triplets
list | passage
stringlengths 56
13.5k
| label_str
stringlengths 5
48
| passage_id
float64 58
38.4k
⌀ | __index_level_0__
int64 0
529k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Memory of the World Programme",
"founded by",
"UNESCO"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Memory of the World Programme<\e1> and <e2>UNESCO<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,592 |
[
"NICA",
"owned by",
"Joint Institute for Nuclear Research"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>NICA<\e1> and <e2>Joint Institute for Nuclear Research<\e2>.
NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) is a particle collider complex being constructed by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia to perform experiments such as Nuclotron ion beams extracted to a fixed target and colliding beams of ions, ions-protons, polarized protons and deuterons. The projected maximum kinetic energy of the accelerated ions is 4.5 GeV per nucleon, and 12.6 GeV for protons.
|
owned by
| 32,208 | 94,630 |
[
"Pennsylvania Abolition Society",
"founded by",
"Thomas Paine"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Pennsylvania Abolition Society<\e1> and <e2>Thomas Paine<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,641 |
[
"Pennsylvania Abolition Society",
"founded by",
"John Woolman"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Pennsylvania Abolition Society<\e1> and <e2>John Woolman<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,644 |
[
"Pennsylvania Abolition Society",
"founded by",
"Anthony Benezet"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Pennsylvania Abolition Society<\e1> and <e2>Anthony Benezet<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,645 |
[
"Yes California",
"founded by",
"Louis J. Marinelli"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Yes California<\e1> and <e2>Louis J. Marinelli<\e2>.
Organization
Yes California formed in August 2015, succeeding the Sovereign California campaign. The campaign adopted its name and logo from Yes Scotland, a campaign group from the 2014 independence referendum in Scotland. The campaign has earned the nicknames Caleavefornia, Califrexit, and Calexit (after Brexit, the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union).As of 2016, the campaign president was Louis J. Marinelli, a New Yorker living in Russia. The vice president (as of 2016) is Marcus Ruiz Evans. Both men are former Republicans and Marinelli says he voted for Donald Trump.
|
founded by
| 32,257 | 94,765 |
[
"Deworm the World Initiative",
"founded by",
"Michael Kremer"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Deworm the World Initiative<\e1> and <e2>Michael Kremer<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,776 |
[
"The Film Foundation",
"founded by",
"Martin Scorsese"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Film Foundation<\e1> and <e2>Martin Scorsese<\e2>.
The Film Foundation is a US-based non-profit organization dedicated to film preservation and the exhibition of restored and classic cinema. It was founded by director Martin Scorsese and several other leading filmmakers in 1990. The foundation raises funds and awareness for film preservation projects and creates educational programs about film. The foundation and its partners have restored more than 900 films.Background
As of 1997, more than half of all films made before 1950 had been lost, and a mere 10% of those produced in the US prior to 1929 survived. Even films made in Eastmancolor after 1950 were already deteriorating. Because of the risk of deterioration and color fading as films age, Martin Scorsese "began his film preservation crusade in 1980", educating both the industry and the public about the problem.In 1990, Scorsese created The Film Foundation together with Woody Allen, Robert Altman, Francis Ford Coppola, Clint Eastwood, Stanley Kubrick, George Lucas, Sydney Pollack, Robert Redford and Steven Spielberg, who all sat on the foundation's original board of directors. In 2006, Paul Thomas Anderson, Wes Anderson, Curtis Hanson, Peter Jackson, Ang Lee and Alexander Payne joined them. In 2015, Christopher Nolan also joined the board.
|
founded by
| 32,273 | 94,811 |
[
"Allgemeiner Deutscher Fahrrad-Club",
"founded by",
"Jan Tebbe"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Allgemeiner Deutscher Fahrrad-Club<\e1> and <e2>Jan Tebbe<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,838 |
[
"European Research Council",
"founded by",
"European Commission"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>European Research Council<\e1> and <e2>European Commission<\e2>.
The European Research Council (ERC) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the European Union (EU). Established by the European Commission in 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific Council, its governing body consisting of distinguished researchers, and an Executive Agency, in charge of the implementation. It forms part of the framework programme of the union dedicated to research and innovation, Horizon 2020, preceded by the Seventh Research Framework Programme (FP7). The ERC budget is over €13 billion from 2014 – 2020 and comes from the Horizon 2020 programme, a part of the European Union's budget. Under Horizon 2020 it is estimated that around 7,000 ERC grantees will be funded and 42,000 team members supported, including 11,000 doctoral students and almost 16,000 post-doctoral researchers.
Researchers from any field can compete for the grants that support pioneering projects. The ERC competitions are open to top researchers also from outside the union. The average success rate is about 12%. Five ERC grantees have won Nobel Prizes. Grant applications are assessed by qualified experts. Excellence is the sole criterion for selection; there are neither thematic priorities, nor geographical quotas for funding. The aim is to recognise the best ideas, and confer status and visibility to the best research in Europe, while also attracting talent from abroad.
Along with national funding bodies, the ERC aims to improve the climate for European frontier research. The Scientific Council has been keen to learn from the ERC's peers in national research councils (European and overseas) and to engage in dialogue and appropriate collaboration. Also, some countries – such as Poland – have used the ERC model to establish national basic research funding bodies.
|
founded by
| 32,288 | 94,857 |
[
"LIGO",
"founded by",
"Kip S. Thorne"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>LIGO<\e1> and <e2>Kip S. Thorne<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,867 |
[
"LIGO",
"founded by",
"Ronald Drever"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>LIGO<\e1> and <e2>Ronald Drever<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,869 |
[
"LIGO",
"founded by",
"Rainer Weiss"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>LIGO<\e1> and <e2>Rainer Weiss<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,870 |
[
"The Great 78 Project",
"founded by",
"Internet Archive"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Great 78 Project<\e1> and <e2>Internet Archive<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,911 |
[
"The Great 78 Project",
"founded by",
"ARChive of Contemporary Music"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Great 78 Project<\e1> and <e2>ARChive of Contemporary Music<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,913 |
[
"The Great 78 Project",
"founded by",
"George Blood Audio LP"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Great 78 Project<\e1> and <e2>George Blood Audio LP<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,914 |
[
"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
"founded by",
"Hebrew Benevolent Society"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cedars-Sinai Medical Center<\e1> and <e2>Hebrew Benevolent Society<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,958 |
[
"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
"founded by",
"Kaspare Cohn"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cedars-Sinai Medical Center<\e1> and <e2>Kaspare Cohn<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,959 |
[
"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
"founded by",
"Charles Groman"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cedars-Sinai Medical Center<\e1> and <e2>Charles Groman<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,960 |
[
"Naturschutzbund Deutschland",
"founded by",
"Lina Hähnle"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Naturschutzbund Deutschland<\e1> and <e2>Lina Hähnle<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 94,967 |
[
"Mattachine Society",
"founded by",
"Harry Hay"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Mattachine Society<\e1> and <e2>Harry Hay<\e2>.
The Mattachine Society (), founded in 1950, was an early national gay rights organization in the United States, preceded by several covert and open organizations, such as Chicago's Society for Human Rights. Communist and labor activist Harry Hay formed the group with a collection of male friends in Los Angeles to protect and improve the rights of gay men. Branches formed in other cities, and by 1961 the Society had splintered into regional groups.
At the beginning of gay rights protest, news on Cuban prison work camps for homosexuals inspired Mattachine Society to organize protests at the United Nations and the White House in 1965.Name
The Mattachine Society was named by Harry Hay at the suggestion of James Gruber, inspired by a French medieval and renaissance masque group he had studied while preparing a course on the history of popular music for a workers' education project. In a 1976 interview with Jonathan Ned Katz, Hay was asked the origin of the name Mattachine. He mentioned the medieval-Renaissance French Sociétés Joyeuses:Foundation
Harry Hay conceived the idea of a gay activist group in 1948. After signing a petition for Progressive Party presidential candidate Henry A. Wallace, Hay spoke with other gay men at a party about forming a gay support organization for him called "Bachelors for Wallace". Encouraged by the response he received, Hay wrote the organizing principles that night, a document he referred to as "The Call". However, the men who had been interested at the party were less than enthusiastic the following morning. Over the next two years, Hay refined his idea, finally conceiving of an "international... fraternal order" to serve as "a service and welfare organization devoted to the protection and improvement of Society's Androgynous Minority". He planned to call this organization "Bachelors Anonymous" and envisioned it serving a similar function and purpose as Alcoholics Anonymous. Hay met Rudi Gernreich in July 1950. The two became partners, and Hay showed Gernreich The Call. Gernreich, declaring the document "the most dangerous thing [he had] ever read", became an enthusiastic financial supporter of the venture, although he did not lend his name to it (going instead by the initial "R"). Finally on November 11, 1950, Hay, along with Gernreich and friends Dale Jennings and partners Bob Hull and Chuck Rowland, held the first meeting of the Mattachine Society in Los Angeles, under the name Society of Fools. James Gruber and Konrad Stevens joined the Society in April 1951 and they are generally considered to be original members. Also that month the group changed its name to Mattachine Society, a name suggested by Gruber and chosen by Hay, after Medieval French secret societies of masked men who, through their anonymity, were empowered to criticize ruling monarchs with impunity.
As Hay became more involved in his Mattachine work, he correspondingly became more concerned that his orientation would negatively affect the Communist Party, which like most other organizations at the time was anti-homosexual and did not allow gay people to be members. Hay himself approached party leaders and recommended his own expulsion. The party decided to expel him as a "security risk", but declared him a "Lifelong Friend of the People" in recognition of his previous work for the party.Mattachine was originally organized in similar structure to the Communist Party, with cells, oaths of secrecy and five different levels of membership, each of which required greater levels of involvement and commitment. As the organization grew, the levels were expected to subdivide into new cells, creating both the potential for horizontal and vertical growth. The founding members constituted the so-called "Fifth Order" and from the outset remained anonymous. The primary goals of the society were to
|
founded by
| 32,324 | 94,988 |
[
"Mars Society",
"founded by",
"Robert Zubrin"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Mars Society<\e1> and <e2>Robert Zubrin<\e2>.
