöpfe.“ Hierauf Tief dad Mädchen wie wahnfinnig nad Haus und erzählte, daß der Hexenmeiſter e8 an dem Kopf gefaßt, und ſeitdem fei e8 ihm ganz jeltfam im Kopfe. Darauf gieng der Vater mit einem geladenen Gewehr zu dem KHerenmeifter und fprah: „Du baft mir mein Kind verhert und mußt ihm auf der Stelle Helfen, fonft erfchieß ich Dich.“ Der Herenmeifter fagte: „Ih will ihm beifen. Aber das jag ich dir, man follte die Kinder nicht ungefegnet v3 Morgens aus dem Haufe laßen.“ Dann machte er etwas, worauf das Mädchen alsbald wieder hergeftellt ward. (Mündlih aus Wurmlingen.) > 10 6— 212) Eine Zigennerin macht Hagel. In der Gegend von Horb Fam vor mehren Jahren eine alte Zigeunerin in dad Haus eines reichen Bauers und bettelte die Haus— frau an und erbot ſich zugleich, ihr allerlei, was fie wißen wolle, zu wahrfagen. Die Frau fragte: ob ihr Dann ihr wohl treu jei? Die Zigeunerin fagte nein, denn er habe heimlichen Umgang mit einer Magd des Haufe. Der Mann aber, der gehorcht und Alles mit angehört hatte, fprang zornig hervor, ergriff in der Küche ein Holzſcheit und prügelte fein Weib ſowohl als die Zigeunerin und fagte der: fie ſchwatze ſolche Sachen bloß deshalb den MWeibern vor, um ihnen das Geld abzuloden. Die Zigeunerin aber machte, daß fie fort kam und erzählte draußen im Felde den Arbeitern, was ihr begegnet war und fagte zugleih: dem Bauerömann follten die Schläge theuer genug zu ftehen fommen. Dann gieng fie noch etliche hundert Schritt weiter, nahm ihr Taſchenmeßer, ſcharrte da— mit ein Löchlein auf der Straße und ließ ihr Waßer dahinein Laufen. Die Leute auf dem Felde fahen, wie die Zigeunerin allerlei Zauber: zeichen auf der Stelle machte; und alsbald ftieg ein ſtarker Nebel von dem Köchlein auf und bildete fich in der Luft zu einer ſchwarzen Gewitterwolfe, aus der nach zwei Stunden ein jo furchtbares Ha- gelmwetter hervorbrach, daß alle Früchte in Feldern und Gärten und alle Benfter an den Häufern auf zwei Stunden weit zerfchlagen wurden. Die alte Zigeunerin aber hat fich feit der Zeit nie wieder dort fehen laßen. (Mündlih aus Wurmlingen.) 213) Eine Here macht Wind. In der Erntezeit fehnitten einige Leute aus Wurmlingen ihr Korn im Belde; an ihren Acker grängte die Wiefe des Schullehrers +3 11 &- und war nur dur einen Fußweg davon gefhieden. Auf diefer Wieſe, viht am Wege, flanden etwa zwölf fhöne Pflaumenbäume, Die ganz voll reifer Pflaumen hiengen. Es war das fhönfte Wetter, fein Küftchen gieng. Mit einem Male erhob fich aber in den Pflaus menbäumen ein Geräufch wie ein heftiger Sturm, daß eine Menge Pflaumen herabfielen. Die Schnitter waren nur 15 Schritt von den Bäumen entfernt und verfpürten Feinen Wind; auch an andern Bäumen bewegte fich Fein Blatt. Alsbald aber Fam eine befannte Here aus Wurmlingen daher, raffte die auf dem Wege liegenden Pflaumen zufammen und ging damit fort. (Mündlih aus Wurmlingen.) 214) Hexenſchuß. Ein heftiges Stechen und Steifheit im Kreuz, ſo daß man nicht aufrecht gehen und ſtehen kann, heißt ein „Hexenſchuß“; auch Dra⸗ chenſchuß (spasmus paracelsi ſixus), der kommt ganz plötzlich und rührt von böfen Leuten oder Hexen her. Oft befommen dieſes Lei- den gang junge Leute und müßen „dagegen thun«“, meild fonft mit den Fahren fehlimmer wird. Wenn die Heren ein Stück Vieh umbringen, fagt man au: es bat einen „Schuß“ befommen. | (Mündlih aud Tübingen.) 215) Eine Here ald Pferd. Ein Bauer aus der Umgegend von Wiefenfteig Hatte fhon mehrmals ein überzähliges Pferd in feinem Stalle angetroffen und mußte nicht, was er davon denken follte und erzählte die Sache +3 192 & feinem Schmid, der ſprach: „jobald du wieder ein fünftes Pferd bei deinen Pferden fiehft, jo ruf mi nur!“ Es dauerte audy nicht lange, da war das fremde Pferd wieder da, und fogleich ließ ver Bauer e8 dem Schmid fagen. Der kam auf der Stelle und brachte vier Hufeiſen mit und fagte: „der Gaul hat gewiß feine Eifen auf, wir wollen ihn doch beſchlagen!“ und Iegte ihm die vier Eifen auf. — Als der Bauer am folgenden Tage feinen Nachbar, den Schmid, befuchte, Tag deflen eigene Frau im Bett und hatte an Händen und Füßen ein Hufeifen! Seitdem hat fie fich nicht wieder als Pferd gezeigt. (Mündlich.) 216) Die Seren auf dem Heuberge bei Balingen. Auf dem Heuberge zwifchen Balingen und Tuttlingen ift der Hauptzufammenfunftöplag der Seren. E83 befindet ſich Bier bei dem Dorfe Obernheim, auf dem fogenammten Burgbühl, einem einzeln ftehenden Kegel, das „Derenbäumle“, unter welchem fte ihre Tänze aufführen. Schon Erufius in feiner ſchwäb. Chron. Bo. II, S. 419 fchreibt darüber: licht weit von Balingen ift der berühmte Berg, den man Heu- berg nennet, und von welchen man vorgibt, daß die Heren auf bem= felben zufammenfommen und ihre Teufelöfpiele Haben. Das ift gewiß, daß im Jahre 1589, im Herbft, etliche dergleichen Weiber und der fürnehmfte Ratsherr zu Schömberg verbrannt worden, die alle befannt haben, daß fie gemohnt gemwefen, des Nachts auf dieſem Berge zufammenzufonmen,, mit den Teufeln zu tanzen, zu bublen, Menschen und Vich zu beſchädigen. Daher kommt e8 auf, daß die gemeinen Leute die Gefpenfter und Luftgeſichte, die auf diefem Berge Häufig gefehen werden, für Zauberei von den Hexen und Zeufeln halten. Solche feheinen Andern ihren Urfprung baber zw +3 193 &> haben, weil um die Zeiten Marimiliand I. an diefen Orten biswei— In Shlahten vorgegangen, ald da Eberhard der Bärtige mit den Rottweilern Krieg geführt, ehe er Herzog worden. Gleichwie auch Pauſanias (in den Atticis) ſchreibt, daß in den marathonifchen deldern, in welchen Miltiades die Perſer überwunden hatte, auch viel Jahre hernach Gefpenfte des Nachts (ftreitende Soldaten) ge— fehen, auch Kriegsgefchrei und Wiehern der Pferde gehört wor— den, und wer frech hinzugegangen, nicht ohne Schaden davonge— kommen ſei. 217) Die Hexe verführt ein Kind. Die Magd eines würtembergiſchen Pfarrers war eine Hexe und wollte des Pfarrers Töchterlein, das noch nicht ſieben Jahr alt war, ebenfalls zu einer Hexe machen. Wäre das Kind ſchon über ſieben Jahr alt geweſen, ſo hätte es die Hexerei nicht mehr erlernen können. Die Magd fieng nun damit an, daß ſie das Mägdlein lehrte, mittelſt eines gewißen Spruches aus mancherlei Dingen Blut zu melken, und dieß machte dem Kinde ſolche Freude, daß es, unge— achtet ihm von der Magd hoch und theuer befohlen war, Niemand etwas zu verrathen, nicht unterlaßen konnte, ſeinem Vater das Blutmelken aus einem Handtuche zu zeigen. Nachdem der Pfarrer erfahren, daß ſein Töchterlein dieß von der Magd gelernt, beſchloß er, beide nicht mehr am Leben zu laßen. Er rief die Magd herbei, ermahnte ſie nachdrücklich zur Buße und beſchwur ſie, ihm nach ihrem Tode kund zu thun, ob ſie Verzeihung ihrer Sünden erlangt habe. — Einige Zeit nachher gab er ihr und ſeinem Kinde einen Trank, wodurch beide in einen tiefen Schlaf verfielen und nicht wieder erwachten. In der dritien Nacht nach ihrem Tode kam die Magd vor das Meier, Schwab. Sagen I. 13 +» 19 &- Pfarrhaus und z0g an der Glode; und ald der Pfarrer zum Fen- ſter herausſah, vernahm er eine Stimme, die rief: “ „Gott einmal verfchworen, Sit ewig verloren!“ Hierauf ift fie verſchwunden und hat ſich niemals wieder gezeigt. (Bernh. Baader in Mone’3 Anz. 1837, ©. 306 f. Mündlich.) 218) Hausverficherung gegen Seren. Ein Tübinger Bürger fonnte Feine rothe Kuh gefund im Stalle behalten. Schon nad wenigen Wochen zehrte fie jedesmal fo ab, daß er fie nur ſchnell um jeden Preis verkaufen mußte, wenn er fie nicht ganz verlieren wollte. Sobald die Kuh aber aus dem Stalle war, erholte fie fich gleich wieder. Da ließ der Mann endlich feinen Kuhſtall auf 70 Jahre gegen Hexen verfichern, und das gieng je zu: Ein Herenbanner vergrub unter allerlei Ausfprüchen einen Hund, der noch gefchloßene Augen haben mußte, hinter der Thür— ſchwelle des Stalles und bedeckte die Stelle mit einem Brett. Ferner wurde ein befehriebenes Stück Papier im Stalle befeftigt. Sodann rieth er dem Hausherrn, der größeren Sicherheit wegen, immer nur ganz ſchwarze Kühe zu nehmen und daneben auch einen ſchwarzen Do, deſſen Geruch den Heren zumider ift, zu halten, und feitdem er das gethan, da gehts. (Mündlich aus Tübingen.) 3 195 &» 219) Serenbäume, Auf dem Heuberge bei Obernheim fteht ein Baum, der das „Hexenbäumle“ genannt wird, weil hier die Seren alle Woche einmal tanzen. Ihre Hauptverfammlung halten fie aber in der Nenjahrs- naht. Ein befonderer Pla heißt auch die „Hexenheid“. — Einft jah Jemand das Mutesheer über das Herenbäumle bei Obern⸗— beim Hinziehen und fah darunter viele rothe Strümpfe und Wei— berfüße. Auch bei Tettnang, auf dem Wege nad) Laimnau, fand früber eine ungeheuer große Buche, die man allgemein die „H exenbuche“ nannte, weil die Hexen darunter tanzten. Ferner ſteht auf dem Heuberge bei Rotenburg a. N. ein „Hexen⸗ bäumle“, ein Apfelbaum, unter welchem die Hexen ihre Tänze aufführen. (Mündlich.) 220) Das Zauberbuch. Ein Geiftlicher zu Krailsheim Hatte in einer gemölßten Stube alte, große Bücher, die mit Ketten an die Dede und Wände ge- ſchloßen waren. Als in diefer Stube die Magd einmal allein war, öffnete fie aus Neugierde eins der Bücher, und las eine Stelle daraus der. Da wimmelte plößlich die ganze Stube von Mäufen, ſo daf die Magd. vor Schrecken um Hülfe rief. Auf das Gefchrei Fam der Geiftliche herbei, Tief fich ſchnell das Gefchehene erzählen und las ſodann die Stelle des Buchs von hinten nach vorn ab, worüber die Mäufe ſich alle wieder verloren. (Bernhard Baader in Mone's Anz. 1837, ©. 309.) 13 * +3 196 & 221) Das ſechste und fiebente Buch Moſe's. 1. In ganz Schwaben weiß das Volf viel von dem ſechsten und fiebenten Buch Moſe's zu erzählen. Es find Wunder und Zauber: bücher, welche untrügliche Mittel enthalten, fich unfichtbar zu ma- ben, die Sonne feheinen und Regen fallen zu laßen, Gemitter zu bewirken u. dgl. Auch find darin Mittel gegen alle Krankheiten der Ihiere und Menfchen angegeben. Die Tübinger Univerfitäts- bibliothek fol noch eine uralte Bibel mit diefen beiden Büchern Moſe's nebft andern Schriften, die in den gewöhnlichen Bibeln nicht vorkommen, befigen. Cie liegt aber an fehweren Ketten und es ift bei ftrenger Strafe verboten, diefe Bücher zu druden. — Früher hat einmal Jemand darin gelefen, aber zu lange; da ift er in die Luft geflogen und nicht wieder erſchienen. — Ein andered Mal lafen zwei Studenten darin; da kam der leibhaftige Teufel zu ihnen und raſſelte gewaltig mit jeinen Ketten, alfo, daß fie fich entjegten und laut um Hülfe riefen... Da fagte man ihnen: fie follten alles, was fie gelefen, nur rückwärts noch einmal lefen, was fie auch fogleich thaten, worauf der Teufel verſchwunden iſt. — Seitdem bewahren aber vier Profefjoren die Schlüßel zu den vier verfihiedenen Schlößern, die an jener Bibel liegen, fo daß ein einziger fie jegt nicht mehr öffnen kann, wie e8 früher der Kal gewefen. — Ebenſo erzäblt man in Bretten, daß bei einem Rabbiner das fiebente Buch Moſe's an einer Kette liege. | (Mündlic) aus Derendingen, Rotenburg, Wurmlingen und fonft.) 2. Ein alter Kräuterfammler aus Möffingen wußte über die Bü- er Moſe's Folgendes zu berichten: Es gab urfprünglich 12 Bücher +» 197 &- Moſe's, für jeden der 12 Stämme eind. Die find aber früh bie auf 5 verloren gegangen. Auch das ſechste und fiebente trifft man noch bie und da, 3. B. in Tübingen, oder fonft in Abfchriften. Dieſe zwei Bücher enthalten tiefe Geheimniffe über die Magie, wes— halb fie leicht gemisbraucht werden könnten und deshalb bei ſchwerer Strafe verboten find. Albertus Magnus bat feine Zaubermittel daraus entnommen. Durch ſolche Zauberei bat Moſe im göttlichen Namen die Wunder in Aegypten gethban. Die Aegypter thaten Diefelben, aber fraft der ſchwarzen Magie, d. i. kraft des Teufels. Auch die Zigeuner verftehen folche ägyptiſche Zauberfünfte und heißen deshalb Aegyptier“. (Mündlich aus Moͤſſingen.) 222) Das ſteinerne Weib. In Wieſenſteig wurden ehedem viele Hexen verbrannt, was be— ſonders eine vornehme Frau bewirkte, welche die Mädchen und Wei— ber des Ortes angab, ſich ſelbſt aber ſtets herauszulügen verſtand. Da waren wieder einmal faſt ſämmtliche Jungfrauen aus Wieſen— ſteig als der Hexerei verdächtig in Unterſuchung und ſollten verur— theilt werden, obwohl ſie fortwährend ihre Unſchuld betheuerten. Sie bewirkten jedoch ſo viel, daß man mit der Verbrennung zögerte und am folgenden Tage eine neue Unterſuchung, die ſie ſelbſt ge— wünſcht hatten, mit ihnen anſtellen wollte. In der Nacht nun beteten dieſe Angeſchuldigten, daß der Himmel doch ein Zeichen ihrer Unſchuld geben möge. Und da geſchah es, daß das Weib, durch welches ſie verdächtigt worden, als es eben auf der Berghöhe ſpa— zieren gieng, in Stein verwandelt wurde. Das iſt die rieſige Geſtalt des ſteinernen Weibes bei Wieſenſteig. Die Figur iſt einige zwanzig Fuß hoch; ſie ſetzt den rechten Fuß vorwärts, legt den rechten Arm 2 198 &- über die Bruft und Hat ein lang herabwallendes Kleid an. — Als man am andern Morgen dieß Zeichen auf der Höhe erblickte, er— ſchrack man, ſchlug den ganzen Prozeß nieder und verbrannte von der Zeit an feine Here mehr. (Mündlich aus Wiefenfteig.) 223) Die fpigigen Jungfern. Zwiſchen Herbrechtingen und dem Weiler Eſelsburg ftehen zwei hohe fpigige Steine am Wege, die man gewöhnlich die ſpitzigen Jungfern nennt. Damit verhält es fih fo: Auf der alten Eſels— burg dienten einmal zwei Mädchen, die mußten jeden Tag einen großen Kübel voll Waßer aus der Brenz holen und den fteilen Berg binauftragen. Da Elagten fie fich gegenfeitig ihre Notb, als fie den ſchweren Kübel eben gefüllt Hatten und nach wenigen Schritten ſchon fih ausruhen mußten, und fagten: fie möchten lieber nur zu Stein werden, ald das Waßer den Berg Hinaufjchleppen. Da find fie augenblicklich verfunfen und verſchwunden. An derjelben Stelle aber wuchfen nachher die zwei ſpitzigen Steine nebft dem Waßer⸗ fübel aus der Erde wieder hervor: und deshalb meil fie gewachſen find, follen die Steine oben fo ſpitz geworden fein. Andre fagen: die zwei Mädchen hätten mit den Fifchern an der Brenz eine Liebſchaft angefangen und feten deshalb auch fo weit im Thale fortgegangen. Weil fie nun eines Tages allzulang aus— blieben, jo ſoll ihre Herrin von der Ejelöburg fie zu Steinen ver— wünfcht haben, worauf fie plößlich verfteinert dageftanden. — Früher ſah man noch eine lange fteinerne Iragftange, die oben an dem Waßerkübel befeftigt war, jest aber, jo wie der Kopf der einen Jungfer, berabgefallen ift. (Mündlic aus Herbrechtingen.) 3 199 &o 224) Spaten verwünfcht. Auf dem Weiler Kraberach bei Tettnang läßt fich niemals ein Spatz ſehen. Dad fommt aber daher: einft Fan’ ein fremder Mann zu den beiden Höfen und hörte, wie eine Menge junger Spatzen beftändig ihr „pipa“ fehrien, was ihm unangenehm war, worauf er fie ale verwünfchte. Seitdem find fie dort wie verſchwunden. (Mündlic aus Tettnang.) 225) Der Nimmterfatt. In Stuttgart war ein Sohn fo gottlo8, daß er dem Bilde feines Vaters die Augen ausſtach, weil fich derjelbe, da er kränklich war, ohne Wißen des Sohnes mit einer Flaſche Wein gelabt hatte. Da Iprah der Vater über ihn den Fluch: „du ſollſt nicht mehr jatt werden!“ Alsbald wurde der Sohn von Hunger ergriffen, welchen er auch, obwohl er beftändig aß, fein lebenlang nicht mehr ftillen fonnte. einen Wagen, jo daß er nicht mehr von der Stelle konnte. „Laß mich fahren!“ bat ihn der Fuhrmann zu wiederholten Malen. Als e8 aber immer nicht gehen wollte, jo nahm der Fuhrmann feine Art und fehlug eine Speiche im Rade mitten durch. Da ſchrie der Schäfer laut auf, denn es war. ihm eine Rippe burchgefchlagen. Der Fuhrmann hätte übrigens ben Dann auch auf mildere Weije heben Eönnen. Er hätte nur einen +3 200 — +2 Nagel in eine Speiche fehlagen dürfen, fo hätte der Schäfer [hit " nachgeben müßen und der Wagen wäre frei geworden. suteem a: (Mündlic aus Moͤſſingen.) m m zug! > a a) —E 227) Der Schierle⸗-Urban. — et Gin alter, glaubmwürdiger Mann aus Sriedingen erzählte fols ut, gende Gefchichte: I Mein Aehne und der Schierle-Urba find emol im hoafa Sum—⸗ ur mer über Feald ganga. Nu, wie ma fo ſchwätzt um d'Langweil —be zvertreiba, find je an deed und an diefes, und zlegta au dara - „m fumma, daß es doch in der Wealt viel Wunderlis giab, dees kon Duifel begreifa fa. Do bot nu mein Aehne g’fait: „aber du Urba, do hont je vora paar Taga wieder davon g’fait, du könneſt au bera. Aber dees glaub i bi Gott dob nit!" „Kaspar, bot druf der Urba ..... verfegt, fol ia Meatter macha? 's iſt hüt doch fo ſiedig bruotig 6 hoaß; fo a Meatterreagle dät gwiß küahla.“ Mein Achne hot'n druf ausg'lacht und hot g'ſait: „Kerli, mach mi zu fom Narra! Du a Meatter macha! dees mött i au find.“ Mit deana Neda find fe uf vanmol annen Stoanhaufa Fumma, und do ift der Urba na, und auhne nu a ftearbes Weartle z'ſaga dreimol binterfür um de Stoanhaufa rumg’fprunga. Mein Achne Hot em zuegucket und hot g’lachet, daß em faft der Bauch verfprungan ift; er hot nemli gmont, er wöll de G'ſpaß weiter treiba. Abers Lachan ift em bald verganga; denn uf oanmol hots gweattert und bligt und durnet, a8 ob der Simmel rafalla wött. „Um taufad Gottes Willa, Urba, was bift du für a Ma!’ mit deana Worta ift mein Aehne für en nang’fallan und hot beatan und g’heult, bis er'n endli grüert bot. Do ift er no nu wieder dreimol um de Stoanbaufa rumg'ſprunga, aber deesmol reat und 4 zer 2 201 &>- wbinterfür , und All iſt vorbei g’jei, und d'Sonna bot fo fründli :ifeint, a8 DS Te koom a Stund alt war. Enzander8 mol find je mit no a paar andera Manna uf de Shierlewtejfa it mäha g’jei; 's ift grad Heuet und am Morga früah kt Do find au fo a paar Rehle, a paar nette, luftige Thierle n Dunem (Donau) rakumma; vermutli bont je rent Durft g’hett, kr bont g'mont, fo früah wie fui jei no Niemert uf. Die Manna tont lang zuegucket, wie je g’wata und Iuftig und vergnügli am Vaher rumtrapplet find. Do hot mein Aehne g'ſait, — ganz unſchuldig, Hot natürli an nints denkt, und elle Affäre uffam Hardt | wittem Wetter hot er ſchau wieder nausg'ſchwitzt g'hett; er hot alſo g'ſait: „wemmer die nu hüba hättet!“ Sie find nemli über ‚ tt Dunem düba g’fei. Do bot no der Urba g'ſait: „wie wärs, wenn fe zu eins kämet?“ „Ja wenn dees g'ſchäh!“ Kont die Ans dera g'ſait; bont aber natürli an nints denft. Doch mein Aehne it ganz mäusle ftill woara; denn jeß ift em wieder fell ander G'ſchicht eing'falla. Der Urba aber if uf de Boda kniet, hot chbes für fi na brummlet und hot no d'Händ ausg’ftredft. Do hont de Rebe uf oanmol a mörberifches Gefchrun ausglau, dees ift oam dur Harz und Mark ganga. Und wie wenns ebber treiba dät wider ihrn Willa find fe langfam mitten dur Dunem g'ſchwomman und bis zu deana Manna kumma; fe hont aber am ganze Leib zittert wie an Eſchp, und g'ſchwitzt, ürger a8 a Bierlump. De Ihierle dont je graufig duret und fe hont dees net mit anfeha könne; drum dont je den Urba beattelt und beata, bi er fe bot gau lau; dees bot er endli dau, nu bot er deana Rehe no dees g’fait: „merfet ui, wenma am Morga 3'bald anfangt, treibt mad gewöhnlt it bis Dbed, und d'Stier, die z'hitzig anziehet, lället * bald!“ und as ob \e8 verftande hättet, find fe no langfam davo ganga. — — — Die Zunge heraushängen laßen. +3 202 & Der Urba aber hots druf nimma lang triba. Cein Weib hot nemli em Buchemer Pfarr tahr häuslis Loadweſa bichtet, daß iahr Ma nit in Kirch gang und nu älleweil fluoch und ſchwör wie a wahrer Türk. Do bot der Pfarr dem Weib grata, es fol gudan 068 nints b'ſundres in feina Kloader find, und dees ſoll es in der Nabt am zwölfi hinterfür über de Schierlefelfan in Dunem namearfa. Sein Weib hots fo g'macht und hot a Päckli im linka Hoſaſack gfundan und hots gnumman und ift mit uf de Schierlefelfan und hots binterfür nagmworfa. Aber do wärd vor Schreadan und Angft faft umkumma, fo wüft hots in der Dunem dau; der loadig Duifel in der Höll fan it jo dua. Am Morgan aber, do hots dahoam mittem Ma ſchier Händel gen; 's Weib hot z'airſta älles g'laignet, z'letzta aber Alles g'ſtanda; und do iſt er eigentli no froh g'ſei, daß es fo-ganga iſt, und von dort a hot ma kon brävera Ma finda könna. (Mündlich und ſchriftlich aus Friedingen. Schierle oder Schürle iſt eine kleine Scheuer und bezeichnet einen kleinen Hof im Donauthal zwiſchen Friedingen und Beuron, wo der Urban gewohnt hat. Sn der Nähe find die Schürlewieſe und der ſteile Schürlefelfen, bei dem die Donau fehr tief ift.) Ki Sechstes Kapitel. Thiere. — — — 228) Die Schlange und das Kind. 1. In Schwandorf bei Nagold gab eine Mutter ihrem Kinde, fo oft fie ind Feld mußte, einen ganzen Hafen vol Milch, und ließ das Kind damit allein im Garten. Da verwunderte fich die Mutter, daß die Milch jedesmal rein ausgegeßen war, wie groß der Hafen auch fein mochte, und weil das Kind fagte: es komme immer ein Vöglein und efe mit, fo paffte die Mutter eines Tages auf und ſah, daß alsbald eine Schlange aus der Mauer hervorkroch und mitaß. So oft das Kind einen Löffel voll genommen Hatte, ftedte die Schlange ihren Kopf in den Hafen und trank, und fo gieng das fort, eind ums andere. Dabei ward die Schlange nicht böfe, als das Kind fie mit dem Löffel auf den Kopf ſchlug und fagte: „ip et no Ilch, iß au Ickle!“ (Bridle, d. i: Brödle) Nah dem Ehen legte fih die Schlange dem Kinde in den Schooß und ſpielte mit ibm; und ald die Mutter ſah, daß fie dem Kinde nichts zu Leide that, Tieß fie fie gewähren, und gab ihr auch jpäter, als das Kind Schon erwachien war, noch lange Zeit allein täglich ihre Milch. — +3 204 & Solche Schlangen darf man nicht tödten; es bringt dem Kinde fonft Unglück und Fann ihm felbft das Leben Eoften. (Mündlich aus Nagold.) 74 ’ Bine Mutter in Ihieringen gab ihrem Kinde Milb und Brod zu eßen und ſetzte e8 damit ind Nebenftübchen. Bald rief das Kind nach mehr Milch. Als die Mutter fih darüber verwunderte, daß die Milch ſchon getrunken war, während das Brod noch meift unge— geßen dalag, fagte das Kind: ein Wöglein habe mitgegeßen. Die Mutter gab ihm nun frifche Milch, hörte c8 aber bald laut reden, indem es rief: „iß et no Schlappe, iß au Diode!“ Und als vie Mutter hinſah, ſchlug das Kind eine Schlange, welche ihm die Milch ausfraß, mit dem Löffel auf den Kopf. Die Schlange ertrug das von dem Kinde, ohne ihm cin Leid zuzufügen, und deshalb ließ die Mutter fie gewähren. (Mündlich aus Thieringen.) 3. Ein Weingärtner aus Notenbürg ließ oftmals fein Kind allein zu Haus, wenn er fihon frühmorgens In den Weinberg gieng. Er ftellte ihm dann feine Milch zurecht und legte ihm ein Stück Brod daneben. Sobald ed nun erwachte und frühſtückte, Fam immer eine Schlange durchs Fenfter und af mit, was das Kind gefchehen Tief. Einft ſah Jemand, der vorüberging , durchs Fenſter und hörte, wie das Kind zu der Schlange fagte: „iß et no Ich, ip auch Ickle!“ Und dabei ſchlug es die Schlange mit dem Köffel auf den Kopf. — Später fol man die Schlange todtgeſchoßen und noch lange auf— bewahrt haben. (Mündlic) aus Rotenburg a. N.) +3 205 & 229) Die Schlange und die Magd. In einem Stalle fand fi) regelmäßig, jo oft die Magd melfte,, eine Schlange ein, und befam jedesmal von der frifehgemolfenen Milch zu trinken. Als die Magd fich verheirathen wollte und zum legten Mal die Schlange tränfte, war dieſe mit einer goldenen Krone, die fie auf dem Kopfe trug, gefommen, und ließ diejelbe beim Fortgehn für die Magd zurüd. Ä (Mündlih aus Derendingen.) — — — — 230) Die verſchluckte Schlange. Im vorderen Schwarzwalde war eine Magd, die hatte beim Waßertrinken eine ganz kleine Schlange verſchluckt, wovon ihr der Leib allmälig ſehr dick wurde; denn die Schlange blieb in ihr und wurde immer größer. Mittags aber, wenn die Magd melkte, über- fiel fie jedesinal eine ſolche Müdigkeit, daß fle eine kleine Weile die Augen ſchließen und fchlafen mußte. Dann Fam die Schlange aus ihr heraus, trank von der warmen Milch und froh, wenn fie fatt war, wieder in die Magd hinein, worauf diefe dann alabald erwachte. Gndlich merften dieß die Hausleute und pafften auf und Thlugen die Schlange todt, darauf verlor die Magd ihren diden Leib. (Mündlich.) — — —— — 231) Die Schlange mit der Goldkrone in Stuttgart. Auf der neuen Brüde in Stuttgart, da mo jetzt das Gutbrod'ſche Haus fteht, wohnte früher ein Seiler; der hörte einft im Neben- zimmer fein Kind, während es frühſtückte, die Worte ſprechen: „iß >32 206 &- et no Ilch, iß au Ocke!“ Weil das Kind allein in der Stube war, fiel dem Vater die Rede auf; er guckte deshalb durchs Schlüßelloch und ſah aldbald, daß eine Schlange, die eine prächtige Goldfrone trug, mit dem Kinde aus einer Schüßel aß. Am folgenden Morgen pafite er nun auf, und ald die Schlange wieder Fam und Mil trank, ſchlich er fich mit einem Beile hin und ſchlug fie todt. Dur die goldene Krone, die er fo gewonnen , wurde er unermeßlich reich und baute fih ein neues, großes Haus, das feine Nachkommen noch heute bewohnen. (Mündlih aus Stuttgart. Auch von andern Häufern in Stuttgart geht die Sage, daß fie auf diefe Art reich geworben.) 232) Die Schlange in der Steinlach. Ein Bauer aus Derendingen hatte ſchon oft in der Steinlad eine Echlange gefehn, die fich badete; eine goldene Krone, die fie auf dem Kopfe trug, legte fie jedesmal vorher ab. Da gelüftete ihn die Krone und er befchloß, fie der Schlange zu ftehlen, ritt eines Tags, als fie eben badete, bin und nahm die Krone und jagte davon. Die Schlange merkte fogleih den Diebftahl und ſchoß hinter ihm ber. Weil der Bauer aber bald links, bald rechts aus— wich und durch Kreuz- und Duerjprünge die Schlange nöthigte, fich beftändig zu drehen und zu wenden und dadurch fie im Laufe aufbielt, jo Fam er glücklich an fein Haus und ritt in die Scheuer, die er vorher hatte aufmachen Tapen. So wie der Knecht aber, den er aufgeftellt Hatte, die Thür eben zufehlagen wollte, Fam auch die Schlange angefhofen und wurde unter der Thür zerquetfeht, daß fie ftarb. Der Bauer aber ift fteinreich geworben. (Mündlich aus Derendingen.) +3 207 & 233) Der Schlangenfönig und feine Krone. Bei Wildberg badete fi oftmals in der Nagold eine Schlange, die trug eine Goldfrone auf dem Haupte. Bor dem Baden aber legte fie jedesmal die Krone ab. Das hatte ein Mann aus Wild» berg gefehn und paſſte ihr eines Tages auf, ald fie ind Bad ge- gangen war und ftahl ihr die Krone, ohne daß fie e8 merkte und flüchtete fich damit auf einen Baum, der in der Nähe ftand. Als die Schlange nun aus Der Nagold Fam und ihre Krone nicht mehr fand, gab fie einen hellen, ſchrillenden Ton von ſich, worauf mehr ald hundert Schlangen von allen Seiten berbeieilten und überall bin= und herliefen und die Krone fuchten. Hätten fie ven Dieb er- wifcht, fo würden fie ihn umgebracht haben; allein fie entdeckten fein Verſteck nicht und giengen traurig wieder fort. — Gegen Abend fam die Erontragende Schlange, welche ein Schlangenfönig war, wiederum an den Platz, wo fie fich gebadet und ihre Krone verloren hatte und ftarb auf der Stelle. So jehr befünmerte fie der Verluft der Krone. Andre fagen, man Eönne dem Schlangenfönig am leichteften die Krone entwenden, wenn man einen fehweren Stein darauf Dede, fobald er fie abgelegt. Dann ſchwingt er ſich in die Höhe und ſchießt ſo lange auf ven Stein herab, bis er todt liegen bleibt. (Mündlih aus Nagold.) 234) Die Schlange auf dem Spitberge. Auf dem Spigberge zwiſchen Tübingen und Hirſchau, da wo die Dedenburg der Pfalzgrafen von Tübingen geftanden, hauſte noch vor etwa hundert Jahren eine Schlange, die auf dem Kopfe eine Krone und am Halfe einen Schlüßel trug. Sie kam oft herunter a 208 & bi$ mitten auf den Steg, der am Fuße des Spitbergs über den Near führt und badete fih im Neckar, nachdem ſie ihre Krone zu= vor abgelegt. (Mündli aus Hirſchau, Weilheim, Tübingen.) 235) Die Schlange in Niedernan, Auf der zerflörten Burg des Nitterd von Ehingen, dem joge- nannten „alten Schloß“ bei Niedernau, ließ fich früher eine Schlange fehn, die auf dem Kopfe ein goldened Krönlein trug und in dem Thalbache ſich badete. Auch eine weiße Frau geht dort um. (Mündlich aus Niedernau.) 236) Der Schlangenbefchwörer. In der Rohrhalde bei Kiebingen befand fich früher eine Meierei, in ber ed außerordentlich viele Schlangen gab. Es waren Ditern, vier Schuh lang und armsdick, aber nicht giftig. Sie Tagen im Hofe wie im Haufe überall umber und jogen oftmals den Kühen die Milch aus. Deshalb ließ man endlich einen Schlangenbeſchwö⸗ ver fommen, daß er fie fortichaffen jollte. Da ließ der Mann das „Scheuerloch“ (die Bodenlufe) mit Brettern zumachen; ließ dann grad unter diefem Loch ein Feuer anzünden, gieng felbft auf den Boden, und nachdem er fih in einen Kaften hatte einfchließen laßen, machte er auf einer Pfeife den Ton des Schlangenkönigs nad, worauf alsbald alle Schlangen aus der Umgegend berbeige- ſchoßen kamen und im die Scheuer liefen und durch das Scheuerlod auf den Boden fpringen wollten, von woher der Pfiff am. Weil die Deffnung aber verdeckt war, fo fielen fie alle zurüd in das +3 209 & deuer und Famen darin um. Seitdem find alle Schlangen dort verfätwunden. Hätten die Schlangen aber den Mann befonmen, jo würden ſie ihn umgebracht haben; deshalb hatte er ſich ein- ſchließen laßen. (Mündlich aus Wurmlingen.) 237) Die niefende Schlange. In dem Walde zwifchen Heubach und dem Dorfe Lauterburg traf ein Glaſer aus Heubach, der öfters in dem Dorfe zu thun hatte, eine bunte Otter; die niefte wie ein Menſch und zwar ſtets dreimal, fo oft er vorbeifam. Er traf fie immer an berjelben Stelle bei einer Eiche und hörte jedesmal das breimalige Niefen; wagte aber nicht, etwas darauf zu fagen, und erzählte die Geſchichte feinen Kameraden. Die meinten, das fei wohl feine gewöhnliche Dtter, er jolle den Pfarrer um Auskunft bitten. Das that er auch fogleich, worauf der Pfarrer ihm rieth: wenn die Schlange das nächfte Mal wieder niefe, ſolle er einmal „Bott elf dir!» jagen. Da begab er fi eines Tags mit mehren Genofen auf den Weg. Als fie dem bewußten Plage ſich genähert hatten, blieben die Begleiter zurück und liegen ihn allein bis and Ziel geben. Dort erfien nun ſo⸗ gleich die Schlange und niefte wie fonft dreimal, worauf er jedesmal fein „Gott helf dir!“ ſprach. Als er dieß aber zum dritten Male geſprochen, kam fie plöglich mit ſeurigem Leibe und gewaltigen Ge- taffel hervorgeſchoßen und jagte ihm einen ſolchen Schredien ein, daß er die Flucht ergriff. Da eilte die Schlange ihm nach und rief: fie thue ihm nichts zu Leibe; er folle nur das Schlüßelbund-ihr ab⸗ nehmen, was fie an einer Kette am Halſe trage, doch nicht mit bloßer Hand. Dann möge er ihr folgen; fie werde ihm den Weg zu großen Schägen zeigen und ihn glücklich machen. Allein er ließ Meier, Schwäb. Sagen I. 14 3 210 & ſich nicht halten. Und als feine Gefährten ihn Laufen fahen, flohen fie ebenfalls. Darauf ſprach die Schlange: jetzt müße fie noch jo Yange „fchweben“ bis jener Fleine Eichbaum groß geworben und eine Wiege aus feinen Brettern gemacht werde. Durch das erfte Kind, welches man da hineinlege, könne fie dann erlöft werden. Der Pfarrer tadelte den Olafer, daß er fein Erlöfungswerf nur halb gewagt und nicht auch das Schlüßelbund genommen habe. Uebrigens ftarb der Mann vier Wochen nachher. — Der bezeichnete Eichbaum ift indes dick geworben, bis jet aber noch nicht gehauen, weshalb der Geiſt wahrſcheinlich noch umgeben muß. (Mündlich aus Heubach.) 238) Der Lindiwurm im Ammertbale. 1. Ehe noch die Ammer vor mehr als dreihundert Jahren bei Tübingen in den Neckar geleitet wurde, war das ganze Ammerthal ein großer Sumpf. Darin haufte lange Zeit ein ſchrecklicher Lind» wurm, dem täglich von Schwärzloch, Wurmlingen und den übrigen Ortfehaften des Thals ein Schaaf geliefert werben mußte. Unter⸗ ließ man dieß, fo fiel er die Menfchen an. Niemand aber Eonnte ihn bezwingen. Da fam endlich ein fremder Ritter, behängte fich rund um mit Spiegeln und gieng fo auf ihn los. Als der Lindwurm nun in dem Spiegelkleide fich felbft erblickte, glaubte er, es jei ein Kamerad, und fam freundlich und fehmeichelnd heran, worauf der Nitter eine günftige Stelle abjehen konnte und ihn durchbohrte. In Schwaͤrzloch, an ber alten, vorgothiſchen Kapelle ift das Bild des Lindwurms, wie er ein Schaaf zerreißt, in Stein gehauen. Die alten Herrn von Wurmlingen führten ihn im Wappen. | ( Muͤndlich aus Derendingen.) +3 211 — 2. | Der eigentliche Lindwurm des Ammertbals fol bei Wurmlin- gen am Fuße der »Wandelburg“ in einer Höhle ſich aufgehalten. haben. Die Wandelburg aber ift ein ebener Abfag des Remigius— berges, die eben daher ihren Namen bat, meil der Lindwurm dafelbft gebauft und herumgemandelt. Gin Niefe, Andre fagen der ftarfe, Herr von Preſteneck, fol fi am Eingang der Höhle verborgen und den Wurm durch ein angezogened Spiegelkleid zu fich her gelockt und getödtet haben. Ein Kamerad diefes Lindwurms ſoll bei Shmärzloh in einer. Klinge, wo jest ein Brunnen ift, erlegt worden ſein.

github_open_source_100_8_19881

Github OpenSource

Various open source

.file "dumpsys.c" .text .Ltext0: .section .text.unlikely.mm_leak_timer_cb,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB9: .section .text.mm_leak_timer_cb,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB9: .section .text.unlikely.mm_leak_timer_cb .Ltext_cold0: .section .text.mm_leak_timer_cb .globl mm_leak_timer_cb .type mm_leak_timer_cb, @function mm_leak_timer_cb: .LFB32: .file 1 "tools/cli/dumpsys.c" .loc 1 260 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL0: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 subl $20, %esp .loc 1 261 0 pushl $0 call dumpsys_mm_info_func .LVL1: .loc 1 263 0 xorl %eax, %eax leave .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE32: .size mm_leak_timer_cb, .-mm_leak_timer_cb .section .text.unlikely.mm_leak_timer_cb .LCOLDE9: .section .text.mm_leak_timer_cb .LHOTE9: .section .rodata.str1.1,"aMS",@progbits,1 .LC10: .string "anonym" .LC12: .string "%s------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n" .LC13: .string "%s" .LC14: .string "%sName State Prio StackSize MinFreesize Runtime Candidate\r\n" .LC15: .string "%s%-19s%-9s%-5d%-10d%-12u%-9u%-11c\r\n" .LC0: .string "ERROR" .LC1: .string "RDY" .LC2: .string "PEND" .LC3: .string "SUS" .LC4: .string "PEND_SUS" .LC5: .string "SLP" .LC6: .string "SLP_SUS" .LC7: .string "DELETED" .section .rodata .align 32 .LC11: .long .LC0 .long .LC1 .long .LC2 .long .LC3 .long .LC4 .long .LC5 .long .LC6 .long .LC7 .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_task_func,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB16: .section .text.dumpsys_task_func,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB16: .globl dumpsys_task_func .type dumpsys_task_func, @function dumpsys_task_func: .LFB29: .loc 1 35 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL2: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 pushl %edi pushl %esi pushl %ebx .cfi_offset 7, -12 .cfi_offset 6, -16 .cfi_offset 3, -20 .loc 1 40 0 movl $8, %ebx leal -336(%ebp), %edi movl %ebx, %ecx movl $.LC11, %esi .loc 1 35 0 subl $360, %esp .loc 1 37 0 movl $0, -340(%ebp) .LVL3: .loc 1 40 0 rep movsl .loc 1 35 0 movl %gs:20, %eax movl %eax, -28(%ebp) xorl %eax, %eax .loc 1 56 0 leal -284(%ebp), %edi .loc 1 40 0 movl %ecx, %ebx .LVL4: .loc 1 56 0 movl $64, %ecx rep stosl .LVL5: .loc 1 61 0 pushl $2048 call aos_malloc .LVL6: .loc 1 62 0 addl $16, %esp .loc 1 61 0 movl %eax, -348(%ebp) .LVL7: .loc 1 62 0 cmpl $0, -348(%ebp) movl $105, %eax .LVL8: je .L4 .loc 1 65 0 movl -348(%ebp), %edi movl %ebx, %eax movl $512, %ecx leal -284(%ebp), %esi rep stosl .loc 1 85 0 movl %esi, %edi .loc 1 67 0 call krhino_sched_disable .LVL9: .loc 1 77 0 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $0 pushl $g_ready_queue call preferred_cpu_ready_task_get .LVL10: .loc 1 78 0 movl g_preferred_ready_task, %eax .loc 1 82 0 pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC12 pushl $255 pushl %esi .loc 1 78 0 movl %eax, -360(%ebp) .LVL11: .loc 1 82 0 call snprintf .LVL12: .loc 1 85 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $32, %esp repnz scasb notl %ecx decl %ecx cmpl $2047, %ecx jbe .L5 .loc 1 85 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL13: addl $16, %esp .L5: .loc 1 85 0 discriminator 3 orl $-1, %ebx xorl %eax, %eax movl %esi, %edi movl %ebx, %ecx repnz scasb pushl %esi pushl $.LC13 movl %esi, %edi notl %ecx pushl %ecx pushl -348(%ebp) call snprintf .LVL14: xorl %eax, %eax movl %ebx, %ecx repnz scasb .loc 1 103 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC14 .loc 1 108 0 discriminator 3 movl %esi, %edi .loc 1 85 0 discriminator 3 notl %ecx .loc 1 103 0 discriminator 3 pushl $255 pushl %esi .loc 1 85 0 discriminator 3 leal -1(%ecx), %edx movl %edx, -352(%ebp) .LVL15: .loc 1 103 0 discriminator 3 call snprintf .LVL16: .loc 1 108 0 discriminator 3 xorl %eax, %eax movl %ebx, %ecx movl -352(%ebp), %edx repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax addl $32, %esp movl %ecx, %ebx subl %edx, %eax notl %ebx decl %ebx cmpl %ebx, %eax ja .L6 .loc 1 108 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL17: addl $16, %esp xorl %edx, %edx .LVL18: .L6: .loc 1 108 0 discriminator 3 leal -284(%ebp), %ebx xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx movl %ebx, %edi repnz scasb movl -348(%ebp), %eax pushl %ebx movl %ebx, %edi notl %ecx pushl $.LC13 movl %edx, -352(%ebp) pushl %ecx addl %edx, %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL19: xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx movl -352(%ebp), %edx repnz scasb .loc 1 109 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC12 .loc 1 112 0 discriminator 3 movl %ebx, %edi .loc 1 109 0 discriminator 3 pushl $255 pushl %ebx .loc 1 108 0 discriminator 3 notl %ecx leal -1(%edx,%ecx), %esi .LVL20: .loc 1 109 0 discriminator 3 call snprintf .LVL21: .loc 1 112 0 discriminator 3 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $32, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax notl %ecx subl %esi, %eax decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L7 .loc 1 112 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %eax pushl %eax xorl %esi, %esi .LVL22: pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL23: addl $16, %esp .LVL24: .L7: .loc 1 112 0 discriminator 3 movl %ebx, %edi xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb movl -348(%ebp), %eax pushl %ebx movl %ebx, %edi notl %ecx pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx addl %esi, %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL25: xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb movl %ecx, %ebx notl %ebx leal -1(%esi,%ebx), %eax .loc 1 114 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 movl g_kobj_list, %ebx .loc 1 112 0 discriminator 3 movl %eax, -352(%ebp) .LVL26: .L28: .loc 1 114 0 discriminator 3 addl $16, %esp .LVL27: cmpl $g_kobj_list, %ebx je .L30 .LBB13: .loc 1 115 0 leal -40(%ebx), %edi .LVL28: .loc 1 117 0 pushl %eax pushl %eax leal -340(%ebp), %eax pushl %eax pushl %edi call krhino_task_stack_min_free .LVL29: .loc 1 119 0 addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax je .L9 .loc 1 120 0 movl $0, -340(%ebp) .L9: .loc 1 127 0 movl -36(%ebx), %esi .loc 1 130 0 movl $.LC10, %eax .LVL30: .loc 1 150 0 movl $89, %edx .loc 1 155 0 movl $0, %ecx .loc 1 130 0 testl %esi, %esi cmove %eax, %esi .LVL31: .loc 1 150 0 cmpl %edi, -360(%ebp) movl $78, %eax .loc 1 171 0 movl %esi, %edi .LVL32: .loc 1 150 0 cmovne %eax, %edx .LVL33: .loc 1 155 0 movl 44(%ebx), %eax cmpl $7, %eax cmovbe %eax, %ecx .loc 1 171 0 xorl %eax, %eax .loc 1 155 0 movl %ecx, -356(%ebp) .LVL34: .loc 1 171 0 orl $-1, %ecx .LVL35: repnz scasb .LVL36: notl %ecx decl %ecx cmpl $18, %ecx jbe .L13 .loc 1 172 0 leal -303(%ebp), %edi movl $19, %ecx rep stosb .loc 1 173 0 movl $18, %ecx leal -303(%ebp), %edi movl -36(%ebx), %esi rep movsb .LVL37: .loc 1 174 0 leal -303(%ebp), %esi .LVL38: .L13: .loc 1 182 0 pushl %eax pushl %edx pushl $0 pushl -340(%ebp) pushl -20(%ebx) movzbl 79(%ebx), %eax pushl %eax movl -356(%ebp), %eax pushl -336(%ebp,%eax,4) pushl %esi leal -284(%ebp), %esi .LVL39: pushl $esc_tag .LVL40: pushl $.LC15 .LVL41: pushl $255 .LVL42: pushl %esi .LVL43: .loc 1 187 0 movl %esi, %edi .loc 1 182 0 call snprintf .LVL44: .loc 1 187 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $48, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax subl -352(%ebp), %eax notl %ecx decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L14 .loc 1 187 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %edi pushl %edi pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL45: addl $16, %esp movl $0, -352(%ebp) .LVL46: .L14: .loc 1 187 0 discriminator 3 movl %esi, %edi xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb movl -348(%ebp), %eax addl -352(%ebp), %eax movl %esi, %edi notl %ecx pushl %esi pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL47: xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx .LBE13: .loc 1 114 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 movl (%ebx), %ebx .LVL48: .LBB14: .loc 1 187 0 discriminator 3 repnz scasb movl -352(%ebp), %eax movl %ecx, %esi notl %esi leal -1(%eax,%esi), %eax movl %eax, -352(%ebp) .LVL49: jmp .L28 .LVL50: .L30: .LBE14: .loc 1 211 0 leal -284(%ebp), %ebx .LVL51: pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC12 pushl $255 pushl %ebx .loc 1 214 0 movl %ebx, %edi .loc 1 211 0 call snprintf .LVL52: .loc 1 214 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $16, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax subl -352(%ebp), %eax notl %ecx decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L16 .loc 1 214 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %esi pushl %esi pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL53: addl $16, %esp movl $0, -352(%ebp) .LVL54: .L16: .loc 1 214 0 discriminator 3 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx movl %ebx, %edi repnz scasb movl -352(%ebp), %eax addl -348(%ebp), %eax notl %ecx pushl %ebx pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL55: .loc 1 215 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 call krhino_sched_enable .LVL56: .loc 1 217 0 discriminator 3 popl %eax popl %edx pushl -348(%ebp) pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL57: .loc 1 218 0 discriminator 3 popl %ecx pushl -348(%ebp) call aos_free .LVL58: .loc 1 219 0 discriminator 3 addl $16, %esp xorl %eax, %eax .LVL59: .L4: .loc 1 220 0 movl -28(%ebp), %edx xorl %gs:20, %edx je .L17 call __stack_chk_fail .LVL60: .L17: leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_restore 3 popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE29: .size dumpsys_task_func, .-dumpsys_task_func .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_task_func .LCOLDE16: .section .text.dumpsys_task_func .LHOTE16: .section .text.unlikely.task_cmd,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB17: .section .text.task_cmd,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB17: .type task_cmd, @function task_cmd: .LFB37: .loc 1 455 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL61: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 .loc 1 456 0 movl $1, 16(%ebp) .LVL62: movl $0, 12(%ebp) .LVL63: movl $0, 8(%ebp) .LVL64: .loc 1 457 0 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .loc 1 456 0 jmp dumpsys_task_func .LVL65: .cfi_endproc .LFE37: .size task_cmd, .-task_cmd .section .text.unlikely.task_cmd .LCOLDE17: .section .text.task_cmd .LHOTE17: .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_mm_leak_func,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB18: .section .text.dumpsys_mm_leak_func,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB18: .globl dumpsys_mm_leak_func .type dumpsys_mm_leak_func, @function dumpsys_mm_leak_func: .LFB31: .loc 1 254 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL66: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 subl $8, %esp .loc 1 255 0 call dump_mmleak .LVL67: .loc 1 257 0 xorl %eax, %eax leave .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE31: .size dumpsys_mm_leak_func, .-dumpsys_mm_leak_func .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_mm_leak_func .LCOLDE18: .section .text.dumpsys_mm_leak_func .LHOTE18: .section .rodata.str1.1 .LC19: .string "start" .LC20: .string "mm_leak_check_timer" .LC21: .string "stop" .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB22: .section .text.dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB22: .globl dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func .type dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func, @function dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func: .LFB33: .loc 1 267 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL68: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 pushl %edi pushl %esi pushl %ebx subl $12, %esp .cfi_offset 7, -12 .cfi_offset 6, -16 .cfi_offset 3, -20 .loc 1 271 0 cmpl $2, 16(%ebp) .loc 1 267 0 movl 20(%ebp), %ebx .loc 1 271 0 jle .L51 .loc 1 271 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %esi pushl %esi pushl $.LC19 pushl 8(%ebx) call strcmp .LVL69: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L38 .loc 1 272 0 is_stmt 1 cmpl $0, run_flag.4607 jne .L39 .loc 1 269 0 xorl %edx, %edx .loc 1 273 0 cmpl $3, 16(%ebp) .loc 1 269 0 movl $10000, %eax .loc 1 273 0 je .L40 .loc 1 273 0 discriminator 1 movl 12(%ebx), %ecx .loc 1 273 0 discriminator 1 testl %ecx, %ecx je .L40 .LBB15: .loc 1 274 0 subl $12, %esp pushl %ecx call atoi .LVL70: imull $1000, %eax, %eax addl $16, %esp cltd .LVL71: .L40: .LBE15: .loc 1 277 0 pushl %ecx pushl %ecx pushl %edx pushl %eax call krhino_ms_to_ticks .LVL72: movl $0, (%esp) pushl $0 pushl %edx pushl %eax pushl $0 pushl $10 pushl $mm_leak_timer_cb pushl $.LC20 pushl $g_mm_leak_check_timer call krhino_timer_create .LVL73: addl $48, %esp jmp .L41 .LVL74: .L39: .loc 1 281 0 movl 12(%ebx), %eax .loc 1 281 0 testl %eax, %eax je .L41 .LBB16: .loc 1 282 0 subl $12, %esp pushl %eax call atoi .LVL75: imull $1000, %eax, %esi .loc 1 284 0 addl $16, %esp .loc 1 282 0 movl %esi, %edi sarl $31, %edi .LVL76: .loc 1 284 0 cmpl $1, run_flag.4607 jne .L42 .loc 1 285 0 subl $12, %esp pushl $g_mm_leak_check_timer call krhino_timer_stop .LVL77: addl $16, %esp .L42: .loc 1 288 0 pushl %edx pushl %edx pushl %edi pushl %esi call krhino_ms_to_ticks .LVL78: movl %edx, (%esp) pushl %eax pushl $0 pushl $10 pushl $g_mm_leak_check_timer call krhino_timer_change .LVL79: addl $32, %esp .LVL80: .L41: .LBE16: .loc 1 293 0 subl $12, %esp .loc 1 292 0 movl $1, run_flag.4607 .loc 1 293 0 pushl $g_mm_leak_check_timer call krhino_timer_start .LVL81: addl $16, %esp .L38: .loc 1 296 0 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC21 pushl 8(%ebx) call strcmp .LVL82: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L51 .loc 1 297 0 subl $12, %esp pushl $g_mm_leak_check_timer call krhino_timer_stop .LVL83: .loc 1 298 0 movl $2, run_flag.4607 addl $16, %esp .L51: .loc 1 302 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp xorl %eax, %eax popl %ebx .cfi_restore 3 popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE33: .size dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func, .-dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func .LCOLDE22: .section .text.dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func .LHOTE22: .section .rodata.str1.1 .LC23: .string "%s\r\n%08x:" .LC24: .string "%s%08x " .LC25: .string "%s\r\n-----------------end----------------\r\n\r\n" .section .text.unlikely.dump_task_stack,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB26: .section .text.dump_task_stack,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB26: .globl dump_task_stack .type dump_task_stack, @function dump_task_stack: .LFB35: .loc 1 379 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL84: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 .loc 1 385 0 movl $64, %ecx .loc 1 379 0 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 pushl %edi pushl %esi pushl %ebx .cfi_offset 7, -12 .cfi_offset 6, -16 .cfi_offset 3, -20 .loc 1 385 0 leal -540(%ebp), %edi .loc 1 379 0 subl $568, %esp .loc 1 380 0 movl $0, -544(%ebp) .LVL85: .loc 1 379 0 movl 8(%ebp), %esi movl %gs:20, %eax movl %eax, -28(%ebp) xorl %eax, %eax .loc 1 385 0 rep stosl .LVL86: .loc 1 388 0 leal -284(%ebp), %edi movl $64, %ecx rep stosl .LVL87: .loc 1 392 0 pushl $2048 call aos_malloc .LVL88: movl %eax, %ebx .LVL89: .loc 1 393 0 addl $16, %esp .loc 1 394 0 movl $105, %eax .LVL90: .loc 1 393 0 testl %ebx, %ebx je .L54 .loc 1 396 0 xorl %eax, %eax movl $512, %ecx movl %ebx, %edi rep stosl .loc 1 397 0 call krhino_sched_disable .LVL91: .loc 1 399 0 movl 20(%esi), %edx movl 16(%esi), %eax leal (%eax,%edx,4), %eax movl %eax, -564(%ebp) .LVL92: .LVL93: .loc 1 401 0 pushl %eax pushl %eax leal -544(%ebp), %eax pushl %eax pushl %esi call krhino_task_stack_cur_free .LVL94: .loc 1 402 0 addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L55 .loc 1 403 0 movl 20(%esi), %eax .LVL95: subl -544(%ebp), %eax movl 16(%esi), %edx .loc 1 383 0 movl $0, -560(%ebp) .loc 1 389 0 xorl %esi, %esi .loc 1 403 0 leal (%edx,%eax,4), %eax movl %eax, -556(%ebp) .LVL96: .loc 1 411 0 jmp .L56 .LVL97: .L55: .loc 1 405 0 subl $12, %esp pushl $2 call k_err_proc .LVL98: .loc 1 406 0 movl %ebx, (%esp) call aos_free .LVL99: .loc 1 407 0 call krhino_sched_enable .LVL100: .loc 1 408 0 addl $16, %esp movl $1, %eax jmp .L54 .LVL101: .L60: .loc 1 412 0 testb $3, -560(%ebp) je .L66 .L57: .loc 1 416 0 movl -556(%ebp), %eax .loc 1 417 0 leal -540(%ebp), %edi .loc 1 416 0 pushl (%eax) leal -540(%ebp), %eax pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC24 pushl %eax call sprintf .LVL102: .loc 1 417 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $16, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax notl %ecx subl %esi, %eax decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L59 .LVL103: .loc 1 417 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %esi pushl %esi xorl %esi, %esi pushl %ebx pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL104: addl $16, %esp .LVL105: .L59: .loc 1 417 0 discriminator 3 leal -540(%ebp), %edi xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb leal -540(%ebp), %eax leal -540(%ebp), %edi notl %ecx pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%esi), %eax pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL106: orl $-1, %ecx xorl %eax, %eax .loc 1 419 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 addl $16, %esp .loc 1 417 0 discriminator 3 repnz scasb .loc 1 418 0 discriminator 3 incl -560(%ebp) .LVL107: .loc 1 419 0 discriminator 3 addl $4, -556(%ebp) .LVL108: .loc 1 417 0 discriminator 3 notl %ecx leal -1(%esi,%ecx), %esi .LVL109: .L56: .loc 1 411 0 movl -564(%ebp), %edx cmpl %edx, -556(%ebp) jb .L60 jmp .L67 .L66: .loc 1 413 0 leal -540(%ebp), %eax pushl -556(%ebp) pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC23 .loc 1 414 0 leal -540(%ebp), %edi .loc 1 413 0 pushl %eax call sprintf .LVL110: .loc 1 414 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $16, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax notl %ecx subl %esi, %eax decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L58 .loc 1 414 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %edi pushl %edi xorl %esi, %esi .LVL111: pushl %ebx pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL112: addl $16, %esp .LVL113: .L58: .loc 1 414 0 discriminator 3 leal -540(%ebp), %edi xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb leal -540(%ebp), %eax leal -540(%ebp), %edi notl %ecx pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%esi), %eax pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL114: orl $-1, %ecx xorl %eax, %eax addl $16, %esp repnz scasb notl %ecx leal -1(%esi,%ecx), %esi .LVL115: jmp .L57 .L67: .loc 1 421 0 is_stmt 1 leal -284(%ebp), %esi .LVL116: pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC25 pushl $255 pushl %esi .loc 1 422 0 movl %esi, %edi .loc 1 421 0 call snprintf .LVL117: .loc 1 422 0 xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx addl $16, %esp repnz scasb movl $2048, %eax subl -544(%ebp), %eax notl %ecx decl %ecx cmpl %ecx, %eax ja .L61 .loc 1 422 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %ecx pushl %ecx pushl %ebx pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL118: movl $0, -544(%ebp) addl $16, %esp .L61: .loc 1 422 0 discriminator 3 movl %esi, %edi xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb movl -544(%ebp), %eax pushl %esi movl %esi, %edi notl %ecx pushl $.LC13 pushl %ecx addl %ebx, %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL119: xorl %eax, %eax orl $-1, %ecx repnz scasb movl %ecx, %esi notl %esi decl %esi addl %esi, -544(%ebp) .loc 1 423 0 is_stmt 1 discriminator 3 call krhino_sched_enable .LVL120: .loc 1 425 0 discriminator 3 popl %eax popl %edx pushl %ebx pushl $.LC13 call csp_printf .LVL121: .loc 1 426 0 discriminator 3 movl %ebx, (%esp) call aos_free .LVL122: .loc 1 427 0 discriminator 3 addl $16, %esp xorl %eax, %eax .LVL123: .L54: .loc 1 429 0 movl -28(%ebp), %edx xorl %gs:20, %edx je .L62 call __stack_chk_fail .LVL124: .L62: leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_restore 3 .LVL125: popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE35: .size dump_task_stack, .-dump_task_stack .section .text.unlikely.dump_task_stack .LCOLDE26: .section .text.dump_task_stack .LHOTE26: .section .rodata.str1.1 .LC27: .string "all" .LC28: .string "%s------task %s stack -------" .section .text.unlikely.dump_task_stack_byname,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB29: .section .text.dump_task_stack_byname,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB29: .globl dump_task_stack_byname .type dump_task_stack_byname, @function dump_task_stack_byname: .LFB36: .loc 1 432 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL126: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 pushl %edi pushl %esi pushl %ebx subl $20, %esp .cfi_offset 7, -12 .cfi_offset 6, -16 .cfi_offset 3, -20 .loc 1 432 0 movl 8(%ebp), %esi .loc 1 439 0 pushl $.LC27 pushl %esi call strcmp .LVL127: .loc 1 443 0 movl g_kobj_list, %ebx .loc 1 439 0 addl $16, %esp movl %eax, %edi .LVL128: .L69: .loc 1 443 0 discriminator 1 cmpl $g_kobj_list, %ebx je .L77 .LVL129: .loc 1 445 0 testl %edi, %edi je .L70 .loc 1 445 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %edx pushl %edx pushl -36(%ebx) pushl %esi call strcmp .LVL130: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L71 .L70: .loc 1 446 0 is_stmt 1 pushl %eax pushl -36(%ebx) pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC28 call csp_printf .LVL131: .loc 1 447 0 leal -40(%ebx), %eax movl %eax, (%esp) call dump_task_stack .LVL132: addl $16, %esp .L71: .loc 1 443 0 discriminator 2 movl (%ebx), %ebx .LVL133: jmp .L69 .L77: .loc 1 452 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp xorl %eax, %eax popl %ebx .cfi_restore 3 .LVL134: popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 .LVL135: popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE36: .size dump_task_stack_byname, .-dump_task_stack_byname .section .text.unlikely.dump_task_stack_byname .LCOLDE29: .section .text.dump_task_stack_byname .LHOTE29: .section .rodata.str1.1 .LC30: .string "task" .LC31: .string "detail" .LC32: .string "task_stack" .LC33: .string "info" .LC34: .string "%s---------------------------------------------\r\n" .LC35: .string "%sMax sched disable time :%-10d\r\n" .LC36: .string "%sMax intrpt disable time :%-10d\r\n" .LC37: .string "mm_info" .LC38: .string "mm_leak" .LC39: .string "mm_monitor" .LC40: .string "%sdumpsys help:\r\n" .LC41: .string "%s\tdumpsys task : show the task info.\r\n" .LC42: .string "%s\tdumpsys task_stack : show the task stack info.\r\n" .LC43: .string "%s\tdumpsys mm_info : show the memory has alloced.\r\n" .LC44: .string "%s\tdumpsys mm_leak : show the memory maybe leak.\r\n" .LC45: .string "%s\tdumpsys mm_monitor : [start/stop] [round time] fire a timerto monitor mm, default 10s.\r\n" .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_func,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB46: .section .text.dumpsys_func,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB46: .globl dumpsys_func .type dumpsys_func, @function dumpsys_func: .LFB34: .loc 1 307 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL136: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 pushl %edi pushl %esi pushl %ebx subl $28, %esp .cfi_offset 7, -12 .cfi_offset 6, -16 .cfi_offset 3, -20 .loc 1 307 0 movl 16(%ebp), %eax movl 8(%ebp), %ebx movl 12(%ebp), %esi movl 20(%ebp), %edx movl %eax, -28(%ebp) .loc 1 310 0 decl %eax jle .L79 .loc 1 310 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 movl 4(%edx), %edi pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC30 movl %edx, -32(%ebp) pushl %edi call strcmp .LVL137: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax movl -32(%ebp), %edx jne .L80 .loc 1 311 0 is_stmt 1 cmpl $3, -28(%ebp) jne .L81 .loc 1 311 0 is_stmt 0 discriminator 1 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC31 pushl 8(%edx) call strcmp .LVL138: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L81 .loc 1 312 0 is_stmt 1 movl $1, 16(%ebp) jmp .L89 .L81: .loc 1 314 0 movl $0, 16(%ebp) movl %esi, 12(%ebp) movl %ebx, 8(%ebp) .L89: .loc 1 376 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_remember_state .cfi_restore 3 popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .loc 1 314 0 jmp dumpsys_task_func .LVL139: .L80: .cfi_restore_state .LBB24: .LBB25: .loc 1 320 0 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC32 pushl %edi movl %edx, -32(%ebp) .LVL140: call strcmp .LVL141: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax movl -32(%ebp), %edx jne .L82 .LVL142: .loc 1 321 0 cmpl $3, -28(%ebp) jne .L83 .loc 1 322 0 movl 8(%edx), %eax jmp .L90 .L83: .loc 1 324 0 call krhino_cur_task_get .LVL143: movl 4(%eax), %eax .L90: movl %eax, 8(%ebp) .LBE25: .LBE24: .loc 1 376 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_remember_state .cfi_restore 3 .LVL144: popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 .LVL145: popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .LBB34: .LBB31: .loc 1 324 0 jmp dump_task_stack_byname .LVL146: .L82: .cfi_restore_state .loc 1 330 0 cmpl $2, -28(%ebp) jne .L84 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC33 pushl %edi call strcmp .LVL147: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L85 .LVL148: .LVL149: .LBB26: .LBB27: .loc 1 226 0 pushl %esi pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC34 pushl %ebx call sprintf .LVL150: movl %eax, %esi .LVL151: .loc 1 236 0 cwtl pushl $0 addl %ebx, %eax .LVL152: pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC35 pushl %eax call sprintf .LVL153: addl %eax, %esi .LVL154: .loc 1 243 0 addl $32, %esp movswl %si, %eax pushl $0 pushl $esc_tag addl %ebx, %eax pushl $.LC36 pushl %eax call sprintf .LVL155: .loc 1 246 0 addl %esi, %eax .LVL156: addl $12, %esp cwtl pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC34 addl %eax, %ebx .LVL157: pushl %ebx call sprintf .LVL158: addl $16, %esp jmp .L86 .LVL159: .L85: .LBE27: .LBE26: .loc 1 336 0 pushl %ecx pushl %ecx pushl $.LC37 pushl %edi call strcmp .LVL160: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L87 .loc 1 337 0 movl $0, 8(%ebp) .LBE31: .LBE34: .loc 1 376 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_remember_state .cfi_restore 3 .LVL161: popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 .LVL162: popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .LBB35: .LBB32: .loc 1 337 0 jmp dumpsys_mm_info_func .LVL163: .L87: .cfi_restore_state .loc 1 343 0 pushl %edx pushl %edx pushl $.LC38 pushl %edi call strcmp .LVL164: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax jne .L79 .LVL165: .LBB28: .LBB29: .loc 1 255 0 call dump_mmleak .LVL166: jmp .L86 .LVL167: .L84: movl %edx, -32(%ebp) .LBE29: .LBE28: .loc 1 346 0 jle .L79 pushl %eax pushl %eax pushl $.LC39 pushl %edi call strcmp .LVL168: addl $16, %esp testl %eax, %eax movl -32(%ebp), %edx jne .L79 .LVL169: .loc 1 347 0 movl -28(%ebp), %eax movl %esi, 12(%ebp) movl %ebx, 8(%ebp) movl %edx, 20(%ebp) movl %eax, 16(%ebp) .LBE32: .LBE35: .loc 1 376 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp popl %ebx .cfi_remember_state .cfi_restore 3 .LVL170: popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 .LVL171: popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .LBB36: .LBB33: .loc 1 347 0 jmp dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func .LVL172: .L79: .cfi_restore_state .LBB30: .loc 1 353 0 pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC40 pushl %esi pushl %ebx call snprintf .LVL173: movl %eax, %edi .LVL174: .loc 1 355 0 movl %esi, %eax .LVL175: pushl $esc_tag subl %edi, %eax pushl $.LC41 pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%edi), %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL176: addl %eax, %edi .LVL177: .loc 1 358 0 movl %esi, %eax addl $32, %esp subl %edi, %eax pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC42 pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%edi), %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL178: addl %eax, %edi .LVL179: .loc 1 361 0 movl %esi, %eax pushl $esc_tag subl %edi, %eax pushl $.LC43 pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%edi), %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL180: addl %eax, %edi .LVL181: .loc 1 364 0 movl %esi, %eax addl $32, %esp subl %edi, %eax pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC44 pushl %eax leal (%ebx,%edi), %eax pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL182: addl %edi, %eax .LVL183: .loc 1 366 0 pushl $esc_tag pushl $.LC45 subl %eax, %esi addl %ebx, %eax .LVL184: pushl %esi pushl %eax call snprintf .LVL185: addl $32, %esp .L86: .LBE30: .LBE33: .LBE36: .loc 1 376 0 leal -12(%ebp), %esp xorl %eax, %eax popl %ebx .cfi_restore 3 popl %esi .cfi_restore 6 popl %edi .cfi_restore 7 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE34: .size dumpsys_func, .-dumpsys_func .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_func .LCOLDE46: .section .text.dumpsys_func .LHOTE46: .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_cmd,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB47: .section .text.dumpsys_cmd,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB47: .type dumpsys_cmd, @function dumpsys_cmd: .LFB38: .loc 1 460 0 .cfi_startproc .LVL186: pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 .loc 1 462 0 popl %ebp .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 .loc 1 461 0 jmp dumpsys_func .LVL187: .cfi_endproc .LFE38: .size dumpsys_cmd, .-dumpsys_cmd .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_cmd .LCOLDE47: .section .text.dumpsys_cmd .LHOTE47: .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_cli_init,"ax",@progbits .LCOLDB48: .section .text.dumpsys_cli_init,"ax",@progbits .LHOTB48: .globl dumpsys_cli_init .type dumpsys_cli_init, @function dumpsys_cli_init: .LFB39: .loc 1 471 0 .cfi_startproc pushl %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 8 .cfi_offset 5, -8 movl %esp, %ebp .cfi_def_cfa_register 5 subl $16, %esp .loc 1 472 0 pushl $2 pushl $dumpsys_cli_cmd call aos_cli_register_commands .LVL188: .loc 1 473 0 addl $16, %esp leave .cfi_restore 5 .cfi_def_cfa 4, 4 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE39: .size dumpsys_cli_init, .-dumpsys_cli_init .section .text.unlikely.dumpsys_cli_init .LCOLDE48: .section .text.dumpsys_cli_init .LHOTE48: .section .bss.run_flag.4607,"aw",@nobits .align 4 .type run_flag.4607, @object .size run_flag.4607, 4 run_flag.4607: .zero 4 .globl dumpsys_cli_cmd .section .rodata.str1.1 .LC49: .string "tasklist" .LC50: .string "list all thread info" .LC51: .string "dumpsys" .LC52: .string "dump system info" .section .data.dumpsys_cli_cmd,"aw",@progbits .align 4 .type dumpsys_cli_cmd, @object .size dumpsys_cli_cmd, 24 dumpsys_cli_cmd: .long .LC49 .long .LC50 .long task_cmd .long .LC51 .long .LC52 .long dumpsys_cmd .globl g_mm_leak_check_timer .section .bss.g_mm_leak_check_timer,"aw",@nobits .align 32 .type g_mm_leak_check_timer, @object .size g_mm_leak_check_timer, 68 g_mm_leak_check_timer: .zero 68 .text .Letext0: .section .text.unlikely.mm_leak_timer_cb .Letext_cold0: .file 2 "/home/stone/Documents/Ali_IOT/build/compiler/gcc-arm-none-eabi/Linux64/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/5.4.1/include/stddef.h" .file 3 "/home/stone/Documents/Ali_IOT/build/compiler/gcc-arm-none-eabi/Linux64/arm-none-eabi/include/machine/_default_types.h" .file 4 "/home/stone/Documents/Ali_IOT/build/compiler/gcc-arm-none-eabi/Linux64/arm-none-eabi/include/sys/_stdint.h" .file 5 "./include/aos/cli.h" .file 6 "././platform/arch/arm/armv5/./gcc/k_types.h" .file 7 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_err.h" .file 8 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_sys.h" .file 9 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_list.h" .file 10 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_obj.h" .file 11 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_sched.h" .file 12 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_task.h" .file 13 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_mutex.h" .file 14 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_sem.h" .file 15 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_timer.h" .file 16 "./include/aos/log.h" .file 17 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_internal.h" .file 18 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_mm_debug.h" .file 19 "/home/stone/Documents/Ali_IOT/build/compiler/gcc-arm-none-eabi/Linux64/arm-none-eabi/include/stdio.h" .file 20 "./include/aos/internal/log_impl.h" .file 21 "./include/aos/kernel.h" .file 22 "./kernel/rhino/core/include/k_time.h" .file 23 "/home/stone/Documents/Ali_IOT/build/compiler/gcc-arm-none-eabi/Linux64/arm-none-eabi/include/string.h" .file 24 "././platform/arch/arm/armv5/./gcc/port.h" .section .debug_info,"",@progbits .Ldebug_info0: .long 0x1393 .value 0x4 .long .Ldebug_abbrev0 .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0x1 .long .LASF254 .byte 0xc .long .LASF255 .long .LASF256 .long .Ldebug_ranges0+0x40 .long 0 .long .Ldebug_line0 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x5 .string "int" .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF4 .byte 0x2 .byte 0xd8 .long 0x37 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x7 .long .LASF0 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x5 .long .LASF1 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0xc .byte 0x4 .long .LASF2 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x6 .long .LASF3 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF5 .byte 0x3 .byte 0x1d .long 0x5e .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x8 .long .LASF6 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF7 .byte 0x3 .byte 0x29 .long 0x70 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x2 .byte 0x5 .long .LASF8 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x2 .byte 0x7 .long .LASF9 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x5 .long .LASF10 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF11 .byte 0x3 .byte 0x41 .long 0x90 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x7 .long .LASF12 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF13 .byte 0x3 .byte 0x5b .long 0xa2 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x7 .long .LASF14 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x7 .long .LASF15 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0xb8 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x6 .long .LASF16 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0xc5 .uleb128 0x7 .long 0xb8 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF17 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x18 .long 0x53 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF18 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x20 .long 0x65 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF19 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x30 .long 0x85 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF20 .byte 0x4 .byte 0x3c .long 0x97 .uleb128 0x8 .long .LASF96 .byte 0xc .byte 0x5 .byte 0x16 .long 0x127 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF21 .byte 0x5 .byte 0x17 .long 0xbf .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF22 .byte 0x5 .byte 0x18 .long 0xbf .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF23 .byte 0x5 .byte 0x1a .long 0x147 .byte 0x8 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xa .long 0x141 .uleb128 0xb .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0xb .long 0x25 .uleb128 0xb .long 0x25 .uleb128 0xb .long 0x141 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x127 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xb8 .long 0x15d .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0xff .byte 0 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x2 .long .LASF24 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF25 .byte 0x6 .byte 0xe .long 0xb8 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF26 .byte 0x6 .byte 0xf .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF27 .byte 0x6 .byte 0x10 .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF28 .byte 0x6 .byte 0x13 .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF29 .byte 0x6 .byte 0x14 .long 0xca .uleb128 0xe .byte 0x4 .long 0x37 .byte 0x7 .byte 0x8 .long 0x347 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF30 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF31 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF32 .byte 0x2 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF33 .byte 0x3 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF34 .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF35 .byte 0x5 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF36 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF37 .byte 0x7 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF38 .byte 0x8 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF39 .byte 0x9 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF40 .byte 0xa .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF41 .byte 0xb .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF42 .byte 0xc .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF43 .byte 0xd .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF44 .byte 0x64 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF45 .byte 0x65 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF46 .byte 0x66 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF47 .byte 0x67 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF48 .byte 0x68 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF49 .byte 0x69 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF50 .byte 0x6a .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF51 .byte 0x6b .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF52 .byte 0xc8 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF53 .byte 0xc9 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF54 .byte 0xca .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF55 .byte 0xcb .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF56 .value 0x12c .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF57 .value 0x12d .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF58 .value 0x12e .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF59 .value 0x12f .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF60 .value 0x130 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF61 .value 0x131 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF62 .value 0x132 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF63 .value 0x133 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF64 .value 0x134 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF65 .value 0x190 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF66 .value 0x191 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF67 .value 0x192 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF68 .value 0x193 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF69 .value 0x194 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF70 .value 0x195 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF71 .value 0x1f4 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF72 .value 0x258 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF73 .value 0x2bc .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF74 .value 0x2bd .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF75 .value 0x2be .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF76 .value 0x2bf .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF77 .value 0x2c0 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF78 .value 0x2c1 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF79 .value 0x320 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF80 .value 0x321 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF81 .value 0x384 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF82 .value 0x385 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF83 .value 0x386 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF84 .value 0x3e8 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF85 .value 0x3e9 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF86 .value 0x44c .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF87 .value 0x44d .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF88 .value 0x44e .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF89 .value 0x44f .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF90 .value 0x450 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF91 .value 0x4b0 .uleb128 0x10 .long .LASF92 .value 0x4b1 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF93 .byte 0x7 .byte 0x54 .long 0x19b .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF94 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x12 .long 0xeb .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF95 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x15 .long 0xeb .uleb128 0x8 .long .LASF97 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x9 .byte 0x8 .long 0x38d .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF98 .byte 0x9 .byte 0x9 .long 0x38d .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF99 .byte 0x9 .byte 0xa .long 0x38d .byte 0x4 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x368 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF100 .byte 0x9 .byte 0xb .long 0x368 .uleb128 0xe .byte 0x4 .long 0x37 .byte 0xa .byte 0x8 .long 0x3b7 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF101 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF102 .byte 0x1 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF103 .byte 0xa .byte 0xb .long 0x39e .uleb128 0xe .byte 0x4 .long 0x37 .byte 0xa .byte 0xd .long 0x3ed .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF104 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF105 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF106 .byte 0x2 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF107 .byte 0x3 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF108 .byte 0x4 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF109 .byte 0xa .byte 0x13 .long 0x3c2 .uleb128 0xe .byte 0x4 .long 0x37 .byte 0xa .byte 0x15 .long 0x435 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF110 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF111 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF112 .byte 0x2 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF113 .byte 0x3 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF114 .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF115 .byte 0x5 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF116 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF117 .byte 0x7 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF118 .byte 0xa .byte 0x1e .long 0x3f8 .uleb128 0x8 .long .LASF119 .byte 0x14 .byte 0xa .byte 0x20 .long 0x47d .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF120 .byte 0xa .byte 0x21 .long 0x393 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF21 .byte 0xa .byte 0x22 .long 0x47d .byte 0x8 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF121 .byte 0xa .byte 0x23 .long 0x3b7 .byte 0xc .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF122 .byte 0xa .byte 0x24 .long 0x435 .byte 0x10 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x483 .uleb128 0x7 .long 0x164 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF123 .byte 0xa .byte 0x25 .long 0x440 .uleb128 0x11 .byte 0x38 .byte 0xa .byte 0x27 .long 0x4f0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF124 .byte 0xa .byte 0x28 .long 0x393 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF125 .byte 0xa .byte 0x29 .long 0x393 .byte 0x8 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF126 .byte 0xa .byte 0x2c .long 0x393 .byte 0x10 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF127 .byte 0xa .byte 0x30 .long 0x393 .byte 0x18 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF128 .byte 0xa .byte 0x34 .long 0x393 .byte 0x20 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF129 .byte 0xa .byte 0x38 .long 0x393 .byte 0x28 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF130 .byte 0xa .byte 0x3c .long 0x393 .byte 0x30 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF131 .byte 0xa .byte 0x3e .long 0x493 .uleb128 0x12 .value 0x104 .byte 0xb .byte 0xd .long 0x52a .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF132 .byte 0xb .byte 0xe .long 0x52a .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF133 .byte 0xb .byte 0xf .long 0x540 .byte 0xf8 .uleb128 0x13 .long .LASF134 .byte 0xb .byte 0x10 .long 0xca .value 0x100 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xc .long 0x53a .long 0x53a .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x3d .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x393 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xe0 .long 0x550 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x1 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF135 .byte 0xb .byte 0x11 .long 0x4fb .uleb128 0xe .byte 0x4 .long 0x37 .byte 0xc .byte 0x8 .long 0x598 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF136 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF137 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF138 .byte 0x2 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF139 .byte 0x3 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF140 .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF141 .byte 0x5 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF142 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0xf .long .LASF143 .byte 0x7 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF144 .byte 0xc .byte 0x11 .long 0x55b .uleb128 0x11 .byte 0x7c .byte 0xc .byte 0x15 .long 0x708 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF145 .byte 0xc .byte 0x18 .long 0xb0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF146 .byte 0xc .byte 0x1a .long 0x47d .byte 0x4 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF147 .byte 0xc .byte 0x1d .long 0x708 .byte 0x8 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF148 .byte 0xc .byte 0x20 .long 0x718 .byte 0x10 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF149 .byte 0xc .byte 0x21 .long 0xe0 .byte 0x14 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF150 .byte 0xc .byte 0x22 .long 0x393 .byte 0x18 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF151 .byte 0xc .byte 0x25 .long 0x190 .byte 0x20 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF152 .byte 0xc .byte 0x28 .long 0x773 .byte 0x24 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF153 .byte 0xc .byte 0x2b .long 0x393 .byte 0x28 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF154 .byte 0xc .byte 0x2e .long 0x393 .byte 0x30 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF155 .byte 0xc .byte 0x2f .long 0x35d .byte 0x38 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF156 .byte 0xc .byte 0x30 .long 0x35d .byte 0x40 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF157 .byte 0xc .byte 0x31 .long 0x53a .byte 0x48 .uleb128 0x14 .string "msg" .byte 0xc .byte 0x33 .long 0xb0 .byte 0x4c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF158 .byte 0xc .byte 0x36 .long 0x2c .byte 0x50 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF159 .byte 0xc .byte 0x39 .long 0x598 .byte 0x54 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF160 .byte 0xc .byte 0x3a .long 0x3ed .byte 0x58 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF119 .byte 0xc .byte 0x3d .long 0x779 .byte 0x5c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF161 .byte 0xc .byte 0x40 .long 0x7c8 .byte 0x60 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF162 .byte 0xc .byte 0x56 .long 0xe0 .byte 0x64 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF163 .byte 0xc .byte 0x57 .long 0xe0 .byte 0x68 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF164 .byte 0xc .byte 0x5b .long 0xe0 .byte 0x6c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF165 .byte 0xc .byte 0x5c .long 0xb0 .byte 0x70 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF166 .byte 0xc .byte 0x5d .long 0xca .byte 0x74 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF167 .byte 0xc .byte 0x61 .long 0xca .byte 0x75 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF168 .byte 0xc .byte 0x64 .long 0xca .byte 0x76 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF169 .byte 0xc .byte 0x6c .long 0xca .byte 0x77 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF170 .byte 0xc .byte 0x6e .long 0xca .byte 0x78 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF171 .byte 0xc .byte 0x6f .long 0xca .byte 0x79 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xb0 .long 0x718 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x1 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x17a .uleb128 0x8 .long .LASF172 .byte 0x2c .byte 0xd .byte 0x8 .long 0x773 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF119 .byte 0xd .byte 0x9 .long 0x488 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF173 .byte 0xd .byte 0xa .long 0x7d9 .byte 0x14 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF152 .byte 0xd .byte 0xb .long 0x773 .byte 0x18 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF174 .byte 0xd .byte 0xc .long 0x185 .byte 0x1c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF175 .byte 0xd .byte 0xf .long 0x393 .byte 0x20 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF171 .byte 0xd .byte 0x12 .long 0xca .byte 0x28 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x71e .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x488 .uleb128 0x8 .long .LASF176 .byte 0x28 .byte 0xe .byte 0xb .long 0x7c8 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF119 .byte 0xe .byte 0xc .long 0x488 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF177 .byte 0xe .byte 0xd .long 0x16f .byte 0x14 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF178 .byte 0xe .byte 0xe .long 0x16f .byte 0x18 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF179 .byte 0xe .byte 0x10 .long 0x393 .byte 0x1c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF171 .byte 0xe .byte 0x12 .long 0xca .byte 0x24 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x77f .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF180 .byte 0xc .byte 0x70 .long 0x5a3 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x7ce .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF181 .byte 0xf .byte 0x13 .long 0x7ea .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x7f0 .uleb128 0xa .long 0x800 .uleb128 0xb .long 0xb0 .uleb128 0xb .long 0xb0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x11 .byte 0x44 .byte 0xf .byte 0x15 .long 0x8a4 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF182 .byte 0xf .byte 0x16 .long 0x393 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF183 .byte 0xf .byte 0x17 .long 0x53a .byte 0x8 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF21 .byte 0xf .byte 0x18 .long 0x47d .byte 0xc .uleb128 0x14 .string "cb" .byte 0xf .byte 0x19 .long 0x7df .byte 0x10 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF184 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1a .long 0xb0 .byte 0x14 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF185 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1b .long 0x352 .byte 0x18 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF186 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1c .long 0x352 .byte 0x20 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF187 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1d .long 0x352 .byte 0x28 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF188 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1e .long 0x352 .byte 0x30 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF189 .byte 0xf .byte 0x1f .long 0xb0 .byte 0x38 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF122 .byte 0xf .byte 0x20 .long 0x435 .byte 0x3c .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF190 .byte 0xf .byte 0x21 .long 0xca .byte 0x40 .uleb128 0x9 .long .LASF171 .byte 0xf .byte 0x22 .long 0xca .byte 0x41 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .long .LASF191 .byte 0xf .byte 0x23 .long 0x800 .uleb128 0x15 .long .LASF257 .byte 0x1 .byte 0xde .long 0xe0 .byte 0x1 .long 0x8e1 .uleb128 0x16 .string "buf" .byte 0x1 .byte 0xde .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x16 .string "len" .byte 0x1 .byte 0xde .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x17 .long .LASF198 .byte 0x1 .byte 0xe0 .long 0xd5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x18 .long .LASF258 .byte 0x18 .byte 0xf .long 0xca .byte 0x3 .uleb128 0x19 .long .LASF192 .byte 0x1 .byte 0xfd .long 0xe0 .byte 0x1 .long 0x914 .uleb128 0x16 .string "buf" .byte 0x1 .byte 0xfd .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x16 .string "len" .byte 0x1 .byte 0xfd .long 0xe0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1a .long .LASF193 .byte 0x1 .value 0x131 .long 0xe0 .byte 0x1 .long 0x970 .uleb128 0x1b .long .LASF194 .byte 0x1 .value 0x131 .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x1b .long .LASF195 .byte 0x1 .value 0x131 .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x1b .long .LASF196 .byte 0x1 .value 0x131 .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x1b .long .LASF197 .byte 0x1 .value 0x132 .long 0x141 .uleb128 0x1c .string "ret" .byte 0x1 .value 0x134 .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x1d .uleb128 0x1c .string "len" .byte 0x1 .value 0x160 .long 0x25 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1e .long .LASF200 .byte 0x1 .value 0x103 .long 0xca .long .LFB32 .long .LFE32-.LFB32 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0x9b2 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF199 .byte 0x1 .value 0x103 .long 0xb0 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x20 .string "arg" .byte 0x1 .value 0x103 .long 0xb0 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL1 .long 0x1297 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x22 .long .LASF201 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x22 .long 0xe0 .long .LFB29 .long .LFE29-.LFB29 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xbc1 .uleb128 0x23 .string "buf" .byte 0x1 .byte 0x22 .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x23 .string "len" .byte 0x1 .byte 0x22 .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x24 .long .LASF202 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x22 .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x25 .string "rst" .byte 0x1 .byte 0x24 .long 0x347 .long .LLST0 .uleb128 0x26 .long .LASF203 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x25 .long 0x2c .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -348 .uleb128 0x27 .long .LASF163 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x26 .long 0x352 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x26 .long .LASF204 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x28 .long 0xbc1 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -344 .uleb128 0x17 .long .LASF205 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x2b .long 0x53a .uleb128 0x17 .long .LASF206 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x2c .long 0x53a .uleb128 0x25 .string "tmp" .byte 0x1 .byte 0x2d .long 0x53a .long .LLST1 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF207 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x2e .long 0x7d9 .long .LLST2 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF208 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x34 .long 0x7d9 .long .LLST3 .uleb128 0x25 .string "yes" .byte 0x1 .byte 0x36 .long 0xb8 .long .LLST4 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF209 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x37 .long 0xb2 .long .LLST5 .uleb128 0x26 .long .LASF210 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x38 .long 0x14d .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -292 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF211 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x39 .long 0x25 .long .LLST6 .uleb128 0x29 .long .LASF212 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x3a .long 0x25 .value 0x800 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF213 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x3b .long 0x25 .long .LLST7 .uleb128 0x2a .long .Ldebug_ranges0+0 .long 0xb15 .uleb128 0x28 .long .LASF146 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x74 .long 0x47d .long .LLST8 .uleb128 0x26 .long .LASF214 .byte 0x1 .byte 0xa9 .long 0xbd1 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -311 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL29 .long 0x12a2 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL44 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL45 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL47 .long 0x12ad .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL6 .long 0x12c4 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL9 .long 0x12d0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL10 .long 0x12db .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL12 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL13 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL14 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL16 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL17 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL19 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL21 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL23 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL25 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL52 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL53 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL55 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL56 .long 0x12e6 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL57 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL58 .long 0x12f1 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL60 .long 0x12fd .byte 0 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xb2 .long 0xbd1 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x7 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xb8 .long 0xbe1 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x12 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2b .long .LASF224 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1c6 .long .LFB37 .long .LFE37-.LFB37 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xc53 .uleb128 0x2c .string "buf" .byte 0x1 .value 0x1c6 .long 0xb2 .long .LLST9 .uleb128 0x2c .string "len" .byte 0x1 .value 0x1c6 .long 0x25 .long .LLST10 .uleb128 0x2d .long .LASF196 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1c6 .long 0x25 .long .LLST11 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF197 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1c6 .long 0x141 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .uleb128 0x2e .long .LVL65 .long 0x9b2 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x30 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x30 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x31 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x30 .long 0x8ed .long .LFB31 .long .LFE31-.LFB31 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xc80 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x8fd .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x908 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL67 .long 0x1306 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1e .long .LASF215 .byte 0x1 .value 0x109 .long 0xe0 .long .LFB33 .long .LFE33-.LFB33 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xd9c .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF194 .byte 0x1 .value 0x109 .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF195 .byte 0x1 .value 0x109 .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF196 .byte 0x1 .value 0x10a .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF197 .byte 0x1 .value 0x10a .long 0x141 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .uleb128 0x32 .long .LASF216 .byte 0x1 .value 0x10c .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0x3 .long run_flag.4607 .uleb128 0x33 .long .LASF217 .byte 0x1 .value 0x10d .long 0x352 .long .LLST12 .uleb128 0x34 .long .LBB15 .long .LBE15-.LBB15 .long 0xd21 .uleb128 0x35 .long .LASF218 .byte 0x1 .value 0x112 .long 0x25 .long 0xd17 .uleb128 0x36 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL70 .long 0x1311 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x34 .long .LBB16 .long .LBE16-.LBB16 .long 0xd65 .uleb128 0x35 .long .LASF218 .byte 0x1 .value 0x112 .long 0x25 .long 0xd40 .uleb128 0x36 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL75 .long 0x1311 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL77 .long 0x131d .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL78 .long 0x1328 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL79 .long 0x1333 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL69 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL72 .long 0x1328 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL73 .long 0x1349 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL81 .long 0x1354 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL82 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL83 .long 0x131d .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1e .long .LASF219 .byte 0x1 .value 0x17a .long 0x25 .long .LFB35 .long .LFE35-.LFB35 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xf1b .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF207 .byte 0x1 .value 0x17a .long 0x7d9 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x32 .long .LASF211 .byte 0x1 .value 0x17c .long 0xe0 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -552 .uleb128 0x37 .string "rst" .byte 0x1 .value 0x17d .long 0x347 .long .LLST13 .uleb128 0x37 .string "cur" .byte 0x1 .value 0x17e .long 0xb0 .long .LLST14 .uleb128 0x37 .string "end" .byte 0x1 .value 0x17e .long 0xb0 .long .LLST15 .uleb128 0x37 .string "i" .byte 0x1 .value 0x17f .long 0x25 .long .LLST16 .uleb128 0x37 .string "p" .byte 0x1 .value 0x180 .long 0xf1b .long .LLST17 .uleb128 0x38 .string "tmp" .byte 0x1 .value 0x181 .long 0x14d .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -548 .uleb128 0x33 .long .LASF209 .byte 0x1 .value 0x183 .long 0xb2 .long .LLST18 .uleb128 0x32 .long .LASF210 .byte 0x1 .value 0x184 .long 0x14d .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -292 .uleb128 0x33 .long .LASF220 .byte 0x1 .value 0x185 .long 0x25 .long .LLST19 .uleb128 0x39 .long .LASF212 .byte 0x1 .value 0x186 .long 0x25 .value 0x800 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL88 .long 0x12c4 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL91 .long 0x12d0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL94 .long 0x135f .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL98 .long 0x136a .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL99 .long 0x12f1 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL100 .long 0x12e6 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL102 .long 0x1375 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL104 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL106 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL110 .long 0x1375 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL112 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL114 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL117 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL118 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL119 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL120 .long 0x12e6 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL121 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL122 .long 0x12f1 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL124 .long 0x12fd .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0x4 .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x1e .long .LASF221 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1af .long 0x25 .long .LFB36 .long .LFE36-.LFB36 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0xfb7 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF222 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1af .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x3a .long .LASF205 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1b1 .long 0x53a .uleb128 0x3a .long .LASF206 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1b2 .long 0x53a .uleb128 0x37 .string "tmp" .byte 0x1 .value 0x1b3 .long 0x53a .long .LLST20 .uleb128 0x33 .long .LASF207 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1b4 .long 0x7d9 .long .LLST21 .uleb128 0x33 .long .LASF223 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1b5 .long 0x25 .long .LLST22 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL127 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL130 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL131 .long 0x12b9 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL132 .long 0xd9c .byte 0 .uleb128 0x30 .long 0x914 .long .LFB34 .long .LFE34-.LFB34 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0x1170 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x925 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x931 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x93d .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x31 .long 0x949 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .uleb128 0x3b .long 0x955 .uleb128 0x2a .long .Ldebug_ranges0+0x18 .long 0x1154 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x949 .long .LLST23 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x93d .long .LLST24 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x931 .long .LLST25 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x925 .long .LLST26 .uleb128 0x3d .long .Ldebug_ranges0+0x18 .uleb128 0x3b .long 0x955 .uleb128 0x3e .long 0x8af .long .LBB26 .long .LBE26-.LBB26 .byte 0x1 .value 0x14b .long 0x1084 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x8ca .long .LLST27 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x8bf .long .LLST28 .uleb128 0x3f .long .LBB27 .long .LBE27-.LBB27 .uleb128 0x40 .long 0x8d5 .long .LLST29 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL150 .long 0x1375 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL153 .long 0x1375 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL155 .long 0x1375 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL158 .long 0x1375 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3e .long 0x8ed .long .LBB28 .long .LBE28-.LBB28 .byte 0x1 .value 0x158 .long 0x10b4 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x908 .long .LLST30 .uleb128 0x3c .long 0x8fd .long .LLST30 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL166 .long 0x1306 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x34 .long .LBB30 .long .LBE30-.LBB30 .long 0x1101 .uleb128 0x40 .long 0x962 .long .LLST32 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL173 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL176 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL178 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL180 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL182 .long 0x12ad .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL185 .long 0x12ad .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL141 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL143 .long 0x1380 .uleb128 0x41 .long .LVL146 .long 0xf21 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL147 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL160 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x41 .long .LVL163 .long 0x1297 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL164 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL168 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x41 .long .LVL172 .long 0xc80 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL137 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL138 .long 0x133e .uleb128 0x41 .long .LVL139 .long 0x9b2 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2b .long .LASF225 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1cb .long .LFB38 .long .LFE38-.LFB38 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0x11ed .uleb128 0x20 .string "buf" .byte 0x1 .value 0x1cb .long 0xb2 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x20 .string "len" .byte 0x1 .value 0x1cb .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF196 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1cb .long 0x25 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x1f .long .LASF197 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1cb .long 0x141 .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .uleb128 0x2e .long .LVL187 .long 0x914 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .byte 0x6 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .uleb128 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .byte 0x6 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x42 .long .LASF259 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1d6 .long .LFB39 .long .LFE39-.LFB39 .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x9c .long 0x120d .uleb128 0x21 .long .LVL188 .long 0x138b .byte 0 .uleb128 0x43 .long .LASF226 .byte 0x10 .byte 0x17 .long 0x37 .uleb128 0x43 .long .LASF227 .byte 0x11 .byte 0xb .long 0x550 .uleb128 0xc .long 0x7d9 .long 0x1233 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x43 .long .LASF228 .byte 0x11 .byte 0x12 .long 0x1223 .uleb128 0x43 .long .LASF229 .byte 0x11 .byte 0x21 .long 0x4f0 .uleb128 0xc .long 0xb8 .long 0x1259 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x3f .byte 0 .uleb128 0x43 .long .LASF230 .byte 0x1 .byte 0xf .long 0x1249 .uleb128 0x44 .long .LASF231 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x15 .long 0x8a4 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0x3 .long g_mm_leak_check_timer .uleb128 0xc .long 0xf6 .long 0x1285 .uleb128 0xd .long 0xa9 .byte 0x1 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x45 .long .LASF232 .byte 0x1 .value 0x1d0 .long 0x1275 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0x3 .long dumpsys_cli_cmd .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF233 .long .LASF233 .byte 0x12 .byte 0x1c .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF234 .long .LASF234 .byte 0xc .byte 0xe4 .uleb128 0x47 .long .LASF235 .long .LASF235 .byte 0x13 .value 0x10a .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF236 .long .LASF236 .byte 0x14 .byte 0x50 .uleb128 0x47 .long .LASF237 .long .LASF237 .byte 0x15 .value 0x1e8 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF238 .long .LASF238 .byte 0xb .byte 0x17 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF239 .long .LASF239 .byte 0x11 .byte 0x79 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF240 .long .LASF240 .byte 0xb .byte 0x1d .uleb128 0x47 .long .LASF241 .long .LASF241 .byte 0x15 .value 0x200 .uleb128 0x48 .long .LASF260 .long .LASF260 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF242 .long .LASF242 .byte 0x1 .byte 0x12 .uleb128 0x47 .long .LASF218 .long .LASF218 .byte 0x1 .value 0x112 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF243 .long .LASF243 .byte 0xf .byte 0x6c .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF244 .long .LASF244 .byte 0x16 .byte 0x1f .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF245 .long .LASF245 .byte 0xf .byte 0x75 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF246 .long .LASF246 .byte 0x17 .byte 0x20 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF247 .long .LASF247 .byte 0xf .byte 0x3f .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF248 .long .LASF248 .byte 0xf .byte 0x65 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF249 .long .LASF249 .byte 0xc .byte 0xed .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF250 .long .LASF250 .byte 0x11 .byte 0x9e .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF251 .long .LASF251 .byte 0x13 .byte 0xf4 .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF252 .long .LASF252 .byte 0xc .byte 0xcc .uleb128 0x46 .long .LASF253 .long .LASF253 .byte 0x5 .byte 0x57 .byte 0 .section .debug_abbrev,"",@progbits .Ldebug_abbrev0: .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x11 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x25 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x1b .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x55 .uleb128 0x17 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x10 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x24 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3e .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x16 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x4 .uleb128 0x24 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3e .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0xf .byte 0 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0xf .byte 0 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x7 .uleb128 0x26 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x9 .uleb128 0xd .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x38 .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xa .uleb128 0x15 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xc .uleb128 0x1 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xd .uleb128 0x21 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0xf .uleb128 0x28 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x10 .uleb128 0x28 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0xd .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x38 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x14 .uleb128 0xd .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x38 .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x15 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x20 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x16 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x17 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x20 .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x20 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1a .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x20 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1b .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1d .uleb128 0xb .byte 0x1 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1e .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2117 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x1f .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x20 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x21 .uleb128 0x4109 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x22 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2117 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x23 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x24 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x25 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x26 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x28 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x29 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2a .uleb128 0xb .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x55 .uleb128 0x17 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2b .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2117 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2c .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2d .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2e .uleb128 0x4109 .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x2115 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2f .uleb128 0x410a .byte 0 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2111 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x30 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2117 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x32 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x33 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x34 .uleb128 0xb .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x35 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x36 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x37 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x38 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0x8 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x39 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x1c .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3d .uleb128 0xb .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x55 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3e .uleb128 0x1d .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x58 .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x59 .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0xb .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x17 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x41 .uleb128 0x4109 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x2115 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x31 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x42 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0x1 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x27 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x11 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x12 .uleb128 0x6 .uleb128 0x40 .uleb128 0x18 .uleb128 0x2117 .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x1 .uleb128 0x13 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x43 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x19 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x44 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x45 .uleb128 0x34 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .uleb128 0x49 .uleb128 0x13 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x2 .uleb128 0x18 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x46 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x6e .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0xb .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x47 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x6e .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3a .uleb128 0xb .uleb128 0x3b .uleb128 0x5 .byte 0 .byte 0 .uleb128 0x48 .uleb128 0x2e .byte 0 .uleb128 0x3f .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x3c .uleb128 0x19 .uleb128 0x6e .uleb128 0xe .uleb128 0x3 .uleb128 0xe .byte 0 .byte 0 .byte 0 .section .debug_loc,"",@progbits .Ldebug_loc0: .LLST0: .long .LVL29 .long .LVL30 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST1: .long .LVL26 .long .LVL48 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL50 .long .LVL51 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST2: .long .LVL28 .long .LVL32 .value 0x1 .byte 0x57 .long .LVL32 .long .LVL48 .value 0x3 .byte 0x73 .sleb128 -40 .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST3: .long .LVL11 .long .LVL12-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL12-1 .long .LVL59 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -368 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST4: .long .LVL4 .long .LVL26 .value 0x3 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x4e .byte 0x9f .long .LVL33 .long .LVL44-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL44-1 .long .LVL48 .value 0x11 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x59 .byte 0x8 .byte 0x4e .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -368 .byte 0x6 .byte 0x73 .sleb128 -40 .byte 0x29 .byte 0x28 .value 0x1 .byte 0x16 .byte 0x13 .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST5: .long .LVL4 .long .LVL7 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL7 .long .LVL8 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL8 .long .LFE29 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -356 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST6: .long .LVL5 .long .LVL15 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL15 .long .LVL16-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL16-1 .long .LVL17 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long .LVL17 .long .LVL18 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL18 .long .LVL19-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL19-1 .long .LVL20 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long .LVL20 .long .LVL22 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL23 .long .LVL24 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL24 .long .LVL26 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL26 .long .LVL27 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL27 .long .LVL45 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long .LVL45 .long .LVL46 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL46 .long .LVL49 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long .LVL49 .long .LVL50 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL50 .long .LVL53 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long .LVL53 .long .LVL54 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL54 .long .LVL55 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -360 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST7: .long .LVL5 .long .LVL26 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL34 .long .LVL35 .value 0x1 .byte 0x51 .long .LVL35 .long .LVL50 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -364 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST8: .long .LVL31 .long .LVL36 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL37 .long .LVL38 .value 0x3 .byte 0x77 .sleb128 -18 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL38 .long .LVL39 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL39 .long .LVL40 .value 0x2 .byte 0x74 .sleb128 0 .long .LVL40 .long .LVL41 .value 0x2 .byte 0x74 .sleb128 4 .long .LVL41 .long .LVL42 .value 0x2 .byte 0x74 .sleb128 8 .long .LVL42 .long .LVL43 .value 0x2 .byte 0x74 .sleb128 12 .long .LVL43 .long .LVL44-1 .value 0x2 .byte 0x74 .sleb128 16 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST9: .long .LVL61 .long .LVL64 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST10: .long .LVL61 .long .LVL63 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST11: .long .LVL61 .long .LVL62 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 8 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST12: .long .LVL68 .long .LVL71 .value 0xa .byte 0x9e .uleb128 0x8 .quad 0x2710 .long .LVL71 .long .LVL72-1 .value 0x6 .byte 0x50 .byte 0x93 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x52 .byte 0x93 .uleb128 0x4 .long .LVL74 .long .LVL76 .value 0xa .byte 0x9e .uleb128 0x8 .quad 0x2710 .long .LVL76 .long .LVL80 .value 0x6 .byte 0x56 .byte 0x93 .uleb128 0x4 .byte 0x57 .byte 0x93 .uleb128 0x4 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST13: .long .LVL85 .long .LVL94 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL94 .long .LVL95 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL97 .long .LVL98-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST14: .long .LVL96 .long .LVL97 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST15: .long .LVL92 .long .LVL93 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL93 .long .LVL123 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -572 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST16: .long .LVL85 .long .LVL101 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL101 .long .LVL107 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -568 .long .LVL109 .long .LVL123 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -568 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST17: .long .LVL96 .long .LVL97 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL101 .long .LVL108 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -564 .long .LVL109 .long .LVL123 .value 0x3 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -564 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST18: .long .LVL86 .long .LVL89 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL89 .long .LVL90 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL90 .long .LVL125 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST19: .long .LVL87 .long .LVL101 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL101 .long .LVL103 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL104 .long .LVL105 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL105 .long .LVL111 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL112 .long .LVL113 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL113 .long .LVL116 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST20: .long .LVL128 .long .LVL134 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST21: .long .LVL129 .long .LVL133 .value 0x3 .byte 0x73 .sleb128 -40 .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST22: .long .LVL126 .long .LVL128 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL128 .long .LVL135 .value 0x8 .byte 0x77 .sleb128 0 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x29 .byte 0x8 .byte 0xff .byte 0x1a .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST23: .long .LVL140 .long .LVL142 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -40 .long .LVL142 .long .LVL143-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL143-1 .long .LVL146 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .long .LVL146 .long .LVL147-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL147-1 .long .LVL167 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .long .LVL167 .long .LVL168-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL168-1 .long .LVL169 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 12 .long .LVL169 .long .LVL172-1 .value 0x1 .byte 0x52 .long .LVL172-1 .long .LVL172 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -40 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST24: .long .LVL140 .long .LVL172 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 -36 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST25: .long .LVL140 .long .LVL145 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL145 .long .LVL146 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long .LVL146 .long .LVL149 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL149 .long .LVL159 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long .LVL159 .long .LVL162 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL162 .long .LVL163 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long .LVL163 .long .LVL171 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL171 .long .LVL172-1 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST26: .long .LVL140 .long .LVL144 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL146 .long .LVL157 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL157 .long .LVL159 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .long .LVL159 .long .LVL161 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL163 .long .LVL170 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL170 .long .LVL172-1 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST27: .long .LVL148 .long .LVL149 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL149 .long .LVL159 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 4 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST28: .long .LVL148 .long .LVL157 .value 0x1 .byte 0x53 .long .LVL157 .long .LVL158 .value 0x2 .byte 0x91 .sleb128 0 .long 0 .long 0 .LLST29: .long .LVL148 .long .LVL151 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL151 .long .LVL152 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL154 .long .LVL155 .value 0x1 .byte 0x56 .long .LVL155 .long .LVL156 .value 0x6 .byte 0x76 .sleb128 0 .byte 0x70 .sleb128 0 .byte 0x22 .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST30: .long .LVL165 .long .LVL166 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long 0 .long 0 .LLST32: .long .LVL172 .long .LVL174 .value 0x2 .byte 0x30 .byte 0x9f .long .LVL174 .long .LVL175 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long .LVL175 .long .LVL183 .value 0x1 .byte 0x57 .long .LVL183 .long .LVL184 .value 0x1 .byte 0x50 .long 0 .long 0 .section .debug_aranges,"",@progbits .long 0x64 .value 0x2 .long .Ldebug_info0 .byte 0x4 .byte 0 .value 0 .value 0 .long .LFB32 .long .LFE32-.LFB32 .long .LFB29 .long .LFE29-.LFB29 .long .LFB37 .long .LFE37-.LFB37 .long .LFB31 .long .LFE31-.LFB31 .long .LFB33 .long .LFE33-.LFB33 .long .LFB35 .long .LFE35-.LFB35 .long .LFB36 .long .LFE36-.LFB36 .long .LFB34 .long .LFE34-.LFB34 .long .LFB38 .long .LFE38-.LFB38 .long .LFB39 .long .LFE39-.LFB39 .long 0 .long 0 .section .debug_ranges,"",@progbits .Ldebug_ranges0: .long .LBB13 .long .LBE13 .long .LBB14 .long .LBE14 .long 0 .long 0 .long .LBB24 .long .LBE24 .long .LBB34 .long .LBE34 .long .LBB35 .long .LBE35 .long .LBB36 .long .LBE36 .long 0 .long 0 .long .LFB32 .long .LFE32 .long .LFB29 .long .LFE29 .long .LFB37 .long .LFE37 .long .LFB31 .long .LFE31 .long .LFB33 .long .LFE33 .long .LFB35 .long .LFE35 .long .LFB36 .long .LFE36 .long .LFB34 .long .LFE34 .long .LFB38 .long .LFE38 .long .LFB39 .long .LFE39 .long 0 .long 0 .section .debug_line,"",@progbits .Ldebug_line0: .section .debug_str,"MS",@progbits,1 .LASF234: .string "krhino_task_stack_min_free" .LASF36: .string "RHINO_NULL_PTR" .LASF244: .string "krhino_ms_to_ticks" .LASF75: .string "RHINO_BUF_QUEUE_FULL" .LASF26: .string "sem_count_t" .LASF144: .string "task_stat_t" .LASF260: .string "__stack_chk_fail" .LASF210: .string "tmpbuf" .LASF181: .string "timer_cb_t" .LASF29: .string "suspend_nested_t" .LASF258: .string "cpu_cur_get" .LASF46: .string "RHINO_MM_FREE_ADDR_ERR" .LASF31: .string "RHINO_SYS_FATAL_ERR" .LASF231: .string "g_mm_leak_check_timer" .LASF225: .string "dumpsys_cmd" .LASF164: .string "pend_flags" .LASF154: .string "tick_list" .LASF95: .string "tick_t" .LASF0: .string "unsigned int" .LASF98: .string "next" .LASF155: .string "tick_match" .LASF201: .string "dumpsys_task_func" .LASF63: .string "RHINO_INV_TASK_STATE" .LASF218: .string "atoi" .LASF48: .string "RHINO_DYN_MEM_PROC_ERR" .LASF259: .string "dumpsys_cli_init" .LASF125: .string "mutex_head" .LASF85: .string "RHINO_TRY_AGAIN" .LASF54: .string "RHINO_SCHED_LOCK_COUNT_OVF" .LASF214: .string "name_cut" .LASF217: .string "round_sec" .LASF64: .string "RHINO_IDLE_TASK_EXIST" .LASF84: .string "RHINO_NOT_CALLED_BY_INTRPT" .LASF113: .string "RHINO_QUEUE_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF194: .string "pcWriteBuffer" .LASF78: .string "RHINO_QUEUE_NOT_FULL" .LASF171: .string "mm_alloc_flag" .LASF41: .string "RHINO_KOBJ_BLK" .LASF99: .string "prev" .LASF69: .string "RHINO_BLK_INV_STATE" .LASF53: .string "RHINO_SCHED_ALREADY_ENABLED" .LASF105: .string "BLK_ABORT" .LASF203: .string "free_size" .LASF233: .string "dumpsys_mm_info_func" .LASF57: .string "RHINO_TASK_NOT_SUSPENDED" .LASF161: .string "task_sem_obj" .LASF60: .string "RHINO_SUSPENDED_COUNT_OVF" .LASF19: .string "uint32_t" .LASF192: .string "dumpsys_mm_leak_func" .LASF152: .string "mutex_list" .LASF51: .string "RHINO_RINGBUF_EMPTY" .LASF222: .string "taskname" .LASF44: .string "RHINO_MM_POOL_SIZE_ERR" .LASF177: .string "count" .LASF250: .string "k_err_proc" .LASF18: .string "int16_t" .LASF118: .string "kobj_type_t" .LASF226: .string "aos_log_level" .LASF230: .string "esc_tag" .LASF58: .string "RHINO_TASK_DEL_NOT_ALLOWED" .LASF14: .string "long long unsigned int" .LASF103: .string "blk_policy_t" .LASF76: .string "RHINO_BUF_QUEUE_MSG_SIZE_OVERFLOW" .LASF30: .string "RHINO_SUCCESS" .LASF202: .string "detail" .LASF163: .string "time_total" .LASF187: .string "init_count" .LASF68: .string "RHINO_BLK_DEL" .LASF139: .string "K_SUSPENDED" .LASF193: .string "dumpsys_func" .LASF215: .string "dumpsys_mm_leak_check_func" .LASF66: .string "RHINO_BLK_ABORT" .LASF256: .string "/home/stone/Documents/pca" .LASF220: .string "bufoffset" .LASF182: .string "timer_list" .LASF247: .string "krhino_timer_create" .LASF4: .string "size_t" .LASF211: .string "offset" .LASF90: .string "RHINO_WORKQUEUE_WORK_RUNNING" .LASF151: .string "suspend_count" .LASF156: .string "tick_remain" .LASF166: .string "pend_option" .LASF42: .string "RHINO_KOBJ_SET_FULL" .LASF24: .string "_Bool" .LASF196: .string "argc" .LASF88: .string "RHINO_WORKQUEUE_WORK_EXIST" .LASF135: .string "runqueue_t" .LASF13: .string "__uint64_t" .LASF224: .string "task_cmd" .LASF236: .string "csp_printf" .LASF34: .string "RHINO_STOPPED" .LASF159: .string "task_state" .LASF134: .string "highest_pri" .LASF70: .string "RHINO_BLK_POOL_SIZE_ERR" .LASF186: .string "remain" .LASF80: .string "RHINO_SEM_TASK_WAITING" .LASF79: .string "RHINO_SEM_OVF" .LASF208: .string "candidate" .LASF91: .string "RHINO_TASK_STACK_OVF" .LASF117: .string "RHINO_MM_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF126: .string "mblkpool_head" .LASF35: .string "RHINO_INV_PARAM" .LASF189: .string "priv" .LASF104: .string "BLK_FINISH" .LASF86: .string "RHINO_WORKQUEUE_EXIST" .LASF16: .string "char" .LASF178: .string "peak_count" .LASF204: .string "cpu_stat" .LASF255: .string "src/dumpsys.c" .LASF73: .string "RHINO_BUF_QUEUE_INV_SIZE" .LASF191: .string "ktimer_t" .LASF33: .string "RHINO_RUNNING" .LASF213: .string "taskstate" .LASF17: .string "uint8_t" .LASF145: .string "task_stack" .LASF249: .string "krhino_task_stack_cur_free" .LASF221: .string "dump_task_stack_byname" .LASF40: .string "RHINO_KOBJ_DOCKER_EXIST" .LASF209: .string "printbuf" .LASF160: .string "blk_state" .LASF200: .string "mm_leak_timer_cb" .LASF174: .string "owner_nested" .LASF238: .string "krhino_sched_disable" .LASF1: .string "long long int" .LASF223: .string "printall" .LASF67: .string "RHINO_BLK_TIMEOUT" .LASF146: .string "task_name" .LASF207: .string "task" .LASF170: .string "b_prio" .LASF130: .string "buf_queue_head" .LASF7: .string "__int16_t" .LASF185: .string "match" .LASF107: .string "BLK_DEL" .LASF239: .string "preferred_cpu_ready_task_get" .LASF106: .string "BLK_TIMEOUT" .LASF251: .string "sprintf" .LASF184: .string "timer_cb_arg" .LASF62: .string "RHINO_PRI_CHG_NOT_ALLOWED" .LASF138: .string "K_PEND" .LASF109: .string "blk_state_t" .LASF253: .string "aos_cli_register_commands" .LASF235: .string "snprintf" .LASF205: .string "taskhead" .LASF89: .string "RHINO_WORKQUEUE_BUSY" .LASF49: .string "RHINO_NO_MEM" .LASF150: .string "task_list" .LASF81: .string "RHINO_MUTEX_NOT_RELEASED_BY_OWNER" .LASF119: .string "blk_obj" .LASF97: .string "klist_s" .LASF100: .string "klist_t" .LASF77: .string "RHINO_QUEUE_FULL" .LASF165: .string "pend_info" .LASF120: .string "blk_list" .LASF72: .string "RHINO_NO_THIS_EVENT_OPT" .LASF116: .string "RHINO_EVENT_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF169: .string "prio" .LASF176: .string "sem_s" .LASF65: .string "RHINO_NO_PEND_WAIT" .LASF147: .string "user_info" .LASF197: .string "argv" .LASF237: .string "aos_malloc" .LASF2: .string "long double" .LASF93: .string "kstat_t" .LASF25: .string "name_t" .LASF153: .string "task_stats_item" .LASF45: .string "RHINO_MM_ALLOC_SIZE_ERR" .LASF173: .string "mutex_task" .LASF101: .string "BLK_POLICY_PRI" .LASF252: .string "krhino_cur_task_get" .LASF228: .string "g_preferred_ready_task" .LASF8: .string "short int" .LASF10: .string "long int" .LASF190: .string "timer_state" .LASF148: .string "task_stack_base" .LASF129: .string "event_head" .LASF136: .string "K_SEED" .LASF179: .string "sem_item" .LASF137: .string "K_RDY" .LASF131: .string "kobj_list_t" .LASF180: .string "ktask_t" .LASF128: .string "queue_head" .LASF243: .string "krhino_timer_stop" .LASF20: .string "uint64_t" .LASF142: .string "K_SLEEP_SUSPENDED" .LASF212: .string "totallen" .LASF82: .string "RHINO_MUTEX_OWNER_NESTED" .LASF188: .string "round_ticks" .LASF112: .string "RHINO_MUTEX_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF5: .string "__uint8_t" .LASF50: .string "RHINO_RINGBUF_FULL" .LASF21: .string "name" .LASF198: .string "plen" .LASF132: .string "cur_list_item" .LASF141: .string "K_SLEEP" .LASF83: .string "RHINO_MUTEX_NESTED_OVF" .LASF27: .string "cpu_stack_t" .LASF56: .string "RHINO_TASK_INV_STACK_SIZE" .LASF123: .string "blk_obj_t" .LASF71: .string "RHINO_TIMER_STATE_INV" .LASF162: .string "time_slice" .LASF183: .string "to_head" .LASF15: .string "sizetype" .LASF232: .string "dumpsys_cli_cmd" .LASF12: .string "long unsigned int" .LASF102: .string "BLK_POLICY_FIFO" .LASF110: .string "RHINO_OBJ_TYPE_NONE" .LASF245: .string "krhino_timer_change" .LASF37: .string "RHINO_INV_ALIGN" .LASF47: .string "RHINO_MM_CORRUPT_ERR" .LASF55: .string "RHINO_INV_SCHED_WAY" .LASF61: .string "RHINO_BEYOND_MAX_PRI" .LASF257: .string "dumpsys_info_func" .LASF157: .string "tick_head" .LASF248: .string "krhino_timer_start" .LASF172: .string "mutex_s" .LASF22: .string "help" .LASF6: .string "unsigned char" .LASF11: .string "__uint32_t" .LASF23: .string "function" .LASF254: .string "GNU C11 5.4.0 20160609 -m32 -mtune=generic -march=i686 -ggdb -Os -std=gnu11 -fsigned-char -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-common -fstack-protector-strong" .LASF219: .string "dump_task_stack" .LASF124: .string "task_head" .LASF122: .string "obj_type" .LASF92: .string "RHINO_INTRPT_STACK_OVF" .LASF39: .string "RHINO_KOBJ_DEL_ERR" .LASF133: .string "task_bit_map" .LASF195: .string "xWriteBufferLen" .LASF28: .string "mutex_nested_t" .LASF206: .string "taskend" .LASF149: .string "stack_size" .LASF115: .string "RHINO_TIMER_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF241: .string "aos_free" .LASF227: .string "g_ready_queue" .LASF240: .string "krhino_sched_enable" .LASF127: .string "sem_head" .LASF229: .string "g_kobj_list" .LASF140: .string "K_PEND_SUSPENDED" .LASF59: .string "RHINO_TASK_SUSPEND_NOT_ALLOWED" .LASF3: .string "signed char" .LASF94: .string "sys_time_t" .LASF175: .string "mutex_item" .LASF9: .string "short unsigned int" .LASF52: .string "RHINO_SCHED_DISABLE" .LASF111: .string "RHINO_SEM_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF167: .string "sched_policy" .LASF242: .string "dump_mmleak" .LASF121: .string "blk_policy" .LASF74: .string "RHINO_BUF_QUEUE_SIZE_ZERO" .LASF143: .string "K_DELETED" .LASF114: .string "RHINO_BUF_QUEUE_OBJ_TYPE" .LASF168: .string "cpu_num" .LASF199: .string "timer" .LASF87: .string "RHINO_WORKQUEUE_NOT_EXIST" .LASF216: .string "run_flag" .LASF158: .string "bq_msg_size" .LASF38: .string "RHINO_KOBJ_TYPE_ERR" .LASF108: .string "BLK_INVALID" .LASF246: .string "strcmp" .LASF96: .string "cli_command" .LASF32: .string "RHINO_SYS_SP_ERR" .LASF43: .string "RHINO_NOTIFY_FUNC_EXIST" .ident "GCC: (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.10) 5.4.0 20160609" .section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits

github_open_source_100_8_19882

Github OpenSource

Various open source

<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers; use Illuminate\Database\QueryException; use Illuminate\Http\Request; use App\Models\Cliente; use App\Http\Requests; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB; class ClienteController extends Controller { /** * Display a listing of the resource. * * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function index() { $cliente= DB::table('tm_cliente')->get(); return view('cliente.index',compact('cliente')); } /** * Show the form for creating a new resource. * * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function create() { return view('cliente.create'); } /** * Store a newly created resource in storage. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function store(Request $request) { $new= new Cliente; $new->nit= $request->nit; $new->razon_social= $request->razon_social; $new->direccion= $request->direccion; $new->save(); return Redirect('/cliente'); } /** * Display the specified resource. * * @param int $id * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function show($id) { // } /** * Show the form for editing the specified resource. * * @param int $id * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function edit($id) { // } /** * Update the specified resource in storage. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request * @param int $id * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function update(Request $request, $id) { // } /** * Remove the specified resource from storage. * * @param int $id * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function destroy($id) { // } }

github_open_source_100_8_19883

Github OpenSource

Various open source

use std::path; #[iftree::include_file_tree( " paths = '**' base_folder = 'examples/assets' " )] pub struct Asset { relative_path: &'static str, contents_str: &'static str, } #[rocket::launch] fn launch() -> _ { rocket::build().mount("/", rocket::routes![get_asset]) } #[rocket::get("/<path..>")] fn get_asset(path: path::PathBuf) -> Option<&'static str> { let path = path .iter() .map(|component| component.to_string_lossy()) .collect::<Vec<_>>() .join("/"); // For a more efficient lookup, see the `scenario_hash_map` example. ASSETS .iter() .position(|asset| asset.relative_path == path) .map(|index| ASSETS[index].contents_str) }

github_open_source_100_8_19884

Github OpenSource

Various open source

/* a very tiny program in C# */ using System; namespace solution1 { class Program { static int getInitNumber(int n) { return (int) Math.Pow(10,n); } static bool isPrime(int num) { int count = 2; bool prime = true; while ((prime) && (count!=num)) { if (num % count == 0) { prime = false; } count++; } return prime; } static int largestprime(int n){ int val = 0; int initNumber = getInitNumber(n); int lastNumber = getInitNumber(n + 1); for (int i = initNumber; i< lastNumber; i++) { if (isPrime(i)) { val = i; } } return val; } static void Main(string[] args) { //test number int n = 2; Console.WriteLine("Largest Prime:" + largestprime(n)); } } }

US-201213351723-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Condensation-induced corrosion resistant cell mounting well ABSTRACT A battery mounting structure for use within a battery pack housing is provided that prevents condensation-induced corrosion from occurring between the terminals of a battery. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/655,657, filed 5 Jan. 2010, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference for any and all purposes. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to batteries, and more particularly, to a means for preventing condensation-induced corrosion. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Batteries are subject to a variety of defects and failure mechanisms that may lead to impaired performance or catastrophic failure, as well as collateral damage to neighboring batteries, electronics, and miscellaneous structures. Exemplary defects and failure mechanisms include internal and external short circuits, thermal runaway, malfunctioning battery casings, and malfunctioning venting systems. These, and other, defects and failure mechanisms may be the result of manufacturing flaws, improper handling or storage, misuse, improper charging (for rechargeable batteries), or the environment in which the batteries operate or are stored. Environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and pressure all play a significant role in the initiation of a battery failure. FIG. 1 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a battery 100, for example a lithium ion battery utilizing the 18650 form-factor. Battery 100 includes a cylindrical case 101, an electrode assembly 103, and a cap assembly 105. Case 101 is typically made of a metal, such as nickel-plated steel, that has been selected such that it will not react with the battery materials, e.g., the electrolyte, electrode assembly, etc. For an 18650 cell, case 101 is comprised of a cylinder and an integrated, i.e., seamless, bottom surface 107. Cap assembly 105 includes a battery terminal 109, e.g., the positive terminal, and an insulator 111, insulator 111 preventing terminal 109 from making electrical contact with case 101. Cap assembly 105 typically also includes an internal positive temperature coefficient (PTC) current limiting device and a venting mechanism (neither shown), the venting mechanism designed to rupture at high pressures and provide a pathway for cell contents to escape. Cap assembly 105 may contain other seals and elements depending upon the selected design/configuration. Electrode assembly 103 is comprised of an anode sheet, a cathode sheet and an interposed separator, wound together in a spiral pattern often referred to as a ‘jelly-roll’. An anode electrode tab 113 connects the anode electrode of the wound electrode assembly to the negative terminal while a cathode tab 115 connects the cathode electrode of the wound electrode assembly to the positive terminal. In the illustrated embodiment, the negative terminal is case 101 and the positive terminal is terminal 109. In most configurations, battery 100 also includes a pair of insulators 117/119. Case 101 includes a crimped portion 121 that is designed to help hold the internal elements, e.g., seals, electrode assembly, etc., in place. In a battery such as that shown in FIG. 1, condensation can easily accumulate in area 123. Condensation accumulation is more likely to occur in applications in which the battery is subjected to a wide range of environments and operating conditions, for example the battery pack in an electric vehicle. When condensation or water accumulates in area 123, or in a similar region in a battery with a different configuration, electrolytic and galvanic corrosion will typically occur due to the voltage differential and the different materials used for the battery case and the terminal. Electrolytic and galvanic corrosion leads to the rapid corrosion of the terminal, casing, or both. As a result, the life expectancy of the affected battery is greatly reduced. Additionally, as the affected battery corrodes, it may rupture which can lead to the damage or destruction of adjacent cells. Battery corrosion may also cause the affected battery to short circuit, which will not only affect the performance of the battery pack in which the affected battery resides, but may also lead to the battery entering into thermal runaway. Due to the large amount of thermal energy rapidly released during a thermal runaway event, cells in proximity to the affected cell may also enter into thermal runaway, leading to a cascading effect. As a result, power from the battery pack is interrupted and the system employing the battery pack is likely to incur extensive collateral damage due to the scale of thermal runaway and the associated release of thermal energy. In a conventional battery pack, the battery regions of concern (e.g., region 123) remain susceptible to condensation. For example, FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of a conventional battery pack housing member with a plurality of batteries mounted within the corresponding mounting wells. As shown, the end region of each battery remains open to the environment and, as a result, allows condensation to continue to accumulate near the battery cap assemblies. One approach to overcoming the electrolytic and galvanic corrosion problem is to apply a potting material to the end region of each battery. While such an approach does prevent corrosion, it prevents access to the battery terminal of the cap assembly (e.g., terminal 109 of FIG. 1). Therefore the potting material must be applied after coupling (e.g., resistance welding or soldering) the battery interconnect to the battery terminal. Unfortunately this approach prevents inspection and/or replacement of a battery interconnect after potting. The potting material may also interfere with the proper functioning of terminal interconnect fuses. Lastly, a large amount of potting material, for example that required to encase a large portion of a battery pack, adds significant weight and cost to the battery pack, thereby making this an undesirable, and in many cases unacceptable, solution. Accordingly, what is needed is a means for preventing condensation-induced corrosion of a battery, and more specifically for preventing electrolytic and galvanic corrosion from occurring between the battery's cap assembly and casing. The present invention provides such a means. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a battery mounting structure, preferably for use within a battery pack housing, which prevents condensation-induced corrosion from occurring between the terminals of a battery. The cell mounting structure is comprised of a mounting well adapted to receive the end portion of a corresponding battery. The mounting well includes a central through-hole configured to receive the battery terminal. In at least one embodiment, the battery terminal extends through the hole within the mounting well. The mounting well is further comprised of an annular ring, preferably raised relative to the bottom surface of the mounting well, that encircles the through-hole and is sized to support the cap assembly of the battery. A gap, formed between the inner surface of the mounting well and the battery cap assembly, is filled with a sealant, the sealant forming a watertight seal that separates the battery terminal from the cell case, thereby preventing condensation-induced corrosion from occurring between the battery terminals. The sealant is preferably comprised of an electrically insulating adhesive with a viscosity in the range of 100 cps to 2000 cps. In at least one embodiment, the cell mounting well includes a plurality of spacers integral to the mounting well sidewall, integral to the mounting well bottom surface, or both. A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention may be realized by reference to the remaining portions of the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 provides a simplified cross-sectional view of a battery in accordance with the prior art; FIG. 2 provides a perspective view of a plurality of batteries mounted within a conventional battery pack housing member; FIG. 3 provides a cross-sectional view of a battery mounting well in accordance with the invention; FIG. 4 illustrates the battery mounting well of FIG. 3 with a battery inserted into the battery mounting cavity of the structure; FIG. 5 provides an identical view to that shown in FIG. 4, with the inclusion of a bonding material; and FIG. 6 provides a perspective, cross-sectional view of a mounting well with integral spacers. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS In the following text, the terms “battery”, “cell”, and “battery cell” may be used interchangeably and may refer to any of a variety of different cell chemistries and configurations including, but not limited to, lithium ion (e.g., lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, other lithium metal oxides, etc.), lithium ion polymer, nickel metal hydride, nickel cadmium, nickel hydrogen, nickel zinc, silver zinc, or other battery type/configuration. The term “battery pack” as used herein refers to multiple individual batteries contained within a single piece or multi-piece housing, the individual batteries electrically interconnected to achieve the desired voltage and capacity for a particular application. It should be understood that identical element symbols used on multiple figures refer to the same component, or components of equal functionality. Additionally, the accompanying figures are only meant to illustrate, not limit, the scope of the invention and should not be considered to be to scale. Accordingly, not all battery elements and/or battery pack elements are shown in the illustrations. FIGS. 3-5 provide a cross-sectional view of a portion of a battery mounting well 300 in accordance with the invention. Mounting well 300 is sized to accept the end portion of a battery. FIG. 4 illustrates a battery 400 mounted within mounting well 300. In this view, battery 400 has been simplified to include only a case comprised of a lateral outer surface 401 and an end surface 402, a generic cap assembly 403, and an electrical insulating gasket 405 that separates the case from cap assembly 403. The illustrated cap assembly 403 includes a battery terminal 407, but does not include any of the various interior components that typically comprise the cap assembly (e.g., a current interrupt device (CID), a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) element, a vent, seals, etc.). Mounting well 300 has a through-hole 303 in the center of well 300 that allows easy access to battery terminal 407 once the battery is mounted within the mounting well. In at least one embodiment, battery terminal 407 extends partially, or completely, through hole 303. An annular ring 305, preferably raised as shown, encircles through-hole 303 and is sized to support cap assembly 403 around terminal 407 while providing a gap 409 between wall 307 of annular ring 305 and adjacent portions of cap assembly 403 and gasket 405. After battery 400 is inserted within cell mounting well 300, a sealant is administered between battery case 401 and the well, the sealant preventing condensation from bridging the gap between the battery case and the battery terminal. The union of annular ring 305 and the complementary surface of cap assembly 403 forms a sealant dam, the sealant dam preventing the sealant from escaping from gap 409, past annular ring 305, and covering battery terminal 407. Preferably recessed cavity 300 is chamfered as shown, chamfer 309 simplifying battery insertion as well as application of the sealant. Although not shown, in an alternate configuration the edge of well 300 has a radius that serves the same purposes as chamfer 309. The primary requirement for the sealant is that it be electrically insulating (i.e., high dielectric constant). Additionally, the sealant must have a sufficiently low viscosity (e.g., 100 to 2000 cps) to allow it to flow between the battery casing and the mounting well and then wick into region 409 prior to solidification. Preferably the selected sealant not only creates the desired watertight seal, but also bonds the battery in place, thus creating a strong, mechanical support structure for the batteries within a battery pack. It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to a specific adhesive, rather any of a variety of adhesives may be used as long as they have the requisite viscosity and dielectric characteristics to ensure an adequate, electrically insulating seal. Exemplary adhesives include 1- and 2-part epoxies, silicon adhesives and urethane adhesives. In at least one preferred embodiment, a UV-activated epoxy is used. FIG. 5 provides the same view of mounting well 300 and battery 400 as shown in FIG. 4, with the addition of an adhesive 501 within gap 409 as well as other regions separating the structure from battery case 401. This figure illustrates that once gap 409 is filled with adhesive 501, there is no longer a direct path between the battery case and the battery terminal, thereby essentially eliminating the risk of electrolytic and galvanic corrosion around the cap assembly. As previously noted, the purpose of the present invention is two-fold. First and foremost, the disclosed mounting well creates a bonding dam that, once filled with adhesive, leaves the battery terminal uncovered while filling the gap between the battery case and the battery terminal. Second, the bond created by the mounting well and the sealant adds mechanical strength to the mounted battery. In the preferred embodiment described above, the bonding dam is formed, in part, by the annular ring 305 that is complementary to surface 413 of cap assembly 403. This configuration prevents adhesive from wicking out and potentially covering the terminal. It will be appreciated that in addition to forming a watertight seal as described above, the present invention requires a very small quantity of adhesive, thus overcoming another objection to the prior art's potting approach, i.e., weight gain. FIG. 6 provides a perspective, cross-sectional view of a mounting well in accordance with the invention. This view shows a preferred embodiment of a mounting well in which the well includes a plurality of spacers 601 and 603. Spacers 601 are located on sidewall 311 of cavity 300 while spacers 603 are located on lower cavity surface 313. Spacers 601 and 603 are used to position the battery case sidewall and the battery case end surface, respectively, within cavity 300. Spacers 601 and 603 ensure that the battery is centered within recessed cavity 300, and that there is sufficient space around the entire battery periphery to allow adhesive wicking into bonding/sealing gap 409. While the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is preferred, the inventor has determined that adequate adhesive wicking may be achieved using only spacers 601; alternately, only spacers 603; or alternately, neither spacers 601 or 603. Additionally, while spacers 601 and 603 are shown with a radial ribbed design, other spacer designs may be used to achieve the same goals with similar performance. For example, in an alternate embodiment the spacers are comprised of a plurality of bumps or other raised regions. A condensation test was employed to compare the performance of cells utilizing the presently disclosed mounting well, and a conventional mounting structure. The cells were lithium-ion cells with an 18650 form-factor. The cells in the test were held in a thermal chamber that was maintained at a temperature of 40° C. During the test, every six hours a drop of water was placed on the positive terminal of each cell. As the cells were vertically positioned with the positive terminal (e.g., terminal 109 of FIG. 1) facing up, the water accumulated on the positive terminal. After a period of only a few days, the conventionally mounted cells began to show evidence of corrosion. By the end of the first week, the corrosion on the conventionally mounted cells was significant. After 28 days, the corrosion on the conventionally mounted cells was quite severe. In contrast, the cells using the mounting well of the present invention showed no signs of corrosion throughout the entire test. In the previous description of the invention, the mounting well was shown with a cylindrical cell, and more specifically with a cylindrical cell utilizing the 18650 form-factor. It should be understood, however, that the problems outlined above may also occur in other cylindrical cells as well as those utilizing a different form-factor, as long as the proximity and geometry of the battery terminals is such that condensation can accumulate and cause electrolytic and/or galvanic corrosion to take place. In these cases, the benefits of the present invention are equally applicable as long as the disclosed mounting well is modified to match the specific geometry of the cell, thus allowing a watertight seal to be formed between the terminals. For the sake of clarity, the illustrations and description provided above have been for a single mounting well. It is assumed, however, that the primary application for the invention is in a battery pack housing member designed to support and seal a plurality of cells (i.e., tens to thousands of cells). For such an application, the housing member would include a plurality of cell mounting wells 300. To ensure that the housing member does not create another source of corrosion, preferably the housing member is fabricated from an electrically non-conductive material. In addition, preferably the material selected for the housing member is lightweight, easily manufactured, and capable of forming a strong bond with the selected adhesive. Exemplary materials include composite materials and any of a variety of polymers, e.g., a thermoplastic such as a polycarbonate/ABS (acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) blend. As will be understood by those familiar with the art, the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the disclosures and descriptions herein are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention which is set forth in the following claims. What is claimed is: 1. A battery pack, comprising: a plurality of cells housed within said battery pack, wherein each cell of said plurality of cells is further comprised of a cell case, said cell case having a lateral outer surface and an end surface, said end surface comprised of a central opening, wherein a cap assembly closes said central opening and wherein said cap assembly is comprised of a battery terminal, and wherein an insulator is interposed between said cap assembly and said central opening of said case; and a battery pack housing member configured to be integrated into said battery pack, said battery pack housing member comprising a plurality of cell mounting wells formed within an interior surface of said battery pack housing member, wherein each cell mounting well of said plurality of cell mounting wells is adapted to receive a first end portion of a corresponding cell of said plurality of cells, wherein said first end portion includes said cap assembly, and wherein each of said plurality of cell mounting wells further comprises; a central through-hole configured to receive said battery terminal of said corresponding cell, wherein said cell mounting well has a single opening, said single opening comprised solely of said central through-hole; an annular ring encircling said central through-hole, said annular ring configured to support a complementary surface of said cap assembly of said corresponding cell; a gap formed between at least one inner surface of said cell mounting well and a corresponding region of said cap assembly of said corresponding cell, said gap encircling said annular ring, and wherein said gap is further defined by a union of said annular ring and said complementary surface of said cap assembly; and a sealant disposed within said gap, said sealant forming a watertight seal separating said end surface of said cell case and said battery terminal of said corresponding cell. 2. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said sealant forms a watertight seal between said end surface of said cell case and said corresponding surface of said cell mounting well. 3. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said annular ring is raised relative to a bottom surface of said cell mounting well. 4. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said battery terminal extends through said central through-hole. 5. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein each cell mounting well of said plurality of cell mounting wells is chamfered. 6. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein each cell mounting well of said plurality of cell mounting wells has a corner radius. 7. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein each cell mounting well of said plurality of cell mounting wells further comprises a plurality of spacers integral to a bottom surface of said cell mounting well. 8. The battery pack housing member of claim 7, wherein each of said plurality of spacers is comprised of a ribbed structure. 9. The battery pack housing member of claim 7, wherein each of said plurality of spacers is comprised of at least one surface bump. 10. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein each cell mounting well of said plurality of cell mounting wells further comprises a plurality of spacers integral to a side surface of said cell mounting well. 11. The battery pack housing member of claim 10, wherein each of said plurality of spacers is comprised of a ribbed structure. 12. The battery pack housing member of claim 10, wherein each of said plurality of spacers is comprised of at least one surface bump. 13. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said sealant has a viscosity in the range of 100 cps to 2000 cps. 14. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said sealant is electrically insulating. 15. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said sealant is selected from the group consisting of 1-part epoxies, 2-part epoxies, UV-activated epoxies, silicon adhesives and urethane adhesives. 16. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein said battery pack housing is comprised of a material selected from the group of materials consisting of composites and polymers. 17. The battery pack housing member of claim 1, wherein each cell of said plurality of cells has an 18650 form-factor..

github_open_source_100_8_19885

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// // MIFirstViewController.m // 图形上下文 // // Created by 解炳灿 on 16/5/5. // Copyright © 2016年 解炳灿. All rights reserved. // #import "MIFirstViewController.h" @interface MIFirstViewController () @end @implementation MIFirstViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; UIImage *editImage = [self combineImage]; UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:editImage]; imageView.center = self.view.center; [self.view addSubview:imageView]; } - (UIImage *)customImage { CGSize size = CGSizeMake(256, 256); UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size); UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"samaritan"]; [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 256, 256)]; //添加水印 CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); CGContextMoveToPoint(context, 170, 240); CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, 240, 240); NSString *name = @"Samaritan"; [name drawInRect:CGRectMake(170, 240 - 20, 70, 20) withAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Marker Felt" size:15],NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]}]; [[UIColor redColor] setStroke]; CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 2); CGContextStrokePath(context); UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); // 保存图片 // NSData *data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(newImage); // [data writeToFile:@"somewhere" atomically:YES]; return newImage; } - (UIImage *)combineImage { CGSize size = CGSizeMake(374, 180); UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size); UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"基金超市"]; [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 374, 180)]; UIImage *icon = [UIImage imageNamed:@"FundSuperMarket_Icon"]; [icon drawInRect:CGRectMake(48 * 2, 34.5 * 2, 20 * 2, 21 * 2)]; NSString *name = @"基金超市"; [name drawInRect:CGRectMake(142, 34.5 * 2, 68 * 2, 21 * 2) withAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:34],NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor whiteColor]}]; UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); //保存图片 NSData *data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(newImage); [data writeToFile:@"/Users/Mask/Desktop/fundSupermarket.png" atomically:YES]; return newImage; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; } @end

github_open_source_100_8_19886

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// Includes #include "LightBulb/Learning/Evolution/BestReuseSelector.hpp" namespace LightBulb { void BestReuseSelector::selectForReuse(int reuseCount, const std::vector<std::pair<double, AbstractIndividual*>>& highscore) { for (int i = 0; i < reuseCount; i++) { addIndividualToReuse(*highscore[i].second); } } AbstractCloneable* BestReuseSelector::clone() const { return new BestReuseSelector(*this); } }

github_open_source_100_8_19887

Github OpenSource

Various open source

using JupiterCapstone.DTO; using JupiterCapstone.Models; using JupiterCapstone.Services.AuthorizationServices; using JupiterCapstone.Services.GoogleServices.IGoogleService; using JupiterCapstone.Services.IService; using JupiterCapstone.Static; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using static Google.Apis.Auth.GoogleJsonWebSignature; namespace JupiterCapstone.Controllers { [ApiController] public class AuthenticationController : ControllerBase { private readonly IIdentityService _identityService; private readonly UserManager<User> _userManager; private readonly RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleManager; private readonly IGoogleIdentity _googleIdentity; public AuthenticationController(IIdentityService identityService, UserManager<User> userManager, RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager, IGoogleIdentity googleIdentity) { _identityService = identityService; _userManager = userManager; _roleManager = roleManager; _googleIdentity = googleIdentity; } [HttpPost] [Route("/logIn")] public async Task<IActionResult> LoginAsync([FromBody] LogIn login) { var result = await _identityService.LoginAsync(login); return Ok(result); } [HttpPost] [Route("/refresh-token")] public async Task<IActionResult> Refresh([FromBody] TokenModel request) { var result = await _identityService.RefreshTokenAsync(request); return Ok(result); } //Remember to shorten the code to a service class [HttpPost] [Route("/register-user")] public async Task<IActionResult> RegisterAsync([FromBody] Register model) { var emailExists = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(model.Email); if (emailExists != null) return StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError, new Response { Status = "Error", Message = "User already exists!" }); User user = new User() { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email, PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<object>().HashPassword(null, model.Password), FirstName = model.FirstName, LastName = model.LastName }; var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password); if (!result.Succeeded) return StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError, new Response { Status = "Error", Message = "User creation failed! Please check user details and try again." }); return Ok(new Response { Status = "Success", Message = "User created successfully!" }); } [HttpPost] [Route("/register-admin")] public async Task<IActionResult> RegisterAdminAsync([FromBody] Register model) { var emailExists = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(model.Email); if (emailExists != null) return StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError, new Response { Status = "Error", Message = "User already exists!" }); User user = new User() { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email, PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<object>().HashPassword(null, model.Password), FirstName = model.FirstName, LastName = model.LastName, }; var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password); if (!result.Succeeded) return StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError, new Response { Status = "Error", Message = "User creation failed! Please check user details and try again." }); if (!await _roleManager.RoleExistsAsync(UserRoles.Admin)) await _roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(UserRoles.Admin)); if (!await _roleManager.RoleExistsAsync(UserRoles.User)) await _roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(UserRoles.User)); if (await _roleManager.RoleExistsAsync(UserRoles.Admin)) { await _userManager.AddToRoleAsync(user, UserRoles.Admin); } return Ok(new Response { Status = "Success", Message = "User created successfully!" }); } //Not tested yet... [HttpPost] [Route("/google-signIn")] [ProducesDefaultResponseType] public async Task<JsonResult> GoogleLogin(GoogleLoginRequest request) { _ = new Payload(); Payload payload; try { payload = await ValidateAsync(request.IdToken, new ValidationSettings { Audience = new[] { "806516260930-fav0u51tnpsfdrn6vamfb9gi9fidvilh.apps.googleusercontent.com" } }); // It is important to add your ClientId as an audience in order to make sure // that the token is for your application! } catch (Exception ex) { // Invalid token // return StatusCode(500, ex.Message); return new JsonResult(500, ex.Message); } var user = await _googleIdentity.GetOrCreateExternalLoginUser("google", payload.Subject, payload.Email, payload.GivenName, payload.FamilyName); var token = await _identityService.GenerateToken(user); return new JsonResult(token); } } }

github_open_source_100_8_19888

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// Copyright 2020 Google LLC // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package com.google.firebase.messaging; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Bundle; import android.text.TextUtils; import android.util.Base64; import android.util.Log; import androidx.annotation.AnyThread; import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting; import com.google.android.gms.cloudmessaging.Rpc; import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task; import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Tasks; import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp; import com.google.firebase.heartbeatinfo.HeartBeatInfo; import com.google.firebase.heartbeatinfo.HeartBeatInfo.HeartBeat; import com.google.firebase.inject.Provider; import com.google.firebase.installations.FirebaseInstallationsApi; import com.google.firebase.platforminfo.UserAgentPublisher; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; /** Rpc based on Google Play Service. */ class GmsRpc { static final String TAG = FirebaseMessaging.TAG; /** Normal response from GMS */ private static final String EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID = "registration_id"; /** Extra used to indicate that the application has been unregistered. */ private static final String EXTRA_UNREGISTERED = "unregistered"; /** Returned by GMS in case of error. */ private static final String EXTRA_ERROR = "error"; /** * The device cannot read the response, or there was a server error. Application should retry the * request later using exponential backoff and retry (on each subsequent failure increase delay * before retrying). */ static final String ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE = "SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE"; /** Another server error besides ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE that we retry on. */ static final String ERROR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR"; /** Heartbeat tag for firebase iid. */ static final String FIREBASE_IID_HEARTBEAT_TAG = "fire-iid"; /** * Some parts of our backends respond with the camelCase version of this error, so for safety we * check for both. */ // TODO(b/147609748): remove this when we stop returning PascalCase errors static final String ERROR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_ALT = "InternalServerError"; private static final String EXTRA_TOPIC = "gcm.topic"; private static final String TOPIC_PREFIX = "/topics/"; // LINT.IfChange /** InstanceId should be reset. Can be a duplicate, or deleted. */ static final String ERROR_INSTANCE_ID_RESET = "INSTANCE_ID_RESET"; // LINT.ThenChange(//depot/google3/firebase/instance_id/client/cpp/src/android/instance_id.cc) // --- List of parameters sent to the /register3 servlet /** Internal parameter used to indicate a 'subtype'. Will not be stored in DB for Nacho. */ private static final String EXTRA_SUBTYPE = "subtype"; /** Extra used to indicate which senders (Google API project IDs) can send messages to the app */ private static final String EXTRA_SENDER = "sender"; private static final String EXTRA_SCOPE = "scope"; /** Extra sent to http endpoint to indicate delete request */ private static final String EXTRA_DELETE = "delete"; /** Currently we only support the (gdpr) 'delete' operation */ private static final String EXTRA_IID_OPERATION = "iid-operation"; /** key id - sha of public key truncated to 8 bytes, with 0x9 prefix */ private static final String PARAM_INSTANCE_ID = "appid"; /** key id - user agent string published by firebase-common */ private static final String PARAM_USER_AGENT = "Firebase-Client"; /** key id - heartbeat code published by firebase-common */ private static final String PARAM_HEARTBEAT_CODE = "Firebase-Client-Log-Type"; /** Version of the client library. String like: "fcm-112233" */ private static final String PARAM_CLIENT_VER = "cliv"; /** gmp_app_id (application identifier in firebase). String */ private static final String PARAM_GMP_APP_ID = "gmp_app_id"; /** version of the gms package. Integer.toString() */ private static final String PARAM_GMS_VER = "gmsv"; /** android build version. Integer.toString() */ private static final String PARAM_OS_VER = "osv"; /** package version code. Integer.toString() */ private static final String PARAM_APP_VER_CODE = "app_ver"; /** package version name. Integer.toString() */ private static final String PARAM_APP_VER_NAME = "app_ver_name"; private static final String PARAM_FIS_AUTH_TOKEN = "Goog-Firebase-Installations-Auth"; /** hashed value of developer chosen (nick)name of Firebase Core SDK (a.k.a. FirebaseApp) */ private static final String PARAM_FIREBASE_APP_NAME_HASH = "firebase-app-name-hash"; // --- End of the params for /register3 /** * Value included in a GCM message from IID, indicating a full identity reset. This means a reset * of all subtypes (different IIDs requested by the same app). This is typically sent after an app * is restored. */ static final String CMD_RST_FULL = "RST_FULL"; /** Value included in a GCM message from IID, indicating an identity reset. */ static final String CMD_RST = "RST"; /** Value included in a GCM message from IID, indicating a token sync reset. */ static final String CMD_SYNC = "SYNC"; private static final String SCOPE_ALL = "*"; private final FirebaseApp app; private final Metadata metadata; private final Rpc rpc; private final Provider<UserAgentPublisher> userAgentPublisher; private final Provider<HeartBeatInfo> heartbeatInfo; private final FirebaseInstallationsApi firebaseInstallations; GmsRpc( FirebaseApp app, Metadata metadata, Provider<UserAgentPublisher> userAgentPublisher, Provider<HeartBeatInfo> heartbeatInfo, FirebaseInstallationsApi firebaseInstallations) { this( app, metadata, new Rpc(app.getApplicationContext()), userAgentPublisher, heartbeatInfo, firebaseInstallations); } @VisibleForTesting GmsRpc( FirebaseApp app, Metadata metadata, Rpc rpc, Provider<UserAgentPublisher> userAgentPublisher, Provider<HeartBeatInfo> heartbeatInfo, FirebaseInstallationsApi firebaseInstallations) { this.app = app; this.metadata = metadata; this.rpc = rpc; this.userAgentPublisher = userAgentPublisher; this.heartbeatInfo = heartbeatInfo; this.firebaseInstallations = firebaseInstallations; } Task<String> getToken() { Task<Bundle> rpcTask = startRpc(Metadata.getDefaultSenderId(app), SCOPE_ALL, /* extras= */ new Bundle()); return extractResponseWhenComplete(rpcTask); } Task<?> deleteToken() { Bundle extras = new Bundle(); // Server looks at both delete and X-delete so don't need to include both extras.putString(EXTRA_DELETE, "1"); Task<Bundle> rpcTask = startRpc(Metadata.getDefaultSenderId(app), SCOPE_ALL, extras); return extractResponseWhenComplete(rpcTask); } Task<?> subscribeToTopic(String cachedToken, String topic) { Bundle extras = new Bundle(); // registration servlet expects this for topics extras.putString(EXTRA_TOPIC, TOPIC_PREFIX + topic); // Sends the request to registration servlet and throws on failure. // We do not cache the topic subscription requests and simply make the // server request each time. String to = cachedToken; String scope = TOPIC_PREFIX + topic; Task<Bundle> rpcTask = startRpc(to, scope, extras); return extractResponseWhenComplete(rpcTask); } Task<?> unsubscribeFromTopic(String cachedToken, String topic) { Bundle extras = new Bundle(); // registration servlet expects this for topics extras.putString(EXTRA_TOPIC, TOPIC_PREFIX + topic); extras.putString(EXTRA_DELETE, "1"); String to = cachedToken; String scope = TOPIC_PREFIX + topic; Task<Bundle> rpcTask = startRpc(to, scope, extras); return extractResponseWhenComplete(rpcTask); } private Task<Bundle> startRpc(String to, String scope, Bundle extras) { try { setDefaultAttributesToBundle(to, scope, extras); } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) { return Tasks.forException(e); } return rpc.send(extras); } private static String base64UrlSafe(byte[] data) { return Base64.encodeToString(data, Base64.NO_PADDING | Base64.NO_WRAP | Base64.URL_SAFE); } private String getHashedFirebaseAppName() { String firebaseAppName = app.getName(); String hashAlgo = "SHA-1"; try { return base64UrlSafe(MessageDigest.getInstance(hashAlgo).digest(firebaseAppName.getBytes())); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { return "[HASH-ERROR]"; } } private void setDefaultAttributesToBundle(String to, String scope, Bundle extras) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { // Thrown by Tasks.await() on errors. extras.putString(EXTRA_SCOPE, scope); extras.putString(EXTRA_SENDER, to); // TODO(diorgini): old logic sets extra-subtype=to if subtype="". check if we can remove this extras.putString(EXTRA_SUBTYPE, to); // Populate metadata extras.putString(PARAM_GMP_APP_ID, app.getOptions().getApplicationId()); extras.putString(PARAM_GMS_VER, Integer.toString(metadata.getGmsVersionCode())); extras.putString(PARAM_OS_VER, Integer.toString(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT)); extras.putString(PARAM_APP_VER_CODE, metadata.getAppVersionCode()); extras.putString(PARAM_APP_VER_NAME, metadata.getAppVersionName()); extras.putString(PARAM_FIREBASE_APP_NAME_HASH, getHashedFirebaseAppName()); try { String fisAuthToken = Tasks.await(firebaseInstallations.getToken(false)).getToken(); if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(fisAuthToken)) { extras.putString(PARAM_FIS_AUTH_TOKEN, fisAuthToken); } else { Log.w(TAG, "FIS auth token is empty"); } } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get FIS auth token", e); } // Call this after getting the FIS auth token to ensure that the ID goes with the auth token // (b/178162926). extras.putString(PARAM_INSTANCE_ID, Tasks.await(firebaseInstallations.getId())); String version = BuildConfig.VERSION_NAME; extras.putString(PARAM_CLIENT_VER, "fcm-" + version); HeartBeatInfo heartbeatInfoObject = heartbeatInfo.get(); UserAgentPublisher userAgentPublisherObject = userAgentPublisher.get(); if (heartbeatInfoObject != null && userAgentPublisherObject != null) { HeartBeat heartbeat = heartbeatInfoObject.getHeartBeatCode(FIREBASE_IID_HEARTBEAT_TAG); if (heartbeat != HeartBeat.NONE) { extras.putString(PARAM_HEARTBEAT_CODE, Integer.toString(heartbeat.getCode())); extras.putString(PARAM_USER_AGENT, userAgentPublisherObject.getUserAgent()); } } } @AnyThread private String handleResponse(Bundle response) throws IOException { if (response == null) { // We didn't get a response at all throw new IOException(GmsRpc.ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE); } String token = response.getString(EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID); if (token != null) { return token; } // Successful DeleteToken requests return the app's package name (gets ignored by the caller) String unregisteredPackage = response.getString(EXTRA_UNREGISTERED); if (unregisteredPackage != null) { return unregisteredPackage; } String error = response.getString(EXTRA_ERROR); if (CMD_RST.equals(error)) { // Magic value that indicates the InstanceId used is invalid (perhaps a duplicate, or // wiped out due to GDPR) and client should generate a new one. throw new IOException(ERROR_INSTANCE_ID_RESET); } else if (error != null) { throw new IOException(error); } // We didn't get a valid response Log.w(TAG, "Unexpected response: " + response, new Throwable()); throw new IOException(GmsRpc.ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE); } private Task<String> extractResponseWhenComplete(Task<Bundle> rpcTask) { // direct executor is safe and more efficient here as handle response is always quick return rpcTask.continueWith( Runnable::run, task -> handleResponse(task.getResult(IOException.class))); } static boolean isErrorMessageForRetryableError(String errorMessage) { return ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE.equals(errorMessage) || ERROR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.equals(errorMessage) || ERROR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_ALT.equals(errorMessage); } }

github_open_source_100_8_19889

Github OpenSource

Various open source

FROM Etudiantdeclasse WHERE etudiantMatricule =&matricule; alter table etudiant add password varchar(50); update etudiant set password = ora_hash(matricule) where matricule = valeur; alter table enseignants add password varchar(50); update enseignants set password = ora_hash(matricule) where matricule = valeur;

github_open_source_100_8_19890

Github OpenSource

Various open source

require('./proof')(2, prove) function prove (async, okay) { var scram = require('../../scram'), entry = { scram: function (callback) { okay('called') callback() } } scram(entry, function (callback) { callback(new Error('abend')) }, function (error) { okay(error.message, 'abend', 'error thrown') }) }

12430133_1

Caselaw_Access_Project

Public Domain

C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied..

elvenecianosebas01medirich_32

Spanish-PD-Books

Public Domain

ítem, que á la gente que en las islas é tierras que descubriéredes hallardes no se les haga fuerza, ni robo, ni muerte, ni otro daño, ni agravio, ni desaguisado alguno, salvo que sean de paz, por vía de contratación é buenas obras, porque mi voluntad es que sean de paz é que no se les haga ninguna cosa injusta ni dé mal tratamiento, so pena de perdimiento de todos vuestros bienes é de los otros que fueren en la •dicha armada y las personas á nuestra merced, con protestación que hacemos que imandaremos executar las dichas penas en vuestra persona é bienes sin remisión alguna, lo contrario haciendo, porque soy informado de lo pasado que por no guar- dar los mandamientos del Rey ó Reina, mis señores abuelos, se han hecho muchos males en la gente de aquellas partes, de que Nuestro Señor ha sido muy deservido é nuestros reinos han recebido grand daño en el provecho que hobiera venido en la contratación. ítem, que no podáis hacer cabalgada ni cosa de guerra contra los indios é gente que en las tierras é islas donde os acaesciere halláredes, antes seáis obligado á los tratar bien, guardando la instrución é instruciones que lleváis, porque somos infor- mado que, así para su conversión á nuestra santa fee católica como para la contra- tación, es mucho más provecho hacellos de paz é amigos é con amigable conversa- ción tratallos é dándoles dádivas, que no haciéndolos de guerra; pero si conviniere para vuestra defensión ó por otra cabsa justa hacer en ellos alguna cosa de hecho, ha de ser precediendo y habiendo hecho primero las diligencias que en la dicha instrución se vos mandare, la cual se guardará, así en la mar como en la tierra; las cuales dichas diligencias se han de hacer por la orden que van escritas, con licencia é mandado de vos el dicho Sebastián Caboto, porque de vos lo confiamos y vos encargamos la conciencia sobrello, para que Nuestro Señor os lo demande á vos y á los que con vos fueren, lo contrario haciendo, la cual dicha orden vos mandamos dar en escripto, expresando las cabsas que á ello vos mueven é irá firmada de Fran- cisco de los Cobos, nuestro secretario y del nuestro Consejo, etc. ítem, es nuestra merced é voluntad que todo lo que en este viaje traxeren las dichas naos, ni de parte dello, ni de lo que de acá llevaren cargado para la contra- tación de las dichas islas é tierra, no se nos pague otro derecho alguno más del dicho quinto, alcabala ni almoxarifazgo de entrada ni salida, ni otros derechos al- gunos en la dicha cibdad de Sevilla, ni en Cádiz, ni otras partes destos reinos, salvo DOCUMENTOS 425 ; que todo sea libre de los dichos derechos, segund é de la forma é manera que por Nos está concedida á las nuestras Indias y declarado por nuestros Oficiales. Otrosí: por hacer merced á vos el dicho Sebastián Caboto, habiendo respecto á vuestros servicios y á la habilidad y suficiencia de vuestra persona y á lo que en esta dicha jornada vos ofrecéis á servir y hacer, por la presente vos nombro por nuestro capitán de la dicha armada con cient mili maravedís de salario en cada un año, contando desde el día que, con la bendición de Nuestro Señor, vos hicierdes á la vela para seguir vuestro viaje hasta que con su ayuda volváis á estos reinos, y más doscientos ducados de oro por lo que habéis de trabajar é ocuparos en despa- char la dicha armada, lo cual todo vos sea pagado á costa della de todo el montón, como las otras costas, allende del salario que de Nos tenéis asentado en nuestra Casa de la Contratación de las Indias; é mandamos á los nuestros capitanes, maestres é contramaestres, pilotos é marineros é la otra gente que en la dicha armada fuere, que por tal nuestro capitán della vos tengan y acaten y obedezcan y cumplan y executen vuestros mandamientos, so pena de la nuestra merced é de perdimiento de todos sus bienes para nuestra Cámara é Fisco. Otrosí: que Nos habremos por bueno el concierto, salario é partidos que por los dichos nuestros Oficiales de Sevilla é vos é los dichos armadores juntamente se hi- cieren á los capitanes y oficiales é gente que en la dicha armada fuere, así de mar como de tierra, y que habemos por bien que se pague de lo que nos perteneciere é cupiere por rata de lo que hobiéremos metido en el armazón, segund é cómo voso- tros lo concertáredes é asentardes é pareciere por el libro de la persona que tuviere cargo de gastar todos los maravedís de la dicha armazón, con tanto que todo lo susodicho se haga é guarde presentes los dichos Oficiales de Sevilla ó uno dellos cual ellos nombraren, como dicho es. Otrosí: que, venido, placiendo á Dios, del dicho viaje, podáis hacer é hagáis vuestra derecha descarga en la cibdad de Sevilla ó adonde mejor vos pareciere que conviene para la seguridad de vuestro surgir y segund el tiempo vos sirviere. E por la presente, firmada de mi nombre, prometo é doy mi palabra real que después de haberse comenzado á gastar é á hacer proveer lo que conviene para la dicha armada, no lo impediremos por ninguna ni alguna manera, ni vía que sea, di- reta ni indireta, y aquello mandaremos guardar y cumplir en todo é por todo, como en esta escritura se contiene. Otrosí: que porque de todo haya buena cuenta é razón de nuestra hacienda y en todo el recabdo que conviene, que Nos hayamos de nombrar é nombremos los oficiales que han de ir en la dicha armada, que tengan cuenta é razón della é de todo lo que en ella se rescatase é hobiere, é usen de sus oficios conforme á las instruciones nuestras que cada uno llevare é no de otra manera, é que vos é los dichos armado- res, si quisierdes, podáis nombrar é nombréis á vuestra costa tres personas ó menos, las que quisierdes, que tengan cuenta y razón de todo. Y porque tenemos confianza de vos que con toda posibilidad é saber, sirviendo en este viaje, como de vos confiamos, é guardando las instruciones é mandamientos que para ello mandamos dar á vos y á los otros nuestros oficiales de la dicha arma- da, vos mandaré favorecer y hacer las mercedes y gratificaciones que vuestros ser- ■ vicios merecieren. ítem, seréis obligado á guardar esta capitulación ó otra cualquier instrución ó mandamiento que por Nos ó por los del nuestro Consejo de las Indias vos fuere 426 SEBASTIÁN CABOTO dado, así á vos como á cualesquier oficiales de la dicha armada, el cual guardaréis tan entera y cumplidamente como en las dichas instrucioncs y mandamientos se contuvieren, sin en ello poner ninguna contradición ni embarazo alguno, so la pena susodicha é de perdimiento de todos vuestros bienes é los que Uevardes é tuvierdes en la dicha armazón para la nuestra Cámara é Fisco, en los cuales desde agora vos condenamos, lo contrario haciendo, porque es nuestra merced é voluntad y queremos que así se guarde é cumpla tan entera y cumplidamente como en ella se contiene. Lo cual vos prometo é doy mi palabra real, que guardando é cumpliendo vos lo susodicho, como de suso se contiene y sois obligado, que yo vos mandaré guar- dar é cumplir esta capitulación é asiento segund y cómo en ella se contiene, sin falta alguna; é dello vos mandamos dar la presente, firmada de mi nombre y refrendada de mi infrascrito secretario. — Fecha en la villa de Madrid, á cuatro días del mes de Marzo de mili é quinientos é veinte é cinco años. — Yo EL Rey. — Refrendada del secretario Cobos. Señalada del Obispo de Osma y doctor Carvajal y del Obispo de Canaria y del doctor Beltrán y doctor Maldonado. Es copia conforme con su original, que existe en este Archivo General de Indias, test. 1^2, caj. /.*', lib. i.^ — Sevilla, 28 de Enero, 18^1. — El archivero jefe. — Carlos Ji- ménez Placer. — (Hay un sello que dice: «Archivo General de Indias»). 111.' — Real cédula á los Oficiales de la Casa de la Contratación para que sin excusa ni dilación alguna entregasen á Caboto cuatro mil ducados. — 20 de Septiembre de 1525. El Rey. — Nuestros Oficiales que residís en la cibdad de Sevilla en la Casa de la Contratación de las Indias. Ya sabéis cómo por una mi cédula os envié á mandar que de los cinco mili ducados que habíades de dar á Cristóbal de Haro y á Diego Díaz en su nombre, diésedes cuatro mili ducados de oro dellos á Sebastián Caboto, ¡nuestro capitán é piloto mayor, el cual os requirió con !a dicha cédula, y segund ha ¡parecido por testimonio signado de escribano público, respondistes que no los po- •díades dar, por cuanto los dichos cinco mili ducados habían seído tomados á cambio ipara los dar al dicho Diego Díaz, y que corría interese á Nos, y vosotros estábades ■obligados á pagar á las personas que dieron el dicho dinero á cambio los dichos 'Cinco mili ducados, y por esto y por otras cosas contenidas en vuestra respuesta no ipodíades dar los dichos cuatro mili ducados al dicho Sebastián Caboto: y todo visto ■en el mi Consejo de las Indias fué acordado que debíamos mandar dar esta nuestra carta en la dicha razón é yo tóvelo por bien; por ende, yo vos mando que, sin em- ¡bargo de la dicha vuestra respuesta é sin poner en ello otra excusa hí dilación alguna, deis é paguéis luego al dicho Sebastián Caboto é Diputados de la armada •de que él va por capitán general los dichos cuatro mili ducados de los dichos cinco 'mili que yo os mandé que diésedes al dicho Cristóbal de Haro y al dicho Diego iDíaz en su nombre, y no curéis de pagar ni paguéis á las personas que decís que 'dieron los cinco mili ducados á cambio y vosotros os obligastes á se los dar y pagar, ¡por cuanto yo estoy certificado que ellos no los dieron realmente al dicho Diego JDíaz y que se hicieron los dichos cambios por tener más seguridad que del primero oro que viniese á esa Casa se pagarían los dichos cinco mili ducados, y dad y pagad al dicho Diego Díaz los mili ducados restantes, á cumplimiento de los dichos cinco mili ducados, y haciendo y cumpliendo vosotros lo susodicho, os relievo de cual- DOCUMENTOS 4:27 quier cargo é culpa que por ello se os pueda imputar; y pues veis cuanto importa á nuestro servicio el breve despacho de la dicha armada yo vos mando y encargo mucho que con toda brevedad cumpláis los dichos cuatro mili ducados, de manera que el dicho Sebastián Caboto, por la dilación de la paga, no pueda tener ni tenga excusa en el despacho de la dicha armada, porque de lo contrario me ternía por desservido c sería forzado proveer con más rigor; é non fagades ende al. Por virtud de la cual dicha cédula de Su Majestad suso incorporada se pasaron en dacta al dicho señor Pero Suárez de Castilla, tesorero, los cuatro mili ducados de oro en la dicha cédula de Su Majestad contenidos, en trece días del dicho mes de Octubre del dicho año de mili y quinientos é veinte cinco, los cuales dichos cuatro mili ducados ha de dar y pagar el dicho tesorero conforme á la dicha cédula de Su Majestad, la cual ha de tomar en su poder con carta de pago para su des- cargo.— (Hay una rúbrica). (Archivo de hidias, 39-2-2/9.) IV. — Memorial y requerimiento de Gregorio Caro y Francisco de Rojas para que se les permitiese llevar en la armada las quintaladas que se les había ofrecido. — Octubre de 1525. Otrosí decimos é requirimos á los dichos señores diputados que presentes es- tán, que se junten con el dicho señor capitán general Sebastián Caboto á hacer lo que arriba tenemos dicho, pues es servicio de Su Majestad, y que se nos dé de lo sobre dicho y así lo pedimos por testimonio al presente escribano é á los presentes que dello sean testigos. — Francisco de Rojas. — Gregorio Caro. El cual dicho requerimiento ansimesmo fué presentado, estando presente el dicho capitán Sebastián Caboto, el cual dijo en respuesta del dicho requerimiento quel está presto y aparejado de se juntar con los dichos señores Diputados á enten- der en lo susodicho. E luego, siendo el dicho requerimiento leído á los sobredichos Francisco de Santa Cruz é Francisco Leardo é Silvestre de Briñe, dixeron que pedían treslado. E después desto, en este dicho día, estando en la Casa de la Contratación de esta cibdad, en presencia de mí, el dicho escribano público, é testigos yuso escritos é estando presente el dicho Domingo de Ochandiano é asimesmo los dichos Fran- cisco de Rojas é Gregorio Caro, dixeron que pedían é pidieron á mí, el dicho escri- bano público, que leyese el dicho requerimiento sobre dicho al dicho Domingo de Ochandiano é así leído, se los diese por testimonio, el cual dicho requerimiento fué leído al dicho Domingo de Ochandiano, el cual dixo que pedía traslado. E después de lo susodicho, en lunes diez é seis días del dicho mes de Otubre é del dicho año de mili é quinientos é veinte é cinco años, los dichos Domingo de Ochandiano é Francisco de Santa Cruz é Francisco Leardo é Silvestre de Briñe presentaron un escrito de respuesta al dicho requerimiento sobredicho, su tenor del cual es este que se sigue: Lo que nos, Domingo de Ochandiano é Francisco de Santa Cruz é Francisco Leardo é Silvestre de Briñe respondemos al requerimiento á nosotros fecho por los señores Francisco de Rojas é Gregorio Caro, capitanes de las naos del armada que se hacen en esta cibdad de Sevilla para el descubrimiento é rescates de la Especería, 430 SEBASTIÁN CABOTO en que dicen que nos juntemos con el señor Sebastián Caboto, capitán general de la dicha armada, para les señalar el salario que han de haber é acrescentarles más de cuarenta quintales que dicen que les damos, por ciertas cabsas é razones que para ello hay, segund que más largamente en el dicho requerimiento se contiene, el cual habido aquí por repetido, decimos ques verdad que sobre los quintales que se han de dar á los dichos señores capitanes hobimos hablado con ellos é asimismo con las personas que habían de llevar consigo en la dicha armada por sobresalientes, é que estando en la dicha plática les paresció que era bien que diesen parte de aquello á los otros armadores que fornescen en la dicha armada, é así lo fecimos, á los cuales paresció que no se debía dar ningund asiento con ellos sin que prime- ramente hiciésemos dello relación á Su Majestad, lo cual queremos hacer para que nos mándelo que en este caso debemos hacer é cumpla á su servicio, pues que por la parte que en la dicha armada ha mandado fornescer le va interese en ello; y esto decimos que damos por respuesta, y si testimonio quisieren, pedimos á vos, el pre- sente escribano, que 'no lo deis sin ello. — Domingo de Ochandiano. — Francisco de Santa Cruz. — Francisco Leardo. — Silvestre de Brine. — Testigos que fueron pre- sentes á todo lo que dicho es, Francisco de Amienta é Diego de Baeza, escribanos de Sevilla. A lo cual todo lo que dicho es, de pedimiento de los dichos Francisco de Rojas é Gregorio Caro, di el presente testimonio, según que dicho es, los cuales dixeron que lo pedían é pidieron por testimonio para guarda é conservación de su derecho. — ■ Testigos los sobredichos. — E yo, Benito de Madrid, escribano público de Sevilla, fice sacar é fiz aquí mi signo. — (Hay un signo). —Soy testigo. — (Hay una rúbrica). (Archivo de Indias, 148-4- lo). V, — «Fee é testimonio del asiento que se hizo por parte de Su Majestad con la gente que fué en el armada al descubrimiento de Tarsis y Ofir con el Catayo Oriental». — 1526. Yo, Johán de Eguívar, escribano de Sus Cesáreas Católicas Majestades, é su notario público en la su Corte é en todos los sus reinos é señoríos é oficial de los libros de la Casa de la Contratación de las Indias, que es en esta muy noble é muy leal cibdad de Sevilla por el muy noble señor Juan López de Recalde, contador della por Su Majestad, fago saber y doy fee á todos los .señores que la presente vie- ren que en las relaciones donde están escriptos é asentados los maravedís que se pagaron en cuenta de su sueldo á la gente que fué en el armada de que fué por ca- pitán general Sebastián Caboto para el descubrimiento de las islas de Tarsis é Ofir y Cipango y el Catayo Oriental, están escriptas las partidas siguientes: Hay una nota al margen que dice lo siguiente: «En la nao capitana nombrada Santa María de la Concepción, de la cual era maestre Antón de Grajeda. En cuatro de' Enero de lUDXXVI años». Niculao de Ñapóles, contramaestre, natural de la cibdad de Ñapóles, hijo de Otavián é Beatriz, vecinos de Ñapóles: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de dos mili é doscientos é cincuenta maravedís por mes. Pagósele por el sueldo cuatro meses ade- lantados nueve mili maravedís, el cual dicho sueldo comienza á ganar desde, etc. DOCUMENTOS " 43 1 Juan de Cazagurri, griego, natural de Corón, carpintero, hijo de Juan de Caza- gurri é Paracherguy, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á dos mili maravedís por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados ocho mili maravedís, etc. Pero Díaz Gallego, herrero, natural de la cibdad de la Coruña, hijo de Juan de Peón, vecino de la Coruña: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cuatro ducados cada mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de seis meses adelantados nueve mili maravedís, y obli- gó de llevar toda su herramienta de su oficio é fuelles, é lo que más conviniere á su oficio é á cargar tres quintales de quintalada é una caxa franca. Marcos, lombardero, condestable de la dicha nao, natural de Venecia, hijo de Niculao de Venecia é Margarita, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cinco ducados por mes. Monta el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados veinte ducados. Francisco de Saboya, lombardero, natural de Monte Ginebla, que es en Sabo- ya, hijo de Juan de Saboya é Juana, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cuatro ducados por mes. Diéronsele por sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados diez é seis ducados. Enrique de Ramua, lombardero, natural de Remua, hijo de As Miguel é Cata- lina, su mujer, vecinos de Ramua: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cuatro ducados por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados seis mili mara- vedís. Marín Corzo, natural de Lantívar, en la isla de Córcega, hijo de Jorge Corzo é Ana, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cuatro ducados por mes. Pagáron- sele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados seis mili maravedís. Todos estos cuatro lombarderos se fiaron unos á otros. Juan María Veneciano, vecino de Venecia, hijo de Sacaru de Agorgo é María, marido de Isabeta, hija de Santorín: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos ma- ravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por su sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados cuatro mili ochocientos. Niculao de Venencia, vecino de Venencia, hijo de P'errado Orfina y María de Corneto, marido de Angela: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de mili é doscientos ma- ravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados cuatro mili é ochocientos. Al margen hay una nota que dice lo siguiente: «Ojo, aquí Juan Destopiñán, marinero». Juan Destopiñán, marinero, hijo de Martín Destopiñán é de Beatriz de Porras, vecinos de Cáliz: ha de haber de sueldo á lUCC por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados IIIIUDCCC. Fernando de Ribera, marinero, natural de Moguer, hijo de Alonso Camacho é Beatriz Hernández, vecinos de Moguer: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados IIIIUDCCC. Richar Cochy, inglés, marinero, hijo de Juan Corzo é Juana Corche, vecinos de Brante, que es en la provincia Esses, en Inglaterra: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos por mes. Tomás, inglés, marinero, hijo de Ximón Estorman é Anes Estorman, vecinos de Xarenco, ques en la provincia de Norofox: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é dos- cientos por mes. Alonso de Valdevieso, grumete, hijo de Pero Sánchez de Cazado é Ana Rodrí- 432 SEBASTIAN CABOTO guez, vecinos de Ceceda: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados, tres mili é doscientos. Cristóbal, inglés, grumete, hijo de Reynaldo Barruze (sic) é Mahude, vecmos de Useter, que es en la provincia de Useter: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados tres mili é doscientos. Cristóbal de Jaén, grumete é cocinero, hijo de Rodrigo de Alcalá é María Alonso, vecinos de Alcabdete: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos por mes. Pagá- ronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados, IIIUCC. Diego de Peñafiel, paje, hijo de Diego de Peñafiel é Elvira de Reinoso, vecinos de Valladolid: ha de haber de sueldo á quinientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados dos mili maravedís. Hay una nota al margen que dice lo siguiente: «Sobresallientes. En VII de Enero de lUDXXVI años». Francisco César, hijo de Juan López de Córdoba é doña Marina de Vilodes, vecinos de Granada: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é quinientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses seis mili maravedís. Al margen hay una nota que dice lo siguiente: «Ojo, aquí Pedro de Morales». Alonso de Bustamante, hijo de Alonso de Bustamante é doña María de Zeba- llos, vecinos de la Costana, ques en la Montaña: ha de haber de sueldo á mili mara- vedís por mes. Rescibió el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados. Pedro de Mesa, cirujano, vecino de Sevilla, fijo de Benito Gutiérrez é de Ana de Mesa: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de cuatro ducados por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses UIV. — (Este párrafo está tachado en el original). Hay una nota al margen que dice lo siguiente: «Lo que se pagó á la gente de la nao portoguesa en V de Febrero de DXXVI años, nombrada «Santa María del Espino». Francisco de Barrios, vecino de Bayona de Galicia, maestre de la dicha nao, hijo de Alvaro Alfonso é Inés de Barrios, vecinos de la Torre de Aguilar, ques en tierra de Bayona^ que al presente son vivos: ha de haber de sueldo á razón de tres mili maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados XIIU. En veinte de Febrero de mili é quinientos é veinte é seis años, se rescibió por calafate desta nao Martín de Sigura, calafate, natural de Sigura, que es en Guipúz- cua, hijo de Juan de Sigura é Sancha de Sigura: ha de haber de sueldo á cinco ducados por mes. E rescibió en cuenta de su sueldo diez é, seis ducados, en el cam- bio de Pedro Espinosa. ^.^ -'..;. .;l;v. Bartolomé Morillo, tonelero, hijo de Antón Gómez é Ana Rodríguez Lamarilla, vecinos de Sevilla, en la Carretería, marido de Juana Rodríguez: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é quinientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados seis mili maravedís. Lucas Corbe, lombardero condestable de la dicha nao, vecino de Penize, hijo de Guilón Corbe é Guliermina Calman: ha de haber de sueldo á cinco ducados por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados veinte ducados, Pedro de Ramua, lombardero, hijo de Pero Jácome é Catalina, vecinos de Me DOCUMENTOS 433 dioemburque: ha de haber de sueldo á cuatro ducados por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses, diez é seis ducados. Juan de Torre, marinero, fijo de Juan de la Torre é María de Sanabria, vecinos de Cervigón, que es en tierra de Castro d^ Hordiales, marido de Juana del Campo: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el suel- do de cuatro meses adelantados cuatro mili é ochocientos. Pedro Hogazón, vecino de Villa Santa, hijo de Pedro Hogazón é María Fer- nández, vecinos de Villa Santa: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos marave- dís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses delantados, IIIIUDCCC. Rodrigo Bueno, vecino de lUanes, fijo de Rodrigo Bueno é María Fernández, vecinos de luanes: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados, IIIIUDCCC. Ortufto de Aguirre, natural de Zamudio, fijo de Ortuño de Aguirre é María de Morón: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados, IIIIUDCCC. Enrique Patimer, piloto, natural de Colcherre, que es en el reino de Ingalaterra, fijo de Juan de Patimer é de Malgarita, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes como marinero, é con condición que si á la ida é á la venida diere cuenta de piloto suficiente, le sea pagado el sueldo é quintaladas de piloto, como se pagó al piloto de la nao «Trenidad», Rodrigo, por el sueldo de cua- tro meses adelantados, cuatro mili é ochocientos. Ortuño de Arana, grumete, hijo de Ortuño de Arana é Teresa, vecinos de Angete: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados, tres mili é doscientos. Hay una nota entre renglones que dice lo siguiente: «En VII de P^ebrero de lUDXXVI años». Antonio Ponce, marinero desta dicha nao, fijo de Carlos Ponce é Aldonsa Pon- ce, vecinos de Barcelona: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados cuatro mili é ochocientos maravedís, de que ha de haber á mili maravedís por mes, é rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses cuatro mili maravedís, é los otros ochocientos se le dieron en cuen- ta de su sueldo. Al margen hay una nota que dice lo siguiente: Lo que se pagó á la gente de la nao nombrada la «Trinidad», de la cual fué por maestre Baptista de Negrón, en V de Febrero de lUDXXVI años, por los dichos Francisco de Santa Cruz é Francisco Lcardo, diputados, en presencia del dicho Pero Suárez de Castilla. Bautista de Negrón, maestre de la nao, vecino de la cibdad de Genova, marido de Lucía; ha de haber de sueldo á tres mili maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados doce mili maravedís. Rescibió más el dicho Bautista, maestre, por el sueldo de otros dos meses, seis mili maravedís; va pagado por seis meses. Juan Batista Ginovés, despensero, vecino de Genova, hijo de Batista de Ferza é Catalina, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses, IIIIUDCCC. Richarte de Fraudes, vecino de Santlúcar de Barrameda, marido de Juana Martínez, que ha de servir por carpintero é artillero: ha de haber de sueldo á seis 434 SEBASTIÁN CABOTO ducados por mes. Rescibió del sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados nueve mili ma- ravedís, é ha de haber las quintaladas é caxas como los condestables. Giralte de Nostradama, lombardero, fijo de Bartenguer Tuda, vecinos de Nos- tradama, marido de Ana: ha de haber de sueldo á cuatro ducados por mes. Pagá- ronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados seis mili maravedís. Doménico de Miqueli, veneciano, calafate, hijo de Miquela é Juana, vecinos de Venecia; ha de haber de sueldo por calafate á cinco ducados por mes é cuatro quin- tales é una caxa. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de seis meses adelantados treinta é tres ducados. Agustín del Pozo, marinero, natural de Estarla, hijo de Lucas del Pozo é María, su mujer; hd de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronse- le por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados cuatro mili é ochocientos. Estefano de Lezna, marinero, natural de Lezna, ques en la señoría de Venecia, fijo de Micael Comaricho é doña Bona, su mujer: ha de haber de sueldo á mili é doscientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelan- tados cuatro mili ochocientos. Pedro Gallego, grumete, fijo de Diego Ximénez é Leonor Alonso, vecinos del Ferrol: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos maravedís por mes. Pagáronsele por el sueldo de cuatro meses, tres mili é doscientos. Juan de San Remón, grumete, hijo de Jácome é Perón, vecinos de San Remo: ha de haber de sueldo ochocientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió tres mili é doscien- tos maravedís. Antón Corzo, grumete, fijo de Juan Corzo é Brígida, vecinos de Calmen: ha de haber de sueldo ochocientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió tres mili é doscientos. Juan Ginovés, grumete, fijo de Pedro Garnín é Niculosina, vecinos de Arenan, ques en la ribera de Genova: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió tres mili é doscientos. Hay una nota entre renglones que dice lo siguiente: «Criado del capitán Rojas». Francisco de Salazar, hijo de Salazar é María de Salazar, vecinos de Peñafiel: ha de haber de sueldo á ochocientos maravedís por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses, tres mili é doscientos. Al margen hay una nota que dice lo siguiente: «En XIIII de Enero de DXXVI». Cristóbal Capilla, maestre, vecino de Cáliz, hijo de Alonso de Capilla é Cata- Una Fernández, vecinos de Cáliz; ha de haber de sueldo á seis ducados por mes. Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses adelantados veinticuatro ducados. Juan de Orozco, paje de la carabela, natural de Orozco, hijo de Juan de Orozco é Catalina López, su mujer; ha de haber de sueldo á quinientos maravedís por mes, Rescibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses, dos mili maravedís. En testimonio de lo cual, de pedimiento de Antonio Ponce é por mandado de os señores Jueces Oficiales de Su Majestad que residen en la dicha Casa, di la pre- sente, firmada de mi nombre, que es fecha dentro en la misma Casa de la Con- tratación, á tíoce días del mes de Agosto de mili é quinientos é treinta años, — Juan de Eguivar, escribano de Sus Majestades. — (Hay una rúbrica). Yo, Juan de Eguívar, escribano de Sus Cesáreas Católicas Majestades é su DOCUMENTOS 43 5 notario público en la su Corte é en todos los sus reinos é señoríos y oficial de los libros de la Casa de la Contratación de las Indias, que es en esta muy noble é muy leal cibdad de Sevilla, por el muy noble señor Juan López de Recalde, contador della por Sus Majestades, fago saber y doy fee á todos los señores que la presente vieren que en las Relaciones donde están escriptos é asentados los maravedís que se pagaron en mi presencia á la gente que fué en el armada de que fué por capitán general Sebas- tián Caboto para ir á descubrir las islas de Tarsis y Ofir y Cipango y el Catayo Oriental, el año pasado de mili é quinientos é veinte é seis, por Francisco de Santa Cruz é Francisco Leardo, diputados de mercaduría, y Domingo de Ochandiano, contador que fué de la dicha Casa, estando presente Pero Suárez de Castilla, teso- rero de la dicha Contratación, en la casa del dicho Pero Suárez, á lo cual yo, por mandado del dicho contador Domingo de Ochandiano é de los dichos diputados, fui presente á ver pagar los maravedís que así daban á cada uno, y por su mandado yo escrebí é asenté los maravedís que cada uno había de haber cada mes de sueldo y lo que en cuenta de ello se les pagaba adelantado, están las partidas siguientes: Pedro de Morales, hijo de Hernando de Morales é Juana de Salazar, vecinos de Portugalete, ha de haber de sueldo á lU por mes. Recibió por el sueldo de cuatro meses IIIIU. (Archivo de Indias, 46-6-1/5 1). VI. ^-Instrucción postrera dada á Sebastián Caboto antes de partir con su armada al descubrimiento que se le había confiado. — 24 de Marzo de 1526. El Rey. — Lo que demás de lo contenido en la instrucción é instrucciones que yo he mandado dar á vos, Sebastián Caboto, nuestro capitán general de la armada que mandamos ir al descubrimiento de las islas de Tarsis y Ofir, Cipango y el Ca- tayo Oriental, y nuestros capitanes, tesoreros y contadores della, mando é quiero que se guarde é cumpla para el buen aviamiento y despacho de la dicha armada y buena gobernación della, es lo siguiente: Instrucción postrera. — Primeramente, como sabéis, por la dicha instrucción que mandamos dar á vos, el dicho Sebastián Caboto, se vos manda la orden que habéis de tener en el tomar de la derrota de vuestro viaje y las señales que han de hacer los navios que se apartasen de vuestra conserva y compañía, para que después se juntasen todos en las dichas islas, lo cual hasta agora no habéis hecho, y porque mi voluntad es que lo contenido en la dicha instrucción se cumpla, yo vos mando que fuego que ésta vos fuese mostrada, sin poner en ello excusa ni dilación alguna, deis y señaléis las señales que los dichos navios han de hacer en las tierras é partes donde llegaren, apartándose de vuestra conserva y compañía, conforme á la dicha instrucción; y la derrota que habéis de tomar para seguir vuestro viaje la deis en las islas de Canaria, después de ser embarcados vos y toda la otra gente de la dicha armada y estando para os hacer á la vela: lo cual así cumplid, so pena de perdimiento de todos vuestros bienes para la nuestra cámara é fisco y la persona á nuestra merced. Asimismo, como sabéis, se os han dado tres cédulas nuestras, todas de un te- nor, para que en cada navio de los de la dicha armada fuese una sobre la manera que se ha de tener en la elección de vuestro oficio de capitán general y de vos los dichos 436 SEBASTIÁN CABOTO capitanes y oficiales, si acaso, lo que Dios no quiera, muriésedes en el viaje, y soy informado que hasta agora no lo habéis hecho; por ende, yo vos mando que luego pongáis en cada uno de los dichos navios una de las dichas cédulas y se haga lo que sobresto está mandado. Otrosí, como sabéis, en la dicha armada van algunas personas con algunos car- gos é cosas proveídos por Nos ó por el dicho Sebastián Caboto é Diputados de la dicha armada; por ende, yo vos mando que, no habiendo justa é notoria cabsa para ello, no quitéis ni remováis á ninguna de las tales personas de los cargos é cosas que llevan encomendados por Nos ó por vos é los Diputados de la dicha armada, antes los favoreced é ayudad para que den buena cuenta de lo que llevan á su cargo y sirvan como son obligados. Asimismo, porque soy informado que de ir dos ó tres hermanos en un navio se podría seguir inconveniente, vos mando que no consintáis ni deis lugar que en ninguno de los dichos navios vayan dos ni tres hermanos, sino repartidos por los dichos navios. Y porque soy informado que vos, los dichos tesoreros y contadores y otros oficiales de la dicha armada, excediendo de lo que por Nos está mandado y se con- tiene en las instrucciones que para el uso de vuestros oficios vos mandamos dar, os habéis entrometido y entrometéis en mandar y hacer cosas que no las podéis ni debéis hacer, ni tocan á vuestros oficios, lo cual es y seria contra lo que jurastes y contra el tenor de vuestras provisiones, de que se han seguido y siguen algunas di- ferencias y enojos entre vos y los dichos capitanes y otras personas de la dicha armada, y porque desto yo recibo deservicio y la dicha armada mucho daño, y mi voluntad es de mandar proveer sobre esto; por ende, yo vos mando que en todo vos obedezcáis al dicho Capitán general y capitanes de las dichas naos y cumpláis sus mandamientos, sin que en ello haya falta alguna; y no vos entremetáis en más de lo que toca á vuestros oficios, conforme á las dichas vuestras instrucciones y en guar- dar la hacienda y tener bnena cuenta de ella, por manera que sobre esto no haya diferencia y cada uno use de su oficio, sin entrometerse en lo que toca á lo de los otros, porque de lo contrario me ternía por deservido. Y por cuanto en la dicha instrucción que mandamos dar á vos, el dicho Sebas- tián Caboto, hay un capítulo que habla cerca de los cuadrilleros que han de repartir las presas y cabalgadas que se hicieren con la dicha armada y no declara quien han de ser los dichos cuadrilleros y sobre ella podría haber diferencia, por excusar ésta, mandamos que vos, los dichos Capitán general y capitanes de las naos y oficiales y los veedores puestos por los dichos Diputados, elijáis é nombréis los dichos cuadri- lleros, y mandamos que los que vosotros ó la mayor parte de vo.sotros nombrásedes y señalásedes repartan las dichas presas y cabalgadas, conforme al dicho capitulo de la instrucción. Asimismo, mandamos que cuando acaesciere que alguna de las dichas naos se apartare de las otras, y esta tal nao hobiere de hacer re.scate, no se haga sino por el capitán y oficiales y veedor de la dicha nao. Asimismo, declaramos y mandamos que después de hecho el dicho rescate de la dicha armada é cumplida la carga della, conforme á la dicha instrucción general, si quisiere algund particular rescatar cosa suya propia, lo pueda hacer, sin que de lo que hobiere por el tal rescate sea obligado á dar parte dello á persona alguna, por- que esto ha de ser para él. DOCUMENTOS 437 Otrosí, damos licencia y facultad para que por esta vez se puedan rescatar y rescaten con la dicha armada hachas y cuchillos en los lugares y partes donde se pudiese hacer, sin que para agora ni adelante se pueda recibir daño dello, no em- bargante que en la dicha instrucción de vos, el dicho Sebastián Caboto, es prohibido el dicho rescate con hachas y cuchillos. Y por cuanto en un capítulo de la dicha instrucción se vos mandó que, llegando á las nuestras islas de Maluco, rescibáis la carga que por el Comendador Loaísa vos fuere dada para la traer en esa armada á estos reinos, de que vos y los armadores de la dicha armada os agraviáis, y me ha sido suplicado esto se entienda faltando carga para las dichas naos que vos lleváis; por ende, por la presente mando que, sin embargo de lo contenido en la dicha instrucción, no seáis obligado á tomar ni toméis la dicha carga quel dicho Comendador Loaísa vos diese en las dichas islas de Maluco, sino fuese faltando carga á las dichas vuestras naos y después de haber gastado los rescates que lleváis. ■ ' : I Otrosí, por la presente doy licencia y facultad á vos, el dicho Sebastián Caboto, para que cada y cuando os paresciese y viéredes que conviene á nuestro servicio y bien de la armada, podáis mudar de unos navios en otros cualesquier calafates, car- pinteros, grumetes y marineros y otros oficiales y personas desta calidad. Asimismo, ya sabéis cómo mandamos nombrar y señalar doce gentiles-hombres que fuesen con vos, para acompañamiento de vuestra persona, á los cuales diz que los dichos diputados llaman sobresalientes, como á los otros que van en el armada, y porque son personas de quien yo me tengo por servido, y así los mandé nombrar y señalar por gentiles-hombres del armada; por ende, por la presente mando que así se llamen y por tales sean tenidos y tratados, y nO como á los otros sobresalientes. Y por cuanto en algunos de los capítulos de la dicha instrucción se manda á vos, el dicho Sebastián Caboto, que para las cosas de hacienda y rescates della que hobiéredes de hacer conforme á ellos, toméis el parescer de los capitanes y oficiales y otras personas que van en la dicha armada, declaramos y mandamos que en todas las cosas de hacienda y rescates della, habiendo de tomar el dicho parecer conforme á los capítulos que cerca dello hablan, siendo las tales personas conformes, hayáis de seguir el parecer dellas, y siendo diferentes en parescer, podáis vos, el dicho nuestro Capitán General, votar y contar vuestro voto por dos, y seguir la mayor parte dellos que. así votare, y estando en igualdad, contando vuestro voto por dos, podáis seguir la parte que os paresciere que cumple á nuestro servicio y bien de la dicha armada. .'■' ' Fecha en Sevilla, á veinte y cuatro días del mes de Marzo de mili é quinientos y veinte y seis años. — Yo EL REY. — Refrendada del Secretario Cobos, señalada del Obispo de Osma y del de Canaria y Doctor Beltrán y Obispo de Cibdad Rodrigo. (Archivo de Indias, 152-1-1, tomo I, folio 83). VII. — Contratación de Sevilla. — Relaciones formadas en la Casa ele los pertrechos, municiones, mercaderías y otras cosas que se enviaban á Indias. — Años 1522 á 1599. — Relación de lo recibido y pagado por Enrique Montes en la isla de Santa Catalina.

