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Further development of cultural-humanitarian cooperation between Ukraine and Japan greatly contribute to the strengthening of bilateral relations.
In 2018 the Embassy of Ukraine in Japan and Ukrainian community representatives took part in various international cultural festivals such as “Global Citizen Festa 2018 in Odawara” (Odawara, Kanagawa prefecture, 25th of February); “Minato City World Carnival” (Tokyo, 25th of March) and “Global Festa Japan 2018” in the framework of the GUAM countries stand (Tokyo, 29th of September). During the course of the aforementioned festivals, exhibitions of Ukrainian traditional art, mini lectures on history and culture of Ukraine, as well as familiarization and tasting of Ukrainian cuisine and performances by Ukrainian ensembles took place.
On the occasion of the 27th anniversary of Ukraine’s independence a photo exhibition dedicated to Ukraine took place in the “World Trade Center Building” business center in Tokyo (26th of September - 30th of October). The exhibition introduced popular tourist attractions, historical landmarks, landscapes, traditional wares and national cuisine of our country.
The Embassy of Ukraine in Japan in cooperation with Minato city administration, Ukrainian and Japanese singers and artists, Ukrainian community in Japan “Krayany” and Ukrainian school in Tokyo “Dzhereltse” held “Ukraine Week” from November 21st until 30th at Akasaka Civil Center in Tokyo. In the framework of the aforementioned event there were held an exhibition of Ukrainian art, which presented Ukrainian ceramics, Petrykivka painting, traditional rag dolls, pysankas, as well as paintings of Ukrainian sceneries; presentation about Ukraine; screening of the short film “Dyakuyu”; traditional rag dolls and Ukrainian embroidery workshops, as well as concert of Ukrainian-Japanese friendship with the participation of Ukrainian bandura musician and opera singer O.Stepanyuk, pianist R.Kabata, violinist C.Sawada and opera singer M.Tanaka, who were joined by performers of Ukrainian school in Tokyo “Dzhereltse”.
With the goal of preparation to the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games a series of events were carried out within the framework of the “Cultural Olympics”.
In the framework of Ukraine’s participation in the project “Imagine One World Kimono” Japanese kimono with Ukrainian motives was created in order to be exhibited during the course of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. In this context, Ambassador of Ukraine to Japan visited the workshop of M.Ota - artist of Ukrainian kimono - in Kanazawa (Ishikawa Prefecture) in November this year. On December 23rd, the Japanese kimono with Ukrainian design was presented in Tokyo. The spouse of Ambassador of Ukraine Mrs. Mariia Kharchenko attended reception on the occasion of the Birthday of the Emperor of Japan held at the Imperial Palace wearing the kimono.
The Embassy of Ukraine provided assistance to the organizers of the “Paralym Art” World Cup - the contest for artists with disabilities- with the goal of including the representatives of Ukraine as participants. One of the winners - H.Barezueta from Peru, was awarded by the Embassy of Ukraine for his work “Máscara de la Diablada” (27th of August).
Ukraine-Japan art exchange received further development this year.
From February 2nd until May 20th an exhibition devoted to the Okiagari Koboshi “Kawai” project was held in the Meiji University, during which results of the project founder T.Kenzo’s activities in Ukraine were presented.
The Embassy of Ukraine in Japan held presentation of manga paintings of the Ukrainian military by Japanese artist Natsume (14th of March), as well as joint exhibition of Ukrainian artist Z.Skoropadenko and Japanese artist from Fukushima T.Suzuki "Chernobyl and Fukushima Landscapes and Flowers” (22nd of March - 30th of October).
An exhibition of guernica prepared by Ukrainian children from Slavutych as well as demonstration of Japanese Okiagari Koboshi dolls was held in Hiroshima within the framework of “ Peace & Art & Music” project (2nd - 6th of August). The Ambassador of Ukraine to Japan took part in the opening ceremony of the project.
With the assistance of the Embassy of Ukraine in Japan an exhibition of Japanese artist K.Sato “Hold on, Fukushima!” was held at the cultural center of the Fukushima Prefecture.
On the 18th of October, “Fashion Experiment 01” - event aimed at popularization of Ukrainian fashion - was held in Tokyo by “Ukraine Fashion Week”.
On 7-9 of December the “Exhibition to support victims of Great East Japan Earthquake” with participation of Ukrainian artist Z.Skoropadenko was held in Soma city, Fukushima Prefecture.
On 3rd of March, “Aoyama Music Award” ceremony was held in Kyoto with the participation of the Ambassador of Ukraine to Japan. One of the winners of the contest was Ukrainian pianist O.Hryniuk.
Tours of Ukrainian ensembles and visits of cultural activists to Japan were carried out.
The Embassy of Ukraine supported tours of Ukraine National Opera and Ballet Theatre in Japan, concert of tenors and baritones “SONG’s” with participation of Ukrainian opera singer E.Kapitula in Iwama (Tottori prefecture) on the 29th of July, joint concerts of famous Ukrainian violinist O.Krysa and Japanese violinist C.Sawada in Tokyo on 16th of June and 1st of September, “The 7th National Classical Ballet Competition in Hirakata” held in Osaka Prefecture on the 8th of August, as well as series of cultural and artistic events with participation of Ukrainian bandurists O.Stepaniuk and N.Hudziy.
Cooperation in the sphere of education has been intensified.
On 21st of March, with assistance and active participation of the Embassy of Ukraine in Japan the Agreement on cooperation and student exchange was signed between the Odesa National University of I.I.Mechnickov and the Toyama University of International Studies. The student exchange based on this agreement has begun in October of 2018.
The visit of the Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine Dr. L.Hrynevych to Japan took place from 6th to 9th of October 2018. During the visit the Minister participated in the ”Science and Technology in Society Forum” (Kyoto), visited Hiyoshidai Elementary School (Yokohama) and held meeting with newly appointed Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan H.E. M.Shibayama.
The Embassy of Ukraine in Japan carried out a series of educational events and exhibitions regarding historical and modern background of Ukraine.
In cooperation with the Faculty of Economics of the Kobe Gakuin University, the Embassy organized and held international conference “Ukraine: Challenges and Achievements” on 25th of October 2018. The participants of the conference, including students and professors of the Kobe Gakuin University as well as representatives of Ukrainian community of Kansai region, had the opportunity to listen to reports of experienced international experts and diplomats, including professor of the Kobe Gakuin University Y.Okabe, former Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan K.Hamada, former Ambassadors of Japan to Ukraine K.Amae and Y.Kurokawa. The panelists acknowledged that Ukraine faces an enormous challenge of implementation of internal reforms aimed at transition from communist to democratic system, especially against the backdrop of armed aggression by the Russian Federation, which is unprecedented in modern history. At the same time, they noted that despite all the difficulties, in recent years Ukraine has achieved certain results in this direction.
The Embassy conducted exhibitions devoted to: Heavenly Hundred Heroes (Tokyo, 26-28th of March 2018); Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Ukraine (Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 25th of October - 26th of November 2018), and The Revolution of Dignity (Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 26th of October - 26th of November 2018).
An important event in Ukraine-Japan cultural life is a mutual rewarding of cultural activists and diplomats with the government awards.
In 2018 the Order of the Rising Sun was accorded to the first Ambassador of Ukraine to Japan M.Dashkevich (1995-1999) for personal contribution to development of bilateral Ukrainian-Japanese relations, as well as to General Director and artistic director of Shevchenko State Opera and Ballet Theatre P.Chupryna for considerable contribution to cooperation between Japan and Ukraine.
From the Ukrainian side, Ambassador of Japan to Ukraine S.Sumi was awarded with the Order of Merit of the second class for the considerable contribution to Ukrainian-Japanese relations. | https://japan.mfa.gov.ua/en/ukraine-japan/culture |
My academic research focuses on the intellectual and cultural history of modern Japan from a transnational and non-state perspective. I am particularly interested in the concept of nature, the issue of translation, and the place of culture in politics. Before returning to academia in 2014, I spent several years working in business in Japan.
Whilst I strive to contribute to knowledge-making in the specialised subdivision of modern Japanese history, I believe it is equally important to be able to relate to and engage with research projects that come from other academic disciplines and that deal with other geographical areas and historical time so that my research will have a global significance and much wider implications for human activities. It is my objective to use history of Japan to contribute in a unique way to the emerging field of global and transnational history.
By focussing on the thought and various practices of Kunikida Doppo (1871-1908), arguably the most celebrated Japanese literary figure in the early twentieth century, my thesis gives a unique insight into the dynamics of politics and culture. Whilst formal political institutions are generally believed to be the vehicle of historical developments and the arena where historical changes were made, curiously, at the turn of the twentieth century in Japan, a great many people began to pursue the betterment of society and mankind in the realm of culture and thought outside the apparatuses of the state. Ultimately, this research joins the recent scholarly effort to effect the seismic shift in the focus of the historical narrative in the non-Western world from the singular unifying historical narrative based on the historical experience of the West to the diversity and multitude of global historical experiences.
My forthcoming article, 'Survive to be Critical: The Wartime Graphic as a "masquerading" media in the Russo-Japanese War, 1904-05', will be published in War in History.
The following organisations have generously supported my doctorate research: the British Association for Japanese Studies, Japan Student Services Organization, the Sasakawa Fund (Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford), and the Sasakawa Studentship (Nissan Institute, University of Oxford). | https://www.history.ox.ac.uk/people/yu-sakai |
Katagami are Japanese stencils that were originally used for applying patterns to kimono cloth.
The stencils were created by drilling, punching and cutting detailed and intricate designs into mulberry paper. This was done by hand by skilled Japanese craftsmen before the end of the nineteenth century.
The katagami stencils were originally produced simply as tools; they were part of the process of dyeing indigo designs onto clothing ranging, from everyday worker’s garments to the finest silk kimonos. More recently the katagami have come to be appreciated as remarkable and beautiful objects in their own right.
The designs on the stencils amount to more than decoration. They have great significance within Japanese culture. They might evoke a season or express wishes for longevity and good fortune. In some cases they make reference to an entire folk story.
MoDA’s project, Katagami in Practice, Japanese Stencils in the Art School did not focus on the history and significance of katagami within Japanese culture. But you can find more information on this in a booklet published by ULITA, available from our online shop.
Posted in #Katagami by Zoe Hendon on September 6th, 2016. | https://moda.mdx.ac.uk/2016/09/06/what-are-katagami/ |
Rebecca Copeland, professor of Japanese language and literature in Arts & Sciences at Washington College in St. Louis, is a nationally recognized scholar of contemporary Japanese literature, a translator of up to date Japanese novels, and, now, a novelist herself.
Copeland is creator of “The Kimono Tattoo,” a thriller set in Kyoto that transports readers to well-known temples, little-known alleys and even its zoo. The novel’s American protagonist, a failed tutorial working as a translator in Japan, is pissed off along with her work and haunted by her previous when she is given the provide to translate a brand new novel by a long-forgotten author.
On this Q&A, Copeland talks about her new novel, her work as a translator and tutorial, and the way in which that the Western publishing trade orientalizes Japanese crime fiction.
What impressed you to put in writing this novel?
I’ve all the time loved mysteries that take you to different locations. Sujata Massey’s Rei Shimura tales take us to Japan; Qiu Xiaolong’s Inspector Chen sequence to China. I discovered Nicole Mones’ “A Cup of Mild” and Kazuo Ishiguro’s “When We Have been Orphans,” each additionally set in China, mesmerizing for the way in which they open new landscapes with their writing and transport us throughout oceans and eras.
We journey, we be taught and we sleuth as we learn. I made a decision to attempt my hand at a thriller set in Kyoto. I began writing in 2012 throughout the summers and ultimately I discovered my approach to “The Kimono Tattoo.”
You additionally gather kimonos. What fascinates you in regards to the kimono as a cultural object?
My private expertise with kimono goes again to my youth and my first classes in Japanese dance. I needed to put on kimono to each lesson, and the dance trainer required that I learn to take care of the garment, too. That’s how I realized to put on kimono. Is it unusual to say “realized to put on”?