The Mars Society is a nonprofit organization that advocates for human Mars exploration and colonization. It was founded by Robert Zubrin in 1998 and based on Zubrin's Mars Direct philosophy, which aims to make human mission to Mars as lightweight and feasible as possible. The Mars Society aims to generate interest in the Mars program by garnering support from the public and lobbying. Many Mars Society members and former members are influential in the wider spaceflight community, such as Buzz Aldrin and Elon Musk.
Since its founding, the Mars Society has hosted its annual International Mars Society Convention and operated Mars analog habitats, called the Mars Desert Research Station and the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station. Both of the stations are placed in remote locations and aims to replicate a true Mars mission for research. Crew members in the stations must perform mock extravehicular activities, do research assignments and live on strictly rationed supplies. The organization also hosts university robotics competitions, called the University Rover Challenge and the European Rover Challenge.
|
founded by
| 32,331 | 95,006 |
[
"Sustainable Growth Commission",
"founded by",
"Scottish Government"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Sustainable Growth Commission<\e1> and <e2>Scottish Government<\e2>.
The Sustainable Growth Commission was a Scottish economic commission, founded in 2016 by First Minister Nicola Sturgeon to make recommendations to the Scottish Government on currency and economic policy in an independent Scotland. The Sustainable Growth Commission represents the first major work produced by the SNP on the topic of economy, currency and independence since the 2014 "Scotland's Future" White Paper. In 2018 it published a report on the economy and finances of an independent Scotland, making 50 recommendations. The commission's chairman was economist and former SNP MSP Andrew Wilson.Background
The Sustainable Growth Commission was set up by Nicola Sturgeon in September 2016 after Britain voted to leave the EU, as part of a "new conversation" on Scottish independence. Its remit was to investigate projections about Scotland's economy and public finances, and investigate how they would change if Scotland became an independent country. It made recommendations on how to improve Scotland's finances (both in the aftermath of the 2016 EU referendum and in relation to Scottish independence), how Scotland would transition to a new currency, and assessed how savings that could be made post-independence such as withdrawing the Trident nuclear missile system.
|
founded by
| 32,335 | 95,018 |
[
"Porn Wikileaks",
"owned by",
"GirlsDoPorn"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Porn Wikileaks<\e1> and <e2>GirlsDoPorn<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,039 |
[
"Porn Wikileaks",
"owned by",
"Bang Bros"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Porn Wikileaks<\e1> and <e2>Bang Bros<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,040 |
[
"People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals",
"founded by",
"Ingrid Newkirk"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals<\e1> and <e2>Ingrid Newkirk<\e2>.
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA; ) is an American animal rights nonprofit organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president. PETA reports that PETA entities have more than 9 million members globally.
Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case. The organization opposes factory farming, fur farming, animal testing, and other activities it considers to be exploitation of animals.The organization has come under scrutiny for its controversial campaigns and euthanasia use, the latter of which has resulted in legal action and a response from Virginia lawmakers.History
Ingrid Newkirk
Ingrid Newkirk was born in England in 1949, and raised in Hertfordshire and later New Delhi, India, where her father—a navigational engineer—was stationed. Newkirk, now an atheist, was educated in a convent, the only British girl there. She moved to the United States as a teenager, first studying to become a stockbroker, but after taking some abandoned kittens to an animal shelter in 1969 and being appalled by the conditions that she found there, she chose a career in animal protection instead. She became an animal-protection officer for Montgomery County, Maryland, and then the District of Columbia's first woman poundmaster. By 1976 she was head of the animal disease control division of D.C.'s Commission on Public Health and in 1980 was among those named as "Washingtonians of the Year."
In 1980, after her divorce, she met Alex Pacheco, a political science major at George Washington University. He volunteered at the shelter where she worked, and they fell in love and began living together. Newkirk read Peter Singer's influential book, Animal Liberation (1975), and in March 1980, she persuaded Pacheco to join her in forming People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, at that point just "five people in a basement," as Newkirk described it. They were mostly students and members of the local vegetarian society, but the group included a friend of Pacheco's from the UK, Kim Stallwood, a British activist who went on to become the national organizer of the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection.
|
founded by
| 32,342 | 95,044 |
[
"People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals",
"founded by",
"Alex Pacheco"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals<\e1> and <e2>Alex Pacheco<\e2>.
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA; ) is an American animal rights nonprofit organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president. PETA reports that PETA entities have more than 9 million members globally.
Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case. The organization opposes factory farming, fur farming, animal testing, and other activities it considers to be exploitation of animals.The organization has come under scrutiny for its controversial campaigns and euthanasia use, the latter of which has resulted in legal action and a response from Virginia lawmakers.History
Ingrid Newkirk
Ingrid Newkirk was born in England in 1949, and raised in Hertfordshire and later New Delhi, India, where her father—a navigational engineer—was stationed. Newkirk, now an atheist, was educated in a convent, the only British girl there. She moved to the United States as a teenager, first studying to become a stockbroker, but after taking some abandoned kittens to an animal shelter in 1969 and being appalled by the conditions that she found there, she chose a career in animal protection instead. She became an animal-protection officer for Montgomery County, Maryland, and then the District of Columbia's first woman poundmaster. By 1976 she was head of the animal disease control division of D.C.'s Commission on Public Health and in 1980 was among those named as "Washingtonians of the Year."
In 1980, after her divorce, she met Alex Pacheco, a political science major at George Washington University. He volunteered at the shelter where she worked, and they fell in love and began living together. Newkirk read Peter Singer's influential book, Animal Liberation (1975), and in March 1980, she persuaded Pacheco to join her in forming People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, at that point just "five people in a basement," as Newkirk described it. They were mostly students and members of the local vegetarian society, but the group included a friend of Pacheco's from the UK, Kim Stallwood, a British activist who went on to become the national organizer of the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection.
|
founded by
| 32,342 | 95,046 |
[
"WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence",
"founded by",
"World Health Organization"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence<\e1> and <e2>World Health Organization<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,104 |
[
"WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence",
"founded by",
"Charité"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence<\e1> and <e2>Charité<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,107 |
[
"WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence",
"founded by",
"Robert Koch Institute"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence<\e1> and <e2>Robert Koch Institute<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,108 |
[
"COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund",
"founded by",
"World Health Organization"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund<\e1> and <e2>World Health Organization<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,112 |
[
"COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund",
"owned by",
"World Health Organization"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund<\e1> and <e2>World Health Organization<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,113 |
[
"A Mesa pola Normalización Lingüística",
"founded by",
"Galician Writers Association"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>A Mesa pola Normalización Lingüística<\e1> and <e2>Galician Writers Association<\e2>.
History and campaigns
A Mesa was created after the "Meeting about the current state of linguistic normalization", held in 1986, and attended by the Galician Writers Association, Social and Pedagogical Galician Association, Federation of Cultural Associations and the Galician Language Association. Its first president was Xosé Manuel Sarille.
One of the main, and more successful, campaigns of the association was the SEAT Arosa one. SEAT used the unofficial, deturpated and unpopular toponym "Arosa", instead of the native and official Arousa, to name one of its cars. After much social pressure the car model was renamed SEAT Arousa.
The association also had a long fight with the 1985–2007 mayor of A Coruña, Paco Vázquez, over the lack of use of Galician language in the municipality of A Coruña and over its anti-Galician positions.
Another important event was the campaign in favour of expanding the use of Galician language in the magistrature. Despite being official and the language of the majority of the Galician people, Galician is almost never used in the judicial system.
|
founded by
| 32,369 | 95,117 |
[
"A Mesa pola Normalización Lingüística",
"founded by",
"Galician Association of Language"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>A Mesa pola Normalización Lingüística<\e1> and <e2>Galician Association of Language<\e2>.
History and campaigns
A Mesa was created after the "Meeting about the current state of linguistic normalization", held in 1986, and attended by the Galician Writers Association, Social and Pedagogical Galician Association, Federation of Cultural Associations and the Galician Language Association. Its first president was Xosé Manuel Sarille.
One of the main, and more successful, campaigns of the association was the SEAT Arosa one. SEAT used the unofficial, deturpated and unpopular toponym "Arosa", instead of the native and official Arousa, to name one of its cars. After much social pressure the car model was renamed SEAT Arousa.
The association also had a long fight with the 1985–2007 mayor of A Coruña, Paco Vázquez, over the lack of use of Galician language in the municipality of A Coruña and over its anti-Galician positions.
Another important event was the campaign in favour of expanding the use of Galician language in the magistrature. Despite being official and the language of the majority of the Galician people, Galician is almost never used in the judicial system.
|
founded by
| 32,369 | 95,118 |
[
"2023 Berlin climate neutrality referendum",
"founded by",
"Klimaneustart Berlin"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>2023 Berlin climate neutrality referendum<\e1> and <e2>Klimaneustart Berlin<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,149 |
[
"Everipedia",
"founded by",
"Sam Kazemian"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Everipedia<\e1> and <e2>Sam Kazemian<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,169 |
[
"Everipedia",
"founded by",
"Christian Deciga"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Everipedia<\e1> and <e2>Christian Deciga<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,170 |
[
"Everipedia",
"founded by",
"Theodor Forselius"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Everipedia<\e1> and <e2>Theodor Forselius<\e2>.