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32-й личный чемпионат Латвии 13 июля, 2008 Даугавпилс, стадион «Локомотив» Примечания 2000.

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http://data.theeuropeanlibrary.org/BibliographicResource/3000113940310 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/issue/3000113940310 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/issue/fullscreen/3000113940310 http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7276271/f1.thumbnail_2

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C'est, comme on le sait, la place Vendôme qui recevait tous les membres triplement. En février, la société de secours mutuels des anciens compagnons passants charpentiers de Paris, faute de congrès St-Martin (M. Lacroix, président), 50 f. Usine de MM. Dalifol et Alphonse Dalifol, 306. apport massages. M. Dalifol, abonné, 30 f. Femme Dalifol, 5 f. Cinq employés, 10 f. Les mouleurs et fondeurs, 17 f. 75. Les hommes de l'usine, 13 f. 50. Les ouvriers de la maison Meussot, rue Au - maire. 12 : MM. Darrus; T. Hippolyte Brouard, 1 f. Piron, 1 f. Thenon, 1 f. L'Êvêque, 2 f. Paul Meussot, 1 f. Jean Meussot, 50 c. Jean Meunier, 50 c. Richard, faubourg St-Denis, 61; 1 f. Remiremont (Vosges); Jérôme Maullon, carrossier MM. Louis Jules, forgeron, 1 f. Louis, son frère, limeur, 1 f. Thomas, limeur, 1 f. Alphonse, apprenti 25 c. Gaillard, menuisier, 1 f. Thiébaut, charron, 1 f. Joseph, id. 1 f. Henry Haut, sculpteur, 1 f. Cyrille Remy, id. 1 f. Henry Remy, id. 1 f. Mise père, participe 1 f. Mise fils, id. - 50 c. Thierry Maullon, 2 f. De Montreuil : M. Lampue aîné, boulanger, 2 f. Alexandre Granier, propriétaire, 2 f. Lampue jeune, professeur de dessin; 2 f. Alexandre Lallet, instituteur libre. 2 f. Pierre Coupeau,oucher. 1 f. Sakamon, tailleur. 1 f. Artignat, négociant, 5 f. Besins-Etcheh, 5 f. MM. Livonnière, 5 f. Salin, 3 f. Portal et ses deux commis, 52 f. Autre maison, 2 f. Dussauge, 5 f. Joseph, 3 f. Atelier Limberger, 19 l. Ba, 1 f. Les ouvriers, en remerciement pour leur service, 112, boulevard Sébastopol, 6 f. Deux anonymes, 2 f. Les ouvriers et employés de la manufacture d'armures de l'église de MM. Aristide Cavaillé-Lombard et Cie, 47 f. Un ami des employés, 2 f. Le personnel de la mine de Béarnel, 26 f. Les employés de la construction du chemin de fer de Montluçon à Bourges, 11 f. 23. Le juge de paix et le commissaire de police du canton de Bordeaux (Dordogne), 9 f. 60. Collectivité des habitants du café de l'Ouest, tenu par M. Dauvilliers; à Vitré (Ille-et-Vilaine), 35 f. 7. Un groupe parmi la famille de la Nièvre, 10 f. et de houdeur ou aux poules de la Flèche, que vous pouvez appeler poules du Mans, de Pavilly ou de Barbezieux, sans vous exposer à commettre, quoi qu'en disent les vrais amateurs, une grossière méprise. On pourrait même en revenir à certaines poules dites communes que ça n'en serait pas plus mal. J'espère aussi que la race d'Alfort, créée par notre ami Rousset, et qui brille ici au premier rang, conservera la place honorable qu'elle s'est acquise parmi les volailles rustiques, précoce, donnant beaucoup d'œufs et de délicieux rôtis. Les lots exposés par M. Rousset sont très beaux, et ceux qui figurent à sa vente de main à l'hôtel des commissaires-priseurs ne le leur cèdent en rien : ils ont la jeunesse et la santé, les plus beaux trésors du monde. Je connus autrefois leurs ancêtres, et j'ai su apprécier leurs succulentes qualités. Ceux-ci ne seront pas dégénérés. Les races de la Flèche sont admirables. On a donné, dit-on, la médaille d'or à M. Delouche, qui l'a bien méritée sans doute; je l'aurais certainement donnée à M. Simier qui, à mon avis, ne la méritait pas moins, et peut-être l'avait un peu mieux gagnée. Quant aux canards, aux lapins, aux tourterelles, aux pigeons, à toutes ces richesses de la basse-cour, vous n'avez qu'à étendre la main pour toucher un chef-d'œuvre de la nature et de l'éducation. Tous y trouvez même un couple de cygnes noirs comme l'ébène; c'est vilain, mais c'est rare ! En somme, l'exposition des animaux de basse-cour est si belle, si attrayante, si intéressante, qu'on oublie, au milieu des chants des coqs et des joyeux gloussements des poules, les merveilles du jardin où l'on se trouve. C'est ce qui m'est arrivé hier; mais j'espère bien un de ces jours réparer cette faute. Victor Borie. les ans leurs premières visites. C'est aussi là L'espèce galerie forme le grand intérêt de l'exposition. Tous les noms illustres dans l'élite végétale, amateurs ou négociants, se trouvent là les Rousset; d'Alfort; Delouche; Simier, du Mans; Félix Durand, de Bléré; Backer, de Paris; Gérard, de Lyon ; Perret, Maupas, etc., ont envoyé leurs plus beaux échantillons à ce remarquable concours. 'Tout en classant les races, il a séparé les volailles de luxe des volailles plus prosaïques, mais plus utiles, qui sont destinées à alimenter la consommation. Je ne parlerai pas des padoues dorées, argentées, herminées; des fines et délicates poules hollandaises; des coqs endommagés, coiffés du sombrero écarlate et colletés de blanc, de vrais hidalgos, fiers et vaniteux; des breda bleues, blanches ou noires ; des poules de Gueldre ou de Java; des coqs de combat aux éperons cuirassés, envoyés par bombes livres. EN VENTE dans les cantons du siècle de La dialectique des DERNIÈRES ANNÉES. 1860 PUBLIEE SEHRSTIE. — Commençant à l'annexion de la banlieue à Paris et finissant au vote par le parlement sarde d'un emprunt de 1500 millions. second semestre. — Comme à la suite des funérailles du prince Napoléon et finissant à la mise en liberté par l'Autriche du comte Teleki. 1861 premier semestre. — Commencant à la réception du corps diplomatique aux Tuileries et finissant au refus de l'empereur d'Autriche de recevoir l'adresse de la diète hongroise. - second semestre. — Commencant au vote par le parlement français d'un emprunt de 500 millions et finissant à la cassation de l'arrêt rendu par la cour de Paris contre MM. Mires et Siméon. Quand, l'automne venu, elles se réunissent pour prendre leur vol vers la Méditerranée et l'Afrique. Depuis hier, ces aimables messagères du printemps voltigent autour des croisées du ministère de la justice. Quelques-unes peuvent rentrer facilement dans le nid qu'elles avaient abandonné il y a six mois ; mais d'autres, moins heureuses, trouvent la place occupée par une famille de hardis moineaux. Il est malaisé de chasser ces intrus, qui se défendent à coups de bec. Après de vaines tentatives faites pour rentrer, l'hirondelle est souvent obligée de se retirer. Elle va se reposer sur le toit, poussant des cris aigus, et appelle ainsi à son aide ses chères compagnes. Bientôt celles-ci arrivent en troupe pour livrer un assaut général. On les voit alors fondre toutes ensemble sur le nid. Les moineaux résistent bravement, mais, accablés par le nombre, ils sont obligés de plier; ils partent, poursuivis par leurs ennemis, et vont cacher au loin la honte de leur défaite. — Une jeune fille nommée Marie M... s'était laissé séduire par un homme qui lui avait promis le mariage, mais qui ne se pressa nullement de tenir sa promesse. Devenue mère d'une petite fille, elle finit par consentir, dit le Droit, à vivre maritalement avec celui dont elle ne pouvait être l'épouse légitime. Six années se passèrent ainsi, après lesquelles, emporté par une nouvelle passion, le séducteur abandonna la mère et l'enfant. Restée seule, sans ressources, avec sa petite fille, Marie M..., souffrante des suites d'une maladie, pouvait à peine travailler. Elle alla habiter un modeste logement à Neuilly. Peu à peu elle tomba dans une situation dénuement extrême. Alors elle résolut de se donner la mort avec son enfant. En conséquence, elle prit, avant-hier soir, toutes ses dispositions, et après avoir couché l'enfant, elle part, dans la chambre, trois réchauds remplis de charbon à lumière. Hier matin, des locataires voisins entendirent frapper de l'intérieur du logement. L'un d'eux arriva près de la porte et demanda ce qu'il y avait : « C'est maman, et la petite fille, qui dorment toujours et qui ne vont pas s'éveiller. » On craignit quelque malheur, et on fit ouvrir par un serrurier. Marie M... fut trouvée étendue sans vie sur son lit. On se hâta de l'avenir à M. Gauthier, commissaire de police de Neuilly. dans ce moment avec une telle impétuosité que le clocher des Cadenceux n'avait pu y résister. Il s'écroula sous une tempête plus violente que les autres, et, dans sa chute, il défonça la tour, qui s'affaissa au milieu de l'église et a tout endommagé; La cloche, en tombant, a rencontré la chaire et l'pêche, qu'elle a littéralement broyée; d'autres tableaux et orements ont été écrasés. Si on avait suivi l'usage ordinaire de dépêcher le corps dans la grande nef, toutes les personnes présentes à la cérémonie auraient infailliblement péri. — Il y a quelques jours, des voleurs se sont introduits dans la nouvelle église catholique de Notre-Dame de Genève et ont fait main-basse sur tout ce qui pouvait avoir quelque valeur. Les vases sacrés, un christ en argent, un collier de la statue de la Sainte-Vierge, le ciboire de Pie IX, et jusqu'à un grand lustre en cuivre doré, tout a été la proie de ces malheureux sacrilèges. L'arrestation d'un de ces voleurs vient d'avoir lieu dans des circonstances particulières qui sont ainsi racontées par le Journal de Genève: Samedi dernier, des passants, dans une rue des Pâquis, furent tout à coup surpris d'en tendre des cris étouffés qui semblaient provenir d'une cave. On pénétra dans ce réduit et l'on y trouva un individu à moitié asphyxié par la vapeur d'un réchaud sur lequel plusieurs instruments servant à la fonte du métal étaient disposés. On commença par lui donner les secours nécessaires; puis le commissaire de police, appelé sur les lieux, en portant son regard sur l'individu, vit que celui-ci, occupé dans ce moment à une opération de fonte, devait avoir en sa possession tout ou partie des vases qui avaient disparu de l'église catholique. Une perquisition immédiate les fit décoverer au complet et détermina l'arrestation de cet individu, qui est, dit-on, d'origine italienne, né à Bologne et figé de quarante ans. D'après ses aveux, il s'était fait enfermer dans l'église et était sorti le lendemain sans être aperçu lorsque le sacristain en ouvrit les portes. — On lit dans le Courrier de Saint-Etienne: Un épouvantable sinistre a, pendant la nuit de samedi, jeté la consternation dans la commune de Saint-Julien-en Jarrêt. La tréfilerie de MM. Quatrième siècle se vends séparément. Par la poste. Les quatre semestres Tunis, par la poste, 1 f. 20c. 25 cent. 30 cent. Le capitaine d'infanterie à Rennes, 5 f. Savelon- Albion des Cocherv, Grande-Rue, à la Chapelle, 5 f. Des produits que je ne connais pas Maurice Person, à Paris, 50 c. Meilleur aujourd'hui qu'hier - des poules nègres (Fin de la journée du 16 février 1862.) Ses, qu'on appelle ainsi parce qu'elles ont un travelers diverses. L'Académie française a décerné le prix du concours dramatique, qui n'avait pas été décerné l'année précédente, à M. Jules Lacroix, auteur d'Œdipe roi. — La session annuelle du congrès des délégués des sociétés savantes de France a été ouverte hier, dans la grande salle de la société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale. On écrit du hameau des Cadeneaux (commune des Pennes) au Mémorial d'Aix : Un événement extraordinaire vient d'avoir lieu dans notre localité. Il aurait pu avoir les suites les plus désastreuses sans un concours de circonstances qui en ont heureusement attenué la gravité. On venait de procéder, il y a du courant, vers dix heures, à l'exhumation du corps de la jeune Amiel pour le faire transporter dans le cimetière de Saint-Antoine. Les restes mortels de cette jeune fille furent transférés pour être déposés provisoirement dans l'église paroissiale; selon l'usage. Le corps de la défunte était à peine arrivé dans l'église qu'un fracas épouvantable se fit entendre et que toutes les personnes présentes, au nombre de quinze ou seize, disparurent dans un épais nuage de poussière. Ce fut une panique générale, une terreur indescriptible; tout le monde se sauva, et il ne resta plus que le cercueil. Voici quelle était la cause de ce bruit effrayant : Le vent du nord-ouest, le mistral, soufflait — C'est le 25 avril qu'aura lieu le concert du pianiste D. Magus, qui fera entendre en cette circonstance plusieurs de ses meilleures compositions musicales. Cette soirée, l'une des plus belles de la saison, emprunte un caractère tout particulier au concours prêté par Sivori à l'excellence bénéficiaire; les deux artistes interpréteront ensemble une des dernières œuvres de Félicien David, le trio en ré mineur. A côté d'eux, le programme offrira les noms de MM. Seigmann et Bron, de Mme Oscar Commettant et des frères Guidon. — Le succès a couronné l'œuvre des Anciennes maisons de Paris, par Lefeuve. Une table donne la clef des recherches dans ce recueil de notices éminemment curieuses, qui seront souvent consultées. — La vente des livres imprimés et manuscrits provenant du cabinet de M. Eugène P., qui a commencé aujourd'hui 23 avril 1862, est la grande préoccupation des amateurs. Livres sérieux, élégants et rares, éditions princeps, romans de chevalerie, livres d'art de chasse, de musique, de science et d'histoire, la bibliophilie est sous tous ses aspects représentée dans cette collection. Un superbe classique, Salluste, in-folio sur vélin, en richesse d'exquises peintures du Florentin Attaignant, et un volume de poésies latines, exécuté pour Anne de Bretagne, portant ses armes peintes à l'intérieur, et les œuvres du cardinal de Richelieu imprimées sur sa couverture, occupant le premier rang parmi les manuscrits. En le regardant un rapide coup d'œil sur le catalogue, publié par M. Potier, libraire, nous avons remarqué l'Apollonius grec de Florence, 1494, un des cinq livres imprimés en lettres capitales par Frédéric de Alva: le Théocripte, le Sophocle et les Rhetores grecs d'Aix; l'Eutropie de 1471, et le Tite-Livius de Sweynheim et Pannartz, 1471. Les magnifiques volumes italiens et français des seizième et dix-septième siècles abondent dans cette collection, où l'on trouve notamment une belle suite de livres à destination, ayant appartenu à des papes et à des cardinaux, depuis Paul III jusqu'à Pie VI. Par toutes les nouvelles diverses, affectant de la vertu, et ont écrit récemment de beaux livres, aussi remarquables par l'honnêteté du but que par l'évidence des principes et le talent du style. Certes, personne n'est plus opposé à la spiritualité de nos jours que les contemporains de notre époque; cependant le plus beau succès en a été la publication des éditions, qui s'en sont multipliées, et tous éloges s'en sont trouvés, dans toutes les voyes, sans les sociétés les plus corrompues, il y a toujours de nobles cœurs qui ne se laissent pas ébranler par les vices de leur temps, et qui imposent aux autres. De même, alors que le goût se déprave et semble s'anéantir, il se trouve des âmes heureusement douées qui ne perdent jamais le sentiment du beau, qui lui vouent un culte, et le préservent du naufrage. C'est pour ces organisations exceptionnelles et pour lui-même que l'artiste doit travailler pour les périodes d'égarement des sociétés civilisées; ces sont en petit nombre, sans doute, mais elles finissent par dominer le sentiment vulgaire de la foule. Travailler pour le petit nombre ne mène pas à la fortune, objectera-t-on. C'est vrai; mais c'est la biographie des grands hommes restés des modèles. Sébastien Bach, par exemple, élevait sa nombreuse famille avec le modeste revenu d'un emploi dont un commis de magasin aurait de la peine à se contenter; il donnait des leçons et faisait lui-même ses copies, ce qui, poussantit était heureux, car il écrivait pendant ses loisirs, à la lueur de sa veilleuse, les belles compositions que vous savez. Mozart eut à lutter contre les embarras d'une position précaire qui ne suffit pas toujours à ses besoins. Lisez son correspondance, vous y trouverez les compulsations que lui donna Don Juan, chez lequel ne trouvait pas non plus un produit suffisant dans l'exécution des mesrites symptomatiques. La musique vint frapper pourtant à sa porte. Il devint sourd, et ne connaisait que par intuition ses derniers ouvrages. L'art m'a soutenu, dit-il dans son testament. Propriété tous, ils se ressemblent par la temporarité; ils naissent, travaillent et meurent sans s'apercevoir qu'ils ont souffert. Nous ne pensons pas, nous, qu'il soit nécessaire à sa gloire que l'artiste accorde son bien-être et son repos. Mais il y a une grande différence entre rechercher ce bien-être à tout prix et se repousser aveuglément. Outre les mille existences auxquelles nous initie M. Fétis, sa biographie renferme des renseignements sur tous les objets qui se rapportent à la science générale de la musique. Ce travail formulant est donc augmenté dans sa nomenclature si riche déjà de noms connus, et que les anciens articles ont été remaniés, complétés, pourgés des erreurs de faits et de dates, facilement excitables dans un ouvrage de cette importance. De longs voyages, entrepris à diverses époques, pendant vingt ans, en Allemagne, en Italie, en Angleterre et en France, ont permis à l'auteur de recueillir des matériaux dans les bibliothèques, et des manuscrits rares dans des collections particulières. En somme, la Biographie universelle des musiciens est sans contredit un des ouvrages les plus importants, les plus faits et les plus complets qui aient paru de nos jours. Il paraît que le besoin de Pierre de La Licte se faisait vivement sentir. On vient d'en faire une reprise, à laquelle un changement de distribution a donné un certain éclat. M. et Mme Geymaril, créateurs des principaux rôles, étaient remplacés par M. Michot. et par Mlle Marie Sax. Quant au divertissement chorégraphique, dont l'importance ne saurait être contestée dans un ouvrage de cette nature, il était impossible sans l'amoindrir en confier l'exécution à une autre, nous remerciant que la Ferraris; aussi, la célèbre ballerine a-t-elle conservé le privilège de nous charmer dans le ballet de "Qui no", par la grâce poétique et le caractère original de son talent. Nous l'avons dit il y a deux ans, lors de la première représentation, Pierre de Médicis n'est en quelque sorte qu'un période de décorations. Les librettistes se sont modestement effacés devant les peintres, se contentant de fournir des situations dramatiques au compositeur. Mlle Sax a dit avec chaleur la scène du premier acte, le trio du second, et la prise de voile du quatrième. On la rappela deux fois; oyons la franchise d'ajouter tant pis car, pour mériter de semblables ovations, il ne suffit pas d'avoir une voix puissante, il faut encore un style, bien arrêté. Or, Mlle Sax a la voix, mais le style lui manque encore. Toutefois, depuis son début, ses progrès ont été sensibles. Sauf quelques passages essentiellement dramatiques qui exigeraient une force qu'il n'a pas, M. Wichot s'est fait justement applaudir, notamment dans sa romance et dans son andante du dénouement. M. Wichot est un ténor sympathique: il a l'émotion tendre au suprême degré. C'est bien le trouvère de l'Opéra. Tamburinski a quitté Paris, se rendant à Londres. Durant son séjour d'un mois parmi nous, les recettes du Théâtre Italien se sont maintenues au maximum. Mais on ne pariera plus d'aisons ni de feux; c'est à peine s'il l'a fait en tendre quatre ou cinq fois. Le fameux ut de viendra le point de mire des impuissants, qui s'imaginent que cela suffit. Décidément Tamburinski est grand diplomate autant que grand chanteur. Il est arrivé chez nous avec une note exceptionnelle pour attirer immédiatement l'attention sur lui; puis, après avoir triomphé de notre indifférence en matière d'art, il s'est transformé radicalement, ne montrant que ses qualités réelles, bien suffisantes pour légitimer sa réputation. Aujourd'hui l'on admire sa manière intelligente et délicate de phraser, sa justesse d'intonation, son sentiment exquis, sa chaleur et cette puissance qui procède parfois du rugissement. Avant son départ, il a signé son engagement pour l'année prochaine. bonne nouvelle. M. Charles Manry a fait exécuter une messe solennelle à grand orchestre en l'honneur de Saint Eustache, au profit de la caisse des écoles du deuxième arrondissement. On sait le but de l'institution : donner l'instruction gratuite aux enfants qui se sont montrés dignes ; distribuer des prix d'honneur et des livrets de la caisse d'épargne aux lauréats de chaque année, et faire subvenir des frais aux méritants des établissements d'enseignement supérieur. La foule était accourue à cette utile solennité. L'œuvre de M. Manry se recommande par d'éminentes qualités. Les solistes étaient confiés à Mlle Marie Sax, à MM. Cazeaux et Warot. Les choristes étaient nombreux et choisis ; l'orchestre était excellent. La quête a dû produire de quoi pourvoir aux nécessités d'un trimestre. Nous aimons à voir les arts se mettre au service de la charité. Et maintenant : passons aux concerts. Un des plus brillants de la saison a été celui que Mme Rosa Escudier-Kastner, pianiste de l'empereur d'Autriche, a donné avec le concours de Henri Herz, de Mlle Marie Battu, de G. Duprez et de Léon Duprez. Mme Escudier-Kastner eût pu se reposer sur son seul talent pour attirer la foule des dilettantes qui se pressaient dans la grande et belle salle de Herz. Le désir de l'entendre et de l'aplaudir après plusieurs années de silence eût été suffisant. Mais, enfin, abondance de grands artistes nuit pas. Le magique violon de Sivori a fait merveille, comme toujours. Mlle Marie Battu et MM. G. Duprez et Léon Duprez ont parfaitement chanté le terzetto de Belisario, de Donizetti ; l'air de Zampa, le duo de l'Elisir d'amore, et la cavatine de la Sonnambula. La Gasconne, duo burlesque de G. Duprez, chanté par lui et par M. Léon Duprez, a paru très réjouissante. Henri Herz s'est fait entendre deux fois : la première, dans une très jolie Tarentelle napolitaine, de Sivori, avec l'auteur ; la seconde, avec la bénéficiaire, dans un grand duo concertant de sa composition, sur des motifs de Mozart et de Rosso. Il n'y a qu'une épithète pour caractériser le talent hors ligne de Herz : parfait, toujours parfait. Quant à Mme Rosa Escudier-Kastner, qui en outre a exécuté seule la sonate de Beethoven dédiée à Kreutzer, la grande paraphrase de concert sur le Songe d'une nuit de Mendelssohn, la Marche funèbre de Chopin, le Zéphyr de Kullback, nous n'crainds pas de dire qu'elle est sans conteste la plus digne émule de Mme Pierron. M. Rouard de Hartog est un de ces compositeurs qui détestent les sentiers faciles. S'il risque parfois une romance, entre un quatuor et une symphonie, il la travaille avec autant de soin qu'un grand morceau. Là, comme chez tous leurs confrères, le banal est repoussé par sa nature intelligente et distinguée. Il résulte de cette horreur du vuiderie que ses compositions ne sont pas toujours comprises à première audition. Que lui importe? Il écrit moins pour la foule que pour le sphinx. A chaque arbre sa mission. M. de Hartog se complaît surtout dans la composition instrumentale. Ses deux quatuors l'ont prouvé. Ajoutons que l'interprétation en était confiée à MM. Balta, Maurin, Viguier et Mas, qui ont su les faire apprécier dans leurs moindres détails. Mlle Juliette Dorus s'est présentée timidement l'autre soir devant un public qui ne demandait pas mieux que de reporter sur elle les sympathies acquises à son père. D'ailleurs elle n'avait pas besoin de s'alarmer. Sa voix est fraîche et pure. Elle a très bien dit l'air d'Alice, de Meyerbeer, ainsi que celui de Zémire et Azor, de Grétry. Dans deux duos, des Vêpres de Rossini et de Giovanni, chantés avec MM. Levasseur et Jules Lefort, elle a charmé l'auditoire. La flûte de M. Dorus, l'alto de M. Casimir Prévost et le violon de M. Aird ont fait merveille de leur côté. C'est leur habitude. Parmi les pianistes de l'école du bon sens et du bon goût, il faut classer Mlle Sabatier-Blot. Elle l'a prouvé, chez Erard, en jouant avec une délicatesse remarquable la délicieuse sérénade de Marmontel, et avec une maestria parfaite la grande étude de J. Kramer. Après ces morceaux, et pour faire juger les qualités multiples de son talent, elle a fait entendre une pièce sans paroles de Mendelssohn, le scherzo de Kullback, le Menuet de Goriot, la Saltarelle d'Alkan. Ses doigts ont le moelleux et l'agilité. On croit généralement que la femme n'est pas faite pour le violon, ou plutôt que le violon n'est pas fait pour la femme. Nous sommes de l'avis de tout le monde, on se sent que cet instrument supprime la grâce personnelle, mais non pas le talent. Mile Julienne André en est la preuve. Elle ne cherche pas à nous étonner, et elle fait bien; elle se contente de charme par l'expression et la délicatesse du jeu. Nous avons entendu aussi M. Hamer, violon solo de S. M. l'empereur de Perse! Le schisme de Perses protège-il à ce point les arts? On s'efforçait à voir arriver le bénéficiaire sur l'esplanade, avec une robe noire et le bonnet d'astrakhan traditionnel. Erreur; il s'avérait élévé en fait, en revêtue de cravate blanche et bottes vernies - mais le costume ne faisait rien à l'actrice; il a exécuté parfaitement une fantaisie de sa composition sur des motifs de la Tarentelle, et les Rêminiscences de Rellini. Ses applaudissements ont montré qu'il n'était pas absolument nécessaire, quand en était violon solo S. M. l'empereur de Perse, de porter robe noire et le bonnet d'astrakhan. L'Esclave Vindex, par Louis Veuillot. (1 vol. in-18. Prix, 1 fr. 25.) Vient de paraître chez Gaimo frères et J. Duprey. — La société des Barytes françaises est en mesure de livrer journalièrement à la consommation des produits de premier choix comme blancheur, qualité et finesse. Les sortes secondaires sont traitées avec un égal soin; elles ne diffèrent de la première que par la blancheur. L'importance des filons exploités par cette société lui permet de fournir, à jour fixe, quantités considérables. On ne sera pas déçu. Ce soir, au Théâtre-Français, le Misanthrope, comédie en cinq actes, en vers, de Molière, et l'Icare, comédie en cinq actes, en prose, de Molière. — A l'Opéra-Comique, le Joaillier de Saint-James - MM. Momaybry, couderc, Sainte-Foy, Lemaire. Mmes Monrose et Tual rempliront les rôles de cet ouvrage. On commencera par Jocrisse. — Aux Italiens, à la demande générale, représentation de Forma, opéra en deux actes, de Bellini, chanté par Mmes Penco, Volpini, Mlle Nauton et Capponi. - — au Théâtre-Lyrique, 20e représentation de la Chatte merveilleuse, dont le succès grandit encore. — Ce soir, à l'Odéon, Tisserand et Mlle Ronssin dans la Dernière idole, suivie de Boursault, le Mur, le Médecin. JEUDI Le siège, en s'adressant à cette société, à des retards, toujours si nuisibles aux intérêts des acheteurs. Il suffit de dire que l'usine de cette société, sise à Villefranche (Rhône), a été établie par des moyens mécaniques dus aux progrès de l'industrie française pour que la régularité de la fabrication soit mise hors de doute. Pour les prix, très modérés, et pour les autres renseignements, écrire à M. Rousseau et Cie, rue Montholon, 28. — M. Charavot et Cie ont commencé à photographier les hommes et les artistes célèbres par leur procédé inaltérable au charbon. On trouvera toujours chez eux, rue de la Grange aux Belles, 12, des épreuves parfaites. Les reproductions faites par ce procédé sont non seulement inaltérables, mais elles retrouvent leur beauté primitive. On envoie des épreuves au charbon de bois à Martinet, rue Vivienne, 11. — Saison du printemps. Les personnes qui ont l'habitude de se purger à cette époque, celles qui craignent le retour de maladies chroniques, les atteintes de goutte, de rhumatismes, ou d'autres inflammations par le sang ou les humeurs, pourront recourir avec succès au chocolat des brioches, purgatif aussi agréable que efficace et qui agit sans irriter. 24 AVRIL 1862 HÉCROLOSÉE. Le barreau de Paris vient de faire une nouvelle perte : M. Montigny, avocat, a succombé hier matin à une attaque d'apoplexie. — M. César Courlin, directeur des houillères de Saint-Etienne, vient de mourir dans cette ville. — Mile Ulrich Trémayeure, auteur de plusieurs ouvrages pour l'instruction des jeunes personnes, est décédée à Paris. Carlo Ferdinando, prince de Capoue, dont un télégramme nous a annoncé la mort, sur venue à Turin, et due à la même maladie que celle qui enleva le roi Ferdinand I, son frère, était né le 10 octobre 1811. Amateur éclairé des arts, peu soucieux des choses de la politique, recherchant volontiers les libéraux, le prince de Capoue devint bientôt antipathique à son père, et lorsqu'il épousa à Londres, après un enlèvement romanesque, miss Petroleope Grice Smith, fille d'un tenancier du comté de Waterford, toutes relations cessèrent pendant longues années entre le prince de Capoue, réfugié à Londres où il vivait dans un état voisin de la médiocrité, et le roi des Deux-Siciles. On sait que le prince de Capoue avait accepté très philosophiquement la révolution qui précipita sa famille du trône de Naples. Il laisse deux enfants : le comte de Maseria, né en 1837, et la princesse Victoria, née en 1838. — D'Ornant. Tribunaux. Cour d'appel de Douai (chambre correctionnelle), Affaire Mirès. — Arrêt. Voici la seconde partie du texte de l'arrêt rendu par la cour. » Après ces mots : « Attendu qu'au point de vue de l'intention frauduleuse, le délit d'escroquerie n'a pas non plus de base, » l'arrêt continue ainsi : « Attendu que, en effet, Mirès n'a pu vouloir s'approprier la fortune d'autrui, puisqu'il agissait selon le mode suivi antérieurement lui. adopté par d'autres établissements de crédit, et qu'il croyait user de son droit, comme le démontre la forme des réceptions; « Que son intention peut d'autant moins être suspectée à cet égard, qu'il avait une caisse de dépôts pour lesquels il exerçait un droit de garde, et contenant lors de son arrestation, d'après l'état dresse par les liquidateurs, 7,112 livres nominatifs, déposés par 478 clients, dont la caisse avait donné des reçus indicatifs de leurs numéros, et qu'il a scrupuleusement respecté ces dépôts; » Attendu que si les 30 avril, 2 et 3 mai 1859, il a vendu effectivement à la course les titres des 333 clients dont il s'agit pour pouvoir régler avec eux, au cours de cette époque, sans avoir avis ni mise en demeure, c'est la sanction d'un acte irraisonné en gagnant sa responsabilité civile, mais qui ne peut constituer une escroquerie: » Que pour bien apprécier cette circonstance, il faut se reporter aux événements qui ont signalé la fin d'avril et le commencement de mai 1859 ; qu'en effet l'imminence de la guerre avait entraîné à la bourse une baisse considérable; » Que Mirès, en présence des avances faites à ses clients et montant alors à 8,588,000 fr. sur des titres dont la valeur totale n'était que de 10 millions; avait lieu de craindre que, la baisse s'accélérant, toute la valeur de ces titres ne fut bientôt absorbée et même dépassée, ce qui mettait en péril la caisse à un découvert considérable; que l'on conçoit dès lors la nécessité pour lui de liquider sa situation avec retard, puisqu'il était. art du compte courant, et a demandé de la stipulation d'exéquation fixe, les parties contractantes pouvaient régler à leur volonté; » Qu'en exécutant ses chefs de clause «ni cours du jour, il eût fait, en réalité, si la baisse avait continué, une perception avancée dont ils lui eussent su gratitude puis tard nu lieu de s'en plaindre, puisque la continuation de la baisse, loin de leur préjudicier, les aurait suivis d'une perte plus grande, et qu'en cas de hausse ils conservaient la faculté de demander l'annulation de la vente; » Que Mirès croyait si bien à la guerre générale et à la persistance de la baisse, qu'il a fait alors une opération importante à la baisse pour son compte personnel ; » Que son tort consiste à avoir voulu s'affranchir, par la circulaire adressée à ses clients, de la mise en demeure préalable qui eût permis à un certain nombre d'entre eux, peut-être restreint à cause de la rareté des capitaux, de se libérer envers la Caisse et de rentrer en possession de leurs titres ; » Que Mirès a si bien compris l'irrégularité de cet acte, qu'il a réintégré la plupart des exécutés, même avant la dénominaison dont il a l'obligation; qu'à l'époque de son arrestation ceux qui n'avaient pas encore été replacés dans leur situation première devaient l'être en vertu des ordres formels qu'il avait donnés ; » Attendu enfin que la lettre circulaire, pour devenir délictueuse, aurait dû inspirer aux clients la crainte d'un événement, cependant, mais qu'en voulant leur persuader que leur liquidation au cours du jour était une mesure de sûreté, Mirès n'était point dans l'erreur, puisque la baisse a continué jusqu'au 5 mai, et qu'on croyait sérieusement à la bourse qu'elle se prolongerait encore. Qu'ainsi, sous aucun rapport, les éléments constitutifs d'élément d'escroquerie, le fait matériel, les sommes et l'intention frauduleuse n'existent pas dans la cause; En ce qui touche le chef de prévention relatif au détournement des litres, sur lesquels aucune avance n'avait encore été faite aux ditains: Attendu que Mires, en ne donnant pas pour ces titres des récépissés indicatifs de leurs numéros, ne recevait pas le compte certain; qu'il n'était donc tenu qu'à leur rendre des titres semblables: Attendu que l'état dressé par les liquidateurs le 20 février constate qu'il y avait alors dans la caisse plusieurs missions et 383 obligations des ports de Marseille, tandis qu'il n'en était dû aux clients que 189; qu'ainsi Mires avait en caisse des titres de même nature ou les fonds nécessaires pour se les procurer; qu'au surplus tous les apports de cette catégorie ont été désintéressés par les liquidateurs, du fait qu'il n'y a pas lieu à abus de confiance. En ce qui touche l'abus de mandat, qui consisterait à s'être approprié le prix de 120 obligations de Pampelune à Saragosse; Attendu que Mires avait pris l'engagement personnel de livrer les titres, mais que son arrestation seule l'en a empêché; que d'ailleurs il y avait alors dans la caisse plusieurs millions, dans lesquels étaient confondus les 30,000 francs représentant la valeur de ces 120 titres; qu'il était donc en mesure d'accomplir ce mandat; En ce qui concerne la répartition illicite de dividendes à l'aide d'inventaires frauduleux pendant les exercices de 1857, 1858, 1859 et 1860; En ce qui touche l'exercice 1857; Attendu que les 8,750,000 fr. que les gérants ont fait figurer par moitié aux inventaires de 1856 et 1857, comme correspondant un bénéfice sur les chemins de fer Romains, étaient réellement acquis, puisqu'aux termes de l'article 1er du traité du 3 avril 1856, pas établi avec la compagnie romaine, Mires a vu souscrire, toutes les actions de ce chemin pour 175 millions; que souscrire toutes les actions d'une société c'est en réalité le faire acheter; que si les mots diffèrent, le résultat final est le même, que dès lors. cet achat a donné naissance, du jour même, aux bénéfices résultant de l'opération ; Attendu qu'aux termes de l'article 2 du traité, sur les 175 millions, 35 millions étaient dès à présent alloués à Mires, sous certaines charges; que, déduction faite de ces charges, le bénéfice net, sur ce chapitre, était de 16 millions, dont 8 furent attribués à la réserve, et les 8 autres pour moitié aux inventaires de 1856 et de 1857; Attendu qu'il résulte remarquables mêmes de l'article 2 que ce bénéfice était acquis à Mires dès le jour du traité, puisqu'il venait en déduction des 175 millions qu'il devait à la compagnie romaine ; Que ce bénéfice était d'autant plus certain que le provenant pontifical avait garanti un intérêt de 5% par action ; que ce n'est donc pas indûment que les 8,750,000 fr. ont été portés aux inventaires de 1856 et de 1857 ; Que dans tous les cas, quand même Mires se serait trompé sur ce point, son erreur reposerait sur les termes du contrat ; qu'il résulte de cette solution que l'omission au passif de la perte de 572,000 fr. sur des marchés à terme n'a plus d'intérêt puisque, dans tous les cas, ces 572,000 fr. n'allaient en aucun cas au dividende qui a été distribué aux actionnaires; En ce qui concerne l'exercice 1858 : Attendu que le grief fait à cet inventaire consiste dans l'omission au passif d'une perte de 3 millions 953,000 fr. ; Attendu que cette somme fait partie des 5,573,000 fr. de perte portée à l'inventaire de 1859 ; Que cette omission ne peut être frauduleuse, puisque cette perte résultait d'une suite d'opérations en cours d'exécution, commencée en 1857, continuée jusqu'en 1859, et liquidée définitivement dans cette dernière année par la perte totale de 5 millions 573,000 fr. ; En ce qui touche l'inventaire de 1859 : Attendu que le bénéfice de 9 millions 151,156 fr. sur le chemin de fer de Pampelune à Saragosse était acquis à la Caisse générale, comme celui des chemins Romains, puisque Mires, ayant acheté ce chemin 145,000 fr. Le kilomètre et l'ayant revendu 200,000 à une société anonyme constituée par don d'une rente d'Espagne, le 14 décembre 1859, a bénéficié de la différence de 14,000 à 200,000, du jour même où cette société anonyme, quelle qu'elle fût, nombreuse ou non, a accepté rapport de Mirès au prix de 200,000 fr. le kilomètre. Que cette interprétation résulte des actes mêmes qu'il faudrait lacérer pour lui en substituer une autre. Attendu que l'omission au passif de 1,600,000 fr. de perte sur des marchés à terme, réduite de valeur par la cour à 738,000 fr., ne présente plus d'intérêt, puisque cette somme serait insuffisante pour entamer le dividende distribué aux actionnaires. En ce qui concerne l'exercice de 1860 : Attendu que Mirès ne peut être incriminé pour avoir évalué au pair les actions de la Caisse générale ; que la banque de France, notamment, admit ce mode d'évaluation malgré les écarts de la valeur ; Attendu que si les comptes courants créditeurs étaient considérables, des efforts sérieux ont été faits néanmoins pour en diminuer le chiffre ; qu'ils ont été réduits à 3 millions dans une seule année, ce qui suffit pour exclure toute intention frauduleuse ; Qu'au surplus, tous les inventaires, et la manière dont ils ont été dressés, ont été approuvés et ratifiés par les assemblées générales des actionnaires. En ce qui concerne le comte Siméon : Sur le premier moyen invoqué à l'appui du déclinatoire : Attendu que la loi du 17 juillet 1856 n'a point dérogé aux règles de compétence ; qu'en vertu des articles 3, 190 et 194 du code d'instruction criminelle, et 156 du décret du 18 juin 1811, l'action civile contre les prévenus civilement responsables peut être exercée pour le paiement des frais avancés par le trésor, en même temps et devant les mêmes juges que l'action publique contre les prévenus ; Attendu que la solidarité édictée par la loi citée de 1856, entre le gérant et les membres du conseil de surveillance, repousse toute division des deux actions ; qu'ainsi, par une conséquence naturelle de ce principe et de la corrélation des deux actions, le ministère public peut traduire si nécessairement devant la juridiction répressive le gérant, à raison de son délit, et les membres du conseil de surveillance comme civilement responsables des suites qu'a entraînées la violation de leur mandat légal; Attendu qu'on ne pourrait se prévaloir ici de ce qu'il n'y a point de partie civile au procès; que l'action du ministère public, en cette matière, qui est aussi d'intérêt général, ne saurait être subordonnée à la attitude privée, dont l'abstinence rendrait illusoire la sanction que le législateur de 1856 a précisément imposée dans le but de rendre désormais plus efficace le contrôle des conseils de surveillance; Que une interprétation contraire conduirait à priver les membres de ces conseils du droit d'intervenir dans des débats où se produiraient des incriminations compromettantes pour leur responsabilité; Que ainsi le comte Siméon a été valablement cité; Sur le second moyen opposé en son nom et tiré de sa qualité de sénateur: Attendu qu'en vertu du sénatus-consul du 4 juin 1858, les sénateurs ne sont justiciables de la haute cour que pour crime ou délit, ou pour contravention entraînant la peine de l'emprisonnement; Que si des considérations d'un ordre supérieur ont motivé des garanties exceptionnelles, lorsqu'une peine afflictive pourrait atteindre ces dignitaires, ils demeurent dans tous les autres cas soumis au droit commun; Qu'ici le comte Siméon n'a été cité qu'à fins civiles, à raison d'une responsabilité purement pécuniale; Que, sous ce second rapport aussi, la cour a donc été complètement saisie; Mais attendu, au fond, que l'acquittement du prévenu fait évanouir toute cause de responsabilité à l'égard du comte Siméon: Par ces motifs, La cour, statuant sur les appels respectifs, Rejette les conclusions susvisées du prévenu et le déclinatoire du comte Siméon. Au fond : L'Infirme le jugement rendu par le tribunal correctionnel de Paris le 11 juillet dernier; » Renvoie Mirès et le comte Siméon des fins de la poursuite, sans dépens; » Ordonne la mise en liberté de Mirès, s'il n'est détenu pour autre cause, » Donne main levée de la saisie des registres, livres, correspondances et papiers, faite, soit à la Caisse des chemins de fer, soit au domicile de Mirès, soit ailleurs; » Ordonne que le tout lui sera remis sans frais.» Un ingénieur de nos amis, qui a construit plus d'un pont, nous racontait qu'au début de sa carrière il avait eu affaire à un entrepreneur qui lui demandait comment on pouvait maçonner une pile au milieu d'une rivière sans en arrêter le cours. Le souvenir de cette conversation nous est revenu en lisant le livre de MM. Émile Vuignier et Fleur Saint-Denis sur le gigantesque travail dont nous avons raconté l'inauguration l'année dernière. Il s'agissait, sans détourner le Rhin, d'asseoir un pont entre Kehl et Strasbourg, et dans le partage de la besogne, la partie la plus délicate et la plus dangereuse, celle d'où dépend particulièrement la solidité de l'ouvrage, c'est-à-dire l'exécution des piles et culées, était échue aux ingénieurs français. La vitesse d'écoulement des eaux, leur profondeur, la variation de leur niveau constituaient autant de difficultés sinon entièrement nouvelles, du moins plus graves que celles dont l'art et l'industrie avaient eu à triompher jusqu'ici. Les ingénieurs de la compagnie de l'Est se mirent donc à l'œuvre. Divers modes d'exécution s'offraient à eux: on pouvait adopter le système des tubes en fonte, ou le système de fondation avec caissons en tôle sur lesquels on construit les maçonneries au fur et à mesure que les caissons eux-mêmes s'enfoncent. M. Fleur Saint-Denis avait eu la première idée de ce système; M. Émile Vuignier n'hésita point à l'adopter, prenant ainsi une responsabilité que le succès a justifiée, mais qui n'en fait pas moins honneur à ses prévisions hardies et à son amour du progrès. Les gens de l'art initiés aux difficultés de Pont sur le Rhin. cette entreprise ne se lassent pas d'admirer la célérité avec laquelle nos ingénieurs l'ont menée à bonne fin. Le livre de MM. Vuignier et Fleur Saint-Denis et les planches qui l'accompagnent entrent à ce sujet dans tous les détails nécessaires. La construction des caissons en fer, leur fonçage, les cheminées d'air et les cheminées d'eau, les machines à comprimer l'air forçant l'eau à reculer jusqu'à mettre à sec une profondeur de plus de 22 mètres, les moyens si nombreux et si variés que la science met tous les jours à la disposition de l'homme, sont expliqués non seulement aux gens techniques, mais encore aux simples curieux, avec cette clarté qui n'appartient guère qu'à ceux qui parlent de ce qu'ils ont fait. Quant à nous, pour éviter de tomber dans le défaut contraire, nous nous garderons bien d'entrer dans l'analyse du livre de MM. Vuignier et Fleur Saint-Denis; nous nous bornerons à le signaler à ceux qui, après avoir admiré, comme nous, le pont de Kehl, seraient bien aises d'apprendre comment s'est élevé ce monument qui a été pour l'ingénieur en chef de la compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est comme le complément d'une carrière des plus honorables et des mieux remplies. Taïle Delord. Le magasin de LA VILLE DE PARIS, 170, rue Montmartre, vient de mettre en vente à TRÈS BON MARCHÉ d'énormes quantités de JOLIES ÉTOFFES PERSES pour ameublement. ancienne maison audoye, 11, VII. ÎLE DE LA REINE, Chaussée-d'Antin, près le boulevard des Italiens. Mise en vente des grandes nouveautés de la saison. Choix considérable de rubans unis, écossais, chinés, etc. (dessins exclusifs à cet établissement). Grands assortiments de passementeries nouvelles pour ornements de robes et confections. Collections variées en gants de tous genres, voiles, coiffures, filets invisibles, modes et chapeaux de paille. Dépôt unique à Paris du gant Joséphine. — Les dames élégantes trouveront les plus jolies confections de la saison à la Régence, 15, boulevard Poissonnière. — société générale anonyme DE CRÉDIT INDUSTRIEL ET COMMERCIAL, 66, rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin. Les dépôts de fonds sont reçus à l'intérêt de 3 % par an. La société se charge gratuitement, au moyen des comptes de chèques, de tous les services de caisse des sociétés, négociants et particuliers. Elle délivre une notice sur le service des chèques et des comptes de dépôts et d'espèces. Le sénateur président, M. G. d'Audiffret. — À la Parfumerie du Progrès, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Martin, 47, à l'entresol, si connue pour ses prix réduits sur tous articles des principales fabriques, on en trouve un nouveau que tous ne sauront trop recommander: c'est le Papelitos (faux-cols ou manchettes), remplaçant le faux-col et les manchettes ordinaires et ne coûtant que 5 centimes seulement. — Fabrique de chapeaux de qualité supérieure, avec baisse de prix ; les formes sont les plus élégantes que l'on puisse imaginer. 3, r. Vivienne. — Le saccharure d'aconit, remède souverain de la toux, l'asthme, le calmal, la bronchite et l'enrouement, 1501, b. P. Béranger, 14, r. de la Paix. — Véritable succès de la pharmacie du Ciel-Girard, pour irritations, piuritisme, hémorragies, etc. Publicité des mariages du 20 au 27 avril. 5° arrondissement. M. Pavet, épicier, place Maubert, 19, et Mlle Delaye, château du Maine, 26.—M. Patureau, négociant, r. St-Victor, 137, et Mme Bornard, à la Ferté-sous-Jouarre (Seine et Marne). — M. Lolaisant, pharmacien, major en retraite, r. de Port-Royal, 14, et Mme Clipet, même maison. — M. Delamotte, maître de nouveautés, r. St-Victor, 12, et Mme Torquet, à Bolbec (Seine-Inférieure). — M. Margerie, maître d'habits, r. de Lacépède, 33, et Mme Gelly, r. Montmartre, 77.— M. Lefevre, notaire, à Dormans (Marne), et Mme Philippi, r. du Marché-aux-chevaux, 20. 6° arrondissement.—M. Beslay, avocat, r. de Seine, 12, et Mme de Roucy, à Amiens (Somme). — M. Cavaillé, ingénieur, r. de Condé, 10, et Mme Guichard, r. Montmartre, 176.—M. Thellier, architecte, r. de Bréa, passage Stanislas, 17, et Mme Faucheur, r. Augustin, 4.—M. Denogeant, restaurateur, r. Bonaparte, 72, et Despoulains, avenue du Bel-Air, 38. — M. Robinet, rentier, r. de l'Abbaye-St-Germain, 3, et Mme de Venoge, à Epernay (Marne). — M. Brunet, capitaine au corps d'état-major, rue Servandoni, 8, et Mme Salomé, r. de l'Ouest, 9.—M. Courrége, épicier, r. Ste-Marguerite, 10. et M. Le Rochon, à Longny (Oise). Bécek et tabamatons r. des Vertus, 14.— M. Julien, 90 ans, r. des Francs, Bourgeois, 7.— Mme veuve Decliaud, 42 ans, r. Maubru, 22.— Mme veuve Payrard, 44, quai Napoléon, 21.— Mme veuve Molinier, 23 ans, r. Rambuteau, 33.— M. Carré, 45 ans, r. des Francs Bourgeois, 11.— Mme veuve Binet, 88 ans, place Royale, 8.— Mme Ulliac, 68 ans, r. des Fossés St-Vincent, 39. — M. Barberon, 51 ans, rue Descartes, 5.— M. Dionis du Séjour, 65 ans, r. Saviède, 5 — M. Ducis, 59 ans, r. de Sèvres, 16 — M. Lai, 16 ans, r. Monsieur, 12.— Mme Lesmoulin, 58 ans, r. Miroménil, 70.— Mme Gautier, 67 ans, r. Montoison, 3 — M. Durand, 29 ans, r. Haudriettes, 53. — Mme Thorin, 31 ans, r. des Marais, 20. — M. Daubouret, 51 ans, r. Lafayette, 105.— Mme Gaugain, 19 ans, r. du Faubourg St-Denis, 105.— M. Ladré, 45 ans, r. St-Pierre, 26. — M. Chacault, 50 ans, r. Louis-Philippe, 17.— M. de Germoy, 36 ans, r. de Luxembourg, 94.— M. Gabalde, 65 ans, r. Singer, 38 — Mme veuve Nungent, 63 ans, r. Circulaire, 13.— M. Bidault, 60 ans, r. Truffaut, 44.— M. Leneutre, 65 ans, avenue des Ternes, 30,— M. Croquefer, 55 ans, impasse St-Laurent, 17. — M. Lémon, 10 ans, r. Dénoyez, 5.— M. Dumas, 84 ans, r. Ménilmontant, 60. — M. Mauri, 42 ans, r. du Chaudron, 16. L'opéra français Le Misanthrope, de Pirandello, est repris avec succès. Le Joaillier de St James et Norma, opéra italien, sont également très appréciés. Les opéras lyriques Boursouffle, l'Idole, le Mur, le Médecin, sont également joués avec maîtrise. La Chatte merveilleuse, de Colin, est un succès au théâtre bouffes. Les pièces de vaudeville MM. Dunanan, la Bonne, les Petits Oiseaux, le Vrai courage, sont admirées par le public. Au gymnase, La perle noire, Après le bal, la Poudre, sont des succès. Mon ami, le Furet, le Domestiqué, sont également appréciés. Les Volontaires de 1814, de Dalayrac, sont joués avec maîtrise. L'Enfant de la Fronde, d'André Messager, est un succès. La Bouquetière des Innocents, au cirque impérial, est très appréciée. La Cocarde, de J.-B. Molière, est jouée avec maîtrise. Stella, de Deburau, est un succès. La Rosière, les Chevaliers, au Théâtre des Vélodromes, sont admirés par le public. Gare l'eau, de René Puaux, est un succès. L'Honneur et l'argent, l'Épée, au grenelle, sont joués avec maîtrise. La Fille du paysan, de Richebourg, est très appréciée. La Bouquetière des Innocents, au cirque Napoléon, est un succès. Le spectacle équestre, de Robert-Houdin, au boulevard des Italiens, est très apprécié. Tous les soirs à 8 heures. Les dimanches, lundis et fêtes, à 2 h. et à 8 h. Château Rouge - Soirées musicales et dansantes dimanches, lundis, jeudis et fêtes. Château des Fleurs - Soirées dansantes, dimanches, lundis, mercredis, vendredis. L'Abbaye - Dimanche, mardi, jeudi, samedi. Valentino - Soirées dansantes et musicales les mardis, jeudis, samedis et dimanches. Bal Pilote, rue de la Douane - Lundi, mercredi, vendredi, dimanche. Manicardi, rue de la Ferme-des-Mathurins, 47 - Tous les soirs, à 8 heures, prestidigitation. L'un des plus grands magiciens, Paris - Imp. J. Voisvnel, rue du Croissard, 10. Adjudication. DIVERS IMMEUBLES. Adjudication, même sur une enchère, en la chambre des notaires de Paris, le 6 mai 1862, 1° D'une grande propriété à Paris, rues de Rouen, Caumartin, Bondreau et Trudon. — Contenance, 1,718 mètres environ.—Mise à prix, 800.000 fr. 2° De la ferme d'Achères. cantons de Saint-Germain-en-Laye et Poissyy (Seine-et-Oise). — contenance, 243 hectares 15 a. 41 c..- Mise à prix, 450.000 fr. 3° D'une maison à Paris, rue Saint-Merry, 32, louée 800 fr.— Mise à prix, 130,000 fr. 4° D'une maison à Metz, place d'Austerlitz, 32, jouissant de 4,000 fr.—Mise à prix; 60.000 fr. S'adresser : à Paris, à M° Péan de Saint-Gilles, notaire, 2, rue de Choiseul, dépositaire des titres et du cahier des charges, et à M° Tandeau de Marceau, notaire, place DIulphine, 23; — à Metz, à M° Chabas de Gennes, place d'Austerlitz, 32. VENTE, même sur une seule enchère, le 29 avril 1852, de : une maison et jardin à Paris-Belleville, rue des Rigoles, n° 30. Revenu évalué à 700 fr. Mise à prix, 6,000 fr. ; - une maison et jardin au bois de Romainville, revenant du Tapis-Vert, n° 10. Revenu évalué 800 fr. Mise à prix, 8,000 fr. Une maison et cour vitrée à Paris-Belleville, rue des Arts, n° 5. Revenu, 800 fr. Mise à prix, 4,000 fr. S'adresser à M° G. Zoli, notaire à Paris, grande rue de Belleville, 81. Chemin-Vert, à vendre aux enchères, sur la voie à prix de 1,500 fr., en l'étude de M° Weiss, notaire à Courbevoie (Seine), le dimanche 27 avril 1862, à midi. S'adresser audit M° Weiss, notaire. À vendre (même sur une seule enchère), en la chambre des notaires de Paris, le 6 mai 1852, une maison de campagne sise à Saint-Maur, rue des Boutiers, n. 3. Mise à prix, 14,000 francs. S'adresser à M. E.Bertrand, notaire, rue J.-J. Rousseau, 11. Beaujanin 1 7110 hectares propre à l'établissement d'une usine ou d'une propriété de rapport ou d'agrément, Situé territoire de Puteaux (Seine), rue de Saint-Germain, à 200 mètres de la grande rue de Paris à Saint-Germain et à 500 mètres du pont de Neuilly. PROPRIETÉ DE PRODUIT À VENDRE 27, rue des Artistes, 27, au carrefour de la rue de Fontaine, 75009 Paris, XIIe arrondissement, à adjuger, même sur une enchère, en la chambre des notaires de Paris, le mardi 6 mai 1862. Produit, 5,860 fr. — Mise à prix, 6,200 fr. — S'adresser à M. Trepagné, notaire; quai de l’École, 8, près le pont Neuf. JOLI HÔTEL À PASSY Adjudication (sur une enchère) en la chambre des notaires de Paris, le 6 mai 1862, à midi, d'un joli hôtel, situé à Paris-Passy, rue de la Tour, 26, ayant un calorifère, cour et jardin. Contenance, 610 mètres. — Mise à prix, 80,000 fr. S'adresser sur les lieux, et à M. Amy, notaire à Paris (Passy), rue Franklin 12. DES PRIX À SLA ALAIN Le samedi 4 juin 1862, à partir de 14 h., ventre par adjudication, en l'étude et par le ministère de M. Roux, notaire à Nemours, des propriétés en jardins et en eldés, sis à Saint-Pierre, à la porte de Nemours et aux abords de la station du chemin de fer. S'adresser audit M. Roux, notaire. BELLE SAISON À DRAVEIL, Seine-et-Oise (lignes de Lyon et d'Orléans), comprenant : maison de maître, composée de salon, salon de marbre, cuisine, officine, salle de billard, dix chambres à coucher, vastes communs, écurie, sellerie, remise, serre, orangerie, etc.; Jardins anglais et potager ; contenance, 7,000 mètres — à vendre aux enchères, le 5 mai 1862, en l'étude de M. Savouré, notaire à Vitry-le François. Mise à prix, 45,000 fr. On traitera dès gré à gré avant l'adjudication. PROPRIÉTÉ, adjudication non, ns i/moin., s -t 5bfo 123 OT. BUREAU FORMIUM, 30, 3. Le s M. Adjudication (même sur une enchère) en la chambre des notaires, le 6 mit 1882. Prix, 140 030 fr. M. Huë-D'ARIAN, notaire, r:tt* he .Tnuy, 9. Adjudication en la chambre des notaires de Paris. Même sur une seule enchère, le 6 mai 1862, D'une propriété sise à Paris 17e arrondissement, rue de Courcelle, 9, près la station de Courcelles, contenant 2,132 mètres. Mise à prix, 125,000 fr. C. deser M. Verdon de la Miirlière, à Paris, 6. et à M. Arthur Potier de la Paris, rue Saint-Ferdinand-des-Ternes, 10. PROPRIÉTÉ, BIEN. Adjudication le 11 mai 1862, à deux heures, (.'iM's. on l'article de M. Thomas, notaire à Poitou, et par le ministère du sieur mp Thomas et de M. de Vigny, notaire à l'arrondissement de Poitiers, sur la propriété de Vaillant, sise communément à 4 kilomètres de Poitiers, contenant 5 hectares de terre labourable, un manoir, serres, vins communs, garage basé en marbre, bâtiments et espaces potagers, lits et meubles, et près, contenant 10 hectares. En six lots qui pourront et seront séparés. Lot 1: Château et de l'pédan. Lot 2: 10 hectares près. Lots 3 à 6: Vignes. Mises à prix, de 80 c. à 1 fr. le mètre. On pourra traiter avant l'adjudication. S'adresser-hier sur le lieu pour visiter et prendre les renseignements aux sieurs M. Brun et Thomas.

github_open_source_100_8_19892

Github OpenSource

Various open source

using System; using Generator.Equals; using Omnius.Core.Avalonia; using Omnius.Xeus.Intaractors.Models; namespace Omnius.Xeus.Ui.Desktop.ViewModels { [Equatable] public partial class DownloadingFileViewModel : BindableBase, ICollectionViewModel<DownloadingFileViewModel, DownloadingFileReport> { private DownloadingFileReport? _model; public DownloadingFileViewModel() { } public DownloadingFileViewModel(DownloadingFileReport? model) { this.Model = model; } public void Update(DownloadingFileReport? model) { this.Model = model; } public DownloadingFileReport? Model { get => _model; set { this.SetProperty(ref _model, value); this.RaisePropertyChanged(null); } } public string Name => this.Model?.Seed.Name ?? ""; public DateTime CreationTime => this.Model?.CreationTime ?? DateTime.MinValue; public DownloadingFileState State => this.Model?.State ?? DownloadingFileState.Unknown; } }

US-99662506-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Firing support for ceramics and method for obtaining same ABSTRACT The invention relates to a firing support for ceramics formed from a carbon substrate at least partially covered by a coating based on silicon carbide (SiC), said coating additionally adhering to said substrate. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining such a support. The present invention relates to a support for firing ceramic parts, especially ones made of silicon carbide. It relates more particularly to a carbon support coated with silicon carbide and also to the process for obtaining such a support. During sintering, ceramic parts must generally undergo steps of firing at very high temperature, especially above 1500° C., or even above 2000° C. Supports suitable for these high temperatures are used and chosen from the most refractory materials. A high thermal shock resistance is also an essential property for the application of a material as a firing support. Carbon, in particular in its graphite form, is thus employed due to its extremely high melting point, which is above 3000° C. The self-lubricating properties of graphite, due to the weakness of the bonds between the carbon atoms of two successive layers are also appreciated in this type of application as they generally make it possible to avoid or at least limit bonding with the material to be sintered. High-temperature bonding phenomena between graphite and certain ceramic materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) have however been observed, in particular for firing temperatures exceeding 1800° C., resulting in a decrease of the yield, the debonding, besides the time used for this maneuver, being capable of damaging the ceramic part and/or the graphite support. The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by providing a novel type of firing support for ceramics. One subject of the invention is a firing support for ceramics formed from a carbon substrate at least partially covered by a coating based on silicon carbide (SiC) mainly crystallized in the alpha form (α—SiC), said coating additionally adhering to said substrate. This is because the inventors have found that the contact between the ceramic parts to be fired, in particular those made of silicon carbide, and a support having a surface that is itself made of silicon carbide does not generate any bonding, even at temperatures as high as 1800° C. This result is particularly surprising, as it was instead expected that the chemical similarity between the support and the part to be fired would result, during the firing, in a sintering that would lead to an irremediable bonding between these two components. The silicon carbide of the coating of the support according to the invention is crystallized in the alpha form, this form having the strongest chemical resistance. The term “coating” should be understood in the sense of the present invention to mean a layer deposited on the substrate and therefore forming an overthickness with respect to said substrate. In order to avoid any bonding, the coating based on silicon carbide advantageously contains at least 90% by weight of silicon carbide. Preferably, it is even composed of silicon carbide that is pure or almost pure except for unavoidable impurities. The SiC layer may however contain other carbides, such as for example boron carbide B₄C, in amounts that do not exceed 10%, or even 5%. The SiC layer preferably does not contain alumina (Al₂O₃) or zirconia (ZrO₂), on the one hand due to the discrepancy between their expansion coefficient (of the order of 7.5 to 8.5×10⁻⁶/° C.) and that of carbon or of SiC (of the order of 4 to 5×10⁻⁶/° C.) which generates thermomechanical stresses between the substrate and the coating and therefore a weak adhesion and, on the other hand, due to the fact that these oxides react chemically with the silicon carbide. Zirconia may, for example, be reduced by the silicon carbide, creating cracks in the coating. Alumina is itself capable of reacting with the silicon carbide, resulting in the formation of secondary phases that are unstable at high temperature. The coating based on silicon carbide preferably has a porosity between 10 and 65%, preferably between 30 and 50%. This is because the inventors have observed that this porosity range makes it possible to obtain a high thermal shock resistance, which is particularly appreciable for the application as a firing support, while not lessening the performance in terms of bonding with the ceramic part to be fired. The coating according to the invention preferably has a microstructure in which silicon carbide particles are joined together by bridges that are themselves made of silicon carbide. The thickness of the coating based on silicon carbide is preferably greater than or equal to 500 microns, especially greater than or equal to 1 millimeter, in order to give the coating a good dimensional stability. The carbon substrate is advantageously in the form of graphite, especially of the isotropic type. Another subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing such a support, and in particular a process for depositing a coating based on SiC onto a carbon substrate, preferably in the graphite form, comprising at least one step of depositing particles of silicon carbide (SiC) as the main precursor of silicon followed by at least one step of firing at a temperature between 2100° C. and 2450° C. under a nonoxidizing atmosphere. This process makes it possible to obtain a coating based on silicon carbide, of which the porosity is between 10 and 65%, especially between 30 and 50%, which adheres particularly well to the carbon substrate and has good chemical resistance and abrasion resistance properties. The expression “silicon precursor” should be understood in the sense of the present invention to mean any substance (metal, oxide, carbide, halide, nitride, organometallic compound, etc.) that allows silicon atoms to be incorporated into the coating. Silicon precursors may be, for example, the metal Si, the oxide SiO₂, the carbide SiC or the halide SiCl₄. The expression “main” precursor should be understood to mean that among the precursors used to incorporate silicon atoms into the coating, silicon carbide is that present in the largest amount by weight. In order to improve the abrasion resistance properties of moving parts, it is known to deposit thin films of silicon carbide onto graphite parts of complex shape, such as tubes, by the CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) process from gaseous silicon precursors such as SiCl₄. This process does not however make it possible to obtain a satisfactory adhesion between the carbon substrate and the silicon carbide. The thermal shock resistance of the parts coated with silicon carbide by CVD is moreover too low, in any case insufficient for an application as a firing support for ceramics. The inventors have demonstrated the fact that this low thermal shock resistance could be attributed to the high density (low porosity) of coatings formed by CVD. There are also processes known as “CVR” (Chemical Vapor Reaction) processes in which metallic silicon (Si), used as a silicon precursor, is deposited in the form of a slip or by CVD onto a graphite substrate then fired at around 1600° C. The silicon that is liquefied penetrates into the pores of the graphite, a surface layer of the graphite part being enriched with silicon carbide, and consequently having a higher abrasion resistance than that of graphite. The material obtained by this type of processes is a composite in which the upper layer of the graphite is converted to graphite containing silicon carbide particles. It is not therefore a carbon material having a coating based on silicon carbide, in the sense that the word “coating” is understood within the scope of the present invention. This type of process has already been used to create an upper layer of graphite that has good adhesion with the silicon carbide subsequently deposited by CVD and thus to solve the aforementioned technical problem of low adhesion between the carbon and the silicon carbide deposited by CVD. U.S. Pat. No. 5,545,484 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,925,577 describe, for example, a two-step process: during the first step, a silicon layer is deposited on a graphite support then heated so that the silicon penetrates into the pores of the surface part of the graphite and forms silicon carbide in these pores; in a second step, silicon carbide is deposited above this surface part by CVD. In this complex process, the first step is necessary to obtain a layer of silicon carbide that adheres sufficiently to the carbon substrate. Since the silicon carbide coating is deposited by CVD at temperatures of around 1400° C. to 1600° C., the silicon carbide obtained cannot be, even partially, crystallized in the alpha form. A process called “pack cementation” is also known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,536,574 in which the surface part of the carbon substrate is converted to silicon carbide. This is therefore not a process of depositing a coating based on silicon carbide, as the silicon carbide obtained does not form an overthickness relative to the initial carbon substrate. This process uses close contact between the carbon substrate and a mixture of particles of silicon carbide, of alumina and of silicon and heating the assembly at temperatures between 1370 and 1650° C. The main silicon precursor here is silicon carbide but, considering the temperatures involved, the silicon carbide formed cannot be in alpha form. The process according to the invention is therefore differentiated from known processes in that it is simpler and in that it makes it possible to obtain an adherent coating based on silicon carbide crystallized in the alpha form, of which the porosity is between 10 and 65%, the main silicon precursor being itself silicon carbide. At temperatures greater than or equal to 2100° C., the silicon carbide particles recrystallize to form a layer based on SiC in alpha form (α—SiC), which has a suitable porosity, is homogeneous and adheres to the subjacent graphite substrate. The coating obtained by this process has a microstructure in which the silicon carbide particles are joined together by bridges that are themselves made of silicon carbide. The nonoxidizing (neutral or reducing) atmosphere is essential in order to avoid any oxidation of the silicon carbide. Firing is preferably carried out under a neutral atmosphere, especially under argon. According to one preferred embodiment that results in an improvement of the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, the Si and/or SiO₂ compounds are moreover used as silicon precursors, the main precursor always being SiC. It is particularly preferred that the only silicon precursors are the components below in the following proportions by weight, relative to the total weight of silicon precursors: SiC 70 to 100%; Si  0 to 25%; SiO₂  0 to 10%. This family of compositions has specifically an optimum adhesion between the coating based on silicon carbide and the carbon substrate. A particularly suitable porosity is obtained when 40 to 80 wt % of the SiC particles have a diameter greater than or equal to 10 microns, the median diameter of this particle size fraction being less than 300 microns. Too high a proportion of fine particles moreover results in a drop in the mechanical strength, especially the appearance of cracks on firing. The silicon precursors, in pulverulent form, may be deposited directly on to the carbon substrate in the form of powder beds. For ease of forming, they are however advantageously introduced by means of a slip or a slurry, the solvent then preferably being water. The amount of water is adjusted as a function of the viscosity of the slurry or of the slip. A slip containing between 10 and 20% of the total weight of silicon precursors is preferred for ease of use reasons. The slip or the slurry advantageously and in addition contains one or more compounds chosen from deflocculants such as alkali metal silicates (especially sodium silicates), binders such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), plasticizers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), the total weight content of these compounds not exceeding 5%, especially 2% of the total weight of silicon precursors. Various processes for depositing the slip or the slurry on the carbon substrate can be envisaged, such as depositing with a scraper, with a trowel, with a brush or else by spraying. The weight of slip deposited, adjusted as a function of the thickness of the desired coating, is preferably between 10 and 200 mg of solids per cm² of substrate. Amounts of 20 to 80 mg/cm² are preferred. The process according to the invention preferably comprises a drying step prior to firing. This drying step advantageously makes it possible to reduce the amount of bound water to less than 1% of the weight of the coating. The drying preferably comprises two steps, one at ambient temperature and in air for a period ranging from 2 hours to 24 hours, the second in an oven at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 200° C. for a period of 2 hours to 12 hours. Microwave drying or stoving is also possible. The thickness of the coating is adjusted due to the amount of slip deposited, or alternatively using several deposition and firing cycles. The firing step preferably comprises a temperature rise following a ramp of 5 to 50° C./minute, then a hold for a period which may range from 5 minutes to 5 hours at the maximum temperature, between 2100° C. and 2450° C. Another subject of the invention is a firing support for ceramics capable of being obtained by the process according to the invention. A final subject of the invention is the use of a firing support according to the invention for firing parts made of silicon carbide (SiC) at above 1800° C. The invention will be better understood on reading the following exemplary embodiments, which illustrate the invention without however limiting it. EXAMPLE 1 A firing support made of carbon of isotropic graphite type, having a density of 1.74 and having a porosity of 12% was coated with silicon carbide according to the process described below. Preparation of the SiC-Based Slip Particles of silicon carbide having a purity greater than 98% and having a particle size distribution such that 70 wt % of the particles had a diameter greater than 10 microns, the median diameter of this particle size fraction being less than 300 microns were kneaded for 15 minutes with distilled water, sodium silicate and fumed silica (SiO₂) having a median diameter less than 1 micron. Added to the mixture obtained were a 15% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a 10% aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Kneading for around 10 minutes made it possible to obtain a homogeneous slip of which the pH was around 9 and the moisture content was 18%. The slip contained, as silicon precursors, both 90 wt % silicon carbide (SiC) and 10 wt % silica (SiO₂), these percentages being relative to the total amount of silicon precursors in the coating. The amount of water added to these precursors was 15 wt %, the sodium silicate being added up to 0.8%, the PVA solution up to 0.5% and the PEG solution also up to 0.5%. All the percentages given are relative to the total amount by weight of silicon precursors. Depositing and Firing the Slip The slip was deposited on the graphite substrate using a scraper, in an amount of around 40 mg of solids per cm². Drying for a period of 12 hours was carried out at ambient temperature and in air, followed by a drying step in an oven at 120° C. for around 6 hours. The firing of the slip then took place in a furnace under an argon atmosphere at a temperature above 2100° C. The firing step comprised a step of increasing the temperature at a rate of 10° C./minute followed by a step of holding at the maximum temperature for 2 hours. The coating obtained had a thickness of around 500 microns and perfect adhesion to the graphite substrate. The SiC was crystallized in the alpha form. EXAMPLE 2 This exemplary embodiment only differed from the preceding one in the composition of the silicon precursors used for forming the coating, the SiC particles representing 75 wt % of the precursors, the other precursor being silicon (Si) powder, of which the median diameter was 4 microns and of which the purity was greater than 98.5%. FIG. 1 illustrates the microstructure of the coating obtained. It is a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photo showing on the far left hand side the graphite substrate (nonporous) and at the center the silicon carbide coating (porous) forming an overthickness on the substrate. The interface is itself very clean, which is evidence of a very low interdiffusion between the substrate and the coating. EXAMPLE 3 Comparative In this comparative example, no coating was formed on the graphite substrate. Bonding Test A sample of silicon carbide was deposited on the support according to the invention (examples 1 and 2) or on to the graphite support (example 3), the assembly then being brought to 1900° C. under an argon atmosphere. After this firing step, observation of the bonding was both visual (observation of a possible reaction zone between the support and the fired part) and tactile (feeling of resistance when removing the part by hand). In the case of example 3, a reaction zone was observed level with the zone of contact between the graphite support and the SiC part, and a resistance was perceived during the separation of these two components. On the other hand, no start of bonding was observed in the case where the support used was a support according to examples 1 and 2. The invention therefore has the advantage of obtaining a firing support that is perfectly stable and inert with respect to ceramic such as silicon carbide for firing temperatures of 1800° C. or more. The preceding description allows some possible embodiments of the invention to be illustrated. It is clearly understood that this description is not however limiting and that a person skilled in the art is able to carry out other variants of the invention without however departing from its scope. 1: A firing support for ceramics formed from a carbon substrate at least partially covered by a coating based on silicon carbide (SiC), said coating additionally adhering to said substrate, characterized in that the silicon carbide is mainly crystallized in alpha form (α—SiC). 2. The support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating based on silicon carbide contains at least 90% silicon carbide. 3. The support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coating based on silicon carbide is greater than or equal to 500 microns. 4. The support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating based on silicon carbide has a porosity between 10 and 65%, preferably between 30 and 50%. 5. The support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon substrate is in the form of graphite. 6. A process for depositing a coating based on SiC onto a carbon substrate, comprising at least one step of depositing particles of silicon carbide (SiC) as the main precursor of silicon followed by at least one step of firing at a temperature between 2100° C. and 2450° C. under a nonoxidizing atmosphere. 7. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carbon substrate is of graphite form. 8. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the atmosphere during firing is neutral. 9. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein Si and/or SiO₂ are additionally used as silicon precursors. 10. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the only silicon precursors are the components below in the following proportions by weight, relative to the total weight of silicon precursors: SiC 70 to 100%; Si  0 to 25%; SiO₂  0 to 10%. 11. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein 40 to 80 wt % of the SiC particles have a diameter greater than or equal to 10 microns, the median diameter of this particle size fraction being less than or equal to 300 microns. 12. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the silicon precursors are introduced by means of an aqueous slip or slurry. 13. The process as claimed in claim 12, wherein the slip or slurry additionally contains one or more compounds chosen from deflocculants, binders, and plasticizers, the total weight content of these compounds not exceeding 5% of the total weight of silicon precursors. 14. A method for firing parts made of silicon carbide (SiC) at above 1800° C. characterized in that the method uses a firing support as claimed in claim 1..

github_open_source_100_8_19893

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package com.tgt.crm.webflux.client; import com.tgt.crm.webflux.vo.QueryResponse; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient; import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientResponseException; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; @Service @Slf4j public class SalesforceClient { private static final String SF_BASE_URL = "/services/data/v51.0"; private static final String SF_QUERY_URL = SF_BASE_URL + "/query?q={query}"; private final WebClient salesforceWebClient; public SalesforceClient(@Qualifier("sfWebClient") final WebClient salesforceWebClient) { this.salesforceWebClient = salesforceWebClient; } public Mono<QueryResponse> executeQuery(final String query) { log.info("executing query to Salesforce: {}", query); return salesforceWebClient .get() .uri(SF_QUERY_URL, query) .retrieve() .bodyToMono(QueryResponse.class) .doOnError( err -> err instanceof WebClientResponseException, err -> log.error( "error message: {}", ((WebClientResponseException) err).getResponseBodyAsString())) .doOnSuccess(response -> log.info("query response: {}", response)); } }

github_open_source_100_8_19894

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import React from "react"; import { configure, shallow } from "enzyme"; import Adapter from "enzyme-adapter-react-16"; import toJson from "enzyme-to-json"; import renderer from "react-test-renderer"; import { Link } from 'react-router-dom' import PageNav from "../../../src/client/components/navbars/PageNav.jsx"; configure({ adapter: new Adapter() }); describe('React PageNav unit tests', () => { describe('PageNav', () => { let wrapper; const props = { currPage: "keyspace" } beforeAll(() => { wrapper = shallow(<PageNav props={...props}/>) }) it('renders a div with id of pageNavContainer', () => { expect(wrapper.find('pageNavContainer').find('div')) }) it('renders a Link to /', () => { expect(wrapper.toContainReact(<Link to='/'>Keyspace</Link>)) }) it('renders a Link to /events', () => { expect(wrapper.toContainReact(<Link to='/events'>Events</Link>)) }) it('renders a Link to /graphs', () => { expect(wrapper.toContainReact(<Link to='/graphs'>Graphs</Link>)) }) }) })

in.ernet.dli.2015.222644_19

English-PD

Public Domain

Tlie number of eggs is rather variable, but is always great, ami on an average, some ten or twelve eggs can be found in a nest. Tluiy are so small and so fragile that the novice finds great difficulty in emptying them without breaking their delicate shells. This task may, however, be accomplished with perfect ease and safety if managed in the right way. Each egg should be enveloped in repeated wrappers of silver paper, soaked in a solution of gum arabic, one layer being allowed to dry before the next is added. When they are dry, a little hole is easily drilled on one side by means of a needle, the contents of the egg are then broken up with the same needle, and are then washed out by injcicting water through a very delicate glass tube. Any one can make these slender tubes by merely taking a piece of ordinary glass tubing, heating it in a spirit lamp, and drawing tlie ends apart. It may then be broken off to form a tube of any degree of fineness, and by alternate injection of water and sucking the diluted contents into the tube, the egg will soon be emptied. We have another well-known bird, which makes a nest as well domed as that of the long-tailed titmouse, though not nearly so pretty nor so elegant. This is the common Magpie {Pica can- data) which is one of the very handsomest birds that are indi- genous to England. Popularly, the Magpie is thought to be only black and whihi; in reality there is scarcely a black feather about the bird, its plumage being adorned with steel blue, green, and purple of such intensity that, in certain lights they appear to be jetty black. I may here mention that the wings and tail of the Magpie can be made into beautiful fire-screens, which are light and elegant as well as brilliantly coloured. The nest of the Magpie is of very large size when compared with the dimensions of the architect, probably on account of the long tail of the mother bird, which cannot be protruded over the edge of the nest, as is the case with many long-tailed birds. It is not merely made of moss and similar soft substances, but the Tamework is very strongly constructed of sticks, among which are generally interwoven a number of sliarj) thorns, so that the nest is nearly as unpleasant to the hare hand as a 'thistle. Moreover, the bird has a way of gathering the tliorns round the entmnce, so that the hand cannot he inserted into the nest without danger of many wounds. Indeed, the nest is so large, and the eggs lie so far from the entrance, that to extract them is generally a task that cannot he acconijdished without the aid of a knife. Besides the thorny defence, the nest is mostly strengthened by its very position, being generally tixed in tlni furcation of seve]*al stout houghs, so that it can only he ap])roa(jhed in cc'.rtain parts. Moreover, the great height at which the Magpie loves 1o build the nest renders the operation of rt^hhing it so dangerous, that many a nest escapes because no one has nerve enough 1o risk the ascent. The position of the nest, too, conceals its true form so wtdl, that a very i)ractis(;d (‘vi^ is iieeded tt) disiinguisli it fj’oni an ordinary swelling of the hough, or from tlH? lK‘a])s of dislodg(‘(l twigs which arc so often found in the forked ])rjin(hes of tives. Deserted nests arc very common, and during my hirds-iu'sting days, I have frccpiently been disa])})ointcd to lind that Jiflm* all the trouble of ascending a lofty tree, the iu‘.st was cmipty, and had clearly he.en deserted for a year or two. Somelinu'.s ilM‘, in^st is occupied by other creatures, and in some ])arts of llie country, the pine marten has been known to tak(5 ])ossessioji of a d<‘S(‘rted Magpie’s best, and to lie therein quite unsuspected until driviai out by some accident. Although a lofty trcic is mostly ch()S(‘n by the Magpie, such is not invariably the case, for now and tlu-n a low tree, or even a bush, is selected. In any case, howevc'.r, tlie, branches are sure to be thickly set, so that the nest may be firmly hold among the boughs. ANOTiiEUof our feathered dome-builders is the common {Trofjlodytcs vulgaris). The form and colouring of tin's bird ar(*. too well known to need description, and we shall tla'.reforc pass at once to its mode of nesting. The Wren is rather peculiar in its riiethod of constructing the nest, for though it can build a dome wlimi there is need for it, and generally does so, it docs not always choose to take so much trouble, but coi)t(ints itself with an op(ui nest arched ovcir by a 334 HOMES WITHOUT HANDS. natural dome;. Wherever it can find a convenient cavity, it will make its nest therein, building either no dome at all, or one of very flimsy construction, and such nests can generally be found in the holes of ivy-covered walls, under eaves, or among the thickly growing branches of fir-trees. During the time when the Wren is building its nest, its loud, cheerful voice is lieard in full perfection, and so full and powerful are its tones that the tiny bird seems hardly able to produce them. It is but a short song, and is little varied, the bird repeat- ing nearly the same melody time after lime witliin a few minutes. The long-drawn song of the nightingale, or the mellow notes of the thrush, are beyond the pow(;r of the Wren, but there are few birds whose song is more enlivening, or which add so much to tlie pleasure; of a country walk. Besides the more formal song, tlif! Wi’cn h.'is a pretty little monosyllabic chirp, which it utters as it ])0])S about the hedg(;s with its peculiar movements, drop- ping and ascending again with restless activity. The bird is so bold, too, that it will perch on a branch or a paling within a yard or two of the observer, and pour forth its bright song without displaying the least alarm. As to the materials of the nest, the bird is in no way fastidious, and generally seems to regard quantity rather than quality. (Irasses of various kinds usually form the bulk of the nest, togtdher with mosses, lichens, and similar substances. Withered leavc;s are generally worked into the nest, and I have more than once found specimens whicli wore almost wliolly composed of leaves. Tlie size of the nest is wonderfully large, when the diineiisions of the liny architect are taken into consideration, and however large may be the hole in which the Wren makes ils nest, it is nearly filled with the mass of grass, leaves, and wool wldch the Wi‘i;n has conveyed into it. The interior of the iK'st is always warmly lined, sometimes with feathers, and some- times with liair, and in the lining are generally some six or eight little eggs, nc'arly white, and cov^ered with very minute red specks. Probably, the very large mass of material is employed in order to defend so small a bird from the inclemency of the season, for the Wren stays with us throughout the year, and in the winter time resides in the same nest which was used as a breeding place duriiig the summer. If an old ivy-covered wall, or a haystack, or an ohl house, be examined at night, there will often be found THK HOUSK WHEN. 335 certain false nests in which the Wren hides itself. Th(‘S(* curious edifices are raised by the Wren, though they are ncxov used for the legitimate object of a nest, and the reason of their construction is not very evident. In all probability they are the work of young and inexperienced nest-builders, who begin to make their home, and when they have proceeded with their work, find that the locality is unsuitable, and that tliey must lind another spot. The juvenile bird-nester is often woefully dis- appointed by finding these nests, especially if he finds thrc‘e or four in a single wall or stack, as is not unfrequently the ease'. As is the case with the redbreast and one or two of our Tnor(i familiar birds, the Wren will sometimes enter houses and build its nest in curtains, on shelves, and similar localities, while the interior of a disused greenhouse or stabk'. loft is nearly sure to bo tiaioaitcd by a Wren and its little brood. An allied bird, the IIoxtse Ween of hTortlieni America {Troglo- dijtcs ctdon), has very ipucli the same halu’ts, and will gcjierally take possession of any box tliat is naihsl on a wall, or a post where a cat cannot rtiach it. On account of, ])r()ha]>ly, the bird- eating snakes, wliich are ])lentifiil in that country, the materials of the nest are much stronger than in hiiigland, and consist g(‘n(‘rally of twigs and sticks on the exterior and feathers within. Wilson mentions that on a hot Juno day, ri mower happeiuul to hang np his coat in a shed, and left it there for two or three (hiys. When he removed it from the nail on which it had hung, and was putting it on, he found one of the sleeves quite chohe.d up witli sticks, grass, and feathers, being the completed nest of a House Wren, The unfortunate little tircJiitects were very angry with the man for disturhing their home, and followed him out of the shed, scolding him for the damage which lie had unwittingly done to their newly-finished Iiome. Happily for the little bird, the popular feeling is in faviuir of its preservation, and in many a garden there is a box for the House Wren, carefully mounted on a pole like one of our h'urnd pigeon-cotes, and eacli box having only a little liole ])y way of (uitiance, so that no larger and more powerful bird sliould he able to usurp the comfortable little house. In default of a box, however, the House Wren will put up with very poor accom- modation, and make its nest in an old liat nailed under the eaves f;f a house, or in a ilower pot, or in a hollow cocoa-nut or gourd S36 HOMES WITHOUT HANDS. There is wisdom as well as kindness in providing a home for the House Wren, for it is one of the insect-eating birds, and when it is thus suited with a house, it remains near the spot, to the manifest advantage of the herbs and fruit. Of this little bird Wilson gives an interesting anecdote. " A box fixed up in the window of the room where I slept was taken possession of by a pair of Wrens. Already the nest was built and two eggs laid, when one day, the window being open, as well as the room door, the female Wren, venturing too far into the room to reconnoitre, was sprung upon by grimalkin, who had planted liersclf there for the purpose, and before relief could be given, was destroyed. Curious to see how the survivor would demean himself, I watched him carefully for several days. At first he sang with great vivacity for an hour or so, but becoming weary, went off for half an hour ; on his return he chanted again as before, went to the top of the house, stable, and weeping-willow, that she might hear him. P>ut, seeing no ap- pearance of her, he returned once more, visited tlie nest, ventured cautiously into the window, and gazed about with suspicious looks, his voice sinking to a low, melancholy note as he stretched his little neck about in every direction. Iteturniiig to the box, he seemed for some minutes at a loss what to do, and soon after went olf as 1 thought altogether, for I saw him no more that day. “ Towards the afternoon of the second day, he again made his ap})earance, accompanied by a new female, who seemed exceed- ingly timorous and shy, and who, after great hesitation, entered the box ; at this moment the little widower or bi’idogroom seemed as if he would warble out liis very life with ecstasy of joy. After remaining about half a minute in, they both flew off, but returned in a few minutes, and instanl.ly began to carry out the eggs, feathers, and some of the sticks, supplying the place of the latter with materials of the same sort ; and ultimately they suc- ceeded in raising a brood of seven young, all of which escaped in safety.^' In this little narrative there are two curious points to be noticed, the one that the eggs already laid were turned out, and the other that the new mistress of the house, with a natural jealousy of her predecessor, re-arranged the interior, so as to suit her own ideas of good taste. BULLEN-BULLEN. 837 As the bird is so useful, the proprietors of gardens would be glad to have a number of families in their domains. This plan, however admirable in theory, is found to be imj)racticable in fact, the quarrelsome nature of the bird enduring no rival. During the building season, the House Wren sings, figlits, and builds with equal energy, and drives away birds of three times his size. The woodpecker is obliged to quit so disturbed a spot, the fussy and active titmice yield to the Wren, and even the blue bird itself, which is also a favoured inmate of the garden, and is furnished with breeding boxes, is obliged to retire from the field, and to allow its tiny antagonist the choice of houses. Australia is proverbially a strange land, and it is only in Australia, or perhaps in Madagascar, that we should look for a wren measuring some seventeen inches in height. Such a bird is, howcv(ir, to be found in Australia, and is known to the nativ(‘s l)y the name of Bullen-bullen, and to the Europeans as the Tahje Bird {Menura s'ltjperljd). It is remarkable by the way that the genius of the Australian language causes many words to bo doubled, so that the natives speak of a well known Australian marsupial as the devil-devil, and of a domestic servant as Jacky- Jacky. Now South Wales is the chosen country of the Lyre Bird, which is rather local, and affects certain defined boundaries. Its native name is derived from its peculiar cry, and the popular European name is given to the bird on account of the shape of its tail feathers. The two exterior feathers are curved in such a manner, that when the whole tail is si)rcad they exactly rcsemblo ihe horns of an ancient lyre, the place of the strings being talnui l)y a number of slender decomposed feathers which rise from the e(*iitre of the tail. When the bird is quietly at rest, the tail- i’eathers cross each other at the curves, and present a very eh'gant apjiearance, though not in the least resembling a lyre. In general shape the bird bears some resemblance to a small turkey, except that the legs are longer and more slender, and that the feet do not resemble those of a gallinaceous bird. It is rather remark- able that the egg presents as curious a mixture of the insessorial and galbnaceous aspects as the bird itself. The nest of this bird is not at all unlike that of the wren, being very much of the same shape, and domed after a similar z 338 ]IOMi:S WITHOUT HANDS. fasliion. The nest is, however, a very rough piece of architecture, composed almost wholly of twigs, roots, and various sticks, which are interwoven in a very loose, but very ingenious manner, so as to form a structure of tolerable firmness, which can be lifted and even subjected to rough treatment without being broken. At first sight it looks like those heaps of dead twigs which are so common in the birch-tree, but a closer inspection shows that there is a certain regularity in the disposition of the sticks, and that the bird is not without method, though that method be not at first apparent. So rude a structure as this nest would he unsuitable for tlu'. tender young, and therefore the whole of the interior is stuffed full of soft feathers. The nest of an allied species, Albeut Lyiie Bihd (Menura Alberti) is made in a similar manner, except that the materials am almost wholly small and rather long sticks. Specimens of these nests maybe sc'cui in the British Museum. Both the birds are very shy, and cannot be approached witliout the greatest caution. Like the gallinaceous birds, to which they bear a strong resemblance, they are fond of scratching large holes in sandy soil, sometimes making them nearly a yard in width and eighteen or twenty iriches in depth. In the corroboring- " places, as the natives call them, the Lyre Bird is mostly to bo found, and the experienced hunter always watches for the disappearance of the bird into the hole to make his advance. Every now and then it jumps out of the liole, and struts about, mocking with wonderful facility the notes of various other birds, and even imitating precisely tliose of the laughing jackass. It has, however, a veiy sweet and powerful note of its own. Each bird makes three or four of these corro- boring places, sometimes at a distance of three or four hundred yards from each other. Dr. Stephenson thinks that the corroboring places are not merely made for amusement, but that they are used as traps in which are caught sundry beetles and other insects, which fall into the pits and cannot get out again. Should this ingenious theory be true, the Lyre Bird and the ant-lion have a similar method of trapping their prey in sandy pitfalls, though the former is a bird and the latter an immature insect. Our last example of the Building Birds will be the well- known Bower Bird of Australia {Ptihmrliynchm Iwlosericeus), THE BOWER BIRD. Perhaps the whole range of ornithology does not produce a more singular phenomenon than the fact of a bird building a house merely for amusement, and decorating it with brilliant objects as if to mark its destination. Such a proceeding marks a great progress in civilization, even among human raiios. The savage, pure and sim])le, has no notion of undergoing more' THK r.M\vi;n labour than can be avoided, and thinks that setting his wives to build a hut is quite as much labour as ho chooses to eiuluro. The native Australians liave no places of amusement. They will certainly dance their corrobory in one part of the fon;st in preference to another, but merely b(.‘cause tlje spot happens to be suitable without the expenditure of manual labour. The Ihishman has no place of resort., neither has the much farther advanced Zulu Kafir. Even the New Zealander, who is tin*. z2 340 HOMES WITHOUT HANDS. most favourable example of a savage, does not erect a building merely for the purpose of amusement, and would perhaps fail to comprehend that such an edifice could be needed. Such a task is left to the civilized races, and it is somewhat startling to find that in erecting a ball-room, or an assembly room, or any similar building, we have been long anticipated by a bird which was unknown until within the last few years. Truly, nothing is new under the sun. The ball-room, or “ bower,’' which this bird builds is a very remarkable erection. Its general form can be seen by reference to the illustration, but the method by which it is constructed can only be learned by watching the feathered architect at work. Fortunately tlicre arc several specimens of this bird at the Zoological Gardens, and I have often been much interested in seeing the bird engaged in its labours. Whether it works smartly or not in its native land I cannot say, but it certainly docs not hurry itself in this country. It begins by weaving a tolerably firm platform of small twigs, wliicli looks as if the bird had been trying to make a door mat and had nearly succeeded. It then looks for some long and ratlu'r slender twigs, and pushes their bases into the platform, working them tightly into its substance, and giving them such an inward inclination that, when they are fixed at opxiosite sides of the platform, their tips cross each other, and form a siinjile arch. As these twigs arc set along the platform on both sides the bird gradually makes an arched alley, extending variably both in length and height. When the bower is completed, the reader may well ask the use to which it can be put. It is not a nest, and I believe that tlie real nest of this bird has not yet been discovered. It serves as an assembly-room, in which a number of birds take their amusement. Not only do the architects use it, but many birds of both sexes resort to it, and continually run through and round it, chasing one another in a very sportive fashion. While they are thus amusing themselves, they utter a curious, deep, and rather resonant note. Indeed, my attention was first attracted to the living Bower Bird by this note. One day as I was passing the great aviary in the Zoological Gardens, I was startled by a note with which I was quite unacquainted, and which I thought must have issued from the mouth of a parrot. Presently, THE BOWER BIRD. 341 however, I saw a veiy glossy bird, of a deep purple hue, running about, and occasionally uttering the sound winch had attracted me. Soon, it was evident that this was a Bower Bird engaged in building the assembly-room, and after a little while he be- came reconciled to my presence, and proceeded with his work. He went about it in a leisurely and reflective manner, taking plenty of time over his work, and disdaining to hurry himself. First he would go off to the further end of tlie compartment, and there inspect a quantity of twigs which had been put there for his use. After contemplating them for some time, he would take uj) a twig and then drop it as if it were too hot to hold. Perhaps he would rei)eat this process six or seven times with the same twig, and then suddenly pounce on another, weigh it once or twice in his beak, and carry it off. When he reached tlie bower he still kept up his leisurely character, for he would iierambu- late the floor for some minutes, with the twig still in his beak and then perhaps would lay it down, turn in another direction, and look as if lie liad forgotten about it. Sooner or later, how- ever, the twig was fixed, and then he would run through the bower several times, utter his loud cry, and start off for another twig. Why these birds should trouble themselves to make tins bower is a problem as yet unsolved. Had the structure served in any way as a protection from the weather, there would liave been a self-evident reason for its existence, but the arching twigs are put together so loosely that they cannot protect the birds from wind or rain. Whatever may be the object of the bower, the birds are so fond of it tliat they resort to it during many liours of the day, and a good bower is seldom left without a temporary occupant. Ornament is also employed by the Bower Bird, both enirances of the bower being decorated with bright and shining objects. The bird is not in the least fastidious about the articles with which it decorates its bower, provided only that they shine and are conspicuous. Scraps of coloured ribbon, sliells, bits of paper, teeth, bones, broken glass and china, feathers, and similar articles, are in great request, and such objects as a lady’s thimble, a tobacco-pix)c, and a tomahawk have been found near one of their bowers. Indeed, whenever the natives lose any small and tolerably portable object, they always scarcli the bowers of the HOMES WITHOUT HAHDS. m neighbourhood, and frequently find that the missing article is doing duty as decoration to the edifice. This species is more plentiful than another Bower Bird which will pi’cscntly be described. As is the case with many birds, the adult male is very different from the young male and the female in his colouring. His plumage is a rich, deep purple, so deep indeed as to appear black when the bird is standing in the shade. It is of a close texture, and glossy as if made of satin, presenting a lovely appearance when the bird runs about in the sunbeams. The specific name, holosericms, is composed of two Greek words signifying all silken, and is very appropriate to the species. The female is not in the least like the male, her plumage being almost uniform olive green, and the young male is coloured in a similar manner. Another species of Bower Bird inhabits New South Wales, and on account of its variegated plumage is called the Spotted Bower Bird {Ghlam/ydcra macalata). The bower which is built by this bird is of very great com- parative size, being sometim(‘,s a full yard in length, and the arches higher than those of the previous species. Long grass is plentifully interwoven among the twigs, and the decorations of stones, shells, and feathers extend to a considerable distance iVoiii eith(‘r end of the bower. Mr. Gould mentions that the bird places the heaviest stones so as to keep the twigs in them' places, and that it will even bring the skulls and bones of the small mammalia to aid in the decoration of its bower. I'hese birds are allied to the common starling, and belong to a snuill groui) of that family which have gained the name of Glossy Starlings on account of their satin-like plumage. The colour of the Spotted Bower Bird is warm brown, profusely spotted with buff, and upon the back of the neck there is a kind of falling I’ulT or collar of long feathers which shine like spun glass, and are of a lovely rose pink colour. The generic name '' Chlainydcra literally signifies “ cloak-necked,” and is given to the bird on account of this peculiarity. The classical reader will remember that the chlamys was a short cloak or scarf, that could be thrown round the neck or over the shoulder at the convenience of the wearer. CllWTKU Win, liUlLDlNiJ lNsE(n\S. The. 'J'KiiMi ri., i>r U’mitk Aj^t — O encnil l»iil)its of ilio iusui.t - African TonnitoH and their lumich — Tcriiiitca as articles of food — Indian Termites — Account of their proiuiedings— Atnericaii Termites — Mr. Hates' luuionnt of their habits — Kui opean Termites — Tlieir ravages in France and Spain — M. de Quatrofagos and his history of the Termites of Kochefort and La Kochello — Tho Eumenks and its mud-built nest— The TitvroxYLON of South America — Tho PELomus and its curious iicst— TIio MiTn-nAUBEii Wasp — Mr. Goss’s account of its liabits — — 'fhe ISlEiaru.NA of America— Mr. Stone’s AVas]) nests and their histoiy — Diilereucc of niaterial~The FuUAGiNG Ants of South America and their various .•^jneies - Ne.sts ami huhits of the Foraging Ants? — The Aokkji/LTUKAL AiH’V of Texas —Dr. Lincocum’.s accounts of its habits. We uovv pass to the many insects wliicli may be classed among the Builders. The reader will probably notice tliat several ol the true builders are omitted in this department, but will find them under tlie head of Social Insects. Of the Building insects the Tekmite, or White Ant, as it is l)(>[)ularly and wrongly called, is the acknowledged head and chief. There are certain other insects that erect habitations which are truly wonderful, but thei'e is not one that approHChes (he 'rerniite in the size of its building or the stone-like solidity of the structure. If the reader will refer to the large illustiution, he will see that the Temiite of Soutlieiu Africa can ci'cct uests of vciy great size. Tlirec of these structures are shown, and a human being has been introduced by one of them in order to show their average height. ^ n f The histoiy of the Termites is so complicated, anU so luii ot incident, that I might occupy several hundred pages of this work in describing them and their uests, and yet not have exhausted the subject. I shall, thci-efore, give a general sketch of the Teimites and their habits, and then relate a few details 344 IIOMIvS WITHOUT HANDS. concerning the species which are found in Africa, Asia, America, and Europe. In the lirst place, tlie reader must understand tliat the Termite is not an ant at all, but belongs to a totally different ordcir of insect, and is allied to the dragon-flies, the ant-lions, the May-flies, and the beautiful Lace-wing flies. The Termites arc social, and, like other social insects, are divided into several grades, such as workers, males, and females, the two latter of which are winged when they reach maturity. Tlie body is oblong and flat, the anteniKO short, and the mandibles flat- timed and toothed, and in most cases extremely long and for- midable. Each colony is founded by a single pair, popularly called the king and queen, tlie rest of the population consisting of developed unties and females, which are intimded to |)er- ])eluate the sj^ecies and found fresh colonies, and of undeveloped individuals, or neuters, of both sexes. The neuter males are termed soldiers, and are armed with powerful jaws proceeding from enormous heads, and the neuter females are termed workers, and are very small. There are now belbre me some specimens of Aiiiean Termites, the soldiers of which are five or six times as laige as the Workers. They are formidable creatures, but they can do lit tle harm beyond inflicting a severe bite-, as they arc not furnished with stings nor even with poison glands. They can bite through the clothes of an Euro])Gan, and wlum they swarjii upon the bare limbs of the lu'gro, they inflict almost unbearable tortures. The chief duty of the soldier seems to be the defence of the nest ; for whenever the walls are broken down the soldiers come trooping out to attack the invader, and being quite unconscious of fear, they will seize on the first strange object that hapjKiiJs to come in their way. There are comparatively few soldiers, their proxiortioii to the workers being only one per cent. When a pair of developed Termites have settled themselves to form a colony, they share the fate of certain Oriental potentates, and never move out of their royal cell. When the queen is lairly settled, she increases in size so ]'aj)idly, that, even if she M^ere set at liberty, she could not crawl an inch. While the liead, thorax, and legs retain their original dimensions, the abdo- men swells until it is more than tw^o inches long and about three quarters of an inch in width. Thus Jevelojx d. slie, produces. THE TEKMITE, OR WHITE ANT. 345 eggs by ilie thousand, which arc iuiiiiediatcly carried off by the workers, who have reserved certain apertures in the royal apaii- iiieiit through which they can easily pass. When the eggs are hatched, the young are carefully watched and tended until they are at last developed into males, females, or neuters, and them- selves are able to take part in the manual >vork. A full-sized nest of the African Termite is a wonderful struc- ture. Although made merely of clay, the walls are nearly as hard as stone, and quite as hard as the brick of which villa residences ” are usually built. The form of tlic nest is essentially conical, a large cone occupying the ceiilre, and smaller cones b(*ing grouped round it, like pinnacles round a Gothic spire. In Anderson’s valuable work, Lake Ngami,’' there are many detached accounts of the African Teimite. lie states that lie has seen nests which wei'c full twiuity feet in lieight, and liad a circumference of hundred feet, iind that when the insc'cts were developed and obtaiiu'd their wings, they issued forth in such hosts that the air seemed as il‘ it were filled with dense and white snow Hakes. So strong is the instinct for rushing into the air, that they can scarcely lie retained within the nest, and will even jkiss through lire in oixhu* to gain their end. The nests are always interesting objects, evien from the exterior. The walls are so hard that hunters are accustomed to mount upon them for the purj)Ose of looking out fur game, and the wild buffalo has a similar habit, the structure being strong enough even to support the weight of so large an animal. The daily labours of the arcliitects can easily be traced, on account ol‘ the dampness of the recent clay, so that an a])proximation can be Ibrmed as to the length of time which is occupied in erecting one of the nests. The traveller is always glad to sec a large 'J ei'iniie nest, because he is nearly sure to find the surface studded with mushrooms, which are larger and better flavoured than those which our fields produce. The natives have another motive for looking after the Termite nests, because they eat the inmates, considering them to bo a ])eculiar luxury. The same author whom I have already men- tioned, describes a curious interview that hv. head with Palani, a Bayeiye chief. AVishing to show the cliief the superiority of liuropean cookery, Mr. Anderson spread some Jipricot jam on bread, and offered it to him. The chief took it, and expresscKl 346 HOMES WITHOUT HANDS. himself much pleased with it, but asserted that Termites weremuch superior in flavour. In order to catch the Termites in sufficient numbers, the native makes a hole in the nest, and when the workers are congregated for the purpose of repairing the breach, he sweeps them into a vessel, and repeats the operation until he has obtained as many as he wants. As is the case with the true ants, the Termites only retain their wings for a limited period, using them for the purpose of escaping from the nest, and snapping them off as soon as they have met with a partner. The manner in which the wings are fixed to the body is the same in both groups of insects, and these singular organs are shed by being bent sharjJy forwards. If a living Termite be caught, and its wings pressed forward with a pin, they will instantly snap off ; but if bent backwards, a piece of the body will be torn away before the wings can be removed. A correspondent of the Field iiews])a])er gives a very interest- ing account of tlie proceedings of tlic Termites living in India,. After mentioning the peculiar shedding of tJie wings, he writes as follows : — “The career of the winged white anl^ as lar as I liave had an opportunity of judging, is as follows : — Soon after the commence- ment of the first shower which ushers in the rainy season in India, swarms of winged white ants are to be seen issuing from small holes ill the earth, in old mud or sunburnt brick walls, and from places of a similar character, in which the original nests may have been located whence these swarms arc thrown off. These legions at oncti attract the attention of all the insectivorous and omnivorous birds in tlic ncighbouihood, and the niinahs, crows, and sparrows are on the alert to feast to satiety on the defenceless ants. “Judging from the appearance of the wings of these ants as they emerge from their earth-home, I should be disposed to think that they do not develop their wings until the damjmess of the atmosphere warns them to prepare for action. There is a ne^v, smooth, and glossy appearance about them, not unlike the wings of a young wasp, or the shine of a new hat. The ants vary much in size at this period of their existence; in good damp seasons, and perhaps in favourable localities, they have a well-fed, plump appearance, whereas under unfavourable ciieum- stauces they present a slender and measly complexion. They crawl to the mouth of the hole in the first instance, and at once THE TERMITE, OB WHITE ANT. 847 take wing. The males and females take no particular notice of each other until they have made their preliminary flight, which is but short ; they soon alight on the ground, or on the dinner- table, as the case may be, making direct for a light if their flight is after dark. ""As soon as they obtain a footing after their descent from their aerial expedition, both males and females commence to run a most headlong and reckless career. Nothing appears to arrest their progress. The female, who is larger and more full in figure than the male, is also slower in her movements. She stoj^s from time to time and performs slow and singular contor- tions with the hinder portion of her body. I can t help thinking that she gives out some peculiar odour at these times — at all events the males are sensible of the scent of the females, and if they, in their more rapid quartering of the ground, pass over tlie track of a female, their excitement and activity is redoubled, and tlicy take up the running with singular ]>ertinacity. “Up to this point both male and female ant retain tlieir wings, and it is as dilficult to deprive them of these inemhers as it is to pull the wings fj*om a house-fly. No sooner, however, docs the male ant overtake the female, than he makes a dash at the hut- too- willing flirt, and seizes (gently, 1 presume) the extreme end of her plump figure with his jaws. This is the signal to the female that she no longer requires her wings, and at once, with a jerk, both male and female throw from them these now useless incumbrances. Away they go, madam towing my lord, who never quits his hold, hut clings to the skirts of his ladylove in a most gallant manner. They race over stock and stone, over garden walk, verandah, or dinner- table, as the case may be, until they jointly fall victims to tlie ever- watchful birds, beasts, or fishes, who are all on the qui vive for the dainty morsel. Should they escape aU their numerous enemies, and not suc- ceed in being swept from the table by the cvcr-watchful kiimut- gar, the female soon selects for her home, in which to spend the honeymoon of her existence, some spot which seems adapted for the end which she has in view. If she is a prudent, cautious dame, she picks out some soft nodule of earth moistened by the recent rain, and having done so, she communicates to her lord and follower by some means, which to me are inscrutable, that she thinks the lodgings will do. 848 HOMES WITIIOIT HANDS. “ Tiic worthy gcntlcTnaii at once casts off the tow-lino, and ho and tlie lady of his affections buckle to without loss of tinn^, and (ixcavatc a home for tlie comfortable reception of the lady. White ants arc i)iit to sad shifts at those times. Any dark nook brings them to a halt, and the lee-side of a plate, tray, or the sliady side of a candlestick is often selected by the confiding tomale. In all liei' arrangements the male appears to acquiesce without demur. “ Vanity and vexation are the natural results of such ill-coii- sid(}r(‘d domestic arrangements, and the expiring couple, exhausted with tlieir cmh^avours to make an earthen nest out of a baml)0() tray and a (*011011 tal)leclotli, are scattm*ed to tlie winds by tlie first .s(‘rvant wlio may 1)0 ]»Ieas(Hl to scix^w up energy sufheient to remove the dehrin of the evening nu*jil, to make M*ay for master’s hreaklast next d(iy. (If tlie subs(‘quent career of tlie ha])]>y i‘oiij)]{' it is out of my ]M>w('r to .sj)eak, nevm* liaving liad an o]>portunity of carefully Modelling llieir movements.” Aa to tlic Termites of Southern America, much inforniatioii may be obtained from Mr. Hates' valuable work on the natural iiistory of the Amazons. As many of his remarks simply prove tlie identity of habits lictwccn the Termites of the old world and those of the new, 1 shall say nothing about them, hut merely give a brief abstract of his observations. As with the species which have already been described, tlie sokliers are the only individuals that light. AVJien, therefore, the ant-bear tears down tlie walls of tlie nest and begins to lick up tlie inmates, none but the soldiers are killed, they liaving come out to light the enemy, while the workers have all run away and hidden tliemsclves underground. In consequence of this fact, the economy of the nest is but slightly disturbed, and after the ant-bear has gone away, the workers begin to raise their walls afresh. It must be reinenibcred that the nests of the Termite are not confined to the surface, but extend to a considerable distance in the earth, the subterranean galleries being proportionately large to the superimposed nest. Indeed, the greater part of the material with which the walls and galleries are built is brought from below and carried upwards through the nest itself. There is no visible outlet to a Termite's nest, because the insects construct THR TERMITE, OR WHITE ANT. 340 long galleries tlirougli which tliey can j){iss without sulToring iuconvenienco from the light of day. I'oth the workers ami soldiers are Idiiid ; but, in s[u’te of the absence of external visual organs, they are very sensitive to light, and avoid it in every possible way. The food of the Termite is of a vegetable characU’r, and consists mostly of wooden fibres. They will, however, eat through almost anything, and the traveller in hot climates tinds them among his worst troubles. They will cut to \»iect‘s the mat on which a man is lying. They will eat nearly all the wood of liis strong box, leaving a more shell no tlucker ilian the pap('r on wbieli this aecouiit is printed. They will devour all bis colhTtion of plants, l>easts, birds and insects; ami a table or any other article of furniture, if left too long in om^ jursition, will b(^ uiUu’ly ruinrd by ilie Termites, wbicli have, a fashion of eating away all tluj interior, but heaving just a thin shell, which Ivioks as if nothing w(ive the. matter. Extirpating tliom is a dillienlt task. It is true that, if the mats, clothes, and otlim* household gotnls are wasluul with a .solution of corrosive sublimate, the T(.*rmiU‘,s will not touch them ; luit as the articles which can 1)0 tlius protectiid are ne.C(‘s- sarily few in number, the best method is to extirpate them. This can oidy he done by going to the fountain-head, and cutting off the supply. It is useless to destroy the woiicers or soldiers, for they are replaced as fast as kilhid. Ihit, if tlic ([uccii ho destroyed, the suppjy^of eggs is at once stopped, the subjects lose heart, and the colony dies off.

US-34818206-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Vascular access port with integral attachment mechanism ABSTRACT An implantable port with an integral attachment mechanism. The implantable port includes one or more suture needles enclosed within a port body, the suture needle(s) coupled to a movable member such that movement of the movable member results in movement of the suture needle(s) out of the port body and into the tissue of a body into which it is implanted. The movable member can be a cam or tensioning member that rotates about a central port axis. The movable member can be coupled to a gear to permit movement of the movable member following implantation of the port within a subcutaneous pocket. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/650,693, filed Feb. 7, 2005, which is incorporated by reference into this application as if fully set forth herein. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A variety of subcutaneously implantable access ports have been utilized by clinicians to deliver fluids to, and/or to withdraw fluids from, the blood stream or other subcutaneous cavities inside a patient. One example of such an access port includes a substantially needle-impenetrable housing, which encloses one or more fluid cavities and defines for each of such fluid cavity an access aperture communicating through the housing on the side thereof, which is adjacent to the skin of the patient when the access port is implanted in the body of a patient. A needle-penetrable septum is received in and seals the access aperture. An exit passageway located in a port stem communicates with the fluid cavity or cavities for dispensing medication therefrom to a predetermined location in the body of the patient through an implanted catheter attached to the access port. Typically, the catheter is connected to the access port by placement of the proximal end of the catheter over a port stem. A locking sleeve or ring may be placed over the catheter at the proximal region of the catheter to secure the catheter to the port stem. Once the access port and catheter have been implanted beneath the skin of a patient, quantities of fluid, such as medication or blood, may be dispensed from the fluid cavity by means of a non-coring needle passed through the skin of the patient and penetrating the septum into the fluid cavity. This fluid may be directed to the distal end of the catheter to an entry point into the venous system of the body of the patient. Blood may also be withdrawn for sampling from the body of the patient through such an access port by piercing the skin of the patient and penetrating the septum with a non-coring needle and applying negative pressure thereto, which causes blood to be drawn through the catheter into the fluid cavity covered by the pierced septum and then out of the body of the patient through the needle. To prevent clotting thereafter, the withdrawal route may be flushed with a saline solution or heparin using again a non-coring needle piercing the skin of the patient and the septum in the same manner as if a medication were being infused. Both intermittent and continual injections of medication may be dispensed by the access port. Continual access may involve the use of a non-coring needle attached to an ambulatory-type pump or gravity feed bag suspended above the patient. The ambulatory-type pump or the gravity feed bag continually delivers the medication or fluid through the needle to the fluid cavity in the access port and from there through the catheter to the entry point into the venous system. The access port is generally implanted into a patient's body by creating a subcutaneous pocket and inserting the port, which is connected to a catheter. The access port is implanted just below the patient's skin so that it may be felt by a clinician prior to access with a needle. Typically, the access port is sutured into the subcutaneous pocket to prevent migration thereof as well as to ensure that the port does not turn over such that the septum is not accessible, either of which occurrence would require further surgery. Suturing of the access port requires that the subcutaneous pocket be sized large enough to allow the surgeon to operate and is somewhat time consuming. Usually, the suturing of the access port occurs only on the most-accessible side thereof after insertion into the subcutaneous pocket, meaning that at least one side of the access port is left unsecured. Moreover, the act of suturing carries with it the inherent risks of needle sticks to the operating surgeon. With respect to the patient, the use of sutures (as opposed to a device that does not require the use of sutures) means that removal of the access port is more time consuming for the surgeon and more traumatic for the patient. Further, as the size of the subcutaneous pocket is increased because of the need to utilize sutures, healing time, blood loss, scarring and infection likelihood are increased. Applicant recognizes the desirability of providing an access port, which does not require sutures for implantation within the body of a patient, which provides a smooth exterior surface prior to implantation for facilitation thereof, and which has an integral attachment mechanism that can be activated following insertion into the subcutaneous pocket such that it can safely be implanted and removed without exposing the clinician to sharp surfaces. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an implantable port with an integral attachment mechanism is described herein. In one embodiment, an implantable port includes an attachment mechanism positioned within a port body, the attachment mechanism including at least one suture needle, the suture needle in contact with a movable member such that movement of the movable member causes at least a portion of the suture needle to exit the port body. In another embodiment, an implantable port includes a port body, including a port top and a port base, the port base including at least one raised section, a suture needle having generally the same shape as the raised section and positioned thereover, and a cam configured for rotation about a central axis of the port, the cam connected to the suture needle such that movement of the cam causes movement of the suture needle. In one embodiment, a method for attaching a port to a body, the port including a suture needle coupled to a movable member, the suture needle and movable member enclosed within a port body, includes implanting the port into a subcutaneous pocket formed in the body, and moving the movable member from a first position within the port to a second position within the port such that at least a portion of the suture needle exits the port body through an opening. These and other objectives, embodiments, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art when taken with reference to the following more detailed description of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of one embodiment of an implantable port. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the implantable port of FIG. 1. FIG. 3A is a side view of the implantable port of FIG. 1 in an initial position for handling and implanting into a body. FIG. 3B is a side perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 3A, following activation of a suturing process. FIG. 3C is a side perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 3A, following completion of a suturing process. FIG. 3D is a bottom perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 3A. FIG. 3E is a bottom perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 3A, following activation of a suturing process. FIG. 3F is a bottom perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 3A, following completion of a suturing process. FIG. 4 is a top perspective view of another embodiment of an implantable port. FIG. 5 is a top perspective view of yet another embodiment of an implantable port. FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the implantable port of FIG. 5. FIG. 7A is a front view of the implantable port of FIG. 5, following completion of a suturing process. FIG. 7B is a bottom perspective view of the implantable port of FIG. 5, following completion of a suturing process. FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a gear of an implantable port in a position prior to activation. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the gear of FIG. 8A in an activation position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following detailed description should be read with reference to the drawings, in which identical reference numbers refer to like elements throughout the different figures. The drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, depict selective embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The detailed description illustrates by way of example, not by way of limitation, the principles of the invention. This description will clearly enable one skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and describes several embodiments, adaptations, variations, alternatives and uses of the invention, including what is presently believed to be the best mode of carrying out the invention. The embodiments described herein are directed to a vascular access port with an integral attachment mechanism. Although the examples include implantable ports with a single chamber for holding/dispensing a fluid, it should be understood that the present invention is equally applicable to ports with two or more chambers. Moreover, although certain new port designs are described and illustrated with the inventive attachment mechanism integrated therein, it should be understood that existing port designs could be modified to include integral attachment mechanisms, examples of which are shown and described herein. Embodiments of the implantable port described herein include an attachment mechanism for attaching the port to a body, the attachment mechanism being enclosed within the port such that a smooth outer profile, safe for handling without risk of accidental needle sticks, is presented to a clinician for use. The attachment mechanisms described herein can include one or more suture needles, which are contained entirely within the port such that no portion of the needle or needles is exposed for potential contact prior to activation of the port in a suturing process. The attachment mechanisms described herein are believed to provide a more effective means than the use of sutures for attachment of a vascular access port within a patient's body. For instance, by providing implantable ports with integral attachment mechanisms, such as those described herein, a smaller than standard subcutaneous pocket, for a given port size, is believed to be necessary, thereby benefitting a patient into which the port is implanted. In addition, by providing implantable ports with integral attachment mechanisms, such as those described herein, a clinician is believed to be able to attach the port to a patient's body in an easier, safer and less time-consuming manner than otherwise possible with conventional processes. Also, implantable ports with attachment mechanisms, such as those described herein, are believed to be more securely attached to a body following the suturing process than ports attached using conventional processes. Further, implantable ports with attachment mechanisms, such as those described herein, are believed to be more easily removed from a body, resulting in a decrease in trauma resulting from typical removal procedures. Referring now to FIGS. 1-2, an implantable port 10 is shown. As best seen in FIG. 2, port 10 includes a top 12, base 20, septum 30, cam 40, gear 46 and suture needles 50. FIG. 1 illustrates the assembled port 10 with the top 12 in phantom so that the component parts can be seen. The top 12, having a smooth profile which is believed to be resistant to tissue ingrowth, includes a first opening 14 for passage of at least a portion of the septum 30, a front slot 16 to accommodate a portion of the base 20, and a second opening 18 to permit access to the gear 46. In one embodiment, the port top 12 is molded by a single-direction mold. The base 20 includes fluid reservoir 22 that is positioned below an upper portion 24 configured to receive a portion of the septum 30 and having a ledge on which the septum 30 rests, preventing the septum 30 from entering the fluid reservoir 22. The base 20 also includes a stem 26 with a lumen in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir 22. The fluid reservoir 22 sits on a platform 28 that includes upright ridges 29 around the circumference thereof. A needle passage 27 through the platform 28 is positioned on each side of each ridge 29 such that at least a portion of the suture needle 50 can pass therethrough. The ridges 29 are configured in the shape of the suture needles 50 such that the suture needles 50 rest atop the ridges 29, one of which suture needle 50 is shown on ridge 29 in FIG. 2. In this embodiment, there are five ridges and five corresponding suture needles; however, any number of suture needles could be incorporated into the port (i.e., one or more) depending on various factors such as port size, suture needle size, intended location, etc., and therefore the invention is not limited to the number of ridges and/or suture needles. Also, while the ridges 29 and suture needles 50 are shown in semi-circle shapes, other shapes are possible and within the scope of the invention. The suture needles 50, which in one embodiment are made of a radiopaque or other material suitable for imaging, include a pointed tip 52, a body 54, and a post 56 arranged at an angle with respect to the tip 52 and body 54 of the needle 50. In this embodiment, the angle is approximately 90 degrees such that the post 56 is arranged generally perpendicular to the body 54 and tip 52, although other angles are possible and within the scope of the invention. The post 56 includes an enlarged end for interaction with the cam 40 as will be described more completely below. In other embodiments, the post includes other types of interaction mechanisms, such as a roughened surface, a formed section to fit into a corresponding section of the cam 40, etc. The cam 40 includes two separate components, a top section 42 and a bottom section 44, each with intermeshing wedges. The bottom section 44 is seated between the ridges 29 and an outer surface of the fluid reservoir 22, while the top section 42 is positioned thereover. When the port 10 is fully assembled, at least a portion of the post 56 of each suture needle 50 is positioned in a slot formed between the top section 42 and bottom section 44 such that the suture needles 50 are coupled to the cam 40. As the cam 40 about a central axis of the port, the post 56 is free to move within the slot as it simultaneously tracks over a surface of the ridge 29. It is emphasized that when the wedges of the top section 42 and the wedges of the bottom section 44 are intermeshed, a slot is created therebetween to permit movement of the post 56 therein, such that corresponding movement of the needle 50 is facilitated without binding. Thus, while a certain configuration for the top section 42 and bottom section 44 are shown in FIGS. 1-2, it should be appreciated that other configurations are within the scope of the invention. The gear 46 includes gear teeth 45, which interact with the cam 40, on one side and a gear opening 47 on the opposite side. The gear opening 47 is aligned with the second opening 18 in the top 12 and is configured to interact with a tool (not shown) such that inserting the tool into the gear opening 47 permits one to turn the gear 46, which rotates the gear teeth 45, which in turn rotates the cam 40 about the fluid reservoir 22. The rotation of the cam 40, as mentioned above, acts to move the suture needles 50 about the ridges 29. This interaction can be seen from a side view in FIGS. 3A-3C, which again show the top 12 in phantom so that the component parts of the port 10 can be seen. Referring to FIG. 3A, the port 10 is in an initial position for implantation into a body with the suture needles 50 being fully inside the port and the needle posts 56 adjacent the platform 28 on a first side of respective ridges 29. At this stage, the port 10 has a smooth outer profile and can be safely handled by a clinician without fear of coming into contact with a needle point or other sharp edge thereof. Also, at this stage, the suture needles 50 are locked into place by the cam 40. Using a tool, the gear 46 is rotated in a clockwise direction, which rotates the cam 40 about the fluid reservoir 22, which is situated generally along a central axis of the port, in a counterclockwise direction (of course, the direction of movement could be reversed with respect to the gear 46 and the cam 40). As shown in FIG. 3B, the rotation of the cam 40 causes a distal portion of the suture needles 50 to move through the passageways 27 and out of the bottom of the base 20 as the suture needle posts 56, having at least the enlarged portion thereof positioned in slots in the cam 40, track over a surface of the ridges 29. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, the enlarged portion of the needle post 56 is in the form of a ball, which aids in smooth movement over the ridge 29. As the needle tips 52 travel out of the needle passageways 27, their sharp points engage and penetrate tissue of a body in which the port 10 is implanted. It is noted that use of a gear 46 and a cam 40 provide a significant mechanical advantage such that puncturing through tissue is facilitated. Continued movement of the needles 50 through the tissue anchors the port 10 to the body tissue. FIG. 3C illustrates a completed insertion procedure as the suture needle posts 56 have traveled from a first side of respective ridges 29, adjacent platform 28, to a second side, causing the suture needle tips 52 to travel in a similar path through the body tissue such that the port 10 is sutured to the body into which it is implanted. At this stage, the cam 40 acts to lock the suture needles 50 in position to prevent accidental detachment. From a bottom view, as shown in FIGS. 3D-3E, as the cam 40 is rotated, suture needle tips 52 emerge from the bottom openings of passageways 27 in base 20 and into adjacent bottom openings such that complete rotation of the cam 40 results in the suture needle tips 52 positioned within passageways 27 (FIG. 3E). In the pre-activation stage (FIG. 3D), it can be seen that the bottom of the port base 20 is smooth in that no sharp points are protruding, meaning that the implantable port can be safely handled. As the port 10 has been activated in FIG. 3D, the needles 50 can be seen to track in a circular path. In the embodiment shown, the needles 50 have a triangular cross-sectional shape for strength and to maintain shape and direction during the activation process. The passageways 27 also have a triangular cross-sectional shape to accommodate the needles 50. In other embodiments, the needles 50, and the corresponding passageways 27, can have different cross-sectional shapes, such as circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, etc. FIG. 3E shows the suture needles 50 after activation is completed, the distal tips 52 entering into openings in the bottom of the port base 20 such no sharp tips 52 remain in the tissue, which can potentially lead to infection and/or patient discomfort. FIG. 4 shows a variation of the port shown in FIGS. 1-3. Implantable port 60 includes a cam 62 that is a single component as opposed to the dual component cam 40. Cam 62 includes slots 64 that are arranged vertically adjacent one side of respective ridges 29, the slots 64 configured to receive at least a portion of the suture needle posts 56. As the cam 62 rotates about the fluid reservoir 22, the slots 64 track from one side of respective ridges 29 to the opposite side and the posts, also tracking along the ridges 29, move from a lower portion of the slots 64 to an upper portion thereof and back down as the slots 64 rotate to the opposite side of the ridges 29. As discussed above, when the posts 56 move along the ridges 29, the suture needle tips 52 move through the passageways 27, through the body tissue, and back into the passageways through adjacent openings in the bottom of the port base 20. The use of a single component cam 62 is believed to facilitate retraction of the suture needles as the cam is moved in the opposite (i.e., clockwise) direction. FIGS. 5-7 illustrates another embodiment of an implantable port. FIG. 5 shows implantable port 70 assembled with the top 12 of the port 70 in phantom to show the components thereof, while FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the implantable port 70. Implantable port 70, similarly to implantable port 10 and 60, includes a top 12, a septum 30 and a gear 46. However, implantable port 70 includes a different base and needle configuration. As seen best in FIG. 6, the base 80 includes a pair of opposing ramps 82 configured for the two needles 90, which include needle tips 92, needle bodies 94 and needle posts 96. The posts 96 include enlarged distal sections that in this embodiment are shown in the form of balls, which aid in smooth movement over the ramps 82. Each of the needles 90 sit on a top surface 84 of the ramp 84, the surface 84 being angled toward the fluid reservoir 22 to facilitate movement of the needle 90 thereover. The cam 48 includes two slots for receiving the enlarged portion of the posts 96. In an initial position for implantation into a body, shown in FIG. 5, the suture needles 90 are within the port 70 and the needle posts 96 are adjacent the platform 88 of the port 70 within the slots 49 of the cam 48. At this stage, the port 70 has a smooth outer profile and can be safely handled by a clinician without fear of coming into contact with a needle point or other sharp edge thereof. Also, at this stage, the suture needles 90 are locked into place by the cam 48. Using a tool, the gear 46 is rotated in a clockwise direction, which rotates the cam 48 about the fluid reservoir 22 in a counterclockwise direction (of course, the direction of movement could be reversed with respect to the gear 46 and the cam 48). Rotation of the cam 48 causes a distal portion of the suture needles 90, including the needle tips 92 to move through passageways and out of the bottom of the base 80 as the suture needle posts 96 track over the surface 84 of the ramps 82. As the needle tips 92 travel out of the needle passageways, they engage tissue of a body in which the port 70 is implanted. Continued movement of the needles 90 through the tissue as the cam 48 is rotated anchors the port 70 to the body tissue. At this stage, the cam 48 acts to lock the suture needles 90 in position to prevent accidental detachment. FIG. 7B is a bottom view of the port 70 following complete rotation of the cam 48 such that the suture needle posts 96 have traveled from a first side of respective ramps 82 adjacent platform 88, to a second side, causing the suture needle tips 92 to travel in a similar path through the body tissue. As shown in FIG. 7B, the suture needle tips 92 emerge upon initiation of the suturing process from first openings 85 and, upon completion of the suturing process, enter into second openings 86. In this embodiment, the second openings 86 have a cross-sectional area larger than the first openings 85 and can be filled with silicone or a like material, providing a larger target for the suture needles in the event that they are bent or otherwise prevented from reaching the openings 86. In addition, the openings 86 may be tapered to facilitate entry of the suture needle tips 92. FIG. 7A is a front view of the port 70 following completion of the suturing process. Applicant believes that notable benefits to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5-7 include, for example, a minimum of component parts, very good tissue penetration without penetrating deep into the patient's tissue due to suture needle and track configuration, and flexible suture needle design, which aids in patient comfort. The suture needles 90 are much longer and can have a larger diameter than the suture needles 50 such that at least some of the aforementioned benefits are achieved. The suture needles 90 in one embodiment are flexible and/or rounded to decrease pain or patient discomfort. Further, the port 70 can be easily removed from the body in which it is implanted by simply turning the gear 46 in the opposite direction (i.e., counterclockwise), which rotates the cam 48 in a clockwise direction, thereby withdrawing the needles from second openings 86 and back through openings 85 until fully within the port 70. Also, because the gear can be positioned on the port for easy access following implantation of the port within a subcutaneous pocket, a smaller pocket may be utilized as the port can be attached by simply inserting a tool into the gear and rotating the gear as described. Moreover, as best seen in FIG. 7A, the top 72 includes gripping bumps 74 on an outer surface, which in this embodiment are subtle indentations in the outer surface of the port top 72 to facilitate the handling of the port 70 by the clinician. Other types of gripping surfaces are also possible to assist in the handling of the port 70 and are within the scope of this invention. It should be appreciated that gripping bumps and/or gripping surfaces can be incorporated to any of the implantable ports of this invention. Applicant recognizes that the features of the port top 12 and 72, including an opening and conical seat for the gear 46, indentations to receive the ridges 29 or ramps 82, gripping bumps 74, etc., are moldable with a single-direction mold. Also, as shown and described in commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/189,577, which is incorporated by reference into this application as if fully set forth herein, the port 70 can include an energy director positioned on a top surface 89 of the port base 80 and a corresponding flat on the underside of the port top 72 such that far field welding may be utilized to weld a joint between the port top 72 and the port base 80. FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate one type of mechanism for incorporation into gear 46. Gear 46 is shown in a partial cross-sectional view without the gear teeth 45. The gear 46 has a frusto-conical shaped top and a throughgoing lumen that extends from an opening 4 in the top to an opening 6 in the base. The lumen has a cross-sectional area in the base region larger than in the top region. The opening 4 is rectangular, but can be of any shape, configured to receive a tool therethrough (e.g., hexagonal, cross-shaped, circular, etc.). Positioned within the lumen of the gear 46 is a tab member 5, which in the embodiment shown is T-shaped, but depending on the cross-sectional shape of the lumen, could be shaped differently. The T-shaped member has a narrow portion thereof in the lumen of the top region and a wide portion thereof in the lumen of the bottom region of the gear 46, the wide portion of the tab member 5 having a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the lumen of the top region to prevent entering therein. In this embodiment, the top portion of the tab member is configured to fit snuggly within the lumen of the top region. A spring or compression member 7 is positioned within the lumen bottom region against the wide portion of the tab member 5. To activate, a tool is inserted into the opening 4, pressing the tab member 5 inward a sufficient distance for rotation of the gear 46 by the tool (i.e., the tool is inserted a sufficient distance to provide a mechanical advantage to a twisting motion thereof), which acts to rotate the cam and initiate the suturing process. When the tool is removed from the lumen of the gear 46, the spring member 7 presses the tab member 5 back toward the opening 4 such that the opening 4 is closed to fluid or bodily tissue. Due to the simplicity of this design, the gear 46 can be activated to suture a port to a body without complicated and/or specialty instruments. In another embodiment of an implantable port, a single needle could be utilized to anchor the port to a body into which it is implanted. For example, a suture needle having a preformed shape that defines the path of the suture needle is wound around a section of the port base (e.g., the fluid reservoir) in a manner similar to a tape measure. Movement of the suture needle out of the port base and into the patient's tissue involves rotation of a movable member, which in one embodiment is the port base itself or a section thereof, and which in another embodiment is a geared ring that is attached to the end of the suture needle and is configured to rotate around the port base in a manner similar to that of the cam, as described herein (e.g., is connected to a gear or other mechanism that when activated causes movement of the movable member). In one embodiment, the suture needle is fixed, having an initial relaxed state within the implantable port. A tensioning member is positioned adjacent a section of the port base such that the suture needle is positioned between the tensioning member and the port base section. Movement of the suture needle out of the bottom or side of the port base and into the patient's tissue involves rotation of the tensioning member around the section of the port base and against the suture needle along a length thereof. As the tensioning member moves along the length of the needle in a distal direction with respect thereto (being initially positioned at the proximal end thereof), tension is applied to the needle, which is flexible, forcing movement in the distal direction of the portion of the needle distal the tensioning member. Retraction of the needle involves movement of the tensioning member along the length of the needle in a proximal direction, which removes the tension and permits the suture needle to resume its relaxed state within the port. Each of the embodiments mentioned above may be activated through the use of a gear type mechanism as disclosed herein. In another embodiment, the suture needle is fixed, having an initial relaxed state within the implantable port, and is connected to a pull-tab that extends out of the port. When the port has been implanted and activation is desired to attach the port to the patient, the clinician applies force to the pull-tab (e.g., pulls the pull-tab in a direction away from the port), causing the suture needle to become tensioned, thereby forcing the distal end of the suture needle out of the port base and into the patient's tissue. A latching mechanism is then activated upon full extension of the tab out of the port and the pull-tab detaches so that it can be discarded. When deactivation of the implantable port is desired to remove the implantable port from the patient, a tool is utilized to release the latching mechanism such that the tension is removed from the suture needle, whereby the suture needle resumes its relaxed state and retracts back into the implantable port. The implantable port can be fashioned such that either a standard tool or a specialized tool can be utilized to release the latching mechanism. Although the embodiments are described with respect to single suture needles, two or more needles could also be incorporated into these embodiments. Also, the ports can be configured to have the suture needle(s) project from a side of the port, rather than from the bottom of the port base. For example, the suture needle(s) could extend parallel to the bottom of the port base or at an angle with respect thereto. This invention has been described and specific examples of the invention have been portrayed. While the invention has been described in terms of particular variations and illustrative figures, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the variations or figures described. In addition, where methods and steps described above indicate certain events occurring in certain order, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the ordering of certain steps may be modified and that such modifications are in accordance with the variations of the invention. Additionally, certain of the steps may be performed concurrently in a parallel process when possible, as well as performed sequentially as described above. Therefore, to the extent there are variations of the invention, which are within the spirit of the disclosure or equivalent to the inventions found in the claims, it is the intent that this patent will cover those variations as well. Finally, all publications and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually put forth herein. 1. An implantable port comprising an attachment mechanism positioned within a port body, the attachment mechanism including at least one suture needle, the suture needle in contact with a movable member such that movement of the movable member causes at least a portion of the suture needle to exit the port body. 2. The implantable port according to claim 1, wherein the port body comprises a port base and a port top, the suture needle positioned over a raised section of the port base. 3. The implantable port according to claim 2, wherein the port base includes a plurality of ridges, the attachment mechanism comprising suture needles equal in number to the ridges. 4. The implantable port according to claim 2, wherein the port base includes a first ramp and a second ramp, the attachment mechanism comprising a first needle and a second needle configured for movement over a surface of the first and second ramps. 5. The implantable port according to claim 2, wherein the suture needle comprises a sharp tip, a curved body and a post with an enlarged section, the enlarged section configured to smoothly track over the raised section. 6. The implantable port according to claim 5, wherein the port base includes a first passageway and a second passageway, each configured for passage of at least a portion of the suture needle, wherein initial movement of the movable member causes the needle tip to exit the port body through the first passageway and continued movement of the movable member causes the needle tip to enter the port body through the second passageway. 7. The implantable port according to claim 1, wherein the movable member comprises a cam, including a slot for receiving a portion of the suture needle. 8. The implantable port according to claim 7, wherein the cam is connected to a gear, the gear comprising an opening configured to receive a tool. 9. The implantable port according to claim 7, wherein the cam comprises a first section and a second section, each configured with intermeshing wedges. 10. The implantable port according to claim 1, wherein the port body comprises one or more gripping surfaces. 11. The implantable port according to claim 1, wherein the suture needle is flexible and wherein the movable member comprises a tensioning member. 12. The implantable port according to claim 1, wherein the suture needle is flexible and wherein the movable member comprises a pull-tab. 13. An implantable port, comprising a port body, including a port top and a port base, the port base including at least one raised section; a suture needle having generally the same shape as the raised section and positioned thereover; and a cam configured for rotation about a central axis of the port, the cam connected to the suture needle such that movement of the cam causes movement of the suture needle. 14. The implantable port according to claim 13, further comprising a gear connected to the cam, the gear including an opening configured to receive a tool. 15. The implantable port according to claim 13, wherein the suture needle comprises a sharp tip on one end and a post on the opposite end, the post forming an angle with respect to a body of the suture needle. 16. The implantable port according to claim 15, wherein the port base includes a first passageway and a second passageway, each configured for passage of at least a portion of the suture needle, wherein initial movement of the movable member causes the needle tip to exit the port body through the first passageway and continued movement of the movable member causes the needle tip to enter the port body through the second passageway. 17. A method for attaching a port to a body, the port including a suture needle coupled to a movable member, the suture needle and movable member enclosed within a port body, comprising: implanting the port into a subcutaneous pocket formed in the body; and moving the movable member from a first position within the port to a second position within the port such that at least a portion of the suture needle exits the port body through an opening. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the movable member comprises a cam including a slot configured to receive an end of the suture needle, the moving comprising simultaneous movement of the end of the suture needle over a surface of a port base and within the slot. 19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the suture needle is flexible, and wherein the movable member comprises a tensioning member in contact with the suture needle, the moving comprising moving the tensioning member along a length of the suture needle applying tension thereto. 20. The method according to claim 17, wherein the suture needle is flexible, and wherein the movable member comprises a pull-tab connected to the suture needle, the moving comprising pulling the pull-tab in a direction away from the port..

US-202017018196-A_4

USPTO

Public Domain

Example 1A N-(4-(N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide A: 4-cyano-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide 2-(Trifluoromethoxy)aniline (10.902 g, 58.5 mmol) was dissolved in pyridine (100 mL) and cooled to 0° C. A solution of 4-cyanobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (11.573 g, 55.7 mmol) was added in pyridine (100 mL) over 10 minutes via addition funnel. The mixture was heated to 85° C. for 16 hours and the pyridine was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with DCM and washed with 1M HCl (×2), water (×1), brine (×1), and saturated NaHCO₃ (×1). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered, concentrated, and purified by Biotage SP1 (hexanes/DCM) to afford the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (300 HMz; DMSO-d₆): δ 10.58 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, 2H), 7.89 (d, 2H), 7.30 (s, 4H). B: 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide 4-Cyano-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide (2.0 g, 5.84 mmol) was dissolved in THF (30 mL) and borane tetrahydrofuran complex (14.61 mL of a 1M solution in THF) was added. The mixture was heated to 70° C. for 2 hours, then cooled to room temperature followed by the addition of MeOH (10 mL). The mixture was briefly warmed to 70° C. for 15 minutes, then the volatiles removed under reduced pressure and EtOAc (100 mL) and 1N NaOH (50 mL) were added to the residue. The layers were separated, and the organic layer washed with water and brine. The combined aqueous washes were extracted with EtOAc, combined with the previous organic extracts, and dried over MgSO₄. The residue was purified by Biotage SP1 (McOH/DCM/NH₃ gradient) to afford the title compound as a pale yellow solid. ¹H NMR (300 HMz; DMSO-d₆): δ 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.19 (d, 1H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 6.89 (t, 1H), 6.58 (t, 1H), 3.84 (s, 2H). C: N-(4-(N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide A mixture of 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (478 mg, 2.95 mmol), 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide (973 mg, 2.81 mmol), HATU (1.122 g, 2.95 mmol), DIEA (1.082 mL, 6.20 mmol), and DMF (15 mL) at 25° C. were stirred for 16 hours at ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed successively with saturated NaHCO₃ and brine. The organic extracts were separated and dried over MgSO₄, filtered, concentrated, and purified by Biotage SP1 (DCM/MeOH gradient). The combined fractions were triturated with Et₂O to afford the product as a white solid. ¹H NMR (300 HMz; DMSO-d₆): δ 12.10 (br s, 1H), 9.23 (t, 1H), 8.98 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 2H), 7.47 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 1H), 7.31-7.19 (m, 6H), 4.58 (d, 2H). LC-MS: 491.11 (M+1). Example 1B N-(4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (4-(Piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine (155 mg, 0.609 mmol) and trimethylaluminum (0.30 mL, 0.600 mmol) were combined in toluene (2 mL) and stirred for 30 minutes at ambient temperature. A solution of methyl thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (100 mg, 0.518 mmol, prepared according to WO 2004/064836) in toluene (2 mL) was then added and the mixture heated to 110° C. for 16 hours. Upon cooling, a saturated solution of potassium sodium tartrate and EtOAc were added and the mixture stirred vigorously for 30 minutes and then filtered. The layers were separated, the organics dried over MgSO₄, and purified by Biotage SP1 (100% EtOAc) to afford the title compound as white foam. ¹H NMR (300 HMz; CDCl₃): δ 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.50 (d, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.79 (t, 1H), 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.48 (d, 2H), 7.36 (d, 2H), 4.69 (d, 2H), 2.89 (t, 4H), 1.63-1.55 (m, 4H), 1.42-1.34 (m, 2H) LC-MS: 416.11 (M+1). Example IC N-(4-(N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide A: N-(4-(N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)acetamide A mixture of 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (25 mg, 0.1 mmol), 2,5-dimethoxyaniline (15.3 mg, 0.1 mmol), and pyridine (0.25 mL) in DMA (1 mL) were heated at 50° C. for 16 hours before being concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by PTLC (100% EtOAc) to afford the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 HMz; CDCl₃): δ 7.73 (d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 6.66 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (dd, J=8.8 Hz, J′=3.2 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (br s, 1H), 4.46 (d, J=6 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.61 (s, 3H), 2.07 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 364.99 (M+1). B: (4-(N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)methanaminium Chloride A mixture of N-(4-(N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)acetamide (28 mg, 0.077 mmol) and 3N HCl (0.5 mL, 1.5 mmol) in 70% i-PrOH (0.5 mL) was heated at 100° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was concentrated to dryness in vacuo to afford the title compound as off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 HMz; CDCl₃): δ 7.84 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.04 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J=9.2 Hz, J′=3.2 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (br s, 1H), 4.16 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.54 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 323.03 (M+1) C: N-(4-(N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide The title compound was prepared following Example 1C, substituting BOP in place of HATU, and 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide in place of 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide. The product was purified by PTLC. ¹H NMR (400 HMz; CD₃OD): δ 8.90 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J=8.8 Hz, J′=3.2 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.46 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 466.98 (M+1). Example 2: Preparation of Representative Amide-Sulfone Analogues These examples illustrate the preparation of representative substituted amide-sulfonamide analogues. Example 2 A N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: 4-(phenylsulfonyl) Benzonitrile A mixture of 4-fluorobenzonitrile (5 g, 41.3 mmol) and sodium benzenesulfinate (7.45 g, 45.4 mmol) in DMSO (30 mL) was heated at 130° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured onto 300 g of ice. The precipitate was collected, washed with water, and dried to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.03-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.93-7.97 (m, 2H), 7.78-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.60 (m7.65, 1H), 7.26-7.58 (m, 2H) b: (4-[phenylsulfonyl] phenyl) Methanamine A mixture of 4-(phenylsulfonyl) benzonitrile (9.4 g, 38.64 mmol) and Raney Ni (500 mg) in 2N NH₃-MeOH (150 mL) was hydrogenated for 16 hours at 50 psi. Nitrogen gas was bubbled through the mixture, which was then filtered through a short Celite pad, and washed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated and triturated with ether to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 7.85-7.95 (m, 4H), 7.53-7.68 (m, 5H), 3.74 (s, 2H), 1.83 (br s, 2H) c: N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide A mixture of 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-2]pyridine-2-carboxlic acid (1.0 g, 6.17 mmol), HATU (3.52 g, 9.25 mmol), diisopropylethylamine (2.69 mL, 15.42 mmol), and (4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine (1.754 g, 7.09 mmol) in DMF (70 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, water (200 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×300 mL). The combined organic layers were successively washed with water, saturated sodium bicarbonate, and brine. The extracts were dried with sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo, and purified by Biotage with MeOH/DCM (0%-10%) to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) 4.56 (d, J=5.57 Hz, 2H), 7.29 (s, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=5.57 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.66 (m, 5H), 7.91-7.94 (m, 4H), 8.20 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 8.91 (s, 1H), 9.245-9.28 (m, 1H). 12.03 (s, 1H) LC-MS: 392.13 (M+1). Example 2 B 3-bromo-N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide A mixture of N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (from Example 1; 200 mg, 0.511 mmol) and 1-bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (91 mg, 0.511 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. EtOAc (100 mL) was added to the mixture. The organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried with sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by Biotage with McOH/DCM (0%-10%) to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 12.42 (br s, 1H), 8.78 (m, 2H), 8.30 (d, 1H), 7.93 (d, 4H), 7.59-7.69 (m, 5H), 7.38 (dd, 1H), 4.59 (d, 2H) LC-MS: 470.06 (M+1). Example 2 C N-({4-[(4-fluorobenzene)sulfonyl]phenyl}methyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: 4-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl) benzonitrile The title compound was prepared following Example 1A, substituting sodium 4-fluorobenzenesulfonate for sodium benzenesulfinate. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆) δ: 8.10-8.18 (m, 6H), 7.42-7.12 (t, 2H). b: (4-[4-fluorophenylsulfonyl] Phenyl) Methanamine The title compound was prepared following Example 1B, substituting 4-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl)benzonitrile for 4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzonitrile. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, (DMSO-d₆): δ 7.8-7.96 (m, 4H), 3.74 (s, 2H), 7.42-7.64 (m, 4H), 3.64 (m, 2H). c: N-({4-[(4-fluorobenzene)sulfonyl]phenyl}methyl)thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (4-(4-Fluorophenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride (1409 mg, 4.67 mmol) was mixed with toluene (20 mL) and cooled to 0° C. Trimethylaluminum (7.00 mL of a 2M solution in toluene) was added and the mixture was stirred for 40 minutes at ambient temperature. A solution of methyl thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (820 mg, 4.24 mmol, prepared according to WO 2004/064836) in toluene (10 mL) was added via syringe, and the mixture was heated to 80° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was diluted with saturated potassium sodium tartrate (25 mL) and EtOAc (25 mL), stirred vigorously for 1 hour, and then filtered through GF/F paper. The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to a yellow solid. The residue was triturated with DCM and the title compound was collected by vacuum filtration. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.59 (t, 1H), 9.30 (s, 1H), 9.50 (d, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.04-7.98 (m, 2H), 7.96-7.90 (m, 3H), 7.56 (d, 2H), 7.47-7.40 (m, 2H), 4.55 (d, 2H) LC-MS: 427.03 (M+1). Example 2 D N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate 4-(Acetamidomethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (1.24 g, 5 mmol) was added to a water-cooled solution of Na₂SO₃ (1.89 g, 15 mmol) in water (3.75 mL) then solid NaHCO₃ (850 mg, 10 mmol) was added in several small portions to keep the pH slightly basic. The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours, affording a thick white suspension. Brine (2 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 15 minutes. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried overnight under vacuum. The solid was ground up and stirred with 125 ml of MeOH for 30 min then the solid was filtered off, washing with MeOH (20 mL). The filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 7.61 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.38 (s, 2H), 1.98 (s, 3H). b: N-(4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide A mixture of sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (23.5 mg, 0.1 mmol), benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylboronic acid (20.7 mg, 0.125 mmol), copper(II) acetate (22.7 mg, 0.125 mmol), and TEA (0.063 mL, 0.45 mmol) in DMSO (1.5 mL) was heated at 60° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between EtOAc-brine. The organic layer was separated and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by PTLC (100% EtOAc) to afford the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.85 (d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (dd, J=8 Hz, J′=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.29 (d, J=2 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 6.05 (s, 2H), 5.87 (br s, 1H), 4.47 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.04 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 333.97 (M+1) c: (4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride A mixture of N-(4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide (10 mg, 0.03 mmol) and 3N HCl (0.36 mL, 1.08 mmol) in 70% i-PrOH (0.2 mL) was heated at 100° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was concentrated to dryness to afford the title compound as off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.00 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.64 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, J′=2 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 6.08 (s, 2H), 4.19 (s, 2H). LC-MS: 219.99 (M+1) d: N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide The title compound was prepared following Example 1C, substituting (4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride for (4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine, and substituting BOP instead of HATU. The title compound was purified by PTLC. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.68 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (dd, J=8 Hz, J′=2 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=2 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.06 (s, 2H), 4.66 (s, 2H) LC-MS: 435.97 (M+1). Example 2 E 1-methyl-N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide Iodomethane (33.5 μL, 0.535 mmol) was added to a mixture of N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (Example 12; 100 mg, 0.255 mmol) and potassium carbonate (106 mg, 0.764 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated to 60° C. for 16 hours, whereupon the mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with brine (×3). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in DMSO (2 mL) and purified via HPLC to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ 9.31 (t, 1H), 9.02 (d, 1H), 8.72 (d, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.90 (m, 4H), 7.66-7.55 (m, 5H), 4.56 (d, 2H), 4.07 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 407.07 (M+1). Example 2 F 1-methyl-N-(4-(Phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: methyl 1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate Sodium hydride (48 mg (60%), 1.226 mmol) was added to a icc-cold solution of 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate 9180 mg, 1.022 mmol) in THF (3 mL). The mixture was then warmed to room temperature over 10 minutes. Iodomethane (0.070 mL, 1.124 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred for 16 hours. The mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by Biotage to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.90 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.20 (d, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 3H). b: 1-methyl-N-(4-(Phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide The title compound was prepared following Example 3C, substituting methyl 1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate and (4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine for methyl thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate and (4-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine, respectively. The title compound was purified by PTLC. ¹H NMR (DMSO-D₆): δ 9.27 (t, 1H), 8.91 (s, 1H), 8.28 (d, 1H), 7.92-7.95 (m, 4H). 7.53-7.67 (m, 6H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 4.52 (d, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 406.01 (M+1). Example 2 G N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: methyl 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate Methyl 2,2-dichloro-2-methoxyacetate (1.585 g, 9.16 mmol) was added to a solution of pyridine-3,4-diamine (0.5 g, 4.58 mmol) and DIEA (4.80 mL, 27.5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, whereupon EtOAc was added and the mixture washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered, concentrated, and purified by Biotage to afford the title compound. ¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, 1H), 7.22 (d, 1H), 4.09 (s, 3H). b: N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide The title compound was prepared following Example 3C, substituting methyl 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate and (4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine for methyl thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate and (4-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine, respectively. The title compound was purified by PTLC. ¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 7.89-7.93 (m, 4H), 7.51-7.64 (m, 5H), 7.30 (d, 1H), 4.81 (s, 2H). LC-MS: 393.02 (M+1). Example 2 H N-(4-((3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)benzyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: ethyl furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate To a solution of ethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (524 mg, 1.545 mmol, prepared according to US 20070049603) in ethanol (15 mL) was added 10% Pd/C (50 mg) and triethylamine (0.5 mL, 3.59 mmol). The mixture was placed under an atmosphere of hydrogen (balloon) and stirred for 16 hours. The mixture was filtered, concentrated, and purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (278 mg, 94%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.03 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, 1H), 7.63 (dd, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 4.48 (q, 2H), 1.45 (t, 3H). MS (ESI): 192.01 (M+H). b: furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic Acid To a solution of ethyl furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (3.82 g, 19.98 mmol) in water:THF:MeOH (1:1:1, 60 mL) was added potassium hydroxide (3.36 g, 59.9 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours. The solvent volume was then reduced to ˜20 mL and acetic acid was added until pH ˜4. The solids were collected by vacuum filtration, washed twice with water, and dried in a vacuum oven overnight to afford the title compound (2.90 g, 89%). ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.47 (d, 1H), 7.81 (dd, 1H), 7.71 (d, 1H), 3.36 (br s, 1H). c: N-(4-((3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)benzyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide To a mixture of furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (243 mg, 1.487 mmol), (4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride (500 mg, 1.487 mmol), and (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (724 mg, 1.636 mmol) in DMF (8 mL) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.571 mL, 3.27 mmol). The homogeneous reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at ambient temperature, then the DMF was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was treated with EtOAc (10 mL) and 1N NaOH (5 mL) and the mixture was stirred vigorously until a precipitate emerged. The solids were collected by vacuum filtration, rinsing with water and EtOAc, to afford the title compound (440 mg, 67%). ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ 9.62 (t, 1H), 9.03 (s, 1H), 8.46 (d, 1H), 8.02 (dt, 2H), 7.87-7.80 (m, 4H), 7.62 (d, 1H), 7.58 (d, 2H), 4.56 (d, 2H). MS (ESI): 444.82 (M+H). Example 2 I N-(4-(4-(ethylcarbamoyl)phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide a. 4-((4-cyanophenylthio)benzoic Acid In a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added 4-fluorobenzonitrile (2.121 g, 17.51 mmol), 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (3 g, 17.51 mmol), and potassium carbonate (7.26 g, 52.5 mmol) in DMF (Volume: 50 mL). The reaction was heated to 100° C. overnight and monitored by LCMS. When complete, the slurry was treated with 100 mL of water to give a clear solution. The solution was then treated with 6M aq. HCl slowly until pH<4 upon which a precipitate formed. The slurry was filtered and washed with water to give 14.8 g of crude product after drying briefly on filter. NMR showed product, an impurity and water. Dried in vacuum oven overnight to give 4.41 g of material which was adsorbed onto 50 g of silica gel and then plug filtered with 10% MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ to give 3.45 g of material which was used without further purification. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 13.18 (br s, 1H), 7.96 (d, 2H), 7.80 (d, 2H), 7.52 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 2H). b. 4-(4-cyanophenylthio)-N-ethylbenzamide In a 500 mL round-bottomed flask was added 4-(4-cyanophenylthio)benzoic acid (3.45 g, 13.51 mmol), HBTU (5.13 g, 13.51 mmol) and HOBT (2.070 g, 13.51 mmol) in DMF (Volume: 100 mL) followed by ethanamine (2M in THF, 20.27 mL, 40.5 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with 2M aq. NaOH, water and brine. The organic layer was separated, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give 2.81 g of product. Material used without further purification. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 8.57 (t, 1H), 7.89 (d, 2H), 7.75 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 3.30 (m, 2H), 1.10 (t, 3H). c. 4-(4-cyanophenylsulfonyl)-N-ethylbenzamide In a 500 mL round-bottomed flask was added 4-(4-cyanophenylthio)-N-ethylbenzamide (2.81 g, 9.95 mmol) in chloroform (Volume: 50 mL) which was cooled to 0° C. followed by the addition of mCPBA (6.87 g, 29.9 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 1 hour at 0° C. and then warmed to room temperature overnight. The reaction was diluted with chloroform and poured into a separatory funnel. The organic layer was washed with 10% aqueous sodium thiolsulfate, 2M NaOH, and saturated, aqueous sodium chloride. The bottom was separated, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 2.79 g of crude product. Material purified on Biotage to give 2.42 g of pure product (70% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 8.68 (t, 1H), 8.15 (d, 2H), 8.09 (m, 4H), 7.95 (d, 2H), 3.28 (m, 2H), 1.02 (t, 3H). LC-MS (ESI): 314.92 (M+1). d. 4-(4-(aminomethyl)phenylsulfonyl)-N-ethylbenzamide A slurry of Raney Nickel (0.660 g, 7.70 mmol) was added to a Paar flask and washed with methanol. The MeOH was removed by pipette and the process repeated twice more. 4-(4-cyanophenylsulfonyl)-N-ethylbenzamide (2.42 g, 7.70 mmol) in MeOH (Volume: 50 mL)) was then added followed by potassium hydroxide (0.043 g, 0.770 mmol) and ammonia (7M, 11.00 mL, 77 mmol) in MeOH. The slurry was placed on the Paar shaker and hydrogenated at 35 psi overnight. Reaction monitored by LCMS. The solution was then filtered through celite and washed with MeOH. The solution was then concentrated under reduced pressure to give 2.56 g of product. Material purified on Biotage to give 2.03 g of product (83% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 8.65 (t, 1H), 7.98 (m, 4H), 7.88 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 3.76 (d, 2H), 3.24 (m, 2H), 2.10 (br s, 2H), 1.15 (t, 3H). LC-MS (ESI): 318.95 (M+1). e. N-(4-(4-(ethylcarbamoyl)phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide In a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added 4-(4-(aminomethyl)phenylsulfonyl)-N-ethylbenzamide (1 g, 3.14 mmol), imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (0.509 g, 3.14 mmol) and HATU (1.314 g, 3.45 mmol) in DMF (Volume: 50 mL) followed by DIEA (1.207 mL, 6.91 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction was diluted with methylene chloride and poured into a separatory funnel. The organic layer was washed with 1M NaOH and water. The bottom was separated and concentrated and purified directly on the Biotage to give 514 mg of clean product (35% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 9.19 (t, 1H), 9.11 (t, 1H), 8.64 (t, 1H), 8.04-9.92 (m, 7H), 6.63 (m, 3H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 4.53 (d, 2H), 3.25 (m, 2H), 1.08 (t, 3H). LC-MS (ESI): 463.05 (M+1). Example 2 J N-(4-((3-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide The title compound was prepared with 80% yield by following Example 4D. ¹H NMR 6 (d₆-dmso) 9.47 (1H, d); 9.34 (1H, t); 8.92 (1H, d); 8.01 (1H, d); 7.95 (2H, d); 7.80 (1H, d); 7.58 (2H, d); 7.54-7.47 (2H, m); 7.42-7.41 (1H, m); 7.23 (1H, dt); 4.57 (2H, d and 3.81 (3H, s). LC-MS (ESI): 422.9 (M+1). Example 2 K N-(4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide a. N-(4-((1-isopropyl-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl) sulfonyl) benzyl) acetamide In a 1 μL round-bottomed flask were added sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (3.97 g, 16.89 mmol, 1.3 eq.), 1-isoproyl 1H-pyrazol-4-ylboronic acid (2 g, 12.99 mmol)] and COPPER (II) ACETATE (2.6 g, 14.29 mmol)), POTASSIUM CARBONATE (3.95 g, 28.6 mmol) in DMSO (50 ml) followed by 10 g of 4 Å molecular sieves. The reaction was stirred overnight. Added water and EtOAc, filtered through a short celite pad, added EtOAc, washed with water twice, dried and concentrated. The biotage column purification afforded 1.9 g of N-(4-((1-isopropyl-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl) sulfonyl) benzyl) acetamide (45%). ¹HNMR (DMSO-D₆): δ 8.50 (s, 1H). 8.42 (t, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, 2H), 7.43 (d, 2H), 4.52 (m, 1H), 4.28 (d, 2H), 1.36 (d, 6H) b. (4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl) phenyl) methanamine HCl The mixture of a 3M HCl solution (80 ml) and, N-(4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide (1.9 g, 5.91 mmol) in 2-Propanol (100 ml) was refluxed for over weekend, removed solvent, added ether, filtered and dried to afford 1.4 g of (4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine HCl salt (75%) ¹HNMR (DMSO-d₆): δ 8.50 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.98 (m, 3H), 7.85 (dd, 1H), 7.69 (d, 2H), 4.52 (m, 1H), 4.08 (d, 2H), 1.37 (d, 6H). c. N-(4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide In a 250 mL round-bottomed flask were added imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (0.719 g, 4.43 mmol), (4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine, HCl (1.4 g, 4.43 mmol) and HBTU (1.849 g, 4.88 mmol), HOBT (0.747 g, 4.88 mmol) and DIEA (3.87 mL, 22.16 mmol) in DMF (Volume: 50 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with methylene chloride and washed with 1M aq. NaOH. The organic layer was separated and concentrated and directly purified in the Biotage to give 1.24 g of N-(4-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine-6-carboxamide. ¹HNMR (DMSO-D₆): δ 9.20 (t, 1H), 9.13 (s, 2H), 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.88-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.53-7.67 (m, 4H), 4.42-4.55 (m, 3H), 1.37 (d, 6H). LC-MS: 424.01 (M+1) Example 2 L N-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide The mixture of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (0.8 g, 4.90 mmol), HATU (1.87 g, 4.90 mmol), diisopropylethylamine (1.2 mL, 6.69 mmol), and (4-(phenylsulfonyl) phenyl)methanamine (1.10 g, 4.46 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The DMF was removed under reduced pressure. 150 mL of water was added to the residue and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organic layers was washed with water, saturated sodium bicarbonate, brine, dried with sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by Biotage with MeOH/DCM (0%-10%) to yield the title compound. ¹H NMR (DMSO-d6): 9.27 (t, 1H), 8.98 (d, 1H), 8.72 (d, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.90 (m, 4H), 7.66-7.55 (m, 5H), 4.56 (d, 2H). LC-MS: 393.01 (M+1). Example 2 M N-(4-(2,4-dimethylthiazol-5-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide A mixture of copper iodide (0.2 M DMSO, 100 μL, 20 μmol), cesium (S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (0.2 M DMSO w/14% MeOH (v/v), 200 μL, 40 μmol), sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (0.2 M DMSO, 200 μL, 40 μmol) and 5-bromo-2,4-dimethylthiazole (0.2 M DMSO, 240 μL, 48 μmol) was heated at 90° C. with shaking over night. The reaction was treated with aqueous ammonia and extracted with EtOAc and the organic extract was concentrated to dryness and the resulting residue was dissolved in 70% i-PrOH (0.35 mL) and 3N HCl (0.35 mL, 1.05 mmol) and was heated at 90° C. for 4 hours then concentrated to dryness. The residue was treated with triethylamine (5% in ACN (v/v), 200 uL) and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (0.2 M in DMA w/10% TEA (v/v), 240 uL, 48 umol) and BOP (0.2 M DCE, 260 uL, 52 umol). The solution was heated to 40° C. for 4 h then cooled to room temperature and partitioned between NaOH and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by LC/MS to afford the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.87 (dd, J=1.6 Hz, J′=0.8 Hz 1H), 7.89 (dt, J=8.4 Hz, J′=2 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=8.4 Hz 2H), 7.43 (dd, J=9.2 Hz, J′=2 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (bs, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=6 Hz, 2H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 427.10 (M+1) Example 2 N N-(3-(naphthalen-2-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide To a mixture of sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (0.2 M MeOH, 100 μL, 20 μmol) and zinc chloride (0.5 M THF, 40 μL, 20 μmol), cesium carbonate (1.43 M MeOH, 25 μL, 35 μmol) then 2-bromonapthelene (0.2 M Toluene, 110 μL, 22 μmol) were added. A toluene solution of XantPhos and Pd₂dba₃ (0.01 M XantPhos/0.005 M Pd₂dba₃, 50 μL, 2.5 mol %) was added and the reaction was heated for 4 h at 95° C. under nitrogen. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and 70% i-PrOH (0.35 mL) and 3N HCl (0.35 mL, 1.05 mmol) were added and was heated at 95° C. for 4 hours then concentrated to dryness. The residue was treated with triethylamine (5% in ACN (v/v), 100 μL) and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (0.2 M in DMA w/10% TEA (v/v), 120 μL, 24 μmol) and BOP (0.2 M DCE, 130 μL, 26 μmol). The solution was heated to 40° C. for 4 h then cooled to room temperature and partitioned between NaOH and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and deposited on a SCX-SPE cartridge which was eluted to two fractions: the 1^(st) with 25% McOH/EtOAc (v/v), the 2^(nd) with Et3N/MeOH/EtOAc (1:1:10 v/v/v). The second fraction was concentrated to dryness and was purified by LC/MS to afford the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.85 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 7.93 (m, 4H), 7.87 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (dd, J=8.8 Hz, J′=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (m, 5H), 7.47 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 6.81 (m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 2H). LC-MS: 442.13 (M+1) Example 2 O N-(4-(naphthalen-2-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a. Tert-Butyl 4-bromobenzylcarbamate A 200-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar was charged with (4-bromophenyl)methanamine hydrochloride (5.23 g, 23.50 mmol), K₂C03 (3.90 g, 28.2 mmol), MeTHF (Ratio: 4.00, Volume: 50 ml), and Water (Ratio: 1.000, Volume: 12.5 ml). To the resulting mixture was added BOC₂O (6.00 ml, 25.9 mmol) in one portion at rt with stirring. LCMS after 1 h suggested clean, complete conversion. The mixture was diluted with additional MeTHF (50 mL) and water (10 mL), and the layers separated. The organic layer was washed with half-saturated brine (2×25 mL) and then concentrated under reduced pressure to 7.2 g of a white solid. The crude product was used without further purification in the next step. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.44 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 4.85 (br s, 1H), 4.26 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H) ppm. b. Methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylthio)propanoate A 200-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar and containing tert-butyl 4-bromobenzylcarbamate, crude (6.72 g, 23.5 mmol) was charged with Toluene (Volume: 50 ml), Hunig'sBase (8.21 ml, 47.0 mmol), XANTPHOS (0.680 g, 1.175 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.538 g, 0.588 mmol), and finally methyl 3-mercaptopropanoate (2.60 ml, 23.50 mmol). The mixture was then heated to 100° C. LCMS after 1 h suggested significant conversion, although starting bromide was still evident by 220 nm. LCMS after 2 h a little better. After 2.5 h, heating was discontinued. After cooling, the mixture was loaded directly on a short silica gel column. Elution with 5:1 hexanes-EtOAc, 4:1 hexanes-EtOAc, and finally 3:1 hexanes-EtOAc afforded methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylthio)propanoate (7.19 g, 22.09 mmol, 94% yield) as a nearly colorless oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.32 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 4.84 (br s, 1H), 4.28 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.61 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H) ppm. ESMS: 348.15 (M+Na) c. Methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate A 500-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar was charged with OXONE (23.61 g, 38.4 mmol) and Water (Ratio: 1.822, Volume: 82 ml). The mixture was stirred at rt for 5 min in order to dissolve the Oxone. Next, a solution of methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylthio)propanoate (5.0 g, 15.36 mmol) in Acetonitrile (Ratio: 1.000, Volume: 45 ml) was added at rt with rapid stirring. The mixture was stirred at rt. After 2.5 h, an aliquot was removed, worked up, and analyzed by ¹H NMR, which confirmed complete conversion to sulfone. LCMS also looked good. The reaction mixture was then extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). This extract was concentrated under reduced pressure. The aqueous layer was re-extracted once with fresh EtOAc. This extract was combined with the first, concentrated extract. The combined solution was washed twice with half-saturated brine (2×50 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate (5.17 g, 14.46 mmol, 94% yield) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.86 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 5.03 (br s, 1H), 4.41 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.41 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.74 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H) ppm. ESMS: 380.07 (M+Na) d. Methyl 3-(4-(aminomethyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate Hydrochlorid A 200-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar and containing methyl 3-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate (5.16 g, 14.44 mmol) was charged with MeOH (Volume: 50 ml) followed by HYDROCHLORIC ACID, cone (1.323 ml, 15.88 mmol). The solution was then heated to 50° C. LCMS after overnight indicated complete conversion. Heating was discontinued. After cooling, the slurry was concentrated partially under reduced pressure, removing 32 mL of MeOH. The resulting concentrated slurry was diluted with MTBE (50 mL). The slurry was stirred at rt for 30 min, then filtered on a glass, medium frit, 60-mL Buchner funnel. The filter cake was washed with MTBE and dried under suction and a positive pressure of nitrogen to afford methyl 3-(4-(aminomethyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate hydrochloride (4.10 g, 13.96 mmol, 97% yield) as a snow-white, crystalline, free-flowing solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 8.62 (br s, 2H), 7.92 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.77 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (s, 2H), 3.58 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.52 (s, 3H), 2.59 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H) ppm. ESMS: 258.10 (M+1). e. Methyl 3-(4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate A 25-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar was charged with furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (135 mg, 0.828 mmol), methyl 3-(4-(aminomethyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate hydrochloride (243 mg, 0.828 mmol), EtOH (Volume: 2.7 ml), N-METHYLMORPHOLINE (0.218 ml, 1.986 mmol), and finally EDC (190 mg, 0.993 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt. LCMS after 75 min shows some conversion, with longer-retaining by-product also forming. LCMS after 3 h shows some more conversion, but not significant. After 3.5 h, HOBT (6.34 mg, 0.041 mmol) was added. LCMS, 75 min after HOBT addition, not much different. LCMS after overnight not much different. The reaction mixture was slowly diluted with water (8.1 mL). The resulting slurry was stirred at rt for 1 h, then filtered on a 30-mL, medium frit, glass Buchner funnel. The solid was washed with water and dried under suction and a positive pressure of nitrogen to yield methyl 3-(4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate (0.12 g, 0.298 mmol, 36.0% yield) as a slightly off-white fluffy powder. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): 9.67 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.47 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (dd, J=5.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.49 (s, 3H), 2.59 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H) ppm. ESMS: 403.03 (M+1) f. Sodium 4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)benzenesulfinate A 25-mL RBF equipped with a magnetic stir bar was charged with methyl 3-(4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)phenylsulfonyl)propanoate (113 mg, 0.281 mmol) followed by a solution of SODIUM ETHOXIDE (21 wt % in EtOH) (91 mg, 0.281 mmol) dissolved in MeOH (Volume: 2 ml). The mixture was stirred at rt. Over time, the solid dissolved. LCMS after 30 min shows ca 80-85% conversion. LCMS after 1 h shows essentially complete conversion. Note: no transient intermediate/by-product isomeric with the SM was observed as in the case with the analogous azaindole experiments. LCMS after 2 h shows complete, clean conversion. After 2.5 h, the solution was concentrated under a gentle stream of nitrogen overnight to afford sodium 4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)benzenesulfinate (0.102 g, 0.301 mmol, 107% yield) as an off-white/light tan solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J=5.2, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=0.6 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 4.44 (s, 2H) ppm. ESMS: 317.04 (M+1) g. N-(4-(naphthalen-2-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide To a mixture of naphthylen-2-boronic acid (0.2 M dioxane, 150 μL, 30 μmol) and diacetoxycopper (0.2 M DMSO, 150 μL, 30 μmol) and triethylamine (Neat, 9.3 μL, 67 μmol), sodium 4-((furo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl) benzene sulfinate (0.2 M DMSO, 50 μL, 10 μmol) was added and the reaction was heated at 40° C. over night. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between aqueous ammonia and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and deposited on a SCX-SPE cartridge which was eluted to two fractions: the 1^(st) with 25% MeOH/EtOAc (v/v), the 2^(nd) with ammonia in methanol (2 N). The second fraction was concentrated to dryness and was purified by LC/MS to afford the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=2 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (m, 3H), 7.92 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (m, 2H), 7.62 (m, 3H), 7.51 (m, 3H), 7.08 (m, 1H), 4.72 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H). LC-MS: 443.22 (M+1) Example 2 P N-(4-(5-(dimethylamino) pyrazin-2-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide a. N-(4-(5-(dimethylamino)pyrazin-2-ylsulfonyl)benzyl) Acetamide The mixture of XANTPHOS (0.573 g, 0.990 mmol), Cs2CO3 (6.45 g, 19.80 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (0.453 g, 0.495 mmol), 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinic acid, sodium salt (3.51 g, 14.85 mmol), 5-bromo-N,N-dimethylpyrazin-2-amine (2 g, 9.90 mmol) in Toluene (50 ml) was degassed and heated to 120° C. for overnight. Cooled to RT, added EtOAc, washed with water, dried and concentrated, The Biotage purification afforded 1.6 g of the target compound (48%). ¹HNMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.75 (s, 1H). 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 2H), 6.11 (b, 1H), 4.45 (d, 2H), 3.21 (s, 6H), 2.16 (s, 3H). b. 5-((4-(aminomethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-N, N-dimethylpyrazin-2-amine Hydrochloride The mixture of a 3M HCl solution (80 ml) and, N-(4-(5-(dimethylamino)pyrazin-2-ylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide (1.6 g) in 2-Propanol (100 ml) was refluxed for over weekend, removed solvent, added ether, filtered and dried to afford 1.2 g of the target compound as a hydrochloride (76%). ¹HNMR (DMSO-D₆): 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, 2H), 7.45 (d, 2H), 4.08 (d, 2H), 3.13 (s, 6H). c. N-(4-(5-(dimethylamino) pyrazin-2-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide In a 250 mL round-bottomed flask was added imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (0.592 g, 3.65 mmol), 5-(4-(aminomethyl) phenylsulfonyl)-N, N-dimethylpyrazin-2-amine, HCl (1.2 g, 3.65 mmol) and HBTU (1.522 g, 4.01 mmol), HOBT (0.615 g, 4.01 mmol) and DIEA (3.19 mL, 18.25 mmol) in DMF (50 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with methylene chloride and washed with 1M aq. NaOH. The organic layer was separated and concentrated and directly purified in the Biotage to give 235 mg of N-(4-(5-(dimethylamino) pyrazin-2-ylsulfonyl) benzyl) imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine-6-carboxamide (15%). ¹HNMR (DMSO-d₆): δ 9.21 (t, 1H), 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.67 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, 2H), 7.63 (d, 2H), 7.54 (d, 2H), 4.53 (d, 2H), 3.11 (s, 6H). LC-MS: 437.0 (M+1) Example 2 Q N-(4-((3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide a: 4-((3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)thio)benzonitrile To a colorless solution of 3-(trifluoromethoxy)benzenethiol (5.0 g, 25.8 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) was added K₂C03 (4.21 g, 30.4 mmol) forming a yellow mixture. To this mixture was added 4-fluorobenzonitrile (2.84 g, 23.4 mmol). The mixture was heated to 120° C. for 16 h, cooled to room temperature, and diluted with 1N NaOH and Et20. The layers were separated. The organic layer was washed sequentially with 1N NaOH and brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by Biotage SP1 to afford the desired product as colorless oil (6.09 g, 88% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.8-8.06 (m, 2H), 7.89-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.78-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.61 (t, 1H), 7.47 (d, 2H). LC-MS: 295.93 (M+H). b: 4-((3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)benzonitrile To a solution of 4-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylthio)benzonitrile (6.09 g, 20.6 mmol) in CHCl₃ (110 mL) at 0° C. was added mCPBA (20.88 g, 91.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred and warmed to room temperature slowly overnight. The solids were removed by vacuum filtration, rinsed with CHCl₃. The filtrate was washed with 1N NaOH (×2). The separated organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered, concentrated to afford the product without further purification for next step (6.00 g, 89%). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.08 (d, 1H), 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.89-7.80 (m, 4H), 7.61 (t, 1H), 7.49-7.43 (m, 1H). LC-MS: 349.90 (M+Na). c: (4-((3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine To a small flask was added 3 pipette-full slurry of Raney Ni in water and then added methanol (2 mL). The wash solvent (MeOH) was removed via pipette. The wash was repeated twice more, affording about 7 equivalents of nickel. To a 500 mL Parr reaction cylinder was added 4-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylsulfonyl)benzonitrile (6.00 g, 18.3 mmol) in MeOH (120 ml), followed by addition of the prewashed nickel, 7N ammonia (37.2 ml, 26.0 mmol) in MeOH and potassium hydroxide (0.329 g, 5.9 mmol). The mixture was vacuumed and purged with H₂ three times, then hydrogenated at 50 psi overnight. LC-MS analysis indicated the completion of the hydrogenation of nitrile. The mixture was filtered through celite. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by Biotage SP1 affording the product as light yellow oil (4.20 g, 93% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 7.99-7.91 (m, 4H), 7.75-7.73 (m, 3H), 7.58 (d, 2H), 3.76 (s, 2H). LC-MS: 331.97 (M+H). d: N-(4-((3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)benzyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide A mixture of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid (0.739 g, 4.53 mmol), (4-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine (1.5 g, 4.53 mmol), BOP (2.203 g, 4.98 mmol) and DIEA (0.949 mL, 5.43 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to remove the DMF. The residue was diluted with EtOAc and then washed with 1N NaOH. The separated aqueous layer was back-extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with 5% AcOH, water, brine and dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. Purification by Biotage SP1 of the crude afforded the title compound as off-white solids (980 mg, 45% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 9.47 (d, 1H), 9.35 (t, 1H), 9.23 (d, 1H), 8.01-7.98 (m, 5H), 7.80-7.31 (m, 3H), 7.60 (d, 2H), 4.57 (d, 2H). LC-MS: 476.87 (M+1). Example 2 R N-(4-(benzylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: N-(4-(benzylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide To a solution of sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (1 g, 4.25 mmol) in water (12 mL) were added TBAI (0.157 g, 0.425 mmol) and (bromomethyl)benzene (0.742 g, 4.34 mmol) under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was heated to 70° C. for 2 h. The white solids were precipitated out. LC-MS analysis showed that the major peak was the desired product. The white solids were filtered and washed with water and ether to remove TBAI, then dried under reduced pressure to give 696 mg of desired product with 90% HPLC purity. The collected solids were used for next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.33-7.23 (m, 5H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 5.94 (brs, 1H), 4.50 (d, 2H), 4.29 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 3H). LC-MS: 304.12 (M+H). b: (4-(benzylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine Hydrochloride A mixture of N-(4-(benzylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide (300 mg, 0.989 mmol) and 3N HCl (11.87 ml, 35.6 mmol) in ^(i)PrOH (11 mL) was heated to 100° C. The cloudy mixture turned to a clear solution as temperature rose. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at 100° C. LC-MS analysis indicated completion of hydrolysis. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. The white crystals were precipitated and filtered, rinsed with cold mixture of PrOH/ether to afford hydrochloride salt of the desired product (235 mg, 80% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 8.44 (brs, 3H), 7.75, 7.65 (dd, 4H), 7.29-7.27 (m, 3H), 7.16-7.13 (m, 2H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 4.12 (s, 2H). LC-MS: 262.11 (M+H). c: N-(4-(benzylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (57.2 mg, 0.353 mmol), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-ol (59.0 mg, 0.437 mmol) and EDC (86 mg, 0.450 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous THF (4 mL), followed by addition of Hunig's base (0.12 mL, 0.7 mmol). The mixture formed a slurry solution. DMF (1 mL) was added. After stirring for 15 min., (4-(benzylsulfonyl) phenyl)methanamine hydrochloride (100 mg, 0.336 mmol) and Hunig's base (0.12 mL, 0.7 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 65° C. overnight, then diluted with ethyl acetate (×2). The combined organic layers were washed sequentially with 5% aqueous acetic acid (×1), saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (×2), and brine (×1). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield a crude product (65 mg). The crude was dissolved in DCM and a few drops of MeOH, and purified by Biotage to give the desired product (34 mg, 25% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 12.05 (s, 1H), 9.31 (t, 1H), 8.93 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 7.68 (d, 2H), 7.51 (d, 2H), 7.36-7.26 (m, 5H), 7.16-7.13 (m, 2H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, 2H). LC-MS: 406.11 (M+H). Example 2 S N-(4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide a: N-(4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide To a solution of sodium 4-(acetamidomethyl)benzenesulfinate (500 mg, 2.126 mmol) in DMSO (8 mL) was added iodocyclohexane (670 mg, 3.19 mmol). The reaction was heated up to 100° C. for 48 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and washed with water (×1) and brine (×2). The organic was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by Biotage to yield the desired product (52 mg, 8% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 7.66 (d, 2H), 7.36 (d, 2H), 6.72 (m, 1H), 4.46 (d, 2H), 2.83 (tt, 1H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 2.01-2.00 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.76 (m, 3H), 1.65 (d, 1H), 1.93-1.12 (m, 4H). LC-MS: 296.06 (M+H). b: (4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine A mixture of N-(4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)benzyl)acetamide (52 mg, 0.176 mmol) and 3N HCl (2.11 mL, 6.34 mmol) in ^(i)PrOH (2.5 mL) was heated to 100° C. The cloudy mixture turned to a clear solution as temperature rose. The reaction mixture was stirred and refluxed for 16 h at 100° C. LC-MS analysis indicated that no starting material was present and some other by-product was formed (the desired product showed as 22% in HPLC). The mixture was cooled to RT and the solvent was concentrated. The resulting slurry was treated with 1N NaOH and EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried and concentrated to yield a crude product (120 mg). The crude was purified by Biotage to yield the free amine (25 mg, 56% yield). LC-MS: 254.08 (M+H). c: N-(4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)benzyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (16.80 mg, 0.104 mmol), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-ol (17.33 mg, 0.128 mmol) and EDC (25.3 mg, 0.132 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous THF (3 mL), followed by addition of Hunig's base (0.7 mL, 0.7 mmol). The mixture formed a slurry solution. DMF (0.5 mL) was added. After stirring for 15 min at 65° C., (4-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanamine (25 mg, 0.099 mmol) in THF/DMF (1.0/0.3 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 65° C. overnight, then diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed sequentially with 5% aqueous acetic acid (×2), saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (×2), and brine (×1). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield a crude product (40 mg). The crude was dissolved in DMSO and purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC to give the title compound (12.4 mg, 32% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 12.05 (brs, 1H), 9.30 (t, 1H), 8.88 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 7.76 (d, 2H), 7.54 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 4.57 (d, 2H), 3.08 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.66 (m, 4H), 1.51 (d, 1H), 1.20-0.96 (m, 5H). LC-MS: 398.0 (M+H). It is understood that the person skilled in the art will be able to prepare the compounds of the present invention using methods known in the art along with the general method of synthesis described herein. ASSAYS Assay Example 1 Biochemical Inhibition Assay NAMPT Protein Purification Recombinant His-tagged NAMPT was produced in E. coli cells, purified over a Ni column, and further purified over a size-exclusion column by XTAL Biostructures. The NAMPT Enzymatic Reaction The NAMPT enzymatic reactions were carried out in Buffer A (50 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 50 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl₂, and 1 mM THP) in 96-well V-bottom plates. The compound titrations were performed in a separate dilution plate by serially diluting the compounds in DMSO to make a 10× stock. Buffer A (89 μL) containing 33 nM of NAMPT protein was added to 1 μL of 100× compound plate containing controls (e.g. DMSO or blank). The compound and enzyme mix was incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature, then 10 μL of 10× substrate and co-factors in Buffer A were added to the test well to make a final concentration of 1 M NAM, 100 μM 5-Phospho-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP), and 2.5 mM Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP). The reaction was allowed to proceed for 30 minutes at room temperature, then was quenched with the addition of 11 μL of a solution of formic acid and L-Cystathionine to make a final concentration of 1% formic acid and 10 μM L-Cystathionine. Background and signal strength was determined by addition (or non-addition) of a serial dilution of NMN to a pre-quenched enzyme and cofactor mix.