In “The Kimono Tattoo,” I attempt to dispel the misunderstanding of the kimono as confining. Even in Japan, and positively overseas, folks usually consider the kimono as such a restrictive, formulaic garment. But it surely was customary put on for hundreds of years in Japan, and women and men lived very pleased energetic lives in kimono!
As I crafted scenes within the novel that concerned kimono, I attempted to provide readers a way of the garment’s richness. One’s selection of kimono alerts an individual’s standing, gender, occupation and age. The way in which you put on your kimono, the knot of the obi sash, the looseness of the collar, the colours and materials you select present hints to your character and sense of style.
You’re a frequent translator of Japanese fiction in addition to a researcher and, now, novelist. What sorts of concepts can you discover in writing fiction you could’t discover in your analysis?
Fiction permits me one other approach to current Japan to readers. Earlier than writing “The Kimono Tattoo,” I experimented with a form of hybrid strategy to tutorial prose. For instance, the introduction to “Diva Nation,” the anthology of essays I co-edited with Laura Miller, eschewed the standard define/overview that you’ve with such a group. As an alternative, we produced an impressionistic, nearly dramatic recitation of the methods we have now interacted with the diva all through our careers. We achieved the identical goals of introducing our matter, however in a way more energetic approach.
How does writing a novel change your perspective on the work of translation?
It’s made a world of distinction. I’ve a a lot stronger admiration for the authors I translate and the work they put into their fiction! I additionally really feel much more in awe of profitable translations. I discover them very practically magical.
When a translator strikes upon simply the proper phrase or phrase to move the essence of a textual content from one linguistic system to a different, it’s a second akin to pure alchemy — mysterious and inexplicable. I’ve discovered the identical is true for inventive writing. As I write, I see scenes play throughout the display of my creativeness — attempting to breed that cinematic second on paper is akin to translation.
You’ve written earlier than in regards to the tendency of promoters and publishers of Japanese novels in English to ‘orientalize’ their supplies. Why is orientalization of Japanese fiction and authors so prevalent, and the way does your writing fight these stereotypes?
Years in the past, the creator Kirino Natsuo, then recognized for her hard-boiled mysteries, complained to me in regards to the cowl artwork for her novel “OUT.” The Italian translation pictured a geisha-esque lady with white-painted face. However the novel featured middle-aged housewives who ran a clandestine physique disposal operation! The duvet had no reference to the story itself. It solely aimed to commerce on the cheesiest of stereotypes.
However this advertising scheme was not solely visited on Kirino’s works. I started to note that the majority e book covers for translations of Japanese writers, significantly ladies writers, targeted on the Asian feminine physique. Many supplied close-ups of the attention, and solely the attention, in an oddly disfiguring approach. Entrepreneurs clearly wish to spotlight the Asian-ness of the creator, hoping to draw readership to the promise of one thing “unique.” Within the course of, they use the feminine Asian physique in a approach that dehumanizes and sexualizes it on the identical time. Even worse, the author herself is usually writing towards this very form of exploitation.
Loads of covers capitalize on the kimono to recommend the seductive and tawdry. My novel describes a kimono that has a storied previous, that could be haunted or cursed, however for probably the most half, the novel additionally presents the kimono as a splendidly versatile, playful, accommodating garment of clothes that women and men put on no matter age or nationality.
You’ve one other e book out as properly, “Yamamba: In Search of the Japanese Mountain Witch.” What’s that assortment about? How does your fiction relate to your analysis?
The star of this assortment is the yamamba, and it’s laborious to discover a determine extra compelling. Each demon and god, she’s a feminine drive akin to nature itself. Usually translated as “mountain witch,” the yamamba is a infamous shapeshifter. You by no means fairly know the place she’s going to flip up subsequent or in what type. She’s monstrous and cannibalistic in some historical tales, nurturing and protecting in others. Within the mid-Twentieth century, the yamamba loved one more incarnation within the arms of Japanese ladies writers who reclaimed her as a feminist icon fearless within the face of all who would silence robust, unbiased, inventive ladies. | https://findnews.com/washington-people-rebecca-copeland-the-source/ |
Whether it's your first time here or your hundredth, you'll find that Kyoto is full of little-known locales. I'm an American expat living in Kyoto. Come explore the city with me!
By Abby Smith
Originally from California, I came to work in Japan in 2013. A lover of languages and shady spots along the Kamo Riverbank, I have been living in Kyoto since 2016. To this day, this thousand year-old city continues to surprise me--there's always something new to discover hiding in plain sight.
Kyoto’s Nishijin district is well-known for its textiles, many of which are turned into exquisite kimono. To better get to know these traditions, I visited the Orinasu-kan Museum of Hand-Weaving for a better look at these fabrics, and the master weavers at the Watabun workshop next door. I also visited Tondaya, a traditional Nishijin home in which visitors can try on the authentic kimono of the Tanaka family, kimono wholesalers and custodians of the home for thirteen generations.
For many, the image of Kyoto is captured in the soft rustle of silk at the ankles of a maiko, an apprentice geisha, as she hurries down a Gion sidestreet. In the Nishijin district, the most distinct Kyoto sound may not be the rustle of silk so much as rhythmic clacking of looms.
That sound is particularly crisp and clear here in the weaving room at Watabun weavers’ workshop.
“See here?” Mr. Murai, a master weaver here, points through the taut white strings of his loom. “That’s where the right side of the fabric comes out.” A strip of white and gold fabric glimmers up from below, its edge just visible.
Located in the northwestern part of central Kyoto, Nishijin is known as Kyoto’s textile district, and the source of many of its spectacular kimono and other woven silk products.
To demonstrate his technique, Mr. Murai sits down at his loom–or nearly, inside it: the wooden structure towers over our heads to the ceiling, sending down great loops of string like a suspension bridge. Deftly, he adds several rows of shimmering thread, the wooden slats of the machine clacking above him.
Mr. Murai and the other artisan weavers here are all extraordinary craftspeople. Many of the garments they create are replicas of antique garments with brilliant colors and exceptionally complex designs. Producing such works requires at least ten years of study (the craftsmen here each have twenty to fifty years of experience), but the weavers themselves are not the only ones involved in the production process: there are artisans for each task involved with the work here, from those at the rear of the workroom spinning dazzling thread, to the workers whose primary job is to loop the silk threads through the loom.
A selection of the artisans’ obi (kimono sashes) adorn a display room beside the workshop. Each piece can take anywhere from two weeks to one month to complete.
The Orinasu-kan Museum of Hand-Weaving stands adjacent to the weavers’ workshop, a testament to the long history of textile craftsmanship in Nishijin. Built in 1936, the Orinasu-kan served as both a home and shop for the obi maker, Watabun himself, for many years. The Orinasu-kan building continues to serve as a museum, with various themed exhibitions, including traditional Noh theater costumes, extraordinary fabric bolts from across the country, and exquisite antique kimono.
Visitors to the Orinasu-kan can view these exhibitions, and even enjoy a cup of tea with a sweet in the building’s former living quarters while looking out on the home garden. Be sure to bring along socks for your visit to the museum, though–like many Japanese dwellings, you’ll need to remove your shoes before entering.
With a reservation (made ten days to two weeks in advance, for three or more people), visitors can also tour the Watabun weavers’ workshop next door, and try weaving in the Nishijin tradition for themselves on a simpler version of looms used by the artisans here. Just be sure to make an inquiry in advance: unlike the Orinasu-kan Museum, the adjoining Watabun weavers’ workshop operates as an independent business, and is not open for public viewing at all times.
Not far from the Orinasu-kan, and down another unassuming street is Tondaya, a traditional wooden machiya townhouse that dates to 1885. You’ll find no weavers here, but silks and Nishijin culture aplenty.
Unusual by today’s standards, Tondaya has served as the base of operations for the Tanaka family of kimono wholesalers for generations. Currently, its custodian is the elegant Mineko Tanaka, an expert in the cultural graces of kimono dressing, tea ceremony, _ikebana _flower arrangement, and traditional life in Nishijin. Under her stewardship, Tondaya has been registered as a National Cultural Treasure, and operates today as a “Nishijin Lifestyle Museum.”
Wrapping a silk kimono from her family’s collection around a guest, Ms. Tanaka carries herself with both the elegance and serenity of her post, as well as the exactitude befitting her years as a teacher. “It’s easy, you see?” she says, “You can be dressed in a kimono in five minutes. Most importantly, everything here is the real thing. It’s authentic.” Looking around, it’s hard not to agree as she tuts at the idea of polyester pieces.
The glass in this main room looking out on the garden is 130 years old, as evidenced by its delicate warping, as though water were running over it. Were it to break, no craftsman would be able to return it to its original appearance.
Ms. Tanaka explains that she’d like Tondaya to be a place where people can gain a greater understanding of the traditional Japanese way of life. For the residents of such houses, she says, this way of life was centered around three points. She raises a finger for each: a hope or dream (negai), prayer (inori), and thankfulness (kansha). “Originally, living in a machiya meant to live side by side with gods of the home. This is really the root of the Japanese heart,” she explains. The home was a spiritual place.
Hidden by its narrow exterior, Tondaya includes tea rooms, a Noh theater, three gardens, and three storerooms, each a wonder of historical secrets. In a guided tour of the machiya, guests can discover not only beautiful pieces like a great table inlaid with serpentine mother-of-pearl dragons, or a burst of gold powder that dimly lights the boards along the ceiling, but stories like that of the third storehouse, which has been left unopened for years. The reason? This room, too, is the domain of a god of the house.
And in the rest of the house? Tondaya is kept lively with its own seasonal, traditional events throughout the year, and with lessons in tea ceremony, ikebana flower arrangement, kimono dressing, and other traditional arts. After thirteen generations in this Kyoto home, the hostesses here are well-equipped to share the Nishijin lifestyle with their guests. | https://kyoto.travel/tr/journal/kyotos-historical-weaving-district |
Cultural Vistas and the Japan Exchange and Teaching Program (JET) Alumni Association of Washington, D.C. hosted a reception celebrating the long and enduring bonds of friendship between the United States and Japan at its Washington, D.C. office on May 29 during the 2019 NAFSA Annual Conference.
Guests arrived to a Japanese koto player playing in traditional kimono to take part in Japanese Kit-Kat and sake tastings at booths manned by knowledgeable volunteers serving six (SIX!) varieties of sake. Other activities included wishing trees, two interactive Japanese maps, and a door prize raffle to win a bottle of Yamazaki 12-year whiskey. Japanese beer and sushi was also served.
Very special thanks to our sponsors of the event:
- Sachiko Kuno Foundation
- Sushiko
- Hakutsuru Sake
- Japan America Society
- JET Alumni Association of Washington, DC (JETAADC)
See our favorite shots from the event below, courtesy of photographer and vistan—Bryan Yannantuono. Click on any image to view the gallery in full size. | https://culturalvistas.org/articles/photo-galleries/japan-exchange-sushi-sake-hour/ |
Broome students embrace Japanese culture
A group of St Mary’s College students immersed themselves in Japanese culture and history after taking part in an annual cultural exchange program last month.
Staff and students travelled to Taiji, Broome’s sister town, for 13 days during the April school holidays and stayed with host families.
Now in its ninth year, the cultural program was established after SMC was chosen by Taiji’s mayor and the principal of the local school to engage in the initiative in 2007.
In that time, more than 100 students from both towns have participated in the program.
During a meeting with the students, Mayor Kazutaka Sangen spoke about how the two towns mutually benefited from each other through the pearling industry in Broome, and continued to keep the bond through the exchange.
Before visiting Taiji, the group enjoyed some cultural treasures of Japan in Kobe, Kyoto and Hiroshima including visiting historical and sacred temples and shrines, the memorial peace park in Hiroshima and visited some animate centres.
A highlight was walking the streets of the famous Gion district in the ancient capital of Kyoto clad in the kimono traditional dress.
SMC exchange co-ordinator Anthea Demin said once they arrived in Taiji town, the students took their responsibilities as ambassadors seriously, from bonding with their host families, to attending school and engaging with kindergarten students, and being guests of Mr Sangen and the town council.