History
Everipedia (2014–2022)
Everipedia, a portmantaeu of "Everyone's Encyclopedia", began in December 2014 as a small project of Sam Kazemian and Theodor Forselius in Kazemian's college dormitory room at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).The encyclopedia launched in January 2015 as a fork of Wikipedia. Travis Moore joined the company as a co-founder in the winter of 2015 and Mahbod Moghadam joined as a co-founder in July 2015.The company raised capital and received funding from angel investors. In July 2015, the company got its first seed funding from Mucker Capital and raised close to $130,000 from 201 investors on Wefunder. In October 2015, George Beall was introduced to Everipedia at a presentation in California State University, San Bernardino. After selling his technology start-up Touch Tiles in January 2016, Beall joined the group of co-founders.
In 2016, the site generated most of its revenue from advertisements. The company aims to generate income through ways apart from donations or banners.In January 2017, they had eight full-time workers including two developers. By February 2018, headcount had increased to 15 full-time workers. As of January 2017, they raised $700,000 from angel investors. It was announced on February 8, 2018, that the company raised $30 million in funding headed by Galaxy Digital's EOS.io Ecosystem Fund. In December 2017, Everipedia announced that co-founder of Wikipedia, Larry Sanger, had become the chief information officer of Everipedia. On October 18, 2019, Sanger announced his resignation from this position.The majority of Everipedia's articles were copied from Wikipedia and promotional material about cryptocurrency and can still be accessed on the former domain.
|
founded by
| 32,387 | 95,171 |
[
"Everipedia",
"founded by",
"Travis Moore"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Everipedia<\e1> and <e2>Travis Moore<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,172 |
[
"Everipedia",
"founded by",
"Mahbod Moghadam"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Everipedia<\e1> and <e2>Mahbod Moghadam<\e2>.
History
Everipedia (2014–2022)
Everipedia, a portmantaeu of "Everyone's Encyclopedia", began in December 2014 as a small project of Sam Kazemian and Theodor Forselius in Kazemian's college dormitory room at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).The encyclopedia launched in January 2015 as a fork of Wikipedia. Travis Moore joined the company as a co-founder in the winter of 2015 and Mahbod Moghadam joined as a co-founder in July 2015.The company raised capital and received funding from angel investors. In July 2015, the company got its first seed funding from Mucker Capital and raised close to $130,000 from 201 investors on Wefunder. In October 2015, George Beall was introduced to Everipedia at a presentation in California State University, San Bernardino. After selling his technology start-up Touch Tiles in January 2016, Beall joined the group of co-founders.
In 2016, the site generated most of its revenue from advertisements. The company aims to generate income through ways apart from donations or banners.In January 2017, they had eight full-time workers including two developers. By February 2018, headcount had increased to 15 full-time workers. As of January 2017, they raised $700,000 from angel investors. It was announced on February 8, 2018, that the company raised $30 million in funding headed by Galaxy Digital's EOS.io Ecosystem Fund. In December 2017, Everipedia announced that co-founder of Wikipedia, Larry Sanger, had become the chief information officer of Everipedia. On October 18, 2019, Sanger announced his resignation from this position.The majority of Everipedia's articles were copied from Wikipedia and promotional material about cryptocurrency and can still be accessed on the former domain.
|
founded by
| 32,387 | 95,173 |
[
"Governor Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge",
"owned by",
"Maryland Transportation Authority"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Governor Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge<\e1> and <e2>Maryland Transportation Authority<\e2>.
The Governor Harry W. Nice Memorial/Senator Thomas "Mac" Middleton Bridge, also known as the Potomac River Bridge, is a 1.7-mile (2.7 km), two-lane continuous truss bridge that spans the Potomac River between Newburg in Charles County, Maryland and Dahlgren in King George County, Virginia, United States. It is one of eight toll facilities operated by the Maryland Transportation Authority, and is one of two toll bridges over the Potomac River. The other, the privately owned Oldtown Low Water Toll Bridge, connects Maryland and West Virginia, far upstream. The new Nice Bridge opened to traffic in October 2022. Demolition of the original bridge began on March 21, 2023.
|
owned by
| 32,399 | 95,202 |
[
"Washington National Airport Terminal and South Hangar Line",
"owned by",
"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Washington National Airport Terminal and South Hangar Line<\e1> and <e2>Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,208 |
[
"Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport",
"owned by",
"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport<\e1> and <e2>Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority<\e2>.
Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (IATA: DCA, ICAO: KDCA, FAA LID: DCA), referred to colloquially as National Airport, Reagan, Reagan National, or simply DCA, is an airport in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. It is the smaller of two airports owned by the federal government and operated by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) that serve the Washington metropolitan area around Washington, D.C.; the larger is Dulles International Airport about 25 miles (40 km) to the west in Fairfax and Loudoun counties. The airport is 5 miles (8.0 km) from downtown Washington, D.C.
The airport opened in 1941 and was originally named Washington National Airport. Part of the original terminal is still in use as Terminal 1. A larger second terminal, now known as Terminal 2, opened in 1997. In 1998, Congress passed, and President Bill Clinton signed, a bill renaming it Ronald Reagan National Airport in honor of President Ronald Reagan. MWAA operates the airport with close oversight by the federal government due to its proximity to the national capital.
Long distance flights to and from the airport are limited by a perimeter rule which generally prohibits flights longer than 1,250 statute miles (2,010 km) in any direction nonstop, in an effort to send coast-to-coast and overseas traffic to Dulles International Airport, though there are 40 slot exemptions to this rule. Planes are required to take unusually complicated paths to avoid restricted and prohibited airspace above sensitive landmarks, government buildings, and military installations in and around Washington, D.C., and comply with some of the tightest noise restrictions in the country.Reagan National currently serves 91 nonstop destinations and is a hub for American Airlines. It has no immigration and customs facilities. Therefore, it is used predominantly for domestic flights with the only international flights being to and from those with U.S. Customs and Border Protection preclearance facilities, including major airports in Canada and some destinations in the Caribbean. International passenger flights to and from the Washington metropolitan area typically utilize Washington Dulles International Airport or Baltimore/Washington International Airport.
The airport served 24.5 million passengers in 2022, the most of any of the three airports and a new passenger record for the airport. The airport's main runway is the busiest in the nation.
|
owned by
| 32,400 | 95,212 |
[
"International Society for Krishna Consciousness",
"founded by",
"A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>International Society for Krishna Consciousness<\e1> and <e2>A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada<\e2>.
The International Society for Krishna Consciousness or ISKCON, known colloquially as the Hare Krishna movement or Hare Krishnas, is a Gaudiya Vaishnava Hindu religious organization. ISKCON was founded in 1966 in New York City by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.Its core beliefs are based on Hindu scriptures, particularly the Bhagavad Gita and the Bhagavata Purana. ISKCON is "the largest and, arguably, most important branch" of Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition, which has had adherents in India since the early 16th century and American and European devotees since the early 1900s. ISKCON was formed to spread the practice of Bhakti yoga, the practice of love of God in which those involved (bhaktas) dedicate their thoughts and actions towards pleasing Krishna, whom they consider the Supreme Lord. Its most rapid expansion in membership has been within India and (after the collapse of the Soviet Union) in Russia and other formerly Soviet-aligned states of Eastern Europe.Subsidiaries
Bhaktivedanta Book Trust
Bhaktivedanta Book Trust (BBT) is a nonprofit organization, of ISKCON, and supplies books both to ISKCON and to the book trade in general. BBT is the publisher of books on the Gaudiya Vaishnava. BBT was established in 1972 by A. C. Bhaktivedanta as the publisher for his books and for books by other authors. It also publishes the magazine Back to Godhead in multiple languages. Apart from the BBT's work in publishing, it helps finance the construction and renovation of Krishna temples in the Gaudiya Vaishnava holy places like Vrindavan and Mayapur.
|
founded by
| 32,406 | 95,235 |
[
"Turin Papyrus Map",
"owned by",
"Museo Egizio"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Turin Papyrus Map<\e1> and <e2>Museo Egizio<\e2>.
The Turin Papyrus Map is an ancient Egyptian map, generally considered the oldest surviving map of topographical interest from the ancient world. It is drawn on a papyrus reportedly discovered at Deir el-Medina in Thebes, collected by Bernardino Drovetti (known as Napoleon's Proconsul) in Egypt sometime before 1824 AD and now preserved in Turin's Museo Egizio. The map was drawn about 1150 BC by the well-known Scribe-of-the-Tomb Amennakhte, son of Ipuy. It was prepared for Ramesses IV's quarrying expedition to the Wadi Hammamat in the Eastern Desert, which exposes Precambrian rocks of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. The purpose of the expedition was to obtain blocks of bekhen-stone (metagraywacke sandstone) to be used for statues of the king.
|
owned by
| 32,409 | 95,246 |
[
"Turin Papyrus Map",
"owned by",
"Bernardino Drovetti"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Turin Papyrus Map<\e1> and <e2>Bernardino Drovetti<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,247 |
[
"Costa Serena",
"owned by",
"Carnival Corporation & plc"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Costa Serena<\e1> and <e2>Carnival Corporation & plc<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,290 |
[
"Monticello",
"owned by",
"Thomas Jefferson"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Monticello<\e1> and <e2>Thomas Jefferson<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,324 |
[
"Monticello",
"owned by",
"Jefferson Monroe Levy"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Monticello<\e1> and <e2>Jefferson Monroe Levy<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,326 |
[
"Monticello",
"owned by",
"Thomas Jefferson Foundation"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Monticello<\e1> and <e2>Thomas Jefferson Foundation<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,327 |
[
"Monticello",
"owned by",
"Uriah P. Levy"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Monticello<\e1> and <e2>Uriah P. Levy<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,328 |
[
"Chesapeake and Ohio Canal",
"owned by",
"federal government of the United States"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Chesapeake and Ohio Canal<\e1> and <e2>federal government of the United States<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,342 |
[
"Chesapeake and Ohio Canal",
"owned by",
"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Chesapeake and Ohio Canal<\e1> and <e2>Baltimore and Ohio Railroad<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,344 |
[
"Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design",
"founded by",
"Heinrich Klotz"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design<\e1> and <e2>Heinrich Klotz<\e2>.