b22370894_2

French-PD-diverse

Public Domain

de chir., t. XV.) (2) Louis, Mémoire sur la cure des hernies, etc. (Mém. Ac. roy. de chir., t. VIII.) — 33 — de médecine, son Mémoire sur une méthode nouvelle pour traiter les anus accidentels : « C’est avec nti juste sentiment de défiance dans mes forces que je viens vous entretenir de l’anus accidentel, maladie dégoû tante et dangereuse tout à la fois, qui condamne ceux qu'elle atteint à vivre loin du monde et les fait sou vent mourir dans un marasme affreux. » Mais l’illustre et fier chirurgien peut ajouter : « J’oserai appeler votre attention sur une maladie réputée incurable dans un grand nombre de cas, et qui doit aux travaux que je vais exposer d’ètre rentrée dans la classe de celles que l’on peut guérir sans beaucoup de difficultés et de dangers (1). » Il venait annoncer la découverte et les résultats de l’entérotomie. L’entérotome de Dupuytren est l’instrument pra tique par excellence pour la section de l’éperon. On a imaginé depuis, un grand nombre d’entérotomes qui ont leur raison d’être : il faut que celui de Dupuytren soit bien parfait pour qu’on n’en ait pas fabriqué un plus grand nombre. Dupuytren croyait avoir eu le premier l’idée de pratiquer la section de l’éperon, quand Breschet découvrit qu’elle avait été faite en Allemagne par Schmalkalden et aux Etats-Unis par Physick. Le travail de Schmalkalden est une dissertation sou tenue en 1798 sous la présidence du docteur Kreysig, elle a pour titre : Nova methodus intestina unienii. Viteb. 1798. « Il n’est pas permis, dit Dupuytren, après (1) Mém. de l’Ac. de méd , t. I, 1828. Pollosson. 3 34 — avoir lu cet extrait, dé douter que Schmalkalden n’ait, le premier, conçu et exécuté le projet d’établir une communication entre le bout supérieur et le bout infé rieur de l’intestin en perforant la cloison qui les sépare » Voici comment M. le professeur Lefort décrit l’opération de Schmalkalden : « Il fit pénétrer dans le bout inférieur un stylet dont la pointe était protégée par de la cire. Guidé par le doigt introduit dans le bout supérieur, il perfora l’éperon à sa base, et, parla perforation, introduisit un bistouri boutonné avec lequel il sectionna l’éperon. Plus tard, il sectionna plus profondément l’éperon avec des ciseaux à extré mités mousses. La guérison complète ne fut obtenue qu’après deux ans, car il persista quelque temps une petite fistule. » Quant à l’opération de Physick, on la connaît par son gendre, le docteur Dorsey (. Eléments of surgery , Philadelphia, 1813, T. II, p. 67. Artificial anus). En voici la traduction : « Chez un malade porteur d’un anus artificiel, à l’hôpital de Pensylvanie, le Dr Phy sick pratiqua une opération qu’on verra probablement apporter un complet soulagement dans maints cas semblables. Les parois de l’intestin, dans ce cas. étaient soudées latéralement, ou, suivant le langage deM. Gooper, semblables à un fusil à double canon. En vue d’assurer cette union, une ligature fut passée à travers l’intestin et laissée à demeure pendant une semaine, mettant les parois en contact parfait, après quoi, le Dr Physick fit une incision dans les parois de l’intestin, dont les deux portions étaient ainsi réu tk nies; on tamponna l’orifice externe et les matières fécales reprirent leur route naturelle; l’ouverture externe fut fermée quelque temps après, le patient fut débarrassé de cette dégoûtante infirmité. Il a depuis plusieurs années joui d’une parfaite santé. » Mais, avant toutes ces tentatives, Desault avait pratiqué le refoulement du promontoire. Méthode de Desault. — Desault introduisait dans les deux bouts du canal des mèches longues et volu mineuses, qui avaient l’avantage de repousser la cloison mésentérique, de dilater les deux bouts, de prévenir le prolapsus, et de diriger les matières du bout supérieur dans le bout inférieur. Le promontoire effacé, il cherchait à obturer l’orifice extérieur par un tampon, qu’il remplaçait plus tard par de simples compresses. Il donnait en même temps des purgatifs et des lavements. Cette méthode réunissait l’emploi des moyens médicaux et chirurgicaux ; elle cherchait à remplir les deux indications principales, mais avec des moyens insuffisants. Aussi, bien que Desault ait obtenu des succès, il est juste de dire qu’elle ne réus sissait pas dans les cas graves, dans ceux où l’intestin a perdu la presque totalité de sa circonférence et où l’éperon est très prononcé. Cette méthode est souvent inefficace : elle n’est pas exempte de dangers. Dupuytren, qui l’essaya en 1809, excita chez son malade des douleurs, des coli ques, des vomissements tels qu’il dut y renoncer; il s’était servi d’un croissant d’ivoire monté sur une — 36 — tige, terminée par une plaque percée de trous destinés à laisser passer les fils qui devaient fixer l’instrument. En 1824, Colombe proposa de placer dans 1’, intestin une canule légèrement courbe appuyant sur l’éperon par sa cavité et retenu à l’extérieur au moyen d'un fil : Velpeau, qui l’essaya en 1831, eut plus qu’un insuccès. Son malade mourut par suite d’une perfo ration. La méthode de Desault aurait réussi à Roberty (Fou cher). M. le professeur Richet, qui essaya un instrument analogue à celui de Dupuytren, dut le retirer au bout de trois jours : pourtant il y avait amélioration quand la malade mourut d’une diarrhée survenue incidem ment. M. Fochier, de Lyon, qui l’a essayée dans une des observations que nous résumons plus loin [Lyon Médical , 1874), a dû y renoncer pour recourir à l’en térotome. En résumé, la compression de l’éperon constitue un moyen sinon inefficace, du moins infidèle, et qui n’est pas exempt d'accidents. Méthode de Dupuytren : Section de lé éperon. — La section de l’éperon a été faite au bistouri, au ci seau, par la ligature, par l’écrasement linéaire et par des instruments spéciaux dits entérotomes. Smalkalden avait pratiqué la section au bistouri, Physick, la ligature suivie de section. Dupuytren, sans connaître ces tentatives, essaya, en 1813, un procédé ingénieux qui était sur le point de donner un succès quand l’impatience du chirurgien vint compromettre la guérison. Se basant sur ce fait de physiologie pathologique qu’une inflammation mo dérée amène l’adhésion des séreuses, Dupuytren cher cha à provoquer cette adhésion entre les lames de la cloison en la perforant à sa hase à l'aide d’un fil, qu’ii remplaça par une mèche dont il augmentait tous les jours le volume. Au bout de huit jours, le cours des matières était rétabli. Pour accélérer la guérison, on pratiqua à la base de la cloison détruite des incisions successives d’une demi-ligne au plus. Un jour l’in cision ouvrit le péritoine et le malade mourut. C’est alors que Dupuytren eut l’idée de provoquer l’adhésion des séreuses au moyen d’une pince qui ne détruirait les tissus qu’à une époque où les adhérences seraient assurément formées. Entêrotome de Dupuytren. — « Après bien des es sais, nous dit l’auteur, l’entérotome, ou l’instrument destiné à diviser les parois ad Dssées des deux bouts de l’intestin, fut définitivement construit de la manière suivante : il se compose de trois pièces ou de deux branches latérales et d’une vis de pression à plusieurs filets. Les branches ont sept pouces environ de lon gueur ; une d’elles, qu’on peut appeler la branche mâle, parce quelle est reçue dans l’autre, est formée d’une lame, longue de quatre pouces, large de trois lignes, et d’une demi-ligne d’épaisseur sur son tran chant. Celui-ci est ondulé, et son extrémité libre se termine par un renflement sphéroïde. A l’union de cette lame avec le manche est une mortaise, de quel — 38 — ques lignes d'étendue derrière laquelle est le manche lui-même, qui a deux ou trois pouces de longueur, et qui est fendu dans presque toute son étendue par une autre mortaise large de quatre lignes. La branche femelle de l’entérotome est un peu moins longue que la précédente. Elle présente sur un de ses côtés une gouttière dont les bords, d’épaisseur ét de longueur égales à la lame de la branche mâle, sont séparés par un intervalle destiné à recevoir et à loger complètement celle-ci. Le fond de cette gout tière est creusé d’ondulations dont les saillies et les enfoncements correspondent aux enfoncements et aux saillies du bord ondulé de l’autre branche; à son ex trémité est une cavité destinée à recevoir le bouton qui termine cette dernière. A l’union de la gouttière avec le manche existe un pivot tournant, qui doit être reçu dans la mortaise de la branche mâle ; eniin, vient le manche lui-même, qui est paré à son extré mité d’un trou taraudé, destiné à recevoir la vis de pression. Celle-ci, ou la troisième partie de l’entérotome, est longue d’un pouce et demi, terminée par une plaque ou pavillon de forme ovalaire, et faite de plusieurs filets. Passée dans la longue mortaise de la branche mâle, cette vis est engagée ensuite dans le trou delà branche femelle, et son action consiste à rapprocher à volonté les lames de l’instrument. » Depuis, un certain nombre de modifications plus ou moins heureuses ont été apportées à l’instrument de Dupuytren : les unes pour remédier aux imperfec tions vraies ou supposées de ce dernier, les autres pour répondre à des indications spéciales. Liotard ( Thèse de Paris , 1819) a proposé un ins trument en forme de pinces, dont les extrémités se terminent par un anneau ovalaire de 18 lignes de long sur 8 lignes de large, sectionnant à la façon d’un emporte-pièce. 11 a pour but de remédier au prétendu inconvénient de l’instrument de Dupuytren, de faire une fente trop étroite, et d’agir avec plus de rapidité. Delpech a fabriqué un entérotome destiné à faire la section en plusieurs fois, dans le but d’éviter la sup puration et la rétraction consécutive d’une trop grande perte de substance. Son instrument a la forme d’un compas à branches isolées, creuses, en tube, recour bées légèrement et terminées par deux coques d’un pouce de long, qui doivent se toucher par deux arêtes mousses pressées l’une contre l’autre par une vis de pression. Le point de départ de Delpech est faux, dit Laugier; si, après l’entérotomie de Dupuytren, un nouvel éperon devait se former par le fait même de la cicatrisation, enverrait le cours des matières, d’a bord facile, devenir difficile; or, c’est le contraire qui se produit. Blandin a proposé un entérotome qui, correspondrait aune indication spéciale dont la valeur est contestable. Employé pour la première fois en 1834 sur un malade dont l’observation est rapportée dans Ja thèse de Cho mette [Thèse de Paris , 1836), il diffère de celui de Dupuytren en ce que ses deux branches offrent à leur extrémité deux plaques ovalaires de 18 à 20 lignes 40 — de longueur sur 6 à 8 de largeur; leur surface interne est ondulée, et chaque enfoncement correspond à une éminence opposée. Jusqu’ici cet instrument n’est autre chose que l’entéro tome proposé par Lio tard; mais l’in strument de Blandin en diffère par l’écartement des branches destiné à recevoir l’éperon : le but du chirur gien était de conserver l’éperon tout en faisant com muniquer les deux bouts de l’intestin par une large perforation. L’éperon, en partie conservé, devait s’opposer à la sortie des fèces comme une sorte de cloison. D’après Blandin, il n’est applicable qu’aux cas où les deux bouts sont parallèles ou presque pa rallèles. La bride laissée par l’instrument vis-à-vis de l’ori fice est-elle réellement avantageuse? Le fait est plus que douteux. Chez un malade de Denonvillers, la per foration circulaire établie par l’instrument de Blandin s’était rétrécie après la première opération, . et l’on dut l'appliquer de nouveau précisément sur la bride qu’il avait ménagée. Reybard, pour rendre plus rapide la section de l’é peron, a imaginé une pince dont les mors présen taient une rainure dans laquelle on pouvait porter un instrument tranchant, pendant que la pince mainte nait accolées les deux lames de l’éperon. Son premier instrument était muni de deux lames coupantes. Lui trouvant quelques imperfections au point de vue de la manœuvre de l’instrument, il en fit construire un second qu’il décrit ainsi. Ce nouvel entérotome se compose de deux parties : — 41 — « D’une pince fenêtrée, longue de 6 pouces envi ron, et d’une lame tranchante à une de ses extré mités ayant la même longueur. La pince est formée de deux branches ; chaque branche est percée d’une extrémité à l’autre par une fente d’environ deux lignes et demie de large; elles sont réunies à leur extrémité inférieure par une sorte d’articulation fermée par une vis transversale. A deux pouces de l’extrémité infé rieure de la pince, il y a sur la branche supérieure, à droite et à gauche, deux trous placés en regard de deux autres trous qui existent sur la branche infé rieure ; ils reçoivent les vis de pression destinées à fermer l’instrument. Au-dessus de ces vis commence la partie de la pince qui doit saisir la cloison intesti nale. Cette partie est représentée dans chaque branche par deux tiges parallèlement disposées, minces, légè rement élastiques, et réunies à l’extrémité supérieure de la pince par un contour arrondi. Les bords cor respondants des tiges de la branche inférieure pré sentent une cannelure , espèce de coulisse qui commence un pouce au-dessus de l’extrémité infé rieure de cette pince et qui finit quatre lignes pLus bas que l’extrémité supérieure. C’est dans cette cou lisse qu’est reçu et que glisse le bouton aplati placé à l’extrémité du tranchant de la lame. La lame aplatie, large d’environ six lignes, offre à une de ses extré mités un tranchant obliquement dirigé en haut et en arrière. La pointe de ce tranchant se termine par un bouton aplati, qui assujettit la lame dans la canne lure pratiquée sur la branche inférieure et la dirige 42 — pendant l’opération (Gazett.médic. de Paris , 1838). » La pince appliquée, on fait la section de la cloison, qui est absolument indolente, et on retire la lame. Je m’arrêterai un moment sur la modification pro posée par l’ingénieux chirurgien. Reybard reprochait à l’entérotome de Dupuytren les vives douleurs et les phénomènes inflammatoires qu’il provoque parfois, ainsi que son extrême lenteur ; le sien avait pour avan tage la division rapide de la cloison membraneuse, tout en empêchant l’hémorrhagie et en provoquant des adhérences. Pour rendre l’épanchement des ma tières moins périlleux, il conseille, au moment où le chirurgien établit l'anus contre nature dans la hernie gangrénée, une manœuvre opératoire spéciale, qui consiste à tirer dans la plaie une portion des bouts d’intestin et à les y retenir pour pratiquer l’entéro tomie hors de la cavité abdominale. Il fut amené à cette pratique par un cas de hernie vaginale testicu laire dans laquelle l’étranglement s’était produit à l’entrée de la hernie dans la tunique vaginale. L’é peron s’était constitué dans le scrotum et l’application de la lame coupante avait amené en quinze jours l’anus contre nature à l’état de fistule stercorale. Dans un cas de hernie crurale, il désinséra l’intestin de son mésentère pour en fixer les bouts aux lèvres de la plaie, fit une entérotomie précoce hors du ventre; l’instrument resta cinq heures en place. L’anus de vint une simple fistule qui guérit, en trois mois et demi (obs. 111 et IV). Dans deux autres cas (obs. IV et V), il suivit la — 43 — même pratique au moment de la herniotomie et put, dans l'un d’eux, se contenter de sectionner la cloison au ciseau. On pourrait reprocher à Reybard de s’être créé un éperon afin de le couper ensuite. Les succès obtenus par lui n’en sont pas moins excessivement remarquables, dignes d’appeler l’attention des chirur giens par la simplicité de l’opération et la rapidité des bons résultats obtenus. Aussi disait-il : « Je saisis avec empressement l’occasion d’opérer dans ces cas graves (hernies gangrenées) pour augmenter le nombre des observations d’anus contre nature, dont j’obtiens si facilement la guérison avec mon entérotome. » Il ne conseille pas, du reste, ce procédé pour les cas où l’é peron est dans l’abdomen. Bourgerv a fait représenter une pince articulée très compliquée dont les mors s’élargissent sous l’influence d’une tige de rappel : les branches pourraient être in troduites par une fistule étroite et prendre leur déve loppement une fois appliquées. Reybard, l’un des premiers, disent Gaujotet Spili mann, a proposé de se servir d’un entérotome à mors parallèles pour remédier à l’inconvénient de celui de Dupuytren qui donne une pression plus forte à l’en trecroisement que vers l’extrémité des mors. Charrière en a construit un d’après ce principe : les manches sont percés d’une rainure grâce à laquelle on peut faire glisser les branches suivant une courbe sur leur pivot. Nélaton a fait construire un instrument à larges mors et à branches parallèles. Ce chirurgien a con — 44 — sel J lé une modification des plus heureuses : elle con siste en ce que les manches de l’instrument peuvent se démonter après application, modification qu’on ren contre sur diverses variétés d’entérotomes. Legendre ( Mèm , de la Soc. de chir ., 1863, p. 269) a imaginé une pince-entérotome analogue à celle de Blandin, avec ce changement que la branche femelle s’articule avec la branche mâle par une série de trous de manière à permettre l’articulation à des distances variables, de manière à pouvoir diminuer à volonté la surface de contact des deux branches. On peut opérer la section par petite portion, ce qui mettrait en garde contre les déchirures et les épanchements; de plus ce rapprochement progressif éloignerait les or ganes qui pourraient s’interposer entre les deux lames. M. le professeur Richet a fait construire un entéro tome d’une introduction facile ; il se compose de deux longues lames articulées à une de leurs extrémités au moyen de deux vis agissant en sens inverse pour rap procher les lames. L’entérotome de M. le professeur Panas permet l'in troduction des branches même par un oritice fistu leux : les branches sont courtes, n’exercent, grâce à leur incurvation, aucune pression au niveau de leur articulation : une articulation semblable à celle du forceps facilite l’introduction séparée des branches. Dans ces dernières années, on s’est servi de compres seurs plus simples et à la disposition de tout le monde, les pinces de pansement (professeur Verneuil), les — 45 — pinces de Kceberlé (Gross) ; il faut alors recourir à une série d’applications successives. Quelques instruments ont été construits pour des cas spéciaux. Celui de Sédillot a ses branches de contact séparées supérieurement par une forte courbure et terminées par des branches susceptibles d’ètre rapprochées par des vis agissantà l’autre extrémité de l’appareil. Cette disposition était destinée à éviter Ja. pression des par ties intermédiaires dans un cas où les deux bouts étaient séparés par un grand espace. Il s’agissait d’un anus contre nature à quatre orifices dont deux appar tenaient à une anse isolée du reste du tube digestif. Casamayor a fait construire, pour un anus iléo-va ginal, un entérotome adapté à la situation profonde de l’éperon et à la nécessité d’introduire les branches l’une dans le rectum, l’autre dans le vagin. Vidal de Cassis avait proposé l’entérotomie causti que dans le but d’amener une destruction plus rapide, tout en assurant la formation des adhérences. Laugier a fait construire un enlérotome porte-caustique com posé de deux gouttières dans lesquelles on dépose le caustique qui y est maintenu au moyen de deux lames glissant dans une rigole, qu’on retire après saisie de l’éperon. L’entérotomie caustique a été quelquefois pratiquée à Lyon ; j’en rapporte plus loin un cas (obs. XXII). L’entérotome avait été garni de pâte de Canquoin; la chute n’ayant eu lieu qu’au bout de six jours, on ne voit pas que cette modification ait un avantage au — 46 — point de vue de la rapidité. Dans l’observation de M. Panas, le chlorure de zinc fut enlevé au bout de trois heures, puis l’instrument remis en place cinq jours; là encore on n’a rien gagné au point de vue de la rapidité. On ne peut rien conclure des faits peu nombreux qui ont été publiés relativement à la sécu rité plus grande que donnerait ce procédé au point de vue des adhérences. En revanche d’avantages dou teux, cette pratique soulève des objections sérieuses, quoique théoriques : la crainte des fusées de caustique à distance du point d’application. Malgaigne disait des modifications apportées à l’instrument de Dupuytren qu’elles ne faisaient que nuire à sa simplicité. De fait, il est encore le plus souvent employé et applicable à la majorité des épe rons. Il est difficile de juger comparativement les nouveaux instruments à cause du petit nombre de cas où ils ont été mis en oeuvre. La substitution des larges mors aux mors étroits, dans le but de supprimer une partie de la cloison, ne paraît pas avoir une grande valeur, l’instrument de Dupuytren donnant une ouverture suffisante, ainsi que le démontrent l’expérimentation sur le cadavre et les autopsies. M. le professeur Gosselin, ayant eu l’occasion de pratiquer une autopsie chez le sujet de l’obs. XVI, trouva une cavité très large sans persistance d’aucune saillie intérieure et sans apparence de ce tissu modu laire que Delpech avait signalé comme une des consé quences probables de l’opération de Dupuytren {Bull. — 47 — de la Soc. de chir 18o6). « Celte pièce, dit M. Gosse lin, est en faveur de Dupuytren et contre l’opinion de ceux qui veulent qu’on coupe l’intestin en travers plutôt que d’arrière en avant. » On peut en rapprocher l’observation suivante inédite qui m’a été communi quée par M. le professeur Desgranges. 1854 (Observation communiquée par M. Desgranges). — Desnoyers, femme, 67 ans. Hernie crurale étranglée, gangré née. Anus complet. Santé générale mauvaise. Dilatation de l'orifice et entérotome de Dupuytren saisissant l’éperon dans l’étendue de 5 centimètres. Pas d’accidents, chute au bout de 6 jours. La plaie ne se ferme pas ; les forces diminuent et la malade meurt dans l’adynamie, un mois après l’entérotomie. Autopsie. — Adhérences complètes au pourtour de l’orifice anormal. L’éperon qui, au moment de l’opération, touchait à l’orifice, en est éloigné de 5 à 6 centimètres au moins. La cavité comprise entre l’orifice de la paroi et les extrémités accolées de l’intestin a plus de largeur que l’intestin grêle et n’est obstruée par aucun obstacle. Le parallélisme des branches est une modification plus avantageuse pour les cas où l’éperon est épais à son sommet comme à sa base, l’instrument de Dupuy tren ayant un écartement plus étroit près de l’articu lation et risquant de ne comprimer que le sommet de l’éperon. Le mode d’articulation a aussi une certaine impor tance : il en est de l’ entérotome comme du forceps. 11 est quelquefois difficile d’articuler l’instrument après qu’on en a introduit séparément les deux branches : — 48 — à ce point de vue les instruments de MM. Panas et Richet présentent de grands avantages. Enfin l’étroitesse de la fistule peut nécessiter aussi des dispositions spéciales. La possibilité de démonter les branches, qui a été adaptée à divers instruments, est d’une incontestable utilité. En résumé, l’entérotome de Dupuytren suffit pour les cas simples et ordinaires. Pour certaines disposi tions spéciales, on aura recours à des instruments spéciaux. Il peut être utile d’employer des branches non symétriques, s’il y a entrecroisement des deux bouts de l’intestin. Les instruments à plaques ont leur raison d’être s’il s’agit d’aller porter l’entérotome au loin (anus iléo-vaginaux), de créer une communica tion anormale entre deux portions d’intestin à une certaine distance de l’anus anormal (cas de Laugier, obs. XXI). L’entérotomie est le moyen le plus innocent et le plus pratique de destruction de l’éperon. Je ne copie rai pas ici une physiologie pathologique que l’on trouve exposée d’une façon magistrale dans les ouvrages de Dupuytren. Gangrène de la portion comprise entre les mors, inflammation adhésive des séreuses dans le voi sinage immédiat, écartement des bords de la section, formation d'une cavité large intermédiaire aux deux bouts de l’intestin ; tels sont les résultats de son appli cation. Les autres procédés de destruction, ligature, section au bistouri, au ciseau même à petits coups, écrasement linéaire de Chassaignac. excision en Y, 49 — de Rayé de Vilvade, section de l’éperon après une ap plication de l’entérotome pendant deux jours, suivant le conseil de Jobert de Lamballe, doivent être laissés de côté. Ils peuvent donner des succès ou plutôt ils peuvent ne pas donner de revers; mais on ne saurait compter sur eux ; iis n'offrent pas au chirurgien la sécurité que lui donne la formation des adhérences plus certaine avec l’instrument de Dupuytren. Avant d’aborder les règles d’application de l’entéro tome,je rappellerai un cas particulier de cette applica tion mis en usage par Laugier dans un cas où le bout inférieur n’avait pu être trouvé. Il recourut alors à l 'entérotomie iléo-cæcale (obs. XXI). Pour se procurer le bout inférieur qui lui manquait, il créa d’abord un anus artificiel près de l’orifice de l’anus accidentel aux dépens du cæcum. Ce bout inférieur ainsi créé, il pra tiqua l’entérotomie au moyen d’un instrument spé cial se composant de deux branches ellipsoïdes portant deux plaques métalliques destinées à faire emporte pièce. Le malade mourut d’infection purulente avant qu’on ait pu connaître le résultat de l’opération. Sédillot avait en 1851 (Barincou, th, de Strasbourg, 1851), pratiqué dans un cas, où un pont cutané sépa rait les deux bouts de l’intestin, la perforation de la cloison intermédiaire au moyen d’un entérotome dont nous avons parlé plus haut. Application de V entérotome. — Je n’ai rien à ajouter à ce qui est décrit dans les auteurs à propos de la dilatation préliminaire, de la recherche des bouts, du Polossou. 4 — 50 — mode d’introduction et d’articulation des branches de l’instrument. Je m’arrêterai seulement sur trois points en discussion. Faut-il faire porter d’emblée la com pression au maximum ? Faut-il faire l’entérotomie en une séance ou à petits coups? Faut-il faire l’entéro tomie précoce ou tardive ? Voici quelle était, à l’égard du degré de compression, la manière de faire et l'opi nion de Dupuytren : « Toutes les fois qu’on agit par pression sur les tissus vivants, le meilleur moyen de prévenir le développement de l’inflammation consiste à porter rapidement cette pression jusqu’au point d’éteindre la vie dans les parties qui en sont le siège. On ne doit donc pas craindre de porter, dès le premier jour, la pression de l’entérotome assez loin pour éteindre la vie dans les tuniques intestinales qu’il embrasse. » D’après M. le professeur Le Fort, au con traire, il serait important de ne pas trop serrer au début, de peur d’amener une gangrène trop rapide et la chute avant la formation des adhérences. Il arrive souvent aussi que cette forte constriction est mal supportée par les patients. Dans une observation de M. le professeur Verneuil (ohs. XX), on voit l’applica tion de l’entérotome être suivie de phénomènes réac tionnels intenses qui cèdent par le desserrement de l’entérotome. Dupuytren faisait l’entérotomie en une séance, je veux dire prenait entre les mors de la pince tout ce qui pouvait être saisi de l’éperon. Delpech reproche à cette longue section d’entraîner une perte de sub stance qui suppure et une cicatrice consécutive en — 51 tramant la récidive de la cloison. Cette récidive se produit, en effet (professeur Verneuil), lorsque la plaie bourgeonne. Mais ce bourgeonnement est-il le résul tat d’une large section, il est permis d’en douter. Du reste, cette récidive est rare, et, dans la généralité des cas, le cours des matières va s’améliorant de jour en jour au lieu de devenir de jour en jour plus diffi cile (Laugier). Legendre reproche à l’entérotomie d’exposer à per forer la base de l’éperon avant que les adhérences ne soient formées et à saisir une anse intestinale inter posée entre les deux lames. Pour lui on est obligé d’agir aveuglément, opinion que nous ne croyons pas acceptable. Si on ne sait pas ce qu’on pince, mieux vaut laisser de côté l’entérotomie et recourir à une autre opération. La section de l’éperon à petits coups est longue, pénible, et dans quelques-unes des obser vations où elle a été tentée on a été obligé de l’aban donner pour revenir à l’instrument de Dupuytren. On a reproché à ce dernier de rester déjà trop de temps dans la plaie, et cet inconvénient a été l’occasion de procédés d’entérotomie rapide, qu’on ne saurait con seiller à cause de dangers d’autre nature. Quand, si on a le choix, faut-il appliquer l’entéro tome ? L’entérotomie précoce a donné de brillants ré sultats à Raybard, à Blandin, à Denonvillers, à Fleu rot, à MM. les professeurs Richet et Gosselin (obs. I, II, V, VII, IX, XIII, XVII) dans des cas où elle a été pratiquée dans le premier mois après l’établissement de l’anus contre nature. Elle offre de grands avantages : rétablissement du cours des matières et par suite pas de déperdition inutile de forces pour le malade ; éta blissement des adhérences et des lésions définitives de la difformité dans des conditions moins défavo rables. En revanche, on peut lui reprocher de guérir des perforations qui se seraient peut-être fermées spontané ment, et, objection plus sérieuse, d’exposer davantage aux accidents phlegmasiques en agissant sur des parties qui sont encore le siège d’un certain degré d’inflam mation. N’est-ce pas à cette circonstance qu’il faut attribuer la mort dans l’observation suivante emprun tée à Velpeau ? 1835. Velpeau ( Mémoire sur les anus contre nature sans éperon). — Femme, 56 ans. Hernie crurale étranglée, gangre née et opérée. Anus contre nature. Dix-sept jours après l’éta blissement de l’anus, entérotome de Dupuytren. Les quatre premiers jours, faibles coliques. Le cinquième, douleurs violentes; douleur à la pression, nausées, vomisse ments, faciès grippé. Deux jours après, ablation de l’entéro tome. Le huitième jour, mort. A l’autopsie, péritonite. L’éperon est détruit dans l’étendue de 2 pouces 1/2; mais il n’y a d’adhérences que sur un côté de la fente. L’autre bord est comme taillé à pic. Nous croyons qu’il est prudent, sauf indication spé ciale, d’attendre que les phénomènes inflammatoires locaux qui suivent la hernie gangrenée soient calmés, ce qui arrive au bout d’un temps variable suivant les sujets. D’une manière générale on peut fixer à deux mois le temps pendant lequel se complètent les adhé rences et pendant lequel on doit se borner au traite — 83 — ment médical. Telle est à cet égard l’opinion émise par M. le professeur Gosselin (Leçons sur les hernies abdominales, p. 293). Avant d’exposer les résultats de l’opération, je don nerai le résumé de 26 observations, dans lesquelles l’entérotome a été employé pour la cure de l’anus contre nature. Elles constituent, avec 9 autres observations de fistules stercorales d’emblée, une première série de 35 cas traités par les procédés autres que Y entérec tomie dont nous apprécierons les résultats par une deuxième série de 29 cas. Nous avons indiqué dans un ordre toujours le même toutes les particularités inté ressantes relatives au traitement qui étaient notées dans les observations in extenso. Elles répondent à la deuxième période de l’bistoire du traitement des anus contre nature, celles où les méthodes anaplastiques sont venues compléter l’application souvent insuffi santé de l’entérotomie. I. — 1833. Reybard [Gaz. me’d. de Paris, 1838). — Planche, femme de 47 ans. Hernie crurale étranglée, gangrenée: exci sion, débridement, intestin tiré au dehors et fixé à la plaie. Anus permettant le passage des aliments. Les deux bouts sont en rapport par leurs faces latérales et non par leur côté mésen térique. Huit jours après l’opération, incision de 18 lignes au ciseau de l’éperon. Une heure après, selle par l’anus. Coliques, diai' rhée calmée par opium. Vingt-cinq jours après, simple fislide. Malade sur le point d’être guérie sans seconde intervention, quand mort par pneumonie. II. — Blandin (Chomette. Th. de Paris, 1836.) — Hernie inguinale, étranglée et gangrenée. Anus contre nature avec prolapsus. Ligature placée à la base du prolapsus, qui tomba gangrené le quatrième jour. Entérotomie précoce avec entèrotome de Blandin ; à la suite douleurs légères, chute au bout de cinq jours. Le soir, les selles se rétablirent ; l’orifice se ferma progres sivement. Guérison complète au bout de deux mois. III. — Reybard {Gaz. me’d. de Paris , 1838.) — ■ Pauli, homme, 46 ans. Hernie vaginale droite étranglée, gangrenée, opérée. L’étranglement siégeait à la communication avec la tunique vaginale. Anus avec éperon situé dans les bourses, en dehors du ventre. Dix-huit jours après la herniotomie, entèrotome de Reybard, à une lame, laissé six heures. A la suite légères coliques, vomissements bilieux. Les matières passent par le bout inférieur. Quinze jours après, fistule stercorale laissant passer les matières bilieuses. Onze jours après la deuxième opération, première tentative contre la fistule stercorale, consistant en : 1° ablation de la cicatrice cutanée, excision de la muqueuse bordant l’ouver ture ; 2° suture enchevillée avec 3 points. — Echec. — Deux mois après, deuxième tentative, de même nature. — Résultat: l’ouverture se rétrécit. — Troisième tentative consistant à aviver le pourtour, de façon à donner à la plaie une forme de fente : rapprochement par la position des deux lèvres, cauté risations au nitrate d’argent. Fistulette insignifiante. Le malade est revenu demander un bandage herniaire. IV. — 1838. Reybard. [Gaz. meJd. de Paris, 1838.) — Baron de Couano, femme, 50 ans. Hernie crurale droite étranglée, gangrenée et opérée. Résection de l’intestin gangrené. L’in testin est détaché du mésentère de façon à avoir deux bouts de 2 pouces de longueur qu’on fixe aux lèvres de la plaie. Débridement de l’arcade pour faciliter l’écoulement. Anus avec écartement considérable des bouts : amaigrissement. Entérotomie précoce avec entèrotome de Reybard aune lame. — 55 — La pince arrive à peine jusqu’à la cavité abdominale. Incision de 2 pouces de la cloison. Instrument laissé en place cinq heures. Une heure après la malade allait du ventre ; bientôt, simple fistule. Cautérisation au nitrate. • ■. Guérison de la fistule en trois mois et demi. V. — 1838. Reybard.(tr«z. mèd. de Paris, 1838.) — Reverset, femme. Hernie de l’aine (?) étranglée, gangrenée et opérée. Fixation de l’intestin avec fil mésentérique : ouverture spon tanée. Anus complet avec deux bouts séparés, la cloison mésen térique épaissie ne permettant pas l’application des branches de l’entérotome. Incision au ciseau de 15 lignes de la cloison ; plus tard, incision de 12 lignes avec entérotome de Reybard à une lame, laissé quatre heures. Les matières reprennent leur cours. Au bout de quinze jours, ouverture ne laissant passer que la partie liquide des fèces. La fistule stercorale est traitée par des cautérisations au nitrate d’argent. Petits abcès périfistulaires retardant la gué rison. Passage à l’état de fistuleUe insignifiante; résultat définitif inconnu. VI. — 1844. Jobert. [Traité de chirurgie plastique, t. II, p.36.) — Hernie inguinale étranglée, gangrénée et opérée. Anus contre nature. Plusieurs applications d’entérotome, insuccès. Sept mois après, entérotomie à la suite de laquelle la moitié des matières passe par les voies naturelles. Avivement des bords et suture entortillée, puis cautérisa tion : insuccès. Le malade entre chez Jobert. Autoplastie par torsion, hémor rhagie, échec. Nouvelle tentative : 1° avivement des parties molles sur les côtés et à petite distance de l’anus ; 2° rapprochement des sur faces qui sont maintenues infléchies par 6 points de suture. Réunion sauf aux angles où persistent deux ûstulettes. Le malade sort. L’année suivante, on constate la guérison complète du malade. VIL — Denonvillers. (Th. Foucher, p. 146.) — Femme, 58 ans. Hernie crurale étranglée, gangrenée et opérée. Anus contre nature. Vingt-quatre jours après l’opération, entérotomie avec l’ins trument de Blandin. Les matières reprennent leur cours. L’orifice extérieur se rétrécit. Trois mois après, l’orifice créé par l’entérotome étant devenu trop étroit, l’entérotome de Blandin est appliqué sur la cloison qui résultait de la première opération : les matières continuent à couler par l’orifice anormal. Application sur l’éperon, qui est sous forme de cloison verticale, d'une forte ligature. Insuccès de ces diverses opérations. Opération autoplastique : 1° incision de la peau autour de l’orifice et dissection comprenant le goulot et le cloaque dans l’épaisseur de la tunique musculaire de l’intestin ; 2° rebrous sement et suture des parties ainsi avivées ; 3° formation d’un lambeau en pont emprunté aux téguments destinés à recouvrir la plaie. Guérison radicale en un mois, constatée huit ans après l’opération. VIII. — 1856. Nélaton. (Th. Foucher, p. 77.) — Homme, 30 ans. Hernie inguinale, étranglée et opérée. Anus contre nature ; orifice étroit, qu’on est obligé de débrider pour trouver le bout inférieur. Trois mois après le début, entérotomie, chute le huitième jour ; pas d’accident. Les matières reprennent leur cours ; il reste un orifice de 2 cent, d’étendue. Un mois après l’entérotomie, Nélaton pratique une opération anaplastique : lambeau supérieur en forme de pont, suturé aux bords avivés de la fistule : les sutures lâchent. Ultérieurement l’orifice se rétrécit peu à peu ; le traitement fut complété par les cautérisations répétées des bords de l’ori fice fistuleux. Guérison moins de quatre mois après l’entérotomie. IX. — 1856. Pleur ot. (Th. Poucher, 1857, p. 156.) — Femme, 63 ans. Hernie crurale gauche, étranglée, gangrénée et incisée. Anus contre nature. Quatorze jours après la herniotomie, entérotome de Dupuy tren. Violente douleur et nausée le premier jour. Rétablissement du cours des matières par les voies normales. Reste une fistule stercorale. Autoplastie par le procédé de Malgaigne. Réunion, sauf un point où reste une fistulette. X. — 1856. Velpeau-Reybard. (Th. Foucher, p. 166. — Chassaignac, Traite' des opér. chir., t. II, p. 691.) — Cousin, homme, 32 ans. Hernie inguinale étranglée, gangrénée et incisée. Anus contre nature. Entérotomie six semaines après l’opération : rétablissement du cours des matières. En août 1855, section de l’éperon par l’écraseur et auto plastie ( Chassaignac) . Puis deux nouvelles applications de l’ écra se ur. Insuccès. En janvier 1856, Velpeau applique l’entérotome de Dupuy tren ; pas d’accident ; deuxième application, quinze jours après. En février, opération autoplastique par Reybard; 1° ligature de la muqueuse exubérante ; 2° dissection de la peau au pour tour de l’orifice dans l’étendue de 3 cent.; 3° les bords dissé qués sont affrontés de champ par un double plan de suture. Réunion incomplète : formation d’une série de üstulettes. qui se réduisent à deux : on espère la guérison. Elle n’a pas été obtenue. Chassaignac l’a revu avec anus avec éperon. XI. — 1857. Piachaud. (Bull, Soc, chir., 1858.) — Femme. Hernie crurale droite étranglée, gangrénée et opérée. Anus avec éperon. Trois mois après l’accident, deux applications successives de l’entérotome de Dupuytren. Passage à l’état de fistule stercorale. Quatre mois après la deuxième entérotomie, tentative pour fermer la fistule, consistant en : 1° avivement circulaire du contour de la fistule ; 2° décollement de ce contour à 2 cent, de profondeur et suture enchevillée. Réunion sauf sur un point où reste fistulette guérie par nitrate d’argent. Guérison complète. XII. — 1859. Professeur Desgranges. (Inédite.) — Lembert, femme, 48 ans. Hernie crurale droite étranglée, gangrénée et opérée. Anus contre nature large, compliqué d’invagination du bout supérieur. Éper-on s’avançant jusqu’à l’orifice. Entérotome de Dupuytren appliqué dans toute la longueur de ses branches : compression portée rapidement au maxi mum. A la suite, coliques, vomissements, rougeur des bords de l’orifice, mais peu de fièvre. L’instrument est enlevé au bout de six jours. Les matières passent par les voies naturelles, l’éperon est à 5 centimètres. Peu à peu, il se rapproche de la plaie. Nouvelle entérotomie : les branches sont portées aussi loin que possible et fortement serrées. A la suite, coliques, altéra tion de la face ; on enlève l’instrument qu’on replace trois jours après, mais que la malade ne peut supporter. La malade quitte l’hôpital. XIII. — 1854. Professeur Gosselin. (Revue méd. chir., 1. 17.) — Chavet, homme, 58 ans Hernie inguinale étranglée, gan grénée et incisée. Anus contre nature : dépéi’issement du malade. Un mois après la herniotomie, entérotome de Dupuytren serré progressivement : chute après neuf jours. Selles rétablies en partie : renversement de l’intestin , absence d’éperon. Opération anaplastique : 1° Avivement de la muqueuse de l'intestin renversé; 2° avivement de la peau dans l’étendue de 1 centimètre 1/2 autour dê l’orifice; 3° affrontement des sur faces cruentées maintenu par cinq points de suturé enché villée ; 4° deux incisions latérales libératrices. Résultat : réunion, sauf deux ûstulettes spontanément gué ries. Guérison complète. XIV. — 1855. — Chapplain. [Bull, de la Soc. de chir., 1859.) Roman, femme de 41 ans. Hernie crurale droite étranglée, gangrénée et opérée. Deux orifices fistuleux avec renverse ment de l’intestin. Pas d’entonnoir membraneux. Éperon. Deux applications de l’entérotome de Dupuytren qui tombe au bout de neuf jours. Les matières passent par le rectum ; mais l’ouverture abdo minale ne se ferme pas. Une suture pratiquée sur la plus petite fistule, très difficile, échoue; plus tard, guérison parle fer rouge. La fistule la plus importante est traitée de la façon suivante ; 1° Incision circu laire de la muqueuse au point d’adhérence avec la peau; 2° dissection de l’intestin dans une étendue suffisante pour adosser les surfaces séreuses. Guérison. XV. 1856. Professeur Gosselin. {Bull, de la Soc. de chir 1858.) — Femme. Anus contre nature. Procidence de l’in testin. Entérotomie : rétablissement du cours des matières. Reste fistule stercorale. lre opération : autoplastie par inflexion ; succès incomplet* 2e opération ; 1° Avivement de la surface de l’intestin pro labé et du contour cutané ; 2° dissection d’un lambeau de peau au-dessus et en dehors de la fistule ; 3° application de ce lam beau, qui a tourné de moins d’un quart de cercle sur les sur faces avivées. Guérison. XVI. — 1856. Professeur Gosselin. (Bull, de la Soc. de chir ., 1856.) — Homme, 27 ans. Hernie inguinale étranglée, gangrénée et opérée. Anus avec éperon avec renversement considérable et irréductible de l’éperon. Entérotome de Dupuytren : pas d’accident. Rétablissement des garde-robes. Persistance de l’orifice et du renversement. Opération : ] 0 Avivement de l'intestin ; 2° application d’un lambeau pris sur la paroi abdominale. Le lambeau ne prend pas à la partie inférieure. 2e Opération. — Lambeau pris sur la cuisse. Mort d’érysipèle. XVII. 1860. — Professeur Richet. [Bull, de la Soc. de chir ., 1861.) — Michel M..., homme, 24 ans. Hernie ingui nale gauche congénitale étranglée , gangrénée , opérée. Su ture à la peau. Anus avec éperon. Quinze jours après, pince entérotome de Blandin qui tombe trois jours après. — Deuxième entérotomie. Passage à l’état de fistule stercorale. Cautéi-isation au fer rouge. Guérison en neuf mois. XVIII. — 1865. Panas. [Bull, de la Soc. de chir., 1865.) — Hernie inguino-scrotale étranglée, opérée. Suture de l’in testin à la peau. Anus avec éperon vertical de 8 centimètres. Entérotomie avec l’instrument de Laugier pour obtenir une large perte de substance : le chlorure de zinc est enlevé au bout de trois heures. L’instrument est remis en place cinq jours. Les matières reprennent leur cours : l’orifice cutané reste ce qu’il était. Opération pour fermer l’orifice cutané : 1° Incision circu laire à 6 millimètres en dehors de l’orifice cutané ; dissection jusqu’à la couche musculaire de l’intestin. Une traction légère permet de faire glisser cette tunique musculaire surles adhé rences péritonéales et d’attirer l’intestin au dehors de 2 à 3 centimètres ; 2° affrontement des surfaces saignantes ren versées par la suture de Gély; 3 excision des téguments en cupule évasée, décollement des lèvres de la plaie, incision libératrice et suture. Résultat : réunion presque complète, sauf une fistule guérie par une opération autoplastique. Guérison complète. XIX. — 1869. Professeur Ollier. (Communiquée par M. Ollier). — Lorges, homme, 24 ans. Hernie inguinale étran glée, gangrénée, opérée. Résection de 20 centimètres d’in testin. Anus avec éperon. Application de l’entérotome de Dupuytren. Passage à l’état de fistule stercorale. Opération pour fermer la fistule : 1° Dissection de la mu queuse, rebroussement et application de 7 points de suture métallique; 2° plan de suture pour la peau. Guérison complète. Reproduction de la hernie ; le malade vient de temps en temps à l’Hôtel-Dieu faire renouveler son bandage. XX. — 1869. Professeur Verneuil. [Bull, de la Soc. de Chir ., 1870.) — Femme, 49 ans. Hernie inguinale étranglée et gan grénée quatre ans auparavant. Invagination 'considérable du bout inférieur qui pend jusqu’au milieu de la cuisse. En octobre 1869, excision à l’écraseur de l’intestin hernié; points de suture pour retenir l’anse herniée. Après cette première opération, anus avec éperon. large et épais au sommet. Cautérisations avec caustique de Vienne et Filhos du bord libre de l’éperon qui est bientôt notablement diminué. En janvier, l’entérotomie avec simple pansement : 3 appli cations successives, les èelles passent par l’anus. La pince n’emportant que quelques millimètres, on fait 3 applications d’un entérotome différent de celui de Dupuy "tren par l’absence des longues branches extérieures : à chaque application, accidents consistant en douleurs, hoquet, vomis sements, oppression épigastrique et ombilicale, qui dispa raissent par desserrement de f entérotome. A la suite, anus figurant une commissure de 4 centimètres. En avril, tentative d’anaplastie simple sans autoplastie: 62 avivement ne portant que sur la peau dans l’étendue de 15 millimètres, suivant le procédé américain, flexion de la cuisse. Résultat : la suture manque aux deux angles. Au 30 juin, fistulette de 2 millimètres 1/2 avec suintement. Guérison définitive probable. XXI. — 1871. Laugier. (Th. de Goubaut, Nancy. 1881.) — Homme, 24 ans. Hernie inguinale droite, étranglée, incisée par erreur de diagnostic. Anus contre nature ; bout inférieur introuvable.

US-201414444465-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Processing apparatus including laser beam applying mechanism and separating means ABSTRACT A processing apparatus including a chuck table having a holding surface for rotatably holding a workpiece, a laser beam applying mechanism having a laser beam generating unit for generating a laser beam and focusing the laser beam to the inside of the workpiece held on the chuck table, a relatively moving unit for relatively moving the chuck table and the laser beam applying mechanism in a direction parallel to the holding surface of the chuck table while applying the laser beam to the workpiece to thereby form a modified layer inside of the workpiece, a separating unit for separating a part of the workpiece along the modified layer as a boundary formed inside the workpiece, and a grinding/polishing unit having a grinding/polishing wheel for grinding or polishing the modified layer left on the workpiece after separating the part and a spindle for rotatably mounting the grinding/polishing wheel. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for processing a workpiece such as an ingot formed of a semiconductor material. 2. Description of the Related Art A wafer to be used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices is usually obtained by slicing an ingot formed of a semiconductor material such as silicon, silicon carbide, and gallium nitride with a tool such as a band saw and a wire saw and next polishing both sides of a sliced part of the ingot (see Japanese Patent Laid-open No. Hei 10-256203, for example). It is not easy to thinly slice the ingot by using a tool such as a band saw and a wire saw, thereby obtaining a wafer having a small thickness. To meet the recent demand for a reduction in thickness of the wafer, a relatively thick wafer is ground to reduce the thickness of the wafer. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, most of the relatively thick wafer is removed by grinding in this method. Accordingly, this method is uneconomical in the points of the number of steps, use efficiency of the semiconductor material, etc. Further, in the case of slicing the ingot by using a tool such as a band saw and a wire saw, at least a portion of the ingot corresponding to the thickness of the tool is lost, causing an increase in loss. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a processing apparatus which can process a workpiece such as an ingot without loss. In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing apparatus including holding means having a holding surface for rotatably holding a workpiece; a laser beam applying mechanism having laser beam generating means for generating a laser beam and focusing means for focusing the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating means to the inside of the workpiece held by the holding means; relatively moving means for relatively moving the holding means and the laser beam applying mechanism in a direction parallel to the holding surface of the holding means while applying the laser beam to the workpiece to thereby form a modified layer inside of the workpiece; separating means for separating a part of the workpiece along the modified layer as a boundary formed inside the workpiece; and grinding/polishing means having a grinding/polishing wheel for grinding or polishing the modified layer left on the workpiece after separating the part and a spindle for rotatably mounting the grinding/polishing wheel. Preferably, the processing apparatus further includes positioning means for selectively positioning the holding means to a laser processing position corresponding to the laser beam applying mechanism and a grinding/polishing position corresponding to the grinding/polishing means. As described above, the processing apparatus of the present invention includes the holding means having the holding surface for rotatably holding the workpiece, the laser beam applying mechanism for applying the laser beam to the workpiece so as to form the modified layer inside the workpiece, the relatively moving means for relatively moving the holding means and the laser beam applying mechanism in the direction parallel to the holding surface, and the separating means for separating a part of the workpiece along the modified layer as a boundary. With this configuration, a part of the workpiece can be separated from the workpiece along the modified layer as a boundary formed by the application of the laser beam. That is, cutting of the workpiece by the use of any tool such as a band saw and a wire saw is not required in the present invention, so that a portion of the workpiece corresponding to the thickness of the tool is not lost. Further, by adjusting the depth of the modified layer to be formed inside the workpiece, a part of the workpiece can be separated so as to have a small thickness. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent poor economy such that a thick part of the workpiece is separated by cutting and thereafter ground to reduce the thickness of the separated part. Thusly, according to the present invention, a processing apparatus can be provided in which the workpiece such as an ingot can be processed without loss. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention and the manner of realizing them will become more apparent, and the invention itself will best be understood from a study of the following description and appended claims with reference to the attached drawings showing a preferred embodiment of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a processing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing a modified layer forming step in a processing method according to this preferred embodiment; FIG. 3 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing a separating step in the processing method; and FIG. 4 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing a grinding/polishing step in the processing method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a processing apparatus 2 according to this preferred embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 2 has a base 4 for supporting various parts. An opening 4 a is formed on the upper surface of the base 4 at a front end portion thereof. A handling mechanism 6 for handling a workpiece 11 (see FIG. 2, for example) to be processed is provided inside the opening 4 a. There are placed in an area on the front side of the opening 4 a a cassette 8 a for storing the workpiece 11 and a cassette 8 b for storing a platelike member (not shown) separated from the workpiece 11. The workpiece 11 is an ingot formed of a semiconductor material such as silicon, silicon carbide, and gallium nitride. The workpiece 11 has a solid cylindrical and a size allowed to be handled by the handling mechanism 6 or the like. However, the configuration of the workpiece 11 is not limited to the above. A positioning mechanism 10 for temporarily placing the workpiece 11 and positioning the workpiece 11 is located on the rear side of the opening 4 a and the area where the cassette 8 a is placed. For example, the positioning mechanism 10 is adapted to center the workpiece 11 taken out of the cassette 8 a by the handling mechanism 6 and temporarily placed in the positioning mechanism 10. A loading mechanism 12 for loading the workpiece 11 under suction is pivotably provided adjacent to the positioning mechanism 10. The loading mechanism 12 is adapted to hold under suction the front side (upper surface) 11 a of the workpiece 11 positioned by the positioning mechanism 10 and then carry the workpiece 11 to a given position on the rear side of the positioning mechanism 10. An opening 4 b is formed on the upper surface of the base 4 in an area on the rear side of the loading mechanism 12. There are provided inside the opening 4 b an X-axis movable table 14, an X-axis moving mechanism (relatively moving means, positioning means) (not shown) for moving the X-axis movable table 14 in the X direction (longitudinal direction) shown by an arrow X in FIG. 1, and a waterproof cover 16 for covering the X-axis moving mechanism. The X-axis moving mechanism includes a pair of parallel X-axis guide rails (not shown) extending in the X direction, and the X-axis movable table 14 is slidably supported on the X-axis guide rails. A nut (not shown) is fixed to the lower surface of the X-axis movable table 14, and an X-axis ball screw (not shown) extending parallel to the X-axis guide rails is threadedly engaged with this nut. An X-axis pulse motor (not shown) is connected to one end of the X-axis ball screw. Accordingly, when the X-axis ball screw is rotated by the X-axis pulse motor, the X-axis movable table 14 is moved along the X-axis guide rails in the X direction. A chuck table (holding means) 18 for holding the workpiece 11 under suction is provided on the X-axis movable table 14. The chuck table 18 is connected to a rotational drive mechanism (relatively moving means) (not shown) such as a motor, so that the chuck table 18 is rotatable about a vertical axis extending in the vertical direction (Z direction) shown by an arrow Z in FIG. 1. The chuck table 18 is movable in the X direction by the X-axis moving mechanism mentioned above so as to selectively take a front position as a loading/unloading position where the workpiece 11 or the platelike member separated from the workpiece 11 is loaded or unloaded, a rear position as a grinding/polishing position where the workpiece 11 is ground or polished, and a central position as a laser processing position where the workpiece 11 is laser-processed. The upper surface of the chuck table 18 functions as a holding surface 18 a for holding the workpiece 11 under suction. The holding surface 18 a is connected through a passage (not shown) formed in the chuck table 18 to a vacuum source (not shown). The workpiece 11 loaded to the chuck table 18 by the loading mechanism 12 is held under suction by a vacuum applied from the vacuum source to the holding surface 18 a of the chuck table 18 in the condition where the back side (lower surface) 11 b of the workpiece 11 is in contact with the holding surface 18 a. A support column 20 is provided in the vicinity of the laser processing position mentioned above so as to extend upward from the upper surface of the base 4. A support arm 22 is provided on one side surface of the support column 20 so as to extend toward the upper side of the opening 4 b in the Y direction shown by an arrow Y in FIG. 1. A laser beam applying mechanism 24 is provided at the front end of the support arm 22. The laser beam applying mechanism 24 includes a laser oscillator (laser beam generating means) (not shown) for oscillating a laser beam L (see FIG. 2) and a focusing unit (focusing means) 24 a (see FIG. 2) for focusing the laser beam L oscillated by the laser oscillator to a position inside the workpiece 11 held on the chuck table 18. After the workpiece 11 loaded by the loading mechanism 12 is held under suction on the chuck table 18 set at the loading/unloading position, the chuck table 18 is moved to the laser processing position to thereby position the workpiece 11 below the laser beam applying mechanism 24. The laser beam applying mechanism 24 is adapted to generate the laser beam L having a given wavelength where energy is hard to absorb in the workpiece 11 and then focus this laser beam L inside the workpiece 11, thereby forming a modified layer 11 c (see FIG. 3) due to multiphoton absorption. A separating mechanism (separating means) 26 for separating a part of the workpiece 11 near the front side 11 a after forming the modified layer 11 c in the workpiece 11 is located on the front side of the laser beam applying mechanism 24. The separating mechanism 26 includes a suction pad 28 for sucking the front side 11 a of the workpiece 11 and a drive mechanism 30 for vertically moving and rotating the suction pad 28. After the modified layer 11 c is formed inside the workpiece 11, the chuck table 18 is moved to the loading/unloading position to thereby position the workpiece 11 below the suction pad 28. Thereafter, the suction pad 28 is lowered to suck the front side 11 a of the workpiece 11. As a result, the workpiece 11 is separated into two parts with the modified layer 11 c serving as a boundary, wherein one of the two parts is attached to the chuck table 18 and the other is attached to the suction pad 28. That is, a part (platelike member) of the workpiece 11 is separated from the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c as a boundary. A support column 32 is located on the rear side of the laser beam applying mechanism 24 so as to extend upward from the upper surface of the base 4. A Z-axis movable table 36 is provided on the front surface of the support column 32 through a Z-axis moving mechanism 34. The Z-axis moving mechanism 34 includes a pair of parallel Z-axis guide rails 38 extending in the Z direction, and the Z-axis movable table 36 is slidably supported on the Z-axis guide rails 38. A nut (not shown) is fixed to the rear surface (back surface) of the Z-axis movable table 36, and a Z-axis ball screw 40 extending parallel to the Z-axis guide rails 38 is threadedly engaged with this nut. A Z-axis pulse motor 42 is connected to one end of the Z-axis ball screw 40. Accordingly, when the Z-axis ball screw 40 is rotated by the Z-axis pulse motor 42, the Z-axis movable table 36 is moved along the Z-axis guide rails 38 in the Z direction. A grinding/polishing mechanism (grinding/polishing means) 44 for grinding or polishing the workpiece 11 is provided on the front surface of the Z-axis movable table 36. The grinding/polishing mechanism 44 includes a spindle housing 46 fixed to the Z-axis movable table 36. A spindle 48 (see FIG. 4) is rotatably supported to the spindle housing 46. A wheel mount 50 is fixed to the lower end of the spindle 48, and a grinding/polishing wheel 52 is mounted on the lower surface of the wheel mount 50. As shown in FIG. 4, the grinding/polishing wheel 52 includes a cylindrical wheel base 54 formed of a metal material such as aluminum and stainless steel and a plurality of abrasive members 56 annularly arranged on the lower surface of the wheel base 54. After a part (platelike member) of the workpiece 11 is separated from the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c as a boundary by the separating mechanism 26 mentioned above, the chuck table 18 holding the remaining part of the workpiece 11 is moved to the grinding/polishing position to thereby position the remaining workpiece 11 below the grinding/polishing mechanism 44. Thereafter, the chuck table 18 and the grinding/polishing wheel 52 are rotated and the grinding/polishing mechanism 44 is lowered by the Z-axis moving mechanism 34 to bring the abrasive members 56 of the grinding/polishing wheel 52 into contact with the workpiece 11. As a result, the modified layer 11 c left on the workpiece 11 is removed. An unloading mechanism 58 for unloading the platelike member separated from the workpiece 11 under suction is pivotably provided adjacent to the loading mechanism 12. Further, a cleaning mechanism 60 for cleaning the platelike member unloaded by the unloading mechanism 58 is located close to the unloading mechanism 58. The platelike member cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 60 is carried by the handling mechanism 6 and stored into the cassette 8 b. There will now be described a processing method for the workpiece 11 by the processing apparatus 2. First, a loading step is performed in such a manner that the workpiece 11 stored in the cassette 8 a is loaded to the chuck table 18 by using the handling mechanism 6 and the loading mechanism 12. In this loading step, the workpiece 11 is loaded to the chuck table 18 in the condition where the back side 11 b of the workpiece 11 is in contact with the holding surface 18 a of the chuck table 18. After loading the workpiece 11 to the chuck table 18 as mentioned above, a vacuum is applied to the holding surface 18 a to thereby hold the workpiece 11 on the chuck table 18 under suction. Thereafter, a modified layer forming step is performed in such a manner that the laser beam L is applied to the workpiece 11 to thereby form the modified layer 11 c inside the workpiece 11. FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing the modified layer forming step in the processing method of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the chuck table 18 is moved to the laser processing position close to the laser beam applying mechanism 24. At this laser processing position, the laser beam L is applied from the laser beam applying mechanism 24 toward the workpiece 11. The laser beam L is applied under the processing conditions including a wavelength and power capable of suitably modifying the workpiece 11. The focal point L1 of the laser beam L is set inside the workpiece 11 so that the platelike member having a desired thickness can be separated from the workpiece 11. Further, in applying the laser beam L, the chuck table 18 is rotated and moved at a low speed in the X direction parallel to the holding surface 18 a. That is, the chuck table 18 and the laser beam applying mechanism 24 are relatively moved in a direction (holding surface direction) parallel to the holding surface 18 a. As a result, the focal point L1 of the laser beam L is moved so as to describe a spiral locus at a predetermined depth inside the workpiece 11. Accordingly, the modified layer 11 c parallel to the holding surface 18 a is formed at this predetermined depth inside the workpiece 11. The rotational speed and feed speed of the chuck table 18 are adjusted so that the modified layer 11 c is suitable for the separation of the platelike member from the workpiece 11. After performing the modified layer forming step, a separating step is performed in such a manner that the platelike member is separated from the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c as a boundary. FIG. 3 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing the separating step. In this separating step, the chuck table 18 is first moved to the loading/unloading position close to the separating mechanism 26. Thereafter, the suction pad 28 is lowered by the drive mechanism 30 to bring the lower surface (suction surface) of the suction pad 28 into contact with the front side 11 a of the workpiece 11. In this condition, the workpiece 11 is sucked by the suction pad 28. Accordingly, stress is applied to the modified layer 11 c to thereby separate a part (platelike member) of the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c near the front side 11 a of the workpiece 11. After performing the separating step as mentioned above, an unloading step is performed in such a manner that the platelike member separated from the workpiece 11 and held by the separating mechanism 26 is unloaded by the unloading mechanism 58. At the same time, a grinding/polishing step is performed in such a manner that the remaining workpiece 11 held on the chuck table 18 is ground or polished by the grinding/polishing mechanism 44. FIG. 4 is a partially sectional side view schematically showing the grinding/polishing step. In the unloading step, the suction pad 28 is raised and rotated 180 degrees about a horizontal axis extending in the Y direction. As a result, the platelike member separated from the workpiece 11 and held by the suction pad 28 is oriented upward so that the platelike member can be held under suction by the unloading mechanism 58. Thereafter, the platelike member is held under suction by the unloading mechanism 58 and unloaded to the cleaning mechanism 60. The platelike member cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 60 is carried by the handling mechanism 6 and stored into the cassette 8 b. On the other hand, the grinding/polishing step is performed in the following manner. First, the chuck table 18 holding the remaining workpiece 11 is moved to the grinding/polishing position to thereby position the workpiece 11 below the grinding/polishing mechanism 44. Thereafter, the chuck table 18 and the grinding/polishing wheel 52 are rotated and the grinding/polishing mechanism 44 is lowered by the Z-axis moving mechanism 34 to bring the abrasive members 56 of the grinding/polishing wheel 52 into contact with the workpiece 11. Accordingly, the workpiece 11 is ground or polished to thereby remove the modified layer 11 c left on the upper surface of the workpiece 11. After this grinding/polishing step is finished, the modified layer forming step, the separating step, and the grinding/polishing step are repeatedly performed to continuously process the workpiece 11. As described above, the processing apparatus 2 according to this preferred embodiment includes the chuck table (holding means) 18 having the holding surface 18 a for rotatably holding the workpiece 11, the laser beam applying mechanism 24 for applying the laser beam L to the workpiece 11 so as to form the modified layer 11 c inside the workpiece 11, the X-axis moving mechanism and the rotational drive mechanism (relatively moving means) for relatively moving the chuck table 18 and the laser beam applying mechanism 24 in the direction parallel to the holding surface 18 a, and the separating mechanism (separating means) 26 for separating a part of the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c as a boundary. With this configuration, a part of the workpiece 11 can be separated from the workpiece 11 along the modified layer 11 c as a boundary formed by the application of the laser beam L. That is, cutting of the workpiece 11 by the use of any tool such as a band saw and a wire saw is not required in this preferred embodiment, so that a portion of the workpiece 11 corresponding to the thickness of the tool is not lost. Further, by adjusting the depth of the modified layer 11 c to be formed inside the workpiece 11, a part of the workpiece 11 can be separated so as to have a small thickness. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent poor economy such that a thick part of the workpiece 11 is separated by cutting and thereafter ground to reduce the thickness of the separated part. Thusly, according to the processing apparatus 2, the workpiece 11 such as an ingot can be processed without loss. The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiment, but various modifications may be made. For example, while an ingot formed of a semiconductor material is used as the workpiece 11 in the above preferred embodiment, the processing apparatus of the present invention can be used also in thinning a wafer or the like having a general thickness. That is, a wafer or the like may be used as the workpiece 11. Further, the processing apparatus of the present invention can be used also in thinning a wafer having devices formed on the front side. In this case, the processing method mentioned above may be performed in place of the back grinding of the wafer. Further, while the laser beam L is a single-spot beam in the above preferred embodiment, the laser beam L may be a multispot beam. For example, a laser beam L shaped by using a technique as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 2011-79044 may be applied to the workpiece 11. By using a multispot beam as the laser beam L, the modified layer 11 c can be formed in a short time. The present invention is not limited to the details of the above described preferred embodiment. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and all changes and modifications as fall within the equivalence of the scope of the claims are therefore to be embraced by the invention. What is claimed is: 1. A processing apparatus comprising: holding means having a holding surface for rotatably holding a workpiece; a laser beam applying mechanism having laser beam generating means for generating a laser beam and focusing means for focusing said laser beam generated by said laser beam generating means to the inside of said workpiece held by said holding means; relatively moving means for relatively moving said holding means and said laser beam applying mechanism in a direction parallel to said holding surface of said holding means while applying the laser beam to said workpiece to thereby form a modified layer inside of said workpiece; separating means for separating a part of said workpiece along said modified layer as a boundary formed inside said workpiece; and grinding/polishing means having a grinding/polishing wheel for grinding or polishing said modified layer left on said workpiece after separating said part and a spindle for rotatably mounting said grinding/polishing wheel. 2. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising positioning means for selectively positioning said holding means to a laser processing position corresponding to said laser beam applying mechanism and a grinding/polishing position corresponding to said grinding/polishing means..

sn83045863_1952-11-08_1_6_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Public Domain

SOCIAL CALENDAR By ALMIRA PARK Sympathy is extended to former Bostonian Mildred Benjamin Williams of Cleveland, Ohio, whose husband suffered death in an accident last month, Mildred is the daughter of Atty. Edgar P. Benjamin, founder of Resthaven, who has just returned from Cleveland where he went to support his daughter in her bereavement and who says that she will remain in the Western City... Genial Dr. John B. Hall is about returning from Chicago after a vacation in the Windy City with his son and daughter-in-law and his two grand-children. This was the Dr.’s first plane trip... The account of the inauguration of Boston's own Wilhelmina Crosson as president of Palmer Memorial Institute, Sedalia, N.C., succeeding the founder and first auxiliary president, Dr. Charlotte Hawkins Brown, was delayed awaiting the pictures of the event. Lack of receipt of them, here is a brief account of the important happening. Boston was well represented at the ceremonies. Attending were the following Beantowners: Rev. William H. Hester, pastor of Twelfth Baptist Church of which Wilhelmina is a member and former Sunday School superintendent, and Mrs. Hester; Tasker Crosson, brother of the new president, representing the Crosson family; Mrs. Lottie Kimball, Dean of Women there, and director of Galen Stone Hall (the girls’ dormitory); the following members of Aristo club of which Wilhelmina is a member. A was the founder, Misses Josephine E. Williams, Geraldine Barker, and Gertrude E. Brown; also Miss Anna Foreman. Mrs. Samuel Washington, Mrs. Isabel Brooks, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Stone (Mr. Stone being the son of Sedalia’s first big benefactor). Also Miss Odile Sweeney, formerly of Cambridge, now executive of college division of National YMCA. The ceremonies started on Friday, Oct. 3, celebrating Sedalia’s 51st anniversary with a supper dance in the evening and continuing Saturday with trustees’ luncheon, tour of the grounds for the guests, musical and literary recital in Wellesley chapel, Dr. Brown’s delightful “At Home” to teachers and guests at Canary cottage where she lives, and the final day, Sunday, when the formal inauguration exercises were held in Wellesley Chapel at 3:30 P.M. The program was simple, but impressive with Mr. C. R. Wharton, chairman of trustee board, presiding. Dr. Hester pronounced the benediction; Carol Brice, well known soprano, niece of Dr. Brown, sang the solo from Handel’s Allelujah Chorus; greetings from the following: Robert G. Stone of Boston, representing Harvard University; Miss Mary Petty, for Wellesley College; Dr. F. D. Patterson, for Tuskegee Institute; Dr. W. C. Jackson, for N. C. College for Women; Dr. F. D. Bluford, for A. and T. College and Prof. O. R. Pope, for Bennett, both from Greensboro, N. C.; a representative of N. C. College founded by the late Dr. Barnes E. Shepard of Durham, N.C.; another solo by Miss Brice, inaugural address by Dr. Mordecai Johnson of Howard University; introduction of the president-elect with inaugural speech by the latter. Miss Crosson made a most favorable impression on the audience which packed the hall. Simple but direct she voiced her appreciation of the confidence and honor bestowed on her by the retiring president and promised her best abilities in carrying out the principles and purposes of the founder. She was most becomingly attired for the occasion. The visitors were impressed by the pretentious buildings and especially by the fine deportment of the students. Mrs. Brown has made a point of teaching manners to her pupils and her untiring efforts in that direction were amply rewarded. Whitley Card Shop (formerly 420 Mast. Ave.) now located at 613 COLUMBUS AVE., Apt. 2 XMAS CARDS — order now CARDS FOR ALL OCCASIONS Alfreda Kiner Freeland SOLOIST Weddings, Banquets, Funerals CO 6-0410-TR 6-3173 Patronize Our Advertisers ACADEMY OF MUSICAL ART (A Registered School of Professional Training) Piano, Drama, Voice and Classical Dancing and 3 Claremont Park, Boston 18, Mass. - KE 6-9454 ANNA BOBITT-CARDNER, Mus.B. Director Registration — week of Sept. 8 — Lessens begin week of Sept. 15 Registration hours — week days — 9 A.M. till 6 P.M. ALMIRA PARK dicated. Everywhere there was a decorum and quiet voice, quiet manners and quiet dress. Dr. Brown has great faith in her successor whom she chose, has great affection for her whom she has known ever so many years and is willing to stay on at Miss Crosson’s request in an advisory capacity. Miss Crosson has a marvelous program lined out for the students. The school has a group of 12 fine buildings: the largest is the Galen Stone, valued at $100,000. The Stones, who were Sedalia’s biggest benefactors also contributed a goodly amount of the $150,000 necessary to rebuild after the recent fire. Dr. Brown will continue for two or three years as advisor to the new head who starts with a salary equal to that which Dr. Brown received. The latter hopes that a Sedalia Club will be started in Boston including friends of Wilhelmina who will support Palmer Memorial Institute as the Cambridge Club supported Dr. Brown, sending contributions to the school. As everyone knows, the school is a very great credit to the wise and efficient management of the founder and all wish for it continued success under the new president. Miss Crosson had a successful career as a Boston school teacher. She was born in Rutherford, N.J., and educated in Boston, one of nine children. She was graduated from Salem Normal School and from Boston Teachers’ College. Her education was furthered by courses at Emerson College of Oratory, Harvard College, and Columbia University and the University of Mexico. All in all, she is well qualified for her new post and all her Boston friends wish for her a successful career as college president. An effort will be made this fall to revive the Guardian Ladies Auxiliary which flourished several years ago during the editorship of William Monroe Trotter. Some of the organization’s officers were Mrs. Emory T. Morris, chairman; Mrs. Sophie Ross Williams, secretary; Mrs. Mary E. Gibson, treasurer. The organization did a grand job. Tomorrow comes the recital of Matilda Birch, soprano, Gladys Nairne Fuller, reader, and Carmen Fuller, pianist, in New England Mutual Hall. The hour is 3:30 P.M. and music lovers are assured of fine entertainment and are urged to attend in good numbers. The Boston Literary and Historical Association sponsors the concert and Nov. 9 is the 51st anniversary of The Guardian. Friends of the latter are especially invited to attend in honor of that event. Mr. and Mrs. W. C. Cole of Harold St. returned from a 3 weeks’ vacation in time to vote on Tuesday. During their trip they visited Mrs. Cole’s sister, Mrs. Sadie Devron, at her summer home on the Dupont Highway, in Maryland; also Atlantic City, and in N.Y. City were guests at Hotel Gov. Clinton where they spent a week of their three weeks. Gibson's Studio of PHOTOGRAPHY, REALISTIC PORTRAITS, Weddings — Reproductions, Colorings, Studio and Home Sittings, 776 Tremont Street, Boston, Mass. CITY NEWS: Four home, your business, make it secure — insure! is the motto of Julian C. Branker, who specializes in real estate and insurance of every description, stressing courtesy and service in telegraphy! 386-A WARREN ST., ROXBURY. HI 2-3770; HI 5-8174. The Charitable Health Associa tions tea Sunday, Nov. 9, 4 P.M. At 558 Mass ave. will have as guest speaker, Mrs. Jack Harper of the Physicians Medical Laboratory, Washington, D.C. The public is invited. There will be no admission charge. Mrs. Satyra P. Bennett is president and Mrs. Margaret Lewis, chairman. The Professional Dressmakers and Designers Guild cordially invites you to a cocktail party at Howland Manor, Sunday, Nov. 30, 4 to 7 P.M. Come and enjoy yourself and bring your holiday guest. Invitations can be had from any of the officers or members. The president is Mrs. Edna Morgan, modiste, 355 Warren st., Roxbury. The ANNUAL THREE-DAY FAIR of St. Bartholomew’s Church will be held in the Parish Hall of the Church 239 Harvard st., Cambridge. Wednesday, Nov. 12, through Nov. 14, 1952. Variety Show, Wednesday, Nov. 12 - Turkey Dinner, Nov. 13, P.M. served by the men of the Parish, Admission $1.50 - Friday, local talent night. Gaily decorated booths - a chance to buy Christmas gifts. A cordial invitation is extended to all. Claudine A. Robinson, chairman, and her committee are working hard to make the affair a success. After attending the National Housewives League convention in Washington, Mrs. Estella Lee Crosby attended the convention of the National Association of Business and Professional Women in Philadelphia. The Boston Chapter will hold its initial meeting Sunday, Nov. 16 at La Newton Beauty School. 462 Mass. Ave. Free tickets on application at N.E. Conservatory of Music include: a pianoforte recital by Howard Goding, supervisor of the piano department at the New England Conservatory of Music, Wednesday, November 12, in Jordan Hall at 8:30 P.M. The program is Schubert, Sonata in A minor, Op. 164; Haydn, Sonata in G major; Schumann, Etudes Symphoniques, Op. 13; Debussy, Images (2e serie); Debussy, La Puerta del vino; Ravel, Une barque sur I’ocean; a concert by Advanced Students of the Conservatory, Thursday, November 13, in Jordan Hall at 8:30 P.M.; a concert by Mildred Miller, mezzo, soprano, graduate of the Conservatory and member of the Metropolitan Opera Company, Sunday, November 16, in Jordan Hall at 3:30 P.M. This concert is for the benefit of the Scholarship Fund of the Conservatory. (Tickets on sale at the Jordan Hall box office, a concert by the Delta Omicron Sorority of the Conservatory, November 17 in Recital Hall at 8:30 P.M.; a vio- lioncello recital by Paul Tortelier presented by the Fanny Peabody Mason Music Foundation and sponsored by the Conservatory Tuesday, November 18 in Jordan Hall at 8:30 P.M. Tickets without charge up to the capacity of the hall on application to the Jordan Hall box office. Women’s Day will be celebrated at the Union Baptist Church Cambridge, on Sunday, Nov. 9. Guest speaker in the morning will be Mrs. Eva Gibson of Washington, D.C. Her subject "Religious Heritage of Women". At the afternoon service, dynamic Miss Gertrude Tanneyhill, former Urban League worker, will be the guest speaker. National Children’s Book Week comes Nov. 16 - Nov. 22 at the Boston Public Library. The Stewardess Board, No. 14, Charles St. A.M.E. Church, met Thursday night, Nov. 6 at 8 Carlton St., Roxbury, President Stafford presiding. The Church of God and Saints of Christ, 1058 Tremont St., are celebrating the 14th anniversary of the pastor, Elder H. Hall, Nov. 3-13, ending with a special program, Sunday, Nov. 16, at 7:30 P.M., Ernestine Williams, Mistress of Ceremonies. Revs. Grady and Roberts assisted Nov. 3 and Nov. 6; Revs. Kelly and Bennett will participate Nov. 11 and Nov. 13. Hear THE MELLOIRS over Radio Station WBZ, Sundays. 9:45 to 10 a.m. Broadcasts begin Oct. 12. Special church announcements can be obtained at a reasonable cost. Call Financial sponsor, C. W. Herron. Commonwealth 6-2894. J. Nathaniel Saunders of Washington, D.C. spent a few days in Boston this week visiting his sister-in-law Miss Elsie Ricks, 18 Westminster St. and renewing old acquaintances. He went over to Worcester to vote in the presidential election, Nov. 4 and that was the main purpose of his coming to New England at this time. He is a native of West Newton but had resided also in Worcester and Boston several years before going to Washington where he is employed in the Government Printing Office. Lincoln (Pa) University students in a mock election last week voted overwhelmingly for Adlai Stevenson. The “Election” was conducted by the Social Science Club, headed by Martin Kilson which seeks to develop and enter into the current political and social affairs of the order. The Annual Sermon of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows will be held Sunday, November 9, at Metropolitan Baptist Church, Shawmut ave., near Ruggles st., Boston. Pastor M. J. Minor will deliver the sermon. Members are asked to assemble at 7 P.M.: service begins at 7:30 P.M. Courses in Red Cross, Home Nursing, and First Aid will be sponsored by the Boston Tuberculosis Association, 554 Columbus Ave. The courses will be held every Tuesday at 8 P.M. Registrations will close Tuesday, November 11. Mrs. Anna Jackson will teach the First Aid Group. TAKE BREAKFAST, Sunday, Nov. 30 7:30 to 9:30 a.m. with the John Calvin Fidelity Union. Judge Edward O. Gourdin, of Roxbury Court, guest speaker. Gloucester Memorial Presbyterian Church, the Rev Wm. I. Fneves, minister, 541 Mass, ave., Boston. Donation 95c. On Friday evening, November 14, at 8:15, the internationally known concert singers, Garfield Henry’s SILVERTONES, will be presented at the Blessed Sacrament Mission, 60 Vernon st., Roxbury. The event is being sponsored by the Guild of the Eucharist. Heart of which Mrs. James McQueeney of Quincy is Board Chairman, with Miss Marie Stewart, Chairman of the concert. The Gospel chorus of the Columbus ave. A.M.E. Zion Church, are sponsoring a Home Coming and Musical Tea Sunday, Nov. 16, 1952, at 3 P.M. and all members and friends are cordially invited to attend their Home Coming program and Tea. Mrs. Athalia Brown is chairman. Mrs. Annie M. Jackson is President. The above chorus wishes To congratulate The Guardian on its 51st birthday, Wishing the paper and Editor many more years of service to our city and other sections of the country. (Signed) The Gospel Chorus of the Columbus A.M.E. Zion Church Mrs. Annie M. Jackson, Mrs. Malcolman Banks, Mrs. Edna A. Walcott, Mrs. Lillian Butterfield and two little cousins all motored to Springfield, Mass., Sunday to visit at the bedside of Mrs. Jackson's son-in-law, Albert Griffin, who they found a very sick man. His many friends wish him a speedy recovery. The Georgia Social and Benevolent Club held their opening meeting at the home of Mrs. Fannie Bell and Mrs. Nettie Archie with a programme of Stainless Steel cookware. The purpose of the demonstration was to show people the advantage in cooking with stainless steel. The food prepared by the demonstrator, Mr. Hartman, was as follows, roast beef, gravy, rice, potatoes, peas, carrots, beets, cabbage, pears, and coffee. The twenty-four people at the meeting agreed that food prepared this way was more healthful. After dinner there was election of officers installed by Mrs. Florence Silverwright, president of the Virginia Club, as follows: Mrs. Fannie Bell, Pres. Mrs. Mable J. Dean, Vice-Pres. Mrs. Ella L. Kimble, Rec T Sec. Mrs. Nettie Archie, Fin-Sec. Mrs. Lillie Schuyler, Parliamentarian, Mrs Lillian Richardson, Treas. The Twentieth Annivesary Dinner of the Charles Hayden Goodwin Inn for Boys, operated by Morgan Memorial, will be held Wednesday, November 19, at 6:30 P.M., in Brown Hall of the New England Conservatory of Music, Huntington Ave., Boston. The speaker will be Dr. Abram L. Sachar, President of Brandeis University. Invited guests will include: clude J. Willard Hayden, President of the Charles Hayden Foundation; Dr. Emil M. Hart, Director of the Charles Hayden Foundation; Dr. Emil M. Hart, Director of the Charles Hayden Foundation; Dr. Frank C. Jennings of Massachusetts Council of Churches. The Governor has issued a Proclamation for Armistice Day, Tuesday, Nov. 11, 1952 and also for American Education Week, November 9-15. At the October meeting of the Greater Boston Housewives League, Inc., final plans were made for a bigger and better bazaar to be held at the Lenox St. Housing Project Social Hall, Thursday, Dec. 4. Something doing from 11 a.m. to 11 p.m. Admission free. Many useful articles for Christmas. See any member for space. The Senior Stewardess Board of Charles St. AME Church held its first meeting of the fall season at the home of Mrs. M. Biggs, 86 Walnut Ave., Roxbury, with ten present. L. Small, president, B. Raynor, v. president, N. Miller, secretary. A new member joined and all enjoyed a most delicious collation, served by Cora Freeman, hostess. George DeAllie of 129 Chilton St., North Cambridge, returned home from Grenada on Thursday, Oct. 30, after a month's visit with his parents. His father and mother were born in Delhi, India, and went to Grenada to live. George came to the states about thirty years ago to get his education and this was his first visit home. For the past twenty-five years he has been employed as a mechanic for the N.Y.N.H. and Hartford railroad. DONATE YOUR BLOOD TO THE BOYS IN KOREA "LADY HILDA" SM Lanolin Hair Refiner It’s Light — As You Like It KEEPS YOUR HAIR SOFT — As You Prefer It On Sale At 9 Your Beautician — Druggist HIGHLAND PHARMACY, 1057 Tremont Street, Boston BAY STATE PHARMACY, 840 Tremont Street, Boston SHORE PHARMACY, 294 Concord Avenue, Cambridge WHITE CROSS DRUG, 569 Columbus Avenue, Boston LAUREL DRUG, 56 Laurel Street, Boston LAUREL DRUG, 56 Laurel Street, Boston HUMBOLDT DRUG, 1819 Washington St., Boston BRADDOCK DRUG, 2121 Washington St., Boston KNIGHT’S DRUG, 1819 Washington St., Boston KNIGHT’S DRUG, 2121 Washington St., Boston JASPAN DRUG, 134 Harold St., Roxbury Made Exclusively By EDWARD A. SPORT LABORATORY Mfg. Chemists 17 Graham St., S. Weymouth 90, Mass. WE 9-3293-M Member Betton Chamber of Commerce Weekly GI News letter By BILL FLANAGAN (Send the Tribune every week to your Serviceman) To a GI Guy from C; U', Hi: Your home town is blurry eyed as a result of the campaign which started too early and took too long. The people were sick of it, missing their favorite programs — cars, posts & houses covered with stickers & sound wagons on the loose day & night. Ike & Nixon wound up in the Hub, touring Southie, Dor., Mattapan and suburbs... Over 100 hurt in general alarm fire at Union Wharf on Hub waterfront... 11,000 Mass, residents donate blood in Oct.... Names of persons entitled to tax refund now appearing in paper.... Rep. Ianello files bill to increase ciggy tax.... Hub cop wins $3400 on ‘Break the Bank’ TV program. May TV only b.b. road games. ... Female tax expert guilty of padding exemptions... Dr. Van Waters holds job for 5 more years. Hynes asks million $ for pay hikes.... Hub real estate bureau re-valued.... Newsboy’s dad offers $500 reward for hit-run driver’s arrest.... Mass, woods closed; fire hazard; no rain for over 30 days.... Winthrop pin boy gets fractured skull in bowling mishap.... Brakes slip on door car, rolls down hill & hits girl.... Plymouth man starts 3rd year in jail for refusing to give up daughter to divorced wife.... man killed crossing route 1 at Norwood.... Bullet crashes through B&M train at Revere.... Sam Langford given testimonial.... Job applicant fails in quest for work but grabs $500 from till at Hub sport shop.... S. End women badly beaten; on Shawmut Av.... Thieves. Fall out & fight, cops called, held for Ch’s’n holdup.... 3 Ros. homes damaged by fire.... Stoneham cop, killing injured dog, shoots self in ft.... Legislators may have to punch time clock & pensions for less than 20 years service.... Mass, state farm escape returns from Florida to give self up.... Truck loses Brockton light pole just missing 2 gals & child.... Norwood bank robber gets 25 years, threatens to escape from Charles St. so is rushed to federal prison.... 3 children eating candy in Weston auto, indirect cause of 2 women & themselves being killed when car crashed.... Hub tax abatement racket probed.... Hub council pres. Piemonte reads riot act to workers.... Tie hockey games booed.... Comm. Av. small may be removed for parking.... 2 Ros. youths held for assaulting 3 high school lads.... 3 S. End lads' in stolen car picked up 2 G.I s thumbing ride at Wareham; cops spotted car & gave chase; G.I.s pleaded to be left out; speedometer broke at 110 mph, car trapped & lads caught in Milton.... 24 Mass, bookies buy federal stamps.... Dor. cop Jim Barrett dies suddenly.... Braves farm pitcher Gene Conley tries out with Celtics.. Quincy auto lot parking operators fined $7200 for over ceiling charging.... 1st snow arrives. New E. Boston water terminal costs $916 million.... 10 Cambridge lads steal fire extinguishers worth $1000.... Stoneham man shoots self while hunting. 11l Eddie Cantor’s 1st visitors were Hub cab drivers who drove to Cal. to thank him for boosting their profession.... 8000 bed sheets missing; 2 Rox. men HI 5-7571 Women, Men: Earn $100 a Week! Learn APEX BEAUTY CULTURE APEX BEAUTY SCHOOL 720 SHAWMUT AVENUE BOSTON Leader in Beauty Culture Training Marcel — Finger — Crequignole — Permanent Waving Machinery and Machinework — Cold Waving Taught MARIONETTE SCRUGGS, Director Only Apex Beauty School in New England held .... Marciano's kid brother tries out at 3b with Brooklyn. ... 9,000,000 vehicles yearly pass through E. B. tunnel.... 90,000 loafing in Mass.... New million hangar at Logan.... R.R. sells 2 market sites on South Hampton & Rutherford aye.... Hub 15 year old mother abandoned babe... Man burned in Dor. Yacht Club explosion... Archbishop says today’s girls need training as future wives... Lincoln Downs fans boo judges decision... Man fined for being late in court... S. End man gets divorce after wife was gone 28 years. (Some men have no patience.)... Lawrence G. 1., sought as deserter, had lost memory for 7 years... N. End firebug at work... 2 bandits held for robbing Foxboro case twice... Entertainer & boy friend caught with heroin... Hub garment workers adopt 2 war orphans... Rox. man held for hit-run death... Another Brink fake confession... S. End truck driver smuggles girls into U. S. Man escapes Georgia chain gang & lives quietly in Mass., for 3 years... Milton army officer says most Koreans are anti-commy... Turkeys cheaper this year... MTA starter rescues man from Central Sq. pit... Cambridge gas worker not guilty of drunk driving; just groggy from fumes... Some air war dens have special plates on autos; no more... Judge views SKILO games, to decide on legality... Catholic lawyers banned from divorce cases... Army seeking men & girls for civilian work overseas at $60 to $200 weekly. Southie Sgt. Geo. Buckley’s 25th infantry in Korea gives... Japan orphanage... Habitual failure to vote is a sin... Fisherman’s widow awarded $65,000. New Mass, law prohibits killers getting paroled.... Winchester truck driver caught taking dummy payroll.... Hyde Park boy and dad get $10,000 for auto injuries.... Jack Bruno new Vice-pres. S. B. Citizens.... 2nd E. B. tunnel planned.... Bob Donohue with army security, OSC, Ft. Benning.... Teachers convention in Hub Nov. 27.... Msgr. Lord resigns as library trustee.... B.C.H. 19-S.B.H. 6; Dor. 26-Brighton 12.... Joey Cam, E.B. k.o.s John O’Brien, Dor.; Gus Mell, Montreal draws Wilbur Wilson, Rox.; Curley Munroe beats Willy Cee; only 1500 attend.... Most alleys now have Sunday bowling.... Tell your buddies from greater Boston to have their folks ask their local papers to publish these letters every week. We are glad to furnish them free. Hoping to soon again see the sunshine of your smile (maybe window shopping along Tremont St. with your favorite person) good bye, good luck and God bless you. — BILL FLANAGAN. Rudolph Dußois CATERER Back in town ready to reopen. Catering for all occasions 1090 TREMONT ST. ROXBURY THOMAS STUDIO PHOTOGRAPHERS - PHOTO-ENGRAVERS BRIDAL PORTRAITS Formal. Candid — Movie. I 1 979 TREMONT STREET But. Tel. GA 7-0388 Real. Tel. IK. LET US MAKE YOUR LINE OR HALF TONE CUTS CSCIPW’ PORTRAITS Preserve the Highlights OM of your Children’s Lives for the Years To Come BROWNE STUDIO 560 COLUMBUS AVE., BOSTON • KE 6-3533 CLUB WOMEN HONOR ALABAMIAN A gala event took place at the home of Mrs. Susie Lewis, 40 Williams st. Thursday, Oct. 30, when Mrs. Rachel Saunders, president of the Mass. State Union of Women’s Clubs, with other officers entertained Mrs. H. M. Gibbs of Alabama, second vice-president of the National Association of Colored Women, and an officer in the women’s auxiliary of the National Baptist Convention. The evening was spent listening to narratives of the recent national convention, which was held in Los Angeles, and several delightful readings by Mrs. Nan E. Trapp. Among those present were Mes- HEADS BTA SEALS SALE fel JIM GEORGE F. OAKES Vice President of R. M. Bradley & Co. and prominent Boston realtor, appointed chairman of the 1952 B.T.A. Christmas Seal Sale Campaign, which begins Monday, November 17. Mr. Oakes is a member of the Boston City Planning Board, was recently named by Mayor Hynes to the Christmas Festival Fund Committee of the City of Boston. He is Vice President of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Boston Real Estate Board, Boston Kiwanis Club and Aleppo Temple. The annual Christmas Seal Sale of the Boston Tuberculosis Association is the sole support of the many activities of the Association in both Boston and Chelsea. These include the Prendergast Preventorium for children in Mattapan, the sheltered Workshop for the rehabilitation of tuberculous patients in downtown Boston, numerous community and industrial x-ray campaigns and health projects. HELEN E. MANN Representative of FULLER... Hi-Grade Cosmetic Products and Fashion Frocks Fine Fabrics — Exclusive Styling Excellent Workmanship — "Charmingly Different" Also Men's Wear 31 HOLYOKE ST. BOSTON KE 6-4030 Announcing The Fall Opening of Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts 7 Waumbeck Street, Roxbury Classes for Children, Youths and Adults in Dance, Drama, Music, Art Registration Beginning Thursday, September 11th Registration Tues, thru Fri.—2-7; Sat. —10 to 6 Phone HI 2-4881 dames Melnea Cass, Nellie Smith, Elizabeth Crichlow, Charlotte Simmons and Ruth Brown of Lynn; Lottie White and E. Crucher of Boburn; Gen eva Shaw and Mrs..Thomas Haverhill; Viola Mason, Gertrude Chandler, Eloise Jones, G. Morrison, Nora Mumby, Viola Ryder, Mrs. Morgan, Laura Seldon, Mrs. Inez Finsley, first recording secretary of the National Association, who escorted Mrs. Gibbs to and from the party and was also a special guest, and others. A sumptuous repast was served by the president and her committee. Mrs. Gibbs is visiting her son at 42 Deckard St., Roxbury. "SIDEWALK" HOST TO "THE SHRIKE" Friday night of last week, after their regular evening performance, Van Heflin, star of the "Shrike" and the entire cast were entertained by The Side Walk Players at a Hollowe’en party at the home of Half Coleman in Roxbury. Van Heflin and his charming wife, movie star Pat Neal, came early and stayed late, mixing graciously with the Players and guests, enjoying themselves thoroughly. Mr. Heflin, himself, was the most genuine, unassuming person of the entire group, posing patiently for snaps and autographing enumerable programs and papers. The colored members of “The Strike” present were Max Glanville, well known New York stage and television actor, who is being considered for the leading role in the forthcoming “Joe Louis Story”. Joe Comadore, native drummer, Ken Renard, who played Tousaint in “Lydia Bailley” and Claire Jay, the “Blanche” of “Ana Lucasta”. Mr. Heflin was extremely interested in Sidewalk's next production, this Friday and Saturday nights (7 and 8) at the Shaw House, as he played a leading role in the original Broadway production, “The Philadelphia Story”. He talked at length with Sidewalk’s director J. Riche Coleman concerning points of interest and business during the play. Over fifty persons were present. KEIZER & KEIZER Real Estate 134-A Humboldt Ave. KEIZER, Jr. On The Spot Cleanser 134-A Humboldt Ave., Rox. GA 7-7316.

github_open_source_100_8_19895

Github OpenSource

Various open source

<?php namespace Zhmi\ExpertSender; /** * Базовый класс для всех ответов * @package Zhme\ExpertSender */ class Response { /** * @var array Массив заголовков http ответа */ private $responseHeaders = array(); /** * @var null|integer HTTP код ответа от сервера */ private $responseCode = null; /** * @var mixed Экземпляр сущности, десериализованной из xml */ private $responseEntity = null; /** * @var null|string Тело ответа */ private $responseBody = null; /** * @param string|null $body Тело ответа от сервера * @param array|null $headers Заголовки ответа от сервера * @param string|null $responseEntityType Ожидаемый тип сущности ответа */ function __construct($body, $headers, $responseEntityType = null) { $responseCode = null; foreach ($headers as $header) { if (preg_match('~HTTP.+ ([0-9]+).+~', $header, $matches)) { $responseCode = $matches[1]; } } $this->responseBody = $body; $expectedEntity = strpos($body, 'ErrorMessage') !== false ? 'Zhmi\\ExpertSender\\Response\\ErrorMessageType' : $responseEntityType; $entity = null; if ($body !== null) { $parser = new XmlParser( $expectedEntity ); $entity = $parser->parse( $body ); } $this->responseCode = $responseCode; $this->responseEntity = $entity; $this->responseHeaders = $headers; } public function getResponseCode() { return $this->responseCode; } public function getResponseBody() { return $this->responseBody; } /** * Проверяет успешность отработанного запроса. Проверяет, начинается ли код статуса ответа на 2 * @return bool */ public function isOk() { return strpos($this->responseCode, '2') === 0; } public function getEntity() { return $this->responseEntity; } }

github_open_source_100_8_19896

Github OpenSource

Various open source

const apolloLogger = { requestDidStart({ request }) { const { query, http } = request const httpSymbols = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(http) // creates object from 'Request internals' symbol in http obj const requestInternals = http[httpSymbols[1]] // builds date and string const now = new Date() const date = `${now.getHours()}:${now.getMinutes()}:${now.getSeconds()} ${now.getDay()}/${now.getMonth()}/${now.getFullYear()}` const info = `${requestInternals.method} -- ${query} -- ${date}` console.log('==========', info, '==========') return { parsingDidStart(ctx) { console.log('Parsing Started') }, validationDidStart(ctx) { console.log('Validation started.') } } } } export default apolloLogger

3317904_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

Раби Исроэл Салантер (настоящее имя: Израиль Вольфович Липкин; ,  — , ) — основатель движения Мусар, известный глава йешивы и талмудист. Отец математика и изобретателя Липмана Липкина. Биография Исроэл Салантер родился в местечке Жагаре, где его отец, раввин Вольф Лейбович Липкин (1788—1858), возглавлял иешиву и стал первым учителем сына. У него были братья Ицик (1808), Михл (1813), Липман (1818) и Рувин (1820). В 12 лет женился на Эстер Айзенштейн (1810—?) — дочери раввина Янкева Айзенштейна из Саланта. Как было принято, молодые поселились у тестя, который взял на себя заботы о материальном обеспечении семьи, дав зятю возможность продолжить религиозное образование. Был известен как Исроэл Салантер (идиш: из Саланты); официальной оставалась фамилия Липкин. В возрасте 14 лет Салантер послал свои хидушим (аналитические комментарии к Талмуду) одному из высших галахических авторитетов Европы р. Акиве Эйгеру, назвавшему эти заметки «гениальными из гениальных». Другие современники, также восхищавшиеся познаниями юного талмудиста, называли его «маленьким Альфаси». Основным наставником стал , ближайший ученик Акивы Эйгера. Внешне Йосеф-Зундель вёл жизнь простого торговца, однако он ежедневно уединялся в ближайшей роще, где изучал «Месилат йешарим» («Путь праведных») — этический трактат Хаима-Моше Луцатто, итальянского раввина XVIII века. Согласно преданию, Йосеф-Зундель заметил, что кто-то наблюдает за ним. Внимательно приглядевшись, он заметил молодого Салантера, и сказал ему: «Исроилке, займись книгами мусара (этики) и станешь по-настоящему богобоязненным евреем». С тех пор они начали заниматься вместе. Большинство из методов духовной работы, которые Салантер впоследствии сделал достоянием всего еврейского мира, были разработаны его наставником Йосефом-Зунделем. В свою очередь, Йосеф-Зундель развивал те методы воспитания, которые были апробированы в иешивах Хаима из Воложина и Акивы Эйгера, а ещё раньше — в доме учения Виленского Гаона, который сформулировал исходный постулат будущей школы мусара: «Основа человеческой жизни — постоянно преодолевать дурные качества характера; и если человек этого не делает, то для чего он живёт?!». В 1840 году Салантер начал преподавать в знаменитой виленской иешиве Рамайлес. Его уроки по Талмуду и галахе пользовались большой популярностью. Однако главное внимание Салантер уделял морали, самопознанию и самосовершенствованию, а также заповедям в отношении ближних. Своих учеников Исраэль призывал относиться к заповедям «бейн адам лехаверо» («между людьми») хотя бы с той же педантичностью и серьёзностью, как они относятся к запретам субботы или к законам о кошерности пищи. Разработанная им этическая система получила название мусар (этика). В 1842 году Салантер оставил ешиву Рамайлес и, объединив вокруг себя группу наиболее талантливых учеников, основал Мусар-штибл (Дом этики), занятия в котором строились на изучении классических книг мусара — таких, как «Ховот ха-левавот» («Обязанности сердец») Бахьи ибн Пакуды и «Месилат йешарим» Моше-Хаима Луцатто (Рамхаля). В 1848 году царским правительством в Вильне было основано раввинское училище, которое должно было готовить раввинов «нового типа» — просвещённых, образованных, знающих русский язык. Исраэлю Салантеру было предложено место преподавателя Мишны и Гемары, однако он отказался, сославшись на проблемы со здоровьем. Неизвестно, с чем был связан этот отказ (питерский историк А. Львов полагает, что первоначально Салантеру было предложено куда более почётное и высокооплачиваемое место инспектора). Как бы то ни было, в отличие от Берлинской семинарии раввина Гильдесгеймера, виленское училище довольно быстро стало центром вольномыслия, и из его выпускников почти никто не стал раввином. Работа в таком заведении пагубно отразилась бы на репутации Салантера. В том же 1848 году в Вильно вспыхнула эпидемия холеры — болезни, которую в то время практически не умели лечить. Собрав значительные благотворительные средства, Исраэль арендовал больницу, рассчитанную на полторы тысячи коек. В ней, посменно, круглые сутки работали его ученики. Салантер сам постоянно навещал больных, обеспечивая их лекарствами и продуктами. В субботние дни он следил, чтобы больные не ограничивали себя галахическими запретами, — ведь, когда жизни человека угрожает опасность, отменяются все запреты субботы. Чтобы убедить «ревнителей веры» из числа больных, Салантер и его ученики сами публично совершали запрещённые в субботу действия по уходу за больными — например, рубили дрова и разводили огонь, чтобы прогреть больничные помещения и вскипятить воду. Накануне поста в Йом-Киппур Салантер объявил по всем синагогам, что в этом году не следует поститься, не следует долго молиться, а необходимо находиться на открытом воздухе. Однако, боясь, что его не послушаются, после утренней молитвы он взошёл на амвон с куском печенья в руке, произнес благословение и съел его на глазах у всех, дабы все последовали его примеру. В 1858 году Салантер отправился в Германию, приняв предложение прочитать студентам Кёнигсбергского университета курс лекций по иудаизму. Его эрудиция и энергия нашли признание также среди немецких ортодоксов, и в 1860 году, переехав в прусский город Мемель (ныне Клайпеда, Литва), Салантер стал издавать еженедельный журнал «Ха-Твуна», пропагандировавший идеологию мусар. Он принял немецкое подданство, стал носить европейскую одежду и читал проповеди по-немецки. Живя попеременно в Тильзите, Франкфурте-на-Майне, Хальберштадте и Берлине, Салантер активно переписывался со своими учениками в Литве. В 1880—1882 годах Салантер жил в Париже, где занимался распространением еврейских знаний и способствовал укреплению еврейских учреждений. В 1882 году он вернулся в Кёнигсберг, где и скончался спустя год. Наследие Личность и учение Салантера оказали огромное влияние на развитие ортодоксального еврейства, хотя в литовской общине его высказывания и поступки нередко вызывали активное неприятие. Его важнейшие работы: «Игерет ха-мусар» («Послание о морали», 1858), «Имрей бина» («Разумные речения», 1878), «Эвен Исраэль» («Твердыня Израилева», 1883). В своей работе Салантер постоянно искал новые формы для распространения и пропаганды ортодоксального иудаизма. Многие его идеи намного опередили своё время, и были осуществлены через много десятилетий после его смерти: составление арамейско-ивритского словаря для изучения Талмуда; перевод всего корпуса Талмуда на иврит (лишь столетие спустя к реализации этого проекта приступил раввин Штейнзальц) и на европейские языки (этот процесс, который также начался через два-три поколения после смерти Салантера; полный перевод Талмуда на английский и французский языки); распространение еврейской религиозной литературы на русском языке и многое другое. После смерти Салантера вокруг вопроса, должен ли «мусар» стать частью учебной программы иешив, развернулась бурная полемика, поскольку ряд раввинов полагали подобное изучение пустой тратой времени, необходимого для изучения Торы (битуль Тора). Эти раввины считали более полезным сосредоточиться исключительно на изучении Талмуда, и предупреждали, что излишней этический самоанализ не полезен для психического здоровья. Тем не менее, регулярные занятия по мусару проводятся во многих уважаемых иешивах. Предания о Салантере Салантер не ограничивался проповедями и поучениями. Сохранилось множество рассказов о том, как он лично воплощал в жизнь собственные принципы. Так, согласно одному из преданий, накануне Йом Кипура Салантер не пришёл в синагогу. Община встревожилась, не заболел ли внезапно раввин, не случилось ли несчастье. Молитву без него не начинали. Пока евреи ждали, одна молодая женщина из общины стала волноваться: она оставила грудного ребёнка спящим в колыбели, так как думала, что будет отсутствовать недолго, а теперь побежала посмотреть, все ли с ним в порядке. Когда она вошла в дом, то увидела, что ребёнка баюкает сам Исраэль. По дороге в синагогу он услышал плач ребёнка и, раз мать, очевидно, ушла на службу, вошел в дом, чтобы успокоить малыша. Согласно другому преданию, идя по городу, Исраэль Салантер встретил бедную вдову, которая горько плакала, узнав, что её второго сына забирают в рекруты (кантонисты), так как богатый член общины подкупил чиновников, чтобы не взяли его детей. Руководство общины согласилось с этим богачом и решило отдать вместо его отпрыска второго сына вдовы. В тот день раби Исраэль Салантер пошёл в местную синагогу и, когда один человек поднялся, чтобы начать службу, воскликнул: «Нельзя начинать службу вам, потому что вы еретик, вы не верите в Тору и в Бога». Другой человек встал, но Исраэль Салантер прокричал то же и ему, и третьему. Наконец, молящиеся попросили его объяснить, в чём дело. «То, что вы молитесь, не доказывает, что вы верующие. Вы молитесь только потому, что молились ваши отцы. Если вы действительно верите, что Тора — это голос Бога, то как вы можете нарушать её заветы, ведь она запрещает вам обижать вдов и идти на уступки богатым и знатным. Раз вы так поступаете, значит, вы не верите в Бога и его Тору». Однажды Салантер обнаружил, что у серьёзно больного ученика нет денег на лечение. Войдя в синагогу, где молился этот молодой человек, Салантер спросил собравшихся: «Почему вы не обеспечите ему лучшее лечение?». «У нашей общины совсем нет денег» — отвечали они. Услышав это, Салантер закричал: «Вам следовало бы продать нарядный покров с ковчега, в котором хранятся свитки Торы, и использовать деньги для помощи этому человеку!». Примечания Ссылки Еврейские философы Раввины Литвы.

github_open_source_100_8_19897

Github OpenSource

Various open source

"""Script for training the NormalizedEightPointNet. Example: $ python train.py to see help: $ python train.py -h """ import argparse import time import torch import torch.optim as optim from dfe.datasets import ColmapDataset from dfe.models import NormalizedEightPointNet import dfe.models.loss as L def train(options): """Train NormalizedEightPointNet. Args: options: training options """ # device device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu") print("device: %s" % device) # data print("-- Data loading --") data_sets = [] for dset_path in options.dataset: print('Loading dataset "%s"' % dset_path) data_sets.append(ColmapDataset(dset_path, num_points=1000)) print("Number of pairs: %d" % len(data_sets[-1])) dset = torch.utils.data.ConcatDataset(data_sets) print("Total number of training samples: %d" % len(dset)) data_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader( dset, batch_size=options.batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=options.num_workers, pin_memory=True, drop_last=True, ) # model model = NormalizedEightPointNet( depth=options.depth, side_info_size=options.side_info_size ) model = model.to(device) # loss criterion = L.robust_symmetric_epipolar_distance # optimizer optimizer = optim.Adamax(model.parameters(), lr=options.learning_rate) scheduler = optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=10, gamma=0.8) # train print("-- Training --") model.train() for epoch in range(options.num_epochs): # init num_batches = 0 avg_loss = 0 avg_task_loss = 0 avg_task_loss2 = 0 time_start = time.time() # loop batches for batch_idx, (pts, side_info, F_gt, pts1_virt, pts2_virt) in enumerate( data_loader ): # input pts = pts.to(device) F_gt = F_gt.to(device) side_info = side_info.to(torch.float).to(device) pts1_virt = pts1_virt.to(torch.float).to(device) pts2_virt = pts2_virt.to(torch.float).to(device) # step model.zero_grad() F, rescaling_1, rescaling_2, _ = model(pts, side_info) pts1_eval = torch.bmm(rescaling_1, pts1_virt.permute(0, 2, 1)).permute( 0, 2, 1 ) pts2_eval = torch.bmm(rescaling_2, pts2_virt.permute(0, 2, 1)).permute( 0, 2, 1 ) loss = 0 for depth in range(0, options.depth): loss += criterion(pts1_eval, pts2_eval, F[depth]).mean() loss.backward() optimizer.step() num_batches += 1 # check loss F_end = F[options.depth - 1] avg_loss += criterion(pts1_eval, pts2_eval, F_end).mean().item() avg_task_loss += ( L.symmetric_epipolar_distance(pts1_eval, pts2_eval, F_end).mean().item() ) # fundamental matrix in image space F_est = rescaling_1.permute(0, 2, 1).bmm(F_end.bmm(rescaling_2)) F_est = F_est / F_est[:, -1, -1].unsqueeze(-1).unsqueeze(-1) avg_task_loss2 += ( L.symmetric_epipolar_distance(pts1_virt, pts2_virt, F_est).mean().item() ) if batch_idx % 1 == 0: print( "epoch = %d, iter = %d, lr = %f, time = %f, loss = %f, task_loss = %f" % ( epoch, batch_idx, optimizer.param_groups[0]["lr"], time.time() - time_start, avg_loss / (batch_idx + 1), avg_task_loss2 / (batch_idx + 1), ) ) if (epoch + 1) % options.checkpoint_interval == 0: print("Writing checkpoint") torch.save(model.state_dict(), "checkpoints/model_epoch%04d.pt" % epoch) scheduler.step() # save model print("saving model") torch.save(model.state_dict(), options.output) print("done") if __name__ == "__main__": PARSER = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Training") PARSER.add_argument("--depth", type=int, default=3, help="depth") PARSER.add_argument( "--side_info_size", type=int, default=3, help="size of side information" ) PARSER.add_argument( "--dataset", default=["Family"], nargs="+", help="list of datasets" ) PARSER.add_argument("--output", type=str, default="output.pt", help="output file") PARSER.add_argument("--num_epochs", type=int, default=200, help="number of epochs") PARSER.add_argument("--batch_size", type=int, default=16, help="batch size") PARSER.add_argument("--num_workers", type=int, default=8, help="number of workers") PARSER.add_argument( "--checkpoint_interval", type=int, default=1, help="checkpoint interval" ) PARSER.add_argument( "--learning_rate", type=float, default=1e-3, help="learning rate" ) ARGS = PARSER.parse_args() # pytorch options torch.backends.cudnn.enabled = True torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True train(ARGS)

sn82014086_1921-03-10_1_2_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Public Domain

Al f J IWJRTnCH EULLETT THURSDAY, JUNE 10, 1892 t v. ( Il WITNESS M it... " la X'F MM 1eaeettfsaess,' ib i i En& Stubborn Coughs in a hurry : - ui Wi ftafleil WH&ateatla ee, I Chare (tree. Telepheae 13. vTaa Is Getut Oa foalsht, ObweVtoek tot.. 14, I. O. O. F swots' at M Main Street Trmity Chapter, Jio. I, R. A. M., stated convocation at Masoiile Hall A Mtflit af Mm Vm4 filMkU Chap ter, t. A. R., ww held Tuesday afternoon at tM Bod a Shop, Miss Isabel W. Chap pel, Vied regent, presiding. The following eesttittee u appointed to select eandi- W rM TTrnmaN Smith Kingsley and Mrs. Nina Bearaow Haurotfn. Members had been requested to bring Something old-fashioned, and stalky beautiful hand-woven linens, jewelry, samples and plates were shown, each soars ber giving a brief history at the arts Cla brought. At a former meeting the followers delegates to the national con- tress' were selected: Mrs. Alice Taylor Smith, delegate; Mrs. Mabel Chappell, alternates Miss Rose Hull, delegate to the state convention; alternates, Mrs. Ida Brewa. Mrs. Congdon, Mrs. Crawford, Mrs. Howie, Mrs. Charles Risedorf, Mrs. Lincoln, Mrs. Tracy, Mrs. Wood and Mrs. Hall. Walter Lanwortb of New London has been appointed local manager of the Standard Oil company. He will make a statement of the Standard Oil company's affairs. A branch of the Standard Oil company is now in New London. Free! A. Vinton at Easleyville, sheriff for Tolland county, accompanied by Harold Miller, a federal officer, went to Colchester Wednesday to place Louis J. Roemaski and Frank Postempski of that town were arrested. One week ago Wednesday, Sheriff Vinton raided the home of Roemaski and Postempski and found "stills." He warned the men at that time that they would be liable to arrest. No bail was found at the time of the raid. Mrs. Arthur Arnold and Mrs. Irla Ida, members of the Methodist sorority, gave a surprise at a meeting of the sorority Tuesday evening. Mrs. Daniel showed the president, after making a presentation speech, handed each a large feed serving tray. Supper was enjoyed and social time followed. Here, folks! Peck up your winter and break out that Palm Beach skirt Spring is here; Residents of South West say they heard peepfrog tuning up Wednesday morning, and old timers say it's a sign of spring. Gazette has taken another drop in this city and has reached the 28 cent mark. This is a reduction of about eight cents on the gallon since Jan. 1st. Some sufferers, however, who have watched the game, claim that the price of gas will be even lower and during January one can say that it would be down to 28 cents a gallon before summer. These prices were given as whole sales and retailers are satisfied from three to four cents more than the figure quoted. Member of the Waterbury Exchange of St. Joseph's hospital are planning to hold a dance in April, the proceeds of which will go to swell the free bed fund at the hospital. The dance will be held at the armory under the auspices of Company H, Connecticut State Guard. Nelson V. Beasley, grand senior Warden, attended the meeting of Windham encampment No. 10, I. O. O. F., held Wednesday night at Odd Fellows' hall. The patriarchal degree was conferred on a large class of candidates. After the meeting, members enjoyed a social time. Amos Fowler left Wednesday morning on a business trip to New Haven. The Withersfield Eastern Club Of the T. M. C. A. is to hold a meeting tonight (Thursday) at the association building. The boys are rapidly getting to be first-class shots and put in much time practicing a team rifle range at the T. Bays who were a Camp Has been last year are expecting to go to Norwich March 19th to attend the Camp Hazen reunion at the Norwich T. The trip both ways is to be made by automobile track. The trip is open to boys wishing to go to Camp Hazen this coming summer. The usual Friday afternoon picture show is to be held at the T building at 4:39 o'clock. Heads Will, a three-piece, and The National Review are the pictures to be shown. Through his attorney, Patrick J. Dunn, Shey has brought civil action against Joseph and Frances Cardereo of Mansfield avenue asking damages of $11,200, the charge being that the Cardereo enticed their daughter, the wife of the complainant away from him. Satellite claims that he and Rose Caldwell, daughter of the defendants, were married April 11, that they had lived happily together until Jan. 1, 1911. When the Caldwell enticed, induced and solicited their daughter, wife of the plaintiff, to leave the latter without just cause that Rose Salvage, the plaintiff's wife, did leave him, and that the defendants are harboring his wife through their influence; that the plaintiff has and at all times was willing to care for and live with his wife. Attorneys for the plaintiff, as for the case in return, the first Tuesday in April before the Windham county superior court. The scheduled appearance to the annual Easter Monday ball under the auspices of Company H C. S. Q is as follows: Francis Morality, chairman; P Gilbert Flynn, John W. Trice, Noel, William Maloney, Arthur Bergeron, and James Lee. Committee members are all members of San Jose council, No. 14, K. of C. which organization will endeavor to make it the success it has been in former years. The White Sox team in the Smith Winchester Bowling league took three straight games from the Tigers in their games this week and increased their lead to a safe margin. The loss of The three games sent the Tigers into the cellar. sltion. Fisher af the White Sos took at! honors, Vgettlng high single with 10t and 301 for high three. Tha standing to data 1V1IOWB. v ' Whits Sox ........ IS Indians-.:., ...... I . i Tanks . ..... . lo Tigers g ii Trouble at the Ughtlng plant of tile Rockville-Willlmatitlc LlglttffiS company caused; this city to be in darkfiest for about . 26 minutes Wednesday bight, shortly befora $ o'clock. The storm that struck th asate Wed nesday developed a high wind velocity during the aftcFhoon and evening and made traveling bad. The streets Were practically deserted during the evening :uul those who ventured out with umbrel- j .is experienced hard fights walking up i .:iin sLreet to keep the rain shields from tirnins uisioe out Several flashes lit winning and light rolls of thunder ac f uomiianied the storm Boon after dark, ! The meeting of the town aehmii tnlttee scheduled to be held at tlie select men's room in the town building was called off because of the storm. It will do ne:a next Wednesday evening. liie ttiira in a series of social uiil dances being held at the T. M. C. A. Was scheduled for Wednesday night, but was Foaiponea Because oi the rata. Th I. O. 6. T. bawMna ietaa teak ttmut straight games tram the Knights ef . Esasbr and cheaply prapared. YouH sever know now aulckly a a4 aandft Cap. b etmquered, antil you try this famous eld home-made rem edy. Aayona wbo has aoughed afl day and all aixht, wiU say that the. immediate relief ftivtn is almost like saajric. It is very easily prepared, a thers is nothing better fan cours. Into a Pin bottU, put 2 'i- ounces f fmex; theft add plain granulated sugar syrup to make a full pint. Or was eaa use clarified nmlasses, honey, or eora syrup, lattead of sugar syrup. Sitter wy, ih full pint sates about two-tairda of ta money . Usually spent for couftt preparations, and give yoa a mora positiva, eifectiva remedy. . It keeps perfectly, . and tastes pleaeaat ehildrenlike it.. You eaa feel this take hold instantly, aoothina and healing tha membranes a all the air passascs. It promptly loosens a dry, tieht cdtian, and 000. yon will BdfiM us phlegm thin out and disappear. A day's use will usually kreak tip afi ofdinary throat df ehes told, aad it is also splendid 46t bron ehitis, croup, hoarse heis, gBd broa ebisl asthma - Fisex is a most valuable Mnee trated com pound of ireiraine Norway pin extract, tha most reliable rem edy for throat and chest ailments. To avoid disappoiatmeat, ask ybnr drbeewt for "2 etinces of Piaez" with directions and don't dcoept any thing else, guaranteed tb jrive abao lute satisfaction or money refunded. Tha Piaex CoH ?i Wayne, Lid, , Pythias five Tuesday night at tha Y al leys. Edwards took all the honors of the evening, getting 132 for high single and 149 far high threat, Tha scores follow-. K. at R. Gates......... 84 IS It 253 C. King ii lit 132 830 Stemming.,...... 80 S2 107 Hi Higginson........ 1st 110 81 297 ft. Winter 104. 4. 1. 5. 5. 5. 472 461 141 I. O. O. F-4 C. Edwards.... 110 102 840 J. Borington 111 90 108 U. French 89 103 111 303 ft. Redman.. 104 108 11031 A. Battey....,.. 1 1. 5. 5. 5. 478 687 603 1388 At the meeting of the Winansville .624 .444 .444 .444 JAY M. SHEPARD Funeral Director & Embalmer 69th NORTH ST. WILLIMANTIC Lady Assistant Tel. Connection Killourey Bros., FUNERAL DIRECTORS AND EMBALMERS Union St. Willimantic, Conn, Phone 290 (Lady Assistant) Needed at Dance And the Set Shore Hotary club to be held this (Thursday) noon K. G. Weif of Dowagiac, Mich., is to speak on the subject Why People Buy. Mr. Weir IS a past president of the Rotary club of Dowagiac. He spoke to the Norwich Retarians at their meeting Wednesday at the Wauregan hotel. Esapley of the Jordan Hardware company are to meet at the company store tonight (Thursday) to hear a talk by E. O. Weir, Mr. Weir is sales manager of a A total of deaths occurred in the town of Wilkins during February, according to the returns of vital statistics of the city in the office of the town clerk. Of this number, 21 were males and 6 females, a rate of more than three to one. Twelve were of persons more than 50 years of age and five were infants. The list follows: Maria Kaiser, 83, septica arthritis. Z Clifton S. DeMafChi. 14 days, inflammation. Nanaieatt Lallberte. 65, cardiac failure. Joseph Moore, jr., 1 day, uterine condition. Joseph B. Rothihi, 10, asthenia. Gustav Hedman, 38, gangrene of left leg. Harry Urena, 10, general sepsis and acidosis. John Oaliva, 3, bronchitis and diabetes. Clarence E. Hall, Jr., 3 days, premature birth. Wilson E. Witmarth, 64, diabetes. Bradford Larkin, 84, senility. John C. Harris, 1, congenital disease of heart. Jennie E. Kelly, 32, general sepsis. Anna Regan, 44, chronic intestinal nephritis. Jan R. Emslie, 41, acute gastritis. Charles R. Ottanheimer, 55, acute gastritis. Charles R. Ottanheimer, 55, acute gastritis. Andrew T. Bowen, 75, lobar pneumonia. Patrick Sullivan, 72, chronic endocarditis. Una Vass, 53, diabetes. Philo C. Atwood, 5, cerebral apoplexy. Kueger Lea, 10 months, strangulation. George M. Harrington, 71, acute cardiac disease. Rosalie As. Stlin, 7, lobar pneumonia. 17 Everett F. Brown, 27, bullet wound of brain. 27 Joseph Lavallea, 23, acute chalanter of the small attendance Monday evening was postponed. Daniel Roger of Salem was a caller at the state road office Tuesday. S. A. Mitchell of Salem was a caller at the state road office Tuesday. Mr. Mitchell is supervisor of sections of the new state road. (Aids to Beauty) Here is a home treatment for relieving hairs, that is quick, painless and inexpensive; with some powdered delatone, a water make encash paste to this quickly cover the objectionable hairs, apply and after 2 or 8 minute rub off, wash is skin and it will be left clear and hairless. This treatment will not man the skin, but to avoid disappointment be careful to get real delatone. Mix fresh as wanted. MURRAY'S BOSTON STORE Wilmington, Conn. Special For Friday and Saturday 30c Kolynos Tooth Paste 3 for 50c aColynos Tooth Paste is delightful in flavor, refreshing to the mouth and throat, effectively antiseptic. The fact this lot is without cartons makes it possible to sell it at this very low price 3 for 50c, and only 3 to a customer. Heatherbloom Petticoats, $1.08 These Heatherbloom Petticoats come in a wide variety of colors and figured designs also plain colors, and fully worth $2.50 or $3.50. COLCHESTER HOW WOM MOID SURGICAL OPERATIONS Souis Aris Extremely Successful, Others May Have Been Every Woman Should Give Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound a Trial First Chase, Ill-Inbed with a female trouble and Inflammation and bad four doctors but none of them did any good. They all said I would have to have an operation. A druggist's wife told me to take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound and I took 22 bottles, never missing a dose and at the end of that time I was perfectly well. I have never had occasion to take it again as I have been so well. I have a six room flat and do all my work. My two sisters are taking the Compound upon. My recommendation and you may publish my letter. It is the gospel truth and I will write to anyone who wants personal although the symptoms may appear the same. When disturbing ailments first appear, take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to relieve the present distress and prevent more serious troubles. In fact, many letters have been received from women who have been restored to health by Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound after operations have even been attended by physicians. Lydia E. Pinkham's Private Text-Book upon "Allments Peculiar to Women" will be sent to you free upon request. Write to (Cheerfully) Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., Lynn, Massachusetts. This book contains valuable information. LAVES From Grandpa down to "Buffalo," these delicious meats are thoroughly enjoyed by the whole family and, like Oliver Twist, they cost more. Mother appreciates these meats most of all; because they are convenient to handle; they are easily and quickly prepared; there is no waste; and she can keep a quantity on hand for emergencies. She knows too, that Uncle Sam's guarantee of purity is behind every can and that she pays less than pre-war prices for this nourishing canned corned beef and corned beef hash. Insist on your dealer getting you a supply of this wholesome food. There's a legitimate profit in the sale for him (wholesale prices listed below) and a considerable saving for you. are frequently seen, feat csa a. t was, 27 per eaa I lb. uaa. 18c Her ul I Is. ttaa, l.M aar saa Table op. discounts. Plkeust te SM1 e all ti!Hoa af adralae fsssil sssast aa sa4 sftsi Mayttabar ii, l2i, are as laUawst ttsotei.eo....................t..... act 1,001 to 2,500 T ct. S.I0I ta 4,000. it ear east. 4,001 ana ovr.. ............................... .ao per coat The Qovornment wfll pty frtleBt en rtas4 let te trf aatal la tha Cuts IsasteS Star tbaa tiraaty atllc iram aoireiae saiiit,. CUMULATIVE PURCHASES COUNT JsitH 'bed anrtbilc rasth tlW.Sol, ii at ta Or Wh.n DartftaMa tw..K BIO 6St II 00.001. 28 act ta OTir!ll vsilj arbaa pUfcktM tsaeb (TfKW,! aaS aver, U art a aravaU. son .presided, a program for the ensuios: year was dratrn up by tha social com mute. A eemmitie was aiocted to tabs charge af the annual May dance. An en isyable concert was given by th ladies Jass band. Luneh was served. on, MINIMUM ORDER ACCEPTED, ZS0 ' Buy It by the Case Dealer? order thould be tent to Depot Qiiartermaiter at th following addrettet: Brsoklya, N. Y, ltb tt kad Ftnt Ave. Ssatea. Itssa, fitrnj Supply Esse. Chlctro. in, 18lt W. tfJ St. Atlanta. Ga, Trsatportatisa B!(. tan Aateols, Tea. taa Fraaciice, CalU. SURPIUS fROPERTT BRANCH OSes at tha Qnartrmtftr Otacral sConitivat Bids. Waihlattea D. C WAR DEPARTMENT CANNED MEATS NOANK TK3 H. C. MURRAY CO. Tuesday three eases were trleti befora Justice m. R. AblL The cases were M.iinsofl vs. Kaw, KUhgen vs. Cohen and Cbhsn vs. Kllnion. Tha eases were for aesaaii ana abusive laneuaee. The oar ues were laanti guilty and were -fined IS and costs. In the ease at Cohen vs. Kiingon Mr. Kllneon took an apneal. The ether defendants paid. Cnarles F. Brown was the attorney in all the cases. Mr. and Mrs. Frederick O. Browa Wpre fit WlllimaftUc Monday ; also several oth' era front the vitiate went to attend the mornhis; picture play Inside the Cup. There was a large attendance at the lecture in Grans Hall Tuesday evening. Mrs. Jessie Anderson, of New London, the subject being Child's Welfare. Mrs. Anderson gave a very interesting talk. William Ray and son of Weshes, were in town Tuesday. The Mother's Club meeting on account of the Quick Relief from Plainfield was held in Eastford for the remainder of this term. The room is comfortably fitted so that members can have a social hour. Dr. William Tili of Eastford was home for the weekend. A number of local friends of Mary B. Bishop attended her funeral Friday afternoon. Burial was beside her husband in the old Packer cemetery. Mrs. Kennedy, who has been ill with mumps, is gaining slowly. Her two sons, George and Fred, and daughter, Ruby, had the mumps, but is up and around, helping ears for the others. A large number from this place were in Norwich Saturday at the automobile show. Herbert Tarbox is tailing treatment in Norwich twice a week and is rapidly improving. The back roads are in bad shape. John Kingsley, while taking school children home on Bradford Hill, got stuck in the mud near the corner below Herbert Tarbox's and had to get another machine to pull his out. At the Community House, Feb. H. Mrs. Agnes Cooper of Packer organized a Sunday school class. The following officers were elected: President, Dorothy Tillinghast; vice president, Helton Newod; secretary, Harriet Chapman; treasurer, Florence Wibberly. The first regular monthly meeting was held Monday evening at the home of Mrs. Sydney Mathewson. Seventeen members were present, the following Committees were elected: Membership, Mrs. Henry Randall, Miss Ella Gardner and Miss Florence Onderdonk; social, Mrs. John Bradford, Mrs. John Kingsley, Mrs. Sydney Mathewson. The Sunday school class will take charge of the directions of the church for Easter Sunday. The next meeting will be held April 4th at the home of Miss Florence Butterworth. Refreshments were served by the hostess, assisted by Mrs. John Kingsley and Mrs. Carol Mathewson. Henry Fontaine was a business caller in Hartford Wednesday. Sydney Hopkins, who has been confined to his home for the past three weeks, is able to be out and about. Edward Lyon, who was taken ill about seven weeks ago, was given a very pleasant surprise Tuesday evening when the overseers of the Lawton mills called on his in Mooquit where he is confined to his home and presented him with a large basket of fruit. All are glad to hear that Mr. Lyon is very much improved. The M. M. Girls held their March meeting at the Community house Tuesday. At the meeting of the president, Mrs. Harold Lewis, Mrs. Harold Saunders, and the board of directors have announced the new boats. Orders for new boats continue to be issued to the local builders and no sooner is one out of the shops than work is started on another. Webster Eldridge has recently secured the contract for building a six-foot fish-shop. For a Montauk fisherman, work on this craft will be started soon as soon as Wallace Chapman's boat, which is now under construction, is launched. Phillip A. Campbell, who has been visiting at the home of Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Tryon in Elm Street has returned to his studies at the University of Pennsylvania. Superintendent of Fisheries and Game John St. Cramp in New Haven was a caller in town Monday. The members of the Silver Link society met Wednesday at the Methodist church for an all-day session. A thorough cleaning of the building was the day's activities. Mr. and Mrs. James Brown visited in Ashaway, R.I., Wednesday. Mr. and Mrs. Hart Park were recent business callers in New London. Miss Elizabeth Fish has returned home after a brief visit in New York. Mrs. James Brown was in New London Tuesday. Mrs. A.V. Morgan is visiting relatives in Hartford. Mrs. Carolyn Andrews is spending a few days in Guilford. Mrs. Leland Andrews is a recent business caller in Worcester, Mass. Representatives Charles H. Smith was in Hartford Tuesday. Mrs. Fannie Terry who has been employed at Galea Ferry for the past two weeks has returned to her home in the village. Thomas Montgomery of Springfield, Mass., is spending a few days with relatives in town. Albert J. Saunders of Granton, Pa., is visiting Rev. Charles Merrill. News of the death of Mrs. Worden Potter of Jamaica, L.I., was received Wednesday. WESTERNLY Get Dr. Edwards Olive Tablets for Dr. Edwards produced Olive Tablets, the substitute for calomine. Dr. Edwards, a practicing physician for 17 years and catarrh remedy, discovered. The formula for Olive inlets white treating patients for chronic constipation and torpid livers. Dr. Edwards' Olive Tablets do not contain calomine, but a healing, soothing, vegetable laxative. No griping is the "keynote" of these sui-coated olive-colored tablets. They never fail to unnatural action. If you have a "dark brown mouth" bad breath, dull, tired feeling, sick headache, torpid liver, constipation, you'll find quick, sure, and pleasant results from one or two of Dr. Edwards' tablets at bedtime. The stomach takes the every night just to keep right. Try them. Scandal. With no Estonic Brings Relief "I have been awful sick with fas, writes Mrs. W. H. Person. T4 and Eatonie is all I can get to (in relief." Acidity and as on the Stomach quickly taken up and carried out by Katonie, then appetite and strength come back. And many other bodily miseries disappear when the stomach is right. Don't let stomach, belching, bloating, indigestion and other stomach ills to on. Take Katonie tablets after you eat so how much better you feel. Big box costs only a trifle with your druggist's guarantee. Lea and Osgeed, 111 Main St. The meeting of the Westerly Board of Water commissioners was held Tuesday afternoon in the town hall. This board has charge of the installation of Westerly's new sewerage system, and questions regarding the completion of the work were considered. The contract to install the system was awarded to Contractors Brothers of Leominster, Mass., several years ago, and at present the work had not been even half completed. A dispute has now arisen over the cost of the work. Attorney John F. Cronin, of Boston, a well-known specialist in laws relative to contracts between municipalities and contractors, appeared for Contractors Brothers at the meeting. He asked certain allowances for extra compensation, owing to the unprecedented amount of underground water encountered on Marlborough Street. His proposal started a general discussion of affairs, but no definite action was taken, and the matter was deferred to a future meeting. Taleatine Taegev, II, died Wednesday morning at his home on Palmer Street. Mr. Yeager was born in Germany and came to live in Pawtucket in 1872. From that time until five weeks ago, he has been employed by the C. B. Cottrell Sons company. During the 70's he served as leader of the Westerly band. He is survived by four sons, William of New York city, Harry of Moorcetown, N.J., and Otto and Robert, son of Brooklyn, a daughter, Mrs. Harry Ribinson of Pawtucket and two grandchildren, daughters, and Viola Yeager. THOMPSON Elwelt F. Krumbach is superintendent. Thompson public schools. At the Tourtellstee Memorial High school, Elwell F. Kimball is principal and Roy R. Allen is submaster. The honor record made by the pupils in the senior and Junior high school of Thompson for February follows. First honors are given to pupils whose general average is inclusive, second honors are given to pupils whose general average is 80-1 inclusive. Senior High School Seniors: First honors, Ruth Lindevall; second honors, Mildred Bousquet Lennart Johnson, Walter Knight, Helen Mack, J. O'Brien, Sylvia Ryan, Roma Sheldon, Juniors: First honors, Esther Lindevall; second honors, Wilfred Duquette, Ernest Granta, W. Putnam Livingston, Ethel Johnson, Sophomores: First honors, Emma Chubbuck; second honors, Rose Nleviedsat, William Joslltt, Raymond Johnson, Stuart Swansea. Junior High school Junior, Frederick Bemklow, Mary Demeter, Stanley Dartt, Dorothy Kurcman, Raymond Cutter, Harry Eno, Harold Lyons, Anita Peloeum, James Ryan, Junior: First honors, Olive Baker; second honors, Richard Converse, Stanley Leveille, Viola Beaulae, Sarah Reynolds, Margaretta Hainsworth, Bernice Welch, Paul Langer, Eugene Budsynklewles, Junior: First honors, Lawson Robbins, Juliette Lamoureux, Adrienne Trudeau; second honors, Marion Bates, Elsie Buck, Peter Burnett, Helen Ingraham, Milton, Johnson, Rolf Johnson, Hannah Lindevall, Margaret Lehee, Helen Lynch, Teresa O'Brien, Anna Bkotchless, James Smith, Louis Smith. THIS WOMAN STRICKEN Mrs. H. A. Leamait Sturgin, Cat, Writes: "I suffered with bladder and kidney trouble for years. I doctored and tried everything. No help. Finally a friend sent me Foley Kidney Pills. They helped me much. I used seven bottles. Now I feel fine. Spent sleepless nights. Suffered so it seemed I hardly could live. Recommend Foley Kidney Pills to all who suffer from kidney trouble as I did." Lea Osgaeo me. Funeral servieea tar George F. Olm stead, who died Saturday, were held on Tuesday afternoon at the home of Will iam Wllcoa of Vose street The services were conducted by Rev. George D. Stan field, pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church, assisted by Rev. B. U. Hatfield, pastor of -the First Baptist church. Bo rial was in. River Bend cemetery. Following the committal services, taps were sounded by Stanley Livingstone, bugler of the Merrill post No. II, American Le gion, of which Mr, Olmstead was a mem ber. The bearers were Peter -Coml, Earl Dower, Ernest Young and Charles Main. Plans far tha Kaster Mday ball and the proposed war memorial to be erected as a token of appreciation of tne ex- service men af the world war. were die. cussed at the Mach meeting of Merrill post No. II, American Legion, Tuesday night Preliminary arrangements nave been completed for the dance, and the entertainment comtrittee has already started te decorate the halL It was the unanimous sentiment ef the meeting that should any memorial be erected, there should be inscribed there. on, the. names of all man and women from Westerly and Pawcatuck, who serv ed In tha military or naval operations during the past war. The ex-service men feel that their sentiments in this matter .should be respected by the com mittee appointed by the Westerly Board of Trade to consider the project A com' tnlttee ot five. George Kemp. Louis Ros si, James J. Moore, James Donahue, and Edward J. Butler, was appointed to con fer with the prope.' parties on the sub ject, and report at the next meeting. Following the business session, a short talk en aiding wounded and gassed com rades was delivered by Rev. E. J. Cleveland, chaplain of Merrill post The Smalley Trio, aula, harp and aula, is to give the final concert in the Westerly Teachers' club course. The players are Marion Jordan, Bute, Marion Waters, harp, and Ralph Smalley, cello. In addition, there will be an assisting act, Owen Mewitt, who, instead of Charles V. Clark, baritone, announced. Local Laces. Miss Margaret Conroy, who died at the Lawrence Memorial hospital in New London Wednesday morning, and an old resident of Westerly. She has many friends here, and her body will be brought to Westerly for burial. Miss Mary Carey of Lester avenue, whose marriage with Sylvester Cavitt will take place in June, was given surprise miscellaneous shower by her friends Tuesday at the home of Mrs. Andrew Smith, on Lester avenue. A congregation which filled the church heard Albert J. Saunders of Scranton, Pa., at the First Baptist church Tuesday evening, Mr. Saunders is popularly known as the "Bill": Sunday converts. The Westerly Doj Scouts held their March meeting Wednesday evening in Scout hall, High street. The Westerly W. C. T. U. held a successful meeting Tuesday afternoon at the home of Mrs. Philip Ople. Following the business session, refreshments were served. The members of the Westerly Rifle club commence shooting at the 71 foot range Wednesday night. John E. Nye of Westerly has been elected leader of The glee clubs at Rhode Island State college, Rhode Island State college, have been in existence for a number of years. Narragansett council, No. 11, K. of C., has contracted with the Rogers Producing agency for a production of "Oh, Oh, Cindy" during the latter part of May. The cast will be chosen from amateurs here. Michael McCarthy and Michael McCarthy, Jr., were in Taunton, Mass., Tuesday to attend the funeral of a relative. Over fifty Westerly schools were in New London Tuesday night to attend the Lenten services. Rev. J. R. Danforth, D.D., pastor of the First Congregational church in New London, spoke at the Lenten services Wednesday evening at Christ Episcopal church, musical music was sung by the choir. Cox and his family lived here for a year when he was a member of the Stonington High school faculty. Mr. and Mrs. Nathan James were quietly observed on the 30th anniversary of their marriage at their home on Summit Street Monday evening, March 7. A supper was served. The guests were their son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Freeman W. James. Dr. James H. Weeks has revived the Congressman R.P. Freeman a quantity of vegetable seed, and these he will be glad to distribute to any who will rat them to use. Workmen were engaged in putting trap rock into the holes in several of the bee ochreets Tuesday. The meeting of Myra F. Taggart lodge, No. 1, U. of H., this week will be followed by a dance and whist at L.O.O.C. hall. A St. Patrick's day whist and show is to be held under the direction of a masquerade, NO. 41, K. of C. STANFORD Property owners who have pieces to rent are coming. Into line with another advance in rents as a result of the annual town meeting's added four mills on the taxable property. A raise of approximately $1.00 per seat will mean an added burden on the tenants and they are sure to add a protest at this move. Monday evening, March 7, the Weoue- tcquock Community club held its last meeting as an unincorporated body. Jan. 1 the first effort toward organization was made and the progress made in the two months since that final informal meeting has been almost phenomenal. There is at present a registered membership of over 70 girls and it juniors, with 11 families yet to be heard from and 10 or more adults who are eligible for membership. Local friends of Mrs. Brrol K. Wilcox, who died at Peace Dale, Monday, were grieved to hear of her death. Prof. Wil LIBERTY HILL Miss S. Davoll, Winthrop D. Davies, Charles E. Goodrich and Everett E. Payson attended the automobile exhibition in Norwich Saturday evening. The Liberty Hill Christian Endeavor society will conduct the morning service at the church next Sunday. Mrs. H. Palmer is leader. Ekner E. Capelle, who has been very ill with shingles, is recovering slowly. Saul Wachtel lost his end last week. Mrs. George A. Trotter returned Saturday to her home in Newton, Mass. Rev. W. C. Norris of Willimantic held the close attention of the audience last day morning as he preached interestingly from the text "There is a natural law and there is a spiritual body." There is to be a C. E. social this (Thursday) evening in the church rooms. Mrs. Sarah S. Clarke and son Leslie return Edged home Monday after a day's visit with relatives in New Britain and Ansonia. The frost is coming out and the roads are in bad shape for traveling. A number of men and women of this place attended the town meeting Monday held at Lebanon Center. A tax of $10 on the dollar was laid to Affray the town expenses, and one mill for a sinking fund to be used for high school purposes. A special town meeting has been called for next Monday at the school. Kalll Hsddsd, who has been seriously ill with pneumonia, is better. Miss Bessie Turner of New Landed visited her mother from Friday to Saturday. PRESTON This (Thursday) evening, at the Presbyterian church, Albert J. Saunders of Scranton, Pa., a Billy Sunday convert, spoke. Mr. Saunders was opposed as religion and to the evangelist; but as he is going about the country relating his opinions, he was changed after attendance at the Sunday revival meetings and trying his experiences. YOU CAN LEARN MORE from a teapot test of AID sBataBBBBBB bbf ggajaa bbbbbssb bbbsbbbbsI ssHbsaal as TEA a -V Than we can tell you in a page advertisement TRY IT TODAY Ji 1.

github_open_source_100_8_19898

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import numpy as np import itertools import re import contextlib from io import StringIO from skimage.filters import threshold_multiotsu import pandas as pd from itertools import count, groupby import warnings from pathlib import Path from dask.distributed import Client def get_reduced_blocks(coverage, max_combine=2, max_join=5): block_length = list(coverage.block_length.copy()) i = 0 subblock = 0 while i < len(block_length): curr_size = block_length[i] if curr_size <= max_combine: del block_length[i] subblock += curr_size elif subblock != 0: # if block_length > 1: block_length.insert(i, subblock) subblock = 0 i += 1 else: i += 1 if subblock != 0: block_length.append(subblock) changes = True while changes: i = 0 changes = False while i < len(block_length): curr_size = block_length[i] if curr_size < max_join: changes = True if i == 0: # beginning of list block_length[i + 1] += curr_size del block_length[i] elif i == len(block_length) - 1: # end of the list block_length[i - 1] += curr_size del block_length[i] else: if block_length[i - 1] < block_length[i + 1]: block_length[i - 1] += curr_size else: block_length[i + 1] += curr_size del block_length[i] else: i += 1 return block_length def get_constant_blocks(coverage, block_size=10, initial_block=5): num_repeats = (coverage.prot_len - initial_block) // block_size remainder = (coverage.prot_len - initial_block) % block_size blocks = [initial_block] + [block_size] * num_repeats if remainder: blocks += [remainder] return blocks def get_original_blocks(coverage): block_length = list(coverage.block_length.copy()) return block_length def reduce_inter(args, gap_size=-1): """ gap_size : :obj:`int` Gaps of this size between adjacent peptides is not considered to overlap. A value of -1 means that peptides with exactly zero overlap are separated. With gap_size=0 peptides with exactly zero overlap are not separated, and larger values tolerate larger gap sizes. # https://github.com/brentp/interlap/blob/3c4a5923c97a5d9a11571e0c9ea5bb7ea4e784ee/interlap.py#L224 # MIT Liscence >>> reduce_inter([(2, 4), (4, 9)]) [(2, 4), (4, 9)] >>> reduce_inter([(2, 6), (4, 10)]) [(2, 10)] """ gap_size += 1 if len(args) < 2: return args args.sort() ret = [args[0]] for next_i, (s, e) in enumerate(args, start=1): if next_i == len(args): ret[-1] = ret[-1][0], max(ret[-1][1], e) break ns, ne = args[next_i] # next start, next end if e + gap_size > ns or ret[-1][1] + gap_size > ns: # if current end is further than next start (overlap), OR current inverterval end later then next start ret[-1] = ret[-1][0], max(e, ne, ret[-1][1]) # extend the end value of the current inverval by the new end else: ret.append((ns, ne)) return ret @contextlib.contextmanager def temporary_seed(seed): #https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49555991/can-i-create-a-local-numpy-random-seed state = np.random.get_state() np.random.seed(seed) try: yield finally: np.random.set_state(state) def grouper(n, iterable, padvalue=None): "grouper(3, 'abcdefg', 'x') --> ('a','b','c'), ('d','e','f'), ('g','x','x')" return itertools.zip_longest(*[iter(iterable)]*n, fillvalue=padvalue) def _get_f_width(data, sign): i = 1 if sign else 0 w_pos = np.log10(np.nanmax(data)) + i w_neg = np.log10(np.nanmax(-data)) + 1 w = np.nanmax([w_pos, w_neg]) + 1 try: width = int(np.floor(w)) except OverflowError: # all zeros width = 0 return width #move to fileIO? def fmt_export(arr, delimiter='\t', header=True, sig_fig=8, width='auto', justify='left', sign=False, pad=''): warnings.warn("fmt_export is to pyhdx.fileIO", PendingDeprecationWarning) with np.testing.suppress_warnings() as sup: sup.filter(RuntimeWarning) flag1 = '' if justify != 'left' else '-' flag2 = '+' if sign else '' flag3 = '0' if pad == '0' else '' fmt = [] hdr = [] for j, name in enumerate(arr.dtype.names): dtype = arr[name].dtype if dtype.kind in ['b']: specifier = 'i' precision = '' w = 4 if np.all(arr[name]) else 5 elif dtype.kind in ['i', 'u']: specifier = 'i' precision = '' w = _get_f_width(arr[name], sign) elif dtype.kind in ['f', 'c']: specifier = 'g' precision = '.' + str(sig_fig) # float notation width # todo check for nan widths w_f = _get_f_width(arr[name], sign) + sig_fig # scientific notation width i = 1 if sign or np.any(arr[name] < 0) else 0 w_s = sig_fig + 4 + i + 1 # +1 for decimal point which is not always needed w = min(w_f, w_s) + 1 elif dtype.kind in ['U', 'S', 'O']: specifier = 's' precision = '' w = np.max([len(str(item)) for item in arr[name]]) else: raise TypeError(f'Invalid dtype kind {dtype.kind} for field {name}') if width == 'auto': col_w = w elif isinstance(width, int): col_w = width else: raise ValueError('Invalid width') if header: i = 2 if j == 0 else 0 # Additional space for header comment # if width == 'auto': _width = max(col_w, len(name) + i) elif isinstance(width, int): _width = col_w func = str.ljust if justify == 'left' else str.rjust fill = flag3 if flag3 else ' ' h = func(name, _width - i, fill) hdr.append(h) else: _width = col_w s = f'%{flag1}{flag2}{flag3}{_width}{precision}{specifier}' fmt.append(s) fmt = delimiter.join(fmt) hdr = delimiter.join(hdr) return fmt, hdr #move to fileIO? def np_from_txt(file_path, delimiter='\t'): warnings.warn("np_from_txt is moved to pyhdx.fileIO as txt_to_np", PendingDeprecationWarning) if isinstance(file_path, StringIO): file_obj = file_path else: file_obj = open(file_path, 'r') names = None header_lines = 0 while True: header = file_obj.readline().strip() if header.startswith('#'): names = header[2:].split(delimiter) header_lines += 1 else: break file_obj.seek(0) return np.genfromtxt(file_obj, dtype=None, names=names, skip_header=header_lines, delimiter=delimiter, encoding=None, autostrip=True, comments=None) def try_wrap(start, end, wrap, margin=4): """Check for a given coverage if the value of wrap is high enough to not have peptides overlapping within margin start, end interval is inclusive, exclusive """ assert len(start) == len(end), "Unequal length of 'start' and 'end' vectors" offset = np.min(start) start = np.array(start) - offset end = np.array(end) - offset x = np.zeros((wrap, len(start) + margin)) wrap_gen = itertools.cycle(range(wrap)) for i, s, e in zip(wrap_gen, start, end): section = x[i, s: e + margin] if np.any(section): return False section[:] = 1 return True def autowrap(start, end, margin=4, step=5): """ Automatically finds wrap value for coverage to not have overlapping peptides within margin Parameters ---------- start end margin Returns ------- """ assert len(start) == len(end), "Unequal length of 'start' and 'end' vectors" wrap = step while True: wraps = try_wrap(start, end, wrap, margin=margin) wrap += step if wraps or wrap > len(start): break return wrap #https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15182381/how-to-return-a-view-of-several-columns-in-numpy-structured-array/ def fields_view(arr, fields): dtype2 = np.dtype({name: arr.dtype.fields[name] for name in fields}) return np.ndarray(arr.shape, dtype2, arr, 0, arr.strides) #https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15182381/how-to-return-a-view-of-several-columns-in-numpy-structured-array/ def make_view(arr, fields, dtype): offsets = [arr.dtype.fields[f][1] for f in fields] offset = min(offsets) stride = max(offsets) return np.ndarray((len(arr), 2), buffer=arr, offset=offset, strides=(arr.strides[0], stride-offset), dtype=dtype) vhex = np.vectorize(hex) base_v = np.vectorize(np.base_repr) def rgb_to_hex(rgb_a): """Converts rgba input values are [0, 255] alpha is set to zero returns as '#000000' """ # Single value if isinstance(rgb_a, tuple): try: r, g, b, a = rgb_a except ValueError: r, g, b = rgb_a return f'#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}' elif isinstance(rgb_a, list): try: rgba_array = np.array([[b, g, r, 0] for r, g, b, a in rgb_a], dtype=np.uint8) except ValueError: # todo this only works with lists of list and gives to wrong result? tests needed rgba_array = np.array([[b, g, r, 0] for r, g, b in rgb_a], dtype=np.uint8) elif isinstance(rgb_a, np.ndarray): # todo: allow rgb arrays assert rgb_a.shape[1] == 4 if rgb_a.data.c_contiguous: #todo check for c-contigious rgba_array = rgb_a else: rgba_array = np.array(rgb_a) else: raise TypeError(f"Invalid type for 'rgb_a': {rgb_a}") ints = rgba_array.astype(np.uint8).view(dtype=np.uint32).byteswap() a = base_v(ints // 2**8, 16) padded = np.char.rjust(base_v(ints // 2**8, 16), 6, '0') result = np.char.add('#', padded).squeeze() return result # def rgb_to_hex(r, g, b): # return f'#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}' def hex_to_rgb(h): """returns rgb as int 0-255""" r, g, b = tuple(int(h.lstrip('#')[2*i:2*i+2], 16) for i in range(3)) return r, g, b def hex_to_rgba(h, alpha=255): r, g, b = tuple(int(h.lstrip('#')[2*i:2*i+2], 16) for i in range(3)) return r, g, b, alpha def group_with_index(arr): # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25438491/finding-consecutively-repeating-strings-in-python-list/25438531#25438531 i = 0 for k, vs in itertools.groupby(arr): c = sum(1 for _ in vs) yield k, c, i i += c #move to output? #pymol coloring functions need cleaning/refactoring # remvoe color_to_pymol # instead use apply_cmap then color_pymol / color_pymol_script def colors_to_pymol(r_number, color_arr, c_term=None, no_coverage='#8c8c8c'): """coverts colors (hexadecimal format) and corresponding residue numbers to pml script to color structures in pymol residue ranges in output are inclusive, incluive c_term: optional residue number of the c terminal of the last peptide doedsnt cover the c terminal """ #todo replace with pandas dataframe magic c_term = c_term or np.max(r_number) pd_series = pd.Series(color_arr, index=r_number) pd_series = pd_series.reindex(np.arange(1, c_term + 1)) pd_series = pd_series.replace('nan', no_coverage) # No coverage at nan entries pd_series = pd_series.replace(np.nan, no_coverage) # Numpy NaNs return series_to_pymol(pd_series) def apply_cmap(pd_series, cmap, norm=None): values = pd_series if norm is None else norm(pd_series) rgb_colors = cmap(values, bytes=True) hex_colors = rgb_to_hex(rgb_colors) return pd.Series(hex_colors, index=pd_series.index) def color_pymol(pd_series, cmd, model=None): grp = pd_series.groupby(pd_series) for c, pd_series in grp: result = [list(g) for _, g in groupby(pd_series.index, key=lambda n, c=count(): n - next(c))] r, g, b = hex_to_rgb(c) residues = [f'resi {g[0]}-{g[-1]}' for g in result] selection = ' + '.join(residues) if model: selection = f'model {model} and ({selection})' cmd.set_color(c, [r, g, b]) cmd.color(c, selection=selection) def series_to_pymol(pd_series): """ Coverts a pandas series to pymol script to color proteins structures in pymol Series must have hexadecimal color values and residue number as index Parameters ---------- pd_series : :class:`~pandas.Series` Returns ------- s_out : :obj:`str` """ # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33483670/how-to-group-a-series-by-values-in-pandas grp = pd_series.groupby(pd_series) s_out = '' for c, pd_series in grp: r, g, b = hex_to_rgb(c) s_out += f'set_color color_{c}, [{r},{g},{b}]\n' # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30993182/how-to-get-the-index-range-of-a-list-that-the-values-satisfy-some-criterion-in-p for c, pd_series in grp: result = [list(g) for _, g in groupby(pd_series.index, key=lambda n, c=count(): n - next(c))] residues = [f'resi {g[0]}-{g[-1]}' for g in result] s_out += f'color color_{c}, ' + ' + '.join(residues) + '\n' return s_out def make_monomer(input_file, output_file): """ reads input_file pdb file and removes all chains except chain A and all water""" with open(input_file, 'r') as f_in: with open(output_file, 'w') as f_out: for line in iter(f_in.readline, ''): if line.startswith("COMPND") and "CHAIN" in line: res = re.findall(':(.*);', line)[0] line = line.replace(res + ';', ' A;' + ' '*(len(res) - 2)) if line.startswith("ATOM") and not ' A ' in line: continue elif line.startswith("HETATM") and "HOH" in line: continue f_out.write(line) #move t # o output? def make_color_array(rates, colors, thds, no_coverage='#8c8c8c'): """ :param rates: array of rates :param colors: list of colors (slow to fast) :param thds: list of thresholds no_coverage: color value for no coverage :return: """ output = np.full_like(rates, fill_value=no_coverage, dtype='U7') full_thds = [-np.inf] + list(thds) + [np.inf] for lower, upper, color in zip(full_thds[:-1], full_thds[1:], colors): b = (rates > lower) & (rates <= upper) output[b] = color return output def multi_otsu(*rates, classes=3): """ global otsu thesholding of multiple rate arrays in log space Parameters ---------- rates : iterable iterable of numpy structured arrays with a 'rate' field classes : :obj:`int` Number of classes to divide the data into Returns ------- thds : :obj:`tuple` tuple with thresholds """ all_rates = np.concatenate([data['rate'] for data in rates]) thd_rates = np.log(all_rates[~np.isnan(all_rates)]) thds = threshold_multiotsu(thd_rates, classes=classes) return tuple(np.e**thd for thd in thds) def scale(x, out_range=(-1, 1)): """rescale input array x to range `out_range`""" domain = np.nanmin(x), np.nanmax(x) y = (x - (domain[1] + domain[0]) / 2) / (domain[1] - domain[0]) return y * (out_range[1] - out_range[0]) + (out_range[1] + out_range[0]) / 2 def gen_subclasses(cls): """Recursively find all subclasses of cls""" for sub_cls in cls.__subclasses__(): yield sub_cls yield from gen_subclasses(sub_cls) def pprint_df_to_file(df, file_path_or_obj): """ Pretty print (human-readable) a dataframe to a file Parameters ---------- df : :class:`~pandas.DataFrame` file_path_or_obj : :obj:`str`, Path or :class:`~io.StringIO` """ with pd.option_context('display.max_rows', None, 'display.max_columns', None, 'display.expand_frame_repr', False): # more options can be specified also if isinstance(file_path_or_obj, str): pth = Path(file_path_or_obj) pth.write_text(df.__str__()) elif isinstance(file_path_or_obj, Path): file_path_or_obj.write_text(df.__str__()) elif isinstance(file_path_or_obj, StringIO): file_path_or_obj.write(df.__str__())

github_open_source_100_8_19899

Github OpenSource

Various open source

/*- * << * UAVStack * == * Copyright (C) 2016 - 2017 UAVStack * == * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * >> */ /*- * << * UAVStack * == * Copyright (C) 2016 - 2018 UAVStack * == * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * >> */ package com.creditease.uav.monitorframework.dproxy.bytecode; import java.net.URLClassLoader; import com.creditease.agent.helpers.ReflectionHelper; import com.creditease.uav.monitorframework.agent.MOFAgent; /** * CtMethod description: deletegate class for Javassit CtMethod * */ public class DPMethod { private Object ctMethod; private URLClassLoader mofExtClassLoader; public DPMethod(Object ctMethod) { mofExtClassLoader = (URLClassLoader) MOFAgent.mofContext.get("org.uavstack.mof.ext.clsloader"); this.ctMethod = ctMethod; } public void insertBefore(String src) { ReflectionHelper.invoke("javassist.CtMethod", ctMethod, "insertBefore", new Class[] { String.class }, new Object[] { src }, mofExtClassLoader); } public void insertAfter(String src) { ReflectionHelper.invoke("javassist.CtMethod", ctMethod, "insertAfter", new Class[] { String.class }, new Object[] { src }, mofExtClassLoader); } public String getName() { String name = (String) ReflectionHelper.invoke("javassist.CtMethod", ctMethod, "getName", null, null, mofExtClassLoader); return name; } public Object getCtMethod() { return this.ctMethod; } public DPClass[] getParameterTypes() { return callMethodGetCtClsArray("getParameterTypes"); } public DPClass getReturnType() { Object ctClsObj = ReflectionHelper.invoke("javassist.CtMethod", ctMethod, "getReturnType", null, null, mofExtClassLoader); DPClass dpcls = new DPClass(ctClsObj); return dpcls; } public DPClass[] getExceptionTypes() { return callMethodGetCtClsArray("getExceptionTypes"); } /** * @return */ private DPClass[] callMethodGetCtClsArray(String methodName) { Object[] ctClsArray = (Object[]) ReflectionHelper.invoke("javassist.CtMethod", ctMethod, methodName, null, null, mofExtClassLoader); DPClass[] dpClsArray = new DPClass[ctClsArray.length]; int index = 0; for (Object ctClsObj : ctClsArray) { DPClass dpcls = new DPClass(ctClsObj); dpClsArray[index] = dpcls; index++; } return dpClsArray; } }

github_open_source_100_8_19900

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import { EventEmitter } from 'events' export const bus = new EventEmitter()

github_open_source_100_8_19901

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package body Discr56_Pkg1 is protected body Buffer is end Buffer; end Discr56_Pkg1;

github_open_source_100_8_19902

Github OpenSource

Various open source

var data = { labels : ["第 1 题","第 2 题","第 3 题","第 4 题","第 5 题","第 6 题","第 7 题","第 8 题","第 9 题","第 10 题"], datasets : [ { fillColor : "rgba(220,220,220,0.5)", strokeColor : "rgba(220,220,220,1)", data : [65,59,3,81,56,65,59,3,81,56] }, { fillColor : "rgba(151,187,205,0.5)", strokeColor : "rgba(151,187,205,1)", data : [28,48,40,19,50,28,48,40,19,50] }, { fillColor : "rgba(151,187,205,0.5)", strokeColor : "rgba(151,187,205,1)", data : [55,40,80,11,67,15,48,8,80,87] }, { fillColor : "rgba(151,187,205,0.5)", strokeColor : "rgba(151,187,205,1)", data : [88,68,40,29,70,68,38,50,99,10] } ] }; $(function() { var ctx = $("#Chart").get(0).getContext("2d"); var myNewChart = new Chart(ctx); myNewChart.Bar(data); });

github_open_source_100_8_19903

Github OpenSource

Various open source

/target /snapshots /store /project/metals.sbt /project/project /project/target *.iml *.log* *.db .idea/ .classpath .project .settings/ .store .bloop .metals .scalafmt.conf .vscode .vagrant project/project project/target

sn93053725_1902-08-12_1_2_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Public Domain

WATERBURY EVENING DEMOCRAT, TUESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1902. TEACHER Is experience, and none learn well who have not been under his tutelage. Our experience has taught us that square, courteous treatment is worth more to us than any other. We keep nothing but reliable, well made FURNITURE, of which we can tell you the honest truth and name attractive prices. CONFIDENCE is a plant of slow growth. J. H. Burrali & Co., CASH STREET. UNDERTAKING Night calls answered by C. E. Seymour, 184 Maple street, phone; D. M. Stewart, 101 Franklin street, phone. INVESTIGATE No matter what make of piano you think of buying, you must be willing to investigate the Ivers & Pond. We make it easy for you to do so. The Ivers & Pond Co. Cor. Bank and Grand Street Telephone 729-2. We have a large stock of Organs and, we wish to dispose of them to make room for other stock. Organs from $5 up. ISLEIBERGPIHCO, A W. SKINNER M'gr 173 Bank St. Waterbury, Ct. FOR RENT. Two Choice Rooms, 2nd floor, Tierney Block. Inquire at Heroe's Real Estate Office, 167 Bank. J. H. MUL Undertaker. Funeral Director, and Embalmer. Residence, 439 East Main St. Store, St Patrick's block, 110 Broadway. Telephone at store and residence. Straw Hats and Men's Furnishings At greatly reduced prices at SHAM'S See the values we are offering in shirts at 50c and 98c. 16 EXQUISITE PLACE. WALL PAPER, MIXED PAINTS, VARNISHES, glass, PUTTY, BRUSHES, ETC, AT O. A. Valentine's Tel 117-4. 64 Grand st. PENMANSHIP Typewriter Teaches every pupil to write a new, rapid, business hand. In a course of 19 years, lessons and no failures. All types of pen work executed in the highest degree of art. 167 BANK STREET. SPRING LAKE ICE CO. THOS. E. HAYES, Proprietor 37-39 BROOK STREET. Telephone G03-2. The Only Real Spring Water Ice In the City. Special attention to family trade. Swordfish, Blue Fish, Sea Trout? Porles, Fresh Mackerel, Soft Shell Crabs, Lard and Round Clams and Lobsters. Fulton Fish Market CORKER VINE AND CHERRY STS. Telephone 213-4. 7. By Means of the Latest and Most Improved Machinery at my new yard, I am enabled to furnish the highest grade of monumental and building work at short notice and bottom prices. Thos F. Jackson S12-31S Bank st, -Est. 3859. Gigantic Sale Evening Dental ...I " ISSVIO BT" THE DEMOCRAT PUBLISHING COMPANY c Maloney, Editor MEMBER OF ASSOCIATED PRESS. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. One Year...$5.00, One Month...$1.50 Delivered by Carrier ADVERTISING RATES. From One Cent a Word to $1.00 an inch. Reading Notices 15c to 60c. TUESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1902 The man who runs the St. Louis world's fair-press bureau says that Connecticut will send to the world's fair one of the finest military organizations, Company A of Waterbury. Henry B. Carter, world's fair commissioner from Connecticut, is captain. The military feature of the exposition will include many thousands of drilled men. It was more than we expected, the editor of the Hartford Post called for "details, dates, and localities." The Democrat furnished a few which should make pretty interesting reading for the editor of that paper. Before we furnished them, the Post editor was spinning out insinuations by the column, but since there hasn't been a whimper, if the "details, dates, and localities" are pleasing to the editor of our Hartford contemporary, we should think he might inform us, and if not pleasing why not give the reason therefor. Very often a good cause is injured by just such insinuations as the Post was throwing out about the calling of a constitutional convention. It is a republican way of trying to kill off a movement not pleasing to the g. o. p. A cabinet of rare and beautiful mineral specimens, displaying great originality in its make-up, has just been finished by Dr. G. Bailey of Yuma, Ariz., for exhibition at the world's fair in 1904. Dr. Bailey was engaged for six months in preparing the Cabinet. The collection, which embraces nearly 500 specimens of representative of every character of mineral rock known in Yuma county. The cabinet is about four by five feet, divided into nine parts, having 156 subdivisions for the same number of specimens. The top surface of the outside frame is covered with mineral specimens, there being more than 300 separate pieces of rock on the four sides, securely cemented to the wood and so artistically arranged that the various shades of color blend harmoniously. The sides of the frame are covered with cream colored spar, pounded up like coarse sands. Around the inner of the frame in letters of pulverized copper is the following: "Minerals from Yuma County, Ariz." If this government protests against the loan, being negotiated for Cuba, it is more than doubtful if the proposed bonds can be floated. And still, again, if the bonds cannot be floated, the Cuban treasury will be left in a deplorable condition, the children must go without schooling, and the planters, who, it is stated, will receive material assistance provided, the loan, is negotiated, will become bankrupt, and untold disorder may result, says a correspondent. A portion of the loan is to be devoted to payment of the soldiers who served Cuba in her struggle with Spain. That they should be paid is a natural conclusion on the part of the Cuban authorities. The United States has been held up to them as a model of all that is good and great today, thirty-seven years after the Civil War, the United States is in a state of turmoil. Pensions to a million ex-soldiers of that war while a few pensioners from the war of the Revolution and Mexico are still on the rolls. Naturally, Cuba believes it to be her duty, even to the extent of, mortgaging her future, to pension those who served her in her struggle for liberty. It is, at this writing, impossible to predict what action will be taken by the administration. The State Department has attempted to shift all responsibility to the Treasury Department, but in the absence of Secretary Shaw, it is impossible to tell whether he will be willing to assume that responsibility. An interesting feature of the political gossip which concerns Mr. Roosevelt's political future comes from persons in a position to know and relates that Senator Hanna is to be succeeded as chairman of the Republican National Committee by Governor Crane, of Massachusetts, who, as will be remembered, was invited to take the Treasury portfolio before that position was tendered to Secretary Shaw. No sooner had the news of Governor Crane's probable incumbency leaked out than Senator Hanna made public a statement to the effect that he had no intention of resigning unless it was made clear that his resignation was desired by the President and his advisers. From this it will be seen that someone has been clever enough to inspire doubts; in Mr. Roosevelt's mind as to the loyalty of the Ohio Senator, doubts which may be well-founded but which make the present action of the President all the more inadvisable. There is little doubt that the gentlemen to inspire such doubts are the two sagacious politicians above referred to, Messrs. Piatt and Quay, and only the guileless will place great faith in their loyalty to the President. On the other hand, if Senator Hanna ever had any loyalty to Mr. Roosevelt, he will feel entirely relieved of any obligation by the intimation that the President desires to name his successor on the national committee. His announcement places him in somewhat the light of a martyr. He is already regarded by the great capitalists of the country as a far safer man than the President, and the predictions are frequent that Mr. Roosevelt will be carried to a point by his belief in anti-trust legislation and possibly in tariff revision, which will entail the antagonism of all the wealthiest supporters of his party. Under such circumstances, every Republican politician will feel himself called upon to sacrifice his personal predilections for the President in favor of some candidate who seems certain to win. It has never been the weakness of the Republican party to stand by a sinking ship. The extent to which Mr. Hanna is the logical candidate of his party, the perfect harmony which exists between his views and the tenets of the party, and his ability to avail himself of political power to further his own ends, as he has demonstrated in His complete mastery of the southern Republican machines since he has been chairman of the Republican National Committee, all point to the likelihood of his candidacy and nothing but the unalterable opposition of the "easy boss" and "the old man" will stand in his way at least that is the position of many of the shrewdest politicians. HEARD; 3 PASSAGES. We hope that when Miss Stone gets back to Bulgaria, she will take along with her a score of detectives, a cordon of policemen, and a regiment of militia. The wear and tear on the nation's nerves that was occasioned by her capture mustn't be endured again. Hartford Post. The trolley strike in New Haven stands out as the best conducted affair of the kind in this country. When the different interests and means at work are understood, the result is astonishing. Among the interested parties were the politicians, right-minded citizens, Connecticut Railway and Lighting Co and incidentally the motormen and conductors. New Britain Herald. The cable dispatches speak of the gift of Osborne house by the king to the English nation's "magnificent," but it was hardly that since there is no concealment of the fact that the king feels that the cost of supporting this place is more than he can afford. He prefers his country house at Sandringham to the big place at the Isle of Wight, and, with Windsor, Buckingham, and Balmoral, he has homes enough even for a king. Hartford Times. Phenomena, of Pell Eruption. While the fiery tornado, passing toward the south and west, widened the sweep of its destructive power in order to extend its devastations further, another remarkable phenomenon came to stop it in its course. Two strong atmospheric currents, laden with rain, moving, one from the southeast, the other from the north, fell of a sudden upon the sides of the fiery spout, and, enjoining, it along a distinctly marked line, cooled it to such a point that I have seen persons who, finding themselves precisely upon this line of demarcation, were struck on one side by fiery missiles, while on the other, and only a few feet away, nothing was falling but the rain of mud, cinders, and stones which descended on the countryside everywhere. Century. "Villain," said the blonde and petite heroine resolutely, for she had at last pierced his disguise and "knew that she must pass him up effectually or live unhappily ever after, "you are a wolf in sheep's clothing." "Bah!" said the villain. But this attempt to prove himself a sheep did not land, for the heroine, being a stage heroine, was not born yesterday or even 83 years from yesterday, and she knew a villain when she saw one. Consequently, the hero came for her in the fifth act, the audience hissed the villain off the stage, and the curtain fell on the Union of two hearts that beat as one Portland Oregonian. Miea Tell for Attorneys, The only successful substitute for the ugly goggles worn by automobilists are said to be a veil of mica invented by a Parisian milliner. It is intended for the use of ladies who object to the disfiguring effect of goggles. A sheet of mica in the form of a visor, set close to the face, is attached to the cap. It is a great improvement over the ordinary devices for protecting the eyes. MEETINGS TO-NIGHT, Naturalists' club, 1 Carpenters union, Myrtle temple, R. S. Court Oregon, F. of A. Liberty circle, F. of A. Comstock lodge, K. of P. Evergreen court, O. of A. Court Rose Hill, F. of A. Rainbow council, O. O. F. Fraternity lodge, I. O. O. F. Fraternity league, musical club. Brass City lodge, G. U. O. F. Progressive council, O. U. A.-M., Martha Washington council, S. S. Pride of the Valley lodge, I. O. O. F., M. U. Companion Court Cecilia M. Quigley, No 26, I. O. F. Lasalette circle, Companion of the Forest. THE FARMER'S LIFE The Farmer's life is the life form Hoo-ray! No other kind is half so free Hoo-ray! No walls of brick my ways confine. The sky, the fields, the woods are mine And bright the sun for me doth shine Hoo-ray! Dame Nature's beauty I behold Hoo-ray! To me her wonders are unrolled Hoo-ray! For me her blooms bloom in spring. For me her wild birds sweetly sing, With fruit she crowns me like a king. . Hoo-ray 1 I breathe an air that's pure and sweet - . : Hoo-ray! Just plain and wholesome food I eat Hoo-ray I My health is therefore of the best. So I all day can work with zest' And have at night a peaceful rest- Hoo-ray I I am no slave of fashion vain -vy Hoo-ray! My manhood true 1 can maintain -Hoo-rayt ! Upon my own domain I stand, As proud As any in the land, And with no master to commands Hoo-ray ! Around my home I live my life Hoo-ray! Close to my children and my wife . Hoo-ray! Far from the marts where men conys, And crush each other under feet, I find my simple pleasures-sweet ; iioo-rayi My children grow with rugged health . Hoo-ray 1 ' It's more to them than mines of wealth , 1 Hoo-ray! Safe from temptations that destroy. Spared from the luxuries that cloy. Their lives begin and end In Joy i . . '"Hoo-ray! . '. I'm happy all the brlffht daylong . Hoo-ray I My heart la filled with love and song Hoo-ray! rm innocent of worldly enarest, I'm free from worldly strife and cares And everyone my gladness shares ."--..''.'.,--'," T 'Hoo-ray! I wouldn't change my rreeman'-a health- .. 'v . Hoo-ray ! . 1 , For all of J. P. Morgan's wealth ; " . . : Hoo-ray I . . i But If he could exchange with m He'd toss his millions in the sea And shout with joy: "I'm free! I'm free J"- . 'Hoo-ray! H. C. Dodge, In Chicago Daily Suv TELEPHONE INCIDENT. ESaVeadropper on 'a . Party Line I Tanffht a Lesson Which She Will Never Forget. Telephone party lines have their amusements as well as their discomforts. When the telephone rings for a neighbor across the way, it is the greatest temptation in the world for some women quietly to take down the receiver and bear what is going on. One woman who has been quite annoying to the other people on her party line got a lesson the other day, she will doubtless remember. The telephone, says the Kansas City Journal, rang and, as usual, she went to it and quietly took the receiver down so that the two who were trying to talk could hear each other only indistinctly. "Hello, hello, Mrs. Brown. Oh, dear, somebody's got down their receiver. Can you hear me? Oh, I wish they'd stop that!" The woman who was listening heard her distinct "To, I can just barely hear you," came the answer indistinctly. "It's so provoking isn't it. Now, I want you to come." The rest of the sentence was lost. "Hello, Mrs. Brown, hello! Can you hear me now?" "Yes, a little that woman across the street has got her receiver down that's Mrs. M. you know. I guess she rushes to the telephone to hear what I've got to say every time my phone rings." "Indeed, and I don't do any such a thing," came the third voice, and the two women who were trying to talk heard the receiver go up with a soft click. "I guess she got excited." and for got herself," said Mrs. Brown. "Yes, I rather think she did," came the answer. The party line of that neighborhood works better since the incident. Our latest notion in our work, we get further and further away from the earliest type of civilization but in our play, we come at times very near to prehistoric life. Our picnics are an attempt to satisfy our latent nomadic instinct, our games and races are a symbol of the fierce struggle for existence which was a very real literal conflict in those far-off days, but has been modernized under the name of trade competition. And our love of shooting and fishing and minting has no doubt been inherited from those who long ago hunted, not for pleasure, but for dinner. People's Friend. Lacked Hospitality - There. Col. Bluegrass didn't you tell me, sir, that Mister Brown always treated his callers like gentlemen? Maj. North didn't he treat you like a gentleman? "He did not, sir. He only asked me to drink once, sir!" N.Y. Herald. Might Be True, New Boarder The man who killed this chicken had a soft heart. Lady: Why so, Mr. Pepperlike? "He must have spent three or four years hesitating before he wrung it." N.Y. News. Directory of Reliable Specialists in Waterbury. Architects, 13. Benedict, 43 East Main St. Leonard Asheim, Room 25, Lewis building. Bank St. Frenney & Jackson, 43 East Main St. ELECTRICIANS GEORGE M. CHAPMAN & CO . 43 East Main st DOCTORS H. J. DEVÉ, M. D. 148 North Main St DR R. C. JONES, C. I. I. TEACHERS OF MIRACLE CLARA BROWN, Citizens' Bank building. DENTISTS J. W. Mahony; 43 East Main street ' FUNERAL DIRECTORS J. H. GRAY & CO. 235 North Main street. Funeral Undertakers. Telephone day or night SIGN ARTISTS ED OAKS, 11 Spring st Up-to-date sign work. LADIES TAILORS FRANK DE FO, formerly with Reid & Hughes, 70 Bank st Telephone. CUSTOM TAILOR JAMES H. CLINK, Prichard building, corner Bank and Grand sts. TONSORIAL ARTISTS GEORGE KLEEBER, 151 Bank St Over Jones, Morgan & Co. BIRDS: FRANK GRABER, 164 South Main st Gold Fish and Canary Birds Sept 15. CARRIAGE MAKERS MANN & DERRY, Brownst BICYCLES AND REPAIRING JOHN: YOUNGMANS, 251 1 South Main st BRIC-A-BRAC AND FURNITURE JOHN L. SAXE, 287 Bank st CASH BUYERS WILLIAM POSSNER, 303 Bank st Highest prices paid for Castoff Cloth . ing. Send postal; will call HALF PRICE TAILOR, JOHN MOSED, 24 Abbott ave. Repairing, cleaning and pressing ladies' and gents' garments. CALLENDAR BROS. CO. 25 Jefferson Street. HORSESHOERS W. M. DOYLE, 25 Jefferson Street. One of the plans of modern giving offers a certain sum provided an equal amount is raised to meet it. In a recent case, the amount to be raised reached a tantalizing total and half. A friend of the institution that was to be enriched went to Andrew Carnegie and laid the facts before him. These he drove home by all the eloquence he could command! Mr. Carnegie listened attentively. Finally, the speaker paused, and looked to Mr. Carnegie for the favorable word. "My friend," said the great millionaire dryly, "I am not in the retail business." Philadelphia Post. By this, the Post Office. "The biggest rattlesnake I ever saw," the passenger in the linen duster was saying, "I killed myself. It was eight feet long and had 50 rattles." "But the biggest rattlesnake of which there is any record," objected the passenger with the eyeglasses, "was only eight and a half feet long" and had just 31 rattles. "But the one I'm talking about was Kansas," the passenger said, "Kansas is the kind you have always bought." CAPITAL & SURPLUS, $400,000.00 SURPLUS, $100,000.00 UNDIVIDED PROFITS, $2,168,08 DEPOSITS, $1,291,942.32 Accounts of Manufacturers, Merchants, Corporations, Estates and Individuals Solicited. Out-of-town Items Collected and Gifted at par (Free of Exchange) Interest Allowed on Daily Balances. OFFICERS D. S. PLUMMER, President J. H. WHITCOMB, Vice-President G. M. WOODRUFF, Treasurer LOUIS N. VAN KEUREN, F. BROOKER, O. E. TERRY, C. P. OOSS, E. L. FRISBIE, Jr., J. P. ELTON. DIRECTORS D. S. PLUME, J. H. WHITTEMORE, O. M. WOODRUFF. CARLOS FRENCH. FRANKLIN FARREL, C. F. BROOKER, A. M. YOUNG, GEORGE E. TERRY, C. P. GOSS, E. L. FRISBIE, Jr., J. P. ELTON. SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS, Boxes $5.00 and Upwards THE LATEST TO UNION MEN We notify you that we, WILSON & TYRRELL, the Up-to-Date Hatter and Furnishers... Carry the Union Brand Collars and Guffs - ALSO Union Made Overalls "THE LATEST STYLE" WILSON & COMPANY 115 AND 117 SOUTH Hubar & Co. IS THE CHEAPEST PLAGE To Get Your Watches, Diamonds, Jewelry, Musical Instruments, Big Line of REVOLVERS, Unredeemed pledges cheap; also money loaned on Watches and Diamonds. 3: P.I Stine watch repairing. Everything guaranteed, Hubar & Co. , 121 South Main Streat. The Daily. Work, It's the daily Work of the little conqueror. The workings right here at home, Lifting burdens from helpless backs, Bringing sunshine to many a home, It's deeds that count; That bring the never-ceasing sounds of praise. The public are learning fast, Learning to appreciate merit, Lestring to distinguish between claims and proof. Home proof is the best proof. DAN'S KIDNEY PILLS are endorsed by Waterbury people. Read what a Waterbury citizen says: "Mr. Daniel Keenan of 10 William Street says: "I put in medicine a hard day's work when a young man, but of late years I have not been engaged at anything that could cause backache, yet I had attacks of it and accompanying it there was a urinary difficulty, very annoying and particularly inconvenient at night. I tried to stop it by using simple remedies, but all my efforts were useless until I used Doan's Kidney Pills. I saw some newspaper accounts about them in which the symptoms were similar to mine and determining to try them. I got a box at H.W. Lake's drug store. One box cured my backache." All druggists sell DOAN'S KIDNEY PILLS. Don't accept a substitute. Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N.Y. TYRELL MAIN STREET. New York and China TEA A WISE, CONVENTION; Terry Geraghty was going to Feniston's on South Main and he met with Mick McQuade. "Hello!" says Terry. "Hello!" says Mick. "Where are you going to?" says Mick. "To leave my order for English Breakfast Tea and Granulated Sugar," says Terry. "Is it good?" says Mick. "The best in." The World," Eflya Terry. "Me, too," says Mick. So they came, left their order, paid for it, and Fenton did the rest. 20 lbs. Granulated Sugar for... THOMAS FENTON COMPANY.

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Коронăри юнтивĕçтерĕш — миокардăн юн тымарĕсем тăрăх юн çаврăнса юхни. Юн таврăнăш Миокардран юн ытларах (2/3 коронăри юн) чĕрен виççĕ венăна: мăн, вăтам тата кĕçĕн юхса саланать. Асăрхавсем Чĕре-тымар системи eo:Koronaria angio#Koronariaj arterioj.

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T Cephei ist ein Mirastern im Sternbild Kepheus. Er ist etwa 175 Parsec (570 Lichtjahre) entfernt, die scheinbare Helligkeit variiert zwischen +5,2 und +11,3 mag bei einer Periode von rund 388 Tagen. Der Stern weist über Jahrzehnte eine sinusförmigen Variation der Periodenlänge auf. 1881 war sie 400 Tage lang; lt. E. Zische zeigten Auswertungen von 1905 – 1982 jedoch eine Periodenlänge von 379 – 398 Tage. Die BAV rechnet mit dem Mittelwert 388,14 Tage. Dass es sich bei dem Stern um einen veränderlichen handelt, wurde bereits 1877 von W. Ceraski (Moskau) beobachtet und am 17. Januar 1879 veröffentlicht. Weitere frühe Beobachtungen sind von G. Knott 1882 dokumentiert. Einzelnachweise Roter Riese (Typ M) Mirastern.