During the trip, the students were also privileged to meet with family members of pearl divers who worked in Broome in the 1950s and 1960s.
Ms Demin said the meetings proved memorable for three girls in particular, Abier, Rose and Ruby Hamaguchi, who met with their grand-aunt in the nearby town of Takeshiba.
Looking back on their memorable trip, Ms Demin said the students made the most of the opportunities available to them.
“They fully appreciated and built on the existing historical relationships of the two towns and took their roles as young ambassadors seriously in the way they engaged, embraced and respected the Japanese culture and the history of this region,” she said.
Get the latest news from thewest.com.au in your inbox. | https://thewest.com.au/news/kimberley/broome-students-embrace-japanese-culture-ng-ya-105588 |
Keeping Up with the Kimono Time
Everyone says, "Tokyo has changed." In many ways, it has. But in an equal number of ways, it has retained its intrinsic traditions and culture. This feeling of old meets new is evident in all aspects of life here, including in the realms of cuisine, architecture, business, and fashion.
Perhaps one of the most obvious and quintessentially Japanese examples of how the city--and the country, no less--has kept its essence alive is in the fact that we still see kimono on the streets, not to mention on the catwalks. Naturally, as everyday style has modernized, this form of attire is not as prevalent as it once was. It is also perhaps looked upon by the youth as out of date and difficult to wear, taking hours to put on for the unaccustomed.
But deep down, whether they are young or old, and whether they will openly admit it or not, all Japanese love and respect their history and deep culture. So instead of simply giving in to the hurdles of integrating the past into contemporary lifestyles, Tokyo is bustling with creative minds continuously coming up with ways to let the two worlds meet. Two people in particular are working hard to inspire a fresh generation of kimono and yukata wearers. Writer, illustrator, and kimono bancho (boss) Matsuda Megumi and designer for a bespoke kimono tailor Hiramatsu Gen may have different backgrounds and skills, but they are both dedicated to changing the way people view and wear the traditional garment of Japan.
Growing up, Matsuda says, she enjoyed ukiyo-e (woodblock print art) but was not too aware of other Japanese cultural traditions. After traveling abroad to study as a teen, she realized that her foreign friends often took the time to learn more about Japan and its traditions than she did. So she began to observe, look, and listen, and immerse herself in cultural activities such as kabuki, shamisen (a traditional Japanese stringed instrument) and rakugo (a traditional Japanese art of storytelling). Around that time, she explains, there was a boom in vintage shops and she found herself quickly collecting a variety of different kimono of various colors, patterns, and fabrics. Using her skill as an illustrator and combining her love of manga and pop culture, she began creating drawings that show how to wear and accessorize kimono in a more edgy or kawaii (cute) fashion. She gathered the illustrations and knowledge into a book called Kimono Bancho, and people started calling her kimono bancho.
Hiramatsu, by contrast, has been working his way up within a traditional Japanese company that has been tailor-making kimonos for over 100 years. While the main clientele of the tailor has historically been largely female, in 2012 they noticed an increase in male customers, so they decided to launch a store selling a special collection for men. Located right next to Kanda Myojin Shrine, one of Tokyo's oldest and most important shrines, designated to watch over 108 neighborhoods in central Tokyo, including Nihonbashi, Akihabara, and Marunouchi, the store has a most auspicious location.
A seasoned textile designer, Hiramatsu says that while his tailoring is based on tradition, he enjoys playing with coordination and encourages people to pair their kimono or haori (traditional Japanese jacket) with casual clothing such as jeans and a T-shirt. His mission is to update Japanese culture to the present day, and with 10 percent of his clientele now international, it seems he is well on his way to achieving this goal.
Although their styles may differ, one thing that Matsuda and the kimono tailor where Hiramatsu works have in common is their effective use of the internet and social media for attracting new readers and customers. As a result, both have fans from around the world and of varying ages, from 20 up to 70. A quick glance at Matsuda's Instagram account conveys her sense of playfulness. For example, she favors bright, bold hues and candy colored jewelry; she might recommend using a scarf that your mother used when you were young as an obi-age (a kimono accessory that is used to help keep the upper part of the obi belt knot in place). The kimono tailor where Hiramatsu works, on the other hand, presents a more subdued approach with chic tones of navy, sky blue, black, gray, and beige taking center stage.
For both creatives, it is clear that they are highly respectful of kimono traditions, enjoying the age-old allure of the unseen, or the features of which we can only catch a glimpse. At the same time, they understand that the key to updating the look lies in the accessories--and perhaps, ultimately, the attitude. | https://www.tokyoupdates.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/en/post-304/ |
Gustavo Rojas, the lecturer on digital strategy and speaker on EAE’s Focused Program, analysed the journey that the digital consumer makes in terms of shopping and acquiring a certain product, their relation to brands and the possibilities of making changes to the Customer Journey.
Gustavo Rojas’s presentation based on a strategic consumer analysis was very different to approaches that have been used to date, which gave a purely descriptive perspective that barely scratched the surface. Thanks to this strategic analysis, we can gain an understanding of the consumer’s needs through methodologies and sciences such as ethnography, in-depth interviews, observation, online trends, remote studies, internal research and web analytics.
“When we speak about consumption, we are talking about the relationships we have with the products in our lives, and this relationship is a tension that we can study and model”, explained Gustavo. As such, the Customer Journey implicitly involves negative, positive or happy moments and it is essential that we eliminate any steps that may generate friction.
Gustavo Rojas defines the Customer Journey as the journey that the customer makes when they need to acquire a product of a particular brand. Therefore, this Customer Journey depends to a large extent how they perceive the value of this brand, how it lasts over time and how it is constructed in the consumer’s mind. Gustavo Rojas advised the marketing students to develop a strategic perspective that aims to position the brand as the first option in the consumers’ minds: “generating value and positive emotional traces over time”.
To develop a Customer Journey strategy, it is important to define the target and then carry out fieldwork with them to understand their habits, customs and in-depth insights, as well as the social and emotional benefits they gain from the service they receive from a particular brand. In short, we have to understand the person at an individual level and find out how they relate to their surroundings through their psycho-cognitive, social and cultural responses, which make this journey meaningful.
The speaker on EAE’s Focused Program explained that it is essential to detect the interactions and life contexts of each user to explore how technologies resolve human needs because “we sometimes lose sight of the real meaning and design products that are removed from reality. If we connect with the consumer and manage to empathize with them, having a real insight into their interests, we can enhance the customer journey and experience”.
As far as Gustavo Rojas is concerned, the user experience is the “set of factors and elements related to the user’s interaction with a specific environment or device, the result of which is the generation of a positive or negative perception of the service, product or device”. There are three big moments that make up this experience: before consuming the brand, the customer’s experiences during the shopping process and the lessons learned (the emotional traces that last over time).
Gustavo Rojas combines teaching with his professional activity in Chile, where he is the Director of UX and the Neuromarketing Laboratory at Banco Bci. During this session of the Focused Program, the digital strategy expert defined three consumer archetypes: the analytical consumer, the bargain hunter and the wary consumer. In Rojas’s opinion, identifying these types enables us to “document their journey as much as possible so that we can convey information more easily to the company’s design team”.
The last phase of the Customer Journey is the metrics. To achieve this, every step is measured and, based on this, the overall indicators are reconstructed. The process starts by establishing a set of KPIs for each phase: attracting, exploring, searching, informing, buying and expanding. These keywords may be visitors, CTR, attraction, engagement, searchability, content use, conversion rates and virality rates. It is essential to set measurable and quantifiable KPIs aligned with a certain digital strategy designed to achieve one of the following goals: provoking (to generate awareness), empathizing (to trigger consideration), persuading (to achieve desirability), spur to action (directly oriented at purchasing) or creating a buzz (to generate loyalty).
In this respect, Gustavo emphasized the importance of measuring data in a “comprehensive and quantitative way that enables objectives to be set and real business decisions to be made”. With this in mind, the marketing expert concluded by saying that “by combining the quantitative and qualitative indicators, we can optimize the Customer Journey, the end objective of which is to generate value and achieve customer satisfaction, because we are in charge of changing the customer’s attitude to our product”. | https://en.eae.es/content/generating-added-value-and-satisfaction-are-main-objectives-customer-journey |
Gustavo Rojas led a new session of EAE’s Focused Program in which he aimed to define and analyse the digital customer journey strategy.
Gustavo Rojas, the lecturer on digital strategy and speaker on EAE’s Focused Program, analysed the journey that the digital consumer makes in terms of shopping and acquiring a certain product, their relation to brands and the possibilities of making changes to the Customer Journey.
Gustavo Rojas’s presentation based on a strategic consumer analysis was very different to approaches that have been used to date, which gave a purely descriptive perspective that barely scratched the surface. Thanks to this strategic analysis, we can gain an understanding of the consumer’s needs through methodologies and sciences such as ethnography, in-depth interviews, observation, online trends, remote studies, internal research and web analytics.
“When we speak about consumption, we are talking about the relationships we have with the products in our lives, and this relationship is a tension that we can study and model”, explained Gustavo. As such, the Customer Journey implicitly involves negative, positive or happy moments and it is essential that we eliminate any steps that may generate friction.
Gustavo Rojas defines the Customer Journey as the journey that the customer makes when they need to acquire a product of a particular brand. Therefore, this Customer Journey depends to a large extent how they perceive the value of this brand, how it lasts over time and how it is constructed in the consumer’s mind. Gustavo Rojas advised the marketing students to develop a strategic perspective that aims to position the brand as the first option in the consumers’ minds: “generating value and positive emotional traces over time”.
To develop a Customer Journey strategy, it is important to define the target and then carry out fieldwork with them to understand their habits, customs and in-depth insights, as well as the social and emotional benefits they gain from the service they receive from a particular brand. In short, we have to understand the person at an individual level and find out how they relate to their surroundings through their psycho-cognitive, social and cultural responses, which make this journey meaningful.
The speaker on EAE’s Focused Program explained that it is essential to detect the interactions and life contexts of each user to explore how technologies resolve human needs because “we sometimes lose sight of the real meaning and design products that are removed from reality. If we connect with the consumer and manage to empathize with them, having a real insight into their interests, we can enhance the customer journey and experience”.
As far as Gustavo Rojas is concerned, the user experience is the “set of factors and elements related to the user’s interaction with a specific environment or device, the result of which is the generation of a positive or negative perception of the service, product or device”. There are three big moments that make up this experience: before consuming the brand, the customer’s experiences during the shopping process and the lessons learned (the emotional traces that last over time).
Gustavo Rojas combines teaching with his professional activity in Chile, where he is the Director of UX and the Neuromarketing Laboratory at Banco Bci. During this session of the Focused Program, the digital strategy expert defined three consumer archetypes: the analytical consumer, the bargain hunter and the wary consumer. In Rojas’s opinion, identifying these types enables us to “document their journey as much as possible so that we can convey information more easily to the company’s design team”.
The last phase of the Customer Journey is the metrics. To achieve this, every step is measured and, based on this, the overall indicators are reconstructed. The process starts by establishing a set of KPIs for each phase: attracting, exploring, searching, informing, buying and expanding. These keywords may be visitors, CTR, attraction, engagement, searchability, content use, conversion rates and virality rates. It is essential to set measurable and quantifiable KPIs aligned with a certain digital strategy designed to achieve one of the following goals: provoking (to generate awareness), empathizing (to trigger consideration), persuading (to achieve desirability), spur to action (directly oriented at purchasing) or creating a buzz (to generate loyalty).
In this respect, Gustavo emphasized the importance of measuring data in a “comprehensive and quantitative way that enables objectives to be set and real business decisions to be made”. With this in mind, the marketing expert concluded by saying that “by combining the quantitative and qualitative indicators, we can optimize the Customer Journey, the end objective of which is to generate value and achieve customer satisfaction, because we are in charge of changing the customer’s attitude to our product”.
“When embarking on an entrepreneurial venture, you don’t fall in love with the idea, you monitor risk and plan" | https://en.eae.es/content/generating-added-value-and-satisfaction-are-main-objectives-customer-journey |
Sapphire Hotels Group is looking for Proactive Sales and Marketing Director.