History
The university was opened on 15 April 1992 as a reform college in Karlsruhe. Together with the Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe (ZKM) it was founded during the years 1989 to 1992 by Heinrich Klotz. This combination of teaching, research and exhibition institutions corresponds to the self-imposed artistic and pedagogical task of relating the traditional arts to media technology and electronic manufacturing processes.
Classical forms such as painting were only represented with a professorship until 2004. Interdisciplinary work should be promoted by linking artistic, applied and theoretical courses. With bringing together media art, art theory and design Klotz wanted to found an "electronic Bauhaus". Since 1997, the HfG Karlsruhe as well as the ZKM is housed in a listed former ammunition factory.
After the death of Klotz in 1999, Gunter Rambow took over the provisional management of the university. In early 2001, Peter Sloterdijk was appointed rector, which he remained until his retirement in 2015. After a transitional phase under Deputy Rector Volker Albus, Siegfried Zielinski's term of office began in February 2016. In December 2017 according to own information Zilinski asked the Minister of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg for the early termination of his contract. As a reason, he stated that his reform ideas were not enforceable. Since 1 April 2018 Johan F. Hartle has taken over the position of acting Rector at the Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design.
|
founded by
| 32,442 | 95,349 |
[
"British South Africa Company",
"founded by",
"Cecil Rhodes"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>British South Africa Company<\e1> and <e2>Cecil Rhodes<\e2>.
The British South Africa Company (BSAC or BSACo) was chartered in 1889 following the amalgamation of Cecil Rhodes' Central Search Association and the London-based Exploring Company Ltd, which had originally competed to capitalize on the expected mineral wealth of Mashonaland but united because of common economic interests and to secure British government backing. The company received a Royal Charter modelled on that of the British East India Company. Its first directors included The 2nd Duke of Abercorn, Rhodes himself, and the South African financier Alfred Beit. Rhodes hoped BSAC would promote colonisation and economic exploitation across much of south-central Africa, as part of the "Scramble for Africa". However, his main focus was south of the Zambezi, in Mashonaland and the coastal areas to its east, from which he believed the Portuguese could be removed by payment or force, and in the Transvaal, which he hoped would return to British control.It has been suggested that Rhodes' ambition was to create a zone of British commercial and political influence from "Cape to Cairo", but this was far beyond the resources of any commercial company to achieve and would not have given investors the financial returns they expected. The BSAC was created in the expectation that the gold fields of Mashonaland would provide funds for the development of other areas of Central Africa, including the mineral wealth of Katanga. When the expected wealth of Mashonaland did not materialise and Katanga was acquired by the Congo Free State, the company had little money left for significant development after building railways, particularly in areas north of the Zambezi. BSAC regarded its lands north of the Zambezi as territory to be held as cheaply as possible for future, rather than immediate, exploitation.As part of administering Southern Rhodesia until 1923 and Northern Rhodesia until 1924, the BSAC formed what were originally paramilitary forces, but which later included more normal police functions. In addition to the administration of Southern and Northern Rhodesia, the BSAC claimed extensive landholdings and mineral rights in both the Rhodesias and, although its land claims in Southern Rhodesia were nullified in 1918, its land rights in Northern Rhodesia and its mineral rights in Southern Rhodesia had to be bought out in 1924 and 1933 respectively, and its mineral rights in Northern Rhodesia lasted until 1964. The BSAC also created the Rhodesian railway system and owned the railways there until 1947.
|
founded by
| 32,447 | 95,355 |
[
"British South Africa Company",
"founded by",
"Alfred Beit"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>British South Africa Company<\e1> and <e2>Alfred Beit<\e2>.
The British South Africa Company (BSAC or BSACo) was chartered in 1889 following the amalgamation of Cecil Rhodes' Central Search Association and the London-based Exploring Company Ltd, which had originally competed to capitalize on the expected mineral wealth of Mashonaland but united because of common economic interests and to secure British government backing. The company received a Royal Charter modelled on that of the British East India Company. Its first directors included The 2nd Duke of Abercorn, Rhodes himself, and the South African financier Alfred Beit. Rhodes hoped BSAC would promote colonisation and economic exploitation across much of south-central Africa, as part of the "Scramble for Africa". However, his main focus was south of the Zambezi, in Mashonaland and the coastal areas to its east, from which he believed the Portuguese could be removed by payment or force, and in the Transvaal, which he hoped would return to British control.It has been suggested that Rhodes' ambition was to create a zone of British commercial and political influence from "Cape to Cairo", but this was far beyond the resources of any commercial company to achieve and would not have given investors the financial returns they expected. The BSAC was created in the expectation that the gold fields of Mashonaland would provide funds for the development of other areas of Central Africa, including the mineral wealth of Katanga. When the expected wealth of Mashonaland did not materialise and Katanga was acquired by the Congo Free State, the company had little money left for significant development after building railways, particularly in areas north of the Zambezi. BSAC regarded its lands north of the Zambezi as territory to be held as cheaply as possible for future, rather than immediate, exploitation.As part of administering Southern Rhodesia until 1923 and Northern Rhodesia until 1924, the BSAC formed what were originally paramilitary forces, but which later included more normal police functions. In addition to the administration of Southern and Northern Rhodesia, the BSAC claimed extensive landholdings and mineral rights in both the Rhodesias and, although its land claims in Southern Rhodesia were nullified in 1918, its land rights in Northern Rhodesia and its mineral rights in Southern Rhodesia had to be bought out in 1924 and 1933 respectively, and its mineral rights in Northern Rhodesia lasted until 1964. The BSAC also created the Rhodesian railway system and owned the railways there until 1947.
|
founded by
| 32,447 | 95,356 |
[
"Proud Boys",
"founded by",
"Gavin McInnes"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Proud Boys<\e1> and <e2>Gavin McInnes<\e2>.
The Proud Boys is an exclusively male North American far-right neo-fascist organization that promotes and engages in political violence. The group's leaders have been convicted of violently opposing the US government, including the constitutionally prescribed transfer of presidential power. It has been called a street gang and was designated as a terrorist group in Canada and New Zealand. The Proud Boys are known for their opposition to left-wing and progressive groups and for their support for former U.S. President Donald Trump.The group originated in the far-right Taki's Magazine in 2016 under the leadership of Vice Media co-founder and former commentator Gavin McInnes, taking its name from the song "Proud of Your Boy" from the 2011 Disney musical Aladdin. Although the Proud Boys initially emerged as part of the alt-right, McInnes distanced himself from this movement in early 2017, saying the Proud Boys were alt-lite while the alt-right's focus was on race. Donald Trump's comment, "Proud Boys, stand back and stand by," during the October 2020 presidential debate, was credited with greatly increasing interest and recruitment. After the remark caused an outcry for its seeming endorsement, Trump condemned the Proud Boys while saying he did not "know much about" them.According to the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism, the group believes men and Western culture are under siege, using "Western chauvinism" as euphemism for the White genocide conspiracy theory. Members have participated in overtly racist events and events centered around fascist, anti-left, and anti-socialist violence. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) has called the group an "alt-right fight club" and a hate group that uses rhetorical devices to obscure its motives. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) described the Proud Boys as "extremist conservative" and "alt lite", "overtly Islamophobic and misogynistic", "transphobic and anti-immigration", "all too willing to embrace racists, antisemites and bigots of all kinds", and notes the group's promotion and use of violence as a core tactic.The group has been banned from numerous social networks, including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. In February 2021, the United States Justice Department announced the indictment of members for conspiracy related to the 2021 United States Capitol attack, and the Canadian arm of the group folded after being designated a terrorist organization.Gender and sexuality
Women and trans men are not allowed to join the Proud Boys, and the unnamed president of Proud Boys L.A. told the Los Angeles Times the group admits only "biological men".Leadership
Gavin McInnes founded the group and served as its leader. After the designation of a number of Proud Boys members as extremists with ties to white nationalism, McInnes said that his lawyers had advised him that quitting might help the nine Proud Boys members being prosecuted for the incidents in October. During the announcement he defended the group, attacked the reporting about it, said white nationalists do not exist, and at times he said things that made it appear he was not quitting, such as "this is 100% a legal gesture, and it is 100% about alleviating sentencing, [it was a] stepping down gesture, in quotation marks."As of November 2018, the group named its leaders as Enrique Tarrio, designated as chairman, and the "Elder Chapter", which consists of Harry Fox, Heath Hair, Patrick William Roberts, Joshua Hall, Timothy Kelly, Luke Rofhling and Rufio Panman (real name Ethan Nordean). Jason Lee Van Dyke, who was the organization's lawyer at the time, had been briefly named as chairman to replace McInnes when he left, but the organization announced on November 30 that Van Dyke was no longer associated with the group in any capacity, although his law firm still holds Proud Boys trademarks and is the registered agent for two of the group's chapters.
Although McInnes had earlier said that any Proud Boy member who was known to have attended the Unite the Right rally was kicked out of the organization, the new chairman Tarrio admitted to having attended the event, but "he had misgivings about the torchlight march and did not participate in it."In November 2020, Kyle "Based Stickman" Chapman said he would "reassume [his] post as President of the Proud Boys", though it is not evident that Chapman has ever been president of the group. He also announced that the group, which denies being a racist or white supremacist organization, would take on an explicitly white supremacist direction, and that he intended to refocus the organization on the issues of "white genocide" and the "failures of multiculturalism". He also announced that he would change the logo and rename the group to the "Proud Goys", a term used among the far-right to signal antisemitism. The attempted coup is not believed to have been successful, and the Proud Goys name has not been adopted outside of Chapman's social media.Evidence of further disarray within the leadership of the Proud Boys emerged in February 2021, in the aftermath of the 2021 United States Capitol attack and the many arrests of Proud Boys that followed. The Alabama state chapter issued a statement saying, "We do not recognize the assumed authority of any national Proud Boy leadership including the Chairman, the Elders, or any subsequent governing body that is formed to replace them until such a time we may choose to consent to join those bodies of government." The state chapters of Indiana and Oklahoma endorsed the Alabama statement.
|
founded by
| 32,449 | 95,359 |
[
"Aston Martin F1 Team",
"owned by",
"Lawrence Stroll"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Aston Martin F1 Team<\e1> and <e2>Lawrence Stroll<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,373 |
[
"Truth Social",
"founded by",
"Donald Trump"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Truth Social<\e1> and <e2>Donald Trump<\e2>.