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The master will inflict on every common in- former the punishment due, to the offence of which he maliciously gives information. As it is God who gives the mind, and as he has bestowed more on some than on others, it shall be considered a grave offence to laugh at or ridicule^iny one who is by nature dull or stu- pid, such persons being entitled to general com- miseration rather than contempt. WJThe girls must remember that the exemptions V to which their sex entitles them are to be used as a shield, and not as a sword ; and they are therefore enjoined to eschew the abominable and unlady-like habit of indulging in sarcasms and attempted wit at the expense of the boys. Whenever a girl loses the docility, gentleness, and benignity of manners becoming her sex, ,she forfeits her title to the forbearance and def- / erential courtesy of the males. <6J^No one shall, out of school, speak disrespect-' fully of the master, or of a fellow-student. 4y>./Wo one shall ridicule, laugh at, or make re- ^inarks about the dress of another ; the boys are enjoined to be kind and courteous to the girls, the girls to be neat and cleanly in their dresses, and all to act as if they were brothers and sis- ters, the children of the same parents. 50. Let the words of The Preacher be held in con- stant remembrance, " Remember now thy Cre- ator in the days of thy youth," &c;, &c. Such are a few of the many rules which the master declared he would read publicly once a month, and each one of which he said he would rigidly enforce, remarking that it was better to have no laws than good ones not strictly obeyed. The punishment of riding on the ass was generally inflicted for long-continued and. gross neglect of study, vulgarity of man- ners, and insults to the girls, and was as follows : — The culprit, with a large pair of leather spectacles on his nose and a paper capon h is head, with the inscription "Fool's Cap," in Roman letters, was mounted a- straddle one of the joists, being assisted up by a few cuts of the master's switch, which sometimes played, at intervals, across his legs during the hour that he held his seat. This punishment was only inflicted on the males, and was considered as so disgraceful that it was rarely merited, and. when imposed attached a stigma to the culprit, which affected his standing in and out of school, for a long time afterwards. Having thus got his school under way, the master, to inspire at once an affection, for him as a man, as well as respect as a teacher, dismissed his students for recre- ation, went with them to the old field, helped to lay off the play-ground, and dis- cussed with them the various kinds of sports, teaching them, by explanations and practical illustrations, many new ones, which were considered highly interesting. Thus in the morning he at once establish- ed for himself a high character as a scholar and disciplinarian; by noon he was the fast friend of every scholar he had, and that evening boys and girls went home perfectly delighted with their new teacher, and feeling an emulous desire to excel in their studies which they had never felt be-»J fore. In a word, the master was, in each* scholar's eye, the very perfection of a man, and to be like him was the highest ambition of all. > After this auspicious beginning, we will > now leave, for a season, the master and his little kingdom. 16 ALAMANCE. CHAPTER .IV. A VISIT TO THE OLD-FIELD SCHOOL. The school-house at Alamance was a neat log-building, situated in the skirt of a thick wood, with a large, old field in front. Those who were studying the higher branches were permitted to get their lessons out of doors ; and hence, as we approach we see faces, male and fe- male, peeping at us from behind the sunny side of every fallen tree. We enter, and the whole 'school simultaneously rising, but keeping their eyes on their books, the boys dip their heads forward, the girls courtesy, and again take their seats; the master, who is hearing a class recite, po- litely bowing us to a vacant bench. We, ^jbeing strangers, our arrival is the occa- sion of an energetic application to study, signified by an emulous effort to see who can bawl the loudest and the fastest. With every variety of note, and in every possi- ble key, and (with a sort of modulated ca- dence or chant, they sing over their les- sons, making a not unpleasant melody, and one which is passing sweet to the master's ears. There, in a corner, with his short legs hooked together under the bench, and the big tears still moist on his swollen cheeks, sits a lately-flagellated urchin, who, in the midst of his sorrows, does not forget the proper sing-song tone, as he sobs out, with long intervening pauses, the letters of his alphabet. Just by him, and swaying to and fro on her seat, like one exercised at a camp-meet- ing by religious influences, sits a girl hum- ming over the Sermon on the Mount, and interjecting alternately an " «m" and an "aA" at the end of every sentence, while on all sides the operations of figures and the results of additions, subtractions, mul- tiplications, and divisions, are announced as if they were set to musici At the end opposite the fire is the writing-bench, a long slab, supported by pins driven under it into the wall, and lighted by a narrow win- dow, whose shutter is a plank swung on leather hinges. More than one coy lass is peeping at us over the top of her book, and little strips of paper are constantly and mysteriously flitting about, from the male to the female- benches and back again, and yet no one is seen to throw them. The manner of each one, as he takes t lie pass to go out, or hangs it up on his return, excites a smile in which the master sometimes joins. This is more 'especially the case when a white- haired urchin pitches his head forward as if he would snap it off, or some tall gawk, with his eye fixed on his sweetheart, in scraping one foot backwards and bending his body forwards, loses his balance and pitches on all-fours into the middle of the room. In the farthermost corner of the house we observe a knot of little fellows who are totally oblivious of all going on around them, and are making themselves extremely merry over the master's por- trait rudely sketched on a slate, and to which each one gives a touch with his pencil. They are not unseen by a watch- ful eye, and suddenly their amusement is interrupted by the well-aimed rule, the fall of which at their feet startles them from their seats, as if a thunderbolt had struck in their midst. The slate is instantly laid down with the likeness still on it, and the artists, trembling with fear and blushing with shame at the consciousness of being gazed at by all the school, hide their faces with their books, the more timid beginning to whimper, while the stout-hearted look down" on the emblem of justice in sulky silence. '■ Prnxirnus. the next class !" cries a voice of authority, and as the ring round the master is cleared, there is an instant scampering from near the fire, a few cuts of the master's rod hastening the flight of the fugitives ; books that were thrown aside are hastily resumed, some with the wrong end upward, and several gay Lotharios slide softly away from the ends of the benches next to the girls. At length is heard that sound, of all others the most pleasant to a school-boy's ears, " Shut up books for play." All is instant. ALAMANCE. IT excitement, confusion, and change — the master descending from his dignity, and the scholar throwing off his reverence. Hats, bonnets and baskets are snatched from the wooden hooks that stud the walls, smd the master is soon surrounded by a bevy of lively, chattering girls, with rose- tinted cheeks, asking him questions, prof- fering presents, and insisting, each one, on his dining with her. Leaving these and the smaller lads by the fire, we will follow to the old field the larger boys, who, with biscuits and slices of bacon in their hands, have hurried off, with a wild clatter, to the playground. It seems they are not for sport to-day, for on the farther side of the field, where the sedge is highest and the sun is warmest, they have clustered together, and, appa- rently, are engaged in some mysterious and important discussion. As we near them we find that a. treasonable plot is hatching against some one whose name is not mentioned. One, like Moloch, is for "War, deadly war;" another recom- mends the experiment of a cold bath in a neighbouring stream ; while a third is decidedly of opinion that the individual in question should be tied with his back to the bench, and left to cool in the open a^r. At length, and at the same time, several voices call for the opinion of the judge — and in the person referred to we recog- nize our old acquaintance, Henry Warden, whose fair skin, small, white hand, and slender form seem to indicate that nature had, indeed, designed him for the ermine and the council-room rather than for the rough scenes of the tented field. He owed his soubriquet, however, not so much to his physical constitution as to his habits of thinking and meditating alone, and to the clearness and comprehensiveness of his judgments. All now listened respectfully to his opinion as he modestly, but forcibly unfolded his views. "I think there is a middle course," said he, " by which we can gain our ends with- out using violence or showing any cow- ardice. We all know he is a worthy man, and we ought not, therefore, to use rough measures unless we are compelled."' " But if we miss this chance," answered a stouter boy, named William Glutson, «' we may never get such another opportu- nity. I tell you I'm for fun." " There's not much fun or courage ei- ther in cruelty," retorted the judge. *' And who taught you so much about courage ?" asked Glutson. "That's my opinion," replied the judge, " and I've often heard my mother say the same thing." " That settles the question," said Glut- son, with a sneer; when the judge, with flashing eyes, demanded what he meant. "No disrespect," answered Glutson, B "only I thought and meant that you and the ladies are competent judges in such matters." " Not so good as Mr. Glutson." said the judge, "who will be as terrible to an armed enemy as he is gentle and accept- able to the girls." It was now Glutson's time to ask an ex- planation, which he did with a sharp voice and flushed cheek ; and the judge, in mak- ing it, remarked, " I mean, if you are brave then bullies are much belied. Do you wish further in- formation as to my opinion V Glutson, without replying directly to the questioner, turned to the other boys and observed, that he " wished to hear no more of the sage opinions of the heroic judge, or of his very judicious mamma." Henry's eyes again flashed, and his whole frame quivered with emotion, when Ben Kust interfered to put an end to the quarrel. Ben, who was about the age of Glutson, was a universal peace-maker, never being able to endure to see a fight, in which he was not a party militant. His frame was short, compact, and muscular, his chest full, round, and broad, while his large, bushy head seemed to sprout out immediately from between his shoulders without the intervention of a neck : a clear, blue eye, a large, but rather short or snub nose, and a wide mouth, filled with powerful teeth, were the ornaments of a face so formed by nature as to be incapa- ble of any other expression than that of good humour. It was the decided opinion of this interesting worthy, emphatically expressed, that both the judge and Bill Glutson were "too tall for their inches by considerably upwards of a jugful," and that they ought to be ashamed of them- selves for showing so much temper. " You, judge," continued he, " are too cussed smart; your wit shaves like a new-hoiled razor, and you know Bill wants his bristles to grow long. As for you, Billy, my son, don't let me ketch you growlin agin at a smaller boy when your uncle is about. If I do, my Christin friend, you won't know what hurt you. "And I," said Glutson, " don't care who knows I hate him." " Well, well, my Christin friends," re- joined Ben, "it's a free country, and you can do as you please about that, providin, you listen to what your uncle says. I now lay down the law, that there must be no more quarrels or fusses till the grand bat- tle is over ; and all on you, like dutiful subjects, must jine in and make common 18 ALAMANCE. cause agin the common enemy. I'm your captin-gineral and brigadier-in-chief, and 1 declare for the judge's opinion. We'll go accordin to sarcumstances, and be no harder nor the natur of the case de- mands ; and reinember you must all be on the ground bright and airly to-morrow monun, armed and equipped as the law directs, and wilh ropes, catapults, torna- does, and all the ingines of war; and now this court-martial is dismissed, viva voce, nunc pro tunc and E pluribus unum, as old Proximus says." Having delivered this speech, standing and with great gravity, solemnly empha- sizing the Latin words, and particularly rolling out the last ones with deep and swelling tones, Ben whirled a summerset, gave a shout, and, followed by the others, started in a run for the play-ground. As he came up he was violently contended for by the captains of the play : and to settle the matter they cast lots by throwing "cross and pile," as it was called, for the first choice. The new hands were then di- vided off; but the judge, who was moody, made the game unequal by refusing to play. Edith Mayfield, who was on the bthor side, withdrew also from the play, alleging that she waslired ; and the numbers on the op- posing sides being equal, the sport went briskly on. " See," said the sweet-voiced girl above named, as she sat down by the judge, "see how the ball has blistered my hand." The blister was hardly visible to the naked eye, but the hand was a very white and tender little one, and the judge must needs take it gently in both of his, exam- ine it very attentively, and hold it to as- suage its pain. " Does it hurt much]" asked he, as he handled it with the most tender care. " Not very much now," answered Edith, looking up into his face with a smile that made him forget his sorrows ; " it was very painful, but it's nearly cured. How I do despise- Will Glutson!" " Why, what has he had to do with your hand *" asked the judge, in surprise. " He has had nothing to do with it," re- plied Edith, " and never shall ; for I can never endure to shake hands with him again.*' " Has he offended you, Edith'!" Not knowing exactly what to say, afraid to tell the truih, and still more afraid of telling an untruth, Edith remained silent. " Tell me, Edith," continued the judge, becoming excited, "tell nie what he has done to you." " He has done nothing to me," she an- swered, and again paused, with her eyes bent on the ground. " I know he's a cow- ard," she at length continued. "And why do you think so1?" inquired Henry. " I don't know exactly," answered Edith ; "but 1 always thought so. He's always laughing at the girls for being timid, im- posing on the smaller boys, and is very cruel to the servants." " Your test is a good one," said the judge ; " but see, the master is going to call to books." The judge, who never desired any one to side with him in a quarrel, determined that evening to be miserable, but h;-;d to abandon his resolution; for he felt that his face was constantly shone upon by the tender eyes of Edith, and whenever he looked at her, and this was not seldom, she would smile in such a way that it was im- possible not to feel entirely happy, even in spite of himself. The hour for being spelled arrived at last, and all the scholars, except a few very small ones, took their stand in a row extending round two sides of the room. Next to the fire was " the head" or post of highest honour, and by the door was " the / foot" or lowest rank. In the school of Alamance the merit of each scholar was \ estimated by the rank he held when the \ school was "spelled ;" and on their return ' at night, the first information given by the children to their parents was in regard to the number which they stood. Each stu- dent always remembered his place, and took it without confusion. On the even- ing to which we have alluded, Henry War- den, as was usual, stood head. Edith May- field occupied her accustomed place, and Ben Rust, as was very unusual, stood third. He got there by accident several days be- fore, and for some time maintained his po- sition .by the assistance of the judge and Edith, the latter of whom would laugh out when she was amused and no one was offended ; would sometimes whisper pret- ty loud; and do it so openly, and then look so pleasantly and archly at the master, with a bright sparkle in her eyes, that he could not find it in his heart to chide her. x On one occasion, however, Ben could not hear her distinctly, and so he started down- ward. His progress was continuous; and in a short time, and to the amusement of the whole school, he landed at the foot, saying, in a quiet way, " Now I feel more nateral." "Pneumatics!" gave out the master to the one who stood next to War- den, who had purposely missed a word, and who now was second, while Edith stood head. The boy could not. spell it; the next blundered, and the next did the same. The eyes of Rust began to twin- kle; and as the word still kept coming down, his lips began to move, his hand was on his head, and his face turned up- ward with an expression indicating the profoundest thought. At length the word readied him ; and Ben, after a pause, sud- denly started, asking, ALAMANCE. 19 . "What did you say the word was?" " Pneumatics,'''' answered the teacher : "come, be quick ; for it is the last word, and the sun is nearly down." " Yes, sir," said Ben : " Peneumatics ! Now let me see ; did you say '•'pneumatics' was the word]" " I did," replied the master. "And it don't begin with NV asked Ben. " I did'nt say so ; but such is the fact." " Pneu-ma<-ics ! was it all spelled right except, the first syllable V " 1 can*t answer any more questions," said the master. " Well," answered Ben, " I know m, a, t, spells '■mat,'' and i,c,k,s, spells 'zcAs;' so the question is as to the ' New.'' What can it be ? Oh, G, n, oo, Gnoo, m, a " "Wrong, wrong!" exclaimed the mas- ter; and so Edith had to spell the word. The school was now dismissed ; and Henry Warden, who was a general fa- vourite, and whose sadness had been ob- served, had to decline many pressing invi- tations to go with his fellow-students. The sun was far down among the trees as the torrent of youthful life, with a mer- ry din, poured out ©f the school-house, and streaming off by different roads, waked with song, and joke, and boisterous laugh- ter, the echoes of those ancient woods for miles around. CHAPTER V. THE TURNING OUT OP THE MASTER. The events related in the last chapter took place two days before Christmas, and after Hector M'Bride had been teaching for some time at Alamance. Before the early dawn on the following morning, near- ly all the boys and many of the girls as- sembled at the school-house, and com- menced fortifying it to bar the entrance of the master. The window over the writ- ing-bench,, though too narrow to admit the body of a man, was closed with slabs, and the door was bolted on the inside with a quantity of bars, beams, and benches, suffi- cient to have defied the efforts of a battal- ion without artillery. Besides the chim- ney, the little window above the master's desk was the only other point of ingress, and here, all the larger boys, mounted on tables and benches, were to take their stand. Through this window, Ben Rust went out and hung on a pole fastened to the roof of the house a small flag, on which were blazoned in large letters, "School- boys' Rights." and then tacked on the door a placard, on which was drawn a coil of ropes, with the sentence, " No admission but on conditions," written at the bottom. These preparations having been com- pleted, although the sun was not yet up, the students began to look anxiously for the master. Many felt a strange palpita- tion of the heart ; some wished it was well over, and others secretly rued having em- barked in the business, and thought they had rather study a week than undertake to gain a holyday by such a hazardous exper-, iment. The more timid, making forlorn efforts at looking unconcerned and telling jokes, trembled at every rustle in the leaves, and all spoke in half-whispered, tremulous tones. Some, with great ap- parent coolness, amused themselves by trying to scribble on the sheets of paper that lay scattered about, but their hands were unsteady ; some made lively attempts to entertain the girls, but their teeth chat- tered as if they were in an ague ; and oth- ers clustered about Rust, cracking their wit upon him, and gathering confidence from his quiet, determined manner. Sud- denly the sound of footsteps behiud the house threw all within into a fever of ex- citement, some seizing their books, some rushing to the window and the chinks in the wall, and some walking to and fro without any definite purpose. The foot- steps still approached, and Ben, listening very attentively, exclaimed, " There's more nor one, by Jove !" " Do you think he's brought assistance !" asked an ashy-coloured lad, trembling all over. " Surely, no one would take part with him," remarked another. " There's no tellin what may happen," said Ben ; " and it may be the old folks are goin to try to break up the custom, for I've heern'sich chat.'* " If that's the case, we can't fight against our fathers," observed one who desired an excuse to surrender; "and suppose they bring pistols." "Suppose the devil comes himself," an- swered Rust, " we'll give him a chunkin ; for there's plenty of fire here. Let all Al- amance come ; the more the merrier, I say." " And so dol," said the judge ; " and if they choose to fight us, they must take what they get^ By this time the footsteps were heard advancing round to the front of the house, and suddenly, an old black horse with a most woful countenance, came in view. He paused when he saw the heads at the window, and gazing at them very solemn- ly for several minutes, he gave a feeble neigh, and then gravely walked off in pur- suit of his pleasure. The occupants of the castle were prodigiously relieved at what they saw ; and becoming by this time used to their situation, they felt ready for a trial of their courage. Ben, now seating him- self in the master's chair, requested all to be silent while he made a few remarks. " You see, my Christin friends," said he. 20 ALAMANCE. " how a man's fears can make a fool of him. That old crittur which you all took for a legion of armed men, was so tickled at your fright, that though he seems to be a decent and gentlemanly old hoss, he could'nt hold in, and laughed right in our faces. He was so mightily amused, I could see it in his eyes ; and did'nt you see how contemptiously he switched his tail, as much as to say, 'good-bye, boys, you're green.' I tell you, the way to get out of danger is to face it. : even a painter or a wild cat will walk off if we look him straight in the eyes. You must " " Yonder he comes ! yonder he comes !" exclaimed several who were at the win- dow ; and sure enough, the master, with his eyes bent on the ground, a staff in his hand, and a book under his left arm, came in view. All heads were withdrawn from the window, and perfect silence reigned within." Walking leisurely to the door, the master looked for the string of the latch, and finding it was gone, began to rap with his stick. " I surely saw some one at the window," said he ; and again he rapped more loudly, calling out " Robert Smith !" " Sir," answered the boy, running across the room, and forgetting himself till he was seized and admonished. to be silent. " Robert," continued the master, " open this door, my son. Will no one let me into this house 1 ho, you within, what fool's play is this !" .As no one answered, he continued to rattle at the door, working himself inio a towering passion, and uttering the fiercest exclamations. The excitement within was now intense, and many, doubtful of the issue of the attempt to bar out, stood with their books in hand, ready to act ac- cording to emergency. The master, after repeated efforts, finding the door firml)r barred, walked off and began to cut and trim a supply of rods, occasionally look- ing back to observe the effect of this manoeuvre. Returning again, "with his switches in one hand and a beam of wood in the other, he said, solemnly, " Boys, open this door. If you do not, I shall batter it down, and the blame will lie on yourselves." " Read the nouce," said one within. "The notice, hah!" replied the master, putting on his spectacles ; " its a bungling fist. Treason, as 1 live — foul treason and rebellion; and -it shall be duly punished. Young rebels ! admit me instantly into my house, or I'll whip every mother's son of you till the blood trickles down your backs!" "Kctchin's before hangin," answered Rust, displaying his face at the window. "Praps, my Christin friend, if you'll flog the house you might save yourself a deal of trouble and whip us all in a lump." "Benjamin! Benjamin! are you mad 1" asked M'Bride. "Not purticularly so," said Ben; "how is it with yourself? I hope your exercise keeps you warm, for its an ontolerable cold mornin." " Mr. Rust," retorted" the master, "it ill becomes you to be jesting thus with your teacher, and I can hardly believe the evi- dence of my own senses. Let me in, and I'll forgive the past; but wo be to you and your deluded followers if you do not !" Ben, not in the least moved by this ap- peal, very quietly informed the master that, "accordin to the laws of the Medes and Persians, every dog must have its day," and that, therefore, the day of old Proximus was over for the present. "All of which, "he con- tinued, "we'll maintain viva voce'''' — apiece of gratifying intelligence which was follow- ed by a rap of the master's switch rather uncomfortably close to the speaker's face. The teacher's blows now followed in quick succession, and he and Rust were begin- ning to pant with their exertions, the one to enter and the other to defend the window, when the latter exclaimed, "Let's parley." 4 " J have nothing more to say, young rebel," M'Bride answered, preparing more rods. " But I have a deal to say to you," said Rust, " and it consarns you to listen. We don't want to harm a hair on your head, and are only defendin our nateral rights ; but our blood may git hot, and then there's no tellin what may happen. I spose you only wanted to show pluck and then. give up ; and as we are satisfied with your cour- age, you had better now surrender." " I'll show you whether I am in fun or not, yo.u saucy whelp," exclaimed the master, whose blows soon cleared the window, one of them welting several fa- ces. Seizing the favorable moment, he sprung to the window, and was half way in when he was grappled by Rust, whom he dragged out after him, and one of the skirts of whose coat was left behind on a nail. The judge and several others tum- bled out to sustain their leader: but the foe, breaking loose from the crowd, put his legs into a rapid motion, ill sorting with his usual gravity. The boys, with a loud shout, gave chase, Ben, with his sin- gle-skirted coat, leading the pack, and yelping like a beagle-hound. The game, doubling and wheeling round trees with admirable dexterity, soon tired down his pursuers, and coursed off in gallailt style. The oV)or was flung open, and the woods swarmed with a merry crowd, shouting, laughing, and betting on the race. The tumult made by those in pursuit became fainter and fainter, and finally died away. Suddenly, and in an opposite direction, it was heard again, and soon the master, far ALAMANCE. 31 in advance of his followers, dashed through the crowd at. the house, darted in at the door, and, slapping his rod on the floor, called sternly, " to books !" The peda- gogue in his chair of authority is a more awful personage than the master out of doors; and, accordingly, M'Bride was now obeyed, and the usual din of study began to be heard when the larger boys entered. They had held a short consultation out of doors, and it was easy to see that their blood was up, and that they contemplated rough measures as they took their stand round the teacher^ "Young men," said the latter, "take your seats. I am loath to whip you, but vou will force me to do it if you do not instantly resume your studies." " Whipping is a game two can play at," answered the judge, " and we're as loath to do it as you are. I" must, however, in- form you, that if you do not grant our demands we can and we will use rough measures." M'Bride made no reply, but rbse to his. feet and raised his chair, when the judge exclaimed, " Rust, prepare your ropes ; and now, boys, on." As he darted towards the master, the chair of the latter fell harmless, and with a laugh he said, " I surrender ; what's your will ?" " Here are our demands," answered Henry Warden, and he read the following carefully-written letter : " To Mr. Hector M'Bride. "Sir, — You are hereby informed that, in accordance with an ancient and well- established usage, you are to be this day excluded from your school-house and pro- ceeded against as an enemy until you agree to the following terms, to wit : You are to let us have this for a holyday extra, and not count it in the calendar, as it is won by our valour. You are also to spend one pound sterling in the purchase of such refreshments and confections as you may deem proper for us, and on your refusal to comply with these conditions we, will Jeel authorized to compel submission by Kuxe : For all of which there are abun- dant precedents. "We remain your affectionate pupils, " Henry Warden, ^ "Will. Glutson, >Com'tte." " Ben. Rust, y " You have shown your pluck," said the master, "and I trust I have also displayed some courage ; and now we'll laugh" ov-er the little accidents of the day." So saying, he sat down and wrote an order for the apples, cakes, candies, and cider, which he had before purchased for the occasion and left with his nearest pat- ron. The parents now began to drop in, and were surprised and elated to find their sons had conquered the master so soon. The " barring out" was a high festival at old field schools, and the prescriptive rights of students in regard to it, were re- spected by all. On such occasions the situation of the teacher was a trying one. It was considered as his duty to resist to the last, and yet those who so considered desired to see him conquered. The turn- ing out was considered as a sort of minia- ture war, in Which it was incumbent on the master to teach his pupils coolness, fortitude, and perseverance. At the time referred to, the old people congratulated master and scholar, and were highly pleased with the conduct of both. Among the visitors was Mr. Cornelius Demijohn, commonly called Corny Demi- john, a sedate bachelor of a grave'presence, and weighing some twenty odd stone. Al- though he had no children, he took a great interest in the school; and having been consulted by the students in regard to the proper method of proceeding in turning out the master, he had arrived early, and, from a concealed position, watched, with lively interest, the fortunes of the day. He was supposed to be skilled in military science, and his heart was as kind as char- ity, and his hand ever ready to strike for his friend. He was by blood related to no one but his mother at Alamance, yet all seemed to be his nephews and nieces, for he was universally known as " Uncle Cor- ny." As usual, his advent created a sen- sation among the young folk, and especi- ally among the girls, who immediately be- gan to cluster about him, and chatter away like a flock of magpies round a grave Mus- covy duck. The old men told long stories of their own exploits on such occasions; the little boys listened, and the young men romped with the females, and assisted them in putting Uncle Corny into trouble. As the day wore towards its noon, the young people became desirous that their parents and teacher should join them in a grand game of town-ball ; and, the Rev. Dr. Caldwell arriving about this time,tho same request was made of him. The so- licitation showed on what terms the par- son lived with his people, respect for the minister being tempered by affection for the man ; while his ready assent displayed the cheerfulness of a disposition which the studies of his calling had failed to tinge with an austere or fanatic feeling. All, accordingly, adjourned to the old field, and the sport commenced in earnest. Conscious of innocence, and therefore fearless of the censure of the world, or of Heaven, the sun in his course never looked 22 ALAMANCE. down On a happier crowd than was that day assembled on the play-ground at the Old field school of Alamance. The editor of these memoirs, hurried on by more stirring- incidents, regrets that he cannot stop to describe the play, once so interest- ing to him, and to make a good performer in which required a true eye, a quick hand, and great activity of body. He regrets his inability to chronicle the mishaps of Uncle Corny,* and the sprightliness of the master, both of which created no little merriment ; and he 'regrets still more that he cannot hand down to fame the exploits of the parson, the simplicity of whose heart and the energies of whose body, were alike untouched by the blight of advancing years. The master, whose notes we follow, when he comes to the sports of this day, in the very beginning of his account breaks off with the exclamation, "Eheu, priscos f di- ces lusus ! Eheu, tempora mulata .'" He then continues his remarks with equal beauty and pathos.. " We shall not attempt," says he, " to draw a picture of what no pen can de- scribe. If there be any yet living who witnessed that, or similar scenes, where age and learning, wisdom and piety, beauty and innocence, forgetting the world, its vices, and its sorrows, wore away the winged hours in harmless sport and frolic, they will know that his would be a dar- ing pen who should attempt a description; and if all the actors in those merry scenes are gathered to the last mansions of mor- tality, it would be a bootless task to dwell on recollections which none can appre- ciate." The editor has witnessed similar scenes, and deep in his memory are those scenes engraven, and there shall they remain, the sweetest picture in the recollections of the past, till that memory is darkened by the shadows of death ! Pray, then, good read- er, excuse the writer if he is tedious and garrulous on trivial matters that interest you but little. Remember that, after the vicissitudes of a long and chequered life, the dear scenes of his early, and happy youth are now before him, softened, chast- ened, and beautified by the moonlight of memory; and surely you will excuse him for taking "one longing, lingering look," before he shuts his eyes upon them and dashes into the more memorable but sad- der scenes which follow. He is only a half-enchanter; he has conjured up from its mossy grave the fair, pale spirit of the past ; but it will not down at his bidding. Bear with him, then, for a little while, and you soon shall be ushered into the midst of stirring times, and of great events, and see enough of " Battles, sieges, fortunes ; Of most, disastrous chances — • / Of moving 'accidents by Hood and field." / CHAPTER VI. A GREAT MAN AT ALAMANCE. How Nathan Glutson "came into the world, and where he first saw the light, was matter of speculation more perplex- ing than profitable to his neighbours. It is certain that he was the son of his moth- er ; but if he ever had a father, that for- tunate personage must have been fond of obscurity, for, according to the gossips, neither wife nor offspring ever knew him as husband or parent. Nathan, however, as we will see, was not one of those who need the influence of illustrious paternity to push them forward in the world. Like other renowned men, he was born with ay. the elements of greatness in himself, and was destined to reflect from the meridian sun of his own glory an unfading lustre on all his race ; as well on thqse who pre- ceded as on those who came after him on the stage of being. The mystery which envelopes his origin shrouds also his early youth ; and for the interesting bistory of this portion of his eventful life, the world must be indebted to the pen of Nathan himself; Until the publication of his auto- biography, we must restrain our impatient curiosity, and take him where the Ala- mancers found him, at the age of two and twenty. Having attained his majority, and being aware that a prophet is not without honour except in his own country, Nathan left the country of his ancestors and set- tled at Alamance. A disciple of Saint Crispin, he came with hammer and awl to shoe the Alamancers, thus typifying his more important mission, which was to harness with sound doctrine the souls of his new and simple neighbours, and new- vamp their minds, so as to enable them to walk unhurt over the briers and sharp stones of this thorny wilderness. He pitched his tent, or, to speak more cor- rectly, he built his shop at the crossing of two public roads. A painted sign was hung out, to be gazed at with admiring wonder by every mill-boy that passed along, and printed cards were circulated for the be- wilderment of the public generally.. Sign- boards such as his, and cards, ^were new things at ^.lamance ; and, while they con- stituted a novelty interesting to the young, they were regarded by some very shrewd old people as unerring indications of the fast-approaching end of the world. The earth, however, despite their opinions, kept on its usual courses, and the Ala- mancers, satisfied by degrees of Nathan's superior artistical skill, gave him a liberal patronage. Glutson, increasing in world- ly substance, took to himself for wife'an old spinster with a hundred acres of land, one hundred wrinkles in her face, and five hundred crotchets in her temper. Such were the lands, goods, and chattels, which ALAMANCE. 23 Nathan got by marriage ; and turning all but the crotchets and the wrinkles into money, he took an apprentice to his trade, opened a house of entertainment, and a blacksmith-shop in which he hired some strolling workmen to labour. These shops became the lesort of all the idlers in the community, and Nathan held forth to them daily on law, ethics, and politics. Among other things, he became a bailiff, and by his frequent visits to the distant court-house, augmented his influence and importance. He soon added another to his multifarious occupations, in the prose- cution of which he still kept in view the public good. He became a money-lender and a shaver of paper, in the discharge of 'which business, he regulated himself by the wants of the borrower, endeavouring, as far as practicable, to carry out literally the language of Scripture, " from him that hath not shall be taken even that he hath." Thus did Nathan manufacture shoes, point coulters, and entertain strangers, charging only three prices for the same; thus did he serve process and shave bonds at fif- ty per centum discount, until he became a man of such vast consequence as to be appointed a justice of the peace. Then it was that he enlarged his garments and his house, put on a grave and sober face, became a severe and rigid moralist, and spoke as one having authority. Sons and daughters were born unto him, and in their early promise he to.ok a becoming pride. He joined the church, in which he was ap- pointed a ruling elder; took an active part in all public matters, and was the terror of all poor vagabonds far and near. The advice and conversation of such a man could not but be profitable and instruct- ive to old and young ; and as Nathan was aware of this, and deemed it a sin to hide his light under a bushel, his loud and com- manding voice was heard at every public gathering. At such places he was gener- ally the last comer; a proper regard for his own dignity requiring that he should cause himself to be waited for and observ- ed by all eyes when he came. It was therefore late on the day of '-the barring /but" mentioned in the last chapter when [Nathan arrived , at the Old-Field School.

github_open_source_100_8_19904

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package com.ps.druiddemo.dao.mapper; import com.ps.druiddemo.dao.dto.UserInfo; import com.ps.druiddemo.dao.dto.UserInfoCriteria; import java.util.List; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; public interface UserInfoMapper { /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int countByExample(UserInfoCriteria example); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int deleteByExample(UserInfoCriteria example); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int insert(UserInfo record); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int insertSelective(UserInfo record); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ List<UserInfo> selectByExample(UserInfoCriteria example); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int updateByExampleSelective(@Param("record") UserInfo record, @Param("example") UserInfoCriteria example); /** * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator. * This method corresponds to the database table user_info * * @mbggenerated */ int updateByExample(@Param("record") UserInfo record, @Param("example") UserInfoCriteria example); }

github_open_source_100_8_19905

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import React from 'react'; import PropTypes from 'prop-types'; import ReminderList from 'components/reminders/ReminderList'; function ReminderManager(props) { return ( <ReminderList date={props.date} /> ); } ReminderManager.propTypes = { date: PropTypes.string.isRequired }; export default ReminderManager;

sn83025881_1800-01-11_1_2_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Public Domain

Downing Street, October 1759. A dispatch, of which the following is an excerpt, has been received from Lieutenant Colonel Henry Clinton, by the right Hon. Greenville, his Majesty's principal Secretary of State for the Foreign Department. Cairo, October 9, 1799. When I felt your Lordship's just dispatch on the morning from Grenville, the reinforcement comprised that rear guard, had not reached half-quarters. I have now the honor to inform your Lordship that the enemy, having received a considerable reinforcement from Zug, renewed on the 18th. Their attack near the village of Muttler, where in the fatigue, the troops had undergone the preceding day, they had been obliged to halt. A strong column of enemy advanced by the road in the center of the valley, while two others, skirmishing the foot of the mountain on each side, endeavored to get in the rear of the Russians. The division of General Rofenberg took off eight weak battalions and two regiments. gimeuts 0} Co (Tacks. Discovering the intention of the enemy he left five lions as a reserve, and with three, (the breadth of the valley not admitting of a greater front) supported by the Cofiac, he attacked the center of the enemy; their heavy artillery a moment gave them an advantage; but nothing could withstand the steadiness of the Russian attack. In the hurry of their retreat an ammunition wagon was overset, in which chased the only road by which the cannon could move; three pieces where immediately taken possession of by the Russians. The flank columns, seeing their center pier, His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor of France, fled. General Rofenberg, profited by all the Russias, ever animated with zeal for the confusion of the enemy and pursued them the cause of sovereigns, and wishing to put, they had above 100 men and 13 officers, and have been spread by the impious Government, men were taken prisoners. The Russ had in this affair about 309 men killed, remotest countries being, fully determined and wounded. It was the 4th in the evening before the Turks and wounded could be supported by the Russians; the roads admit the army to the front, and to restore the army without, however, admitting of the passage of artillery, the guns any partition of that country; to restore the army to its former vigor; the army marched to the valley of Serossa to Elm; the ditches made it impossible to re-establish the integrity of the German empire; to look for his reward in the rear guard, and gained some trifling adventures over it during the first three or four days. Us blelted his arms, and hither tour miles of the march; upon a well-timed attack however, of the Ruffians, they defeated over the enemies of thrones, religion and social lifted from any further attempt. On the order. 6th the army passed the Danix Mountain, His Majesty the Emperor of all the which the snow that had fallen during the Russias having thus declared his views, and a few weeks had rendered dangerous, and several mules and baggage horses were lost on this declaration to all the members of the hemisphere. The army now assembled at German Empire, including the troops to unite Jiffiag£ c i:* l 3f' of reach it j,* M i.n. Have the honor to be, & e. London October 1. NAPPER TANDY, Uft. The following are the particulars respecting the embarkation and arrival of Napper Tandy and his three fellow prisoners, Gol Blackwell, capt. Montgomery, alias Morris, and George Peters; On the 1st inst. they were conveyed on board the Zenophon frigate at Hamburg, and immediately set safe for Cuxhaven, at which place they were detained by contrary winds till the 9th, when they put to sea; but the weather continuing extremely bad, the vessel was not able to make this note till Monday morning last; notice of which being soon after received at the admiralty by the Telegraph, Mr. Rosa, the messenger, accompanied by Edwards, Dowfett and Perry, (Bow Street officer) and other assistants, were sent. feipreft, in two post coaches and four, to Sheerness, where they arrived at four o'clock on Tuesday morning, and about seven went off in the port admiral's yacht, attended by a six-oared barge for the No. 2, and got on board the Zenophon at eight, when the prisoners were consigned to their charge. A party of capt. Burgess's Sheppy yen manry attended at the water side to escort them to Sittingbourne Here they were delivered to a party of Sir Edward Knalchbull's yeomanry, who escorted them to Rochester, where they were received by Lord Damley's troop of Cobham yeomanry cavalry, who conducted them into town and yesterday, at a quarter before one, they passed over Blackfriar's bridge, Proceeded to Lodgate Hill and the Old Bailey, and between one and two o'clock they arrived at Newgate and were transferred to the custody of Mr. Ki by the keeper, who had prepared two very commodious rooms for their reception, in the centre of the prison, over the chapel. The prisoners conduited themselves with the greatest propriety throughout the whole of their journey to London, and also on board the Xenophon, where it was thought prudent to confine them in separate births, with a sentinel placed at the door of each; but they were, however, supplied with every comfort that the ship could afford. Napper Tandy, either from drinking a quantity of Brandy, or taking some medicine just before they failed, slept from Hamburg to Cuxhaven, and was for some time very sick and ill. Had Bonaparte and his staff been sent here by Sir Sidney Smith, they could not have excited more curiosity. A vast concourse of people was assembled at the landing place s fakoff. H. CL INTON. PLYMOUTH, November 7. This morning arrived a large fleet of transports from the Helder, with upwards of 7009 Russian troops on board, who are to be landed at Guernsey. Arrived in the South, the Fower cutter, or 14 guns, lieutenant Darby, from a cruise of Fleet. Five ships of the line that left Brest, and anchored in Cameron Bay, were seen to return to Bred before the Fower left it; she also saw a fleet of merchant vessels, under convoy of two brigs and a line, enter that harbour. The French pretend to have farced Su warrow to quit Mount St Gothard and Glanu; but since the loss of Zurich, it was contrary to his plan to maintain those positions any longer. General Jellachich, Petrarfeh, Auffenburg, and Linken, will defend the Grison country. The English officer who had been sent with a flag of truce and a dispatch to the commandant of Helvoetfuys from the admiral, cruising at the mouth of the Menel, has been re-considered on board the cutter that brought him, with the answer of the Batavian officer. At the garrison of Helvoetfuys is not very numerous, and an attack was feared from the enemy, the companies of the German regiment of Saxe Gotha, which were at Rotterdam, have set out to reinforce it. There are presently before Helvoetfuys only one English cutter who attended the prisoners and their escort to the garrison gates, where a new conference was also held; and From stage to stage, to the end of the journey, everyone, old and young, male and female, was anxious to get a peep at this wonderful man, now become, from the happy perseverance of masters, a new bone of contention among the powers of Europe. Every thing relating to personages of such high importance must be interesting to the public; and therefore we subjoin the following: Napper Tandy is a large, big-booed man, but much broken and emaciated. His hair is quite white from age, and he appears much enervated; This is indeed very natural, if it be considered that he is near seventy years of age, and has just suffered a lung-affection, his mind the constant repose of the most painful sufferers. He wore a large friar's, a long silk black grey coat, and military boots, which had a very outer effect. Morris seems to be about fifty. They are two tall handsome looking men, wore military dresses, and have a very soldier-like appearance. The former is a man of a very interesting genius, about the middle fire, apparently no more than four or five and twenty, and has much the look of a foreigner. Colonel Blackwell had the command of the French troops that landed in the North of Ireland; the commissioners that he and Montmoreau bear are in the French army. Napper Tandy was also in that expedition. They are all natives of Ireland, to which country, it is said, they will be transported for trial, after undergoing a previous examination here before the privy council. Rural permanent tranquility, for themselves and their posterity. Should his Imperial Majesty of all the Russias perceive that they support his views, and rally around him, he will, instead of raising his seal, his exertion, and not death his sword before he has seen the downfall of the Monster which threatens to crush all legal authorities. But, should he be left to himself, he will be forced to recall his forces to his states, and to give up a cause so badly supported by those who ought to have the greatest share in its triumph. Gates, Sep. 15 (old flyle) 1799. Lieut. Col. Montague has been tried by a Court Martial, and displaced from the Wiltshire regt. for suffering the characters of captains Awdry and by endeavoring to form a party in the regiment. Capt. John Aycough on the first of Nov. was tried by a naval court martial, on board the ship Expedition in Sheerness, for the loss of the Blanche, and was honorable acquitted. She was run on it appears, by the carelessness of the pilot. BREGENZ, October 16. BUSSELS, October 16. and two Luggard. Four either English vessels are sailing before the Brill. It appears to be the design of the English to cut off all the trade of the port of Rotterdam. STUTZARD, October 9. The greatest part of Suvararrow's army is arrived at Lindau and Béchro, where it has joined the corps of General Korfakov, which together amount to 10,000 men. This army will be reviewed on the 24th by the archduke Charles and Prince Suvararrow near Ravenburg. The Prince informed the Archduke by way of compliment, that he intended to ferre under his Royal Highness. It is, however, that during the cumbrous winter the Russian army will act on the defensive, and the Archduke retires to the Neck to drive the trench again from Marheim. SALVADOR, October 30. Even the accounts from Bernal have been that Prince Suvararrow, when he entered the garrison, was by no means defeated, but on the contrary obtained considerable advantages in different engagements, and only changed his plan of operations in consequence of the battle of the 6th and 17th. Some accounts state that Malent is preparing to advance across the Rhine, while others maintain that Suvararrow will be before hand with him, by advancing into Switzerland. FRANKFORT, October 30. During the last two days, the command of Mentz has not suffered the passage of vessels to fail between that fort and our city; no passports are granted to the French. Tarragona, and it is supposed that there are scarcely any troops there. Nine hundred pipes of Rhone, which had been ordered for the use of the garrison, will be sold by public Accounts were received here yesterday from Darnstadt and its neighbourhood that a heavy cannonade had been heard. It is said that the French attacked the armed peasants and the troops of Motez, but were defeated. Ibis Day Published, AND rot MLE »r , JOHN o'RMROD, No. 4 i, Chefnut Strtft, 31 Jtiratat £>ratitm, On tht Biath of General Wafliinguji, delivireo At the rftjufft of. Caagrtfi, en the x6tb ot D:ee)i<ber, f. *•» BY MAJOR GENERAL LEE. •{'Price ii-ghd half Cents."] Jaouiryj.' ; ; " }t ■ ■' ■' ■ RiCHARD. ROBINETT f> " - .71 j ■■ FREDERICK KISSELMAN 't^^^JSSSSSS ■ ftl MMh ** "' ' ' '■■ i : ; '■■- r TO BET LET, : ; A hrgWrnxt and Sttwi* Sf»*■,. •■- ■ _ *i* Si,trm »/SMi^ t T H iw£ir k 2 e ** The i • tcll P'e<i *»a Liunbc* Yard for levcral year*, ind it *erjr faitaUc for that bu . ■ W kWd/ed fe« frpat «i tl* r,T " - will be jiTen on Ae :rfk dMu . ***' * Three Stwy.Britk Hoafe artjoinine - JOSHUA HUM>HH?Ys. ) UWJW. ; Jinnjry 10. DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA TO Wit.' ~~ ' R 8 'T REMEMBERED, That on the oth dar tne i itlc of a Book, the right whermf l i • " words !?•**»**£*'. Taik ef D-.fcount tr J„, ere fl ( accuratfh alculated) from 50 cenUt, 5000 dollar,, from dajta 113 day: tnilujtvc, at 6per cent." In corformity to th. ad-of the Coflef«f, ' Aft'fv! !i" ted inlitu lsd "An (Seall £? r V en . cou "S e ®<™ of Learn pfc *?"? the «opie» of Ma»t . Chart, and Books to.the Authors and' or ' ° f during th. •tfme therein mentioned. M rSigned) D. CALDWELL [a»uar DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 TO WIT, " DE IT REMEMBERED, Th,r„ o the , A <ST In conformity to the afl of p„„ , , the United State., inr^, e d "Tn for the encouragement of tcarninr bt SSiSi-^iSfiKK. (Signed) D. CALDWELL of the District of Pennsylvania, GENTEEL ACCOMMODATION For sale Gentlemen, North of the city, A short supply of HATS, 100 pieces of Raw and Dried Hams, 100 pieces of Bengal Hams, A few barrels Bengal Hams. 1,190 bushels of Martins Salt, April 11 The Subscriber, by just received a quantity of HILL's First Quality London Particular Wine THE STOCKHOLDERS ARE hereby notified that an Election for Twelve Directors for the ensuing year, will be held at the Bank, on Monday the 13th January next, at 10 o'clock. RICHARD WELLS, Cashier. Dec. a, 1799. THE Subscribers to the Water Loan who have completed their Shares, are hereby informed, that the Certificates of Sharewares ready so be delivered, and that the Interest will be paid at any time after the 10th instant, on application to the Treasurer, No. 19 Filbert Street above Ninth street. THE POSSESSORS OF OBLIG ATIONS or OERTIFICATES signed by the subscribers, for undivided Shares or. Lots on his purchase within the city of Washington, who have not yet applied for and received their Deeds, are hereby notified, that their several Titles will be duly completed to the order of those who in conformity with the terms of the said Certificate, do make the Payments in full therefor, either to M. Emmett W Co. or to the subscriber at Philadelphia, on or at any time before the 3rd day of May next. ACQUAINTED with the West-India trade, wishing to be employed as a Supercargo. He will engage on more advantageous terms. Satisfactory recommendations will be produced. A line directed to A. B. left at the Printing Office will be immediately attended to. December 1, Pennsylvania District. By virtue of the writ of execution, to the circuit court of the middle circuit, will be sold by public vendue at the city of Philadelphia on Monday, March 7th, at 10 o'clock in the morning, at the courthouse in Philadelphia, all the following described property, to wit: A parcel of land situated in the county of Wayne, containing 8000 acres and upward. Sale stable, and of X or "PP ur, * n *nce«.-—The name. "fonginal warrantee, of the Cud uaet or ptrcel of land were a. follow.. " s^l R /" rtSt > hn ™< itl l v" } G «>'f< Norton, G % / Ch < Sen J"*' n n geT tt Zd^rdWcUud, GtZ"m' SS " S * >* w TSompsoK, <i>org e Ucrtor., y ost/)b Wbl ( il Zc'T"' Patrick Connolly, Tbomu Grif y ; \ Jrin 011 jib ant, William HalLt. $ * of f ul" d 4 ? d *'*2? in extcution "the property <>*• Robert Leti ii Hooper, deceased. T *t B A Marshal. Philadelphia, Jan. 4. j _ .* eo(f>M Thefc fruio t rafts da net contain tie fiiir \ kej >"gnal 'warrant! 7 part of tUm b ;en convtytdavjaj,. ? .? "* m \ . Dollars Reiver d. ■ SS^«2 Jnn. , C-/*»m 10lb Rtfimeml Infantry. i M-IJ, IN c(J STODY M>ddl "' X Ga ° r Mgrp ««, A D M C M M H atr« of HhibdcMr' e " '° Willilun Henry Hall, abo^t'fi *' /"r. oM. botit 16 years aid >r,j r » • '"Ppofcd to be*, man oc J*? 11 ™""* from Maryland or JVirgini" 'if' 3, j? d Z ed tobe f«t, 6ot 7 inches, high, very black' .£'?*""• 1 I jy»*—■■ «i SiSSSK '« pay ch Jig" °LT^£ tgroe ' * re »t"=«ed December j i_ q i K£ENON. Vi ' Allot. ROSS AND SIMSON, MADEIRA WINE. • To Pipei, Hhd« and Quarter Calks. GIDEON HILL WELLS. Phl'adelphia, No*. 11. 3«awtm Bank of North America. ' WATER LOAN. JOHN SHEE, Treaftirer. Philadelphia, January t, ißco dtio CITY OF WASHINGTON;; Samuel Biodget. December 17 x A YOUNG MAN BALL. Mr. Francis, Respectfully informs his Scholars The Public in general, that his first Ball will be on Saturday, the 9th of January, 1860, at his Academy south Fourth Street. Gentlemen's tickets are available—Ladies' tickets to be had by applying to Mr. F. or the secretary of Mr. Francis. Take place on Thursday, the 9th in the afternoon, and be continued in future every other Saturday. Day of Instruction at his Academy, and Saturdays at 8 o'clock in the afternoon for his young pupils, and at 8 in the evening for those of a more advanced age. The Ball Room may be engaged on Monday, Wednesday, and Fridays, for private tuition, $3. MARSHAL'S office is removed to No. Street. January 6. MARTIN'S OFFICE Having opened an Office in the corner of Chestnut Street, A few doors above Fourth, And commenced the Business of the Estate of the late John Smith, In the various kinds of Public Stocks, Bills of Exchange, &c. &c. Engages to do everything in his power to give satisfaction to those who may think proper to employ him. earis to confine his transactions to the agency, and Commissioner, in its business as is profession... and near the City will be attended to, and also a Land When that sin is again. Ye've heard. November 19th, 1883. Southern Mails... The Mail for all the Offices on the main line, between this Office and Petersburg, Virginia, will be closed here every day, (Sunday excepted) at half past 7 o'clock, A.M. And the Mail for the Port-Towns on the main line, through North-Carolina, South-Carolina, and Georgia at far at Savannah, will be closed with the Southern Mails every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. The water Mail between this and Charleston are discontinued. Post Office, Philadelphia, December 30, 1793. December 30, 1793. BANK OF THE DIRECTORS HAVE this day declared Dividend for the last six months, of their par value, which will be paid in the Stockholders or their Agents, after the 16th instant. January 6, BANK OF PENNSYLVANIA, THE Stockholders of the Bank are hereby notified that their Annual Meeting held at the Bank on the day next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, will be held at the Bank on Monday, the 20th day of February next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon. JONATHAN SMITH, Cashier. Extract from the seventh section of the Act of Incorporation. Article and Not more than fourteen of the Directors, elected by the Stockholders, and at the same time, ex officio. Of the President, shall be eligible for the next succeeding year; but the Director who shall be President at the time of an election may, with the consent of the Board, be elected. BANK OF PENNSYLVANIA, The Directors have this day declared a dividend of one hundred dollars on each share of Bank Stock, for the last six months, which will be paid to the Stockholders or their legal representatives, after the 1st inst. By order of the Board, JONA. SMITH, Cashier. BANK OF NORTH AMERICA, A meeting of the stockholders of this day, a dividend of 5 percent was declared for the last half year, which will be paid to the Stockholders or their legal representatives, at any time after the 10th instant. By order of the Board, RICHARD WELLS, Cashier. Insurance company OF THE State of Pennsylvania. The Stockholders are hereby notified, that an Election will be held at the Company's Office, on Monday the 11th January next, at eleven o'clock, for the election for Directors for the ensuing year. JAMES S. COX, President. December 16. TO BE DISPOSED Of, The Time of a strong healthy Negro Woman, Who has many years to set. She has acquainted with all kinds of housework, and is a good place Cook, Enquire of the Printer. January 6, 1808. THE UNITED STATES January 6, 1808. December 3, 799. January 1, 1808.

75772e79e486ca9db562aa2f6745d59a_1

French Open Data

Various open data

CLOUSIT Laurent RCS non inscrit. 24 ldt Le Bourg 33390 Campugnan Extrait de jugement Jugement de plan de redressement 8 janvier 2016 Jugement arrêtant le plan de continuation pour une durée de dix ans ; date de cessation des paiements : 2 décembre 2014 ; commissaire à l'exécution du plan : HIROU (Louis), 6-7, bld Aristide Briand, BP 237, 33506 Libourne ; N° RG : 14/00050.

1992/91992E002103/91992E002103_DA.pdf_4

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SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afKarelVanMiert (1.juli1993) Isinbeslutning afdecember1992præciserede Kommissio­ nensinholdningmedhensyntilsalgtildenhøjstbydende ellersalgtilkunénbydende,hvorbuddetlyderpåennegativ pris.Hvislikvidation afselskabetvillehaveværetmindre bekostelig ,kanderværetaleomstøtte,oganmeldelses­ pligtenomfattersamtligetilfældeindenforfølsomme sektorerogdevigtigstetilfældeindenforandresektorer .Kommissionen hargentagnegangebehandlet despørgsmål , somdetæredemedlemharrejst.Treuhandanstalts (THA) aktiviteter skalvurderes ilysetaf,atdettidligereDDR's planøkonomi ervedatbliveomdannet tilmarkedsøkonomi. Detteskaberhidtilukendteregionale ,socialeogindustrielle vanskeligheder ,somKommissionen toghensyntilved vurderingen af,omTHA'saktiviteter varforenelige med fællesmarkedet ,herundernavnligspørgsmålet om,hvorvidt disseaktiviteter udgørstatsstøtte ,samtvurderingen afen sådanstøttepågrundlagafEØF-traktatens artikel92og 93.Kommissionen eroverbevist om,atdenneapproach er passendeogtilstrækkelig tilatsikre,atdenkanundersøge eventuellestøtteelementer iTHA'stransaktioner samtsikre, atsådanstøtteikkeiurimeligtomfangfordrejerkonkur­ rencen,udenatdendervedlæggerhindringer ivejenfor THA'sprivatiseringsbestræbelser ellerudviklingen afen langrækkeøkonomiske ogindustrielle aktiviteter iØsttysk­ land.Iseptember 1991ogdecember1992trafKommissionen en rækkegenerellebeslutninger omTHA'saktiviteter .Idisse beslutninger accepterede Kommissionen ,atdenomstændig­ hed,atdervargivetafkaldpåfinansielle krav,derhidrørte fratidenfør1.juli1990,ikkeudgjordestatsstøtte ,idet omfangdeudelukkende varudslagafvilkårlighed underdet tidligeresystem. Påtilsvarende mådeanseshellerikkefrafaldafansvarfor miljøforurening ,derharfundetstedfør1.juli1990,som statsstøtte .Kommissionen harogsåudtryktforståelsefor denvanskellige situation ,somdeafTHAejedeselskaber befandtsigiførprivatiseringen .Kommissionen vilgerneunderstrege ,atallepotentielle udenlandske investorer fritkandeltageiåbenogubetinget udlicitering afTHA-ejede selskaber .Allepotentielle tilbuds­ givereharrettilatoverbydeallevesttyskeellerudenlandske selskaber ,derdeltager ilicitationen .Kunhvisdethøjeste budpåetselskabikkeantagesafTHA,kanderværetaleom støtte. Hvadangårspørgsmålet om,hvorvidtTHAharkrænket EF'skonkurrenceregler vedsalgaføsttyskeselskaber ,skal Kommissionen påpege,atderikkeernoget,dertyderpå,at Tysklandikkeoverholder sinanmeldelsespligt ioverens­ stemmelse medovennævnte beslutninger .Dasituationen ideflestetilfældeharværetden,atingen bankvilleværevilligtilydedissemidlerudenstatsgaranti , fordiselskaberne ikkekunnestillesikkerhed ,accepterede Kommissionen ,atTHAkunnestillesådannegarantierfor banklånellerselvkunneydesådannelån.Dissegarantierog lånkunnebetragtessomværendestøtte,menKommissio­ nenbesluttede atansedemforlovlige,forudsatatde begrænses tiletstrengtminimum .Hvadangårdesektorer, somdetæredemedlemhenvisertil(stål-,skibsbygnings -og bilindustrien )såvelsomkunstfiberindustrien ogvisseland­ brugssektorer ,skalindividuelle garantieroglånanmeldestil Kommissionen .Sidendecember1992erdentyskeregering ogsåblevetbedtomatforetageanmeldelse tilKommissio­ nen,nåretselskabmedmereend1500ansatte—overfor Treuhandanstalt —harfinansielle forpligtelser påialt150 mio.DMellermere. I 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/47 Sidenstarteni1988harEFDOgjortdetmuligtat distribuere over150filmpåtværsaflandegrænserne .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.627/93 afAntoniGutiérrez Diaz(NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (5.april1993) EuropaCinemas (93/C280/90) Støttetilbiografer istorebyer,somforpligter sigtil overvejende atviseeuropæiske film.Projektet ,somblev iværksat i1992,omfatteralleredeca.50biografer ,som tilsammen har105sale.Antalletafsale,sommodtager støtte,forventesatblivefordoblet i1993.Om:Støttetilfilmklubber (MEDIA-programmet ) Mediasalles ManeriEuropakonstantvidnetilbiograflukninger i landdistrikter ogibyernesforstæder .Jævnsides hermed begrænsesudbudetstadigmere,amerikanske filmdomine­ rerpålærredet,ogetbetydeligtantaluafhængige filmdis­ tributører forsvinder. Sammenslutningerne affilmklubber iEFharsommålsæt­ ningatsikreenfriogafbalanceret bevægelighed for kvalitets-,kultur-oginformatiorisfilm ,somerafbetydning forkultureludviklingogudveksling .Støttetilbedreudnyttelse afbiografer ,bl.a.gennem iværksættelse afenrækkeforanstaltninger .Inovember 1992varoverhundredebiografsale tilsluttetprojektetDen Europæiske Filmuge,somhargjortdetmuligtatdistribuere over300europæiske film,somikketidligereharværetvisti dedeltagende byer.11993vilDenEuropæiske Filmugeblive afholdttogange,nemligijunioginovember. Desuden erderiforbindelse medMediaSallesblevet iværksatenoplysningskampagne blandtungeombiograf­ film.Herudover erderblevetudarbejdet pædagogisk materiale ombiografen (bl.a.setudfraenhistorisk , kunstnerisk ogteknisksynsvinkel ),somhenvender sigtil undervisere .Formålet eratgøredeminteresseret iat undervise idetteemneogherigennem vækkedeunges interesseforbiografen .VilKommissionen væreindstilletpåmedstøttefraEuropa- Parlamentet atladeMEDIA-programmet 1991—1995 omfatteformidling affilmo.l.,som 1.Kanfremmeudvekslingen affilmafkulturelinteresse mellemEF'smedlemsstater ? i* 2.Kanfremmefilmklubbernes ogdistributionsnettenes aktiviteter ? 3.Kanfremmefilm-ogtv-kundskab iundervisningen og deungesadgangtildissemediersometmiddeltil kultureludfoldelse ? SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.662/93 afGeorgePatterson (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (6.april1993) (93/C280/91) SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afJoaoDeDeusPinheiro (21.juni1993) Distribution afeuropæiske filmogstøttetilbiografer ,som isærvisereuropæisk producerede film,eretafdeområder , somomfattesafMEDIA-programmet .Distributionen af europæiske filmtilgodeses vedhjælpaftresærprojekter :Om:Bistand itilfældeafkatastrofer indenforEF HvadgørKommissionen foratsikre,atEF-midler ,der udbetales tilkatastroferamte områder iEF,anvendesefter hensigten ? t HarKommissionen gennemført enundersøgelse afanven­ delsenafdenEF-støtte ,derforflereårsidenblevudbetalttil reparation afbygninger efterjordskælvet iogomkring Frosinone iItalien?HarKommissionen kendskab til påstandeom,atEF-midlerne ikkeerblevetanvendttilat reparerebygninger iområdet,ogvildenværeredetilat gennemføre enundersøgelse afsagen?EFDO(EuropeanDistribution Office) Støttetildistributører ,somforpligter sigtilatfrigiveen europæisk filmtilfremvisning ibiografer imindsttrelande. Nr.C280/48 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afJacquesDelorsSamletsvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afBruceMilian påskriftligforespørgsel nr.670/93ognr.671/93 (17.juni1993) Kommissionen formoder ,atdetæredemedlemshenvisning tilde»seksdelmål«gælderprioriteterne ,derstøttesgennem strukturfondene imålnr.2-områder iDetForenede Kongerige. Denrelativevægt,derlæggespådeseksprioriteter ,afgøres afpartnerskabet ihverafderegioner,dererberettigede til strukturfondsstøtte .Denerresultatetafenforhandling , somerbaseretpåderegionaleomstillingsplaner ,medlems­ statenforelægger ,ogudkastettiloperationelle programmer , derudarbejdes forhverenkeltregion.(21.juni1993) Udbetalingen afkatastrofehjælp fraFællesskabet iforbin­ delsemedkatastrofer indenforEFerbetingetaf,atdergives accepttil,atKommissionen ogRevisionsretten kanforetage kontrolihenholdtilbestemmelserne ifinansforordningen. Tildetformålskalder,firemånederefteratstøttener udbetalt ,afleveresenrapportom,hvorledesmidlerneer anvendt. EF'skatastrofehjælp erhumanitær ogafsymboliskstørrelse ogskaltjenesomudtrykforFællesskabets solidaritet med dekatastroferamte familier .Denkatastrofehjælp ,derblev givetiprovinsen Frosinone efterjordskælvet ,varsåledes ikkeberegnettilgenopbygning afdeødelagtebygninger. Hjælpen,derialtbeløbsigtil350000ecu,blevved regionenLaziosmellemkomst fordeltsomkontanthjælp efterkriterier,somdelokalemyndigheder ogKommissio­ nenvarblevetenigeom(antalevakueringsordrer ,antal husvildeoghårdtramtefamilier).Ifølgedenrapportom midlernesanvendelse ,somregionenharafleverettilKom­ missionen ,har46kommuner anvendtheledetstøttebeløb , dervarblevettildeltdem,fireharbrugtendelderaf,ogseks harikkegjortbrugafstøtten.Detikkeanvendterestbeløber blevettilbagebetalt tilKommissionen .m Deinterventionssatser ,deranvendesfordeenkeltepriori­ teter,afgøresogsåafderegionalepartnerskaber .Iforbin­ delsemeddeprogrammer ,sompånuværende tidspunkt støttesgennemstrukturfondene ,erdetnormaltmaksimums­ interventionssatserne ,derfinderanvendelse .Dissesatser reduceres ,nårdetdrejersigomindkomstskabende investe­ ringeroglavereprioriterede investeringer. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.710/93 afNicoleFontaine (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (7.april1993) (93/C280/94)SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.670/93 afThomasMegahy (S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (6.april1993) (93/C280/92) «Om:Punktafgifter foralkohol Ihenholdtilartikel22og23iRådetsdirektiv92/83/EØFaf 19.oktober1992omharmonisering afpunktafgiftsstruk­ turenforalkohologalkoholholdige drikkevarer i1)kander anvendes enreduceret satsfor: —ethanol (dvs.alkoholholdige drikke),derfremstilles af »smådestillerier «Om:Strukturfondene :delmålene HarKommissionen tilhensigtatanvendeenensartet interventionssats foralledelmålene ? \ SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.671/93 afThomasMegahy (S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (6.april1993)—enbestemtkategorirom,somfremstilles idefranske oversøiske departementer —spiritusmedanissmag ,somerbetegnet »ouzo«,dog udelukkende nårdenerfremstillet iGrækenland. Dissereducerede satserkansænkestil50%afdennormale nationalepunktafgiftssats foralkoholholdige drikkevarer. Ensådanbestemmelse erdiskriminerede ogharenmeget betydeligkonkurrenceforvridende virkningoverforalle andrealkoholholdige drikkevarer ,derforhandles imed­ lemsstaterne. KanKommissionen angive,hvilkenmængderenalkohol disseskattemæssigt begunstigede alkoholholdige drikkeva­(93/C280/93 Om:Strukturfondene :delmålene HvilketforholdharKommissionen tilhensigtatetablere mellemdeseksdelmål ? \\ 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/49 rerrepræsenterer iEF'ssamledeomsætning afalkoholhol digedrikkevarer ?SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afHansVandenBroeck (14.juni1993) (MEFTnr.L316af31.10.1992,s.21. SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afChristiane ScrivenerDeterrigtigt,atKommissionen ifebruariårtrafafgørelse om,atettyskbilateraltbistandsprojekt vedrørende to containerskibe varforeneligtmedFællesskabets konkurren­ ceregler. Kommissionen harderimodikkeselvgodkendt noget projektomleveringaftransportskibe ellernogetandet materielellertjenesteydelser ,somkunnetænkesanvendti militærtøjemed.(13.juli1993) Kommissionen erikkeibesiddelse afdennødvendige statistiktilatkunnegiveetpræcistsvarpådetstillede spørgsmål .Desudenvarierernavnligdesmådestilleriers produktion megetfraårtilår(medfleretusindehektoliter ) afhængigafhøstenafdefrugter,hvorpåproduktionen er baseret .Meddisseforbehold vurdererKommissionen det samledetal,somdetæredemedlemefterlyser ,tilatværeca. 300000hektoliter pr.år.SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.761/93 afMaartjevanPutten(S) tilRådetforDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (15.april1993) (93/C280/96) Om:Kvindelige flygtninge SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.747/93 afSérgioRibeiro (CG) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (15.april1993) (93/C280/95)1.KanRådetoplyse,hvilkekonkreteaktiviteter derer iværksattilgennemførelse aferklæringen ombehandlingen afmuslimske kvinderidettidligereJugoslavien (vedtaget i Edinburgh idecember 1992)? 2.ErdetogsåRådetsopfattelse ,atkvinderikkekunidet tidligereJugoslavien ,menisågodtsomenhverkrigssitua­ tionersærligsårbare,bådefordideerkvinder,ogpågrund afderesansvarforfamiliemedlemmer ogfremskaffelse af fødevarer ? 3.ErRådetklarover,atkvinderudgørca.80%afde mellem17og20mio.flygtninge iheleverden,ogatdeudgør ca.75%afdemennesker ,somerpåflugtidereseget land(])? 4.ErRådetvilligtilatgåibrechenforenændringafDe ForenedeNationers konvention (fra1951)omflygtninges status,såledesatdesærligeformerforforfølgelse ,kvinder udsættesforiformafkønsbestemt diskrimination ,vold, seksueludnyttelse ogkvindefjendske traditioner kanblive anerkendt somflugtårsager ogudvirketildelingafflygt­ ningestatus ?Om:Tyskudviklingsbistand tilIndonesien Ibegyndelsen affebruar1993stilledejegskriftligforespørg­ selnr.480/93tilRådetomvåbenhandel medIndonesien i forbindelse medenaftaleomeksportafvåbenfraForbunds­ republikken TysklandtilIndonesien .Senereinformationer harbekræftetdettespørgsmåls relevans,herunderkansler HelmuthKohlsbesøgiDjakartaogpåstanden om,atder findesenbesynderlig forpligtelse til,atdissevåbenikke anvendes iØsttimorellermodTimorsbefolkning. Detvidesnu,atKommissionen netophargodkendtentysk bistandtilIndonesien iformafetlånpåekstraordinært fordelagtige vilkårtilbygningaftoskibe. Jegstillerikkespørgsmålstegn vedforanstaltninger tilstøtte forudviklingen iudviklingslandene ,tværtimod ,menjegvil spørgeKommissionen ,omdennegodkendelse varimod­ stridmedEuropa-Parlamentets beslutninger omatknytte samarbejde tilrespekten formenneskerettighederne ,og genereltomØsttimor ,hvorderskervedvarende ,vold­ sommeoguafviselige krænkelser afmenneskerettighederne udendenfjernestehensyntagen tilhverkenlovogret,den offentligemeningiverdenelleretfolksrettilselvbestem­ melse?(l)Kilde:Congressional HumanRightsFoundation ,Washing­ ton. Svar (30.august1993) »Måjegmindedetæredemedlemomsvarenepåmundtlig forespørgsel ,medforhandling ,0-17/93ogmundtlig Nr.C280/50 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.869/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (23.april1993) (93/C280/98)spørgsmål0-70/93og0-163/93omsammeemne.Majeg ligeledesmindedetæredemedlemomsvarenepåspørgsmål nr.1237/92ognr.1241/92vedrørende flygtninge idet tidligereJugoslavien. DereroverFællesskabets budgettildelt1,8mio.ecutil projekter ,deriværksættes iforbindelse medWarburton­ rapporten .Medlemsstaterne hardesudenbådeenkeltvisog vedsamfinansiering ifællesskabsregi bidragettilrehabilite­ ringsprojekter. FN'sSikkerhedsråd besluttede ioverensstemmelse med resolution 808fraFN'sSikkerhedsråd enstemmigt den 25.maj1993atopretteeninternational krigsforbryder­ domstolmedhenblikpåretsforfølgelse afpersoner ,derer ansvarlige foralvorligekrænkelser affolkeretten idet tidligereJugoslavien .Om:Beskikkelse somadvokat Detafdommere bestående udvalgtiludnævnelse af dommere iAthennægteratudnævnedengræskeadvokat, Th.Papoulakos ,deralleredeerbeskikketsomadvokat i Rom.VilKommissionen visedennesaginteresseogforslåde græskemyndigheder ,atdenpågældende straksbliver beskikket somadvokat iAthen? (1)Dettesvarergivetafudenrigsministrene forsamletmedhenblik påDetPolitiskeSamarbejde ,hvorunder detteanliggende hører.SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afRanieroVannid'Archirafi (IS.juli1993) Kommissionen harkendskabtilTh.Papoulakos sag.Pådet pågældende tidspunkthavdehanikkefåettitelafadvokat i Italienogkunnederforikkepåberåbe sigdirektiv89/ 48/EØF(*)omengenerelordningforgensidiganerkendelse afeksamensbeviser forerhvervskompetencegivende videre­ gåendeuddannelser afmindsttreårsvarighed. SåfremtTh.Papoulakos nuvirkeligerbeskikket som advokat iRom,kanhanpåberåbesigdirektiv89/48/EØF, somiøvrigttilladermedlemsstaterne atkræve,atadvokater fraandremedlemsstater skalbeståenegnethedsprøve vedrørende retsvidenskaben iværtslandet ,nårderer væsentlige forskelle iuddannelserne (artikel4).SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.811/93 afPaulStaes(V) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (21.april1993) (93/C280/97) (MEFTnr.L19af21.1.1989.Om:Ødelæggelse afskovarealer iGrækenland JegtakkerKommissionen forsvaretpåminmundtlige forespørgsel nr.509/91(1).Isvaretanføresdet,atKommis­ sionenharanmodetdegræskemyndigheder omoplys­ ninger.KanKommissionen oplyse,hvilkeoplysninger man nuråderover? Hvilkekonklusioner dragerKommissionen afdissesupple­ rendeoplysninger ? (')Europa-Parlamentets forhandlinger nr.3-406(juni1991).SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.881/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (23.april1993) (93/C280/99)SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afYannisPaleokrassas (8.juli1993) Ifølgedeoplysninger ,degræskemyndigheder erfremkom­ metmed,erderindtilnuikketruffetnogenbeslutning om ophævelse affredningen afskovområderne omkringAthen. Degræskemyndigheder erigangmedennærmere undersøgelse afdetproblem ,somdeulovligtopførteboliger idisseområderfrembyder .Om:Nødvendigheden afatophævegræskelovbestemmel­ ser,dereristridmedinternationale arbejdsaftaler Dengræskeregeringslovændringer eristridmedde internationale ansættelsesaftaler (98/1949og87/1948)og udsætteriværksættelsen afdenationale kollektive overens­ komsterforoffentligeansatteomfattetafprivatret,for juridiskepersoneromfattetafoffentligretogforansattei organisationer indenforlokalforvaltningen .Lovændring­ ernefratagerendvidere densammekategoriarbejdstagere 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/51 af3.juli1967)ogerundertegnet afdennuværende premierminister ,Dehaene ,somdengangvarsocialminis­ ter.rettentilatindgåkollektive overenskomster ,fastsætter et loftforlønstigninger ogindførerbegrænsninger forlønbe­ villingerne tilarbejdstagerne indenfordenoffentligesektor, idetdereslønninger fastfrysespåsammeniveausomde tidligereår.HarKommissionen ilysetafovennævnte til hensigtatanmodeomophævelseafdisselovændringer ,som forbyderenhverformforforhandlinger ogdrøftelser ,der sigterpåenforbedring aflønforholdene forarbejdstagerne indenfordetoffentlige ,juridiskepersoneromfattetaf offentliglovogarbejdstagere iorganisationer indenfor lokalforvaltningen ?Depensionister ogførtidspensionister ,somersammenslut­ tetidenvallonskeafdelingafdentværfaglige organisation FGTB,kræverietdokument medtresforslag,derer fremlagtfornylig,atovennævnte kongelige anordning ophæveselleridetmindsteændres. Iberetningen tilkongen,udtalelsefrastatsrådet ogendog seksoverensstemmende dommefrakassationsretten siden september 1989sermanaføkonomiske grundebortfraden grundlæggende kendsgerning ,aterstatningen forfølgerneaf etmereellermindreudtalthandicap ,derofteforværres , somfølgeafsygdommen ellerskadenbegrænser det økonomiske tabbådeførogeftertidspunktet forpensio­ neringenogstyrkerlivsviljen ,navnligforsilicosepatien­ terne. KanKommissionen fordeenkeltemedlemsstater oplyse,om godtgørelsen isådannetilfældebetragtessometskatteplig­ tigtsupplement tilindkomsten ellersomenerstatning ,der ikkeskallæggessammenmedandreydelser,ogforelæggeen listeovererhvervssygdomme ogdebeløb,derudbetales i forbindelse hermedideenkeltelande,indbefattet den offentligesektor,ommuligtforregnskabsåret 1992?SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (X.juli1993) Defremsatteklagerovervisseretsaktervedrørerderes skadeligevirkninger pålønudviklingen idenoffentlige sektorogdehindringer ,somdisseretsakterudgørfor fagforeningsretten ,forforeningsretten ogforrettentil kollektiveforhandlinger imodstridmedILO'skonventio­ nernr.87og98. Daderikkefindesnogenfællesskabskabslovgivning påde berørteområder,kanKommissionen ikkegribeindoverfor Grækenland. Endvidere foretageskontrollen medgennemførelsen af internationale arbejdsstandarder ihenholdtilkontrolpro­ cedurerfastsatafILO,ogderfindesetsærligtklagesystem forenhvermanglende overholdelse afdegrundliggende arbejdsmarkedsmæssige ogsocialerettigheder. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.892/93 afErnestGlinne(S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (23.april1993) 93/C280/100SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (8.juli1993) Retningslinjerne forudbetaling aferstatning iforbindelse mederhvervssygdomme ognavnligskattebestemmelserne i forbindelse meddesocialeydelser,derudbetales idenne forbindelse ,henhørerikkeunderFællesskabets kompeten­ ceområde .Kommissionen kanderforikkegivedeoplys­ ninger,somdetæredeparlamentsmedlem anmoderom. Detskaldognævnes,atKommissionen tidligerehar vedtagettohenstillinger tilmedlemsstaterne omdette spørgsmål : —detførstevedrørervedtagelse afeneuropæisk listeover erhvervssygdomme ;tekstenblevvedtagetden23.juli 1962ogajourførtden22.maj1990(90/326/EØF)(a) —denandenvedrørervilkåreneforerstatning tilofrenefor erhvervssygdomme (66/462/EØF)(2),somblevvedtaget den9.juli1966,ogsomnavnligvedrørerbevisfor,at sygdomme ,derikkeermedtagetpådeneuropæiske liste, ererhvervsbetingede. Detfremgårdogafdesammenlignende oversigter overde socialesikringsordninger imedlemsstaterne (socialsikringi Fællesskabets medlemsstater ,statuspr.1.juli1992og udviklingen heri),atallemedlemsstater medundtagelse afOm:Medlemsstaternes lovgivninger ogbestemmelser om erstatning iforbindelse mederhvervssygdomme Ihenholdtilkongeligeanordning af13.januar1983(den belgiskestatstidende af16.april1987),udstedtsomledide særligebeføjelser ,dergiverregeringen enubestridtfortrins­ stilling,omsammenlægningen afalderspensionen ogydelser iforbindelse mederhvervssygdomme ellerarbejdsulykker betragtesgodtgørelsen fordenlidteskadeikkesomen erstatning fordenforvoldtetort,mensomenyderligere indkomst ,hvilketindebærer ,atalleden»ydelsesberettige­ des«indkomster underlægges beskatning ,elleratdersker fradragheri.Ovennævnte kongeligeanordning ændrerde kodificerede loveaf3.juni1970(denbelgiskestatstidende Nr.C280/52 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 Nederlandene ,derikkeharenspecielgrenforarbejdsulyk­ kerogerhvervssygdomme ideressocialebeskyttelsesord­ ning,anvenderlisterovererhvervssygdomme .uacceptable boligerogstillekravtildeberørtemedlemssta­ teromattagekonkreteskridttilatløsedetteproblem ? SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (8.juli1993)Medhensyntilbeskatning aferstatning itilfældeaf arbejdsulykker ellererhvervssygdomme serdetudtil,atder skalbetalesindkomstskat afensådanerstatning ienrække medlemsstater (Belgien ,Danmark ,SpanienogLuxem­ bourg). Kommissionen erklaroverproblemet medboligerafelendig standard ,somdetæredeparlamentsmedlem henvisertil, menråderikkeovernogenspecifikkompetence påbolig­ området .Derforeliggerikkenogenopdelingpådeenkeltesygdomme afudgifterne tilsocialsikring.DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers StatistiskeKontoroffentliggør dataomdesamledeudgifter tilarbejdsulykker ogerhvervssygdomme. Detersåledesudelukkende medlemsstaternes opgaveat nedbringe antalletafellerheltfjernedeboliger,derikke opfylderdegældendekrav.(')EFTnr.L160af26.6.1990. (2)EFTnr.L147af9.8.1966. Kommissionen deltageriuformellemøderimedlemsstater­ nesboligministerier ,ogdenervedatfremmeetudveks­ lingsprogram ,derskalgøredetmuligtformedlemsstaterne attagehensyntilerfaringerne påeuropæisk planved fastlæggelsen oggennemførelsen afderesnationaleboligpo­ litik.SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.893/93 afGerardoFernåndez-Albor (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (23.april1993) (93/C280/101) SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.912/93 \ Om:Bortsanering afboligermedenelendigboligstandard i EFafHemmoMuntingh (S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (27.april1993) (93/C280/102) EFeretafderigesteområder iverden,menvimåalligevel ikkeglemme,atderogsåherlevermennesker undervilkår, omhvilkebetegnelsen fattigdomikkeslårtil,menhvorman ernødttilatgåsåvidtsomtilattaleomdenrene elendighed .Om:ProjektersomskalmodtagestøtteafSamhørigheds­ fonden KanKommissionen fremlægge enlisteoveralledeprojekter , tilhvilkemedlemsstaterne indtilnuharansøgtomstøttefra Samhørighedsfonden ?Herkannævnesdebeklagelige boligforhold ,somtusinder afEF-borgere leverunder,idetderesboligerikkeopfylder selvdeabsolutmindstekrav,ethvertmenneske med rimelighed kanstilletilsinbolig.AleneiSpanienhardet nationalestatistiskekontorregistreret 12000boligermed enuacceptabel standard .Disseboligererikkeudstyretmed nogenformforsanitæreinstallationer ellerrindendevand, ogdertrængerfugtogvandindihuseneietsådantomfang, atdebliverubeboelige .Mangemennesker erimidlertid tvungettilatboundersådanneforhold,fordideikkehar andremuligheder .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1106/93 afJoséValverdeLopez(PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (10.april1993) (93/C280/103) Om:Foreløbige listeroverprojekter ,somSpanienhar forelagtSamhørighedsfondenDetsigersigselv,atEF,indendetpåtagersigambitiøse økonomiske programmer ,børvisesigsolidarisk meddisse mennesker ogierkendelse af,atderfindessåelendige boligernoglestederiFællesskabet ,børgøreenindsatsforat kommedetteproblemtillivsogsørgefor,atalleEF-borgere harenværdigbolig.Detfremgårafpressen,atSpaniensregeringalleredehar sendtKommissionen »foreløbige listeroverprojektertil Samhørighedsfonden «. Hvorledes vilFællesskabet efterKommissionens opfattelse kunnemindskeantalletal,ellerendogheltbortsanere ,disse KanKommissionen giveoplysning omdisselister? 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/53 SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1249/93 afIsidoroSånchezGarcia (ARC) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (18.maj1993)Aftalenforudser,atFællesskabet yderBulgarien teknisk bistandmedhenblikpåoprettelse afeteffektivtsocialt sikkerhedssystem .Hvilken »socialmodel«vilbliveanvendt somsammenligningsgrundlag iforbindelse meddenne bistand,ogefterhvilkepraktiskemodaliteter vildenblive gennemført ? (93/C280/104) SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afsirLeonBrittanOm:Spanskeprojekter ,derfinansieres viaSamhørigheds­ fonden KanKommissionen gøreredefordeprojekter ,somer forelagtafSpanienmedhenblikpåeventuelfinansiering via samhørighedsinstrumentet ogdenfremtidige Samhørig­ hedsfond ? SamletsvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPeterSchmidhuber påskriftligforespørgsel nr.912/93,nr.1106/93ognr.1249/93 (4.august1993) Kommissionen råderendnuikkeoverfortegnelser over fuldstændige ogdefinitiveprojekterfornogenafdelande, dermodtagerstøttefradetfinansielle samhørighedsinstru ­ ment,hvisgennemførelsesforordning (Rådetsforordning (EØF)nr.792/93)harværetikraftsidenden1.april 1993(!). Dengøropmærksom på,atKommissionens afgørelser om vedtagelse afprojekteroffentliggøres iDeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende. EFTnr.L79af1.4.1993.(22.juni1993) Ihenholdtilartikel110iEuropaaftalen medBulgarienkan Associeringsrådet træffebeslutning omatnedsætteethvert andetudvalgellersærorgantilatbistådetmedatløsesine opgaver. Ifælleserklæring nr.17iEuropaaftalen tagesdersærligt højdeforAssocieringsrådets undersøgelse afmuligheden for atopretteenrådgivende mekanisme beståendeafmedlem­ merafEF'sØkonomiske ogSocialeUdvalgsamttilsvarende bulgarskeparter.Oprettelseafensådanmekanisme vilførst kunnefindested,nårEuropaaftalen ertrådtikraft,dvs. efteratalledenødvendige ratificeringsprocedurer erblevet gennemført. Fællesskabsrettens principper hvadangåroffentligevirk­ somheder erangivet iartikel90iEØF-traktaten .De omhandler navnligoverholdelse afprincippet omforbud modforskelsbehandling ,såledessomdeterudtrykti artikel7,samtoverholdelse afkonkurrencereglerne ,derer indeholdt iartikel85til94. Hvadangårtredjedelafspørgsmålet ,henviserKommissio -' nentilovenstående svar.Indførelse afmarkedsøkonomi kan ikkeadskillesfraoprettelseafetpassendesocialsystem .I artikel1iaftalengøressamarbejdet pådetsocialeområde såledestiletafmåleneforassocieringen medBulgarien .Det socialesamarbejde kanfortolkessåbredt,atdetomfatter indledningen afensocialdialogmedFællesskabets bistand. Iforbindelse meddenfagligebistandtilBulgarien med henblikpåoprettelse afetsocialtsikkerhedssystem ,der passertillandetsnyeøkonomiske ogsocialesituation ,har Kommissionen ikketilhensigtatforeslåeteksisterende systemfraenmedlemsstat sommodel.Tværtimod erdet vigtigtatvisedecentrale-ogøsteuropæiske landeden mangfoldighed afsystemer ,derfindesiFællesskabet ,såde fårmulighedforatvælgenetopdetsystem,derserudtilat passebedsttilderessærligebetingelser. Bistanden skaldesudenydesihenholdtilEF'sstrategiom overensstemmelse mellemmåleneogpolitikken forsocial beskyttelse ,somblevformaliseret iRådetshenstilling 92/442/EØF,hvoriderblevfastsatenrækkefællesmålsæt­ ningerformedlemsstaternes politikforsocialbeskyttelse underbevarelseafrespekten fordenationalesystemers autonomi ogforskellighed. Detvaridenneånd,atKommissionen den18.og 19.februar1993afholdtetseminariBudapest ,hvordetolv EF-staters ledendeembedsmænd medansvarforsocial beskyttelse mødtesmedderesmodparter fradecentral-og østeuropæiske lande.Seminaret hargjortdetmuligtatSKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.919/93 afRaymonde Dury(S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (27.april1993) (93/C280/105) Om:Europæisk aftalemedBulgarien HarKommissionen tilhensigtattageetinitiativmed henblikpåatindlededenforudsetesocialedialog(Associe­ ringsrådets oprettelseafenrådgivende mekanisme ilighed medØSU)? i Bulgarienbøranvendefællesskabsrettens principper hvad angåroffentligevirksomheder .Hvilkeerdisseprincipper ? (Detbørhertagesadnotam,at95%afdenbulgariske industriernationaliseret ). AnserKommissionen envirkeligsocialdialogidepågæl­ dendelandeforetvigtigtdemokratisk kriteriumogvilden tagehensynhertiliforbindelse mediværksættelsen af associeringen ? Nr.C280/54 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 fastlæggedeprioriterede hovedlinjer foretsamarbejde på detteområde .DublinsogShannonslufthavneharfåetatvide,atdeikke kankøbevarer,selvomdeflyverpåruterindenforEF?Det indremarkedskullegåudpåatfjernehindringer ,mendenne grupperejsendeserudtilatbefindesigienværresituation endførdetindremarked .VilKommissionen venligst forklare,hvorfordetteertilfældet ?SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.922/93 afGodelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (27.april1993)SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afChristiane Scrivener (93/C280/106)(IS.juli1993) Kommissionen vilgernepåpegeoverfordetæredemedlem, atRådetbesluttede atbibeholde detafgiftsfrie salgi forbindelse medrejserindenforEFindtilden30.juni1999. Etsådantafgiftsfritsalgtilrejsendeerhjemletidenvedtagne lovgivning (artikel28k,isjettemomsdirektiv (a)somændret veddirektiv91/680/EØF(2)ogartikel28idirektiv91/ 12/EØF(3)omdengenerelleordningforpunktafgiftsplig­ tigevarer,omoplægning ogomsætning herafsamtom kontrolhermed (3)). Detbørbemærkes ,atselvførden1.januar1993havde medlemsstaterne begrænset flybesætningers toldfrieratio­ nerioverensstemmelse medfællesskabslovgivningen til niveauer,derlåetgodtstykkeunderdeniveauer,dergælder forandrerejsende. Denpraktiskegennemførelse ogkontrollen medoverhol­ delsenafdissenyebestemmelser varetagesafmedlemssta­ terne.Om:Patentret 1.KanKommissionen oplyse,hvorvidtopfinderne , navnligrepræsenteret gennemderescentralorganisation AEI(Europæisk AktionforUddannelse ,Opfindelse og Innovation ),hardeltagetidethidtidigearbejdeiforbindelse medeuropæiskpatentret (f.eks.Miinchen -ogLuxembourg­ konventionen )? 2.Erderiforbindelse medkommende forhandlinger på detteområdeforudsetenstørremedvirken fradennevigtige erhvervsgruppes side? SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afRanieroVannid'Archirafi (14.juli1993) Somsvarpådetafdetæredemedlemrejstespørgsmål kan detpræciseres ,atcentralorganisationen AEIikkehar deltaget ideforhandlinger ,derførtetilindgåelsen af Miinchen-konventionen af1973ommeddelelse afeuropæ­ iskepatenter,ogejhelleriforhandlingerne vedrørende Luxembourg-konventionen af1975omEF-patenter .Men underdissetoforhandlinger hardeinteresser ,somcentral­ organisationen AEIharforsvaret ,væretvaretagetafIFIA, DenInternationale Opfinderforening. HvadangårKommissionens fremtidige aktionerindenfor patentområdet erdetbestemtKommissionens hensigtat tagekontaktmedalleberørtekredsefordervedatfåenså omfattende konsultation sommuligt.Opfinderorganisatio ­ ner,ogherundernavnligAEI,kansåledesmanifestere sigog fremkomme medbidragtilKommissionen forslagpådette område .(')EFTnr.L145af13.6.1977. (2)EFTnr.L376af31.12.1991. (3)EFTnr.L76af23.3.1992. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.952/93 afCristianaMuscardini (NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (29.april1993) (93/C280/108 SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.928/93 afMaryBanotti (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (29.april1993) (93/C280/107Om:EF-erhvervsuddannelsesstøtte KanKommissionen gøreredefor,efterhvilkekrite­ rierforvaltningen ogadministrationen afEF-støtten til erhvervsuddannelse kontrolleres ? ErKommissionen bekendtmed,atdennestøtteistadig stigendegradergenstandforskandaler ogbedragerier i Italien,fornyligiSondrio ? KanKommissionen forklare,hvorforsådannebedragerier forekommer ,oghvadagterdenatgøreforatforhindre dem?Om:Toldfrierationerforluftfartsselskabers piloteri Irland Luftfartsselskabers piloteriIrlanderaftold-ogskattemyn­ dighederne blevetorienteretom,atdefraden1.januar1993 ikkelængereharrettilentoldfriration,menhvordankan Kommissionen acceptere ,atpiloterne idetoldfriebutikker i 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/55 samfinansieres afESF,påhvilermedlemsstaterne ,somskal rådeovertilstrækkelige ogeffektivestrukturer .Dettevigtige punktunderstreges iartikel23,stk.1,iRådetsforordning (EØF)nr.4253/88,somernævntovenfor. Ihenholdtilbestemmelserne iartikel23iRådetsforordning (EØF)nr.4253/88modtagerKommissionen oplysninger fra dekompetente nationalemyndigheder omdeuregelmæssig­ heder,derforekommer iforbindelse medaktioner,der samfinansieres afDenEuropæiske Socialfond .Kommissio­ nenfårendvidere viaandrekildermeddelelse omuregel­ mæssigheder oganmoderdekompetente nationaleorganer omofficielleoplysninger. Kommissionen harfradenitalienskeregeringmodtageten listeoveraktioner,deriLombardiet ergenstandforen retsundersøgelse ,medangivelseafforanstaltning ,indgået forpligtelse ogudbetaltbeløbsamtnavnepådeberørte aktører.Kommissionen kandogikke,damedlemsstaterne forvalterprogrammerne ,afgøre,hvorvidtdepågældende aktørerharudvikletuddannelsesaktioner iSondrio-provin­ sen. Kommissionen mener,atderherertaleomenkompetence , derhenhører underdenationale domstole .Kommissionen hartilhensigtatstyrkesinaktionforatforbedreforvaltning afsamttilsynogkontrolmederhvervsuddannelsesaktio ­ nerneiheleFællesskabet .SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (20.juli1993) Kommissionens kontrolmederhvervsuddannelseskurser , dersamfinansieres afESF,skerpågrundlagafRådets forordning (EØF)nr.4235/88(1),ognavnligstk.2inævnte artikel. Medlemsstaterne skalforatsikresig,ataktionerne eri overensstemmelse medgældende juridiskebestemmelser bådepånationaltplanogpåfællesskabsplan ,rådeoveret effektivtforvaltnings -ogkontrolsystem .Kommissionen udøversinkontrolgennemverifikationer ,derhartilformål atsikrevaliditeten afdeforvaltningssystemer ,sommed­ lemsstaterne gennemfører pånationalt ,regionaltoglokalt plan. Kommissionen harforatsikrevaliditeten afdettesystem gennemført etårligtprogramforkontrolpåstedet i medlemsstaterne ,eventuelt isamarbejde meddenationale , regionaleellerlokalemyndigheder ,sommedlemsstaterne harudpeget .Detteårligeprogram ,deromfatterplanlagt dato,stedogfastlagtemålsætninger ,sendesibegyndelsen af årettildeforskellige nationaleadministrationer ,somigivet faldunderretter deregionaleellerlokalemyndigheder. Denmetodologi ,deranvendes iforbindelse meddenne kontrol,erbaseretpå:0)EFTnr.L374af31.12.1988. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.982/93 afPeterPrice(PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (29.april1993) 93/C280/109)—efterprøvning afsystemet,navnligafteknikkerne til udtagelseafstatistiskeprøver,krydstests ogundersøgel­ serafinformationsstrømmene mellemdeforskellige aktørerpålokalt,regionaltognationaltplanogmellem denenkeltemedlemsstat ogFællesskabet —godkendelse ,iforbindelse medhvilkenderiKommis­ sionensprogramforkontrolpåstedetlæggessærligvægt pågodkendelsesprocedurerne ogprocedurerne for anmodning omudbetaling afrestbeløb ;godkendelsen kontrolleres ogsåindenforrammerneafkontrollen med medlemsstaternes finansielle kredsløb i1991 —analyseaf,hvorvidtdeaktionerogudgifter,somde nationale ,regionaleoglokaleadministrationer indsen­ deriforbindelse meddeoperationelle programmer ,er berettiget tilstøttefraESF. Sidenreformen afstrukturfondene harKommissionen indførtetstrengerekontrolsystem ,derharmedførtsane­ ringsforanstaltninger ,deralleredeergennemført inogle regioner. Efterreformenafstrukturfondene godkender Kommissio­ nenikkelængereprojekter ,menflerårigeoperationelle programmer ,deromfatteretvarierende antalforanstalt­ ningerogaktioner .Hovedansvaret forkontrol,dersikrer gennemførelse aferhvervsuddannelsesaktionerrie samten godfinansielforvaltning afdeinterventionsformer ,derOm:Detnyenødopkaldsnummer iEF Fællesskabets nyenødopkaldsnummer (112)blevindførti vissemedlemsstaters telefonsystemer forrigeår.Belgien, Danmark ,Tyskland ,Italien,Luxembourg ogDetForenede Kongerige haralleredeindførtnummeret ,medensde resterende medlemsstater agteratindføredetinden 1996. Direktivet herom (91/396/EØF(l))indeholder ingen bestemmelse omflersproget omstilling .Enaffordeleneved detnyeparallellenummerer,atkunder,somharbrugfor sproglighjælp,vilkunnebrugedet.HarKommissionen planeromatsikre,atmedlemsstaterne tagerhensyntilde forskellige sprogiFællesskabet vedatsørgeforflersproget omstilling ? (!)EFTnr.L217af6.8.1991,s.31. Nr.C280/56 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 2.HvilkeplanerharKommissionen omenindsatspå detteområde ?SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afMartinBangemann (12.juli1993) SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afAbelMatutes (13.juli1993)Ifølgebeslutning 91/396/EØFskalopkaldtilalarmnumme­ retbesvaresogbehandleshensigtsmæssigt .Beslutningen går imidlertidikkesålangtsomtilatstillekravomsprogkund­ skaber(hvadderblevforlangtibådedetoprindelige ogde ændredeforslagfraKommissionen ),daenrækkemedlems­ staterhavdeforbehold overforensådanbestemmelse. Grundenvar,atdetekniskeogadministrative løsninger , somkrævesforatgøresprogproblemet mindstmuligt, nødvendigvis måttegennemføres gradvist,menatdetteikke skullehindre,at112blevindførtførst.1.Kommissionen kankunerklæresigtilfredsmed medlemsstaternes gældendelovevedrørende blyindholdet i benzin,somervedtagetindenforrammerne afRådets direktiv85/210/EØF(]). Markedetforblyfribenzinharudvikletsigbl.a.somfølgeaf deafgiftsmæssige incitamenter ,visseEF-medlemsstater benytterforatfremmebrugenafblyfribenzin.Denne udviklingforventesatfortsætte ,eftersomallenyemotor­ køretøjerfraogmedden1.januar1993skalværeudstyret medkatalysator ,hvortilderudelukkende kanbenyttes blyfribenzin. Ifølgetildesenestestatistiske oplysninger ,Kommissionen råderover,udgjordedenblyfriebenzinsandeli1992cirka 47%afEF'ssamledebenzinforbrug. DogerdermellemEF-medlemsstaterne indbyrdes meget storforskelmedhensyntildenblyfriebenzinsmarkedsan­ del,idetdennevariererfraunder10%tilover80%. 2.Kommissionen følgerløbendeudviklingen idenbly­ friebenzinsindtrængen påmarkedet ,mendenharingen umiddelbare planeromhandlingpådetteområde. Kommissionen serdoggerne,atdemedlemsstater ,hvorden blyfribenzinsprocentvise andelerringe,træfferyderligere foranstaltninger tilatsikreenstørreudbredelse afdenne benzin.Atdetervigtigt,atensamletløsningomfatterpassende sprogkundskaber blevanerkendt medindsættelsen afføl­ gendebetragning ibeslutning 91/396/EØF: »Detvilidenforbindelse væreønskeligt ,atderunder hensyntagen tildeforskellige nationalesystemersmulig­ hedergøresenindsatsforatmindskedeforståelsesvan­ skeligheder ,derkanopståpågrundafforskelle i sprogkundskaber .« Detfremgårafuformellekontakter ,atfleremedlemsstater ogEFTA-lande ,derogsåeromfattetafbeslutningen ,faktisk bestræber sigpåatsikre,atsprogproblemerne blivermindst mulige.Devedtagneellerplanlagte løsningeromfatter følgende : detskalsikres,atoperatørerne påalarmnummeret kan klarealleeuropæiske sprog derskalværemulighedforatkonfereremedinternatio­ naleoperatører ,derharpassendesprogkundskaber derskalværemulighedforatkonfereremedtolke,der indgårientelefontolketjeneste . (MEFTnr.L96af3.4.1985,s.25. Somlediovervågningen afmedlemsstaternes gennemførelse afEF'stelekommunikationslovgivning skriverKommissio­ nentilmedlemsstaterne forbl.a.atkonstatere ,hvilke sprogkundskaber derstillestilrådighedellerplanlægges på baggrundafdenherciteredebetragtning .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1017/93 afCarlosRoblesPiquer(PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (4.maj1993) (93/C280/111 SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1006/93 aflordO'Hagan (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (3.maj1993) 93/C280/110Om:Bioteknologi iCuba Ifølgeoplysninger idebrasilianske aviser»OGlobo«og »EstadodeSaoPaulo«hardetnationale sundhedsinstitut besluttetatskaffesigafmedfemmillionervaccinermod meningitis afB-typen,fordideskønnesikkeatbeskytteden brasilianske befolkning effektivtmoddennesygdom .De pågældende vaccinererindkøbtiCuba. Ifølgepræsidenten forovennævnte institutnedsattedettei 1992envidenskabelig komité,somefterathaveundersøgt vaccinerne nåedefremtildennævntekonklusion .Samtidig harCarlosMorel—dererchefforforskningsinstituttetOm:Blyibenzin 1.Erlovgivningen omblyindholdet ibenzinideenkelte medlemsstater efterKommissionens opfattelse tilstrække­ lig? 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/57 medicin,derreddermenneskeliv —atdeternødvendigt med etEF-direktiv ,derforpligtersundhedsmyndighederne iEF's medlemsstater tilatudleveresådanlivsvigtig medicin fuldstændig gratistilubemidlede ?»OswaldoCruz«—erklæret,atBrasilienmeddetteindkøb harlidtettabpå50mio.US$,ogattransaktionen muligvis ersketunderkritisableomstændigheder ,idethandelenblev indgåetafLuisRomeroFarias,pådaværende tidspunkt højtstående embedsmand isundhedsministeriet ogbrortil denperson,deroptrådtesomstråmandfordendaværende præsident ,CollordeMelo. s KanKommissionen pådennebaggrund ogilysetafden hidtilalmindelige antagelse ,atbioteknologien eretafde videnskabelige områder,hvorCubahargjortvissefrem­ skridt,fremkomme medyderligere oplysninger omdenne sagogiøvrigttilkendegive sinholdningtilspørgsmålet om dennefaktiskesituation idecubanskelaboratorier ,der fremstiller dissevacciner ?x SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (8.juli1993) Problemet omkringdedårligststilledesadgangtillægebe­ handlinghenhørerikkeunderFællesskabets specifikke kompetenceområder ,ogdetermedlemsstaternes opgaveat træffepassendeforanstaltninger pådetteområde. SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afManuelMarin (28.juni1993) Detafdetæredemedlemrejstespørgsmål henhørerikke underFællesskabets kompetence .Itohenstillinger fraRådetopfordres medlemsstaterne imidlertid tilatforbedrederessocialbeskyttelsesordninger pådetteområde (Rådetshenstilling af27.juli1992om overensstemmelse mellemmåleneogpolitikken forsocial beskyttelse 0),Rådetshenstilling af24.juni1992omfælles kriterieriforbindelse medsikringaftilstrækkelige indtægter ogydelserfrasocialbeskyttelsesordninger i1)). SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1037/93 afAlexSmith(S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (4.maj1993)Kommissionen vedtogendvidereden23.december1992en meddelelse omsocialmarginalisering (Modetsolidaritetens Europa—Intensivering afkampenmodsocialudstødelse , fremmeafintegrationen (2)),hvoridermindesom,at sundhederetafdeområder ,påhvilkesocialmarginalisering kanfindested,ogbehovetforatfremmebekæmpelsen af socialmarginalisering påalleområderunderstreges .(93/C280/112) Om:TACIS-programmet Hvilkefremskridt erdergjorti1993forsomledi TACIS-programmet atomstilleforsvarsorienterede indu­ striertilcivilproduktion ?Hvorstorebevillinger erderafsat tildetteprogram,oghvilkeselskaber iFællesskabet erpå kontaktbasis involveret heri?(')EFTnr.L245af26.8.1992. (2)Dok.KOM(92 )542endeligudg. SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afsirLeonBrittan (12.juli1993) Kommissionen senderdirektetildetæredemedlemog Europa-Parlamentets Generalsekretariat etskemamedde ønskedeoplysninger .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1088/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilRådetforDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (10.maj1993) (93/C280/114) SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1069/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (6.maj1993) (93/C280/113)Om:Beskyttelse afbørniIrak TreårefterFN'sSikkerhedsråds beslutning omatindføre embargooverforIrakerfarerdetinternationale samfund ,at over2000børnhverugedørafsult,utilstrækkelig medicinisk forsorgogmangelpårentvand.Frakrisens begyndelse tilnuregnermanmed,atfiremillionerbørni alderenfra5til12årharmistetlivet.MenerRådetderfor ikke,atEFafmenneskelige årsagerbørtræffeforanstalt­ ningermedhenblikpåenfornyetbehandling afembargo­t Om:Livsvigtigmedicin SynesKommissionen ibetragtning afdehøjepriserpå medicinpådeteuropæiske marked—navnligpåden Nr.C280/58 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 spørgsmålet samtydelseafhjælpiformafmedicinog fødevarer ,idetmindstetilbørnene ,deriøjeblikketmangler dennødvendige forsorg?Enspecialuddannet sygeplejerske vilværeomfattetaf direktiv89/48/EØF,såfremtvedkommendes kvalifikationer byggerpåmindsttreårsuddannelse påhøjtniveau.Erdet ikketilfældet,vilvedkommende væreomfattetafdirektiv 92/5l/EØF. * Svar(1) (30.august1993) Jeghenviserdetæredemedlemtilsvarpåspørgsmål H-684/93omsammeemne.Detbritiskeerhvervsomhjemmesygeplejerske erikke selvstændigt reguleret inogetdirektivogvilderfor,ligesom specialuddannede sygeplejersker ,væreomfattetafoven­ nævntegenerelleordning,nåradgangen tilatudøve erhvervet iværtslandet erbetingetafandrekvalifikationer enddem,dererfastsatidirektiv77/452/EØFeller80/ 154/EØF(jordemødre )(5).Såfremterhvervetsomhjemme­ sygeplejerske iDetForenedeKongerige byggerpåentreårig uddannelse påhøjtniveau,erdetomfattetafdirektiv(*)Dettesvarergivetafudenrigsministrene forsamletmedhenblik påDetPolitiskeSamarbejde ,hvorunder detteanliggende hører. 89/48/EØF. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1102/93DetæredemedlemhenvisesogsåtilKommissionens svarpå skriftligforespørgsel nr.1024/92(6)afCushnahan samtde mundtligeforespørgsler nr.55(afGeragthy )(7)ognr.92(af Banotti )(8).Detæredemedlemvilbemærke ,atderi1991 ikkevarstøtteframedlemsstaterne tiletdirektivforslag om sygeplejespecialer somf.eks.psykiatriogpædiatri .afAnitaPollack (S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (10.maj1993) (93/C280/115)(!)EFTnr.L176af15.7.1977. (2)EFTnr.L385af31.12.1981;EFTnr.L341af23.11. 1989. (3)EFTnr.L19af24.1.1989. (4)EFTnr.L209af24.7.1992. (s)EFTnr.L33af11.2.1980. (6)EFTnr.C274af22.10.1992. (7)H-610/92. (8)H-467/92. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1192/93 afMarcGalle(S) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (13.maj1993) (93/C280/116Om:Anerkendelse afkvalifikationer ErKommissionen bekendtmed,atderikkeeksisterernogen EF-anerkendelse afefteruddannelses -ogspecialiseringskva­ lifikationer forsygeplejersker .Dettebetyder,atderikkeer nogenEF-aftalevedrørende pædiatriske ogpsykiatriske sygeplejekvalifikationer ,ejhellerforsundhedsplejersker , somerspecieltkvalificerede ,hardenlængstesygeplejeud­ dannelse iDetForenedeKongerige ogeranerkendt somet selvstændigt fag.Flvilkeplanerharmanmedhenblikpåat udvikleengenerelEF-anerkendelse fordisseerhverv? SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afRanieroVannid'Archirafi (14.juli1993) Selvomdirektiv77/452/EØFog77/453/EØF(J)medsenere ændringer (2)aleneomfattersygeplejersker medansvarfor denalmenesundheds -ogsygepleje ,understreger Kommis­ sionen,atspecialuddannede sygeplejersker ,somønskerat gørebrugafderesspecialeienmedlemsstat ,hvorudøvelsen afetspecialeerbetingetafsærligekvalifikationer ,falderind underbestemmelserne ietafdirektiverne omindførelse af engenerelordningforanerkendelse aferhvervsuddannelser (direktiv89/48/EØF(3)og92/5l/EØF(4)). Værtslandet erihenholdtildissedirektiverforpligtettilat anerkende fagligekvalifikationer erhvervet ienanden medlemsstat udfradenbetragtning ,atsåfremtkvalifikatio­ nerneertilstrækkelige tiludøvelseafeterhverviétland,bør deligeledesværetilstrækkelige tiludøvelsen afdetsamme erhverviværtslandet .Idirektiverne erdernaturligvis taget højdeforafhjailpning afvæsentlige uddannelsesmæssige forskelle .Om:Udvekslingsprogram forungeSESAM Ijanuarnummeret afEuropa-Parlamentets fransksprogede informationsblad »Tribunepourl'Europe «redegøresderi enartikelpådenmellemste sideforEF'sudviklingsprogram ­ mer. SommedlemafUdvalgetomKultur,Ungdom ,Uddannelse ogMedierharjegnaturligvis kendskab tilERASMUS , LINGUA ,EUROFORM ogPETRA .Mendetnævnte programSESAM (Stageseuropéens enalternance dansles métiers)ermigfuldstændig ubekendt. Kommissionen bedesmeddele,hvornårdetteprogram bliveriværksat,hvorimålsætningerne består,ogforhvilken målgruppe detblevoprettet. 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/59 menneskerettighedssituationen iUnionen Myanmar (Burma).Herinævneshensynsløs etniskudrensning af snesevisafkulturellemindretal ,militærstyrkernes massive magtposition (Statsrådet forgenoprettelse aflovogorden —påengelskogsåforkortettilSLORC),kraftigtilsidesæt­ telse—navnlig i1988og1990ogfremtilidag—afde demokratiske strømninger ,neutralisering gennemhusarrest afoppositionslederen Au,ngSanSuuKyi,tvangsarbejde , tortur,voldtægtosv.Verdenssamfundet harnærmestdet døveøretilanmodninger omhjælpfrasyvNobelprismod­ tagere,DalaiLamaogetantalfremstående burmesiske borgere (herunderdenburmesiske udenrigsminister ),somi anledningafetmødeveddentibetansk-burmesiske grænse badomfrigivelseafdepolitskefanger(SLORCharsomen gestusfrigivetca.1700almindelige fanger...),genindsæt­ telseafAungSanSuuKyiihendesborgerlige rettigheder , vedtagelse afenøkonomisk embargoogstandsning af våbenleveringer. HvilkenholdningindtagerEPStilovennævnte rapportfra FN'sMenneskerettighedskommission ogdenappel,som fremstående personligheder harrettettilverdenssamfundet , navnligmedhensyntildensituation ,somoppositionslede­ renAungSanSuuKyi,modtagerafEuropa-Parlamentets Sakharovpris ,befindersigi?SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPadraigFlynn (8.juli1993) SESAMeretprojektsomgennemføres indenforrammerne affællesskabsinitiativet EUROFORM (Menneskelige res­ sourcer),ogsomvedrørerfagligintegrering ogforberedelse afungearbejdstagere indenforhåndværkerfagene påde ændringer ,somgennemførelsen afdetindremarkedvil medføre .Projektethartilformålatudviklesvendeuddan­ nelsermedeneuropæisk dimension .Efteratdeungeideres egetlandharfåetenalternerende ,grundlæggende erhvervs­ uddannelse ,tilbringerdeenpraktikperiode påtimåneder i enandenmedlemsstat ,hvordeskifteviserienvirksomhed ogpåetuddannelsescenter .Dekanherudviklederesfaglige kunnenogforbedrederessprogligeogkulturelleviden,idet måleteratgivederesuddannelse enfællesskabsdimen­ sion. Uddannelsen henvender sigtil1200ungemellem18og25 år,someribesiddelse aletbevisfor,atdeharfulgten alternerende ,grundlæggende erhvervsuddannelse (europæ­ iskniveauIIogniveauIII). Iforbindelse medprojektettilbydesensprogligogsocio­ kulturelforberedelse (tomåneder);arbejdeienvirksomhed ogerhvervsuddannelse (ottemåneder iudlandet);validering ogudstedelseafbevisfordeltagelse ipraktik,opfølgning og kombinering medetveludviklet vejledningssystem. Projektet ,deriførsteomganggennemføres iBelgien, Tyskland ,Spanien,FrankrigogItalien,skullepålidt længeresigtkunneudvidestildeandremedlemsstater .Det tværnationale aspekterbaseretpåudveksling aflærere, kursusdeltagere ,erfaring,overførselafmetodologier ,fælles forskning ,uddannelse ellerfællesbeskæftigelsesfremmende foranstaltninger. Foryderligereoplysninger bedesdetæredeparlamentsmed­ lemrettehenvendelse til:Svar (30.august1993) Ministère del'Artisanat ,duCommerce etdelaConsom­ mation DanielPerrin 24,ruedel'Université 75007Paris tlf.(1)45562424;fax(I)45564799DetEuropæiske Fællesskab ogdetsmedlemsstater harnøje fulgtsituationen iBurmaogharaktivtdeltagetiinterna­ tionalebestræbelser påatlæggeprespådeburmesiske myndigheder forattvingedemtilatforbedremenneskeret­ tighedssituationen iBurmaogiværksætte demokratiske og økonomiske reformer. Somsvarpådenburmesiske regeringspolitikharFælles­ skabetogdetsmedlemsstater truffetenrækkeforanstalt­ ninger,sombl.a.indebærer indstillingafalleikke-humani­ tærehjælpeprogrammer ,afbrydelse afforbindelserne på forsvarsområdet ogfuldstændigt forbudmodvåbensalg. Dergøresdesudenopmærksom på,atFællesskabet ogdets medlemsstater forelagdeogvarenafinitiativtagerne tilden resolution omBurma,somblevvedtagetvedkonsensus underMenneskerettighedskommissionens 49.møderække (fraden1.februartilden12.marts1993). Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hargentagnegange kraftigtopfordret denburmesiske regeringtilbetingelses­ løstatløsladenobelpristageren DawAungSanSuuKyisåvel somandretilbageholdte politiskeledereogallepolitiske fanger,ogdeviltilstadighedfortsættederesbestræbelser foratopnådisseløsladelser .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1256/93 afErnestGlinne (S) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (18.maj1993) (93/C280/117) Om:Etniskudrensning ogmenneskerettighedskrænkelser i UnionenMyanmar (Burma) Islutningen affebruar 1993harFN'sMenneskerettigheds ­ kommission afsluttetenrapportpåca.50siderom Nr.C280/60 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afChristiane ScrivenerSKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1266/93 afJohnCushnahan (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (19.maj1993)(12.juli1993) (93/C280/118) Orø;Støttefrastrukturfondene tilvejforbindelser i IrlandSomlediFællesskabets strategiforbekæmpelse afdrivhus­ effektenharKommissionen foreslået ,atderindføresenny afgiftpåC02ogenergi(1).Afgiftendefineresogfastsættes påfællesskabsplan ,mendenærmerebestemmelser vedrø­ rendeopkrævning skalhenhøreundermedlemsstaterne , somiøvrigtskalværemodtagere afafgiften.Denneskal anvendespåsamtligefossileenergiformer (gas,olie,kul), bortsetfravedvarende energiogråstoffer,ogpåel,der fremstilles idestorevand-ogkernekraftværker .Afgiften skalindføresgradvis.Andrebestemmelser iforslagettager sigtepåatbeskytteEF-virksomhedernes ogindustriens konkurrenceevne .Endeligerdetfastsat,atmedlemsstaterne medhenblikpåatforhindre ,afafgiftengiversigudslagien forøgelseafdensamledeskattebyrde ogunderoverholdelse affællesskabsretten ,iværksætter foranstaltninger med henblikpåatneutralisere afgiftenpådetskattemæssige plan pådemåder,demåttefindespassende .Somlediudviklingsplanerne underdetigangværende subregionale handlingsprogram forrandområder udbetales derEFRU-støtte tilvejforbindelser ,derfalderindunder følgendetokategorier :forbindelser tilstøtteforindustriel udviklingogforbindelser tilfremmeafturisme. VilKommissionen opstilleenlisteoverdeprojekter ,der modtagerellervilmodtagestøttesomledidisseforanstalt­ ningerifølgendeområder :Clare,Cork,Kerry,Limerick , Tipperary ogWaterford ? (!)Dok.KOM(92 )226endeligudg. SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afBruceMilian (29.juli1993) Dasvaretermegetlangtogomfatterenrækketabeller,skal Kommissionen fremsende detdirektetildetæredemedlem ogtilEuropa-Parlamentets Generalsekretariat .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1356/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilRådetforDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (4.juni1993) (93/C280/120) Om:Eninternational domstolforkrigsforbrydelser SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1339/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (3.juni1993)Underhenvisning til,atdermangestederiverdenfortsat begåskrigsforbrydelser ogforbrydelser ,derundergraver menneskers fredeligesameksistens ,herunderfolkedrab , bedesRådetbesvarefølgende :AgterdetatopfordreFNtilat indkaldetileninternational diplomatisk konference ,somvil tagesigtepåatudarbejde enkonvention omeninternational domstolforsageromovennævnte alvorligeforbrydelser ? (93/C280/119) Om;»Grønskat«påbrændstoffer Svari1) (2.september 1993) Eksperterbetoner,atdrivhuseffekten (ogforanstaltninger tilafhjælpning afdrivhuseffekten )børprioriteres højtpå miljøområdet ,ogdeforeslårenbegra:nsning afenergifor­ brugforatmindskekuldioxidudslippene tilatmosfæren. Ifølgeeksperterne kunnedensåkaldte »grønneskat«på brændstoffer væreetvigtigtvåbenikampenmodplanetens overophedning .Detvilleværeengodideatopkrævedenne skatpåalleandreenergiformer enddevedvarende .Agter Kommissionen ,derjoerfortalerforenretfærdigfordeling afbyrderne ,atarbejdeforindførelsen afen»grønfælles­ skabsskat «påbrændstoffer ?Somdeterdetæredemedlembekendt,pålagdeFN's Generalforsamling på47.samlingFolkeretskommissionen atprioritere udarbejdelsen afetudkasttilstatutforen international kriminaldomstol højt,såledesatdettearbejde påbegyndes alleredepånæstesamling,ogdenpålagde Kommissionen afaflæggeensituationsrapport tilGeneral­ forsamlingen på48.samling .Deterderforfortidligtattale omatindkalde tilendiplomatisk konference ,inden 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/61 Folkeretskommissionen harhaftmulighedforataflægge rapporttilGeneralforsamlingen ,ogindendenneharhaft lejlighedtilattagestillingtilrapporten .Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater tilskynder allepartertil atafståfranogenhandling ,somkanbringeplanens gennemførelse ifare. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater udtrykker derestilfreds­ hedmed,atformanden forMinsk-konferencen sammen medenrepræsentant forformandskabet inærfremtidvil aflæggebesøgiområdetpågrundlagafalleparterstilsagn omatvilleiværksætte denaftalteplanogmedsigtepåat lettedensiværksættelse .Somdetæredemedlemligeledesvilværebekendtmed, bidrogmedlemsstaterne iSikkerhedsrådet tildettesbeslut­ ningomatopretteeninternational adhoc-domstol ,derskal dømmedem,dersiden19.91harværetansvarlige forde alvorligekrænkelser afhumanitære retsregler idettidligere Jugoslavien. (J)Dettesvarergivetafudenrigsministrene forsamletmedhenblik påDetPolitiskeSamarbejde ,hvorunder detteanliggende hører.Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater opfordrer kraftigt parterne ikonflikten tilfortsatatstøtteplanenuforbehol­ dentogdervedletteforløbetafførstefaseafCSCE­ overvågningsmissionen .Deopfordrer ogsåparternetilat bliveenigeomataccepteretilbagetrækningen aftropperfra besatteområderogatgarantere CSCE-observatørernes fysiskesikkerhed ,såsnartdeerblevetdeployeret. (')Dettesvarergivetafudenrigsministrene forsamletmedhenblik påDetPolitiskeSamarbejde ,hvorunder detteanliggende hører.SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1359/93 afSotirisKostopoulos (NI) tilRådetforDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (4.juni1993) (93/C280/121) SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1362/93 afSotorisKostopoulos (NI) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (4.juni1993)Om:LøsningafkriseniNagorno-Karabakh Påbaggrundafderingeudsigtertilenløsningafkriseni områdetvedNagorno-Karabakh imellemArmenien og Aserbadsjan bedesRådetoplysefølgende :Agterdetattage nogetinitiativforattilvejebringe enighedimellemdeto parter,somsvarertildeforventninger ,borgerne iKarabakh nærer,idetdekræverfredogindførelse afretfærdighed ?(93/C280/122) Om:Situationen fortuaregerne VilEPSpågrundlagafEuropa-Parlamentets beslutninger omsituationen fortuaregerne pressealledeberørtelande, dvs.Algeriet,Mauretanien ,MaliogNigeria,tileffektivtat medvirketilensamletløsningpåproblemet ?Svar(1) (30.august1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hilsertilslutningen fra alleparteriNagorno-Karabakh-konflikten tildenCSCE­ plan,somSignorRaffaelliharforelagtdem,velkommen .De anserdenneplanforatværedetbedstehåbforen omfattende våbenstilstand iområdet,forgennemførelsen af FN'sSikkerhedsråds resolution 822af30.april1993ogfor reellefremskridt henimodenforhandlingsløsning påkon­ flikten.IsærhylderdeArmeniens præsident ,TerPetrossian , forhansheldigtgennemførte personligeindgribentilsikring aftilslutning tilplanenforrepræsentanter fordetarmenske samfund iNagorno-Karabakh. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater håber,atdenarmenske regeringfortsatvilplædereforfuldtilslutning tilfredspla­ nenfradeelementer iNagorno-Karabakh ,derendnuikke haraccepteret den,ligesomdehåber,atdisseelementer i Nagorno-Karabakh vilafholdesigfraatudnyttedeaktuelle indrevanskeligheder iAserbajdsjan iogomkringNagorno­ Karabakh .Svar (30.august1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hartilskyndet alle,der erimpliceret isagen,tilatfindeenfredeligløsningpå problemerne iforbindelse medtuaregernes samfund .De hilserdenvåbenstilstandsaftale ,derden19.marts1993blev indgåetmellemNigershærogdetuaregske oprørere, velkommen ,ogdehåber,atafholdelsen fornyligaf flerpartivalg tilNigersparlament ogtilpræsidentposten i landetvilgøresittildenfornødnedialog. IMaliharenløsningafdettuaregskeoprørsproblem været påvej,sidendennationalepagtblevindgåetden11.april 1992iBamakomellemdennyedemokratisk valgte Nr.C280/62 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 samfund .KenyaogEtiopienskaldragestilansvar,ognetfor handeloghvidvaskning affortjenester fraMogadisio til Romogandrestederskalødelægges .regeringogmedlemmerne afAzawad,ogsidendensidste oprørsleder forAzwawadPopularLiberation Frontsluttede sigtilflertallet iapril1993,hvilketvardenofficielle afslutning påtuareg-oprøret. t1)Postkonto 592,Succursale Outremont ,Montréal ,Québec H2V4N2. (2)TheNewRepublic ,artikelafJonathanStevenson ,udgaveden 23.11.1992.Medhensyntilprogrammerne fortuaregernes reintegration iMaliskalnævnesdenaftalemellemIFAD,Algerietog Mali,derblevundertegnet den22.december1992,samtdet senesteEF-støtteprogram fortilbagevenden afflygtninge til Mali. Svar (2.september 1993) Detsærligeforhold,somdetæredemedlemtrækkerfrem, harikkeværetdrøftetiDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamar­ bejde. Genereltherskerderusikkerhed ogustabilitet iSomalias enormegrænseområder ,somhverkenUnosom,deetiopiske ellerdekenyanske myndigheder harkontrolmed.Den generellesamordning afbistandoggenopbygning iSomalia varetages iFN.SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1375/93 afErnestGlinne(S) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (4.juni1993) (93/C280/123) Om:Deteuforiserende stofkhatsbetydning ikrigen mellemvæbnede bander iSomaliaSKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1433/93 afJanBertensogKarelDeGucht(LDR) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (9.juni1993) (93/C280/124)Tidsskriftet »Psychotropes «,etinformativt bladomnarko­ tikaoganvendelsen heraf(*),harpåbaggrund afen international gruppesarbejdepåvidenskabelig mådegjort opmærksom påkhatsuheldigevirkning (ogsåkaldetmiraa). EfteratværeplukketfrabuskepåsletteriKenya,områder i HargeisaogMeruiSomaliaelleriEtiopien,udskillerde tyggedebladeensaft,somerenslagsnaturligamfetamin , hvisvanedannende egenskaber efterenopstemtfasefrem­ kaldervoldsomirrationeladfærd,somertypiskforde væbnedebander—navnligunge—somhærgerSomalia .De ForenedeNationerogikke-statslige organisationer kender tilomfangetafbrugenafkhat,somdagligpåvirkerflere millionermennesker :hurtiglufttransport bevarerbladenes »kvalitet«,idetdissekunkanbrugesindenfor24timer. Mananslårfortjenesten alenefraKenya,hvorkhatprodu­ ceresogeksporteres legalt,tilmindst100mio.US$(2).Den »almindelige «forbrugerbrugerpr.dag,hvishankanfåfati det,ca.6US$,forhvilkethankankøbe20kgmajsellerris ogernæreseksmennesker ienuge.Om:Denforværrede situation iCambodja ASEAN-landene hartilkendegivet støttetilforslagetom afholdelse afpræsidentvalg iCambodja forudfordet parlamentsvalg ,somifølgeParis-fredsaftalen fra1991skal afholdes imaj1993. DeRødeKhmerernægteratsamarbejde medFNom afvæbningen afderesstyrker,ligesomdeoftechikanerer FN-repræsentanter iCambodja. Derharmedjævnemellemrum væretstridigheder mellem prinsSihanouk ogFN-missionens leder,YasushiAkashi. Afde880mio.US$,derblevgivettilsagnompådet internationale mødeiTokioijuni1992vedrørende støttetil genopbygning afCambodjas ødelagteøkonomi ,varkun10 mio.US$blevetudbetaltibegyndelsen af1993. Hvorledes agterministrene påbaggrund afovenstående blandtmedlemmerne afSikkerhedsrådet ogdeøvrige parter,derdeltager iforsøgetpåatgenoprette fredeniJegvilleværetaknemmelig ,hvisudenrigsministrene iDet Europæisk PolitiskSamarbejde gennemforskellige kanaler kunnevurderedensociale,økonomiske ogfysiskeskadei Somaliaafhandelmedkhat,somefterminmeningskulle bekæmpes .Jegfinderdetnødvendigt medenudrensning ogsåiadministrationen ogidenalmindelige samordning af genopbygningsbistand iSomaliaviadetinternationale 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/63 Cambodja ,atfremkalde denpolitiskebeslutsomhed ,somer enforudsætning forbestræbelsernes positiveudfald? Svar (30.august1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater harnøjefulgtudvik­ lingeniCambodja ,derhargjortdetmuligtatgennemføre valg,hvordetcambodjanske folkfritharkunnetudtrykke sinepolitiskeholdninger .Detharværetenlangogvanskelig procesmedmangeforhindringer ,derharskulletovervindes. Idenneforbindelse lykønskede Fællesskabet ogdetsmed­ lemsstater fornyligicnerklæringdetcambodjanske folk meddethistoriskeogvelgennemførte valgafrepræsentan­ tertilenforfatningsgivende forsamling. f Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater harhenstillet tilalle cambodjanske partier,atderespekterer resultaterne af valget,ogFællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater harligeledes henstillet tildenforfatningsgivende forsamling ,atden fuldførerarbejdetmedatudarbejde ogvedtageenny cambodjansk forfatning indenfortremånederfravalgets afholdelse. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hartilskyndet de partier,derdeltogivalgenetilatarbejdesammenpåen konstruktiv måde,derkanfremmedannelsen afenforso­ ningsregering ,derkangennemføre økonomisk genopret­ ningiCambodja ogskabeendemokratisk retsstat.navnligmedhensyntilnogleforanstaltninger ,somAlbani­ ensregeringhartruffetoverforreligiøsegrupper .Idenne forbindelse hardegentagnegangemindetAlbaniens rege­ ringomdenshøjtidelige tilsagnomstrengtatoverholde de relevante CSCE-bestemmelser. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater noterede sigmed tilfredshed ,atderden31.marts1993blevvedtageten forfatningslov ommenneskerettigheder ,hvisartikel26 indeholder bestemmelser ommindretals rettigheder. Deerdogganskeklarover,atderendnuforeståretstort arbejdemedgennemførelsen afdissebestemmelser ,bl.a. skaldervedtagesenlovgivning ,derkonkretsikrer,atalle medlemmer afdetgræskemindretal reeltkannydederes grundlæggende rettilatudviklederesegenetniske,kultu­ relle,religiøseogsprogligeidentitet,tilatunderviseogblive undervistpåderesmodersmål samttilatdanneorganisa­ tionerogforeninger tilbeskyttelse afderesinteresserog identitet. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater vilfortsatkraftigt tilskyndeAlbaniensmyndigheder tilattræffedenødvendige foranstaltninger ogfølgesituationens udvikling meget nøje. Dererknyttetstrukturerede forbindelser mellemAlbanien ogEuroparådet medoprettelsen afden»Albanientask force«,Albaniens tiltrædelse afkulturkonventionen samt Albaniens deltagelse somsærliggæstiarbejdet iDen Parlamentariske Forsamling .Tilslutning tilallededemokra­ tiskeprincipper ogstandarder ogtilmenneskerettighederne ergrundlaget fordissestrukturerede forbindelser. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater vilfortsatnøjefølge udviklingen iAlbanien .Devilfremmeenkonstruktiv dialog mellemdeberørteparterudenatglemmemultilaterale organisationers potentielle bidrag.SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1457/93 afSoritisKostopoulos (NI) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (9.juni1993) (93/C280/125) SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1469/93 afCarlosRoblesPiquer(PPE) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (14.juni1993) (93/C280/126)Om:Udvisning afpræsidenten forSammenslutningen af Kimarioter iAlbanien Ibestræbelser påatskræmme detgræskemindretal i Albanienudvistedealbanskemyndigheder den17.marts 1993præsidenten forSammenslutningen afKimarioter , DimitrisDimalexis .HvorledesagterEPSatlæggeprespåde albanskemyndigheder foratfådemtilatrespektere det græskemindretals rettigheder ? Svar (2.september 1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater harfulgtudviklingen i menneskerettighedssituationen iAlbanien megetnøje,Om:Nyeperspektiver iforbindelse medSpratly-øerne Ifølgedesenesteoplysninger oganalyser idenvestligepresse giverKinasoverhøjhedskrav medhensyntilhele-Det Sydkinesiske Hav,derunderstreges vedenstyrkedemon­ strationafdenkinesiskeflåde,konsekvent anledning til Nr.C280/64 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 vanskeligheder meddelande,somogsågørkravpåhele (Vietnam,Taiwan )ellerendelafSpratly-øgruppen (Malay­ sia,Filippinerne ,Brunei).DesudenhørIndonesien tages medibetragtning ,dadetteland,skøntdetikkegørdirekte kravpåSpratly-øerne ,vilkunnefrygte,atdenkinesiske ekspansion ikkevilstandseder,menudstrække sigtil Natuna-øerne sydforSpratly-øerne. Hvordanvurdererudenrigsministrene (EPS)efterdeltagel­ senidentolvteministerkonference iManilafremtidsper­ spektiverne somfølgeaf,atJapan,påASEAN-landenes tilskyndelse ,muligvisindlederetflådestyrkekapløb med Kina?»DenPolitiske Komitéforsamlet iNewYorkden 21.september 1992iforbindelse medFN'sGeneralfor­ samlingharholdtenindledende drøftelseomproble­ merneiforbindelse medvalgettilSikkerhedsrådet af vissemedlemmer afVest-Gruppen. DenPolitiskeKomiténoterersigidenforbindelse den almindelige opbakning bagSpanienfraFællesskabets og detsmedlemsstaters side. Pågrundlag afdenneafgørelse iDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde harnæstformand ManuelMarin udtryktønskeom,atDeretterenpersonlighenvendelse tiludenrigsministeren elleridennesfraværhansstedfor­ trædermedhenblikpåatopnåhansstøttetilden pågældende medlemsstats kandidatur. Dennehenvendelse børforetagesuopsætteligt. IgnacioGarcia-Valdecases ,kabinetchef «.Svar (2.september 1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater følgernøjeudviklingen i Asienssikkerhedsspørgsmål ,herunderogsåspørgsmålene vedrørende territorialkrav iDetSydkinesiske Hav. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater mener,atdetervigtigt, atdenpolitiskedialogmellemområdetslandeopretholdes sometmiddeltilattageluftenudafeksisterende spæn­ dinger.Idenforbindelse notererdesigmedtilfredshed mødetmellemhøjtstående embedsmænd itilslutning tilden postministerielle ASEAN-konference (ASEANPMC-SOM ) iSingapore den20.og21.maj1993,hvorstøttentil ASEAN-erklæringen af22.juli1992,derindeholder en appelomfredeligbilæggelse afstridenvedrørende Spratly­ øerne,bekræftedes .Deharnoteretsig,attoandrelande,der harfremførtkrav,KinaogVietnam ,ogsåharstøttet erklæringen ,atbeggedisselandesandsynligvis vildeltage i fremtidige PCM-SOM-møder ,ogatdeimellemtiden begge aktivtdeltager imøderne idenvidenskabelige arbejds­ gruppeomvidenskabelig havforskning iDetSydkinesiske Havsamtiseminaret omstyringafpotentielle konflikter i DetSydkinesiske Hav,arrangementer ,derbeggeafholdes i ASEAN-medlemmers regi. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater vilfortsatnøjefølge debattenomSpratly-øerne .1.Instruerede udenrigsministrene iPolitiskSamarbejde næstformand ManuelMarinomatafsendedenne meddelelse ?Gavdeeventuelt Kommissionen instrukser omatgøredette? 2.Hvorlængehardetværetudenrigsministrenes politikat brugeKommissionen ogAVS-delegationerne tilat fremmeindividuelle medlemsstaters interesser ? 3.Godkender denæstformand ManuelMarínsoptræden ? Hvilkeskridtvildeibenægtende faldforeslåmed henblikpåatsikre,atderikkeskerengentagelse ? Svar (2.september 1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hargjortopmærksom på,atdetindenforrammerne afDetEuropæiske Politiske Samarbejde erformandskabets ansvarattageinitiativer overfortredjelande. SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1569/93 afMaxSimeoni (ARC) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (17.juni1993)SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1504/93 afAnthonySimpson (PPE) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (14.juni1993)(93/C280/128 (93/C280/127) Om:JackyBleunvens (franskstatsborger )forsvinden i Pakistan JackyBleunven ,professionel sportsudøver ,påbegyndte den 14.september 1991enverdensomvandring tilfodsfraBrest (Bretagne).Efterathanden29.januar1992ankomtil Pakistan,harmanikkehørtnytfrahamsiden13.fe­ bruar.Om:Kommissionsmedlemmernes pligter Den7.oktober1992ellerderomkring blevdersendten telex-meddelelse underskrevet afnæstformand Manuel Marínskabinetchef tilallecheferneforEF'sdelegationer i AVS-landene .Meddelelsen havdefølgendeordlyd: 18.10.93 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende Nr.C280/65 animister .Detserudtil,atdeislamiskestøtteorganer anvenderforsyningen meddemestelementære livsfornø­ denheder somentilskyndelse tilomvendelse ,idetde tilbageholder forsyninger tildepersoner ,somnægterat frasigesigderestro. KanEPSoplyse,hvilkeforanstaltninger detagterattræffe foratafhjælpedenneforfærdelige situation ,somgrænsertil enformforreligiøsetniskudrensning ?AgterdetiFNatgive udtrykforfordømmelse afdesudanesiske myndigheder og attræffedenødvendige foranstaltninger tilgennemførelse afsanktioner ,herunderindstillingafstøttenietforsøgpåat bringeforfølgelsen afuskyldigemennesker tilophør?Ensammenslutning »Courirlemonde«blevoprettet i foråret1992meddetformålatorganisere ogsamordne eftersøgningen efterBleunven .Efterforgævesathave adviseretdepakistanske ogfranskemyndigheder udsendte sammenslutningen ijuni—juli1992firemennesker til Pakistanforatgennemføre undersøgelser .Disseharkunnet fastslå,atBleunven erblevettilbageholdt påMarri­ territoriet afenstammefraBalouchistan-provinsen .I oktober—november 1992accepterede ADRAF (Sammen­ slutningtiludviklingafdearabisk-franske forbindelser )at organisere ogfinansiereudsendelsen tilstedetafenjourna­ list-forsker ,AlainDebos.DennefandtBleunvens sporog fandtudaf,athanvarblevetarresteretafdepakistanske myndigheder ogoverførttilDera-Gazhi Khan-byen .Mende pakistanske myndigheder nægterdette.Den13.februar 1993arrangerede sammenslutningen »Courirlemonde«en demonstration iParisforanPakistansambassade ogdet franskeudenrigsministerium .Udenresultat. Kanudenrigsministrene iDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamar­ bejdeoplyse,ommedlemsstaternes ambassader iPakistan harfåetforelagtsagenvedrørende Bleunven ?Hvilkeforan­ staltninger kandetræffeoverfordepakistanske myndig­ hederforatfåsandheden omBleunvens skæbneendelig frem? |r Svar (2.september 1993) Detspørgsmål ,somdetæredeparlamentsmedlem harrejst, vedrørerførstogfremmestdenpågældende medlemsstat og densbilateraleforbindelser medPakistan,ogdeterikke blevetdrøftetindenforrammerne afDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde .Svar (2.september 1993) Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater delerfuldtuddetærede parlamentsmedlems bekymring medhensyntilsituationen i Sudan.Resultaterne afdesenesteårskampeeralarmerende : 4mio.mennesker menesatværefordrevet indenforselve Sudan,ogca.270000erflygtettilnabolande .Omkring 500000ermåskealleredeomkommet somfølgeafkon­ flikten. Desudenerder,somdetæredemedlemganskerigtigt påpeger,forekommet alvorligekrænkelser afmenneskeret­ tighederne .Idenforbindelse viljeggernemindeomden afgørende rolle,somFællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater spilledevedvedtagelsen afenkritiskresolution iFN's Generalforsamling idecember1992ogvedudnævnelsen af ensærligFN-rapportør forSudaniUNHCR iGenévei marts1993.Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater støtter udnævnelsen afambassadør Traxlersomsærligudsending i humanitære anliggender ,somvilvurderedenhumanitære situation iSudan.Dehåberinderligt,atdensudanesiske regeringvilsamarbejde tilsintid.%SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1577/93 afMichaelWelsh(PPE) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (17.juni1993) (93/C280/129)Trojkaen afministrene forudviklingssamarbejde harfor nyligtbesøgtSudanforatunderstrege denalvor,hvormed Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater serpådenhumanitære krise,ogkonkluderede ,atdererbrugforpolitiskeløsninger foratstandsekampenemellemgrupperne ogopnåfredog stabilitetoverhelelandet.IndenforEPSogRådetovervejer manfortidenFællesskabets ogdetsmedlemsstaters mulig­ hederforatbidrageyderligere tilfredsbestræbelserne .Om:Forfølgelse afkristneoganimister iSudan Kristnekilderogulandsfrivillige harforelagtuomstødelige beviserfor,atdenislamiskeregeringforfølgerdesydlige stammeriSudaniettilsyneladende systematisk forsøgpåat opretteenislamiskstatogudryddealleandrereligioner. Borgerkrigen mellemnordogsydhartjentsomdækkefor denmassiveflytningafbefolkningen idensydligedel, oprettelseafkoncentrationslejre ,hvortorturogvoldtægter dagligdags foreteelser ,ogtvungenomvendelse afkristneogFællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater harallerede ivid udstrækning indefrosset deresudviklingsbistand tilSudan pågrundafmenneskerettighedssituationen ilandet.Fælles­ skabetogdetsmedlemsstater erdogfortsatvigtigebidrag­ ydereafhumanitær bistandtildetsudanesiske folk.Støtten Nr.C280/66 DeEuropæiske Fællesskabers Tidende 18.10.93 givesefterbehovogudenpolitiskebetingelser ,menhari nogleområderværetbegrænset afmanglende samarbejds­ viljefrabådedensudanesiske regeringoggrupperingerne indenforDetSudanesiske FolksBefrielseshær (TheSuda­ nesePeopleLiberation Army—SPLA).Fællesskabet ogdets medlemsstater overvejernu,hvadderyderligerekangøres forateffektivisere denhumanitære bistand .terhargjortdetteklartbådebilateraltoverforderussiske myndigheder ogmultilateralt indenforrammerne afCSCE, Østersørådet ogFN. Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater følgerogsånøjesitua­ tionenforderussisktalende befolkningsgrupper idebaltiske lande.Dehargjortenaktivindsatsforatlettespændingerne iEstlandogLetlandsamtforatfremmestabileog harmoniske forbindelser mellemdebaltiskestaterog Rusland ienbrederesammenhæng .Ikontakterne medde baltiskelandefremhæves betydningen af,atmenneskeret­ tighederne respekteres ,ogdebaltiskelandeselvanserdetfor megetvigtigt,atmanpådetteområdebevarerenhøj standard .Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater hariden forbindelse støttetdebaltiskelandesafgørelse omat opfordreinternationale organisationer tilatrapporterne om menneskerettighedssituationen idebaltiskestater.De noterersigmedtilfredshed rapporten omLetlandfraDe ForenedeNationers Menneskerettighedscenter ,rapporten omsituationen iEstlandfraCSCE-missionen iforbindelse medmekanismen vedrørende denmenneskelige dimension , rapporten omEstlandfraEuroparådet samtrapporten om EstlandfraCSCE-Højkommissæren forNationaleMindre­ tal.Disserapporterviserklart,atpåstandeommenneske­ rettighedskrænkelser ikkekanunderbygges ,menindehol­ derforslagtilenrækkepraktiskeforanstaltninger ,dervil kunnebidragetilatforbedreforholdetmellembefolknings­ grupperne .SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1589/93 afRaymonde Dury(S) tilDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde (18.juni1993) (93/C280/130 Om:Detidligeresovjetisketropperstilbagetrækning frade baltiskelande Forovertoårsidenvarenafdemedvirkende faktorertil krigsudbruddet idettidligereJugoslavien denjugoslaviske hærsproblematiske tilbagetrækning fradeseparatistiske republikker. Idagertilbagetrækningen afdentidligeresovjetiskehærs tropperfradebaltiskestaterblevetforhaletogderefterhelt standsetefterensidigordrefraMoskva,hvilketeretoplagt brudpådeinternationale aftalerpåområdet .Erdetteikke begyndelsen tilenyderstrisikofyldt proces?Hvorledes analyserer mandennesituationindenforDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejde ?SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL Nr.1661/93 afJohnCushnahan (PPE) tilKommissionen forDeEuropæiske Fællesskaber (28.juni1993) (93/C280/131)Underhenvisning til,at:derienhvereuropæisk politikmå tageshensyntilstabiliteten iRuslandsindreforhold,ønskes detoplyst,hvilkenfællesholdningDetEuropæiske Politiske Samarbejde agteratindtageforatafværgeenoptrapning i denbaltiskeregionogtilskyndeparternetilsamarbejde. Kræverudsigtentilenfremtidigfælleseuropæisk sikker­ hedspolitik ikkemeremodigeogbeslutsomme handlinger fraDetEuropæiske PolitiskeSamarbejdes sidemedhenblik påatforhindrekonflikter idetbaltiskeområdesamtiresten afEuropaogverden?Om:Projekter iIrland,derstøttesøkonomisk via»det finansielle samhørighedsinstrument « KanKommissionen opregnedeprojekter iIrland,dervil modtageøkonomisk støttefradetfinansiellesamhørigheds­ instrument i1993—samtdebeløb,somhvertafdisse projektervilblivetildelt? SvarafgivetpåKommissionens vegne afPeterSchmidhuber Svar (2.september 1993) (26.juli1993) * Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemsstater erheltenigemeddet æredeparlamentsmedlem i,atdetervigtigt,attilbagetræk­ ningenafrussisketropperfradebaltiskestaterfortsættes i overensstemmelse mederklæringen fraCSCE-topmødet i Helsinki i1992,meddenrussisk-litauiske aftaleogmed UNGA-resolution 47/21.Fællesskabet ogdetsmedlemssta­Kommissionen erifærdmedatindhentedeoplysninger ,der ernødvendige tilbesvarelse afdetæredemedlemsspørgs­ mål. t Denskalmeddele detæredemedlemresultatet afsine efterforskninger ,såsnartdetforeligger.

23391_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

Vega de Pas es un municipalitate que se trova in le communitate autonome de Cantabria, Espania. Municipalitates in Cantabria.

github_open_source_100_8_19906

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import React, { useState } from "react"; import { useProduct, useCartId } from "../../hooks"; import { useParams } from "react-router-dom"; import { RadioGroup } from "@headlessui/react"; import { CurrencyDollarIcon, GlobeIcon } from "@heroicons/react/outline"; import { classNames } from "../../utils"; import NotFound from "../../components/NotFound"; import Error from "../../components/Error"; import Loading from "../../components/Loading"; import toast from "react-hot-toast"; const policies = [ { name: "International delivery", icon: GlobeIcon, description: "Get your order in 2 years", }, { name: "Loyalty rewards", icon: CurrencyDollarIcon, description: "Don't look at other tees", }, ]; const ProductDetail = () => { const params = useParams(); const [selectedProduct, setSelectedProduct] = useState(null); let { product, loading, error } = useProduct( params.parentId, params.categoryId ); const cartId = useCartId(); if (error) return <Error />; if (loading) return <Loading />; if (!product) return <NotFound />; if (!selectedProduct) { setSelectedProduct(product.products[0]); return <NotFound />; } const productImage = selectedProduct.images[0] ?? product.image; const addToCart = async () => { await fetch( `/api/v1/carts/${cartId}/products/${selectedProduct.product_id}/`, { method: "PUT", headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json", }, body: JSON.stringify({ quantity: 1, cart_id: cartId, product_id: selectedProduct.product_id, product_description: selectedProduct.short_desc, product_name: selectedProduct.name, }), } ); toast.success("Added to Cart"); }; return ( <main className="mt-8 max-w-2xl mx-auto pb-16 px-4 sm:pb-24 sm:px-6 lg:max-w-7xl lg:px-8"> <div className="lg:grid lg:grid-cols-12 lg:auto-rows-min lg:gap-x-8"> <div className="lg:col-start-8 lg:col-span-5"> <div className="flex justify-between"> <h1 className="text-xl font-medium text-gray-900"> {selectedProduct.name} </h1> <p className="text-xl font-medium text-gray-900"> ${selectedProduct.price.value} </p> </div> <div className="mt-4 prose prose-sm text-gray-500"> {selectedProduct.short_desc} </div> </div> {/* Image gallery */} <div className="mt-8 lg:mt-0 lg:col-start-1 lg:col-span-7 lg:row-start-1 lg:row-span-3"> <h2 className="sr-only">Images</h2> <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-rows-3 lg:gap-8"> <img src={`/images/${productImage}`} alt={product.name} className={classNames( "lg:col-span-2 lg:row-span-2", "rounded-lg" )} /> </div> </div> <div className="mt-8 lg:col-span-5"> <form> {/* Product Options */} <div className="mt-8"> <div className="flex items-center justify-between"> <h2 className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">Options</h2> </div> <RadioGroup value={selectedProduct} onChange={setSelectedProduct} className="mt-2" > <RadioGroup.Label className="sr-only"> Choose an option </RadioGroup.Label> <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-3 sm:grid-cols-6"> {product.products.map((option) => ( <RadioGroup.Option key={option.product_id} value={option} className={({ active, checked }) => classNames( "cursor-pointer focus:outline-none", active ? "ring-2 ring-offset-2 ring-indigo-500" : "", checked ? "bg-indigo-600 border-transparent text-white hover:bg-indigo-700" : "bg-white border-gray-200 text-gray-900 hover:bg-gray-50", "border rounded-md py-3 px-3 flex items-center justify-center text-sm font-medium uppercase sm:flex-1 flex-wrap" ) } > <RadioGroup.Label as="p"> {option.specifications.size} </RadioGroup.Label> </RadioGroup.Option> ))} </div> </RadioGroup> </div> <button onClick={(e) => { e.preventDefault(); addToCart(); }} className="mt-8 w-full bg-indigo-600 border border-transparent rounded-md py-3 px-8 flex items-center justify-center text-base font-medium text-white hover:bg-indigo-700 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-offset-2 focus:ring-indigo-500" > Add to cart </button> </form> {/* Product details */} <div className="mt-10"> <h2 className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">Description</h2> <div className="mt-4 prose prose-sm text-gray-500"> {selectedProduct.long_desc} </div> </div> {/* Policies */} <section aria-labelledby="policies-heading" className="mt-10"> <h2 id="policies-heading" className="sr-only"> Our Policies </h2> <dl className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-6 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-1 xl:grid-cols-2"> {policies.map((policy) => ( <div key={policy.name} className="bg-gray-50 border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-6 text-center" > <dt> <policy.icon className="mx-auto h-6 w-6 flex-shrink-0 text-gray-400" aria-hidden="true" /> <span className="mt-4 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900"> {policy.name} </span> </dt> <dd className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500"> {policy.description} </dd> </div> ))} </dl> </section> </div> </div> </main> ); }; ProductDetail.propTypes = {}; ProductDetail.defaultProps = {}; export default ProductDetail;

github_open_source_100_8_19907

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import React from 'react' import styled from 'styled-components' import { FontAwesomeIcon } from '@fortawesome/react-fontawesome' const IconLink = styled.a` display: inline-block; opacity: 1; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px) scale3d(1, 1, 1) rotateX(0deg) rotateY(0deg) rotateZ(0deg) skew(0deg, 0deg); transform-style: preserve-3d; -webkit-transition: all 250ms ease; transition: all 250ms ease; &:hover { opacity: 0.6; transform: translate3d(0px, -5px, 0px) scale3d(1, 1, 1) rotateX(0deg) rotateY(0deg) rotateZ(0deg) skew(0deg, 0deg); transform-style: preserve-3d; } .Icon { display: block; font-size: 3rem; padding-left: 21px; } `; const Icon = ({ icon, link, alt }) => { return ( <IconLink href={link} alt={alt} rel='noreferrer' target='_blank'> <FontAwesomeIcon icon={['fab', icon]} className="Icon" /> </IconLink> ) } export default Icon;

US-4654998-A_4

USPTO

Public Domain

In the example in FIG. 48, for example, when existence data are transmitted at the same time from information processing apparatuses in Tokyo and Osaka indicting the user is present nearby, the occurrence of a contradiction is found, the user's operation is locked to inhibit the illegal use, and confirmation of the password is requested. This process is effective because a contradiction exists as to the presence of the user, and the purpose of the process can be attained. In a mode other than the “presence contradiction” mode, therefore, another method must be employed to perform the above processing. As is described above, according to this embodiment, when a contradiction exists as to the presence of a user, the above described processing, which corresponds to such a state, can be performed. (Embodiment 21) An explanation will now be given for an example where a remote location at which a user is present is displayed by an information processing apparatus. In FIG. 49 is shown an example information processing apparatus that can display the locations of users, such as group members. In the example in FIG. 49, the locations of Mr. A and Mr. B are displayed by an information processing apparatus 491. As previously described, the user's presence data are transmitted to the information processing apparatus 491 in the process for the individual modes, which are changed in the user presence mode conversion process in FIG. 43 that is initiated by the user presence determination/presence mode conversion process in FIG. 33. In the example in FIG. 49, for example, an information processing apparatus 493 in Tokyo detects the presence nearby of Mr. A, and transmits presence data 495 to the information processing apparatus 491. An information processing apparatus 494 in Osaka detects the presence nearby of Mr. B, and transmits presence data 496 to the information processing apparatus 491. Upon the receipt of the presence data 495 and 496 for Mr. A and Mr. B, the information processing apparatus 491 stores and manages these data so that they can be displayed in response to an instruction by a user. When a user instructs the information processing apparatus 491 to display the presence data for all the group members, the console unit 11 accepts the instruction and the task reception unit 13 adds to the task table 14 the user's present location display process task, which is to be performed by the process execution unit 17. Then, the user's present location display task is initiated by the process execution unit 17 via the task analyzer 15 and the planning determination unit 16, and a present location list 492 in FIG. 49 is displayed. As is described above, according to this embodiment, the locations at which the individual users, such as group members, are present can be displayed. The processing for displaying a location at which a user is present will now be described. FIG. 50 is a flowchart showing the processing performed by the process execution unit 17 to display a location at which a user is present. FIG. 51 is a diagram showing example present location data that are referred to in the processing for displaying the location at which the user is present. For the individual present location data, included are the name of a user to be displayed and his present location. When the processing for displaying the location at which a user is present is begun, first, at step S5001 a check is performed to determine whether the locations are displayed of all the users for which the present location data in FIG. 51 are stored. When the locations for all the users are displayed, the processing is terminated. If there is a user whose location has not yet been displayed, program control moves to step S5002, whereat information is extracted concerning the users who are stored for whom the present location data in FIG. 51 is extracted, and a check is performed to determine whether the present location of the one user can be ascertained. If his present location is unknown, program control moves to step S5003 whereat “present location is unknown” is displayed. If his present location is ascertained, program control moves to step S5004 whereat the present location is displayed. Program control then returns to step S5001, the above process is repeated, and finally, a present location list 492 shown in FIG. 49 is displayed. Since the present location for Mr. A is understood to be “Tokyo/xxxx”, by referring to the present location data in FIG. 51, his location is displayed as is shown in FIG. 49. As is described above, according to this embodiment, the presence/absence of a user is determined, and as a process corresponding to this state can be performed, usability can be considerably enhanced. The presence/absence state of a user can be determined from a clear instruction entered by a user, an assumption made while referring to the information, information received from another information processing apparatus, and information concerning the user obtained by using a detector. In consonance with when the user is present at his seat or is absent, corresponding processing can be performed. Further, in accordance with when the user is leaving his seat or has returned to his seat, a corresponding process can be performed. In addition, in consonance with when the presence of the user is unknown or when a contradiction exists, when the presence/absence condition is obtained by making an assumption, a corresponding process can be performed. Furthermore, the present location of the user can be displayed. Also, the user presence data of an information processing apparatus can be employed to understand with which information processing apparatus the user was working, and a processing load imposed on the job information recovery process can be reduced. (Embodiment 22) An explanation will now be given for an example process where a job that was interrupted at an information processing apparatus 1 is recovered at an information processing apparatus 2. In the example in FIG. 52, a user, who is permitted to use a plurality of information processing apparatuses connected via a network, interrupts his job at an information processing apparatus 521. When the user resumes his interrupted operation at an information processing apparatus 522, at that apparatus 522 he recovers the job that was interrupted at the information processing apparatus 521. As previously described, information concerning the mode designation of “leaving the seat”, which reflects an act by a user at the information processing apparatus 521, is accepted by the console unit 11, and is added to the task table 14 by the task reception unit 13. Then, the user presence determination/presence mode conversion processing in FIG. 33 is initiated by the process execution unit 17 via the task analyzer 15 and the planning determination unit 16. In this processing, the mode is changed from “present” to “leaving the seat”. At this time, for the process performed in the “leaving the seat” mode, a user's job condition 524 when he left his seat is stored, and information indicating that the user left his seat is transmitted as presence data 523 to the information processing apparatus 522. Information concerning the mode designation “returning to seat”, which reflects an act by the same user at the information processing apparatus 522, is accepted by the console unit 11, and is added to the task table 14 by the task reception unit 13. Then, the user presence determination/presence mode conversion processing in FIG. 33 is initiated by the process execution unit 17 via the task analyzer 15 and the planning determination unit 16. In this processing, the mode is changed from “absent” to “returned to seat”. At this time, for the process performed in the “returning to seat” mode, it is understood that the same user was left the information processing apparatus 521, and the job condition 524 is acquired from the information processing apparatus 521. Thus, the job condition 524 can be recovered at the information processing apparatus 522. In this example, since the user left the information processing apparatus 521 before he returned to the information processing apparatus 522, the condition 524 for the job performed at the information processing apparatus 521 is recovered. If a user did not use any information processing apparatus before he returned to his seat, the job condition that existed when the user left the information processing apparatus 522 is recovered. As is described above, according to this embodiment, when a user, who is permitted to use a plurality of information processing apparatuses connected via a network, interrupts a job at the information processing apparatus 1 and then resumes the job at the information processing apparatus 2, not only can the user recover the job at the information processing apparatus 2, but also at the information processing apparatus that he is going to use, he can recover the previous job condition, unless he employed another information processing apparatus during the period between the time he left his seat and the time he returned to it. The remote control process for recovering a job will now be described in order to implement the above described operation. FIG. 53 is a flowchart showing the remote control processing performed by the process execution unit 17 for recovering a job. As previously described, when the user left the information processing apparatus 521, the presence data 523 indicating that the user left the seat are transmitted to the information processing apparatus 522. When the same user returned to the information processing apparatus 522 later, the remote control processing for recovering a job in FIG. 53 is begun. When this processing is initiated, first, at step S5301 a check is performed to determine whether leaving-seat information for the same user was received before. When such data were received before, program control moves to step S5302. When such data were not received before, program control moves to step S5305, whereat the job data acquired when the user left his seat previously, which are held by the subject information processing apparatus, are recovered. The processing is thereafter terminated. At step S5302, a request for transmission of job condition data for the user when he left his seat is transmitted to the transmission source that previously transmitted the leaving-seat data, and thus the job condition data obtained when the user left his seat are obtained. When at step S5303 the receipt of the job data is successful, program control advances to step S5304. When the receipt of such data fails, program control moves to step S5305. At step S5304, the received job condition data are employed to recover the job condition when the user left his seat, and the processing is thereafter terminated. In the example in FIG. 52, when the user has left his seat, the information processing apparatus 521 stores the job condition 524 and transmits to the information processing apparatus 522 the presence data 523 indicating that the user left his seat. Therefore, when the user returned to the information processing apparatus 522, at step S5301 it is ascertained that presence data reflecting that the user left his seat were previously received. At step S5302 the job condition data 524 extent when the user left his seat are received, and at step S5304, the job condition is recovered. The processing is thereafter terminated. When neither information processing apparatus received presence data reflecting that the user left his seat, program control moves to step S5305, whereat the information processing apparatus 522 recovers the job condition extent when the user left his seat. The processing is thereafter terminated. In the above example, the information processing apparatus that the user left transmits presence data to that effect to another information processing apparatus. However, if a user can employ multiple information processing apparatuses connected across a network, a transmission destination for presence data may be regarded as a specific server on the network, and the information processing apparatus that the user left may obtain presence data from this server. Instead of the presence data, the job condition data may be transmitted to the server. According to the above described embodiment, the job condition can be recovered at a different information processing apparatus connected via a network, and as the job can be resumed across a plurality of information processing apparatuses, useability can be enhanced. (Embodiment 23) An example where optimal information consonant with a situation is reported will now be described. In this embodiment is reported associated information that a user should recall in consonance with a situation. FIG. 54 is a diagram for explaining an example where optimal information consonant with a situation is reported. In the example in FIG. 54, schedule data are extracted from received E-mail 5401, and detection 5403 of a conflict with a schedule previously stored in a schedule list 5402 is performed. While personal information 5404 is referred to, evaluation 5404 for the priority level of the schedule is performed using a knowledge base 5406 for evaluation of a priority level, and a query 5409 to a user is issued. Then, a response 5410 is received from a user, and in accordance with an included instruction, processing for a response 5411, schedule updating 5412, learning of new plan 5414, and contacting of a third party 5413 are performed. In a recollection process 5408 performed by the process execution unit 17, to remind a user of work to be performed, by referring to a user's To Do List, work that can be performed at the user's destination is extracted and is included in the response 5411. As is described above, when a process, such as the schedule updating 5412, is performed by the process execution unit 17, the recollection process is initiated. The recollection process will now be explained while referring to the flowchart in FIG. 55. When the updating of a schedule is requested, the process execution unit 17 is activated, and at step S551 the contents of an operation are analyzed. When at step S552 it is ascertained that the operation can be completed by only the process execution unit 17, program control advances to step S553. When the external process is required, program control moves to step S555. At step S553, a process corresponding to the contents of the operation, the updating of the schedule in this case, is performed. At step S554, information concerning the contents of the operation is added to the hysteresis data in the process execution unit 17. When this hysteresis data in the process execution unit 17 is employed, canceling (UNDO) and repeating (REDO) of the operation can be performed. Program control thereafter returns to step S551, and the remaining process is continued. If at step S552 the performance of a process outside the process execution unit 17 is required, program control moves to step S555, whereat a check is performed to determine whether, for saving the hysteresis, the original hysteresis number is valid which is designated as a task that corresponds to the process that was performed, so that whether or not hysteresis should be saved is decided. When it is ascertained that the hysteresis should be saved, program control advances to step S556, whereat the contents of the operation are added to the hysteresis data 19 via the hysteresis data manager 18, and the hysteresis number is acquired. When at step S556 the hysteresis data are added, at step S557 the hysteresis number returned by the hysteresis data management unit 18 is set as the original hysteresis number for the task, and is added to the task table 14. When, at step S555, it is ascertained that the hysteresis need not be saved, an invalid value is set as the original hysteresis number for the task, and is added to the task table 14. In the above processing, at step S558 a check is performed to determine whether information associated with the process exists in a To Do List 5407 or in a schedule 5402. If such information is present, at step S559, a notification task for reminding the user of information, is added to the task table 14. The processing is thereafter terminated. In the example shown in FIG. 54, the task informing “meeting with Mr. Kato”, which is a work to be possibly done at Shimomaruko, which is the same place as a renewed schedule of “progress reporting conference” be held will be added to the task table 14. In the leaving-seat process in FIG. 45, for example, the current time 453, 14:50, is compared with the schedule of the user 451, “15:00 chief meeting”. So long as the reason that the user 451 leaves the seat is to attend the meeting, no problem occurs. If the user 451 leaves the seat for another reason, it is understood that the user may forget the meeting. Thus, the task of notifying the user 451 using message 454, “15:00 Chief meeting at A111 conference room” is added to the task table 14. In the above example, the schedule for the identical location or the schedule for a time close to the current time are reported. An activity performed for the same person (query to one of the attendees at a meeting, while not referring to the contents of the meeting) or an activity for which time still remains (a meeting that a user should attend after another meeting) may be reported to a user. In the above described embodiment, the optimal notice consonant with the situation can be issued. The notification time must not be designated in advance by a user, and usability can be improved. The notification of conditions other than time, such as the issuance of a notification when the user leaves his seat, can be employed to provide a flexible notification procedures consonant with an exact situation. (Embodiment 24) FIG. 56 is a diagram showing an example where an optimal task is added/stored in consonance with the situation where a user has issued a pending instruction. In the example in FIG. 56, when mail “3/3 10:29:30 from Ichiro” 563 is selected from a mail list 562 displayed on an information processing apparatus 561, and the contents of the mail 563 is displayed, a HOLD button 565 is depressed in order to perform a reference search and correction for the mail or to interrupt another operation. In this embodiment, a job resumption task, such as “read mail from Ichiro” 566 in FIG. 56, is added and is stored in the To Do List. As is described above, when a pending instruction is issued during a process, such as mail reference 564, performed by the process execution unit 17, the pending process, which is the essential element of this embodiment, is performed, and a job resumption task is added to the To Do List of the user. In the above described embodiment, since the optimal task is added and stored in consonance with the issuance of a pending instruction by a user, usability can be considerably enhanced. FIG. 57 is a flowchart showing the pending processing performed by the process execution unit 17. An explanation will now be given for an example where the pending process is initiated by the process execution unit 17 at the same time the process 564 for referring to mail is performed. When the process execution unit 17 is activated, at step S571 the contents of an operation are analyzed. When, at step S572, it is ascertained that the operation can be completed by only the process execution unit 17, program control advances to step S573. When an external process is required, program control moves to step S575. At step S573, a process corresponding to the contents of the operation, the mail reference in this case, is performed. At step S574, information for the contents of the operation is added to the hysteresis data in the process execution unit 17. When this hysteresis data in the process execution unit 17 is employed, canceling (UNDO) and repeating (REDO) of the operation can be performed. Program control thereafter returns to step S571, and performance of the process is continued. If, at step S572, the performance of a process outside the process execution unit 17 is required, program control moves to step S575, whereat a check is performed to determine whether, for saving of the hysteresis, the original hysteresis number is valid which is designated as a task that corresponds to the process that was performed, so that whether or not hysteresis should be saved is decided. When it is ascertained that the hysteresis should be saved, program control advances to step S576, whereat the contents of the operation are added to the hysteresis data 19 via the hysteresis data manager 18, and the hysteresis number is acquired. When, at step S576, the hysteresis data are added, at step S577 the hysteresis number returned by the hysteresis data management unit 18 is set as the original hysteresis number for the task and is added to the task table 14. When, at step S575, it is ascertained that the hysteresis need not be saved, an invalid value is set as the original hysteresis number for the task and is added to the task table 14. In the above processing, when at step S578 it is ascertained that there is a user instructed pending process, at step S579, the task for resuming the above process is added to the To Do List. The processing is thereafter terminated. In the example in FIG. 56, since the pending process was instructed while referring to the E-mail from Ichiro, the task “read mail from Ichiro” is added to the To Do List. FIG. 58 is a diagram illustrating the entire arrangement, according to this embodiment, of an information processing apparatus that can add and store an optimal task in consonance with a situation. In an information processing apparatus 5801, an input analyzer 5802 analyzes data input by various input devices, such as a scanner 5805, a voice input unit 5806, a telephone 5807, E-mail 5808 and a facsimile machine (FAX) 5809, a processor 5803 performs the searching, editing, referencing and deleting processes, and a synthesizer 5804 synthesizes/converts data as needed and outputs the resultant data to various output devices, such as a file 5810, a printer 5810, E-mail 5812 and a facsimile 5813. During the input, analyzation, data processing, synthesization and output procedures, a process that is assumed to be necessary is added to the task table 14, and a task associated with a user is added to the To Do List that the user can read. As a result, an optimal task in consonance with the situation can be added and stored. FIG. 59 is a diagram illustrating an example operating screen of an information processing apparatus that can add and store an optimal task in consonance with the situation. In FIG. 59, various operation buttons are displayed, such as those for an E-mail list display instruction 5902, an E-mail summary display 5903, a clock 5904, help 5905, news displays 5906 to 5908, a schedule 5909, an address list 5910, a filing cabinet 5911, a file 5912, a search for various data 5913, pending 5914, a note 5915, display and operation of various data 5916, retrieval 5917, creation 5918, transmission 5919, printing 5920, a telephone 5921, application activations 5922 to 5923, a notification data display 5924, natural language input 5925, an oral operation 5926, an oral response 5927, a deletion 5928 and quit 5929. As a result of the process performed in response to the instruction entered on the operating screen, or upon the entry of an instruction, a process that is assumed to be required is added to the task table 14, and a task associated with the user is added to the To Do List that the user can read. As is described above, for each process, an optimal task in consonance with the situation can be added and stored. In this embodiment, when a pending instruction is issued during the processing, as a task for resuming a process that is being held is registered in the execution list without an explicit key manipulation directing the addition and storage of the task being required, usability can be drastically increased. (Embodiment 25) FIG. 60 is a diagram for explaining a moving and copying process, with an automatic index provision, that is performed to display a dynamic tree based on file attributes and to update the file attributes in accordance with the moving and copying performed on the display. In the example in FIG. 60, in response to the input of data by a user, or by the reading characters and code that are written at a predetermined location of an image that is scanned, a keyword 603 is provided for a file “1997.4.5, file-abc” 602 that is read by a scanner 601. In the above procedures, in response to the use of a keyword, a file list stored and managed by an information processing apparatus 604 is displayed in the form of a dynamic tree 605. When the user selects “1997.4.5 file-abc” from among the files on the display, and enters a moving or copying instruction 606, “Another company information” and “B Co.”, which are keywords for moving or copying destinations, are added to the file “1997.4.5 file-abc”, as is shown in a keyword list 607. As is described above, only moving and copying manipulation of the keyword tree 605 need be performed to add attributes, such as keywords for a moving and copying destination. According to this embodiment, as the dynamic tree based on the file attributes is displayed and the attributes of files are updated in accordance with the moving or copying of data on the display, useability can be improved. FIG. 61 is a flowchart showing the moving and copying processing performed with an automatic index provision. This processing will now be described while referring to this flowchart. When the moving and copying processing with an automatic index provision is initiated, first, at step S611 a user acquires an original file for which moving or copying is designated. At step S612, a check is performed to determine whether the original file designated by the user and the moving or copying destination are valid. When both are valid, program control moves to step S613. When both are invalid, program control moves to step S618, whereat an error message is displayed, and the processing is thereafter terminated. At step S613, an index at the moving or copying destination is obtained, and at step S614 the obtained index is added to the index of the original file. At step S615, the file is stored at the moving or copying destination, and at step S616 a check is performed to determine whether the user instructed the moving of the file. When the user instructed the moving of the file, program control advances to step S617, whereat the original file is deleted and the processing is thereafter terminated. At this time, when the keyword or the index provided for the original file is deleted from the moving destination file, the keyword or the index of the original file can be replaced with those for the moving destination. In the example in FIG. 60, the moving or copying source file is “1997.4.5 file-abc”. The keyword or the index data for the moving or copying destination, “Another company information, B Co.”, are added to the original keyword or the index data for the file, “Bill, 1997”, 603 to thereby obtain the updated keyword or index data, “Bill, 1997, Another company information, B Co”. 607. In the above process, while viewing the entire file that is stored and managed, the user can add, delete or update a necessary keyword, and usability can be considerably enhanced. According to the above described embodiment, a dynamic tree based on the attributes of the file can be displayed, and the attributes of the file can be updated in accordance with those for the file moving or copying destination shown on the display. (Embodiment 26) FIG. 62 is a diagram for explaining an example of the processing performed for a combination of files having different forms, in a situation where moving and copying between files having different forms can be performed. In the example in FIG. 62, a file list is displayed using a tree for each file form on an information processing apparatus 621 that can store and manage files having a plurality of different forms, such as an image file 622 and a text file 623. The user selects a text file, “file-abc”, from the file list, and employs a mouse to enter an instruction 624 to move or copy it to the image data tree. Then, the selected file is converted from a text file, which is the moving or copying source file form, into an image data file, which is a moving or copying destination file form, and the resultant file is moved or copied into “1997.4.5 file-abc”. As is described above, only the moving or copying operation on the operating screen in FIG. 62 need be performed to convert the file into a file form for a moving or copying destination. FIG. 63 is a flowchart showing the different file form combination processing. This processing will now be described while referring to the flowchart. When the different file form combination processing is initiated, first, at step S631 a user acquires an original file for which moving or copying is designated. At step S632, a check is performed to determine whether the original file designated by the user and the moving or copying destination are valid. When both are valid, program control moves to step S633. When both are invalid, program control moves to step S638, whereat an error message is displayed and the processing is thereafter terminated. At step S633 a format, such as a file form for a moving or copying destination, is acquired, and at step S634, the original file is converted into the obtained format. At step S635, the file is stored at the moving or copying destination, and at step S636, a check is performed to determine whether the user selected the moving of the file. When the user selected the moving of the file, program control goes to step S637, whereat the original file is deleted and the processing is thereafter terminated. In the example in FIG. 62, since the source file to be moved or copied, “file-abc”, has a text format and a file for the moving or copying destination has an image data format, at step S634 the original file is converted to the image data format before the moving or copying process is begun. Through the above processing, as the user can change the format of a required file, while viewing the entire file that is stored and managed, useability can be considerably improved. According to the above described embodiment, the file form can be changed in association with the moving and copying of the file on the display. In addition, the moving and copying of files having different file forms can be easily performed. The present invention can be applied to a system that is constituted by a plurality of devices (e.g., a computer main body, an interface device and a display), or to an apparatus that includes a single device. The following is also included within the scope of the present invention: in order to operate various devices to implement functions in the above embodiment, software program code for implementing the functions in the previous embodiments are supplied to a computer in an apparatus, or in a system that is connected to various devices, and in consonance with the program, the computer (or a CPU or an MPU) in the system or the apparatus operates the devices to accomplish the functions included in the above embodiments. In this case, the program code read from a memory medium accomplishes the functions of the above described embodiments. And the program code and means for supplying the program code to the computer, e.g., a memory medium on which such program code is recorded, constitute the present invention. A memory medium for supplying such program code can be, for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, or a ROM. In addition, not only in a case where the functions in the previous embodiment can be performed when program code is read and executed by the computer, but also in a case where, according to an instruction in the program code, an OS (Operating System) running on the computer, or another application software program, interacts with the program code to accomplish the functions included in the above embodiments, this program code can be included in the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention includes a case where program code, read from a memory medium, is written in a memory that is mounted on a function expansion board inserted into a computer, or in a function expansion unit connected to a computer, and in consonance with a program code instruction, a CPU mounted on the function expansion board or the function expansion unit performs one part, or all, of the actual processing in order to implement the functions included in the above described embodiments. When the present invention is applied for the above memory medium, program code corresponding to the previously described flowcharts is stored in the memory medium. Although the present invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, many apparently widely different embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and the scope thereof. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof except as defined in the appended claims. What is claimed is: 1. An information processing apparatus comprising: presence determination means for determining whether a presence state of a user exists; process decision means for employing the result obtained by said presence determination means to decide what process is to be performed; and processing means for performing said process selected by said process decision means, wherein when said presence determination means determines that a contradiction exists in said user presence state, said process decision means designates a presence contradiction process as a process to be executed. 2. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence determination means determines that a contradiction exists in said user presence state when a presence state determined based on specific information differs from a presence state determined based on other specific information. 3. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for confirming whether a user who is determined to be present at his or her seat is an authorized user. 4. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for notifying said user that a contradiction exists. 5. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for notifying another apparatus of a determination that a contradiction exists. 6. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for locking a process. 7. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for generating an alarm. 8. An information processing method comprising: a presence determination step of determining whether a presence state of a user exists; a process decision step of employing the result obtained at said presence determination step to decide what process is to be performed; and a processing step of performing said process selected at said process decision step, wherein when at said presence determination step it is determined that a contradiction exists in said user presence state, at said process decision step a presence contradiction process is designated as a process to be executed. 9. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein at said presence determination step, it is determined that a contradiction exists in said user presence state when a presence state determined based on specific information differs from a presence state determined based on other specific information. 10. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for confirming whether a user who is determined to be present at his or her seat is an authorized user. 11. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for notifying said user that a contradiction exists. 12. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for notifying another apparatus of a determination that a contradiction exists. 13. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for locking a process. 14. An information processing method according to claim 8, wherein said presence contradiction process is a process for generating an alarm..

US-201816176002-A_2

USPTO

Public Domain

Moreover, Total Resources required may be aggregated across multipleproperties and. Structures. Aggregation of properties may be organizedinto property pools to mitigate risk of anomalies in the Calculation ofFuture Performance. Of course the benefits of property ownership and/ormanagement may also be pooled and compared to the Total Resourcesrequired. In various embodiments, different aspects of calculated FuturePerformance 116 may be aggregated and allocated to disparate parties.For example, first aggregation may relate to man hours of techniciantime for structure repair and maintenance and the fulfillment ofobligations related to the aggregation may be allocated to a firstparty. A second aggregation may relate to machinery Performance andobligations allocated to a second party. A third aggregation may relateto equipment Performance and obligations allocated to a third party.Other aggregations may similarly be allocated to various parties. Insome embodiments, financial obligations incorporating one or both ofacquisition cost and ongoing Deployment costs may be allocated andfinanced as a single loan. Other embodiments include a calculated FuturePerformance cost being incorporated into a purchase price. An important aspect of the present invention includes definition andexecution of Lead Actions based upon one or more of: the AVM Model withAs Built Data 111; Deployment Performance Metrics 112; ModeledPerformance Levels 113; Empirical Metrics Data 114 and Calculations ofFuture Performance 116. Referring now to FIG. 1B, an AVM is generally associated with a Propertythat includes a real estate parcel 109-111, 109A-111A. According to someembodiments, one or more of an improvement, a repair, maintenance and anupgrade are performed on the Property. The Property is identifiedaccording to an automated determination of a location and a particularposition, elevation and direction are further determined automaticallywithin the Property. Smart Devices may be used to access data recordsstored in an AVM according to a unique identifier of a physical locationof the real estate parcel 109-111, 109A-111A. As illustrated, a map of real estate parcels 109-111, 109A-111A is shownwith icons 110A-111A indicating parcels 110-111 that have virtualstructures 110A-111A included in a virtual model associated with theparcels. Other parcels 113 have an indicator 113A indicating that avirtual model is in process of completion. In some methods utilized by the present invention, data in an AVM may beaccessed via increasingly more accurate determinations. A first level ofgeospatial location determinations may be based upon a real estateparcel 109-111, 109A-111A and a second geospatial determination may bemade according to position locators (discussed more fully below)included within the boundaries of the real estate parcel 109-111,109A-111A. Still more accurate location position may be calculatedaccording to one or both of a direction determination and anaccelerometer. The position may be calculated using an accelerometer byassuming a known initial position, and using known methods of numericalintegration to calculate displacement from said initial position.Accordingly, it is within the scope of the present invention to access arecord of a design model for a specific wall portion within a structurebased upon identification of a real estate parcel 109-111, 109A-111A anda location within a structure situated within the real estate parcel109-111, 109A-111A and height and direction. Likewise the presentinvention provides for accessing As Built data and the ability to submitAs Built data for a specific portion of a structure based upon anaccurate position and direction determination. In some implementations of the present invention, a Property uniqueidentifier may be assigned by the AVM and adhere to a standard foruniversally unique identifiers (UUID); other unique identifiers may beadopted from, or be based upon, an acknowledged standard or value. Forexample, in some embodiments, a unique identifier may be based uponCartesian Coordinates, such as GPS coordinates. Other embodiments mayidentify a Property according to one or both of: a street address and atax map number assigned by a county government of other authority. In some embodiments, an AVM may also be associated with a larger groupof properties, such as a manufacturing plant, research and development,assembly, a complex, or other defined arrangement. As illustrated, in some preferred embodiments, an electronic recordcorrelating with a specific Property may be identified and then accessedbased upon coordinates generated by a GPS device, or other electroniclocation device. The GPS device may determine a location and correlatethe determined location with an AVM record listing model data, As Builtdata, improvement data, Performance data, maintenance data, cost ofoperation data, return on investment data and the like. Referring now to FIG. 1C, a relational view of an Augmented VirtualModel 100 with a Virtual Structure 102B is illustrated, as well as aphysical structure 102A. The Augmented Virtual Model 100 includes avirtual model stored in digital form with a design aspect that allowsfor a physical structure 102A suitable for use to be designed andmodeled in a virtual environment. The design aspect may referencePerformance data of features to be included in a Virtual Structure 102Band also reference variables quantifying an intended use of the VirtualStructure 102B. The Virtual Structure 102B and the Augmented VirtualModel 100 may reside in a virtual setting via appropriate automatedapparatus 108. The automated apparatus 108 will typically include one ormore computer servers and automated processors as described more fullybelow and may be accessible via known networking protocols. The Physical Structure 102A may include transceivers 120 or other typeof Sensor or transmitter or receivers that monitor an area of ingressand egress 122, such as a doorway, elevator and/or loading dock.Reference point transceivers 121 may be used as wireless references of ageospatial position. A wireless communication device 139 may also linklogical infrastructure within the structure 102A with a digitalcommunications network. In correlation with the design aspect, the present invention includes anAs Built Model 101 that generates a Virtual Structure 102A in thecontext of the Augmented Virtual Model 100. The As Built Model 101includes virtual details based upon As Built data captured on orproximate to a physical site of a related physical structure 102A. TheAs Built data may be captured, for example, during construction ormodification of a physical structure 102A. The As Built Model 101 may include detailed data including imagecaptures via one or more image capture devices 107 and physicalmeasurements of features included in the physical structure 102A. Thephysical measurements may be during a build phase of the physicalstructure; or subsequent to the build phase of the physical structure.In some embodiments, original As Built measurements may be supplementedwith additional data structure data associated with repairs orimprovements are made to the physical structure. Details of recordablebuild aspects are placed as digital data on a recordable medium 104included in the automated apparatus 108. The digital data included on a recordable medium 104 may thereforeinclude, for example, one or more of: physical measurements capturingExperiential Data; image data (e.g., digital photos captured with a CCDdevice or an Image Capture Device); laser scans; infrared scans andother measurement mediums. One or more records on the recordable medium104 of an As Built structure may be incorporated into the AugmentedVirtual Model 100 thereby maintaining the parallel nature of theAugmented Virtual Model 100 with the physical structure 102A. In some embodiments, As Built data on a recordable medium 104 may begenerated and/or captured via an image capture device 117. As the physical structure is deployed for use, subsequent measurementsthat generate and/or capture Experiential Data may be made andincorporated into the Augmented Virtual Model 100. In addition, a usermay access and update 103 the Augmented Virtual Model 100 to ascertainfeatures of the physical structure 102A that have been virtuallyincorporated into the Augmented Virtual Model 100. In some examples, atablet, handheld network access device (such as, for example a mobilephone) or other device with automated location service may be used todetermine a general location of a physical structure 102A. For example,a smart phone with GPS capabilities may be used to determine a physicaladdress of a physical structure, such as 123 Main Street. Stored recordscontaining data relating to 123 Main Street may be accessed via theInternet or other distributed network. In addition to the use of GPS to determine a location of a User Device,the present invention provides for a real estate parcel with a physicalstructure 102A that includes more radio frequency (or other mechanism)location identifiers 109. Location identifiers 109 may include, forexample, radio transmitters at a defined location that may be used toaccurately identify via triangulation, a position of a user device 106,such as a: tablet, smart phone or virtual reality device. The positionmay be determined via triangulation, single strength, time delaydetermination or other process. In some embodiments, triangulation maydetermine a location of a user device within millimeters of accuracy. Other location identifiers may include, by way of non-limiting example,RFID chips, a visual markings (i.e. a hash or barcode), pins or otheraccurately placed indicators. Placement of the location identifiers maybe included in the AVM and referenced as the location of the physicaluser device is determined. As described above, specific locationidentifiers may be referenced in the context of GPS coordinates or othermore general location identifiers. Based upon the calculated location of the user device 106, details ofthe physical structure 102A may be incorporated into the VirtualStructure 102B and presented to a user via a graphical user interface(GUI) on the user device 106. For example, a user may approach a physical structure and activate anapp on a mobile user device 106. The app may cause the user device 106to activate a GPS circuit included in the user device and determine ageneral location of the user device 106, such as a street addressdesignation. The general location will allow a correct AVM 104B to beaccessed via a distributed network, such as the Internet. Once accessed,the app may additionally search for one or more location identifiers 109of a type and in a location recorded in the AVM. An AVM may indicatethat one or more RFID chips are accessible in a kitchen, a living roomand each bedroom of a structure. The user may activate appropriateSensors to read the RFID chips and determine their location. In anotheraspect, an Augmented Virtual Model 100 may indicate that locationidentifiers 109 are placed at two or more corners (or other placement)of a physical structure 102A and each of the location identifiers 109may include a transmitter with a defined location and at a definedheight. The user device 106, or other type of controller, may thentriangulate with the location identifiers 109 to calculate a preciselocation and height within the physical structure. Similarly, a direction may be calculated via a prescribed movement ofthe user device 106 during execution of code that will record a changein position relative to the location identifiers 109. For example, auser smart device, such as a smart phone or user device 106 may bedirected towards a wall or other structure portion and upon execution ofexecutable code, the smart device may be moved in a generally tangentialdirection towards the wall. The change in direction of the user device106 relative to the location identifiers 109 may be used to calculate adirection. Based upon a recorded position within the structure 102A andthe calculated direction, a data record may be accessed in the AugmentedVirtual Model 100 and a specific portion of the Augmented Virtual Model100 and/or the Virtual Structure 102B may be presented on the userdevice 106. In other embodiments, a direction may be made, or verifiedvia a mechanism internal to the smart device, such as a compass oraccelerometer. In still another aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments,transmissions from one or more location identifiers 109 may becontrolled via one or more of: encryption; encoding; passwordprotection; private/public key synchronization or other signal accessrestriction. Control of access to location identifiers 109 may be usefulin multiple respects, for example, a location identifier mayadditionally function to provide access to data, a distributed networkand/or the Internet. The Virtual Structure 102B may include one or both of: historical dataand most current data relating to aspects viewable or proximate to theuser device 106 while the user device is at the calculated location inthe physical structure 102A. In this way, the parallel virtual world ofthe Augmented Virtual Model 100 and the Virtual Structure 102B maypresent data from the virtual world that emulates aspects in thephysical world, and may be useful to the user accessing the user device106, while the user device is at a particular physical location. Asdiscussed within this document, data presented via the Augmented VirtualModel 100 may include one or more of: design data, As Built data,Experiential Data, Performance data relating to machinery and/orfeatures of the Augmented Virtual Model 100 or physical structure;maintenance data, and annotations. Annotations may include, for example, a user's or designer's noterecorded at a previous time (such as a Service Technician's notation), aservice bulletin, maintenance log, operation instructions or a personalnote to a subsequent user, such as a virtual “John Smith was here” suchguest log indicating who had frequented the location. Annotations mayinclude one or both of text and image data. For example, an annotationmay include an image of the location captured at a given time and date.The image may be of a personal nature, i.e. the living room while theSmith's owned the structure, or a professional nature, i.e. the livingroom after being painted by XYZ Contractor on a recorded date. In someembodiments, annotations may be used to indicate completion of a workorder. Recordation of completion of a work order may in turn trigger apayment mechanism for paying an entity contracted to complete the workorder. In another aspect, annotations may relate to an AVM or a VirtualStructure as a whole, or to a particular aspect that is proximate to alocation of the user device within the Virtual Structure. In some embodiments, details of a proposed use of a structure and parcelmay be input into a design module and used to specify or recommendfeatures to be included in an Augmented Virtual Model 100. According to the present invention, features of a Structure and parcelare generated within a digital design model and then tracked as thefeatures are implemented in a build process and further tracked inPerformance of the structure as it is placed into use. To the extentavailable, Performance is tracked in the context of variables relatingto use. Variables may include, for example: a use of the structure, suchas manufacturing, processing, or habitation; a number of resourcesaccessing in a structure; demographics of the human resources; number ofmonths per year the structure is deployed for use; which months of theyear a structure is deployed for use; which hours of the day thestructure is occupied and other relevant information. As Experiential Sensor Readings are generated they may be memorializedto generate Experiential Data associated with a physical structure 102A.The Experiential Data is collected and analyzed via structured queriesand may also be analyzed with Artificial Intelligence processes such asunstructured queries to derive value. In some embodiments, ExperientialData may also be associated with a human and/or an animal interactingwith the structure 102A. Whereas former process plants were generallydesigned and built to mitigate against variability in a human 118 andbetween disparate humans 118. The present invention allows for humanvariability to be monitored via sensors 119 and the structure to bemodified to optimally inter-relate with the values for variablesattributable to a human 118 that will inhabit or otherwise interact withthe structure 102A. Human (and/or animal) may be quantified with sensors119 installed on or proximate to the Human 118. Alternatively, sensors117 located in, or proximate to, a structure 102A may be used to monitorhuman variability. Biosensors may be used to provide empirical data ofhumans 118 interacting with a structure may be analyzed using structuredor unstructured queries to device relationships between structureperformance and human biometrics. Accordingly, sensors may be used toquantify interaction between a human 118 and an As Built structure 102Aaccording to physiological and behavioral data, social interactions, andenvironmental factors within the structure, actions undertaken,movements, and almost any quantifiable aspect. As Built Features and biometrics may be further utilized to controlvarious structure automation devices. Structure automation devices mayinclude, by way of non-limiting example one or more of: automated locksor other security devices; thermostats, lighting, heating, chemicalprocessing, cutting, molding, laser shaping, 3D printing, assembly,cleaning, packaging and the like. Accordingly, a structure with recordedAs Built design features and vibration sensors may track activities in astructure and determine that a first occupant associated with a firstvibration pattern of walking is in the structure. Recorded vibrationpatterns may indicate that person one is walking down a hallway andautomatically turn on appropriated lighting and adjust one or more of:temperature, sound and security. Security may include locking doors forwhich person one is not programmed to access. For example, a firstpattern of vibration may be used to automatically ascertain that aperson is traversing an area of a structure for which a high level ofsecurity is required or an area that is designated for limited accessdue to safety concerns. As Built data has been collected. Otherstructure automation may be similarly deployed according to As Builtdata, occupant profiles, biometric data, time of day, or othercombination of available sensor readings. Referring now to FIG. 1D, according to the present invention a virtualmodel 120 is generated that correlates with a physical facility 102A andincludes virtual representations of As Built features and ExperientialData. As discussed more fully herein, the virtual model may include anAVM 111 with As Built data, such as image data and measurements,included within the model. In addition, sensor data may be collectedover time and incorporated into the AVM 111. The AVM 111 may includevirtual representations of one or more of: sensors 125; equipment126-128; controls 131; infrastructure 129, such as HVAC, utilities, suchas electric and water, gas lines, data lines, etc. and vantage points121. In some implementations, a virtual reality headset may be worn by a userto provide an immersive experience from a vantage point 121 such thatthe user will experience a virtual representation of what it would belike to be located at the vantage point 121 within the facility 122 at aspecified point in time. The virtual representation may include acombination of Design Features, As Built Data and Experiential Data. Avirtual representation may therefore include a virtual representation ofimage data via the visual light spectrum, image data via infrared lightspectrum, noise and vibration reenactment. Although some specific typesof exemplary sensor data have been described, the descriptions are notmeant to be limiting unless specifically claimed as a limitation and itis within the scope of this invention to include a virtualrepresentation based upon other types of captured sensor data may alsobe included in the AVM 111 virtual reality representation. Referring now to FIG. 1E, a user 131 is illustrated situated within anAVM 111. The user 131 will be virtually located at a Vantage Point 137and may receive data 136, including, but not limited to one or more of:image data 134, audio data 135 and Ambient Data 136. The user 131 mayalso be provided with controls 133. Controls 133 may include, forexample, zoom, volume, scroll of data fields and selection of datafields. Controls may be operated based upon an item of Equipment 132within a Field of View 138 of the User 131 located at a vantage point137 and viewing a selected direction (Z axis). The user is presentedwith Image Data from within the AVM 111 that includes As Built data andvirtual design data. Additional examples may include sensor arrays, audio capture arrays andcamera arrays with multiple data collection angles that may be complete360 degree camera arrays or directional arrays, for example, in someexamples, a sensor array (including image capture sensors) may includeat least 120 degrees of data capture, additional examples include asensor array with at least 180 degrees of image capture; and still otherexamples include a sensor array with at least 270 degrees of imagecapture. In various examples, data capture may include sensors arrangedto capture image data in directions that are planar or oblique inrelation to one another. Referring now to FIG. 2, a functional block illustrates variouscomponents of some implementations of the present invention. Accordingto the present invention automated apparatus included in the AVM 201 areused to generate a model of a Virtual Structure (“VPS”) and may alsoincorporate a model and associated real estate parcel (“VPS”). One ormore pieces of equipment that will be deployed in the Property may beincluded into the augmented virtual model 201, equipment may include,for example: machinery 222; building support items 212, and utilitiessupport 213. The AVM 201 may model operational levels 204 duringdeployment of a facility and associated machinery, equipment, furniture,or other fixtures included in the AVM 201. Machinery 211 may include,for example, manufacturing tools, robots or other automation, transporttools, chemical processing machine, physical processing machine,assembly machine, heat processing machine, cooling machine, depositiondevice, etching device, welding apparatus, cutting apparatus, formingtool, drilling tool, shaping tool, transport machine, structureautomation, air purification or filter systems, noise containment deviceand the like. Utility support equipment may include cabling, dishantennas, Wi-Fi, water softener, water filter, power, chemical supply,gas supply, compressed air supply and the like, as well as uptime anddowntime associated with a facility utility and uptime and down time 243of one or more aspects of the facility. The AVM 201 calculates a predicted Performance of the AVM and generatesOperational Levels 204 based upon the Performance 222, wherein“Performance” may include one or more of: total cost of deployment 214;operational experience 203 which may include one or both of: objectiveempirical measurements and satisfaction of operator's use an As Builtphysical model based upon the AVM; operational expectations 204, totalmaintenance cost 206, and residual value of an As Built following a termof years of occupation and use of an As Built Facility based upon theAVM. Performance 221 may also be associated with a specific item ofmachinery 211. In another aspect, actual Operational Experience 203 may be monitored,quantified and recorded by the AVM 201. Data quantifying the OperationalExperience 203 may be collected, by way of non-limiting example, fromone or more of: Sensors incorporated into an As Built structure;maintenance records; utility records indicating an amount of energy 202(electricity, gas, heating oil) consumed; water usage; periodicmeasurements of an As Built structure, such as an infra-red scan ofclimate containment, air flow through air handlers, water flow, waterquality and the like; user surveys and maintenance and replacementrecords. In still another aspect, a warranty 205 covering one or both of partsand labor associated with an As Built structure may be tracked,including replacement materials 207. The warranty 205 may apply to anactual structure, or one or more of machinery 211; building support 212item; and utility support item 213. The AVM 201 may take into account a proposed usage of a Deployment of aStructure based upon values for Deployment variables, and specifyaspects of one or more of: Machine s 211; building support 212; andutility support 213 based upon one or both of a proposed usage andvalues for Deployment variables. Proposed usage may include, forexample, how many human resources will occupy a Structure, demographicsof the resources that will occupy the Structure; percentage of time thatthe Structure will be occupied, whether the Structure is a primaryresidence, whether the Structure is a leased property and typicalduration of leases entered into, environmental conditions experienced bythe Structure , such as exposure to ocean salt, Winter conditions,desert conditions, high winds, heavy rain, high humidity, or otherweather conditions. In another aspect, Deployment may relate to biometrics or other dataassociated with specific occupants of a structure. Accordingly, in someembodiments, sensors may monitor biologically related variables ofoccupants and/or proposed occupants. The biometric measurements may beused to determine one or both of Lead Actions and Lag Metrics. Leadactions may include one or more of: use of specific building materials,selection of design aspects; Deployment of structure equipment;Deployment of machinery; terms of a lease; length of a lease: terms of amaintenance contract; and structure automation controls. According to the present invention, design aspects and structurematerials 210 may also be based upon the proposed usage and values forDeployment variables. For example, a thicker exterior wall with higherinsulation value may be based upon a structures location in an adverseenvironment. Accordingly, various demographic considerations andproposed usage of a structure may be used as input in specifying almostany aspect of a Structure. Total Cost of Deployment (TCD) In still another consideration, a monetary value for one or more of: aTotal Cost of Deployment (“TCD”). Total maintenance cost (“TMC”) and adesired return on investment (“ROI”) for a Property may be used as inputfor one or more design aspects included in an Augmented Virtual ModelSystem 200. Total Cost of Ownership, Total Maintenance Cost and ROI maybe used to determine optimal values of variables 202-205, 210-213specified in an Augmented Virtual Model System 200 and incorporated intoan As Built structure, and other improvements to a real estate parcel. A Total Cost of Deployment 214 may change based upon a time period 215used to assess the Total Cost of Deployment 214. A ROI may include oneor more of: a rental value that may produce a revenue stream, a resalevalue, a cost of operation, real estate taxes based upon structurespecifications and almost any other factor that relates to one or bothof a cost and value. Desirable efficiency and Performance may be calculated according to oneor more of: established metrics, measurement protocols and pastexperience. The AVM 201 and associated technology and software may beused to support a determination of a TCD. In another aspect, a TCD maybe based upon an assembly of multiple individual metrics, procedures toassess metrics, procedures to adjust and optimize metrics and proceduresto apply best results from benchmark operations. In the course ofmanaging Total Cost of Ownership, in some examples, initial steps mayinclude design aspects that model an optimal design based upon TotalCost of Ownership metrics and also model designed algorithms used toassess Total Cost of Ownership metrics. In the following examples, various aspects of Total Cost of Deployment214, Total Maintenance Costs, and associated metrics, are considered inthe context of calculating a target Total Cost of Deployment 214.Accordingly, the AVM may be used to TCD optimization. A designed Structure is ultimately built at a site on a real estateparcel. A build process may be specified and provide metrics that may beused in a process designed by a AVM 201 and also used as a physicalbuild proceeds. In some examples, time factors associated with aphysical build may be important, and in some examples time factorsassociated with a physical build may be estimated, measured and actedupon as they are generated in a physical build process. Examples of timefactors may include, one or more of: a time to develop and approve siteplans; a time to prepare the site and locate community providedutilities or site provided utilities; a time to lay foundations; a timeto build structure; a time to finish structure; a time to installinternal utilities and facilities related aspects; a time to install,debug, qualify and release equipment; times to start production runs andto certify compliance of production are all examples of times that canbe measured by various techniques and sensing equipment on a Structure'ssite. Various time factors for a build are valuable and may becomeincreasingly valuable as a physical build proceeds since the monetaryinvestment in the project builds before revenue flows and monetaryinvestments have clearly defined cost of capital aspects that scale withthe time value of money. Various build steps may include material flows of various types.Material flow aspects may be tracked and controlled for cost andefficiency. Various materials may lower a build materials cost, butraise time factors to complete the build. Logical variations may becalculated and assessed in an AVM 201 and optimal build steps may begenerated and/or selected based upon a significance placed upon variousbenefits and consequences of a given variable value. Physical buildmeasurements and/or sensing on physical build projects may also be usedas input in an assessment of economic trade-offs. The equipment deployed may incur a majority of a build cost dependingupon user defined target values. The AVM may model and presentalternatives including one or more of: cost versus efficiency, quality240, time to build, life expectancy, market valuation over time. A costto build may be correlated with cost to deploy and eventual resale. Anoverall model of a Total Cost of Deployment 214 may include any or allsuch aspects and may also include external. In some examples, the natureof equipment trade-offs may be static and estimations may be made fromprevious results. In some other examples, changes in technology,strategic changes in sourcing, times of acquisition and the like mayplay into models of Total Cost of Deployment 214. In some examples, an initial efficiency of design which incurs largecosts at early stages of a project may have a dominant impact on TotalCost of Deployment 214 when time factors are weighted to real costs. Inother examples, the ability of a Structure to be flexible over time andto be changed in such flexible manners, where such changes areefficiently designed may dominate even if the initial cost aspects maybe less efficient due to the need to design in flexibility. As aStructure is built, and as it is operated the nature of changingcustomer needs may create dynamic aspects to estimations of Total Costof Deployment 214. Therefore, in some examples, estimates on theexpected dynamic nature of demands on a Structure may be modeled againstthe cost aspects of flexibility to model expectations of Total Cost ofDeployment 214 given a level of change. In some examples, factors that may be less dependent on extrinsicfactors, such as product demand and the like may still be importantmetrics in Total Cost of Deployment 214. Included in the As Builtfactors may be calculations such as HVAC temperature load, in whichpersonnel and seasonal weather implications may be important. AVM modelsmay include a user interface to receive value useful in the AVM models.In addition, electronic monitoring, via Sensors that may determineenergy consumption, includes for example: electricity, fuel oil, naturalgas, propane and the like may be useful for estimation and measurement. Temperatures may be monitored by thermocouples, semiconductor junctionbased devices or other such direct measurement techniques. In otherexamples, temperature and heat flows may be estimated based on photonbased measurement, such as surveying the Structure with infra-redimaging or the like. Utility load may be monitored on a Structure wide basis and/or at pointof use monitoring equipment located at hubs or individual pieces ofequipment itself. Flow meters may be inline, or external to pipes wiresor conduits. Gases and liquid flows may be measured with physical flowmeasurements or sound based measurement. In other examples, electricitymay be monitored as direct current measurements or inferred inductivecurrent measurement. In some examples, the nature and design of standard usage patterns of aStructure and an associated environment may have relevance to Total Costof Ownership. For example, usage that includes a larger number ofingress and egress will expose an HVAC system to increased load andusage that includes a significant number of waking hours withinhabitants in the building may incur increased usage of one or more of:machinery 211; building support devices 212; and utilities 234. The nature and measurement aspects of vibration in the Structure mayalso be modeled and designed as the Structure is built. There may benumerous means to measure vibrations from capacitive and resistive basedmeasurements to optical based measurements that measure a subtle changein distance scale as a means of detecting vibration. Vibration mayresult from a Structure being located proximate to a roadway, train,subway, airport, tidal flow or other significant source of relativelyconsistent vibration. Vibration may also be more periodic, such asearthquake activity. In still another aspect, vibration may result fromhuman traffic within the Property. The use of vibration monitoringSensors may indicate various activities that take place within thestructure and facilitate more accurate modeling of a life expectancy ofvarious aspects of the structure as well as machines located within thestructure. Noise levels are another type of vibrational measurement which isfocused on transmission through the atmosphere of the Structure. In somecases, noise may emanate from one location after moving through solidstructure from its true source at another location. Thus, measurement ofambient sound with directional microphones or other microphonic sensingtypes may be used to elucidate the nature and location of noiseemanations. In some cases, other study of the noise emanations may leadto establishment of vibrational measurement of different sources ofnoise. Floors, ceilings, doorways, countertops, windows and otheraspects of a Structure may be monitored in order to quantify andextrapolate noise levels. Noise and vibrational measurement devices maybe global and monitor a region of a Structure, or they may be inherentlyincorporated into or upon individual equipment of the Structure. In some examples, models of a Structure (including original models andAs Built models) may include routings of pipes, wires, conduits andother features of a Structure and the installed equipment that havestructure. Together with models of the building structure and theequipment placed in the building the various routed structures may bemarried in a detailed AVM 201. In another aspect, an AVM 201 may include conflicts between the physicalstructures may be detected and avoided in the design stage at farimproved cost aspects. In some examples, a designer may virtuallyascertain a nature of the conflict and alter a design in virtual spaceto optimize operational aspects. Additionally, in some embodiments, anAs Built model may be generated during and after a Structure is builtfor various purposes. In some examples, a technician may inspect aStructure for conformance of the build to the designed model. In otherexamples, as an As Built Structure is altered to deal with neededchanges, changes will be captured and included in the As Built AVM 201. In another aspect of the present invention, the AVM 201 may be used togenerate a virtual reality model of a Property, including one or morestructures that may be displayed via user interface that includes animmersion of the user into a virtual setting. Immersion may beaccomplished, for example, via use of a virtual reality headset withvisual input other than a display screen is limited. In someembodiments, a virtual setting may be generated based upon a location ofthe user. For example, GPS coordinates may indicate a Property and auser may wear a headset that immerses the user in a virtual realitysetting. The virtual reality setting may display one or more virtualmodels of structures that may be potentially constructed on theProperty. Embodiments may include models generated, standard modeling softwaresuch as BIM 360™ field which may support the display of a Structuredesign in a very complete level of detail. Modeling of a Structure inits location or proposed location, or in multiple proposed locations,may be useful from a Total Cost of Ownership perspective, especiallyfrom an evaluation of the nature of a site layout including real estateproperty parcel options and the like. In some examples, a virtual display observed in the field at the site ofan As Built or proposed build may allow for design changes and designevaluations to be viewed in a space before build is completed. Forexample, a structure may be completed to the extent that walls, floorsand ceilings are in place. A user may utilize a virtual display tounderstand the layout difference for different designs and the designsmay be iterated from designs with the least flexibility to more flexibleyet more complex designs. In some examples, the design systems may include various types offeatures such as building structure, walls, ducts, utilities, pipes,lighting, and electrical equipment. The design systems are augmentedwith As Built Data and Experiential Data. The design and modeling systems may be utilized to simulate and projectcost spending profiles and budgeting aspects. The modeling systems maytherefore be useful during the course of an audit, particularly whencomparing actual versus projected spending profiles. The comparison ofvarious spend sequencing may be used to optimize financing costs,maintenance, refurbishing and sequencing. The AVM 201 may be useful toprovide early estimates, and for cost tracking versus projections whichmay be visualized as displays across a virtual display of the building,facilities and equipment. Energy/Utilities Cost: There may be numerous examples of tradeoffs insources of electric energy to a Structure. For example, a site may bedesigned with various utility supplies for power, with tailored powermanagement systems to balance the capacitance and impedance of theeffective load to minimize electricity cost. In addition, variousalternative forms of electric energy may be assessed and designed.Solar, geothermal and Wind generated electric power may make economicsense under certain conditions and may have time of day and seasonalrelevance. The design of flexible support facilities for theinstallation of initial energy generation capacity with provision forthe addition of additional capacity may be assessed. In some instances,backup power generation may be designed to ensure that a Structure mayrun at some level for a certain period of time. In some cases, this mayallow for continued production, in other examples, backup power may givea Structure the time to idle and shut down capacity in a safer and lessdamaging manner. In some examples, an energy source for heating, cooling, humidificationand dehumidification equipment may be modeled and managed. In someexamples, a source of energy used may be one or more of electric,natural gas, propane, fuel oil or natural gas. Emergency backup may alsobe modeled and managed. Various choices between electric sources. Solarand fuel based energy consumption may be modeled and controlled based onupon market forecasts. Estimates may be periodically adjusted accordingto world and/or market events. Enhanced inspection, and guidance capabilities enabled via ongoingelectronic Sensor measurements may facilitate one or more of:maintenance, expansion and optimization of Structure features, operationProperty equipment and maintenance models. Ongoing monitoring via Sensordata collection also increases knowledge of machines and operations, orother useful capacities towards knowing the state of the Structure. Decisions related to maintenance of equipment and facilities may beimportant decisions that modeling and operational management systemssupport. The various cost elements that may go into modeling mayinclude, for example, one or more variables related to consumables, suchas: a cost of consumables; frequency of replacement 241, quantity ofconsumables 242, life of replaced parts, nature of failures of differentpart types; manpower associated with planned and unplanned maintenanceand expected and actual life of equipment Inside of a functional Structure, augmented reality functions viewablein an AVM 201 including an AVM may be used to guide operators,surveyors, repair workers, or other individuals, through the Structure.As one non-limiting example, a tablet, mobile device, or other smalldevice with a screen, imaging, and other sensing capabilities may beused in an augmented reality fashion towards this function. As described above, facing a mobile device towards an area in aStructure and movement of the mobile device in a particular pattern maybe used to ascertain a specific area of the Structure for which AVM 201data should be accessed. A combination of one or more of: image,location, orientation, and other Sensors may also be used to identify tothe mobile device, which wall segment, building aspect, machinery orequipment the device is identifying. A location of mobile device, aheight and an angle of view may also be utilized to determine aspects ofthe structure for which a virtual model is being requested. In some embodiments, a user may be presented with various layers ofdata, including, for example, one or more of: structural aspects of theStructure , plumbing, electrical, data runs, material specifications orother documentation, including but not limited to: basic identifyinginformation, installation information, service records, safety manuals,process records, expected service schedule, among many otherpossibilities. A plurality of information may be thus easily accessible inside theStructure, and may be used for a variety of functions, including findinga specific machine to then diagnose and service a problem, regularinspection of equipment, guided tours of the Structure, or many otherfunctions. This information may be conveyed to the individual in aplurality of possible formats, such as lists that show up on the screen,clickable icons that show up next to the equipment in a Virtual Reality(“VR”) camera feed, or many other possibilities. These functions mayalso be accessible in a hands-free VR format with a VR headset, or othersuch device. As the user is inside a Structure, the user may receive a plurality ofinformation, instructions, etc. while the user is proximate to thevarious aspects of the structures. For example, the user machinesthemselves, seeing them work, hearing the sounds they make, etc. tobetter inspect or service, among other possible functions, theStructure's equipment. With VR systems, similar travel, guidance, orinspection capabilities for a functional Structure may be achievedcompletely remotely from the Structure itself. Additionally, with VRsystems, these capabilities may occur prior, during, or after theconstruction and deployment of a Structure. A VR system may constitute a headset or lens system with stereoscopicviewing capabilities, a sound conveying means, such as headphones, andvarious forms of user input, such as a handheld controller or footpedals as non-limiting examples. Various forms of imaging, surveying, ormodeling technology may be used to generate virtual models of afunctional Structure. As a non-limiting example, exploring such a modelwith a VR system may be used to examine layout, functioning, or otherparameters of a Structure before its construction. As an alternativenon-limiting example, exploring a model possibly generated by sensingtechnology in real time, or over a period of time prior to viewing witha VR system, may allow for inspection or demonstration capabilities in alocation entirely remotely from the actual Structure itself. This mayinclude both imagery and sounds captured within the Structure. Collection of data may additionally include actual service lifeexperienced and performance of equipment used in an AVM which therebyenables enhanced modeling of a life expectancy of equipment included inan Augmented Virtual Model 100 and an As Built structure. VariousSensors may gather relevant data related to one or more of: use ofmachinery and equipment, performance of machinery items of equipment andan ambient environment inside or proximate to machinery and equipment.In addition, an unstructured query relating to the functioning or lifeexpectancy of equipment may be generated by a processor to access andinterpret data, thereby deriving relevant input to a decision makerbased upon analysis of the data. Various examples of data to be acquired, relating to life expectancy ofequipment, may include, but is not limited to, hours of operation,conditions of operation (whether and how long the equipment may berunning under capacity, at rated capacity, or over capacity), or manyenvironmental conditions for operation; environmental conditions mayinclude the ambient temperature (or the difference in ambienttemperature from an ideal or other measured value), ambient humidity (orthe difference in ambient humidity from an ideal or other measuredvalue), ambient air particulate content (or a comparison of the currentair particulate level to a filter change schedule), presence orconcentration of ambient gasses (if relevant) such as carbon dioxide, orother gas, a number of times of ingress or egress into the Structurewhich may change ambient conditions or other trackable data. Identification of Equipment Identification capabilities may be facilitated or improved for one ormore of: structural aspects, machinery, equipment and utility supportwithin the Structure. This identification may take many forms throughvarious means of query and communication, and may be facilitated throughvarious hardware and/or software means. Non-limiting examples may include image based identification; a devicewith some imaging means, including but not limited to a mobile devicecamera, tablet device camera, computer camera, security camera, or ARheadset camera may image the equipment to be identified. Imagerecognition software may be used to identify the visualized equipment byits identifying features. Machine learning may be used to train systemsusing this software to identify specific features of the equipment inquestion. Other types of visual identifiers including but not limited toQR codes, may be used to visually identify equipment. An additional non-limiting example may include location basedidentification; a device with some location means, including but notlimited to GPS, internal dead-reckoning, or other means, may be used todetermine a location within a Structure. Identifying information forequipment at or near the measured location may be accessed forassessment, based on its proximity to the location based signal. An additional non-limiting example may also include direction basedidentification; with a fixed location, or in tandem with a locationmeans, a device may have capabilities to deduce orientation basedinformation of the device. This orientation information may be used todeduce a direction that the device is pointing in. This direction basedinformation may be used to indicate that the device is pointing to aspecific piece of equipment that may be identified. An additional non-limiting example may also include As Built sensor andsensor generated experiential data based identification; identifyinginformation for various equipment may be stored and accessed within adatabase storing this information. This information may be accessed byvarious means by a user with certain qualification to that information.