Sales and Marketing Director Duties and Responsibilities:
1. Promoting the company's existing brands and introducing new products to the market.2. Analyzing budgets, preparing annual budget plans, scheduling expenditures, and ensuring that the sales team meets their quotas and goals.3. Researching and developing marketing opportunities and plans, understanding consumer requirements, identifying market trends, and suggesting system improvements to achieve the company's marketing goals.4. Gathering, investigating, and summarizing market data and trends to draft reports.5. Implementing new sales plans and advertising.6. Recruiting, training, scheduling, coaching, and managing marketing and sales teams to meet sales and marketing human resource objectives.7. Maintaining relationships with important clients by making regular visits, understanding their needs, and anticipating new marketing opportunities.8. Staying current in the industry by attending educational opportunities, conferences, and workshops, reading publications, and maintaining personal and professional networks.
Sales and Marketing Manager Requirements:
1. A Bachelor's degree in Marketing, Mathematics, Business Administration, or related field.2. 3-5 years' experience in marketing or sales.3. Strong analytical, organizational, and creative thinking skills.4. Excellent communication, interpersonal, and customer service skills.
Interested candidates are requested to submit their CV preferably in Word or pdf format to [email protected] by specifying the Job Title in the subject line. | http://jobsearch.az/vacancies52397_en.html |
Obtain true business excellence that has a significant impact on your bottom line by ensuring that your organisational culture is completely focused on the customer. Voice of the Customer programmes which analyse customer feedback can highlight significant trends, which might be missed without a formal programme in place. Trends or patterns can then be escalated by creating business improvement projects, formed by cross-functional teams, to address problematic issues.
Giving visibility of customer issues and their status enterprise-wide will help to provide a speedy response to improve customer service. Getting everyone focused on the customer creates a customer centric culture with customers at the very heart of your business. If your customers feel loyalty towards you, it will take a lot to push them towards your competitors. | https://www.marusyngro.com/keep-customers-close-heart-heart-business/ |
In his breakthrough bestseller, The Power of Habit, New York Times reporter Charles Duhigg uses science to pull back the curtain on some of our most mystifying behaviors—and reveals how we can change them.
When you get down to it, it seems like a lot of the time we're pretty oblivious about why we do the things we do! Why do you think this is?
When a habit takes hold, something interesting happens within our brain: activity moves from the prefrontal cortex (where decision-making occurs) to the basal ganglia (one of the oldest parts of the brain, where automatic patterns are stored). In a sense, we stop thinking when we're in the grip of a habit—and so as a result, it often feels like we're acting without realizing what is going on.
Yet that doesn't mean that these behaviors are out of our control. In the last 15 years, scientists have learned an enormous amount about how habits work. Once you understand how to take a habit apart, how to fiddle with its gears, you learn how to design behavioral patterns and take control of these automatic habits.
You say there are certain "keystone habits" that, if changed, can change a person's life. How do you identify these habits?
Keystone habits influence how we work, eat, play, live, spend and communicate. They start a process that, over time, transforms everything. Identifying keystone habits, however, is tricky. Most keystone habits create daily victories—what are known within psychology as the “science of small wins.” So to identify the keystone habits in your life, look for those patterns that give you numerous, small senses of victory; places where momentum can start to build.
"No matter how old someone is, or how ingrained the behavior, it can be shifted once they start analyzing the cues and rewards."
You cite evidence that the brains of people who suffer from certain purportedly uncontrollable habits (e.g., gambling or alcoholism) differ from those who don't. Many people would likely say that our brains determine behavior, but to what extent do you think behavior can change the brain?
The brain is incredibly plastic—it is constantly changing as we expose ourselves to different stimuli and engage in different behaviors. One of the things that we've learned from laboratory experiments is that no habit is destiny. Every behavioral pattern can be changed. No matter how old someone is, or how ingrained the behavior, it can be shifted once they start analyzing the cues and rewards. And once we start behaving differently, our brains start to shift.
Your book explains how companies have used insight into the ways habits work to exploit target markets. Is awareness of things like Target's couponing strategies enough, or are there other techniques shoppers can use in order to make sure they're only buying what they need/want?
I don't know if awareness is sufficient protection, but it's a great place to start. One of the defenses that companies offer is that by studying habits, they can anticipate their customers' needs better. Indeed, when I was reporting on Target's use of habit studies to predict which customers were pregnant, my wife and I were expecting our second child. Lo and behold, we started receiving coupons for diapers and formula and a crib. And I was overjoyed: I really needed a crib! It was great to get a coupon that was so useful!
So, awareness is a great defense—but so is appreciating the usefulness of companies understanding our habits. From one perspective, it might be an invasion of privacy. From another, it’s helping me get the coupons I need at just the right time. | https://www.bookpage.com/interviews/8801-charles-duhigg-business-finance/ |
The District Manager motivates and inspires their team to achieve store productivity goals. They work closely with the Store Managers analyzing business trends, identifying missed opportunities, and developing plans to maximize performance in all stores. They are responsible for developing and managing the district budget and reviewing the P+L to ensure profit goals are met. The District Manager will help formulate short and long term strategies and objectives, creating strong plans and milestones for execution. Another critical function will be to ensure operational compliance, consistency, and accountability in all stores.
Major Duties and Responsibilities
Sales/Service:
• Sets the standard and models exceptional customer service. Inspires team to build relationships with customers and identifies and removes distractions that could minimize effectiveness
• Forecasts and watches business trends closely, identifying missed opportunities, and developing strong action plans to improve performance
• Works closely with Store Managers, providing clear goals and monitoring performance
• Holds weekly district conference calls and dedicates touch base time with each store manager. Is readily available when needed
• Coaches team in the moment, providing consistent and constructive feedback
• Utilizes company tools to diagnose opportunities and develops action plans to improve performance
• Ensures strong execution of merchandise calendar sets, and promotional events in all stores
• Identifies and maximizes opportunities to drive traffic into stores through community events (weddings, parties, etc.)
• Regularly communicates with Regional Vice President to discuss strengths, opportunities, and trends in business
• Partner with corporate office personnel to increase sales, drive/promote merchandise categories, and expand markets
Human Resources:
• Models the company’s values
• Establishes clear expectations and assesses Store Manager’s performance through consistent observation, feedback, accountability, and coaching. Creates developmental/performance plans as needed, and provides ongoing training regularly
• Recruits and hires top talent at all levels. Develops strategy to retain high performing leaders. Makes a personal investment in the development of others
• Builds loyalty among the team through motivating and compelling communication. Inspires collaboration and cooperation in others
• Develops Store Managers and teams through consistent store visits, management meetings, and touch bases while providing continuous feedback
• Ensures company standards are met for store and associate appearance at all times
• Creates and ensures an environment where all associates are treated fairly and respectfully
Operations: | https://cta.cadienttalent.com/index.jsp?POSTING_ID=58601078508&locale=en_US&SEQ=positionDetails&applicationName=BevMoNonReqExt |
- We are looking for Head HR for young, dynamic, well funded startup based in Mumbai. This is a senior management role, reporting to CEO.
- Female candidates would be preferred.
Job responsibilities :
- Develops organization strategies by identifying and researching human resources issues; contributing information, analysis, and recommendations to organization strategic thinking and direction; establishing human resources objectives in line with organizational objectives.
- Develops an organisational culture encompassing vision, values, norms, systems, beliefs, behaviours and habits that contribute progressively to business.
- Implements human resources strategies by establishing department accountabilities, including talent acquisition, staffing, employment processing, compensation, health and welfare benefits, training and development, records management, safety and health, succession planning, employee relations and retention.
- Manages human resources operations by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counselling, and disciplining staff; planning, monitoring, appraising, and reviewing staff job contributions; maintaining compensation; determining productivity, quality, and customer-service strategies; designing systems; accumulating resources; resolving problems; implementing change.
- Develops human resources operations financial strategies by estimating, forecasting, and anticipating requirements, trends, and variances; aligning monetary resources; developing action plans; measuring and analyzing results; initiating corrective actions; minimizing the impact of variances.
- Accomplishes special project results by identifying and clarifying issues and priorities; communicating and coordinating requirements; expediting fulfilment; evaluating milestone accomplishments; evaluating optional courses of action; changing assumptions and direction.
- Supports management by providing human resources advice, counsel, and decisions; analyzing information and applications.
- Guides management and employee actions by researching, developing, writing, and updating policies, procedures, methods, and guidelines; communicating and enforcing organization values.
- Complies with union, state, and local legal requirements by studying existing and new legislation; anticipating legislation; enforcing adherence to requirements; advising management on needed actions.
- Enhances department and organization reputation by accepting ownership for accomplishing new and different requests; exploring opportunities to add value to job accomplishments.
As a successful candidate you should be/have :
- Seasoned HR professional with 7-15 years of experience post MBA from a good B school.
- Led HR for a mid-sized organization. Prior experience of leading HR is must.
- Worked with good brands to bring good best practices.
- A quick learner and influencer.
- Someone who can work with an organization in its scale-up a journey.
- Expertise in Talent Acquisition & Learning is an absolute must have.
- Excellent people management skills and charismatic personality. | https://www.iimjobs.com/j/head-human-resources-startup-7-15-yrs-762391.html?ref=cl |
Abel, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4893-5687, Raymer, J., & Guan, Q. (2019). Driving factors of Asian international migration flows. Asian Population Studies 15 (3) 243-265. 10.1080/17441730.2019.1664526.
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Abstract
Migration from, to and within Asia are believed to capture many of the largest flows in the world yet very little is known about the specific patterns and factors contributing to them. In this paper, utilising recent estimates of five-year bilateral migration flows for all countries in the world, we focus on understanding how demographic, geographic and socio-economic factors are related to the size of bilateral flows in Asia. We conduct our analysis in three strands to differentiate migration: (1) amongst Asian countries, (2) from Asian countries to destinations outside the region, and (3) towards Asian countries from elsewhere in the world. After controlling for demographic, geographic and socio-economic variables, we find that large countries are important senders of migrants but not so for receiving migrants, distance has nearly the same effect for moves within Asia and for moves to countries outside the region, and Gross Domestic Product per capita in the destination is important for moves within Asia. | https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/16096/ |
The geographic distribution and structure of the U.S. dairy industry have changed considerably during the last 30 years with larger herds representing an increasing proportion of the nation’s overall dairy cow inventory and producing a greater share of the milk. Geographically, the migration of dairies from traditional production regions to states formerly unfamiliar with dairy production has transpired with the greatest increases in Federal Milk Marketing Order marketings occurring in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Arizona, New Mexico, West Texas and Southwest Kansas since the 1980’s. This study seeks to define the factors influencing the dairy location decision applying spatial econometric techniques.
To examine the effects of county-specific demographic, environmental, and market factors as well as to test for the influence of spatial agglomeration economies on the geographic distribution of the U.S. dairy industry, a spatially explicit, county-level model of the dairy production sector was developed. Quantities of milk marketed through the Federal Milk Marketing Order during the month of May for counties in 45 states during 1997 and 2002 were specified as a function of natural endowments, business climate, production resource availability, milk price, and market access. The model was estimated according to spatial autoregressive (spatially lagged dependent variable) and spatial Durbin (lagged dependent and independent variables) specifications accounting for the censored nature of the dependent variable and heteroskedastic errors. Based on RMSE, the spatial error model was selected to make out of sample predictions for 2004. The change in milk marketings between 1997 and 2002 was regressed on the 1997 independent variables using non-Tobit versions of the same models with limited success.
Results indicated a small but statistically significant presence of spatial agglomeration effects in the dairy industry in both 1997 and 2002 and revealed changes in the degrees of influence of several variables between the two periods examined. Population and the wages of agricultural workers became significant in 2002, while the elasticities of feed availability diminished, consistent with an increase in western-style dairy production. Interestingly, the spatial parameter decreased from 0.052 in 1997 to 0.028 in 2002 suggesting spatial agglomeration economies had a diminishing role in determining the amount of milk marketed in a county. | https://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/380 |
Key Concepts:
Terms in this set (17)
Migration
Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics.