Truth Social (stylized as TRUTH Social) is an alt-tech social media platform created by Trump Media & Technology Group, an American media and technology company founded in October 2021 by former US president Donald Trump. It has been called a Twitter clone that competes with Parler, Gab and Mastodon in trying to provide an alternative to Twitter and Facebook.The service was launched on February 21, 2022. Since mid-2022, Truth Social has been facing financial and regulatory issues. The application was initially not available on Google Play because of violations of Google policies prohibiting content with physical threats and incitement to violence, but was approved for Google Play in October 2022 after agreeing to enforce policies against incitement.As of March 6, 2023, it was ranked number 101 in Apple's App Store rankings for social media apps, and SimilarWeb ranked its website as number 203 in their "News & Media Publishers" category, behind Gab at number 154, but ahead of Parler at number 1,052. Trump estimated in an April 2023 personal financial disclosure that the site's value ranged from $5 million to $25 million.
|
founded by
| 32,455 | 95,379 |
[
"Truth Social",
"owned by",
"Trump Media & Technology Group"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Truth Social<\e1> and <e2>Trump Media & Technology Group<\e2>.
Truth Social (stylized as TRUTH Social) is an alt-tech social media platform created by Trump Media & Technology Group, an American media and technology company founded in October 2021 by former US president Donald Trump. It has been called a Twitter clone that competes with Parler, Gab and Mastodon in trying to provide an alternative to Twitter and Facebook.The service was launched on February 21, 2022. Since mid-2022, Truth Social has been facing financial and regulatory issues. The application was initially not available on Google Play because of violations of Google policies prohibiting content with physical threats and incitement to violence, but was approved for Google Play in October 2022 after agreeing to enforce policies against incitement.As of March 6, 2023, it was ranked number 101 in Apple's App Store rankings for social media apps, and SimilarWeb ranked its website as number 203 in their "News & Media Publishers" category, behind Gab at number 154, but ahead of Parler at number 1,052. Trump estimated in an April 2023 personal financial disclosure that the site's value ranged from $5 million to $25 million.Inception
According to Reuters, two members of the cast of Trump's TV show The Apprentice, Wes Moss and Andy Litinsky, were "central" to the founding of Truth Social's parent company, the Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), having allegedly pitched the idea of a social network to Trump in January 2021.Platform
Personnel
Truth Social is run by Trump Media & Technology Group, and headed by Devin Nunes. In 2022, Talking Points Memo stated Nunes' remuneration was $750,000 per year. Other senior employees included chief of technology Josh Adams and chief of product development Billy Boozer, who both subsequently left the company.The company's headquarters are in Sarasota, Florida. It was reported to have about 40 employees in March 2022.
|
owned by
| 32,457 | 95,381 |
[
"Smith special counsel investigation",
"founded by",
"Merrick Garland"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Smith special counsel investigation<\e1> and <e2>Merrick Garland<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,400 |
[
"National Archives Building",
"owned by",
"General Services Administration"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>National Archives Building<\e1> and <e2>General Services Administration<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,443 |
[
"The Beverly Hills Hotel",
"owned by",
"Dorchester Collection"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Beverly Hills Hotel<\e1> and <e2>Dorchester Collection<\e2>.
The Beverly Hills Hotel, also called the Beverly Hills Hotel and Bungalows, is located on Sunset Boulevard in Beverly Hills, California. One of the world's best-known hotels, it is closely associated with Hollywood film stars, rock stars, and celebrities. The hotel has 210 guest rooms and suites and 23 bungalows and the exterior bears the hotel's signature pink and green colors.
The Beverly Hills Hotel was established in May 1912, before the city itself was incorporated. The original owners were Margaret J. Anderson, a wealthy widow, and her son, Stanley S. Anderson, who had been managing the Hollywood Hotel. The original hotel was designed by Pasadena architect Elmer Grey in the Mediterranean Revival style. From 1928 to 1932, the hotel was owned by the Interstate Company. In 1941, Hernando Courtright, the vice president of the Bank of America, purchased the hotel with friends including Irene Dunne, Loretta Young, and Harry Warner. Courtright established the Polo Lounge, which is considered to be one of the premier dining spots in Los Angeles, hosting entertainers ranging from the Rat Pack to Humphrey Bogart and Marlene Dietrich. The hotel was first painted its famous pink color during a 1948 renovation to match that period's country club style. The following year, architect Paul Williams added the Crescent Wing.
The strict resident owner of the Beverly Hills Hotel from 1958 until his death in 1979 was former Detroit real estate magnate Ben L. Silberstein. In 1986, Marvin Davis bought the hotel from Silberstein's sons-in-law Burt Slatkin and Ivan F. Boesky. On December 30, 1992, the hotel closed for a complete restoration, reopening on June 3, 1995. Since 1996, it has been run as part of the Dorchester Collection owned by the Sultan of Brunei. In 2012, the hotel was named the first historic landmark in Beverly Hills, and two new Presidential Bungalows were added.
The song "Hotel California" by the American rock band the Eagles is slightly based on the folklore behind the hotel. The cover of the band's album of the same name features a photo of the hotel itself.
|
owned by
| 32,481 | 95,458 |
[
"Hispano-Suiza",
"founded by",
"Marc Birkigt"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Hispano-Suiza<\e1> and <e2>Marc Birkigt<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,473 |
[
"Hispano-Suiza",
"founded by",
"Damià Mateu Bisa"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Hispano-Suiza<\e1> and <e2>Damià Mateu Bisa<\e2>.
Hispano-Suiza (Spanish for 'Spanish-Swiss') is a Spanish automotive–engineering company. It was founded in 1904 by Marc Birkigt and Damian Mateu as an automobile manufacturer and eventually had several factories in Spain and France that produced luxury cars, aircraft engines, trucks and weapons. In 1923, its French luxury car arm became a semi-autonomous partnership with the Spanish parent company. In 1946, the Spanish parent company sold all of its Spanish automotive assets to Enasa, a Spanish state-owned vehicle manufacturer, and the French arm continued as an independent aviation engine and components manufacturer under the Hispano-Suiza name. In 1968, Hispano-Suiza was taken over by the aerospace company Snecma, which is now part of the French Safran Group. An attempt to relaunch the marque was made by the company Hispano Suiza Cars associated with the Peralada Group (owned by the Suqué Mateu family) in 2019 with a fully-electric car.
|
founded by
| 32,484 | 95,478 |
[
"Volkswagen",
"founded by",
"Carlos D Volweides"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Volkswagen<\e1> and <e2>Carlos D Volweides<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,502 |
[
"Chloé",
"founded by",
"Gaby Aghion"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Chloé<\e1> and <e2>Gaby Aghion<\e2>.
History
Chloé was founded in 1952 by Egyptian-born Gaby Aghion, who sought to offer luxury prêt-à-porter (ready-to-wear)—a concept new at that time. Gaby Aghion and her partner Jacques Lenoir continued to run the house until 1985, when Chloé was bought by Alfred Dunhill Ltd. (now part of Richemont).Timeline
1952: Chloé is founded by Gaby Aghion, a Parisian of Egyptian-Jewish origin. She and her partner, Jacques Lenoir, were among the first to become aware of the rising demand for collections that could merge the strict requirements of haute couture and those of ready-to-wear.
1956: The first collection is introduced at Le Café de Flore, one of their favorite cafes and the meeting place of artists in Paris. The collection was designed by Gaby Aghion and made by a first assistant at Lelong. Gaby Aghion and Jacques Lenoir start hiring young talented designers, who would eventually make a name of their own: Christiana Bailly, Michèle Rosier, Maxime de la Falaise, Graziella Fontana, Tan Giudicelli, Guy Paulin, Carlos Rodriguez.
1966: Karl Lagerfeld is the main designer and Chloé becomes one of the symbolic brands of the 1970s. Among its customers : Jackie Kennedy, Brigitte Bardot, Maria Callas and Grace Kelly.
1971: The first Chloé boutique opens at the 3 rue Gribeauval in Paris.
1985: The company is acquired by the Richemont group.
1980s: Chloé keeps working with promising and eventually famous artistic directors: Martine Sitbon in 1988, Karl Lagerfeld in 1992.
1997: Stella McCartney brings in a new direction, feminine, romantic and impertinent.
2001: Phoebe Philo adds a personal and sensual touch. Kirsten Dunst, Natalie Portman, and Lou Doillon become customers.
2002: Chloé launches a line of bags, small leather goods and shoes.
2008: After close collaboration with the brand for the launch of the fragrance, Hannah MacGibbon is named artistic director.
2009: MacGibbon introduces her first collection in March at the Spring-Summer 2009 runway. She cited the fashion illustrations of Antonio Lopez as an inspiration. American actress, former model and fashion designer Chloë Sevigny becomes a spokesperson for the company.
2010: Geoffroy de la Bourdonnaye becomes CEO and chairman Ralph Toledano
2011: MacGibbon is replaced by former Pringle of Scotland Designer Clare Waight Keller.