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tereuntem, interturbabat quid hoc esset. Dixerunt autem ei Marcellus quod lesus Naxarenus transiret. Et clamavit, dicens: Sis, Justus David, miserere mei. Et quidquam advinzent, increpabant eum ut taceret. Ipse autem multo magis clamabat: Sis David, miserere mei. Stans autem risu, usitlit illum adduci ad se. Et cum approbavit, quia dicens: Quid tibi vis faciam, sic ledixit: Da mihi um quam videris. Et ilus dixit illi: Responde, fides tua te salvum fecit. Et confessus vidit, quod sequebatur illum, magnificans Deum, Et omnis plebis vidit, dedit laudem Deo. Eadem est historia cum ea de qua Matth.20. et Luca.6. Quos autem Mare et Lucas unum tantum casum scribunt, quem et nominat Marcus Bartholomeum, non tamen negant duos fuiste, quemadmodum Matthaeus scribit sed et idem factum lit in duobus, atque in unius suffragio consensuabant Marco et Luca unius tantum meminerunt. Sed difficultas hoc loco est, cum Matthaeus de duobus dicat, et Marcus de uno, qui egredentur illic de Jericho, quod miraculum; et Lucas ostenset, cum appropinquaret Jericho, an diversa sint miracula? Cura re dicendum est hoc Lucus miraculum futum esse nondum ingresses Jericho a Christo, cuius miracula fama nondum audita. Duo autem alia quotum prae, principum Barthus memorat, egrediente Christo ab urbe sani feruntur. Vel ergo ante ingressionem ambas sani fuerunt, sed non publicati, in egredione vero publicati, quia ipsos sequebantur vel duo Fuerunt miracula, ut alienis place; Vide Matt.ao. Chriftus ingressus Jericho, ad Zachaeum diverens ipsum conducit, lubens decem malum, decem servorum consilium miserere suum timorem incutit, super pullum asinas exultantibus multis lacerto ingressus, videns vero civitatem, super illam sievit, et ingressus templum, ab eo vendentes et ementes eiecit. E TInguae perambulabat serno. Et ecce virum Zaccaeus, qui erat publicanus, ipse dives. Et quarebat videre Jesum quidem quid non poterat pro turba qua erat. Et praecurrens alterum in arborem quorum, videre eum, quia inde erat transeundi. Et cum venit ad locum, siccit leitis vidit illum, dixit ad eum: Zachaeus demetende, quia hodie in domo tua oportet mihi manere. Et siccitans defendens, excepit illum gaudentes. In Betulia civitatis est inter Jordanem et Jerusalem. Nota est autem Zachaeus historia, qui cura publicanus, hominum genus ludendi insula et infame sedit, imo publicanorum princips, ac dives. Voluit tamen apud eum divertere Christus, ostendere peccatores non dignari, cuius gratia venerat; simul ostendere non essim impossible apud Deum divites salvari. Neque putandum est omnes publicanos avaros fuissent, aut usurarios, et alioqui improbi: ut patet ex consessione vexisse, quam Bonus insolenter aut superbe facit, ut pharisaeus judicaret sicut modeste, qualis Christus rogare volens, quid faciendum sibi superest. Et cum videre omnes murmurabant, dicens, quod ad hominem peccatorem divergere. Stans autem Zachaeus, dixit ad Jesum: Ecce, dimidium bonorum meorum do paupers sibi, quid aliquem defraudavi, reddo quadruplum. Ait Jesus ad eum: Quia hodie salvo in domus tua salsum est; eo quod ipse salsus est Ahaz. Venientem plurimos hominum querere, salum facere quod perierat. Phaethon & exteri Ludix Christi indignabatur, quod imperfectos publicanos divertere, Genvic de Matthus legis salutare, sed limine ignorantes, ob quos cum illis convertebantur. Et sicut sequitur mutatio de excelso. Cumque iam ardentem Geum ex ingenti Christi videndi desiderio producatus elicit, pronuntiavit eum Dominus cum tota familia sua salutem esse salsum, Sycomorus arbor est, quam Dolcondes dicit Sycamorum, excipit tamen dicitur quidem dicitur quod morus nostra lectum herbarios. Quidam tamen dicunt et Geum sativum, iuxta nemine etymologiam, Nam Geum Aegyptiacum. Quod vero interpres ait: quod si Geum Abrahae, non forte obprobius, sed ob Geum qui Aitim Christi se vocanti parauit. Hace illis audientibus, adjungens dixit parabolam, eo quia eis prope Jerusaleme, quia excipiebant quod consilium regni Dei manu sejletteur. Dixit ergo: homo quandmodi, novicior in regionem longinquam yacquebifbem regnum souvereerti. Vocatis autem decem servulis dedit decem minuti, negociamini dum venio. Civis autem eius oderant eum, et miserunt legationem, sed illos dices: Nolumus hunc regnare super nos. Hic homo dicitur nobilis non apud Matthaeum. Expedantibus illis regni terreni declarationem, Christus hac parabola rem aliter ostendat, quam expedirent, indicat. Cum audiebant eum, Sprious dicentem, appropinquabat regnum Dei, & quia ascendebat in altam, opinabantur eum velle adire regni hereditatem: quem errorem hac parabola taxat. Quod autem ait: Nolumus hunc regnare super nos, referuntur non ad legatos, sed ad ipso civis mittentes, qui intercederent verba, & legatos mitterent, qui nobili sua voluntate indicarent. Hic autem vir nobilis, aut nobili sanguine prognatus id. Enim Gnosticis, qui ivit in hydriis, quod habet Lucas, Christi elus de patre Deo ab externo natus, de virgine matre, per incertum. Christus, origine Davidica orta, in tempore hominis, abijt per ascensionem suam in regionem longinquam, qua nulla longior, quam caelum supra terram, ut acciperet a proposito regnum, et revertereturi ad regnum de quo regnum dicit. "Domine", Dominus. "O Pote mihi sed a dextris meis, donec pones inimicos tuos sub calcam pedum tuorum. Sicut enim viventis Christi regnum est, et prout dicit Salathiel: "vivimus". Data est mihi omnis potestas in caelo et in terra, tamen nondum vire in regni huius possessio, donec in unico sufficiens iudicio omnes inimicos sub pedibus eius posuent; et volint, nolint, confessi sic iactant illum super omnia regnare. In viris autem piebus tuus primum regnare capit, quando iam plane domata cerna toti ei parere caperunt. Abijt ergo per ascensionem in longinquam caeli regionem, longeque a mundo, et mundanis distantem, ut pacificum tandem in omnia acciperet, et revertetur ad generale scilicet iudicium, unicuique pro meritis praemium redditurus, quidara interpretantur, ut acciperet regnum super universos ordines angelorum. Quod licet per assumpta a verbo humanitatem semel habuerit, nondum tamen ante ascensionem hujmodi possessionem increassat erat divini verbi humanitas. Quod quidem per quidem decem menses divisit, vide Bduus de asie, quid sit mors seu vita. Simile enim est ei, quod Matthaeus vocat talentum. De quorum distributione illic videto. Hoc tamen adathum Lucas addit, quod proficienti illi miserunt civis legatos, qui eius imperium deferere valebant, neque amplius ferere polle dicerent; quippe qui cum oderant. Civis istic qui Christum regem suum oderant, luda aequo, sut, ac Phanilimprimis, de quibus ipse ait: "Nunc autem viderunt me, et oderunt me gratis, et patrem meum. Isti miserunt legationem ad Christum post resurrectionem eorum, qui illorum nomine imperium eius desirent, quando cum discipulis Paulus aliosque miserunt, qui Christi nominis invocatores caperent ac via Jerusalemit adducerent. At putes hoc esse felius, quam verbis imperium eius detestare, nominis illius professores capere ac vincire. Et si iste esset redire accepto regno, tusti vocari esset vobus, Christus dedit scientiam, ut satis et quantum quis negotiat. Matth. sic venit amicem primus, dicens: Dominus, numina tua. Et ait illi, Euge bone servo, quia sis moresco fidelis, et super decem dilexit. Et alter venit chres: Dominus, numina tua fecit quia cura mea. Et huic ait: Euge, similiter quinque denarios. Rediens Dominus in secundo adventu, datis et acceptis rationem exigit, quantum sis, quisque operatus est. Et quam quis de tribus solus meminerit, ex his facile sollum computare decatis, auctorum quicunque cum pecunia sibi commissa, id est, doctrina, et humano ingenio neglectiones funt, iuxta laborem suum praedium recipient. Quicunque vero otio torpuerunt, vel ingenium aut scientiam ad terrena negocia, praedium etiam terrenum recipient: de quibus Paulus ad Philip. "Multi enim ambulant, quos spe dices vobis (nunc autem dico) inimicos crucis Christi, quorum animus intentus, quorum Deus ventera, & gloria in consummationem recipiet, qui terrena sapientes: de quibus sequitur. At alter venit dicens: Domine, quid tu hic agis? Quam habuis pefitam in judiciis, timui enim te, quia homo austerus es; tollis quod non possis, metis quod non sapis. Dicit ei: De ore tuo te iudicabis, servue nequid malum. Sciebas quod ego homo austerus sum, metiends quod non sapes, metiens quod non sciperas. Quare non dedisti pecuniam meam ad mensuram? Non fuis-que veniens cum furibus utique exegi et emi illi et alienas tibi dixit: Auerte a illo memnum, et date illi qui decem mna habet. Et dixerunt ei: Domine, habet decem mna. Dico autem nolo, quia omni habenti dabitur, abundabit ab eo qui non habet, quod habere poterat ab eo. Verum enim inimicos meos illuc, qui noluerunt me regnare per se, adducite huc et interfice ante me. Ex his inuit talc cociosos nihil respondere posse quod excuset eos a damnatione. Exi jatimauit enim Deus nihil ab opera nostra concurrere, et nobis ipsais tribuenda merita, et propterea Deum quaere laborum ne Arum frui debuimus, quibus non fuerit cooperatus. Videtur negligentibus inus Aere exigere, ideo et dominari, et honorem illi debitum ab illis auferet, et dabit honorem et gratiam abundantiorem diligentibus, fructum faciemus. Hos autem judicavit Christus accepto regno. Math. Et his dictis adstabat affectens leprosum. Apud pinquissimum ad Bethphage aut Bethania montem qui vocatur Olivetius misi duos discipulos dicens: Ite in castellum quod contra vos stat quod introeuntes, invenietis illum unum alligatum, cui nemo unquam hominum (sed ultime illum, sic adduce), quis vos interrogaverit, quare sequitis me? Sic dixistis ei: Quia Dominus oberam eius desiderat. Abierunt autem qui mihi erant, in invenerunt sicut dixit illis, stantem pullum. Solventibus autem illis pullum, dixerunt Domino eius ad illos: Quid solutis pullum? At illi dixerunt: Quia Dominus eundem necessarium habet. Et duxerunt illum ad illum. Mathaeus Se afinam Se pullum dicit, Marcus Se Lucas pullum solenniter. Mathaeus autem, quod super pullum aspera (equente) sedierit Christi, vel forte quia pullus ita indomitus erat, quod absque metu ductus non poterat. Mediante igitur lege veteri per aliam designat ducus est pullus, id est, populus Gentilis, in positionem tempus, id est, Ecclesia, quoniam Christus postergando synagogam, populum gentium ducit in templum: ubi Dominus inquit Ambrosius non amplius in utra, sed in spiritu adoratur. Ad explendum itaque mirabilia, et asina et pullo opus erat. Cetera ad literas patent Matth. et. Et habentes vestimenta sua, induerunt lesum. Euntes autem illuc, habebant vestimenta sua via. Et cum appropinquarant iam ad descensum montis. TOTALE VCARIA. Vidimus Olivetum montem Capertum omnes turbulenta desideria habentes laudare Deum voce magna sumus omnes quas virtutes viderant, dicentes: "Bene sanctus qui venit Rex in nomine dominus, gloria in excelsis. Et quidam Pharisaeorum de turbis dixerunt ad illum: Magister, si dicis vobis, quia ab his tacuerint, laudes clamabunt". Cum dicipuits Christi verbis ad confessionem peccatorum, et superponendum vericifimentis eum imponerunt, ut qui ad gentes misit, non suadent, sed Christi verbis utentes ipsas salutaverunt, et jugo Christi colla submittente fecerunt. Christum autem Regem acclamantes, exspectabant ipsum regnum David redundum, quali dicerent: Benedicte qui venis Rex nobis regnum David indutum ablatum reddendurus: id quoque populus summme desiderabat. Pharisaeis et sribus formidantibus, et silentium indicentibus. Ceteri in Mattheo ferme sic enarrata funt, nisi quod ubique Matthaeus habet, turbas quae praecedebant et lequebantur, clarocabant. Omnes filios David, Bene facta qui venit in nomine domini. Lucanus autem turbas sed descendentium, id est, discipulorum turbas dixit. At intelligi discipulorum, et descendentium nomine hic signifiquere non modo duodenarius illum numerum discipulorum, sed turbas ipsas, quotquot discipuli divini verbi audiebant erant, et lequebantur, inter quas etiam erant pueri, qui similis acclamatione cum turbis Christo aggradabantur: quamque puerorum non meminit Lucanus, inter turbas discipulorum eos comprehendens. Christus autem in Lucano dicat eam discipulorum aggradationem sadam siste ad descensum montis Olivetti, Mattheus vero aggradationem puerorum in templo, vero similis est. De alia cogratulatione loqui Matthaeum, quam Lucam, cum ille puerorum suisse, & in templo, ille discipulorum, & ante upis ingulsum. Quod autem Clavius Pharisaeus respondet, volentibus a Christo indicere silentium discipulis his tacere, lapides clamabunt: hyperbolica locutio est, qualis diceret; Quemadmodum clamare lapides imposibile est, ita et filios Dei gloriam tacere. Quoniam igitur sineadepti sxtitucum a patre tempore, quandocumque oportet glorificari Christum hominem. ' . - ‘Et 'vt apjfro^incjuatdtj 'videns cimtatem , fleitit Jtt^er illdy ** p I? * ^*^*”^* r cogfioKtjJes ^tUy tr qutdftn in hac die diximu**" tibhnnnc autem abJcMditaJunt ab ocu- tinf 21 b 'venient dies in fe, ir circundabunt te ini- Mac.’a4‘.a 'vmo ^^ circundabunt te, coanmjlabunt te Mar<i3«a, > O" ad terram f>roJlernent te , pMS tuos qui tn te Junt,^ non relinquent in te Isidem fuj>er la^idemg. eo quobd non coroneris tempus 'vifitationis tua. Fleet supercilious ridicules: quia si cognovisti te, et, Caetanus ait, "To quia serior debere ad flens, usi senfus Christi, quia licet cognovisti. Sed cuiusmodi, Sequam in hoc ordinatio, non video. Pro via autem, Graces est oti, id est, quod, et plerumque superstiti. Senlus ergo est: "Quod si tu, vel si tu cognovisti in hac dicens tua, id est, quam tibi peculiariter sese inam firmas et in qua omnis malus secura exultas. Quae ad pacem et securitatem, qua tibi tantopere promittis. Est aut ecliptica locutio, supplendumque est, forsit ab peccatis tua et miseria tua heres, et mihi Messis tuo haeredes, aut quid simile. Nunc aut abscondita sunt ab oculis tuis, id est, ea te vult Deus celari, ut nec opinante malo obruit ne videatur. Rufum tamen et illos veniebat miseris admonct, dicens: "Quia venienti dicet, secundum quibus verbus ob idiotae cor hominum per Titus et Vespasianum, oftenimodaque subversione significatur, quam futuram illis sive crit. Et quod non cognoverint tempus visitationis sua, id est, gratiae et redemptionis per Regem suum et leitiam sibi oblatam. Esimus hic putat pro quo interprets habet visitationis, ipsum Regem sed, cum Graces sic sit, id est, ut inquit, inspectionis. Qua vero inspectionem non etiam visitationem significat, et visitationem sive redemptionem mai pene idem significat. Est enim visitatio salutis gratuase: quod hic quadrat, quod relicte serrufalem tempus visitationis suae non sive idem hic agit. men eongnouerit, quando animarum feniator ac medi- cus lelus tot animi morbis fgraro ac faucia curaturus vi fitauit. Potes autem & hunc locum: R cognouifles , & quidem in hac die tua,qux ad pacem tibiiita interpreta- ti:Si hac die tua, qua Icilicet ego P^tibi veni maufue- tuSj cognouilTcs qux ad pacem tibi, ul eft, quam Ixta Sc pacifica tibi afFero, mihi credidifTes.Nunc autem pofito velamine fuper cor tuum, abfconditafunt hx c a te . Id- circo venient dies in te, &c. eo quod non cognouerie * tempus vifitationistux. •f Et ingrejfti/i ia templum ^cte^itetjcere 'vendentes 0‘e^ 4:Matti, menteSjdicens illis : Scriptum eH : t domus mea do- xi,!,. tnus orationis efi: Vos autem fecijlis illam f^ehmeam latro- Mar. ii.d, tsum. + Et erat docens quotidie m templo. Principes autem f Ioa>a.<l facerdoitm,tr ferib^e^tr principes plebis^ quenebant iUum Ifa.55.c. perdere:^ non inueniebant quid facerent illt.Omnis enim Iere. 7 .b. populus fufpenfus erat^audiens illum. 4 Io»* 7 *g . Simile figimra oftendit Idtmnes cap. 2 . at non idem ^ cum illo jvudeconllat ipfum bistemplum ingrelTum, vendentes & ementes eiecifle c tcmplo,& diucrfis tera- poribus,& vtrunq; projiepalcha. At primum ji.anno x- tatis fux, fecundum vero anno eius J 4 . Vnde generali- ter inquit Ambrof. fcculares docet contradus a templo Dei abeiTe debere.Cxtera Matth.ii.patenc. CA1*VT VlGESIMVM. ■/ Interrogatus a fummis primatibus vrbis luperfaa au- thoritate , altera quxflione (ilentium illisimponit,ip^ ibsq; fuper fua reprobatione per parabolam conuinciti cenfum Cxfari debitum (bluendum iubet; refur- icdionem llipremaraper Pharifxoruna confutationcm,8r fc Dei filium Dauidisteftimonio / ’ probat. E 4 TfaBttm efi in 'vna dierum docente iUo poptt^ fMattli» ' Ium in templo,^ euangeltxante,conuenerunt prin ai .c. ctpes facerdotit, tr fcrtbte tum femoribus: ir aiiity Mar.i t.d. dicentes ad illum; Dic nobis in qua potestate haec facis, aut quis est qui dedit tibi hanc potestatem. Respondens amicam SES, dixit ad illi: Interrogabo vos. Vos ego uno verbo. Respondebete mihi: an ex hominem, an ex Deo? At illic Atilius civitatem interrogabat intra se, dicens: Qua fine Merimae de coelo, dicet: Quare ergo nos credidistis illi a die terminum ex hominibus, et sicut verus labaret nos ad metum, erti funt enim loannem prophetam esse. Et responderunt sicut undique sibi aget. At lege ait illi si quid ego dico vobis in qua vestra hostia. Cum sibi templi principatum, et nulli alteri commissum fuerunt arbitrarentur ludi, dubitant an vellet illis tale potentem, tanquam ab alio superiori multus. Et quia mira cultu et tanta, quae in Maithso feribuntur, calumniam non poterant, eiectionem negotiorum et templo calumniantur, quod invidia etiam bona calumniam ibi et. Cum ergo ab eo quid querent in cuius authoritate ista movetur, alia quaestion est circuitur de baptismo Ioannis, coelo erat, an ex hominibus. Ambiguam igitur et quasi perplexam quaestionem adverterent, ne responsio sua in deteriorem vergeret exitum, tacuerunt. Coetera Matth. 2 i. Coepit autem dicere ad pleem parabolam hanc: Quod homine quidem plantauit linem in loco, et locutus est colonis: Ipse pereuntur fuit multis temporibus in tempore illlo missit ad cultores seruum, non de fructu vinae dederunt illi. Quia autem dimittent eum inanimem et addidit alterum servum mitti, et terebrant autem hunc quoque cadentes in terra afflictantes cantabant avectum, amicem miserrimum. Et addidit tertium mitti, quem cum vidissent coloni, intra se dicentes: Hic est hares, occidamus illum nihilo cogitantis. Et eicetus illum extra vineam, occiderunt, dicens: Idem faciet ilus Dominus vina. Veniet et perdet colonos suos, dabit vineam alienis. Hic homo Deus pater est, non veritaté sed futilitate, quia ut pater familiæ, libellos filium habens et servos, vinem plantavit, doruoroIs Franciscus, ut Psalm. 7s. Vincam de Aegypto transalistine cesseist gaudes, et plantavit eam in loco qua locutus. Judicis sicut colonis, et ipso pergre prole austringebat. SECUNDUM IVCALDUM Aus ipso distantia loci, qui ubique praesens est, et patientia cos qui peccaverunt, punitionis. Et tempore fructuatio quod magnos ex eo collegerit fructus, quantum usque tempus venit sementi expedaverit. Ad expediam ut enim, inquit Isaia, faceret vascas, et fecit labaracas. Altera latius Matth. ai. Quo audito dixerunt illi: Ah ha. Ille autem ajfiiciet eo, praetor, ait: Quid est ergo hoc quod primum est: Lapidem quem reprobaverunt adfigentes, hic sit Busus est in caput animi. Omnis qui ceciderit (alter illum lapidem) coquauerit turris super quem autem ceciderit, comminuet illum. Matthaeus asserit eos contra (eius), et sicut sensentia: Marcus et Lucas dicunt contra eos Christi sensim. Vere Cimelius interpretatur ipsas veritatem parabolam audiens, non poterat honori proferre veram sententiam, quam scitam Lucam Christi confirmavit: quoniam prius ignorantes in se direge parabolam, in seipsos tulerunt sententiam: quod intelligentes confirmante Christo, coeperunt dicere: Abstat: vel ut ait Augustinus. Quidam dixerunt, quod reserut Matthaeus, alter, quod habet Lucas: et ita nolentes volentes prophetabant. Contra quos Davidis prophetiam necessario impleo Christi adduxit: Lapidem istam, quem reprobaverunt adificantes, et quoniam Christus a Iudais reprobatus, et extra vim eicetus a gentibus est approbatus, et sicutanguinaris impis, qui ex duobus populis unum templum faciunt. Peccatores, et quidem Christi super lapidem cadunt, et concrassantur, ut non rede ambulare valeant. Si per ludicos vero paganos et haereticos lapis moles sua cadit, et eos penitus comminuit, ut nec quidem testes superstit. Altera Matth. 21. Quis quidque principes sacratum seriatim mittent in insanum manus sicut timuerunt populum. Cognoverunt enim quod ad ipso sive limine hanc. Licet etsi Christus agnokncrent in corrigibiles, nihil tamen eorum omisit quae ad eorum salutem convenirent. Ut omnino essent mexcussabiles, unde nihil metuarerent arcerentur, parati erant in eum manus, occidere. Marc. 15. Et omnes tenebant infidiatores, si Mos statutat. Sperantem ut caperent eum in sermoent, tradiderunt in principem et caput. Interrogauerunt eum, dices: Magister, quisquam juat res, dicis: Doces aut non accipis haverent, sed utam Dei in veritate doces: licet nobis tributum dare Christi, an non? Considerans autem dolum eorum, dixit ad eos: Quotidie me tentatis, solvite in vobis denarius: cuius habet imaginem hac subscriptio. Respondentes dixerunt: Caesar. Et ait illis: Reddite ergo quod est laudis faris, Christi: quod autem Dei, Deo. Et non potuerunt verbi reprehendere coram plebe: inter timuationem responderunt. Rom. 13. Docebat nos quam autusticere debemus adversus tuam qua contra, et adversus haereticos. Cum igitur Christus liber puritatem praedicare, ipse autem ludicro Caesaris subiiecerebant, vel Christum responsurum expectabant inspiere eorum, non esse Caesari pendendum tributum, et sic contraehendere Caesari quia facto milites Herodis paratos secum habebant, quae cum appropinquarent, et praedicti traderent. Sin autem lubere subiicere populo Christum, argueretur mendacio, qui populo libertate temptabat promittere. Animadversiones autem Christus veritatem eorum iuxta Marcum, vel nequitiam iuxta Mattheum, dolum iuxta Lucam, iubet proferri denarium, quem alle vocaverunt imaginem Caesari praeferre. Respondet autem eis non iuxta interrogationem, ut fallaciam eorum illudere: Quaritis inquit, an sit dandum vestigalia Caesari, non dico dandum, sed reddendum tantum quod debetur, et quod Dei est, Deo reddendum. Hoc autem declaravit Paulus Roma. 13. Extra Matth. 22. Sic cejlerunt autem quidam Sadduceorum, qui negant esse resurrectionem, interrogaverunt eum, dicens: Maestro, scripsi nobis, si frater alicuius mortuus fuerit, habet de jure uxorem, hic est liberus sibi uxorem juxta legem Mosi, si frater ejus uxorem, justitiam fratri suo. Septem frates erant, primus accepit uxorem, secundus mortuus est; Mariae, sequens accepit eam, et ipso mortuus. SBCVNDIVT LVCAM filio. Et tertius accepit illam similiter omnes semen, et reliquerunt sementem in terra mortua est mulier. In resurrectione ergo cuius eorum erit uxor Siquidem septem habuerunt eam uxor. Et Pharisei & Sadducei inter se discordes in opinionibus sentent, concordes tamen facti sunt, ut legis in verbis suis caperent, et ad confusionem deducerent. Pharisaei autem sapienter reddendo conscientiam conscientius aggrediuntur illum Sadducei, qui istic interpretantur, pro justitia in hoc saeculo & in futuro sentianda, et futura sit resurrezione, quam ipsi negabant. Ideo huiusmodi rationem contexunt: Si mortuorum futura est resurrectio, non modo in hoc saeculo, sed & in futuro servanda est justitia. At si iuxta legem Moysis de usuendis semen fratris septem fratres eandem uxorem iuxta illam legem consequenter duxerint, non poterit omnium esse resurrectio post mortem, neque in interea justitia, vel resurrectio mortuorum futura non est. Quam rationem prosum erroris sufficienti defensione putabant invenisse insublime in qua erratum illorum retorquet, etsi qui ignotis rationibus ratiocinarentur: unde ipso summaria apekte reprehendit, quod putarent homines cum carnalibus resurrexuros passionibus & imperfectionibus. Unde subdit. Et ait illis legis: Filii huius saeculi nubunt, et traduntur in sepulutra illis verba quid digni habebuntur in saeculo futuro, resurrexionem ex mortuis, neque nubunt, neque ducunt uxores, neque moritur mari; aquales enim angelis funt. O filius Junius pecuniae finit filius resurrectionis. Si diceret: Quoniam animas cum corporibus inter relatias, idee resurrectionem mortuorum negatis, ignorantes connubia propter filios sic introduca, filios autem successionem perpeunada, successionem vero propter mortem futuram. Ubi ergo nulla est mors, nec usucessoria funt connubia. In futuro autem siculo non funt necessaria connubia: quia sicut in hoc seculo omnes ad usum carnalem funt opera animalium, & imprimis ad usum dominium, sic & omnes ad usum spiritalem ad usum funt angeli, & praecipue castitas, cum angelis (sic) per ut fructum virginitas. Idcirco non est illic corporea generatio, quae per nuptias fiat, cuius rei funt angeli expertes, quorum post resurrectionem similes erunt, neque viri uxores ducere, neque mulieres viris nubere, sicut nec angeli optabunt. Extra videbis Matth. xvi. Quando verbi resurgant mortui, ostendit Jesus rubum, humum scut actem dominum Deum Abraham, Deus Isaac, O Deus Jacob. Deus autem non est mortuorum, sed vinorum: omnes enim vivunt ei. Respondentes autem quidam sicut dixerunt ei: Magister bene dixisti, Et sic illic non audebant eum quicquam interrogare. Quoniam, juxta Matthaeum respondebat illis Jesus: Erratis, non intelligentes scripturas, quas ex Moise (sic) cur rubum in deserto Sinai probare facile potestis, ut dixi. Elodus in Exodo, Dominus Deus patrum vestrorum, Deus Abraham, & Deus Isaac, & Deus Jacob misit me ad vos: quorum si dominus est Deus, non omnino mortui funt, sed beatorum resurrectionem expediant. Profecto, Grace est quod non modo similitudinis nota est, sed rationalis erat, ut hic: & tunc significat, quandoquidem. Sensu ergo est: Moise ostendit quod mortui resurgunt, cum esset (sic) rubum juxta montem Sinai, vocavitque eum de medio rubi dominus quandoquidem hoc loco verba domini recitat Moise, dicit & appellat eum "Deum Abraham, Deum Isaac, & Deum Jacob". Dixit autem ad illos: Quomodo dicunt Christi filium esse Davidis, in libro Psalmorum: Dixit dominus domino meo, sede dextra mea donec ponam in praedicatoribus tuos scellum pedum tuorum. David ergo dominum suum Vocavit quomodo situs eius est? Secundum Matthaeum interrogavit eos Christus, quem nondum veniebat putabat, cuius esset filius, cum veniret. Respondens dixerunt: David. Dixit illis: Quomodo ergo David videns vocat eum dominum sum, dices: Dixit dominus Domino meo: Quod de eo natus est, et quod a patre Dei Cum quo ab externo fuit. Alterum Matthaeum. Audiente autem omni populo dixit disciplulis suis: At. "ICHVNOVM LECTIONES. Quotidie audiens omni populo dixit disciplulis suis: "At" Dicite, qui volunt ambulare per mille viae per loca solitaria, discutienda in convivium, quae devorant domus viduarum simulantes longam orationem. Hi accipiont damnationem majorem. Ut autem viri illi prognosticantis viderunt, Hlentium videre incurabili morbo laborare, docuit discipulos Ilios, maxime eorum fugiendum errorem, & ab eorum montibus canendum quod Matthaeus addit: Secundum opera eorum nolite facere, quia omnia faciunt, ut videantur ab hominibus. Alterum Matthaeum. CAPUT VIGESIMO PRIMUS. Paupercula vidua duo milia minuta mittens in gazophylacium, externis plura mittentibus praefertur, templum cum civitate eversionem, & civis exulandi proximo conspuitur, Ggna ludiciorum prognosticatum summa populi miseriae innuuntur. Respiciens autem sive eos qui mittebant munera sua in gazophylacium, divites. Fait autem in domum paupercula mittentem paupercula duo milia minuta. Et dixit: Fero dico vobis, quia paupe. •vidua hac pauper plus quam omnes mijtt . Nam omnes hi Odi & ix abundanti hbi mijerunt in munera Dei : hac autem ex proicciv eo quod deefti^iy omnem •viBum futim, quem habuit, 'mipt, Gaza Perdeum nomen, Phylax Grxeum , ex quibu» componitur nomen gazo{^ylacium,arcarciliceicon(H v tuta iuxea portam templi domini forinfecus.ad congre- ) gandam pecdniam pro templi inftauratione , vt 4. Reg. ift.Sc 2.Paralip.24. In hoc autem gazophylacio foramen erat fuperne,per quod populus ad templi inftauratione, 1 ic pauberum alimentum iadbat pro deuotione fua pecu niam.C^bus omnibus pauperem viduam xra duomit tentem prxtulit, uon pecuniam tantum, (ed bonam vo- luntatem, pro quaquicquid potuic,miftt,maioradelydo rans mittere, (i potuiftet.Cxtera videMaith.ia. Et quibufdam dieentibus de templo , qudd bonis lapidibttx ii Crdch- CAP. XXI* E-TArKG ELIVlt ^ donis onkttum eJfetydixU: iUtecqtue videtUy 'venient * ^ dieSiin qutbtts non reYtnqueiur lajds Juber lapidem y qui ttott deSlruatur. Jnterrogauerunt autem tuum aicentes:Pnecep tor^quandoluec erUnt , ^ quod fignum quando feri inci^ tEph.j.b pient.^Qui dixit: tyidete ne /educamini . Multi enim 've^ » . Cor.} . d *tient in nomine meo , dicentes : quia ego fum : ^ tempns Colof.i.d approbinqnauif. nolite ire poSl eos . Cumautem audieritis -f-Matth. prtelta t^/editiones, nolite tetreriyOportet primum htec fe» 24. b. tiiffd nondum Hatim finis. Mar.ijtb. Cum audilfent Apoftoli chrictvm dicentem ludxis:£cce rdincjuetur doraus ve(lradeierta,interro> gauerunt eum , qui Heri polFet, tam magniHca con(y* . derata extrudione , non modo de lapidibus , fed & de . eius ornatu. Quibus refpondit tantum ilii fore exci> ,dium,vt nec etiam lapis maneat fupcr lapidem, qui non alio transferatur, liixta quae verba inquirunt dilapuU duas qua;ftiones:pviorem, quando hxc futura funt, aU teram, de aduentu eius fecundo. Ad quarum neu* tram refpondit , fed ligna vtrunque praecedentia ma« nifeftauit, quibus poHtis timendum erit.Cseterapatenf Matth.a4. Tunc dikedatilfsiSurget gens contra gentem, rum adversas regimim, it: terra notus magni erunt per loca pefllentin, & fames yletroresdecOdrfignamagnae erunt. Sed ante hac omnia inficient vobis malus fit, persequentes in Synagogas, judiciales in Tribunales ad Reges (pro a fides propter nomen meum. Continget aliter vobis in testimonium. Ponite ergo in cordibus vestris non praemeditari quemadmodum respondeatis. Ego enim dabo os sapientiam, cui non poterunt resistere, contradicere omnes adversus vestros. Trademini autem per dentes quidquam fratres, in fratres, in cognatos, in amicos; monebunt ex vobis. Et eritis odio omnibus hominibus propter nomen meum. Et capillus de capite vestri non peribit. In patientia vestra positucidbitis animas vestras. Hoc omnia Jerusalem testis losephe ante excidium pada, Sc multo acerbior OaPrifflO cuim Gentes Romanis Consortes insurrexerunt cum illis in Jerusalem, et suos auxiliares. De pestilentia famem conquefecit testificibus de bellis bella. cap.14.historicis verbis. LudiSis autem cum exeundi facultate omnis et quidem salutis adempta est:aque iam sarpoftias domus ac familias depassabatur. Et tenebant quidem erat ple- na mulieribus exanimatis, atque infantibus: viarum autem lingua (enibus mortuos. Adolescentes autem ac iuvenes turgidi, velut umbrae mortuorum per fora verminibus cibatur: et ubi quemquam occupaverat, decidebant. Sepulcris autem funera neque poterant pro labore, & eos quibus aliqua vis supererat, pigebat, & propter multitudinem mortuorum, & quod de ipsis erat incertum. Denique super eos quos sepulirent, multi moriebantur. Multi autem ad sepulcra, priusquam satis dies veniret, & vivi properabant: neque lus in illis calamitatibus, neque fletus erat, sed fame luperabantur affertus. Siccis autem oculis, & corruptis organis, qui urbius morerentur, eos qui intuebantur, hilie, &c. Caput ver6.16. dicit ad hoc necessitatis quod harum similiter pulveris, ut cloacas ruinarentur, bomque veterem scripsit. Zdum alimentum haberent, sacerdosque colledum, quod ne vix ui, quid tolerabile fuerat, cibus erat, etc. Reliqua vide Matth. cap. 24. Coeperunt autem videre arcusundi ah exercitu Jerasalem, tunc (quia albinus quidque deviatio eius, tunc quietus), ludas subiit fugiant ad montes, qui in medio eius, dixit Matt. 4, et. Judas quid in se geret, non intuent in eam, quia res uti tionis his sit, ut impleantur omnia quae scripta sunt per ipsum, autem praegnantem O nutrientibus in illis diebus. Erat enim per iuram magnam super terram, O ira populi hoc. Et cadent in oreglia, O captivus ducetur in omnes gentes, O sacerdotale calcabitur a gentibus, donec impleantur tempora nationum. Has clades enarrat Josephus de bello Iudaico. Lib. 7. Iam vero inquit, perfodis aggeribus, Septembris senescit die septimo, quidque coepto opere daus et decimus dies, Romani quidem machinas admonebant. Alii autem qui civitatem defendebant, muris relicis in Arcam recedebant, alii in cloacas mittent, et qui in igne capi, iuvenes autem hi, qui procero ac torquulo corpore, triumpho Caesar servabat. Ex residua multitudine, septem decem annis vindicis mittit in Aegyptum, operibus deputandos. Plurimos aut per provincias Titus distribuit, in spectaculis serpentes & bestias consunzendos. Qui verediwra decimus & septimus annus agerent, venditi sunt. Isti autem diebus quibus secernebantur a Frotone, mortui funere fame duodecim milia: quibus partim odio cum odio, partim ipsi viae fastidio tenebantur, et cap. 17. Et captivorum quidem ornamenta, qui toto bello copertenus sunt, nonaginta & septem milia comprehendus est numerus; monumentorum vero per omne tempus obsidionis, undecies centum milia. Matt. 1 Et erit signa in sky et in terra signa in aqua; et in gentibus confuse mixta, maria fluctuant, et terrae horror. Mar. 1 Et sic in terris, signa in sky et in aquis, et in gentibus confuse mixta, maria fluctuant, et terrae horror. Isa. 6 Igni ignem, et sanguinem, et spiritum, et mortem, et ventum, et pestem super universum orbem. Izec. 6 Videbunt filium hominis venientem in nube clemens. Matt. 24 Praedixerunt magnus aestimatio urbis Jerusalem et templo excidium, et populi interitus, et addit totius orbis excidium. Prius aut primum mittebant ligna, quae in creaturis irrationalibus summis, sole, luna, et stellis obcurabant, sicut resumit Matt. Sol obcurabitur, et luna non dabit lumina sua, et stelles cadent de caelo, et virtutes coelorum moventur. Post hoc in infimis, terra scilicet, in qua cum sis opprimet, quia refrigerabit carnium multorum. Et tandem in mediis creaturis, mari et fluminibus. Quod ut Sap. 5.-:5t Pugnabit pro eo orbis terrarum contra insistentos. Vide creatura rationalis poena cessat: quoniam arabens homines praeter timore, videntes omnes creaturas propter hominem fidatis, in homine pugnare. Exter. Matt. 24 His olim servi incipiemus sterilitate levata capita vestra. Quod aut appropinquat redeptio vestra. Et dixit illis simili modo, videbatasti ficulnea (dormientes arbore) Cuproducuit in ex his ultimis quidquid prope esse fatis. Ita video, dixit. Distribut. In ipso orbi terarum interitus, iubet urbe fideles, ne blanda trahere, sed etiam capita in alta leva, unde semel auxilium veniat. Ad quod considerandum animum ab arborebus exemplum, quae unit judices prope futura; sic haec promissa (ignorantur), creaturarae irrationali, quam rationales, quia incipientes proximus est credendus Christi (et eundum adventus), ut flores in his arborum ad venientem aestate parent, ita mundi ruina his malis superuenientibus (occa Matht. 24. t; 2d.). Attendite autem ne forte flauetur corda vestra in cacum bula et ebrietate, et in his vita tua (futura) praemeditata in vos repetita dies illa. Tanquam laqueus non itur veniet omnes superistas qui sedent (caeci) herem facere in terra. Flectite itaque omni collo cauendo, orantes, ut distincte habeamini jugere ista omnia quae futura sunt, flare ante illum hominem. Erat autem dies in hoc solo, nobis verum extens, morabatur in monte qui appellatur Oliveti: Omnes populi convertebant ad eum in templo audire eum. Post praeaida Ierosolymis sibimet in secundi conuaratione, iubet his verbis, et carnalibus nos detestatis, et nima not secularis rebus cura non distrahit, quod repetita nec opinantibus nobis dies judicii superueniet, tanquam laqueus non apparebit insidioso. Idcirco vigilando et orationibus inusta nos iubet, ut imminentia vitemus pericula rudiorum. Judas dedit Satanus curis de lectu ex depleted pacificus, super illius traditionem. Christus autem sassa gedane in horto, ludendo traditur, ad Caiphae ductus a discipulis derelictus, a Petro negatur, et facie velatus illius est, et colaphis editur. Postea principes interrogatus, mori damnatur. Mar. 14. Als. XXIX. xvahoblxvii 1-Maith. 26.b. Mar. 14.b A + Praeludit autem dies festus Azymorum, qui dicitur Pascha. Et quaerebant principes sacerdotum, quomodo eum interficere valerent; timebant vero selei. Intrauit autem Satanae in ludam, qui cognominabatur Iscariotus, unus de duodecim, abijt, locutus cum principibus sacerdotum, Jocer dotum, quidquam eis tradere valeret, quemadmodum illum traderet eis. Et gaudebant, quia pacum illi dare possent. Et quaerebant opportunity, ut traderet illum in turmis. Dicere resum Azymorum intelligitur die festus Pascha, quo summi sacerdotes vidimass preparare, parietes tepentes caligarcypaumcta verrere, vasa mudare iblebat, et tunc ineunt concilium, quomodo dominus Pascha valeat intercedere: quod in dicteto nolébant, quia timebant pleem, quia si non obstante occiderunt. Ad quos accedens Judas, dos diaboli intentus, unus de duodecim, numero, corpore, animo, a principibus invitatus, nulla necessitate coactus, sed sola invidia ductus Satana: cum illis de precio, & de traditione magister Pascha. Ca. ceraMatth. 26. Venit autem dies Azymorum, in qua necesse erat occidere Pashcha. Et missit Petrus Ioannem, dicens: "Tuntas parate nobis Pashcha ut manducemus." At illi dixerunt: "Ubi ostendemus tibi in aeternitate, occurret vobis homo qui habet amphoram aqua portans: quemini in domum vestram, quam intrat: dicetis patrifamilias domus: Dicit tibi Magister: Ubicunque est dives vbi Pashcha cum dictis meis manducet et ipsi ostendemus vobis saculum magnum stratum, ibi parate." Euntes autem nuntiaverunt sicut dixit illis, pararunt Pashcha. Dies Azymorum dies Iouiserat, videlicet decima quarta luna, in qua ad vesperam iubebantur ludere agnis Pashcalem occidere. Et quod ait Lucas. Necelle erat occidere Pashcha, neque illa manducare, et ab vespera fermentum abstineret. Vnde vocatur dies Azymorum, quod illa die ab vespera Azyma tantum comederent. Itaque Petrus et Ioannem praemittit, qui Pashcha sibi pararent. Et sic. ICUNDUM IVCALL. Solum neccasilia ad aenum Pashchale deiluanindicato illis hospitio. Nec proprie domus, nec hospitem illis indicavi, sed solum quandocumque, ut ait Euthymius, ne ludas cognita domo, recurreret ad Iudaeos, et cum in se Christum illis traderet. Et actu hora succuruit, tradendum cum eo. Et ait illi: "Deus demperavit hoc Pashcha manducare vobis cum antequam moriar. Dico enim vobis, quod ex hoc non manebit in regno Dei." Deliveravit hoc Pashcha legale manducando cum illis commemorerunt, ut dato posteoa illis in cibum & potum corpore & lingua, omnibus demum ceremoniis legalibus humum imponeret; utpote quas ad hoc instituerat, vie hoc novum corporis & sanguinis mei Pashalia figuraret. Nec amplius ex hoc comedarunt, donec perfecta sit. In regno patris mei, quod mihi daturus est post resurrectionem, videtur Matth. ultimo. Data est mihi potestas in caelo & in terra; et tunc perfidius & purius immolabitur hoc Pascha, quam vetus. Et accepto calice, statias ego dixi: Accipe, et dites inter vos. Dico enim vobis, quod non eram de gente Jacob, sed de Patris mei, donec regna Dei veniat. Et accepto panem, dixi: Hoc est corpus meum, quod pro vobis datur: hoc facite in meam commemorationem. Similiter et calice, postquam coenauit, dixi: Hic est calix testamenti in sanguine meo, qui pro vobis fundetur. Quemadmodum in veteri lege in vera lacrimarum Engcharistia figura non solum agnum edebant, sed etiam ruccellam quidem potum (umebant. Ita in hoc ceno Christus post cum agni accepit calicem, quem post gratiarum actionem Apostolis dedit dividendum, et hic potum successivem sumpsit. In quibus cibis sine legalibus figuris, imponuit, quoad agnum & vinum potum, suggesta licet in Pascali agnus nec illi potupotest mirere, ideo dixit: Neque ego bibo de generatione viti, donec regnum Dei veniat. Sensu est iuxta Bedam: Deinde non delicientur in sacrificiis synagogae, donec credit in patrem meum & in me, & in Ecclesia fideliter immolat carnis meae, & sanguinem meum. Quod chementerit. XXII. BIANOBILO» fecerit, incipiat, hanc sine delegabor vobiscum in res novationem per fidem Ecclesiam. Velfic: Non vivit carnalibus ceremoniis delectabor, in quibus carnaliter, agnus lucrum tenetur. Adhuc enim tempus me subiungente, cum ego sublimatus in gloriam vitarum, promissis vobiscum fungar de salute huius populi fonte gratia Ipsa. Ritualis regenerati. Idcirco haec prima poculi furAPTIO figurativa ut, veluti essi agni. Deinde accepit panem, gratias egit, fregit, & dedit. Hic tamet, ut Lucas seribit, videte quia reliquis ludas, quando corpus eius guinetum dedit dominus. Matthaeus non negat, neque indifferentir. Et problema de hoc est inter doctores. Deo sustinent manus traditorem ex nomine, ne impudenter Mar. 26. Si quid est traditorem ex quo homo fit per quem traditur. Et pisces perunt quaere inter se quid sit quod holographa? Mai. 14. Crimen impunitus omnes, sed altero correptione Ioan. 3. Poenitentiam agat, & qui quecumque cum externis sanguinis particeps mysteriorum, melior ac mente sanior efficitur. Ex quibus verbis adeo autem dissipulii inter sequuntur, quis talis esse futurus, & imprimis ludes, ne suspicus ab alisis habere would, sic excusare tentat, quasi agnoscere dominum hoc non ignorare per signum panis intus, qui alius erat a pane consecrato omnibus distributus. Unde videns Christus incruabilem lude, dixit illi; Quod facis, fac citius, & quod cogitatione concipis, opere perfecuto. Quod nec alii fecerunt. Ille vero intellexit, & abii. Faba est autem contentia inter eos, quis eorum videtur minor. Matth. sic maior. Dixi autem his Rebus gentium dominatur ad eorum, qui potestatem habent super eos, beneficio vocari. Mar. et Fos autem non sic, sed qui maior est in vobis sit, ficut minor; qui praecessor est, ficut ministrator. Nam quis maior est, qui recumbit, an qui ministrat? Nonne qui recumbit in medio vel inter homines, ficut qui ministrat? Vos autem estis, qui penitentes cum me intentibus concurrebatis, et ego dino vobis ficut dino sibi pa ter meus regnum. Iubo vos et edatis et bibatis per mensam meam in regno meo; non quod in regno Dei quisquam vlla corporalis cibus aut potus sit, sed metaphorica est locutio, qua per temporalia aeterna, per carnalia spiritualia indicatur. Sensu ergo est; Quemadmodum pater fruendas ad libitum mihi dedit regni ceteris dilitias. ita et ego volo, ut eadem mecum glorii beatiudine perfruamini. Fedeatis super thronos, judicantes duo-decim tribus Israel, modo comparativem red yt ut eant autoritati, quod innuitur in verbo fedelitate, qua condemnabunt duodecim tribus Israel tanquam accesso res, quae Messi fibi praecipue misi credere noluerunt. Ad annum dominus Simon, Simon, ecce Satanas sive tribulavit vos, ut cribaret sum triis autem rogatu te, ut non deficiat sed tua virtute quandocumque converte, et frates tuos. Qui dixit ei: Domine, tecum sta ratus sum in carcerem, mortem ire. Et ille dixit: Dicto, Petre: Sunt babit in hoc gallus, donec ter abneges nomen meum, malitiae. Grande verbum, plus significat quam expectare, scilicet ad poenam postulare, quod unius verbi expostere dicitur. Inquit ergo: Expolit vos Satanas, ut cribret, id est, hac illas veritatibus onimbusque modis agitaret, et excuseret, quomodo triticum solet, ut quod malum seperatum. Ego autem rogaui pro te, ut non deficiat fides tua. Hic duo notantur, quod cum pro Petro tantim le rum assue dicat, specialiter pro eo tanquam pro capite scorsaliter innuit. Cum autem ait: Ut non cadat spectator; et cunctum sit Petrum pecasse, quando timore negauit, ex infirmitate, non incredulitate, ostendit contra Lutheranos, non per quolibet peccatura mortale fidem deperditam. Rusticum indicat Dei providentia id accidisse, ut aliquando conversus, lapsusque proprio consilio, fratribus condolere necaret peccantibus, et eos confirmare. At mentis sic conversus Petrus, plus nimio sibi confidit, asserens se esse paratum et cui Christo mori. Contra vero Christi spe corpori lapsus ibi praedixit super trina negatione. Corpus Christi. Ex Aixit eis: Quando missis vos sumo per aspera cavendum. Dixit ergo eis: Sed nunc, qui habet facultatem, sicut peram; qui non habet, vidat tunicam suam emat gladium. Dico enim vobis, quoniam adhuc hoc quod scriptum est, oportet impleri in me; et cum iniquis deportatus sum, quis curabit me? At illi dixerunt: Domine, ecce duos gladios hic. At ille dixit eis: Satis est. Sacculus ad deferendam pecuniam, et peram ad alia necessaria significationis, qua carere fuerus Christi voluit mittens ad praedicandum, interim dum ipse vivert; quemadmodum Deo patri sua cura lata sit. Quod ergo nunc ait; Cum emittebam vos praedicatum sine facculo & pera & calceamentis, id est, nulla re necessaria instructus, nihil tamen vobis defuit, quod me praesens sit.

3238296_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

Чемпионат Франции по футболу 1971/1972 — 34-й сезон чемпионата Франции по футболу. Футбольный клуб «Марсель» стал чемпионом Франции в 4-й раз. В турнире принимали участие 20 клубов. Было сыграно 380 игр и забито 1087 голов. Турнирная таблица По окончании сезона произошло разделение клуба на «Париж» и «Пари Сен-Жермен». «Париж» остался в высшем дивизионе, а ПСЖ был отправлен в третий дивизион. Результаты матчей Бомбардиры Статистика сезона Голы Наибольшее число голов в одном матче: 10 голов «Сент-Этьен» — «Реймс» — 9:1 Самая крупная победа в гостях: 4 гола «Мец» — «Сент-Этьен» — 0:4 «Ред Стар» — «Ним Олимпик» — 1:5 Самая крупная победа дома: 8 голов «Сент-Этьен» — «Реймс» — 9:1 Ссылки www.pari-et-gagne.com lfp.fr</small> 1971/1972 Франция Франция Спорт во Франции в 1971 году Спорт во Франции в 1972 году.

github_open_source_100_8_19908

Github OpenSource

Various open source

mod serde_utils; mod token; mod types; pub use token::*; pub use types::*;

github_open_source_100_8_19909

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package reportes; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.Date; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import datos.Dt_empresa; import datos.poolConexion; import entidades.Vw_empresa; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint; import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRPdfExporter; import net.sf.jasperreports.export.Exporter; import net.sf.jasperreports.export.SimpleExporterInput; import net.sf.jasperreports.export.SimpleOutputStreamExporterOutput; /** * Servlet implementation class Sl_resumenAsientoContable */ @WebServlet("/Sl_resumenAsientoContable") public class Sl_resumenAsientoContable extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public Sl_resumenAsientoContable() { super(); } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse * response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath()); } /** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse * response) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); Dt_empresa datosEmpresa = new Dt_empresa(); Vw_empresa emp = new Vw_empresa(); try { String idEmpresa = request.getParameter("empresaActual") == null ? "0" : (request.getParameter("empresaActual")); emp = datosEmpresa.getEmpresaByID(Integer.parseInt(idEmpresa)); String nombreEmpresa = emp.getNombreComercial(); String fechaInicialString = request.getParameter("fecha_inicio").toString(); java.util.Date dateInicio = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(fechaInicialString); Date fechaInicio = new java.sql.Date(dateInicio.getTime()); String fechaFinalString = request.getParameter("fecha_final").toString(); java.util.Date dateFinal = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(fechaFinalString); Date fechaFinal = new java.sql.Date(dateFinal.getTime()); poolConexion pc = poolConexion.getInstance(); Connection c = poolConexion.getConnection(); HashMap<String, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>(); hashMap.put("EmpresaID", Integer.parseInt(idEmpresa)); hashMap.put("FechaInicio", fechaInicio); hashMap.put("FechaFinal", fechaFinal); OutputStream outputSt = response.getOutputStream(); ServletContext slContext = getServletContext(); String path = slContext.getRealPath("/"); System.out.println("PATH: " + path); String template = "reportes\\AsientosContablesPorFecha.jasper"; Exporter exporter = new JRPdfExporter(); JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(path + template, hashMap, c); response.setContentType("application/pdf"); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=\"" + nombreEmpresa + "_ReporteAsientoContable_del_" + fechaInicialString + "_al_" + fechaFinalString + "_.pdf"); exporter.setExporterInput(new SimpleExporterInput(jasperPrint)); exporter.setExporterOutput(new SimpleOutputStreamExporterOutput(outputSt)); exporter.exportReport(); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("ERROR AL GENERAR RESUMEN DE ASIENTOS CONTABLES: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } }

github_open_source_100_8_19910

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// See: // * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/notification // * https://developer.chrome.com/apps/notifications function Notifier() {} // Returns "true" if this browser supports notifications. Notifier.prototype.isSupported = function() { return "Notification" in window; }; // Request permission for this page to send notifications. Notifier.prototype.requestPermission = Notification.requestPermission; Notifier.prototype.isPermissionGranted = function() { return this.getPermission() === "granted"; }; Notifier.prototype.getPermission = function() { return Notification.permission; }; // Popup a notification with icon, title, and body. Returns false if // permission was not granted. Notifier.prototype.notify = function(icon, title, body, requireInteraction) { if (this.isPermissionGranted()) { var notification = new Notification(title, { icon: icon, body: body, requireInteraction: requireInteraction }); notification.onclick = function() { window.focus(); notification.close(); }; if (!requireInteraction) { setTimeout(function() { notification.close(); }, 10000); } return true; } return false; }; var NOTIFIER = new Notifier();

github_open_source_100_8_19911

Github OpenSource

Various open source

#include "styledata.h" #include "tcolorstyles.h" StyleData::StyleData() { } StyleData::~StyleData() { int i; for (i = 0; i < (int)m_styles.size(); i++) delete m_styles[i].second; } void StyleData::addStyle(int styleIndex, TColorStyle *style) { m_styles.push_back(std::make_pair(styleIndex, style)); } TColorStyle *StyleData::getStyle(int index) const { assert(0 <= index && index < (int)m_styles.size()); return m_styles[index].second; } int StyleData::getStyleIndex(int index) const { assert(0 <= index && index < (int)m_styles.size()); return m_styles[index].first; } StyleData *StyleData::clone() const { StyleData *data = new StyleData(); for (int i = 0; i < getStyleCount(); i++) data->addStyle(getStyleIndex(i), getStyle(i)->clone()); return data; }

github_open_source_100_8_19912

Github OpenSource

Various open source

Version 1/170502 of Infra Undo (for Glulx only) by Dannii Willis begins here. "Handles undo using external files for very big story files" Include Version 7 of Glulx Entry Points by Emily Short. Use maximum file based undo count of at least 5 translates as (- Constant INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT = {N}; -). Use file based undo translates as (- Constant INFRA_UNDO_ALWAYS_ON; -). [ If the interpreter cannot perform an undo for us, store the state using external files. We can do this by hijacking VM_Undo and VM_Save_Undo. ] Include (- ! Our undo counter Global infra_undo_counter = 0; Global infra_undo_needed = 0; ! A fileref to a tempfile to store infra_undo_counter across restores Global infra_undo_counter_fileref = 0; Constant IU_COUNTER_ROCK = 999; ! Array of fileref values to keep track of temporary undo files Array undo_array --> INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT; Constant IU_FILE_ROCK_0 = 1000; [ Init_Infra_Undo_Counter; !Initiate Infra Undo Counter fileref if ( infra_undo_needed == 1) { infra_undo_counter_fileref = glk_fileref_create_temp( fileusage_SavedGame + fileusage_BinaryMode, IU_COUNTER_ROCK ); if ( infra_undo_counter_fileref ~= 0 ) Write_Infra_Undo_Counter_File(); } ]; [ Write_Infra_Undo_Counter_File str; str = glk_stream_open_file( infra_undo_counter_fileref, filemode_Write, 0 ); if (str == 0) rfalse; glk_put_char_stream_uni( str, infra_undo_counter ); glk_stream_close( str, 0 ); ]; ! Test if the VM is able to perform an undo. This is necessary because Git won't tell us that it can't. [ Infra_Undo_Test res; #ifdef INFRA_UNDO_ALWAYS_ON; infra_undo_needed = 1; rfalse; #endif; @saveundo res; if ( res == 1 ) ! Failure { infra_undo_needed = 1; rfalse; } if ( res == -1 ) ! Success { infra_undo_needed = 0; rfalse; } @restoreundo res; if ( res == 1 ) ! Failure { infra_undo_needed = 1; rfalse; } ]; [ VM_Undo result_code; ! If we are using external files if ( infra_undo_needed ) { return Infra_Undo(); } @restoreundo result_code; return ( ~~result_code ); ]; [ VM_Save_Undo result_code; ! Handle Undo being disabled by Undo Output Control if ( ~~(+ save undo state +) ) { return -2; } ! If we are using external files if ( infra_undo_needed ) { return Infra_Save_Undo(); } @saveundo result_code; ! Check if it we have just restored if ( result_code == -1 ) { GGRecoverObjects(); return 2; } ! Check if it failed if ( result_code == 1 ) { infra_undo_needed = 1; return Infra_Save_Undo(); } return ( ~~result_code ); ]; [ Infra_Undo fref res; Write_Infra_Undo_Counter_File(); ! Restore from our file fref = undo_array --> Infra_Undo_Index(); if ( fref == 0 ) jump RFailed; gg_savestr = glk_stream_open_file( fref, $02, GG_SAVESTR_ROCK ); if ( gg_savestr == 0 ) jump RFailed; @restore gg_savestr res; glk_stream_close( gg_savestr, 0 ); gg_savestr = 0; .RFailed; infra_undo_counter = 0; return 0; ]; [ Infra_Save_Undo fref res; infra_undo_counter++; Write_Infra_Undo_Counter_File(); ! Delete old save file Infra_Undo_Delete( Infra_Undo_Index() ); ! Create an undo tempfile and put it in undo_array undo_array --> Infra_Undo_Index() = glk_fileref_create_temp( fileusage_SavedGame + fileusage_BinaryMode, IU_FILE_ROCK_0 + Infra_Undo_Index() ); fref = undo_array --> Infra_Undo_Index(); if ( fref == 0 ) jump SFailed; gg_savestr = glk_stream_open_file( fref, $01, GG_SAVESTR_ROCK ); if ( gg_savestr == 0 ) jump SFailed; @save gg_savestr res; if ( res == -1 ) { ! The player actually just typed "undo". But first, we have to recover all the Glk objects; the values ! in our global variables are all wrong. GGRecoverObjects(); glk_stream_close( gg_savestr, 0 ); ! stream_close gg_savestr = 0; ! Delete this save file Infra_Undo_Delete( Infra_Undo_Index() ); ! Remember to decrement the counter! infra_undo_counter--; return 2; } glk_stream_close( gg_savestr, 0 ); ! stream_close gg_savestr = 0; if ( res == 0 ) return 1; .SFailed; infra_undo_counter--; return 0; ]; [ Infra_Undo_Index; return ( infra_undo_counter % INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT ); ]; [ Infra_Undo_Delete val fref exists; fref = undo_array --> val; if ( fref ~= 0 ) { if ( glk_fileref_does_file_exist( fref ) ) { glk_fileref_delete_file( fref ); exists = 1; } glk_fileref_destroy( fref ); undo_array --> val = 0; } rfalse; ]; ! Delete all known external files and destroy all filerefs [ Infra_Undo_Delete_All ix; for ( ix = 0 : ix < INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT : ix++ ) { Infra_Undo_Delete( ix ); } if ( glk_fileref_does_file_exist( infra_undo_counter_fileref ) ) glk_fileref_delete_file( infra_undo_counter_fileref ); glk_fileref_destroy( infra_undo_counter_fileref ); infra_undo_counter = 0; rfalse; ]; -) instead of "Undo" in "Glulx.i6t". Section - Items to slot into HandleGlkEvent and IdentifyGlkObject [These rules belong to rulebooks defined in Glulx Entry Points.] A glulx zeroing-reference rule (this is the removing references to uufiles rule): zero undo array. To zero undo array: (- Zero_Undo_Array(); -) Include (- [ Zero_Undo_Array ix; if ( infra_undo_needed == 1 ) { for ( ix = 0 : ix < INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT : ix++ ) { undo_array --> ix = 0; } infra_undo_counter_fileref = 0; } ]; -) A glulx resetting-filerefs rule (this is the restoring uufiles rule): identify glulx rock. To identify glulx rock: (- Restoring_Undo_Array(); -) Include (- [ Restoring_Undo_Array str; if ( infra_undo_needed == 1 ) { ! Finding and restoring all filerefs in undo_array if ( ( (+current glulx rock+) >= IU_FILE_ROCK_0 ) && ( (+current glulx rock+) < ( IU_FILE_ROCK_0 + INFRA_UNDO_MAX_COUNT ) ) ) { undo_array --> ( (+current glulx rock+) - IU_FILE_ROCK_0 ) = (+ current glulx rock-ref +); } ! Finding and restoring infra_undo_counter_fileref else if ( (+current glulx rock+) == IU_COUNTER_ROCK ) { infra_undo_counter_fileref = (+ current glulx rock-ref +); str = glk_stream_open_file( infra_undo_counter_fileref, filemode_Read, 0 ); infra_undo_counter = glk_get_char_stream_uni(str); glk_stream_close( str, 0 ); } } ]; -) Section - Tests [ Test if the VM is able to perform an undo. This is necessary because Git won't tell us that it can't. ] The Infra Undo Test rule translates into I6 as "Infra_Undo_Test". The Infra Undo Test rule is listed last in the startup rules. The init Infra Undo counter rule translates into I6 as "Init_Infra_Undo_Counter". The init Infra Undo counter rule is listed last in the startup rules. [ Rerun the tests if we load a saved game. ] Section (for use with Interpreter Sniffing by Friends of I7) The Infra Undo Test rule is listed in the resniffing rules. Section (for use without Interpreter Sniffing by Friends of I7) Include (- [ SAVE_THE_GAME_R res fref; if (actor ~= player) rfalse; fref = glk_fileref_create_by_prompt($01, $01, 0); if (fref == 0) jump SFailed; gg_savestr = glk_stream_open_file(fref, $01, GG_SAVESTR_ROCK); glk_fileref_destroy(fref); if (gg_savestr == 0) jump SFailed; @save gg_savestr res; if (res == -1) { ! The player actually just typed "restore". We're going to print ! RESTORE_THE_GAME_RM('B'); the Z-Code Inform library does this correctly ! now. But first, we have to recover all the Glk objects; the values ! in our global variables are all wrong. Infra_Undo_Test(); GGRecoverObjects(); glk_stream_close(gg_savestr, 0); ! stream_close gg_savestr = 0; RESTORE_THE_GAME_RM('B'); new_line; rtrue; } glk_stream_close(gg_savestr, 0); ! stream_close gg_savestr = 0; if (res == 0) { SAVE_THE_GAME_RM('B'); new_line; rtrue; } .SFailed; SAVE_THE_GAME_RM('A'); new_line; ]; -) instead of "Save The Game Rule" in "Glulx.i6t". Section - Cleaning up [ Clean up after ourselves when the player quits or restarts - delete all the external files ] Include (- [ QUIT_THE_GAME_R; if ( actor ~= player ) rfalse; QUIT_THE_GAME_RM('A'); if ( YesOrNo()~=0 ) { if ( infra_undo_needed == 1 ) Infra_Undo_Delete_All(); quit; } ]; -) instead of "Quit The Game Rule" in "Glulx.i6t". Include (- [ RESTART_THE_GAME_R; if (actor ~= player) rfalse; RESTART_THE_GAME_RM('A'); if ( YesOrNo() ~= 0 ) { if ( infra_undo_needed == 1 ) Infra_Undo_Delete_All(); @restart; RESTART_THE_GAME_RM('B'); new_line; } ]; -) instead of "Restart The Game Rule" in "Glulx.i6t". [ Compatibility with Undo Output Control. If it's not included, add the variable we refer to. If it is, don't let it replace our Undo code. ] Chapter (for use without Undo Output Control by Erik Temple) unindexed Save undo state is a truth state that varies. Save undo state is usually true. Chapter (for use with Undo Output Control by Erik Temple) Section - Undo save control (in place of Section - Undo save control in Undo Output Control by Erik Temple) Infra Undo ends here. ---- DOCUMENTATION ---- This is Ultra Undo by Dannii Willis modified to use temporary files rather than standard external files. The reason for this is to avoid cluttering up the game directory with lots of undo files. A problem with this approach is that on interpreters that automatically save the game state on exit, the undo files might all be gone (along with all other temporary files) when the game state is restored at a later point, particularly after a system restart. We should at least add a proper error message for these situations. Some interpreters, like Lectrote, will hide away all external files in a special directory. Others, like the browser-based Quixe, will write temporary files, standard save files and other external files all to the same directory. On those, this extension will not do much good. There is definitely more of Danni Willis's code than mine in here. It was written for Counterfeit Monkey, but is not used there at present. ORIGINAL DOCUMENTATION FOR ULTRA UNDO Some interpreters have limitations which mean that for very large story files the Undo function stops working. So far the only known example of this is Emily Short's Counterfeit Monkey, for which this extension was written. Infra Undo will keep Undo working when the interpreter cannot, by using external files. You do not need to do anything other than include the extension - it will take care of everything for you, including cleaning up after itself (i.e., deleting those files when the player quits or restarts.) There is a use option "maximum file based undo count" which controls how many how many turns can be undone using external files. By default that number is 5. The use option "file based undo" will switch on file based undo permanently, bypassing the standard memory based undo entirely. This can be used to lower the memory footprint of a game, and is also useful for testing. This extension is compatible with Conditional Undo by Jesse McGrew and Undo Output Control by Erik Temple. The latest version of this extension can be found at <https://github.com/i7/extensions>. This extension is released under the Creative Commons Attribution licence. Bug reports, feature requests or questions should be made at <https://github.com/i7/extensions/issues>.

sn2001063112_1891-03-13_1_1_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Public Domain

VOLUME XII. What, will the new Alliance stock and grain trust do when it runs up against South Dakota's sturdy anti-trust law? Argus-Leader: "Tell the truth." says the Sioux City Journal. What, about the McKinley bill? It wouldn't hurt you to try, neighbor. "It is a little early yet to satisfactorily review the work of the late legislature but it is safe to say of it as a whole that it will redound to the credit of the state. Governor Mellette has reappointed Public Examiner Blanchard, which is a well deserved recognition of that gentleman's valuable services during his first term. Gov. Mellette will now have an opportunity to put some clear-headed, representative farmer on the board of railroad commissioners, and he may thank the senate for the opportunity. The papers speak of Ingalls as going into retirement. That's hardly the case. His brilliant personality will simply transfer its activity to other fields. You can't retire a man like Ingalls. The logic of some of the Independent organs is that a farmers' trust is all right but any other kind of a trust is a monstrous oppression and a breeder of corruption. Why didn't the party make that distinction in its platform, then? We are in receipt of the official report and opinions of Attorney General Dollard, which show that that official has been the right man in the right place. Whenever Mr. Dollard's opinions have been in court, they have been fully sustained. The Aberdeen News complains that Gov. Mellette's appointments thus For have failed to recognize the north half of the state, which seems to be the fact. It certainly must have been an oversight, for the governor has lots of friends up north. Here's the way a Day county Independent organ puts it: It is true that the Independent convention, held at Huron, adopted a resolution favoring prohibition, but resolutions are not pledges but simply an expression of preference. That whine hath a strangely familiar sound. The esteemed Argus-Leader is getting so rabidly Democratic these days as to arouse the suspicion that it is setting its sails for what it thinks may be the popular current in 1892. Having completely mopped the earth with Sherman and Windom—and THE REPUBLICAN— on the silver question, it has now turned its attention to knocking out Blaine's reciprocity and McKinley's protection as measures of popular benefit. And yet it has utterly failed to substantiate its allegations against the Republican party on the silver question. The following communication is said to have been sent by President Lawrence of one of Wichita's national banks to a Connecticut money loaner, who had sent him an interest coupon for collection: WICHITA, March 3.—Dear Sir: Mr. B. refuses to pay the coupon you sent us for collection—$60. He says he has joined the Alliance and has "stopped paying debts." Shall we return the coupon? Kansas is bound to keep up her reputation for unique features in political economy and statesmanship. A Sioux Falls dispatch to the Minneapolis Tribune says of the resubmission fight: No less than $4,000 was raised in this city for lobby work. The failure of the bill caused untold regret among the saloon element and the leaders of the resubmission movement. One saloon keeper. Who has the confidence of the leaders, stated that $10,000 had been raised in the state to carry the measure through. On the other hand, Senator Wickhem tells a Sioux Falls reporter that: Not a dollar, not a penny was used in influencing votes on this question and I guess anyone who was there would tell you that we worked for all there was in the cause. Exchange: There is truly a most remarkable case of marriage and death reported from Nova Scotia. James Applegate and his blushing bride stood up before a minister to be married, when Applegate fell to the ground a corpse. Heart disease was the cause. The local paper says that both Applegate's father and grandfather died in the same manner and at the same period of the marriage ceremony. It certainly very rarely happens that a man's grandfather and father both died on their wedding day, and the question very naturally arises how a man, in the ordinary course of events, can become either a father or a grandfather who falls dead at the marriage altar. But they may do these things differently in Nova Scotia. What is lacking is truth and confidence. If there were absolute truth on the one hand and absolute confidence on the other, it wouldn't be necessary for the makers of Dr. Sage's Catarrh Remedy to back up a plain statement of fact by a $500 guarantee. They say— "If we can't cure you (make it personal, please,) of catarrh in the head, in any form or stage, we'll pay you $500 for your trouble in making the trial." "An advertising fake," you say. Funny, isn't it, how some people prefer sickness to health when the remedy is positive and the guarantee absolute. Wise men don't put money back of "fakes." And "faking" doesn't pay. Magical little granules—those tiny, sugar-coated Pellets of Dr. Pierce scarcely larger than mustard seeds, yet powerful to cure—active yet mild in operation. The best Liver Pill ever invented. Cure sick headache, dizziness, constipation. One a dose. Says the Southern Medical World: "Mother's Friend" is growing in favor throughout the south and is highly recommended by physicians. We consider it indispensable to those who know they must pass through the ordeal of childbirth. Write Bradfield Regulator Co., Atlanta, Ga., for particulars. Sold by S. H. Scalpin and L. O. Gale, druggists. Bucklen's Arnica Salve. The Best Salve in the world for Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt Rheum, Fever Sores, Tetter, Chapped Hands, Chilblains, Corns and all Skin Erupations, and positively cures Piles, or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, or money refunded. Price 25c per box. For sale by S. H. Scalpin. Pot Over Fifty Years. An old and well-tried remedy.—Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup has been used for over fifty years by millions of mothers for their children while teething, with perfect success. It soothes the child, softens the gums, allays all pain, cures wind colic, and is the best remedy for Diarrhea. It is pleasant to the taste. Sold by druggists in every part of the world. Twenty Five cents a bottle. Its value is incalculable. Be sure and ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup and take no other kind. A Fatal Mistake. Physicians make no more fatal mistake than when they inform patients that nervous heart troubles come from the stomach and are of little consequence. Dr. Franklin Miles, the noted Indiana specialist, has proven the contrary in his new book on "Heart Disease," which may be had free at S. H. Scallin's drug store, who guarantees and recommends Dr. Mile's unequaled New Heart Cure, which has the largest sale of any heart remedy in the world. It cures nervous and organic heart disease, short breath, fluttering, pain or tenderness in the side, arm shoulder, irregular pulse, fainting, smothering, dropsy, etc. His restorative Nervine cures headache, fits, etc. How to Succeed. This is the great problem of life which few satisfactorily solve. Some fail because of poor health, others want of luck, but the majority from deficient grit—want of nerve. They are nervous, irresolute, changeable, easily get the blues and "take the spirits down to keep the spirits up," thus wasting money, time, opportunity and nerve force. There is nothing like the Restorative Nervine, discovered by the great specialist, Dr. Miles, to cure all nervous diseases, as headache, the blues, nervous prostration, sleeplessness, neuralgia, St. Vitus dance, fits and hysteria. Trial bottles and fine book of testimonials free at S. H. Scallin's drug store. Merit Wins. We desire to say to our citizens, that we have been selling Dr. King's New Discovery for Consumption, Dr. King's New Life Pills, Bucklen's Arnica Salve and Electric Bitters, and have never handled remedies that sell as well, or that have given such universal satisfaction. We do not hesitate to guarantee them every time, and we stand ready to refund the purchase price, if satisfaction is not obtained. A story results do not follow their use. These remedies have won their great popularity, on their merits, S. H. Seal, drugist. SLEEPLESS NIGHTS, made miserable by that cough. Shiloh's Cure is the remedy for you. For sale by L. Of Gale, druggist. When baby was sick, she cried for Castoria. When the child was sick, she cried for Castoria. When die had Children, W thein.Castorla. MITCHELL, SOUTH DAKOTA, FRIDAY, MAR. 13, 1891. SMacobsQil BRUISES, FROST-BITES, INPLAHHATIONS —AND ALL— HURTS AND IR.L8 OF MRN AND BEAST. GODDEN & BALLARD, Emmettsbarg, Iowa. O N E N S AND HEAD STONES J. FORSYTH, Agt, STOVER. SOUTH DAKOTA. ©"Why Should Everybody use Town sends Pills? Because they AL WAYS CURE Billlousness! Sold by Druggists Generally and by R. C. WARNE & CO., Gen. Agents for U. S. Land Office at Mitchell, South Dakota, February 9,1891. Notice Is hereby given that the following named settler has tiled notice of his Intention to make tlnal proof In support or his claim, and that said proof will be made before the Register and Re ceiver, at Mitchell, South Dakota, on March 28. 1891, viz: Barbara McConlcey, widow of James S. Mo Conkey, for the Southwest 14 Sec. 18, Twp. 101 N, Ri. flow. (H. E. No. 22012?. He names the following witnesses to prove his continuous residence upon, and cultivation of. said land, viz: James Irvine. John Carlson, Frank Sand and Charles JohnBton, all of Ethan post office, South Dakota. R. N. KKAT*, Register. NOTICE. Notice is hrrebv (riven that cattle will be taken to li rd on the lankton Indian reserva tion during thesonsou of 18IM. 'I he season will coniM'oncn May Ht. and outinue until Oc. o ber 31st. 1391 Price SI per bead. None but sound, heatliy cnttK will be received and tbos. having tne brand of I he owner. Good care, perfect security and sate return guaran teed. By order of tlie council ni the tribe. FELIX T. BRDKOT, Presldmt of the Tribe. The foregoing notice is authentic. Parties desiring further information please address Felix X. Brunot,Greenwood. 8.D. Notice of Mortgage Foreclosure Sale. WHEREAS, Default has occurred in the payment of the sum of thirty dollars [30,001 Interest which became due and payable on the 1st day of August, A. D., 1890, upon a certain mortgage duly executed and delivered by James Connelly and Mary C. Connelly, his wife, mortgagors to Foster R. Clement, mortgagee, bearing date the 1st day of August, A. D., 1887, and which mortgage, together with the power of sale therein contained, was duly recorded in the office of the register of deeds in and for the county of Davison and Territory of Dakota, on the 4th day of August, A. D., 1887, at 11 o'clock a. m., in book 86 of mortgages, on page 200 and WHEREAS, It is in said mortgage provided that if said Mortgage shall fail to pay any part of the sum of money secured thereby at the time and in the manner specified in said mortgage, then and as often as such default shall occur, the whole sum of money secured thereby, may, at the option of the legal holder of the notes thereby secured, and without notice, be declared due and payable, and whereas the said Foster R. Clement now the legal holder of said notes and such default having occurred, the said Foster R. Clement has elected and does hereby elect and declare the whole sum secured by said mortgage due and payable, and therefore there is claimed to be due upon said mortgage at the date of this notice. The sum of five hundred and sixty-seven dollars, any part thereof. Now, THEREFORE, Notice is hereby given that by virtue of the power of sale contained in said mortgage, and pursuant to the statute in such case made and provided, the said mortgage will be foreclosed by sale of the premises described in and conveyed by said mortgage, viz: The northwest quarter of section No. one [11], and the northeast quarter of section No. two [21], all in township No. one hundred and three [103], and range No. sixty-one [61], in the county of Davison, state of South Dakota, with the hereditaments and appurtenances thereto belonging which sale will be made by the sheriff of said county of Davison at the front door of the courthouse, in the city of Mitchell, in said county of Davison, and state of South Dakota, on the 29th day of April, A. D. 1831, at 1 o'clock in the afternoon of that day, at public auction, to the highest bidder for cash, to pay said debt and interest, and taxes, if any on said premises and fifty dollars attorney's fees as stipulated in said mortgage in case of foreclosure, and the disbursements allowed by law subject to redemption at any time within one year from the date of sale, as provided by law. Dated at Watertown, S.D. this 1st day of March A. D., 1891. FOSTER B. CLEMENT, C. W. CHURCH, Mortgagee. At to or a W at to S New Notice—Timber Culture. It. S. Land Office, Mitchell, S. H., February 27, 1891.) Complaint having been entered at this office by Herman Knappelagalii & Hiram Earl, for failure to comply with the law to timber culture entry No. 10587, date November 17, 1882, upon the southeast section 14, twp. 102 Rg. 62 W., with a view to the cancellation of said entry contestant alleging: "That the said Hiram Earl has entirely failed to plant trees, trees, or cuttings upon said tract or to cultivate the same as required by the timber culture law since the date of said entry. In this that there is not to exceed at this date six acres of trees upon said tract consisting of willows and a few cottonwoods, now in a dwarfed state." sickly and unhealthy condition for the want of proper cultivation that said dwarfed trees are not sufficient in number to comply with the law upon said six acres and the same have not been cultivated in any manner for the two years last past, and the ground upon which they stand is now covered by a luxuriant growth of grass and weeds nearly as large as the trees that the only planting of trees, tree seeds or cuttings upon said tract or cultivation of the same which has been done for the last two years or since the year 1888 was the plowing of about three acres, and the planting of the same to tree seeds after the ground was frozen in the fall of 1890 and that said default continues unto the present time and said willow and cottonwood trees now standing upon said tract were planted (upon information and belief) in the year of 1885 and never have been properly cultivated since they were planted, also that the claimant was not qualified to make said entry, he being at the time a native of Canada and had not declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States. Wherefore the said parties are hereby summoned to appear at this office on the 10th day of April, 1891, at 10 o'clock a.m., to respond and furnish testimony concerning said alleged failure. B. N. KRATZ, Register. State of South Dakota, The State of South Dakota, County of Grant, greeting: To Frank E. Stevens and Charles C. Dunlap. You are hereby notllied that on the first day of October. A. D.. 1888, the then treasurer of said county of Davison exposed for sale, and sold the following real estate, to-wlt: Lot No. six (6) In block No. four (4) In E. Bracy's addition to the cltyof Mitchell In S. D. for the taxes for the year 1887, then due aud delin quent theron that at said time and place F. A. Bldwell the undersigned, bid the amount of said taxes, Interest and costs, due thereon and Is now the lawful owner and holder of the certificate of purchase therefor, and that the right of redemp tion will expire and a deed for said land will be made, unless redemption from such sale be made within sixty days from the date of completed ser vice of this notice on you. F. A. BIDWELL State of South Dakota^ The State of South Da Davlson County S kota Sends Greetlug: To Alice A. Ahem. You are hereby notified that on the first day of October A. D., 1883, the then treasurer ot said county of Davison exposed for sale, and sold the following real estate, to-wlt: Frederick S. Carpenter. John Bogert, Joseph Rabe und Lester Beuil, all of Emsley postoflice, South Dakota. {,3$ No. five (6) In block No. twelve (12) In hell Lot University addition to the city of Mitchell In South Dakota, for the taxes for the year 1887. then due and delinquent thereon that at said time and place F. A. Bldwell, the undersigned, bid the amount of said taxes, interest and costs, due thereon and is now the lawful owner and holder of the certificate of purchase therefor, and that the right of redemption will expire and a deed for sale land will be made, unless redemption from such sale be made within sixty days from the date of completed service on you. F. A. BIDWELL. Land Office at Mitchell, South Dakota. February 9,1891. Notice is hereby given that the following named settler has made notice of his intention to make final proof in support of his claim, and that said proof will be made before the Register and Receiver, at Mitchell, South Dakota, on April 1, 1891, viz: Fred H. Eichmeler, for the Souths Northwest Sec. 29, Twp. 101N., Rg. 61 W. (F. D. S. No. 2464). He names the following witnesses to prove his continuous residence upon, and cultivation of, said land, viz: R. N. KKATZ, Register. Notice of Application for Letters of Administration. STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA, In the County Court of the County ss. of Davison. In the matter of the estate of Lewis Horn, deceased: Notice is hereby given that John Horn has filed with the judge of this court, a petition, praying for letters of administration of the estate of Lewis Horn, deceased, and that on Tuesday, the 21st day of April, 1891, at 1 o'clock p.m. of said day, being a special term of this court, to-wit: at the courthouse in the city of Mitchell, county of Davison, has been set for hearing said petition with and where any person interested may appear and show cause why the said petition should not be granted. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, We have caused the seal of the county court of said county of Davison, state of South Dakota, to be hereunto affixed. Witness, Hon. J. L. Hannett, Judge of the county court in and for said county of Davison, at his office in the city of Mitchell, in said county, this 10th day of March, A.D. 1891 SEAL. C. J. JOHNSON, Clerk of the Court. Notice of Mortgage Foreclosure Sale. WHEREAS, Default has occurred in the payment of the sum of sixteen dollars and sixty-two cents [16.62] Interest which became due and payable on the 1st day of December, A.D., 1889, upon a certain mortgage, duly executed and delivered by Lewis W. Doty, Jr. and Gertrude C. Doty his wife, mortgagors to Hiram D. Upton, mortgagee, bearing date the 18th day of May, A. D., 1887, and which mortgage, together with the power of sale therein contained was duly recorded in the office of the register of deeds in and for the county of Davison and territory of Dakota, on the 20th day of May, A. D., 1887, at 2 o'clock p. m., in book 63 of mortgages, on page 691 and WHEREAS, It is said mortgage provided that said mortgagors shall fail to pay any part of the sum of money secured thereby at the time and in the manner specified in said mortgage, then and as often as such default shall occur, the whole sum of money secured thereby, may, at the option of the legal holder of the notes thereby secured, and without notice, be declared due and payable, and WHEREAS, The said Hiram D. Upton is now the legal holder of said notes and such default having occurred, the said Hiram D. Upton has elected and does hereby elect and declare the whole sum secured by said mortgage due and payable, and therefore there is claimed to be due upon said mortgage at the date of this notice, the sum of nine hundred and fourteen dollars and 32 cents, [$914.32,] and no action or proceeding having been instituted, at law or otherwise, to recover the debt secured by said mortgage or any part thereof. Now, THEREFORE, Notice is hereby given, that by virtue of the power of sale contained in said mortgage, and pursuant to the statute in such case made and provided, the said mortgage will be foreclosed by the sale of the premises described in and conveyed by said mortgage, viz: The south half of the southeast quarter, [s, V, se. 14] and the south half of the southwest quarter, [s, sw. 11] of section No. three [3], in township No. one hundred and one. [1011 and range No. sixty (60), in the county of Davison and state of South Dakota, with the hereditaments and appurtenances thereto belonging which sale will be made by the sheriff of said county of Davison, at the front door of the courthouse, in the city of Mitchell, in said county of Davison and state of South Dakota, on the 29th day of April, A. D., 1891, at 1 o'clock in the afternoon of that day, at public auction, to the highest bidder for cash, to pay said debt and interest, and taxes, if there be any on said premises, and seventy-five dollars attorney's fees as stipulated in said mortgage in case of foreclosure, and the disbursements allowed by law subject to redemption at any time within one year from the date of sale, as provided by law. Dated at Watertown, S. D., this 1st day of February, A. D., 1891. HIRAM D. UPTON, C. G. GOULD, Mortgagee. To the ladies, etc., are war regulated, and sold on bottom. Address W. H. DOUGLAS, Brockton, Mass. Sold CHAMPENY BROS. Agt. Farmers, Dehorn Your Salves, USE Lewis & Bennett's Muley Maker or Dehorning Fluid Warranted to dehorn calves 3 weeks old and under. No pain, and no blood a child can use it. Warranted to give entire satisfaction or money refunded. $1 per bottle. One bottle will dehorn 100 head of calves. T. E. GREENE, Sole Agent for Davison County, Mitchell, S.D. Leasing of School Lands. State of South Dakota, Office of commissioner of school and public lands. PIERRE, January 14,1891.—Notice is hereby given that on the 8th day of April, 1891, all the unsold school lands in Davison county will be offered for lease at public auction to the highest bidder, at the front door of the courthouse in said county. The leasing will be conducted by the county superintendent of schools. Said leasing will be held between the hours of ten o'clock a.m. and five o'clock p.m. each day until all tracts of school land have been offered for lease. THOS. H. BOTH, Commissioner of School and Public Lands. Att'y for Mortgagee, Watertown, S.D. NUMBER 26. I. IE3. stair, PHOTOGRAPHER, Portraits of Children a Successful Spooiality- Pictures Made in Cloudy as well as in Clear Weather. THE SONG OF THE "No. 9." My dress is of fine polished oak, As rich as the finest fur cloak, And for handsome design On just should see mine— No. 81 No. S. I'm beloved by the poor and the rich, For both I impartially attach In the cabin I shine, In the mansion I'm fine— No. 82 No. S. I never get surly nor tired. With zeal I always am fired To hard work I incline, For rest I ne'er pine- No. 0, No. S. I am easily purchased by all, With instalments that monthly do fall And when I am thine, Then life is benign— No. #, No. 9. To the Paris Exposition I went, Upon getting the Grand Prize intent I left all behind, The Grand Prize was mine— No. #, No. 9. At the Universal Exposition of 1889, at Paris, France, the best sewing machines of the world! including those of America, were in competition! They were passed upon by a Jury composed of the best foreign mechanical experts, two of whom were the leading sewing machine manufactured of France. This Jury, after exhaustive examination and tests, adjudged that the Wheeler & Wilson machines were the best of all, and awarded that company the highest prize offered—the GRAND PRIZE—giving other companies only gold, silver and bronze medals. The French government, as a further recognition of superiority, decorated Mr. Nathaniel Wheeler, president of the company, with the Cross of the Legion of Honor—the most prized honor of France. The No. 9, for family use, and the No. 12, for manufacturing uses, are the best in the world today. And now, when you want a sewing machine, if you do not get the best it will give your own fault Ask your sewing machine dealer for the No. Wheeler & Wilson machine. If he doesn't keep Chicago, HL W.S. CROTZ, MITCHELL, S. D. The Best. D. M. FERRY & Co's Illustrated THE BEST. D. M. FERRY & Co's Illustrated Descriptive and Priced Seed Annual For 1891 will be mailed FREE to all applicants, and to last season's customers. It is better than ever. Every person using Garden Flower or Fertilizer Steed, should send for it. Address O. M. FERRY & CO. DETROIT, MICH. Largest Seedsmen in the world. C.C. BRAS & CO. Representing Sixteen Leading Insurance Companies With Combined Assets of $100,000,000.00! Office over Scallin's Drug Store And Still We Live, And Are Trying to Do You Good, By offering you the Best Goods in our Line at Almost Your Own Price. It has been Admitted by Every Nurseryman who Has Visited Our Grounds That We Have The Largest and Finest Stock in the State. Samples from our grounds have taken first premium at every territorial and state fair in South Dakota, and we are continually making improvements and additions to our list of varieties. WE GROW AND SELL TREES AND SEEDS. And are prepared this spring to supply anything in our line for less money than the same can be purchased for elsewhere, quality considered. WE HAVE A LARGE SURPLUS in some lines and are offering DISCOUNTS FROM 25 TO 50 PER CENT, on early orders to reduce stock. Call on us or write for prices at once. City Office Open April 1st. Northern Nursery & Seed Co.

github_open_source_100_8_19913

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common; import cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common.filter.RouterFilterHelper; import cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common.filter.ServiceInstanceHostFilter; import cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common.filter.ServiceInstanceMetaFilter; import cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common.store.RouterConfigSource; import cn.icodening.console.cloud.router.common.store.RouterFilterConfigSource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.SmartInitializingSingleton; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * @author icodening * @date 2021.07.17 */ @Import(SpringCloudRouterCommonAutoConfiguration.NoRibbonFilterConfiguration.class) public class SpringCloudRouterCommonAutoConfiguration { @Bean public ExpressionMatcher expressionRegexMatcher() { return new ExpressionRegexMatcher(); } @Bean public ExpressionMatcher expressionEqualsMatcher() { return new ExpressionEqualsMatcher(); } @Bean public HttpRequestExtractor httpRequestHeaderExtractor() { return new HttpRequestHeaderExtractor(); } @Bean public HttpRequestExtractor httpRequestQueryExtractor() { return new HttpRequestQueryExtractor(); } @Bean public RouterFilterHelper routerFilterHelper() { return RouterFilterHelper.getInstance(); } @Bean public RouterConfigSource routerConfigSource() { return new RouterConfigSource(); } @Bean public RouterFilterConfigSource routerFilterConfigSource() { return new RouterFilterConfigSource(); } @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public SpringCloudRouterInterceptor springCloudRouterInterceptor() { return new SpringCloudRouterInterceptor(); } @Bean public SmartInitializingSingleton restTemplateConfigurer(List<RestTemplate> restTemplates, SpringCloudRouterInterceptor springCloudInterceptor) { return () -> { for (RestTemplate restTemplate : restTemplates) { List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(restTemplate.getInterceptors()); interceptors.add(0, springCloudInterceptor); restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors); } }; } @Conditional(OnNoRibbonDefaultCondition.class) public static class NoRibbonFilterConfiguration { @Bean public ServiceInstanceHostFilter serviceInstanceHostFilter() { return new ServiceInstanceHostFilter(); } @Bean public ServiceInstanceMetaFilter serviceInstanceMetaFilter() { return new ServiceInstanceMetaFilter(); } } }

github_open_source_100_8_19914

Github OpenSource

Various open source

#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~# ####################################################################################################### ################################# YOUTUBE SPAM COMMENT DELETER ######################################## ####################################################################################################### #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~# ### ### Function: Allows you to scan for spam comments with multiple methods, and delete them all at once ### ### Purpose: Recently, there has been a massive infestation of spam on YouTube where fake impersonator ### accounts leave spam/scam replies to hundreds of users on a creator's videos. ### ### For some god-forsaken reason, YouTube offers no way to delete all comments by a specific ### user at once, meaning you must delete them one by one BY HAND. ### ### YouTube offers a functionality to ban a user, but it does NOT delete previous comments. ### Therefore I created this script to allow you to instantly purge their spam comments. ### ### NOTES: 1. To use this script, you will need to obtain your own API credentials file by making ### a project via the Google Developers Console (aka 'Google Cloud Platform'). ### The credential file should be re-named 'client_secret.json' and be placed in the ### same directory as this script. ### >>> See the Readme for instructions on this. ### ### 2. I suck at programming so if something doesn't work I'll try to fix it but might not ### even know how, so don't expect too much. ### ### Author: ThioJoe - YouTube.com/ThioJoe ### Twitter.com/ThioJoe ### ### GitHub: https://github.com/ThioJoe/YT-Spammer-Purge/ ### ### License: GPL-3.0 ### ### IMPORTANT: I OFFER NO WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE FOR THIS SCRIPT. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. ### I tested it on my own and implemented some failsafes as best as I could, ### but there could always be some kind of bug. You should inspect the code yourself. version = "2.14.2" configVersion = 24 #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~# # Import other module files from Scripts.shared_imports import * import Scripts.auth as auth import Scripts.validation as validation import Scripts.utils as utils import Scripts.files as files import Scripts.logging as logging import Scripts.operations as operations import Scripts.prepare_modes as modes from Scripts.community_downloader import main as get_community_comments #Args = post's ID, comment limit import Scripts.community_downloader as community_downloader from Scripts.utils import choice # Standard Libraries import time import ast from dataclasses import dataclass from datetime import datetime, timedelta from collections import namedtuple import platform import json from pkg_resources import parse_version # Other Libraries from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError ########################################################################################## ########################################################################################## ###################################### MAIN ############################################## ########################################################################################## ########################################################################################## def main(): # Run check on python version, must be 3.6 or higher because of f strings if sys.version_info[0] < 3 or sys.version_info[1] < 6: print("Error Code U-2: This program requires running python 3.6 or higher! You are running" + str(sys.version_info[0]) + "." + str(sys.version_info[1])) input("Press Enter to exit...") sys.exit() # Declare Global Variables global YOUTUBE global CURRENTUSER User = namedtuple('User', 'id name configMatch') # Some Typehints scanMode: str config: dict jsonData: dict versionInfoJson: dict # Checks system platform to set correct console clear command # Clears console otherwise the windows terminal doesn't work with colorama for some reason clear_command = "cls" if platform.system() == "Windows" else "clear" os.system(clear_command) # Initiates colorama and creates shorthand variables for resetting colors init(autoreset=True) S.R = S.RESET_ALL F.R = F.RESET B.R = B.RESET print("\nLoading YT Spammer Purge @ " + str(version) + "...") # Authenticate with the Google API - If token expired and invalid, deletes and re-authenticates YOUTUBE = auth.first_authentication() #### Prepare Resources #### resourceFolder = RESOURCES_FOLDER_NAME whitelistPathWithName = os.path.join(resourceFolder, "whitelist.txt") spamListFolder = os.path.join(resourceFolder, "Spam_Lists") spamListDict = { 'Lists': { 'Domains': {'FileName': "SpamDomainsList.txt"}, 'Accounts': {'FileName': "SpamAccountsList.txt"}, 'Threads': {'FileName': "SpamThreadsList.txt"} }, 'Meta': { 'VersionInfo': {'FileName': "SpamVersionInfo.json"}, 'SpamListFolder': spamListFolder #'LatestLocalVersion': {} } } resourcesDict = { 'Whitelist': { 'PathWithName': whitelistPathWithName, 'FileName': "whitelist.txt", } } print("Checking for updates to program and spam lists...") # Check if resources and spam list folders exist, and create them if not os.path.isdir(resourceFolder): try: os.mkdir(resourceFolder) # Create readme with open(os.path.join(resourceFolder, "_What_Is_This_Folder.txt"), "w") as f: f.write("# This Resources folder is used to store resources required for the YT Spammer Purge program.\n") f.write("# Note: If you had a previous spam_lists folder that was created in the same folder as \n") f.write("# the .exe file, you can delete that old spam_lists folder. The resources folder is the \n") f.write("# new location they will be stored.\n") except: print("\nError: Could not create folder. To update the spam lists, try creating a folder called 'SpamPurge_Resources',") print(" then inside that, create another folder called 'Spam_Lists'.") if os.path.isdir(resourceFolder) and not os.path.isdir(spamListFolder): try: os.mkdir(spamListFolder) except: print("\nError: Could not create folder. To update the spam lists, go into the 'SpamPurge_Resources' folder,") print(" then inside that, create another folder called 'Spam_Lists'.") # Prepare to check and ingest spammer list files # Iterate and get paths of each list for x,spamList in spamListDict['Lists'].items(): spamList['Path'] = os.path.join(spamListFolder, spamList['FileName']) spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['Path'] = os.path.join(spamListFolder, spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['FileName']) # Path to version included in packaged assets folder # Check if each spam list exists, if not copy from assets, then get local version number, calculate latest version number latestLocalSpamListVersion = "1900.12.31" for x, spamList in spamListDict['Lists'].items(): if not os.path.exists(spamList['Path']): files.copy_asset_file(spamList['FileName'], spamList['Path']) listVersion = files.get_list_file_version(spamList['Path']) spamList['Version'] = listVersion if parse_version(listVersion) > parse_version(latestLocalSpamListVersion): latestLocalSpamListVersion = listVersion spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['LatestLocalVersion'] = latestLocalSpamListVersion # Check for version info file, if it doesn't exist, get from assets folder if not os.path.exists(spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['Path']): files.copy_asset_file(spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['FileName'], spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['Path']) # Get stored spam list version data from json file jsonData = open(spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['Path'], 'r', encoding="utf-8") versionInfoJson = str(json.load(jsonData)) # Parses json file into a string versionInfo = ast.literal_eval(versionInfoJson) # Parses json string into a dictionary spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['LatestRelease'] = versionInfo['LatestRelease'] spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['LastChecked'] = versionInfo['LastChecked'] # Check for primary config file, load into dictionary 'config'. If no config found, loads data from default config in assets folder os.system(clear_command) config = files.load_config_file(configVersion) os.system(clear_command) # Check for program and list updates if auto updates enabled in config try: if config['release_channel'] == "all": updateReleaseChannel = "all" elif config['release_channel'] == "stable": updateReleaseChannel = "stable" else: print("Invalid value for 'release_channel' in config file. Must be 'All' or 'Stable'") print("Defaulting to 'All'") input("Press Enter to continue...") updateReleaseChannel = "all" except KeyError: print("\nYour version of the config file does not specify a release channel. Defaulting to 'All'") print(f"{F.YELLOW}Re-create your config{S.R} to get the latest version.") input("\nPress Enter to continue...") updateReleaseChannel = "all" if config['auto_check_update'] == True: try: updateAvailable = files.check_for_update(version, updateReleaseChannel, silentCheck=True, ) except Exception as e: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Error Code U-3 occurred while checking for updates. (Checking can be disabled using the config file setting) Continuing...{S.R}\n") updateAvailable = None # Check if today or tomorrow's date is later than the last update date (add day to account for time zones) if datetime.today()+timedelta(days=1) >= datetime.strptime(spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['LatestLocalVersion'], '%Y.%m.%d'): # Only check for updates until the next day if datetime.today() > datetime.strptime(spamListDict['Meta']['VersionInfo']['LastChecked'], '%Y.%m.%d.%H.%M')+timedelta(days=1): spamListDict = files.check_lists_update(spamListDict, silentCheck=True) else: updateAvailable = False # In all scenarios, load spam lists into memory for x, spamList in spamListDict['Lists'].items(): spamList['FilterContents'] = files.ingest_list_file(spamList['Path'], keepCase=False) ####### Load Other Data into MiscData ####### print("\nLoading other assets..\n") @dataclass class MiscDataStore: resources:dict spamLists:dict rootDomainsList:list totalCommentCount:int channelOwnerID:str channelOwnerName:str miscData = MiscDataStore( resources = {}, spamLists = {}, rootDomainsList = [], totalCommentCount = 0, channelOwnerID = "", channelOwnerName = "", ) rootDomainListAssetFile = "rootZoneDomainList.txt" rootDomainList = files.ingest_asset_file(rootDomainListAssetFile) miscData.resources = rootDomainList miscData.spamLists['spamDomainsList'] = spamListDict['Lists']['Domains']['FilterContents'] miscData.spamLists['spamAccountsList'] = spamListDict['Lists']['Accounts']['FilterContents'] miscData.spamLists['spamThreadsList'] = spamListDict['Lists']['Threads']['FilterContents'] miscData.resources = resourcesDict # Create Whitelist if it doesn't exist, if not os.path.exists(whitelistPathWithName): with open(whitelistPathWithName, "a") as f: f.write("# Commenters whose channel IDs are in this list will always be ignored. You can add or remove IDs (one per line) from this list as you wish.\n") f.write("# Channel IDs for a channel can be found in the URL after clicking a channel's name while on the watch page or where they've left a comment.\n") f.write("# - Channels that were 'excluded' will also appear in this list.\n") f.write("# - Lines beginning with a '#' are comments and aren't read by the program. (But do not put a '#' on the same line as actual data)\n\n") miscData.resources['Whitelist']['WhitelistContents'] = [] else: miscData.resources['Whitelist']['WhitelistContents'] = files.ingest_list_file(whitelistPathWithName, keepCase=True) if config: moderator_mode = config['moderator_mode'] else: moderator_mode = False os.system(clear_command) #----------------------------------- Begin Showing Program --------------------------------- print(f"{F.LIGHTYELLOW_EX}\n===================== YOUTUBE SPAMMER PURGE v" + version + f" ====================={S.R}") print("=========== https://github.com/ThioJoe/YT-Spammer-Purge ===========") print("================= Author: ThioJoe - YouTube.com/ThioJoe ================ \n") # Instructions print("Purpose: Lets you scan for spam comments and mass-delete them all at once \n") print("NOTE: It's probably better to scan individual videos, because you can scan all those comments,") print(" but scanning your entire channel must be limited and might miss older spam comments.") print("You will be shown the comments to confirm before they are deleted.") # While loop until user confirms they are logged into the correct account confirmedCorrectLogin = False while confirmedCorrectLogin == False: # Get channel ID and title of current user, confirm with user userInfo = auth.get_current_user(config) CURRENTUSER = User(id=userInfo[0], name=userInfo[1], configMatch=userInfo[2]) # Returns [channelID, channelTitle, configmatch] auth.CURRENTUSER = CURRENTUSER print("\n > Currently logged in user: " + f"{F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}" + str(CURRENTUSER.name) + f"{S.R} (Channel ID: {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}" + str(CURRENTUSER.id) + f"{S.R} )") if choice(" Continue as this user?", CURRENTUSER.configMatch) == True: confirmedCorrectLogin = True os.system(clear_command) else: auth.remove_token() os.system(clear_command) YOUTUBE = auth.get_authenticated_service() # Declare Classes @dataclass class ScanInstance: matchedCommentsDict: dict vidIdDict: dict vidTitleDict: dict matchSamplesDict: dict authorMatchCountDict: dict allScannedCommentsDict: dict scannedRepliesCount: int scannedCommentsCount: int logTime: str logFileName: str errorOccurred:bool ############################################## ######### PRIMARY INSTANCE FUNCTION ########## ############################################## ## Allows Re-running Program From Main Menu ## ############################################## def primaryInstance(miscData): timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S") # Instantiate class for primary instance current = ScanInstance( matchedCommentsDict={}, vidIdDict={}, vidTitleDict={}, matchSamplesDict={}, authorMatchCountDict={}, allScannedCommentsDict={}, scannedRepliesCount=0, scannedCommentsCount=0, logTime = timestamp, logFileName = None, errorOccurred = False, ) # Declare Default Variables maxScanNumber = 999999999 scanVideoID = None videosToScan = [] loggingEnabled = False userNotChannelOwner = False os.system(clear_command) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- if updateAvailable != False: updateStringLabel = "Update Available: " if updateAvailable == True: # Stable update available updateString = f"{F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}Yes{S.R}" elif updateAvailable == "beta": # Beta Update Available if updateReleaseChannel == "stable": updateStringLabel = "" updateString = "" else: updateString = f"{F.CYAN}Beta{S.R}" elif updateAvailable == None: updateString = f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Error{S.R}" print("> Note: Error during check for updates. Select 'Check For Updates' for details.") else: if config['auto_check_update'] == False: updateStringLabel = "Update Checking: " updateString = "Off" else: updateStringLabel = "" updateString = "" # User selects scanning mode, while Loop to get scanning mode, so if invalid input, it will keep asking until valid input print("\n{:<59}{:<18}{:>5}".format("> At any prompt, enter 'X' to return here", updateStringLabel, updateString)) print("> Enter 'Q' now to quit") print(f"\n\n-------------------------------- {F.YELLOW}Scanning Options{S.R} --------------------------------") print(f" 1. Scan {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}specific videos{S.R}") print(f" 2. Scan {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}recent videos{S.R} for a channel") print(f" 3. Scan recent comments across your {F.LIGHTBLUE_EX}Entire Channel{S.R}") print(f" 4. Scan a specific {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}community post{S.R} (Experimental)") print(f" 5. Scan {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}recent community posts{S.R} for a channel (Experimental)") print(f"\n--------------------------------- {F.YELLOW}Other Options{S.R} ----------------------------------") print(f" 6. Create your own {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}config file(s){S.R} to run the program with pre-set settings") print(f" 7. Remove comments using a {F.LIGHTRED_EX}pre-existing list{S.R} or log file") print(f" 8. Recover deleted comments using log file") print(f" 9. Check & Download {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}Updates{S.R}\n") # Make sure input is valid, if not ask again validMode:bool = False validConfigSetting:bool = True while validMode == False: if validConfigSetting == True and config and config['scan_mode'] != 'ask': scanMode = config['scan_mode'] else: scanMode = input("Choice (1-9): ") if scanMode.lower() == "q": sys.exit() # Set scanMode Variable Names validModeValues = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'chosenvideos', 'recentvideos', 'entirechannel', 'communitypost', 'commentlist', 'recentcommunityposts'] if scanMode in validModeValues: validMode = True if scanMode == "1" or scanMode == "chosenvideos": scanMode = "chosenVideos" elif scanMode == "2" or scanMode == "recentvideos": scanMode = "recentVideos" elif scanMode == "3" or scanMode == "entirechannel": scanMode = "entireChannel" elif scanMode == "4" or scanMode == "communitypost": scanMode = "communityPost" elif scanMode == "5" or scanMode == "recentcommunityposts": scanMode = "recentCommunityPosts" elif scanMode == "6": scanMode = "makeConfig" elif scanMode == "7" or scanMode == "commentlist": scanMode = "commentList" elif scanMode == "8": scanMode = "recoverMode" elif scanMode == "9": scanMode = "checkUpdates" else: print(f"\nInvalid choice: {scanMode} - Enter a number from 1 to 9") validConfigSetting = False # If chooses to scan single video - Validate Video ID, get title, and confirm with user if scanMode == "chosenVideos": # While loop to get video ID and if invalid ask again confirm:bool = False validConfigSetting = True while confirm == False: numVideos = 1 allVideosMatchBool = True miscData.totalCommentCount = 0 # Checks if input list is empty and if contains only valid video IDs listNotEmpty:bool = False validVideoIDs = False # False just to get into the loop while listNotEmpty == False or validVideoIDs == False: if validConfigSetting == True and config and config['videos_to_scan'] != 'ask': enteredVideosList = utils.string_to_list(config['videos_to_scan']) if len(enteredVideosList) == 0: validConfigSetting = False listNotEmpty = False print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}\nError: Video list is empty!{S.R}") else: listNotEmpty = True else: print(f"\nEnter a list of {F.YELLOW}Video Links{S.R} or {F.YELLOW}Video IDs{S.R} to scan, separated by commas.") print(" > Note: All videos must be from the same channel.") enteredVideosList = utils.string_to_list(input("\nEnter here: ")) if str(enteredVideosList).lower() == "['x']": return True # Return to main menu validConfigSetting = False if len(enteredVideosList) == 0: listNotEmpty = False print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}\nError: Video list is empty!{S.R}") else: listNotEmpty = True # Validates all video IDs/Links, gets necessary info about them validVideoIDs:bool = True videosToScan = [] videoListResult = [] # True/False, video ID, videoTitle, commentCount, channelID, channelTitle for i in range(len(enteredVideosList)): videoListResult.append([]) videosToScan.append({}) videoListResult[i] = validation.validate_video_id(enteredVideosList[i]) # Sends link or video ID for isolation and validation if videoListResult[i][0] == False: validVideoIDs = False confirm = False break for i in range(len(videoListResult)): # Change this if videoListResult[i][0] == True: videosToScan[i]['videoID'] = str(videoListResult[i][1]) videosToScan[i]['videoTitle'] = str(videoListResult[i][2]) videosToScan[i]['commentCount'] = int(videoListResult[i][3]) videosToScan[i]['channelOwnerID'] = str(videoListResult[i][4]) videosToScan[i]['channelOwnerName'] = str(videoListResult[i][5]) miscData.totalCommentCount += int(videoListResult[i][3]) else: print(f"\nInvalid Video: {enteredVideosList[i]} | Video ID = {videoListResult[1]}") validConfigSetting = False break # Check each video against first to ensure all on same channel if allVideosMatchBool == True: misMatchVidIndex = 0 if videosToScan[0]['channelOwnerID'] != videosToScan[i]['channelOwnerID']: misMatchVidIndex += 1 if allVideosMatchBool == True: print(f"\n {F.LIGHTRED_EX}ERROR: Videos scanned together all must be from the same channel.{S.R}") print(" The following videos do not match the channel owner of the first video in the list: ") if misMatchVidIndex == 11 and len(enteredVideosList) > 10: remainingCount = str(len(enteredVideosList) - 10) userChoice = choice(f"There are {remainingCount} more mis-matched videos, do you want to see the rest?") if userChoice == False: break elif userChoice == None: return True # Return to main menu print(f" {misMatchVidIndex}. {str(videosToScan[i]['videoTitle'])}") validConfigSetting = False allVideosMatchBool = False # If videos not from same channel, skip and re-prompt if allVideosMatchBool == True: # Print video titles, if there are many, ask user to see all if more than 5 i = 0 print(f"\n{F.BLUE}Chosen Videos:{S.R}") for video in videosToScan: i += 1 if i==6 and len(enteredVideosList) > 5: remainingCount = str(len(enteredVideosList) - 5) userChoice = choice(f"You have entered many videos, do you need to see the rest (x{remainingCount})?") if userChoice == False: break elif userChoice == None: return True # Return to main menu print(f" {i}. {video['videoTitle']}") print("") if CURRENTUSER.id != videosToScan[0]['channelOwnerID']: userNotChannelOwner = True miscData.channelOwnerID = videosToScan[0]['channelOwnerID'] miscData.channelOwnerName = videosToScan[0]['channelOwnerName'] # Ask if correct videos, or skip if config if config['skip_confirm_video'] == True: confirm = True else: if userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == False: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}NOTE: This is not your video. Enabling '{F.YELLOW}Not Your Channel Mode{F.LIGHTRED_EX}'. You can report spam comments, but not delete them.{S.R}") elif userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}NOTE: {F.YELLOW}Moderator Mode is enabled{F.LIGHTRED_EX}. You can hold comments for review when using certain modes{S.R}") print("Total number of comments to scan: " + str(miscData.totalCommentCount)) if miscData.totalCommentCount >= 100000: print(f"\n{B.YELLOW}{F.BLACK} WARNING: {S.R} You have chosen to scan a large amount of comments. The default API quota limit ends up") print(f" around {F.YELLOW}10,000 comment deletions per day{S.R}. If you find more spam than that you will go over the limit.") print(f" > Read more about the quota limits for this app here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/api-limit-info{S.R}") if userNotChannelOwner == True or moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}> Note:{S.R} You may want to disable 'check_deletion_success' in the config, as this doubles the API cost! (So a 5K limit)") confirm = choice("Is this video list correct?", bypass=validConfigSetting) if confirm == None: return True # Return to main menu elif scanMode == "recentVideos": confirm = False validEntry = False validChannel = False while validChannel == False: # Get and verify config setting for channel ID if config['channel_to_scan'] != 'ask': if config['channel_to_scan'] == 'mine': channelID = CURRENTUSER.id channelTitle = CURRENTUSER.name validChannel = True break else: validChannel, channelID, channelTitle = validation.validate_channel_id(config['channel_to_scan']) if validChannel == True: break else: print("Invalid Channel ID or Link in config file!") print(f"\nEnter a {F.YELLOW}channel ID or Link{S.R} to scan {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}recent videos{S.R} from") print(f" > If scanning {F.YELLOW}your own channel{S.R}, just hit {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}Enter{S.R}") inputtedChannel = input("\nEnter Here: ") if inputtedChannel == "": channelID = CURRENTUSER.id channelTitle = CURRENTUSER.name validChannel = True elif str(inputtedChannel).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu else: validChannel, channelID, channelTitle = validation.validate_channel_id(inputtedChannel) if CURRENTUSER.id != channelID: userNotChannelOwner = True print(f"\nChosen Channel: {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}{channelTitle}{S.R}") # Get number of recent videos to scan, either from config or user input, and validate while validEntry == False or confirm == False: videosToScan=[] validConfigSetting = True if config['recent_videos_amount'] != 'ask' and validConfigSetting == True: numVideos = config['recent_videos_amount'] try: numVideos = int(numVideos) except: validConfigSetting = False print("Invalid number entered in config file for recent_videos_amount") numVideos = None else: print(f"\nEnter the {F.YELLOW}number most recent videos{S.R} to scan back-to-back:") numVideos = input("\nNumber of Recent Videos: ") print("") if str(numVideos).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu try: numVideos = int(numVideos) if numVideos > 0 and numVideos <= 500: validEntry = True validConfigSetting = True else: print("Error: Entry must be from 1 to 500 (the YouTube API Limit)") validEntry = False validConfigSetting = False except ValueError: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Error:{S.R} Entry must be a whole number greater than zero.") if validEntry == True and numVideos >= 100: print(f"\n{B.YELLOW}{F.BLACK} WARNING: {S.R} You have chosen to scan a large amount of videos. With the default API quota limit,") print(f" every 100 videos will use up 20% of the quota {F.YELLOW}just from listing the videos alone, before any comment scanning.{S.R}") print(f" > Read more about the quota limits for this app here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/api-limit-info{S.R}") if validEntry == True: # Fetch recent videos and print titles to user for confirmation videosToScan = operations.get_recent_videos(channelID, numVideos) if str(videosToScan) == "MainMenu": return True # Return to main menu if len(videosToScan) == 0: print(f"\n{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Error:{S.R} No scannable videos found in selected range! They all may have no comments and/or are live streams.") if config['auto_close'] == True: print("Auto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") return True # Get total comment count miscData.totalCommentCount = 0 for video in videosToScan: miscData.totalCommentCount += int(video['commentCount']) if len(videosToScan) < numVideos: print(f"\n{F.YELLOW} WARNING:{S.R} Only {len(videosToScan)} videos found. Videos may be skipped if there are no comments.") print("\nRecent Videos To Be Scanned:") for i in range(len(videosToScan)): if i == 10 and len(videosToScan) > 11: remainingCount = str(len(videosToScan) - 10) userChoice = choice(f"There are {remainingCount} more recent videos, do you want to see the rest?") if userChoice == False: break elif userChoice == None: return True # Return to main menu print(f" {i+1}. {videosToScan[i]['videoTitle']}") if config['skip_confirm_video'] == True and validConfigSetting == True: confirm = True else: if userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == False: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}NOTE: These aren't your videos. Enabling '{F.YELLOW}Not Your Channel Mode{F.LIGHTRED_EX}'. You can report spam comments, but not delete them.{S.R}") elif userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}NOTE: {F.YELLOW}Moderator Mode is enabled{F.LIGHTRED_EX}. You can hold comments for review when using certain modes{S.R}") print("\nTotal number of comments to scan: " + str(miscData.totalCommentCount)) if miscData.totalCommentCount >= 100000: print(f"\n{B.YELLOW}{F.BLACK} WARNING: {S.R} You have chosen to scan a large amount of comments. The default API quota limit ends up") print(f" around {F.YELLOW}10,000 comment deletions per day{S.R}. If you find more spam than that you will go over the limit.") print(f" > Read more about the quota limits for this app here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/api-limit-info{S.R}") if userNotChannelOwner == True or moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}> Note:{S.R} You may want to disable 'check_deletion_success' in the config, as this doubles the API cost! (So a 5K limit)") confirm = choice("Is everything correct?", bypass=config['skip_confirm_video']) if confirm == None: return True # Return to main menu miscData.channelOwnerID = channelID miscData.channelOwnerName = channelTitle # If chooses to scan entire channel - Validate Channel ID elif scanMode == "entireChannel": numVideos = 1 # Using this variable to indicate only one loop of scanning done later # While loop to get max scan number, not an integer, asks again validInteger = False if config: validConfigSetting = True while validInteger == False: try: if validConfigSetting == True and config and config['max_comments'] != 'ask': maxScanNumber = int(config['max_comments']) else: maxScanNumber = input(f"Enter the maximum {F.YELLOW}number of comments{S.R} to scan: ") if str(maxScanNumber).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu maxScanNumber = int(maxScanNumber) if maxScanNumber >= 100000: print(f"\n{B.YELLOW}{F.BLACK} WARNING: {S.R} You have chosen to scan a large amount of comments. The default API quota limit ends up") print(f" around {F.YELLOW}10,000 comment deletions per day{S.R}. If you find more spam than that you will go over the limit.") print(f" > Read more about the quota limits for this app here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/api-limit-info{S.R}") if userNotChannelOwner == True or moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}> Note:{S.R} You may want to disable 'check_deletion_success' in the config, as this doubles the API cost! (So a 5K limit)") userChoice = choice("Do you still want to continue?") if userChoice == False: validInteger == False elif userChoice == None: return True # Return to main menu if maxScanNumber > 0: validInteger = True # If it gets here, it's an integer, otherwise goes to exception else: print("\nInvalid Input! Number must be greater than zero.") validConfigSetting = False except: print("\nInvalid Input! - Must be a whole number.") validConfigSetting = False miscData.channelOwnerID = CURRENTUSER.id miscData.channelOwnerName = CURRENTUSER.name elif scanMode == 'communityPost': print(f"\nNOTES: This mode is {F.YELLOW}experimental{S.R}, and not as polished as other features. Expect some janky-ness.") print(" > It is also much slower to retrieve comments, because it does not use the API") confirm = False while confirm == False: communityPostInput = input("\nEnter the ID or link of the community post: ") if str(communityPostInput).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu # Validate post ID or link, get additional info about owner, and useable link isValid, communityPostID, postURL, postOwnerID, postOwnerUsername = validation.validate_post_id(communityPostInput) if isValid == True: print("\nCommunity Post By: " + postOwnerUsername) if postOwnerID != CURRENTUSER.id: userNotChannelOwner = True print(f"\n{F.YELLOW}Warning:{S.R} You are scanning someone elses post. '{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Not Your Channel Mode{S.R}' Enabled.") confirm = choice("Continue?") if confirm == None: return True # Return to main menu else: print("Problem interpreting the post information, please check the link or ID.") miscData.channelOwnerID = postOwnerID miscData.channelOwnerName = postOwnerUsername # Checking config for max comments in config if config['max_comments'] != 'ask': validInteger = False try: maxScanNumber = int(config['max_comments']) if maxScanNumber > 0: validInteger = True else: pass except: pass if validInteger == False: print("\nInvalid max_comments setting in config! Number must a whole number be greater than zero.") while validInteger == False: maxScanInput = input(f"\nEnter the maximum {F.YELLOW}number of comments{S.R} to scan: ") if str(maxScanInput).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu try: maxScanNumber = int(maxScanInput) if maxScanNumber > 0: validInteger = True # If it gets here, it's an integer, otherwise goes to exception else: print("\nInvalid Input! Number must a whole number be greater than zero.") except: print("\nInvalid Input! - Must be a whole number greater than zero.") # Recent Community Posts elif scanMode == 'recentCommunityPosts': print(f"\nNOTES: This mode is {F.YELLOW}experimental{S.R}, and not as polished as other features. Expect some janky-ness.") print(" > It is also much slower to retrieve comments, because it does not use the API") confirm = False validEntry = False validChannel = False while validChannel == False: # Get and verify config setting for channel ID if config['channel_to_scan'] != 'ask': if config['channel_to_scan'] == 'mine': channelID = CURRENTUSER.id channelTitle = CURRENTUSER.name validChannel = True break else: validChannel, channelID, channelTitle = validation.validate_channel_id(config['channel_to_scan']) if validChannel == True: break else: print("Invalid Channel ID or Link in config file!") print(f"\nEnter a {F.YELLOW}channel ID or Link{S.R} to scan {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}recent community posts{S.R} from") print(f" > If scanning {F.YELLOW}your own channel{S.R}, just hit {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}Enter{S.R}") inputtedChannel = input("\nEnter Here: ") if inputtedChannel == "": channelID = CURRENTUSER.id channelTitle = CURRENTUSER.name validChannel = True elif str(inputtedChannel).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu else: validChannel, channelID, channelTitle = validation.validate_channel_id(inputtedChannel) if CURRENTUSER.id != channelID: userNotChannelOwner = True # Get and print community posts recentPostsListofDicts = community_downloader.fetch_recent_community_posts(channelID) print("\n------------------------------------------------------------") print(f"Retrieved {F.YELLOW}{len(recentPostsListofDicts)} recent posts{S.R} from {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}{channelTitle}{S.R}") print(f"\n Post Content Samples:") for i in range(len(recentPostsListofDicts)): print(f" {i+1}.".ljust(9, " ") + f"{list(recentPostsListofDicts[i].values())[0][0:50]}") if userNotChannelOwner == True: print(f"\n > {F.LIGHTRED_EX}Warning:{S.R} You are scanning someone elses post. {F.LIGHTRED_EX}'Not Your Channel Mode'{S.R} Enabled.") print(f"\n{F.YELLOW}How many{S.R} of the most recent posts do you want to scan?") while True: inputStr = input("\nNumber of Recent Posts: ") if str(inputStr).lower() == "x": return True else: try: numRecentPosts = int(inputStr) if numRecentPosts > len(recentPostsListofDicts): print("Number entered is more than posts available. Will just scan all posts available.") numRecentPosts = len(recentPostsListofDicts) elif numRecentPosts <= 0: print("Please enter a whole number greater than zero.") break except ValueError: print("Invalid Input! - Must be a whole number.") miscData.channelOwnerID = channelID miscData.channelOwnerName = channelTitle # Create config file elif scanMode == "makeConfig": result = files.create_config_file() if str(result) == "MainMenu": return True # Check for latest version elif scanMode == "checkUpdates": files.check_lists_update(spamListDict) files.check_for_update(version, updateReleaseChannel) input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") return True # Recove deleted comments mode elif scanMode == "recoverMode": result = modes.recover_deleted_comments(config) if str(result) == "MainMenu": return True elif scanMode == "commentList": result = modes.delete_comment_list(config) if str(result) == "MainMenu": return True # User inputs filtering mode print("\n-------------------------------------------------------") print(f"~~~~~~~~~~~ Choose how to identify spammers ~~~~~~~~~~~") print("-------------------------------------------------------") print(f" 1. {F.BLACK}{B.LIGHTGREEN_EX}(RECOMMENDED):{S.R} {F.YELLOW}Auto-Smart Mode{S.R}: Automatically detects multiple spammer techniques") print(f" 2. {F.YELLOW}Sensitive-Smart Mode{S.R}: Much more likely to catch all spammers, but with significantly more false positives") print(f" 3. Enter Spammer's {F.LIGHTRED_EX}channel ID(s) or link(s){S.R}") print(f" 4. Scan {F.LIGHTBLUE_EX}usernames{S.R} for criteria you choose") print(f" 5. Scan {F.CYAN}comment text{S.R} for criteria you choose") print(f" 6. Scan both {F.LIGHTBLUE_EX}usernames{S.R} and {F.CYAN}comment text{S.R} for criteria you choose") print(f" 7. ASCII Mode: Scan usernames for {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}ANY non-ASCII special characters{S.R} (May cause collateral damage!)") if userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == False: print(f" {F.LIGHTRED_EX}Note: With 'Not Your Channel Mode' enabled, you can only report matched comments while using 'Auto-Smart Mode'.{S.R}") # Based on filterModesAllowedforNonOwners elif userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == True: print(f" {F.LIGHTRED_EX}Note: With 'Moderator Mode', you can hold for review using: 'Auto-Smart', 'Sensitive-Smart', and Channel ID modes.{S.R}") # Make sure input is valid, if not ask again validFilterMode = False validFilterSubMode = False filterSubMode = None validConfigSetting = True validConfigSetting = True while validFilterMode == False: if validConfigSetting == True and config and config['filter_mode'] != 'ask': filterChoice = config['filter_mode'] else: filterChoice = input("\nChoice (1-7): ") if str(filterChoice).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu validChoices = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', 'id', 'username', 'text', 'nameandtext', 'autoascii', 'autosmart', 'sensitivesmart'] if filterChoice in validChoices: validFilterMode = True # Set string variable names for filtering modes if filterChoice == "1" or filterChoice == "autosmart": filterMode = "AutoSmart" elif filterChoice == "2" or filterChoice == "sensitivesmart": filterMode = "SensitiveSmart" elif filterChoice == "3" or filterChoice == "id": filterMode = "ID" elif filterChoice == "4" or filterChoice == "username": filterMode = "Username" elif filterChoice == "5" or filterChoice == "text": filterMode = "Text" elif filterChoice == "6" or filterChoice == "nameandtext": filterMode = "NameAndText" elif filterChoice == "7" or filterChoice == "autoascii": filterMode = "AutoASCII" else: print(f"\nInvalid Filter Mode: {filterChoice} - Enter either 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7") validConfigSetting = False ## Get filter sub-mode to decide if searching characters or string validConfigSetting = None if config['filter_submode'] != 'ask': filterSubMode = config['filter_submode'] validConfigSetting = True else: validConfigSetting = False if filterMode == "Username" or filterMode == "Text" or filterMode == "NameAndText": print("\n--------------------------------------------------------------") if filterMode == "Username": print("~~~ What do you want to scan usernames for specifically? ~~~") elif filterMode == "Text": print("~~~ What do you want to scan comment text for specifically? ~~~") elif filterMode == "NameAndText": print("~~~ What do you want to scan names and comments for specifically? ~~~") print(f" 1. A {F.CYAN}certain special character{S.R}, or set of multiple characters") print(f" 2. An {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}entire string{S.R}, or multiple strings") print(f" 3. Advanced: A custom {F.YELLOW}Regex pattern{S.R} you'll enter") while validFilterSubMode == False: if validConfigSetting == True: pass else: filterSubMode = input("\nChoice (1, 2, or 3): ") if str(filterSubMode).lower() == "x": return True # Return to main menu validFilterSubModes = ["1", "2", "3", "characters", "strings", "regex"] if filterSubMode in validFilterSubModes: validFilterSubMode = True validConfigSetting = True if filterSubMode == "1" or filterSubMode == "characters": filterSubMode = "chars" elif filterSubMode == "2" or filterSubMode == "strings": filterSubMode = "string" elif filterSubMode == "3" or filterSubMode == "regex": filterSubMode = "regex" else: print(f"\nInvalid choice: {filterSubMode} - Enter 1, 2 or 3") validConfigSetting = False ### Prepare Filtering Modes ### # Default values for filter criteria inputtedSpammerChannelID = None inputtedUsernameFilter = None inputtedCommentTextFilter = None regexPattern = "" if filterMode == "ID": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_ID(scanMode, config) inputtedSpammerChannelID = filterSettings[0] elif filterMode == "AutoASCII": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_non_ascii(scanMode, config) regexPattern = filterSettings[0] elif filterMode == "AutoSmart": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_smart(scanMode, config, miscData) inputtedUsernameFilter = filterSettings[0] inputtedCommentTextFilter = filterSettings[0] elif filterMode == "SensitiveSmart": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_smart(scanMode, config, miscData, sensitive=True) inputtedUsernameFilter = filterSettings[0] inputtedCommentTextFilter = filterSettings[0] elif filterSubMode == "chars": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_chars(scanMode, filterMode, config) elif filterSubMode == "string": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_strings(scanMode, filterMode, config) elif filterSubMode == "regex": filterSettings = modes.prepare_filter_mode_regex(scanMode, filterMode, config) regexPattern = filterSettings[1] if filterSettings[0] == "MainMenu": return True if filterSubMode != "regex": if filterMode == "Username": inputtedUsernameFilter = filterSettings[0] elif filterMode == "Text": inputtedCommentTextFilter = filterSettings[0] elif filterMode == "NameAndText": inputtedUsernameFilter = filterSettings[0] inputtedCommentTextFilter = filterSettings[0] ##################### START SCANNING ##################### filtersDict = { 'filterSettings': filterSettings, 'filterMode': filterMode, 'filterSubMode': filterSubMode, 'CustomChannelIdFilter': inputtedSpammerChannelID, 'CustomUsernameFilter': inputtedUsernameFilter, 'CustomCommentTextFilter': inputtedCommentTextFilter, 'CustomRegexPattern': regexPattern } if scanMode == "communityPost" or scanMode == "recentCommunityPosts": def scan_community_post(config, communityPostID, limit, postScanProgressDict=None, postText=None): authorKeyAllCommentsDict = {} allCommunityCommentsDict = get_community_comments(communityPostID=communityPostID, limit=limit, postScanProgressDict=postScanProgressDict, postText=postText) retrievedCount = len(allCommunityCommentsDict) print(f"\nRetrieved {retrievedCount} comments from post.\n") scannedCount = 0 # Analyze and store comments for key, value in allCommunityCommentsDict.items(): currentCommentDict = { 'authorChannelID':value['authorChannelID'], 'parentAuthorChannelID':None, 'authorChannelName':value['authorName'], 'commentText':value['commentText'], 'commentID':key, } try: authorKeyAllCommentsDict[value['authorChannelID']].append(currentCommentDict) except KeyError: authorKeyAllCommentsDict[value['authorChannelID']] = [currentCommentDict] except TypeError: pass operations.check_against_filter(current, filtersDict, miscData, config, currentCommentDict, videoID=communityPostID) scannedCount += 1 # Print Progress percent = ((scannedCount / retrievedCount) * 100) progressStats = f"[ {str(scannedCount)} / {str(retrievedCount)} ]".ljust(15, " ") + f" ({percent:.2f}%)" print(f' {progressStats} - Analyzing Comments For Spam ', end='\r') print(" ") dupeCheckModes = utils.string_to_list(config['duplicate_check_modes']) if filtersDict['filterMode'].lower() in dupeCheckModes: operations.check_duplicates(current, config, miscData, authorKeyAllCommentsDict, communityPostID) print(" ") if scanMode == "communityPost": scan_community_post(config, communityPostID, maxScanNumber) elif scanMode == "recentCommunityPosts": postScanProgressDict = {'scanned':0, 'total':numRecentPosts} for post in recentPostsListofDicts: postScanProgressDict['scanned'] += 1 id = list(post.keys())[0] # Each dict only has one key/value pair postText = list(post.values())[0] current.vidTitleDict[id] = f"[Community Post]: {postText}" scan_community_post(config, id, maxScanNumber, postScanProgressDict=postScanProgressDict, postText=postText) if postScanProgressDict['scanned'] == numRecentPosts: break else: # Goes to get comments for first page print("\n------------------------------------------------------------------------------") print("(Note: If the program appears to freeze, try right clicking within the window)\n") print(" --- Scanning --- \n") # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- def scan_video(miscData, config, filtersDict, scanVideoID, videosToScan=None, currentVideoDict=None, videoTitle=None, showTitle=False, i=1): nextPageToken, currentVideoDict = operations.get_comments(current, filtersDict, miscData, config, currentVideoDict, scanVideoID, videosToScan=videosToScan) if nextPageToken == "Error": return "Error" if showTitle == True and len(videosToScan) > 0: # Prints video title, progress count, adds enough spaces to cover up previous stat print line offset = 95 - len(videoTitle) if offset > 0: spacesStr = " " * offset else: spacesStr = "" print(f"Scanning {i}/{len(videosToScan)}: " + videoTitle + spacesStr + "\n") operations.print_count_stats(current, miscData, videosToScan, final=False) # Prints comment scan stats, updates on same line # After getting first page, if there are more pages, goes to get comments for next page while nextPageToken != "End" and current.scannedCommentsCount < maxScanNumber: nextPageToken, currentVideoDict = operations.get_comments(current, filtersDict, miscData, config, currentVideoDict, scanVideoID, nextPageToken, videosToScan=videosToScan) if nextPageToken == "Error": return "Error" return "OK" # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- if scanMode == "entireChannel": status = scan_video(miscData, config, filtersDict, scanVideoID) if status == "Error": pass elif scanMode == "recentVideos" or scanMode == "chosenVideos": i = 1 for video in videosToScan: currentVideoDict = {} scanVideoID = str(video['videoID']) videoTitle = str(video['videoTitle']) status = scan_video(miscData, config, filtersDict, scanVideoID, videosToScan=videosToScan, currentVideoDict=currentVideoDict, videoTitle=videoTitle, showTitle=True, i=i) if status == "Error": break i += 1 if current.errorOccurred == False: operations.print_count_stats(current, miscData, videosToScan, final=True) # Prints comment scan stats, finalizes else: utils.print_break_finished(scanMode) ########################################################## bypass = False if config['enable_logging'] != 'ask': logSetting = config['enable_logging'] if logSetting == True: loggingEnabled = True bypass = True elif logSetting == False: loggingEnabled = False bypass = True elif logSetting == "ask": bypass = False else: bypass = False print("Error Code C-2: Invalid value for 'enable_logging' in config file: " + logSetting) # Counts number of found spam comments and prints list spam_count = len(current.matchedCommentsDict) if spam_count == 0: # If no spam comments found, exits print(f"{B.RED}{F.BLACK} No matched comments or users found! {F.R}{B.R}{S.R}\n") print(f"If you see missed spam or false positives, you can submit a filter suggestion here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/filter-feedback{S.R}") if config['auto_close'] == False: input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") return True elif config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nAuto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() print(f"Number of Matched Comments Found: {B.RED}{F.WHITE} {str(len(current.matchedCommentsDict))} {F.R}{B.R}{S.R}") # If spam comments were found, continue if bypass == False: # Asks user if they want to save list of spam comments to a file print(f"\nSpam comments ready to display. Also {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}save a log file?{S.R} {B.GREEN}{F.BLACK} Highly Recommended! {F.R}{B.R}{S.R}") print(f" (It even allows you to {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}restore{S.R} deleted comments later)") loggingEnabled = choice(f"Save Log File (Recommended)?") if loggingEnabled == None: return True # Return to main menu print("") # Prepare log file and json log file settings - Location and names jsonSettingsDict = {} if loggingEnabled == True: current, logMode, jsonSettingsDict = logging.prepare_logFile_settings(current, config, miscData, jsonSettingsDict, filtersDict, bypass) else: print("Continuing without logging... \n") logMode = None jsonSettingsDict['jsonLogging'] = False # Prints list of spam comments if scanMode == "communityPost": scanVideoID = communityPostID print("\n\nAll Matched Comments: \n") # Print comments and write to log files logFileContents, logMode = logging.print_comments(current, config, scanVideoID, list(current.matchedCommentsDict.keys()), loggingEnabled, scanMode, logMode) print(f"\n{F.WHITE}{B.RED} NOTE: {S.R} Check that all comments listed above are indeed spam.") print(f" > If you see missed spam or false positives, you can submit a filter suggestion here: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/filter-feedback{S.R}") print() ### ---------------- Decide whether to skip deletion ---------------- returnToMenu = False # Defaults deletionEnabled = False deletionMode = None # Should be changed later, but if missed it will default to heldForReview confirmDelete = None # If None, will later cause user to be asked to delete if moderator_mode == False: filterModesAllowedforNonOwners = ["AutoSmart", "SensitiveSmart"] elif moderator_mode == True: filterModesAllowedforNonOwners = ["AutoSmart", "SensitiveSmart", 'ID'] # If user isn't channel owner and not using allowed filter mode, skip deletion if userNotChannelOwner == True and filterMode not in filterModesAllowedforNonOwners: confirmDelete = False deletionEnabled = False # Test skip_deletion preference - If passes both, will either delete or ask user to delete if config['skip_deletion'] == True: print("\nConfig setting skip_deletion enabled.") returnToMenu = True elif config['skip_deletion'] != False: print("Error Code C-3: Invalid value for 'skip_deletion' in config file. Must be 'True' or 'False'. Current Value: " + str(config['skip_deletion'])) input("\nPress Enter to exit...") sys.exit() ### ---------------------------------------------------------------- ### ------------- Decide whether to ask before deleting ------------- # Using config to determine deletion type, block invalid settings elif config['delete_without_reviewing'] == False: deletionEnabled = "Allowed" if config['removal_type'] == "reportspam" or userNotChannelOwner == True: deletionMode = "reportSpam" elif config['removal_type'] == "heldforreview": deletionMode = "heldForReview" elif config['removal_type'] == "rejected": deletionMode = "rejected" else: print("Error Code C-4: Invalid value for 'removal_type' in config file. Must be 'heldforreview', 'rejected', or 'reportSpam': " + config['removal_type']) input("\nPress Enter to exit...") sys.exit() # User wants to automatically delete with no user intervention elif config['delete_without_reviewing'] == True: if userNotChannelOwner == True: confirmDelete = "REPORT" deletionMode = "reportSpam" deletionEnabled = True elif config['removal_type'] == "reportspam" or config['removal_type'] == "heldforreview": if filterMode == "AutoSmart" or filterMode == "ID": deletionEnabled = True if config['removal_type'] == "reportspam": deletionMode = "reportSpam" confirmDelete = "REPORT" elif config['removal_type'] == "heldforreview": deletionMode = "heldForReview" confirmDelete = "DELETE" else: # If non-permitted filter mode with delete_without_reviewing, will allow deletion, but now warns and requires usual confirmation prompt print("Error Code C-5: 'delete_without_reviewing' is set to 'True' in config file. So only filter mode 'AutoSmart' allowed..\n") print("Next time use one of those filter modes, or set 'delete_without_reviewing' to 'False'.") print(" > For this run, you will be asked to confirm removal of spam comments.") input("\nPress Enter to continue...") confirmDelete = None deletionEnabled = "Allowed" else: print("Error Code C-6: 'delete_without_reviewing' is set to 'True' in config file. So 'removal_type' must be either 'heldForReview' or 'reportSpam'.\n") print("Next time, either set one of those removal types, or set 'delete_without_reviewing' to 'False'.") print(" > For this run, you will be asked to confirm removal of spam comments.") input("\nPress Enter to continue...") confirmDelete = None deletionEnabled = "Allowed" else: # Catch Invalid value print("Error C-7: Invalid value for 'delete_without_reviewing' in config file. Must be 'True' or 'False': " + config['delete_without_reviewing']) input("\nPress Enter to exit...") sys.exit() # Check if deletion is enabled, otherwise block and quit if returnToMenu == False and deletionEnabled != "Allowed" and deletionEnabled != True: print("\nThe deletion functionality was not enabled. Cannot delete or report comments.") print("Possible Cause: You're scanning someone elses video with a non-supported filter mode.\n") print("If you think this is a bug, you may report it on this project's GitHub page: https://github.com/ThioJoe/YT-Spammer-Purge/issues") if config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nAuto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") return True ### ---------------- Set Up How To Handle Comments ---------------- rtfExclude = None plaintextExclude = None exclude = False # If not skipped by config, ask user what to do if confirmDelete == None and returnToMenu != True: # Menu for deletion mode while confirmDelete != "DELETE" and confirmDelete != "REPORT" and confirmDelete != "HOLD": # Title if current.errorOccurred == True: print(f"\n--- {F.WHITE}{B.RED} NOTE: {S.R} Options limited due to error during scanning ---") if exclude == False: print(f"{F.YELLOW}How do you want to handle the matched comments above?{S.R}") elif exclude == True: print(f"{F.YELLOW}How do you want to handle the rest of the comments (not ones you {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}excluded{F.YELLOW})?{S.R}") if userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == False: print(f"{F.GREEN}~~ Not Your Channel Mode: Only Reporting is Possible ~~{S.R}") if userNotChannelOwner == True and moderator_mode == True: print(f"{F.GREEN}~~ Moderator Mode: Reporting and Holding for Review is possible ~~{S.R}") # Exclude if exclude == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}exclude certain authors{S.R}: Type \'{F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}exclude{S.R}\' followed by a list of the numbers (or ranges of #'s) {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}from the sample list{S.R}") print(" > Example: exclude 1, 3-5, 7, 12-15") print(f" > To {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}only process certain authors{S.R}: Type \'{F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}only{S.R}\' followed by a list of the numbers (or ranges of #'s) {F.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX}from the sample list{S.R}") print(" > Example: only 1, 3-5, 7, 12-15") # Delete Instructions if exclude == False: if userNotChannelOwner == False and current.errorOccurred == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTRED_EX}delete ALL of the above comments{S.R}: Type ' {F.LIGHTRED_EX}DELETE{S.R} ' exactly (in all caps), then hit Enter.") if (userNotChannelOwner == False or moderator_mode == True) and current.errorOccurred == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTRED_EX}move ALL comments above to 'Held For Review' in YT Studio{S.R}: Type ' {F.LIGHTRED_EX}HOLD{S.R} ' exactly (in all caps), then hit Enter.") elif exclude == True: if userNotChannelOwner == False and current.errorOccurred == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTRED_EX}delete the rest of the comments{S.R}: Type ' {F.LIGHTRED_EX}DELETE{S.R} ' exactly (in all caps), then hit Enter.") if (userNotChannelOwner == False or moderator_mode == True) and current.errorOccurred == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTRED_EX}move rest of comments above to 'Held For Review' in YT Studio{S.R}: Type ' {F.LIGHTRED_EX}HOLD{S.R} ' exactly (in all caps), then hit Enter.") if current.errorOccurred == False: print(f" > To {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}just report the comments for spam{S.R}, type ' {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}REPORT{S.R} '. (Can be done even if you're not the channel owner)") print(f" > To do nothing, simply hit Enter") if config['json_log'] == True and config['json_extra_data'] == True and loggingEnabled: print(f"\n{F.WHITE}{B.BLUE} JSON NOTE: {S.R} You must proceed to write the JSON log file, even if you choose nothing") confirmDelete = input("\nInput: ") if confirmDelete == "DELETE" and userNotChannelOwner == False: deletionEnabled = True deletionMode = "rejected" elif confirmDelete == "HOLD" and (userNotChannelOwner == False or moderator_mode == True): deletionEnabled = True deletionMode = "heldForReview" elif confirmDelete == "REPORT": deletionEnabled = True deletionMode = "reportSpam" elif "exclude" in confirmDelete.lower() or "only" in confirmDelete.lower(): if "exclude" in confirmDelete.lower(): onlyBool = False elif "only" in confirmDelete.lower(): onlyBool = True if loggingEnabled: logInfo = { 'logMode': logMode, 'logFileContents': logFileContents, 'jsonSettingsDict': jsonSettingsDict, 'filtersDict': filtersDict, } else: logInfo = None current, excludedDict, rtfExclude, plaintextExclude = operations.exclude_authors(current, config, miscData, inputtedString=confirmDelete, logInfo=logInfo, only=onlyBool) miscData.resources['Whitelist']['WhitelistContents'] = files.ingest_list_file(whitelistPathWithName, keepCase=True) exclude = True # Check that remaining comments list to remove is not empty if not current.matchedCommentsDict: print(f"\n{F.YELLOW}All authors excluded, no comments left to remove!{S.R}") input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") returnToMenu = True break else: if jsonSettingsDict['jsonLogging'] == True and loggingEnabled==True: if config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nRemoval / Reporting declined. Continuing to write JSON logs next.") else: input(f"\nRemoval / Reporting declined. Press {F.LIGHTCYAN_EX}Enter to write JSON log{S.R}...") returnToMenu = True break else: if config['auto_close'] == True: print(f"\n{F.YELLOW}Removal / Reporting declined{S.R} (Because no matching option entered)") else: if userNotChannelOwner: input(f"\n{F.YELLOW}Removal / Reporting declined{S.R} (Because no matching option entered). Press Enter to return to main menu...") else: print(f"\n\n{F.YELLOW}Removal / Reporting declined{S.R} (No valid option entered) - Note: The log file {F.YELLOW}can still be used{S.R} to delete the comments later.") input(f"\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") returnToMenu = True break if loggingEnabled: print(" Finishing Log File...", end="\r") # Write this just as default, then if actually do deleting, will be overwritten anyway logging.write_log_completion_summary(current, logMode, banChoice=False, deletionModeFriendlyName="Nothing (Log Only)") print(" ") # Write Json Log File if config['json_log'] == True and loggingEnabled and current.matchedCommentsDict: print("\nWriting JSON log file...") if config['json_extra_data'] == True: if current.errorOccurred == False: jsonDataDict = logging.get_extra_json_data(list(current.matchSamplesDict.keys()), jsonSettingsDict) logging.write_json_log(jsonSettingsDict, current.matchedCommentsDict, jsonDataDict) else: print(f"\n{F.LIGHTRED_EX}NOTE:{S.R} Extra JSON data collection disabled due to error during scanning") else: logging.write_json_log(jsonSettingsDict, current.matchedCommentsDict) if returnToMenu == True: print("\nJSON Operation Finished.") if config['auto_close'] == False: input("\nPress Enter to return to main menu...") if returnToMenu == True: if config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nAuto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: return True # Set deletion mode friendly name if deletionMode == "rejected": deletionModeFriendlyName = "Removed" elif deletionMode == "heldForReview": deletionModeFriendlyName = "Moved to 'Held for Review' Section" elif deletionMode == "reportSpam": deletionModeFriendlyName = "Reported for spam" # Set or choose ban mode, check if valid based on deletion mode if (confirmDelete == "DELETE" or confirmDelete == "REPORT" or confirmDelete == "HOLD") and deletionEnabled == True and current.errorOccurred == False: banChoice = False if config['enable_ban'] != "ask": if config['enable_ban'] == False: pass elif config['enable_ban'] == True: print("Error Code C-8: 'enable_ban' is set to 'True' in config file. Only possible config options are 'ask' or 'False' when using config.\n") input("Press Enter to continue...") else: print("Error Code C-9: 'enable_ban' is set to an invalid value in config file. Only possible config options are 'ask' or 'False' when using config.\n") input("Press Enter to continue...") elif deletionMode == "rejected": banChoice = choice(f"Also {F.YELLOW}ban{S.R} the spammer(s) ?") if banChoice == None: return True # Return to main menu elif deletionMode == "heldForReview": pass elif deletionMode == "reportSpam": pass ### ---------------- Reporting / Deletion Begins ---------------- operations.delete_found_comments(list(current.matchedCommentsDict), banChoice, deletionMode) if deletionMode != "reportSpam": if config['check_deletion_success'] == True: operations.check_deleted_comments(current.matchedCommentsDict) elif config['check_deletion_success'] == False: print("\nSkipped checking if deletion was successful.\n") if loggingEnabled == True: logging.write_log_completion_summary(current, logMode, banChoice, deletionModeFriendlyName) if config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nProgram Complete.") print("Auto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input(f"\nProgram {F.LIGHTGREEN_EX}Complete{S.R}. Press Enter to to return to main menu...") return True elif current.errorOccurred == True: if config['auto_close'] == True: print("Deletion disabled due to error during scanning. Auto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input(f"\nDeletion disabled due to error during scanning. Press Enter to return to main menu...") return True elif config['skip_deletion'] == True: if config['auto_close'] == True: print("\nDeletion disabled in config file.") print("Auto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input(f"\nDeletion is disabled in config file. Press Enter to to return to main menu...") return True else: if config['auto_close'] == True: print("Deletion Cancelled. Auto-close enabled in config. Exiting in 5 seconds...") time.sleep(5) sys.exit() else: input(f"\nDeletion {F.LIGHTRED_EX}Cancelled{S.R}. Press Enter to to return to main menu...") return True # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ------------------------------------------------END PRIMARY INSTANCE----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Loops Entire Program to Main Menu continueRunning = True while continueRunning == True: continueRunning = primaryInstance(miscData) # Runs the program if __name__ == "__main__": # #For speed testing # import cProfile # cProfile.run('main()', "output.dat") # import pstats # from pstats import SortKey # with open("output_time.txt", "w") as f: # p = pstats.Stats("output.dat", stream=f) # p.sort_stats("time").print_stats() # with open("output_calls.txt", "w") as f: # p = pstats.Stats("output.dat", stream=f) # p.sort_stats("calls").print_stats() # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- try: #remind() main() except SystemExit: sys.exit() except HttpError as hx: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") print("Error Message: " + str(hx)) if hx.status_code: print("Status Code: " + str(hx.status_code)) if hx.error_details[0]["reason"]: # If error reason is available, print it reason = str(hx.error_details[0]["reason"]) utils.print_exception_reason(reason) print(f"\nAn {F.LIGHTRED_EX}'HttpError'{S.R} was raised. This is sometimes caused by a remote server error. See the error info above.") print(f"If this keeps happening, consider posting a bug report on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\nPress Enter to Exit...") else: print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Unknown Error - Code: Z-1{S.R} occurred. If this keeps happening, consider posting a bug report on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") except UnboundLocalError as ux: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") print("Error Message: " + str(ux)) if "referenced before assignment" in str(ux): print(f"\n{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Error - Code: X-2{S.R} occurred. This is almost definitely {F.YELLOW}my fault and requires patching{S.R} (big bruh moment)") print(f"Please post a bug report on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") print(" (In the mean time, try using a previous release of the program.)") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") else: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") print(f"\n{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Unknown Error - Code: Z-2{S.R} occurred. If this keeps happening,") print("consider posting a bug report on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") except KeyError as kx: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") if "config" in str(kx): print(f"{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Unknown Error - Code: X-3{S.R}") print("Are you using an outdated version of the config file? Try re-creating the config file to get the latest version.") print(f"{F.LIGHTYELLOW_EX}If that doesn't work{S.R}, consider posting a {F.LIGHTYELLOW_EX}bug report{S.R} on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") else: print(f"{F.RED}Unknown Error - Code: X-4{S.R} occurred. This is {F.YELLOW}probably my fault{S.R},") print(f"please a {F.LIGHTYELLOW_EX}bug report{S.R} on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") except TypeError: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") print(f"{F.RED}Unknown Error - Code: X-5{S.R} occurred. This is {F.YELLOW}probably my fault{S.R},") print(f"please a {F.LIGHTYELLOW_EX}bug report{S.R} on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\n\nProcess Cancelled via Keyboard Shortcut") sys.exit() except Exception as x: traceback.print_exc() print("------------------------------------------------") print("Error Message: " + str(x)) print(f"\n{F.LIGHTRED_EX}Unknown Error - Code: Z-3{S.R} occurred. If this keeps happening, consider posting a bug report") print("on the GitHub issues page, and include the above error info.") print(f"Short Link: {F.YELLOW}TJoe.io/bug-report{S.R}") input("\n Press Enter to Exit...") else: print("\nFinished Executing.")

1230182_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

長谷寺（ちょうこくじ）は、群馬県高崎市白岩にある金峰山修験本宗の寺院である。山号は白岩山（しらいわさん）。本尊は十一面観音で、坂東三十三観音第15番札所である。地名から白岩観音とも称される。 歴史 この寺の創建年代等については不詳であり、聖武天皇の勅願により徳道によって創建されたとも、行基が十一面観音を刻んだとも伝えられる。最澄や空海がこの寺を訪れたとも伝えられる。その後、源氏（鎌倉将軍家）をはじめ新田氏・上杉氏などの信仰を得た。戦国時代の1566年（永禄9年）には武田信玄が箕輪城を攻めたときに類焼したが、1580年（天正8年）世無道によって再興された。古くから修験道の寺であったが、明治に入り一時天台宗に属することとなり、戦後現在の宗派となった。 文化財 群馬県指定文化財 木造十一面観音立像（本尊） 木造十一面観音立像（前立像） 高崎市指定文化財 白岩観音本堂、仁王門他 交通アクセス 高崎駅から群馬バス榛名湖行または室田行にてドドメキ下車徒歩35分又は同駅から群馬バス里見経由権田行下里見下車、下里見より高崎市コミュニティバス宮沢白岩線白岩観音北三叉路下車徒歩約5分 信越本線群馬八幡駅から群馬バス榛名線鳥井沢下車、鳥井沢より高崎市コミュニティバス宮沢白岩線白岩観音北三叉路下車徒歩約5分 隣の札所 坂東三十三観音 14 弘明寺　--　15 長谷寺　--　16 水澤寺 外部リンク 高崎市の文化財 坂東札所会 群馬県の寺 修験道 坂東三十三観音 高崎市の歴史 高崎市の建築物 金峯山修験本宗 群馬県指定有形文化財 群馬県内の市町村指定有形文化財 役小角.

github_open_source_100_8_19915

Github OpenSource

Various open source

<?php namespace Divante\VsbridgeIndexerCore\Exception; /** * Class ConnectionDisabledException */ class ConnectionDisabledException extends \RuntimeException { }

github_open_source_100_8_19916

Github OpenSource

Various open source

import debugLogger from 'debug'; import BigNumber from 'bignumber.js'; import ENS from 'ethereum-ens'; import { utils } from '../helpers'; import { networkSymbols } from '../partnersConfig'; import { ERC20, kyberBaseCurrency, PROVIDER_NAME, TIME_SWAP_VALID, MAX_DEST_AMOUNT, MIN_RATE_BUFFER, defaultValues, KyberCurrencies, kyberAddressFallback, kyberNetworkABI, kyberValidNetworks, kyberNetworkENS, walletDepositeAddress, FEE_RATE, GAS_LIMITS } from './config'; import kyberCalls from './kyber-calls'; const logger = debugLogger('v5:kyber-swap'); const errorLogger = debugLogger('v5-error:kyber'); const toBigNumber = num => { return new BigNumber(num); }; export default class Kyber { constructor(props = {}) { this.name = Kyber.getName(); this.network = props.network || networkSymbols.ETH; this.getRateForUnit = typeof props.getRateForUnit === 'boolean' ? props.getRateForUnit : false; this.hasRates = 0; this.GAS_LIMITS = GAS_LIMITS; this.defaultTradeGasLimit = defaultValues.tradeGasLimit; this.tokenToTokenGasLimit = defaultValues.tokenToTokenGasLimit; this.defaultTokenApprovalGasLimit = defaultValues.tokenApprovalGasLimit; this.maxGasPrice = defaultValues.maxGasPrice; // 30 Gwei this.gasPrice = defaultValues.gasPrice; // 2 Gwei this.tokenDetails = {}; this.setDefaultCurrencyList(); this.web3 = props.web3; this.ens = new ENS(props.web3.currentProvider); this.kyberNetworkABI = kyberNetworkABI || []; this.kyberNetworkAddress = props.kyberAddress || kyberAddressFallback[this.network]; this.getSupportedTokenList(); this.getMainNetAddress(this.kyberNetworkAddress); this.retrieveGasLimits(); } // Static Informational static getName() { return PROVIDER_NAME; } static isDex() { return true; } // Getters get defaultCurrencyList() { return KyberCurrencies[this.network]; } get currencies() { if (this.isValidNetwork && this.tokenDetails !== undefined) { if (Object.keys(this.tokenDetails).length > 5) { return this.tokenDetails; } return this.defaultCurrencyList; } else if (this.isValidNetwork) { return this.defaultCurrencyList; } return {}; } get isValidNetwork() { return kyberValidNetworks.includes(this.network); } getNetwork() { return this.network; } getAddress() { return this.kyberNetworkAddress; } getKyberNetworkAddress() { return this.kyberNetworkAddress; } async kyberNetworkState() { return await this.getKyberContractObject() .methods.enabled() .call(); } setNetwork(network) { this.network = network; if (this.isValidNetwork) { this.getMainNetAddress(kyberAddressFallback[this.network]); this.getSupportedTokenList(); } } setDefaultCurrencyList(fromConstructor) { if (fromConstructor) { this.tokenDetails = fromConstructor; } else if (KyberCurrencies[this.network]) { this.tokenDetails = this.defaultCurrencyList; } } getMainNetAddress(initialAddress) { if (this.network === networkSymbols.ETH) { try { this.ens .resolver(kyberNetworkENS) .addr() .then(address => { this.kyberNetworkAddress = address; }) .catch(() => { errorLogger('failed to resolve kyber network address via ENS'); }); } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); } } else { this.kyberNetworkAddress = initialAddress; } } // API Call async retrieveSupportedTokenList(network) { try { const rawTokenList = await kyberCalls.getTokenList(network); const tokenList = rawTokenList.data; const tokenDetails = {}; for (let i = 0; i < tokenList.length; i++) { if ( tokenList[i].symbol && tokenList[i].name && tokenList[i].decimals && tokenList[i].address ) { // otherwise the entry is invalid const symbol = tokenList[i].symbol.toUpperCase(); tokenDetails[symbol] = tokenList[i]; } } return tokenDetails; } catch (e) { utils.handleOrThrow(e); errorLogger(e); } } // API Call async retrieveGasLimits(network = this.network) { try { const gasLimitList = await kyberCalls.getGasLimits(network); this.GAS_LIMITS = gasLimitList.data; } catch (e) { utils.handleOrThrow(e); errorLogger(e); } } async getSupportedTokenList() { try { this.tokenDetails = await this.retrieveSupportedTokenList(this.network); this.hasRates = Object.keys(this.tokenDetails).length > 0 ? this.hasRates + 1 : 0; } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); } } getKyberContractObject() { return new this.web3.eth.Contract( this.kyberNetworkABI, this.kyberNetworkAddress ); } validSwap(fromCurrency, toCurrency) { if (this.isValidNetwork) { if (!this.currencies) return false; return this.currencies[fromCurrency] && this.currencies[toCurrency]; } } calculateTrueRate(topRate) { return new BigNumber(topRate) .minus(new BigNumber(topRate).times(new BigNumber(FEE_RATE))) .toNumber(); } async getRate(fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValue) { const rate = await this.getExpactedRateInTokens( fromCurrency, toCurrency, this.getRateForUnit ? 1 : fromValue ); return { fromCurrency, toCurrency, provider: this.name, rate: this.calculateTrueRate(rate) }; } async getRateUpdate(fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValue, toValue, isFiat) { return this.getRate(fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValue, toValue, isFiat); } async getExpectedRate(fromToken, toToken, fromValueWei) { const rates = await this.callKyberContract( 'getExpectedRate', this.getTokenAddress(fromToken), this.getTokenAddress(toToken), fromValueWei ); logger(rates); if (new BigNumber(rates['expectedRate']).eq(new BigNumber(0))) { return -1; } return rates['expectedRate']; } async getExpactedRateInTokens(fromToken, toToken, fromValue) { const fromWei = this.convertToTokenWei(fromToken, fromValue); logger(fromWei); const inWei = await this.getExpectedRate(fromToken, toToken, fromWei); if (+inWei > -1) { return this.convertToTokenBase(kyberBaseCurrency, inWei); } return -1; } getInitialCurrencyEntries(collectMapFrom, collectMapTo) { for (const prop in this.currencies) { if (this.currencies[prop]) collectMapTo.set(prop, { symbol: prop, name: this.currencies[prop].name }); collectMapFrom.set(prop, { symbol: prop, name: this.currencies[prop].name }); } } getUpdatedCurrencyEntries(value, collectMap) { if (this.currencies[value.symbol]) { for (const prop in this.currencies) { if (this.currencies[prop]) collectMap.set(prop, { symbol: prop, name: this.currencies[prop].name }); } } } getUpdatedFromCurrencyEntries(value, collectMap) { this.getUpdatedCurrencyEntries(value, collectMap); } getUpdatedToCurrencyEntries(value, collectMap) { this.getUpdatedCurrencyEntries(value, collectMap); } async callKyberContract(method, ...parameters) { try { return await this.getKyberContractObject() .methods[method](...parameters) .call(); } catch (e) { // eslint-disable-next-line console.error(e); } } async approveKyber(fromToken, fromValueWei) { let transferGasEst; try { const methodObject = new this.web3.eth.Contract( ERC20, this.getTokenAddress(fromToken) ).methods.approve(this.getKyberNetworkAddress(), fromValueWei); try { transferGasEst = this.getTokenApprovalGas(fromToken); } catch (e) { transferGasEst = undefined; } if (transferGasEst) { return { to: this.getTokenAddress(fromToken), value: 0, gas: transferGasEst, data: methodObject.encodeABI() }; } return { to: this.getTokenAddress(fromToken), value: 0, data: methodObject.encodeABI() }; } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); } } async canUserSwap({ fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValueWei, toValueWei, fromAddress }) { let userCap = true; const isTokenApprovalNeeded = async ( fromToken, toToken, fromValueWei, fromAddress ) => { if (fromToken === kyberBaseCurrency) return { approve: false, reset: false }; const currentAllowance = await new this.web3.eth.Contract( ERC20, this.getTokenAddress(fromToken) ).methods .allowance(fromAddress, this.getKyberNetworkAddress()) .call(); if (new BigNumber(currentAllowance).gt(new BigNumber(0))) { if ( new BigNumber(currentAllowance) .minus(new BigNumber(fromValueWei)) .lt(new BigNumber(0)) ) { return { approve: true, reset: true }; } return { approve: false, reset: false }; } return { approve: true, reset: false }; }; if ( fromCurrency === kyberBaseCurrency || toCurrency === kyberBaseCurrency ) { userCap = new BigNumber( await this.callKyberContract('getUserCapInWei', fromAddress) ) .times(0.95) .gt( new BigNumber( fromCurrency === kyberBaseCurrency ? fromValueWei : toValueWei ) ); } if ( userCap && new BigNumber( await this.callKyberContract( 'getBalance', this.getTokenAddress(fromCurrency), fromAddress ) ).gte(fromValueWei) ) { const { approve, reset } = await isTokenApprovalNeeded( fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValueWei, fromAddress ); if (approve && reset) { return new Set([ await this.approveKyber(fromCurrency, 0, fromAddress), { gas: this.getTokenApprovalGas(fromCurrency), ...(await this.approveKyber( fromCurrency, fromValueWei, fromAddress )) } ]); } else if (approve) { return new Set([ await this.approveKyber(fromCurrency, fromValueWei, fromAddress) ]); } return new Set(); } const reason = !userCap ? 'user cap value' : 'current token balance'; const errorMessage = `User is not eligible to use kyber network. Current swap value exceeds ${reason}`; throw Error(errorMessage); } async getTradeData( { fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValueWei, toAddress }, minRateWei ) { const data = this.getKyberContractObject() .methods.trade( await this.getTokenAddress(fromCurrency), fromValueWei, await this.getTokenAddress(toCurrency), toAddress, MAX_DEST_AMOUNT, this.MinRateWeiAdjustment(minRateWei), walletDepositeAddress ) .encodeABI(); return { to: this.getKyberNetworkAddress(), value: Object.values(networkSymbols).includes(fromCurrency) ? fromValueWei : 0, gas: this.getTokenTradeGas(fromCurrency, toCurrency), data }; } async generateDataForTransactions({ fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValue, toValue, fromAddress, toAddress }) { try { const fromValueWei = this.convertToTokenWei(fromCurrency, fromValue); const toValueWei = this.convertToTokenWei(toCurrency, toValue); const kyberSwapDetails = { fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromAddress, toAddress, fromValueWei, toValueWei }; const finalRate = await this.getExpectedRate( fromCurrency, toCurrency, fromValueWei ); if (finalRate === 0) throw Error( 'Received a rate of 0. Invalid quantity. Try swapping a lower amount.' ); const prepareSwapTxData = await this.canUserSwap(kyberSwapDetails); prepareSwapTxData.add( await this.getTradeData(kyberSwapDetails, finalRate) ); const swapTransactions = Array.from(prepareSwapTxData); return [...swapTransactions]; } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); throw e; } } async startSwap(swapDetails) { swapDetails.maybeToken = true; swapDetails.providerAddress = this.getAddress(); swapDetails.kyberMaxGas = await this.callKyberContract('maxGasPrice'); const finalRateWei = await this.getExpectedRate( swapDetails.fromCurrency, swapDetails.toCurrency, this.convertToTokenWei(swapDetails.fromCurrency, swapDetails.fromValue) ); const finalRate = this.convertToTokenBase('ETH', finalRateWei); swapDetails.dataForInitialization = await this.generateDataForTransactions( swapDetails ); swapDetails.toValue = new BigNumber(finalRate).times( new BigNumber(swapDetails.fromValue).toFixed(18).toString() ); swapDetails.finalRate = this.calculateNormalizedExchangeRate( swapDetails.toValue, swapDetails.fromValue ); swapDetails.providerReceives = swapDetails.fromValue; swapDetails.providerSends = new BigNumber(finalRate).times( new BigNumber(swapDetails.fromValue) ); swapDetails.parsed = { sendToAddress: this.getKyberNetworkAddress(), status: 'pending', validFor: TIME_SWAP_VALID }; swapDetails.providerAddress = this.getKyberNetworkAddress(); swapDetails.isDex = Kyber.isDex(); return swapDetails; } static async getOrderStatus() { return 'new'; } // Helpers MinRateWeiAdjustment(minRateWei) { const minRateWeiBN = new BigNumber(minRateWei); return minRateWeiBN .minus(minRateWeiBN.times(new BigNumber(MIN_RATE_BUFFER))) .toFixed(0) .toString(); } isTokenToToken(fromCurrency, toCurrency) { return ( fromCurrency !== kyberBaseCurrency && toCurrency !== kyberBaseCurrency ); } getTokenTradeGas(fromCurrency, toCurrency) { const fromGas = this.getTokenSwapGas(fromCurrency); const toGas = this.getTokenSwapGas(toCurrency); return toBigNumber(fromGas) .plus(toBigNumber(toGas)) .toFixed(0) .toString(); } getTokenApprovalGas(token) { const gasLimits = this.getGasLimits(token); return gasLimits.approveGasLimit; } getTokenSwapGas(token) { const gasLimits = this.getGasLimits(token); return gasLimits.swapGasLimit; } getTokenAddress(token) { try { if (utils.stringEqual(networkSymbols.ETH, token)) { return this.currencies[token].address; } return this.web3.utils.toChecksumAddress(this.currencies[token].address); } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); throw Error( `Token [${token}] not included in kyber network list of tokens` ); } } getTokenDecimals(token) { try { return +this.currencies[token].decimals; } catch (e) { errorLogger(e); throw Error( `Token [${token}] not included in kyber network list of tokens` ); } } getGasLimits(token) { try { const address = this.getTokenAddress(token); if (this.GAS_LIMITS && Array.isArray(this.GAS_LIMITS)) { const gasLimit = this.GAS_LIMITS.find(entry => { return entry.address === address; }); if (gasLimit !== null && gasLimit !== undefined) { return gasLimit; } return { swapGasLimit: this.defaultTradeGasLimit, approveGasLimit: this.defaultTokenApprovalGasLimit }; } const gasLimit = GAS_LIMITS.find(entry => { return entry.address === address; }); if (gasLimit !== null && gasLimit !== undefined) { return gasLimit; } return { swapGasLimit: this.defaultTradeGasLimit, approveGasLimit: this.defaultTokenApprovalGasLimit }; } catch (e) { return { swapGasLimit: this.defaultTradeGasLimit, approveGasLimit: this.defaultTokenApprovalGasLimit }; } } calculateNormalizedExchangeRate(toValue, fromValue) { return new BigNumber(toValue).div(fromValue).toString(10); } convertToTokenBase(token, value) { const decimals = this.getTokenDecimals(token); const denominator = new BigNumber(10).pow(decimals); return new BigNumber(value).div(denominator).toString(10); } convertToTokenWei(token, value) { const decimals = this.getTokenDecimals(token); const denominator = new BigNumber(10).pow(decimals); return new BigNumber(value) .times(denominator) .integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN) .toString(10); } }

github_open_source_100_8_19917

Github OpenSource

Various open source

<?php $this->load->view('templates/meta_tags'); ?> <link href="<?= base_url('assets/plugins/datatables/media/css/dataTables.bootstrap.css'); ?>" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="<?= base_url('assets/plugins/datatables/extensions/Responsive/css/responsive.dataTables.min.css'); ?>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div id="container" class="effect aside-float aside-bright mainnav-lg"> <?php $this->load->view('templates/head_navbar'); ?> <div class="boxed"> <div id="content-container"> <div id="page-head"> <div id="page-title"> <h1 class="page-header text-overflow">Brands</h1> </div> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="#"><i class="demo-pli-home"></i></a></li> <li><a href="#">Brands</a></li> <li class="active">Brand List</li> </ol> </div> <div id="page-content"> <div class="panel"> <?php $this->load->view('msg_view'); ?> <div class="panel-heading"> <div class="panel-title"> <a class="btn btn-danger" style="color: #fff;" href="<?= base_url('brands/add') ?>">Add New Brand</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <table id="basic" class="table table-striped table-bordered" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center"></th> <th class="text-center">Brand name</th> <th class="min-tablet text-center">Brand description</th> <th class="min-tablet text-center">Action</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <?php foreach ($brands->result() as $brand) : ?> <tr> <td class="text-center"> <img src="<?= BRAND_PATH . $brand->brand_logo ; ?>" style="width: 70px;" alt=" " /> </td> <td class="text-center"> <a class="btn-link" href="<?= base_url('brands/detail/' . $brand->id); ?>"><?= ucwords($brand->brand_name) ?></a> </td> <td class="text-center"> <?= $brand->description; ?> </td> <td class="text-center"> <div class="btn-group"> <a class="btn btn-mint btn-active-mint" href="<?= base_url('brands/detail/' . $brand->id); ?>">Edit</a> <button class="btn btn-danger btn-active-danger">Delete</button> </div> </td> </tr> <?php endforeach; ?> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php $this->load->view('templates/menu'); ?> </div> <?php $this->load->view('templates/footer'); ?> <button class="scroll-top btn"> <i class="pci-chevron chevron-up"></i> </button> </div> <?php $this->load->view('templates/scripts'); ?> <script src="<?= base_url('assets/plugins/datatables/media/js/jquery.dataTables.js'); ?>"></script> <script src="<?= base_url('assets/plugins/datatables/media/js/dataTables.bootstrap.js'); ?>"></script> <script src="<?= base_url('assets/plugins/datatables/extensions/Responsive/js/dataTables.responsive.min.js'); ?>"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function (x) { $('#basic').dataTable({ "responsive": true, "language": { "paginate": { "previous": '<i class="demo-psi-arrow-left"></i>', "next": '<i class="demo-psi-arrow-right"></i>' } } }); }); </script> </body> </html>

github_open_source_100_8_19918

Github OpenSource

Various open source

pub(crate) mod field; pub(crate) mod ops; mod polynomial; mod reed_solomon;

github_open_source_100_8_19919

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// Copyright 2016 Canonical Ltd. // Licensed under the LGPLv3, see LICENCE file for details. //go:build !windows // +build !windows package ssh import ( "io" ) // WrapStdin returns the original stdin stream on nix platforms. func WrapStdin(reader io.Reader) io.Reader { return reader }

4514966_1

courtlistener

Public Domain

19‐1752‐cv Campbell v. Saul UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL. 1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 2 held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the 3 City of New York, on the 11th day of March, two thousand twenty. 4 5 PRESENT: REENA RAGGI, 6 RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR., 7 STEVEN J. MENASHI, 8 Circuit Judges. 9 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 10 ALBERT CAMPBELL, 11 12 Plaintiff‐Appellee, 13 14 v. No. 19‐1752‐cv 15 16 ANDREW M. SAUL, COMMISSIONER OF 17 SOCIAL SECURITY, 18 19 Defendant‐Appellant. 20 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 1 FOR APPELLANT: Max D. Leifer, Max D. Leifer, P.C., 2 New York, NY. 3 4 FOR APPELLEE: Candace Scott Appleton, Varuni 5 Nelson, Arthur Swerdloff, Assistant 6 United States Attorneys, for Richard 7 P. Donoghue, United States Attorney 8 for the Eastern District of New York, 9 Brooklyn, NY. 10 Appeal from a June 11, 2019 judgment of the United States District Court 11 for the Eastern District of New York (Joanna Seybert, Judge). 12 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, 13 AND DECREED that the judgment of the District Court is AFFIRMED. 14 Albert Campbell appeals from a judgment of the District Court (Seybert, J.) 15 affirming the Commissioner of Social Security’s denial of his March 18, 2015 16 application for disability benefits. Campbell alleged that his heart disease, 17 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), arthritis, and anxiety forced him 18 to stop working as a carpenter on March 1, 2013. Following a hearing, the 19 Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) concluded that Campbell was not disabled 20 because he engaged in substantial gainful activity after the alleged onset of his 21 disability in March 2013 and after December 31, 2013, the last date on which he 22 was insured for disability benefits. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4)(i), (b). The 2 1 District Court agreed. On appeal, Campbell argues that the ALJ erred in 2 treating Campbell’s 2013 earnings as conclusive proof of substantial gainful 3 activity and in failing to consider evidence that rebutted the presumption of 4 substantial gainful activity. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the 5 underlying facts and the record of prior proceedings, to which we refer only as 6 necessary to explain our decision to affirm. 7 When deciding an appeal from a denial of disability benefits, “[w]e 8 undertake a plenary review of the administrative record, and our focus is on the 9 administrative ruling more than on the district court’s decision.” Talavera v. 10 Astrue, 697 F.3d 145, 151 (2d Cir. 2012) (quotation marks omitted). We are 11 “limited to determining whether the [ALJ’s] conclusions were supported by 12 substantial evidence in the record and were based on a correct legal standard.” 13 Id. (quotation marks omitted); see also 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). Substantial evidence 14 “means such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to 15 support a conclusion” and must be “more than a mere scintilla.” Richardson v. 16 Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quotation marks omitted). To be entitled to 17 disability benefits, a claimant must show that he became disabled while insured 18 for disability benefits. Kohler v. Astrue, 546 F.3d 260, 265 (2d Cir. 2008). 3 1 Disability is defined in relevant part as the “inability to engage in any substantial 2 gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental 3 impairment . . . .” 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A). The claimant bears the burden of 4 proving disability at step one of the sequential process, see Talavera, 697 F.3d at 5 151, and, if he fails to do so, the inquiry does not proceed to the next step, see 20 6 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4). 7 We find no error in the ALJ’s conclusion that Campbell failed to meet his 8 burden at step one. It is undisputed that Campbell’s insurance expired on 9 December 31, 2013, and that his earnings in 2013 were substantial enough to give 10 rise to a presumption of substantial gainful activity. See 20 C.F.R. § 11 404.1574(a)(1). Contrary to Campbell’s arguments on appeal, the ALJ did not 12 treat this evidence as conclusive proof of substantial gainful activity. Rather, 13 the ALJ correctly placed the burden on Campbell to rebut the presumption 14 created by his earnings. 15 The ALJ’s conclusion that Campbell failed to do so is supported by 16 substantial evidence. Campbell’s testimony that he stopped working on March 17 1, 2013 is contradicted by earnings records indicating that he worked throughout 18 2013, records from his employer stating that he was last paid in September 2014, 4 1 forms Campbell submitted to the Social Security Administration claiming that he 2 continued working and performing strenuous activities until May 1, 2014, and 3 medical records in which Campbell reported that he was still working as a 4 carpenter after the alleged date of onset and the expiration of insurance. 5 Although a presumption of substantial gainful activity can be rebutted by 6 evidence that the claimant worked under “special conditions,” 20 C.F.R. § 7 404.1573(c), Campbell has not offered any evidence that he worked under such 8 conditions. 9 We have considered Campbell’s remaining arguments and conclude that 10 they are without merit. For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the District 11 Court is AFFIRMED. 12 FOR THE COURT: 13 Catherine O=Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 14 5.