Density
the degree of compactness of a substance.
Demographic Transition Model
A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.
Population Density Map
a map that shows how many people live in an area
Global Migration Patterns
Patterns around the world of permanent movement from one location to another.
Maternity/Paternity leave
a period of time a mother or a father can take off work after the birth of a child; also: parental leave
Push Factors
a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region
Pull Factors
A factor that draws or attracts people to another location
Human migration
The physical movement by humans from one area to another, sometimes over long distances or in large groups.
Refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
Evacuee
a person evacuated from a place of danger to somewhere safe.
Guest Workers
Workers who migrate to the more developed countries in search of higher-paying jobs.
Quotas
In reference to migration, laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.
Amnesty
a pardon to a group of people
Resettlement Programs
A program that helps people moving to a different place to live, because they are no longer allowed to stay in the area where they used to live.
Official Language Laws
A law detailing the language used within government
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... | https://quizlet.com/335283053/unit-4-population-geography-flash-cards/ |
Forecasts indicate that many millions of people may be forced to leave their homes in future due to changes in climate, yet this serious issue remains sidelined. LONDON, 23 December, 2014 − Among all the statistics about temperature increase, polar melting and sea level rise associated with a warming world, the impact on hundreds of millions of people forced to leave their homes due to climate change is often not fully considered. But the International Organization for Migration (IOM), an intergovernmental body set up in the early 1950s to help resettle an estimated 11 million people made homeless in the aftermath of World War Two, is making new efforts to put questions of migration at the centre of the climate change debate. Forecasts for the number of people who will be forced to move due to climate change vary considerably. At the top end of the scale, there are estimates that up to one billion environmental migrants could be created by mid-century. The IOM is trying to bring together the various data and research on migration and climate change to better understand the issue, and has recently launched a website dedicated to the topic.
Environmental factors
As part of a new research programme, IOM will initially examine how environmental factors influence migration patterns – and impact on overall policy making – in six countries: Vietnam, Papua New Guinea, Kenya, Mauritius, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti. The link between environmental change and migration is complex. Better educational possibilities elsewhere – or the lure of jobs and wages – are often primary reasons for people leaving their homes. Often changes in climate – leading to floods or droughts, and resulting in decreasing crop yields – are just one added factor driving migration. Migration can be one way people find of adapting to climate change. The IOM says: “Migration in the face of global environmental change may not be just part of the ‘problem’, but can also be part of the solution.” The six-country study, funded by the European Union, will involve household surveys in places of origin and of destination. The aim is to determine to what degree climate change encourages migration, and also to assess whether migration is a positive or negative factor in the adaptation process. Remittances to families left at home might be used to build more resilience to climate change – for example, money sent back to villages might be used to buy seeds that are more resistant to drought or flood. On the other hand, migration can mean that farms are left untended, with fewer crops harvested. The headlines often portray migration in terms of large movements of people across borders, but the bulk of migration takes place within countries – from rural to urban areas. More than 50% of the world’s population now lives in cities.
“It is evident that gradual and sudden environmental changes are already resulting in substantial population movements”
Environmental migration can be slow to build up as land becomes degraded, soil fertility decreases and water availability shrinks. But migration can also happen over a relatively short period of time. In China, in a little more than a generation, more than 250 million people have moved from the countryside to cities − mainly in search of work − in what is the biggest mass movement of people in history. The IOM seeks to integrate climate change factors into migration management and policy making – and wants greater consideration of migration in climate change negotiations. | https://climatenewsnetwork.net/migration-merits-place-at-heart-of-climate-debate/ |
Environmental Law Institute
Washington, D.C.
March 2019
“Migration of Pacific Islanders to Oregon: Assessing Quality of Life Facilitators and Inhibitors”
Migration is increasing from Pacific Islands to mainland United States for several factors including education, jobs, family, and health. Though climate change is not (yet) a primary driver of emigration, it is often cited as a reason to not return to the islands. This migration often happens quite quickly, with little planning, and the transition to a new way of life may not occur as seamlessly as hoped.
We shared lessons learned from Pacific Islanders in the United States, and how the concept of Migration with Dignity can be built with this shared knowledge.
See the video recording here
Environmental Law Institute
Oregon
March 2019
“A Portrait of Migration: Experiences of First-Generation Chuukese, Marshallese, and Palauans in Oregon”
In both Portland and Salem, we shared results of research studies that seek to better understand the motivations and experiences of Micronesians who emigrate and establish new lives abroad. Special attention was given to research results of first-generation Chuukese, Marshallese, and Palauans who have emigrated to Oregon. Community members including some of those we interviewed discussed the study results, implications, and facilitators and barriers for improved lives.
Environmental Law Institute
Honolulu
February 2019
“Migration with Dignity: A Case Study on the Livelihood Transition of Micronesians to Portland and Salem, Oregon“
In this international seminar “Aspirations and Livelihood Transition of Migrants from the Pacific to Abroad” at the Imin International Conference Center, East-West Center, we discussed findings from surveys on the issue of so-called Climate Refugees from SIDS. Emphasis was placed on (a) education and training before migration and (b) livelihood re-establishment after migration.
Following the seminar was an experts meeting on “How Religion, Culture and Education Influence the Perception of People about Climate Change.” The events were organized by the Department of International Studies, The University of Tokyo; the Environmental Law Institute; Faculty of Sustainability Studies, Hosei University; and the Ocean Policy Research Institute.
American Association of Geographers
Los Angeles
April 2013
“Geographic Variations in the Cell Phone-Only Population”
(Co-authored)
In 2005, only 7.7% of adults resided in cell phone-only households. By 2010, this figure increased to 23.9%. Thus, telephone surveys that dial only landline numbers will suffer from coverage error, error introduced into a survey when not all population elements have a chance to be selected for the sample. Many telephone surveys now incorporate cell phone numbers in their sampling scheme but, for cost and operational reasons, many surveys do not dial cell phone numbers. An understanding of the differences between adults who reside in cell phone-only (CPO) households and adults who reside in households with landlines is necessary so that appropriate weighting factors can be introduced to “correct” the bias of calling only landlines. In examining these differences, we look at variables related to geography, age, education, race/ethnicity, mobility, housing, family structure, household income, political party, and others. The percentage of CPO households is considerably lower in the Northeast and is most strongly positively related to mobility and negatively related to income and age. The analysis shows that income, age, and living in a different residence one year ago explains 56.7% of the variation in CPO by state. An examination of the residuals from this regression shows that two states were vastly over predicted: Montana and South Dakota. Eliminating these states, the regression explains 68.9%. Interestingly, the percentage of a state’s area covered by cell phone companies (a supply variable) is unrelated to the percentage of CPO households.
AAG2013Program
Florida Society of Geographers
Gainesville
February 2011
“An Analysis of the Socio-Economic and Demographic Effects of Miami-Dade’s SunLife Stadium”
As a member of the Florida Society of Geographers I presented my work on the promotion of stadiums and their socio-economic and demographic effects at various scales at the annual conference. Spatial-statistical analysis and ArcGIS were incorporated to address concerns over developers’ and politicians’ promises of neighborhood revitalization, assessing socio-economic effects spatially and temporally, and how prevailing ideas in the sport tourism literature are both affirmed and challenged by stadium development.
Chair: Dr. Mary Caravelis
This presentation investigates the effects of a professional sports venue on the local neighborhood in Miami-Dade County. The County provides an interesting case study with a variety of stadiums and arenas with varying degrees of synergy with the local neighborhood. This analysis focuses on one venue in particular: Sun Life Stadium, a multi-functional stadium located in the northern suburbs and opened in 1987. To conduct the investigation, the following questions are asked: 1) Where is the sports arena located? 2) What are the socio-economic effects of the stadium on the surrounding neighborhood over time? Addressing the first question reveals if locational patterns exist. Factors of population, race, income, and housing value will be explored. The second question addresses concerns about who gains and who loses from developing the stadium and how it has affected the surrounding neighborhood, both long-term and short-term.
Florida Society of Geographers Conference Program
International Graduate Student Conference University of Hawaii
Honolulu
February 2010
“Tourism Geography in Lijiang, China: Touristification and Socio-Spatial Transformation of a World Heritage Site”
Conference Program
“Graduate student Scott Drinkall presented
‘Tourism Geography in Lijiang, China: | http://www.scottdrinkall.com/?page_id=10 |
Throughout human history, people have been on the move—exploring new places; pursuing work opportunities; fleeing conflict; or involuntarily migrating due to changing political, social, or environmental conditions.
Today there are an estimated 230 million international migrants, a number that is projected to double to over 400 million by 2050.1 Beyond the people who cross international borders, probably more than two to three times as many are internal migrants, people who have moved within their own countries.2
The reasons for moving are complex, but over the past decade, as the evidence of global climate change has accumulated, academics, policymakers, and the media have given more attention to migration as a result of environmental change.
A major concern is whether climate change will displace large numbers of vulnerable people around the world. For example, because of rising sea levels, the population exposed to flooding during extreme storms is expected to grow dramatically over the coming decades.
The impacts of climate change will vary widely across the globe—some regions will experience drought and increased temperatures while others will experience more extreme weather such as hurricanes. But people in rural areas, where households rely daily on their local environment, will feel these effects most intensely. A widely cited article estimated that more than 25 million people were displaced by environmental factors in 1995 and claimed that as global warming takes hold, more than 200 million people could be affected by future climate change.3 Many, however, disputed these numbers and rightly clarified that scientists, particularly experts in migration, have little understanding of migration-environment relationships.4
In spite of dozens of academic publications and several international conferences, well-documented cases of environmentally induced migration are mostly limited to large-scale events such as Hurricane Katrina in the United States or the tsunami that affected Indonesia, in which millions of people were displaced due to rapid and dramatic change. The still unclear long-term consequences of these types of events, as well as slower-acting forms of environmental change such as long-term droughts and soil degradation, limit our ability to predict the scale and nature of future human migration under accelerating global environmental change. New research, however, continues to shed light on the relationships between migration and the environment.
This Population Bulletin explores the relationship between migration and the environment and highlights innovative research from the Population Centers funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. This research uses new approaches to link demographic, social, and environmental science methods, enabling researchers to more explicitly link people to the environment on which they depend. This linking, combined with following people over time, permits researchers to determine how environmental change contributes to people’s mobility and how migration results in environmental change.
The research suggests that the popular narrative of “environmental refugees” is oversimplified and inaccurate; rather, environmentally induced migration can be temporary, and is often within a country and over relatively short distances. Smaller numbers of people move across international borders.
Also, because of the variety of ways in which migration is a response to environmental change, policies on migration are unlikely to be adaptable enough to different situations and environmental pressures. Resilience policies and programs, however, present an opportunity to reduce the impacts of disasters and environmental change, and to assess environmental migration in context. | https://popresearchcenters.org/research-highlights/migration-and-the-environment/ |
Countries across the globe have considered novel ways for diasporas to directly invest in national development by purchasing diaspora bonds. Israel has raised billions through its Israel Bonds over the last 70 years, and India has had some success with its diaspora bond efforts. But other countries have faced challenges, as this article explores.
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The United States and Canada share the world's longest land border and similar cultures. But Canadians account for a tiny and shrinking share of all U.S. immigrants. Canadian immigrants tend to have higher educations and be older than other immigrant groups. This Spotlight explores the history and features of the Canadian immigrant population in the United States.
A disproportionate number of Central American migrants traveling through Mexico to the United States come from Honduras, driven by government corruption, impacts of the coronavirus pandemic, and hurricanes that have devastated communities and livelihoods. This article examine the multiple factors behind migration from the country, drawing from interviews with migrants en route.
Between Brexit and COVID-19, Europe’s 31-country zone of free movement has been profoundly tested. Still, the area has constantly evolved over the last 70 years, to include new groups of individuals who can freely move for work, study, or leisure, as well as cover larger geographic areas. This article examines the history and challenges to free movement, a crowning success of the European project.