2012: Chloé starts sponsorship of the annual Prix Chloé at the Festival de Mode de Hyères
2017: Clare Waight Keller is replaced by Natacha Ramsay-Levi as creative director of Chloé
2020: Natacha Ramsay-Levi announces she will leave Chloé in December 2020, with Gabriela Hearst announced as her replacement
2023: Chloé collaborates with Angelina Jolie's newly launched fashion brand, Atelier Jolie
|
founded by
| 32,505 | 95,566 |
[
"Institutional economics",
"founded by",
"Thorstein Veblen"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Institutional economics<\e1> and <e2>Thorstein Veblen<\e2>.
Wesley Mitchell
Wesley Clair Mitchell (1874–1948) was an American economist known for his empirical work on business cycles and for guiding the National Bureau of Economic Research in its first decades. Mitchell's teachers included economists Thorstein Veblen and J. L. Laughlin and philosopher John Dewey.Clarence Ayres
Clarence Ayres (1891–1972) was the principal thinker of what some have called the Texas school of institutional economics. Ayres developed on the ideas of Thorstein Veblen with a dichotomy of "technology" and "institutions" to separate the inventive from the inherited aspects of economic structures. He claimed that technology was always one step ahead of the socio-cultural institutions.
Ayres was heavily influenced by the philosophy of John Dewey. Dewey and Ayres both utilized the instrumental theory of value to analyze problems and propose solutions. According to this theory, something has value if it enhances or furthers the life process of mankind. Therefore, this should become the criterion to be utilized in determining the future courses of action.
It can be argued that Ayres was not an "institutionalist" in any normal sense of the term, since he identified institutions with sentiments and superstition and in consequence institutions only played a kind of residual role in this theory of development which core center was that of technology. Ayres was under strong influence of Hegel and institutions for Ayres had the same function as "Schein" (with the connotation of deception, and illusion) for Hegel. A more appropriate name for Ayres' position would be that of a "techno-behaviorist" rather than an institutionalist.
|
founded by
| 32,508 | 95,573 |
[
"Stop Bloody Energy",
"founded by",
"Naftogaz"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Stop Bloody Energy<\e1> and <e2>Naftogaz<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,577 |
[
"Stop Bloody Energy",
"founded by",
"DTEK"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Stop Bloody Energy<\e1> and <e2>DTEK<\e2>.
Stop Bloody Energy project is a global initiative of Ukrainian energy companies aimed at refusing to buy Russian energy resources and cooperating with Russia in the energy sector due to its war against Ukraine. The project was launched by Rinat Akhmetov's private company DTEK and the state-owned companies Naftogaz and Ukrenergo.
|
founded by
| 32,510 | 95,578 |
[
"Stop Bloody Energy",
"founded by",
"National Power Company Ukrenergo"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Stop Bloody Energy<\e1> and <e2>National Power Company Ukrenergo<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,579 |
[
"Spain and the World",
"founded by",
"Marie Louise Berneri"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Spain and the World<\e1> and <e2>Marie Louise Berneri<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,622 |
[
"Spain and the World",
"founded by",
"Vernon Richards"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Spain and the World<\e1> and <e2>Vernon Richards<\e2>.
Spain and the World is the name of an anarchist publication initiated in response to the Spanish Civil War and the struggles of the CNT-FAI carrying analysis of events as they unfolded. In Britain, the Freedom Paper had begun to peter-out. Thomas Keell had attempted to close the paper down as a reflection of the poor state of the British anarchist movement. Though there was a brief dispute which resulted in two rival 'Freedoms', both had run their course by the early 1930s. The fortnightly publication, Spain and the World had been started by Francesco Galasso and Vernon Richards in 1936 to compete with News Chronicle and New Statesman who were supportive of Soviet policy in Spain. "After the first issue, Spain and the World became a Freedom Press publication, with Tom Keell and Lilian Wolfe" according to Rooum. The paper would go on to revive the fortunes of the Freedom paper with input from important activists like Marie-Louise Berneri and Frank Leech.
Briefly, Spain and the World would become Revolt!, and then finally War Commentary in 1939 before returning to the publication of the Freedom Paper.
|
founded by
| 32,521 | 95,623 |
[
"Adolf Hitler Fund of German Trade and Industry",
"founded by",
"Reichsstand der Deutschen Industrie"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Adolf Hitler Fund of German Trade and Industry<\e1> and <e2>Reichsstand der Deutschen Industrie<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,647 |
[
"Lama Foundation",
"founded by",
"Nooruddeen Durkee"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Lama Foundation<\e1> and <e2>Nooruddeen Durkee<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,650 |
[
"Peniscola Castle",
"owned by",
"Knights Templar"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Peniscola Castle<\e1> and <e2>Knights Templar<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,671 |
[
"The Fellowship (Christian organization)",
"founded by",
"Abraham Vereide"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>The Fellowship (Christian organization)<\e1> and <e2>Abraham Vereide<\e2>.
The Fellowship (incorporated as Fellowship Foundation and DBA the International Foundation), also known as The Family, is a U.S.-based nonprofit religious and political organization founded in April 1935 by Abraham Vereide. The stated purpose of The Fellowship is to provide a fellowship forum where decision makers can attend Bible studies, attend prayer meetings, worship God, experience spiritual affirmation and receive support.The Fellowship has been described as one of the most politically well-connected and one of the most secretly funded ministries in the United States. It shuns publicity and its members share a vow of secrecy. The Fellowship's former leader, the late Douglas Coe, and others have justified the organization's desire for secrecy by citing biblical admonitions against public displays of good works, insisting that they would not be able to tackle diplomatically sensitive missions if they drew public attention.The Fellowship holds one regular public event each year, the National Prayer Breakfast, which is in Washington, D.C. Every sitting United States president since Dwight D. Eisenhower has participated in at least one National Prayer Breakfast during his term.The group's known participants include ranking United States government officials, corporate executives, heads of religious and humanitarian aid organizations, and ambassadors and high-ranking politicians from across the world. Many United States senators and congressmen have publicly acknowledged working with the Fellowship or are documented as having worked together to pass or influence legislation.Doug Burleigh is a key figure in the organization and has taken over organizing the National Prayer Breakfast since the death of his father-in-law, Doug Coe. Prior to that, he had a leadership role in the organization and had spoken at the Russian prayer breakfast. The current president of the organization (starting in 2017) is Katherine Crane.In Newsweek, Lisa Miller wrote that rather than calling themselves "Christians", as they describe themselves, they are brought together by common love for the teachings of Jesus and that all approaches to "loving Jesus" are acceptable.
|
founded by
| 32,546 | 95,729 |
[
"Dominican Order",
"founded by",
"Saint Dominic"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Dominican Order<\e1> and <e2>Saint Dominic<\e2>.
Foundation
The Dominican Order came into being in the Middle Ages at a time when men of God were no longer expected to stay behind the walls of a cloister. Instead, they travelled among the people, taking as their examples the apostles of the primitive Church. Out of this ideal emerged two orders of mendicant friars: one, the Friars Minor, was led by Francis of Assisi; the other, the Friars Preachers, by Dominic of Guzman. Like his contemporary, Francis, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century of existence confirms that conditions were favorable for the growth of the orders of mendicant friars. The Dominicans and other mendicant orders may have been an adaptation to the rise of the profit economy in medieval Europe.Dominic sought to establish a new kind of order, one that would bring the dedication and systematic education of the older monastic orders like the Benedictines to bear on the religious problems of the burgeoning population of cities, but with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy. The Order of Preachers was founded in response to a then perceived need for informed preaching. Dominic's new order was to be trained to preach in the vernacular languages.
Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both active in preaching, and contemplative in study, prayer and meditation. The brethren of the Dominican Order were urban and learned, as well as contemplative and mystical in their spirituality. While these traits affected the women of the order, the nuns especially absorbed the latter characteristics and made those characteristics their own. In England, the Dominican nuns blended these elements with the defining characteristics of English Dominican spirituality and created a spirituality and collective personality that set them apart.Dominican convent established
Dominic became the spiritual father to several Albigensian women he had reconciled to the faith, and in 1206 he established them in a convent in Prouille, near Toulouse. This convent would become the foundation of the Dominican nuns, thus making the Dominican nuns older than the Dominican friars. Diego sanctioned the building of a monastery for girls whose parents had sent them to the care of the Albigensians because their families were too poor to fulfill their basic needs. The monastery in Prouille would later become Dominic's headquarters for his missionary effort. After two years on the mission field, Diego died while traveling back to Spain.History
Dominic founded the Dominican Order in 1215. Dominic established a religious community in Toulouse in 1214, to be governed by the rule of Saint Augustine and statutes to govern the life of the friars, including the Primitive Constitution. The founding documents establish that the order was founded for two purposes: preaching and the salvation of souls.Henri-Dominique Lacordaire noted that the statutes had similarities with the constitutions of the Premonstratensians, indicating that Dominic had drawn inspiration from the reform of Prémontré.Middle Ages
In July 1215, with the approbation of Bishop Foulques of Toulouse, Dominic ordered his followers into an institutional life. Its purpose was revolutionary in the pastoral ministry of the Catholic Church. These priests were organized and well trained in religious studies. Dominic needed a framework—a rule—to organize these components. The Rule of Saint Augustine was an obvious choice for the Dominican Order, according to Dominic's successor Jordan of Saxony, in the Libellus de principiis, because it lent itself to the "salvation of souls through preaching". By this choice, however, the Dominican brothers designated themselves not monks, but canons regular. They could practice ministry and common life while existing in individual poverty.The Order of Preachers was approved in December 1216 and January 1217 by Pope Honorius III in the papal bulls Religiosam vitam and Nos attendentes. On January 21, 1217, Honorius issued the bull Gratiarum omnium recognizing Dominic's followers as an order dedicated to study and universally authorized to preach, a power formerly reserved to local episcopal authorization.Along with charity, the other concept that most defines the work and spirituality of the order is study, the method most used by the Dominicans in working to defend the Church against the perils it faced. In Dominic's thinking, it was impossible for men to preach what they did not or could not understand. On August 15, 1217, Dominic dispatched seven of his followers to the great university center of Paris to establish a priory focused on study and preaching. The Convent of St. Jacques would eventually become the order's first studium generale. Dominic was to establish similar foundations at other university towns of the day, Bologna in 1218, Palencia and Montpellier in 1220, and Oxford just before his death in 1221. The women of the order also established schools for the children of the local gentry.In the revival movement France held a foremost place, owing to the reputation and convincing power of the orator, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire (1802–1861). He took the habit of a Friar Preacher at Rome (1839), and the province of France was canonically erected in 1850. From this province were detached the province of Lyon, called Occitania (1862), that of Toulouse (1869), and that of Canada (1909). The French restoration likewise furnished many laborers to other provinces, to assist in their organization and progress. From it came the master general who remained longest at the head of the administration during the 19th century, Père Vincent Jandel (1850–1872). Here should be mentioned the province of Saint Joseph in the United States. Founded in 1805 by Edward Fenwick (1768–1832), afterwards first Bishop of Cincinnati, Ohio (1821–1832). In 1905, it established the Dominican House of Studies in Washington, D.C.,.