dpo:8536:mpeg21_11

Dutch-PD

Public Domain

Wanneer men de Schriften (Catecbefes),van.Cy.« rillust in de Vierde Eeuw eerst Catecheet, rWni  <g£&. G&SCfï, m #UÖH? itwmsE VERHANDELING J3i$6'ttf*P-te JfrHfalem,'doorbladerd, waarin eenige Texten ai&t^e ^ Heilige Schrift, ge.chikt voor dé belening van den Heiligen Doop, en üe Verplichting dei Gedoopten of Nieuwbekeenien, zal mdi onder deze, twee Epiltel Lenen vinden, die weleer by het Onderwys der Nieuwe Christenen wierden ,gebruikt, en naderhand, onder de Z >r,d<igsEpiftei Tenten zyn geplaatst, namentlyk i Petr. V. vs. 6 tot li, die noch heden op den Derden Zon* dag na het Feest der H. Dn-eëenheid, word voorgeleezen-, en J&om, VT. vs. 3 tot 11. heden op den Zesden Zondag na dien der Heilige Dneëenheid vastgefteld;- • Dit alles maakt het zeer wairfchynlyk, dat, toen men zekere Euangelien op de Z' ndagen voorfchreef, men ook zekere Epiftel Texten, op dezelve verkoos, en dat die Eerfte Epiftel Texten , gedeeltelyk dezelfde w.iren als, en gedeeltelyk niet veel veel verfchillende van onze hedendaagtche. ZESDE HOOFDSTUK. •tEFJab--ïiowi ^rmsto'-Wm nbs*'* m ■ Over de Epistelen, op eenige Heilige- en dpo/lel dagen in het byzonder. j)at de Propheetiiche LelTe, uit Jefaias LX* vs. 1 tot 6. ontleend, op den zogenaamden Drie<; Koningsdag, of het Feest van Jefus Ferfchyning aan de Oofterlingen, reeds van de IVde Eeuw, in welke men dit Feest begon te vieren, gebruikt wierd, en voor dien Dag was beftemd, blykt uit het  OVER i>E ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. 22 het meermaalen genoemd Gallieaanseh Leesboek»; waarin deze Text op Epiphania, Jefaias LX* vs. i. hoewel niet tot hei <Sde} maar toi het i6d« Vers, word. voorgefchreeven. Op den Dag van Juhannes den Dooper, die iri de Vde of VTlc Eeuw zynen Oorfprong nam, is naar alle gedachten, dezelfde Leffe uit Jefaias XL* vs. i tot 5 voorgeleezen, waarin de Propheet, niec alleen aangaande de Komst van den Mefiias, maat ook aangaande die van zynen Voorioóper vborfpeldi Dat intufl'chen in vroegere Tyden, deze'Text grooter was, blykt uit het aangehaald Leesboek, in het welk men, op den Dag van Johannes den Dooper, Jef. XL. vs. i tot ro. voorgefchreeven vindt* Op den Dag van den Aarts - Engel Michaël, heeft men buiten twyffel, altoos, Openb. XII. vs. 7- tot i2. voorgeleezen, welke Text ook noch, op die Plaatzen word gebruikt, daar men dit Feest vierdt, en waarin de Stryd van Michaël met den Draak, word verhaald. Dit word waarlchyn- lyker, wanneer men bedenkt, dat in het Euangelium op dézen Dag, Matth. XVIIl. vs. i tot ir. inet geen enkel woord van Michaël word gewag gemaakt, en men dus wel ftraks van het begin af, toen men dit Feest wilde vieren, iets uit de Heilige Schrift zal hebben opgezogt, waarin ook iets van Michaël word verhaald. Uit dit alles blykt, dat, vermits deze Texten,' of Verhaalen -behelzen, gefchikt voor dien Dag , op welken zy voorgefchreeven wierden, of, omdat eenige Schriften der Oudheid zulks bevestigen, wy grond hebben te befluiten, dat, Zodra deze Feestdagen wierden ingefteld, men ook wilde, dat-juist deze Texten, als Epistelen, op dezelve zouden gebruikt, voorgeleezen en verklaard worden ; het P 2 -gee»  Vft& OBS'ÓHv EN OüOH. KÖNDXGË VEKHANOELÏSnG geen. men niet met zo veel grond van andere Te# ten - i<an zeggen. Op het Feest van de Boodfchap des Engels aan Mama, heeft men thans tot Text, Jefaias Vil. ys. tö tot 15. en dit was weleer in de GallicaanJche Kerk, naar haar Leesboek, een gedeelte der .Lelfe op den Dag van Jefus Geboorte, op welken Dig men Jef Vil. van vs. 10. tot Hoofdfl. JX. ys- 7. waarvan nochtans het een of ander wierd jiitgetaaten, voorlas. -—■ Of men intuflehen in de Komeinlche Kerk, dien Text heeft geleezen, zodra -^u.eQ dè.2en^üag begon te vieren, en de Gallicaaniq.liie Kerk r die dezen plechtigen Dag niet hadj deze -Leflfe óp het Feest van Jefus Geboorte, om het Verband en Zarhenhang van deze beide Feesten met elt<ander, overbragt, dan, of eerst ten tyde ym.Carel den Grooten, deze Text voor dien Feestd'ig wiérd bepaald, blyft by gebrek aan zekere 13eïicht'eii, onzeker. ^. ^aS;l|.HVet ook gefield, met den Text, op den Dagfder 'Reiniging van Maria, te vinden Ma~ jeachi ,111. vs. I tot 4, welke een gedeelte is van die Jyefté,, wanryan de Frqnfchen gebruik maakten* UL dé Vigiliën op het Christfeest, befchree^i^Maleqchi II. van vs. 7 tot het Einde van het iDoèk yan dien Propheet. Voor de Tyden van Carel den Grooten, vindt men dezen Text, pp djen Dag, niet bepaald, en, wanneer men dus eigentlyk begon, denzelven by deze Gelegentheid te"1 gebruiken, blyft ongewis Qp tden Dag: van- het Bezoek van Maria by Elizabetb afgelegd, is niet altoos een' en dezelfde Kpiltel Text, zjederd de Initelling van dit Feest, overal, voorgeleezen; en hoe zeer de Texten 1 op dezen Dag verfchillen, blykt uit die drie, die öp .denzelven gebruikt worden, waarby her ••qoeielyR 5TH i3  'OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN,. ENZ. 22£ is te beflüTen, welke van deze drie Texten, het eerst wierd voorgelchreeven , en by de, inftelling van dit Feest gebruikt, of welke van deze drie, in deze of geene Kerk wierd voorgeleezen,. -—Zy, die in vroegere Jaaren, ten tyde det Reformatie , deze drie Texten, in onze zogenaamde EuangelieBoekjes hebben geplaatst, wilden ons daar;door, deze Verandering der Ouden, onder het oog brengen, en het aan het Oordeel en goedvinden van den Prediker overlaaten, eenen van deze drie Texten ter verklaaring te verkiezen. De eene Text, word Jefaias XI. vs. i tot 5. gevonden, en fchynd van die gebruikt te zyn, die dit Féést veel eer ter Eere van Jefus, dan van Maria vierden. Den Tweeden leezen wy, Rom. Xfï. vs. 9 tot 18; — en de Derde, uit Hoogelied \f vs. 8 tot 17, ontleend, wierd waarlchynlyk verklaard, wanneer men het Bezoek van Maria 1>y Elizabeth afgelegd, voornamentlyk in hét oog had. Wat de overige mindere Apostel- en Heilige Dagen betrefd, mag men met goeden grond vastzeilen, dat de Epiftel Texten, die men op deze dagen voorleesd, zo oud zyn, als de InfteHirig d°r Apoftel-en Heilige Dagen, vermitsfzy^ vóór^et grootfte gedeelte, eerst na de Tyden yan Carel den Grooten, hunnen oorfprong namen. — Toen was. het zeer in gebruik, op zekere Di ren,.behalven zommige ge^eelrens, uit de Schriften der Euangelisten , ook gedeeltens uit die der Apostelen voor te leezen. En, waarom zoude men niet gelooven, dat deze hedendaagse Epis^k-n op de Apostelen Heilige Dagen, altoos de Epistelen op deze Dagen zyn geweest, wanneer men, bemerkt, dat zy, of de GefcbiedenifTe van dien Feestdag, op welken zy bepaald zyn, behelzen, zo als", by voorbeeld, het Epiftel op de Bekeering van Paulus ^  ft30 OESCH.EN OUDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING ■ Matthias, en andere meer, en dus biflyk 0p dezen Dag moesten voorgeleezen worden, of de Ge- : fchiedeniflê van dien Dag, in het Verhaal der Euangeliften befchreeven, ophelderen, of eene Stofte, met de Plechtigheid van dezen Dag vvereenkoojmen.de, bevatten. \ Dan» bierby zoude men noch kunnen aanmerken , het geen ik ook reeds by de Euangelien op deze Feestdagen heb aangemerkt, dat, toen deze Apostel- en Heilige Dagen begonnen gevierd te wor. den , men voor deze Dagen, geene Nieuwe Texten verkoos, maar eenige Oude, in onbruik geraakte. . door eenige Verandering, als uit hun Verband rukte, of door Uitbreiding voor deze Dagen fchikte, en,--geen wonder dus, dat verfcheide Texten, op sgga Feestdag zo fl-gt paften. Du zullen ee¬ nige Voorbeelden nader bevestigen. ^iu%xGp..d.eti Dag van. Simon- en Judas, word i Petr. I vs. 3 tot 9. voorgeleezen, en de Fran: .fchen waren gewoon, dienzélfden Ttxr, hoewel . <■ noch. verder, namentlyk 1 Petr. I. vs. 3 tot 20, ter Gedachteniflè der Biflchoppen te gebruiken. . Het Epistel op dén Thomas Dag, is uit Eph. I. vs. 3 tot 6 ontleend, en in het Gallicaanfche I Lees boek,, word op den Zondag na het Nieuw Jaar, of het Feest van Jefus Befnyding, Eph. ■ ■ h .vs..3 tot 13 voorgefchreeven. Op den Dag van Petrus en Paulus,."'hebben wy een Epiftel, uit Handl. XII. vs. 1 tot u, en dit.Epiftel, benevens noch eenige Verzen, te weeten,, Handl. XII. vs. 1 tot 17, was weleer in Frankryk, de Epiftel Text, op S'^Pietersjloel, waarvoor het ook beter gefchikt is, dewyl daarin niet van\ Paulus, maar alleen van Petrus word gefproksn. Dus is het ook gefield, met het Epistel, op % 1 'den  : OVE& DE ZON.- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. flg* den Dag van Bhilippus en 'Jacobus, en andere meeiv - sS&afeïSoev ns^aom &» Voor het overige kan men niet ontkennen, dat men niet altoos en overal, op deze Dagen, dezelfde Epistel Texten heefc gebruikt; maar, dat de eene Kerk van de andere hierin ook afweek, blyft buiten twist. — Doch, op dac niet eene, van de, op die Dagen gebruikte Leffen, geheel buiten gebruik mogt geraaken, en vergeeten worden, hebben onze oplettende Voorzaaten, deze afwyking aangefhpt, door meer dan eenen Text, op deze Dafen ons voor te fchryven, en het voorts den Kerkeleeraar overtelaaten , om eenen van dezelve te verkiezen en te gebruiken. De overige Texten, op de Apoftel- of voornaarafte Heilige Dagen, die ik geloove noch niet öp|jegeeven te hebben, zyn de volgende: Üp den Das; van Maria Magdalena-, Spreuk, XXXI. vs. i o tot 31, '< artwx Op den Dag van Andreas. Rom. X;- vSS#'!töt 18. Op den Dag van Matthias, Handl. I. vs, 15 tot 26. Op den Dag van Jacobus, Roé. VOL vs. 28 tot 39. 8 :27 * ; Op den Dag van Bartholomeus, &$2nri IV. vs. 7 tot 10. to e-vs^t Op den Dag van Mattheus, Egfcffitik vs. 7 tot 14. BW? gjftfê non qO 11:; iwfe-a«.«X Jb tfcrfh>f3 ... . aaütöa tboa zna^mó ^iïQ&jjp «9 • .. E I N D E--- ,,.,>. qo f'iy.'jT bfl«$3'SF, ^snjTra et 1 Z)*r<& Jfdeehrigê, wros^ nw aasÜs-.isGm ^ivAw&vnÊv win ni «top- d t9ffl thhVS& SOO J9lt 2l.2(jU P 4 BY-  |p GESCH. EN OüDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING egniwuoriobd 191 t'n9Vü§ nbrimsjr^x «iB ^il5r*5 bbriSS: ^ VOEGZEL I. n9 e n9lfev9§ioov qBrloïpnttegnol sbnérnagnéö* pa Owr ^» tujfchen het Christfeest kS!L) ea d™ Meuw jaars dag. Ïïet volgende had billyk dienen geplaatst te zyn, iri dè Tweede Afdeeling van hec Eerfte Deel dezer Verhandeling, om hec Vierde Hoofdfluk van dezelve uit te maaken; dan deze Zondag door ons geheel pver het Hoofd gezien zynde, zullen wy her .verzuimde hier kortelyk zoeken na te haaien. Ttitfchéb den Feestdag van Jefus Geboorte, en het Feest Zyner Befnydenijfe, valt zomtyds noch een Zondag in, die in de Latynfche Kerk, de Zondag binnen het Octaaf van Cbristt.yd, (Dominica ïhf fa octavam Nalivitatisj en by de Grieken als. ook' by ons Lutherfchen, de Zondag na Jefui Gèboorte Feest, word genoemd. Deze Zondag vinck alleen plaats', wanneer 'het Feest van Jefus Gehoorté, niet op eenen Zondag invalt, want in dit laatite geval, is de Nieuwjaarsdag, of het Feest van J& fus Befnydjnge, ook op eenen Zondag. b onze en-de R.wmftbe Kerken word op dezen Dag, hef Euangelium uit Lucas 11. vs. 33 tot 40. van Simeon m Hanna, en in de Griekfche Kerk, uit Mattheus W. vs. 13 fqq. van het vluchten van Jofepb-en Maria, met het Kind Jefus "na Egypten, ■Faprgele^'L .. .. i ■ Pe  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ.' l£f De Godvruchtige Oudheid, fchynd op dezen'en de volgende Zondagen na den Nieuwjaarsdag , Öp en na Epiphania, zodanige Euangelien voorgefchreeven te hebben, ter voorleeztng en verklaaring in de Kerk, die gelegentheid gaven, ter belchouwinge der voornaamfte GebeurteniHen, in de eerfte?Jeugd van den Nieuwgebooren Jelus, in Zyne Kindsheid en toeneemende Jongelingfchap voorgevallen, en hoe, na zyne geringe Geboorte, meer en '^meé* wierd kenbaar en openbaar gemaakt, wie hy ware; te weeten door zyne Voorftelling in den Tempel, op den Dag van de Reiniging zyner Moedefe ^p door het gehouden gedrag van Simeon en Hanm omtrend het Kind Jefus; vervolgens moet gehan-, deld worden, van de bekendmaaking van Jefus. Ger boorte, aan Her odes door de Ooflerlingen gefchied, én de Godlyke Eer, die deze laatfte, aan dit Kind xzBethlebcm beweezen; daarna laaten zy ,'de^Voojrl zienigheid Gods, wonderbaar over het Kind Jelui waakende, de Gemeente uit Mattheus \\. op den Zondag na Nieuwjaar voorftellen, verfraaiende hei vluchten van Jefus, met jfofeph' en Maria, og Godlyk bevel na Egypten, om de heffclie-,Woede" van Herodes te ontwyken, die dezeft HheTuwgef;op-u ren Koning, aan zyne Staatszucht zogt np te offeren; terwyl zy op den Zondag na Eplpianiq, 'éen" dankbeeld en Voorbeeld poogen te geeven van Jeïüs opvoeding in Zyne Jtugd, en t'efTens van Zype Jongelingfchap, door het verhaalen erv rtphei» (ieren van het geen in zynen twaalfjaarigên Öudet-" dom gebeurde. En dewyl de eerfte Zondag'y- ramentlyk na het Christfeest, meestal, (als bet' Christ Feest niet op Zondag word gevierd) de laat' ftë Zondag altoos, namentlyk op den eerften Zondag na Epiphania, en de middelfte Zondag, nacicntlyk de Zondag tuffchen Nieuwjaar en Epip 5 pba>  | ?34 ötBSCHi.BN OV0«»«ÜNJ>IGE:VSPvjJAHBJEI-ïNG phania% zelden invalt, (ziet. het Berftt' Deel, Tweede Afdeeling, Hoofdfl. 5. pag. 1x0.) hebben zy dezen Zondag,, voor den gelchiktften gehouden, om de merkwaardige Gebeurtenis, die het Euangelium op dezen Dag verhaald, aan de Gemeente breedvoeriger voor te ftelien. De Tyd tuffchen het Christ Feest, en den Feestdag Epiphania, word van de Grieken AwSsk* XnlAtgw genoemd , om dat 'er twaalf dagen, tusfchen deze twee Feesten geteld worden en verloopen. — In dezen Tuffchen tyd, is het by de Grieken, eenen ieder geoorloofd, Vleesch. te eeten, zelfs op den Vierden en Zesden Dag der Weeke , om de Kettery der Armeniërs tegen te gaan, die deze Dagen met Vasten doorbragten, en zich van dezelve te onderlcheiden. BYVOEGZEL II. Plechtige Janfpraak . weleer 4oor den Pa? triarth aan de Doopelingen gedaan, op den Vrydag voor Paasfchen. ;\jy Heden zult heden, aangaande Uwe Trouw, "*an Christus een Handfchrift geeven; het Papier, . . Inkt en Penne zal Uw Geweeten, en de Tong zal Uw Gewaad zyn. Ziet dan toe, op welk eene wyze, gy deze BelydeniiTe zult ondertekenen. Dwaald . niet, op dat gy niet miflehien bedrogen word. Die on het.fterven liggen, maaken een Teftament, en "Jjr laa-  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. Q$$ ïaaten eenen anderen Erfgenaam, het bezit hunner Goederen na. En Gy lieden zult ook, morgen nacht, der Zonde affterven; maar op dit oogenb!ik is uwe aft weering, een Teftament, en gy benoemd den Duivel tot Erfgenaam der Zonde, eu kat hem, als een Vaderlyk Erfdeel, de Zonden fia.' Wanneer dan iemand noch iets, dat des Duivels is, in zyn Gemoed behoudt: dar hy, die fterven zsl, het daarom affweere, want hy is niet langer Heer van deze Goederen. Dat derhalven niemand uwer, iets, dat des Duivels is-, in zyne Zie! benoude. Werpt den Duivel in het aangezicht, alle vuiligheden en overbiyfzels der Boosheid, en word met Christus verè'euigd. Niemand -verachte dit. - Staat met, beeven Alle dingen die tegenswoordig gefchieden, moesten ons doen vreezet en beeven. Alle Krachten der Hemelen zyn hier aanwezig: alle Engelen, en. Aarts-Engelen, fchryyen onzichtbaar alle Uwe Woorden op*. De Cherubynen en Seraphynen, daalen uit den Hemel neder, om uwe Verbintenifiên te ontfangenen dezelve den Heere voor te ftelien. Ziet derhalven toe, hoe gy den Duivel wederftaac, en den Werkmeefter van alles aanhangt. .Daarna zegd de Patriarch tot hen:-Het geen ik zegge, zegd gy lieden zulks ook: Ik zweer e den Satan af, en alle zyne-Werken', en zynen geheelen dienst, en allen zynen Engelen, en alle zyne Pracht of Heerlykheid. Dit alles" zegd hy driemaalen, en alle antwoorden hem. ~:%JF* Vervolgens- vraagd hy hen : Hebt gy lieden den Satan afgefwooren? en zy antwoorden hem: wy hebben hem afgefwooren.. Straks daarna zegd hy tot-hen: faat trillende en beevende: het-geen ik zegge, zegd-gy lieden dat ook: En ik worde, met Christus veree- nigd%  S.\<1 GË5CH. EN OUJÖH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING der .onderleheid, in de eerfte Eeuwen der Chris* tinheid gebruikt, om daarmede alle Kerkelyken te benoemen, tot dat het, door een bevelichurt van Paus Gregorius den VU, tot den üiifchop van Rome alleen bepaald wierd. Dan, hoewel de Leden van de Roomsch Catholyke Kerk, du bevel gehoorzaamden, wierd het nochtans niet opgevolgd door die van de Griekfche Kerkgemeenfchap. en de Priesters van die Bdydenidè, draagen noch den naam van Papas. De Monnikken mogen niet trouwen; maar de Wykpriesters moeten eene Vrouw hebben voor dat zy geordend worden. Sterven hunne Vrouwen,dan mogen zy in een Klooster gaan, en bekleeders van Kerkelyke Waardigheden worden. In een tweede Huwlyk kunnen zy niet treeden, zonder uit den Kerkelyken Staat te vervallen, noch ook Wykpriesters biyven, buiten een uitdrukkelyk verlof van den Biflchop. De Kinderen van de Waereldlyken en Kerkelyken, zyn alle vry; zy brengen doorgaans hunne Zoons tot den Kerkdienst op. Alle de Kerkelyken draagen lange baarden, en ondeifcheiden zich van de Leeken, door het haïr lang, zonder opgebonden of gekruld te zyn, over de Schouders te laaten hangen. Hunne kleeding beftaat in eene vierkante Mus, en een langen zwar-. ten of donkeren Mantel. De Waereldlyke en Geestelyke Priesters, gebruiken by zommige gelegentheden,, eene verfchi'lende Kleeding, en die hoog aanzienelyke Waardigheden in de Kerk hebben , doen zich van anderen onderkennen, aan een meet in het oogloopend optooi* enzd BY-  ■%44 GESCH. EN OüBH. KUNDIGE VEilHANDtLiKG Ik ben met U ten vollen van een en hetzeitdè Gvvoelen, dat de menigvuldige Feestdagen, op menigerly Wyze, voorrumenrlyk den Huislykeil Staat, en voor de mindere Volks GlafTe, in een Land nadeelig zyn, en daarom is myn Wil, dat bet voortaan zil Diyven by de affchaffing van vei* fcheide Feestd^um, onder de voorgaande Regeering vasrgeiteld, de Hemelvaarts dag alleen uitgezonderd, die uit hoofde van deilelfs gewigt, zo als weleer, op eenen byzonderen dag moet gevierd worden, waarom gy, in deze, tot Uw Departement behoorendeZaak, de noodige Schikkingen hebt te maaken, enz. Berlyn, den 4 Maart BYVOEGZEL VII. rfsv tilovi'jv BESLUIT -«Vi\^a«^i«o;AoOJyBoljiuyH.isd «.aasiov jn-Jby* van het Corpus Euangelicorumtd. d. 16 ^Vug, <tP{\§jjï. betreffende het vieren van hec 4ia i Paaschfeest, in het Jaar 1778. Diiïat.Rege?isburg, den 19 Aug. 1775 per KeurS asten. ~XT \ an den Kant of uit naam van een Hoogloflyk Corpus Euangelicorum, is, in het bekend Almanachs verichi!, betreffende het vieren van het Paaschfeest , uit hoofde van reeds meermaalen, ten dezen opzichte herhaalde befluiten, doch inzonderheid per tonclufum van den 30 Jan. 1723, onder uitdrukke- Jyka  OVER DE ZON - EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. 24$ fyke medeftemming en goedkeuring der meeste Buiïenlandtche Hooge Euangeliiche Mogendheden, in Jpeoie ad punctum IVtum dicli Conclufi, wegens het, nu haast invallend i77ö{ïi Jaar, en der, daarby insgelyks plaats vindende verfchiileudheid, van het voornoemde vieren, van het Paaschfeest, reeds eige voorziening, hoewel onder deze mits gedaan, wanneer namentlyk, in het vervolg, niet miffchien nauwkeurigere,, dan de tot hiertoe gebruikte Jabulae Rudolpbinae, zoude kunnen worden uitgevonden. Vermits men nu eerst onlangs, van de Koninglyke Pruiflifche Maatfchappy te Berlyn, de zekere tyding heeft bekoomen, hoe, by de, door haar onlangs wederom ondernome juifte Sterrekundige Berekeningen , gebleeken is, dat de eerfte Paaschdag, van het voornoemd 1778^ Jaar, naar die Sterrekundige Berekening, op den i2dcn April, en bygevolg te gelyk, op dien Paaschdag, dien de Jooden moeten vieren, invalie; Zo is het, dat thans, by zodanige gefteldheid van zaaken, en om de, wel eer gemaakte dispofirje van het Concilium Ni' catnum, zorgvuldig hierin ook in het vervolg van tyd te volgen, het Hoog'ofiyk Corpus Euangelicorwn, by het reeds meermaalen aangehaald Voorfchrifr, van het Befluit van den 30 Jan. 1,72", blyft, en hiermede vastfteld, dat de, in dierg! lyke Gevallen, gemaakte Schikkingen, namentlyk het uitfluiten van het Paaschfeest, tot op acht dagen laater, ook in het genoemde Jaar 177S, door de Euangelifche Gemeentens, algemeen en overal, diend aangenomen, en bygevnlg, cfe Eerfte dag van het Paaschfeest, op den 19 April, bepaald te Worden; vervolgens behoudt men aan'zich, noch geduurende den Loop van het tegenswoordig Jaar, nadere Schikkingen te maaken, ten aanzien, der nnch plaat? vindende, aanmerkelyk^ Aimanachs Verfchillen. Q 3 BY'.  '#4£ qesch. en 0üdk. kundige ver handeling byvoegzel viii. zpsds. Idaond^dini ajtnh jV'. htü \ ' ...V. ir^hbv rfvu' BESLUIT. in Conferentia Euangelicorum den 30 Jan0 1723, betreffende hec vieren van het Paaschfeest, in hec Jaar 1724. r a J_jLIzo by de Almanachs Verbetering, onderno rncn op het einde der laatst voorieede Eeuw, uit jkracht van een BeOuit, door het Corpus Euangehcorum, den 23 Septbr. (3 Getob.) 1699, eenparig genomen, is goedgevonden, dat in 't vervolg v:n tyd, de Berekening van bet Paaschfeest, nocK niar den, in den Juliaanfchen Almanach aangenomen Dianyjiaanfcben, veel minder naar den Oregoriaanfchen Cyclus, maar naar den Calculus Aftronomicus, (zo als ten tyde der Kerkvergadering te Nicaea) zal gefchieden, en vervolgens, uit kracht van een ander den 10 Jan. (20 Jan.) genomen Befluit, den Mathematici Euangeliei is te verft,,;n gegeeven, uit hoofde van het, onder de Sterrekuu' digen noch -plaats vindend verichil, W0&éahuhx de zekerfte en juifte zyn, namentlyk de, tot hiertoe byna doorgaans gebruikte Rudolphifche Tabulae Kepleri, ter berekening der D-tgtafelen , en Voornamentlyk ter berekening van de \ olie Maar, yan Paaftchen te behouden, en naar derzelver Praestepta ud Meridianum Uranoburgieurh, den tyd van de Lente Dag en Nacht evening, en dan de Waare Voile Maan van Paaftchen, in Dag, Uur .en Minuut, uitrecyfieren, en alzo bleek, dat van hec feegin deser Eaws tot op het thans loopend Jaar  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. S4£ 1703 ingefloten, ten aanzien der lepaalmg van bet Paaschfeest, zo wel naar de juifte Sterrekundige, als naar de Gregoriaanfche Cychlche Berekening, geen verichil was. Dan, vermits iniegendeel, thans door de Koninglyk- Pruisffche Maat/chappy der Wcetcnfthappen te Berlyn, als ook door verlcheide andere deskundige Euangelilche Mathematici, eenpaarig en geloofwaardig is getoond, dat in het aanftiande J:iar 1724» de Lente Dag en NachtEvening, naar de judte Sterrekundige Berekening, op den 20,k'n Maart, en de onmiddelyk daarup volgende Volle Maan, op den 8ften April invalt, het welk de waare Volle Maan van ^aalH-hen, in het Jaar 1724 zoude zyn, moest dus dt p,e April, omdat de voorgaande 8"e Apnl een Zaturdag ia, voor den waaren Paaschdag woiden gehouden; doch de G-egoriaanlche Compuius Cyclicus. zette het Plemlunium Pa/chale, naar eene verkeerde berekening, op den 9dcn April, en dit een. Zondag zynde, het Paaschfeest op den i6clcn April, üus 8 dagen laater; weik verichil ook geduwende deze lnopende Eeuw, in de Jaaren 1744. Zo is het, dat, na alle daarby voorgekoome omftandigheden rypelyk overwogen te hebben, door het Corpus Euangelicorum eenpaarig is voor goed gevonden en beüoten: 2. dat men voortaan by de voornoemde Befluiten van het Corpus Euangelicorum, volfttekt zal bly=. ven; en bygevolg Q 4 %  |£8 (JESCH. EN 0UDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELIRÓ BYVOEGZEL XIV. KeurSaxifche Afkondiging in verf hdde Euangelifche Kerken gefchied, ten aanzien van den, door het Corpus Euangi(icörum, tot het vieren van het Paaschfeest , in het Jaar 1744 beftemden tyd. "\^ermits in het aanftaande Jaar 1744. tuffchen den Verbeterden en den Gregoriaanlchen Alrnanach, betreffende het vieren van het Paaschfeest , wederom een diergelyk Verfchil, als in het Jaar 1724 word gevonden, en men uit dien hoofde in eene Conferentie,', door het Corpus Euangelicorum, den 15 Maj van dit Jaar, te Frankfort aan den Mayn gehouden, heeft goedgevonden, het, by de ten dezen opzichte reeds te vooren genome Befluiten, en vooral 'by het Befluit van den 30 Jan. 1723 te laaten berusten, en dus in het aanftaande Jaar 1744, in den Verbeterden Alrnanach, den Paaschdag op den 29 Maart te bepaalen, en hiernaar alle overige, daarvan afhangende Feesten te fchikken; zo word hiermede dit tot ieders naricht bekend gemaakt, dat ook Zyrie Kon. Maj. van Poc-len, en Keurvorftelyke Doorluchtigheid van Saxen, onze AllergenadigfteHeer, ten aanzien van deflelfs Eüangelisch Keurvorftendom en Land, overeenkomftig het meergenoemd Befluit, niet flegts in tyds de noodwendige Schikkingen heeft laaten maaken, maar ook bevolen zulks van de Predikftoelen aftekondigen. Dif  $$* GES.CH. EN OÜJHiE. KUNDIGE VERKANDEUNS .9 Pebc. tot den 29 November, in de Zond^geu en Beweeglyke Feesten, ook de Quatertempers 9 ;;cht oaigéfi verfchillen; bygevolg wy met de aangre'nfïénde Koniwgryken Poolen, Pruiffchcn, Bobeemen, Hongaryen, Markgraaffchap Moravien en Oosfrxryk-r het :Paa>ohFeest, op den SdftI» April vieren, ter&'yj het zelve in tegendeel in Brandenburg% Saxen, .en in het Rjk, den 2.9 AJaau w*>rd,gevierd. >• 4-.v l{ '4 ■>. - C. V.' v , x, cl BYVOEGZEL XVIII. Éene diergelyke Afkondiging in het Erfwtjche. ■ Copy. van het Raadsbevel: V " V ermits in dit, door de Godlyke Genade on-. langs' begonnen jaar 1744, op dezelfde wyze, a!s. reeJs in het jaar 1724 van deze Eeuw gebeurdea zu:k een Tyd invalt, waarin, tuffchen den Gregoyiaanfchen en verbeterden Alrnanach , betrekkeiyk het vieren van het Paasch Feest, eenig verfchil plaais vindt, en de HoogEiele en Hoog Wyze Raad,, met het HoogEerwaardig Eüangelisch Miniflerium, de, in eene Stad, waarin mixta religh is, by eene byzondere viering van dit Feest % voorvallende omftandigheden, vvelopiettend heeft overwogen, en. met een goed, de betere onderhouding van het Welzyn §n de Rust van het Gemeenebeft bedoe- I nd oogmerk, met Toeffemming van het Hoog-' Eerwaardig Minifterium, bewogen is, het Befluit \t neemcn, iq dk Jaar, naar Christelyke Vryheid, ' " J " ' en  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. 2% en zonder onze openbaare oeffening van Godsdienst, maar in het minfte daardoor te' benadeelen, het Paasch Feest op den 5rte11 en de twee volgende dagen der Maand April, in de Euangelitche Kerken der Stad, en van het daartoe behoorend Land, zo als ook op dien tyd, in bmtenlandfche Euangelifche Koningryken en Landen, dit Feest zal gevierd worden, te vieren, en de andere, van dit Feest afhangende Feestdagen te bepaalen, ook om eene goede Orde te houden, by de Zondagen post Feftum Epiphanias, noch eenen te voegen ; zo word aan de Christelyke Gemeente zulks hiermede bekend gemaakt, en dezelve tevens welmeenend vermaand , zich op dit Heilig Feest, geesrelyk voor te bereiden, de onuitfpreekelyk groote Weldaad, die de Heer Jefus Christus, door Zyn bitter Lyden en Sterven, daarop gevolgde blyde Opftanding uit den Dood, en hierdoor volbragte Verkilling van het afgevallen Menfchelyk Geüagt, ons heefc beweezen, aandachtig te overweegen, en dit Feest, op den bepaalden Tyd, op deze Godebehaagjyke wyze, in goede Rust en Vrede te vieren. ! turn in Senatu, Erfurt den 7 Jan. 1744. Ad Mandatum Ant. Ernan. Hogel. •-•.isaAtrVi - ik!'* ^\^^%l^'yhA*-^>m Toen deze Verandering wierd befloten, waren wel de Almanachen, in de Euangelifche Boekdrukkeryen te Erfurt, reeds naar de Schikking van alle Euangelifche Sten den gedrukt, doch zy wierden herdrukt, en dus de Paaschdag op den 5den April, het Feest van Jefus Hemelvaart op den \t^'n, de Pinxter dag, op den 249en, het Feest Trinitatis^ op den 3ifte" Maj, de Eerfte Zondag naTrinitatis, R 4 op  'ff4 «?ESCH. EN OUDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDEN ft pp dai 7<ten JUDy enz. geftdi; doch ten aanzie* yan dien laatUen dag, wierd Ier wederom eene ver» anderuig gemaakt, en op'den ^1%" het Fees, Jrimtaiisyétt Voormiddags, en de Le//ie Zondag na Trinitatis dés Namiddags, te gelyk.gevierd, 20 dat men ten aanzien der volgende Zondagen, met de andere, die her PaaschFeest 8 dagen vroeger, op dea aft<i« Maart vierden, ove*eenkwara, sTnbón jbnto biwatbiefiW sssrvl ••'.wwr.wiw -\ V O EG Z E L XIX. ■ ■•■ . •. .. Over de Atchinmtdriten^ #|^:: ■•' •'• ' '. f • : !" '" - "' ■ ' de 15^' Bladzyde van het Eerfit Beeï% handen, wy gelegendbeid van Archimandhten gewag te maaken, en ten aanzien van deze, vinden wy het volgende aangetekend: ^ Dit woord is by de Grieken m bet Gebruik, om het Hoofd van een Klooster aan te duiden, en is by hen een Naarü van Waardigheid, gelyk in Frankryk-de Betwaming van Abt. 'Maddra betékend een Klooster ,en Mandritefeeh'Mpnniky dus Arcbimandritc, is de Opftrjh of Prior der Munnikken. ' Richard Simon, meend ,• in zyne aanmerkingen op dé Reize van den >furtt Dandini, na den Berg Libanon, dat -het woord Arcbimandrite, oorfpronglyk Syrjscb zy, zo wel als de BenSamins Abt. Hy zegd, dat Mantra, het welk in het Griekscb een óW betekend, eene Plaats die Beesten bevat, genomen zy, van bet . Werkwoord £ö«r, waarvan de Cbaldeën.?^ • bruik  OVER DE ZON- ENFEESTDAGEN^%M£. l|§ pruik maaken, om het Verhlyf uit te drukken,.dar. de Reizigers in flegte'Herbergen, en meestal in Stallen houden. Hy voegd 'er by , dat %^ 'Syriër* zulk eene Wooning en een Kldo'steif"uit le'dfqKr ken; dus dat Mandrite niets anders ïs,, "dan een Kluizenaar, die zich jn zyne Celje' Qbnoud , era Arcbimandritc is hy, "dïe hét Hoofd is van' dez| Eenzaame. Deze Waardigheid vindt nochtë //7ö plaats, omdat zy afhangelyk is geweest van de Grieklche Keizers. Arckimandrifè W&s*lfcrÉ> ffóöfd of de Abt van een Geestelyk Klooster van den H. Bafilius, enz. en naar het berjcht yan Qleacius, worden ook de Abten van Moscoxdën^ Arcbimandrittn genoemd. BYVOE GZEL yJ^^botrt. atv, et)i't3b'o£v n'-ixase B£J os , naictm 9J §W Over de hitüh^^-^ J3^ W H[ ,n^3 nap y/i êi ns , nebinb é\ nes i9iêoo!^ nss et woord Liturgie is in 'deze 1 VeVHaaielirïï nu en dan gebezigd, en, behalven andere,'tektnd Morery op het zelve aan : dit. Woord betekend 5 het Grtekscb, ieder zoort van Dienst in het meen maar word meestal in. de G««W Kerk, voor den Dienst van het Avondmaal genomen, en voor het geen men in de Latynfche^ , noemd. J ^T*»1*»*- Noch leesd men, en dit zoude kunnen-dienen * om daarmede, bet geen in het 5^, 6<»« en 7^ poofdftuk der Eerfte Afdee-ling van het Eerfte DeW ft 5 i$  tJVRRT 2<ÏW- 'Ë'PT' PEES Trï/TOl?N; SMS» <V»flf geheiligd wordeni^aar dat hy'zelf heeft bevolen, dat de Mensch zes dagen zal arbeiden, en alle zy* ne Zaaken bezprgen, en de zevende dag, de Sat>bath des Heere is. In de Christelyke- Gemeentens, syn ook wel van tyd tot tyd, meer dagen, öït den algemeenen Godsdienst voorgefchreeven ^ darf de treurige ondervinding heeft geleefd, dat her grooc getal van Feestdagen , de oorzaak was, zo wel vartf de Verachting en het Misbruik, van de Lubberd ent het zondig leeven, nier alleen-op d$ze*;-Vierdagen, maar ook op den, van God voorgefchreeven i>abbathdag, in plaats dat We^Go^i^H zoude, vc-r • heerlykcn. uit dien hoofde, en naar'de, op dèr» hatiten Ryksdag, door de Stenden. van. het Ryk, ons onderdaanig gegeève aanleiding, als öjgkjgaac het pryswaardig Voorbeeld van andere Christelyke Potentaten, en onderde.ze,. van dezulke,, 'du; .vaa onze BelydeniiTe zyn, hebben 'wy ovërdachFl Hoes een Godzalige Godsdienst,- benevens het.WMteyp. en de Orde in het gemeen Lepven,Jcan bevorderd-, als ook den naarftigen en nyveren Ajbejdei, een beter beflaan, veel eer d¥ardóör'bezdr^cf ivorden,, wanneer zekere Vierdagen, die maar op Myilehelyke Voorfchriften gegrond zyn, i;igetrokfte|fo£ veranderd, dan dat zy in 'de, tot hiertoe in gebruüc ryhde erfde, gevierd worden: en Uit dien hoofdei, hebben wy hiermede willen vt?rordineeren, dat op de drie gewoone jaarlykfche Feestdagen, name: tlyk het Christfeest,'Paasfchen en Pinxteren, denver* eeifre dagen als Vierdagen zullen gevierd worden, sis ook de Nieuwjaarsdag, de dag van Jefus -Verfchyning aan de: Oosterlingen, van Maria Vtrkoiidiging,'de* Goede'Vrydag, de dag vswffiWus Hemelvaart, en de Dag van Johannes. Na'dözó; kromen noefi de Lichtmis, de Dag vnn S^TV'lr^hsë!^ en Allerheiligen benevens-de drie Jaarlykfche eu S * al-  1/4 GESCH. EN OUDH. GUSTAVÜS. (L. S.) Job. v. . Heiand. BYVOEGZEL XXIII. Bevel van Haare Keizerlyke Majefteir, d© Keizcrinne van Rusland, uit het Ryks juftitie Collegte, der Lief- Efih-cn Finnlandfche Zaaken, aan de gezamentlyke Eüangelisch- Lutherfche Heeren Geeftelyken te $* Petersburg. "''Vermits dit KeizeTlyk Ryks-Juftitie Collegie,' het, door den Heer Van Engelhard, Generaal Major Sa te  «Sffj GfèSCH. BN 0UDU. KUNDIG*. VEKhUNDüLING cn Gouverneur te Wiburg, na voorafgegaane deliberatie met het Eerwaard^ Confiftorie aldaar, hierheen gedaan Vuo;ltel van den 2^1 July, ten deele betreffende het buiten gebruik brengen van veele Feesten Aposteldagen, ten deele betreffende het verplaatzen van dezelve op de volgende Zondagen, zo ais het thans in Zweeden, naar de Verordening van den 4 IMov. 17/2 word gehouden, nuttig en gegrond is bevonden , dewyl daardoor niet ilegts eene gelykvormigheid in het vieren der, tot den openbaaren Godsdienst beffemde dagen, met de Euangelifche Lutherfche Geloofsgenooten in Zweeden, word bewerkt, maar ook, vooral in Finnland, en de, door de Ryksgre.ilfen verdeelde Kerlpellen aldaar, die met hunne Mede ingelyfde^ van den Zweedlchen kant, van eene en dezelfde Kerk en Leeraar gebruik maaken, hierdoor veele, anders daaruit voortspruitende vergiffuigen en verwarringen, worden voorgekoomen, gelyk dan ook overal in de Pioteftantiche, ja zelfs in Zommige Gatholyke Landen, de, in vroegere tyden in gebruik gekoome, menigvul dige Feest- en Apostel-dagen, dewyl zy, tegen hec eerfte oogmerk van derzei ver Ihflfelhrtg, namentlyk, de ftichting der Gemeentens te bevorderen, veeieer eenen Landverdervenden Lediggang hebben voortjgebragt, en den naarftigen Arbeider, een hinderpaal in den weg'legden, vernietigden verminderd wierden : zo heeft dit Keizerlyk Collegie, overeenfcomftig dit, hiermede willen vastzeilen en befchikken, dat eene diergelyke Orde, ten aanzien der Feesten Aposteldagen, als thans'in Zweeden, ook in de Eüangelisch- Lutherfche Gemeentens van her Ryk, zoude ingevoerd, en met het begin van het aanftaand Jaar 177$, in algemeen gebruik gebrast worden, zo dat, als. tegenswoordig in Zweeden,. ' naar  OVER DE ZON" EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. 2?>T naar voornoemde Verordening van den 4 Nov. 177a ook alhier, maar de twee Eerite dagen, van het Christ- Piasch- en Pinxterfeest gevierd, doch de Derde en Vierde Dag van deze Feesten, (*) als ook Maria Bezoek, de Groene Donderdag, de Apofteldagen, en de, na den Zondag Rogate, invallende, zogenaamde klyne Bededagen, geheel vernietigd , (**) en de Lichtmis, Dag van Michaël , en Allerheiligen, op den volgenden Zondag, of, wanneer Lichtmis in de Week voor den Zondag van Vaftennacht mogt invallen, als dan op den volgenden Zondag, ook de vier algemeene Boeten Bededagen, (***) van den Vrydag op-Zaturdag verplaatst, en naar gewoonte gevierd zullen worden; het welk de Leeraars hunnen Toehoorderen, reikens, den Zondag te vooren, van den Predikftoel moeten bekend maaken. C**) Onder deze, gehe-d buiten gebruik gebragre Feesten, is naderhand, op v"oorftel van den Heer Herald, Leeraar aan de Perrj Kerk, her vieren van den Groenen'Donderdag, wederom vergund. (***) Onder deze Godsdienftige Dagen, zyn<ie klyne, en de Vier algemeene Bededagen te St. Petershurg nooit, en de Apup eldagen. en Dag vsn Meroetjjgen, maar'alleen in de Zweedfcbe en Fimifch? Kerk. gevierd.  REGISTER. 'oovng : «gfibbirinooV \wh << §£p<ioS der voornaamfte ZAAKEN en AANHAALINGEN in dit TWEEDE DEEL voorkoomende. rgT/j ("35 Hfj\9bbnfBfib; nam les oaisBisst ,/Yalmoezen op het Paaschfeest uitgedeeld. 51. Aanfpraak door den Patriarch aan de Doopelingen voor Paa«fchen, 534 fqq. AequinoEliutn, 39, 44. 4f*icaanfcbe Kerken, wat in dezelve ten tyde van Auguftinus op het Paaschfeest wierd voorgeleezen, 50. Aibinus (Stadhouder) 159. Alexandtr Hl. 77. Aitxandrien (te) eene Kerk rerEere van Michafl. Ailergoden Feest, een Heidehsch Feest. too. Allermarteharen Feest, aoo, Allerp'echtigst Feest. f50. Amèroffus. 123. 2 :9. 067. Amfieldamscb Fonds, Bericht, en Corïfiftoriale Befluiten aangaande hetzelve 268. Amfteldam (te) her Paaschfeest, derdehalf dag geviard. 56, Anat.us, (Hoogepriefter) 159. Anicetus. 34 Atitiocbus. 008. Antip'ifcba fit. Apoftel dagen. 115. fqq, Apoftels, worden door <fé Lutheraanen niet Godsdien- ftig verëerd. 116. Apoflolifche Canons. 93. Arcadim. 191. Arcbimandrittn. afy. Armenifche Christenen. 54. 15a, Afiatifche Christenen, vierden het Paaschfeest reeds vroeg. %o, Afiatifche Kerken, door Fitter buiten zyne gemeenfehap ge-  •REGISTER. ÏGroerie Takken op Pinxf?ren in de Kerk geplaatst. S8\ d-.r door den Koniiig van Pruisfehen verboden,' ibid. Groningen (te) PasslcHen maar amfrrtwlve dag gevierd. 55. voor dezen de Kerlr.lnweyïug jaarlyks gevierd. 205. Gulden Getal. 41. Gulde Zondag, is ook de Zest'ende Zondag, na dien der Heilige Drieëenheid. 106, H. >s Haagt (re) Paaffchen derdehalve dag gevierd. 56. Haimo, IHli'chop te Halberftadt. UU Halier {Georgj heeft de Miffe der Engelen ingefteld. ï.95. Hallelujah, in de Latynfche Kerk, met Paaffchen weder gezongen, 55. Handelingen van Pilatus, 33, Hannover (Confiltonum vsn) Jtiaakte den 10 Nov. I7f>0 eenige verandering' ten aanzien c1 "r Epistelen.' s< 3. Hauftus Johannh by 'zommige. Duufchea en Zwitzers in gebruik. ,38 Hebdomas ExTpctiatknis. 8o» Heilige Dap;<:n. n6. Heilige S>yj$ode in Rusland. 24 ï- 'Helenu (Keizerinne) liet den' Tempel der Hemelvaart bouwen. 76. Iïpmelvaarts dag word thans weder op eenen byzonderen dag in de Pruisüïche Lauden gevierd. 243 Heraclius brengt hec Heilig Kruis te Conftantinopel. 181. en vervolgens na Jerufalem. i8t. Herders Feest. 65. Herwas (aan> een Engel verfcheenen. 33. Heftia. 189. Hieronymus. 77- "(6. 134- «35* 136- 137» *55« *7^» 209. 22% Hippolytus, Biffchóp te Pottüa. 49. HomiHarium van Akuinm^ 119. 120. I£3. 149* lö». Hoogtyd van Sinxeii. 82. Ho/pinianus. 124. 141. I4<5- 149- ffeftia, daarvan de benaaming van het Paaschfeest afge-  ï63 GESCH. EN GUDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING By de Grieken word deze Zondag, de Vyf de ÏZondag van de Vasten, en de geheele volgende 'Weck, naar den volgenden Zondag, de Palmweek genoemd. In deze Week waren de Griekfcbe Keizers en Patriarchen gewoon , aap de Bedienden van het Hof, aan de Soldaaten, en'aan het Gemeéne Volk, allerly Gefehenken, zo wel Aniten, ais Geld, enz. uit te deelen, welke Gefcht ?nken B<z>x {Palmtakken) naar deze Week wierden genoemd. Hy droeg ook den naam van Zondag van 'den grooten Canon, (Regel) en te Cbnfiahiinopel wierd hy *n*nv&or (ongezeten) genoemd, om dat men geduurende de geheele voorgaande Nacht, zich niec had nedergezet, maar onbezeten was gebïeeven. De Zaturdag van deze Week hiette de Sabbath var. den Heiligen, (opgewekten) Lazarus. DERTIENDE HOOFDSTUK» Over den Palm - Zondntr, ^^fu volgd de Zesde Zondag in de Quadragefima, die, hoewel hy voornamentlyk PalmZondag word genoemd, nochtans by de Grieken en Latynen, ook verfcheide andere Benaamingen draagd; en op dezen dag, zyn by dte Christenen byzondere Plechtigheden in gebruik geweest. En van het een , en van het ander zullen wy kcrtelyk doch niet afzonderlyk fpreeken. ' Y?r^heicJe Naamen, 'wierden aan dezen Zondag Z9  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. l6t) zo wel in de Latynfche als Griekfcbe Kerken ge? geeven. De eerfte en algemeene naam is PalmZondag{ (Dominica Palmarum) of Zondag der Palmen ; voorts word hy genoemd : het Feest van her. Euangelium der Takken; (Olyf) De Zondag van de Olyftakken; de Bloemen Zondag; (Pafcha Floridum) Dominica ingrcjfus Dominï ad pasftonem; (De Zondag op welken de Heer tot zyn Lyden inging) de Hofannq Zondag; en andere meer. AHe deze Benaamingen zyn ontleend van de omHandigheden, die jefus Fitrede in Jerufalem kort voor Zyn Lyden en Sterven verzelden, en door de Vier Euangelisten naauwkeurig zyn opgetekend, rjamentlvk, by Mattheus, Hoofdfl. XXL by Marcus, Hoofdfl. XL by Lucas, Hoofdlf. XIX. en by Johannes, Hoofdfl:. XII. En , dewyl op dezen dag, die Gefchiedenis naar het verhaal van Mattheus, Hoofdfl. XXI. vs. i tot 9. als het gewoon Euangelium, zo wel in onze als in de Roornfche Kerken, word voorgeleezen en verhandeld, heeft ook onze Euangelifche Kerk, de Benaaming van PalmZondag behouden , welken naam deze dag ook in de Roornfche Kerk, hoewel om eene geheel andere reden draagd. In de Latynfche of Roornfche Kerk, gefchiedde eertyds, gelyk ook noch, de IFeying of Inzegening van Palmtakken, die met geweyd Water befprengd, en driemaal bewierookt worden. Als deze IVeying geëindigd is, treed de voornaam/Ie van de Geestelykheid by het Outaar, en geeft eenen geweyden Tak aan den diensrdoenden Priester, die niet nederknield, noch de hand kust van hem, die hem dezen Tak overreikt. Vervolgens field de Priester zich voor het Outaar, met het aangezicht na het Volk gekeerd, en deeld de Palmtakken uit, eerst £an dien voornaamflen Geeftelyken, van welken hy L 5 e«-  I <?Q GESCH. EN OUDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING eenen had ontfangen, daarna aan den Diaken, den Onder Diacon, en de overige Geestelyken, aan ieder naar zynen rang, en zo verder aan de vergaderde Gemeente, waarvan elk, by het ontfangen van de Palmen, de hand van den Priester kust. Wanneer deze Uitdeeüng begind , zingt het Cboor zekere Antiphonen (Beurtzangen, Tegenzangen) „ DeKin„ deren der Hebreuwen gingen den Heer te ge„ moet, met Oly}hakken in de Pland, roepende en zeggende: Hofanna, Lof en Eere aan God „ in het Plooglte der Hemelen. De Kinderen der „ Hcbreuwett fpreiddert hunne Kleederen op den „ weg, en riepen: Hofanna Lof en Eere aan den ',, Zoon van Davi'd, gezegend zy Hy, die komt in „ den naam des Heeren. " Na deze Uitdeeüng, door den Priester verricht, en na een gehouden Ge-= bed, gaat ieder in Procesfie of Omgang door de Kerk, en ook wel op de Straat, met zynen Palmtak in de Hand, om Jefus Intrede in Jerufalem af te beelden , geduurende dezen Omgang word door de Zangers gezongen, en het Volk gaat met denzelven Tak na huis. —— Voor dezen had men ook de Gewoonte, na den geëindigden Omgang, de Takken op de Aarde te werpen, onder het roepen van: Hofanna den Zoone Davids. By de Aethiopifche Christenen word deze Zondag, de Hofanna Zondag genoemd, om dat de Jooden op dien dag riepen : Hofanna enz. ontleend uit Pfalm CXVIIf. vs. 25. het welk eigentlyk betekende: Heere! help! Zeer verkeerd was dus het woord Hofanna, in een zeker Gezang aangebragt, doch het welk nu reeds verbeterd is. De Ruffen hielden ten minlten noch in de voorgaande Eeuw eene zo plechtige als zeldzaame Procesfte op dezen PalmZnndag, ter gedachtenis van Jefus Intrede binnen Jerufalem. "De Patriarchzit  OVER DE ZON- EN FEESTDAGEN. ENZ. l?l zit op eene Ezelinne, die door den Grootvorst by den Toom word geleid , terwyl twee der voornaamfte Bedienden van het Ryk, den Forst onder de Armen pnderfteunen. Op deze wyze gaan zy na de Kerk, daar de Patriarch dienst doet, overal zyn de Straaten met Takken en Groente beftrooid, en eene menigte Volks is aanhoudend bezig men het roepen van Hofanna. Na deze Plechtigheid zendc de Patriarch, 400 Ryksdaalders , aan den GrootVorst, ter dankbaarheid voor de Eer, van hem genoten. In alle Steden en Parochiën van den geheelen Staat, wierd op dezen dag eene diergelyke Procefie gehouden. De Bisfchop, of voornaamfte Geeftelyke van die Plaats, verbeeldde den Patriarch, en de Gouverneur, Rechter, of aanzienelykfte Edelman, neemd den Dienst van den Grootvorst waar. By de Grieken word deze dag ook PalmZondag Bern» of ook &*io$opi 'Palmdraaging) genoemd , om dat zy, in navolging der jooden, At Palm - en Olyftakken, in de gedaante van Kruisfen, en in andere Gedaantens gemaakt, of zamengebonden, mede in den Tempel bragten, en in Plechtige Proces (ten omdraagen. Men no^md hem ook wel, gelyk ik reeds gezegd heb, Pafcha Floridum (bloeiende-, groenende- Bloemen Paairchen) en by de Franfchen draagt hy den naam van Pdque Fleurie. De geheele , op dezen Zondag volgende Week, wierd de Paasch-Week genoemd, naar het Paaschfeest, 'twelk op den volgenden Zondag invalt. — Ik vinde aangetekend, dat de Duitfchen, dezen dag, behalven Blumen Sonntag, om dat men op denzelven, de Kerk met blaauwe Violieren had ver-v cierd, ook Pluen Oflertag noemden, welke benaaming men wil afleiden, van een Platduitsch woord platten, betekenende kwellen, martelen, plaagen; dut  Ï72 GESCH. EN OUDH. KUNDIGE VERHANDELING dus zoude deze Zondag om diezelfde reden dezen naam draagen, om welke de geheele volgende Week, Marter fFoche, en by de Latynfche Kerkvaders Plebdomadas poenalis of laboriofa, word genoemd.

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Catalogue of a Portion of the collection of manuscripts KNOWN as the ApPENDIX, MADE BY THE LATE EARL OF AsHBURN HAM, from whose printed Catalogue the descriptions are taken, togetber with an important text of the later version of Wic liffe's English Bible, known as the Bramhall manuscript, from the same collection, of which a fuU account is given from the pen of the Révérend Professor Skeat. Which will be sold by auction by MM. Sotheby, Wilkinson and Hodge, on Monday, the first day of May 1899. London, 1899, ^^^"8**, 100 p. (second article ^*l) Il nous reste à examiner les huit manuscrits français que la disper sion des manuscrits de l'Appendice d'Ashburnham Place vient de faire entrer à la Bibliothèque nationale. VI. N* 43 (1 48 du Catal.de 1861).— B. N., nouv. aeq. fr. 9604-9606. Les trois premiers livres des Chroniques de Froissart, copiés avec soin et avec une remarquable régularité, en trois grands volumes in-folio , sur de beau parchemin. ^*^ Pour le premier article voir le cahier de juin 1899. 63 IMPRIMCRir HATiUlALE. Digitized by Google 49^4 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOÛT 1899. Tome I. Le premier voloine, oomposé de k^S feuîUefs, contient ié premier livre de In. Chronique , précédé de cette rubrique : t Cy commenoent les Groniques de France et d'Angleterre , comencées par discrète pereoiuie mons. Jehan Le Bel, chanoine de Saint Lambert du Liège , et continuées jusques à la bataille de Poittiers , et après sa mort furent compilées et parfaittes par vénérable homme mons. Jehan Froissart, esquelles croniques sont contenues plusieurs nobles avenues et beaux faiz darmes qui avindrent en France, en Angleterre, en Es pagne, en Escoce et en Guienne, comme ou païz de Brelaigne et ailleurs. » La moitié supérieure de la page servant de frontispice est occupée par une grande miniature, à deux compartiments. «— Dans celui de gauche, un vieillard à genoux, sans doute Froissart, oSre un livre au roi de France, assis au milieu de la Cour; derrière ie vieillard age nouillé, se tient debout le mai^hal Bertrand Du Guesclin, reconnais sable à ses armas : 1 aigle éployée de sable à la bande de gueules ^^^; le fond du tableau est formé par une tapisserie fleurdelisée, au haut de laquelle est répété le mot : JAMES, devise de Charles VI, qui se trouve sur plusieurs livres copiés et enluminés pour ce roi : l'inventaire des meimles de Charles V, ms. français ayoS de la Bibliothèque natio nale ^*^ et le recueil des opuscules moraux et historiques de Pierre Sal mon,ms. n' aSayg du même fonds^^ Dans le compartiment de droite on voit la remise i Edouard lU , roi d*An^eten'e, du défi de Philippe de Valois. Le roi est adossé à une draperie verte semée de couronnes d'or, sur laquelle est fixé un grand écu aux armes d'Angleterre. Dans cet exemplaire le livre premier s'arrête à ïa déconfiture de Guillaume des Bordes aux environs de Cherbourg le 4 juillet iSyg. Le dernier chapitre est intitulé : « Comment le roy Charies de France fut dolent et couroucié quand il sceut la desconfiture de la garnison du ^*^ Cette bande n'est pas très nette barte a donnée en 1879 de VInventaire ment marquée dans le ms. d'Ashbam da mobilier de Charles Y, rùi de France ham Place; mais elle se voit très dis (€(dlectioQ de documents inédits), tinctement dans notre ms. 6^74 , venu ^^^ La devise JAMES se voit sur les de la bibliothèque de Soubise. pièces d'ameublement et sur le manteau ^*^ Le frontispice de ce manuscrit a au roi dans plusieurs tableaux, de ce beau été reproduit dans Téditioii que M. La manuscrit, notamment aux fol. 5 et 19. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D'ASHBURNHAM. 495 pont de Donvre , et comment il y ordonna grans gens d*armes , dont mons. Jehan de Vienne et mons. Hutin de Vermeilles forent capi taines ^^^.» Le texte et les peintures de ce volume me semblent avoir été copiés d'après l'exemplaire du premier livre des Chroniques de Froissart, au jourd*hui n' 647/1 ^" fonds français à la Bibliothèque nationale, qui a fait partie de la bibliothèque de Soubise et qui a dû être exécuté, sinon pour Charles VI, du moins sous le règne de ce prince. Suivant le classement proposé par M. Luce pour les textes du premier livre de Froissart ^^^, le volume dont il est ici question doit se rattacher à la quatrième famille des manuscrits de la première rédaction du pre mier livre. Les manuscrits de cette famille contiennent les interpola tions d'un copiste breton nommé Raoïjd Tainguy, dont les habitudes ont été exposées dans un piquant mémoire de Siméon Loce ^^l Le* exemples suivants montreront qnetle est la nature de ces interpolations. Quant le roy Jehan de France eut compiiâ Bvethueii, et grande partie de Ncmt^ mendie. . . Ed., t. V, p. 237. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 179, col. 1. Monseigneur Guillaume Felletonne Monseigneur Thomas de Pontcliar don Éd., t. V, p. 2pftr. — Ms. Ashh., fol. 186 v*, col. a. Episode du combat d'Olivier de Mauny et du cfaei^er amglai» Jeaa Bottttoii durant le siège de Rennes en i5S6vi5&7. Ed., t« V« p. âo6-3o8. — Ms. Askb., foi 202, cel. 1 ; — 2o3, coi. 1. Cent mile petaux. Ed., t. V, p. 323. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 207, coL 2. Au devant de ces viUains tunes, giveKers. Ed., t. V, p. 327. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 208, coï. a. Et h noakéânt les villaina tacriers et bomuies tm€r. Ed., t. V, p. 3^ — Ms. Ashb. 1 fol. 23o y", coi. 2. (Le ms. de Leyde porte ici :) fu£ks, giveliers, bomules^ ter muions et tacriers. Tentative de Tarmée anglaise pour enlever de Tabbaye de Pontigny les restes de saint EdnKmd, en i36o. Ed., t. VIII, p. 4i4ct 4i5. — Ms. Afllïk,foL 24a, col. 2, et 24^^ ctÀ, 1. La première [bataille à la journée de Co€herel ot Moms^ BêvtraR da GaescUn. a tous les bretons, dont je vous en nommeray aucuns chevaliers et escuiers : premièrement mons. Olivier de Mauny, et mons. Hervé de Mauny, mons. Ebn de Mauny, frères et neveux dudit mons. Bertran, mons. Gîeffroy Perron, naons. Alain de Saint Paoul, mons. Robin de Guitë, mons. Eustace et mons. Alain de La Houssoye, mons. ^*^ Voir r'ëdrtwn du Paw&éon, t. I, tome II des OEnvres dTustacfce ï>es p. 720, et l'édiÉbm de la Société de champs., édhio» de far Société d«s m» rhistoire de France, t. IX, p. ulviii, cieas textes français. — Réînmrimé par note 4. Tauteur, avec des additions , dans le vo ^ É£lion de la Société de Thistolre lume intitulé : La France pendant la de France, t. I, p. xxxiv. guerre de Cent ans, i"* série, p. 249 ^*^ P. VI -XVI de l'Avant -popos du aSg. 63. Digitized by Google 496 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOÛT 1899. Robert de Saint Père, mons. Jehan Le Voier, mons. Guillaume Bodin, Olivier de Quoyguen, Lucas de Maiilechat, Gieffroy de Quediliac, Gieffroy Paien, Guillaume du Hallay, Jehan de Parrigny, Sevestre Budes, Bertelot d'Angoullevent, Olivier Ferron, Jehan Perron, son frère, et pluseurs autres bons chevaliers et escuiers que je ne puis mie tous nommer. Ed., t. VI, p. a 99. — Ms. Ashb., foL 276 v% col. 1 et 2. Ce merkedi passèrent li rois James de Mayogi^s, li contes d'Ermignach, . . Hortingo, Lamit, Maleterre, breton, nez de Saint Melair lez Cancalle, où sont les bonnes oestres, et tous li remanans des Compagnes, Ed., t. VII, p. a 64. — Dans le ms. d'Ashb., fol. 3 10, col. 1, l'interpolation se borne aux deux mots : «Maleterre breton. » Tome IL Ce volume, de a 28 feuillets, correspond au deuxième livre de la Chronique de Froissart; il commence par les mots : «Vous avez bien ci-dessus ouy parler et recorder comment le sire de Mucident. . . ^^U, précédés de la rubrique : « Ci commence le second volume des Croniques de France et d'Angleterre et des guerres qui y sont advenues, et aussi pareillement des autres gueires qui sont advenues rs païs d*Espaigne , dltalie, de Guienne et de Bretaigne, faictes et compilées par noble per sonne messire Jehan Froissart. w Au haut de la première page, grande miniature sur laquelle sont re présentés, dans deux compartiments distincts, d^une part, le roi de France, Charles VI, assis sur son trône, et, devant lui, le comte de Flandre et le duc de Bourgogne qui réclament son appui contre les Flamands révoltés; d*autre part, le roi d'Angleterre, probablement Ri chard II, recevant un chevalier dont les armes sont un chevron dor sur un fond de sable semé de trèfles d'argent. Le dernier chapitre est intitulé : « Comment le roy d'Angleterre de manda à Mons. Jehan de Boursiers des nouvelles de Gand, lequel lui en dist assez, et comment ilz avoient fait paix. » À la suite de ce chapitre viennent les pièces relatives au défi que Henri IV, roi d'Angleterre, adressa à Louis, duc d'Oriéans, le 3o mai i/îo3. Ce texie du second livre de Froissart appartient au groupe de manu scrits dont M. Gaston Raynaud a formé la première famille de la ré daction primitive. Il contient les passages que Raotd Tainguy a intro duits dans le second livre par voie d'interpolation. Pour prouver que tel est bien le caractère de ce manuscrit, je vais reproduire plusieurs ''^ Dans fédition de la Société de l'histoire de France, t«IK, p. 119. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE DASHBURNHAM. 497 des interpolations que M. Gaston Raynaud a relevées dans le ms. 1277 de Gheltenham et qui se retrouvent textuellement dans le tome II du FVoissart n® 1 48 de l'Appendix d*Ashburnham Place : Conune villains, tuffes, guieliers^^ bomules, termulons, tacriers, craffeurs, mairados et anstres crastinaz. Ed., t. IX, p. 827. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 17, col. 1. De coste le burgemaistre , qui bien se monstroit à astre félon et oultrageux homme et plein de grant cniaulté , et après lui venoient toutes ses ribaudailles et tuffieiilles tous armez au cler. Ed., t. IX, p. Sag et 33o. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 20, col. 1. Et foHement comme villains désespérés et tous enragiez que le diable gouverne et conduit à leur derrenière fin. Ed., t. IX, p. 333. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 23, col. 2. Messirç Geoffiroi de Karrismel, breton bretonnant, et messire Eustace de La Houssaye , breton galois ^* nez à trois lieues de la bonne ville de Saint Malo de risle. . . , excepté messire Bertran du Guesdin, messire Olivier de Cliçon, le sei gneur de Rohan , le seigneur de Laval , le seigneur de Rochefort , le seigneur de Montfort. Éd.. t. IX, p. 335. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 26, col. 2. Mais ti pendaille, tuffaille et li blanc cappron. Ed., t. IX, p. 336. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 27, col. 1. Laissièrent ces folles gens, mauvaise ribaudaille, convenir. Ed., t. IX, p. 337. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 29, col. 2. Le conte de Harecourt, messire Olivier du Guesclin, conte de Longueville, le sire de Hambuie, le sire de Toumebus, le sire de Thorigny, messire Olivier de Mauny, son firère. Ed., t. IX, p. 355 et 356. — Ms. Ashb., fol. à'] v*. Vinrent il à Bron , qui estoit le propre heritaige de messire Bertran du Guesclin , connestable de France, qui avoit esté, car il estoit mort n'ayoît guaires, devant Chasteauneuf de Randon, si conmie nous avons dit ci devant. Ed., t. X, p. 298. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 5i, col. 2. Moifouace, de Saint Maslou de Tlsle. Ed. , t. X, p. 3oo. Ms. Ashb. , fol. 53, col. 2. Espoir ont les aucuns tant beu que le mal Saint Martin les tient es testes tdle ment qu*ilz sont ja endormiz, et ainsi cuident ilz de nous. Si commencièrent tous a rire. Ed., t. X, p. 3oi. — Ms. Ashb. , fol. 54 v*, col. 2. Demora Tost trois jours pour eulx aisier et reposer leiu*s chevaulx, et Tendemain au matin ilz s*en partirent et vindrent logier a la Trinité en Forhouet ^^ et la de mouraTost deus jours. Ed., t. X, p. 3o5. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 58, col. 1. Le sire de Rain ^* le sire de Montauban, le sire de Montfort, le sire de Quintin, le viconte de La Bellière et mons. Olivier du Guesclin, conte de Longueville. Ed., t. X, p. 3o6. — Ms. Ashb., fol. 58 v% col. 2. Tome III. Volume de 287 feuillets, contenant le troisième livre de la Chro nique. Le premier feuillet a disparu , et le texte commence aux mots : « Que vez la que nous voulsissiens prandre près de admener en ce païs <'^ Ou giveliers. — ^*^ Galoa, Ashb. — ^^^ Le ms. Ashb. porte Porhouet, ce qui est la bonne leçon. — ^^^ Raix, dans le ms. Ashb. Digitized by Google 498 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOUT 1899. la somme (le u'" lances et la quantité de m ou iiu"" archiers», passage qui se trouve dans Tédition du Panthéon, au tome II, p. 870 , col. a, ligne 1 6. Le dernier chapitre a pour objet les préparatifs de la récep tion de la reine Isabeau de Bavière à Paris; il se termine ainsi : Et aussi, se il idaist à mon très chier et honnouré seigneur monseigneur le conte Guy de Bloys, à laquelle recpeste et plaisance j'ay travaiUié en ceste noble histoire, il le me dira, et pour l'amour de lai je y entendray, et de toutes choses advenues depuis ce tiers livre clos je m'en inforaieray très voulentiers ^^K Le baron Kervyn de Lettenhove ^^^ considère ce manuscrit comme re présentant la première rédaction. Tout porte à croire qu'il a été copié d'après le manuscrit de Soubisè, aujourd'hui n® G/iyS du fonds français à la Bibliothèque nationale, et que, comme celui-ci, il a pu recevoir les interpolations de Raoul Tainguy. Nous avons donc dans les trois volumes qui formaient le n* i48 de TAppendix d'Ashbumham Place le texte des trois premiers livres de la Chronique de Froissart, tel qu'il fut établi, ou plutôt arrangé, par Raoul Tainguy, au commencement du xv' siècle. Mais il n'y faut pas voir la copie originale de l'écrivain que Siméon Luce a si heureusement fait sortir de l'oubli. Le travail de Raoul Tainguy sur la Chronique de Froissart est repré senté par les manuscrits suivants : I. BiH. nat., mss. fnniçais 647^ et 6476. Copie des livres I et III^ de la main de Kaool Taingoy lui-même, comme Tindique, à la fin du ms. 6^76 « la signature R. Tainguy, suivie de ces six rers : Raoul Tainguy, qui point n est yvre,  Jaingny acomplit cest livre Le mardi mi* jour de juillet. Puis ala bodre chiés Tabouret Avec Pylon et antres catervaulx , Qui aiment ongnons, trippes et les anJx* Catervaument. II. Bibl. nat., mss. français 960^-9606 des Nouvelles Acquisitions, jadis n*" i48 de i*Appendix d'Ashbumham Place. Copie des trois premiers livres de Froissart, exécutée, selon toute apparence, dans l'atelier et sous la direction de Raoul IlL Bibliothèque de TUniversité de Leyde, fonds français de Vossios, in-fdio^ (^^ Éd. du Panthéon, t. U, p. 761. — ^^^ Édition de la Chronique de Froissart, 1. 1., part. II, p. 263. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D ASHBURNHAM. 499 n*" g, tome I. Copie du livre I de k Chronique. 11 £iiidrait revoir le manuscrit pour décider s'il est de la main de Raoul Taingny. IV. Bibliothèque de sir Thomas PhiMipps, n** 1277. Copie du livre II de la Chronique. C*est aussi un manuscrit à revoir pour en bien déterminer le caractère. Il faut encore aiti*ibuer à Raoul Tainguy les dnq manuscrits suivants: V* BibL nat., mss. fran^is 364>a65et266. Les trois Décades de Tite-Iive, ti'aduites par Pierre Bersuire. La signature de R. Tainguy est à la fin de la seconde décade , et la copie de la Iroisiëme se termine par une souscription en vers : Ci linent les trois décades De Titus, qui sont moult sades, fiscriptes par Raoul Taingui , Qui n est pas forment amaigri, A ChampM, où il a esté Et à Paris tout cest esté , Aux despens de monseigneur. Tondis piant du meilleur, Sanz faire noise ne riot. Dont me rapport à petiot. Fors aux pians et aux crupaux, Comme frères et catervaux. , Si prie Dieu le roy Jhesus , Qui a fait Thetis et Bachus , Et qui est creator omnium rerum , Qq u doint à mon s. regnum celorum. Amen. Catervaumcnt Non tuffaument. A R. Tainguy. VI. Bibliothèque de sir Thomas Phillipps, n* 2914. La troisième décade de Tite-Live, à la fin de laquelle M. Paul Durrieu^*^ a relevé ces vers : Ci fine la tierce décade De Titus Livius mémorable , Accom{die à HaubertviUier Par Tainguy, qui n'est pas guelier. VU. Bibl. nat. , mss. français 45 et 46. Version française de Valère Maiime par Simon de Hesdin et Nicolas de Gonesse. La signature R. Tainguy se lit au fol. 10 v* du tome I, à la fin de la table par laquelle s*oavre le volume. VIII. BibL nat., ms. français 31 48. Le livre des échecs moralisé, mis en français par Jean du Vignay. La signature de R. Tainguy est sur la dernière page du volume. IX. BiU. nat..» ms. français 84o. Recueil des poésies d'Eustache Deschamps. La transcription de ce gros volume peut être Tœuvre de plusieurs copistes, mais Raoul <*> BihUotK de V École des chartes, 1889, t. L, p. ^9^ Digitized by Google 500 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOÛT 1899. Tainguy s'en est reconnu Téditeur responsable, puiscp'il a mis sa signature à la fin « sur le fol. 58 1 v*, et qu'il a tracé en lettres rouges, au bas du fol. 578 v*, le mot Taffaument, comme dans le Tite-Live de la Bibliothèque nationale, ce qui équivaut à une signature. VU. N** 75 ( 1 75 du Catalogue de 1 86 1 ). — B. N. , nouv. acq. fr. 6835. Volume composé de deux manuscrits distincts, ayant chacun d'ancien temps une pagination distincte, mais paraissant avoir été copiés par ime même main , vers la fin du xiv* siècle. Ces deux manuscrits semblent avoir été toujours réunis. Ils ont fait partie de la bibliothèque de Tab baye du Mont-Saint-Michel. En tête du premier on peut encore lire en gros caractères, à moitié effacés, Tinscription : ISTE LIBER EST DE THESAVRARIA MONTIS. Le volume, constitué tel qu'il est aujour d'hui, a figuré en 1 85 1 à la vente de^ livres de M. de Montmerqué^*^ La première partie contient trente-neuf contes dévots, en vers fran çais, octosyllabiques, extraits des Vies des Pères. Un extrait des rubriques fera connaître le sujet de chacun des contes. Fol. 1. De deux hermites, dont lun saulva l'autre après qu'il eut fait fomica cion. Fol. 3. De la fille d'un bourgoys qui mist asseur à ung saint hermite qu'il l'avoit enceinte. Fol. 4 v*. D'un proudomme que une foie femme voult decepvoir. .. Fol. 7. Du prevost d'Aquiliée. .. Fol. 9 v". D'un marchant qui du trésor de Chartreuse rachata le père et le filz des mains d'un usurier. Foi. 12. D'un hermite qui s'enyvra, qui par yvresse fist homicide. .. Fol. i4 v**. D'une nonnain qui menga la flour d'un choul [sans] seigner (faire le signe de la croix) . .. Fol. 1 5 v". D'un proudomme usurier qui fust troys jours en une huche plaine de bestes venimeuses. Fol. 1 8. D'un moyne qui contrefit la figure de l'ennemy d'enfer. Fol. 20 v". De celluy que le botereul print à la lèvre , pour ce qu'il lessa avoir mesaise à son père. Fol. 22 V*. Des Juifs qui ferirent le crucifix. .. Fol. 24* D'un boiu*goys de Romme qui espousa ung ymage de pierre de son anel. Fol. 28. D'un meurtrier qui se convertit par ung hermite, lequel hermite fut dampné. Fol. 3o. D'un proudomme qui trouva la fontaine dont le ruyssel couroit contre mont. .. Fol. 53. D'un proudomme moult dévot, qui souvent disoit : «Miserere tui Deus. » ^^^ N* 2835 du Catalogue de vente. Ce manuscrit fut vendu 200 francs. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D'ASHBURNHAM. 501 Fol. 35. D'un bourgoys de Romme cjui fist à son fik esprouver ses amys. Fol. 37. DW hermite qui passa panny la goule de Tennèmy d'enfer. Fol. 38. De saint Jeroisme qui apperceult ung diable sus la coue de la robe d une bourgoyse de Bethléem. Fol. 39 V*. D un prestre qui fist fomicacion la saintte vigille de Noël. Fol. 4i v*. D'une boiu*goise de Romme que son filz engroissa. .. Fol. àà V*. D'un villain asnier auquel Merlin parla . .. Fol. 48. D'une jeune femme qui vit son père en paradiz et sa mère en enfer. Fol. 5o V*. D'un juif verrier qui getta son filz en la fournaise . .. Fol. 62 V*. D'un prodomme jardinier qui lessa à faire son aulmosne. .. Fol. 53 V*. D'un filz à ung seneschal qui par envye fiit encusé envers le roy de son maistre . .. Fol. 59. D'un prodomme qui se confessa , qui deubt emplir ung baril d'eaue par penitance. .. D'une abbeesse qui de son variet fut enceinte . .. D'un prince sarrazin qui osta ung hermite de son reclus. .. D'un bon prodomme qui par ses prières ressuscita ung sarrazin qui fut sauvé. D'un clerc que on appelloit Leschefrite, qui se rendit en une abbaye pour la debvoir rober . .. D'un roy qui print la fille d'un sien seneschal à mariage . .. D'un jeune clerc bien dévot qui souvent disoit Ave Maria. D'une nonnain segretaine qui folea . .. D'un emperiere de Ronmie qui alla en pèlerinage et lessa sa fenune en garde à son firère qui la requist de faire fomicacion. D'un chevalier qui tua un prestre et fut querre penitance au pape, puis à Boniface . .. D'un saint hermite qui nourrist sa niepce et la fit recluse . .. D'un hermite qui renoya Dieu et sa mère et ses sains pour espouser une sarrazine . .. D'un bourgoys qui renoya Dieu et ses sains excepté la Vierge Marie, pour espouser sa voysine. D'une putain nommée Tays , qui par les exortacions d'un saint hermite se retrait de son pechié et mena bonne vie. Premiers vers du recueil : Beau sire Dieu, roy Jhesu Crist, Père et Filz et saint Esprist, Dieu qui tout peulz, qui tout créas. Qui en la sainte croiz crias . .. A la fin se lit un épilogue en huit vers : EIn ce livre de cy devant, Mez que vous y prenez garde , Vous y trouverez, je me vaut, Qu'il est bien gardé qui Dieu garde. 64 IMPBIMBmiS KATlOKAtl Fol. 61. Fol. 64. Fol. 66 V'. Fol. 68. Fol Fol. Fol. Fol. 70. 75. 78. Fol. 83. Fol Fol. 88 V. 91 V' Fol. 94. Fol 96 V*. Digitized by Google 502 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOÛT 1899. Il parle de plusiean examplet , Ëxiraicte de la Vie des Pères. AegMndez les, quer iJz sont ampleft, Et n*estudiez pas des pieres. If ouït de bien y pcmrres apprendre ËQ poD de temps, je l'ose dire. Ne mes que tous Yieallies entendre A le retenir et le layre. La seconde partie du volume, composée de quatre-vingt-huit feuillets de parchemin, à deux colonnes, contient un autre recueil de contes dévots, réunis au nombre de trente et un, sous le titre de Tombel de Chartreuse. Ce titre fait allusion à ia maison dans laquelle le poème fut composé; l'auteur était un religieux nommé Eustache, prieur de la chartreuse de Fontaine-Notre-Dame, au diocèse de Soissons. H s'est fait connaître dans un prologue, où il explique par quelles raisons il a cru devoir mettre en vers des récits qui hii semblaient de nature à édifier les fidèles : A ses très chers seigneurs et pères. Le prieur Eustace , et lez firères De la Fontaigne Nostre Diaine, Ung chatif reoommande s* ame, Qni a despendu longuement Les besans Dieu trop foiement. Eustache a emprunté le fond de ses «narrations» à des «histoires authentiques »; mais il ne s'est pas interdit d'y ajouter des « accessoires » qui convenaient à un ouvrage «en rimes», additions qu'autorisait l'exemple de ceux qui ont écrit les Vies de saints : Ja crestien ne sera pire, Ains devroit plus pechié doubter S'il luy plaisoit à escouter Les narracions ici mises; Car iiz sont extraictez et prises Toutes d'autentiques histoires. Bien est voir plusieurs accessoires Et circonstances de iangaige Adjoins et fais selon Tusaige , Que ceuix mesmes pas n'eschivent Qui la vie des sains escripvent. Et la rîme si fait user D'estranges motz et reffbser Souvent le pins propre iangaige; Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D'ASHBURNHAM. 503 Mais la matère au long «âge SVn dermit garder plus entière Et en sera à ceulx (Mos chière Pour qtâ eHe est en ryme aaise : Car le vulgal les rimes prise , La mesure dedem. enmse Lecv délite fkm qae la proae. Voici les rubriques de chacun des trente et un chapiti^es du Tomhel de Chartreuse : Fol. 2 v*. Du duc de Sardaine. Fol. 5. De saincte Gale qui ne se voult remarier. Fol. 7 v*. De sainct Paulin , evesque de Noie , qui fat en servage pour aultre comme bon pastour. Fol. 11 V*. De sainct Johan le Damassien, exemple de pacience et de bonnes meurs. Fol. 1 6 v'. De Serapion et de sainct Theon. F<A, 19. De ceoh q«i earolètent un on pour eaipescfaier le divin service. Fol. ao V. D'un estudiant qui apparut â son maislre après sa iM>rt. Fol. 2 3. D*un jeune homme qv entra en religioik et fo temple du pedaé àb la • chair. Fol. 26. Comme sainct Narcis patriarche s'enfuit par fanix tesmoingz, et depuis fu trouve et restitue en son premier estât. F<^. 27 v**. Comme saint Âmbroise, evesque de Milan, se dedogea de Tostel d*un nche €[ui n'avoit eu oncquez adversité, et fondit tantost après son partement. Fol. 29. Gomme le filz du conte de Crespi delessa son héritage , pour ce qu il vit le corps de son père puant et deffait en son cerqueul. Fol. 3» 2 v". Comme Temperiere Olhes fist un conte occire faulcement, pour ce que sa femme hir fist croire que il ht prioit de Tfflen«te. Fol. 37. D^ui homme qui emnieiia la nuit de Pasqaes nDe^ pneeUe et cowhii o he, et ne s'en cenfeasa, dont le e^vf^ ardît on. tomhd et 6bA dampné. Fol. 89 v". D*un archidiacre qui occist son evesque. Fol. 43 v". Comme Tordre de Chartrouse fut trouvée. Fol. 46 V*. Dercrinite qui par vaîse eloire perdit vmtg pai». Fol. 5o. De Grégoire le aîxte qui destniii les larrons de Romoie; Fol. 52. De saint Alexi qui In xvu ans chiex aon père comme povre* Fol. 58. Comment le roy Sounain fut mort qui voult taiQer Teglise saint Emont et soumettre a treu ^^K F(d. 61 y. D W prisonûer qui ne poooit fcaîr em Mens par ks pnère»de l'Eglise et de son frère abhé. Fol. 64 V*. D'un chevalier cfoi p^rdenan la mort de aon père, et luy acdina le cru cifix. ^^ Ce chapitre a été pubHé en 1 843 par TréButien , sous le titre de : La mort du roi Smeine, en vers Ja Jtrw' fiècle, Caen, 1 846; i»-rGL 64. Digitized by Google 504 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOllT 1899. Fol. 67. De saint Serveul, qui sauva Tame de lui pour vivre en povreté. Fol. 69. D*un clerc que la Ibuidre confondi pour ce qu*il tenoit maulvësement les biens de saincte Elglise. Fol. 7 1 . D'une femme juyesse qui la virge Marie délivra de mort pour ce qu'elle se converti. Fol. 73 v**. Dun larron qui fut m jours pendu sans moi*t. Fol. 70. De celuy qui vesquist en la carrière tout un an par les oblacions de sa femme , dont l'ennemy la cuida empescher. Fol. 76 v**. De la deshonnesté que l'en (ist au pape Formose. Fol. 78. De deux honmies dont l'un accorda à paix, et l'autre ne s'i voult accorder, qui mourut de maie mort. Fol. 79. De saint Foursi cpii prist le don de l'usurier, dont il fut corrigée. Fol. 80 v". De saint Panuches abbé. Fol. 83 v*. De Origènes qui meserra en sa doctrine , contre ceulx qui font le con traire de ce qu'ilz preschent. A la suite du Tombel de Chartreuse le copiste a transcrit : 1** (fol. 85 v**) un dialogue en vers, entre l'homme et la raison. Dans ce dia logue, «l'homme se complaint de sa fragilité qui le tient en pechié, de sa povreté et de ce que il luy fault mourir. » — Premiers ver» : La sensualité je ne puys mestrier Pour ce ne me doibt on de mes malx escrier. 2^ (fol. 87) des réflexions en prose sur les quatre fins de l'honmie. «Quatre choses derraines sont, si cenmie dit saint Benard, que très souvent devon avoir en nostre mémoire . . . ■ La table mise en tête du manuscrit annonce comme un complément* du Tombel de Chartreuse « le Chant du Roussinol, eu la fin du livre, parlant de la Passion de Jhesu Crist »; mais ce morceau na point été copié, La lacune est d'ailleurs facile à combler. Il existe à la bibliothèque d'Avrancbes un autre exemplaire du Tom bel de Chartreuse, venu également de Tabbaye du Mont-Saint-Michel, qui contient le texte du « Chant du Roussigneul ». Ce second exemplaire du Tombel de Chartreuse a été copié h Dol en Bretagne, au mois de fé vrier i4a3,par un religieux du Mont-Saint-Michel, Nicolas de Launay, prieur du MontDol : Scriptum in villa Dolensi , anno Domini m* cccc* vicesimo tercio , mense februario. Lectores cari curetis, queso, precari Pro scriptore Deum , salvet ut ille reum. Per me fratrem Nicholaum de Launey, priorem de Monte Dolis. Une analyse des contes copiés dans le manuscrit d'Avranches a été publiée en 1 838 par I abbé Desroches, à la fin de son Histoire du Mont Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D ASHBURNHAM. 505 Saint-Michel et de Vancien diocèse d^Avranches^^ Le Chant du Rossignol a été compris dans cette publication. — Le Tombel de Chartreuse et le Chant du Rossignol ont fourni au très regretté Eugène de Beaurepaire le sujet d une étude intéressante ^^^ VIIL N* 99 ( 1 55 du Catalogue de 1 86 1 ). — B. N. , nouv. acq. fr. 75 1 5. Ce manuscrit contient un long poème en l'honneur de saint Jean Baptiste, dont la Bibliothèque nationale possède depuis longtemps un autre exemplaire, n** 2182 du fonds français. Le second exemplaire qu'elle vient d'acquérir est incomplet. Il manque au commencement trente-six feuillets; le premier vers conservé, « D'arester et de gage prendre», se trouve dans le ms. 2182, au fol. 23, ligne 3. A la (in il manque seulement une vingtaine de vers. La date du ms. de la collec tion d'Ashburnham est assez embarrassante à déterminer; je n'en crois pas récriture antérieure au xiv* siècle, et ce qui me confirme dans cette opinion , c'est le style des mauvaises miniatures dont le volume est illustré. La question sera tranchée par M. Paul Meyer, qui a étudié à fond la Légende en vers de saint Jean-Baptiste, et qui décidera si la souscrip tion en vers , datée de 1 32 2 , qui se lit à la fin du ms. 2182, doit se rap porter à l'auteur du poème ou simplement au copiste. IX. N" 100 ( 1 59 du Catalogue de 1 861 ). — B. N. , nouv. acq. fr. 78 18. Exemplaire d'im ouvrage de Christine de Pisan qui a été fréquem ment copié : « S'ensuit Tespitre moult belle et plaisante envoyée, qui est appellée Prudence, au noble Hector de Troye. » L'écriture ne doit pas être antéiîeure à la seconde moitié du xv* siècle. La première page est ornée d'une assez médiocre miniature : la présentation du livre par Christine à un prince aux pieds duquel sont les armes d*Oriéans. C'est peut-être la copie d'un exemplaire de rÉpître d'Othéa que Christine aurait offert à Louis, duc d'Orléans. X. NM 04 ( 1 65 du Catalogue de 1 86 1 ). — B. N. , nouv. acq. fr. 76 1 6. Copie du grand poème de Denis Piramus, le Roman de Partonopeus. Ce volume a tous les caractères d'un manuscrit copié en Italie vers la ^'^ Tome II, p. 333-397. — ^*^ Le Tombel de Chartrose et le Chant du RomsigneaL Caen , 1 854 ; in-S**. Extrait du tome XX des Siiémoires de la Société des antiqaaU'es de Normandie. Digitized by Google 50<') JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOUT 1899. fin du xiii' siècle, et ce qui prouve que telle en est bien lorigine, ce sont les vers italiens qui se lisent sur les quatre derniers feuillets. Le scribe a terminé sa copie par ces quatre vers : Explicit liber Partolorei de Bleis, A Deo nos comandons et à ses leis, Qu'il nos fera d*infem garanz, Si ateiidons le suen comanz. Quelques lignes plus haut nous lisons : Llstoire ici finerai , Car ge plus n en trovai; Et s*uns autres vos dît avant « Ne Ten créez ne tant ne quant, Qar Ganter M ape plus n'en dist. Cet exemplaire pourra servira combler les lacunes et à rectifier les incorrections du manuscrit de TArsenal et des deux manuscrits de la Bibliothèque nationale, dont Grapelet s'est servi pour donner son édition du Roman de Partonopeus^^). Au commencement du siècle il a appartenu au marquis Germain Garnier, Ma vente duquel ^Ml fut adjugé 176 francs, le 7 mars 1822. M. Paul Meyer a reconnu que ce volume provient delà bibliothèque de François Gonzague, capitaine de Mantoue, mort en i /I07; il figure en ces termes sur un inventaire dressé en 1A07 après la mort de ce seigneur : « Partinope Troie, incipit : A Dea reng grâces e merci. Et finit : En parais ten Ions laaech, Gontinet cartas i à^^^K » XL NM05 ( 1 66 du Catalogue de 1 86 1 ). — B. N. , nouv. acq. fr. -jb 1 4. Petit volume de quatre-vingt-onze feuillets de parchemin, écrit sur deux colonnes, en caractères du xiv* siècle. Indépendamment de trois petites pièces de vers^* il contient deux poèmes fi-ançais d une certaine étendue. Le premier (fol. i-33) est une composition allégorique intitulée: « Chi commenchent li Regret de Guillaume, le conte de Haynnau, père à le roynne d'Engleteerre et à le contesse de Juîers. » Ce comte de Hai naut est Guillaume 1^, qui mourut en i337, laissant de sa femme ^^^ Partonopeas de B lois, pablié d'après W N° 669 du Catalogue de la vente le manuscrit de la hihliotkèqae de VAr rédigé par Brunet. senah Paris, Crapelet, i834. Deux vo ^'^ Romania, t. IX, p. 609. lûmes in-8". ^*^ Fol. 33, 33 v^ et 91 v'. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COBITE DASHBURNHAM. 507 Jeanne de Valois, entre autres enfants, Jeanne, femme de Guillaume, duc de Juliers, et Philippe, femme d*Édouard III, roi d'Angleterre. Le poème est le récit d'un rêve, à la fin duquel Fauteur fait connaître son nom, Jean de La Motte, et la date du ré?e : Ensi ces dames escoutai Toutes, et bien considérai L*e9tat, le dolleur, le martire K'eQ complaingnant voloîent dire L*amor dou prince bien par&it, Guillaume , de cui Diex rame ait. Et puis assës tos m'esveiilaî , Mais iex ouvri, si rewardai, Entonr moi ai ne vit castiel. Maison, ne cellier, ne crestiel. Ce songe contai à madame , Que Jhesus sauve corps et ame. Qui est roynne d*Engletière. Celle me commanda quant erre Qa*aucun traitié en feaisse Sans plus à ce songe propiaae. £t jou volentiers Tacordai, Ce traitié sans plus fait en ai , Lequel je voel rimmer tout noef L'an mil m" et trente noef. Diea doinst qu*H plaise à escoutans, Car je cuide et sui crëans Que pas n*ai dit tant de viertus Dont li frans princes n'enist jkas. Pour vérité le vons affinne Jehans de Le Motte, qui finne Che traitié. Qui Tavés oy, Priyés tout pour famé de H. Amen. Ex[dBcit. Les Regrets sur la mort du comte Guillaume ont été publiés en 1882, d après ce manuscrit, par M. Aug. Scheler, pour l'Académie royale de Belgique. L'auteur Jean de La Motte est connu par d'autres ouvrages. Il a mis son nom en acrostiche à Ja fin d'un complément qu'il a ajouté aux Vœux du paon et qu'il a daté de l'année 1 34o^^^ H faut aussi lui attribuer un poème qui est ainsi désigné par Gabriel Martin, dans le Catalogue de la bibliothèque de Charles-Jérôme de Cis ^^^ Voir Tédition de Hagaet Capei, chanson de geste, pnUiée, en i864> parle marquis de La Grange, p. xvm. ( Collection des anoena poètes de la France, Vlii.) Digitized by Google 508 JOURNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOÛT 1899. ternay Du Fay, dispersée en i yaS : « Li traitiës de le Voie d'enfer et de paradis, fait et compilé par Jean de Le Motte, pour Tamour de Symon de Lile, bourgeois de P^ris, maistre orfèvre du roy de France, en rithme^^l » Ce traité se trouvait tout à la fin dun manuscrit sur parche min, in-folio, relié en maroquin rouge, qui contenait, outre le Roman de la Rose, « li Mireoirs de Tame, en rithme, li Testamens de maistre Jean de M eun et li Romans du Rendus de Molieus ». Il y aurait peut être lieu d'examiner si ie poème contenu dans le ms. français a^SiS, intitulé : « Ch*est li livres de le Voye de infer », et commençant par le vers « Dieus qui les bons gouverne et garde » , ne serait pas l'oeuvre de Jean de f^a Motte. Ce poème, qui remplit vingt-six feuillets à deux co lonnes, est le récit d'un songe, comme les Regrets du comte Guil laume. Le second poème contenu dans ie n** io5 (fol. SA-g i ) est le célèbre Roman du Châtelain de Coucy, dont Crapelet a donné une édition ^^^ sans avoir pu consulter d*autre manuscrit que celui qui porte aujour d'hui le n* 1 8098 du fonds français à la Bibliothèque nationale ^^K Les vers qui donnent en acrostiche le nom de fauteur sont ainsi copiés dans le manuscrit nouvellement acquis : En fonnour d^une dame gente Ai je mis mon coer et m* entente En rimer ceste histoire chi , Et men non nonmerai aussi, Si c'on ne s'en piercevera Qui Tengien trouver ne sara ; J*en sui ciertain; car naferoit À personne qui fait Taroit , K on ^*^ le tenroit à vanterie , Espoir ou à mélancolie ; Mais se cdJe pour qui fait Tai Eln seit nouvelle, bien le sai, S*il li plaist, bien guerredonné Me sera , s'il li vient en gré ^^K A li m'ottroi et me présent, K'en^*^ face son commandement. ^'^ Gabriel Martin, Bibliotheca Fa qui forment la Biblioth, protypogr, de yana, p. 238, n" 1901. Barrois. — Le même roman se trouvait ^'^ L'Histoire du, châtelain de Coucy et dans la librairie de Charles V, n* 1 137. de la dame de FayeL Paris, 1829; in-8". ^*^ Con. Ms. 15098. ^'^ Ce ms. 16098 vient de la biblio ^*^ Sera, mes quel reçoive en gré. thèque des ducs de Bourgogne. Il figure Ms. 1 6098. sous le n** i4oi dans un des catalogues ^*^ Qu'en. Ms. 16098. Digitized by Google MANUSCRITS DU COMTE D'ASHBURNHAM. 509 En li ai mis tout mon solas , S'en cant souvent et haut et bas , Et liement ne maintenrai Pour li tant com jou viverai. Les initiales des quatorze derniers vers donnent en acrostiche le nom de JAKEMES MARESEP^^l Les variantes que présente le ms. iSogS conduisent à une autre leçon : JACEMES SAQESEP. M. Gaston Paris, qui a connu les deux leçons, estime que la forme véritable du nom caché dans ces vers doit être Jakemon Sakesep^'^1 Le volume qui vient d'être décrit est relié en maroquin rouge aux armes du comte de Toulouse, pour lequel il avait été acheté en 1728, au prix de 80 livres, à la vente de la bibliothèque de Dufay^^^. Les 91 feuillets dont il se compose sont les débris dun manuscrit plus considérable. Le premier cahier porte au verso du folio 7 la signature xxi , ce qui doit faire supposer qu*il manque en tête vingt cahiers, soit, selon toute apparence, 1 60 feuillets. Il figura dans cet état, en 1 85ti , sous le n° 1 1 08 , à la vente des livres du roi Louis-Philippe. C'est alors qu il fut acquis pour le comte d'Ashbumham , avec trois autres manuscrits qui ont reparu à la vente du i*' mai 1899, mais dont aucun na pu être acheté par la Bibliothèque nationale. Ce sont : i" N" 97 (162 de l'Appendice). Recueil sommaire de la Chronique Françoise en vers, par Guillaume du Bois, dit Crétin. Copie sur vélin du xvi* siècle. 5 volumes in-folio. (N"* 1 io5 de la vente de 1862.) Exemplaire ayant appartenu à Léonor de Rohan, princesse de Guéméné, et plus tard au duc de La Vallière (n* 2938 du catalogue de vente). a" N* io3 (164 de TAppendice). Roman de la Table ronde, en prose, intitulé : « Cest livre est le livre de Monseigneur Yvain , et parole de maint buen chevaliers. » H commence par ces mots : « En ceste partie dit li contes que missire Yvain, le fds au roi Urien, chevauchoit par une grant forest qui estoit apellée la Périlleuse ibreste. » Volume en parchemin, de 55 feuillets. Ecriture de la fin du xnr siècle, que M. Paul Meyer considère conmie italienne. (N* i3o6 de la vente de 1 85a.) Ce volume fut envoyé en 1708 à Foucault par M. de Charancé, directeur des fermes de Languedoc à Montpellier. 11 a longtemps fait partie de la bibliothèque du comte de Toulouse. 3° N" 106 (167 de l'Appendice). Abrégé du roman de Tristan, rédigé par Pierre Sala à la demande du roi François I"; volume en papier de 3^6 feuillets. (N" i3o3 de la vente de i852.) Pierre Sala ex.écuta ce travail d* après un vieil exemplaire que ^^^ M. Meyer avait indiqué cette lec dans la Romania, t. |VIII, p. 343-373. ture dans la i{oiiuinia^ t. 11, p. 1^2. ^^^ Bibliotheca Fayana, p. 336, ^*^ Le Roman du châtelain de Couci, n* 1893. 65 IMFIIIIIIIB HATIOKALt. Digitized by Google 510 iODRNAL DES SAVANTS. — AOUT 1899, le roi avait fait mettre à sa disposition. C-est-ee qu'il dit dans une sorte de dédicace placée en tète du volume ^*^ : Pour obéir, sire , an ctjrmmandemeni; Qui vous a pieu me faire , j'ay brefmerrt Dessus mon nez assises mes lunettes , Poui* deschiUrar lettres, que nay leu nettes. Du vieil Tristan , qu'il vous pleust me JbajILer» Qui m" a souvent de nuyt bien faict bailler : Car les lettres en «stoîent «ffiacée» , £X les marges >du parchetnin «cassées. Ce fionobstast., j «y tant iiaict, tret à tret^ Que vous en ay ce livre ci extret., Qui commence comme le beau Tridan, Estant tmg j our en un granl trîsie ahan , Senttet «a champs,, pensant oomme Fortane Le travaiUoit,, s il faisok il £oti vaeL De œ penser vint première naissance Que Lancelot eut de lui congnoissance , t^omraent verrez ci après racompter, Qvand vous piaira , sire,, de rescoputer ; Ei. neantMoins <pe ce Mut escript ¥ain , U vous plaira d excuser 1 fiscripvAin. Vostre Sala, très humble en vostre chambre , Qui vous requiert que de lui vous remembre. Les quatre manuscrits dont il vient d*étre question donnent lieu à «ne ofarseniition assez curieuse sur les vsriatîoiis du prix des manuscrits. On sait que la valeur vénale des livres précieux , imprimés ou manuscrits , a considérablement augmenté depuis cinquante ans. Cependant les quatre manuscrits acquis par le comte d'Ashburnham à. la vente de la bsUiodièque de ixiuis-Plulippe sont bien loin daTotr atteint a Londres, en 1 899 , les prix redises k Paris en iS5i. En fiice des prix d*adjudica tîon de rSSaje metti'aî, pour chacun des manuscrits, les prix d'adjudi cation de 1699 : Le CiliâteUîn deCoucy : en i85a, i,6o5 fi^ancs; en 1899, 9^' ^* La Chronique de Crétin : en iSSa, ^,i5o francs; en 1899, 5oo fr. Le Roman d'Yvain : en 1 Sb^ , i ,960 francs; en 1 899 , 1 ,ot2 5 francs. Le Roman de Tristan : en i852, 1,280 francs; en 1899, a-yS fr. Total des prix réalisés en iSS-î 6,965 firancs. Total des prix réalisés en 1899 -2,801 Différence 4,1 64 francs. ^^^ Du VerdMT a conim on aatre exemplaire du même ouvrage; voir ia BUUm thèque Jrançoise , édit. de 1778, t. V, p^ 342. Digitized by Google î MANUSCRITS DU COIMTE DASHBURNHAM. 511 XII. N* ) 52 ( 2 2 a de Kancien Catalogue). — B. N. , nc«v.. acq. fr. gôoi.. Le ms. i52 est une histoire du siège et de la destruction de Tfoie,, d'après les compositians tatines attribuiées à Dteirès-le Phv jBgîeni et à Dictys de Crète. Le vohnwe, gra«id in^fotto», dje i kj 63uiileia, aemkle anioir été écrit dans le mîdi de la France , wrs la fin du xni sièele. Le ba» d'un certain nonvbre de pages est occupé par de grande* dessina aa trak, ikont (|uelque9 parties seulement (Mil été relevées d;ecodiecirs..C€s dessins, pet» remarquables comme œirvPR^d'apt, sont curievx à étuudîsF poaT le ccîs tame militaire, pour des scènes cte* romibats et sortoiiti poov des figures de bateaux. Comme moyen di'idenliifiev ce pvoliôie véèkt^ je tnmscm qoeiqiie» lignes dn commencement et de la fm , primcipalemeiifl iesu rai>iriqa«9 des* premiers et de» dternievs chapitre» : Cestiuj livre paroukt dou siège et dft la destnidâB» de Tsote , %k porc^ Tfoie £a destrute et issiUiée. Salemoix U très sage nos enseigne e amoneste en son livre qe Ten doit son sen ni son savoir celer, ains doit Ton aprendre et ensengner as autres or henor et pris conquere et avoir, car ensi firent les nos ansesors. . . Et porce qe en dbit iîo* jei» apren^e et eiiBeigaier, me voiti gc trafvaillier dfune eatoire mètre %n pcwmnz, por ce qecels qe le latin ne entendent ?e puisseuL deliler; cao r«atoire est BQoult riche et de grant a£aire. Ce est corne Troie m destniite ^ isilllée ,. d& qoi la vérité est peu seue. G dii cornent Homier li clerc traita dou siège et de la destrucion [de] Troie . .. Cornent Cornélius rett^va fo veraie estoire de Tiroie , laqel Daire le Troie» eserist dedemc Tncne en, lengu« gresok:, et aornenb celui Comalius la< msA en latm. Cornent li roi* P«Ueua prist» haine et fetionie. contre son neN^ Jaaon , ei comAot il pensa de lui hocire. Cornent Tllelojjonus se mist à la voie pour trover son père , et comenf il l'oscit. Cornent Telo^onu» se pMnt de' la mort son père, e* eomeni il le momtra le signe q*il portoit soc s» lance. Cornent Telogonus cegaim en. contrée . . .. Telogonus vesqi puis, en son reigUA longuement, si se fist moult amer, et moult encrut et ensausa por sa valor. Si fairons ensi fins de nostre livre. Car nos vos avons mouTt bien dit et retrait ce que Ditis et Daire nos raconte.

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L Serra das Fontes ie n crëp tl Portugal. L à na autëza de metri. Geografia Referënzes Crëp tl Portugal.

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import { withViewModel } from "@rxreact/core" import * as React from 'react' import { combineLatest, Observable, of, Subject } from 'rxjs' import { map, startWith } from 'rxjs/operators' type CarId = string interface ICar { id: CarId, name: string, year: number, make: string, model: string, } type Car = ICar const car1 = { id: '1', name: 'car 1', year: 1992, make: 'a', model: 'a' } const car2 = { id: '2', name: 'car 2', year: 1234, make: 'a', model: 'a' } const car3 = { id: '3', name: 'car 3', year: 1233, make: 'a', model: 'a' } // a list of cars to display const cars$ : Observable<Car[]> = of([car1, car2, car3]) // a subject representing the action of a user selecting a car const selectCar$: Subject<CarId> = new Subject(); // the currently selected car, found in the car list each time the user // selects a car id const selectedCar$ : Observable<Car | undefined> = combineLatest(cars$, selectCar$).pipe( map(([cars, selectedCarId]) => cars.find(car => car.id === selectedCarId)), startWith(undefined), ) const vm = { inputs: { cars: cars$, selectedCar: selectedCar$ }, outputs: { selectCar: selectCar$ } } interface ICarComponentProps { cars: Car[], selectedCar: Car | undefined, selectCar: (carId: CarId) => void; listName: string } const CarComponent: React.SFC<ICarComponentProps> = ({ cars, selectedCar, selectCar, listName }) => { return ( <div> <h1>{listName}</h1> <ul> {cars.map(car => ( <li key={car.id} // tslint:disable-next-line jsx-no-lambda onClick={() => selectCar(car.id)} > { car.year } { car.make } { car.model } </li> ))} </ul> {selectedCar && ( <p> You have selected the {selectedCar.year} {selectedCar.make} {selectedCar.model}. </p> )} </div> ) } const CarComponentWithVm = withViewModel(vm)(CarComponent) export default CarComponentWithVm

sn82014248_1925-06-04_1_11_1

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Out In The Open! RIDE A BICYCLE m ' " vog A*e JUST port A BlCYCLC ®So ALt- YOU* FUlENOS omm owe - AMO 1N SCHOOL Ybu CAW'T seT Your mind o*u YovjR. STUDIES FO«* TWiMKUUO ABOUT IT r \ - AMO YOU HlMT AROUMD To DAD ABOUT IT BUT He pays no ATjfNTiow To You , _ I Tup Y0u MAKE REGULAR POWtJ To A -JlTAl* STORE UJIMOou; *tfAZ« AT THE ^CCL Mtoul "*0 -AND THEN - One, DAY Oad says because You’ve Been cood in school. work/aud arouuU the — House ttou CAM Jl_haus. that wSx sieve*.e “AMD You <50 RIGHT Oouum AMD BUY IT* OH H-H BOV* AiM'T IT A ga r-r rand AMI G L0R-R“FIOU$ iin’t It a Grand and Glorious Feeling When yon hike along the joyville trail to school everv morning on a bicycle? When the gang gets together after school for a spin somewhere bo* fore going home? When yon don’t hate to get into a stuffy trolley to go to school or ran errands for the folks? '. When Ton hate a good bicycle and ride off for a Saturday pr holiday with the fellers—the V cod woods, the baseball lot, the picnic, and all those places red blooded hoys go to? When you fed yourself getting •did and stronger day by day from the exercise and the air and the sunshine? Ain’t it a grand and glorious feelin* to know your pals won’t ride away and leave you, now that you have a bicycle and can be one of them? You can tell the world it m! Your dealer is ready to show you the model you ought to have. It won’t cost a whole lot. See him today—or get your Dad to take you to him—and tomorrow you’ll do what all the fellers do these days— ■ Hide a BicucCe ! Strong Legs and Deep Lungs —health and strength that come from 1 die daily use of a good bicycle. Tour boy—a man in the making—is no _ different from many thousands of others. He wants what his pals have—a bicycle1 Why not bring him in today and pick out his model? One for yourself, too -^everybody, from 6 to 60, ought to keep fit with a low-cost, economical bicycle. The models are snappy and dependable. Hide a BicycCe Strong Legs and Deep Lungs AFIELD BROS. COMPANY Ofebepot Augusta ■— ---jmdit_ — ■ - " - I' --- . Birthday Bicycles There is no smile so broad* so genuine* so heartfelt as the smile of a youngster who gets a birthday bicycle. J There is nothing you can give which will afford so much enjoyable exercise* ' hellth, body-building. Costs little to buy one— > next to nothing to keep it running. We have models for everybody—boys* girls, men, women. We invite your early inspection. BideaBicycte During the remainder of this month, we shall offer a 10% cash discount on all bicycles. Brooks Hardware Co, . Augusta jn4fl\t__ ymSTA LOCALS JjJRR attractions X —Thomas Melgh fitT.h.1-* ,n "ow Horn* IhS/iS., «« In “Mlssinj KL’and News Week Pom 2 until 10. Blxers ei callers. Wed wTn,5|?.I,*tma8 club wll *fc?lE*£y •venlng wltfc **W» Maple street, Hal WinwtH® f*cotnbe has re Stter . V®8 at the Hersey shoe jj^days* absence, due Barnekov, who has Qtoju *®v*ral weeks in New to*'hi .pawing a few days at ;^th* clty jES^nal meeting of the 14*14 * Agricultural society Wind,-: tbe Fair Grounds at ». sf/r> Saturday. June 6th, !• i<N^wN0TICE ■ "'•if biSL. Augusta Grange i Wkht Douglas’ music, few 1 Jn4d2l COMMISSIONER THOMAS AND SMITH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL HONORED AT BANQUET SESSION OF AUGUSTA TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION President of World Educational Federation Tells of Effort to Raise Ten Million Dollar Fund To Promote Work of International Group for Jus tice And World Peace—Miss Edgecomb Receives Felicita tions on Eve of Retirement After 27 Years as Teacher In Augusta Schools. Speaking of his desire to raise a fund of $10,000,000 for the promotion of the work of the World Federation of Educational Associations, Dr. Au gustus O. Thomas, State commissioner of Education and president of the World Federation, at a banquet given in his honor Wednesday evening at the Cony High school lunchroom, declared that several millions of dollars have already been raised for this purpose by the pledges of Individuals and that there is little doubt that the entire umount will be forthcoming. Dr. Thomas stated that it is his be lief that the 6,000,000 teachers of the world can by their united efforts so educate the 250,000,000 children over whom they are placed as instructor*, that justice and world peace would be assured within a few generations. He spoke of the work of the feder ation of which he is the first president and explained the magnitude of the meeting for which 1367 delegates have already registered and at which it is expected there will be 4t least 3000 delegates. The convention will be held at Edinburgh, Scotland, in July, and Dr. Thomas will go there within a few weeks to preside over the meeting. Scotland has raised $35,000 to help de fray the expenses of the convention. One of the features will be a mu sical program led by European mas ters at which the folk songs of the various countries represented at the convention will be played and will be illustrated by talented dancers., This Remarkable Bicycle Mileage In England they believe In getting big mileages from their bicycles. A recent compilation of statistics rolled up by enthusiasms Is interesting. W. C. Smith of Halstead plied up the great score of 31,937 miles during 1924, and only about 2,000 miles of that was ridden In the first two months of the year. In January he rode 862 and in February 1,121. Dur ing September he rode 3,330 miles and in four other months he topped 3,000 miles. W. P. Cook, president of the An fleld Bicycle Club, turned In a score of 11,681 miles. S. Ager, of Saffron, Walden, did 12,492 miles; F. Owen, Jr., Stockport, 12,379; W. Haylock, Bradfordshlre, 19,281 miles; A. Arn old, Sydenham, 11,055 miles; L. J. Meyers, Highbury, 16,040 miles; Pri vate F. Peeke, stationed at Aider shot, 14,322 miles; Miss L. F. du Heaume, Great Missenden, 12,094 miles; Miss E. Clark, Great Miseen den, 12,484 miles, and T. Hughes, Lancashire, 9,219 miles. It- T. Dunk of Stratford, covered 11,366 miles. A total of 11,394 miles was turned In by A. J. Ballantyne, of the Southgate Century Club. F. Holden, of Padiham, rode 11,940 miles,, and a score of 12,821 was reg istered by F. H. Scott, of London. will in Itself be a feature of great educational value as there will be rep resentatives of Haiti, Japan, India, South Africa, all the countries of Eu rope, and many from South America as well as the United States and Can ada. Among the speakers win be Stanley Baldwin, prime minister of England, and the Duke ef York, as well as many others prominent in the political and educational life of Europe, Asia and the Western Hemisphere. The dinner was given In honor of Dr. Thomas by the teachers of the public schools of this city and about 80 were present. Sub-master Harri son Lyseth of the high school, presU dent of the Augusta Teachers’ asso ciation, presided in a very able man ner. Following the banquet, which was served by Sirs. Ward HolmeB, mana ger of the Cony lunch room, a short program of vocal and Instrumental music was enjoyed, the entire gath ering joining In the singing of well known songs, and the high school student orchestra rendering a splen did program. Dr. Thomas was presented with a beautiful gold mounted fountain pen by Superintendent of schools Fred W. Burrlll, as a token of the esteem in which the state school head is hel4 by the teachers of the Capital City. He responded in a appy vein and promised to write to each and every one of those present with his gift pen from Edinborough. * Attention was also called to the fact that Miss Henrietta Hanson of the Augusta school faculty goes to California shortly as the Maine dele dagte to the international Kinder garten Union convention and that Superintendent of Schools Fred W. Burrlll is to be a county delegate to the National Educational Association convention, which is to be held in In dianapolis In July. A pleasing feature of the meeting was the presentation to Mi$s Ada E. Edgecomb of a beautiful Nutting picture. Miss Edgecomb, who has taught for 27 years in the city Bchools, is soon to be married and in making the presentation Superinten- j dent Burrill, representing the teach ers, spoke of her wonderful influence tor good upon a great number of boys and girls who have been taught by her. He expressed his hope that her honeymoon might last forever and that while she is away she will remember he many friends upon the staff of the Augusta public schools. Miss Edgecomb, in a most fitting manner expressed her thanks and appreciation of the spirit which had prompted the gift and promised to think of her friends as Mr. Burrill has urged. The lunch room was beautifully decorated.with apple blossoms, wild flowers and ferns, the work being done by Miss Mary Bunker and Miss Verna Norton of the Cony high school faculty. Pretty place cards upon the table were the work of Miss Tetreault’s art class. Several Features For Kiwanis Luncheon Today The Augusta Kiwanis club will meet for its regular luncheon session this noon at tjie Girls Community club. Fred Rundlette. chairman of the program committee for the meet ing today, has arranged several ex ceptional features. Dr. Augustus O. Thomas, Maine commissioner of edu cation and a member of the club, will be the principal speaker. The Cony High school orchestra of 16 pieces will furnish instrumental music dur ing the luncheon hour, and Keith Ryan will render vocal solo selec tions. Everett V. Perkins, principal of Cony High school and president of the Augusta Rotary club, will be the special guest and will probably be called upon for remarks. Funeral of Mrs. Maria Cilley F’unergl services for the late Mrs. Maria Cilley were conducted at St. Mary’s Catholic church at 8 o’clock Wednesday forenoon by the Rev. Thomas J. McLaughlin. The re mains were sent to Biddeford where interment will be made. The remains of the late Norman Matheson, who died Monday evening as the result of an automobile acci dent on the Bond Brook road, this city, were taken to his former home In Quincy, Mass., Wednesday after noon, accompanied by a brother, John Matheson. The Helping Hand Sewing Circle will meet this Thursday afternoon with Mrs. Alice Young, 19 School street. Members are to bring snips. Miss Clarinda Cloutier Is able to be out after two weeks Illness fol lowing an operation for the removal of her tonsils. T’AIN’T SO! It is the impression that Legion and auxiliary Members require invitationa to gain admittance to the Legion dancing party at Le gion Hall next Monday evening. T'AIN’T SO! Members who wish to invite friends, however, may secure invitations for them at Soule’s Emporium, Coughlin’s or The Flower Shop. TEAMWORK OF HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS MAKING MAINE THE “HEALTHIEST STATE” Statement Issued From Office of Maine Public Health As sociation Plans Credit For State’s Leadership With Citi zens and Civic and Profes sional Groups Credit for the splendid showing which Maine is making in compari soa-wlth other stales east of the l Mississippi and south of the Great Lakes in the matter of health, was unhesitatingly given yesterday to a large group of Maine organizations and individuals in a statement isued from the office of the Maine Public Health Association. "We are naturally encouraged at the outcome of a study of national and state statistics which show sub stantial progress in Maine’s fight to become the 'healthiest state’ ” the an nouncement reads. w "These figures which show that the average length of life—or, in other words, the average age at death—for the year 1923 is 62.5 years in Maine as compared with 44.9 years Tor the United States are grat ifying. So are the figures which show that only five states exceeded Maine last year in the improvement in Infantile mortality in rural dis tricts. And every Maine citizen must be proud of the fact that no state east of the Mississippi river and south of the Great Lakes shows as low a death rate from tuberculo sis as Maine. “These comparative, figures show progress. They prove that Maine is following sound principles in its work against preventable sickness. Credit for Maine’s successful effort belongs without question to the splendid men and women and to the Maine groups which are working so harmoniously together in this great fight for health. “Officers and members Of the Maine Medical Association have made a wonderful contribution in personal service, in money and in other ways to bring about this great advance for Maine. In no state in the country does the medical profes sion take such constructive Interest in and give such practical support to this work as we have in Maine through the orgartized medical pro fession. “The State Department of Health —especially through its child wel fare and maternity nurses and its district health officers together with local health officials—has been res ponsible in large measure for the no table reduction in our mortality rates. Maine’s tuberculosis sanato ria have greatly helped in the tuber culosis death rate reduction. “The State Department of Agricul ture—especially in its Pure Food sml Drugs Division and in its work for the eradication of tuberculosis in cattle—has accomplished more than can be estimated in the protection of the health of our people. “The State and local dchool au thorities with their school nurses, school physicians and school den tists have been a vital factor in the reduction of our death rate from preventable causes. “The splendid work which is be ing done ny the Social Hygiene divi sion of the State Health Department has been of invaluable assistance in bringing this result. "The public spirited men and women, including a ' number of Mainel manufacturers who have made isuch liberal contributions for State-wide and local health work as well as those in such appropriat ing bodies as the Legislature, the tpwn meeting, and city councils which have supplied the modest fund with which this great work has been accomplished,—to them must go unstinted praise for mak ing possible this work for Maine. ' The Rotary, Kiwanis and Lions Clubs, the Parent-Teacher Associa tion, the dental- societies, the wom en’s clubs, the commercial organiza tions, all of which have given such splendid service in many local and State-wide health activities have ac complished more for Maine than ever can bo measured. “And last but not least in that wonderful group of men and women who constitute the local health com mittees in scores and scores of cities and towns throughout the length and breadth of Maine,—the value of their united endeavors never can he fully estimated nor appreciated. “It is this team-work, this work ing shoulder to shoulder for better health in Maine, which is achieving the bif result—more health for Maine. Every forward looking man and woman in Maine Joins with us we believe—in this public expression of gratitude to all those who have had a part in bringing about this wonderful improvement during the past few years. Harold Willett of Boston is visit ing his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Willett for a few days. Committed *To Jail On Non-Support Charge Failing to produce 6500 ball after appealing from the sentence by Judge Robert A. Cony, when he was found guilty in municipal court on Wednesday of non-support of bis wife and child, Robert K. Allard of thsl city was remanded to jail to await the action of the upper court in September. Allard, when arraigned entered a pica of not guilty to the charge, trot was adjudged guilty by the court, and ordered to pay 65 a week toward the support of his wife and baby, and to serve two months In the county Jail. The court suggested that the Jail sentence might be sus - FOR REST and ' COMFORT Insist on Having Springs—Mattresses At your Dealers. ^^ii^^jnchlOdt£ HEALTH IN HOT WEATHER means that you should eat our Whole Wheat Bread. Made with the purest of grain, milk and other pure ingredients. Than, too, it’s electrically bak ed which guarantees the reten tion of all the sweet flavor. Webber & Hewett The 8ervice Store Tel. 126 Augusta We’ll Cool You Off! THAT hot weather of Wednee day proved juet how popular our new soda fountain ia. You’ll like the cooling beveragea we serve. ' Better take home a brick of S. A H. ice cream—none better. We keep it in a frigid-air cabinet aa that it never jjete eoft. PARTRIDGE DRUG STORE H. P. Edward, Proprietor Opp. Postoffice Auguata B ^ of famous *HifhVacuum” ^ATTACH MENTIS *. • .with each.Grand Prize EUR^lCA. Beginning.June is~ This Great Offer May be Withdrawn Any Time ^Think of it I A complete $8.50 set of the world famous Eureka “high-vacuum” attachments will be given away absolutely free with every purchase of e Grand Prise Eureka. This great offer is made to impress upon women everywhere the remarkable efficiency of the Eureka “high-vacuum” attachments and their utility in the thorough cleaning of mattresses, upholstered furniture, etc. Order your Eureka today and save $8.50. FREE TRIAL— Only *5.00 Down ontiine**** op xjooimti easy monthly! payments I Phone or mail the coupon today. A brand new .. Grand Prize Eureka wUl be delivered to you for free trial. U you then wishtokeepit—you canpayaslowas $5.00 down belanc easy payments—end remember, you will of attachments Free. Act promptly—as this offer may be with drawn at anytime. ^SIS r. H. Beale rurmture to. 221 Water St. Augusta Phone 1114-R jnwit Thi* Free Trial Coupon Today Sand aa ISSSM! n™— -:-1 pended If the payments were started Immediately, but the respondent did not take kindly to the suggestion and entered an appeal. The firemen at the Hartford fire station were enjoying some particu larly fine' cigars Wednesday, which were the gift of H. W. Bailey as a token of his appreciation of the val iant work done by the firemen on Monday evening in cnecaing me flames In the house at SO Oak street, which at one time threatened des truction to the Bailey livery stable on Winthrop court. Seth Williams nldependent Relief Corpps will hold its last meeting for the season this Thursday afternoon. There will be memorial services tor the departed Sisters. I It'll cost only a nickel I to keep cool TODAYl % A five-cent ice cream cone is cooling for a few ■ minutes. I All day long the cool, refreshing breeze may S blow from an electric fan in your home, store or I office, and it won’t increase your light bill over a ? nickel. I i Hot days this summer—where else can you se i cure so much comfort to yourself and others in 1 your family or employ, for so little cost? You’ll en joy hot weather 1 this summer if you have > I an electric fan to keep I your home or office com-* I fortable. Get it at the I Electric Shop today. ©* * 1AM A Note Of Smartness x • This Season i * Flannel Trousers ✓ With Slip-On Sweaters Grey flannel trousers are pronounced favorites for sport wear. We have them in correct English styles, splendidly tailored and of superb fabrics. Especially desirable for wear with the new slip-on sweater. We have a wide variety of both at un usually moderate prices. TROUSERS $3.50 to $8.00 SWEATERS 98.50 to 815.00.

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天主教絳州宗座監牧區（；俗称：新绛宗座監牧區；中國官方稱為：运城教區）是天主教在中国山西省西南部設立的一個宗座監牧區，直屬聖座。 概況 1936年5月25日，聖座成為絳州宗座監牧區，直屬聖座。1949年，絳州宗座監牧區信徒人數為7,546人、5個堂區、14位司鐸和14位修女。2006年，絳州宗座監牧區有信徒約為10,000人，29位司鐸和40多位修女。教座位於山西省運城市新絳縣北街頂端的高崖上聖安道主教座堂。現時，宗座監牧區處於教座出缺狀態。 歷史 成立初期 山西信徒團體早於1600年已成立，且不斷擴展。1929年當地發生旱災。許多信徒離開當地，信徒由5,000人跌至1,700人。荷蘭籍方濟會會士從荷蘭運來救濟物資，使災情大大減低。 1936年5月25日，聖座從山西潞安府代牧區劃出山西西南部20個縣，佔地17,000平方公里，設立絳州宗座監牧區，由荷蘭籍方濟會孔昭明神父出任首任宗座監牧。宗座監牧區共有信徒約6,000人，設有6個分區，由8位荷蘭籍方濟會會士和3位國籍教區司鐸服務。那時的新絳市內並没有正式的教堂；一切禮儀都在一座原是明朝於1654年贈給耶穌會會士金尼閣的老舊官邸舉行。1936年時，耶穌會轉贈予孔神父。1937年，孔神父在絳州城建造一座規模巨大的哥特式主教座堂，據稱其規模為中國最大的4座哥特式天主教堂之一。1937年還動工興建兩間新的聖堂及小修院。 國共內戰及抗日戰爭 可是，由於中國共產黨進人延安地區及1939年爆發的抗日戰爭，造成傳教工作受阻及教難常生。1938年抗日戰爭期間，胡仰化种父用傅教中心保護一群婦女和兒童，但遭到日軍不友善對待，因為他們慢疑他協助雷鳴遠神父在該區組纖的教友對抗日軍。1938年10月2日，胡神父在自己的房間被殺害，身上還有三處槍。太平洋戰爭爆發後，所有荷蘭籍傅教上被拘禁於傅教區的總部富所內三個月之久。1943年3月，他們再被送往山東的濰坊集中營。五個月後，再被轉送至北京方濟會中國語言學校內。 宗座監牧區由數位意大利籍方濟會會士及兩位由附近傳教區而來的國籍司鐸，協助5位當地的國籍司鐸繼續傳数工作。國籍方濟會會士宋世俊神父被任命為宗座副監牧。 1945年日本投降後，孔宗座監牧和兩位方濟會司鐸回到新絳。翌年，另有4位方濟會會上和4位荷蘭（海爾藍）聖若瑟會的修女到來。1947年時，再有5位年青會士和兩位休假中的年長會土由荷蘭而來，但他們抵達北京後，無法轉到新絳。 迫害教會 1947年5月，中共攻陷新絳。五個月後，卜學隆神父被中共人民法庭判處死刑，遭到殘酷殺害。孔監牧和方濟會區會長曹冠英神父決定，讓傳教上逃往安全地區。可是不久，宗座監牧、方濟會區會長、新絳修女的長上及國籍會士劉克仁神父和三位荷蘭籍修女齊遭到拘禁。由於，在荷蘭有傳孔宗座監牧已被殺，於是便於同年12月15日在他的家鄉蒂爾堡，為他舉行追思禮，然而孔宗座監牧卻仍活著。 1948年中，宗座監牧區內的所有司鐸、修女和修士全部逃到國内其他地方。同3月22日，中共釋放及准許他們返回，還給一他們一座房子，讓他們繼續照顧病人。1949年10月1日，中國共產黨在中國大陸地區建立中華人民共和國，並繼續針對天主教進行宗教迫害及打壓，教會已經無法正常運作。同年11月18日，孔神父獲准回到白己的住所，但醫院和修院已被佔用作學校。1950年10月，孔監牧獲准前往運城及找到平之慎神父和幾位國籍修女。後來，多國籍司鐸回來重新投入牧民工作。 1952年初，聖若瑟會修女退回荷蘭。同年，發生三自愛國運動，國籍司鐸被限制在自己的堂區內。主教座堂及前園被没收，宋世俊神父被判勞改。孔神父獨自一人留在新絳。1954年初，孔神父是少數仍留在山西的傳教士之一。同年2月12日荷蘭籍孔昭明神父被軟禁，2月底被中國政府判驅逐出境。同日，被送上火車前往天津，乘輪船前往英屬香港。宗座監牧區內的教務自動由副監牧宋世俊神父接替。可是，他和孔神父一起遭拘捕後，已被判處25年勞改。 近代 1966年至1979年文化大革命期間，宗座監牧區的所有宗教活動停止。1980年代初，宗座監牧區逐步恢復宗教活動。1982年7月15日，中國政府控制的組織中國天主教愛國會擅自將絳州宗座監牧區更名為運城教區。同年9月23日，鄭守鐸獲地下教會團體秘密晉牧，未獲政府承認。1996年5月14日李宏光晉牧成為助理主教後，鄭主教在市郊坡里堂區服務，李主教則在主教座堂協助教區的行政工作。2006年，鄭守鐸主教和李宏光主教相繼去世，且未能選出接任人，需由8名神父組成的諮議會負責管理宗座監牧區的運作。2010年，武俊維主教獲任命為絳州宗座監牧。 教堂及朝圣地 新絳聖安道主教座堂 新絳聖安道主教座堂位於山西省運城市新絳縣北街頂端的高崖上。主教座堂建於1937年，由荷蘭孔昭明興建的哥德式建築主教座堂。文化大革命期間被破壞，1980年代修復及重新舉行宗教活動。2004年11月15日被列為運城市文物保護單位。2016年6月6日被列入第五批山西省文物保護單位。 坡里聖母大殿 坡里聖母大殿位於山西省運城市新絳縣坡里村，是山西地區的聖母朝聖地。1921年時，建成面積120平方米的教堂，但在文化大革命期間被查封及拆損。1982年修復及重新舉行宗教活動。1997年2月22日，動土重建更大的聖母大殿。大殿以中國宮殿式設計，總面積1200平方米，可容納2,500人。 2000年3月1日祝聖及啟用。 歷任主教 絳州宗座監牧 孔昭明神父, O.F.M.（1936年12月4日-1983年）：荷蘭籍 鄭守鐸主教（1982年9月23日-2006年7月16日）：地下教會團體秘密晉牧，1991年獲政府承認公開就職。 李宏光助理主教（1996年5月14日-2006年7月16日） 李宏光主教（2006年7月16日-2006年12月13日） 教座從缺（2006年-2010年） 武俊維主教（2010年9月21日-2022年5月10日） 教座從缺（2022年5月10日-現在） 參考資料 中国天主教教区 运城宗教.

github_open_source_100_8_19921

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package org.vaadin.activiti.simpletravel.domain.repositories; import org.vaadin.activiti.simpletravel.domain.TravelRequest; public interface TravelRequestRepository extends Repository<TravelRequest> { }

github_open_source_100_8_19922

Github OpenSource

Various open source

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using TOB.Entities; using TOB.BLL; using TweetSharp; using System.Configuration; using System.Threading; using System.Windows; using TOB.Utility; namespace TOB.TweetSharpWrap { public class TOBTwitterO : TOBBaseObject { private System.Timers.Timer _updateTimer = new System.Timers.Timer(); private Random _randomGen = new Random(); TwitterClientInfo _twitterClientInfo = new TwitterClientInfo(); object _syncobject = new object(); string _consumerKey = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConsumerKey"]; string _consumerSecret = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConsumerSecret"]; event System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler _timerEvent; private byte EventCounter = 0; private byte DMDownloadInterval = 5; private byte MiscDownloadInterval = 10; private StatusBO _statusBO = null; private DirectMessageBO _dmBO = null; private UserProfileBO _userProfileBO = null; private List<Status> _insertStatusList = new List<Status>(); private UserProfileBO LocalUserProfileBO { get { if (_userProfileBO == null) { _userProfileBO = new UserProfileBO(); } return _userProfileBO; } } private StatusBO LocalStatusBO { get { if(_statusBO == null) { _statusBO = new StatusBO(); } return _statusBO; } } private DirectMessageBO LocalDirectMessageBO { get { if (_dmBO == null) { _dmBO = new DirectMessageBO(); } return _dmBO; } } public TOBTwitterO(Account acc) : base(acc) { _twitterClientInfo.ClientName = "TweetOBox"; _twitterClientInfo.ClientUrl = "http://www.tweetobox.com"; _twitterClientInfo.ClientVersion = "1.0.0.0"; _twitterClientInfo.ConsumerKey = _consumerKey; _twitterClientInfo.ConsumerSecret = _consumerSecret; //FluentTwitter.SetClientInfo(_twitterClientInfo); if (LocalUserProfileBO.Get(s => s.ScreenName == acc.Username) == null) { GetUserProfile(acc.Username); } _updateTimer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(Timer_Elapsed); _updateTimer.AutoReset = true; } void Timer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e) { try { if (sender == null) { DownloadHomeTimeline(true); DownloadReceivedDirectMessages(); } else { DownloadHomeTimeline(false); EventCounter++; if ((EventCounter % DMDownloadInterval) == 0) { DownloadReceivedDirectMessages(); //DownloadSentDirectMessages(); } if ((EventCounter % MiscDownloadInterval) == 0) { DownloadTwitterLists(); EventCounter = 0; } } } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(ex.ToString()); } } private TwitterService AuthenticateUser(Account account) { TwitterService request = null; if (account.IsOAuth == true) { request = new TwitterService(_consumerKey, _consumerSecret, account.AccessToken, account.AccessTokenSecret); } else { request = new TwitterService(_twitterClientInfo); } if (request == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Request is null for the username = " + account.Username); } return request; } private void DownloadReceivedDirectMessages() { List<TOBEntityBase> notifyStatusList = new List<TOBEntityBase>(); //Retrive the last known max id of DirectMessage in the local DB. DirectMessageBO directMessageBo = LocalDirectMessageBO; DirectMessage maxObj = directMessageBo.GetListBySorting((t => t.AccountId == Acc.Id && t.Recieved == true), (t => t.TwitterId), System.Data.SqlClient.SortOrder.Descending).FirstOrDefault(); //Get all the sent direct messages TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); IEnumerable<TwitterDirectMessage> ftCol1 = null; if (maxObj != null && maxObj.Id != 0) { ftCol1 = request.ListDirectMessagesReceivedSince(maxObj.TwitterId.Value); } else { ftCol1 = request.ListDirectMessagesReceived(); } if (ftCol1 == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); return; } if (ftCol1.Count() == 0) { return; } foreach (TwitterDirectMessage dm in ftCol1) { //DirectMessage directMessage = new DirectMessageBO().GetAll().Where(d => d.TwitterId == dm.Id ).FirstOrDefault(); //if (directMessage == null) //{ DirectMessage tobStatus = GetTOBDMFromTSDM(dm); tobStatus.Recieved= true; directMessageBo.Insert(tobStatus); directMessageBo.SaveChanges(); //Add to notifyable list notifyStatusList.Add(tobStatus); //} } //Throw Event notifying appropriate UI's new statuses are available if (notifyStatusList.Count > 0) { TOBEventArgs eventargs = new TOBEventArgs(); eventargs.EntityList = notifyStatusList; eventargs.TweetEnum = TOBEntityEnum.DirectMessages; eventargs.TOBAccount = Acc; directMessageBo.SaveChanges(); OnNewStatus(this, eventargs); } } private void DownloadSentDirectMessages() { List<TOBEntityBase> notifyStatusList = new List<TOBEntityBase>(); //Retrive the last known max id of DirectMessage in the local DB. DirectMessageBO directMessageBo = LocalDirectMessageBO; DirectMessage maxObj = directMessageBo.GetListBySorting((t => t.AccountId == Acc.Id && t.Recieved == false ), (t => t.TwitterId), System.Data.SqlClient.SortOrder.Descending).FirstOrDefault(); //Get all the sent direct messages TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); IEnumerable<TwitterDirectMessage> ftCol1 = null; if (maxObj != null && maxObj.Id != 0) { ftCol1 = request.ListDirectMessagesSentSince(maxObj.TwitterId.Value); } else { ftCol1 = request.ListDirectMessagesSent(); } if (ftCol1 == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); return; } if (ftCol1.Count() == 0) { return; } foreach (TwitterDirectMessage dm in ftCol1) { DirectMessage tobStatus = GetTOBDMFromTSDM(dm); tobStatus.Recieved = false; directMessageBo.Insert(tobStatus); //Add to notifyable list notifyStatusList.Add(tobStatus); } //Throw Event notifying appropriate UI's new statuses are available if (notifyStatusList.Count > 0) { TOBEventArgs eventargs = new TOBEventArgs(); eventargs.EntityList = notifyStatusList; eventargs.TweetEnum = TOBEntityEnum.DirectMessages; eventargs.TOBAccount = Acc; OnNewStatus(this, eventargs); } directMessageBo.SaveChanges(); } private void DownloadHomeTimeline(bool isFirstRun) { if (isFirstRun) { //Sleep while client loads Thread.Sleep(3000); } //Retrieve the last known max id in the local DB. Status maxObj = LocalStatusBO.GetListBySorting((t => t.AccountId == Acc.Id), (t => t.TwitterStatusId), System.Data.SqlClient.SortOrder.Descending).FirstOrDefault(); TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); IEnumerable<TwitterStatus> ftColl = null; if (maxObj != null) { ftColl = request.ListTweetsOnHomeTimelineSince((long)maxObj.TwitterStatusId, 200); } else { ftColl = request.ListTweetsOnHomeTimeline(150); } //Stress test //TwitterResult responce = new TwitterResult(); //System.IO.TextReader tr = new System.IO.StreamReader("Twitter.txt"); //responce.Response = tr.ReadToEnd(); //var ftColl = responce.AsStatuses(); if (ftColl == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); MessageNotifier.Instance.NotifyMessage("Error communicating with Twitter Servers"); return; } if (ftColl.Count() == 0) { return; } //TOB.Logger.TOBLogger.WriteInfo("FriendsTimeline objects recieved - " + ftColl.Count()); List<TOBEntityBase> notifyStatusList = new List<TOBEntityBase>(); //Keep default threshold = 5. Means dont accumulate thweets for more than 5 and notify UI for this. int THRESHOLD = 5; if (ftColl.Count() > THRESHOLD * THRESHOLD) { THRESHOLD = ftColl.Count() / THRESHOLD; } else { THRESHOLD = ftColl.Count() + 1; } foreach (TwitterStatus tsTS in ftColl) { Status tobStatus = GetTOBStatusFromTSStatus(tsTS); if (tobStatus == null) continue; LocalStatusBO.Insert(tobStatus); //Add to notifyable list notifyStatusList.Add(tobStatus); //The HACK is that we dont wait for all the tweets to throw onto UI. We will make //count tweets existence if equal to 5 or more than 5. if (notifyStatusList.Count >= THRESHOLD) { //Throw Event notifying appropriate UI's new statuses are available TOBEventArgs eventargs = new TOBEventArgs(); eventargs.EntityList = notifyStatusList.ToList(); eventargs.TOBAccount = Acc; eventargs.TweetEnum = TOBEntityEnum.Status; LocalStatusBO.SaveChanges(); if (!isFirstRun) { TOB.Logger.TOBLogger.WriteInfo("Sending NewStatus notficiation - " + eventargs.EntityList.Count); OnNewStatus(this, eventargs); notifyStatusList.Clear(); //if (isFirstRun) //{ // Thread.Sleep((THRESHOLD * 1000) / 3); //} } } } //Send remaining tweets for the count less than 5 as USUAL. //Throw Event notifying appropriate UI's new statuses are available for the remaing tweets for count less than 5 if (notifyStatusList.Count > 0) { TOBEventArgs eventargs = new TOBEventArgs(); eventargs.EntityList = notifyStatusList; eventargs.TOBAccount = Acc; eventargs.TweetEnum = TOBEntityEnum.Status; LocalStatusBO.SaveChanges(); OnNewStatus(this, eventargs); } } private DirectMessage GetTOBDMFromTSDM(TwitterDirectMessage tdm) { DirectMessage dm = new DirectMessage(); dm.AccountId = Acc.Id; dm.AccountsId = Acc.Id; //dm.Account = Acc; dm.CreationTime = DateTime.Now; dm.SenderId = tdm.SenderId; dm.UserScreenName = tdm.SenderScreenName; dm.UserProfileId = tdm.Sender.Id; //dm.RecipientUserProfileId = tdm.Recipient.Id; dm.Text = tdm.Text; dm.TwitterId = tdm.Id; dm.TwitterCreatedDate = tdm.CreatedDate; dm.SortableColumn = tdm.CreatedDate; UserProfile tup = GetUserProfile(tdm.Sender); if (tup != null) { dm.UserProfileId = tup.Id; } tup = GetUserProfile(tdm.Recipient); if (tup != null) { //dm.RecipientUserProfileId = tup.Id; dm.SearchableString = (dm.Text + " " + tdm.Sender.ScreenName + " " + tdm.Sender.Name).ToLower(); } if (MarkAsRead.Instance.IsMinimized == true || MarkAsRead.Instance.IsNotActive == true) { dm.IsMarkAsRead = false; } else { dm.IsMarkAsRead = true; } return dm; } private Status GetTOBStatusFromTSStatus(TwitterStatus ts) { //Return back null if Status is already part of the stream. //if (LocalStatusBO.Get(s => s.TwitterStatusId == ts.Id) != null) // return null; Status retObj = new Status(); retObj.AccountId = Acc.Id; retObj.AccountsId = Acc.Id; // Why do we have creationdate? Is this the local time/date? retObj.CreationDate = DateTime.Now; retObj.InReplyToUserId = ts.InReplyToUserId; retObj.InReplyToStatusId = ts.InReplyToStatusId; retObj.IsFavorited = ts.IsFavorited; retObj.IsTruncated = ts.IsTruncated; retObj.Source = ts.Source; retObj.Text = ts.Text; retObj.TwitterCreatedDate = ts.CreatedDate; retObj.SortableColumn = ts.CreatedDate; retObj.TwitterStatusId = ts.Id; retObj.TwitterUserId = ts.User.Id; if (ts.Location != null && ts.Location.Coordinates != null) { retObj.Latitude = ts.Location.Coordinates.Latitude; retObj.Longitude = ts.Location.Coordinates.Longitude; } //else //{ // retObj.Latitude = 0; // retObj.Longitude = 0; //} UserProfile tup = GetUserProfile(ts.User); if(tup != null) { retObj.UserProfileId = tup.Id; retObj.SearchableString = (retObj.Text + " " + ts.User.ScreenName + " " + ts.User.Name).ToLower(); } if (MarkAsRead.Instance.IsMinimized == true || MarkAsRead.Instance.IsNotActive == true) { retObj.IsRead = false; retObj.IsMarkAsRead = false; } else { retObj.IsRead = true; retObj.IsMarkAsRead = true; } return retObj; } public override void UploadNewStatus(string message) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterStatus status = request.SendTweet(message); if (status == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void UploadNewDM(string username, string message) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterDirectMessage directMessage = request.SendDirectMessage(username, message); if (directMessage == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void ReplyTweet(string message) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterStatus status = request.SendTweet(message); if (status == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void DeleteStatus(long messageId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterStatus status = request.DeleteTweet(messageId); if (status == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } //Remove it from the database Status tobStatus = LocalStatusBO.Get(s=>s.TwitterStatusId == messageId); LocalStatusBO.Delete(tobStatus); LocalStatusBO.SaveChanges(); } public override void DeleteDM(long directMessageId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterDirectMessage directMessage = request.DeleteDirectMessage(directMessageId); //Remove it from the database DirectMessage dms = LocalDirectMessageBO.Get(d => d.TwitterId == directMessageId); LocalDirectMessageBO.Delete(dms); LocalDirectMessageBO.SaveChanges(); } public override List<TwitterUser> QueryUsers(string query) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var userColl = request.SearchForUser(query); if (userColl == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); return null; } return userColl.ToList(); } public override List<TwitterSearchStatus> QuerySearchResults(string query) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var results = request.Search(query, 100); if (results == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); return null; } return results.Statuses.ToList(); } public override TwitterList CreatePublicLists(string username, string listName) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var twitterList = request.CreateList(username, listName, "", "public"); return twitterList; } public override TwitterList CreatePrivateLists(string username, string listName) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var twitterList = request.CreateList(username, listName, "", "private"); return twitterList; } public override void AddMemberToList(string username, long listId, long userId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var member = request.AddListMember(username, listId.ToString(), userId); } public override void RemoveMemberFromList(string username, long listId, long userId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var removeUser = request.RemoveListMember(username, listId.ToString(), userId); } public override bool IsMemberOfList(string username, long listId, long userId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); bool returnVal = true; var user = request.VerifyListMembership(username, listId.ToString(), userId); if (user != null) { returnVal = true; } else { returnVal = false; } return returnVal; } public override List<UserProfile> GetMembersFromList(string username, long listId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); List<TwitterUser> usersList = request.ListListMembers(username, listId.ToString()); List<UserProfile> UserProfileList = new List<UserProfile>(); foreach (TwitterUser twitterUser in usersList) { UserProfile tup = GetTOBUserFromTSUser(twitterUser, null); UserProfileList.Add(tup); } return UserProfileList; } public override List<TwitterStatus> GetStatusesFromList(string userName, long listId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var lst = request.ListTweetsOnList(userName, listId.ToString(), 190); return lst == null? null: lst.ToList(); } private void DownloadTwitterLists() { OnNewList(this, GetLists()); } public override List<TwitterListExtended> GetLists() { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); List<TwitterListExtended> twitterLists = new List<TwitterListExtended>(); var subsReq = request.ListListsFor(Acc.Username.ToLower()); if (subsReq == null) { TOB.Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } else { foreach (TwitterList tl in subsReq) { TwitterListExtended tle = new TwitterListExtended(tl); tle.UserAccount = Acc; twitterLists.Add(tle); } } //request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var listsReq = request.ListListSubscriptionsFor(Acc.Username.ToLower()); if (listsReq == null) { TOB.Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo(request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } else { foreach (TwitterList tl in listsReq) { TwitterListExtended tle = new TwitterListExtended(tl); tle.UserAccount = Acc; twitterLists.Add(tle); } } return twitterLists; } public override void DeleteList(string userName, long listId) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); var deleteList = request.DeleteList(userName, listId.ToString()); } //public override void GetMembersOfList(string userName, long listId) //{ // IFluentTwitter request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); // var getMember = request.Lists().GetMembersOf(userName, listId).AsJson().Request().AsUsers(); //} private UserProfile GetTOBUserFromTSUser(TwitterUser profile, UserProfile updateProfile) { UserProfile localProfile = null; if (profile != null) { if (updateProfile != null) { localProfile = updateProfile; } else { localProfile = new UserProfile(); } localProfile.TwitterCreatedDate = profile.CreatedDate; localProfile.Description = profile.Description; localProfile.FavouritesCount = profile.FavouritesCount; localProfile.FollowersCount = profile.FollowersCount; localProfile.FriendsCount = profile.FriendsCount; localProfile.UserId = profile.Id; localProfile.IsProfileBackgroundTiled = profile.IsProfileBackgroundTiled; localProfile.IsProtected = profile.IsProtected; //localProfile.IsFollowing = profile; localProfile.Location = profile.Location; localProfile.Name = profile.Name; localProfile.ProfileBackgroundColor = profile.ProfileBackgroundColor; localProfile.ProfileBackgroundImageUrl = profile.ProfileBackgroundImageUrl; localProfile.ProfileImageUrl = profile.ProfileImageUrl; localProfile.ProfileLinkColor = profile.ProfileLinkColor; localProfile.ProfileSidebarBorderColor = profile.ProfileSidebarBorderColor; localProfile.ProfileSidebarFillColor = profile.ProfileSidebarFillColor; localProfile.ProfileTextColor = profile.ProfileTextColor; localProfile.ScreenName = profile.ScreenName; localProfile.StatusesCount = profile.StatusesCount; localProfile.TimeZone = profile.TimeZone; localProfile.UserUrl = profile.Url; localProfile.UtcOffset = profile.UtcOffset; //Associate current account id with either User's own profile or Friends User's profile localProfile.AccountId = Acc.Id; localProfile.LastUpdated = DateTime.Now; } return localProfile; } /// <summary> /// This function is only used to get the current user Profile related with the current account /// THIS CODE NEEDS TO BE CLEANED UP AND FIXED. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public override UserProfile GetCurrentTOBUserProfile() { UserProfileBO twitterProfiles = LocalUserProfileBO; TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); //Get current Account's user profile var currentUser = request.GetUserProfile(); //Check if the current user has been added to the UserProfile table. UserProfile localProfile = LocalUserProfileBO.Get(t => t.UserId == currentUser.Id && t.AccountId == Acc.Id); if (localProfile == null ) { // Download profile from Twitter server and insert into local DB //Refresh current user with the latest information from the twitter localProfile = GetTOBUserFromTSUser(currentUser, null); //IMPORTANT!! twitterProfiles.Insert(localProfile); twitterProfiles.SaveChanges(); } return localProfile; } public override TwitterUser SearchUser(string userName) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); TwitterUser tup = request.GetUserProfileFor(userName); return tup.ScreenName == null?null:tup; } public override List<TwitterSearchStatus> GetStatuses(string userName) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); return request.Search(userName, 100).Statuses.ToList(); } /// <summary> /// This function is used to get the current user Profile related with the current account as /// well as related users profile ( Friends, Followers Followings etc); /// THIS CODE NEEDS TO BE CLEANED UP AND FIXED. /// </summary> /// <param name="downloadIfNeeded"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override UserProfile GetUserProfile(TwitterUser tsUser) { UserProfileBO tupBO = LocalUserProfileBO; UserProfile localProfile = tupBO.Get(t => t.UserId == tsUser.Id && t.AccountId == Acc.Id); if (localProfile == null) { localProfile = GetTOBUserFromTSUser(tsUser, null); tupBO.Insert(localProfile); tupBO.SaveChanges(); } else { if (localProfile.LastUpdated.GetValueOrDefault().AddMinutes(5) < DateTime.Now) { localProfile = GetTOBUserFromTSUser(tsUser, localProfile); tupBO.SaveChanges(); } } return localProfile; } public override UserProfile GetUserProfile(string screenName) { UserProfile localProfile = LocalUserProfileBO.Get(t => t.ScreenName == screenName && t.AccountId == Acc.Id); // Download profile from Twitter server and insert into local DB TwitterUser profile = null; if (localProfile == null) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); profile = request.GetUserProfileFor(screenName); } if (profile == null) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Cound not find Twitter user for screenName {0} ", screenName); } else { localProfile = GetTOBUserFromTSUser(profile, null); LocalUserProfileBO.Insert(localProfile); LocalUserProfileBO.SaveChanges(); } return localProfile; } public override void BlockUser(object entitybase) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); if (entitybase is Status) { Status status = entitybase as Status; request.BlockUser(status.TwitterUserId.Value); } else if (entitybase is DirectMessage) { DirectMessage directMessage = entitybase as DirectMessage; request.BlockUser(directMessage.UserProfile.UserId.Value); } else if (entitybase is TwitterStatus) { TwitterStatus tsStatus = entitybase as TwitterStatus; request.BlockUser(tsStatus.User.Id); } if (request.Response.StatusCode != System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Error occured while Blocking user - " + request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); MessageNotifier.Instance.NotifyMessage("Error - BlockUser - " + request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void UnFollowUser(object entitybase) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); if (entitybase is Status) { Status status = entitybase as Status; request.UnfollowUser(status.TwitterUserId.Value); } else if (entitybase is DirectMessage) { DirectMessage directMessage = entitybase as DirectMessage; request.UnfollowUser(directMessage.UserProfile.UserId.Value); } else if (entitybase is TwitterStatus) { TwitterStatus tsStatus = entitybase as TwitterStatus; request.UnfollowUser(tsStatus.User.Id); } else if (entitybase is UserProfile) { UserProfile userProfile = entitybase as UserProfile; request.UnfollowUser(userProfile.UserId.Value); } if (request.Response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Error occured while unfollowing user - "+request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); MessageNotifier.Instance.NotifyMessage("Error - UnfollowUser - " + request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void ReportSpamUser(object entitybase) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); //if (entitybase is Status) //{ // Status status = entitybase as Status; // request. //} //else if (entitybase is DirectMessage) //{ // DirectMessage directMessage = entitybase as DirectMessage; // response = request.ReportSpam().ReportSpammer((int)directMessage.UserProfile.UserId).AsJson().Request(); //} //else if (entitybase is TwitterStatus) //{ // TwitterStatus tsStatus = entitybase as TwitterStatus; // response = request.ReportSpam().ReportSpammer(tsStatus.User.Id).AsJson().Request(); //} //if (response != null && response.IsTwitterError) //{ // Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Error occured while ReportSpam - " + response.AsError().ErrorMessage); // MessageNotifier.Instance.NotifyMessage("Error - ReportSpamUser - " + response.AsError().ErrorMessage); //} } public override void MarkAsFavorite(object entitybase) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); if (entitybase is Status) { Status status = entitybase as Status; request.FavoriteTweet(status.TwitterStatusId.Value); StatusBO statusBO = LocalStatusBO; Status tweetStatus = statusBO.GetAll().Where(stat => stat.TwitterStatusId == status.TwitterStatusId).FirstOrDefault(); tweetStatus.IsFavorited = true; statusBO.SaveChanges(); } else if (entitybase is TwitterStatus) { TwitterStatus tsStatus = entitybase as TwitterStatus; request.FavoriteTweet(tsStatus.Id); StatusBO statusBO = LocalStatusBO; Status tweetStatus = statusBO.GetAll().Where(stat => stat.TwitterStatusId == tsStatus.Id).FirstOrDefault(); tweetStatus.IsFavorited = true; statusBO.SaveChanges(); } if (request.Response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK) { Logger.TOBLogger.WriteDebugInfo("Error occured while setting Favorite - " + request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); MessageNotifier.Instance.NotifyMessage("Error - SetFavorite - " + request.Response.RequestUri.ToString()); } } public override void FollowUser(string userName) { TwitterService request = AuthenticateUser(Acc); request.FollowUser(userName); } public override void StartUpdateDownloads() { StartUpdateDownloads(60000); } public override void StartUpdateDownloads(double updatePeriod) { if (!_updateTimer.Enabled) { // Add random factor to protect against DOS errors _updateTimer.Interval = updatePeriod + _randomGen.Next(-1000, 1000); _updateTimer.Start(); _timerEvent += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(Timer_Elapsed); _timerEvent.BeginInvoke(null, null, null, null); } else { //Already updating ... Ignore request. } } public override void StopUpdateDownloads() { if (_updateTimer.Enabled) { _updateTimer.Stop(); _timerEvent -= new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(Timer_Elapsed); } } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (!Disposed) { if (disposing) { if (_updateTimer.Enabled) { _updateTimer.Stop(); } _updateTimer.Elapsed -= new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(Timer_Elapsed); _timerEvent -= new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(Timer_Elapsed); _updateTimer.Dispose(); } // There are no unmanaged resources to release, but // if we add them, they need to be released here. } Disposed = true; } public override void Save() { LocalStatusBO.SaveChanges(); LocalDirectMessageBO.SaveChanges(); } } }

github_open_source_100_8_19923

Github OpenSource

Various open source

// Copyright 2018 The Oppia Authors. All Rights Reserved. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS-IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. /** * @fileoverview Tests that the user service is working as expected. */ import { HttpClientTestingModule, HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing'; import { fakeAsync, flushMicrotasks, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing'; import { UserInfo } from 'domain/user/user-info.model.ts'; import { UrlInterpolationService } from 'domain/utilities/url-interpolation.service'; import { WindowRef } from 'services/contextual/window-ref.service'; import { CsrfTokenService } from 'services/csrf-token.service'; import { UserService } from 'services/user.service'; import { UrlService } from './contextual/url.service'; class MockWindowRef { _window = { location: { pathname: 'home' } }; get nativeWindow() { return this._window; } } describe('User Api Service', () => { let userService: UserService = null; let urlInterpolationService: UrlInterpolationService = null; let urlService: UrlService = null; let httpTestingController: HttpTestingController = null; let csrfService: CsrfTokenService = null; let windowRef: MockWindowRef = null; beforeEach(() => { windowRef = new MockWindowRef(); TestBed.configureTestingModule({ imports: [HttpClientTestingModule], providers: [{ provide: WindowRef, useValue: windowRef }] }); httpTestingController = TestBed.get(HttpTestingController); userService = TestBed.get(UserService); urlInterpolationService = TestBed.get(UrlInterpolationService); urlService = TestBed.get(UrlService); csrfService = TestBed.get(CsrfTokenService); spyOn(csrfService, 'getTokenAsync').and.callFake( () =>{ return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { resolve('sample-csrf-token'); }); }); }); afterEach(() => { httpTestingController.verify(); }); it('should return userInfo data', fakeAsync(() => { // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. const sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: true }; const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createFromBackendDict( sampleUserInfoBackendObject); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo.isAdmin()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.isAdmin()); expect(userInfo.isSuperAdmin()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.isSuperAdmin()); expect(userInfo.isModerator()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.isModerator()); expect(userInfo.isTopicManager()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.isTopicManager()); expect(userInfo.isLoggedIn()).toBe( sampleUserInfo.isLoggedIn()); expect(userInfo.canCreateCollections()).toBe( sampleUserInfo.canCreateCollections()); expect(userInfo.getUsername()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.getUsername()); expect(userInfo.getEmail()).toBe(sampleUserInfo.getEmail()); expect(userInfo.getPreferredSiteLanguageCode()).toBe( sampleUserInfo.getPreferredSiteLanguageCode()); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return new userInfo data when url path is signup', fakeAsync(() => { spyOn(urlService, 'getPathname').and.returnValue('/signup'); const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createDefault(); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo).toEqual(sampleUserInfo); }); })); it('should return new userInfo data when url path is logout', fakeAsync(() => { spyOn(urlService, 'getPathname').and.returnValue('/logout'); const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createDefault(); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo).toEqual(sampleUserInfo); }); })); it('should return new userInfo data when url path is login', fakeAsync(() => { spyOn(urlService, 'getPathname').and.returnValue('/login'); const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createDefault(); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo).toEqual(sampleUserInfo); }); })); it('should not fetch userInfo if it is was fetched before', fakeAsync(() => { // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. const sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: true }; const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createFromBackendDict( sampleUserInfoBackendObject); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo).toEqual(sampleUserInfo); // Fetch userInfo again. userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((sameUserInfo) => { expect(sameUserInfo).toEqual(userInfo); }); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return new userInfo data if user is not logged', fakeAsync(() => { // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. const sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: false }; const sampleUserInfo = UserInfo.createDefault(); userService.getUserInfoAsync().then((userInfo) => { expect(userInfo).toEqual(sampleUserInfo); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return image data', fakeAsync(() => { var requestUrl = '/preferenceshandler/profile_picture'; // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. var sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: true }; userService.getProfileImageDataUrlAsync().then((dataUrl) => { expect(dataUrl).toBe('image data'); }); const req1 = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req1.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req1.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); const req2 = httpTestingController.expectOne(requestUrl); expect(req2.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req2.flush({profile_picture_data_url: 'image data'}); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return image data when second GET request returns 404', fakeAsync(() => { var requestUrl = '/preferenceshandler/profile_picture'; // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. var sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: true }; userService.getProfileImageDataUrlAsync().then((dataUrl) => { expect(dataUrl).toBe(urlInterpolationService.getStaticImageUrl( '/avatar/user_blue_72px.webp')); }); const req1 = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req1.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req1.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); const req2 = httpTestingController.expectOne(requestUrl); expect(req2.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req2.flush(404); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return the default profile image path when user is not logged', fakeAsync(() => { // Creating a test user for checking profile picture of user. const sampleUserInfoBackendObject = { is_moderator: false, is_admin: false, is_super_admin: false, is_topic_manager: false, can_create_collections: true, preferred_site_language_code: null, username: 'tester', email: '[email protected]', user_is_logged_in: false }; userService.getProfileImageDataUrlAsync().then((dataUrl) => { expect(dataUrl).toBe(urlInterpolationService.getStaticImageUrl( '/avatar/user_blue_72px.webp')); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/userinfohandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserInfoBackendObject); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return the login url', fakeAsync(() => { const loginUrl = '/login'; const currentUrl = 'home'; userService.getLoginUrlAsync().then((dataUrl) => { expect(dataUrl).toBe(loginUrl); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne( '/url_handler?current_url=' + currentUrl); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush({login_url: loginUrl}); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return the login url with the correct return url', fakeAsync(() => { const loginUrl = '/login'; const returnUrl = 'home'; userService.setReturnUrl(returnUrl); userService.getLoginUrlAsync().then(function(dataUrl) { expect(dataUrl).toBe(loginUrl); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne( '/url_handler?current_url=' + returnUrl); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush({login_url: loginUrl}); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should set a profile image data url', fakeAsync(() => { const newProfileImageDataurl = '/avatar/x.png'; userService.setProfileImageDataUrlAsync(newProfileImageDataurl); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/preferenceshandler/data'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT'); req.flush({profile_picture_data_url: newProfileImageDataurl}); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should handle when set profile image data url is reject', fakeAsync(() => { const newProfileImageDataurl = '/avatar/x.png'; const errorMessage = 'It\'s not possible to set a new profile image data'; userService.setProfileImageDataUrlAsync(newProfileImageDataurl); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/preferenceshandler/data'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT'); req.flush(errorMessage); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should return user contribution rights data', fakeAsync(() => { const sampleUserContributionRightsDict = { translation: ['hi'], voiceover: [], question: true }; userService.getUserContributionRightsDataAsync().then( (userContributionRights) => { expect(userContributionRights). toEqual(sampleUserContributionRightsDict); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne( '/usercontributionrightsdatahandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserContributionRightsDict); flushMicrotasks(); })); it('should not fetch user contribution rights if it is was fetched before', fakeAsync(() => { const sampleUserContributionRightsDict = { translation: ['hi'], voiceover: [], question: true }; userService.getUserContributionRightsDataAsync().then( (userContributionRights) => { expect(userContributionRights) .toEqual(sampleUserContributionRightsDict); // Fetch userCommunityRightsInfo again. userService.getUserContributionRightsDataAsync().then(( sameUserContributionRights) => { expect(sameUserContributionRights).toEqual( sampleUserContributionRightsDict); }); }); const req = httpTestingController.expectOne( '/usercontributionrightsdatahandler'); expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET'); req.flush(sampleUserContributionRightsDict); flushMicrotasks(); })); });

US-5019108-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Health savings account system ABSTRACT A method of providing insurance (including professional malpractice liability insurance) to consumers against unfavorable outcomes resulting from services, methods of rating risks associated with services, and a method of reducing the risk of unfavorable outcomes. In the first preferred embodiment, a policy limit is chosen by a patient (or other consumer), a premium based on the policy limit is paid by the patient, and if malpractice is committed by a health care provider (or other professional), the consumer is compensated up to the amount of the policy limit. The consumer signs an agreement that the liability of the service provider for malpractice will not exceed the policy limit. Risk factors are evaluated for the consumer, the doctor, hospital or other service provider, and the procedures that are to be performed, and are used to determine the amount of the premium, taking into account the policy limit chosen by the consumer. CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a Continuation-In-Part of Utility patent applicationSer. No. 10/249,270, filed Mar. 27, 2003, and a Continuation-In-Part ofUtility patent application Ser. No. 11/775,232, filed Jul. 10, 2007(which was itself a Continuation-In-Part of Utility patent applicationSer. No. 10/882,262, filed Jul. 2, 2004, now abandoned, and of theaforementioned Utility patent application Ser. No. 10/249,270, filedMar. 27, 2003) all of which are incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to insurance (including professionalmalpractice liability insurance) to consumers against unfavorableoutcomes resulting from services, methods of rating risks associatedwith the services, methods of reducing the risk of unfavorable outcomes,and automated systems for setting up and using health savings accounts. 2. Description of the Prior Art The United States of America is currently facing a crisis relating toliability for medical malpractice and insurance for it. It is difficultor impossible for many physicians to pay the premiums required foradequate professional liability coverage. However, the “caps” onliability for punitive damages, that have already been enacted in somestates, and are proposed in other states and at the federal level inCongress, are likely to deprive victims of adequate compensation. E.g.,a young person, who is severely injured as a result of medicalmalpractice, may not be able to hold a normal job, and thus may beimpoverished under the proposed caps, because the maximum compensationallowed under the proposed reforms may be grossly inadequate tocompensate for a young person's pain and suffering over a lifetime.There have been a number of prior patents relating to professionalmalpractice and methods for reducing the cost of insurance. U.S. Pat. No. 5,752,237, issued on May 12, 1998, to Julius Cherny,discloses a method and apparatus for providing professional liabilitycoverage to professionals such as lawyers and accountants having largenumbers of publicly traded corporate clients. It would allow theprofessionals or their insurance companies to sell short the stock ofcorporations when the price of their stock goes down due to professionalmalpractice. This would reduce the premiums paid by the insuredprofessionals and/or increase the profits of the insurance companies. U.S. Pat. No. 5,845,254, issued on Dec. 1, 1998, to Edward J. Lockwood,Jeffrey Tarrant and Michael Volpe, discloses a method and apparatus forobjectively monitoring and assessing the performance of health-careproviders based on the severity of sickness episodes treated by theproviders. The rating method of the present invention isdistinguishable, in that it uses other factors besides the severity ofsickness episodes to rate health-care providers. U.S. Pat. No. 5,852,808, issued on Dec. 22, 1998, to Julius Cherny,discloses the same method and apparatus for providing professionalliability coverage as the previous patent, but has different claims. U.S. Pat. No. 5,999,909, issued on Dec. 7, 1999, to Amitabha Rakshit andWilson A. Judd, discloses a method for establishing certifiable patientinformed consent for a medical procedure. Like the present invention, ituses software to reduce medical malpractice costs. U.S. Pat. No. 6,128,620, issued on Oct. 3, 2000, to Patricia L. Pissanosand Stephen M. Beasley, discloses a database for compiling informationfor medical malpractice litigation. U.S. Pat. No. 6,223,164, issued on Apr. 24, 2001, to Jerry G. Seare etal., discloses a method and system for generating statistically-basedmedical provider utilization profiles. The profiles can then be used forcomparison of a medical provider to a normative profile. The ratingmethod of the present invention is distinguishable, in that it usesother factors to determine the risk of an unfavorable outcome. U.S. Pat. No. 6,272,471, issued on Aug. 7, 2001, to Jeffrey J. Segal,discloses a method and apparatus for deterring frivolous professionalliability claims, by paying the legal costs of countersuits for improperprosecution when a frivolous claim has been made. U.S. Pat. No. 6,317,719, issued on Nov. 13, 2001, to Robert W. Schrieret al., discloses systems and methods for providing patient-specificdrug information, designed for use by doctors. The information system ofthe present invention is distinguishable, in that it providesinformation directly to patients. U.S. Pat. No. 6,394,811, issued on May 28, 2002, to Terese Finitzo andKenneth D. Pool, Jr., discloses computer-automated implementation ofuser-definable decision rules for medical diagnostic or screeninginterpretations. The information system of the present invention isdistinguishable, in that it provides information directly to patients,and is not designed as a substitute for the doctor's judgment. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0029157, published on Mar.7, 2002, to J. Alexander Marchosky, discloses a patient-controlledautomated medical record, diagnosis, and treatment system and method.The information system of the present invention is distinguishable, inthat it provides information to doctors and other providers, as well aspatients, and it is related to insurance against malpractice and otherunfavorable outcomes. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0082876, published on Jun.27, 2002, by David A. Martin and David R. Montgomery, discloses aprocess for linking credentialing information with a medical malpracticeinsurance application. U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2002/0087354, published on Jul. 4, 2002, by David A. Martin and David R.Montgomery, discloses the same process, with additional claims. Neitherdisclose the method of rating service providers of the presentinvention. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0194033, published on Dec.19, 2002, by David S. Huff, discloses a method and system forautomatically extracting data and generating insurance quotes, includingthe preparation and use of risk information profiles on clients. Thepresent invention is distinguishable, in that it also includes thepreparation and use of risk factors for service providers. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0009395, published on Jan.9, 2003, by James Weidner, David Preimesberger and A. Peter Kezirian,Jr., discloses property/casualty insurance entities and techniques,which remove unlimited liability and cap annual assessments, whileretaining the lower cost achievable by a claims-paid policy. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0028406, published on Feb.6, 2003, by Frederick S. M. Herz and Walter Paul Labys, discloses adatabase for screening potentially litigious patients. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0267579, published on Dec.30, 2004, by Barry S. Markman, discloses a method, apparatus and systemfor providing insurance coverage and claims payment for single eventsurgical and diagnostic procedures, but does not disclose the method ofrating hospitals and other service providers of the present invention. Japanese Patent No. 57-34265, published on Feb. 24, 1982, inventorYoshikuni Tazawa et al., discloses a medical business system related toinsurance. Japanese Patent No. 2002-132955, published on May 10, 2002, inventorTakayuki Saito, discloses a system for reducing and preventing medicalmalpractice. Norm Andrzejewski and Rosalinda T. Lagua, Use of a Customer SatisfactionSurvey by Health Care Regulators: A Tool for Total Quality Management,1997 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Public HealthReports, Public Health Report 1997; vol. 112, pp. 206-210, May-June1997, discloses the use of a survey to determine quality of service, butdoes not disclose the method of rating hospitals and other serviceproviders of the present invention. Patrick et al., Are Hospital Characteristics Associated with ParentalViews of Pediatric Inpatient Care Quality?, American Academy ofPediatrics, Pediatrics, vol. 111, pp. 308-14, February 2003, disclosesthe use of hospital characteristics to access quality, but does notdisclose the method of rating hospitals and other service providers ofthe present invention. None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singly or incombination, is seen to describe the present invention as claimed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method and system of providing insurance(including professional malpractice liability insurance) to consumersagainst unfavorable outcomes resulting from services, methods of ratingrisks associated with the services based on objective factors, a methodof reducing the risk of unfavorable outcomes, and a method and system ofproviding insurance, including medical health insurance, on anindividual-cost-specific basis, rather than a group-cost-specific basis.The first preferred embodiment is a method and system of providingprofessional liability insurance, with premiums pre-paid by consumers. Apolicy limit is chosen by a patient (or other consumer), a premium basedon the policy limit is paid by the patient, and if malpractice iscommitted by a health care provider (or other professional), the patientis compensated up to the amount of the policy limit. The patient signsan agreement that the liability of the health care provider formalpractice will not exceed the policy limit. Only then are medicalservices provided. Risk factors are developed and evaluated for thepatient, the doctor, hospital or other health care provider, and theprocedures that are to be performed, and are used to determine theamount of the premium, taking into account the policy limit chosen bythe patient. The total cost of the premium for insurance with insurancewith a given policy limit will be a function of the probability of anunsuccessful diagnosis and/or procedure for a given patient, hospitaland/or doctor times the cost associated with the result on non-success. The second preferred embodiment is the same as the first preferredembodiment, except that what is insured against is not only malpractice,but compensation is provided to the consumer for any unfavorable outcomeof the services. The third preferred embodiment is the same as the firstpreferred embodiment, except that the premium is paid by the doctor orother service provider. The fourth preferred embodiment is the same asthe second preferred embodiment, except that the premium is paid by athird party. The fifth preferred embodiment is the system of ratingrisks by itself, and the data bases that are created and maintained inthe system, which may be used independently of the insurance system. The sixth preferred embodiment is a method of rating hospitals for theirrisk of medical malpractice liability. The seventh preferred embodimentis a method of reducing the risk of malpractice or other unfavorableoutcomes. The eighth preferred embodiment is a method of rating aservice provider for risk of malpractice or other unfavorable outcomes. The ninth preferred embodiment is an alternative method of providingmedical malpractice insurance, which is an adaptation and modificationof the first preferred embodiment. The tenth preferred embodiment is amethod of drug cost analysis. The eleventh preferred embodiment is amethod of providing health care insurance on an individual basis ratherthan a group basis. The medical malpractice insurance that is included within the scope ofthe present invention is like the prior art flight insurance that aconsumer bought before getting on an airplane, in that if he (or she)does not buy the insurance the consumer does not get on the flight orsee the doctor. It differs in that the provider (i.e., airline ordoctor) could pay for the policy. The insurance company and/or anyoneelse could also pay for the policy, but the beneficiary must be theconsumer (i.e., the patient or but the beneficiary must be the consumer(i.e., the patient or passenger). Accordingly, it is a first object of the invention to provide a solutionto the medical malpractice insurance crisis. It is a second object of the invention to provide an alternative systemfor providing medical malpractice insurance, that insures adequatecompensation to injured patients, but will not bankrupt doctors or theirinsurance carriers. It is a third object of the invention to provide a system of malpracticeinsurance that gives freedom of choice to consumers. A fourth object of the invention is to provide a system of malpracticeinsurance that may be adapted to any profession needing professionalliability insurance. A fifth object of the invention is to provide a system of insuringconsumers against unfavorable outcomes resulting from services. A sixth object of the invention is to provide systems for rating risksbased on objective factors, that is event specific, in that the riskrating is determined at the point of contact for a particular event. A seventh object of the invention is to provide a method for reducingthe risk of malpractice and other unfavorable outcomes. An eighth object of the invention is to provide an individual ratherthan group based concept for malpractice insurance. A ninth object of the invention is to provide a system that enablespatients to be proactive rather than merely reactive in the medicalmalpractice process. A tenth object of the invention is to provide cost coverage that isindividual and event specific, rather than group specific with noconsideration of the individual. An eleventh object of the invention is to provide a system ofcompensation in which the amount received is point and event specific. A twelfth object of the invention is to provide a system of compensationthat reduces the need for litigation. A thirteenth object of the invention is to provide a system ofcompensation that enables both consumers and service providers to beproactive rather than merely reactive. A fourteenth object of the invention is to provide a system ofcompensation that educates patients, by providing them with informationabout what they are being treated for and how they are being treated. These and other objects of the present invention will become readilyapparent upon further review of the following specification anddrawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the secure virtual private network thatmay be used to implement the first preferred embodiment of theinvention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the initial steps in the first preferredembodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of intermediate steps in the first preferredembodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the final steps in the first preferredembodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the first preferredembodiment when a patient is admitted to a hospital. FIG. 6 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in patient interactionwith the system of the first preferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in doctor-patientinteraction in the first preferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 8 is a flowchart summarizing the steps relating to a wrist bandwhen a patient is admitted to a hospital in the first preferredembodiment of the invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart summarizing the steps relating to a wrist band fora walk-in patient at a hospital in the first preferred embodiment of theinvention. FIG. 10 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the secondpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 11 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the sixthpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 12 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the seventhpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 13 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the eighthpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 14 is a flowchart summarizing a first series of steps taken in theninth preferred embodiment of the invention when a new patient entersthe system. FIG. 15 is a flowchart summarizing a second series of steps taken in theninth preferred embodiment of the invention when a new patient entersthe system. FIG. 16 is a flowchart summarizing a third series of steps taken in theninth preferred embodiment of the invention when a new patient entersthe system. FIG. 17 is a flowchart summarizing a fourth series of steps taken in theninth preferred embodiment of the invention when a new patient entersthe system. FIG. 18 is a flowchart summarizing the initial steps taken in the ninthpreferred embodiment of the invention when an old patient reenters thesystem. FIG. 19 is a flowchart summarizing the concluding steps taken in theninth preferred embodiment of the invention when an old patient reentersthe system. FIG. 20 is a flowchart summarizing the initial steps taken in the tenthpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 21 is a flowchart summarizing further steps taken in the tenthpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 22 is a flowchart summarizing concluding steps taken in the tenthpreferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 23 is a flowchart summarizing the steps taken in the twelfthpreferred embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is a method for providing insurance to consumersagainst unfavorable outcomes resulting from services, methods of ratingrisks associated with the services based on objective factors, and amethod of reducing the risk of unfavorable outcomes. The first preferred embodiment of the invention is a system forproviding professional malpractice liability insurance, in which thepremiums are pre-paid by the consumers. It is designed primarily formedical malpractice liability insurance, but may also be applied tomalpractice liability insurance for other professions, such as dentists,lawyers, accountants or stockbrokers. The secure virtual private network (“VPN”) that may be used to implementthe first preferred embodiment of the invention is shown schematicallyin FIG. 1. Doctors, nurses and hospital staff members may use hand helddevices such as personal digital assistants (“PDAs”) to link to remoteuser personal computers, which are linked to terminal servers (which maybe located in doctors' offices, hospitals or other locations), which arelinked to central servers, on which are maintained the data bases usedin the invention. The initial steps in the first preferred embodiment are summarized inthe flowchart in FIG. 2. A patient (or client or other consumer) firstenters the health care (or legal or other) system seeking care (or otherservices). (Hereinafter, only the medical application will always bediscussed, but the invention may be adapted for other professions with afew obvious changes.) The consumer signs an agreement and pays a fee asa precondition to entering the system. (In the case of a minor, theconsumer or patient's parent(s) or guardian(s) may sign on his or herbehalf, and make the choices explained below for the minor.) Theagreement guarantees compensation for malpractice up to a set maximumamount, called the “policy limit”. The amount of the premium theconsumer is willing to pay determines the maximum amount of thecoverage. However, the patient is initially provided coverage only for aminimum policy limit, for a nominal fee (e.g., ten dollars) which may beconsidered as a processing charge. The doctor may even deduct thenominal fee from the doctor's fee for the initial office visit, so thatit is a “free leader” for which no extra charge is imposed on thepatient. The agreement is electronically transferred to a data base. Theconsumer's payment is transferred to an account. Information is alsoentered into the professional's record files. The consumer now has malpractice insurance coverage, up to the initialpolicy limit, before any services have been provided by theprofessional. The policy limit is disclosed to the consumer and agreedto by the consumer in the agreement signed by the consumer. The following steps are summarized in the flowchart in FIG. 3. Thepatient then fills out a medical history form designed by the insurancecompany, as well as the doctor's medical hospital form. The forms maywarn the patient that if the information provided is not true andcomplete, the patient will forfeit any right to compensation formalpractice. The information provided includes the patient's age, healthand medical history, family history, occupation, life style, habits,work, play, and/or other objective or subjective criteria. (Otherinformation relevant to consumer risk factors could be provided forother professions.) This information is then electronically transferredto a data base. The patient is then given a risk rating based on theinformation, with a certain number of points given for each negativefactor (or combinations of negative factors). The patient's estimatedlifetime earnings are also calculated. The doctor then determines officeprocedure, and that is also transferred to the data base. The office procedure is given a risk rating. Codes for medicalprocedures may be taken from the American Medical Association's CurrentProcedural Terminology (“C.P.T.” charts). Codes for diseases may betaken from the World Health Organization's International Classificationof Diseases (“ICD-9” or “ICD-10” charts). A table may be developed, suchas the Diagnosis Related Groups (“D.R.G.”—developed by the insuranceindustry), with codes for medical procedures on one axis, and codes fordiseases on the other axis. Each cell in the table would represent thecombination of one disease with one procedure, and would be assigned anumber of points based on the riskiness of the combination, with morepoints assigned to riskier combinations. Alternatively, procedures couldbe given ratings based on other objective and/or subjective criteria.(Risk ratings for services provided by other professions could bedeveloped for those other professions.) The following steps are summarized in the flow chart in FIG. 4. Anational data base containing information on doctors is checked and thedoctor is given a risk rating. The data base includes information oneach doctor's field of expertise, malpractice or other complaints madeagainst the doctor, any physical or mental disabilities that the doctoris known to have, and/or other objective or subjective criteria. Thedoctor will be given a certain number of points for each negative factor(or combination of negative factors). (National data bases for otherprofessions could also be developed for those professions.) The risk rating for the patient, the doctor, and the procedure are thenadded to give a total risk rating. (Alternatively, they may be combinedmathematically in other ways than simple addition.) The higher the totalrisk rating, the more costly the patient's malpractice insurancecoverage will be. The patients can choose the coverage they want,ranging from basic coverage to extreme coverage. The patient is providedwith a menu of malpractice coverage. They choose the coverage amount andpay the corresponding premium. For example, for illustration only: Policy Limit Premium $100,000.00 $10.00 $200,000.00 $20.00 $300,000.00$30.00 $10,000,000.00 $1,000.00 A menu of insurance for lost earnings over the patient's future lifetimecould be offered separately, based on the patient's estimated lifetimeearnings. The procedure followed when a patient enters a hospital (or other healthcare institution) is summarized in FIG. 5. If the patient enters ahospital, then the following steps are performed: (a) The hospital's risk is rated. Factors used in determining thehospital's risk may include its size, location, the history ofcomplaints against the hospital or against doctors at the hospital formalpractice, the ratio of nurses to beds, the ratio of specialists tobeds, and/or other objective or subjective criteria. Points are givenfor each negative factor (or combination of factors). (b) The risk of the procedure to be performed in the hospital is rated. (c) The risk for each doctor or other individual health care providerinvolved in the procedure is rated. (d) The patient's risk is rated. The ratings in (a) through (d) are added together to give a total riskrating. As above, the patient is then provided with a menu ofmalpractice coverage, with premiums determined by the total risk ratingand the policy limits chosen by the patient. Computers will be used to calculate the risk ratings and premiums. Thedata bases will be maintained on computers. The steps taken in patient interaction with the system are summarized inFIG. 6. The patient (or a staff member acting for the patient) logs intothe system. If the patient is a new patient, background information anddata about current medical problems of the patient are collected. Thepatient is then presented with a menu of malpractice coverage. A fee iscollected, and the patient is presented with a second menu. If thepatient is not a new patient, then the second menu is presented as soonas it is determined that the patient is not a new patient. Data are thenencoded in a “smart” electronic wristband worn by the patient. Doctor-patient interaction is summarized in FIG. 7. The doctor (or astaff member) looks up the patient's history on the computer system. Thedoctor inputs the treatment that has been given to the patient. If moretreatments are to be given, then the doctor inputs the new treatments tobe provided. If the new treatments will create new risk, the patient isthen provided with a menu of malpractice coverage, data are encoded onthe patient's wristband, the new treatments are then provided, and thepatient is released. If the new treatments will not involve anyadditional risk, then the new treatments are provided without furtherado, and the patient is released. If no new treatments are to beprovided, then the old treatments are again given, and the patient isreleased. The risk ratings may be encoded on a wrist band worn by a patient. FIG.8 summarizes the procedure when a patient is admitted to a hospital.When a doctor first views the patient, he or she may decide to refer thepatient to a new doctor right away (who will then return to the firststep of viewing the patient). Otherwise, the doctor examines thepatient. After the examination, the doctor may decide to refer thepatient to a specialist (who will return to the first step of viewingthe patient); otherwise, the doctor will determine if a new riskevaluation of the patient is necessary. After a new risk evaluation, thepatient will be given a malpractice menu, as discussed above. Whether ornot there is a new risk evaluation, the final step is to encode the riskfactors onto a wrist band to be worn by the patient. The encoding mayutilize a smart chip embedded in the wrist band, or color coding or abar code on the wrist band. FIG. 9 summarizes the procedure when a patient who has already beenexamined is admitted to the hospital on a “walk in” basis. If thepatient has not already provided the necessary information, the systemis logged into, information from the patient is inputted, and thepatient is given a menu. The patient then selects a level of coverage.If the patient desires extra coverage, another menu is presented.Finally, the risk factors are encoded onto a wrist band. The second preferred embodiment is the same as the first preferredembodiment, except that what is insured against is not only malpractice,but compensation is provided to the consumer for any unfavorable outcomeof the services. The following are two possible examples of unfavorableoutcomes that are not malpractice, for illustration only: 1. An orthopedic surgeon reconstructs a limb damaged in an automobile orindustrial accident, but one of the patient's arms or legs is shorterthan the other, or there is permanent scarring or other disfiguration,through no fault of the surgeon. 2. Plastic surgery makes the appearance of a patient worse, rather thanbetter, through no fault of the plastic surgeon. In such cases, the consumer would be compensated for the unfavorableoutcome, even though there was no malpractice. FIG. 10 summarizes thesteps taken in the second preferred embodiment of the invention. Theconsumer enters the (medical or other) service providing system. Theconsumers signs an initial agreement opting for insurance against anyunfavorable outcome (which could be presented as an alternative and/orin addition to the malpractice insurance described above) and pays anominal fee to enter the system. The cost of the services to be providedis determined. A menu of coverage options is developed. The consumer andthe service provider then sign an agreement providing for unfavorableoutcome insurance, and the consumer pays the premium. (Alternatively,the premium may be paid by the service provider or by both the consumerand the service provider.) The agreement is then electronically recordedand the record is transferred to a data base. The premium paid istransferred to an account. Relevant information is entered into theservice provider's record files. The third preferred embodiment is the same as the first preferredembodiment, except that the premium is paid by the doctor or otherservice provider. The fourth preferred embodiment is the same as the second preferredembodiment, except that the premium is paid by a third party. The fifth preferred embodiment is the system of rating risks by itself,and the data bases that are created and maintained in the system, asdescribed above, used independently of the insurance system. The sixth preferred embodiment is a method of rating hospitals for theirrisk of medical malpractice liability. The steps in the method aresummarized in FIG. 11. First, the status of various objective criteriarelated to the hospital's risk is determined. The criteria can include,but are not limited to, the following: the number of registered nursesper bed, the number of licensed practical nurses per bed, the number ofmedical specialists per bed, the number of medical subspecialists perbed, whether or not the hospital is a teaching hospital, the number ofhours worked per week by medical residents, the number of hours workedper day by staff persons, the number of pharmacists per bed, whether ornot drug dispensing is automated, the financial status of the hospital,the income-generating ability of the hospital, the credit rating of thehospital, whether or not nuclear medicine is practiced at the hospital,the socioeconomic status of the area in which the hospital is located,how easy it is for the public to get to the hospital (e.g., proximity tomajor highways or public transit), the types of insurance coverage thatthe hospital has, and the policy limits of each type, the occupational,educational and/or social backgrounds of the members of the hospital'sgoverning board, the number of physicians, interns, residents, nursesand other staff in the hospital's emergency room, the types ofinfectious diseases treated at the hospital, and the number of patientshaving each type, the number of cardiology procedures done each year,and the types of other medical procedures performed at the hospital, andthe number of each type performed in a given time period. A point valueis then assigned to each criterion. A variety of possible methods may beused to assign point value. Where there is a simple “yes” or “no” answerto whether or not a criterion is present (i.e., whether or not thehospital is a teaching hospital) a “yes” answer could be assigned avalue of 1, and a “no” answer a value of 0, multiplied by a fixed numberof points. Where the criterion has a range of possible numerical values,the range can be divided into several intervals, with the numericalvalues within each interval being given a certain fixed number ofpoints. Alternatively, the numerical value can be multiplied by aconstant, or other mathematical operations can be performed to yield thepoint value for the criterion. An overall rating for the hospital isthen determined from the point values for the criteria. The rating maybe determined by simply adding the point values. Alternatively, ten or more, fifteen or more, or all of the criteriagiven above may be selected. The seventh preferred embodiment is a method of reducing the risks ofmalpractice or other unfavorable outcomes. The steps in the method aresummarized in FIG. 12. A patient is first examined by a doctor or otherhealth care provider. (For the sake of simplicity, all health careproviders will hereinafter be referred to as “the doctor”.) The doctorthen diagnoses any medical condition that the patient has, and assigns apredetermined code to the medical condition. The doctor may look up thecode in a manual such as ICD-9 or ICD-10 (referred to above). The manualmay be in paper form (“hard copy”) or online, and may also assist indiagnosis. The code is then entered into an automated system, and storedinformation about the medical condition that the code represents isdisplayed on a computer monitor and/or printed out. The doctor may then prescribe one or more treatments for each diagnosedmedical condition of the patient, and assign a predetermined code to anytreatment. The doctor may look up the code in a reference such as theC.P.T. charts (referred to above). The reference may be in paper form oronline, and may also assist the doctor in determining which treatment toprescribe. Again, the code is entered into the automated system, andstored information about the treatment that the code represents isdisplayed on a computer monitor and/or printed out. If the treatmentprescribed is a drug, the doctor may then look up the drug in a manualsuch as the Physicians' Desk Reference (“PDR”), which again may be inpaper form or online, and may assist the doctor in determining what drugto prescribe. The doctor may also look up interactions between drugs ina separate data base. Once again, the code is entered into the automatedsystem, and stored information about the drug that the code representsis displayed on a computer monitor and/or printed out. If the information regarding medical conditions, treatments and drugs isdisplayed on monitors, both the doctor and the patient should be able toview a monitor. If it is printed out, both the doctor and the patientshould have a hard copy. After reviewing the information, the patientmay be able to assist the doctor in reducing the risk of an unfavorableoutcome, by bringing facts previously known to the patient to thedoctor's attention, that the doctor may not have inquired about, andthat the patient may not have recognized as being relevant. It will alsohelp insure that the consent of the patient to any treatment is fullyinformed. The eighth preferred embodiment is a method of rating a service providerfor risk of malpractice (or other unfavorable outcomes). The serviceprovider (hereinafter referred to as “the provider”) may be a healthcare service provider, such as a physician, dentist or veterinarian, oranother professional, such as a lawyer. The steps in the method aresummarized in FIG. 13. The provider is initially given a base line valueof X points (where X may be any constant). The status of variousobjective criteria is then determined. Point values are assigned to eachcriterion based on its status. The base line value and the point valuesare then summed to yield an overall rating for the provider.(Alternatively, other mathematical operations may be performed on thepoint values to yield the overall rating.) Negative point values areassigned to criteria having a beneficial status, and positive pointvalues are assigned to criteria having a detrimental status.(Alternatively, positive point values may be assigned to criteria havinga beneficial status, and negative point values may be assigned tocriteria having a detrimental status.) The provider may be awarded a setnumber of negative (or positive) points at the ends of specified periodsif the service provider has had no unfavorable outcomes during eachperiod. Positive (or negative) point values may be given to criteria thatinclude, but are not limited to, the following (where the letters mayrepresent any constant): excessive consumer complaints about a serviceprovider (with a number of complaints exceeding Y being given Z points),excessive entries in a data base of detrimental information, such as thenational data base referred to above (with a service provider havingmore than AA entries being given BB points), actions taken against theprovider by a governing body, such as a licensing board (with CC pointsfor each such action), censorship of the service provider by thegoverning body (with DD points each time the service provider is socensored), malpractice judgments against the service provider (with EEpoints for each time the service provider is found liable formalpractice by a court), and settlements of malpractice claims in whichthe service provider paid damages (with KK points for each time theservice provider agreed to a settlement with damages). For the last twocriteria, positive (or negative) point values may be given in proportionto the amount of any damages awarded (in a judgment or settlement)against the provider for malpractice. Negative (or positive) pointvalues may be given to criteria that include, but are not limited to,the following: work by a specialist within his or her specialty (thepercentage of time that a specialist works within his or her specialtytime FF), work by a subspecialist within his or her subspecialty (thepercentage of time that a subspecialist works with his or hersubspecialty time GG), participation by the provider in continuingprofessional education related to his or her work (to be awarded HHpoints), commendation of the provider by a governing body (to be awardedII points), and the number of unfavorable outcomes, with the serviceprovider is awarded JJ points at the end of a year if the serviceprovider has had no unfavorable outcomes during the year. The rating may be used by insurance companies, or by the provider forself-evaluation. If negative point values are assigned to criteriahaving a beneficial status, and positive point values are assigned tocriteria having a detrimental status, then a standard premium could bemultiplied by the rating to give the premium that the provider would becharged. If positive point values are assigned to criteria having abeneficial status, and negative point values are assigned to criteriahaving a detrimental status, then a standard premium could be divided bythe rating to give the premium that the provider would be charged. The ninth preferred embodiment is an alternative method of providingmedical malpractice insurance, which is an adaptation and modificationof the first preferred embodiment. The first steps in the method when anew patient enters the system are illustrated in the flowchart in FIG.14. (Hereinafter, a hypothetical company that administers the systemwill be referred to as “Hygiea”.) A patient enters the Hygiea HealthCare System and is given an identification number. The patient thenfills out one or more forms (on paper or on-line) providing his (or her)health history and other information required by Hygiea. The informationis then entered into Hygiea's data base and the doctor's data base. Thepatient is then given a risk rating. Next, the patient signs an initialmalpractice insurance agreement. The patient and/or the doctor pay theinitial premium for malpractice insurance coverage. (The doctor mayinclude the premium in his (or her) billing statement, but the premiumshould be pre-paid at this time.) The signed agreement is thenelectronically transferred into Hygiea's data base. The initial premiumpayment is electronically transferred to Hygiea's account. Andinformation about the agreement and the premium payment issimultaneously entered into the doctor's data base. The next steps are shown in FIG. 15. The patient is given a menu ofmalpractice insurance coverage, ranging from a required minimum coverageat a minimum cost to maximum coverage at a maximum cost. The patient isthen given a menu of optional lifetime earning coverage (that willcompensate them for lost earnings due to medical malpractice or otherunfavorable outcomes) with a range between zero coverage at no cost tomaximum coverage at a maximum cost. The patient makes his choices fromthe menus, selects a payment mode, and a final agreement is printed out.When the final agreement is signed by the patient, it is entered intothe Hygiea data base and payments are transferred into the Hygieaaccount. Simultaneously, a smart wrist band is printed out (containingthe information provided earlier) and placed on the patient. FIG. 16 shows further steps in the process. The doctor communicates withthe patient, either face to face in a traditional office visit, orelectronically or by other means. The doctor determines medicalprocedures to be performed. Information on the procedures is enteredinto a data base. Each procedure is given a risk rating. FIG. 17 shows the concluding steps in the process for a new patient.First, the systems checks to make sure that the steps shown in FIGS. 14and 15 have been completed. Then a risk rating is calculated, and a menuof malpractice coverage is provided to the patient and the doctor. Notethat this is additional coverage for the specific procedure, and is inaddition to the coverage mentioned above. FIG. 18 illustrates the initial steps taken when an old or formerpatient reenters the system. The former patient may have been out of theHygiea Health Care System for some time (and perhaps has gone toout-of-system providers). The patient's medical history and otherinformation is updated and entered into the system. The patient is thengiven an updated risk rating. Hygiea's system then evaluates coverage inrelation to risk and determines the cost of ranges of coverage based onthe updated risk rating. The system prints out (or displays on aterminal) for the patient and doctor a menu of malpractice options andcoverage. The doctor may also evaluate coverage in relation to risk andmake a recommendation to the patient (perhaps to obtain more coverage). FIG. 19 illustrates the concluding steps to be taken when an old patienthas reentered the system. The system prints out (or displays on aterminal) a menu of lifetime earning coverage options for the patientand doctor to review. The patient and/or doctor select coverage. Apolicy is then printed, signed and paid for. A smart wrist band isprinted out and placed on the patient. Treatment is then rendered. The tenth preferred embodiment is a method of drug cost analysis. FIG.20 shown the initial steps in the method. The consumer's zip code isentered by the consumer or his health care provider. The zip code isused to determine the location of the consumer and nearby pharmacies.The local area is broken down by the zip codes of consumers andpharmacies. The consumer may be considered to be the bull's eye of atarget, with concentric rings at fixed distances from the consumerdemarcating zones within which pharmacies may be found. The price that aconsumer is willing to pay for pharmaceuticals is assumed to beinversely related the distance of the pharmacies. A consumer may bewilling to drive one mile to save a dollar, but may be willing to drivetwenty miles to save one hundred dollars. Hygiea may provide a websiteto help consumers make cost comparisons. FIG. 21 illustrates further steps in the method. Hygiea determines thecost of filling prescriptions at each pharmacy in a defined area, so asto make “apple to apple” comparisons. Prices and locations are eachrated on a numbered scale (e.g., 1 to 10). If a reasonable price cannotbe found within an inner ring, Hygiea will analyze the next ring furtherout. FIG. 22 illustrates concluding steps in the method. A computer survey ofthe cost of prescriptions under Medicare, Medicaid, Access, and otherpublic or private health care plans is made at each pharmacy in relatedzip codes. Hygiea's staff perform a survey by telephone of pharmacies inthe area. If necessary, the staff will go to the pharmacies to haveprescriptions filled. They will track the increase in price through thedrug supply chain from manufacturer to wholesaler to pharmacy toconsumer. They will compare the costs to consumers of drugs from varioussuppliers, including pharmaceutical benefit management companies(“PBMs”) and health maintenance organizations (“HMOs”). The eleventh preferred embodiment is a method of providing health careinsurance to consumers on an individual basis as opposed to a groupbasis. The method uses objective criteria as well as actuarialinformation to determine the cost of a range of health insurancepolicies. A menu of choices, ranging from a simple to an extreme policy,with the cost of each, is provided to the individual. This enables theindividual to pro-actively determine the type and cost of their healthcare insurance. The objective criteria include, but are not limited to,the individual consumer's age, occupation, weight, present and pastmedical history and health habits, codes for diseases suffered by theindividual consumer (such as ICD-9 or ICD-10), and codes for proceduresperformed on the individual consumer (such as CPT). The premium for thepolicy is paid for by a medical or health savings account, an employer,the government (e.g., through Medicare, Medicaid or Access), or byanother third party. But the individual would always be the beneficiaryof the policy. The individual may use the services of a health careprovider in making a selection from the menu, but is not required to doso. In addition to the policy selected from the menu, an additionalcatastrophic coverage plan is provided, which is paid for by the sameparty. The catastrophic coverage plan is a nominal cost plan (e.g.,having a premium under fifty dollars) provided to all consumers and usedfor defined catastrophic needs only. The eleventh preferred embodiment allows individuals, businesses and thegovernment to pro-actively determine the cost of health insurancecoverage on an individual as opposed to a group basis. The method cannotbe used on a discriminatory basis, but can be used to isolate the smallpercentage of the population that uses the majority of health careresources, so that the government can design a system to care for thissmall percentage at a more reasonable and controlled cost. (As in thecase of flood insurance, government will fill a need that cannot be metby private entities.) The twelfth preferred embodiment is an automated system for setting upand using health savings accounts (“HSA”). It includes the followingsteps, as illustrated in FIG. 23: When a patient or consumer meets ahealthcare provider, his or her information is entered into a computersystem. The provider uses the computer system to determine treatmentneeded based on diagnosis. The cost of the treatment is calculated bythe system. The consumer is given the option of opening an HSA to payfor the treatment. Appropriate information and material is printed out(or otherwise outputted) by the system. The system may alert theconsumer's accountant or other financial advisor. If the consumer agreesto open an HSA, his or her Social Security and/or tax ID number isentered into the system. Account information is verified by the systemfrom data provided by the consumer and/or the consumer's accountant orother financial advisor. The consumer's income information is enteredinto the system, and taxes owed are calculated. The system prints (orotherwise outputs) any necessary forms, which are signed by the consumerand entered into his or her health record file. The consumer chooses afinancial institution at which to open the HSA. The system connects withthe chosen institution, and exchanges information with the institution.The consumer again signs forms provided by the system, and makes acontribution to the HSA through the system. The system verifies thestatus of the HSA, and provides documents to transfer payment for thetreatment from the HSA directly to the provider, or indirectly from theconsumer to the provider. The system provides the consumer withconfirmation and tax forms (with filing information to consumer and/orconsumer's accountant or other financial advisor) and inputs informationinto consumer's health record file. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to thepreferred embodiments described above, but encompasses any and allembodiments within the scope of the following claims.