Results from the 2020 census show that the U.S. population has been growing at its slowest rate since the Great Depression. Reduced immigration has been one component of this sluggish population growth, which could pose a problem for the United States as people age and strain public retirement systems. This U.S. Policy Beat article examines how immigration fits into the country's demographic puzzle.
Tens of thousands of migrants have gone missing in Mexico in recent years, with the country having one of world's highest rates of disappeared persons. In 2015, the Mexican government created institutions to investigate these cases and work with the missing migrants' families, who are often their most vocal advocates. This article explores the reasons why migrants disappear, as well the institutions established to investigate cases and their impact.
Climate change promises to profoundly impact all aspects of human society. This special issue of the Migration Information Source and a companion podcast, Changing Climate, Changing Migration, examine how the effects of environmental change are shaping migration across the globe, now and in the future.
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Whether as migrant-sending or migrant-receiving locations—or both—many countries have rich, complex international and internal migration histories. MPI's online journal, the Migration Information Source, offers profiles of more than 70 nations. Written by leading scholars, these profiles delve into countries' migration histories, demographics, policymaking, and more.
Rarely is migration among the Chinese from Hong Kong, the People's Republic of China, and Taiwan to the countries of the Pacific Rim as cut and dry as the labels "immigrant," "emigrant," and "returnee" suggest. In fact, Chinese migrants from each of these areas of origin share a tendency for traversing between their homeland; country of work, study, or residence; and even a third country as the needs of the family dictate. This article examines these contemporary migration patterns using Chinese migrants in New Zealand as a case study.
In a highly selective way, flows of internal migrants within Taiwan have responded quickly to political, economic, and social changes throughout the nation’s history, and have spurred development of the country’s industrial, services, and technological industries. In the past 20 years, however, international migration has reemerged in relevance and now includes the immigration of foreign workers and wives and the emigration of some of Taiwan’s best and brightest.
From rather humble beginnings, the Chinese immigrant population in the United States has grown steadily since the 1960s to reach about 1.8 million in 2010. Compared to the foreign born overall, Chinese immigrants report higher levels of educational attainment, are less likely to live in households with an annual income below the poverty line, and are substantially more likely to have naturalized as U.S. citizens.
The past decade has brought tens of thousands of Chinese migrants to Africa, and well over half of all Chinese migrants to the continent head to South Africa. Yoon Jung Park of Rhodes University discusses the history of Chinese migration to South Africa, the various communities of Chinese currently residing in the country, and their levels of political, social, and economic integration.
Most of China's roughly 145 million rural-to-urban migrants were born after 1980, making this population the "new generation" of internal migrant workers. Having been directly influenced by China's rapid economic growth and recent sociodemographic policy changes, this cohort of rural-urban migrants offers much to learn with respect to their motivations. This article discusses survey data indicating that new-generation migrants have somewhat different motivations and expectations than their more traditional counterparts, such as the desire for excitement, fun, and career development independent of the needs of the family back home. | https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/migration-information-source?ID=812&qt-most_read=1&qt-source_landing_page_tabs=4&page=96 |
Seasonal migration is the movement of various species from one habitat to another during the year. Resource availability changes depending on seasonal fluctuations, which influence migration patterns.
What is seasonal migration?
Definition. The periodic movement of a population from one region or climate to another in accordance with the yearly cycle of weather and temperature changes.
What is seasonal migration India?
Seasonal migrants in India engage in temporary informal work in work environments that actively flout labour laws on wages, work hours, and living conditions. … It is estimated that approximately 100 million people undertake short-term migration1 annually in India.
What is seasonal migration and temporary migration?
Temporary or circular migration is a move made for a short period of time with the intention of returning to the place of usual residence. … Seasonal migration has long been a source of income for rural households unable to support themselves through agriculture.
What are the two main reasons for seasonal migration?
Shortage of farmland, debt, lack of viable non-farm activities locally, and the desire to earn additional income are the major reasons for seasonal migration of labour. Social networks and information flows are also important factors in migration.
Who are called seasonal migrants?
Seasonal migration is a form of return migration. It is driven by seasonal peaks in labor demand, mostly in agriculture. But some people change their location because of climate – this is not labor migration.
What are the 4 types of global migration?
4 Types of migration
- 4.1 Labour migration in the EU.
- 4.2 Forced migration.
- 4.3 International retirement migration (IRM)
- 4.4 Internal migration.
What are the main causes of migration?
political migration – moving to escape political persecution or war. environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding.
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Push and pull factors
- lack of services.
- lack of safety.
- high crime.
- crop failure.
- drought.
- flooding.
- poverty.
- war.
What is an example of seasonal migration?
Seasonal migration can take place over very long distances. … Bat, seal, turtle, and insect species all seasonally migrate. For example, the monarch butterfly migrates from southern Canada to winter in central Mexico. Stopping en route to rest and refuel with food and water is common among migratory bird species.
What is daily migration?
It happens around the globe, every day, sweeping across the world’s oceans in a massive, living wave. Every night, a multitude of fish, squid, plankton, and other mid-ocean dwellers begin their journey up to surface waters to feed.
Which is considered as seasonal migration Why?
The periodic movement of people from one place to another place for the temporary situation is known as seasonal migration. These are mainly followed due to harsh conditions in rural areas for the agricultural workers. … They are seasonal migrants because they are migrated for only six months for their employment.
What is seasonal mobility?
Seasonal mobility creates complex spatial and temporal relationships between older people and places (the places of origin and destination in particular). Older people need to maintain complex relations with both their places of origin and destination during their seasonal mobility (Bjelde and Sanders, 2012). | https://expatalien.com/residence-permit/what-is-seasonal-migration-wikipedia.html |
Understanding who migrates is crucial in explaining societal changes and forecasting future population composition and size. However, there is no empirical consensus on demographic and socioeconomic factors driving migration decision. Exploiting micro census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series International (IPUMSI) database across 65 countries over the period 1960 to 2012 covering 477,296,432 individual records, this study aims to establish common demographic drivers of migration. Given an exceptionally large number of observations, a parametric approach would simply yield bias estimates of standard errors of the variables of interest. We apply a machine learning technique using decision tree models to establish common demographic patterns driving migration in our data. The decision trees are applied to each country year sample individually in order to control for local optima. Resulting feature selections are compared across countries and years. We find that globally, age, education, household size, and urbanisation are important drivers of internal migration. Age and education are particularly important predictors in Europe and Northern America whilst in South and Central America and Africa, urbanisation and household size are more relevant. The applied method of localised decision trees could be a helpful tool for analysing large-scale census data in other social science domains. | https://www.hiig.de/publication/learning-about-internal-migration-from-half-a-billion-records-applying-localised-classification-trees-to-large-scale-census-data/ |
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?
The ADA is a civil rights law. It was designed to make sure that people with disabilities have equal access to work, education, and their community.
How does the ADA relate to older people?
As people get older, many start to develop problems with hearing, seeing, or getting around. Others experience chronic illnesses like hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, or memory loss. People may have disabilities under the definition in the ADA when age-related changes in function make it more difficult to get around at home, participate in their community, or go to work.
Although people who are aging often don’t think of themselves as having a disability, according to the ADA, having a “physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity” means a person has a disability.
More than 30 percent of Americans over age 65 have some kind of disability, and over 50 percent of those over age 75. These may range from difficulties seeing and hearing to walking and thinking. Under the ADA, it isn’t the cause of the disability that matters, but what it means in everyday life.
To read the legal definition of “disability,” as stated in the ADA, see the following FAQ.
What areas of life are included under the ADA?
Work
Employers may not discriminate against you because of your disability if you can do your job “with accommodation.” An accommodation may be required to help employees with disabilities succeed in the workplace by making changes to the work environment or schedule, as long as it is not an “undue hardship” for the employer. For example, a person who is experiencing age-related vision loss can request a larger monitor or a screen reader to help them access their computer screen. Changes like this are called “reasonable accommodations.”
Many people continue to work past traditional retirement age. If you start having problems doing your job because of health or physical problems, you may be eligible under the ADA for workplace accommodations.
Transportation and Travel
Public transportation, such as light rail, transit and busses, is required to be accessible to people with disabilities.
Taxi companies are required to provide accessible service. This means that transportation companies cannot refuse service if you use a mobility device such as a walker or a wheelchair.
People with disabilities have protections when flying, including the right to bring a service animal. Accessibility of the airport is covered under the ADA, but the accessibility of the airplane itself is covered under the Air Carrier Access Act.
Entertainment and Hospitality
“Places of public accommodation” like restaurants, hotels, theaters, arenas, and museums must be physically accessible to individuals with disabilities. They must also provide “reasonable modifications of policies, practices, or procedures” when requested, so long as it is not an undue burden to the business. For example, a person with some age-related vision loss may go to a restaurant and have difficulty reading the menu. If the customer requests assistance, the restaurant should provide a menu in a format that works for that person, such as large print, or should offer to read it aloud.
Health Care
The ADA requires that health care providers, including medical facilities and dentists’ offices, provide reasonable modifications to patients. The health care provider must provide assistance with communication if needed. This means that they may help you fill out a form or read small print in documents before you sign them. Health care providers must also ensure that you can access medical equipment. For example, they can provide exam tables that can move up and down to make it easier for patients to sit or lie down for examination.
Public places
Public places and activities owned and controlled by state or local government like streets, sidewalks, parks, and government buildings are required to be accessible and they must provide requested reasonable modifications. For example, if a city is hosting a town hall meeting, they must ensure that there is an accessible entryway so that people who use mobility devices will be able to enter the building and participate.
Housing
Accessibility in housing is covered under the Fair Housing Act, which is enforced by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The Fair Housing Act applies to buildings with four or more units. Covered buildings must be physically accessible, according to the building code used by the state. In addition, housing providers must provide reasonable accommodations and modifications to tenants with disabilities. A housing provider might provide a designated parking space near the door of an apartment or modify its policies to allow a tenant to pay rent by mail as an accommodation.
More information about the ADA
The ADA National Network provides information, guidance and training on the ADA, tailored to meet the needs of business, government, and individuals at local, regional, and national levels. You may contact your regional ADA Center by phone or email, or find more ADA resources on the ADA National Network’s website.
Call: 1-800-949-4232
Website: adata.org
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Content was developed by the ADA Knowledge Translation Center and is based on professional consensus of ADA experts and the ADA National Network.
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The contents of this factsheet were developed under a grant from the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR grant number 90DP0086). NIDILRR is a Center within the Administration for Community Living (ACL), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The contents of this factsheet do not necessarily represent the policy of NIDILRR, ACL, HHS, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government.
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© Copyright 2018 ADA National Network. All Rights Reserved. | https://adata.org/factsheet/aging-and-ada |
Karen Lai is an Inclusion and Accessibility Consultant, helping governments, businesses and NGOs understand and act upon improving their outcomes by engaging the whole Community. She is a collaborator and guest blogger here for Urban Matters CCC too! She can be reached at [email protected], and at 604-889-7961.
When facilitating a community engagement process, quite often, the segment of the population left out is people with disabilities. Access services, such as interpretation, large print, or the physical accessibility of a location are not publicly acknowledged when promoting an event, and often people that require these services don’t participate as a result.
Since birth, born with Cerebral Palsy, I have always been intrigued about the division between who is included and who is not included. Due to my disability, I have lived with physical challenges that affect my co-ordination, balance, motor dexterity, and speech. These aspects have often led me to be excluded from mainstream activities in recreation, school, and other areas. As well, I continue to be confronted by barriers such as assumptions that I am dumb, hearing impaired, unable to work, or unable to live independently. This is simply not the case.
I enjoy participating in community discussions, especially related to accessibility and inclusion. But a discussion that allows people to respond in a ‘popcorn’ style doesn’t work for me, as living with speech impediment also affects how quickly I can respond. I often get ignored or left out because there isn’t space for me to speak and be listened too (especially in sometimes controversial conversations when participants often get heated up), and there is no space for me to get in a word edgewise. To be more inclusive, discussions need to be well organized so that all can participate. Talking sticks, raising hands, numbers assigned to speak or providing a list for reserved speaking/sharing opportunities allows space for everyone to contribute.