The province of France has produced many preachers. The conferences of Notre-Dame-de-Paris were inaugurated by Père Lacordaire. The Dominicans of the province of France furnished Lacordaire (1835–1836, 1843–1851), Jacques Monsabré, and Joseph Ollivier. The pulpit of Notre Dame has been occupied by a succession of Dominicans. Père Henri Didon (1840–1900) was a Dominican. The house of studies of the province of France publishes L'Année Dominicaine (founded 1859), La Revue des Sciences Philosophiques et Theologiques (1907), and La Revue de la Jeunesse (1909). French Dominicans founded and administer the École Biblique et Archéologique française de Jérusalem founded in 1890 by Marie-Joseph Lagrange (1855–1938), one of the leading international centres for biblical research. It is at the École Biblique that the famed Jerusalem Bible (both editions) was prepared. Likewise Cardinal Yves Congar was a product of the French province of the Order of Preachers.
Doctrinal development has had an important place in the restoration of the Preachers. Several institutions, besides those already mentioned, played important parts. Such is the Biblical school at Jerusalem, open to the religious of the order and to secular clerics, which publishes the Revue Biblique. The Pontificium Collegium Internationale Angelicum, the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) established in Rome in 1908 by Master Hyacinth Cormier, opened its doors to regulars and seculars for the study of the sacred sciences. In addition to the reviews above are the Revue Thomiste, founded by Père Thomas Coconnier (d. 1908), and the Analecta Ordinis Prædicatorum (1893). Among numerous writers of the order in this period are: Cardinals Thomas Zigliara (d. 1893) and Zephirin González (d. 1894), two esteemed philosophers; Alberto Guillelmotti (d. 1893), historian of the Pontifical Navy, and historian Heinrich Denifle (d. 1905).During the Reformation, many of the convents of Dominican nuns were forced to close. One which managed to survive, and afterwards founded many new houses, was St Ursula's in Augsburg. In the seventeenth century, convents of Dominican women were often asked by their bishops to undertake apostolic work, particularly educating girls and visiting the sick. St Ursula's returned to an enclosed life in the eighteenth century, but in the nineteenth century, after Napoleon had closed many European convents, King Louis I of Bavaria in 1828 restored the Religious Orders of women in his realm, provided that the nuns undertook some active work useful to the State (usually teaching or nursing). In 1877, Bishop Ricards in South Africa requested that Augsburg send a group of nuns to start a teaching mission in King Williamstown. From this mission were founded many Third Order Regular congregations of Dominican sisters, with their own constitutions, though still following the Rule of Saint Augustine and affiliated to the Dominican Order. These include the Dominican Sisters of Oakford, KwazuluNatal (1881), the Dominican Missionary Sisters, Zimbabwe, (1890) and the Dominican Sisters of Newcastle, KwazuluNatal (1891).The Dominican Order has influenced the formation of other Orders outside of the Roman Catholic Church, such as the Anglican Order of Preachers which is a Dominican Order within the worldwide Anglican Communion. Since not all members are obliged to take solemn or simple vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, it operates more like a third order with a third order style structure, with no contemporary or canonical ties to the historical order founded by Dominic of Guzman.
|
founded by
| 32,549 | 95,742 |
[
"Cost Plus Drugs",
"founded by",
"Alex Oshmyansky"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cost Plus Drugs<\e1> and <e2>Alex Oshmyansky<\e2>.
Origins and concept
The company was launched in January 2022. It was co-founded by radiologist Alexander Oshmyansky and Mark Cuban. According to Cuban, in 2018, Oshmyansky contacted Cuban with an email entitled "cold pitch" in which he asked Cuban to invest in a pharmacy he envisioned to manufacture generic drugs and skip the middleman wholesalers. The company claims that the intermediary layer of the pharmacy benefit managers is typically responsible for the heavy markup that drugs see between the manufacturers and the customers. The company uses Truepill Pharmacy's accredited pharmacists to fill prescriptions. Prices are direct to consumer, without any need or role for insurance.
|
founded by
| 32,551 | 95,753 |
[
"Surratt House Museum",
"owned by",
"Mary Surratt"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Surratt House Museum<\e1> and <e2>Mary Surratt<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,807 |
[
"Surratt House Museum",
"owned by",
"Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Surratt House Museum<\e1> and <e2>Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<\e2>.
Museum
The house was confiscated by the federal government after Mary Surratt's conviction. It was later sold, and was privately owned until 1965. In 1939, when owned by Mrs. Ella Curtin, the structure suffered light damage in a fire.On February 24, 1965, the Surratt House was donated to the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC) by B. K. Miller, a longtime Clinton merchant, and his son, Thomas V. Miller. The plan at the time was to move the house to the Clinton Regional Park (now Louise F. Cosca Regional Park), but that did not happen. In 1968, the M-NCPPC paid roughly $76,000 to purchase a 1 acre (0.40 ha) plot of land beneath the house. The following year, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development provided the M-NCPPC a $38,115 grant to help pay for the land purchase.The Surratt House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The house was restored by the M-NCPPC, and the restoration completed on October 2, 1975.Citizens interested in Mary Surratt formed the Surratt Society in 1975. The Surrattsville tavern and house are a historical site run today by the Surratt Society. It is devoted to mid-19th century Maryland life and the Abraham Lincoln assassination, especially to conspiracy theories surrounding the Lincoln assassination which tend to exonerate Mrs. Surratt. Some of the furniture and decorative artworks in the house are originals owned by Mary Surratt. The James O. Hall Research Center is located there.A modern private home next to the Surratt House was acquired by the M-NCPCC, and serves as a gift shop, research center, and offices.
|
owned by
| 32,565 | 95,816 |
[
"Mary E. Surratt Boarding House",
"owned by",
"Mary Surratt"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Mary E. Surratt Boarding House<\e1> and <e2>Mary Surratt<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,818 |
[
"International Phonetic Association",
"founded by",
"Paul Passy"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>International Phonetic Association<\e1> and <e2>Paul Passy<\e2>.
Early history
In 1886, a small group of language teachers in Paris formed an association to encourage the use of phonetic notation in schools to help children acquire realistic pronunciations of foreign languages and also to aid in teaching reading to young children. The group, led by Paul Passy, called itself initially Dhi Fonètik Tîtcerz' Asóciécon (the FTA). In January 1889, the name of the Association was changed to L'Association Phonétique des Professeurs de Langues Vivantes (AP), and, in 1897, to L'Association Phonétique Internationale (API)—in English, the International Phonetic Association (IPA). The IPA's early peak of membership and influence in education circles was around 1914, when there were 1751 members in 40 countries. World War I and its aftermath severely disrupted the Association's activities, and the Journal did not resume regular publication until 1922.
|
founded by
| 32,573 | 95,855 |
[
"Cistercians",
"founded by",
"Alberic of Cîteaux"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cistercians<\e1> and <e2>Alberic of Cîteaux<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,867 |
[
"Cistercians",
"founded by",
"Robert of Molesme"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cistercians<\e1> and <e2>Robert of Molesme<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,868 |
[
"Cistercians",
"founded by",
"Stephen Harding"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Cistercians<\e1> and <e2>Stephen Harding<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,869 |
[
"Sturmey-Archer",
"founded by",
"Henry Sturmey"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Sturmey-Archer<\e1> and <e2>Henry Sturmey<\e2>.
Sturmey-Archer was a manufacturing company originally from Nottingham, England. It primarily produced bicycle hub gears, brakes and a great many other sundry bicycle components, most prominently during its heyday as a subsidiary of the Raleigh Bicycle Company. In the past, it also manufactured motorcycle hubs, gearboxes and engines.
The company was founded in 1902 by Henry Sturmey and James Archer under the guidance of Frank Bowden, the primary owner of Raleigh. In 2000, the assets and trademarks of Sturmey-Archer were sold to Sun Race of Taiwan which was renamed Sun Race Sturmey-Archer Inc. and production moved to Taiwan.
|
founded by
| 32,585 | 95,924 |
[
"Kissinger Associates",
"founded by",
"Henry Kissinger"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Kissinger Associates<\e1> and <e2>Henry Kissinger<\e2>.