US-24369505-F_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Chess board FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing our new design for a chess board, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a bottom view thereof, FIG. 4 is a front side view thereof, the rear view being a mirror image, and, FIG. 5 is a left side view, the right side being a mirror image. The ornamental design for a chess board, as shown and described..

github_open_source_100_8_19924

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package shapes; import java.awt.Shape; import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D; import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D; public class Cylinder implements Shaper { private double w, l; private boolean ellipsiodal; public Cylinder(double w, double l) { this.w=w; this.l=l; ellipsiodal = true; } public Cylinder(double w, double l, double wAdd, double lAdd) { this.w=w+wAdd; this.l=l+lAdd; ellipsiodal = false; } public Shape shape(double z) { if(ellipsiodal) return new Ellipse2D.Double(0, 0, w, l); double archWidth = Math.min(w, l)/2; return new RoundRectangle2D.Double(0, 0, w, l, archWidth, archWidth); } }

lifeandworkatgr02smytgoog_15

English-PD

Public Domain

' Probably there are few questions more difficult of « THE YEAR OF THE PLEIADES. 437 investigation. Everything connected with the ' year was veiled in the most profound secrecy ; and ' ample truths were effectually concealed in the ' most trivial and childish myths. There were pro- * bably several modes of regulating the year in use ,t the same time ; there must have been at least a .ed year and a cyclical year ; perhaps a sacred year known only to the priesta. Hence the lYtb ' of Athyr appears in different forms, as connected * with a fixed or with a moveable year, and this f gives rise to even more uncertainty. Were the Isia connected with a fised year, or with the move- able year 1 If with a fixed year, what was it ? ' Bunscn gives us no positive infonoation on the subject Greswell shows that the principle of the * Juliaji year was always known in Egypt Bimsen, ' referring to the probable existence of a civil and ' of a sacred or a sacerdotal year, says, " there can ' " be little reason to doubt that the Egyptians had ' " a means of marking the progress of the cyclical ■ " year." After showing the absence of any data ' for calculations on the subject, he sa}'8 that " it is * " probable, though there is n-o proof of it as yet, ' " that the details of these" {their sacred festivals) * " were reckoned by the primeval year, in which ' " the 1st of Thoth cooimenced with the heliacal * " rising of Sirius. Biot even fancies he has disco- * " vered two proofs of it ; but they will not satisfy * " anybody." ' " The best eviilence on this head uvuld be oh- 438 haliburton'3 researches bearino [sect. v. ' " tained, if we could get some mors accurate know- ' " ledge of the grecU /clival of Isis. ft lias been ' " already remarked that in the year 70 B.C. it took ' " place a month after the autumnal equinox." ' Speaking of the moveable festivals as affording ' data for calculations as to the nature of the year, ' he adds, " It was still easier to mark the com- ' " mencement of the cyclical year, where, together ' " with these festivals, there were others connected ' " with immoveable points in the year, such as the ' " solstices and equinox." " It was easy to calcu- ' " late these points after nature had ceased to indi- ' " cate the beginning of the year." ' If my conjectures are correct, nature never ' ceased to afford a guide for the regulation of time ' to the Aztec or to the Egyptian. Let us take the ' Isia, as Bunscn siiggeats, as a t«sL The earliest ' date of their observance of which we have any ' record is b.c. 1350, when they were held on the ' 5th of October, and the latest is a.d. 355, when * they took place about the 28th of October. ' Bunsen supplies us, as we have seen, wiUi an ' approximation to the date of the Isia RC. 70, by ' which it would appear that they must have been ' held then between the 2l8t and 24th of October. ' These dates extend over a period of 1705 years, 'and carry us back 3213 years from the present ' time. If the Isia, which were always attached to ' the 17th of Athyr, were held, as Plutarch says, ' " when the Pleiades arc most ilistinct>" and if rr. v.] ON THE TEAR OF THE PLEIADES. 439 it has been designated, the month * when these stars are most conapicuoua, then these ' dates, though varying so much, should approximate * to the time when the Pleiades culminated at mid- ' night ; and the asaumptiou of many ancient and ' modem writers, that the Isia came, in the course ' of time, to be held at various seasons of the year, ' must be incorrect. It should be remembered that ' Eratosthenes only speaks from tradition when he ' says that the Isia were once held in spring ; but * both he and Geminus testify to the fact that, in * their day, the Isia were celebrated in the autumn ; ' and the same thing will be noticed as respects the ' alleged dates of the Isia given by other writers ; * they ore generally connected with autumn. L ' The Pleiades must have culminated 3213 years P*'i^o, forty-five days earlier than they now do. The * Festival of Dui^a, 1306 B.C., fell on the Ist of * October, and the Isia, 1350 B.C., on the 5th, and ' Greswell considers the coincidence as very remark- ' able, and as proving that the Hindoos must have * been guided by the Egyptians, who fifty years b before had instituted the Isia, and invented all ■ their myths relating to them. But 1360 B.c., the * Australian savages must have held their Festival ' of the Pleiades about the 3d of October, and in ' that century the Mexicans must have regulated ' their cycle on the 3d of October, if the Aztoc * calendar was then in use. The some coincidence ■' U found to exist lietweeu the other two dates and ! 21st :^ nn in ' 440 HALIBDRTON's RESEABOHES BEARntO [SBCT. T. ' the midnight culmination of the Pleiades. In the ' first century ro,, the laia, the Australian, the ' Mexican, and probably the Celtic festival of the ' year, or of the cycle of the Pleiades, must have ' been celebrated almost simultaneously ou the 21st ' of October, and in the 4th century of our era, ' must have been almost simultaneously celebi ' on the 27th of October. ' Hence we have a very remarkable procession in ' the Isia, in those instances almost exactly coiucld- ' ing with the year of the Pleiades. ' But it may be said that these are only coinci- ' dencea There are, however, some facts to show ' that they are not accidental When the Isia were ' instituted at the beginning of October, the idea of ' seed-time became attached to them, and the Isia ' were described as occurring in seed-time in the ' calendar. But the Isia moved on in the course of ' time BO palpably, that they were held after aoed- ' time was nearly over. This has already attracted ' attention, as showing a change in the date of the ' Isia, aa well as proving the time of their instita- ' tioD, Couple with these facta what we have ' already seen, that AthjT and Taurus arc synony- * mous ; that classical writers describe Athyr as ' " the month when the Pleiades are most disttjict," ' and I think it will l>e conceded that these ate ' coincidences that at least deserve very ' inquiry. ' But the Celtic race appeal- to have had UECT. v.] ON THE YEAR OP THE PLEIADES. 441 fcara, and the Mexicans one of fity-two lated by Taurus or the Pleiades. Is it ; remarkable that the Apis and Mncvia ' cycles were cycles of the Bull, and that at the end ' the Apis cycle, the Bull Apis was drowned in the ^' Nile ? It may yet be found that the Mexicans and the Egyptians had precisely the same simple mode of regulating their eras, by the midnight cul- ' mination of the stars in Taurua ' I now turn from the calendar of the Egyptians ' to that of the Hindoos, in which we can find ' unmistakable traces of the past existence and * influence of the primeval year of Taurus. The ' worship of Durga is supposed to have, about the • yearB.c. 1306, been borrowed from the Egyptians, »* and to have been introduced into India with the * astronomical theories of Egyptian science. ' I give below two very remarkable passages from ' Greswell's works, which, in connexion with this * subject, are well worthy of a perusaL' His assump- I ' " lIlG history of the cal«ud&r and of ita vanoua ch&ngea liriDf^ ' " nuuiy proofa of thu influence to Ii](ht : uid these diBcoTorit« ara runuug the mcist imjKirtsnt luid the most interesting fniit* of onr nmsaruhes. Who would believe, a priori, thilt the fable of Osiii* and Iiii ■houlrf no sooner have been invented in Egypt, and asao- ciated with ui^rtain rites and ubMrvances there, than that the very um* (able, attended with similar obsorvanoes ai^pialiiH) and par* prtnated by similar changes and oorrections of the ualandar alao, critleally aoixiniinodalo'l to what bad taken jilace in Egypt, in laaa than fifty yoaiv afterwards should be found, mrrply in a diCTetant dMM and under a diSeront name, in India, riiryfjia, Cyprus, Arabia, Oroeoa, and i-laowhere ! in qiiartan al the world grvaUy from Egypt, and bctwcm whirh and l^ypt w« ippnscd Ibnt, at this early period of the hiitury UiouUl I 442 HALrBUKTON's RESEARCHES BEARING [SECT. T. ' tions, however, are open to a good deal of doabt ' The rites of Isia and Osiris, and of the Hindoo ' Durga, are the some as those of the German God- ' des8 of Death, of the Yucatan god Mam (the ' ancestor or grandfather), and of the Fiji god of • Bulu, the w(ffld of spirits. All these deities, with ' Pluto, Ceres, and other funereal patrons of agricul- ' ture, sprang from the primeval festival of first ' &uit3 and of the dead — a festival which was sub- ' sequently converted into celebration in honour of ' a god, and yet still pxesci-ved through thousands ' of years its primitive and peculiar characteristics. ' Nor was the Hindoo calendar based on the astro- • " there coulil h»vo been any communicstion. The l»ct to which we • ■' aUuds, bowever, ia certain ; being attested by tb« evtilenee of the ' " calendAT itielf. ' " At present, M our aubjeot requires, we mlirt confine oaraelTes to ' " the inSuence oxerciBed by Egypt over tti cootemporariei in m much ' " le« object ionnble way ; i.e., aa the centre of knowled^ and sntcnce ; ■ " where all great and uietul discoTeriee, all influential and pcmia- • •' nent change*, in the iirioeiples ur detaiJa of the leokoniog of time, ■ " first took their riae ; and from whence they were extended to the ' "rest of the world." * " It haa been already eiplained that the earlieat correction of the ' *■ primitive oalendar among the Hindoos of antiquity wa* mada ' " *.M. 2699, BG. 1306, mra eye. 2701 : and that the flrat idea of tbia ' *' correction must have been derived from the Egyptian (if eonvotion • "tbatconld be called), which took [ilace in Egypt a c. ISfiO, ten eye • "2667, along with the introduction of the worship of (itiria and ' " Ina ; the proof of this connexion between the Egyptian corroctian ' " of earlier and the Hindoo one of later date being lupplied by th« • **(act that the Hindoo correction was attaohed to the 17th of the • •■ primitiTe Athyr, lera cyo. 2057 ; and that the Indian correction •'■waa aasoctated from that time forward with the wonfaip of • " DeuuiLt and Durga, aa the Egyjitian waa with that of Osiria and • " Ilia ; and that the Indian Deuniia and Durga were abaoln(«ly the • "aame kind of conceptioiu a.ad impeivanatioiii in India «■ Oifc<> • "and laia in E^ypt." ' fSECT. v.] ON THE YKAR UF THE PLEIADES. 443 I ' nomical scienco of the Egyptians ; the argoments ' in favour of such a view would connect the calen- ' dar of the Austnilians, the Pacific Islanders, the ' Mexicans, and the Celts with that of the Egyptians. ' This primeval calendar, with all ita universal ' myths, was a heritage of all nations, and derived ' from the same common source to which the Egyp- * tians owed their knowledge of the primitive year. ' It appears that prior to b.0. 1306, the Hindoo ' festival of Durga, then attached as now to the I-* autumnal equinox, and to the ninth day of the r moon, had been regulated by some other system. ' From that time forth the new year's festival of Durga ceased to bo regulated by the Pleiades, and ' became fixed by its relation to the tropical year. ' Let us suppose that the year having been sidereal, and therefore progressive, the new year's festival became fixed. It ia manifest that unless the * original system of the calendar were also changed, ' the months would still move onward as before, and ' the first month in 2000 years would become the ' Bocond month, and the last mouth would become ' the fiiBt This is exactly what we find to bo the * case. In B.C. 1306, the months first obtained their ' names, but these names the Hindoos state had re- ' ference to contemporary aatronomical phenomena. This Bentley assumes to have been the case. At that date, Cartica or Cartiguey, the month of the Pleiades, was the first month, and coincided then with our present October. Bailly, as we have seen, nation ion of I 444 haliburton's reseabches bearing [sect. t. ' su^ests that when that name was impoBed, the ' year must have been in some way regulated by the ' riBing or setting of the Pleiades in Cartica. I have ' already conjectured that Carticeya, the Hindoo god ' of war, was a mythical embodiment of the year of ' the Pleiades, and this I inferred solely from his ' name (which has apparently escaped observation ' hitherto) and from his emblems as they are given ' to us by Sir William Jones. ' But little question can exist that my conji ' is correct, as when it was made, the connexion ' Carticeya with the beginning of the Hindoo year ' and with the month of Cartica was imknown to ' me. " Mr. Bentley has mentioned several facts ' " connected with this month, and under this name, ' " from which we may infer that it must have re- ' " ceived its name at this time, or have been sup- ' " posed to have done so. He tells us that to render ' " this designation of Kartika, as the first month, ' " the more remarkable, and the more effectually ' " perpetuate the memory of it, they fabled the b ' " of Kartikeya, the Hindoo Mars, or God of Wl ' " in this month, whom he considers neverthel) ' " only a personification of the year, as beginning ' " in this month." ' " We may perceive a reason for connecting the ' " birth of their Mars with the autumnal equinox, ' " because that was the beginning of the military ' " season in India," On this point I trust a very ' different solution, suggested by rae, will nth, ' m ilesB I rust a very J p. v.] >{ TnS TEAR OF THE PLEIADES. * considered less satisfactory than that which I ' have quoted. At the festival of Kartikejra at ' beginning of October, " it was usual to represent . * " him riding on a peacock ; which Mr. Bentley ex- I * " plains of his leading on the year, followed by the ' " stars and planets in his train ; and various ' " epithets were familiarly applied to him, all ' " founded on the same supposition of the relation of ' " priority or precedence, in which he stood to the ' *' year, and to everything most closely connected ' ' " with the year." I ' Hence, we find that B.c. 1306, when the Pleiadea ' culminated at midnight at the beginning of Octo- ' ber, the Hindoo year began with the month of the * Pleiades ; and that then, or soon after the festival I * of Carticeya, the god of the Pleiadea was fixed at ^■* the beginning of Cartica, and was a new year's ' festival, Under these circumstances, after all that ' we have seen tending to this conclusion, it is * difficult to avoid the inference, that as the Austra- W* lians must have celebrated their festival of the ^'Pleiades B.C. 1306, at the time that the Hindoos ' held their festival of the God of the Pleiades, they * were each using a primitive calendar, which must ' have been inherited from a common source by the * Egyj>tians, tfte Hindoos, the Aztecs, and the Atu- ' traliaris. ' But it is manifest that the Hindoo calendar still ' bears the evidence of its having been originally ' baaed on a sidereal and progressive year. Id spite 446 halibubton's reseubcbes bearing [seoi * of the new year's festival becoming fixed to 1 ' autumnal equinox, the months have actually moved ' on in an equal ratio with the procession of the ' year of the Pleiades. Cartica, which began about ' the time of the cnbnination of the Pleiades at ' midnight, ac. 1306, {.e. at the beginning of October, ' now begins in the middle of November in the ' Carnatic calendar, and in other instances near the ' time of the acronycal rising of the Pleiades, about ' the 19th of October. It has ceased to he the first, * and has become the second month ; and Aawina, ' the twelfth month of the year 3000 years ago, is ' now the first month. ' Nor was this progressive character of the ' calendar unknown to the Hindoos, who, however, ' like the Egyptians, and most nations of antiquity, ' for some strange reason, involved the subject in ' myths probably often unintelligible to the initiated ' themselves. * Sir William Jones says, " Although M. de Gentil ' " assures us that the modem Hindoos believe a ' " complete revolution of the stars to be made in ' " 2400 years, or 44 seconds of a degree to be ' " passed in one year, yet we have reason to think ' " that the old Indian astronomers had made a more ' " accurate calculation, but concealed their know- ' " ledge from the people under the veil of 14 Men- ' " loantaras, 71 divine ages, compound cycles and ' " years of difiercnt sorts, fi-om these of Brahma, to ' " those of Patala or the infernal regions." 1 liiauiuOf wj ■ ?. v.] ON THE YEAR OF THE PLEIADES. 447 ' Sir William Jones su^^csts that many Hindoo ' myths will be found to be astronomical truths, ' veOed under a garb of mystery, and he cites the * following myth as probably referring to their ' calendar : — * They believe that " in every 1000 divine ages, ' " or in every day of Brama, 14 Menus are suc- * " cesaively invested with the sovereignty of the Ha "earth; each Menu, they suppose, transmits his ^B " empire to his sons and grandsons, during a period ^h" of 71 divine ages ; and such a period they call a ^B ** Menwantara." ^* ' Let US apply the primitive year of the Pleiades ' to this enigma, and the solution is perfectly clear. * In every 1000 years 14 dai/a are gained, and 1 (day is gained in every 71 years. ' Hence it is plain that this must have referred to B sidereal year, which, it is equally evident, must have been the primitive year of the Pleiadea 'The same conclusions to which we have been ' led by an analysis of the dates of the festival that ' marked the season of " the Pleiades above," will * follow also, I believe, from a careful examination of ' the times of observance of the second festival As ' lar as I have had data to guide me, I have found ' that in remote antiquity, in several instances, the ' latter was held more than a month earlier than the I date assigned to it at the beginning of our era ; f and that hence it must have shared in the pro- * gressive tendency of the primitive year. 448 HAUBURTON ON THE PLEIADES YBAJL [SECT. V. * I believe it will be found that the evidence of ' the lunax and sidereal mansions of the ancients ^ tends also in the same direction, as they seem to ^ evince this progressive character in relation to the ' seasons^ and to the natural year. For instance, * Cartica (the Pleiades) which was once the firsts is * now the third Hindoo mansion. But this is a ' matter which I must leave to astronomers, or at ' least must teaerve any further remarks for a fatuie ^ occasion.' SIZE AND FIGURE OF THE EARTH ; by the Ordnanos Survbt Officebs. Ik the course of 1866 a noble volume was pub* lished by the Ordnance Survey Office at South- ampton, under the direction of Colonel Sir Henry James, RE., professing only to give 'comparisons * of the standards of length of England, France, * Belgium, Prussia, Russia, India, and Australia.' This was indeed, in itself, a most important work for perfecting our knowledge of the size and shape of the earth ; for the standards alluded to were the standard bars of reference employed by each of the above-named countries^ in their measures of arcs of the meridian in their respective parts of the world ; and they had never been thus directly and collec- tively compared before. The comparisons appear to have been conducted with unrivalled skill by Captain A. R Clarke, RE. ; and after he had brought his long labours therein to a successful conclusion, he appears^ with all the zeal that might be expected from an accomplished mathematician, to have hastened to employ usefully these new and most exact data in correcting, where VOL. IL 2 F 450 ORDNANCE SURVEY'S SIZE [SECT. V. necessaiy, the results of all foimer arc-of-tbe-meridian measures ; and thence deducing anew the chief elements for the size and figure of the earth. Working as the learned Captain has done in this instance, with better and fuller materials than any of his predecessors, his results on this occasion must claim more confidence than any which have ever been put before the public ; and they stand thus, — ELEMENTS OF THE FIGURE OF THE EARTH. BriMih inehflt. Franeh metrai Polar semi-axis, . . . . « 260,241,148* - 6,356,068- Equatorial semi-aziB in longitude 16^34' East, .... - 261,116,200* - 6,378,294* Equatorial semi-axis in longitude 106^" 34' East, ...» 261,030,664* « 6,376,860- The Equatorial compression henoe arising . . m 1 .- 8270* The greatest Polar compression being . at 1 . 313* The least „ „ . . . b 1~ 286* The mean „ „ nearly ■> 1 — 300* Hence, too, it is computed, that the meridian quadrant passing through Paris, does not contain exactly 10,000,000 times the length of the standard French metres but 10,001,472 times that quantity. And in fact there is another quadrant of the earth, very distant too from Paris, which may put in a Zn for being more worthy tta the mJidka of Paris as a reference for the length of the French metre, viz., the quadrant in longitude 105** 34' east; for that quadrant, Captain Clarke computes to be 10,000,024- metres long. But this peculiar result depending on the last 8BCT. y.] AND FIGURE OF THE EABTH. 451 refinement in the theoretical treatment of earth measures; whereby the ellipticity of the equator has been^ or is supposed to be^ discovered, — and not being very overpoweringly attested to by all the numerical results. Captain Clarke computes these again on the older doctrine of a spheroid of revolu- tion simply ; and then finds, for Britlih inchM. French metnt. The PoIat Bemi-azu, . » 250,261,452* » 6,356,584* And the EqofttorUl semi-axu, » 251,112,744- -> 6,378,206* The Polar oomprestion being nearly . . . . oa 1-294* and where any meridian quadrant wiU contain more than 1000 too many metres ; or show the celebrated French standard of length to be most sensibly smaller than it is usually given out to be. The above few numbers expressing the lengths of the several axes of the earth, contain the quint- essence of all the best observations and measures which have been made towards that end by the whole human race, since the birth of modem science down to the present day. They are based therefore on such an enormous amount of work performed by the best men of all countries, and operating over a large part of the earth, that we may consider that no future more extended surveys are likely to alter the statements much. In feu^t, as a pure mathe- matician would like to have the earth described, he need go no further, or ask for no more, than the above numbers representing linear measures for showing size and shape. ORDNANCE SDRVEY 8 SIZE [sect. But in the present day there are growing inqoiricB for something else of another kind ; and therefore Sir Henry James has very properly added a notice on the Specific Gi-avity of the Earth ; stating that Dr. Maskelyne in 1774, by observations on the at-- traction of the mountain Schehalien in Scotland, made that earth-quantity — 4'90 (times the weight of water) ; and that in 1855 a party of the Ord- nance Surveyors under his, Sir Henry James's, direction, made similar observations on the hill of Arthur's Seat, near Edinburgh, and found the earth- quantity = 5'316. Sir Henry James probably stopped at this point, because there were no other cases to mention of the earth's specific gravity being determined by Ord- nance-Survey observations on British mountains. But he has thereby left us with a rather one-sided impression of what the real numerical value of that all-important physical feature is likely to be ; for the Astronomer-Royal's experiment on the subject in the Harton Colliery pit, — in 1865 also, — gave 6'565 ; and the very extensive experiments of the late Francis Bfuly with the Cavendish apparatus, in 1842, gave 6"675; as described in the fourteenth volume of the Memoirs of the Royal Astronomica] Society ; and in the opinion of many persons, form- ing the closest approach to this truth as it is in nature, that has ever yet been attained by any one experimenter. The quantities are evidently all rather rough, in SECT, v.] AND FIGURE OF THE EARTH. 453 spite of their being taken to three places of decimals^ and it is to be hoped that posterity will obtain better and smoother results; but meanwhile we may assuredly expect that the true quantify in fact will be closer to a mean of the whole of the above statements, than to the mountain observations quoted, only. And if we assign half weight to the earliest observation on account of its rudeness, — ^the mean of the whole variety of results now brought together, comes to 6*7 ; which nimibers we prefer therefore to adopt, as the best interim determination for the specific gravity, or 'mean density,' of the whole eartL ON THE SACKED HEBBEW STANDABDS OF WEIGHTS AND MEASUBES. THE SACRED CUBIT. Some preliminary knowledge of this subject is necessary in Mowing out any discussion of Great Pjnamid metrology ; and as the authorities are often not easy to refer to, very various in their condu- sions^ and rather imperfect in one or two points, — a condensed statement of how the question may now be considered to stand, will probably not be unacceptable to the general reader. In each department of the old Hebrew metrology, the names and relative values of the measures, are comparatively easy and certain to arrive at ; but the absolute values, extremely difficult Thus in linear measure, — ^the chief standard of length, with- out doubt amongst all authors is by name the cubit ; and as that word appears again and again in the Hebrew Scriptures, all readers of the Bible feel assured that it does express a sacred measure of length. But the moment we apply to any of the same authors for the actual length of such cubit, in terms SECT, v.] THE SACRED BEBEEW STANDARDS. 455 of some known modern measure, as British inches, — they, the authors, are found at variance with eacli other, and differing in their asserted values, any- where between 42 and 12 inches. The reasons for these immense discrepancies are partly, — that there is, in the Bible, no simple mention upon which the absolute length of any cubit can be at once de- termined ; and, partly, — that in the course of the long scriptural history there inscribed by a series of different hands, during a long succession of ages and continued reconstructions of the Hebrew nation on various models, and in many lands, — two and even three different cubits are alluded to. Hence arises a necessity for distinguishing the dates, or occasions when each separate cubit was employed ; and from such investigation pursued by many cx- plorera, has arisen a very extensive belief as to one particular length of cubit having been, more than any other, the cubit of the inspired founders and I directors of the Israelite people. I What, then, was the length of tJuU cubit> to be tailed, for distinction's soke, as well as of its own light, 'the Bocred cubit?' • The venerable Bishop Cumberland, of Peter- borough, in 1685, — whose idea of Scripture ' weights ' and measures,' is printed as an appendix to many I of the Bibles published by authority in this country, •despairing of any more certain or direct process, — (Bercly imagirted, that tlie sacred cubit must have been the same as the old idolatrous Egyptian cubit ; or the I 456 THE SACRED HEBREW STANDABD8 [SECT. V. and then adopted the only published length of that standard, which he could get, — unfortunately a very erroneous one, viz., 21'888 British inches, — for the length of the sacred cubit of the Bible. The Rev. J. R. Beard, D.D,, in Dr. Kitto's CyclopcBdm, 150 years after Bishop Cumber! haa found no better principle of research or method of discovery ; for he says, plainly and precisely, — ' As we have no unit of measure given ua in the ' Scriptures, nor preserved to us in the remains ' of any Hebrew building, and as neither the Eab- ' bins nor Josephus afford the information we want, ' we have no resource but to apply for information ' to the measures of length used in other countries. * We go to the Egyptians, The larger Egyptian ' cubit contained about 234*333 Parisian lines, the ' shorter about 204"8. According to this, the Hebrew * measures of length were these — * < Sacred oubit, •- 234333 Pariai&D linea = 20-81 Brituh • Common cubit, ■• 2048 Parimui lines » 1819 BritUIi Again, tlie Rev. William Latham Bevan, M.A., in Br. Smith's Dictionary of the Bible, goes over nearly the same ground, adding thereto the deter- minations of several modem German scholars, — very ingenious, though on equally irrelevant data to any- thing either contained in the Scriptures, or connected with the Hebrews; and, — after hinting that the sacred cubit jnay be only 15, and possibly not more than 12 inches long,— concludes finally for s for a lea||J SECT, v.] OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 457 equal to 19'0515 British incliea.' He also dcclarea that its origin must probably have been trivial and unimportant ; being most likely derived from some parts of the human body, as with the measures of other then contemporary nations. Now while these several authors themselves confess that their materials are insufficient for a safe conclu- sion, and do bring out such mutually conflicting, and generally uninteresting results,— it has been a matter of extreme surprise to us, that none of these eminent men have taken the smallest notice of the admirable Dissertation by Sir Isaac Newton on Cubits, reproduced in this volume, pp. 341-366 ; and alike noticeable for the author, the thoroughness of bis treatment of the subject, and the grandeur of the result there brought out for the sacred Hebrew standard — when still further examined by (he light of modem science, as it has advanced tince Sir Isaac's day. One of the proximate causes of Sir Isaac's remark- able success, in having apparently reached the true, and only, foundation on which subsequent investiga- tors can build securely, — seema to have been, — his clear perception of the radical antithesis, in ideas, * Thii ii bjr no meMia • inlitjU'y iiiit«noe uoongat vriton on Hebrew netTolngy, — immediktel; &ttor declAriDg th«t they uo nticertoin to the unoaDt of KVeral unita, — yet adopting >n<l iniiating on one particular laDgtfa, exactly dcfin Ml to the l-IO.OOOth part of odd of the ume unite. But it ii not ui honeat reprMentatiDD of Uie elate of the eubjoct to eel before weaker brethren ; who ar« le<l to bclieva that thpre can Iw bat I&ttlf more to dierover. when the i«qutred length appcan to be already known to the hundredth part of a h^rt-hmadtt, I 458 THE SACRED HEBKEW STANDARDS [SECT. ▼. association, employment, and more particularly, in the essence of length, — ^though their names as cubits were the same, — between the ' sacred Hebrew ' cubit,' and the ' profane Egyptian cubit' The latter he proved to have been very nearly 20*7 inches in length : and our measures on p. 341, indicate that he was remarkably close to the truth. But the former cubit he finds very different, and by his five successive methods of approach ascertains to be — First, between . 23*28 and 27*94 Briiish inohee. Second, „ . 23*3 „ 27*9 „ Thiid, „ . 24*80 „ 2502 „ Fourth, „ . 24*91 „ 25*68 „ and Fifth, somewhere near 24*82. The mean of all which numbers amounts to 26*07 British inches. The sacred cubit^ then, of the Hebrews, in the time of Moses — according to Sir Isaac Newton— was equal to 25-07 British inches, with a probable error of per- haps +'1. And what do we find within those limits, and therefore perfectly without the Egyptian cubit ? Why this really glorious consummation for the geodesical science of the present day to have brought to light (and first through the late John Taylor), viz., that a length of 25*025 British inches, or practically the sacred Hebrew cubit, is exactly one- ten-millionth of the earth's semi-axis of rotation ; and that is the very best mode of reference to the earth-ball as a whole, — for a linear standard through all time, — that the highest science of the existing SECT, v.] OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 459 age of the world has yet struck out» or can imagine. In a word, the sacred cubit thus realized forms an instance of the most advanced and perfected human science, supporting the truest, purest^ and most ancient religion ; while a linear standard, which the chosen people in the earlier ages of the world were merely told by maxim to look on as sacred, com- pared with other cubits of other lengths, — is proved by the progress of human learning, in the latter ages of time, to have had, and still to have, a philo- sophic merit about it, which no men or nations at the time it was first produced, or within several thousand years thereof, could have possibly thought of for themselves. Hence we feel bound to give a fair hypothetic trial, connected with all Hebrew weights and measures, to Sir Isaac Newton's length of the sacred cubit, — say 25*025 British inches, — and to its being the necessary beginning, exponent, example, and in- separable accompaniment everywhere of the sacred system. If we are wrong in so doing ; t.e., if the length given above is not the real length of the sacred cubit, nor anything at all near it^ — we shall soon be convicted of our error, on attempting to deduce the sacred Hebrew measures of weight and capacity therefrom ; instead of from the 22*, or 19*, or 1 6 ', inch cubits of other men. But if we are right, something else, also noble and pointedly convincing of a more than human origin, for those measures, may be expected to appear. Let us first however 460 THE SACRED HEBREW STANDARDS [SECT. V. inquire what general investknttion may have been dolg in tbe^Uer di^ of the Ijeot SACRED HEBREW CAPACITY STANDARD. John Taylor has shown very successfully^ that the Hebrew weights were derived from their capa- city measures, or from the contents of those vessels when filled with rain-water. And as the Bible informs us that the ' bath/ or capacity measure for liquids, was the same as the ' ephah/ or capacity measuxe for dry.goodB,-o«r inquiry is narrowed down to ascertaining what the standard for Hebrew capacity was, in terms of modem British measure. As with the cubit, we find here also that the names and relative values of the difiiarent ancient capacity measures, are eai^ to discover ; especially when the Bible assists us with a remarkable part of the arrangement in decimals ; or that 10 omen « 1 ephah ; mad 100 omen a 10 ephahs « 1 homer or chomer. To these, some smaller divisions have been sup- plemented frx)m the accoimts of the Rabbinists, as that 1 ephah « 3 seahs a 6 hins ^ 18 oabe » 72 logs ; while a more important step in the scale, — not only because it refers to a larger quantity, but because its proportions are stated in the Bible, — has been added by John Taylor, viz., the laver = 40 ephahs * * The Oreal Pyramid : Why was U buUt, and who built it ? ' pp. 164-173. 8BCT. Vj OF WEIGHTS AND MBASURBS. 461 or baths. Hence a complete table of the lelative values of generally admitted Hebrew capacity mea- sures, stands thus, beginning with the largest, — LaTer, 1 Homer or ohomer, 4 1 Bath or ephah, . 40 10 1 Seah, . . 120 80 3 1 Hin, . . 240 60 6 2 1 Gomer or omer, . 400 100 10 dj If 1 Cab, . . 720 180 18 6 8 1| 1 Log, . . 2880 720 72 24 12 7^ 4 1 Many, nay most, of these subdivisions are Rab- binistical only, and not of any direct importance in the sacred system ; wherefore the real problem before us now is^ to determine the absolute value of any one in the series ; and then to pick out the sacred standard. Now here again, at this absolute point of these capacity measures, just as with the same feature of the cubit, comes the excess of our difficulty ; for nothing yet recognised in the Bible has been held to throw any light on the matter. In dearth, therefore of the proper information, some inquirers, as Bishop Cumberland in former, and M. Boeckh in latter, times, make everything depend on a statement of Josephus that an ephah was equal to an * Attic Metretes;* and while some contend with each other on what the value of that measure was, others aver that Josephus was not familiar with the Greek measures, and really meant a ' medimnus.' Others still, prefer a statement of the Rabbinists, — that 1 log = 6 hen- eggs ; and M. Thenius having 462 THB SACRED HEBREW STANDARDS [SECT. V. ascertained their cubical contents by the quantity of water they displaced, and having also confirmed that observation by a reference to the stated weight of 1 log of water being equal to 6 1 barley-corns — announces that Britiih cnbie tachnt. 1 bath - 4*id EngllBh gallons, .... - 1239* while M. Boeckh announces 1 bath - 8*67 Englidi gallom, .... - 2434- and Bishop Cumberland annoimces 1 bath ■> 7 wine gallona 4 pints 15 cubic inches* ■> 1748* The mean of all these very different results, gives — 1 bath, ....«• 1,807 BritiBh cubic inches, 1 homer, . . . . » 18,070 and 1 laver, ....-> 72,280 probably not very teix fix)m the trutL Now John Taylor had his reasons for considering the laver = 71,329 British inches ; and we are in- clined to add, that if, — ^in terms of inches, each '001 longer than a British inch, and of which longer inches the sacred cubit held 25, — the laver should be found to contain 71,250 cubic inches — or abimdantly within the three measured determinations above given — ^it would be most remarkable as an expression for the capacity and specific gravity of the whole globe of the earth, — a problem of surpassing difficulty even to the most advanced science of the present day, yet precisely apposite to the purpose in hand, and ennobling to the soul of man to contemplate. (Vol.

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QlnrupU ICam irl^nnl ICibraty Cornell University Library KFM 144.S24 Maine wills 3 1924 024 683 181 The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024683181 Maine Wills. 1640-1760. COMPILED AND EDITED WITH NOTES BY WILLIAM M. SARGENT, A. M., OF THE Cumberland Bar, Member of the Maine Historical Society, of the Maine Genealogical Society, and of the Gorges Society. PORTLAKD : BROWN THURSTON & COMPANY. 1887. PEDSTED BY BROWN THUKSTON & CO., POBlLAND, ME. CONTENTS. Preface Pages i — vii Judges of Probate 1640-1760. Registers of Probate 1640-1760. Explanation of Contractions. Official Certificates .... Errata Maine Wills 1640-1760 .... IliTDEX, Testators. Other Persons .... Places Miscellaneous . . . • ■ IX • ix. ix • X. xi- -xii • 1- • 894 Pages 897- -901 902- -942 943- -951 952- -953 PKEFACE. RESOLVE in favor of publishing all Maine Wills recorded prior to the time of the separation of the Counties. Resolved, That if the Maine Historical Society shall cause to be com- piled and copied all the wills recorded in this state prior to the time of the separation of the counties, from the records in the county clerk's of&ce, the registry of deeds, and the probate ofBce of York county, and have the same duly attested by the several officers having custody thereof, and have the same printed in one volume complete, with a fnll index, in form similar to the volumes of Suffolk deeds, lately published by the city of Boston, the governor and council shall purchase for the state two hun- dred copies thereof, at five dollars per volume, and that a copy of said volume be placed in each registry of deeds and each registry of probate in the state. [Approved February 25, 1887.] The above Resolve shows the liberal contributioa by the State of Maine toward the expense of bringing out this volume. The Maine Historical Society designated the undersigned to compile, copy and edit the work. In accordance with the terms of the above Resolve this volume has been made a faithful transcript of four hundred and seventy- one wills recorded in the three offices specified, and its verbal accuracy is attested by the several officers having custody thereof. The wills were copied verbatim, literatim and punctuatim, and reproduce also in printed characters the contractions peculiar to the scriveners of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. An explanatory table of such contractions is given below. These wills cover a period of one hundred and twenty years, 1640 to 1760, from the date of the earliest one recorded to the time when York County was divided into separate counties. Until then the County of York had embraced the entire Province of Maine. In the arrangement of the wills that was adopted, the sequence of the lettered and numbered volumes in the several offices has been followed, rather than an alphabetical, or chronological order, although thereby the sequence in time was necessarily disarranged, the earliest will in point of time, that of Captain Thomas Cam- mock, dated September 21, 1640, recorded in Book 2 of the Reg- istry of Deeds, being printed at page 53. VI Preface. The addition of the notes in fine type, giving such dates, names of the appraisers of estates and of persons indebted, and whatever cognate information VFas disclosed by careful examination of the records of probating, is believed to be one that will readily com- mend itself. Until 1687, the recorder of the Province exercised also the functions of a register of probate and of a register of deeds, and recorded the wills apparently indiscriminately in the seven books in the Court records, marked only by letters, or in the four vol- umes in the Registry of Deeds cited in the following pages. But this apparent lack of system may be explained in part by the known facts that some of these books of record were removed from the County for safe keeping during the Indian wars ; and that what is now numbered one, as the first book in the Probate Office, was probably opened in Boston under Governors Dudley and Andros, when they caused all probate affairs to be there transacted, and was for some years detained there ; and that dur- ing these interrupted periods the recorder for the time being would enter of record such wills as were presented, into such of the books as he had by him, or even upon the blotters mentioned below. Note, in this connection, the gap of seven years between the times of the recording on pages 107 and 108 post. Note also that volume 5, in the Registry of Deeds, was origi- nally a book of Court records, and has been transferred to the Deeds oflSce within the past generation. ■ Note also that the wills cited as from " Probate Records 0," etc. etc., printed at pages 36-43, post, occur in separate folios, of different sizes, that were originally kept as blotter memoranda, or peripate^-ic records, and were doubtless intended to be copied at length into the bound volume now numbered 6 in the Clerk's office, which may have then been in Boston. A careful compar- ison of their contents and of their folio numbers, proved, after these pages had been printed, that they are a continuation of said Book 6 of the Court records and that they supply the gap therein existing from folios 40 to 120. They have been long missing, but their discovery in a drawer in the Registry of Deeds office (where they certainly do not belong) has supplied to this volume six wills that it was feared had been lost. Preface. vii Under Gorges' instructions, probate jurisdiction was among the prerogatives delegated to his deputy governor and councilors, and they constituted themselves a supreme Court of Probate, exercis- ing all the powers of the ordinary in the ecclesiastical courts of England. This practice was continued by the justices appointed by the younger Gorges, and by the justices appointed by the royal commissioners. It was so nearly analagous to the exercise of like jurisdiction by the Massachusetts governor and assistants, that upon the usurpation by Massachusetts of the Province in 1652, and even after their purchase of the Gorges claim in 1677, no change was deemed advisable, and estates continued to be administered by authority from local magistrates, except after the revocation of the Massachusetts charter, when Governors Dudley and Andros interrupted it, as above pointed out. By successive legislative acts of May 27, 1685, Oct. 14, 1685 and Feb. 16, 1686, the Massachusetts General Court constituted County Courts courts of probate, with " full power and authority as the ordinary in England," but not until Sept. 24, 1687 did York County set apart the set of records since separately kept in the Probate Office and numbered consecutively from 1 down, as cited in the following pages. It is hoped that the table of Errata, which is conscientiously printed in full, will not be found unreasonably large when allow- ance is made for the difficulty of detecting slight errors in an undertaking of such magnitude as the preparation of this volume has proven. Wm. M. Saegent; PROBATE OFFICERS. JUDGES. EBGISTBRS. 1640-1687, The chief executive 1640-1645, Roger Garde. of the Province, whether gov- 1645-1646, William Waldron. ernor, deputy-governor, pres- 1646-1651, Basil Parker. ident or deputy-president, or 1651-1686, Edward Rishworth. chief justice, with his council- ors, assistants or associates, exercised all the powers of the ordinary in England, and constituted a stipreme Court of Probate. 1687-1693, Joshua Soottow. 1687-1693, Thomas Scottow. 1693-1695, Francis Hooke. 1698-1695, John Wincoll. 1695-1700, Samuel Wheelwright. 1695-1700, Joseph Hammond. 1700-1710, Joseph Hammond. 1700-1724, Charles Frost. 1710-1715, Ichabod Plaisted. 1725-1733, Charles Frost, jr. 1716-1745, John Wheelwright. 1733-1744, Robt.EIliot Gerrish. 1745-1760, Jeremiah Moulton. 1744-1760, Simon Frost. CONTRACTIONS. 1. Part of a word is left unwritten and the omission is indi- cated by a double point instead of the single point now used. 2. Small letters, called by printers "superior" letters, written above the line, show that part of the word is left out. 3. The sign '^j written over a letter, represents er or re fol- lowing. 4. The mark ~, drawn above or through a letter, shows that one or more letters and even syllables are omitted, usually after it. 5. A straight line over a letter indicates the omission of a fol- lowing m or n. 6. The Latin words per, pro, et and que are represented by the characters p, g, &, and q,. Per and pro occur constantly in English words derived from Latin. 7. The Anglo Saxon character for the sound of th in tKis is constantly represented by y, and the character for the sound of tk in •worth is sometimes represented by g. OFFICIAL CERTIFICATES. State of JSaine. CouNTT OF York, ss : Clbbk's Office of the Supebme Judicial CotTBT, This is to certify that the Wills in the printed pages fol- lowing numbered 1 to 43, inclusive, are true copies from the an- cient Court Records of Maine, in my care and custody. Attest : [L.S.J Clerk State of JHatne. County of Yoke, ss : Registet of Deeds. This may certify that the Wills printed in the pages fol- lowing numbered 43 to 101, inclusive, are true copies from the Records of this office, except errors noted in the Table of Errata- Attest : Register of Deeds for York County. State of Jlatne. County op Yoke, ss : Peobatb Office. This shall certify that the Wills as printed in the following pages numbered 102 to 894, are true copies from the Records of Wills m this office, except errors noted in the Table of Errata. Attest : ^y Register. ERRATA. 686 19 line far 692 Sline 693 2 line 720 1 line 722 Sline 729 11 line 738 2 line 741 8 line 749 14 line 764 6 line from bottom after 756 14 line 762 10 line from bottom for 762 6 line from bottom 765 21 line after 767 22 line ** 775 10 line for 778 6 line 779 12 line »* 782 9 line after 787 2 line from bottom " 789 6 line »< 794 17 line for 797 Sline 797 last line fine print tt 802 3 line after 804 8 line for 806 Sline 811 16 line it 811 16 line a^ter 815 Sline It 816 8 line 817 14 lino 849 10 line from bottom for 856 after 19 line 8B6 last line a^ter 880 13 line *' 885 8 line (( 903 add 904 for 1 teBtimony County Joseph Berry these on I eter twoardB ordain herein read portion of do Portions his paid her decent the Elizha my unto Someons's that Land aU oweth insert eocpunge read expunge insert read expunge read insert read expunge read insert read expunge •( read insert 908 " 916 1 line top sec. col. after 916 3 line top sec. col. 923 to 924 of IngersoU *' due " Barns, Joseph, 720 Berry, Joseph, read Cosen, Samuel, 565 ) ^ (second reference) J Halle insert expunge Lewis, Mary add Manson, Samuel " 929 941 under Palmer, Richard to Wives not named In testimony Country II Joseph Bams those one Peter towards order before last proportion a person or hereby Proportions to this her &her Christian this cut Elisha beloved to Simeons's the that my when the owed Benj» Parker j' each late to me Barns, Joseph Manson, Samuel Haly Haly 881, 882 666 ( Palmer, wife I of Richard, 60 Palmer, 60 MAINE WILLS. Court Records, B, 51. Jan vary 7*i> 166i In the name of god Amen, I William Scadlocke of Cape Porpus In ttre province of Mayne In New England, being In pfect memory & vnderstanding, yett haueing the app''hen- sion of death before mee, I hereby make & Declare my last will & Testament, which is that In the first & cheefest place, I committ and Comend my soule into y" hands of god my Creator, redeemer, & sanctifyer, my body vnto the earth, from whence It was at first taken, which being sollemely Interred : My mind & will is/ That w" funerall expences are discharg'd, .that all Legall debts dues & Demand' bee satis- fyd all w^ being done, .the remander of my Estate to bee disposed of as followeth vidz' : That the house Land Marsh & Cattle, with y appurtenances y'^vnto app''tayeing & be- longing, both with In doores & with out, I do bequeath vnto my good and deare wife, Ellner Scadlocke, soe long as shee keeps her selfe a Widdow, but If shee happen to Marry after my desease, then shee to haue six Cows, Two stears, with y" third part of my bequeath aboue mentioned, & an sequall & gportionable third part of y" swine, that were then In being, & the best bedd with everything y"'to belong- ing, but if soe bee shee dy as my Widdow, then all my estate to bee aequaly devided, & Justly betweene the Chil- dren, begotten and brought forth by mee & my aforesd wife/ And if shee dy as another mans wife or Widdow, then these Cows, steers, swine, & the 3d pr' of my bequeath to bee wholly at her dispose/ 2 Maine Wills. Now w'-as It is expressed, that If shee dy as my widdow, then all my estate to bee thus devided amongst our children, by y"" I meane William, Susanna, John, Rebeeha, Samell, & Sarah Scadlocke. I bequeath my bible vnto my Sunn William/ I bequeath ynto my sunn John 3 yd» of broad Cloath, hee vpon that Consideration to buy 3 yd' and an halfe of good Kersey of tenn shillings p yd for a sujte, for my sunn Samell, & silke & buttons vnto both ; I bequeath vnto my daughter Rebeccha my worsted stockings/ I bequeath vnto my sunn William my new hatt, hee bringing Samell another of 10' or 12' prize/ I bequeath vnto my daughter Susanna Mr Cottons workes vpon y"^ new Covenant, of grace : I bequeath a booke Intitled meate out of the Eater to my sun William/ & to my sun John I bequeath a booke concerneing Justifi- jng faith/ & the practice of pyety to Rebeccha/ and to my daughter Susanna a suckeing Calfe Called Trubb/ 1 bequeath vnto my daughter Sai-ah one yd of Holland/ & to the end y' all thinges may bee pformed according to my mind & will, I hereby make Constitute & appoynt my loueing wife EUner my executrix, & my sun William my executor, vnto all which I sett my hand & hsert/ Testes/ William Scadlocke/ Seth Fletcher/ Gregory Jefferys his marke X Sworn to by attesting witnesses and son William, and recorded 3 July 1662; Inventory £96-9^.; appraisers, Mr. Tho; Williams and Leef Ric: Hitchcocke Maine Wills. 3 Court Records, B, 53. The last will & Testament of Edmund Littlefejld DecemV 11 : 61 : First I bequeath my soule to god Almighty, & I bequeath my body to the earth from whence I came/ I bequeath vnto Francis Littlefejld my Elldest sun, & Anthony Littlefejld, & Elizabeth Wakefejld my daughter, all the whoole Tract of Land lijng of the North East side of Kenebunke with the Falls togeather with a Certen quantity of Marsh lijng yp In the woods, betweene Cape Porpus Eiver, & Kenebunke, which is specify d In two deeds, granted by Mr Geo : Cleeue Agent of i\Ir Rygby, which is now come into the Goverment of Mr Gorges, Proprietor of the Prouince of Mayne/ Which Land & Marsh shall bee sequally devided amongst those three aboue specifyd/ I giue vnto Francis Littlefejld Senjo' 10'' to bee pd out of my goods/ I giue vnto Anthony Littlefejld all my weareing Cloaths/ I giue vnto Elizabeth Wakefejld 5' to bee pd out of my goods/ I giue vnto my 3 executors Namely Annas Littlefejld, My wife, & Thom' Littlefejld, & Fran: Littlefejld my youngest sun all my vpland & Marsh att home which is not disposd, & that which I bought of my sun Anthony, & alsoe y' which I bought of Mr Fletcher, togeather with y" Corne Mill & saw Mill, with all my houseing & goods, within doores & with out, togeather with all the stocke & Cattle both small and greate, which shall bee sequally deuided amongst those 3 executors, onely the Yland that lyeth on the South side of Webbhannett River, If the sd Tho' & Francis Littlefejld Junjo'' do both of them pay to Annas my wife foure bush* of Corne yearely for 7 yeares, then my wife shall haue nothing to do with Itt, otherwise if they do not pforme that yearely, then my wife shall haue pouer to lett.it to others, & to expell them quitte out of it all/ 4 Maine Wills. And likewise my sun Thorn' & Fran : Littlefejld shall pay ynto my wife eight bush' of wheate yearely, for y« Corne Mill, if they will not y" my wife shall haue pouer to lett it to any other, & expell them out of it/ And my wife shall haue her third part of the Marsh, that lyeth on the South East side of Webbhannett Eiver ; And if soe bee y' Fran : Littlefejld & Thomas Littlefejld, & Fran : Littlefejld my youngest sun bee loueing & helpful! to y'' mother my wife, then they shall haue all after her desease, otherwise if they bee not loueing & helpefull to her shee shall haue pouer to dispose of itt, w' shee thinkes good herselfe/ I giue vnto my daughter Mary Barrett, and to my daugh- ter Hannah Littlefejld fiueteene pound' a peece to bee pd with in 3 years, fine pound' a peece yearely, till it bee payd/ I do giue vnto all my grandchildren fine shillings a peece W they come at age/ I give vnto my sun John Littlefejld Tenn pound', to bee payd out of ye fourty pound' which hee is to pay for his purchase att Ogunquett/ Alsoe the 3 executors. Namely Annas my wife, & Tho : & Fran : Littlefejld shall haue pouer to recover & receaue all debts/ And those 3 executors shall pay all debts dues & demand', & all portions Legacys & gyfts, which is here specifyd ; My suns Tho : & Fran : Littlefejld lunjo'', is to Improue & till the ground, & thejre mother my wife shall haue the third part of the Corne/ I giue vnto my wife 6 or 7 Acers of Marsh that lyeth at Ogunquet. I desire Mr Ezekell Knightt & Mr Jos : Bowles to bee my Feffees In trust If neede require, to see my will fuUfiUed/ Testes/ Edmund Littlefejlds Ezekell Knights/ Jos : Bowles/ owne hand/ / / // r j Inventory returned at £588: 13: 4, by Ezekell Knights, Jos: Bowles and William Hamonda as appraisers, who were sworn 24'": lO"": 1661. Will recorded 16 July '62 Maine Wills. 5 Court Records, B. 54. The last will & testament of John Barrett Senjo"', being in pfect vnderstanding & memory Aprill 17 : 1662/ First I bequeath my soule to god almighty/ 21y I bequeath my body to the earth from whence Itt came/ Sly I bequeath my houses, vpland & Marsh att home, with all my estate of Cattle both great & small, with all my goods with in doores & with out, vnto Mary my wife, which I do make my exec- utrix & Administratrix, & that shee may pay all my debts, & may receaue all "Which is any way due to mee, alsoe my wife shall Cutt w* hay shee hath neede of vpon the Marsh at y^ necke of Land dureing her life/' I giue vnto John Barrett my sun, my vpland at the stony brooke, & the three acers of Marsh at Ogunquett, & I giue vnto my sun the Marsh at y" necke of Land, which lyeth betweene Mr Bowles & Fran : Littlefejld Senjo'', onely my wife his Mother shall cutt w* hay shee standeth neede of yearely dureing her life/ Testes us, John Barrett his marke jr ti Jos : Bowles/ Samell Austine Frances Crosse her marke X Proved 4 July 1664; Inventory returned at £173; 4: 0, by Mr Jos: Booles, Samell Aus- tine and John West, Aprill 29: 1662. Court Records, B, 96. I Nicholas Daviss of Yorke In the Province of Mayn, being of Prefect Memory & vnderstanding, though not unsen- cible of the vncertenty of my life, vpon w°h consideration being the more willing to settle thinges vidz* outward my estate in due order, do hereby make & declare this signifi- cation of my mind. In these Presents Included, to bee my last WUl and testament as followeth/ 6 Maine Wills. I giue vato my Cosson Mathew Barnard of Boston the wife of Mathew Barnard the some of fiue pounds/ I giue vnto my Cosson William Locke of Owborne two silver spoones & fiue shillings In silver/ I giue vnto my daughter Astine & her two children Mary & Sarah Austine Three pounds/ I give vnto Mary Dod Elizabeth Dod & Mehitabell Dod 20' a peece/ I doe likewise giue vnto the aforesd Marry, Elizabeth & Mehitabell Dod my house housing & Lands, with all priui- ledges & appurtenances belonging there vnto, after y" de- cease of my wife Elizabeth Dauis/ These Legacys being payd as abouesd I doe giue vnto my beloued wife Elizabeth Davis, the soole vse of all my houses & Lands soe ... g as her naturall life Contineweth, & do grant & giue vnto her the sool vseing & disposeing of all the rest of my goods Chatties Cattle Househould stuffe, debts or w'soever else appertaynes to mee, for her own proper vse & behoofe as shee shall see meete, to dispose y''of to her selfe & others/ And for the better Prformance of this my last will, I do desire & appoynt my Loueing frejnds Capi John Davess & Mr Peter Weare to bee y" overseers thereof, vnto whom I do giue fiue shillings a peece/ In witness w'"of I haue sett two my hand & seale/ Dated this 27 : day of April 1667 : Iny^.lO* yeare of o"" Soueraign Ld y" King Charles the secund/ Signed & Deliverd Nicholas Davis (J^^) In y'= Prsence of, Edw : Kishworth/ Susanna Kishworth/ Probated: —recorded 17 August 1670. Inventoiy returned at £102: 10: 6. by Edw: Kish- worth, John Davess, and Mathew Austine, 12 March 1669 or 70. Debts due to his estate fro n the Town of Yorlce, Job Allooclte, Will: more, Thomas Bragdon, the County Treas" nrer, Phillip Cooper, Phillip Hatch, amounting together to £4: 11: 6. Maine Wills. 7 Court Records, B, 97. Know all men by these Prsents that I John Tucker fish- erman of the Yles of shoales, vidz' Starr Yland In the County of Portsmouth being by gods prouidence at the house of John Amerideth of the Town of Kittery In the County of Yorke, very sicke and Weake of body, yett at Prsent of Indiiferent firme memory and vnderstanding, doe make this my last will & Testament/ 1 Inp' I Committ my spirit vnto god that gaue Itt, & my body vnto the dust from whence It came, to bee decently buried at the Charge of my executor, whom I shall name & appoynt/ 2 : I dispose of my outward estate In manner as follow- eth, vidz* my Will is that all my debts bee duly & truely payd by my executor/ 3 : I giue & bequeath vnto Thomas Wells Minister of the Town of Kittery the full & Just some of one pound tenn shillings, to bee payd by my executor after my decease, the one halfe In money & the other halfe In fish/ 4 : I giue & bequeath all the rest of my estate Whatsoeuer vnto my very Loueing frejnd John Amerideth, & Johanna his wife, and my will is, that all those y' haue any estate of mine in their Costody, or y* doe ow any debt vnto mee, do deliver & pay the same vnto the sd Amerideth or his wife after my decease, vpon y' demand or either of them thejr heyres, executors administrators or Assignes, in speties, as the same is to bee delivered or payd vnto mee/ 5 : I doe Nominate & appoynt the abouesd John Ameri- deth Senjo' of the Town of Kittery in the County of Yorke, to bee the executor vnto this my last will & testament, & do hereby Inioyne him faithfully to Prforme all & euery of the pmisses aboue mentioned/ In Witness w' of I haue here vnto sett my hand & scale Dated y" last vidz' the Thyrty one day of October, In the Twenty secund yeare of the Reign of o'' Soueraigne Ld King Charles the secund, by the 8 Maine Wills. Grace of god King of Great Brittan France & Ireland, & In the yeare of our Lord one thousand six hundred & seaventy/ 31 : 8 : Anno : Dom : 1670 : Subscribed & sealed in the / Prsence of us, The V marke William Rawling/ y the marke ot X John Tucker (,^?e) Thomas Sharpan Sworn to at Portsmouth by subscribing witnesses 3 Jany 1670: Probated 26 April 1671: Inventory returned at J65: 10: 10% byBdw: Cliambers & Vincent Burton, recorded 26 May 1671. Court Records, B B, 18. Janvary : 14 : 1661-2 : In the name of god Amen, I Gregory Jeiferys being In perfect memory and vnderstanding, yet being sencible of frajlty & mortality, do hereby & herein declare & make known my last & latest will & testament. Which is that I Committ & Commend my spirit vnto him who gave Itt mee, & my body vnto the dust from Whence It was taken, the which after my departure out of this life, being sollemely Interred, funerall expences defrayed, all legall debts, dues & demands satisfyd, & all Legacys, & bequeaths being dis- posed of, that then my wife Mary Jefferys shall haue my whoole estate. In her own hand till my sun John come vnto the age of seaventeen yeares, who then shall haue an sequall halfe, as It shall bee now vale wed of all moueables as his owne portion, being vnderstood sequally with halfe y" Land not besid^ Itt, & if my sayd wife die before him, that then my aforesd sun shall haue the houseing & land. But if the Lord take away my sun his estate shall fall into the Infants hands, that is in the mothers Wombe at this Present. But if the sd Infant bee not then liueing, the sd portion to fall Maine Wills. 9 into the Mothers hands If the Infant surviue them both, to bee soole possessor of both thejr estates ; And Moreover I bequeath vnto the Church of Sacoe, to the end such things or some or one of them at least as are necessary for the carijng on of the worship & seruice of god there in may be Inioyed, one yeareling steare to bee Deliverd to whom authority shall see meete, & as they shall see Cause at the next generall assembly. Court Records, BB, 19. In the Name of God Amen/ Septemb"^ 8 : 1664 : Mary Lux now being in Perfect Memory : & vnderstand- ing my fraylty & mortall Condition, do hereby & herein declare & make known my last will & testament Which is, that I Coriiend & committ my spii'it to y^ Lord that gaue it mee, & my body to the dust from whence It was taken/ that after my departure out of this mortall life, that my last husband John Lux may Inioy all & wholly that estate the which my former husband Gregory JeflFery now deseased, left vnto mee his then lawfuU wife, according to my aforesd husbands Jefferys will, according to the tenour of Itt that is to say to keepe my sunn John Jefferys vntill the age of seaventeen yeares, with that halfe of the estate given him, 10 Maine Wills. by his aforesd deseased father JefFerys, according to y^ de- mentions of my aforesd husband Jefferys will deseased : Alsoe I doe resigne all & every of my part & portion of the aforesd estate, into the hands & keepeing of my last hus- band, John Lux, that if the Lord please to take away my sunn John Jefferys before hee come to y'' age of seaventeen yeares, that halfe of the estate then belonging vnto him, may returne vnto my daughter Mary Lux Alsoe that my sunn Joseph Lux may possesse & Inioy my aforesd halfe of the estate with all the appurtenances according to the tenour of my deceased husbands Jefferys will ; And if the Lord bee pleased to take away my sunn Joseph Lux, that then I bequeath & give all the estate wholly to bee posses'd by my aforesd daughter, Mary Lux, after the desease of my last husband John Lux/ Which is my will & desire, & doe freely here vnto sett my hand & seal/ Testes/ the the of Mary <^ Lux (,^-) of Eichd X Eeding Marke Marke John Allger/ Eecorded 7 Feby 1665. Court Records, C, 10. In the name of God Amen, I Gyles Roberts of Bla": Poynt being sicke In body, but 6f Prfect memory do hereby Constitute, & make this my last Will & testament in man- ner & forme following, disanuUing cS; revoakeing all former Wills & testaments/ Inp'' I Committ my soule into the hands of Christ, the Saujo"^ & redeemer of falne man, my body to y^ grave decently to bee burjed/ My Prsonall estate I dispose of as followeth ; I will that my debts w<=h I ow to any Prson or Prsons bee truely discharged/ & the rest of Maine Wills. 11 my estate that It bee disposed of & layd out for j" bringing Tp & mantayneing of my three children now with mee ac- cording to y° discretion & prudence of my executor & ouer- seers, hereafter mentioned/ & w' estate shall bee left after the bringing vp of the sayd Children, I will that It shall be aequally devided amongst my five children, the 3 with mee now, & the two y' liue with my brother Arther Auger/ I do hereby nominate & Constitute my loueing brother In law Arther Auger executor of this my last Will & testa- ment, & my Hono'^* & Trusty frejnd Mr Hen . . Jocelyn, & my loueing brother In law William Shelden, overseers of the same/ In Witness of Which Premisses I haue herevnto sett my hand & scale this 25"^ of Janvary, 1666 : Signed sealed & Deliuefd Gyles Roberts his Marke In the Presence of, "* \ , ^^^s \ Richd Foxwell/ >r"^^ ^'''"-^' Mary Bodin her Marke x Sworn to 20 June 1667; Keeorded 26 July 1667; Inventory returned £66-00-3, less £13-01-3 debts to be deducted, by Andrew Brown and John Palmer appraisers, 30 Jan'y 1666. Court Records, C, 13. The last Will & testament of Thomas Skelling, being very Weake In body, but in Prfect memory/ I giue to my sun Thomas one Cow, & a young steare & a Calfe/ further I giue to my sun John one Cow/ & I giue my Towles to bee deuided between them both/ further it is my will to make my wife executrix to receiue & pay my debts, and all the goods y' I haue to bee at her dispose, dureing her Widdows estate, & if shee marry she 12 Maine Wills. , shall haue but the thirds, & the rest to bee deuided sequally to all my children/ Dated the 14"' of Novemb-^ 1666/ Witnessed In y Presence The Marke of of us, Robert Corbine/ W Thomas Wakelie Thomasy P frSkeWmg/ Phyneas Eider/ /It Sworn to by Corbino & Kider 2 Oct. 1667; Eecorded 3 Oct. 1667; Inventory returned at £186-14-0 by Phyneas Rider, Geo: Ingersell and Nathaniel! Wallia, appraisers 21 Dec. 1666, and attested by Deborah Skelling, " wife formerly vnto Tho: Skelling deceased." Court Records, D, 26. July 21 ano Dom : 1687 This being the last Will and testament of the sd Silvester Stover liueing in Cap nadick belonging to york in the prov- ince of Maine in New England, who being bound by the grace of god into old England Doe here Giue and Will vnto my sone John Stover my right and title that I haue in the Cape neck in Whole after the decease of my wife And I doe here confirme vnto my sone dependance Sto- ver, Three score and ten acres of land where his house is vp the river lieing in Cape Nadick And to my sone Josiah Stover I giue to him the new pas- ture lieing vppon the right hand of the lane goeing from my house to yorke and so vppon the Southard side of the way to run west south west so farr as my bownes go. and the salt Marsh belonging to it lieing vp the river, after the decease of my wife And the houses and the rest of my land that is not Dis- posed of I will and Giue vnto my sone George Stover and If my sone John Stover please he shall haue that Libertie for to change with my sone George Stover for what land and houses which he haue at the Cape neck for that which my sone George Stover haue here after the decease of my wife. Maine Wills. 13 And as for the Moueables I leaue to my Wife for to Dis- pose amongst the rest of my Children as shea see Good at her decease Wher vnto I here haue sett my hand and fixed my seale in the presence of Signed Sealed delivered in the presence Silvester /V" Stover | of Nathaniell Clayce Henry Goddard Sworn to by both attesting witnesses 14 Feby 1689-90; Inventory retvimedat £731: 07:00 by Elizabeth Stover, widow, 17 Feby 1689-90— Court Records, D, 32. The last Will and Testament of John LitlefeUd Jutf of Wells in the govince of Main After long sickness I being weake in body yet haueing my Vnderstanding & sences I doe Dispose of my out ward Estate which god hath given me as followeth I Doe giue vnto my Wife Mehetabell all my lands & goods & house and cattell and swine I makeing her my Executrix & shee is by my will to provide for my decent buriall She also is to pay to my Daughter Lidia a Cow it is also my will that my Daughter haue my square bar- rUd gun, also that my Daughter be brought vp decently which I doubt not of In testimony of Which I sette my hand this ninth Day of September one thousand six hundred Eightie nine in the first yeare of the Eeigne of K William in presence of John LitlefeUd Simon Willard Samuell Stover John Eldred Sworn to by all the attesting witnesses 19 Feby 1689-90; recorded 5 March 1689-90; Inventory returned at £162; 15: 0, by John Clayea and Nicholas Cole, appraisers, 16 Sept 1689. 14 Maine Wills. Court Records, E, 18. In the name of god Amen/ I John West being very weake & sicke, but In pfect Memory In my sences praysed bee god, I do bequeath my soule to god Almighty & my body to dust, from whence itt came hopeing of a joyfull resurrection through Jesus Christ/ And for those goods which god hath lent mee, I do be- queath into the hands of William Coole, for the space of three yeares, for the vsse of my foure grandchildren that is to say Ann Haly, Lydea Haly, Samell Haly, & Tho : Haly, to bee sequally deuided amongst them at three yeares end, & that y'' father Thomas Haly shall haue nothing to do with itt/ And if my grand daughter Ann shall marry before three yeares tyme, shee shall haue my bedd & bedding & all be- longeth to itt, for her whoole shayre, & the rest of my estate to them that are aliue : And the abousd William Coole I do giue him the Eedd Heffer, and the fatt Hogg & all the Iron Towles, w'^h is mine freely, & the vsse of all the Cattle & Increase for three yeares, with the vsse of all the househould goods, except y' Ann Haly do Marry before, & then shee is to haue the bedd & y' which belongs to itt, alsoe I giue him the young steare freely to him selfe, & William shall haue the hay towards keepeing the Cattle ; I do ow vnto Mr Fryer foure pounds which shall bee payd out of my goods/ I alsoe ow vnto Tho : & Francis Little- fejld Junjo' & y' mother Twenty three shillings, which shall bee payd out of my goods/ I ow Mr Will : Symonds 1 bush" of peas/ I giue vnto Francis woolfe my best Cayrsey sujte, & my best hatt & my gray Capp, & my Colourd stockeings/ I giue vnto Mary Reade my Hollane pillow beare, & 4 Hollane napkines & a Remant of Cayrsey, & a small pcell of woll/ I ow GoodwT Crosse 10' for worke/ W is owing to mee, Stephen Batson oweth mee 6' 0* Mary Miles oweth mee about eight or 10 o Willia: Loue of Newgewanaclce oweth mee 17 g John Syth of Cape Nuttacke oweth mee 01 00 0 William Norman oweth mee yi I must pay Mr Fryer 12 0 Maine Wills. Court Records, E, 23. In the name of god amen/ The 1 1'" day of November : 1663 : I Jonas Balie of blew poynt alias Scarborrou2;h In the prouince of Mayne alias the Countie"of yorke. In New England being sicke In body, but of good & pfect memory thankes bee to god, & Calling to remembrance the vncerten estate of this transitory life, that all flesh must yejld vnto death, w" Itt shall please god to Call, do make Constitute & ordayne, & declare this my last will & testament In manner & forme following/ reuoakeing & disanulling by these gsents, all & every testament & testaments will & wills heretofore by mee made & Delivefd by word or wrighting. 16 Maine "Wills. & this to bee taken onely for my last will & testament, & none other/ & first being poenitent & sorrowfuU from the bottome of my hsert. for my sins past, most humbly desire- ing forgiuenesse for the same, I giue & Committ my soule to god, my Saujo' & Redeemer, In whome & by the merritts of Jesus Christ, I trust & beleiue assuredly to bee saved, & to haue full remission & forgiuenesse of all my sins, & that my soule with my body at the day of resurrection shall ryse agajne with Joy & through the merritts of Christs death & passion ^ossesse & Inheritt the kingdome of Heaven Spared for his Elect Chozen. My body to bee burjed neare my wife Elizabeth, In y" Orchard by my house ; And now for the settleing of my temporall estate, I do hereby Order, giue & dispose of the same, In manner & forme following/ I will that all those debts y' I ow to any manner of pson or psons w'soeuer, shall bee truly satisfyd & payd, with in Convenjent tyme, after my desease, by my executrix here- after named : I do hereby make & ordayne my wife Ellner Baly my soole & onely executrix, & do giue & bequeath vnto her all my whoole estate after my decease, excepting those pticulars following ; Inp^ I giue vnto Mr Robert Jor- dans six suns eight pounds to bee sequally deuided amongst them/ Item I giue vnto Mr Fran : Neale Senjo', Three pounds/ I giue vnto his sun Fran : Neale 20' : Item I giue vnto his 2 daughters tenn shillings a peece/ Item I giue vnto John Jackeson fine pounds. Item I giue vnto my brother Nicho : Baly Two pounds. Item I giue vnto Eliz- abeth Bryers Three pounds/ Item I giue vnto John Jacke- sons sun one pounds/ Item I do giue vnto young John Bryers one pound Item I giue vnto John Bryers his two daughters one pounds/ Item I giue vnto my man Hen : Burt one Heffer Calfe. Item I giue vnto my Godsun Sam- uell Neale halfe my plantation after the desease of my wife/ Item I giue vnto Andrew Browns fiue suns Tenn shillings Maine Wills. Court Records, E, 37. The will of Peter Turbutt : Bequeathing his soule to god hwo gaue it and then his Bodi to the yearth from whence it came and then I giue to my ffather in Lawe John Sandars my youg Dafter Elizabeth Turbut y* he or they may keepe and Bring her vp tell shee is att womans yestate not any way Else but to be keept as his owne Next for what Estat I haue my lawfuU debts being payd out of y' I giue all my goods to my wife Sarah duering her lif boath howes and Howesing vpland & meadow feldes and anything that belong'" to me that shee may Peasabl Inioy and keepe tell god hath finished her lif & then if my sonn John doth line he shall receue all my Land & marsh to keepe & hould from him & his vse for euer & if god doth take the said John by death awaye then y" sd Lands as aboue said shall fall to my sonn Peter his vse Prouided my sonn John dij without any Ayer made in the presence of vs to Wittnes John Dauis The marke X of William Koberds : These are my debts as foil' To Major Shapligh 03 00 00 To Mr Walker 03 00 00 To Goodman Mountygue about 00 18 00 Sworn to 15 March 1669-70 by the attesting witnesses: recorded 29 June 1670: Inventory returned at £61, by the widow Sarah Turbett, 14. Oct. 1669. 2 18 Maine Wills.

27/tel.archives-ouvertes.fr-tel-00168637-document.txt_3

French-Science-Pile

Various open science

Le tableau 3.1 ci-dessous regroupe les caractéristiques des modèles utilisés dans ces différents travaux : Chapitre 3 : Transport et relations DO/Fournisseurs Tyworth et RuizTorres (2000) Ganeshan et al. (1999) Vonderembse et al. (1995) Smytka et Clemens (1993) Hong et Hayya (1992) Type du modèle 57 Programme mathématique non linéaire Minimiser la somme des coûts de stock et de commande sous les contraintes de coût d'expédition et de la qualité Dans le cas de la stratégie à un seul fournisseur, le coût d'expédition est étudié selon trois formes : exponentielle, logarithmique ou linéaire par parties. Utilisation du logiciel GINO Mé thode TCO Minimiser le coût total d'acquisition La forme du coût du transport n'est pas explicitée Le modèle est programmé sous le langage C. Les coûts de transport sont donnés en valeurs et en pourcentages par rapport au volume des ventes Aucun logiciel d'implémentation du modèle n'est indiqué dans l'article Outil de résolution Programme mathématique non linéaire Minimiser la somme des coûts d'achat, de stock, de commande et du transport Le coût du transport est de forme logarithmique : a + b ln (Q) (b<0), Q est la quantité transportée Propose d'utiliser le logiciel GINO ou le solveur d'Excel Programme mathématique non linéaire Minimiser la somme des coûts d'achat, de stock, de commande et du transport Le coût du transport est de forme exponentielle : a Qb (b<0), Q est la quantité transportée Propose d'utiliser un tableur tel que Excel Tableau 3.1. Caractéristiques des modèles du choix des fournisseurs intégrant le transport Notons que la plupart de ces différents travaux sur le transport en amont d'une chaîne de valeur n'ont pas considéré les stocks chez les fournisseurs ni les stocks en transit. De plus, le transport intermodal n'a pas été pris en compte. Enfin, les différentes études se sont généralement restreintes au cas de deux fournisseurs. 3.6. Conclusion La maîtrise des transports, l'amélioration de leurs performances, la réduction de leur coût et de leur prix rendent accessibles de nouveaux espaces d'approvisionnement, de différente structure et dont profitent également les fournisseurs. De plus, le développement des nouvelles technologies permet de renforcer l'intégration des sites de distribution dans la chaîne logistique globale. Chapitre 3 : Transport et relations DO/Fournisseurs / 111 Dans ce chapitre, nous avons étudié l'impact du transport sur les principaux facteurs liés à la gestion d'une chaîne de valeur, facteurs qui influent également la décision du choix des fournisseurs. Enfin, nous avons présenté un état de l'art des principaux travaux qui ont pris en compte le transport dans la décision de l'approvisionnement auprès de plusieurs fournisseurs. Ces études se sont généralement restreintes au cas de deux fournisseurs. Les modèles proposés cependant dans ces travaux n'ont pas considéré les stocks dans tout le réseau de transport (stocks chez les fournisseurs, stocks en transit et stocks chez le DO). Par conséquent, nous présentons dans le chapitre 4 suivant, une première modélisation du problème du choix des fournisseurs en tenant compte du transport. Le modèle proposé est sous forme d'un programme mathématique monobjectif de minimisation du coût total. Des contraintes liées aux fournisseurs, au transport et au DO sont également considérées dans le modèle. Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 4.1. Introduction Comme on l'a montré dans le chapitre précédent, les travaux relatifs aux stratégies d'approvisionnement (Hong et Hayya 1992, Ganeshan et al. 1999, Tyworth et Ruiz-Torres 2000) se sont restreints au cas de deux fournisseurs et n'ont pas traité le problème de gestion des stocks dans le réseau de transport reliant les fourni et le DO. De plus, l'utilisation du transport intermodal n'a pas été prise en compte dans leurs modèles. Par rapport à notre problématique, le modèle doit être étendu dans le cas d'une possibilité de la prise en considération des stocks dans tout le réseau du transport et de l'utilisation du transport direct ou combiné entre les fournisseurs et le DO. Pour apporter des éléments de réponse à notre problématique, ce chapitre sera organisé comme suit : Dans la section 2, nous présentons le cadre général de notre étude. La section 3 sera consacrée à une description du problème, à la formulation mathématique du coût total du produit et des différentes contraintes du modèle. 4.2. Cadre de l'étude Comme le coût d'achat représente une part importante du coût global d'un produit (40 % à 80 %) et que le coût du transport amont de la chaîne de valeur du DO est de 30 % du coût logistique total, on s'est alors intéressé dans un premier temps à choisir les fournisseurs selon le critère de coût total du produit et à élaborer une formulation mathématique générale du problème qui minimise ce coût. On a également tenu compte dans le modèle proposé de l'ensemble des éléments suivants : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport - Pour le DO : • • - La demande : Les fournisseurs à choisir doivent satisfaire la demande périodique du DO ; Le délai total de livraison : Les fournisseurs doivent livrer les produits au délai imposé par le DO. Pour les fournisseurs : • • Les critères retenus pour leur sélection sont : le coût total du produit et le délai de livraison. Le coût total du produit inclut les coûts d'achat, de commande, de stockage et du transport. Il représente l'objectif à minimiser. Les délais de livraison des fournisseurs sont formulés dans les contraintes du modèle ; La capacité du fournisseur : Dans une stratégie à plusieurs fournisseurs, ces derniers sont supposés avoir des capacités limitées. Elle est formulée comme une contrainte du modèle. Pour le transport : • Le mode de transport ; • Le type de livraison entre les fournisseurs et le DO. Plusieurs options sont possibles : • • Livraison directe : Chaque fournisseur utilise un seul mode de transport ; Livraison via des terminaux : Le transport est intermodal ; Livraison par un seul véhicule : Les quantités commandées aux fournisseurs peuvent être ramassées par un seul véhicule : il s'agit des tournées de véhicules. Nous ne considérons pas ce cas d'étude dans notre modèle ; Système mixte : Certains fournisseurs livrent directement le DO tandis que d'autres utilisent un transport intermodal ; La capacité du véhicule : On l'a utilisé comme une contrainte du modèle car elle a une influence sur le nombre d'expéditions ; Le temps de transit : Il a un impact sur le système de stockage dans la chaîne logistique et il dépend du mode de transport (et donc de sa vitesse) et du type de livraison utilisés. En effet, si ce temps est court, les marchandises arrivent vite chez le DO, ce qui augmente son niveau de stock. L'objectif final est d'apporter une solution aux questions suivantes : - Quel nombre optimal de fournisseurs choisir? Quelle quantité commander à chacun des fournisseurs choisis? Quels mode et type de l'organisation du transport adopter entre les fournisseurs choisis et le DO? Quelle gestion des stocks dans le réseau logistique? Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 4.3. Formulation mathématique 4.3.1. Description du problème La figure 4.1 ci-dessous illustre le réseau de transport reliant les N fournisseurs (F1, F2,, FN) et le DO, symbolisé par l'indice 0. Le transport peut être de deux types : direct ou combiné. Les J terminaux T (T1,, TJ) et les K terminaux T' (T1,, TK) symbolisent les points de transbordement (terminaux) du transport combiné. Un fournisseur quelconque peut utiliser l'un des terminaux T et par la suite, l'un des terminaux T'. Notons que l'utilisation du terminal Tj implique automatiquement l'utilisation du terminal T'k et que ces deux terminaux sont très distants. T1 T'1 T2 T'2 F1 F2... DO (0) TJ... T'K FN N fournisseurs J terminaux T K terminaux T' Transport direct Transport combiné Figure 4.1. Structure du réseau de transport reliant les fournisseurs et le DO Notons que cette configuration du réseau de transport entre les fournisseurs et le DO permet de tenir compte des différentes typologies de réseaux logistiques discutés au paragraphe 2 du 3ème chapitre. 4.3.2. Variables de décision Les variables de décision que nous considérons dans notre modèle sont : X i : Pourcentage de Q attribuée au fournisseur i Yi = 1 si le fournisseur i est choisi Wi 0 = Wij = Z jk = 0 sinon 1 si le transport entre le fournisseur i et le DO est direct 0 sinon 1 si le transport entre le fournisseur i et le DO passe par le terminal Tj 0 sinon 1 si le terminal Tk' est utilisé après le terminal Tj 0 sinon - La variable de décision Yi est utilisée car elle intervient dans le calcul des coûts de commande et de transport que nous développons dans le paragraphe 4.3.4 ; - La variable Zjk indique que l'utilisation d'un terminal T implique automatiquement le passage par un terminal T'. Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Les relations entre les différentes variables de décision sont explicitées dans les contraintes du problème (paragraphe 4.3.5). 4.3.3. Hypothèses du problème Pour notre modélisation du problème, nous retenons les hypothèses suivantes : - La demande du DO est supposée constante. C'est le cas général quand le DO et les fournisseurs envisagent de travailler en partenariat. Par conséquent, la demande est connue ; - Le délai de réapprovisionnement est certain. Ces deux hypothèses impliquent qu'il n'y a pas besoin de constituer de stock de sécurité. Ainsi, on en déduit les relations suivantes : N Q= Qi i =1 Qi = X i Q i = 1, N Ti = X iT i = 1, N 0 ≤ Xi ≤ 1 i = 1, N N Xi =1 i =1 Nous supposons également que : - Le DO recevra le lot de taille Qi du fournisseur i après avoir utilisé le lot de taille Qi-1 venant du fournisseur i-1 ; - Les terminaux T et T' ont des capacités de stockage illimitées. 4.3.4. Expression du coût total Dans notre modèle, nous considérons que le coût total du produit inclut les quatre coûts suivants : - Le coût d'achat : Il correspond à la valeur du produit ; - Le coût de commande : Il n'inclut pas le coût du transport et il correspond au coût traditionnel de commande, qui comprend les frais administratifs de préparation de la commande, d'obtention des lettres de crédit, de contrôle des échanges avec l'étranger, de contrôle de qualité, etc. ; - Le coût du transport correspond au coût d'expédition de la marchandise du fournisseur au DO. Dans notre modèle, nous retenons la modélisation de ce coût telle qu'elle est présentée au chapitre 2, sous forme d'un coût fixe et d'un coût variable : Ctransport= Cf + Cv Q avec : • Cf : Coût fixe par Km parcouru. Ce coût est indépendant du contenu du chargement et il correspond en général au coût de l' essence, du chauffeur, des douanes, etc. ; Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport • 64 / 111 Cv : C oût variable par quantit é chargée. Il est indépendant de la distance parcourue. - Le coût de stockage dans tout le réseau de transport inclut les coûts suivants : Le coût encouru chez le fournisseur pendant que les produits attendent d'être transportés ; • Le coût d'immobilisation des produits en transit : Il correspond au coût de stockage dans chaque arc du réseau de transport (figure 4.1) ainsi que dans chaque terminal dans le cas où le transport combiné est utilisé ; • Le coût encouru à l'entrepôt chez le DO pendant que les produits attendent d'être utilisés. • En tenant compte des hypothèses formulées auparavant, les expressions des différents coûts sont données ci-après : - Coût total d'achat : Comme XiD représente la part de la demande à acheter chez le fournisseur i, le prix total d'achat est : C achat = N DX i Pi (1) i =1 - Coût total de commande : Ai représente le coût de commande du fournisseur i. Comme D/Q est le nombre de périodes durant l'horizon de temps considéré, le coût total de commande s'écrit : C commande = N i =1 DA i Y i Q (2) - Coût total de stockage : Pour valoriser le stock moyen dans un réseau de transport reliant les fournisseurs, les terminaux et le DO, nous utilisons le raisonnement de Hall (1985), Burns et al. (1985) et Martel (2001) suivant : Pour effectuer une expédition de taille Qi du fournisseur i vers le DO, il faut attendre en moyenne Qi/2D chez le fournisseur i avant de transporter Qi, qui sera équivalent au temps moyen d'attente à l'arrivée chez le DO. Par ailleurs, ce stock est aussi valorisé quand il circule, il s'agit de prendre en compte la durée moyenne de transport (Di0/vmi0) (si le transport est direct) ou (Dij/vmij+τj+Djk/vm'jk+τk+Dk0/vmk0) (si le transport est combiné). m et m' désignent les deux modes du transport combiné. Dans ce cas, les parcours initiaux (des fournisseurs vers les terminaux T) et finaux (des terminaux T' vers le DO) sont généralement les plus courts possibles et s' effectuent en principe par route. Ainsi, m représente le mode de transport routier et m' peut être de type ferroviaire, fluvial, maritime ou aérien. Niveau du stock du DO Q1 / Q 2 / Temp s T 1 =Q1/D T2 =Q2/D Longueur d' une période Figure 4.2. Exemple du niveau du stock du DO dans le cas de dual sourcing En multipliant l'expression (3a) par D/Q, le coût total de stock dans tout le réseau de transport reliant le DO et les fournisseurs devient : C stock = + N i =1 N Pi X i2 (r + ri )Q + D Pi X iW i 0 rt i0m D i 0 /v i0m 2 ( J DX i Pi i =1 W ij rt ijm D ij / v ijm + rt jτ j + j =1 K k =1 ( ) m m Z jk rt mjk'D jk / v mjk'+ rt'k τ' k + rt k 0 D k 0 / v k 0 ) (3) - Coût total de transport : - Dans le cas d'un transport direct entre chaque fournisseur et le DO, le coût de transport est : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Ctransport _direct = ( N Wi 0 Cf i 0 m Di 0Y i + Cvim0 Qi i =1 ) 66 / 111 (4a) - Dans le cas du transport combiné, les quantités venant de plusieurs fournisseurs seront consolidées dans les terminaux T puis dans T' avant d'être reçus par le DO. Le coût de transport dans ce cas comprend 3 termes : Le 1er terme correspond au coût total de transport de chacun des fournisseurs vers les terminaux T et qui aura comme expression : • C transport 1 = N J i =1 j =1 ( W ij Cf ijm D ij Yi + Cv ijm Q i ) (4b) Le 2ème terme représente le coût total de transport entre les terminaux T et T' : Dans ce cas, les quantités livrées par les fournisseurs sont consolidées dans les terminaux T avant d 'être envoyées vers les terminaux T'. • Ctransport 2 = J K Z jk Cf m' jk D jk + Cv mjk' j =1 k =1 N QiWij (4c) i =1 Le 3ème terme correspond au coût total de transport entre les terminaux T' et le DO : Dans ce cas, les quantités sont consolidées dans les terminaux T' avant d'être livrées au DO. • C transport 3 = J K Z jk Cf km0 D k 0 + Cv km0 j =1 k =1 N Q iW ij (4d) i =1 En faisant la somme des expressions (4a), (4b), (4c) et (4d) et en multipliant l'expression obtenue par D/Q, l'expression finale du coût total de transport devient : N J K + ) i =1 Z jk Cf j =1 k =1 ( J Wi 0 Cf i m0 Di 0Yi D / Q + Cvim0 X i D + Ctotal _ transport = m' jk D jk D / Q ( Wij Cf ijm Dij Yi D / Q + Cvijm X i D j =1 + Cf km0 Dk 0 D / Q + ( Cv mjk'+ Cv km0 ) N DX iWij (4) i =1 Enfin, l'expression du coût total est obtenue en faisant la somme des expressions (1), (2), (3) et (4) : ) Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport N Ctotal = Q i =1 N Pi X i2 (r + ri ) D + 2 Q [ ( N J Ai + Wi0Cfim0 Di0 + i=1 ) K ( Wij Cfijm Dij Yi + j =1 DXi Pi + Wi0 Pi rti0m Di0 /vi0m + Wi0Cvim0 + J 67 / 111 Z jk Cf jkm'D jk + Cfkm0 Dk 0 ) j =1 k =1 ] i=1 N + J K i=1 J j =1 J ) m m Z jk rt mjk'D jk / v mjk'+ rt' k τ' k +rtk 0 Dk 0 / vk 0 + k =1 K ( Z jk D Cvmjk'+ Cvkm0 + ( Wij Pi rtijm Dij / vijm + rt jτ j + DXi Wij Cvijm j =1 N ) X iWij j =1 k =1 (I) i =1 Cette fonction est convexe par rapport à Q. L'optimum Q* correspond alors à la quantité économique à commander (EOQ : Economic Order Quantity), valeur qui annule la dérivée d'ordre première de Ctotal : N 2D ∂Ctotal =0 ∂Q J Ai + Wi 0Cf i 0m Di 0 + i =1 Q* = J Wij Cf ijm Dij K j =1 ( Z jk Cf jkm'D jk + Cf km0 Dk 0 Yi + ) j =1 k =1 N Pi X i2 (r + ri ) i =1 En remplaçant Q par la valeur de Q* dans (I), l'expression finale du Ctotal devient : N Pi X i2 (r + ri ) Ctotal = 2D i =1 N [ N J Ai + Wi 0Cfi 0m Di 0 + i =1 ( j =1 ) DXi Pi + Wi 0 Pi rt i0m Di0 /vi0m + Wi 0Cvim0 + J K Wij Cfijm Dij Yi + ( Z jk Cf jkm'D jk + Cfkm0 Dk 0 ) j =1 k =1 ] i =1 N + J i =1 J K Wij Pi rtijm Dij / vijm + rt jτ j + DXi j =1 K k =1 ( Z jk D Cvmjk'+ Cvkm0 + j =1 k =1 ( ) ) J m m Z jk rt mjk'D jk / v mjk'+ rt' k τ' k +rtk 0 Dk 0 / vk 0 + Wij Cvijm j =1 N X iWij i =1 4.3.5. Contraintes du modèle Les principales contraintes du modèle sont : - Demande du DO : Comme la demande D du DO doit être partagée entre tous les fournisseurs sélectionnés, on a la relation : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport N N XiD = D i =1 - 68 / 111 Xi =1 =1 Capacit é de production des fournisseurs : Dans une stratégie à plusieurs fournisseurs, ces derniers sont supposés avoir des capacités limitées. Xi D ≤ Si i =1,N Si représente la capacité totale des véhicules utilisés pour transporter la marchandise du fournisseur i au DO. Dans le cas de l'utilisation du camion, Si est la somme des capacités des camions utilisés. Si ces camions sont de même capacité, Si sera équivalent au nombre d'expéditions multiplié par la capacité d'un seul camion ; • Dans le cas de l'utilisation du transport par train, avion, bateau ou barge, Si correspond à la capacité de chacun de ces modes. • - Intégrité des variables de décision : • Relation entre Xi et Yi : Si Yi = 1 alors le fournisseur i est sélectionné et par conséquent une quantité XiQ lui sera commandée. Ainsi, Xi>0 Si Yi = 0 alors le fournisseur i n'est pas sélectionné et Xi = 0 On a alors la relation suivante : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport ε Yi ≤ X i ≤ Yi i = 1, N Yi = 1, 0 i = 1, N • avec 0 ε 69 Utilisation du transport direct ou combiné : J Wi0 + Wij = 1 i = 1, N j=1 K Z jk = 1 j = 1, J k =1 Wi0, Wij , Z jk = 0, 1 i = 1, N j = 1, J k = 1, K - La 1ère relation indique que le transport entre le fournisseur i et le DO est soit direct soit combiné mais pas les deux à la fois ; - La 2ème relation exprime la conservation des flux dans le terminal T. En effet, le flux de matières entrant à ce terminal doit être égal au flux qui en sort. Soit : N K QX iW ij = i =1 N Z jk k =1 K Z jk = 1 QX iW ij i =1 k =1 - La dernière relation montre le caractère binaire des variables de décision Wi0, Wij et Zjk. 4.3.6. Expression du modèle final Le modèle final a la forme suivante : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport n Min( Ctotal ) = 2D Pi X i2 (r + ri ) i =1 + N i =1 + N i =1 [ ( N i =1 Ai + Wi0Cfi 0m Di 0 + ] ) DXi Pi + Wi 0 Pi rti0m Di0 /vi0m + Wi 0Cvim0 + DXi J Wij Pi rtijm Dij / vijm + rt jτ j + j =1 K k =1 J K j =1 k =1 ( J Wij Cfijm Dij Yi + j =1 J 70 / 111 K j =1 k =1 Z jk D Cvmjk'+ Cvkm0 ) ( Z jk Cf jkm'D jk + Cfkm0 Dk 0 N X iWij i =1 ( ) m m Z jk rt mjk'D jk / v mjk'+ rt' k τ' k +rtk 0 Dk 0 / vk 0 + J Wij Cvijm j =1 S. C X i D ≤ Ci i = 1, N (1) X i D ≤ Si i = 1, N (2) N i =1 N Xi li ≤1 L (3) Xi =1 (4) i =1 εYi ≤ X i ≤ Yi Wi 0 + K J Wij = 1 i = 1, N (5) i = 1, N (6) j = 1, J (7) j =1 Z jk = 1 k =1 Yi,Wi0, Wij, Z jk = 0, 1 i = 1, N j = 1, J k = 1, K (8) Notre modèle a la forme d'un programme non linéaire à variables mixtes Xi, Yi, Wi0, Wij et Zjk. Le modèle compte N variables X, (2N + NJ + JK) variables binaires et (2 + 4N + J) contraintes. Dans la section suivante, nous passons d'abord en revue les principales étud es sur la modélisation du transport intermodal avant de proposer un algorithme qui permet de résoudre notre modèle. 4.4. Modélisation du transport intermodal : état de l'art Un état de l'art sur les problèmes de transport montre que ceux-ci sont très difficiles à résoudre de manière optimale car ils sont NP-difficiles et les cas réels sont de très grande taille. Pour cette raison, les méthodes exactes ne sont pas toujours utilisables en pratique et il faut utiliser des approches heuristiques pour résoudre ces problèmes. Plusieurs heuristiques et ) méthaheuristiques sont alors apparues dans la littérature telles que la recherche tabou, les algorithmes génétiques, les réseaux de neurones, le recuit simulé, les colonies de fourmis, etc. De plus, la plupart de ces méthodes se rapportent au cas de l'utilisation de transport monomodal ; c'est le cas des problèmes de voyageur de commerce, de tournées de véhicules avec ou sans fenêtres horaires, de chargement/déchargement des véhicules, etc. Des outils de recherche opérationnelle et des logiciels commerciaux très puissants (Cplex, Lindo, Lingo, etc.) développés dans le domaine d'optimisation mathématique sont les plus utilisés pour résoudre ce type de problèmes. Une revue de 92 articles dans le domaine de transport et publiés entre 1988 et 2001 (Bontekoning et al. 2004) montre que les études qui ont pris en compte l'aspect multimodal du transport sont encore à leur phase pré-paradigmatique et sont limités vue que leur majorité n'est publiée que durant ces dix dernières années. De plus, la modélisation de ce type de transport est beaucoup plus difficile que le transport monomodal car elle doit prendre en considération plusieurs facteurs tels que les caractéristiques des divers modes de transport, les stratégies de coûts utilisées, les différents acteurs intervenant dans la coordination et le contrôle des divers du réseau intermodal, etc. Les principaux travaux se sont intéressés au niveau de planification stratégique du transport intermodal. Les modèles développés représentent des extensions des modèles utilisés dans le cas de transport monomodal en ajoutant de nouveaux noeuds et arcs au réseau. Les noeuds caractérisent les terminaux quant aux arcs, ils représentent les liens entre les différents modes de transport intermodal. Problèmes de conception du réseau de transport : Le but est de choisir des arcs du réseau ayant des capacités afin de permettre aux marchandises de circuler entre leur origine et destination au coût le plus bas. Les modèles résultant de ces problèmes sont généralement sous forme de programmes non linéaires à variables mixtes et qui peuvent être résolus par des heuristiques basées sur les techniques de génération de colonnes et les méthodes de descente. Un état de l'art des différents modèles, méthodes et logiciels qui permettent de résoudre ces problèmes selon les trois niveaux Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 72 / 111 de planification stratégique, tactique et opérationnel du transport est donné dans l'étude de Crainic et Laporte (1997). Par rapport à notre modèle , nous retenons la pro cédure de séparation et évaluation (B & B : Branch-and-Bound en anglais), utilisée dans le cadre le plus général pour des problèmes de programmation linéaire en nombres entiers (PLNE) et de programmation linéaire à variables binaires (PL01). De plus, la méthode B & B est pratique pour des modèles de taille assez moyenne. Ainsi, en se référant à cette méthode, nous avons déduit l'algorithme de résolution de notre modèle suivant : 4.5. Algorithme de résolution Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport N fournisseurs Créer une liste de 2N -1 combinaisons de Yi Choisir une combinaison de Yi Calculer la somme des capacités (Sc) des fournisseurs Non Sc>=D Oui Créer la matrice Wi0 Choisir une ligne de Wi0 Créer les matrices Wij Choisir une matrice Wij Wi 0 + J Wij = 1 Non j =1 Oui Créer les matrices Zjk Choisir une matrice Zjk K Z jk = 1 Non k =1 Oui Déterminer le minimum Cmin des solutions des sous problèmes en utilis Matlab Choisir la valeur minimum des Cmin comme solution finale du problème Figure 4.3. Algorithme de résolution du modèle 73 / 111 Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 74 / 111 Cet algorithme est implémenté sous le logiciel Matlab, version 6.50 et l'expérimentation numérique a été effectuée sur un ordinateur de type Intel Pentium IV (2.40 GHz). Matlab est un logiciel scientifique très puissant qui offre une librairie d'outils en optimisation tels que la fonction fmincon que nous avons utilisé dans notre cas. 4.6. Validation du modèle 4.6.1. Scénario 1 : Etude de cas d'un seul fournisseur Dans ce scénario, nous supposons que le fournisseur est performant en terme de délai de livraison et dispose d'une capacité suffisante pour satisfaire la demande du DO. Pour le transport intermodal, nous retenons le cas de l'utilisation du transport combiné camion-rail car c'est le plus utilisé. Ainsi, trois options seront analysées ; chacune dépend du mode de transport utilisé entre le fournisseur et le DO : - Option 1 : La livraison entre le fournisseur et le DO se fait par le camion ; - Option 2 : La livraison entre le fournisseur et le DO se fait par le transport combiné camion-train ; - Option 3 : La livraison entre le fournisseur et le DO se fait par le train. L'objectif est de choisir la meilleure option, celle qui donne un coût total plus bas. Pour illustrer ce scénario, nous utilisons les données de l'étude de Ganeshan et al. (1999) dans le cas des options 1 et 3 (transport direct) car dans cette étude, les auteurs n'ont pas étudié le cas de l'utilisation du transport combiné et qui est l'objet de l'option 2. Nous avons choisi de comparer nos résultats avec ceux de cette étude car les auteurs ont tenu compte du transport et du stock en transit dans leur modèle bien qu'ils n'ont pas considéré le stock chez le fournisseur. Pour le calcul du coût de transport, les auteurs ont utilisé la formulation suivante : a + b Ln(Q), avec a=64.8264, b= -5.6113 et Q est la taille de lot transportée. Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Les données du problème sont : P1=5, D = 5400 unités/an, A = 150. 1 année = 360 jours ouvrables. Les taux de stockage par an chez le fournisseur, le DO, dans les terminaux et dans les véhicules sont supposés égaux à 30 %. Les temps moyens de passage des véhicules dans les terminaux sont supposés égaux à 1 jour par an. Enfin, ε est fixé à 0.01. Pour les autres informations sur le transport, nous utilisons celles données dans (Martel, 2001) et qui sont : - Pour le camion : Cf =0.785 /Km, Cv= 0.1575 /unité, vitesse moyenne =80 Km/h et capacité = 60 tonnes. - Pour le train : Cf =1.932 /Km, Cv= 0.09 /unité, vitesse moyenne = 100 Km/h et capacité large. Les distances entre les différents arcs du réseau sont indiquées dans la figure 4.4 ci-dessous : 200 Km T1 9000 Km T'1 400 Km DO F 9600 Km Figure 4.4. Réseau de transport reliant un fournisseur et le DO Le tableau 4.1 suivant regroupe des résultats trouvés pour chacune des options, en comparaison avec les résultats de Ganeshan et al. (1999). Etude de Ganeshan et al. (1999) Q* Nombre de périodes : D/Q 1166 5 Nombre de livraisons par période Cachat ( ) Ccommande ( ) Cstock_transit ( ) Cstock_fournisseur ( ) Cstock_DO ( ) Ctransport ( ) Ctotal ( ) − 27000 695 113 0 875 25 29453 Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 737 8 13 27000 1099 113 553 553 857 30174 740 8 13 27000 1095 136 555 555 2202 31543 740 8 1 27000 1094 90 555 555 502 Tableau 4.1. Comparaison avec Ganeshan et al. (1999) dans le cas de mono sourcing itre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Il découle de ce tableau les résultats suivants : - Dans notre étude, le coût total est minimum pour l'option 3 et les livraisons entre le DO et le fournisseur sont directes par train, ce qui suppose qu'ils disposent chacun d'une installation terminale embranchée (ITE). Dans le cas contraire, l'option à choisir est la livraison directe par camion ; - Dans ce cas, le DO recevra pour chacune des 7 premières périodes, la quantité de 740 du fournisseur, en une seule livraison. A la 8ème période, il recevra la quantité restante, soit 220, pour satisfaire sa demande qui est de 5400 unités par an ; - Pour cette option, le coût du transport est le plus faible ainsi que le stock en transit. - Comme dans l'option 3, les coûts de stocks chez le DO et chez le fournisseur sont les même pour les options 1 et 2, cela peut s'expliquer par le fait que le mode de transport utilisé en amont ainsi qu'en aval du réseau du transport reliant le fournisseur et le DO est le camion, supposé de même capacité. Concernant le stock en transit, il est cependant plus important pour l'option 2 à cause de la rupture de charge dans les terminaux ; - Par rapport l'étude de Ganeshan et al. (1999), le coût total trouvé aura la valeur de 30328 si le stock chez le fournisseur est pris en compte dans leur modèle, ce qui est plus important que dans les options 1 et 3. Le coût en transit est le même que celui trouvé dans l'option 1 quant au stock chez le DO, il est plus élevé vue que la quantité commandée de 1166 est reçue en une seule livraison. 4.6.2. Scénario 2 : Etude de cas de deux fournisseurs Dans ce 2ème scénario, nous comparons nos résultats avec ceux obtenus dans deux études : celle de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001) d'une part car dans cette étude, les auteurs ont traité le problème de sélection des fournisseurs avec une demande du DO supposée constante mais sans tenir compte du transport ni du système de stockage dans tout le réseau du transport reliant les fournisseurs et le DO et celle de Ganeshan et al. (1999) déjà citée dans le 1er scénario. Etude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001) : Dans cette étude, les deux fournisseurs offrent respectivement des prix d'achat de 32 et 16, des coûts de commande de 8 et 4, des capacités de production de 500 et 700 et des performances en termes de délais de livraison de 0.97 % et 0.90 %. La demande du DO est de 1000 unités par an et le taux de stockage est de 20 %. Pour montrer l'impact du transport sur la décision de l'approvisionnement auprès de deux fournisseurs, nous avons dans un premier temps exécuté notre programme sans tenir compte des paramètres liés au transport (stockage en transit et coût du transport). Dans l'étude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001), les auteurs n'ont pas aussi tenu compte des stocks chez les fournisseurs. Nous avons obtenu le même résultat que celui publié dans ladite étude. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons exécuté notre programme en tenant compte des différents paramètres du transport. Les distances entre les différents noeuds du réseau de transport sont indiquées dans la figure 4.5 ci-dessous. Les valeurs des distances entre les fournisseurs et le DO sont déduites à partir des temps de transit, qui sont à peu près de 60 % des délais de Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choi x des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 77 / 111 livraison (Tyworth 1991) et des vitesses de véhicules utilisés. Pour le transport combiné, nous avons choisi les mêmes distances entre les terminaux T et T' ainsi qu'entre T' et le DO. 2924 Km T1 F1 224 Km T'1 200 Km 2500 Km T2 332 Km F2 T'2 200 Km DO 2500 Km 3032 Km Figure 4.5. Réseau de transport reliant deux fournisseurs et le DO Les options que nous allons étudier sont : Option 1 : Livraison des deux fournisseurs au DO se fait par camion ; • Option 2 : Livraison des deux fournisseurs au DO se fait par le transport combiné camion-train ; • Option 3 : Livraison du fournisseur 1 au DO se fait par camion tandis que celle du fournisseur 2 au DO se fait par le transport combiné camion-train ; • Option 4 : Livraison du fournisseur 1 au DO se fait par le transport combiné camiontrain tandis que celle du fournisseur 2 au DO se fait par camion. • Le tableau 4.2 ci-dessous regroupe les résultats trouvés en comparaison avec ceux obtenus dans l'étude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001) : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Etude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001). * Q X1 X2 Q1 Q2 Nombre de périodes : D/Q* Cachat ( ) Ccommande ( ) Cstock_transit ( ) Cstock_fournisseur1 ( ) Cstock_fournisseur2 ( ) Cstock_DO ( ) Ctransport ( ) Ctotal ( ) 106 0.30 0.70 32 74 10 20800 113 0 0 0 113 0 21027 78 / 111 Prise en compte du transport Option 1 77 0.30 0.70 23 54 13 20800 156 18 22 60 83 165 21303 Option 2 79 0.30 0.70 24 55 13 20800 152 63 23 62 85 668 21852 Option 3 79 0.30 0.70 24 55 13 20800 152 29 23 62 85 342 21492 Option 4 79 0.30 0.70 24 55 13 20800 152 27 23 62 85 243 21391 Tableau 4.2. Comparaison avec Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001) dans le cas de dual sourcing Ce tableau montre que pour tous les cas, les proportions de la commande à attribuer aux sseurs sont les mêmes et sont respectivement de 30 % pour le 1er fournisseur et 70 % pour le 2ème fournisseur. Une plus grande part de la demande étant attribuée au 2ème fournisseur, qui est plus loin du DO que le 1er fournisseur mais qui offre un prix d'achat plus faible. Selon notre étude, le coût total est minimum pour l'option 1. Par conséquent, la politique du transport à adopter est le transport direct par camion de chacun des deux fournisseurs au DO. Pour cette option, les quantités à commander aux deux fournisseurs et pour chacune des 12 premières périodes sont respectivement de 23 pour le 1er fournisseur et de 54 pour le 2ème fournisseur. A la 13ème période, le DO recevra les quantités restantes, soit 23 du 1er fournisseur et 53 du 2ème fournisseur, pour satisfaire sa demande qui est de 1000 unités par an. Dans le cas de l'étude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001), le DO recevra et pour chacune des 9 premières périodes les quantités de 32 du 1er fournisseur et 74 du 2ème fournisseur. A la 10ème période, il recevra les quantités restantes, soit 32 du 1er fournisseur et 14 du 2ème fournisseur pour satisfaire sa demande. Le coût de stock chez le DO est plus important que dans notre étude. Notons que nous avons trouvé ce même résultat par notre modèle en tenant compte des paramètres de cette étude. Dans le cas où le transport combiné est utilisé (options 2 à 4), le coût total est minimum pour l'option 4, ce qui correspond à l'utilisation du transport combiné camion-train entre le 1er fournisseur et le DO et au transport direct par camion entre le 2ème fournisseur et le DO. Le coût total du transport est plus faible que dans les options 2 et 3. Etude de Ganeshan et al. (1999) Dans cette étude, le DO utilise deux fournisseurs, le 1er est fiable en terme de délai de livraison (cas de scénario 1) et le 2ème est attractif pour le DO dans la mesure où il offre des remises sur le prix d'achat, bien que son délai de livraison soit important. Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport Dans ce cas, le 1er fournisseur offre un prix d'achat de 5 , le coût total de commande pour les deux fournisseurs est 200. La demande du DO est de 5400 unités par an et le taux de stockage est de 30 %. Les temps moyens de transit du 1er fournisseur et du 2ème fournisseur sont respectivement de 5 jours et de 25 jours, ce qui nous a permis de déduire que les distances de ces deux fournisseurs au DO sont respectivement de 9600 Km et de 48000 Km (car la vitesse de camion est 80 Km/h). Dans l' étude de Ganeshan et al. (1999), les auteurs ont proposé des alternatives possibles exprimant quel niveau de remise négocier avec le 2ème fournisseur pour avoir un coût total plus avantageux que la solution de l'approvisionnement unique auprès du 1er fournisseur. Pour cela, ils ont représenté le coût total optimum en fonction du taux de remise d (%) que le 2ème fournisseur offre sur le prix d'achat et cela pour les différentes valeurs f qui représente le pourcentage de la commande à attribuer à ce 2ème fournisseur. Pour un prix de 4 offert par le 2ème fournisseur, les résultats trouvés par notre modèle sont donnés dans le tableau 4.3 suivant : Q* X1 X2 Q1 Q2 Nombre de périodes : D/Q* Cachat ( ) Ccommande ( ) Cstock_transit ( ) Cstock_fournisseur1 ( ) Cstock_fournisseur2 ( ) Cstock_DO ( ) Ctransport ( ) Ctotal ( ) Option 1 1267 0.35 0.65 445 822 5 23497 852 331 117 320 437 873 26428 Option 2 1290 0.35 0.65 453 837 5 23497 837 529 119 326 445 3577 29331 Option 3 1287 0.35 0.65 452 835 5 23497 839 297 119 325 444 1766 27287 Option 4 1271 0.35 0.65 447 824 5 23497 850 340 118 321 439 1347 26911 Tableau 4.3. Résultats du modèle dans le cas de dual sourcing avec P2=4 En comparaison avec les résultats trouvés dans le 1er scénario (tableau 4.1), nous remarquons que l'utilisation de deux fournisseurs est plus profitable pour le DO que l'utilisation d un seul fournisseur. En effet, le coût total est plus bas bien que le coût de transport reste plus important. De même, le coût de stock chez le DO est plus faible. Pour l'option 1 par exemple, l'utilisation de deux fournisseurs va permettre au DO de faire une économie de 3746 sur le coût total. 4.6.3. Scénario 3 : Etude général du choix de plus de deux fournisseurs Dans Aguezzoul et Ladet (2004a), Aguezzoul et Ladet (2004c) et Aguezzoul et Ladet (2004f), on a considéré l'étude de trois fournisseurs en ne tenant compte que d'un réseau du transport avec un entrepôt centralisé. Pour des prix d'achat égaux, nous avons montré qu'il est préférable d'utiliser des livraisons via le terminal central de chacun des trois fournisseurs vers le DO. Dans Aguezzoul et Ladet (2003a) et Aguezzoul et Ladet (2003b), on s'est restreint au cas du transport direct entre les fournisseurs et le DO. Ces études montrent que les livraisons directes Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 81 / 111 utilisant le mode de transport LTL est plus économique que celles utilisant le mode de transport TL. Dans la suite de cette section , on va é tudier la performance du notre modèle en terme de temps d'exécution. On s'est limité au cas de l'utilisation de 6 fournisseurs au maximum car c'est le plus traité dans la littérature liée à la décision de la sélection des fournisseurs (Weber 1996 ; Sedarage et al. 1999, Weber et al. 2000, Talluri et Narasimhan 2003). Dans le cas de la prise en compte du transport combiné, nous avons également considéré 6 terminaux de type T et T' ; ce qui correspond à la plupart des cas possibles de configurations de réseaux de transport entre les fournisseurs et le DO comme il a été mentionné dans le paragraphe 2 du 3ème chapitre. Le tableau 4.5 suivant donne les différentes caractéristiques de notre modèle en termes de taille et de temps d'exécution (CPU) en secondes : Nombre de fournisseurs 2 3 4 5 6 Nombre de terminaux T 2 3 4 5 6 Nombre de terminaux T' 2 3 4 5 6 Nombre de variables 14 27 44 65 90 Nombre de contraintes 12 22 27 32 CPU (secondes) 7.73 8.46 13.29 37.86 145.60 (2 min 26) Tableau 4.5. CPU du modèle en fonction du nombre de fournisseurs et de terminaux Il apparaît que le temps de calcul du programme est raisonnable pour les différentes valeurs de N traités dans la littérature. La section suivante présente une analyse de sensibilité du modèle. 4.7. Analyse de sensibilité L'objet de cette étude de sensibilité est de voir si le résultat change quand on agit sur un certain nombre de paramètres clés. Dans un premier temps, nous comparons nos résultats à ceux de l'étude de Tyworth et Ruiz-Torres (2000) qui ont analysé l'effet de la localisation des fournisseurs, de leur prix d'achat, de la demande du DO et des délais de livraison sur les gains dont peut bénéficier le DO s'il utilise deux fournisseurs. Dans un deuxième temps, nous analysons l'impact de la localisation des terminaux sur le résultat du modèle. Dans notre cas, nous retenons les paramètres clés suivants et qui affectent le choix des fournisseurs et le transport : - La demande du DO : En tenant compte des données du scénario 2 (étude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien, 2001) et en considérant l'option 1 (transport par camion), le tableau 4.6 ci-dessous donne le résultat obtenu par notre modèle en faisant augmenter la demande D du DO. Nous avons également représenté les gains sur le coût total et qui sont associés à l'utilisation de deux fournisseurs en comparaison par rapport à l'utilisation unique du 1er fournisseur : Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport D X1 X2 Q Ctransport ( ) Ctotal ( ) Gains ( ) 700 0.01 0.99 53 117 11764 11150 800 0.13 0.88 63 133 14858 11301 900 0.22 0.78 71 149 18076 11327 1000 0.30 0.70 77 165 21303 11342 1100 0.36 0.64 81 181 24538 11347 1200 0.42 0.58 83 197 27776 11349 Tableau 4.6. Effets de la demande sur les gains associés au dual sourcing Ce tableau montre que quand la demande du DO augmente, la quantité commandée Q augmente. La part de Q attribuée au 1er fournisseur augmente alors que celle attribuée au 2ème fournisseur diminue ; Dans le cas où la demande est inférieure au maximum des capacités des deux fournisseurs, soit à 700, les parts de la quantité totale à commander aux fournisseurs restent constantes et sont de 0.01 pour le 1er fournisseur et de 0.99 pour le 2ème fournisseur ; Le coût total ainsi que le coût du transport croissent linéairement en fonction de la demande ; Par rapport à l'étude de Ghodsypour et O'Brien (2001), nous avons obtenu le même résultat qui est : les gains sur le coût total dus à l'utilisation de deux fournisseurs en comparaison avec un seul fournisseur, augmentent avec la demande (figure 4.7) Gains ( ) 11400 11300 11200 11100 Demande 11000 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 Figure 4.7. Gains associés au dual sourcing en fonction de la demande - Le prix d'achat : Il a une influence sur le système de stockage dans le réseau de transport reliant les fournisseurs et le DO. Plus ce prix est bas, plus le choix se porte sur les fournisseurs qui offrent ce prix. L'étude présentée dans le scénario 2 en considérant les données de Ganeshan et al. (1999) montre que le recours au 2ème fournisseur et qui est plus loin de DO, sera intéressant si celui-ci offre des remises sur le prix d'achat ; - La localisation des fournisseurs : Elle a un impact direct sur les délais de livraisons et sur le coût du transport. Ce facteur est très lié au facteur précédent. Généralement, Chapitre 4 : Modélisation du choix des fournisseurs en considérant le transport 83 / 111 le DO fait appel à un fournisseur éloigné si ce dernier offre des réductions sur les prix. C'est le cas par exemple d'un DO européen qui s'approvisionne auprès des sseurs des pays en voie de développement, où la main d'oeuvre est moins chère comme l'Asie ou l'Afrique. Le tableau 4.7 suivant donne les résultats du modèle dans le cas où la distance D20 au 2ème fournisseur augmente mais que le prix d'achat P2 qu'il offre diminue. Nous utilisons les mêmes données dans le cas précédent.

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Postschea-itonto: Hamburg SU K4 »«reinigt mit MeueKamburgerZeltung Geuiral-Anzeiger für Hamburg. Altona Verlag und Druck: Girardet Co., Hamburg Wöchentlich reichhaltig illustrierte Beilage in Kupfertiefdruck «ezugsprellc. im voraut zahlbar: für die Zeit vom srei Haus »o Psg. tsür die Zeitung 74 VW Iii Psg.. im Raudneviet !«Pfg. ?, ' ' biS IS. 5iuli IM« die Vertriebssielle r im Sinzclbezuq ^»e Rechnung ei». Ter seligedruckle . und Cin,clvcr- enthaiten. Turch ntunasgebliftrcu. -t« Psg. sür die einspaltige An- Stellenangebote ül>>,e Preise. Nachlässe und Geschäfts- ?!i,c>gcn-VrciÄiste Nr K. Nachlabsiattel IZ CrfUllu»g<-ort Licscrung und Zahlung: Hainburg. Gerichtsstand: Amtsgericht Hamburg. HiuMB-a-s- nerrn?' Nummer ls; Mitlmili. den K. Zuli ISN 51. Zalumng ZurWehung der Freiwilligen beschloffen AachdriiSliche Warnung vor KoppelungsgeschDen ,Londonerplan' in Vnrgos und Valencia nberrelchl Em Fortschritt in der Spanien-Politik Berlin, K. Juli. In der Sitzung des Londoner Ausschusses ist gestern der britische Plan zur Zurückziehung der Freiwilligen unter Zu billigung der Rechte von Kricgsübrenden an die beiden spa nischen Parteien von allen Staaten angenommen worden. Er wird voraussichtlich schon im Lause des heutigen Tages in seinem Wortlaut verössentlicht. Zu dieser Stunde liegt er bereits ln Barcelona und Burgos vor, wo bekanntlich die endgültige Entscheidung darüber fallen muh, ob den Kommissionen zur Auslämmung der Freiwilligen tatsächlich Gelegenheit zur Ardcii gegeben wird. Nach dem bisherigen Plan dürslc der technische Fortgang so sein, das, im Falle einer Zustimmung der beide«, kämpscndcn Parteien sich die Kommissionen an die beide» Fronten begeben und ikr schwieriges Geschäft — das Aussortieren der fremden Freiwillige» beginnen. Mit dem Augenblick ihrer Anwesenheit auf dem spanischen Kriegsschauplatz sollen die Grenzen sowohl -u Wasser als zu Lande durch die internationalen Kontrollen ocschlrsscn werden, und zwar ruf jeden Fall für eine Dauer von ll! Tage», in denen es sich herausstellen wird, ob die Kom- missie.icn irgendeine erfolgversprechende Tätigkeit ausüben lönnc». Der erste praktische Schritt zur Ingangsetzung wurde unter anderem dadurch ermöglicht, daß die Hauptnichtcinmischungs- mächle — üblicherweise mit dem Ausschluß der Sowjetunion — die Mittel in Höhe von Sil vllv Pfund bereitstellen. Küstensestung besetzt Bilbao, Ii. Juli. Die Truppen des Generals Arando, die in drei Kolonnen vom Nordosten, Norden und Nordwesten in Richtung aus Nules, das Kilometer nördlich von Sagunt liegt, vordringen, be setzten am Dienstag die bedeutende Lcvantcstadt Burriana, deren Hafen sowie den Ort Villavieja. Im Juni wurden insgesamt -II rote Flugzeuge im Lujlkainpi und zehn durch die Luftabwehr abgeschossen. Die Nationalen verloren sünf Apparate durch Luftabwehr. Burriana hallen die Roten zu einer starken Küilcnd.'jcsti guug ausgebaul. Der Kommandeur der bolschewistischen Lcoanle lruppen Halle noch vor wenigen Tagen erklärt, dak das Schick sal Burrianas entscheidend sei sür das Schicksal von Sagunl In Burriana wurden viele Gcsangenc gemacht, da die nalio nalcn Truppen sür die Bolschcwislcn völlig über- raschend eindrangen. Ein Zahr Krieg in China Zapauische Bilanz / Kamps bis zur Entscheidung Aichleinmischung Der Londoner Ausschuß, der seit zwei Jahren das gcsäkr- liche Feuer des spanischen Krieges bewachen sollte, meldet einen Ersolg: die 27 Mächte des Nichteinmischungsabkommens haben beschlossen, die sremden Freiwilligen aus den spanischen Fron len herauszuziehen und den Wassenlicscrungen an die beiden spanischen Parteien durch die Wiedereinsührung einer vcrnüns- ligcn Kontrolle an den Landgrenzen und in den Häsen ein Ende zu machen. Es wird niemanden geben, der diesen Be schluß nicht mit Genugtuung liest. Er bedeutet jedoch nicht das Ende des spanischen Kriege, selbst im besten Fall seiner hundertprozentigen und rcibungs- losen Durchsührung aus allen Seiten — das muß mil real- politischer Nüchternheit festgestellt werden. Denn der Krieg ist in erster Linie eine Angelegenheit Spaniens, das also anch allein über das Ende zu bestimmen hat. und General Francs wird zwciscllos nicht die Wassel, niederlegen, bevor er seine Ziele erreicht bat. Da,u ist der Sinn des Kampscs ^,u ernst, der ja nichts weniger ist als ein Feldzug um die Selbstbehauptung Spaniens. Francs kennt den Gegner: er weist, dak niemals ein halber Sieg den Bolschewismus in Spanien zur Ruhe brin gen wird. Deshalb hat er bisher auch alle Wassenstillstands cmgedote und Vermilllungsbcmiihungen zurückgewiesen, die sich mit rolen Inseln aus der spanischen Landkarte absinden wollt.» - sie würden sich nur als Plallsorm sür nene Angriffe erweisen, und ein Friede aus solcher Basis wäre nichts anderes als ein zeitweiliger Massen still stand. Nichts spricht dasür, das, sich diese Meinung des nationalen Generals in den letzten Wochen geändert haben könnte, und sie lann sich auch nicht desKalb ändern, weil etwa die Londomr A-gelung auch ihm Hilssguellen verschliefst. Für ihn nämlich ändert sich die Kriegslage in keiner Weise. Im Gegenteil, man lann erwarten, daß sich bei einer wirklichen konsequenten Durch- jükrung der Londoner Beschlüsse nun erst recht die Ueberlegen. keil der nationalen Seite herausstellen wird. Auch dieser Kncg ist ja nicht nur eine militärijche Angelegenheit: die wirljchastliche und politische Organisation im Hinterland? aber ist aus der nationalen Seite nun zwei Iabre lang mit Energie und Sach künde durchgesükrt worden, während die Valencia Bolschewislen nicht einmal mil den elementarsten Aufgaben fertig wurden. In? nationalen Teil Spaniens arbeitet heute crali, disziplinier! zuverlässig eine wokldurchdachlc Kriegswirlschasl. während im rolen Katalonien bekanntlich das einzige sunllioniercndc Insiru ment des Hinterlandes die Kriegsgerichte find, die Saboteure und Meuterer crschicsten lassen. Dieser Unterschied in der realen Kampfkraft, der dem Unter schied in den moralischen Werten durchaus entspricht, würde sich bei einer Fortführung des Krieges ohne jede Hilsc von draußcu mit aller Deutlichkeit offenbaren. Was sind denn die bolsche wistischen internationalen Brigaden okne den ständigen Nach schub an Menschenmaterial aus dein Ausland, ohne die iowjel russischen Tanks, die französischen Flugzeuge und die Muui- lionslranspvrte, die Tag sür Tag über die französische Grenze gegangen sind! Die Bolschewislen selbst Kaden nach der Be seftung der großcn Elektrizitätswerke in den südlichen Pnrcnäen durch die nationalen Truppen kaum den Kraslslrom, der die großcn Fadukcn in Barcelona in Gang hallen müßlc, wenn sie überhaupt eine geordnete Produllion ausiechlzuerkallen imstande wären. Nein, sür General Franco ist die ekrliche Richlem Mischung kein Problrm. Und deshalb lann er auch nicht in die Versuchung kommen, seine Kriegsziele zurückzuschrauben und seine kislvrische Ausgabe unersüllt zu lassen. Der Ausgang des Krieges in Spanien muß die k»n dertprozentige Klärung bringen, das gilt nach wie vor. Aber eins könnten die Abmachungen in London erreich! kadcn: dem Krieg seine europäische Gesakr zu n e k m e n. Gewiß sind es nun zwei Iabre ker, das, von dieser europäischen Gesakr gesprochen wird, nnd sie ist immcr „Ge ß,kr" geblieben. Aber es hat doch auch Tage gegeben, in denen diese Gesakr erschreckend nakerücklc. Noch vor wenigen Wochen Kai man in Paris ernsthaft darüber beraten, od srainösische Armeekorps die Pnrenäengrenze überschreiten nnd Katalonien lvsetzcn sollten oder nicht. Die diplomatische Konstellation jener ?age erlaubte es schüestlich den Franwsen nicht, ibre Pläne durch'usükrcn: Englands Warnung wog schwer sür die sran wsischen Intercssen. Die Episode Hai aber blitzartig die euro ratsche Gesakr beleuchtet, die mit dem spanischen Krieg vom ersten Tage an verbunden ist. Man bat sich oon Ansang an keine Illusionen über die Bc> dculung des Nichltinmischunasaklemmens gemacht, da^. m Beginn der Auseinandersetzung in aller Eile akgeichlouen wurde. Im Lause der beiden Iakre ist dann die Regelung d.r Konlrelle und der vslichten nach und nach zerbröckelt, so d>?s; schließlich die Franwsen aus dem regen Gelckaslsoevlekr iil'.r k>ie sranzösische Pnienäengrenze kaum noch ein Hekl machten. Die erste Bedeutung des neuen Abkommen? liegt nun dann, das, man die Lücken wieder zu slopsen versuch^ ?>e .^inickziekuug der Freiwilligen gekt aker noch einen Schrill weiter, deshalb die enlbustastische Begriistung der Einigung t>ürch die englische Presse als den ersten wirklichen Fortschritt seil Bestehen des Nichleinmischungssnslems. B>sker war uker di-sen Punkt ernstkast nicht zu reden, weil die Bolichewisten, >,n >lekinen des :'!ichteinmilchunasausichuises also Sowjctiusti.ine >'ls der 5inlermann der Valencia Regierung idre internationalen ?ngaden einfach sür uncntdekrlich kielten. Man Kai sie oerleug- net. man Kai sie getarnt, indem man den ausländischen Kom munislen spanische Passe in die Tailbe steckte, und schließlich kat man durch taktische Knisse die nationale Seile da», zwingen wollen, ikre Freiwilligen zuerst zur»ckiu>ieken. Nur waren Deutschland unk Italien die Vaier des An- lraqs, alle ausländischen Hilfskräfte aus Spanien iuruckui- ueken. Aus einseitige Leistungen, die praktisch aus eine Unter- kwltung der Bolschewislen b.nguslitscn, ließen sie sich selkstner- Nandlich nicht ein. Nun ist die Zunicktiehiing von allen Seiten beschlossen. Da mit ist sie noch nicht durchgeführt. Nach allen Ei- sakrungen, die man bisher mit Abmachungen über Spanien wachte, mus, diese Bemerkung des Mihlrauens leider dick unter- strichen werden. Auch Mockau Kai zugestimmt, wenn auch noch unter Vorbekalt, aber Moslaus Sache slekt und lallt in Spa r"en mit der Einmischung: darüker ist man sich in London. Rom Und Berlin «benss im klaren wie in Moskau. Wird Moskau Schangkai, i>. Juli. An dem beuiigen ersten Jahrestag des chinesisch-japanische» »eujlilis stcken d'e siegreichen japanischen Truppen mitten in Zeniralchina und kaum Kilometer vor den Toren bcr augenblicklichen chinesischen Haupistadt Hantau. Nach der gestern ersolglen Eroberung der überaus wichtigen Schlüsselstellung bei der am Iangise liegenden Stadl Hutau dürslc» alle in dieser Gegend stehenden chinesischen Truppen von Hankau abgeschnitten sein. Bei der gestrigen Eroberung von Hukau spielten 50 sapa- nifche Kriegsschisse, die aus dem Iangtfe nach der Durchbrechung der Fluhsperre bei den Matangsorls bis dahin vorgedrungen waren, durch ein wirksames Boiubardcmenl der Verteidigung!, slellttiigen an Land eine wichtige Rolle. Die japanischen Minen- suchboole sind bereits weiter stromaufwärls in Richtung Hanl»» vorgeslostcn. Dabei haben sie zahllose chinesische Dschunke», die sich aus der Flucht nach Hanlau befanden, vernichte!. Wie lange dauert der Krieg noch? Tokio, t>. Juli. Anläßlich des keuligeu ersten Iakrcslagcs dcs chinesijch-japa tischen Krieges, der in gain Iapgn durch cin Toleugedenkeu de gangen wurde, machte Außenminister Genergl Uggli gus lgndischeii Presseoertrelern gegeniider einige Aussukrungen ükei die japanüche Außenpolilil und den zulüüftigen Kurs Japans in Ekina. Der Außenminister kelonle, Japan werde keine K r i e g s e i l l ä r u n g aussprechen, kanpljächlich um das Ver- källnis Japans zu anderen sremden Machlen nichl zu stören. in Werlen zu eiuem. sünf und zekn Sen gusgegekcn. Die laiicr liche Münze in Osglg kal schon Millionen Slück zur Aii7- g>ike nord-^reilel, nginlich Millionen Slüa Ein Sei, Kupsei. inünzeu. kü Millionen Sliick Fiini Sen und.'>n Millionen Slürl .iekn Sen Miiii,en aus Aluminium. Je eine Serie der neuen Geldslücke wurde in zwei Tempeln niedergelegl. Eine weilere Serie soll dem Kaiser durch den Fingiizminist^r überreich! werden, ehe der allgemeine Umlauf beginn!. Tschiangkaischeks Gedanken Der chinesische Oberbeseklskaber Marschall Tschianglgischel sag! in einem Arlikel, den er für ein mleruaiiouales Nachnchlen büro geschrieben kal, u. a., die japanische» Armeen kadcn große Gebiete unseres Landes gcwalljam besetz! und dor! überall Puppenregierungen gusrichlen lassen. Trotzdem bin ich am heutigen Tage jedoch sern pon jeder Panikstimmung. Die Au>.> sichlen sür unsere Nalion sind nicuigls besser gewesen. Eine zu nekmende Einigung ist ininrkalb des chinesischen Volkes zu dc uierien. odwokl Japan gerade dies zu verbinden! suchlc. Unsere Enischlossenktil, uuserc nalionale Ekre zu wakreii. ist pon unseren Feinden noch »ich! m vollem Unisang erlann! worden iind da! aus der gegnerischen Seite zu Verlusten gesükrl, die sich .lapan nichl lange leisten kann. Wir Kaken Slädie ger.iunil iiin die -'milialipe ,u wakren und unseie Kräfle zu schoiien. und dgs Ende des ers!en Kriege jakies siek! uns mil verdoppellen Kräslcn und noch großcrer Enischlollcnkcii weiter Widerstand leisten. Die deutschen Militärberater aus Wim abgereist Hanlau, «>. Juli. Die dculschcn Mililärberaler kadcn am Dicnslagpormillgg >>g!ikau perlassen und sich nach Honglong begeben. Die 'Ab reise wurde von cinem chinesischen Sprcchcr bekannlgcgebeii. der bli dieser Gelegenkeil der Taiigkcil dcr deulschen Vergler n Ekina mil anerkennenden Worten gedachte. Er wies daraus kin. daß sie aus eine m e k r als sunsjakrige Tälia leil in Ebing zuriickblicken könnlcn. Sie jeien gus Griind pon r i p a I d i e n st p e r I r ä g e n gngestellt gewesen, pon denen sie die chinesische Regiernng freiwillig entbunden dgke. ?er chiii.sische Sprecher schloß niil dein Hinweis, daß die deutschen Mililarbergler sich den Dgnl und die Anerkenniiiig der chmesi- schen Regierung sur ikre Taligkeil erworden kalien. Der Dank der chinesischen Regierung und des chinesischen Volles für die Arbeit dcr Beraler kam in einer größeren An >gkl oisiueiler Einlgdnngen in der leinen .'i'^che «Mi Äusdrnck. deren Hokepunli ein Akschiedsempsang kei Mgrschgll ?jchiang> kailchel und seiner Gallin bildete. A. wenn dem Käufer knapper Ware andere Ware angeboten wird, die der Lieferant neu in sein Programm ausgenommen hat: 4. wenn knappe Ware aus die Kunden nicht nach Mahgabe der Abnabme bei normaler Bedarfsdeckung, sondern ent sprechend der Abnahme anderer Ware verteilt wird. Als be sonder» verwerflich werden die Fälle bezeichnet, in denen Liese- ranten knapper Ware minderwertige andere Waren, die sie billig eingekauft haben, zu Preisen feilbieten, die einer hochwertigen Ware entsprechen, in der Erwarliing. dah sie der Käufer unbe seben mit abnimmt, um auch die knappe Ware zu erhallen. Die Preisüberwachiingssttllen werden angewiesen, in diesen und ähnlichen Fällen rücksichtslos einzuschreilcn. Dcr Reichskommissar betont, dah er sich aus die Entschuldigung, selbst beim Einkauf zu Koppelungen gezwungen zu sein «der aus entlastend« Be- tenerungen der Abnehmer nicht einlassen könne. Die »nerwnnschten volkswirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen und das ^erweisliche der Handlungsweise zwängen bei dem Ans- mah. das die Koppelungsgeschäste angenommen ballen, zu in» nachsichtlicher Härte. Zapans Krafi L. Tokio, Ende Juni. Dcr bishcrig'c Verlauf dcs Kricgcs in China hat die oor- kcrrjchcndc Ansicht bestätigt, daß die Kriegsükrung fü. Japan nuk^ ein wirtschaftliches als cin militärisches Problem ist. Die militärische Uebcrlegenkeil Japans über China ist genügend erwiesen, auch wenn China — wie es bisher dcr Fall war und wohl auch wcilcrhin sein wird — von driticn Mächten wirksam unterstützt wird. Wirtschaftlich hingegen ist Japan vor schwere Aufgaben gestelll, dcrcn Lösung es allerdings mit grojzcr Ent schlossenheit in die Hand genommen hat. Schon im Herbst crlanntc dic japanische Slaatssührung. daß dcr Krieg länger daucrn würdc, als zu Beginn angcnommcn worden war. Mil dcn selbst sür dic größlen Optimistcn u»cr- warlcien Ersolgcn aus den Kriegsschauplätzen wuchs die Uc^cr- icugur>g. daß dic Gelegenheit günstig wäre, um nichl nur dic nordchincsischc, sondern gleich die gcsamlchincsische Frage mit dem Schwer! zu löscn. Dazu mußte man die »och ganz auf Friedenswegen wan delnde Wirlschast so umslcllcn, daß fic einer längeren Kri "!- dauer gewachsen war. Hierbei ist man von vornherein einer menschlich nakelicgcndcn Verlockung ausgewichen, nämlich dem Versuch cincr Tcrminbcstimmung. Selbst der Feldherr kann nie oorkerfagen, bis wann er den Krieg beendigt haben wird. Setz! man dcr Kriegführung mit Rücksicht auf eine zu er- warlcnde wirlschaslliche Atemnot bestimmte Endtermine, so ver- liert dic Polilil ihre Handlungsfreiheit, denn sie muß sich dann bei dcn großen Enljchcidungen von de» wirtschaftlichen Herz beklemmungen das Gesetz dcs Handelns vorschreiben lossen. Die Japaner haben darum von vornherein von einer Tcrnliubcsliminung abgesehen und ihren kriegswirtschaftlichen Entfernungsmesser aus „Unendlich" eingestellt. Sollten normale Friedenszustände wiederkehren — um so besser, sagen sie: aber wir wolle» ja nicht daraus warten, sondern uns auf eine zeitlich unbegrenzte Dauer dcr gegenwärtigen Wirtschafts lage einrichten. Bei dieser Umstellung von dcr Friedens- zur Kriegswirtschaft ist ihre Hauptschwicrigleit dic Einfukrsragc. Zur unmittelbaren Kricgsiikrung braucht Japan von auswärts Erze. Eisen, Stahl, Oel, Maschinen und Chemikalicn um nur das Wichtigste zu nennen Um dic zur Bezahlung diescr Einsuhr ersordcrlichcn Eroongistcr sabrizieren zu können, bedarf die japanische In- dustrie dcs weilcrcn dcr Einjuhr von Baumwolle. Wolle, Häulen und Fellen, Guttapercha, Holz und Zellulose. Danl Japans Inscllage und Seebekerrschung ist zwar das Z u s u k r p r o d l e m lediglich cin Bezahlungsproblem. So lauge cs scinen Einsuhrdedarf bezahlt, kann es kaufen, was es will. Sperren kann ihm das niemand. Aber auch so ist das Problem schwer genug, denn dcr Kricg hat dic Einjuhr im ver- ggngcneri Jahr mächtig anschwellen lassen. Mit einem Einsukr- Überschuß von rund 7tt» Millionen Hen schloß das erste Kriegs- jgkr ab Um cin Abfinkcn dcr Währung zu verhindern, verkaufte Japan Gold im Wcrlc von lausgcwicscnermakcnl M7 Millionen ?sen. Da dci Kiicgsbcginn dcr Goldbestand I7W Millionen delrug. jctzl dagegen lgul Ausweis dcr Staatsbank nur noch ^ul Millionen, isl ocrmullich noch mcbr Gold hinausgcgangcn, okne daß die Versikissungen mitgeteilt wurden. Dg eine Fortsetzung dieser Wirtschaslsarl früher oder später -u dem tolcn Punkl kä»c sükrcn müsscn, wo dcr Goldbestand zu Endc ging, wurdc dic Einsukr so weil gedrosfell. daß sie in diesem Iakr wieder normal ist und unlcr Zukilscnakme der >"cwinnc a is dem sogcnanulcn unsichtdarcn Handel lSchissabrl. Versicherungen. Verzinsung japanischer Vermögensanlaaen im ^lusland usw.l sich e!wa ausgleichen dürslc. Um das zu er reichen, mach! dic Aussukrinduftric starke Anstrengungen. Sie bat zum Teil Gelände verloren, weil ikr einerseits die Rokstoss-' iekr beschnitten waren lwas letzt vor allem in dcr Tcrtilindustric > ls Fcklcr crlannt wordcn ist und gcändcrt wirdl, zum anderen weil ihre Hcrslcllunaskvslcn durch das erhöhte japanische Vreis- nipegu so gcslicgcn sind, daß dic bisbcr konkmrenzlos billigen sapgnischen Waren aus manchen Auslandsmärkten nicht mehr wettkewcrbssäkig waren. Gold gelt aus dem jetzigen Rest- bestand dcr Staatsbank nicht mehr hinaus, sondern gegebenen- s>'lls wird nur noch das durch eigene Golderzeugung gewonnene Gold looiwiegend in Korea und Nordmgndschukuol benutzt, dgs iinmerkin jakrlich rund Millionen bclrägt. Durch diese .?!aß>iakmcu ist Japan auf dem Wege, die Nriceic'sükruna, dic Ziinachsl aus dcm Vollen gcwirlschaslct lx"it. in den Hauskall einzusägen. Unangclastcl sind noch zwei große ^igslrclerpen: l Die Volk^ernäkrung. Sie macht in absehbarer Zeit keiner lei Schwierigkeiten. Die wesentlichen Lebensmittel des Volkes. Reis und Fisch, sind aus lange Sicht in ausrcichcndcn Mcng-g rorkanden. und dg Korcg. Mandschukuo und ncucrdings auch Ekina mil großcn Mengen an Ledcns- und Futtermitteln zur Versügung sleken. ist die Ernakrungsgrundlaqe gesichert. Zwar k,chcn Landwirischasl und Fischerei Arkeilermangel. weil die slgrle Saugwirlung der Rüstungsindustrie durch ikre koken Konjunklurleknc die Arkeilskräsle vom Lande in die Slad:e Ziekl Ader diirch Motorisierung, perslärkle Genossenschgfts- kildung und freiwillige Gegensesligkeitskilse. die strgss orggni> sicrl ist. wird dcr Rlgngcl gusgeglichen. Alle Lebensmittel sind in aroßen Mengen und zu relgiiv noch recht niedrigen Preisen vorbanden. ^ Dic Ekgraktcrstarke Wer Japan kennt, weiß, daß dieses Volk, wenn naiionale Roiwendigleilen es ersordern, >u einer gewgliigen Willensanspannung imstande ist. Diesen pincholoqi- schen .Makler lassen dic mil Takellen und Statistiken rechnenden NaNonalelonemen slels außer Betrachl. weil er aus dcm gruncn ?isch ikrer Wisienschasl keinc Dasemsdcrechtigung kgt. Und doch üt cr imstande, alle ikrc Berechnunaen urnmwcrsen. denn Eka- raklcrslgrke und Willenskraft eines Volkes sind sur den Rechen- slill unmeßbar Nur dcr geniale Staatsmann vermag sie >u iueisen. da er dasur ein geKeimes Organ hat Dic charakterlich- Krasireserve Japans ist im gegcnwarliaen Kriege noch unange- laslcl, da dic Kricgsukrung dcm Volle spürbare Opser noch laum auserlegt bat. Im Gegenteil, die Kriegskonjunktur bat die soiiale Lage der breiten Massen disker eber aedoden, so daß in Tiapan das Leben zur Zeit mil starkem Pulsschlaa dabin- strömt. Die glänzenden militärischen Ersolge baden da» Ver- Irauen zur Slaalssukrung. oor allem zur glükend geliebten Wehrmacht, ins Gren>enloie geboben und aus der inneren Politik alle GeaenlaNe verwischt Die Nalion ist in einer leelisch ae- kes-enen i^'iMMiing ."'^de Aikeii-'-losigfeil ist fortaeleat. nach Aideilslraslen kerrschl stürmische Nachfrage, die Einkommens- Verhältnisse der Arbeiterschaft sind ausgezeichnet, die Kauskrosl Was ist eine verbotene Koppelung? Eine Warnung des Neichskommissars siir Preisbildung Nr 155 ZvamdurverAazrlge? s. Juli 1S3S Parleimitgliedsnummer 8 Ulrich Mal Kl> Zahre «II Hculc wird Ulrich Gras, der lrcue Bcgleilcr Adols Hillcrs in dcn crstc» -)akrcn des Kampscs der ^ISDA P um dic Macht. 6ll ^ahrc all. Ulrich Gras wurdc in Bachkagcl in Bancrn ani ->.ili 1^7^ gcborcn. Er trat mi> l^i -"iirtircu jrciwilli.z kciili >, Banrischcn Fcldarlillcricrcqimcn! ein, um dic Unlcroljuicrslauibahii zu ergreif,». Zl'»cgcn Dicnslbcjcha digung wurde er »ach achl wahren als dauernd dienst unsäkig ettllasscn und crkiclt im Scplcmbcr l!W4 eine Anjlcllung als Bcamlcr bci der Sladl München. Nach dem Kricgc sticß Ulrich Kral sosorl zu den Krciscn. dcic» Sorgc der '.ukunst des Reiches gall. Bcrcils im Frükjakr lUIII. als er sich wieder in seiner allen Stelle als Frcibanlmcislcr im Munchcner Schlachl- und Vicbkos bcsand. lernte er 'Adols Viller kennen, von dessen Scilc er bei keiner Vcranslallung dcr Iliigc» Parlci und Bcwcgung wich. Ulrich Gras, der den Fükrer zu seinem persönlichen Schul, in die Kundgckuugcn und Versammlungen bcglcilclc, gill als d.is Porbild des lreuen LA-Kameraden im Einsal, siir die Bewegung und seinen Fübrcr. Am denkwürdigen November l!>2'!. jenem Tage, an dem seiger Vcrral die Gnvckrc deulscher Soldalcn aus die aus dem Marsch bcsind lichcn Nalionalsvzialislc» zur Fcldkcrrnkallc richlen licß. wars Gras sich vor den Rubrer und dcckle ihn vor dcn Kugeln niil icincm Lcik Gras crkicll eine ganze Reibe von Schuß r>>llcs,ungen in Brusl. Beine und Arm. Erst in dem großcn Piozcß vor V-m Vr>llsgcrichl sab Gras, der drei Monale in einer Klinik ^»bringen mußte. den Rubrer wieder. Man bc>asz seinerzeil den traurigen Mul, Ulrich Gras wegen seiner Bclciügung an der Hillcr-Bcwcgung vom 9. November l'i^i zunächst srisllos aus dem städtischen Dicnst zu enllasjen. dann akcr wurde Gras in den Rukesland vcrscszl. Nach der Nn>l!ckr 'Adols Hillers aus d?r Festung Landskcrg versuchle Ulrich Gras seinen gewobnlen Diensl an der Seile des Fükrcls wieder aulzunckmcn Die folgen seiner schweren Pcilclzungc» liesien icdoch die Aussülluug seiner veranlworlungsvollen Aul g.ikc nichl nv'kr zu. Ulrich Gras irägl die Parlcimilglicdsnummcr 8, er isl -Z»- kakcr der drei Ekrcnzcichcn der NSD'AP. Za?an znr Besetzung der Parntel-Znseln Ein unberechligler Anspruch Tokio, l>. ^>ili. Dcr Splcchci des Aiißcnaiiilcs crklärlc Keule zur Frage dc> Belebung der P a r a c c I > ,^ » s c l n durch sraiijösischattnanii lijchc 'Polizei unler Fiikruug srauzösischcr Ossizicrc. das; I!>2 > und l!l2l von sranzösischer und brilischer Seile erklärl worden ici. das; die Paraccl Inseln zum Vcrwallungsbczirk Haina» gc- Köllen. Der Sprecher des Auszcnamlcs bclonlc, daß ein An spruch -^ndochinas oder Frankreichs aus die Paraccl 7>nicln de? kalk unberechIiql sei dcr kveilen Massen sleigl, der Warcuumsaß heb! sich dauernd, und die Sparkassengulkaben schwellen an Auzunckmcn isl. das, ungesäkr im gleichen Tempo, in dem die japanische Wirlschasl sich einem zeillich unbcgrcnzlc» Kriege ausländ anpaßt. die Kisker vssensiv vorgclragcnc lund cni sprechend loslspieügercl Kricgslükrung in eine desensive über gcki. die sich aus eine mililärischc Sicherung des bejestlen Ge kicl-s bcschlänkl Bis Ende des Sommers diirsicn die Japaner auch H a i> k a u gcnomnien kabe». das nichl nur polilijch und mili «arisch, sondern auch wirlschasl! ich sc kr bedeutsam isl. dcn» dorl liegen Ckina? lcislungssgkigslc Eisenwerke und vor allem dic Wcllmonopolgckiclc siir das so sebr bcackri- Wolsram. 7a Japans ^'irlschaslslaae selbsl bei einer peisimisli schen Prognose jedensalls siir absckbare ^eil von irgendwelchen Ualaslropkengesakren weil enliernl isl. Kaken dic Javaner dann die Enlschcidungssrcikeil. ob sie sich mil dem Gewonnenen zu Iiieden geben oder auch noch das Problem Kanlon in Angriss nekmcn. was wegen der unmillelkaren Nabe Hongkong, und der Gesakr eines Konslikles mil England nalnrüch sekr ge wagl wäre. Hochsiul-Kalastrophe in Kode E«»ze elidililli u»ln »»Her — El» Zttllchei Ichlltl »nlitzl? EtnatsWuWliliiz Nack anhaltenden, wolkcnbrucharliften RcAengüssen und heiliAcn Stürme» ist dic Stadt Kode und ihre nähere Um- gebunq von einer schweren Ucberschwcmmungslatastropbc heim gesucht worden, wie sie sich seit Ü5 Jahren nickt mehr ereignet hat. Hast dic ganze Sladl isl überslutel und Taulende von Ge bäuden slckcn unlcr Wasser. Nach bisherigen Meldungen hat dic surch'bare :Xalurlalaslropke bereits ls>.'! Todesopfer gesorderl. Wcilcrc I II Pcrsoncn wcrdcn vermisit und gellen ebensalls als toi. Dic Zahl dcr Berichten geht in mehrere Hunderte. Mit einer Erhöhung der Zahl der Todesopser mub gerechnet wcrdcn. Eine amtliche Hilssaktion sür Kode ist mit Beikilse dcs Militärs in dic Wcge geleitet worden. Die grohe Zahl der Menschenopfer erklärt sich daraus, dab die Hochslut mit rasender Schnelligkeit herankam. Das Blatt „Tokio Asahi L-mimbun" meldet, dah das Unwetter auch mehrere Ausländer schwer betrosse» hat. So seien ein Deutscher und ein Franzose schwer verletzt worden. Ferner würden ei« portugiesischer Kausmann und drei «inder vetmibt. ' Palästina kommt nicht zur Ruhe Der englische TruMnoorlM — ein Puls ins Leere Jerusalem, k. Juli, lVon unserem > l - B e r i ch l e r st a t I e l) ^ür Palästina licgl nach wic vor cinc Bcsricdung in weiter ,>^inc. "m icrusalcm ist von niemandem verstanden worden, nic dcr biilischc Koloiiialsclrclär vor dcm Unlerkaus erklären lonnlc. dcm Ausrubr sci das Rückgrat gcbrochen. Der Kolo- nialsclrc!är Halle nichl von einem Brechen des Rückgrats, son dern von cincr Umstellung der Taktik rcdcn lollen. dic die Frciichärlcr inzwischen vollzogcn haben. Sic warcn dazu gczwungc». scildcm das englische Militär nichl nichr wic srühcr nur gclcgcnllich crpcdilionswcise oorslicb, son dern scin Ouarlicr lcilwcisc in die Dörfer des ausrührerischen Gcbirgcs selbst verlegle. Von diesem Augenblick an muhte sich dic Taklik dcr Hrcischä^ler ändern; dic Umstellung gelang sosorl. Schon dcr übcrraschcnd gedachte Vorstok der britischen Truppcn in dic 7örscr pusilc ins ^cere: dic Freischärler warcn u n a u s s i n d b a r. Bci dem innerhalb zwei Tagen erfolgten Einmarsch in dic Gcbirgsdörscr ist cs in ganz Palästina nichl zu cincm cinzigcn Gcjcch» gckommcn. Scildcm Kaden die Ausriikrer die Parole ausgegeben, Ge- scchlcn mil Mililär nach Möglichkeit übcrhaupt aus dem Wege ;u gcbcn und sich desto mehr auf dcn Terrorismus zu verlegen und S'ikolagcaklc an Telephon- und Elcllriziläls-Dräklcn, Eil>nbaknschic»cn. Brückcn. Slras,cn usw zu vollziehen. Ruft- b.iumc nicdc'uir.ikcn. Pslaniungcn und Ernlen zu verbrennen und in jeder Beziehung der Regierung und den Juden Schaden zniusüg^n Auch isl eine wesenlliche Verstärkung des Rekrutenstandes stinuslellen' dic Ausrükrer erhalten jehl^ (>ulaus von ollen Sailen, meist nielden sich l!>. bis ^ljährige Burschen, aber nur ein ?eil von iknen kann genommen werden, weil der Massen- b> stand sonst nichl ausreichen würde Nach wic vor kommen >'»>-> Snrien ''siasscn und M^nilion- die Finanzlage soll sich ver- kclserl haben Spott und Hohn ? ür d c n „T e g a r t - Z a u n" Es isl erlknlich. daü eine Zeitlang Verwirrung über d.'n ..Tegarl Zaun" in Freischärlerkreisen herrschle. Man wühle zu nächst damil nichls anuisangen Bald aber waren snris.be 'ngcnienre aus dem Plan, dic lebrlen. wic clcklrlsch geladener Drabl lauilos und gcsabrlo:, durchschnillcn wcrdcn kann. Spälcr s.ckcile durch, das- die Eleklrisizierung dieses Draktzauncs längs k^er ^!ordgr>nze zu drci Viertel ein Bluss isl. Man wuhte aus k^er ?l',ellkriegszeil. daü n>an böchstcns aus zwei Kilometer Vange kochgespannlcn Slron>. der noch lölel. durch Siachcldrakl schicken kann. Es würde also längs >er ^11 Kilomelcr Nordgrenze >iner grasten Anzakl von eleklrischen Kraslstalionen bedürfen, »in wirklich di>- ganze Gren>e >»>ler Hochspannung zu sehen Englische <?s>>ziere selbst waren unoorsichlig genug, sich in diese>n Sinne zu aus.ern. und gerade in ikren Kreisen Hai Herr Tegari nni semer Zannidee viel Spoll gesunden. Man müsse, io austeilen dieic Ossiuere laul. alle ls!>1 Melcr einen starken Ui>lelojs!;ie>pelien ziii Bewachung des Zaunes kinslellen. weil cs jenli den ^Irakern keioiiders in der Nachl lcichl gclingen werde. Breii n nkcr deii 'salin ;u legen und über diese wie über eine B'.lickc kinüber zu spazieren. Wenn nian aber soviel Truppcn aujwendcn will, braucht man lcincn Tcgarl-Zaun mckr. Erziehung zum Nationalismus Ein keiondcrcs ^>or> isl über den Geis! der Freischärler- lnipp-- zu sageii Enlgegen dcr von brilischer und jüdischer Scilc l'erbreilcirn 'Aiisjassuna. dast die 'Araber selbst am mcislen unlcr den Terroristen, die wic die Vandalen unlcr ihncn hauslen. leiten, weiden die Freischärler überall im Vande auberbalb d.-: Siädie als Soldalcn dcr cigcncn Armee angesehen und liebevoll ausgenommen Ei» jüngster Voisall in Sased sprich! dasür Dort warcn Ken» Angriss aus dcn ..Tegarl-Zaun" zwei Freischärler gesall^n und ibre ^eicheii nach Sased zur Polizei gebracbl worden. An der Spilze einer M.ii ie sord^rle der arabische Bürgermeister di- Herausgabe der deichen ziir BeerdigiiNg und erkiell sie. — Commander Rosendahl, der Leiter des amcrikanischcn Luslschisshascns Lakchurll. dcr sich zur ^eil aus cincr Dcutsch- landrcisc befinde!, stattete auch der Kriegsmarincstadl Kiel einen Bcsuch ab ?er polnische Auhenminister besucht Riga Wie aus zuverlässiger Quelle verlautet, soll dcr polnische Archcnminislcr Beck am 12. Juli zu einem zweitägigen Aujent- hal! in Riga eintreffen. ? Berlin, k. Juli. Mit dem Ziele der Verschmelzung der Angehörigen der deut schen Polizei mit der Schuhstaffel der NSDAP zu einem ein heitlich ausgerichteten Staatsfchutzkorps des nationalsozialistischen Reiches hat der Reichsführer A und Thef der deutschen Poli zei Bestimmungen über die Ausnahme von Angehörigen der Sicherheitspolizei in die Schuhstassel gctrvssen. Angehörige der Sicherheitspolizei können aus Antrag in dic Schuhstassel ausgenommen werden, wenn sie die allgemeinen Bedingungen der U erfüllen und bis zum M. Januar 1W Mitglied der NSDAP oder ihrer Gliederungen geworden sind oder feit einem vor diesem Termin liegenden Zeitpunkt för derndes Mitglied dcr ^ sind oder wenigstens drei Jahre in der Sicherheitspolizei unter der Führung des Reichsführers ^ Dienst geleistet und sich bewährt haben. Die dienstgradmäbige Eingliederung in die. ^ erfolgt in einem den polizeilichen Dienstgraden entsprechenden ^-Rang. Die Zulassung der Aus nahme eines weiteren Pcrsoncnkrciscs behält sich der Reichs führer ^ vor. Der Erlaß bedeutet einen weiteren wichtigen Schritt auf dcm Wege dcr Einheit von Partei und Staat auf dem Gebiet dcr Polizei, nachdem ähnliche Bestimmungen vor einiger Zeit auch sür dic Ordnungspolizei schon erlassen wor den sind. MeineliWlsche millleilt Memcl, g. Nuli. Der Kriegskoinmandant dcs Mcmelgebicles hat die Memcl» dculschen Richard Wiechert, Walter Flach mit je einem Iakr, Berthold Beyer, Walter Behl, Heinz Ianuschcit mit jc scchs Monatcn, Paul Prchlcr, Erwin Meckelburg mil jc drei Mo. naten Zwangsarbeitslager bcstrast. Ferner erhielten Hans Laudzin und Alfred May je drei Monate Gefängnis. Sechs weitere Memeldeutsche werden dem Kriegsgericht zur Aburteilung übergeben. Diese Bestrafungen und dic noch ausstchcnden Verfahren gegen Memeldcutschc hängen mit dcn Zwischcnsällen vom 21. Juni anläßlich des Eintreffens des Molorschisfes „Preußen" im Memeler Hafen zusammen. Schweres IlngM beim Brunnenbiiu Gifhorn, K. Juli. In dem Dorfe Croya, Kreis Gifhorn, hat sich ein schweres Erplosionsunglück zugetragen. Beim Brunnenbau stießen Ar beiter in 45 Meter Tiese aus einen großen Stein, dcr durch Sprengung beseitigt werden sollte. Dic Sprengladung kam aber vorzeitig zur Explosion. Dcr Bohrmeister erlitt schwere Bein- und Arinverlehungen, denen er alsbald erlag. Vier weitere Brunncnarbeiter wurden schwer verletzt und mußten in Braun- schweiger Krankenhäuser übergeführt werden. zrenniMItsiiertlllz Ztlllien-Mniiichilliilo Tokio, K. Juli. Das auswärlige Aml gab Dienstag ossiziell dic Unterzeich nung des Freundschasls» und Handelsvertrages zwischen Ilalien und Mandschukuo bekannt. Der Vertrag wurde von italienischer Seite durch den Führer dcr italienischen Wirtschaftskommission, Botschaster Conti, und durch den mandschurischen Botschafter Huny Buan Chentuo unterzeichnet. Syrien verweigert die Llnlerschrist Eine dramatische Szene / liirken. Franzosen und Araber Jerusalem, K. Juli. Nach einer amllichen Mitteilung dcs syrischc» Außcnmini stcriums hatte der türkische Außenminister dcn Vcrtrclcr Syriens in Ankara, Emir Adcl Arslan, zu sich gcbclcn. ^n Gcgcnwarl dcs sranzösischen Bolschaslers wurdc Emir Adcl Arslan von dcm lürlischcn Außenminister aujgcsordcrl, den Verlrag Frank reichs mit dcr Türkei über den Sandschak Alcrandrctlc mit zu i'.nlcrzcichncn. Dcr Vcrlrctcr Soricns lcislclc wcdcr dcr Aus sordcrung. Platz zu nchmcn, Folge, noch gab er dic gcwünschlc Unlcrschrisl. Er behielt sich vielmehr die Wahrung aller Rechte vor, die Syrien im Sandschak habe. Es erscheint somil ausgeschlossen, daß Syrien, jedenfalls soweil die aegenwärlige Regierung in Fr„gc komml, dem franzo- siich-liiilijchcn Sandschal-Abkommcn beitritt. Die Türken in Aiexandrette Antiochia, !^uli. 'Im Lause des Dienslagnachmillag lras eine Abteilung der lürlischcn Truppcn in dcr Stadl Alcrandrcllc cin, wo sic von dcm sranzösischen ^bcrsl Eollel unlcr dcm Klang dcr sranzö- silchen und lürkischen ^ialionalkymnen seierlich empsangen wurden. Eine zweite lürkijchc Abteilung marschierle in Kirikkban cin. Anläßlich dcs Einlrcssens dcr lürkischen Truppcn sind der Mittwoch und der Donncr^lag zu Fcicrlagcn erklär! ivordcn. Die türkischen Viertel in Antiochia und anderen Städten bilden cin einziges Flaggenmecr, da jcdcs Haus reichen Flaggcnschmuck trägt. Verhaltet — sein Gehilse bereits erschossen Jas Ende Milrosss London, k. Juli. Nach einer Meldung des „Daily Mirror" aus Warschau ist dcr rote Diktator der Sowjetunion, Stalin, anscheinend im Be- grisf, eine Generalsäuberung der Komintern und ihrer gesamten Zweigorganisationen durchzusühren. So wird die Verhaftung des Leiters dcr Komintern und ehemaligen bulgarischen Bol- schewislen Dimitroff gemeldet, der seinerzeit im Berliner Reichs tagsbrandprozeß Angeklagter war. Die beiden Hauptorganifa» toren der tommunistifchen Propaganda im Ausland und Ge hilfen Dimitroffs, Konicss und Popoff, letzterer ebenfalls aus dcm Reichstagsbrandprozeß bekannt, sollen bereits hingerichtet sein. Stalin soll die Absicht haben, die Leitung der einein Sonderausschuß übertragenen Untersuchung der gesamten Ko- minternverwaltung persönlich in die Hand zu nehmen. Die Verhastung Dimitrosfs soll in dessen eigenem Büro er- solgt sein. Es wird behauptet, daß Dimitroff Stalin über die wahre Lage im fpanischcn Bürgerkrieg lrregesührl und zuviel Geldmittel zur Unterstützung der rotspanischen Regierung aus- geworsen habt. Das Gartenquartett Von ono Ncbcirhm, Einc Micsc niil Apsclbaumc» wird von cincm brcilcn Kicswca durchlchnillcn. an dclscn Randci Edclrolcn gcpslanzl sind! Es gib! abivcchslungsrcichc>c. cs gibl Slcllcn in cincm Garlcii dic ausgcwogcncr und licblichcr scin Ml'gcn. abcr ich weiß mi> kcin cchlcrcs Gartcnwcrk zu dcn lcn. auch kcins. das in cinc»! lolchcn :?iaszc dic Sinnc anjprichl Dic Wicsc. dic Roscn und dic ,'tcpscl sind cin Trio von nic vcr lojchcndcr Eindringlichlcit. Si>- wcrdcn zu cincm Quarlctl. denn dcr Mcnich. dcr sic pslcgl, schal lcl sich cin. -Ich kallc dic Wicsc nichl laubcrlich kurz, sondcrn jchnci^c sic wic d>c Landlcuic drci- bis vicrmal im -Iakr. So wachsen bis zur Rcisc dic Grascr und Blumcn dcs crslcn. dcs zwcilcn. dcs drillcn >i»d manchmal auch dcs vicrtcn Schnillcs in dcm Rcichlum ibrcr Abwcchjlung Apscl und Rosc kallcn mich vom sriikcslcn Friikjakr bis spai in dcn Winlcr. Mich? Sic kabcn dic Mcnlchcn ackaltcn. jcil d>-m dcr ^chövicr cs gcstallclc. dcn Wildling bcidcr Arlcn ^>i pcrcdcln jcil Er durch cincn Finacrzcig daraus kinwics. d.l>> >>nci nichl Wildling zu klcikcn braiichc. Ein cinzigcs Mal aak Er in cincm Balim lliid in cincm Sirauch dic Aknliilg von tiil>-. ri-'lcii Fruchl. dic Akniing cincr vollkommcncn Blumc. dann iil'crlicjz Er sic dcn Mcnlchcn. damil sic damit tälcn. was ikncn >ur Liisl sci Zu andcr^n Blumcn. zu andcrcn Baumsriichici' niaa dcr Drana dcs Mcnlchcn crlakmcn. zum Apscl und zur >'olc nic. wcil sic scin Mcrk. wcil sic dcr Spicgcl seiner Scclc sind Wcnn ich im Friikiabr. um dic Rindcn zu säubcrn. und zur H?rkslzcil. um dic Fruchle zii brcchcn. in mrinc Apsclbaumc st.-igc. acwakrc ich an dcn Zivciacn dic Psropsslcllcn. Mcin ä.isz slckl in cincr Gakclung dcs Wildlingsslammcs. mcinc Hand Kall sich an dcm Zwcia scst. dcr cinstmals nichl zu ikm arks>rtc. dcr alifacp'ropst wiirdc als Rci? von cincm wicdcriim >1N cincm andcrn Baum ausacpsropstcn Zwcig acschnittcn Dic !>ruchl. dic dicicr Zwcia trägt, an dcm ich mich Kall?, ist das t^ckildc dcs Mcnlchcn durch dic ^akrtauscndc. nie wicdcr zu acwinncn au» dem sonst allen Pflanzen vorgezeichneten Wege, dcm Samen. Dic Gcsibichle der bewußlcn Züchtung bei ersten edlen ?l"sc>s und dcr crttcn edlcn Nolc isl in Dunkcl gcküllt E? l"Ncn sich allcrlci Märchen crtindcn clwa von cinl-m uricil lichcn kaiikasilchen S>cdlcr. der in Waldcrn wildcr Apsclbaumc dic crslc jüsischmcckcndc Fruchl sand. vcrgcblich vcrsuchlc. sic ous ^amcii zu vcrmcbrcn und cndlich aus dcn Wcg der Psropsung vcrjicl: maii ko»nlc niil cinigcr Bcrcchligung das Bild eines chiiiclijchcn Ziichlcrs viclc Tguicndc von Zabrcn vor Ekrisll ^'cburl cnlivcrscn. dcr in cincm unsagbaren Glücksfall dic mckr blättrig duslcndc Rolc laiid, die cinc unlcr kundcrltauscndcn Es licßc sich crzäklcn. wic cr mit cincm Mcsscr cin Augc voll dicicr Rosc abjchnilt. cs unlcr dic Rindc cincs Wildlings ein ichob und cs mil Bändcrn daran bcscsliglc' cin oknc Zweiscl von icincn Gollcrn ikm cingcgcbcncr Einsa»! Nichl in Diinkcl gcbulll isl dic wcilcrc Gcschichlc dcs Apsels und dcr Rosc. sic isl bis in allc Einzclbcilcn bekannt, es geschickt das Mcrkwürdigc. daß sich an ikr, an der Pslege bes Apsels lind dcr Rost ablcscn las», ob die Menschheit aus Höhen wan- dcllc odcr cinc Zcil dcs Vcrsalls durchlilt. ob Fricdcn und Ruhc kcrrschlc odcr dic Erdc von Haß und Kricg bcdrokl war. Allc großcn Hcrrschcr nakmcn sich dcs Obstbaues an. bic allcn pcrsüchcn Königc sowohl wie Karl dcr Große, Friedrich Barbarossa. Fricdrich dcr Groszc. Als dic Renaislanccstadtc zu kliikcn bcganncn. warcn cs dic Vcrwaltungcn dicscr Städlc. dic groszc Ankauungcn von Apsclbaumcn durchscszlcn und Vor- schrillcn siir ikrc Pslcac kcrausgabcn. Dcr Große Kuriürst ver- brachlc scinc Miiszcilundcn bcim Psropscn der Apsclbäume, Fricdrich Wilkclm I vl>n Prcuszcn nichl mindcr. -^n dcr Rosc spiclt Eros, und zwar dcr nicdrigc sowokl als auch dcr kochslc. Sic sind das Werk des Menschen, das unler scincn Handcn wicdcrgib'. was im Gcbeimsten in ikm ist. ?!m allcn Aikcn wiirdc dic Rose bei den Mysterien zu Ekren de» Dionnjos in das nächtliche Fcst gcworscni dic Blättcr dcr Lcn«,soll-, siclcn ükcr dic Tanzcndcn, dic vom Geist des Gottes und dcr Frücht, in dcr cr lcbcndiq. dcm Wcinc. trunkcn waren, damil sich allcs vcrniijchc^ dic Frlicht. dic Blumc. dcr Mcnsch ui Ekrcn dcs Gollcs Um das vcrcndcnde Rom der Cäsaren dcknlcn sich Roicnlcldcr von unvorstcllbarer Größe aus. so daß dcm Bancrn kcin Raum sür sein Getreide mekr blieb, auch diese Rolcn dicnlcn liir Fcstc. und cs ivarcn Feste, wo aus dcr Weibe Nachakmung wurde und maßlose Verschwendung! Knietief wateten dic Gäslc in dcn Palästcn der Riesenstadt ln Rosen- blättern, die Kissen, aus denen sie lagen, waren mit Rosen- blallcrn ausacslopst. mit Roscnöl die Leibt, gesalbt-, es wurden bci eincm Fcstc beim Kaiser Heliogabalos Gaste erstickt von Roicnblallcrn ausgcsunden, die von den Galerien in den Saal gcworscn warcn. Wakrcnd das acschab. Laubhymnc Von Rudolf Schmitt-Suljtbal Friedliche Wolke des Laubs! Flüsternd nur rükmst du. ''u dcs -^lahrcs müdcstcr Aiistr ig. di>- Schöpscrwcisk>'il im B.lum. Nimmcr qclänae das Eid' und Himmel fordernde Wert der Frucht, sorgtest nicht du, l....s Gcrcistcn bcitcre Heimat, in aütiq grünendem Wall-n dasür. dicklich zur Freude begannst du, dem siegenden Frühling ein mailicher Lorbeer! Noch im strengen Atem des Kampse», in de» Winters eisiq »erbaiichender Not. grüntest du aus. locklcst niil kuhncni Lcijpi^l dcr Knospcn zagcren Blüicnm>>t. Dann im Sonncnslciß des ^tahrs wehitest du dicht den oft zu goldenen Eiser, mildertest auch den gedeihenden Pfleglingen stets die Prüfung des Sturms Du bewahrtest den leicht Gesättigten länger des Regens flüchtige Gabe, dieltest sie aus mit tausend freundlichen Lippen. Und erschwellte endlich in stoliem Drängen dic von köstlichstem Atcm. von oller Wcscn lchönslcm, pon deinem Hauch gcnäbrtc hcilige Frucht, dann im Abcnd dcs ^lakrs im leuchtend ruhenden. — och! es belebnt dich mit Gold und Purpur. dcn Edrensarben der erschallenden Sonne — bann im Schale schauendcn trennenden Herbst gehst du den leijcstcn Abschird, wcbcst im hcilcren Mute dcs Schwell" nieder zum Fuß« dessen, der al, seinen Himmel dich trug. gibst im Tod noch dem Leben, das blcibt im »rkletchend«» üah» t. Beilage zu Nr. 155 Na»d«y«'A»zei«rr Mittwoch, «. Juli 1SZS «« Bericht von der HZ Erster Lagntag: ..Wie bei Mit«».. Wie wir berichteten, haben gestern sechs Sonderzüge mit insgesamt 7M0 Hitler-Junge» am Montaq und Dienstag Ham burg verlassen, um in die Zeltlager de» Gebietes Homburg zu fahren. Am kommenden Freitag werben noch mals 1000 Hitler-Iungen in da» Lager de» Iungbanne» 417 nach Uslar b. Solling und in das Lager der Marine-Hitler- Iuaenb in Neustadt i. Holst, fahren. Unter grohe: Anteilnahme der Bevölkerung zogen die Jun gen von der Wasserkante in die Zeltstädte in Mecklenburg, Thüringen, in der Kurmark, im Harz, in Plön und in Barn trup ein, während 2lM von ihnen m Fahrtengruppe» sich abzweigten, um die Schönheit?!» der Gaue Kurmark. Schle sien und Bayerische Ostmark, die !>ie ffahrtenziele de« Gebietes Hamburg sind, kennenzulernen Nach ei-em kräftigen Essen, das von Hamburger Köchen in den Magern zubereitet wurde, streckten bald alle die von der Bahnsakrt und dem Anmarschweg zum Lager ermüdeten Glieder aus weichem Stroh in den Zelten. „Es schläft sich hier genau so gut wie bei Mutter im weichen Federbett' so lautet die erste Nachricht aus dem Lager bei Warin. und so wird es überall sein. öt. Zer Sprung über bei Mimtlmtik Europa Aeuyork in 24 Stunden Voller Stolz haben wir da» neue Programm für die Nordallantikflüge der Lufthansa in diesem Sommer gehört, für das die Genehmigung der amerikanischen und der portugiesische >! Regierung soeben er teilt wurde. Danach wird die Deutsche Lusthansa in der Zelt von Mitte Juli bis Ende Oktober auf der Strecke Lissabon — Horta — Neuyork wieder versuchsweise planmäbigen Luftverkehr durchsühren, der wöchentlich je einmal in beiden Richtung«» betrieben werden wird. Da» bedeutet, bah in diesem Jahre 14 Reisen, also 28 Flüg« über den Ozean durchgeführt werben. Auch in diesem Jahre werden die beiden Langstrecken-See- slugzeuge „Nordmeer" und „Nordwind" vom Typ >I,V 139 (Biohm «- Voh) eingesetzt. Dazu kommt als dritte Maschine die neue 39 S „Nordstern", bei deren Bau schon eine Reihe der Erfahrungen verwertet werden konnte, die man bei den Flügen des vergangenen Jahres machte. So liegt z. B. die Stundengeschwindigkeit der 39 L um 1l) Mark soll exportieren Die neue Linie Hambmg-Men Eine interessante Musterschau in der Handelskammer Die beute srüb in der Neuen Raben st rohe vom Preises der Industrie- und Handelskammer Hamburg erössnete Schau ron 120 ginnen der deutschen Ostmark läht sich nichl besser bezeichnen als mit dem Ausdruck de» Wiener Hegierungs- rates Wiecher, der als Gast in Hamburg weilt: Oester - reich gibt seine Visitenkarte ob! Damit ist kurz gesagt, dah diese Musterschau, die keineswegs Anspruch aus Vollständigkeit erhebt, ein kleines Spiegelbild österreichischen Schossen? ist. IZtl Firmen ans Wien. Vorarlberg, der Steiermark und anderen Bezirken der Ostmark stellen ihre Erzeugnisse in Hamburg au». Es sini> typisch österreichische Dinge nach Form und Geschmack. Es sind Qualitätswaren, die den ivlcmpel der Reise und der Vollendung tragen. Manches Stück mag Luxuswert haben, aber Oesterreich gehört — mit Paris — zu den Lieseranten der Welt in Luxusartikeln. Ein guIerRul geht ihnen vorauf. Und das wird den Verkaus hier bei der Hamburger Bevölkerung und drüben in Uebersee sehr erleichtern. Denn um den Verkaus dreht es sich hier, nicht um eine schöne Auqeuweide, wenn die Ausstellung wohl auch das ist. Zs diesem Zahr 28 vzeaniiberlluerungen mit Hamburger Flugzeugen "—' ' , - meter langen Seestrecke ibre Bahn zwischen den Azoren und dem. ' - nordamerikanischen Festland; bl» in de» stürmische» November hinein wurde geflogen und auch dabei gab es keinen hindernden Zwischen!"!!, Die Maschinen sind nicht nur mit einer Regelmätzizkeit und Pünktlichkeit geflogen, als handle es sich um eine I 5! Zähren eingespielte slugplanmähige Verbindung zwischen zwei Städten innerhalb Deutschlands, es wurden auch erstaunliche Zeiten erzielt. Bei den Ost-West-Flügen lag der Rekord aus der Strecke zwischen Port Washington und den Azoren bei l4 Stunden und 18 Minuten: in der Gegenrichtung, die der Windverhältnisse halber schwieriger zu bestiegen ist, schasste die Maschine den Flug einmal in 14 Stunden 3.' Minuten Rechne« man die Verbindung von den Azoren nach Europa hinzu. dc»> kommt heraus, dah die Verbindung von Europa nach Amerika in 24 Sluitden bewältigt wird, in der Gegenrichtung werde» nur ZZ Stund«» benötigt. Wer hätte das vor vielleicht fünf Iahren geglaubt? In der Oeffentlichkeit ist schon im vergangenen Jahre gefragt worden, warum denn in oller Welt keine Post mitgenommen wird aus diesen Flügen. Flugtechnisch gesehen wäre die Lust- Hansa dazu durchaus in der Lage. Aber die erforderlichen Ver handlungen mit Amerika sind noch nicht soweit gediehen. Das aber ist ja auch nicht das Wichtigste; e» kommt bei diesen Flügen vor allen Dingen darauf an, Erfahrungen zu sammeln, da» Flugpersonal heranzubilden und schließlich der Welt zu zeigen, dah wir aus dem Posten sind, daß wir sehr bald dazu übergehe» können, aus dieser schwierigsten Strecke der Welt Ganzjahresdienst einzurichten. Der Ozeanverkehr über den Nordatlantik stellt nämlich nicht nur an die Maschinen, er stellt auch an Piloten und Funker ganz erhebliche Ansorderungen. Uebrigens arbeitet man zur Zeit am Bau eines Dornier ÖV-26-Flugbootes mit vier Rohöl- motoren, das im kommenden Jahre sür Nordatlantikslüge ein gesetzt werden soll. 1939 werden dann insgesamt süns Maschinen zur Versügung stehen, die OO 26, zwei 39 und zwei 39 v. Für die Aufnahme des regelmähigen Flugpostverkehrs ist man gerüstet. Bis zur Aufnahme des Passagierverkehrs über den Nordatlantik wird allerdings noch einige Zeit hingehen. Die Flugzeug« für de» Passagierverkehr sind schon in Vorbereitung. Deutschland wird selbstverständlich alles daransetzen, auch in dieser Hinsicht an der Spitze des Wettbewerbs zu bleiben, den alle Ozeananlieger-Etaaten auf diesem Gebiete bestreiten. Eng land und Amerika vor allen Dingen haben schon eine Reibe von Versuchsslügen durchgeführt, sie haben besondere Flugzeug- typen sür diesen Zweck entwickelt. W «ufnaimen: Hen«t»el Der hanseatische Kaufmann ist der geeignete Mensch, der vermöge seiner reichen Erfahrungen und vielfältigen Beziehun gen in Uebersee auch die Erzeugnisse des Landes Oesterreich ab setzen wird, wie sie in der heute eröffneten Schau am Dammtor vor unseren Augen ausgebreitet liegen. Musterschau beiht sie. ein Musterlager soll sie sein. Hamburger Aussubrleute und Hamburger Gros,- und Einzelhändler werden sich diese Ge- legenkeil, neue Verbindungen und Geschalte anzubahnen, kaum entgehen lassen. Bremen und Lübeck sind ebenfalls eingeladen Oesterreich wird sich aus die Hanseaten verlassen können. bl» 15 Kilometer höher al» bei den beiden ersten 5l^-39- Maschinen. DI« Deutsch« Lufthansa hat schon im Jahre IS3S als «rst« Lustverkthrsgesclljchast der Welt aus dieser schwie rige« Luitstreck« acht planmäßig« Flüge mit normale« Verkehrsslugzeugen durchgeführt und dabei, ohne daß irgendein Zwischenfall die Versuchsarbeit stört«, wertvolle Ersahrungen sammeln können. Im Jahre 1937 Äulii.! Holtmann wurden mit den beiden ersten bei Biohm Von in Hamburg gebauten viermotorigen Schwimmerflugzeugen der Type l-l.X 39 schon lft Flüge planmähig durchgefükrt, Okne Rücksicht aus Wind und Wetter zogen die Maschinen längs der Kilo- Reizvoll« kunstgewerbliche Arbeiten stellt di« Ostmark zum Elport Mlicher Lerkehrsunsall in Blankenese MWrer vom Lastzug erW Heut« morgen gegen 7,15 Uhr ereignete sich in Blanke nese Ecke Freiligrathstrahe und Scheneselder Landstrabe ein tödlicher Verkehrsunfall. Ein tiljjähriger Radfahrer kam aus der Freiligrathstrahe und wollte nach links in die Scheneselder Landstrahe einbiegen An seinem Fahrrade Halle er verschiedenes Geschirr, wie Harke, Spaten. Forke, ange- Kunden. In der Hand hielt er eine Heckenschere, so dah er in der sicheren Führung des Rades behindert war. Beim Ein biegen kam ihm von rechts aus Richtung Elbchaussee ein mit Sand belabener Lastzug und aus der anderen Richtuna ein Motorrad- sahrer entgegen. Um den Radsahrer nicht anzusahren, wich der Lastzugführer lcharf au? und geriet aus die Geb bahn Der Radfahrer wurde trotzdem noch von dem Lastzug ersaht und erlitt tödliche Verletzungen, Zeugen werden gebeten, sich aus der nächsten Polizeidienst- stelle ober bei dem Vcrkchrsunsallkommando im Polizeiprädium, Zimmer 22. zu melden. Bitte an die Hausfrauen! lleber 7MlM Kilogramm Knochen sammelten die Hambur- ger Jungen !ei> dem letzten Herbst, Nun sind viele Zungen aus Groh-Fabrt oder verreist, so dah die Sammlung während der Ferien nicht durchgeführt werden kann. Da die Industrie aber die Knochen braucht, geht die Bitte an alle Haussrauen, während der Sommermonate die Knochen in die Sammelschulen zu schicken oder notsolls auch einmal selbst zu bringen. Die Sammelschulen und die Abgobczeit sind durch die Sammler bekonntaegebcn Auch damit Helsen wir zum Gelingen des Vierjakresplancs. AutozellMe In MederliWeii Der Deutsche Automobilklub verössenüicht einen Zeltplatz- »achweis, der in neun Gebieten Zeltplätze sür Aulowanderer angibt. Im Gebiet I Nordwestdeutschland sind 15 Zeitpläne eingerichtet. In der Heide befindet sich eigentlich nur ein linziger Hellplatz, und zwar bei Heber im kreise Coltau in unmittel barer Nähe des Naturschutzparks, Hier Ii>nnen zehn Auto- Wanderer parken. In Nordwcstdculschland sind Zeitplätze anzulrcssen an der Nordsee in Dan gast, aus der neuen Insel bei B ü s u m. in Schleswig-Holstein in E i n s e l d, Kreis Rendsburg, aus der Hcidekoppel bei Schönbcrg, in Wedel - Schulau an der Untcrclbe. In derLübecker Bucht sind Zeltplätze vvrgelcken in Heidebeck und Hasfkrug, am Timmendorser Strand und am Liitjcnburger Strand. Zum Teil ist die Benutzung der Zelt- platze gebührensrei. Aus einigen werden geringe Gebühren von ÄZ bis 5iZ Pfennig je Tag erhoben. !p. Wlizeibesiilh Ulis Aegypten »'S^ > ? '! " >' '' > «ufnadme: fliege Heule vormittag traf zu einem zweitägigen Besuch Polizei- oberst Gooda aus Alexandria ein. um hier die Polizeieinrich» langen zu besichtigen. Das Bild zeigt den ägyptischen Gast bei der Besichtigung der Hamburger Polizei-Reitschule in Borstel. Rechts der Hamburger Generalkonsul von Aegypten, Said. Goldene» Cbrenzeichc» verlorc». Am Sonntag wurde auf dem Wege vom „Frublingsgarten" in H a r b u r q »!.' a n g c n - beck bis zur Endstation der ^inie 33 in W i l st o r s da» goldene E b r e n z c i ch e n Nr, 54 !«72 verloren. Der Finder wird gebeten, den Träger, Pg, Karl Tiemann. Hamburg 33. Waqenseld 21, oder in der Dienststelle unter ^4 !U zu be nachrichtigen. . LamMln-Nachrichten ! Swftef«»»« m»b «A Ae<t»»ste« ! Sedor««: , Knabe: Karl GctboN u. A?au » ,,o5onna. geb. Anns» - Kurt Vet«rs j un» Hra»> Gertrud, oed. Mever - » Rtckiart» Vtttin und Hrau Annelo. ! ! geb. Rübl. ' Ein Mädchen? Rubols UllaSwe? ! > und Hrau lh»rtrud. a«b. voeck — ! » Kolter Dielt und Frau Hedwto ' Luvwia Hera und Frau ßkarlvtte. ! ' leb. Helmte — Gerbord Humdert > und Frau. oed. Dörtna - Willielm , Lösch und Frau Zrmaard. oeb > horemltt. verlobt: » LMt Halm mit vans FlMow - z «Zl'sndnk, Vase mit -van« Ä^ller - » » ÄisbetbWeiland m WulterSu«danet. A » » Z Verheiratet: , Z SuNav Kaes« und Frau KStbe. » » aed.Iaooeien-WernerR.Nlemever Z Z 'ind Zran Slkriede. oeb Hont - » z Robert Reimers und Frau Karla. L , a?b. ^»?Uer Hans Sander und » » Zrau Hifrtede. seb. Äoed«. L « « ^ Seftorden: » » Ckiarlntte Bernbardt.aek».Molden- ^ A Knuer ^ Minna ^am?ente Wme.. » » aesi. RttMlibr. 77 5?. - P-^ela- » j korce ^ Hetnrich Ä. I. I » ^ Ltt" Gey. 4^ ^1. ^ El^a Graeß. Z z v,nn - Hertda Va5e. aed. » » yiernnomus. 54 Z. - Vaul Kabl S Z ^ vu.,0 Cleveren«. tt4 I verm. , » '/ktik'f'f'm ^ Dr. Zur. Neinkiard L z -anders. ?4 - Anna Schmkilxt. , » aef, Dreye? ^ Hrje^rkch Schrc^^er. Z » ^ ^ ,1. - , > W^kl. I. - Erntt Wnl,- ? ! »>ero. 7i> er 70 vomen-KIsiclor oll« vomon-^loicier oxcti >" ^»>»«> j«I»> Oxl<«n 5i« oucb >lit«rkau5. tubrin al!„, vc>, 8i« lue preiziveil unck gut 7.50 9.75 vamen-klei^ei' oc» vamen-KIeicior tksepp. oel»e «M kvt»» 12.7S 14.75 >^or»n- unck Koukkau» L. m. d. t-I. —. Nr. KamburyrfAnzeig«' «. Juli Zielitretlien-lZegelilieger starteten in Altona 7 Alle 21 Segelflugzeuge wieder in der tust Heult beginnen dicgrobcn Fcricn. Die Schulglockc läu- Iclc zum letzten Mal. Schreib' kcstc und Sprachltklionen ver schwanden aus dem Sorgenkrcis der kleinen Kerle. Mi! fröh lichem Sprung setzten sie über die Schwelle ikres Klcsfcn zimmers, mitten kincin in die Spielwiesen der Ferien! Sie pseiscn. sinken, zwitschcrn, lie umarmen Nero, den Hund des Schlächters, nur um irgendeiner Kreatur ihre Freude zu zeigen! Und irgendwie stecken sie uns Erwachsenen mit an mit ihrer Fröhlichkeit. Herrlich ungebundene Wochen stehen bevor. Hilmers Helga sährt drei Wochen ins Schullandheim, das hinter Gros,- Hansdorf zwischen Knicks und Weidekoxpeln liegt. Poggcnpuhls Haus, dcr Iungvolk-Pimps, packt seinen „Assen". Seit Wichen schon sreut er sich aus das Laqcrleben nahe der Ostsee, mit Spiel und Baden und Kameradschaft Der kleine Pclcrs aus unserem Haus hat es schon in der ganzen Nachbarschaft erzählt, dah er mit seinen Eltern drei Wochen nach Mecklenburg zum Grohvater fährt. Dort gibt es Liegen. Hühner, Tauben und aus dcr Koppel junge Pferde. Und eine Forellen- zuckt hat dcr Opa auch. Na, das wird eine Sache! Wer Kinder hat, die zur Schule gehen, richtet sich mit seinen Ferien möglichst nach ikncn Das ist selbstverständlich. Auch wer sich keine groben Sprünge leisten kann, wird mindesten? mit seinen kleinen Fcricnbuminlcrn ein paar nette Ausslüge machen, mit ihnen am Elbstrand in Wind und Wasser tummeln oder die ganze Zeil draußen wohnen in einer dcr schönen Laubenkolonien vor der Stadt. So bringen die großen Sommerscrien dcr Schulen auch uns Glück, Freude, Ver änderung! Selbst die unermüdliche Mutter, die eigentlich keine rich tigen Ferien kennt, ist in F e r i e n st i in m u n g. Schon dasz sie moriens nicht tagtäglich hinter dcr kleinen Bande kerjein mutz <„Nun beeilt euch! Kämm' dich, Fritz! Ih rascher, Lisa, es wird sonst zu spät!") ist ihr eine Erholung. Und in die groben Ferien sollen auch Vaters vierzehn Urlaubstage. Da wird was unternommen: ..Wir müssen mal hcrau? aus dcr Tretmühle, Mutter", sagt das Familicnobcrhaupt. „Wie wäre es mit einer sünstägigen Rkeinsahrt mit KdF? Den Kleinen lassen wir bei Tante Herta und Hilde nehmen wir mit!" Wie strahlen da die Augen! Das ist nochmal eine Idee, meint die vorlaute Hilde und will damit sagen, daf, Vater öster einmal „Ideen haben" könnte. Ferien bedeuten Pläne, Träume, Fahrkartenlausen. Kosscr- packen, sie bedeuten Veränderung, neue Eindrücke, sie beben unser Herz aus den Angeln! Und daraus kommt c, ja gerade an. D o s v c r s? n g t, das macht gesund Wir werden das ganze Jahr davon zehren. Darum: Glückliche Reise durch hosfentlich wolkenlofe Tage! U>H gute Erholung! ,.s-l Über!" Tageskolonien Moorwärder und Köhlbrand im Betrieb Das ganze Reich beneidet Hamburg um feine beiden Tages- kvlonie am Elbstrand. Immer wieder, wenn wir Moorwär der sehen und den Köhlbrand aussuchen, wird es uns klar, datz hier Möglichkeiten dcr Fcricngcstaltung und dcr Kinder» betreuung liegen, die alle Ellern voll ausnutzen sollten, weit ihren Kindern dort alles geboten wird, was ihnen sür Körper und Geist gut tut. Die Tageskolonien Moorwärder und Köhlbrand haben ihren Fcrienbetrieb jetzt aufgenommen! Wir sahen Moorwärder und sein neues Gesicht! ötttt Jungen und Mädel sind dort in einer lltägigen Gemeinschaft zujammengcsatzt. (Die Krcisämlcr dcr NSV wic die Fürsorgerinnen geben den Eltern Auskünfte über alle Fragen.» Moorwärder ist sür die w- bis lljährige» be stimmt, die aus gesundheitlichen Gründen noch nicht in die Zell- lager dcr HI ausgenommen werden können. Moorwärder wi>! aber zu gleicher Zeit erholen und ertüchtigen. Dos wunderschöne Grüngelände zwischen der Norde» und Süderelbe, mit dem Badestrand, dem neuen Fubballplatz, den festen Hausmauern, ist wic geschossen für die Kindcrerholung und -Ertüchtigung Jeden Tag gehl es mit dem Dampser „Äugo Basedow" über »die Elbe. Esse», baden, wenn die Sonne scheint, Sport und Füh rung sind die „Vitamine" von Moorwärder. Alles zusammen macht die Kinder vollwertig und gesund. Im ofsenen Viereck traten sie gestern zur Eröffnung des Sommerferienbetriebes mit ihren Jungvolk- und Iungmädcl sührerinnen an. Obcrjungbannsllhrcr Eggers sagte ihnen, das, es schon zur Tradition gehöre, miteinander Erholung und Er tüchtigung zu erleben. Wir freuen uns, sagte er, hier zum ersten Male das Lager durchführen zu können. Zwei und drei Lehrgänge werden folgen. Endziel ist: „Wer die Pimpsprobe nicht bestehen konnte, soll sich hier so weit kräftigen, das, es geht ... In diesem Sinn: „Heif,t Flagge". Pg. Krüger von dcr Propagandaabteilung dcr NSV. Pg. Möller, Sachbearbeiter dcr „Iugcndcrholungspslcge" in bei Bürgerweide, zeigten uns Haus, Deich, Wiesengründe und dcn Elbstrand. Schön ist's hier. Die Hamburger Eltern Wissen s nicht alle! Moorwärder bietet auch I'itt Uebernachtungsmöglich keilen. Jungvolk- und Iungmädelsührerinnen betreuen ^mmcr eine Gruppe von 2tl Kindern sür die I-i Kolonielage zwischen Wiesengründe» und Elbdeich. ^ Ganz anders wic aus Moorwärdcr ficht cs aus dcm Köhl- brand aus. Hier sind die Kleinkinder ti Wochen tagsüber mit Iugendleiterinnen und Hortnerinnen zu Haus und haben ihr Sonderreich. Hierher kommen in dcr Ferienzeit die grös,e- ren Jungen und Mädel — und in der Schulzeit gibt's hier eine Freilustschule. !,'>«! Kleinkinder sind jetzt da, die im eigenen Wiilschastsbetrieb verpflegt werden. Sie sind gegen Unfälle versichert. Ein Arzt kommt jede Woche einmal hinaus und „Schwester Käthe" hat die gesundheitliche Betreuung in der Zwischenzeit. Die Organisation aus Köhlbrand liegt in dcn Hän den von erfahrenen Lehrern. Die Betreuung dcr gröberen Kinder Kot dcr BDM übernommen. Iungmädclsükrcrinncn haben immer eine Gruppe von etwa Kindern und jede Gruppe Kot eine Sandburg als „Eigenheim". iMi Schulkinder werden jeden Tag in dcr Morgcnsrükc an 1.', Hochhaknstclten gesammelt und mit dcm Dampscr übergesetzt. Die NSV gibt dcr Küche tüchtige Zuschüsse, damit die Kinder gedeihen. I u - gendpflege und Freizeitgestaltung find die beiden groben Gesichtspunkte in dcn beiden Kindertaaeskolonien der Sommer,eil, dazwischen liegen die tausend Freuden im ewigen Kinderland. Die Reichsbahn ist gelüftet Heute herrscht aus dcn Baknkofcn wieder einmal Hoch betrieb. Die Ferien beginnen und Zckntouscndc kckrcn dcr Stadt trotz dcs Aprilwcitcrs dcn Rückcn, um drautzcn in dcr Heimat Erholung vom Wcrktag zu suchen. Dic Rcicksbabn iü ans Masfcnandrana vorbereitet: sie Kai die üblichen Vorkcbrun gen getroslen. damit alles reibungslos, klappt und jeder Rei sende rechtzeitig und einigermasten bequem dabin kommt, wo er ki,> will. Voraussetzung dafür ist es natürlich, dab auch die Rei senden selbst ihren Teil zu der guten Ordnung beitragen: vor allen Dingen ist es ratsam, sich dic Fahrkarte recht,eilig ,u be sorgen. * Der Musik,nq der SA-Etanbartc 7t> ^eranstaltel am Frei tag von IN'lll bis 21 Ukr am Altonaer Mün,marll unter der Leitung des Obersturmsührer Bielstein ein össent- liche» Platzkonzert. * Marine-HI szhri nach Jugoslawien. In dielen Tag^n haben I', Unlersiikrer des Marinebannes 2s>2 Hamburg ver lassen. um eine Fahrt n^ch Jugoslawien anzutreten Der Weg dcr Fabrlcngriippe lubil über Oesterreich, wo ein Heimabend mit der österreichischen HI vorgesehen ist Von dort aus gebt es weiter über A a r a m und Spalalo > n der dalmatin'schen Küste enllana über Dubrovn'k und Serajewo nach Belgrad. r»o ein Besuch bci dem Minister Milelisch vcrge scken ist. D e Rückfahrt nach Hamburg führt über Graz und Wien. eg. Die GIpp« „La«" fand sich in Ahrensburg zu einer Ausammenkunst ein.