I now work with many organizations, including Urban Matters, and businesses to ensure that all people with disabilities are included in all aspects of community, whether it is school, work, volunteer, or participating in everyday community. I have dedicated about 20 years working directly with people with disabilities and making sure that they are part of their community.
Valuing People with Disabilities as Part of Community
Ensuring that people with disabilities, both cognitive and physical, are at the table when talking about community issues is critically important to me. Unfortunately, this seems easier said than done, and including people with disabilities tends to be an afterthought.
I believe that this current reality dates way back to times in history when many were often forced into institutions or asylums under claims that a better life is available to them in this environment. The long term effects of this kind of behavior remains today where people with disabilities are thought to be victims, in need of support, unable to work, live, or play independently. We see many people with disabilities requiring the need of a support worker, relying on social assistance, or not participating in their workforce. However, this picture doesn’t have to be so bleak if the perspectives shifts allowing us all, those living with disabilities and those without, to work towards new potential.
An open and welcoming environment has to be created to allow for people to feel comfortable to express their thoughts and ideas. A space where power dynamics are eliminated and people with disabilities are well supported and valued to represent themselves. A space where people can request the access services they require to fully participate in the conversation. A space where people can be authentic and true to themselves, and not to be judged, discriminated or belittled in anyway. We can do this!
The inclusion of people with disabilities is definitely a two-way street too. It is about working together. The environment needs to be open and welcoming, but people with disabilities need to have the skills, courage and support systems in place to be included in the process too. There’s a famous quote that suggests that ‘no one will ever understand until they have walked a mile in my shoes’. It is with this understanding that people with disabilities should be willing and be open to share what they require to fully be able to participate in community. The fact is that we do live in a very ‘able-bodied’ world, and those with disabilities may need to understand that they have the unfortunate reality of educating others about what they need and how to access it. It is just the reality. But it is through constant conversations that it will soon become common practice of being accessible and inclusive.
There needs to be a shift in perspective from both sides. Some people with disabilities need to accept their vulnerabilities and voice that they may need some access supports. Then those without disabilities needs to continue to have an open mind to accept the vulnerabilities and develop strategies to find ways to include all people. The fact is that there won’t be any event that will meet everyone’s needs. However, there is room for improvement and both sides can work together to work towards making sure that everyone is included as much as possible. | http://www.urbanmatters.ca/community-planning-for-all-community/ |
The American Disability Act (ADA) turns 31 on July 26, 2021. The groundbreaking law codified this simple truth: people with disabilities are entitled to human rights.
This may seem obvious in writing, but an honest evaluation of our environment makes it clear that many of the buildings and services we use are not equitably accessible.
For example, do all websites integrate technology that enables visually impaired, hard of hearing, and deaf people to access content?
Do all playgrounds contain structures that children with disabilities can enjoy?
Do all educational institutions accommodate students who have learning disabilities?
Are restaurant interiors designed with enough space between tables for people in wheelchairs to move around comfortably?
Is everyone on staff trained to treat people with disabilities respectfully?
Thanks to the ADA, there is a legal mandate that public and private entities dismantle the systemic ableism keeping people with disabilities on the margins.
That’s worth celebrating – especially in the cannabis community, where many consumers use cannabis for their physical or mental health impairments.
But National Disability Independence Day is also a time to imagine and work toward an even more equitable future for people with disabilities, especially those who hold multiple marginalized identities.
Before the ADA, hiring managers regularly discriminated against job candidates with disabilities. Business establishments had no legal requirement to create accessible spaces and services, so they didn’t. Students with disabilities were kicked out of school, underserved, and left behind.
The ADA arrested those harmful practices.
Thanks to the ADA, buildings must be designed with wheelchair ramps, public transportation must be accessible to wheelchair users, employers cannot ask job candidates and employees if they have a disability, and schools must accommodate all types of learners.
Put simply, people with disabilities have rights, and those rights are protected by the law.
There is no comprehensive list of the physical and mental disabilities covered under the ADA. However, the law offers the following disabilities as examples of the type of physiological and cognitive impairments that qualify for ADA protection:
The ADA prevents people with disabilities from being discriminated against in the following areas of public life:
These ADA-mandated protections make it easier for people with disabilities to participate in society and add value to their places of work and communities. However, the law is imperfect. People with disabilities are still more likely to be unemployed and under-resourced than people without disabilities.
Many qualifying medical conditions for state-regulated medical marijuana programs are also covered by the ADA.
However, the ADA won’t protect medical marijuana patients until cannabis is legalized at the federal level, a frustrating but court-tested obstacle. In multiple cases, the court sided with the employer against employees who were terminated for cannabis use. In these cases, the employees were registered medical marijuana users.
Beyond its cannabis exclusions, the ADA faces the same issues that all American laws face: bias. Despite improving the lives of many people with disabilities, the ADA disproportionately neglects marginalized groups because of structural bias.
Take these examples:
These examples illustrate the importance of intersectionality awareness in the fight for civil rights – including disability rights. Having a disability is one layer. Having a disability as a Black lesbian adds several other layers the ADA doesn’t address.
The reality is that the ADA is legislation, not a magic wand. People must implement its requirements for it to work. When that doesn’t happen, others must report the problem and demand change, keeping targeted marginalized groups at the center of all advocacy efforts.
In 1986, the NCD wrote this striking statement:
“People with disabilities have been saying for years that their major obstacles are not inherent in their disabilities but arise from barriers that have been imposed externally and unnecessarily.”
Having a disability is an everyday, natural experience shared by a large segment of the global population:
Anyone can acquire a disability at any point in their life. The ADA puts legal pressure on society to accept that and create environments in which people with disabilities can still thrive.
But there’s more work to be done, and it’s imperative that all people – regardless of their physical and mental abilities – recognize the importance of doing it.
Everyone has a part to play. As an employee, a consumer, an employer, an executive, a founder, or a caring member of your community, you have the power to document accessibility issues and report them to people with decision-making power.
We all have a responsibility to tear down the unnecessary external barriers standing in the way of fair access. Whether we have the resources to demolish an entire wall or simply remove one brick at a time, National Disability Independence Day is a time to reflect on the power each of us has to make our communities safer, fairer, and more accessible for everyone. | https://curaleaf.com/blog/celebrating-and-reflecting-on-national-disability-independence-day |
One of the most popular features of our Augment Therapy app are virtual worlds. In these games, children explore fantasy settings such as “Castleton”, “Candyland”, and “Western Town.” No matter their physical limitations, kids can virtually fly, jump and run as they complete quests within the worlds.
These therapeutic activities allow them to practice physical movements while having fun escapes “outside” their drab hospital rooms. Being able to experience the world differently is just one of the benefits of Augmented Reality for children and adults with disabilities.
In a recent article in ARPost, the author, Gergana Mileva, lists the following inclusive advantages of AR technology: | https://augmenttherapy.com/2022/02/23/ars-accessibility-for-children-with-disabilities/ |
By André Picard
There are few things more heartbreaking than a child with no friends.
But being friendless is the norm for Canadian children with physical and developmental disabilities.
A new study, written by Anne Snowdon, a nurse and professor at the Odette School of Business at the University of Windsor in Ontario, shows that 53 per cent of disabled kids have no friends.
Even those with friends have very limited interactions. Outside of formal settings such as the classroom, less than two hours a week spent with their peers is the norm; only 1 per cent of children with disabilities spend an hour a day with friends.
The problem is most serious for boys – who tend to have far more developmental disabilities and fewer social skills – and it gets worse with age. In childhood, efforts are made, but by the time kids hit age 10 or so, when cliques and social circles form outside of parental control, ostracization and isolation is near complete.
In Canada, we talk a good game about integration, about breaking down barriers to allow the inclusion of people with physical and social disabilities in every aspect of daily life. But reality is more stark and harsh.
Real integration requires a lot more than building ramps, adopting human rights legislation and funding programs. Grudging accommodation, with a dash of tokenism, is not enough.
If we want people to be healthy – physically, mentally, emotionally – and to reach their full potential, they need to be full citizens.
Kids with disabilities can’t be segregated and shut out of mainstream society. They need to be like every kid, in school, in swim class, on the bus, in the playground and hanging out at the mall with friends.
That is the underlying theme of the new report, Strengthening Communities for Canadian Children with Disabilities, which Dr. Snowdon presented last week at the annual conference of the Sandbox Project. (Sandbox was founded in 2009 by pediatric surgeon and now MP Kellie Leitch, is designed to spur improvements in the health outcomes of Canadian children in areas such as injury prevention, obesity, mental health, and the environment.) “Children and youth with disabilities and their families need and want to connect and engage with their communities in a meaningful, accessible and accommodating way that enables social interaction and development,” she said.
To conduct the research, Dr. Snowdon and her team conducted in-depth interviews with 166 families in Regina, Fredericton and Toronto, along with some focus groups. All the families had children with physical and developmental disabilities (ranging from Down syndrome to autism). Children with psychiatric disabilities such as bipolar disorder were not included, but one can imagine the issues would be similar.
Above all, the report focuses on the practical. What are the challenges caregivers face and what help is available to them?
Interestingly, the most common complaint was not lack of services but poor communication.
“Finding information on what is available is a big challenge,” said Sally Jordan, a caregiver to her 22-year-old nephew with severe developmental disabilities. In this, the communications age, she relies on word-of-mouth and tips from other parents to find out what services are available.
As far as anyone can tell, there are a plethora of programs for kids with disabilities. But a startling 78 per cent of parents said their children don’t participate regularly in community programs. There are a variety of reasons. Many programs are inaccessible (and that doesn’t mean there are no ramps, it means they are at inconvenient times or in inconvenient places). Transportation is a major problem for children who, because of their disabilities, can’t use public transit. And cost is a big factor, especially as parents of children with life-long disabilities often stop paid work to become caregivers.
In the report, Dr. Snowdon makes three main recommendations:
* Create a single online reference tool that lists all community programs, services and professional care available to people with disabilities.
* Invest in programs where disabled kids are integrated, not segregated, so they can feel part of their community.
* Find ways to expand the social networks of children and teenagers to break the isolation.
Facebook and other social networking tools have been a godsend for disabled kids because they removes barriers – like being judged for the way you look. But being a “virtual” citizen is only a baby step in the right direction, it’s not enough.
Dr. Snowdon said she was surprised to learn from parents and children themselves that isolation was far more painful to live with than physical or development disabilities themselves.
It’s an issue, she said, that really tugs at the heartstrings.
But beyond the emotional response, there are practical consequences. Social interaction is key to quality of life: It’s how we find love, how we find work and how we have fun.
Having a disability does not obviate those needs; if anything, it magnifies them.
Sometimes we need to stop and reflect on the value of friendship, of a sense of belonging, and the value of community itself to our individual and collective health.
Relationships matter more than fancy programs, but where programs do exist, they should be known and accessible and, above all, foster interaction. | http://sandboxproject.ca/news/2013/10/7/the-globe-and-mail-dont-shut-disabled-kids-out-of-society |
Stretching from the end of the Middle Ages to the Second Industrial Revolution (c. 1500-1900), the authors in this volume analyze spiritual kinship in Europe and its associated social customs - with special attention given to godparenthood. These customs had great importance for Early Modern and Modern European societies, and this collection represents an interdisciplinary effort to combine the work of social and economic historians, historical demographers, anthropologists and sociologists. Arranged chronologically and geographically, chapters cover specific areas of the European continent, from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Reconstructing changes in theological thought about spiritual kinship, particularly before and after the Reformation, and comparing Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox views and practices, Spiritual Kinship in Europe provides a comprehensive picture of how social practices and religious ideas related to spiritual kinship and godparenthood.
The EU-Russia common space on external security is examined.