Kissinger Associates, Inc. is a New York City-based international geopolitical consulting firm, founded and run by Henry Kissinger since 1982. The firm assists its clients in identifying strategic partners and investment opportunities and advising them on government relations.History
The firm was founded in 1982 by Henry Kissinger. In 1999 Mack McLarty joined Kissinger to expand the firm and its New York headquarters to open Kissinger McLarty Associates, with the firm's Washington office on 18th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. McLarty was White House Chief of Staff under Bill Clinton. Kissinger McLarty is a corporate member of the Council of the Americas, the New York-based business organization established by David Rockefeller in 1965. As of January 2008, the two firms have separated after just under a decade and McLarty Associates, headed by Mack McLarty, is an independent firm based in Washington.Kissinger Associates was located for nearly 40 years at 350 Park Avenue at 51st Street, in a building formerly also occupied by Peter Peterson's Blackstone Group. It was established in July 1982 after loans had been secured from Goldman Sachs and a consortium of three other banks. These loans were repaid in two years; by 1987 annual revenues had reached $5 million.Kissinger Associates doesn’t disclose its clients under U.S. lobbying laws. The firm once threatened to sue Congress to resist a subpoena for its client list. It has in the past advised American Express, Anheuser-Busch, Coca-Cola, Daewoo, Midland Bank, H. J. Heinz, ITT Corporation, LM Ericsson, Fiat, and Volvo. But the firm does belong to the U.S.–Russia Business Council, a trade group that includes ExxonMobil, JPMorgan Chase, and Pfizer.
|
founded by
| 32,588 | 95,927 |
[
"Kissinger Associates",
"founded by",
"Brent Scowcroft"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Kissinger Associates<\e1> and <e2>Brent Scowcroft<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,930 |
[
"Wild West shows",
"founded by",
"Buffalo Bill"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Wild West shows<\e1> and <e2>Buffalo Bill<\e2>.
|
founded by
| 32,091 | 95,932 |
[
"Bank of Credit and Commerce International",
"founded by",
"Agha Hasan Abedi"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Bank of Credit and Commerce International<\e1> and <e2>Agha Hasan Abedi<\e2>.
The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) was an international bank founded in 1972 by Agha Hasan Abedi, a Pakistani financier. The bank was registered in Luxembourg with head offices in Karachi and London. A decade after opening, BCCI had over 400 branches in 78 countries and assets in excess of US$20 billion, making it the seventh largest private bank in the world.BCCI came under the scrutiny of financial regulators and intelligence agencies in the 1980s, due to concerns that it was poorly regulated. Subsequent investigations revealed that it was involved in massive money laundering and other financial crimes, and had illegally gained the controlling interest in a major American bank. BCCI became the focus of a massive regulatory battle in 1991, and, on 5 July of that year, customs and bank regulators in seven countries raided and locked down records of its branch offices during Operation C-Chase.Investigators in the United States and the UK determined that BCCI had been "set up deliberately to avoid centralized regulatory review, and operated extensively in bank secrecy jurisdictions. Its affairs were extraordinarily complex. Its officers were sophisticated international bankers whose apparent objective was to keep their affairs secret, to commit fraud on a massive scale, and to avoid detection".The liquidators, Deloitte & Touche, filed a lawsuit against the bank's auditors, Price Waterhouse and Ernst & Young, which was settled for $175 million in 1998. By 2013, Deloitte & Touche claimed to have recovered about 75% of the creditors' lost money.BCCI continues to be cited as a lesson to be heeded by leading figures in the world of finance and banking. In March 2023, the United States' Acting Comptroller of the Currency Michael J. Hsu stated that "there are strong parallels between FTX and the Bank of Credit and Commerce International – better known in bank regulatory circles as BCCI – which failed in 1991 and led to significant changes in how global banks are supervised."
|
founded by
| 32,594 | 95,945 |
[
"Olana State Historic Site",
"owned by",
"Louis P. Church"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Olana State Historic Site<\e1> and <e2>Louis P. Church<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,981 |
[
"Santa Maria sopra Minerva",
"owned by",
"Dominican Order"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Santa Maria sopra Minerva<\e1> and <e2>Dominican Order<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 95,988 |
[
"Solntsevskaya Bratva",
"founded by",
"Sergei Mikhailov"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Solntsevskaya Bratva<\e1> and <e2>Sergei Mikhailov<\e2>.
Rise to power
The Solntsevskaya gang was founded in the late 1980s by Sergei Mikhailov, a former waiter who had served a prison term for fraud. Based in the Solntsevo District of Moscow, the gang recruited local unemployed, aggressive young men as foot soldiers and also made use of thief in law Dzhemal Khachidze to enhance their reputation amongst established criminals. The Solntsevo District was also strategically located near the M3 highway leading to Ukraine, the MKAD, Moscow's ring road, as well as the Vnukovo International Airport. Controlling these transport hubs allowed the Solntsevo group to muscle in on the car import business. But by the early 1990s, the Solntsevo's dominance was challenged by the Chechen mafia. Together with the Orekhovskaya gang and other Slavic mobs, the Solntsevo made an alliance to drive the Chechens out. The gang war claimed many casualties, such as a gun battle at the Kazakhstan Cinema where six Chechens and four Russians were killed. After the Soviet Union collapsed, the gang utilized the chaos to empower themselves by establishing relationships with politicians. They were now able to influence the Russian state for their own benefit. They also bought several legitimate businesses to launder their money including banks, casinos, and even the Vnukovo airport. The gang was at one point linked to criminal mastermind Semion Mogilevich, through whom they laundered money. But a 1995 party at a Prague hotel, attended by Mikhailov as well as Uzbek drug trafficker Gafur Rakhimov, was raided by Czech police who received information that they were planning to kill Mogilevich there following a dispute. Mogilevich himself was nowhere to be found, having received advance information about both groups' intentions.By the end of the 1990s, the Solntsevskaya gang started moving into the banking sector, a move which enabled them to launder their money as well as get closer to the oligarchs.
|
founded by
| 32,617 | 96,024 |
[
"Acorn Park",
"owned by",
"Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Acorn Park<\e1> and <e2>Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 96,040 |
[
"New World Pictures",
"owned by",
"News Corporation"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>New World Pictures<\e1> and <e2>News Corporation<\e2>.
|
owned by
| 32,091 | 96,090 |
[
"New World Pictures",
"founded by",
"Roger Corman"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>New World Pictures<\e1> and <e2>Roger Corman<\e2>.
New World Pictures (also known as New World Entertainment and New World Communications Group, Inc.) was an American independent production, distribution, and (in its final years as an autonomous entity) multimedia company. It was founded in 1970 by Roger Corman and Gene Corman as New World Pictures, Ltd., a producer and distributor of motion pictures, eventually expanding into television production in 1984. New World eventually expanded into broadcasting with the acquisition of seven television stations in 1993, with the broadcasting unit expanding through additional purchases made during 1994.
20th Century Fox (then owned by News Corporation), controlled by Rupert Murdoch, became a major investor in 1994 and purchased the company outright in 1997; the alliance with Murdoch, particularly through a group affiliation agreement with New World reached between the two companies in May 1994, helped to cement the Fox network as the fourth major U.S. television network.
Although effectively defunct, it continues to exist as holding companies within the Fox Corporation corporate structure along with various regional subsidiaries (e.g. "New World Communications of Tampa").
|
founded by
| 32,638 | 96,092 |
[
"New World Pictures",
"founded by",
"Gene Corman"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>New World Pictures<\e1> and <e2>Gene Corman<\e2>.
New World Pictures (also known as New World Entertainment and New World Communications Group, Inc.) was an American independent production, distribution, and (in its final years as an autonomous entity) multimedia company. It was founded in 1970 by Roger Corman and Gene Corman as New World Pictures, Ltd., a producer and distributor of motion pictures, eventually expanding into television production in 1984. New World eventually expanded into broadcasting with the acquisition of seven television stations in 1993, with the broadcasting unit expanding through additional purchases made during 1994.
20th Century Fox (then owned by News Corporation), controlled by Rupert Murdoch, became a major investor in 1994 and purchased the company outright in 1997; the alliance with Murdoch, particularly through a group affiliation agreement with New World reached between the two companies in May 1994, helped to cement the Fox network as the fourth major U.S. television network.
Although effectively defunct, it continues to exist as holding companies within the Fox Corporation corporate structure along with various regional subsidiaries (e.g. "New World Communications of Tampa").
|
founded by
| 32,638 | 96,098 |
[
"Irvine Company",
"founded by",
"James Harvey Irvine, Sr."
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Irvine Company<\e1> and <e2>James Harvey Irvine, Sr.<\e2>.
The Irvine Company LLC is an American private company focused on real estate development. It is headquartered in Newport Beach, California, with a large portion of its operations centered in and around Irvine, California, a planned city of more than 300,000 people mainly designed by the Irvine Company. The company was founded by the Irvine family and is currently wholly owned by Donald Bren.
Since the company is private, its financials are not released to the public. However, Bren is the wealthiest real estate developer in the United States with a net worth of $15.3 billion as of April 2021.
|
founded by
| 32,643 | 96,105 |
[
"Australian National Airways (1930)",
"founded by",
"Charles Ulm"
] |
Find the relation between <e1>Australian National Airways (1930)<\e1> and <e2>Charles Ulm<\e2>.
Australian National Airways, Ltd. (ANA) was a short-lived Australian airline, founded on 3 January 1929 by Charles Kingsford Smith and Charles Ulm.ANA began scheduled services on 1 January 1930. It owned five Avro 618 Tens, that were British license-built versions of Kingsford Smith and Ulm's famous Fokker VII/3m Southern Cross, which also flew as an ANA aircraft although was not owned by it.
The company operated a regular passenger and airmail service between Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne that was in January 1931 extended to Launceston and Hobart in Tasmania. Unable to obtain a formal mail subsidy, the deepening Great Depression saw revenues fall, a situation that worsened after the crash of VH-UMF Southern Cloud in the Australian Alps between Sydney and Melbourne on 21 March 1931. ANA ceased scheduled services at the end of June 1931, although it continued to operate joy flights mostly around New South Wales, and offered pilot training services with a fleet of small aircraft.Late in 1931 ANA attempted to open an Australia-England airmail service with a special Christmas airmail flight that was interrupted by the crash of VH-UNA Southern Sun in Malaya. After lengthy efforts to interest the Australian Government in subsidising a regular Australia-UK airmail service failed, ANA went into voluntary liquidation in April 1933, and its remaining assets were sold off.
|
founded by
| 32,651 | 96,130 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.