US-202016820175-A_1

USPTO

Public Domain

Stress-inducing silicon liner in semiconductor devices ABSTRACT A semiconductor structure includes source/drain (S/D) features disposed over a semiconductor substrate, a metal gate stack disposed between the S/D features, where the metal gate stack traverses a channel region between the S/D features, gate spacers disposed on sidewalls of the metal gate stack, and an etch-stop layer (ESL) disposed over the gate spacers and the S/D features. The semiconductor structure further includes an oxide liner disposed on the ESL, where the oxide liner includes silicon oxide and silicon dioxide, and an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer disposed on the oxide liner, where composition of the ILD layer is different from composition of the oxide liner. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This is a non-provisional application of and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/907,564, filed on Sep. 28, 2019, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND The semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) industry has experienced exponential growth. Technological advances in IC materials and design have produced generations of ICs where each generation has smaller and more complex circuits than the previous generation. In the course of IC evolution, functional density (i.e., the number of interconnected devices per chip area) has generally increased while geometry size (i.e., the smallest component (or line) that can be created using a fabrication process) has decreased. This scaling down process generally provides benefits by increasing production efficiency and lowering associated costs. Such scaling down has also increased the complexity of processing and manufacturing ICs. For these advances to be realized, similar developments in IC processing and manufacturing are needed. For example, various methods including applying mechanical stress to a channel region of a semiconductor device (e.g., a field-effect transistor, or FET) have been developed to improve carrier mobility in such device. While they have been generally adequate, they have not been satisfactory in all aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present disclosure is best understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It is emphasized that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale and are used for illustration purposes only. In fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion. FIGS. 1A and 1B together illustrate a flow chart of a method for forming a semiconductor structure or a portion thereof according to aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 2A shows a three-dimensional perspective view of a semiconductor structure implemented with an embodiment of the method of FIGS. 1A and 1B according to aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 2B shows a planar top view of the semiconductor structure of FIG. 2A according to aspects of the present disclosure. FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 show cross-sectional views taken along line A-A′ of the semiconductor structure of FIGS. 2A and/or 2B during intermediate steps of implementing an embodiment of the method of FIGS. 1A and 1B according to aspects of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 shows an example concentration profile in a portion of the semiconductor structure of FIGS. 2A and/or 2B after implementing an embodiment of the method of FIGS. 1A and 1B according to aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the disclosure. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, the formation of a feature on, connected to, and/or coupled to another feature in the present disclosure that follows may include embodiments in which the features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features may be formed interposing the features, such that the features may not be in direct contact. In addition, spatially relative terms, for example, “lower,” “upper,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” “above,” “over,” “below,” “beneath,” “up,” “down,” “top,” “bottom,” etc. as well as derivatives thereof (e.g., “horizontally,” “downwardly,” “upwardly,” etc.) are used for ease of the present disclosure of one features relationship to another feature. The spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device including the features. Furthermore, when a number or a range of numbers is described with “about,” “approximate,” and the like, the term is intended to encompass numbers that are within a reasonable range including the number described, such as within +/−10% of the number described or other values as understood by person skilled in the art. For example, the term “about 5 nm” encompasses the dimension range from 4.5 nm to 5.5 nm. Still further, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. The present disclosure is generally related to semiconductor devices and fabrication methods, and more particularly to stress-inducing silicon liners for improving carrier mobility in semiconductor devices. Various methods have been developed and implemented to improve performance of semiconductor devices. One example aspect of such improvement includes applying mechanical stress to a channel region of a device, thereby increasing the carrier mobility of such device. While many existing methods of applying mechanical stress have been generally adequate, they have not been entirely satisfactory in all aspects. FIGS. 1A and 1B together illustrate processing flow of a method 100 for forming a device 200 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 100 is merely an example and is not intended to limit the present disclosure beyond what is explicitly recited in the claims. Additional operations can be performed before, during, and after the method 100, and some operations described can be replaced, eliminated, or moved around for additional embodiments of the method. The method 100 is described below in conjunction with FIGS. 2A to 12 . For purposes of simplicity, portions of the device 200 including fins 204 and substrate 202 are omitted in FIGS. 3-12 to highlight effects of the intermediate steps of the method 100 on the device 200. The device 200 may be an intermediate device fabricated during processing of an IC, or a portion thereof, that may include static random-access memory (SRAM) and/or other logic circuits, passive components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, and active components such as p-type FETs (PFETs), n-type FETs (NFETs), FinFETs, multi-gate FETs (e.g., gate-all-around, or GAA, FETs), metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, bipolar transistors, high voltage transistors, high frequency transistors, and/or other memory cells. The present disclosure is not limited to any particular number of devices or device regions, or to any particular device configurations. For example, though the device 200 as illustrated is a three-dimensional FinFET device, the present disclosure may also provide embodiments for fabricating planar FET devices or multi-gate devices. Additional features can be added to the device 200, and some of the features described below can be replaced, modified, or eliminated in other embodiments of the device 200. At operation 102, referring to FIGS. 1A, 2A, 2B, and 3 , the method 100 provides, or is provided with, the device 200 that includes a substrate 202 having at least one semiconductor layer 204 (e.g., an active region such as a three-dimensional fin; hereafter referred to as a fin 204) disposed thereon, isolation structures 208 disposed over the substrate 202 separating various components of the device 200, dummy (i.e., placeholding) gate structures 210 disposed over the fins 204, gate spacers 212 disposed on sidewalls of each dummy gate structure 210, and source/drain (S/D) features 214 disposed over each fin 204 and interposing each dummy gate structure 210, where a p-type channel region 216P or an n-type channel region 216N is formed between the S/D features 214P or 214N, respectively. As depicted herein, the device 200 may include multiple fins 204 oriented lengthwise along the X direction and multiple dummy gate structures 210 oriented lengthwise along the Y direction, i.e., generally perpendicular to the fins 204. In the present embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 , the device 200 includes a p-type metal-oxide semiconductor (PMOS) region 200P and an n-type MOS (NMOS) region 200N over the substrate 202, which provides at least one PFET and one NFET, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3 and the subsequent figures, a dotted line between the PMOS region 200P and the NMOS region 200N defines a boundary therebetween. It is noted, however, that the PMOS region 200P and the NMOS region 200N may not be disposed immediately adjacent to each as depicted in the present embodiments. The device 200 may include numerous other features such as, for example, hard mask layers, etch-stop layers, barrier layers, other suitable layers, or combinations thereof. For purpose of simplicity, intermediate steps of the method 100 are hereafter described with reference to cross-sectional views (FIGS. 3-12 ) of the device 200 taken along a length of the fin 204 (i.e., the dashed line A-A′ in the X direction) as depicted in FIG. 2A. The substrate 202 may include an elementary (single element) semiconductor, such as silicon, germanium, and/or other suitable materials; a compound semiconductor, such as silicon carbide, gallium arsenic, gallium phosphide, indium phosphide, indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and/or other suitable materials; an alloy semiconductor, such as SiGe, GaAsP, AlInAs, AlGaAs, GalnAs, GaInP, GaInAsP, and/or other suitable materials. The substrate 202 may be a single-layer material having a uniform composition. Alternatively, the substrate 202 may include multiple material layers having similar or different compositions suitable for IC device manufacturing. In one example, the substrate 202 may be a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate having a silicon layer formed on a silicon oxide layer. The fin 204 may be fabricated using suitable processes including photolithography and etch processes. The photolithography process may include forming a photoresist layer (resist) overlying the substrate 202, exposing the resist to a pattern, performing post-exposure bake processes, and developing the resist to form a masking element (not shown) including the resist. The masking element is then used for etching recesses into the substrate 202, leaving the fins 204 on the substrate 202. The etching process may include dry etching, wet etching, reactive ion etching (RIE), and/or other suitable processes. Numerous other embodiments of methods for forming the fins 204 may be suitable. For example, the fins 204 may be patterned using double-patterning or multi-patterning processes. Generally, double-patterning or multi-patterning processes combine photolithography and self-aligned processes, allowing patterns to be created that have, for example, pitches smaller than what is otherwise obtainable using a single, direct photolithography process. For example, in one embodiment, a sacrificial layer is formed over a substrate and patterned using a photolithography process. Spacers are formed alongside the patterned sacrificial layer using a self-aligned process. The sacrificial layer is then removed, and the remaining spacers, or mandrels, may then be used to pattern the fins 204. The isolation structures 208 may include silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, a low-k dielectric material, and/or other suitable materials. The isolation structures 208 may include shallow trench isolation (STI) features. In one embodiment, the isolation structures 208 are formed by etching trenches in the substrate 202 during the formation of the fin 204. The trenches may then be filled with an isolating material described above by a deposition process, followed by a chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process. Other isolation structures such as field oxide, local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS), and/or other suitable structures may also be implemented as the isolation structures 208. Alternatively, the isolation structures 208 may include a multi-layer structure, for example, having one or more thermal oxide layers. The isolation structures 208 may be deposited by any suitable method, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), flowable CVD (FCVD), spin-on-glass (SOG), other suitable methods, or combinations thereof. Still referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the device 200 includes the S/D features 214 disposed in or over each fin 204 and adjacent to each dummy gate structure 210. In the present embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 , the PMOS region 200P provides S/D features 214P and the NMOS region 200N provides S/D features 214N. The S/D features 214P and 214N may be formed by any suitable techniques, such as etching processes followed by one or more epitaxial processes. In one example, one or more etching processes are performed to remove portions of the fin 204 to form recesses (not shown) therein. A cleaning process may be performed to clean the recesses with a hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution and/or other suitable solutions. Subsequently, one or more epitaxial growth processes are performed to grow epitaxial features in the recesses to form the respective S/D features. As discussed above, the S/D features 214P are suitable for forming PFETs (e.g., including an p-type epitaxial material) and the S/D features 214N are suitable for forming NFETs (e.g., including an n-type epitaxial material). The p-type epitaxial material may include one or more epitaxial layers of silicon germanium (epi SiGe) doped with a p-type dopant such as boron, germanium, indium, and/or other p-type dopants. The n-type epitaxial material may include one or more epitaxial layers of silicon (epi Si) or silicon carbon (epi SiC) doped with an n-type dopant such as arsenic, phosphorus, and/or other n-type dopant. Accordingly, the channel region 216P provided between the S/D features 214P is considered a p-type channel region and the channel region 216N provided between the S/D features 214N is considered an n-type channel region. The device 200 further includes multiple dummy gate structures 210 disposed over the fins 204, and each dummy gate structure 210 is configured to be replaced by a high-k metal gate stack (HKMG) either in portion or in entirety during subsequent processing steps. The dummy gate structure 210 includes at least a gate electrode layer comprising polysilicon, which may be formed by first depositing a blanket layer of polysilicon and subsequently applying an anisotropic etching process to form the dummy gate structures 210. Though not depicted, the dummy gate structure 210 may optionally include an interfacial layer comprising, for example, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), disposed between the polysilicon layer and the fin 204, a gate dielectric layer disposed between the interfacial layer and the polysilicon layer, hard mask layers, other suitable layers, or combinations thereof. Various layers of the dummy gate structure 210 may be formed by suitable processes such as thermal oxidation, chemical oxidation, CVD, atomic layer deposition (ALD), PVD (physical vapor deposition), other suitable methods, or combinations thereof. The device 200 may further include gate spacers 212 disposed on sidewalls of the dummy gate structure 210. In some embodiments, the gate spacers 212 include one or more of the following elements: silicon, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. For example, the gate spacers 212 may include a dielectric material such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, carbon- and/or oxygen-doped silicon nitride, silicon carbide, oxygen-doped silicon carbide, other suitable dielectric materials, or combinations thereof. The gate spacers 212 may be formed by first depositing a blanket of spacer material over the device 200, and then performing an anisotropic etching process to remove portions of the spacer material to form the gate spacers 212 on the sidewalls of the dummy gate structure 210. Still referring to FIG. 3 , the method 100 at operation 104 forms an etch-stop layer (ESL) 220 over the device 200, such that the ESL 220 is disposed over the dummy gate structures 210, the S/D features 214P, and the S/D features 214N. In the present embodiments, the ESL 220 includes a dielectric material such as silicon nitride, carbon doped-silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, other suitable materials, or combinations thereof. In one such example, the ESL 220 includes silicon nitride. Notably, the ESL 220 is free of any oxidized silicon (Si_(x)O_(y), where x and y provide suitable stoichiometric ratios of silicon and oxygen) such as silicon oxide (e.g., SiO, wherein x/y is approximately 1), silicon dioxide (e.g., SiO₂, wherein x/y is approximately ½), other oxidized silicon compounds, or combinations thereof. In the present embodiments, the ESL 220 is deposited conformally over the device 200 by CVD, ALD, other suitable deposition methods, or combinations thereof. Subsequently, the method 100 at operation 106 forms a silicon-containing liner 222 (hereafter referred to as Si liner 222) over the ESL 220. In the present embodiments, the Si liner 222 includes elemental silicon that may have an amorphous, single-crystalline, and/or polycrystalline microstructure. In some embodiments, the Si liner 222 consists of elemental silicon. Notably, the Si liner 222 is free of oxygen, e.g., the Si liner 222 is free of oxidized silicon. For example, the Si liner 222 is free of silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, other oxidized silicon compounds (Si_(x)O_(y) as defined above), or a combination thereof. Furthermore, in the present embodiments, the Si liner 222 and the ESL 220 have different compositions, such that an etching selectivity exists between these layers. In the present embodiments, the Si liner 222 is deposited conformally over the ESL 220 by ALD, CVD, or a combination thereof. For reasons to be discussed in detail below, the present embodiments provide that the Si liner 222 is formed to a thickness t of about 5 Angstroms to about 30 Angstroms. Now referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the method 100 at operation 108 selectively removes a portion of the Si liner 222 deposited over the NMOS region 200N, such that a portion of the Si liner 222 remains over the PMOS region 200P only. As depicted herein, a masking element 230 is formed over the device 200 and subsequently patterned to expose the NMOS region 200N to an etching process that selectively removes the Si liner 222 without removing, or substantially removing, any layers disposed under the Si liner 222. The masking element 230 may include at least a resist (e.g., photoresist) layer and may be first deposited over the entirety of the device 200 as a blanket layer. Then, the masking element 230 may be patterned by exposure to a radiation source (e.g., extreme ultraviolet, or EUV, radiation) through a patterned mask and subsequently developed to form a patterned masking element 230 as depicted in FIGS. 4 and 5 . The portion of the Si liner 222 exposed by the patterned masking element 230 may be removed by a dry etching process, a wet etching process, RIE, or combinations thereof. In an example embodiment, the portion of the Si liner 222 is removed by applying a dry etching process using a fluorine-containing plasma as an etchant. Thereafter, the patterned masking element 230 is removed from the device 200 by any suitable method such as plasma ashing and/or resist stripping. In some embodiments, the method 100 omits operation 108, i.e., the Si liner 222 remains over both the PMOS region 200P and the NMOS region 200N when performing operation 110. As will be discussed in detail below, the Si liner 222 undergoes volumetric expansion following a subsequent oxidation treatment (discussed in detail below). In some instances, the Si liner 222 may expand about 2.5 times in volume (i.e., increase in thickness t) after being fully oxidized, i.e., after all or substantially all of the elemental silicon is converted to oxidized silicon (Si_(x)O_(y)) as defined above. As a result, the volumetric expansion introduces compressive stress to portions (e.g., the channel regions 216P and 216N) of the device 200 over which the Si liner 222 is disposed. Due to differences in the structure of the S/D features 214P and the S/D features 214N and the mechanical stress they exert on their respective channel regions, additional compressive stress from oxidized Si liner 222 affects the carrier mobility differently in the channel region 216P and the channel region 216N. With respect to the channel region 216P, the compressive stress positively contributes to the stress exerted by the epitaxial material (e.g., boron-doped SiGe) in the S/D features 214P, thereby increasing the carrier mobility of the channel region 216P. With respect to the channel region 216N, however, the compressive stress may negatively impact the carrier mobility of the channel region 216N, which generally increases when tensile stress, rather than compressive stress, increases. As such, the presence and subsequent oxidation of the Si liner 222 improves the performance of the PFET in the PMOS region 200P. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods of treating the Si liner 222 to ensure that it may be fully oxidized for inducing compressive stress in the channel region 216P of the PFET as provided herein. Of course, benefits of the present embodiments are not limited to stress induction alone as will be discussed in detail below. Furthermore, because the Si liner 222 is configured to undergo the oxidation treatment as discussed above, it is important that the thickness t (FIG. 4 ) of the Si liner 222 should accommodate the volumetric expansion resulting from the oxidation treatment. On one hand, if the thickness t is less than about 5 Angstroms, the effect of the volumetric expansion and the resulting compressive stress may be negligible in improving the carrier mobility of the device in the PMOS region 200P. On the other hand, if the thickness t is greater than about 30 Angstroms, the subsequent volumetric expansion may result in a layer too thick for the dimension budgeted for the device 200. In addition, when the thickness t exceeds about 30 Angstroms, it may become challenging to completely oxidize the Si liner 222, and a partially oxidized Si liner 222 may present complications for the subsequent processing steps as will be discussed in detail below. Referring to FIG. 6 , the method 100 at operation 110 forms an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer 218 over the device 200, such that the ILD layer 218 is in contact with the Si liner 222 in the PMOS region 200P. In the present embodiments, the ILD layer 218 includes a dielectric material, such as silicon dioxide (SiO₂), a low-k dielectric material, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), doped silicon dioxide such as borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG), fluoride-doped silicate glass (FSG), phosphosilicate glass (PSG), boron-doped silicate glass (BSG), other suitable dielectric materials, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the ILD layer 218 includes excess oxygen atoms 240 as indicated in FIG. 6 . The ILD layer 218 may include a multi-layer structure or a single-layer structure and may be formed by a deposition process such as CVD, FCVD, SOG, other suitable methods, or combinations thereof. For embodiments in which the ILD layer 218 is formed by FCVD, a precursor such as trisilylamine (N(SiH₃)₃) is deposited and then cured using an radiation source such as ultraviolet (UV) light to convert the precursor to oxidized silicon (e.g., silicon oxide), thereby hardening at least a portion of the ILD layer 218. The curing process may be omitted if other deposition methods are employed to form the ILD layer 218. Still referring to FIG. 6 , the method 100 at operation 112 performs an annealing (or curing) treatment to harden (or further harden if a curing process has been previously implemented at operation 110) the ILD layer 218. In the present embodiments, the annealing process at operation 112 ensures that any silicon oxide in the as-deposited ILD layer 218 is transformed into silicon dioxide. Furthermore, as provided herein, the annealing process is configured to oxidize a portion of the Si liner 222, resulting in a partially oxidized Si liner 222A. In other words, a portion of the Si liner 222 remains unoxidized after performing the annealing process. The annealing treatment may be performed at a temperature configured to provide enough thermal energy to initiate oxidation of silicon in the Si liner 222 but not to generate excessive heat that may damage other components of the device 200. In some embodiments, the annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 600 degrees Celsius. Thus, the annealing treatment provides thermal energy for both hardening the ILD layer 218 and mobilizing the excess oxygen atoms 240 in the ILD layer 218 to react with the elemental silicon of the Si liner 222, thereby partially oxidizing the Si liner 222 to form silicon oxide and/or silicon dioxide. In the present embodiments, the Si liner 222 is not fully oxidized by the annealing treatment at operation 112. As discussed above, the Si liner 222 undergoes volumetric expansion as a result of the (partial) oxidation process at operation 112, thereby exerting compressive stress to portions of the device 200 disposed thereunder. In the present embodiments, as indicated by arrows pointing in opposite directions in FIG. 6 , the partially oxidized Si liner 222A exerts compressive stress 250 on the S/D features 214P, which subsequently exerts compressive stress on the channel region 216P, thereby increasing the carrier mobility of the PFET. Notably, since the Si liner 222 has been removed at operation 108, the NMOS region 200N is free of any partially oxidized Si liner 222A and thus no compressive stress is experienced in the channel region 216N. For embodiments in which the Si liner 222 has not been removed at operation 108, the partial oxidation of the Si liner 222 at operation 112 may also exert compressive stress in the channel region 216N. However, because the carrier mobility of the channel region 216N is generally improved by application of tensile stress, any compressive stress applied to the channel region 216N may reduce the carrier mobility of the NFET. As such, removing the Si liner 222 at operation 108 serves to boost the overall performance of the device 200 (a combination of the devices in the PMOS region 200P and the NMOS region 200N). In the present embodiments, it is understood that the concentration of the excess oxygen atoms 240 in the ILD layer 218 prior to performing operation 112 may not be sufficient to allow complete oxidation of the Si liner 222. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a silicon liner that includes at least some unoxidized elemental silicon may adversely affect the etching of portions of the device 200 when forming an S/D contact during subsequent processing steps (discussed in detail below). It is further understood that the amount of compressive stress applied to the channel region 216P varies with the degree of volumetric expansion of the Si liner 222, which corresponds to the extent of oxidation of the Si liner 222. As such, it is desirable to obtain a fully oxidized Si liner in order to maximize the magnitude of the compressive stress 250 exerted on the channel region 216P. In some embodiments, the method 100 omits operation 112, such that the Si liner 222 remains unoxidized until subsequent implantation and baking processes are implemented as discussed in detail below. Thereafter, referring to FIG. 7 , the method 100 at operation 114 planarizes a top surface of the device 200, thereby exposing the dummy gate structures 210. In the present embodiments, the method 100 performs a CMP process along a top surface of the dummy gate structures 210, which subsequently removes portions of the partially oxidized Si liner 222A and portions of the ESL 220. As depicted herein, after performing operation 114, portions of the partially oxidized Si liner 222A and ESL 220 remain over the S/D features 214P and 214N as well as over the gate spacers 212. Referring now to FIG. 8 , the method 100 at operation 116 performs an implantation process 260 to the device 200. In the present embodiments, bombarding the ILD layer 218, which includes silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with a dopant species 262 causes the bond between silicon and oxygen of the silicon dioxide to break, thereby freeing oxygen atoms 242 to diffuse through the ILD layer 218. As provided herein, the dopant species 262 may include non-metallic elements such as nitrogen, silicon, germanium, or combinations thereof. Of course, other non-metallic dopant species may also be applicable for performing the implantation process 260 so long as the following criteria are satisfied. First, the size of such dopant species 262 should be substantially similar to that of silicon, which is a major component of the ILD layer 218. On one hand, if the dopant species 262 is much smaller than silicon in size, the dopant species 262 may completely penetrate through the ILD layer 218 and impinge underlying components of the device 200 (e.g., the S/D features 214P, the S/D features 214N, the channel region 216P, and/or the channel region 216N). On the other hand, if the dopant species 262 is much larger than silicon in size, the dopant species 262 may inadvertently cause structural damage to the ILD layer 218. Second, since at least a portion of the dopant species 262 remains in the ILD layer 218 after performing the implantation process 260, the dopant species 262 should be free of any metallic elements to avoid forming conductive paths in the ILD layer 218 and cause adverse effects to the performance of the device 200. Any suitable implantation process (e.g., ion implantation) may be applicable to the present embodiments. Parameters such as energy of implantation, dosage of the dopant species 262, angle of implantation, and/or other suitable parameters may be adjusted to achieve the implantation results at operation 116. In some embodiments, a penetration depth d of the dopant species 262 is no greater than about one half of a height GH of the dummy gate structures 210 to prevent the dopant species 262 from impacting the underlying components of the device 200, the penetration depth d being measured from a top surface of the dummy gate structures 210. In some embodiments, the penetration depth d is controlled by adjusting the energy of implantation. For example, increasing the energy of implantation increases the penetration depth d, and decreasing the energy of implantation decreases the penetration depth d. In some examples, the energy of implantation may be about 5 keV to about 50 keV; of course, this range of energy is for illustrative purposes only and may be adjusted according to the GH of the device 200. It is understood that increasing the GH of the device 200 generally requires an increased energy of implantation to achieve the results discussed herein. In some embodiments, the dosage of the dopant species 262 is about 6.6E14 cm⁻² to about 3.0E15 cm⁻², which results in a concentration of about 1E20 cm⁻³, or about 0.5% by weight, to about 5E20 cm⁻³, or about 2% by weight, respectively, in the ILD layer 218. On one hand, if the concentration of the dopant species 262 falls below about 0.5%, the effect of breaking the bond between silicon and oxygen would be diminished, leading to less oxygen atoms available for diffusion through the ILD layer 218. On the other hand, if the concentration of the dopant species 262 is above about 2%, the excess dopant species 262 would inadvertently impact the structures and performance of the ILD layer 218 and/or any components disposed thereunder. Referring to FIG. 9 , the method 100 at operation 118 removes the dummy gate structures 210 to form gate trenches 270. The method 100 selectively removes the dummy gate structures 210 without removing or substantially removing other portions of the device 200. In some embodiments, a patterned masking element (not depicted) is formed over the device 200 to expose the dummy gate structures 210, which are subsequently removed by any suitable etching process, such as a dry etching process. The patterned masking element may then be removed from the device 200 by any suitable method such as plasma ashing and/or resist stripping. In some embodiments, the dopant species 262 remain in the ILD layer 218, though they generally are chemically inert with respect to the various components of the device 200. For this reason, the dopant species 262 are omitted in the subsequent figures for clarity purposes. In some embodiments, an interfacial layer (not depicted) remains in the gate trenches 270 after removing the dummy gate structures 210 and subsequently becomes a portion of the HKMG formed thereafter. Referring to FIG. 10 , the method 100 at operation 120 implements a baking process 264 to the device 200. In the present embodiments, the baking process 264 is configured to promote diffusion of the oxygen atoms 242 into the partially oxidized Si liner 222A and transform the partially oxidized Si liner 222A into a fully oxidized Si liner 222B in the PMOS region 200P. In some embodiments, as indicated by dotted arrows shown in FIG. 10 , the oxygen atoms 242 are driven by the baking process 264 into the partially oxidized Si liner 222A and configured to react with any remaining elemental silicon to form an oxidized silicon compound Si_(x)O_(y) as defined above. In the present embodiments, x/y is approximately 1 or ½, i.e., the fully oxidized Si liner 222B includes silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the baking process 264 further oxidizes a portion of the silicon oxide present in the partially oxidized Si liner 222A to form silicon dioxide. In addition, the baking process 264 may also cause some of the excess oxygen atoms 240 (not depicted in FIG. 10 ) and/or the oxygen atoms 242 in the PMOS region 200P and/or the NMOS region 200N to outgas and escape the device 200. In some embodiments, the amount of outgassed oxygen atoms from the PMOS region 200P is less than that that from the NMOS region 200N due to the diffusion of the oxygen atoms 242 into the partially oxidized Si liner 222A in the PMOS region 200P. Concentration profiles of silicon oxide and silicon dioxide across the ESL 220, the fully oxidized Si liner 222B, and the ILD layer 218 are depicted in FIG. 13 to better illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure. In the present embodiments, the fully oxidized Si liner 222B includes a combination of silicon oxide and silicon dioxide. In some embodiments, the concentration of silicon dioxide is greater in the ILD layer 218 than in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B, and the concentration of silicon oxide is greater in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B than in the ILD layer 218. In other words, the concentration of silicon oxide SiO in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B decreases toward an interface (represented by the dotted line) between the fully oxidized Si liner 222B and the ILD layer 218, while the concentration of silicon dioxide increases toward the same interface. In some embodiments, the concentration of silicon dioxide is greater than the concentration of silicon oxide in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B. Furthermore, the ESL 220 may be substantially free of any silicon oxide or silicon dioxide. Still referring to FIG. 13 , in some embodiments, such changes in concentration is gradual at the interface, as indicated by the dotted line between the fully oxidized Si liner 222B and the ILD layer 218 in FIG. 11. Importantly, in the present embodiments, the fully oxidized Si liner 222B is substantially free of any elemental (i.e., unoxidized) silicon. In this regard, the amount of the elemental silicon in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B may be insignificant enough such that it does not adversely impact the subsequent etching of a contact trench as discussed above. As a non-limiting example, the amount of unoxidized, elemental silicon may be less than about 0.1% by weight in the fully oxidized Si liner 222B. It is understood that the baking process 264 also causes the oxygen atoms 242 to diffuse into the interfacial layer (e.g., interfacial layer 282 as depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12 ) that remains in the gate trenches 270 after removing the dummy gate structures 210, causing regrowth of the interfacial layer. If a substantially amount of the oxygen atoms 242 diffuses into the interfacial layer, the excess regrowth may lead to a thicker interfacial layer and consequently increase resistance of the device 200. In the present embodiments, however, the Si liner 222 (or the partially oxidized Si liner 222A) reduces the amount of the oxygen atoms 242 present by reacting with them to form one or more oxidized silicon compounds, thereby lowering the extent of the regrowth of the interfacial layer. In the present embodiments, the baking process 264 is implemented at a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 650 degrees Celsius, a temperature range configured to ensure proper device performance. On one hand, if the temperature is less than about 400 degrees Celsius, the thermal energy would not have been sufficient to cause the diffusion of the oxygen atoms 242 into (and the subsequent oxidation of) the partially oxidized Si liner 222A. On the other hand, if the temperature is greater than about 650 degrees Celsius, excess heat may de-activate the dopants in the S/D features 214P and 214N, thereby degrading the performance of the device 200. In some embodiments, the baking process 264 is implemented at a temperature higher than that of the annealing process discussed above with reference to operation 112 and FIG. 6 , which only partially oxidizes the Si liner 222. In some examples, the baking process 264 may be implemented for about 0.3 hour to about 2 hours in duration. It is understood that the duration of the baking process 264 is not limited to this range and may vary according to a thickness of the ILD layer 218. Thereafter, referring to FIG. 11 , the method 100 at operation 122 forms an HKMG 280 in each gate trench 270. Each HKMG 280 may include an interfacial layer 282 disposed over the channel regions 216P and 216N, a high-k dielectric layer (not depicted) disposed over the interfacial layer 282, and a metal gate stack 284 disposed over the high-k dielectric layer. The metal gate stack may further include at least one work function metal layer (not depicted) and a bulk conductive layer (not depicted) disposed thereover. The interfacial layer 282 may be formed as a part of the HKMG 280 at operation 122 or, alternatively, may be formed before depositing the dummy gate structure 210 at operation 102 and may remain in the gate trench 270 after the dummy gate structure 210 is removed at operation 118. In the present embodiments, the former scenario is depicted as a non-limiting example. The work function metal layer may be a p-type or an n-type work function metal layer. Example work function metals may include TiN, TaN, Ru, Mo, Al, WN, ZrSi₂, MoSi₂, TaSi₂, NiSi₂, Ti, Ag, TaAl, TaAlC, TiAlN, TaC, TaCN, TaSiN, Mn, Zr, other suitable work function materials, or combinations thereof. The bulk conductive layer may include Cu, W, Al, Co, Ru, other suitable metals, or combinations thereof. The HKMG 280 may further include other layers (not depicted), such as a capping layer, a barrier layer, other suitable layers, or combinations thereof. Various layers of the HKMG 280 may be deposited by any suitable method, such as chemical oxidation, thermal oxidation, ALD, CVD, PVD, plating, other suitable methods, or combinations thereof. Referring to FIG. 12 , the method 100 at operation 124 forms an S/D contact 290 over the S/D features 214P and/or 214N, where each S/D contact 290 is configured to interconnect the S/D features 214P/214N to subsequently-formed vias, conductive lines, and/or other interconnect structures. The S/D contacts 290 may be formed by first depositing an ILD layer 288 over the ILD layer 218, forming a patterned masking element (not depicted) that exposes a portion of the device 200 above the S/D features 214P/214N, etching to remove the exposed portion to form a contact trench (not depicted), depositing a conductive material in the contact trench, and subsequently planarizing a top surface of the device 200 to form the S/D contacts 290. The ILD layer 288 may be substantially similar to the ILD layer 218 and may be formed by any suitable methods discussed herein. The conductive material may include Cu, W, Al, Co, Ru, other suitable metals, or combinations thereof and may be formed by CVD, PVD, plating, other suitable methods, or combinations thereof. As depicted herein, portions of the fully oxidized Si liner 222B and the ESL 220 remain on sidewalls of the S/D contact 290 in the PMOS region 220P, while only portions of the ESL 220 remain on the sidewalls of the S/D contact 290 in the NMOS region 200N. Thereafter, the method 100 at operation 126 may implement additional processing steps to the device 200. For example, the method 100 may form additional contact features over the device 200 including, for example, gate contacts over the HKMGs 280, vertical interconnect features such as vias, horizontal interconnect features such as metal lines, other interconnect structures, or combinations thereof. In the present embodiments, forming the S/D contact 290 includes etching portions of the ILD layers 288 and 218 as well as portions of the fully oxidized Si liner 222B and the ESL 220 to form the contact trench as discussed above. Generally, the etching process is configured to remove dielectric materials such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and/or silicon dioxide included in the layers (e.g., the ESL 220, the fully oxidized Si liner 222B, the ILD layer 218, and the ILD layer 288) disposed over the S/D features 214P/214N using a common etchant. However, if the partially oxidized Si liner 222A, rather than the fully oxidized Si liner 222B, remains in the device 200 before forming the S/D contact 290, the elemental silicon therein would present etching selectivity with respect to the dielectric materials in the ESL 220 as well as the ILD layers 218 and 288. In one such instance, as depicted in a profile 292 of dotted lines in FIG. 12 , the presence of elemental (i.e., unoxidized) silicon limits the extent of etching and reduces a width of a bottom portion of the contact trench. Consequently, the contact area between the S/D contact 290 and the S/D features 214P/214N is reduced, inadvertently increasing the contact resistance of the device 200. The embodiments provided herein address this challenge by performing the implantation process 260 followed by the baking process 264 to ensure that all, or substantially all, of the elemental silicon is fully oxidized in the Si liner 222, thereby forming the fully oxidized Si liner 222B as discussed above.

github_open_source_100_8_19925

Github OpenSource

Various open source

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace RTCH { class CHMessage { public string Channel { get; set; } public object Data { get; set; } } }

8590341_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

Houssein Gaber Ibrahim, född 1 januari 1999, är en djiboutisk simmare. Vid olympiska sommarspelen 2020 i Tokyo slutade Gaber Ibrahim på 65:e plats på 50 meter frisim och blev utslagen i försöksheatet. Källor Houssein Gaber Ibrahim på olympics.com Noter Djiboutiska simmare Tävlande vid olympiska sommarspelen 2020 från Djibouti Tävlande i simning vid olympiska sommarspelen 2020 Födda 1999 Levande personer Män Personer i Djibouti under 2000-talet.

github_open_source_100_8_19926

Github OpenSource

Various open source

package org.quattor.pan.parser; import org.quattor.pan.parser.annotation.AnnotationProcessor; public class AnnotationToken extends Token { private Object value; public AnnotationToken() { super(); } public AnnotationToken(int kind) { this(kind, null); } public AnnotationToken(int kind, String image) { super(kind, image); if (image != null) { // Would throw a NullPointerException // Also, recent javacc generated code doesn't call the init wit the image // but sets the attribute in the newToken call try { value = AnnotationProcessor.process(image); } catch (org.quattor.pan.parser.annotation.ParseException e) { value = e; } } } @Override public Object getValue() { if (value == null && this.image != null) { // See remark on recet javacc in the init try { value = AnnotationProcessor.process(this.image); } catch (org.quattor.pan.parser.annotation.ParseException e) { value = e; } } return value; } }

6817863_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

Hetmanato (ucraniano: Гетьма́нщина; em documentos oficiais - Ucrânia, Hoste Zaporijiana) é o nome historiográfico de uma parte das terras cossacas no território da Ucrânia moderna, e também, parcialmente, Rússia (Starodubye), Bielorrússia (Loev e a parte oriental da Polésia bielorrussa) e Moldávia (a parte norte da Transnístria), que em diferentes períodos históricos estiveram sujeitos ao poder do Hetman da Hoste Zaporijiana. O Hetmanato tem origem na revolta de Khmelnytski (1648). Inicialmente, cobria o Dnieper, Transnístria, Sevéria e Zaporíjia. Após a revolta de Barabash e Pushkar, entre os chefes do Exército de Base Zaporijiana, a desconfiança do Hetman tornou-se mais forte, como resultado do qual o Sich Zaporijiano começou a se submeter ao Hetman apenas formalmente. Após a conclusão da Paz Eterna de 1686 entre o Império Russo e a Comunidade Polaco-Lituana. O Hetmanato na margem direita do Dnieper, que permaneceu na coroa polonesa, foi eliminado e, portanto, como regra, em relação a esse período histórico, o termo é usado apenas em relação à margem esquerda, Kiev e seus arredores. No entanto, até a década de 1760, instituições de poder hetman também existiam nas terras da Horda Edisan, ou seja, no território da Transnístria e parte da Bratslavshchina, recebida por Pedro Ivanenco do Império Otomano e sob a proteção dos cãs da Crimeia. Em 1654, o Hetmanato ficou sob o protetorado do Czar russo. Desde 1663, o Hetmanato, que tinha uma série de direitos especiais em termos políticos e administrativos como parte do Czarado da Rússia, era controlado pela Ordem da Pequena Rússia. Depois que o Hetman Mazepa apoiou Carlos XII na Guerra do Norte, a influência dos hetmans diminuiu significativamente: por decreto do Czar Pedro I, em 1709, o intendente Andrey Izmailov foi designado para o Hetman Skoropadski (um ano depois ele foi substituído por outro mordomo, Fiodor Protasiev), a residência do Hetman foi confirmada em Glukhov, e os assuntos de administração de terras, com a morte de Skoropadski, de 1722 a 1727 foram completamente transferidos para o departamento do Collegium da Pequena Rússia. A luta sem fim entre Stepan Velyaminov, que chefiava o Collegium da Pequena Rússia, e o Hetman nomeado Pavel Polubotok, que nunca foi reconhecido no Sejm, levaram à decisão em São Petersburgo em 1726 de fechar o Collegium e restaurar o Hetmanato, elegendo um novo Hetman. Em 1728, foi eleito Daniil Apóstolo, que apoiou Vasily Kochubey durante o reinado de Pedro I. Durante o reinado de Pedro II e Anna Ioannovna, os direitos do Hetman foram significativamente ampliados: "Pontos decisivos" foram elaborados; os cossacos que viviam na Turquia foram autorizados a retornar à Rússia, o que permitiu que Ivan Biletski, contrário à proibição por parte do Canato da Crimeia, de chegar com um exército a Belaya Tserkov e prestar o juramento russo. Durante o reinado de Daniel, o Apóstolo, os cossacos tiveram a oportunidade de se estabelecerem em aldeias suburbanas. Após a morte de Daniil, o Apóstolo, em 1734 (veja a Revolta de Gaidamak), São Petersburgo não teve pressa em eleger um novo Hetman, mas seguiu os "Pontos Decisivos" elaborados sob o apóstolo. Sob Ernst Biron, um decreto foi aprovado no Collegium da Pequena Rússia, que serviu como escritório do Hetman por 16 anos e na verdade representou o segundo Collegium da Pequena Rússia. O Hetmanato foi restaurado por decreto da imperatriz Elizaveta Petrovna, que concedeu terras e o título de Hetman ao Conde Kirill Razumovski em 1750, mas já em 1764, por decreto da Imperatriz Catarina, a Grande, o título de Hetman da Hoste Zaporijiana foi finalmente abolido: o último Hetman da Hoste Zaporijiana, o Conde Kirill Razumovski, recebeu a mais alta patente militar, General-Marechal de Campo, e a gestão da Pequena Rússia foi confiada ao Conde Pedro Rumyantsev. No entanto, a antiga divisão administrativo e territorial do Hetmanato foi mantida na Rússia até 1782. Em 1782, no decurso da reforma administrativa, entrou em vigor o Regulamento Geral das Províncias do Império Russo de 1781, resultando na abolição da estrutura administrativa de centenas de regimentos. Ver também Cossacos Margem direita da Ucrânia Margem esquerda da Ucrânia Referências História da Rússia História da Ucrânia História da Rússia por período História da Ucrânia por período Cossacos.

408004_1

Wikipedia

CC-By-SA

DHC Slavia Praha je pražský ženský házenkářský klub. Je dlouhodobě jedním z nejúspěšnějším týmem nejvyšší domácí soutěže, kde pravidelně bojuje o nejvyšší příčky. Účastní se spojené české a slovenské soutěže s názvem WHIL. V roce 2023 získal zlaté medaile v národním play-off, když ve finále porazil DHK Baník Most. Stejnému soupeři v březnu 2023 podlehl ve finále domácího poháru 24:25. Týmové úspěchy Mistr republiky – 1925/26, 1928/29, 1932/33, 1934/35 – národní házená (ženy) 1924/25, 1925/26, 1941/42 – národní házená (muži) 1959/60, 1990/91, 1992/93 – Československo 1993/94, 1998/99, 1999/00, 2000/01, 2001/02, 2006/07, 2009/10 2022/2023 - Česká republika Vítěz WHIL 2009/10 Finalista PMEZ 1960/61 Semifinalista Poháru EHF 2000/01 Vítěz Národní Play-Off 2023 Historie Oddíl házené byl založen v rámci SK Slavia Praha dne 10. září 1919. Úvodní období činnosti bylo korunováno titulem mistra republiky v sezoně 1925/26. Mistrem se ženy SK Slavia dále staly v letech 1929, 1933 a 1935. V této době byla Slavia hlavním dodavatelem žen do reprezentačních družstev Čech a Moravy a ČSR. Následně však přišel ústup ze slávy a zlepšení nastalo až v roce 1949 postupem do I. ligy. V roce 1952 skončilo družstvo na 3. místě a od tohoto roku také přešla SK Slavia na mezinárodní házenou – handball. Roku 1960 slavil tým opět mistrovský titul, avšak na ten následující musel čekat dlouhých 31 let. Během 70. a 80. let družstvo žen nedosahovalo významných výsledků a pohybovalo se mezi národní a I. ligou. Od roku 1988 nastal obrat a SK Slavia se stala pravidelným účastníkem české nejvyšší soutěže. V ní se pohybuje pravidelně na medailových příčkách a v ročnících 1990/91, 1992/93, 1993/1994, 1998/1999, 1999/2000, 2000/01, 2001/02, 2006/07 a naposledy 2009/10 oslavila titul mistra republiky. V roce 2009/10 vyhrála jako první český klub v historii prestižní WHIL (společná česko-slovenská interliga). Domácí soutěž Související články SK Slavia Praha – fotbalový klub HC Slavia Praha – lední hokej HC Slavia Praha ženy – ženský hokej Externí odkazy www.dhcslavia.cz – oficiální stránky klubu DHC Slavia Praha Slavia Praha Slavia Praha Sportovní kluby v Praze Házená v Praze Ženské házenkářské kluby.

lettersofmartinl00luth_13

English-PD

Public Domain

Grace and peace ! Yesterday the Electoral Prince and Graf Albrecht appeared unexpectedly on their way home. I was glad they had escaped from the turmoil, and hope that you, too, may soon be free. You have done enough. It is now time for the Lord to work, and He will do it. Only be of good cheer and trust Him. I am angry, and yet glad, that Eck and our opponents make this wicked accusation against us that in declaring the necessity of enjoying the sacrament in both kinds we are condemning the whole Church and the Emperor himself. These miserable creatures have no resource left them but to flee to the Emperor in their distress and flatter him to his face. Well, let them misuse the Emperor's name as they will, so that they may draw down upon themselves the wrath of Him who in heaven is preparing His bows and arrows against them. This is how the Turks talk, and yet we must not fancy that such a mighty people shall all be damned. Were this so, what article of our faith could 1 Another printer. '^ His nephew. •' Another nephew. 248 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER ,530 we maintain were it dependent on the mob? But why discuss this in a letter ? Only remember, my Philip, that you are one of those who are called Lots in Sodom, whose righteous souls are vexed day and night with the filthy communications of the wicked. But what follows ? The Lord knows how to deliver the godly out of temptation. You have con- fessed Christ, you have pled for peace, you have obeyed the Emperor, been loaded with shame, and have not requited evil for evil ; in short, you have conducted the sacred work devolving on you in a way becoming a saint. You have gone long enough with downcast head, and I would now bid you raise your eyes towards heaven as a true member of Christ. I long for your return, that I may wipe the perspira- tion from you after this hot bath. To-day my head was very bad. The winds howling round the castle just now must have their playground in my head. The Prince gave me a gold ring, which fell from my finger, as if to show that I am not born to wear gold, upon which I said, " Thou art a worm and no man." Eck or Faber should have had it, for lead or a cord round the neck is more seemly for me. He wished to take me home with him, but I said I must wait for you. I pray and hope you may be of good courage, and not distress yourself needlessly over the unpromising aspect of present events, nor be afraid, for you know the whole matter rests in the hands of Him who in a moment can cover the heavens with clouds, and then suddenly make the sun shine brightly, and delights so to do, into whose bosom I, poor sinner of sinners, commend you poor sinners, although I deny being a defender of sin. Greet our brethren in the Lord. Amen. Martin Luther. P.S. — You must not believe there is an infectious disease in Wittenberg. All goes well there, God be praised. (SchUtze and Walch, v. 16. 2838.) I530 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 249 CCXLIX To Wenzel Link Luther defends Melanchthon against Baumgiirtner and Osiander, who complained he was too yielding in the union negotiations. The Elector's lawyers would have given way for the sake of brotherly love, but the Elector was firm, saying it was not a case for Christian love. Septemhei- 20, 1530. Grace and peace ! Be angry and sin not. I have read your heavy accusation against my Philip, dear Link, and had I not learned from our people's letters from Augsburg last Saturday that they had committed our cause to the Emperor I would have been much shocked. I trust you now know that our business bears quite a different aspect from what it did then. If it were not so, I would write sharp letters to them, which Spangenberg would forward. But I have already let it be understood that I was not inclined to approve of such articles and conditions. I fancy they now see for themselves that these are dis- graceful church - robbing conditions with which our opponents, those bold, impudent gentlemen, try to mock our weak little party. But Christ, who has permitted them to become so blinded and hardened as not to believe the gospel, is thus preparing them for the Red Sea ! They are on the brink of irremediable ruin, and must perish, for they will have it so. The Lord be with us ! Therefore lay aside your wrath. Philip is still negotiating some points, but nothing is yet arranged. But I believe Christ has used such false appearances to mock our revilers, by filling them with false joy and hope, and making them believe we would give way, and then they would conquer. But afterwards they would see they were only being befooled. I am certain that, without my consent, theirs is useless. And even were I to consent to such godless monstrosities, the whole Church and the gospel teaching 2 50 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1530 would be against it. Pray for me, and farewell in the Lord. Greet your Eve and the children. Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 16. I 541.) CCL To Philip Melanchthon September zo, 1530. To the learned Philip Melanchthon, servant of the Lord. Grace and peace in Christ ! You could not credit, my Philip, what a swarm of verbal and written com- plaints I received after I got your letter, and very specially concerning yourself. I tell you this most unwillingly, for I am tenderly solicitous not to grieve you in the slightest, for you should receive only consolation from me, who ought to help you to bear your burden. And hitherto I have always tried to do so. But now I have our people's letters and the other party to contend with. I defend myself thus. At first our Augsburg friends sent me very different accounts. But I am determined rather to believe you than others, and hope you will conceal nothing pertaining to the cause from me. For I am convinced that you will concede nothing which could injure the confession and the gospel. But to begin with, it is not necessary to explain explicitly what the gospel and our confession really are ! But we must abide by our old agreement — to concede everything in the interests of peace which is not at variance with the gospel and our recent confession. I have no fear for the good cause, but dreaded force and cunning on your account. Pray write, via NQrnberg, all that has happened since I got your last letter. For the tragic letters of our people would make us fancy that our affairs have assumed a serious aspect. The night before last some one mumbled something like this before the Prince at supper, but I said, with assumed indifference, that no one had written me about it. So I long for letters. Give me a true account to stop their mouths. They pay no attention to me. 1530 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 251 May the Lord guide and maintain you. Amen. From the desert. Martin Luther. (SchOtzc.) CCLI To Nicolas Hausmann Luther relates the course of negotiations since the Prince left. September 2-^, '530. Grace and peace ! As you wish to hear all that has taken place in Augsburg since the Prince's departure, dear Nicolas, I shall briefly relate everything. You know that certain umpires have been chosen to deliberate over unity of doctrine and peace, and Herr Philip is among them. But as they could not agree they again referred the matter to the Emperor, and now await his decision, although in the last letter they said the way was being paved for an agreement. In our former peace negotiations our opponents demanded we should permit private masses, retain both canons with the glossary, and the word sacrifice, etc., and call it an open question whether one takes the sacrament under both kinds or not, and allow the married monks to leave their wives and return to the cloister, and cease being considered married men. If we concede these, then they will tolerate the sacrament in both kinds, and acknow- ledge the wives for the sake of the children till a future council. You here see Satan's presumption, dear Nicolas, in making such disgraceful proposals to those whom he leads captive at his will. But our people have not yielded, although they have offered to restore the jurisdiction to the bishops if they will permit the preaching, and do away with the abuses and some of the fast days. But nothing has yet been done. As I write, letters have come from the dear Elector saying , the Emperor permits him to leave to-day. The Emperor ' Charles is a Christian who seeks to establish peace and unity, but whether he may be able to do so I know not, as he is surrounded by so many masked devils (devils in disguise). Farewell. Martin Luther. COBURG. (Walch, V. 2 1. i2i6.) 252 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER ,530 CCLII To Katherine, Luther's Wife September ij^, 1530. Grace and peace in Christ, my dear Kathie ! I hope, by God's grace, we shall be with you in fourteen days, although I fear our cause will not remain uncondemned. Efforts are being made towards this end. They will have difficulty in forcing the monks and nuns to return to the cloister. Still has written ; he hopes all will end peace- fully in Augsburg when they disperse. It would be a mercy if God granted this, for the Turk is determined to be at us. I herewith commit you to God. Amen. Martin Luther. CCLIII To THE Elector John On bidding the Elector adieu at Augsburg the Emperor said : " Ohm, Ohm, I did not expect this of you ! " And it was most courageous to oppose Charles V., whom twenty kingdoms obeyed. October 3, i 530. To the High-born Elector John. Grace and peace, most gracious Lord ! I am delighted that your Electoral Highness is emerging from the Augsburg hell, and although the eye of man may be displeased with this, still we hope that God may finish the work He has begun in us, and strengthen us more and more. You are in God's hands, even as we are, and our enemies cannot hurt a hair of our heads except God wills it. I have committed the matter to the Lord, who has begun it, and will complete it, I fully believe. It is beyond man's power to bestow such a gospel {hehre)^ so I shall watch to see who dare defy God in these things, for " bloody and deceitful men shall not Jive out half their days." They may threaten, but to carry out is not in their own power. May your Electoral Grace be strong in the spirit of joy and steadfastness. Amen. 1530 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 253 Also, seeing I have kept house at Coburg for half a year, I must mention some drawbacks, but do not wish to burden your Grace therewith, but feel it my duty to make them known, as an order from you to the officials would be sufficient to rectify them. I heard of them through subordinates, but have seen them myself, and all details can be had from Herr von Sternberg and the keeper (Kasnier), both of whom privately complained to me, being much distressed over it, and yet were powerless to make any change. They enumerate defects in enclosed paper,' and humbly plead that your Grace would issue orders which cannot be disregarded. Your Electoral Highness's obedient Martin Luther. (De Wette.) CCLIV To Nicolas Amsdorf Luther was now in Wittenberg. He preached before the Elector in Torgau on the first Sunday after his return. October 31, i 530. Your accusing me of not writing, most excellent Amsdorf, justifies me in retaliating upon you for your continuous silence. For although knowing how solitary I was, you did not send me a line of consolation, but heaped injury upon injury by persisting in the said silence. And now you accuse me of a neglect which is not mine, but yours. I wonder if you have, perhaps, meanwhile become Archbishop of Magdeburg and Primate of Germany, that you have so easily forgotten poor me, and administer rebukes in such a high-handed fashion. For I do not think you should blame me for calling him of Mainz Reverend, unless you thought you were thereby being deprived of your lawful title. For I only used the word in Court fashion, even as one says " Gracious Sirs " when perhaps speaking to raging devils. But you have given me one pleasure in expressing yourself pleased with my last publication. I could issue nothing more because of my health, and can scarcely revise it, it being 1 Not found. 254 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1530 written by stealth, and much against the wish of my disease, and its progress at the printer's is as slow. More of this when you come to visit us, which I hope you will do, so that we may have delightful converse before departing this life. For I feel symptoms of approaching age. May the Lord be graciously with you in truth. Amen. Martin Luther. Wittenberg. (Schotze.) CCLV To Nicolas Amsdorf Account of the Emperor's coronation at Bologna. Nouember z, 1530. Grace and peace ! Our people will have told you about our Emperor, for it is a long story. But this is certain. He intends coming to Germany soon, and it is expected he will be very indignant against us if the Turk does not bring him to another way of thinking, as was the case at Vienna, where he compelled the proudest Dukes of Bavaria to write humbly to the heretical princes for help. For the Turk is only putting off his time in Hungary, being determined to return to Germany in spring. One of our ambassadors was here, who was sent by our Princes to the Emperor, and taken captive by him. He told of the pomp with which the Pope received his Majesty at Bologna, where he has been crowned. After the Emperor had kissed the Pope's feet his Holiness said : " Your Majesty must forgive me, but I dislike having my feet kissed, but the ancient ceremonial demands this." The Emperor then knelt, and the Pope kissed him re- peatedly on the cheek, after which his whole retinue was admitted to kiss the Papal feet. Four thousand ducats were scattered among the people. Charles honoured the Pope with a purse containing four thousand pieces of gold, with his own and his brother's likenesses. They were called presentation gulden. The canons may triumph now, for they will soon perish, while I530 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 255 for the disciples it is a time of sorrow. The joy will soon come to an end. Let us only pray, and the gates of hell will not prevail. Martin Luther. (Schatze.) CCLVI To Wenzel Link Charles V. tried to get his brother Ferdinand chosen as Roman king, having bribed five Electors with large sums which he procured from the Fuggers. The Elector John summoned the Princes to a conference at Schmalkalden. December i, i 530. To the esteemed Wenzel Link, preacher in Nornberg. There are no news here, for you know more of what is taking place in Coburg than we. We hear of floods in Antwerp and Flanders. If it be true, then it is an evil omen against both their Majesties — the Papal as well as the Imperial. For these are signs through which Christ is preparing for coming to judgment. The end of the world is drawing nigh, while the reign of the saints begins to dawn. Pray that my faith may increase. In body I am pretty well, except that I am. afflicted with a discharge in the teeth and neck. Greet all our people, Osiander and the Abbot Dominic, Spengler, and our Veit. For I cannot write them all. For I am not only Luther, but Pommer and Dome Provost, and Moses and Jethro, and what not ! Yes, all in all ! But truly the more numerous the objects which distract his attention, the less capable does he become of managing even one. Pommer's work in Lilbeck is most successful, but Satan gives him much trouble through a maiden who is possessed. The devil tries wonderful ways of attacking people, which you will find in the enclosed letters, which you can read and return. Greet your wife and child from me. My Kathie greets you. Martin Luther. (SchQtze.) P.S. — Pray send enclosed to Strassburg, and have it put into dear Nicolas Gerbel's hands. 256 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1530 CCLVII To THE Elector John Luther advises the Elector to vote for Ferdinand as Roman Emperor. December 12, i 530. Grace and peace, Most Serene High-born Prince, Most Gracious Lord ! My dear friend Dr. Bruck has, at your Grace's request, secretly asked my opinion as to the elec- tion of a Roman Emperor, as His Majesty wished your opinion on this matter. Although my mean worldly position should preclude my mixing in such high matters, about which I cannot advise, not being sufficiently acquainted with all the circumstances, still I shall communicate my thoughts to your Grace. First, I think that it is most desirable that, in the choice of a king, your Grace should, in God's name, vote, and for this reason : If you refuse to vote, then they might have a pretext for depriving you of your Electorate. On the other hand, if you do vote, then you would be confirmed in the tenure of your Electorate, and thus their cunning devices to deprive you of your lands would be frustrated, even as God defeated their wickedness at Augsburg when they fancied your Grace dared not appear, and then they would have had a pretext for condemning your Electoral Highness. So again their wiles will be foiled, and you will retain your lands with all the more glory. You may rest assured that it is no sin to choose an enemy of the gospel in a worldly sense as Emperor, as you cannot prevent it, and then your Grace must obey the King. And again, should your Highness refuse to vote, the choice might fall on Herzog George, or such another, and then the title might descend to his heirs, and cause unending jealousy and dissension. Therefore, should your Grace, through refusing to vote, burden your conscience with so many evil consequences, it would be a great grief to me, and perhaps most offensive to God. It would be better to vote, trusting in God, who is able to shape the future far better than we, and your Electoral 1530 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 257 Grace can always cleave to the gospel in spite of King Ferdinand, as happened under the Emperor, and besides God can arrange the future for the benefit of those who believe in Him. And I should not like your Grace's confidence in God, which shone so gloriously in Augsburg, to suffer injury through fear of the future, especially as we have no Scrip- ture warrant or necessity for acting thus, and which might be our ruin. The third reason is, were you not to vote, then the kingdom is torn asunder and Germany divided, through which war may ensue, for one party will not yield to the other unless coerced through war. God knows these are no light matters, but may He help us not to make them harder. The future is not at man's disposal, as an old History tells us, and when God is not at the helm, things turn out very differently from what one expects. If the Pope and Emperor did not get their own way at Augsburg, hence- forth they will certainly fail, as they trust their own wisdom. Only let us cleave to God, and not to an uncertain future, as they did. The Landgrave of Hesse has caused himself to be inscribed as a citizen of Zurich, which is no cause of rejoicing to me, and if God do not prevent, a great war may ensue, in which the error of the sacrament may be defended and we be blamed, a calamity which may Christ avert. For the Swiss have not yet retracted, but maintain their error. AivXcOrd God, I am far tOQ^jnuch^-of a child for these worldly affairs ! I shall pray God to protect and guide you graciously, as He has hitherto done ; or should anything untoward happen, that He may provide a way of escape. Amen. Your Electoral Grace will take my unintelligible prating in good part. I speak as I understand, but desire that your Grace's conscience may be clear, for it would be my greatest trial should it run into danger. I herewith commit you to the grace of God. Your Electoral High- ness's devoted Martin Luther. (De Wette.) 258 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 ^53' In consequence of Ferdinand's election as King of Rome, and the news that Charles V. was collecting troops in Brabant, the Schmalkald league was formed by Hesse and Saxony, with the support of King Frederick of Denmark, for the protection of Protestantism. CCLVIII To THE Town Council of GOttingen Luther sends them a preacher. January 1 1, 1531. To the honoured Mayor and Council of Gottingen. Grace and peace in Christ ! I herewith send the preacher of whom I wrote lately, Herr Birnstiel, and although he may not be master of the Saxon tongue, still I trust he may please, as in Brunswick the North German dialect satisfies them in the pulpit. The other licentiate, Basilius, will soon follow. He cannot sell his glebe, implements, and cattle so hurriedly, hence the delay. The clergy are becoming scarce (^dunne) here. The harvest is great and the labourers few, so they must be treated accordingly. I trust your Excellencies will find them learned and capable men. Herr Basil speaks both good Saxon and North German, so I confidently recommend them. Pray provide them with money for the journey. Meantime I bade them borrow. God grant they may bring forth much fruit, to the honour of His name and your salvation. Amen. Martin Luther. WlTTKNBERR. (De Wette.) CCLIX To Nicolas Hausmann About the Sacramentarians (Zwinglians). January 21, i 531. Honoured in the Lord, grace and peace ! It is hardly necessary for me to write, as Jonas, a living epistle, is starting for you. From him you can hear what is taking place here and elsewhere. The Sacramentarians I53I LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 259 are most anxious to communicate with us, and are con- ceding some things and adopting a milder tone. We shall pray that the harmony may be complete. Pommer is working diligently, but Satan buffets him through a maiden who is possessed. Jonas, this Demosthenes, will enlarge upon all this with his usual eloquence. I wonder that Bernard is not back. Write him to return imme- diately, for the living of Sebastian- Rotteritz is waiting for him. It is near Leisling, and I think will suit him. If not, I shall seek something else. Tell him he will not eat me into the poorhouse in three or four weeks ; so manage this for me. We are reissuing the German Psalter because of the enemy's aspersions. Christ, who has begun the work, will finish it, to His honour and our salvation. My wife and household greet you respectfully. Yours obediently, Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 21. 1377.) CCLX To John GDtel, Preacher in Gottingen Luther introduces the bearer of this letter to his future colleagues. January 22, 1531. Here, excellent brother, is one of the promised preachers, Hans Birnstiel ; the second will follow when he has sold his farm and belongings. I beseech you, further Christ's cause, and introduce no innovations into the services, if in accordance with your views. For the common man gladly seizes any such pretext for damaging God's Word. For although such ceremonials do not v promote holiness, still they arrest the attention of coarser \ natures. I speak chiefly of the rites connected with the > mass, altars, etc., and of vestments, torches, and such-like trifles, which can be retained, if not already done away with, as in Wittenberg. If so, restore them gradually, but let God's Word have the first place, so that no one's conscience may be offended. For they are useful for children and feeble folks, who must be considered. But you have reached 26o LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 the highest degree of perfection, for love and unity reign among you. May the Lord continue this ; and pray for me. Martin Luther. Wittenberg. CCLXI To Martin Bocer, Preacher in Strassburg Concerning the Lord's Supper. January 22, 1531. Grace and peace in Christ ! We read your confession of faith, and highly approve of it, and thank God that we are so far at least agreed that the body and blood are really in the Lord's Supper, and given as food to the soul. But why maintain that Zwingli and CEcolampadius are of the same opinion } If we say that Christ's body is really offered as food to the soul, and that it is no contradiction to assert He is as much offered to a Christless soul, although it cannot at once perceive it, even as the sunlight illuminates the eyes of the blind as well as of those who see, I wonder you should be loath to admit that we outwardly put the body into the mouths of the godless as well as of the pious. For admitting that all are allowed to partake of it, then it cannot be denied that the body is present in several places at once. If this opinion does not yet prevail among you, then the negotiations must be stopped, awaiting further en- lightenment from God. I cannot recede from this position, and if you do not feel that this idea lies in Christ's words, then how can there be an enduring union between us unless I am wiUing to sow the seeds of still greater dissensions in our congregations, thus causing a split which will prevent any unanimity. Therefore, I beseech you, let us not ratify such a false agreement, which will cause all manner of offences, but leave the matter to God, and seek meantime to maintain this understanding that both parties admit that the body of Christ is really present in the sacrament, and partaken of inwardly by behevers. For were we to do more than this, your people who partake of the sacrament with us, and ours who do so with you, would necessarily receive it I53I LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 261 in opposition to what they believe, thus betraying the faith of those who do not know of the compact, or be guilty of open sacrilege towards them who are aware of it, and whether this would be to edification or Christ-like you know yourself. So let us be satisfied with this empty union, rather than a closer one, which would end in a more tragic separation, and produce all kinds of dis- turbance. Would that I could convince you of what I told you in Coburg, that I desire greatly to heal this rupture, even should it cost three lives, for unanimity is necessary for us, and our dissensions have injured the gospel, so that I believe all the gates of hell, the papacy, and the Turk, along with the world and the flesh, could not do us so much harm if we were only of one mind. Were it possible, how gladly would I give my hand towards this end ! I expected great things from the Coburg discussions, but my hopes have not yet been fulfilled. May the Lord Jesus enlighten and draw us together through a real union ! I pray for this. I commit you to God. Martin Luther. Wittenberg. (Schiitze.) CCLXII To Katherine Zell, Matthew Zell's Wife This letter shows Luther's relation to the Strassburg people. January 24, 1531. To the virtuous lady, the wife of Matthew Zell, in Strassburg. I have not yet answered your letter, my good friend, which I received some time ago, thinking it premature to discuss matters, but seeing (God be praised) that the situation is slightly altered, I now write to beg you to do everything, with your husband and others, for the maintenance of peace and unanimity (if God will). For you know that love must go before everything, except God, who is over all, even above love itself. W^herev^er God and His Word dwell, there love will have the upper hand next to God. Such a high concern is too much for 262 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 us to manage alone. It must be committed to God in earnest prayer, for it is God's concern, not ours. We are impotent. Pray, pray, and let Him bear the burden. I commit you to God. Remember me to your dear husband. Martin Luther. Luther's Letters to JVomen. CCLXIII To Nicolas Hausmann About the Strassburg people. February 2, 1531. There is nothing new, dear Nicolas, to tell you. The Strassburgers have gone over to the Swiss, and will oppose the Emperor Karl. I have been a true prophet, for I always said that the Sacramentarians were filled with a spirit of secret sedition. If God do not prevent, a new Manzer may arise among them, to their own hurt, and they will be punished because of their contempt for the gospel. There is a rumour that the Turks are approaching, and another that Charles is returning to Spain. The Papists are quite alarmed, and yet will not search their own hearts. England is embracing the Reformation, and the King looks at it through his fingers. The Cardinal, who was worshipped as a demigod in England, nay, over half Europe, has been condemned to lifelong captivity. In France and Spain God's Word is also looking up. The Sacramentarians hate us more than ever since the Marburg Conference, and are sorry we have not been caught in their net. Pray for me. Farewell. Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 21. 1238.) CCLXIV To THE Town Council of Gottingen Luther announces that the two preachers refuse to come. March 1, 1531. To the wise Mayor and Council in Gottingen. Gracious sirs and good friends, grace and peace in IS3I LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 263 Christ ! 1 have had your form of church service printed, as you see. The reason for the Licentiate Basilius not coming you will gather from his letter. I do not come well out of this business in having raised the poor man's hopes, and then having to leave him sitting. My simplicity, or rather folly, is to blame for not first inquiring into all the circumstances. But it is not my first mistake, and will not be my last. God grant that henceforth you may first be sure of your cause, and above all unanimous, before embarking on a similar proceeding. I herewith commit you to God. Martin Luther. (Dc Wette.) CCLXV To John Gutel, Preacher in Gottingen Luther complains of the people's meanness. March i, 1531. Grace and peace ! I have had your Church Service printed, dear Giitel, and wrote a preface for it, and dedicated it to the heads of your congregation. See that it bears fruit. It will fare badly with your people if they reject any more servants of the Church. I have great difficulty in finding serviceable people, for in Wittenberg the scarcity is very great. Formerly thousands were squandered on useless creatures who were deceivers in addition ; now they will scarcely expend one hundred gulden on a pastor {Seelsorger). Therefore I will take nothing more to do with them. They fancy we must be proud of them, and that they cannot be wanted. I cannot answer your inquiries as to whether one may dispense the Holy Sacrament without tonsure and priestly consecration. For if they are not in earnest there, I would prefer you to let it alone. But otherwise you should openly ordain them before the altar with prayer and the laying on of the hands of the other servants of the Word, thus empowering them to dispense the sacra- ment. Excuse those hasty lines. I see so much in- gratitude that I am unwilling to advise or have anything 264 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER ^ 1531 to do with those Israelites who are satiated with the manna. Remain steadfast in Christ. Martin Luther. (Schatze.) CCLXVI To THE Town Council of Gottingen March 28, 1531. Grace and peace, honoured sirs ! The licentiate of whom you wrote is now beyond your reach, having been called to Goslar. As I told you, such people are scarce and precious, and will become more so, and I know of no one sufficiently versed in the Saxon tongue to suit you at present. But I have discussed it with your messenger, and he will try, with a letter from me, to arrange matters with one Cyriac at Cothen, who till now has preached at Zerbst. If he'll accept I'll promote the call. I commit you to God. Martin Luther. (De Wette.) CCLXVII To Nicolas Hausmann Luther mourns over the ingratitude of the Zwickau people. May 14, 1 5 3 1. Grace and peace ! I write a few lines in the greatest haste, to beg you to come here as soon as you can. You would be the most welcome of guests. Do not distress yourself over your people's ingratitude. I am glad we have this opportunity of despising them. You must not resign your living, but under the pretext of visiting me leave them in order to see the issue of events. More by word of mouth. Do not worry your neighbours through your annoyance. It is not your fault. Meanwhile, rejoice in being reviled for the truth and blamed by these ungrateful, people. The Lord be with you ! Greet Cordatus politely from me. Martin Luther. (Schatze.) I53I LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 265 CCLXVIII To HIS Mother Letter of consolation in her last illness. May 20, 1531. Grace and peace in our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ ! Amen, My dearly loved mother, I have heard of your illness from my brother Jacob, and am much grieved that I cannot be with you in person, but am with you in spirit, along with the others. Although I trust your heart has for long been richly supplied with the comforts of God's Word, and with preachers and comforters, still I shall contribute my mite thereto, as is the duty of a child to his mother. First, dear mother, you know well that your sickness is a proof of God's fatherly love, and that the uplifted rod is a small punishment compared to that with which the godless are visited, nay, even that which He brings upon many of His dear children, one beaten, the other burned, and so on, so that all must cry, " For Thy sake we are killed all the day long." Therefore, all such suffering ought to be received as a mark of God's favour, seeing it is a mere trifle compared to that of His dear Son, our Lord Jesus, which He endured for us. And you, dear mother, know the foundation of your blessedness, Christ Jesus, the corner-stone, who will never fail us, for He is the Saviour of all who in their deep need call upon His name. He says, " Be of good cheer ; I have overcome the world." And now that death and sin have been overcome, we may be full of joy, and when sin frightens us we may say, " I will not listen to thy alarms, but to my Saviour's word of consolation, ' Be of good cheer.' This is my stay ; upon it I will depend. It will not deceive me." St. Paul also glories in it, defying the fear of death, exclaiming, " Death is swallowed up in victory." Occupy your heart, dear mother, solely with such thoughts, and be thankful that God has brought you to the knowledge of these things, not leaving you to trust in 266 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 your own works and regard our Saviour as a cruel judge and tyrant, from whom we must flee to Mary and the saints for the comfort He only can give. But we now know the fathomless mercy of our Heavenly Father, and that Jesus is our Mediator and Bishop, daily interceding for us in God's presence so that all who call upon Him may partake of His consolation, for He bare our sins on the tree, so we may boldly approach Him, calling Him by the sweet name of Saviour and Comforter, the true Bishop of our souls. Therefore, joyfully thank the Lord for such tokens of His grace. He who has begun the good work will graciously finish it. For we are powerless to help ourselves. We cannot conquer sin, death, and the devil by our own works, but there is One who can, and who says, " Be of good cheer ; I have overcome the world." And again, " Because I live, ye shall live also ; and your joy no man taketh from you." The God of all consola- tion grant you a firm, joyful faith, so that you may overcome this, and all other distress, and at last experience the truth of these words, " I have overcome the world." I commend you, body and soul, to His mercy. Amen. All your children pray for you, also my Kathie. Some weep, others eat and say, " The grandmother is very ill." May the grace of God be with us all. Amen. Your dear son, Martin Luther. (De Wette.) CCLXIX To Conrad Cordatus Luther wishes Cordatus to visit the Eisleben living. Mav 29, 1531. Grace and peace ! I am delighted with your call to Eisleben, my native town, for then you will be an antagonist of Wicelius, towards whom you have a righteous hatred. But you should first go and inquire into everything, and if you are pleased, then you need not regret leaving that terrible hole. That God's will be done is my sole desire. There you would perhaps breathe a purer atmosphere, which is cleansed by the furnaces ,531 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 267 burning night and day, and not, as in Zwickau, inhale such damp fumes. You know the proverb, " Imagination often makes things appear real." I thank God you feel a little better. But lay aside these fancies, which have made you think you had many serious illnesses. I have often to contend with these fancied ailments also, for our adversary the devil winds himself about us, not only to devour our souls, but to martyr our bodies with torment- ing thoughts. Knowing well that the health of our soul depends very much on that of the body — *' a merry heart doeth good like a medicine, but a broken spirit drieth the bones " — I can talk beautifully to you, but do not follow my own counsel. Farewell in the Lord. Martin Luther. (Schutze.) CCLXX To THE Christians in Zwickau Letter of consolation. June 21, 1531. Grace and peace in Christ ! I know well, God be praised, that many among you are deeply grieved that your two preachers are being so badly treated. Truly they have learned the gospel wrong when they act thus towards their pastors. But it must ever be so that God and His servants are treated thus, outwardly through tyranny, inwardly by false brethren and ungrateful people. My advice is, let the creatures muddle themselves with drink while you possess your souls in patience. They are God's enemies, and so God is their enemy, and it is punishment enough for them to have so powerful an enemy, whom they at present despise, but who will in His own time let them feel His wrath. As for you, remain true to the doctrine you have embraced, and wait on the ministrations of your faithful pastor and the sacraments till you see what the Prince will do. Go to St. Katherine's to service and for the sacrament, or put up with the preacher in the Pfarr Kirche, as it suits. Listen to them in so far as their preaching is pure. 268 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 and partake of the sacrament without scruple, for the Word and sacrament is, and remains, a God-like thing. But do not praise or acquiesce in their shameful doings. For, seeing they are installed, it is not your place to remove them publicly from office or to avoid them till the Prince issues his decree. I commit you to God, that He may strengthen you in this and all tribulation. Martin Luther. (De Wette.) CCLXXI To Michael Stiefel Luther announces a visit at the cherry season. June or 'July. Grace and peace ! Many greetings, dear Michael. I know of nothing to write about, so, in case of burdening you, do not write, but wished to send you this greeting as a letter, and to announce that, if God will, we shall shortly pay a visit to your cherries, with a number of cherry- loving boys. Farewell in the Lord. Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 21. 1238.) CCLXXII To Bernard von Dolen Concerning the marriage of this preacher. July 13, 1531. Grace and peace ! My Kathie greets you, dear Bernard. She orders me to write you. What you write of the carelessness of the preachers and the contempt of the peasants is only too true. Here patience is not only salutary but indispensable. I laud your resolution to marry, but see that the manse is first built, so that you may occupy it alone with your wife. For it is an insuffer-l able thing to lodge in some one else's house with a wife. J I know the maiden, Hanna Zetzschin, well, and trust she is an upright and estimable person. I also know that she has been well brought up, for she learned housekeeping 1531 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 269 under a strict disciplinarian, and had a great deal to do and put up with. Still you must not rely on my judgment or that of any one else, but must see her for yourself in | favourable surroundings. For there is nothing special in her personal appearance, it being rather ordinary, if you wish good looks. Farewell in the Lord, and pray for me. As yet we are, God be praised, all well. Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 11. 1233.) CCLXXIII To THE Elector John of Saxony The Turks threatened war. The Emperor consented to peace negotiations being opened in Frankfort in June, but the Elector was emphatic as to purity of doctrine being maintained, which was secured by the Schmalkald league to the Protestants. August 14, 1 5 3 1. Grace and peace, Most Serene High-born Prince, most gracious Lord ! The learned Dr. BrDck gave me your greeting, with the request that I would pray for your Electoral Grace, I humbly thank you for the greeting, and for all the unmerited favours you have showered upon me. But it is my duty to pray for your Grace, and I have always done so both in the pulpit and secretly in my closet, and shall continue to do so as long as I live, for it would be a sin if I gave it up, knowing how much you have to endure, both outwardly and inwardly, and how heavy your burden is. But the great and gracious God, who has counted you worthy to suffer so much for His Word, and to bear so many burdens connected with the State, will not forsake you, for He has said, " Cast thy burden on the Lord, and he will sustain thee," which He has hitherto so marvellously done, especially in regard to the late Diet. I shall also faithfully serve your dear son, Herzog Ernest. May Christ guard you on your proposed journey, and for ever ! Amen. Your Electoral Grace's obedient Martin Luther. 2 70 LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 1531 CCLXXIV To Nicolas Amsdorf Luther introduces Barnes to Amsdorf. September 4, i 5 3 1. Grace and peace ! I commend to you this English- man, Herr Dr. Anton, my Amsdorf, for he passes your way on his journey to Labeck. You can hear of us from him. Simon Hafritz is here, and I do not know in what nest to place this bird, for you gentlemen of the Treasury have endowed his numerous family scantily. But Luther has a broad back, and will bear this burden also. Thanks for supplying the wants of the others you sent back here. The Lord be with you, and pray for me. Martin Luther. (SchOtze.) CCLXXV To Nicolas Hausmann Luther invites his afflicted friend to visit him. October 31, i 5 3 1. Grace and peace in Christ, who dwells above all the Zwickau disturbances 1 Yes, my excellent friend,' the reason I have not written sooner to comfort you is as much due to the difficulty of sending letters as to the multiplicity of my concerns. I am sorry that you will not return to me, as I like so much to have you with me. Once more I plead with you to return. You would be no burden to me, but a true source of consolation and help. I shall have a room prepared for you and arrange everything. What distresses me most is the ingratitude of the Zwickau people in withholding from you what is your due after you have exhausted your means and strength in their service, which devotion they rewarded by giving you less and less every year. Christ will deliver you from them, and requite them as they deserve. And this same Lord, our hope and crown, our life and peace, IS3I LETTERS OF MARTIN LUTHER 271 will encourage and rejoice your heart, and enable you to despise their poisonous backbiting. It is an honour to be hated of the godless. The grace of God and the anointing of the Holy Spirit be with you. Amen. Martin Luther. (SchQtze and Walch, v. 21. 1398.) CCLXXVI To Nicolas Hausmann No'uember zo, 1531. Grace and peace, dearest friend ! The other day I again wrote begging you to come to me, but as you have not replied I fear you have not got the letter. Therefore I once more plead with you to come at once. An empty room is waiting for you. Have no hesitation in coming, for you will be a comfort to me, and would to God you could spend your whole life with me. It would be easy to entertain you, and a good opportunity of refusing those ungrateful people their request, which otherwise could not be denied them. This Pastor Biichholz will tell you what I mean ; but come speedily. Do not trouble about money. Farewell in Christ. Martin Luther. (Walch, V. 21. 1399.) CCLXXVII To JOHANN BUGENHAGEN, ViSITOR IN LtJBECK No-uember z\, 1531- Grace and peace 1 We expect your return as soon as your wife's health will permit. We have served the Ltlbeck people sufficiently, especially through you, whose absence is now becoming unbearable to us. For I am oppressed with work and often sick, and the Church's money matters suffer, as I cannot attend to them. Do you know that the devil has just sent a wolf, a Zwinglian, to your people in Brunswick } And now that Campanus is entering the fold of this wolf, I know not whether God is punishing our town's ingratitude or trying our patience to the utmost. You can write them on the subject, or speak of it to the magistrate on your way home.

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/ — 561 — Schwdbischer Rerkur Nro. 94. — Mittwoch, den 20 April istZi. Rußland und Polen. Die Hamb. BörsenHalle schreibt aus Riga vom i April: Die Nachrichten auS Litt hauen schei nen uns viel besser zu lauten. Die früheren 21 n< sührer dürften sich aus der Sacke ziehen wollen; »ieS kann nur durch Ereignisse jenseits in Polen, eher Besorgnisse deßhalb veranlaßt seyn. 2luch vird die Sache von St. Petersburg aus als nicht sehr bedeutend behandelt. Kurz, die Gemüther sind hier seit einigen Tagen ruhiger. Aus Litthauen werden übrigens Fuhren herausgelassen; eine Par, tie Flachs wird in diesen Tagen hier eintref fen. Die lezte Post auS Wilna ist aber ausge blieben. Die Besorqniß unsrer Kaufmannschaft richtet sich mehr den Fluß hinauf; zwischen Düna burg und Druja bildet derselbe die Gränze, und man denkt es sich als möglich, daß die Strusen angehalten werden. Die ersten -Kaufleute reichen heute vereint eine Supplik bei dem GeneralGou- verneur ein, mit einer Schilderung über jenen ge fährlichen Punkt, u. um die nöthigen Vorsichtsmaß regeln. Da auch die Krone selbst 170 Strusen er wartet , mit Mehl, Grüze und Haber, die, wie man sagt, nach Memel oder Königsberg verschifft werden sollen, so steht zu erwarten, daß dieses Er folg haben wird. Im Hamb. Correspondenten liest man folgendes Schreiben aus Berlin vom 10 April. Das Ge rücht von der bevorstehenden Ankunft des Generals Excelmans in Warschau war, wie man jezl er fährt, eine List des Generalissimus, um un ter dem Vorwände einer zu Ehren dieses Generals zu veranstaltenden Musterung die Vorbereitun gen zu dem Angriffe desto besser zu verhül len. Als diese getroffen waren, lud der Generalis simus am 30. v. M. Abends die vornehmsten Offiziere zur Tafel, und bei dem lezten Glase, das geleert wurde, machte er sie mit seinem Plane be kannt. Die Offiziere umarmten sich mit Begeiste rung, und im Augenblicke war der nächtliche Aus bruch angeordnet. — In Warschau war man beim Abgänge der Post in der Erwartung einer nahen Schlacht, wozu, wie es scheint, Polnische Trup pen auch vom linken Ufer der Weichsel aus mit wirken sollten. Im Oestr. Be ob. liest man : Nachrichten von der Polnischen Gränze vom 6 April zufolge sollen unter der Besazung von ZamoSc Krankheiten herrschen, welche täglich zwischen 30 bis 40 Mann dahin raffen; auch unter den Russischen Trup pen des in Wolhynien kommandirenden General Rüdiger, der am 2. d. M. sein Hauptquartier in Wlodzimirz hatte, soll eine bedeutende Sterb lichkeit eingerissen seyn. — Nach der Aussage von Gefangenen, soll das Korps des Polnischen Generals Dwernicki aus 18 Schwadronen und 9 Bataillons mit 20 Geschüzen bestehen. Die Ka vallerie sei die Schwadron 30 Pferde stark, und größtentheils aus gedienten Leuten zusammengesezt, die schon ihren Abschied hatten. Die Infanterie dagegen bestehe aus lauter neu ausgehobener Mann schaft, und nur Offiziere und UnterOffiziere seien von der alten Polnischen Armee. Ein Polnisches Bataillon soll gegen 840 Mann stark seyn. Die bei diesem Korps befindlichen Geschüze sollen von der reitenden 2lrtillerie seyn. Die Zahl und der Bestand der irregulären Polnischen Truppen,' welche sich in der Gegend von Iosefow, Tomas, zow und Laszcow umhertreiben, ist schwer zu be stimmen, da ihre Stärke nach den Umständen täg lich wechselt. Warschauer Blätter v. 7 April melden: Die Kriegs- Commission sezt alle 2lerzte im Auslande in Kenntniß , daß sie sowohl bei der Polnischen Ar mee, als auch in MilitärSpitälern eine Anstellung finden können, und ladet dieselben ein, sich nach Warschau zu verfügen, wo ihnen ihre Bestimmung angezeigt wird. Am nöthigsten sind Operateurs und Wundärzte. Die Operateurs empfangen ei nen Gehalt von 330 Gulden Poln. monatlich. Ge prüfte Wundärzte bekommen den Gehalt der Ba- taillvnsAerzte, 208 Gulden Poln. monatlich. Wäh rend der Anstellung haben die ausländischen Aerzte dasselbe Recht zu Belohnungen, als inländische. Während der Dienstzeit wird jeder ein bestimmtes Quartier erhalten. Jeder ankommende Arzt em pfängt als Reisekosten 6 Poln. Gulden per Meile. Wenn das gegenwärtige Verhältniß aufhört, em pfangen die sich entfernenden Aerzte zu Bestreitung der Abreise eine nach Maßgabe der Herreisekosten berechnete Summe. Außerdem, heißt es am Schlüsse, daß erwähnte Bedingungen mit genügenden Vor theilen verbunden sind , hofftauchnvch dieKriegsCom- mission der Regierung, daß die ausländischen 2lerzte, von höheren Gefühlen geleitet, und blos die Mensch lichkeit berücksichtigend, schleunigst ihre Reise nach Warschau unternehmen werden, wo die Verwunde ten zweier kriegführenden Nationen auf ihre Hülfe harren. Türkei. Der Nürnb. Corresp. meldet aus Konstantino pel vom 26 Merz : Unser Ministerium hat eine theilweise Veränderung erlitten. Nedschib- Soleiman-Effendi, derselbe, welcher Halil Bassa als BotschaftsRath nach St. Petersburg begleitete, ist zum ReisEffendi (Minister der auswärtigen 2lngelegenheiten), und der vor einigen Jahren als RersEffendi rühmlichst bekannt gewordene Mohamed- Seid-Pertew-Effendi zum KiajaBcy (Minister des Innern) ernannt worden. Beide neue Minister stehen wegen ihrer ausgezeichneten Bildung und ihres festen Karakters in vorzüglicher Achtung. — Der neue Russische Gesandte, Hr. v. 562 Bassa von Bagdad zum Anstifter haben soll. Ei- uige Hundert der Vcrschwornen wurden in aller Stille festgenommen, und theils ertränkt, theils er drosselt. In einem Hause hat man eine große Anzahl Waffen und Schicßbedarf gefunden. — Die Regierung hat damit angefangen, zum Behuf ei ner neuen GrundsteuerAnlage die Hauser und Güter vermeffen zu lassen. — Man sagt, der Sul tan wolle den Samiern besondere Vorrechte ein räumen, im Falle sie sich unterwürfen; namentlich sollen sie das Recht erhalten, ihre Obrigkeiten selbst wählen zu dürfen, und nur durch Abtragung eines bestimmten jährlichen Tributs die Oberherrlichkcit der Pforte anerkennen. — Unter demselben Datum liest man in der Allgemeinen Zeitung, daß man in Konstantinopel wegen deS Aufstandes der Al ban eser sehr besorgt war. Der Sultan hatte an Mustapha Bassa von Scutari ein Schreiben erlas sen, worin er denselben zum Gehorsam ermahnt. Dasselbe scheint indessen eben so wenig beachtet worden zuseyn, als die drohenden, an dieBosnier erlas senen Befehle, sich der Einverleibung der in Folge des Friedensschlusses von Adrianopel an Serbien abgetretenen Bezirke nicht ferner zu wiocrfezcn. Griechenland. Der Courricr de Smyrne schreibt aus Canea auf Candia vom li Fedr.: Endlich wurde das Fort von Carabusa den Aegyptischen Truppen über geben. Am 1. d. wurde die Ottomannische Flagge auf dessen Mauern aufgepstanzt. Die Französische und Russische Bcsazunq schiffte sich nach Morea ein. Durch diese Bestimmung der Vertreter der vermittelnden Mächte erhielt das Protokoll vom 3 Febr., so weit eS das künftige Schicksal Ereta's betrifft, seine volle Ausführung. Die Abgeordne ten der verbündeten Mächte tbaten jedoch den Ge neralen deS Vicekönigs von Aegypten zu wissen, „daß die verbündeten Höfe die christliche Bevölke rung Candia's fortwährend als unter ihrem unmit telbaren Schuze stehend betrachten." Die Regierung von Greta hat zwei neue Zoll.Linien errichtet, die eine in Sphakia, die andere in Eastclli de Kissa- mos. — Der Courricr de Smyrne vom 6 Merz enthält auch in einem Schreiben aus Napoli di Romania vom 16 bis 24 Jan. Nachricht von ei nem Aufstand der M a in ot ten B e y s gegen die Gewalt des Präsidenten von Griechenland. Ein darauf bezügliches Schreiben aus Syra vom 4 Febr. sagt: So eben erhielten wir die Nachricht von einem in der Provinz Maina ausgebrvchenen Auf stande, der schnelle Fortschritte gemacht zu haben scheint. Das Volk, daS sein Mißvergnügen nicht länger zügeln konnte, erhob sich gegen die Agen ten der Regierung, und verjagte sie aus der Pro vinz. PietroBey, den der Präsident zum Senator ernannt hatte, um einen scheinbaren Grund zu ha ben, ihn in Nauplia zu hüten, gelang cs, aus dieser Stadt zu entffiehen und sich in sein Land zu retten. Einer seiner Brüder, der in Spezzia zu rückgehalten wurde, floh gleichfalls und schloß sich seinen Landsleuten an, die bereits einstimmig einen Sohn PietroBeyS zum OberAnführcr der Streitkräfte ernannten, die das Land den Truppen der Regie rung entgegenstellen kann. Das Volk wählte eine aus 12 Mitgliedern bestehende provisorische Re gierung. Bis jezt bezeichnete keine Unordnung diese Veränderung der Verwaltung. Man besorgt indessen, daß Zwietracht in der Provinz entstehen möchte durch den Einfluß der den Brüdern Capo- distrias ganz ergebenen Familie Murgino. Es frägt sich hier nun, ob die in Morea befindlichen Französischen Truppen sich in die Sache mi schen werden. Niederlande. Aus dem Haag, vom 15 April. In der gestri gen Sizung der ersten Kammer der Generalstaa ten wurde der, schon vorher von der zweiten Kam mer genehmigte, GesezesVvrschlag in Betreff des freiwilligen Anlehens gleichfalls ange nommen. — Rotterdam, den 15 April. Vorgestern Abend sind zu Westkapelle bei Vliessingen 14 Englische KriegSSchiffe und zwei Dampf boote angekommen. — Ein Holländisches Schrei ben auS dem Fort Burcht an der Schelde enthält folgende Angaben: Das ganze Schelde Ufer von dem Fort du Nord bis an das Bassin von Antwerpen bietet den Anblick einer fortlau fenden Batterie. Sie ist durchgehends mit Geschüz von schwerem Kaliber besezt; täglich er richtet man noch neue Batterien, woran mehr als 500 Arbeiter Tag und Nacht arbeiten. Längs der O.uais der Stadt Antwerpen hat man Verschanzun gen von Erde und Steinen errichtet, welche wahr scheinlich gegen unsere Schiffe bestimmt sind. Zu Beveren und Calloo sind 900 Mann frischer Trup pen angekommen. Das Fort du Nord beherrscht nicht nur die Schelde, sondern auch einige andere Forts, die in unserer Gewalt sind, und sein Feuer kann uns verderblich werden. Brüssel den 14 April. Der Belgische Na tt 0 n a lC 0 n g r e ß hat am I2ten beschlossen, so gleich nach der Berathung über die noch an der TagesOrdnung befindlichen Gegen stau de auseinander zu gehen und sich, dringende Fälle ausgenommen, Ibis zur neuen Einberufung durch den Regenten oder seinen Präsidenten zu vertagen. —Auf den An trag des Hrn. 563 wohner der Umgegend haben jedoch die Waffen er# griffen , um sie zurückzuweisen. — Der Ausschuß der Belgischen Station slI2lfsocisttion gegen das Haus Omnien, hat in einer Proklamation an das Belgische Volk dasselbe in sehr starken Ausdrücken aufgefordert, zur Vertheidigung des Herzogthums Luxemburg die Waffen zu ergreifen. England. London, den 12 April. Der Courier stellt über den künftigen Congreß in Rom nachstehende Betrachtungen an: ES scheint, der Gedanke an diese diplomatische Vereinigung gehe von dem Fran zösischen Ministerium aus, und sei von diesem un serem Kabinet vorgelegt worden, das denselben bei fällig aufnahm, ohne Zweifel aus guten Absichten, jedoch vielleicht zu ungelegener Zeit, da vor der Eröffnung dieses Congresses in Italien Alles be endigt seyn wird. Ucbrigens hat in dieser Angele genheit ein doppelter Betrug, nämlich gegen die Bologneser und gegen die Französische Nation, stattgefunden. Die pomphafte Erklärung des Prä sidenten des MinisterRaths, Casimir Perrier, hat rn der Kammer der Abgeordneten Begeisterung er regt, und er wußte dieselbe geschickt zu benüzen, um die Bewilligung von bedeutenden Hülfsmitteln sowohl in Abgaben als in Krediten zu erhalten, wozu sich die Kammer verstand, in dem Gedanken, daß die Französische Regierung gegen Oestreich kräftige Maßregeln ergreifen, und dasselbe verhin dern werde, die in Italien wieder erstandene Frei heit mit Waffengewalt zu ersticken. Es sind aber nur zwei Falle möglich: Entweder hat das Fran zösische Kabinet gegen Oestreich nicht den festen Ton angenommen, den die Vorträge der Mini ster in der AbgeordnetenKammer ankündigten, oder Oestreich hat, auf die ängstliche und selbstsüch tige Politik des Französischen Kabincts zählend, seine Sprache nicht beachtet. Uebrigens wird, wie ge, i'tiflt, vor Eröffnung des Kongresses in Rom Alles beendigt seyn, und wenn derselbe eröffnet wird, so wird sich Oestreich nicht weigern, das von ihm überzogene Land wieder zu räumen. Deßhalb wäre eS für England vielleicht passend, daß es seine Verachtung für dieses politische Possenspiel dadurch zu verstehen gäbe, daß es keinen Bevollmächtigten zu dem Kongreß in Rom schickte. ES konnte und durfte sich nicht anders in die Sache mischen , als durch Vorstellungen, die es, wie sich nach den be kannten Gesinnungen der Mitglieder des gegen wärtigen Kabinets daran nicht zweifeln läßt, wohl nicht unterlassen har. Heute hielt daS Parlament nach den Oster ferien wieder feine erste Sizung. H. Hunt er klärte bei dieser Gelegenheit im Unterhaus: Di« Nation sei in den Vorschlag zur Parlaments- Reform nicht mehr so vernarrt wie im Anfang. „Ich habe gerade erst, fuhr das Mitglied fort, einige der am stärksten bevölkerten Theile des Lan des durchreist, und daselbst von dem, was ich äus sere, die Ueberzeugung erlangt. Es- gibt nicht ei nen einzigen von denen, welchen man das Wahl recht nehmen will, der den Vorschlag nicht miß billigte. Die 6 bis 700,000 Individuen welche dieses Recht erhalten sollen, billigen ihn, dagegen bezeugt die Million von GrundEigenthümern, wel che von den Wahlen ausgeschlossen würden, ihre Unzufriedenheit. Was das Volk anbelangt, so ist diesem, da cs wohl sieht, daß es im Gunzen kein wohlfeilcreS Brod essen u. sich ebenso wenig woht- fciler kleiden wird, das Schicksal dieses Vorschlags ganz gleichgültig. Was mich betrifft, so werde ich für denselben stimmen, nicht als ob ich ihm dadurch unbedingten Beifall geben wollte, sondcin weil, so unvollkommen ich denselben auch finde, immerhin ein Fortschritt darin liegt, und dem hei- losen System, das uns allzulange beherrscht hat, der erste Stoß dadurch gegeben wird." Die Kam mer schritt hierauf wieder zur Berathung der Ci villiste. Briefe von Dublin, vom 6 April datirt, mel den, daß lezten Montag bei 5000 Menschen in derNähe von Gort in Irland bei Hellem Tage die Wohnung Hrn. Durkes zu Marblehill erstürmten, Waffen und Pulver raubten, sich von da, 500 an der Zahl, mit Feuergewehr bewaffnet, nach dem Hause des Kapitäns Brunskill begaben, zu rote? derhvltenmalcn lvsfeuerten, wobei die Tochter des Kapitäns leicht verwundet wurde. Auch hier nah men sie so viele Schießgewehre mit. Als sic deren habhaft werden konnten. In Irland, vorzüglich in der Grafschaft Mayo, herrscht eine beispiellose Hun ger snvth, selbst noch in einem ärgern Grade, als 1622. In Dublin hat jezt eine Versammlung einen Ausschuß ernannt, um Beiträge für die Un glücklichen zu sammeln und auszutheilen. Kapitän Sutherland hat, den Blättern von Bom bay vom 14 Dez. v. I. zu Folge, eine Denkschrift an die Regierung für Ostindien gerichtet, worin er die Errichtung einer ErziehungsÄnstalt für ein heimische Finanzbeamte, so wie überhaupt für ein geborene Civilbeamte empfiehlt. Der Vorschlag wurde sehr günstig aufgenommen. — In China sol len bei einem Erdbeben 500,000 bis 1 Million Menschen umgekommen seyn; 12 kleinere und grös sere Städte wurden dabei zerstört. Italien. Der Oestreich. 564 sind, so hatte der F.M.L. Baron Gcppcrt diefel- den der päpstlichen Regierung zur Samm- lung in den von ihr diesfalls bestimmten Depots abgegeben. Gleicbfallö hat deifelbe alles durch die Entwaffnung der Insurgenten eingesamelte Kriegs- Material, alS Ergcnthum der päpstlichen Regie« rung, in der Citadelle von Ancona hinterlegen und übergeben lasten. Andere Nachrichten aus Rom vom 7 April thei len einen Erlaß des StaatSSekretärs, kardinal Bcrnetti vom 2., so wie einen 2ten Erlaß deS PadsteS selbst vom 5 April, beide an die pabsilr- chen Unterthanen gerichtet, mit, worin wiederholt, wiewohl in ganz allgemeinen Ausdrücken, Ver besserung deS Zustandes der Unterthanen versprochen wird. — Die Zeitung von Bologna, vom 5 April enthält eine Bekanntmachung deö KardinalsLegaten, Oppizoni, vom 2 dieß, worin allen Individuen in den vier Negationen, welche ihreHeimath seitdem l Fcbr. d. I. verkästen haben, und nun dahin zurückkehren, sich binnen 24 Stun den bei den PvlizerBehördcn zu melden besohlen wird. Se. H. hat die Universität zu Bologna, so wie alle übrigen päbstlrchcn Universitäten, bis auf weitere Verfügung geschlossen. Doch dürfen die Professoren in ihren Wohnungen denen, welche eS verlangen, Lektionen geben. — Nach Brie fen aus Livorno waren dort aus dem Kir chenstaate viele gcstüchtcte Insurgenten angekom men , welchen die Toökanrsche Regie rung den Eintritt in ihr Land unter der Bedin gung erlaubt halte, daß sie sich unverzüglich zu Livorno nach Frankreich, oder welchen Aufent haltsort sie sich sonst wählen möchten, einschiffen müssen. Frankreich. Paris, den i4 April. Eine K. Ordonnanz ent hält in Betreff des patriotischen NationalAn- lehenS folgende Bestimmungen: i) Der Finanz- Minister ist ermächtigt, bis zum 3t Mai d. I. ein schließlich und bis zu einer Concurrenz von ÖO Millionen Summen, welche ihm unter dem Namen NativnalAnlehen angeboten werden, anzunehmen. 2) Diese Summen werden in Paris in der Central- Kasse des öffentlichen Schazes, und in den Depar tements bei den General- und SpecialEinnehmern angenommen. Es werden Summen aller Art, von dem geringsten Betrag von 200 Fr. aufwärts ange nommen. Die Summen über diesem geringsten Betrag müssen Hundertwerse gerundet seyn. 3) Für diese daaren Sumen erhalten die Deponenten^ nach Belieben entweder Obligationen auf den Schaz, auf Ordre oder an den Vorzeiger ausgestellt und in fünf Jahren (l Jun. iö56) zahlbar, und vom 22Merzi63t an mit 5 pCt. verzinslich, oder eine Sprocentige auf den Namen oder den Vorzeiger lautende Renten, welche auf das große Buch der Staatsschuld eingeschrieben wird, und mit demsel ben Zinsgenuß al pari, 5 Fr. Renten für 100 Fr. Kapital. Die Inhaber der Obligationen haben daS Recht, bei der Verfallzeit den baaren Betrag hiefür zu verlangen, oder dieselben bis zum 3t Mai 1636, wenn sie wollen, gegen Renten al pari zu vertauschen. 4) Die Interessen auS den Obliga tionen werden, wie die Renten, halbjährig am 22 Merz und 22 Sept. bezahlt. Im Eingang zu vorstehen dem Dekret wird zu verstehen gegeben, daß da wegen der Kürze der Zeit bis zu den festgessztcn Terminen der Betrag der National Lubscriptton nicht die von der Regierung verlangte Summe von 120 Will. Frkn. erreichen dürfte, und da die ausserordentlichen Ausgaben des StaarsschazeS noch stärkere Hülssquellen erheischen, aus diesem Weg, d. h. durch d«e NativnalSubscription, blos 60 Mil lionen Frkn. zusammengebracht werden, daneben aber von der Regierung nach wie vor 120 Milt. Fckn. Anlehcn aufgenommen werden. Der Cour« ricr ist mit leztcrer Maßregel sehr unzufrieden. — Eine fernere Ordonnanz lautet wie folgt: i) Die B e< zirksRäthe sind auf den 25 April d. I. zusam menberufen , um über diejenigen Gegenstände zu berathen, welche nach der bestehenden Gcfezgebung sich zur Verhandlung in ihrer ersten Sizung eig nen. Diese Sizung kann nicht über 10 Lage dau ern. 2) Die GeneralRäthe der Departements werden nach der ersten Sizung der BezirksRäthe, und zu einer später noch zu bestimmenden Zeit zu sammen kommen. — Der Moniteur u. f. w. spricht lezt gleichfalls von der kleinen Zufammenrvl- tung welche, nachdem so eben erst der Moni teur das von beiden Karnern angenomene Gesez gegen die Zusammenrottungen bekannt gemacht hat, am 14 April in Paris erfolgte, aber mit geringer Mühe von der NativnalGarde wieder auseinander getrie ben wurde. — Gestern wurde auch von den Gal- Icrteii _£>cr Börse eine Drukschrift ohne Namen des Verfassers oder Druckers in den Saal herabgewor fen. Sie enthielt lügnerische Behauptungen über den jezigen Stand der Finanzen des Lan des, über die Veräußerung des gemeinschaftlichen Fonds der den Ausgewanderten gehörigen Renten. Sie bestreitet die Gesezmäßigkeit der Veräußerungen von StaatsForsten, und erklärt, diese Operatior werde von Heinrich V. bei dessen Rückkehr nichi anerkannt werden. Die nämliche Druckschrift wurdc auch in Paris verbreitet. Das Journal deö DebatS schreibt: Der Präsi dent des Ministerraths hat am 14. 565 zogthum Luxemburg auf zwei Monate verscho- den worden fei. — Man liest im Kurier der Mosel (Metz) vom i2 April: Die Preußische Regierung har so eben die A u s h e b u n g der sämmt lichen Reserven von den Jahren 1626, 1627, 1626, 1Ö29 und 1Ö30 befohlen. Am 6. sind zwei Preus sische A.tiller»eCompagnien aus der Umgegend von Trier nach Luxemburg abmarschirt. Die Preus sische Regierung laßt so eben in den Wäldern in der Nähe von Trier eine bedeutende Menge Holz fallen, welches nach Coblenz geführt werden soll. Das Wochenblatt von Trier macht bekannt, daß ein 70,000 Mann starkes TruppenKorpö auS dem Innern von Preußen gegen die Französische und Belgische Gränze marschirft und daß man in Trier deutsche BundeSlruppen erwartet. In der Sizunq der Kammer der Abgeord neten vom 13 April war abermals die Berathung des von der Regierung verlangten weitern ausseror dentlichen Kredits von 100 Mill. Fr. an der Ta- gesOrdnung. General Lamarque griff in dieser Sizung abermals daS Ministerium wetzen feines Benehmens in den Belgischen und Italienischen Angelegenheiten, das er als die größte Treulosig keit schilderte, auf das Heftigste an. Der Kriegs- Mlnister, Marschall Soult, antwortete ihm, und erklärte, die Sprache, die der General führe, zieme sich nicht für einen Franzosen. Frankreich, behaup tete er, habe in seinem Benehmen gegen das Aus land nicht treulos gehandelt, und fei nicht in fol* che Verachtung gefallen, als derGeneral versichere. Hr. Dignon behauptet, gleichfalls gestüzt auf die Verträge, Frankreich habe keineswegs wortbrüchig gehandelt; es habe den Frieden und die Ehre er halten. General Lafayette machte einen neuen An griff auf die auswärtige Politik des jezigen Mini steriums mit den schon öfters vorgebrachten Grün den, und wurde ebenso von dem Präsidenten deS Ministerraths bekämpft. Nachdem noch Odilon Barrot und Mauguin sich in gleichem Sinne, wie die Generale Lamarque und Lafayette ausgespro chen, und der Minister des Auswärtigen fern Mi nisterium gegen die ihm gemachten Vorwürfe ver theidigt hatte, wurde die allgemeine Berathung beendigt und die der einzelnen Artikel begonnen. Mit dieser Berathung wurde in der Sizung vom 14. fortgefahren und in derselben der von dem Ministerium verlangte außerordentliche weitere Kre dit mit 246 gegen 51 Stimmen angenommen. -r- Paris, den 15 April. Unsere sogenannte Partie der Bewegung ist offenbar m der Minorität, und sogar im Zustand der Unmacht. Ihre Mino rität erweist sich aus verschiedenen Berechnungen und namentlich aus der Untersuchung der Zahlen der über die lezten sehr lebhaft bestrittenen Geseze abgegebenen Stimmen. Ihre Unmacht hat ihren Grund in den seit 6 Monaten öfters erneuerten vergeblichen Versuchen dieser Partie, auf der politi schen Schaubühne eine thätige Rolle zu spielen. Sie zeigt sich gegenwärtig mehr als je in der Po lemik der Tagblätter dieser Partei, und in den Vorträgen der ungestümsten Abgeordneten der äus sersten linken Seite. Diese wagen, wenn die Frage über den Krieg zur Sprache kommt, es nicht mehr, offen auf denselben anzutragen, und beginnen ihre Vorträge mit Betheuerungen, daß sie denselben nicht wünschen. —Dieselbe Frage über denKrieg wird auch im Belgischen Congreß verhandelt, und findet denselben Widerstand, und wird auf dieselbe Art wieder aufgegeben wie in Frankreich. Der Con- greß »st, wie man weiß, auf den Vorschlag, dein König von Holland in Betreff deS linken Schelde- Ufers, Limburgs und Luxemburgs ein Ultimatum zuzufcrtigcn, zur TagesOrdnung geschritten. — D e Kammer der Parrs war am 15. mit der aberma ligen Berathung des WahlGesezcs beschäftigt, nach dem die Kammer der Abgeordneten in mehrere von der Kammer der Pairs darin voraenvmmene Abäu- dcrunqen nicht gewilligt hatte. Nach kurzer Erör terung wurden die veischiedenen,von dcnAbgeordnelen veränderten Artikel von der Pairskamcr genehmigt. — Die Kammer der Abgeordneten hat an» 15. einen GesezesEntwurf berathen, durch welchen die Regierung einen ausserordentlichen Kredit vc>» 1,500,000Franken für die geheimen (Polizei) Aus gaben des Jahrs 1631 und andere dringende, nicht vorgesehene, Bedürfnisse verlangt. Bei Abgang des Kuriers war diese Berathung noch nicht beendigt. — — Der seit mehreren Tagen vor dem Pariser Assi- senGericht anhängige Prozeß gegen eine Anzahl Personen, welche wegen einer sogenannten republi kanischen Verschwörung seit mehreren Mona ten verhaftet sind, ist heute beendigt und sämmtliche Angeklagte freigesprochen und sogleich in Freiheit gesezt worden. Nachschrift. Die Berliner StaatsZtg. schreibt: Aus dem Kaiserl. Russischen Hauptquar tier zu Ryki, den 6 April. Das Wetter ist seit einiger Zeit beständig und trocken, so daß Wege und Felder bald TruppenBewegungen zulassen wer den. ES befinden sich hier koncentrirt das Grena- dierKvrpS, die Litthauifchen Garden, das erste Ar- meeKvrps und das dritte KavallerieKorps. In wenigen Tagen werden die kräftigsten OffensivOpe- rationen Statt finden. Man sieht den Truppen nicht an, welche beschwerlichen Märsche sie bereits im Laufe dieses Winters gemacht haben. So eben geht ein Ponton-Train hier durch. 566 fangenschaft gerieften ein FahnenJunker und 22 Soldaten; auch wurden an 50 Pferde erbeutet. Unser Verlust beschränkt sich auf einen Todten und 6 Verwundete. Außerdem enthält die StaatsZeitung unter Anderm noch folgende Nachrichten : Vom?. Daß die Polni sche Kavallerie bis jenseits Sienica auf die Com- municalivnsLinie der Russen vorgedrungen , beweist um besten das genommene Gepäck und die Ver schiedenheit der Regimenter, zu denen die in diesen Tagen eingebrachten Gefangenen gehören; dieLez- ten sind aus den Korps der Generale Fürst Scha- chvffskoi und Graf Pahlcu. Nach der Stellung und Bewegung der Armeen zu urtheilen, kann mögli cherweise heute oder morgen eine große Schlacht stattfinden. — Eine Abtheilung von Freiwilligen der NationalGarde zu Pferde und zu Fuß, desglei chen Artillerie unter dem Kommando des Bürgers Rojewski, eines ehemaligen Militärs, ist nach den Wäldern beiKaluszyn marschirt, um die Russischen Nachzügler aus jenen Gegenden zu verdrängen. — Aus Zamosc wird unterm 26. v. M. gemeldet, daß das Korps des Generals Dwernickr sich in gutem Zustande befinde und durch Freiwillige einigen Zu wachs erhalte. — Vom Öfen. PrivatNachrichten aus dem Polnischen Feldlager bei Latowicz vom 7. zufolge, beabsichtigte der Generalissimus, am folgenden Tage dem Feldmarschall nachzurücken. — S. K. H. der Großfürst Michael hat seit einiger Zeit sein HauptO.uartier in Lomza. Vom yten wird berichtet: Gestern wurden einige Offiziere und gegen fünfzig Gemeine nach Warschau gebracht, welche am 5 d. bei Sloc- zck gefangen genommen wurde... — Vom loten. Personen, welche von jenseits Okuniew in der Hauptstadt angekommen find, sagen aus, daß sie vorgestern und gestern Nachts in der Entfernung von einigen Meilen eine starke Kanonade gehört haben. Eine offizielle Nachricht darüber ist nicht eingegangen, doch heißt es, daß die Polnischen Truppen gegen 1500 Mann zu Gefangenen ge macht haben. Diese Kanonade könnte möglicher weise von der Kolonne deS Generals Andrychewicz herrühren, welche bei ihrem weiteren Vordringen gestern unter immenvährcndcm Kampfe in Wen- grow eingerückt seyn soll. — Die Nachrichten von dem KorpS des Generals Dwernicki reichen bis zum 4 d. M. Er stand noch immer in der Umge gend von Zamosc; die sehr schlechten Wege in je nen morastigen Gegenden erlaubten ihm nicht, of fensive Bewegungen zu machen. — Mehrere Rus sische Gefangene und einiges Gepäck sind von der linken Seite des WeichselUferS eingebracht worden, da der Fluß bei Stenzyca schon passtrt werden kann. — AuS Miechow wird gemeldet, daß am 27 v. M. die dortigen Einwohner den von dem Reichs tage vorgeschriebenen Eid geleistet haben, und daß zugleich die Adler des zweiten KrakusenRegiments, welches die Wojewodschaft Krakau auf eigene Ko sten unter dem Kommando des Obersten Pafzyc organisirt hat, eingeweiht worden seien. Dem Polnischen Kurier zufolge, zieht der Feld- marjchall Dicbitsch von dem jenseitigen Ufer deS Bug her ein KorpS des Generals Pahlen an sich. Unter diesen Truppen sollten sich Spuren der Cho lera gezeigt haben, doch errege diese Krankheit in Polen keine Besorgniß, weil sie sich, nach der Be hauptung erfahrener Aerzte, in diesem Lande nicht leicht mittheile. Die Warschauer Zeitung bringt Nachrichten aus dem Lager des Generals Uminski, denen zufolge am 5o Merz der General Sacken mit seinem Korps vor Rvzan gerückt seyn soll, wo sich das Haupt O.uartier des Polnischen Generals befand; die Pol nische Artillerie habe jedoch die Russen genöthigt, sich wieder zurückzuziehen, wobei von Seiten Lez- teren ein Major gelobtet und 2 Offiziere nebst ei nigen 20 Gemeinen verwundet worden seien. Von der Armee treffen immerwährend Kuriere in der Hauptstadt ein, doch ist in diesen Tagen nichts von Bedeutung bekannt gemacht worden, obgleich man von verschiedenen Seiten ein starkes Schießen hörte; fast alle Korps der Polnischen Truppen sind in Bewegung, und in jedem Augen blick sieht man einer entscheidenden Begebenheit entgegen. Von Warschau nach dem LauptQuar- tier der Armee soll ausser den gewöhnlichen Com- munikationen eine ausserordentliche PostVerbinduna eröffnet werden, so daß man täglich viermal ge genseitig Nachrichten von einander erhalten wird. In Folge einer Verordnung des GeneralGou- verneurs der Hauptstadt fordert der Befehlshaber der Nationalgarde, Graf Anton Ostrowski, alle zu derselben gehörenden Einwohner auf, sich schleunig mit Waffen und Ammunitivn zu versehen, da es sehr möglich sei, daß die Hauptstadt von den Rus sen bedroht werde; ein Jeder soll sich als unun terbrochen im Dienste befindlich betrachten, und bereit seyn, bei dem ersten AllarmSignal un ter das Gewehr zu treten; man solle eiligst an den bestimmten Pläzen sich versammeln und Su bordination, Ordnung und Disciplin wie unter den regulären Truppen beobachten, nur aus den wich tigsten Ursachen der persönlichen Dienstleistung sich entziehen und vor allen Dingen die ärmere Ein- wohnerKlasse nicht durch zu häufige Aufbürdung des WachtdiensteS bedrücken. Die Pofener Zeitung meldet unter: Posen, den 11 April. 1 Beilage zum Schwäbischen Merkur, zu Nrc. 94 vom 20 April 1831. ■ »„>»» 1 n n....... Stuttgart. sD eu tsch e u. lateinische Schul- V orsch ri ft en.] In dem Verlag des Unterzeichne ten erscheinen und werden in wenigen Wochen versen det, deutsche und lateinische Sch ukV 0 rschrif- ten, sorgfältig und rein gravirt. in einzelnen Blät tern zu mittlerer HuartGröße, und zwar: 1) die deutschen Alphabete, current und kanzlei- fraktur, so wie die lateinische, in kleinen und großen Buchftaben, nebst Zahlen; 2) mit einzelnen Worten und kleinen Säzen von 1—2 Linien, 6—7 kleine Vorschriften auf 1 Blat't, welche, abgeschnitten nach den angebrachten ScheidungsLinien, den Anfängern , die ohnehin mehr Vorschriften abnüzen, einzeln gegeben wer den können ; 3) mit größeren Säzen, so daß je das Blatt 2 Vor schriften zu 4—5 Linien enthält, für mittlere SchulKlassen, und 4) Vorschriften auf einem Blatt für die vorgerük- teren Schüler. Den Inhalt der deutschen Vorschriftem bilden, da mit neben der Hand auch Kopf und Herz Beschäfti gung habe, theils Saze der christlichen Sittenlehre, theils — und diß besonders mehr bei der 4ten Abth.— Belehrung aus der deutschen VaterlandsKunde mit Rückslcht auf Geschichte von Württemberg, Baiern und Baden, NaturGeschichte, Geographie u. s. f., so weit diese Gegenstände sich hieher eignen. Die lateinischen Vorschriften, werden dagegen moralische und andere kurze Säze aus Seneca, Cicero ic. enthalten. Die Zahl der Vorschriften der Ilten Abtheilung ist vorläufig zu den 3 Alphabeten mit Zahlen, 2ten Abtheilung zu 20 Numern deutsch und 10 la teinisch , 1 3ten Abtheilung zu 30 Numern deutsch und 15 la teinisch , 4ten Abtheilung zu 60 Numern deutsch und 15 la teinisch , als einzelnen Blättern, bestimmt, so daß also fd)on jezt eine bedeutende SchülerZahl alle Abwechslung in den Vorschriften finden kann, welche nicht ohne Recht für sie so manchen Reiz hat. Der Preis jedes Huartblattes auf gutem Papier, ist nur Ein Kreuzer. Bestellungen werden sich bei diesem gewiß bei spiellos wohlfeilen Preise, wo möglich in Anzahl — für die sämmtlichen Schüler in einer Anstalt oder Ge meinde etwa zumal — erbeten, um die Versendungs Kosten zu vermindern. Bestellungen vor der ersten, nach etwa 4 Wochen zur Versendung kommenden Auf lage genießen noch bis dahin auf 100 Blätter 10 Frei- Blätter aus selbst zu bestimmenden Abtheilungen. Briefe werden völlig frankirt erbeten. Schon längst war es in den Schulen ein sehr gefühl tes Bedürfniß, für den Schreibllnterricht nicht allein gute, sondern auch wohlfeile Vorschriften zu haben. So vorzügliche kalligraphische Anleitungen auch schon erschienen, so genügten |te doch so wenig, als manche geschriebene Vorschriften diesem Verlangen. Von vie len Seiten aufgefordert, begründete man das Unter nehmen mit bedeutenden Kosten, und sieht um so ver trauensvoller einer lebhaften Theilnahme entgegen, als hier sich die sorgfältigste Bearbeitung mit dem ge ringsten Preise vereint, weßhalb auch schon sehr bedeu tende Bestellungen aus dem In- und Auslande ein- giengen, und ansehnliche Anstalten ihren Bedarf für die Zukunft zugleich zusagten. Den 30 Merz 1831. Lithographisches Comptoir von Eberhard Fr. Wolters, Eßlingerstraße Nr. 125. Stuttgart, sWalzen feil.] Zwei heizbare, ungefähr 4' lange u. 1' dicke, zu verschiedenen Zwecken brauchbare, Walzen, wovon-die eine aus Gußeisen, die andere aber aus Stahl ist, können, nebst 3 dergleichen aus Ahornholz mit durchlaufenden geschmiedeten Stan gen versehen (alle 5 in gutem Zustande) um sehr billi gen Preis gekauft werden. Dibold's öffentl. Bureau. Stuttgart. sH ä u se r und Güter zu verkau- fen,oder zu verpachten.] Eine Stunde von Stuttgart ist ein vorzüglich schönes Bauerngut aus freier Hand zu verkaufen, solches besteht: aus unge fähr 40 Morgen Aecker und Wiesen, 2 Wohnhäusern, 2 Scheuern mit vielen Stallungen nebst großer Hof- raithe mit einer Güllen Einrichtung. Die Gebäude sind von 2 Morgen Garten mit vielen Obstbäumen um schlossen, der größere Theil vom Gut besteht aus freien Grundstücken von l bis 5 Morgen groß. Das Ganze konnte nun nach Wunsch zusammen, oder in 2 Theile getheilt , in 4- oder 6iährige Zieler, je nachdem die Liebhaber sich finden, abgegeben und verkauft wer den. Im Fall aber der Verkauf des ganzen Guts nicht zu erzielen wäre, so würde solches an einen oder zwei tüchtige Männer, gegen hinlängliche Sicherheit, auf mehrere Jahre in Pacht gegeben werden. Auf porto freie Briefe ist das Nähere bei Hrn. Friedrich Oert- le, Bäckermeister alihier zu erfahren. Stuttgart. sH a u s v e r k a u f.] Die dreistöckige Behausung des Glasers Carl Friedrich Sedelmaier in Ler Rothenbühlstraße Lit. C. Nro. 28 kommt bis Don nerstag den 21 April, Mittags 12 Uhr, auf dem Rath hause zum zweitenmale in Aufstreich. Das Anbot ist bis jezt 4000 fl. , wovon 500 fl. baar und in jährlichen Zielern verzinslich 200 fl. bezahlt werden. daß diejenigen Gläubiger, weiche bi» dahin nicht li- gutbiren, und deren Forderungen aus den Akten nicht bekannt sind, von der Masse werden ausgeschlossen wer den. So beschlossen im K'ön. Stadtgericht für die Residenzstadt Stuttgart, den 8. April 1831. S e e g e r. Stuttgart, sllhren Verkauf.) Donnerstag den 21 April, Nachmittags 2 Uhr, werden in dem Hause des Jnventirers Breitmayer mehrere, theils verfertigte, theils noch nicht ganz ausgearbeitete von Eisen gegos sen« Uhren, welche Stunden und Minuten anzeigen, desgleichen eine beschädigte kleine eiserne RathhaueUhr im öffentlichen Aufstreich verkauft, wozu die KaufsLieb- habcr eingeladen werden. Stuttgart, s W e i n O ffe r t. ] Ich mache die Anzeige, daß ich folgende Weine per Jmi und Halb- Jmi verkaufe: Ueberrheiner zu 3 fl. 30 kr. bis 8 fl. , Tauberwein zu 3 fl. bis 6 fl., weißen und rothen Landwein zu 2 fl. 30 kr. bis 6 fl. Andr. Fritz, zum grünen Hause. Stuttgart. sConfirmationsGeschenke.) Zu diesem Zwecke empfehle ich mein wohl assortirtes Lager von Brieftaschen, Portefeuilles, Etuis, Neces saires, feinen Stahl- und EisenGalanterieWaaren, Gegenständen von Bronze, DamenKästchcn, Taschen, Bracelets, Ketten, und noch vielerlei andern Gegen ständen bestens F. G. Schulz. Stuttgart. Pradier's Rasiermesser, Streichriemen und pätc minerale, Erstere zu 1 fl. 12 kr., 2 fl., 2 fl. 24 kr. per Stück, empfehle ich wie derholt dem geehrten Publikum, indem es durchaus keine bessere RasierApparate giebt, als diese. Jedes Messer ist gleich gut, und man ist dabei nicht rote bei den englischen dem Zufall unterworfen. F. G. Schulz. Stuttgart. sG e l d g e su ch.) Ein thätiger Hand- werksmaiin in Ludwigsburg sucht 3500 fl. zu 5 pCt. Zinsen, und verpfändet dagegen 6600 fl. nach gericht lichem Anschlag. Der JnformativUnterpfandsSchein ist einzusehen bet Wilh. Frank. Stuttgart. sOffe ne Lehrstelle.) Ein Groß- und KleinUhrmacher in der Nähe von Stutt gart, ist geneigt, einen wohlerzogenen Jüngling in die Lehre zu nehmen. Die Bestimmung des Lehr- u. Kost gelds hängt zwar größtentheils davon ab, aus wielan ge die wechselseitige Verbindlichkeit dauern soll; je denfalls aber wird sich unser Auftraggeber, der schon mehrere tüchtige Uhrmacher gebildet hat, billig finden lassen. Auf frankirte Anfragen sagt das Nähere Dibolds öffentliches Bureau. Stuttgart, s L e h r l i n g s G e s n ch.) Der Un terzeichnete sucht einen jungen, gut erzogenen Menschen gegen billiges Lehrgeld in seine Lehre aufzunehmen. CH. Zaiser, FlascknierMeister. Stuttgart. sSattel feil. ] Ein ganz gute Sattel ist um billigen Preis zu haben in Lit. A. Nro. 54. Stuttgart. sHaus feil. ) Ein neues, von allen Seiten freistehendes Haus wird aus freier Hand zum Verkauf angeboten, dasselbe steht in einer der an genehmsten Gegend vor der Stadt, auf der Mittags- Seite und hat eine herrliche Aussicht. Es enthält: einen Keller, parterre ein großes Zimmer. Im iten Stock, 3 ineinandergehende tapezirte Zimmer, Küche mit Kunsiherd, Speise- und Magdkammer, und ge räumigen HolzPlaz. Im 2ten Stock, eine heizbare Stube mit zwei MansardenZimniern, Küche mit Speise- und 2 NebenKammern. Bei dem Hause befinden sich ein Pumpbrunnen mit gutem Trinkwaffer, vor demsel ben ist ein kleiner zum Vergnügen angelegter Blu mengarten, hinter demselben ein Gras- und Geniüß- garten mit Obstbäumen von den besten Sorten besezt. Zu erfragen bei dem — Anzeige- und Nachrichts- Comptoir in der Friedrichsstraffe N. 490. Stuttgart. HausVerkauf: Im Aufstreich Donnerstag den 21 April d. I. den dritten Theil ei ner dreistöckigen Behausung in der Judenstraße, Lit. D. Nr. 297., bestehend: im dritten Stock, aus einer Stube, zwei Stubenkammern, einer Oehrnkammer. einem offenen Herde im HausOehrn, und einem Plaze mit Latten verschlagen zum Küchengeschirr; im vierten Stock: eine Dachkammer nebst Antheil am Gibelbo- den, nebst KellerAntheil; dem Weingärtner Christian Friedrich Beck dahier gehörig. Der stadträthliche An schlag ist 1100 fL, um welches dasselbe ausgeboten wird, und können die ZahlungsDedingungen bei der Ver handlung oder in der ZwischenIeit bei dem Ere- cutor Stadtrath Brodhag dem Jüngern erfahren wer den. Die Liebhaber werden nun eingeladen, bei der AusstreichsDerhandlung sich einzufinden. Stuttgart. HausVerkauf: Im Aufstreich Donnerstag den 21 April d. I. die Hälfte des erst vor einigen Jahren neuerbauten Hauses an der Wette, dem Seifenlteder Speidel gehörig, Lit. D. Nro. 92, bestehend in einem gewölbten Keller, parterre einem heizbaren Zimmer, und Küche; im ersten Stock: Stube, Älkov, Küche; im zweiten Stock ebenso; im dritten ebenso; auf der Bühne vier Kammern und der Hälfte Giebelboden. Der gerichtliche Anschlag ist 5800 fl. , und ist ein Ankauf vor dem Aufstreich mit dem Kura tor, Stadtrath Brodhag dem Jüngern, zuläßig; die Kaufsliedhaber aber werden eingeladen, an dem obi gen Tage präcise 12 Uhr auf dem Rathhause sich ein zufinden. Stuttgart. HausVerkauf: Im Aufstreich Donnerstag den 21 April d. I. das in der langen Sraße Lit. A. Nro. 327 befindliche Haus des KüblerMeisters Glutsch, bestehend in zwei gewölbten Kellern zu 200 Eimer Fässern, einem steinernen ParterreStock, worin Stube, Stubenkammer, Küche, im zweiten Stock 3 in einandergehende Zimmer wovon 2 heizbar, und Küche, und im dritten Stock ebenso, Vorbühne und Bühne befindlich sind, nebst einem Hof. Der gerichtliche An schlag ist zu 7000 fl. , von den Gläubigern aber ist an geboten 4700 fl., um welches solches in Aufstreich ge brachtwird. Das Angeld ist zu looofl. und die Zieler, zu 5 pCt. verzinslich, auf 500 fl. festgesezt; es' bleibt aber dem Käufer überlassen, auch andere Bestimmun gen zu treffen, und werden nun die KaufsLiebhaber eingeladen, das Nähere bei dem Erekutor, Stadtrath Brodhag dem Jüngern, einzusehen, und bei der Auf- streichsVerhandlung an obigem Tage, Vormittags prä cise 12 Uhr, auf dem Rathhause sich einzufinden. Stuttgart. sLiegenschaft zu verkaufen.) Unterzeichneter ist willens, die eine kleine Stunde von hier entfernte Liegenschaft in Kaltenthal im Ganzen oder theilweise im öffentlichen Aufstreich unter billigen Bedingungen zu verkaufen. Solche besteht in einem gut gebauten Wohnhaus mit Scheuer und Stallung unter einem Dach, hinterm Haus Hof und eingezäun ten Garten, mit ungefähr 13 Mrgn. gut gebautes und angeblünites Feld, theils Aecker, Wiesen und Baum gärten, welche großtentheils in der Nähe des Hauses liegen, und ausser kleiner Steuer von Zehnten und sonstigen Abgaben befreit sind. Die Liebhaber, so Ein sicht davon zu nehmen wünschen, und die weitern Be dingungen zu vernehmen, sind ersucht, sich an Unter zeichneten oder an Sonnenwirth Müller in Kaltenthal zu wenden, und sich bei der AusstreichsDerhandlung Montag den 25 April, Morgens 10 Uhr, im Wirths- hause zur Sonne einzufinden. Den 12 April 1831. Carl Ebner in der ChristophöStraße. Stuttgart. sHaus und Garten zu verkau fen.) Sehr nahe bei der Stadt Stuttgart, dicht an 2 der frequentesten Straßen gelegen, sind veränderter FamilienVerhältniffe wegen, zum Verkaufe aus freier Hand ausgesezt: a) ein, zwar einstöckiges, dabei aber modernes und jeder Erweiterung fähiges Haus, das einen ge wölbten Keller zu ungefähr 50 Eimer Getränk, ein geräumiges Wohn-, ein Schlaf- u. ein Gast zimmer, sodann unter Dach, einige Oekonomie- Kaminern hat, ferner: b) ein dazu gehöriger Pferdestali, zu 12—14 Stük- ken; weiter c) ein Gärtchen von Vs Mrg., welches mitjenen Ob jekten zusammenhängt; endlich d) ein Garten von 2 Morgen 2 Vrtl. , der nur durch eine StraßenBreite davon getrennt ist. mentlich für eine Wirthschaft. Es werden 8500ff. für Alles gefordert, wovon ungefähr 2 /stel auf Zieler ste hen gelassen wurden. Dibolds öffentl. Bureau. Stuttgart. sOffeneLehrsielle.fi In einer sehr gangbaren Conditorei, mit welcher die Lebkuchne- rei und eine Specereihanblung verbunden sind , etablirt in einer K. Württ. Kreisstadt, findet ein Jüngling aus honneter Familie, gegen billiges Kost-u. Lehrgeld, Aufnahme. Das Nähere auf frankirte Anfragen von Dibolds öffentlichem Bureau. Stuttgart. sDiensiGesuch.fi Zwei'Mädchen von 15—18 Jahren (der Umgegend) suchen eine Stelle hier oder in einem Landstädtchen als Kinds- oder Stu benmädchen. Der Eintritt kann sogleich geschehen. — Ueber Brauchbarkeit, sittlichen Karaktcr, guten Willen können glaubwürdige Nachrichten eingeholt werden bei Lehrer Burk Hardt, an der KatharinenSchule und PaulinenPflege. Stuttgart. Zu verkaufen: Eine neue gut gemachte GcldKasse mittlerer Größe in Lit. B. Nro. 140 in der Carlsstraße. Stuttgart. sArbeitsEmpfehlung.fi Unter zeichneter empfiehlt sich aus Veranlassung der von ihm im Jahre 1830 nach Straßburg und erst kürzlich wie der in mehrere große Städte Deutschlands gemachten Reife, wobei er einzig zum Zweck hatte, sich mit dem Neuesten und Geschmackvollsten von Meubles- und Fen- sterDraperien bekannt zu machen, und bemerkt dabei, daß er nun eine bedeutende Anzahl Zeichnungen von oben benannten Gegenständen denjenigen Herrschaften, die ihn mit ihrem Zutrauen in Geschäften in feiner Kunst beehren wollen, zur Ansicht vorlegen kann, und daß er das ihm geschenkte Zutrauen jederzeit durch pünktliche und gute Arbeit rechtfertigen wird. — Ta- pezirer Jos. Maus, Kalwer Straße, 2i*. 2t. Nr. 151. Stuttgart. sUnterrichts- r c. Anerbie ten. fl Ich wohne seit heute im Hause des Hrn. Stein hauers Kurfis, in der verlängerten Sophienstraße, und erbiete mich, unter Beziehung meiner früheren An zeige, wiederholt zum Unterricht in der kaufmänni schen Arithmetik und doppelten Buchhaltung, verbun den mit deutscher und französischer Correspvndenz ; auch übernehme ich Uebersezungen in beiden Sprachen. Den 12 April 1831. Johann Friedrich Schnell. Stuttgart. sUhren zu verkaufe n.fj Der Unterzeichnete hat kleine Schwarzwälder emaillirte Schlagllhren in Commission zu verkaufen, welche sich durch ein gefälliges Aeussere und solide Werke, wie auch deren billige Preise sehr Vortheilhaft empfehlen. — Johann Friedrich Schnell, bei Herrn Steinhauer Knrfis in der verlängerten Sophienstraße wohnend. S t n t t g a r t. s H o p f e n f e i l.fl Ich habe ungefähr 8 Centner I830r. Hopfen, Landgewächs, um billigen Preis zu verkaufen. C. G. Schüle. Stuttgart. sErdbirnen zu verkaufen.fi Bei der Wittwe des HoflakierS Kaiser vor dem Fried richsthor sind ganz gute, frühe und späte Erdbirnen um billigen Preis zu haben. Stuttgart. sBlutEgel.fi Bei Unterzeichne tem find frisch angekommene BlutEgel, das Stuck zu 3kr., zu haben. — Chirurgus Koch, unweit der Sonne. Stuttgart. sGei st liehe Wittwen Kasse. ] Die hier wohnenden Wittwen von Mitgliedern der geistlichen WittwenKasse können ihre halbjährige Pension mit 33 fl. täglich im Faktor Müller'schen Hause in der Gerberstraße gegen .Quittung abholen lassen. Den 12 April 1831. Stuttgart. sZ u vermiethen.fi In einer freundlichen, sehr gangbaren Gegend der Stadt, ist Anfangs künftigen Monats Mai, ein Laden und Comp toir, nebst weiterem Erforderlichen, und auf Verlangen ein großes Zimmer, später aber noch eine ganze Woh nung, um einen annehmlichen Preis, zu miethen. Näheres erfährt man bei. Sensal Plessing. Stuttgart. Zu vermiet hen: Die obere Woh nung im Landauer'schen Hause am Friedrichsthor, auf nächst Jakobi. Stuttgart. Zu v er miethen anfGeorgii oder den 1 Mai:- Lit. A. Nro. 510 in der Fried rich sstraße zwei schöne Zimmer und ein Kabinet in der BelEtage für einen unverheiratheten Herrn. Stuttgart. Zu vermiet hen ans Jakobi: In dem Trippnerschen Hause in der verlängerten Haupt- siädterstraße die BelEtage mit 6 heizbaren Zimmern sammt allem Nöthigen auf der Sommerseite. Stuttgart. Zu vermiet hen auf Jakobi: Lit. A. 343 in der langen Straße parterre, auf drei Seiten frei, 5 heizbare Zimmer, wovon 4 ineinander gehen, Küche, Speiskammer, 2 Buhnekammern, Plaz im Keller, Holzstali, Waschküche und Gelegenheit zum Waschtrocknen. Stuttgart. S ch ön e B a rch en tb e tt e n , rothe wie auch blaue, sind um sehr billigen Preis zu haben ausserhalb der Garnisonskirche, zwischen der neuerbau ten Hofwasch und dem Reithause, im ersten Garten linker Hand. Stuttgart. sG e l d G e su ch.fs Ich bin beauf tragt, für ein hiesiges sehr solides Geschäft gegen hin längliche Sicherheit 1000 fl. zu suchen. Auch wäre dasselbe nicht abgeneigt einen Associe der ein Capital von fünf bis 6000 fl. einlegen könnte, aufzunehmen. Sensal Plessing, Calwerstraße Nr. 120. Waldsee. sDiebstahlsAnzeige.fj Am 31 Merz d. I. ist aus der GottesAckerKapelie bei Waldsee, während des vormittägigen Gottesdienstes zwischen 8 und 12 Uhr, ein Krucifir von Messing und vergoldet von dem Altare entwendet worden. £ statuier«; int zweiten Stock ein heizbares Zimmer mit 2 Nebenzimmern; unter Dach mehrere geräumige Kammern und Fruchtböden. Hinter dem Hans befin den sich eine Su-eune mit den nöthigen Pferds-, Rind vieh- und SchweinStallungen, und eine weitere Scheune mit 2 Tennen und einer ganz guten Färbermang. Die in Gärten, Aeckern und Wiesen bestehenden Güter, welche mit oder ohne die Baulichkeiten abgegeben wür den, find durchgängig gut gelegen und betragen zu sammen ungefähr 20 Morgen. Der hiesige Psarrort, zu welchem 14 -Ortschaften eingepfarrt find, zählt un gefähr looo Einwohner, und hat nur die einzige Fär berei. Ein thätiger Färber hätte daher in diesem Ort, wo die Einwohner größtentheils mit gefärbten Zeugen sich kleiden, ein gleich gutes Auskommen, wie ich bis her hatte, zu erwarten. Die VerkaufsBedingungen werden sehr annehmlich gemacht, und können mit dem Unterzeichneten täglich Käufe abgeschlossen werden. Den 5 April 1831. Färbermeister Gottlieb Bischofs. O b e r a in t s G e r i ch t Weinsberg. HVor la dn n g z u m G a n tV e r s« I) r e n.] Nachdem gegen die hienach benannten Einwohner des hiesigen Gerichts- Bezirks das GantVerfahren rechtskräftig erkannt ist, so haben an den hienach benannten Tagen die Gläu biger eines jeden derselben Morgens' 8 Uhr sich auf den Rathhäusern der benannten Orte einzufinden, und theils sich über die Wahl des Güterpflegers bei Verlust der Einreden gegen ihn zu erklären, theils durch Vorle gung der urschriftlichen Schuld- und VorrechtsUrkun- den, Rechnungen, PflegschaftsRapiate, Wirt'hschafts-, Kaufmanns- und Hausbücher zc. ihre Ansprüche aus zuweisen, widrigenfalls sie von der Masse ausgeschlos sen würden. Den 30 Merz 1831. K. Oberamtsgericht. Heyd. Liquidirt wird: a) mit Ausspruch des AusscylußBescheides am Liqui dationsTage Mittags 12 Uhr gegen 1) Fromm, Thomas, Bürger und Bauer in Unter- Heinrieth, still io Mai in UnterHeinrieth; 2) Schneeberger, Johann Georg, gewesener Wein- gärtner in Lenach, Gemeinde Eberstadt, am 17 Mai in Eberstadt; 3) Gschwend, Johann Michael, von Gelmersbach, am 19 Mai in Gelmersbach; 4) Seeger, Albrecht Heinrich, Mezger in Affaltrach, am 20 Mai in Affaltrach; b) mit Ausspruch des ÄusschlußDescheids an der, dem Liqnidationstage nächstfolgenden Gerichtssi- zung gegen 5) Glaser, Christoph, gewesener Taglöhner zu Alten hau, still 2 Mai zu Löwenstein; 6) Täuber, Wilhelm, Weder und Nachtwächter in UnterHeinrieth, am 3 Mai in UnterHeinrieth. Sil «sän gen. sSchuldenLiquidation.^ In der Gantsache des Michael Steidle, ledig von West hausen, wird die SchuldenLiqnidation, verbunden mit einem Vergleichsversuche, am Montag den 2 Mai d. I., Morgens 8 Uhr, in dem Schlößle zu Westhau sen vorgenommen. Es werden deßwegen alle diejenigen, welche aus ir gend einem Rechtsgrunde Ansprüche an die Vermögens- Masse zu machen haben, so wie die Bürgen, aufgefor dert, zu der benannten Zeit entweder in Person oder durch gesezlich Bevollmächtigte zu erscheinen, ihre For derungen und deren Vorzugsrechte durch Vorlegung der besizenden Urkunden zu liquidiren, und sich über gütli chen Vergleich, so wie über die GüterpflegersAufstel- luug, zu erklären. Diejenigen Gläubiger, welche nicht er scheinen , werden, wenn ihre Forderungen nicht aus den GerichtSAkten bekannt sind, am Ende der Verhand lung durch Ausschlußbescheid von der Masse abgewiesen, und die bekannten, aber nicht erscheinenden Gläubiger werden den Beschlüssen anderer Gläubiger beitretend angenommen. Den 30 Merz 1831. — K. Oberamts- Gericht. S e i b o l d. Maulbronn. sSchuldenLiquidationen.il In den rechtskräftig erkannten Gantsachen nachstehen der Personen werden die SchuldenLiquidativnen an den unten beigesezten Tagen vorgenommen werden. Alle diejenigen, welche an die Schuldleute aus irgend einem RechtsGrunde Ansprüche zu machen haben, werden nun aufgefordert, an den unten be stimmten Tagen je auf dem Rathhause des Wohn orts der Schuldner enlweder in Person oder durch gehörig Bevollmächtigte zu erscheinen und ihre Forde rungen unter Vorlegung der OriginalSchuldbokumente gehörig zu liquidiren. Im Fall eine Forderung vor- ausstchtlich keinem Anstande unterliegt, kann mittelst Einreichung eines Rezesses schriftlich liquidirt werden, es wird aber von solchen Liquidanten int Falle eines Ver gleichs angenommen, daß sie der Mehrzahl der Gläu biger ihrer Kategorie beitreten. Gegen die nichter- scheinenden Kreditoren wird am Ende der Liquidations Handlungen der PräklusivBescheid ansgesvrochen. Den 2 April 1831. Kön. OberamtsGericht. Haas. Liquidirt wird: 1) gegen den vormaligen WegAuffeher Jakob Hein rich Schneider von Dürrmenz am Dienstag den 3 Mai d. I. ; 2) gegen den vormaligen Schultheißen Alt Ludwig Hafner von Sternenfels am Donnerstag den 5 Mai d. I. Wildberg. sF ä r b e r e i z u v e r k a u fe n.^ Ein 3stockigtes Wohngebäude, nahe am Marktplaz, mit gutem Keller, 2 großen heizbaren Stuben, mehreren Kammern, und hiezu ein besonderes Farbhaus mit 4 kupfernen Kesseln, 1 Mang, 1 Presse, einem Brunnen, und mit dem sonst dacu gehörigen Handwerkszeug ver sehen, nebst 2 WurzGärten wirb zum Verkauf auöge- sezt. 3 Wochen unfehlbar zu berichtigen, und einzugeben, und zwar Leztere mit VewelßUrkunden. Den 2 April 1831. AmtsNotariat und Waisengericht. vdt. Hangen, AmtsNotar. Gmünd. fVorladung zweier Verschol lenen. Johann Michael Wammsler, Sohn des weil. Joh. Georg Wammsler von Lautern, geboren den 29'21 u9ust 1760 , und Johannes Kuhn, Sohn des weil. Melchior Kuhn von ttnterböbuigen, geboren den 16Januar 1747, sind längst verschollen. Dieselben oder ihre etwaigen LeibesErben werden nun aufgefordert, binnen der zerstörlichen Frist von 90 Tagen ihr bisher pflegschaftlich verwaltetes Vermögen in Empfang zu nehmen, widrigenfalls nach Ablauf dieser Frist die Verschollenen für todt erklärt, und ihr Vermögen un ter die bekannten JntestatErben landrechtticher Ord nung nach vertheilt werden wird. Den 6 April 1831. K. OberamtöGericht. Für den OberamtsRlchter: Stockmayer, Aktuar. Künzelsau. fG e l d G e s u ch.fj Die diesteitige Amtskorporation wurde ein Kapital von 19,000 st. auf nehmen, wenn sie solches zu 3'/'2 pCt. erhalten könn te, um den Rest ihrer verztnßlichen PasüvSchulden da mit abzutragen. Es werden deßwegen diejenigen, wel che geneigt seyn sollten, ein Anlehen zu obigem Zinß- fuße bei der Amtspstege allhier anzulegen, eingeladen, sich mit ihren Anträgen in möglichster Bälde an die unterzeichnete Stelle zu wenden, wobei im Voraus versichert wird, daß die Zinse stets pünktlich bezahlt werden. Den 5 April 1831. K. Oberamt. Ge ißlin gen. fSchuldenLiguidation.fi Da mit bei der Verweisung des neulich aus dem Hofgut des Jakob Urban in Oppingen erzielten Erlöses keiner der Ürban'schen Gläubiger übergangen werden möge, so wurde durch oberamtsgerichtiichen Beichluß vom 24ten vor. Mon. eine SchuldenLigutdation gegen Ur ban angeordnet, wozu Tagfahrt auf Montag den 2ten des nächsten Monats angesezt ist. Es werden nun sämmtliche Urban'sche Gläubiger hienut aufgefordert, ihre Ansprüche an genanntem Tag Morgens 9 Uhr, tn dem Wirthshaus« zu Oppingen, persönlich oder durch gehörig Bevollmächtigte, oder vorher bet unterzeichne ter Stelle schriftlich anzumelden, und die SchuldUr- kunden vorzulegen, indem noch bemerkt wird, daß die jenigen, welche diese Anmeldung unterlassen, bei der Verweisung des Ürban'schen Hofkauffchliliugö unbe rücksichtigt bleiben. Den 2 April 1831. K. GerichtsNotariat. Memminger. R u i t h , OberAmtsGerichtsBezirks Stuttgart, f G l ä u b i g e^r A n fr u f. f> Matthäus Jakob Jetter, cschneider von Ruith, welcher nach NordAmerika aus wandern will, wünscht sein Schnldenwesen unter Mit wirkung desK. AmtsNotariat^ und des GemeindeRaths im gütlichen Wege zu erledigen. Alle diejenigen, welche aus irgend einem RechtsGrundc eine Forderung an Jetter oder an seine Ehefrau zu machen haben, wer den nun hiemit aufgefordert , ihre Forderungen Sam stag den 7 Mai dieses Jahrs, Vormittags 8 Uhr, auf dem Rathhause in Rutth gehörig zu liguidiren, und sowohl über den GüterVerkauf, als auch über einen NachlaßVergleich sich zu erklären. Diejenigen Gläu biger, deren Forderungen aus den Akten nicht bekannt sind, und welche unterlassen, solche zur bestimmten Zeit zu liguidiren, haben es sich selbst zuzuschreiben, wenn ihnen zur Befriedigung ihrer Forderungen nach her nicht mehr verholfen werden könnte; diejenigen aber, welche wegen des GüterVerkaufs oder wegen ei nes Nachlasses sich nicht erklären sollten, werden als der Mehrheit der Gläubiger ihrer Kategorie beitre tend angenommen. Den 6 April 1831. König!. AmtsNotariat. GemeindeRath da- R a p p. selbst. Oberndorf. fG l ä u b i g e rA u fr u fch In Gant sachen 1) des Webers Karl Jeggle zu Schramberg, und 2) des Kammachers Johannes Hug zu Lauterbach ist zur Liquidation der Schulden, und zwar ad l) Donnerstag der 5 Mai l. I. , und ad 2) Freitag der 6 desselben Monats bestimmt. Die Gläubiger und Bürgen derselben wer den daher aufgefordert, an den gedachten Tagen, je Mvrgens9tthr, auf den betreffenden Rathhäufern ent weder persönlich oder durch rrchtsgehörig Bevollmäch tigte zu erscheinen, ihre Ansprüche an hc Mage t>uvu> Vorlegung der erforderlichen Beweisurkunden z» ij- auidiren, und sich über einen Borg- oder Nachlaß- Vergleich, so wie über den Verkauf der Massetheile zu erklären, oder auch bis dahin, wenn nicht beson dere Umstände ihre oder ihrer Bevollmächtigten Gegen wart erfordern, ihre Ansprüche durch schriftliche Re zesse darzuthun. Von denjenigen , welche schriftlich liguidiren, wird bei Abschließung mnes Vergleichs der Beitritt zur Mehr heit der Gläubiger ihrer Kategorie, und in Absicht auf die Verfügungen, welche die anwesenden Gläubiger wegen Veräußerung oder Verwaltung der MasseBe- standtheile treffen, ihre Genehmigung angenommen , gegen diejenigen aber, welche ihre Forderungen gar nicht liguidiren, und deren Ansprüche nicht aus den GerichtsAkten ersichtlich lind, wird unmittelbar nach jeder der LiquidativnsVerhandlungen der Ausschluß- Bescheid ausgesprochen werde». Den 8 April 1831. OberamtsRichter May. Heersberg. fW e i n v e r k a u f. fl Von den Wem- vorräthen bei der fürstlich von Metternichschen Verwal tung zu Heersberg werden Montag den 25 April d. I. zu Stunde kommenden NachIaßVergleich unberücksich tigt bleiben. — Beschlossen, Schorndorf, den 5 April 1831, in dem Königlichen OberAmtsgerichte. Arnold. Tübingen, [(fbiftallabmtg.] Johann Georg Reinhard, Bürger und Maurer von Sondelffngen, Oberamts Urach, hat sich im April 1823 von Hause entfernt, angeblich um Arbeit zu suchen, und seitdem keine Nachricht von sich gegeben. Auf die Bitte seiner Ehefrau Anna Margarethe geb. Kehrer von da ist nun der EhescheidungsProzeß gegen ihn erkannt und zur Verhandlung Tagfahrt auf Mittwoch den 10 August d. I. anberaumt worden. Es werden daher nicht nur gedachter Reinhardt , sondern auch dessen Verwandte oder Freunde, welche ihn in Rechten zu vertreten ge sonnen seyn sollten, hiermit aufgefordert, an gedach tem Tage, Vormittags 9 Uhr, vor der unterzeichneten Gerichtöstelle zu erscheinen, und in der Sache rechtlich zu handeln, wobei übrigens, sie mögen erscheinen oder nicht, rechtlicher Ordnung gemäß weiter verfahren wer den wird. So beschlossen im ehegerichtlichen Senat des Äönigl. Gerichtshofs für den Schwarzwaldkreis, Tü bingen, den 6 April 1831. Voßler Oberndorf. sW i e de rver p a cht un g der Markt- S t a n d p l ä £e.] Mit dem lezten GregoriMarkt ist der Pacht der MarktStandpläze zu Ende gegangen, und deßhalb neuer Pacht abzuschließen. Hiezu ist, um be sonderer wichtigeren Lokalverhältnisse willen, Sonntag der 1 Mai d. I. anberaumt, an welchem Tage, Abends 5 Uhr, die Wiederverpachtung sämmtlicher Marktstand- pläze unter den früheren Bedingungen für die nächsten 3 Jahre im Wege des öffentlichen Aufftreiches vorge nommen werden wird. Indem man dieses hiemit zur Kenntniß des gewerbetreibenden Publikums bringt, wird demselben zugleich auch das bestehende Verbot der Errichtung von Marktständen an Sonn- und Feier tagen in Erinnerung gebracht. Den9April 1831. — Für den Stadtrath: Stadtschuldheiß Fr net h. B o psin g e n, O.A. Neresheim. sAuffo rd erung.] Die ledige Margaretha Fischer von hier, 26 Jahre alt, ist am 25 Januar d. I. mit einem Pack Teppiche im Werth von 200 fl. aus die Handelschaft abgegan gen, und hat seither nichts von sich hören lassen, noch weniger den TeppichFabrikanten oder der Wärterin ihres unehelichen Kindes Geld geschickt. Die rc. Fischer wird deßhalb auf diesem Wege amtlich aufgefordert, entweder sogleich heimzukehren oder ihre Verbindlich keiten in Ordnung zu bringen. Zugleich werden die verehrlichen in- und ausländischen PolizeiBehörden ersucht, die Fischer hienach im Betretungsfalle beschei den zu wollen. Den 7 April 1831. StadtschuldheißenAmt. Leiber. Tübingen. sVorladun g eines Abwesenden.] Johann Jakob Grüner von Kirchentellinsfurth ist von der ledigen Regina Wolfmaier von Ebingen, Ober- Amts Balingen, mit einer Klage wegen ausserehelicher Schwängerung gerichtlich belangt worden. Da sein gegenwärtiger AufenthaltsOrt unbekannt ist, so wird derselbe hiemit öffentlich aufgefordert, vor dem hiesi gen OberAmtsGerichte in Person oder durch einen Bevollmächtigten auf die Klage zu antworten, wozu ihm eine zerstörliche Frist von 90 Tagen und zwar je 30 für den ersten, zweiten und dritten Termin unter dem RechtsNachtheil anberaumt wird, daß nach frucht losem Ablauf des zweiten Termins das Zugeständniß der faktischen llmstände der Klage, nach Ablauf des dritten Termins aber der Verlust der Einreden würde ausgesprochen und weiter erkannt werden, was Rech tens ist. Den 7 April 1831. — K. OberAmtsGericht. Für den Vorstand. v. Seybothen, G.Akt. Oehringen. sV e r scho l l e n e r. ] Georg Hein rich Niedt vonForchtenberg ist längst verschollen. Der selbe oder seine etwaigenLeibesErben werden nun auf gefordert, srch binnen der zerstörlichen Frist von 90Ta- gen bei der unterzeichneten Stelle zu melden, und ihre Ansprüche darzuthun, widrigenfalls derselbe für todt angenommen, und sein 542 fl. betragendes Vermögen, welches schon früher an seine muthmaßlichen Erben ge gen Eaution ausgefolgt worden ist, definitiv unter diese vertheilt werden würde. Den 31 Januar 1831. K. OberamtsGericht. Sie inet, Akt. Eßlingen, sGefährt feit.] Im Gasthof zur Krone dahier ist eine viersizige gelblakirte Chaise mit gerader Langwied, LFedern, fliegendem Bock u. Brücke um billigen Preis zu verkaufen. Sontheim, bei Heilbronn. sL e i n- und Klee- Samen.] Bei A. C. Herzberg ist schönster, ächter RheinischerMutterftätter SaatLein-, ewiger und deut scher KleeSamen in billigstem Preise zu haben. Reuttlingen. sNachfrage.] Seit geraumer Zeit erlaubt sich eine gewisse Frau, wohnhaft zu Me- zingen, ein kleines Händelchen mit AbfallWolle aus Spinnereien zu treiben. Dieselbe, wahrscheinliche Mitdiebin, erlaubt sich sogar zu sagen, sie erkaufe die besagte Wolle aus der Neuner'schen Spinnerei zu Reuttlingen. Es muß uns nun sehr viel daran gele gen seyn , diese so hübsche Handelsmännin auszumit- teln, um denjenigen, die sich in dieser Angelegenheit an uns wandten, zu beweisen, daß irren menschlich ist, und die liebe Frau sich wahrscheinlich im Aussprechcn eines Wortes geirrt hat. Wir bitten nun alle dieje nigen, an die Obige schon solche Wolle abgesezt, oder absezen wollte, uns., wenn es möglich, ihren Namen gütigst mittheilen zu wollen, und versprechen demjeni gen, der uns ihren Namen mittheilt, eine Belohnung von zwei Dukaten. Neuner und Sohn. Gmünd. sErben Vorladung.] Katharina Hä- gele von Rechberg ist vor einigen Wochen dahier mit Hinterlassung eines Testaments, worin sie ihren bishe rigen Dienstherr» als Erben ihres sehr geringen Nach lasses eingesezt hat, gestorben. Deren unbekannte Jn- testatErben, wenn noch solche am Leben seyn sollten, werden daher aufgefordert, zur Eröffnung jenes Testa ments, und zum Vorbringen ihrer etwaigen Einwendun gen dagegen sich binnen 45 Tagen zerstörlicher Frist um so gewisser bei unterzeichnetem Gerichte einzufinden, als sonst nad) deren Umfluß das Testament für anerkant angenommen, und vollzogen werden wird. Den l April 1831. K. OberamtsGericht. Schindler. Eßlingen. sWagen feil.] Unterzeichneter hat einen dauerhaften, zweispännigen Leiterwagen nebst 2 ganz guten FuhrmannsPferdsgeschirren um billigen Preis zu verkaufen. — I. Schreiber, Bierbrauer. E l t i n g e n. s W i r t h s ch a f t s G e l e g e n h e i t e n. ] Da in hiesigem Ort das WirthschaftsGewerbe von zwei SchildWirthen und einem SpeiseWirth aufgehört hat, und gedachte Wirthshäuser eingegangen lind, so wer den für diesen Abgang zwei ledige oder verehelichte taugliche Männer, welche einer Wirthschaft vorstehen können, auch gute Prädikats- und VermögensZeugnisse aufzuweisen vermögen, gesucht. Die hiezu geeigneten Gebäude werden den Liebhabern von der unterzeichne ten Stelle, bei welcher sie sich zu melden haben, ange wiesen werden. Den 12 April 1831. Schuldheißenamt allda. Heilbronn. sRinden Verkauf.] Samstag den 23 dieses Monats, Nachmittags 2 Uhr, werden unge fähr 1200 Büschel junge eichene Rinden und zugleich eine Partie alte Rinden auf hiesigem Rathhause im Aufstreich verkauft. Den 14 April 1831. StadtPflege. Aich, Oberamts Nürtingen. sG e fu n d e n e s.] Ein hiesiger Bürger hat vor einigen Tagen einen gol denen Uhrschlüssel auf der Straße hiesiger Markung gefunden. Der rechtmäßige Eigenthümer wird aufge fordert, denselben binnen 30 Tagen bei der unterzeich neten Stelle in Empfang zu nehmen, widrigenfalls sol cher dem Finder würde zuerkannt werden. Den 12 April 1831. SchuldkeißenAmt. Lüzenhart, Oberamts Horb. sHolzVerkauf.] Das unterzeichnete Rentamt wird am Montag den 25 April d. I. , Vormittags 9 Uhr, 600 Stämme rothe und weiße Tannen, welche sich vorzüglich zum Flößen und zu Schnittwaare eignen, im öffentlichen Aufstrelch gegen baare Bezahlung verkaufen. Die Liebhaber wer den eingeladen, an, bestimmten Tage tn Lüzenhart sich einfinden, und inzwisd)en von dem bereits gefällten Holze Einsicht nehmen zu wollen. — Freih. v. Raß- ler'sches Rentamt Weitenburg. ^ t Tübingen. des EhescheidungsProzesses wider ihren abwesenden Ehemann aus dem Grunde böslicher Verfassung nach gesucht. Da man nun diesem Gesuche entsprochen, und zu Verhandlung dieser EhescheidungsKlagsache Tag fahrt auf Mittwoch den 31 August d. I. anberaumt hat, so wird nicht nur bemeldeter SchneiderMeister Walser, sondern es werden auch dessen Verwandte und Freunde, die ihn im Rechte zu vertreten gesonnen seyn sollten, hiemit vorgeladen, an gedachtem Tage, Vor mittags 9 Uhr, vor dem ehegerichtlichen Senat des allhiesigen Kön. Gerichtshofes zu erscheinen, um die EhescheidungsKlage anzuhören, hierauf ihre Einwen dungen in rechtlicher Ordnung vorzutragen , und sich eines Erkenntnisses zu gewärtigen, wobei übrigens noch angefügt wird, daß, wenn sie an bemeldter Tagfahrt nicht erscheinen sollten, dennoch in der Sache vorgefah ren und erkannt werden wird, was Rechtens ist. So beschlossen tut ehegerichtlichen Senat des K. Gerichts hofes für den SchwarzwaldKreis zu Tübingen, den 6 April 1831. V o ß l e r. Vaihingen. sAuswanderunse n.) Nach stehende Einwohner desOberamtsBezirks wandern aus, und haben die gesezliche Bürgschaft geleistet, und zwar: Von Eberdingen: 1) Gottlieb Schmid, Bauer, mit seinem Eheweib und seinen zwei Kindern nach Nordamerika. Von Enzweihingen: 2) Johannes Kommerell, lediger Bauer, nach Nord. Amerika, 3) Ulrich Klein, Bauer, mit seinem Eheweib und 6 Kindern ebendahin, 4) Friedrich Heim, Schneider, und sein Eheweib und 5 Kinder, dahin, 5) Conrad Schwarz, Weingartner, sein Eheweib und 4 Kinder, dahin, 6) Johann Christian Heim, Schneider, mit seinem Eheweib und einem Kinde, ebendahin. VonGroßSachs enheim. 7) Michael Hartmann, Bleicher und Zimmermann, mit seinem Eheweib und 5 Kindern, nach Polen, 8) Johann Andreas Fink mit seinem Eheweib und 3 Kindern nach Polen, 9) Jung Ludwig Zürn, Wagner, mit seinem Ehe weib und einem Kind nach Polen, 10) Johann Christian Hinderer, Schlosser, mit sei nen! Eheweib und 3 Kindern nach Polen, 11) Jakob Heinrich Maier, Bäcker, mit seinem Ehe weib und einem Kinde nach Polen, 12) Johann Jakob Klöpfer, Maurer, mit seinem Eheweib und einem Kind nach Polen, 13) Michael Grieshaber, Schneider, mit seinem Ehe weib nach Polen. Von Horrheim. 14) Christian Friedrich Rieger, Weber, und dessen Eheweib nach Nordamerika, 15) Conrad Merker, Wagner, und dessen Eheweib und 2 Kinder, ebendahin, 16) Jakob Friedrich Merkers Wittwe, Elisabetha Dorothea, geb. Kiefer, mit ihren zwei Söhnen, dahin, 17) Johann Georg Schnitz, Weingärtner, mit seinem Eheweib und 5 Kindern, dahin. Von OberRieringen. 18) Georg David Strobel, ledig, nach Nordamerika. Von S e r s h e i ttt. 19) Carl Johann Dieterich Gaier, mit seinem Ehe weib und 6 Kindern nach Nordamerika, 20) Johann Georg Müller, Steinhauer, mit seinem Eheweib und 4 Kindern, ebendahin. Von UnterRieringen. 21) Friedrich Wieler, Bauer, mit seinem Eheweib und einem Kinde, nach Nordamerika, 22) Friedrich Schülc mit seinem Eheweib und seinem Kinde, ebendahin, 23) Jakob Friedrich Medinger, Weingärtner, mit seinem Eheweib und 5 Kindern, ebendahin, 24) Marie, Albrecht Schneks Wittwe, ebendahin, 25) Christiane Louise Schülin, ledig, ebendahin. Von Roßwaag. 26) Joh. Jakob Renz, Bauer, mit seinem Eheweib, und seinen 4 Kindern nach SüdRußland, 27) Johann Jakob Haller, Weingärtner, mit seinem Eheweib.und seinen 4 Kindern, ebendahin, 28) Joh. Jakob Vek, Wagner, mit seinem Eheweib und 6 Kindern, ebendahin, 29) Johann Georg Fidler, Maurer, mit seinem Ehe weib und 4 Kindern, ebendahin. Den 14 April 1831. Kön. Oberamt. Kirchheim >1. T. s Ausw a n d e ru n g.) Der Seifensieder Carl Bauer von hier wandert mit Zu stimmung der betreffenden vormundschaftlichen Behörde nach Nordamerika aus, und wurde deßhalb aus dem Württemb. UnterthanenVerbande entlassen, nachdem er anfJahresfristBürgschaft gestellt hat. Den !4April 1831. König!. Oberamt. Gmünd. [E d i k t a l L a d u n g.) Valentin Gebele, Sohn des weil. Leopold Gebele, von Gmünd, geboren den 11 Febr. 1759, mithin 70 Jahre alt, ist schon längst verschollen. Derselbe, oder seine etwaigen Lei besErben, werden nun aufgefordert, das vorhandene, unter Pflegschaft stehende Vermögen von ungefähr 500 fl. binnen der zerstörltchen Frist von 90 Tugen ttt Empfang zu nehmen, widrigenfalls solches nach Um- fiuß dieser Frist, unter die nächsten JntestatErben land- rechtlicher Ordnung nach vertheilt werden wird. Den 6 April 1831. K. OberamtsGericht. E> ch i n d l e r. Owen, Kirchheimer Oberamts. sMar kt Verle gung.) Die bisher in der hiesigen StadtGemeinde am 1 Mai und 20 Nov. abgehaltenen Vieh- und Krä- merMärkte sind nun ganz aufgehoben, und werden nun an deren Statt, zu Owen jährlich 3 Vieh - und KrämerMärkte zu folgenden Zeiten abgehalten, als: der erste, tedesmal bett, ersten Dienstag nach dem 3ren FastenSonntag ; der zweite, jeden Donnerstag nach dem I3ten Trinitatis: und der dritte am jedesmaligen Tbo masFeiertage , was mit der Bemerkung hiemit zur allgemeinen Kenntniß gebracht wird, daß der im Ka lender auf den 3 Mai bezeichnete Jahrmarkt in Owen Heuer nicht mehr abgehalten werde. Den 12 April 1831. Stadtschuldheiß Brvtbeck. Neckarsulm. *r!)ti!ten, werden alle diejenigen, welche ans irgend ei nem Rechlsgrnnde Ansprüche an deren Verlassenschaft zu machen haben, aufgefordert, diese ihre Ansprüche binnen 30 Tagen entweder persönlich, oder durch ge hörig Bevollmächtigte, oder burd) schriftliche Recesse, rechtsgenügeud darzuthun, widrigenfalls sie bei Der- theilung der gegenwärtigen VerlassemschaftsMaffe, un- dernkslchtigt gelassen werden müßten. Den 12 April 1331. K. Overamtsgericht Schmid. Tübingen. fS t e ck b r i e f.j Der ledige Karl Friedrich Memininger von hier ist nach einem gegen ihn hier vorliegenden StrafErkenntnisse zu einer zweimo natlichen Polizeihausstrafejoerurtheilt, hat sich jedoch nach der Eröffnung dieses Erkenntnisses flüchtig ge macht. Sämmtliche obrigkeitliche Behörden werben «rsucht, auf denselben zu fahnden , und ihn im Be- rretungöfaile an die unterzeichnete Stelle einliefern zu lassen. Den 14 April 1831. K. OberamtsGericht. v. Seybothen, G- Akt. Signale in ent des Memininger: Derselbe ist 28 Jahre alt, 5' 6" groß, nntersezter Statur, hat eine runde Geslchtsform, und gute Ge sichtsfarbe, braune Haare, dergleichen Augenbraunen, graueAugen, stumpfe Nase, kleinen Mund, volle Wan gen, gute Zähne und gerade Beine. Seine Kleidung kann nicht angegeben werden. Rottweil, f Ab st r eich s A k k o r d. ] Die Er bauung eines neuen Gefängnisses zum Gebrauch für das Oberamt wird in Abstretch gebracht. Die Bauko- sien berechnen sich nach den« lleberschlage sammt Ma terialien und Fuhrlohn auf GrabArbeit 24 fl. 22 kr. ; ManrerArdeit 1683 fl. 55 kr.; SteinhauerArbeit 345 fl. 48 kr. ; Jpser- und BestechArdeit 110 fl. 51 kr.; JiMmerArbeit 1207 fl. 54 kr.; SchreinerArdeit 174 fl. 47 kr.; SchlofferArbeit 494 fl. 33 kr. ; GlaserArbeit 82 fl. 8 kr.; HafnerArbei' 7 fl.; PflästererArbeit 12 fl. 36 kr. Die AbstreichsV-rhandlung geschieht Montag den 9 Mai d. I., Vormittags 9 Uhr, auf dem Rath- banse in Rottweil. Handwerksleute, die zu dem Ak- rord Lust tragen, und deren Verhältnisse hier nicht ge nau bekannt sind, haben über ihre Tüchtigkeit und ihre Vermögensumstände sich mit obrigkeitlichen Zeugnissen -auszuweisen. Riß und Ueberschlag kann noch vor dem Abstreich bei der Amtspfiege eingesehen werden. Den io April 1831. K. Oberamt. Besigheim. fSchuIdenLiquidationenJ In den nachbenannten rechtskräftig erkannten Gant sachen werden die SchuldenLiquidattonen an den unten festgesezten Tagen abgehalten werden. Man fordert die Gläubiger auf, ihre Forderungen an die verschiedenen Massen an genannten Tagen auf dem betreffenden Rathhause von Morgens 8 Uhr an geltend zu machen, und rechtsgenügend darzuthun, u. bemerkt, daß die bis dahin gänzlich unbekannt gebliebe nen Gläubiger durch einen sofort nach der SchuIdenLiqui- dationsHandliing auszusprechenden Bescheid von den ge genwärtigen Massen abgewiesen, die bekannten nicht liquidirenden aber nur nach ihren aus den Gerichts- Akten ersichtlichen Ansprüchen berückstchtigt, die zwar liquidirenden, aber nicht erscheinenden endlich hinficht- lich eines etwaigen Borg- oder NachiaßDergleichs und der über die MaffeGüter zu treffenden Beschlüsse als Der Mehrzahl der Gläubiger ihrer Kategorie beitretend werden angenommen werden. Liquidirt wird 1) in der Gantsache des Philipp Haeberle, Dienst tag den io Mai, 2) des Christoph Vechtel, Freilag den 13 Mai, 3) des Georg Friedrich Benzenhvser, Dienstag den 17 Mai, 4) des Friedrich Ott, Mittwoch den 18 Mai, 5) des Adam Strähle,,Freitag den 20 Mai, 6) des Jakob stahl, Freitag den 27 Mai, sämmtliche von Bönnigheim. Den 12 April 1831. Kon. Oberamtsgericht. v. G e m min gen, Akt. R o t t e n m ü n si er , Kameralamt. fGebäudeVer- f ü uf.] Zufolge Dekrets Kön. FinanzKammer für den SchwarzwaldKreis vom 26 Merz 1831 wird mit hienach bezeichneten Herrschaft!. Gebäuden zu Rottenmünster «in wiederholter Verkauf vorgenommen werden, und zwar mit: l) der großen Maiereischeuer. Dieselbe ist 171' lang, 55' breit, 2stockigt, und bis unter das Dach 16 l A' hoch von Stein aufgeführt, auch mit Platte» gedeckt. Sie enthält neben 2 ScheunenTennen von ganzen Balken u. hinlänglichen Raum um Futter und 15,ooo Garden aufzunehmen, mehrere Pferd- u. Rind- viehStallungen; 2) dem an diese Scheuer angebauten mit einem Plattendach versehenen Wagenschopf 52' lang, 41' breit, 16' hoch, zur Hälfte 2stockigt, unter welchem 11 SchweinStallungen eingebaut sind. Diese beiden Gebäude werden in neusteuerbarer Eigenschaft auf zweierlei Weise, nemlich auf den Abbruch oder zur fernern Benuznng in ihrem gegenwärtigen Bestand oder auch zu anderwärtigen Einrichtungen in solchen, verkauft, und ist zum Verkauf Samstag der 30 April be stimmt, auf welchen Tag früh 9 Uhr, die KauföLieb- hader, die mit obrigkeitlichen von den Oderämtern vi- sirten VermögensZeugniffen versehen seon müssen, in die KameralAmtsKarizlei mit dem Anfügen eingeladen werden, daß die VerkaufsObjekte inzwischen jeden Tag eingesehen, auch die übrigen VerkaufsBcdinguii gen bei dem Kameralamt vernommen werden können. Den 12 April 1831. K. Kameralamt, Klett. Neuenstein, O.A. Oehringen.

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Madame Cambarrieu was the wife of a prosperous French manufacturer, who loved her excessively. In return she gave him mere tolerance. There was room only in her cold nature for an idolatrous love of a prof- ligate son. Victorien skilfully plays upon his motner^s wealcness, and the result is a story of a husband *s mis- placed confidence, a woman^s severance of familv ties, and a villain''s flight from the consequences of his own act. *Meitzen, August. The history, theory and technique of statistics ; tr. into English, with an introd. by Dr. Roland P. Falkner. Phil., American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1891. 2 pts. Pt. 1, History. 8**, pap., $1.25 ; Pt. 2, Theory and technique, 8% pap., $1.50. *Mitchell, J. Murray, ed. Once Hindu, now Christian ; the early life of BabaPadmaiii : an autobiography. N. Y., Fleming H. Ke- vell Co., 1891. 155 p. 12% cl., 80 c. Nero, {pseud.) Valmond, the crank: the for- bidden book. N. Y., Twentieth Century Pub. Co., 4 Warren St., [1891.] c. 212 p. D. (Twentieth century lib., no. 35.) cl., 85 c. Valmond is a socialist. His life is spent in a con- stant warfare of words and acts against wealth and power. An episode is introduced similar to the recent strike on the Vanderbilt railroads. A love-affair with a young girl, his superior in education and social standing, runs through the story. The reasoning is crude and one-sided. The story is broadly vulgar, and aims at the destruction of all conventional barriers. Oakes, Christopher. The Canadian sena^tor. N. Y., United States Book Co., 1891. 179 p. D. (Lovell*s Westminster ser., no. 29.) pap.) 26 c. *0'Meara, H: Ballads of America and other poems. Bost., Damrell & Upham, 1891. c. 146 p. sq. 8% cl., $1.25. Ovington, Irene H. Helps for home nursing. Chic, C: H. Kerr & Co., 1891. c. 114 p. T. cl., 50 c. Tells the home nurse just the things she needs to know in order to supply the place or the "trained nurse;" how to improvise conveniences for the sick- room, how to secure good ventilation, how to arrange the room, how to prepare and serv^ nourishment (with a number of recipes especially suited to the sick), how to amuse Invalids, how visitors should be taught to be- have, with a chapter of helpful miscellaneous sugges- tions. ♦Powderly, T. V. Thirtv years of labor : a history of the organization of workingmen since 1860. Columbus, O., Excelsior Pub. House, 1891. c. 8**, cl., «n&a., $2.75 ; leath., $3.75 ; full tky. mor., $4.75. Reade, C: The Knightsbridee mystery; ra280,] The picture; \aUo^'\ Tit for tat: three complete stories. N. Y., G: Munro, [United States Book Co., 1891.] 91 p. D. (Seaside lib., pocket ed., no. 1648.) pap., n. p. Roberts, C: Humphrey. Down the Ohi-o. Chic, A. C. McClurg & Co., 1891. c. 5- 313 p. D. cl., $1.25. Just oef ore his death, caused by an accident in the Pittsburg rolling-mills. Dune. Aiiingham called hi& daughter Kit, and bade her go to her Aunt Eleanor Bane, in the Ohio country. For this purpcM^ she boarded the ThomoM Suxinn^ and was carried ^' down the Ohio^^ to the Quaker settlement in Swart hmore, where most of the action occurs. Although there are romantic and sensational incidents and a plot, it is the personality of the heroine that holds the interest. The time is before the abolition of slavery, and some of the devices employed by the Quakers to secure freedom and safety to the negro, are introduced in the story. Rook, £. C. and L. J. Drills and marches. Phil., Penn Pub. Co., 1890 [1891.] c. '90. 128 p. S. bds., 40 c; pap., 25 c. The introduction dwells upon the importance of in- sisting on exactness and implicit obedience fr>*m the scholars. Includes hoop drul, waiter drill, doll drill, tambourine drill, drill of little patriots, bromn drill, umbrella march, dumb-bell drill, fan drill, paraj»ol drill and several more. Rosewald, Julie. How shall I practice? Prac- tical suggestions to students of vocal music. San Francisco, Cal., The Bancroft Co., 1891. c. 46 p. S. cl., 75 c. Saltus, Edgar. Mary Magdalen: a chronicle. N. Y., Belford Co.^ [1891.] c. 254 p. D. cl., $1.25; pap., 75 c. Saltus' unbridled imagination and idkwyncraoieH of style are employed in a startling version of the story of Mary Magdalen. After her repentance, she is hup^xkhed placed under the special protection of Judas Iscaricut, and he, failing to win her favor, betrays the (hrUt as the surest means of punishing her. The descriptions of the life and surroundings of Mary Magdaleuei. of the court of Pilate, and of the natural beauties of tlie Holy Land are vivid, and the author's treatment of the characters absolutely fearless. Sherard, R. H. An American snob : a novel. N. Y., W. D. Rowland, 23 Chambers St., [1891.] c. 120 p. D. (Leisure-time ser., no. d.) pap., 25 c. The ^* snob ^^ is an American dentist who buys a title. The scene is Paris. The stor^' deals with love and an enforced marriage. Smiles, S: A publisher and his friends: me- moir and correspondence of the late John Murray; with an account of the origin and progress of the house, 1768-1843. N. Y., C: Scribner's Sons, 1891. 2 v. 18+496; 11+ 549 p. por. O. cL, $9. The building up of a great publishing-house bv a man of imusual gift4s and capacity is set forth. The literary life of England during the first half of the century is also illustrated through Mr. Murray's cor- respondence. He was the intimate friend and conre- spoindent of Scott, Byron, Canning, Southey, the Dis- raelis, Campbell, Crabbe, Hallam,MUman, Watihington Irving and Madame De Stadl, as well as the early edi- tors of the Quarterly^ Qifford, Coleridge and Lockhart. Many original letters appear from these authors and to them from Mr. Murray, going into interesting business details, and showing the generosity and enterprise and tact of the great publisher. Mr. Smiles makes his work a succession of episodes — that is, one history is foUowed out to its close before another is taken up. An unusu- ally succinct and clear account is thus given, and new light thrown upon many obscure spots in the history of AfrU i8, '91 \^No. 1003]. The Publisher^ Weekly. 559" modem literature: eroecially is this so ol the destruc- Uon of QjnxNi^s memoirs, of Scott ^s first relations with Murray, of the starting* of the Quarterly, etc. Two very fiiie pcntraits of the two Murrays are ^ven. *8Diith, Goldwin. Canada and the Canadian ?ue6tion. N. Y., Macmillan & Co., 1891. 0+825 p. map, 8% cL, $2. Smith, W:, ed., [and oiKeTS.'\ A dictionary of Greek and Koman antiquities. 3d ea. rer. and enh In 2 v. V. 1. Boat., Little, Brown & Co., 1890. 1063 p. U. 8% cl., net, |7; hf. cf., net, $9. Talleyrand-Perigord, C: M. de, i^Prince^ Memoirs; ed. with preface and notes by the Due de Bro^lie; tr. by Raphael L^os de Beaufort; with introd. by Whitelaw Reid. In 5 V. V. 2. N. Y., G: P. Putnam's Sons, 1891. c. tr. 8-h892 p. fac-simile letters, por. O. cl., $2.50. Ste notice, " Weekly Record," P W., Mar. 28. ^91, riOOO.] This Yolume relates to NapoIeon^s niarria^, nis brothers, his strug-^le with Pius VII., the fall of the empire, the restoration. Congress of Vieuna. It covers the years 1800 to 1815. Thompson, Maurice. At love's extremes. N. Y., Cassell Pub. Co., [1891.] c. '85. 5+ 266 p. D. (Cassell's sunshine ser., no. 65.) pap., 50 c. Ste notice, •• Weeldy Record," P. W., June 18, '85, ^*Thunfield, J. R. Peel. N. Y., Macmillan & Co., 1891. 6+246 p. 12% (Twelve English statesmen ser.) cl., 60 c. Tiiueau, Leon de. The chaplain's secret; from the French, by Anne Vizetelly. N. Y., G: Munro, [United States Book Co., 1891.1 184 p. D. (Seaside lib., pocket ed., no. 1820.) pap., 20 c. Von Degen, (pseud.) A mystery of the Cam- pagna; [alao^] A shadow on a wave: an artist's story of modern Venice. N. Y., CasseU Pub. Co., [1891.] c. 4-h203 p. D. (The unknown lib.) cl., 50 c. Two gruesome novelettes of Ital3'. In the first the hero loves a vampire— a woman' who comes from her ^rave to suck his olood. The second has its scene in Venice, and tells of an unhappy love-afTalr and a broken heart. ♦Walker, Francis A. History of the Second Army Corps in the Army of the Potomac. Cheaper ed. N. Y., C: Scribner's Sons, 1891. por. maps, 8**, cl., ^. ♦Washington. G: The writinjg^ of George Washington, including his (hary and cor- respondence ; ed. by Worthington C. Ford. In 14 V. V. 9. N. Y., G: P. Putnam's Sons, 1891. S% cl., $6. ♦Weidner, Revere Franklin. Biblical theol- ogy of the New Testament. V. 1. N. Y. and Chic, Fleming H. Re veil Co., 1891. 238 p. 12% cl., 11.50. Wilde, Oscar, Morris, W:, and Owen, W. C. The soul of man under socialism; [also,] The socialist ideal— art; [a/so,] The coming solidarity. N. Y.. The Bumboldt Pub. Co., [1891.] 2-48 p. O. (The Humboldt lib. of science, no. 147.) pap., 15 c. ♦Wilson, Rev. J. M. Sermons: second ser.; preached in Clifton College Chapel, 1888- 1890. N. Y., Macmillan & Co., 1891. 18-h 224 p. 12% cl., $1.75. Winslow, W: C, D.D. The Pilgrim fathers in Holland ; their condition and their rela- tion to and treatment by the authorities and the people, with special reference to the proposed monument at Delfshaven : a paper read before the New England Histor- ic and Genealogical Society on March 4, 1891. Bost., Congregational S. S. and Pub. Soc., [1891.] c. 24 p. O. pap., 10 c. Wright, Lois, M.D. Doctor Helen Rand. Chic, The Physicians' Pub. Co., 1891. c. 2-117 p. D. cl., $1 ; pap., 50 c. Dr. Helen Rand is the mother of a hoy, born out of wedlock. Her story is simply the means of ventilattng- an argument in favor of legitimatizing children so born. 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Cammann, Physical diagnosis of diseases of heart, lungs and thoraic aneurism ... i . 25 Holder, Charles Darwin. i . 50 Talleyrand, Memoirs, V. 2 2.50 Washington, Writings, 14 v., v. 9 5.00 J. W. Randolph & English, Richmond, Va. Robbins, The South and its people 50 Fleming H. Revkll Co., N. Y. and Chic. Adams, History of the Jews 3 . 20 Guinness, On the Congo 50 Mitchell, Once Hindu 80 Weidner, Biblical theology i . 50 W. D. Rowland, 23 Chambers St., N. Y. Sherard, An American snob 25 Charles Scribnbr's Sons, N. Y* Smiles, A publisher and bis friends, 2 v. . 9.00 Walker, History of the Second Army Corps, cheaper ed 2 . 00 Twentieth Century Co... 23 Warren St., N, Y. Nero, Valmond. the crank 35 <^« ^ 75 United States Book Co. (Lovells), N, Y. S*mtid4 Library^ P&eket Ediiwn, Bettany, A laggard in love (1810) 20 Cameron. A dead past (1782) 20 Eyre, A step in the dark ( 1804) 20 Fenn. A double knot (1815) . 20 — A mint of money (1824) 20 Halse, Weeping Ferry (1785) » Hawthorne, Grandfather's chair (1592) ... 20 Henty, A hidden foe (1818) 20 Reade, The Knightsbridge mystery (1648). n,p. Tinsf*au, The chaplain s secret (1820) 20 Loveir* Wtstmituttr Strut. Oakes The Canadian senator (29) ' 25 University of Penn a. Lewis, Our sheep and the tariff f i •2' Ward & Drummond. N. Y. Cochrane, Beneficent and useful lives .... i.oo — Great thinkers i .00 B. Westermann &Co., N. Y. Flugel, A universal English-German dic- tionary, 4M rev, ed., pts. 2-4 ea,, 1. 00 WrRTHINGTON Co.. N. Y. John, A brave woman 75 c. ; i .25 E. & J. B. Young & Co., N. Y. Leiy, Copyright law reform 60 LIST OF NEW ENGLISH BOOKS. SeiteUd from the current [Utulpn\ ^Publishers' Or- cular," Anderson, J. H. History of George the Third's raga. Post 8«, 140 p., 4«. 6d LoHgmaui FroiBSsrt, Sir J. The chronicles of Bagland, France, Spam, etc. Epitomized ed. 8*, 510 p., 3s. 6d. (Rout- ledge's Popular Library) RoutUdii Gk>ver, J. M. Intermediate laws. Jurisprudence psLgers, wiih model answers. Crown 8*, is. 6d. (Univ. Corr. Coll. Tutorial Series.) Clive Hayden, W. An introduction to the study of tfie Irish language, baaed upon the preface to Donlevy's. cate* chism, text translation, and glossary. 8", (Dublin, Gill), 74 p., as. 6d Nmtt Hunt, Leigh. Poems and essays. Selected an<} edited by Reginald Bromley Johnson, with introduction^ por- trait by S. Lawrence, and etchings by Herbert Railton. a vols., la^t los. 6d. (Temple Lityraiy.) DetA Iiiddell, R. S. The memoirs of the Tenth Royal Hos- .sars (Prince of Wales* Own): historical and social, with illusti ations by Oscar Norie. Royal 8*« 63s. Marttneau, J. Bssaya, reviews, and addresses. voL <, Bcclesiastical, historical. Post 8**, 570 p., 7s. 6d. Maaeini, J. Life and writings. Vol. 6. New ed. Post 8<>, 3a3 p., 6s Smith & £ Pepys, S. Diary and correspondence. With life and notes by Lord Braybrooke. A verbatim reprint of the edition of X848-1849. 4 vols., 8**, i8s Somuenschein Semple, C. B. A. The pharmacopoeia: being an abridgment of the British Pbannacopceia of 1885. and the appendix of 1890. xa*, 184 p.* 3s. <Sd ..... .BmiUiert Slater, J. H. Round and about the bookstalls : a guide for the book>hunter. Post 8*, lao p., 3s. 6d GiU AUCTION SALES. April ao-aa, 3 p.M.—Bnglish and American books from the librarv of the late Cornelius Paine, including works on Napoleon and French Revolution. (971 Iocs.)— Bangs, Apkil a8 AND 99^ ID A.M. AND a P.M. — ^Private libraries of the late Dr. A. F. Holt, Surgeon-Gen. of Mass.; of the late Dr. John H. Dix, of Boston; and the med.cal U- brary of Dr. Holt. (1364 »ott.)— C. F. LibbU 6f Ck, Boston. ^ April or May.— Spring Trade Sale;->Z^«9///. May 5.— Spring Parcel Salt,-^Bmmtt. April i8, '91 \No. 1003]. The Publishers' Weekly. 561 FOUNDED BY F, LEYPOLDT. APRIL II. l8gl. Tbc editor does not hold himself responsible for the ▼lews expressed in contributed articles or communications. All matter, whether for the readin^^matter columns or onr adTertlsincf pa^es, should reach this office not later than Wednesday noon, to insure insertion in the same week's issue. In case of business changes, notification or card should be immediately sent to this office for entry under " Busi- ness Notes." New catalogues issued will also be men- tioned when forwarded. Publiabers are requested to furnish tide-page proofs and advance information of books forthcoming, both for entry in the lists and for descriptive mention. An early copy of each book published should be forwarded, to in- sure correctness in the final entry. " Every man is a debtor to his profession^ from the which, as men do of course seeh to receive countenance and profit, so ought they of duty to endeavor themselves by way of amends to be a help thereunto^* — Lord Bacon. THE PROVISIONS OF THE NEW COPY- • RIGHT ACT. There is so much misconception of the real bearings of the new copyright act that we give below, in the fewest possible words, for the bene- fit of home as well as foreign readers, a statement of the actual changes. The law is, technically, not an international copyright act, but an extension of domestic copy- right to foreigners. Thi» extension is accom- plished by striking out the previous clauses which specifically restricted copyright to American cit- izens or residents. The only distinction now made between citizens and foreigners is that the record charge for the copyright of an article *' the production of a person not a citizen or resi- dent of the United States " shall be one dollar, the fee for Americans remaining fifty cents. [This proviso, *• to defray the expenses of lists of copyrighted articles," is an incongruity quite needless, in view of the fact that by the final form of the bill all entries, and not simply those of foreign origin, are to be printed.] The rights of the American producer are inci- dentally lessened in one particular : the " manu- facturing clause " forfeits his right if his book is type-set abroad. This has been an infrequent' practice, Mr. Howells being almost the only American author who has had many of his bboks set abroad. The right of the American and of the foieign producer to be protected against unauthorized translation or dramatization of his work, is fully secured by the new act. The former law was imperfect in this respect, and there is here a de- cided gain to our own authors. The title or description of the work to be copyrighted must be registered on or before pub- lication in this or any other country, and the two copies of books, etc. (or one photogpraph of paintings, etc.), must be deposited not later than the day of the publication thereof in this or any other country, instead of within ten days after publication, as provided in the old law. This permits simultaneous publication in all countries, but forfeits domestic copyright if a work is first published elsewhere — a feature included or im- plied in the British and in most copyright systems. Registration and deposit may be by placing in the mails within the United States. This does not prevent an author from mailing his title-page from abroad, but means that only deposit in the United States mails can be officially accepted as a valid delivery. The former proviso that the two copies must be of "the best edition" Is omitted ; the pub-' Usher is no longer required to deposit an Edition de luxe, but would be expected to deposit copies in permanent shape (/.^., cloth-bound), though it is not probable that paper-covered copies could be refused. By " the manufacturing clause," copyright is denied to books, photographs, chromos or litho- graphs, not from type set or negatives or stone- drawings made within the United States. Maps and charts, dramatic and musical compositions, engravings, cuts and prints, paintings and like art-works, are copyrightable without restriction. This permits copyrighted maps, or illustrations (other than photograph or lithograph), to be imported and incorporated with a copyright book, and prevents unauthorized copying of such for other books. Copyrighted books, photographs, chromos or lithographs, or plates thereof , cannot be imported for sale. Not more than two copies at any one time may be imported for use, and these subject to duty unless for the United States or for an institution of learning or brought by arriving passengers after a year's use abroad. But books and pamphlets in languages other than English or in raised print for the blind may, by the tariff statutes, be imported free of duty, and this prob- ably makes it legal to import French books, for instance, though type-set and copyrighted here. The copyrighting of a translation does not involve copyright or prohibition of the original work. As a result of this complication, a French writer who desires to secure his copyright and reserve rights of dramatization and translation in Amer- ica, must cause his book to be type-set here in 562 The Publishers' Weekly. ]^No, 1003] April 18, '91. French, but probably his publish -r or represen- tative cannot prevent the importation, duty free, of foreign copies or editions of it. Newspapers and magazines containing author- ized copyright matter may be imported notwith- standing ; but if the copyrighted matter is un- authorized^ they are prohibited. This is the wholesome effect of a proviso somewhat obscure in its phraseology. Copyright cannot be had for books published (in whole or in part, as a first volume) before July I, i8gi, and the status of foreign boolcs, etc., not type-set and copyrighted in this country remains after that date the same as before. But new matter in new editions may be copyrighted, in which case any one would have liberty to re- print the old but not the new edition. The Treasury is to print a weekly list of all titU'entries at a price not exceeding $5 per annum. The above are substantially all the changes of the new act, the text of which was given in the issue of the Publishers' Wbskly for March 7. In a letter on the act in the London Athetia- um, Mr. M. D. Conway says : "The foreign author has also some .check on his Americair publisher in a privilege shared with the American author of changing his publisher. Should an American or English author believe himself unfairly treated, he may bargain with another publisher to bring out an edition of his book, and no injunction could issue against such edition. The first publisher could bring an action against the owner of the copyright, but then only if he had been guaranteed against a rival edition. He would have to prove that he had fulfilled his part of the contract." This tends to give our British brethren a cu- rious view, to say the least, of the morals of American authors. As a matter of fact, neither this act nor any copyright law has to do with the business relations between authors and publishers. If an author wishes to sell to a publisher the right to publish his book for a specific number of copies only, or for a first edition, or for a stated number of years, he may of course do so, if he can find a publisher willing to make the bargain ; but if he sells the booky as is usual, ** changing publishers," as above suggested, would be deserving of adjec- tives. Happily, American authors are usually well satisfied with their treatment by Ameri- can publishers, so that they not only do not attempt to steal their own books after they have sold them, but they rarely change publishers when they issue a new book. ■-^■~"-™" • There is much unwise talk as to the hardship of con^pelling a foreign author to defer his pub- * lication until he can find an American publisher. But is that not what every author does at home — wait till he can find a publisher, unless he prefers to pay his own way ? We take pleasure in giving in this issue a fall account (including verbatim reports of the speech- es) of the banquet given on the 13th inst. by the American Copyright League in honor of the passage of the Copyright bill. No such il- lustrious assemblage of authors and members of the book trade has been seen together in this country since the notable banquet tendered by the New York Book Publishers* Association to the authors and booksellers of the United States at the New York Crystal Palace in 1855. Of that earlier gathering but one' survived to take active part in the campaign whose victorious issue was celebrated this week. We refer to the Nestor of the publishing trade, Mr. W. H. Appleton, the President of the American Publishers' Copyright League, who unfortunately could not be present on Monday evening. The purpose of the reunion in 1855 was, as Mr. W. H. Appleton, the chair- man on that occasion, hoped, '* the inauguration of a new era in the history of that trade which ministers to the intellectual wants of a great and powerful people." Later experience did not quite justify that hope. We sincerely trust that we have at last reached the period when the hopes of the past and present may be fully re- alized. AMERICAN COPYRIGHT LEAGUE. CELEBRATION OF THE PASSAGE OF THE BIU. In honor of the passage of the Copyright bill, and in celebration of the eighth anniversary of the formation of the American (Authors') Copy- right League, the members of the Copyright League and their frienci^ met at Sherry's charm- ing rooms at 5th Avenue and 37th Street, New York, on the evening of April 13. A brilliant company was seated around the festive board. The tables were arranged in the form of a great horseshoe, emblematic, no doubt, of the good luck and the good guidance that have prospered the League. The decorations consisted of a profusion of flowers and of the flags of the nations promi- nent in the International Copyright Union. On one wall, in a frame of heavy oak, on a dark red background, was the eagle quill with which Presi- dent Harrison signed the International Copyright bill, and made it a law. Owing to the absence of James Russell Lowell, the President of the League, E. C. Stedman, by general request of members of the council, presided. Seated near him at the head of the horseshoe were Senator O. H. Piatt, of Con- necticut, who had charge of the International Copyright bill in the Senate; Count Emile de K6ratry, representative of the French So- cieties that favored international copyright ; Robert Underwood Johnson, Secretary of the Joint Committee of the authors and publishers ; April 1 8, '91 iNo. 1003], The Publishers' Weefdy, 563 Geoeral A. C. McClarg, President of the Chicafi^o Copyright I^eague ; George Haven Putnam, Secretary of the Publishers' Copyright League ; Dana Estes, Secretary of the Boston Interna- tional Copyright Association ; Theodore L. De Vinne, representing theXypothetae ; George Par- sons Lathrop and George Walton Green, former Secretaries of the Authors' League ; 'Charles Scribner, Treasurer of the Joint Committee; W. W. Appleton, of the Campaign Committee; John L. Kennedy, Chairman of the International Typographical Union Copyright Committee at ' Washington; Rev. Dr. Henry Van Dyke. Seated on Mr. Stedman's left were Honorables Henry Cabot Lodge, A. P. Fitch and William McAdoo, George William Curtis, Parke Godwin and Seth Low. Among the other members and guests present were the following : Daniel Appleton, Rdw. Dale Appleton, S. P. Avery, Cyrus O. Baker, Cnarles Barnard, Charles Blondin, -Clarence W. Bowen, R. R. Bowker, Noah Brooks, Lloyd Bryce, Rev. Dr. J. M. Buckley, C. C. Buel, G. W. Cable, William Carey, Edward Cary, B. Chamberlin, J. D. Champlin, Jr.^ J. Wells Champney, -Charles F. Chichester, W. C. Church, L. Clarke Davis, A. W. Drake, H. R. Eliot, M. N. Forney, E. Fawcett, H. T. Finck, Oco. F. Foster, A. St. Gaudens, W. H. Gibson, J. B. Gilder, R. W. Gilder, B. W. Glaenzer, Geo. Walton Green, W. M. GrinnelL Gen. J. A. Halaerman, F. J. Hall, James Harper, L. J. Hatch, Geo. H. Hazen, Ripley Hitchcock, Charles Holt, Henry Holt, George lies, Joha J. Knox, Thos. W. Knox, B. G. Kremer, Craige Lippincott, T. R. Lounsbury, H. W. Mabie, Chai les V. Mapes, M. Marks, F. D. Millet, J. A. Mitchell, J. H. Morse, G. E. Pond, James B. Pond, J. B. Putnam, A. D. F. Randolph, W. H. Rideing, Frank H. Scott, Walter SbirUw, Douglas Sladen, William M. Sloane, Benj. E. Smith, F. Hopkinson Smith, E. Munroe Smith, Charles C. Soule, F. H. Stoddard, F. A. Stukes, O. S. Strauss, B. Tuckerman, Horace White. From the music-gallery, which was decorated with American, British, French, German and Italian flags, the speeches were listened to by a group of women sympathizers with and workers for the cause of copyright. Among them were Mrs. E. C. Stedman, Mrs. R. U. Johnson, 'Mrs. Brander Matthews, Mrs. G. H. Putnam and Miss Kate Field. Many invited guests found that, for various reasons, they could not attend the dinner. Among these were the President and Vice-President of the United States, ex-President Cleveland, the French and English Ministers, Cardinal Gibbons, Bishop Potter, Senator Chace, William M. Evarts, Thomas B. Reed, J. R*. Hawley, Benjamin But- terworth, W. C. P. Breckinridge, Amos J. Cum- mings, General F. A. Walker, President of the International Copyright Association of New England; W. H. Appleton, President of the American Publishers' Copyright League; John G. Whittier, Dr. O. W. Holmes and Charles W. Eliot, first President of the Boston Associa- tion. The first letter read was the following from the absent President of the League: Blmwood, Cambkidgb, Mass., April a, 1891. I should feel highly honored could I accept your invitation to preside at the dinner on the 13th of April. We have not gained all that we wished, but we have won a substantial triumph in securing the acknowledgment of the principle for -which we have been contending; I have a firm belief that- matters will arrange themselves more to our liking as time goes on and public opinion with it, as it is sure to do. We have every reason, therefore, for congratulating each other and for giving public expression of the satisfac- tion we feel. [ should be heartily glad to share in these felicitations, but my health is at present so uncertain as to forbid my undertaking any such responsibility. With many and sincere regrets, faithfully yours, J. R. Lowbll. Then followed one from Congressman W. E. Simonds: Hartford, Conn., April za, 1891. While 1 am steadily, though slowly, gaining health and strength, it is the opinion of my physi- cian that there is danger of a serious interruption of my progress if I undergo the strain of a trip to New York and an attendance upon your din- ner. This is a great disappointment to me, and I refrain from coming with deeper regret than I can readily express. I feel a great interest to hear what American authors will say about the passage of the Inter- national Copyright bill. I hope they recognize and appreciate the dominant reason of its passage. A large majority of all those members of Con- gress who repeatedly voted for the passage of the bill did so as a matter of right and wrong and without respect to other considerations. A few were actually maintained by their friendship for the printers, but they were only in comparison. For myself, I was and am assured that the act will decrease the price of all books except the very cheap and the very dear; I was accustomed to say this to my colleagues, but I cannot recall that one of them ever gave a cordial assent to the proposi- tion. On one side of the chamber there were many members who steadily voted for the bill, feeling all the while that its main promoters outside the chamber were their political opponents and in' consistent in their advocacy of the measure. It is within the knowledge of the League that no threats, promises or blandishments, large or small, were brought to bear on members in favor of the bill. It is so easy and so fashionable to decry the Congressional conscience and to indulge in pes- simistic wonder as to what on earth we are com- ing to, that it seems to me worth while to point out how clearly and distinctly this question was decided in Congress as one of right and wrong. In conclusion, I most heartily congratulate the League on the passage of the bill, and I am pleased to be able to say that the act comes very near being the exact thing that the situation de- mands. Yours truly, William Edgar Simonds. 5^4 The Publisher^ Weekly. \No. 1003] April 18, '91. From Senator Hoar: WoRCBSTBR, Mass., April 8, z8qx. I am sorry that I cannot attend the dinner in celebration of the passage of the International Copyright bill. I cannot claim much credit my- self in the matter, except in so far as I have been a loyal lieutenant of Mr. Piatt and in virtue of having once facilitated the passage of the bill by a masterly flash of silence just at .the right time, when I was sorely tempted to make an indignant speech. I am glad the old contest between copy- right and copywrong is so near settlement in this country. Th<! statute of last winter will probably need some amendment after a little trial; but I do not think there is danger of losing what we have gained. I am, with the highest respect, faithfully yours, Geo RGB F. Hoar. From ez-Speaker Winthrop: BoBTON, Mass., April 9, >89x. I thank you and the committee for your kind invitation. It is now fifty years, save one, since I served on a committee in the House of Repre- sentatives of the United States on the subject of international copyright. My accomplished friend, John P. Kennedy, of Baltimore, the author of "Swallow Barn" and "Horseshoe Robinson," was the chairman of the committee, of which, I believe, I am the only survivor. He did all that was done in initiating the international reform which has at length been accomplished, arid his name should not be forgotten when the history of this long- vexed question is made up. It would give me pleasure to take part in the celebration by the Copyright League, but age and infirmities • compel me to deny myself to such occasions, and I can only offer you my congratulations and ac- knowledgments. Believe me, with great regard, yours very truly, Robert C. Winthrop. From C. P. Cranch: Cambridgr, Mass., April 9, 1891. There is no festal meeting at which I should more heartily be present than the dinner in cele- bration of the passage of the International Copy- right bill. But I regret that I ' must join you only in spirit, rejoicing with you and the frater- nity of authors in your opportunity to signalize by a symbolical banquet the dawn of a brighter era for a class of workers admitted at last to an honest share of the fruits of their life-long labors. I have the honor to be. very truly yours, Christopher P. Cranch. Congressman W. L. Wilson, of West Virginia, wrote: In acknowledging the courtesy of their invita- tion, I beg leave to tender the members of the League my hearty congratulations on the success of their efforts to secure a permanent lodgment in our laws of the principles for which they have so earnestly striven. In common with some of my colleagues who supported the bill, I did not like the form it finally took, but, believing this form to be only temporary, and an indispensable condition to immediate success, I did not hesitate to support a measure, inherently just, whose en- actment is a part of the '* righteousness that ex- alteth a nation." W. L. Wilson. Congressman Amos J. Cummings wrote: Am sorry I cannot be with you to-night. I congratulate both the typographical unions and the Authors' Club. Without the aid of either you would have had no Copyright law. All honor to Simonds, Breckinridge, Bynum, Lodge and the others. They did the work. I salute you. A. J. Cummings. Letters were also read from Colonel R. H. Johnston, of Baltimore; A. R. Spofford, Libra- rian of Congress, and Dr. Edward Egglestoo. The following telegraph by accident did not ar- rive in time to be read : " I congratulate the association most heartily upon the beginning of full justice to the authors of the world. To day let us not spend time pointing out the shortcomings of the act just , passed, but rather rejoice over the central fact." Jos. R. Hawlky. At a somewhat late hour Mr. Stedman rose, and. before introducing the speaking, which he promised would be marked by Arcadian brevity. said : There is nothing to mar our satisfaction, gen- tlemen, except the absence of a few of our guests. We miss from the head of this table our fore- most man of letters, the chief of our guild, the distinguished President of the American Copy- right League, whose chair another has the honor to occupy, but which none other than himself can be said to fill. Then Laurence Hutton read Mr. Lowell's let- ter, and all present heartily joined in a tnast to "the health of Mr. Lowell, with a warm wish that it may pass from a state of uncertainty to that of complete restoration.*' The toast to Mr. Lowell having been drunk with much enthusiasm, Mr. Stedman continued as follows : EDMUND C. STEDMAN. Though our summons was sent out at short notice, we have a thoroughly representative as- semblage, gathered to celebrate, upon the eighth anniversary of the formation of the American Copyright League, the passage of a bill securing international copyright. We celebrate the vic- torious result of a struggle, the successive cam- paigrns of which have extended over moi*e than half a century. I do not think of any measure which has so long been fought in any legislative body, unless it be the Parliamentary bill to legal- ize marriage with a deceased wife's sbter. Fifty- four years have passed since the petition pre- sented by Henry Clay, in 1837, and the favor- able report upon it of a select committee, includ- ing Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster and Mr. Buchanan. Now, it chances that within the last week our inventors have been celebrating the looth anni- versary of the American patent system. From the first, a foreigner could obtain a patent. The international principle was at once established. The right at one time was, I thtnK, withdrawn, but in 1836, or about the time a copyright strug- gle began, it was confirmed upon certain condi- tions. The international right of property in material inventions — in the designs of what were termed " useful articles," and in " new processes, in art or manufactures," was recognized by Con- gress just 100 years before the principle — for which we have been contending, and the victory of which we are now celebrating— was recog- nized, to wit : that the right of property in liter- April 18, '91 \No. 1003]. The PuiUshers' Weekly. 565 ary invention — in the written product of the bnin — however it may be otherwise conditioned, has no boundary lines. ' - You know, gentlemen, that this was fought lor, during many years, chiefly on grounds rela- tive to the welfare of American authors and the development of a home literature. For one, I always have felt that the wrongs experienced by foreign writers, however prejudicial to our repu- tation among nations, and outrageous as they were, have been less severe than the cruel ills so long inflicted upon our own men of letters — of less moment than the repression of American ideas, the restricted growth of our national lit- erature ; during that weary period in which, though a foreign author was denied some in- creased measure of profits, the question for an American author was whether he could even ob- tain a hearing — whether he could live at all. This was the question for him, from the time of Irving's first struggle, and even so late as the formation of the Copyright Association of 1868, under the auspices of Bryant and the elder Put- nam. In time, as we know, the chief wrongs felt by American authors seemed to right themselves. But international copyright had not been gained. The cause of forty years, chiefly maintained on practical and egoistic grounds, made little head- way. I know of no more St rilcing example of the ultimate force of ethics than the record of our final campaigns. It has again been found that right makes might — that it is the most efifective promoter of even statutory law. This result makes us wish still more fervently that Mr. Lowell were with us to-night, and makes us say: "His health was never better worth than now." From the beginning of his active connection with the League, he has put his strength upon the moral side of its argument; indeed, his apothegms, equally famous and en- during in prose and verse, have made the argu- ment for us. You and I, and every Congress- man in time, learned them b/ heart. They be- came our apostolic and confessional creeds, the first being : " There is one thing better than a cheap book, and that is a book honestly come by," and the second is like unto it : ** In Tain we call our notions fudge And bend our conscience to our dealing ; The Ten Commandments will not bude e, And stealing will continue stealing/^ I shall not here repeat the story of the last seven years. There are others here from whom we shall gather some sense of the zest and sus- pense and vigor and triumph of the final cam- paign. The main fact to-night is that here are representatives of all classes engaged in it— of authors, publishers, printers, workmen, and of the noble army of legislators that fought for and with us— gathered to celebrate, first, the legal recognition of the international right of prop- erty in literature, and, secondly, the rehabilita- tion of our national good name throughout the reading world. Yes, and one thing more. Primarily this is an author's jubilee. But I trust that it is not only American authors who feel like chanting : ** It must be now dat de Kingdom am a-comin', An* de year ob jubilo." We hope that foreign authors — ^and especially 00 r English fellows of the craft — are rejoicing, ar e rejoicing just a little, are somewhat in touch with us to-night. We really have done our best for them, through weary and costly marches, often led by those who themselves can profit lit- tle by what is gained. We can say with George Eliot, '* One must be poor to know the luxury of giving." And we npw can safely permit our transatlantic brethren to understand that Amer- ican authors have for some years realized that the time at last had come when we were fighting their battle, rather than our own, as far as ma- terial interests are concerned. The road to publication for an American work has been easy — ^almost too easy for some trashy American works — since the manufacture of unauthorized reprints became unprofitable. So far as respects the Authors' Copyright League, its efforts have been, to use a hackneyed word, altruistic, except for the satisfaction derived from a sense of honor, dignity, right. For what have we now dared to do? We have doubled at a stroke the list of our competitive writers. All British authors are now American authors. The old toast about the common tvealth of those who inherit the language of Shakespeare and Bacon and Milton at last means something. All will now compete on nearly equal terms in the mar- vellously broadening market of this " Greater Britain " — of what must be the greatest book- mart of the world. We have bought this right of competition for our foreign compeers with no small price, and we therefore tender it the more joyously. If it be not a perfect gift, it is the best within our means — as perfect as we can make it. And if we have not yet listened to a symphonic chord of the appreciation which we are assured our new associates must feel, we piously believe that this is due to the gloom of their present season, and because their Anglo-Saxon heart is too full for. words, and is one not worn upon the sleeve. For it cannot be denied that our new Copyright law, if not perfect, wins at least nine-tenths of the battle. If it were quite perfect, perchance we might not feel so sure that this revolution is not one of those which never go backward.