When the Iron Curtain lifted in 1989 it was seen by some as proof of the final demise of the ideas and aspirations of the radical left. Not many years passed, however, before the critique of capitalism and social inequalities were once again the main protest themes of social movements. This book provides an account of radical left movements in today’s Europe and how they are trying to accomplish social and political change. The book’s various chapters focus on social movement organizations, activist groups, and networks that are rooted in the left-wing ideologies of anarchism, Marxism, socialism, and communism in both newly democratized post-communist and longstanding liberal-democratic polities. The questions addressed include: How are radical left movements influenced by the political and social contexts in which they are situated? How do they interact with other political actors? How does contemporary radical left activism differ from “new” and “old” social movements on the one hand, and radical left parliamentary parties on the other? And what does it mean to be ”radical left” in liberal-democratic (or semi-democratic, or even semi-authoritarian), capitalist European societies today after the fall of state socialism.
The article deals with results of the scientific seminar on "Legal Aspects of the BRICS", held in St. Petersburg with the participation of law professors from universities in the BRICS countries. They are represented in the collection of articles with the same title. The author presents the conclusion about the necessity of comparative studies of legal systems of the BRICS countries for the successful cooperation in the framework of the BRICS group, notes the potential of a harmonization of the legal regulation of all spheres of cooperation, besides of the use of the international law. | https://publications.hse.ru/en/articles/224753671 |
Responsibilities:
- Design and build advanced applications for the Android platform
- Collaborate with cross-functional teams to define, design, and ship new features
- Work with outside data sources and APIs
- Unit-test code for robustness, including edge cases, usability, and general reliability
- Work on bug fixing and improving application performance
- Continuously discover, evaluate, and implement new technologies to maximize development efficiency
Requirements:
- Proven software development experience and Android skills development(Java & XML)
- Proven working experience in Android app development
- Have published at least one original Android app
- Experience working on a large Code Base
- Experience with Android SDK
- Experience working with remote data via REST and JSON
- Experience with third-party libraries and APIs
- Working knowledge of the general mobile landscape, architectures, trends, and emerging technologies
- Solid understanding of the full mobile development life cycle.
- Experience with performance and memory tuning with tools
- Familiarity with cloud message APIs and push notifications
- Familiarity with gmaps and tracking
- Knack for benchmarking and optimization
- Proficient understanding of Git code versioning tools
- Familiarity with Continuous Integration
- Have a strong sense of care towards creating a polished app
- Have publised software to the App Store
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About the company
11 - 50 employees
Provider that focuses on IT Security services (Cyber Security Risk Assessment, Penetration Testing, Application Assessment, Vulnerability Assessment, Cloud Security), digital media agency and application development (Software). present and stand as a form of dedication of information technology activists to answer the needs and challenges in the era of the global industrial revolution. | https://glints.com/tw/en/opportunities/jobs/android-developer/9a289f74-8146-4b13-8762-f20cc31648fd |
All mobile applications utilize several APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) and SDKs (Software Development Kits) to increase standardizations and add new useful features. These software packages allow for the addition of unique capabilities that most developers would
not otherwise be able to deploy without many dedicated resources. With this being said, there is often confusion between what an SDK and API are, and why an app would want to integrate either of these third-party software options. In this post, we will define what APIs and SDKs are and discuss the differences between them.
What is an API?
Broadly speaking, an Application Programming Interface (API) is a set of subroutine definitions, communication protocols, and tools for building software. In general terms, it is a set of clearly defined methods of communication among various components.
There are two main types of APIs, server-to-server or client-to-server, and component-to-component. Server-to-server and client-to-server APIs are commonly a stateless interface to a remote server to set or get data. Typically, these types of APIs use a “RESTful” (representational state) protocol which requires them to be “stateless”. Stateless protocols require that any call to the API be completely independent from any past or future calls to the API. The API defines a communication protocol and “expected behavior” that allows a client to make requests and receive responses to and from a server. It is the developer's responsibility to integrate an API into their solution and use the API correctly. Component-to-component APIs can act a bit differently. These APIs allow different software packages to communicate on the same device and are not communicating with an external server or device. A good example of this would be Android’s set of APIs.
Skyhook offers an API as one of four flexible integration options to access its Precision Location software. When utilizing this location API, the developer is required to source the Wi-Fi, GPS, and cellular data, and then implement the API request according the the specifications outlined.
What is an SDK?
A Software Development Kit (SDK) is commonly defined as a set of tools that can be used to create and develop applications. In general, an SDK refers to a full-suite software module that includes everything developers need for a specific module within an app. They are often compared to a code library, which is a collection of non-volatile resources, used by computer programs, often for software development. They often “wrap” (fully or partially implement) an API and utilize the API’s communication protocols in the appropriate and intended manner. They include examples, documentation and, the methodology necessary to perform specific functions.
For example, Skyhook’s Precision Location SDK provides all the tools and documentation needed to perform highly accurate geo-positioning on a mobile device using the Android operating system. The app developer simply needs to load, or dynamically pull, the SDK library into their development environment and use the available interfaces to utilize all the capabilities Skyhook provides. No extra code is needed to source the Wi-Fi, GPS, or cellular data to calculate an accurate position - this is all handled by the SDK.
Why use an API?
APIs are typically much lighter weight than SDKs since a full library does not need to be integrated into the app or the APIs are native to the development platform. APIs are useful when you only need one or two specific functions of an SDK and a fully integrated experience is not needed. Developers should keep in mind that implementing an API often requires more programming upfront as they are less “plug-and-play” than SDKs. Finally, APIs are also useful for applications where a codebase is programed on atypical platforms.
Why use an SDK?
SDKs provide developers with an array of tools needed to provide end-users of an app a unique and standardized interface. Developers also don’t need to reinvent the wheel when in comes to standard app features, such as location, data storage, geofencing, user authorization, etc. SDKs have a set of robust functionality -- error handling, consistent performance, code reuse -- that takes a lot of the complexity away for software developers. SDKs also ensure that any API provided is implemented correctly, reducing the headache that could be associated with implementing an API. The SDK often goes further and provides enhanced features on top of APIs that allow for improved user experiences within your app. Finally, SDKs also allow for easier upgrade paths and handling of deprecations for certain lower-level APIs.
No matter the type of app you are creating, SDKs and APIs provide vital services for ease in development and time to market. They provide functionality that improves user experience and common packages to address typical use cases.
Skyhook provides solutions that will accurately locate connected devices via the Precision Location SDK and API, and geofencing solutions via the Context SDK, all in a battery-efficient manner. Check out all of our available integration options here or learn more on the Skyhook website. | https://www.skyhook.com/blog/what-is-an-sdk-and-an-api |
We are looking for a PHP Developer responsible for managing back-end services and the interchange of data between the server and the users. Your primary focus will be the development of all server-side logic, definition, and maintenance of the central database, and ensuring high performance and responsiveness to requests from the front-end. You will also be responsible for integrating the front-end elements built by your co-workers into the application. Therefore, a basic understanding of front-end technologies is necessary as well.
Responsibilities
- Integration of user-facing elements developed by front-end developers
- Build efficient, testable, and reusable PHP modules
- Solve complex performance problems and architectural challenges
- Integration of data storage solutions
- Will integrate various APIs from third parties;
- Build our own APIs to be used by Apps
- Maintain existing codebases
- Build reusable code and libraries for future use
- Work with teammates to improve our hugely popular tools
- Streamline features to make customers’ lives far simpler and easier
- Suggest and develop software improvements
- Optimize application for maximum speed and scalability
- Follow the company guidelines and best practices
Skills And Qualifications
- Proven software development experience in PHP
- You have a bachelor’s degree in computer science or related discipline
- Experience in common third-party APIs (Google, Facebook, Ebay etc)
- Understanding of MVC design patterns
- Knowledge of object-oriented PHP programming
- Familiarity with SQL/NoSQL databases and their declarative query languages
- Good understanding of web markup, including HTML5, CSS3
- Good understanding of asynchronous request handling, partial page updates, and AJAX
- Proficient understanding of code versioning tools, such as Git / Mercurial
- WordPress and Drupal experience is a plus. | http://35.224.208.45/careers/php-developer/ |
The federal website funded by U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services notes, “the lack of seamless data exchange in healthcare has historically detracted from patient care, leading to poor health outcomes, and higher costs”.
The essential step to digitally transforming healthcare is enabling “different information systems, devices and applications (systems) to access, exchange, integrate and cooperatively use data in a coordinated manner,” according to the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), the member association committed to transforming the global health ecosystem.
The U.S. government grasped these principles and began to act on them during the Obama Administration and since 2015 has ushered in a series of regulations that encourage and enable the use of standardized APIs as the key to interoperability.
The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®), a Health Level 7 (HL7) standard for exchanging healthcare information electronically. HL7 is a member of HIMSS and FHIR provides standardization for application programming interfaces (APIs).
The latest development is the publication of Trusted Exchange Framework and the Common Agreement (TEFCA) published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC). The framework is a set of non-binding but foundational principles for health information exchange across the U.S., as recommended in the 2016 21st Century Cures Act.
In 2019, the ONC estimated that more than 80% of hospitals and two-thirds of clinicians already use electronic health record systems (EHRs) that leverage FHIR.
This statistic needs to be regarded with some caution though as a report published by Pew in January 2021 found that the APIs are not being as widely used as they could be, with just three use cases accounting for most of the deployments – patient access, clinical decision support and provider-to-provider data exchanges. It found APIs were barely used at all to exchange data between health providers treating the same patient.
Competition not compliance
This illustrates that while government policy has been critical in helping enshrine standardized APIs at the heart of health ecosystems, health organizations of all kinds and sizes should not be regarding their adoption only as a matter of compliance or only for isolated uses, to reap the full benefits.
Standardized APIs that build on FHIR are game changers for patients and for health organizations too, from delivering greater operational efficiencies and better patient outcomes to creating new business models and monetization options.
Having said that, it is important to note that the act of deploying standardized APIs does not guarantee success. They can only fulfil their greatest potential if they must be used everywhere they can be used, every time, and implemented in a consistent way to ensure replicated, seamless interoperability for the exchange of data. The approach needs to be holistic not piecemeal, which is not to say everything can be addressed at once.
Successful implementation requires a comprehensive and well-executed API strategy and governance, starting with the vision – the desired outcomes from an organization’s widespread adoption of FHIR-based APIs – never the technology.
Get a jump start
Given how much there is to consider, the fastest way to see the benefits of FHIR-based APIs is by getting specialist help that is expert in its use of proven tools. Torry Harris Integration Solutions (THIS) has just launched a suite of FHIR readiness services and solutions.
A good place to start is with a THIS FHIR-readiness Assessment because to reach a destination – the strategic vision for desired outcomes – you need to know where you are to start with. The assessment involves a study of the organization’s healthcare IT landscape including applications, technologies, infrastructure, policies, challenges and so on.
The next step is to create a roadmap for a step-by-step transformation of components to adhere to FHIR standards, then define an execution plan by breaking down activities, and making decisions such as build versus buy for selected legacy components. Another important aspect is to identify candidates for cloud-enablement to improve business agility, whether those entail shifting servers to virtual machines, adopting third-party software-as-a-service (SaaS) applications, etc.
It is critical to identify skills and competencies required for your IT team compared with what they have now, and define the best way to fill the ‘gaps’.
One option to get started is for THIS to run a Healthcare Digital Transformation Workshop, where IT and business stakeholders can discuss and agree on the strategy and roadmap, as well as decide which areas should be prioritized for modernization, compliance and as new revenue streams.
A workshop is also a good environment in which to identify opportunities for participating in healthcare ecosystems, for example the roles involved, whether provider or consumer. Also identifying customer value streams and what the best partners’ profiles would be for your organization.
API monetization strategy is a critical element of the digitalization process, along with data points, price plans and more. By the end of the workshop, attendees should have a transformation plan mapped out.
Mix and match services
THIS has long experience of integration and transformation projects of all kinds, and other FHIR Enablement Services, in brief, include:
- Moving legacy to cloud native applications using the best combination of SaaS applications and microservices for each customer, and the API-enablement of key IT capabilities, customers’ data and so on to comply with FHIR.
- Implementing API management technology, to ensure customers have the right tech stack for securely exposing their FHIR-compliant data and functional blocks.
- Support for API platforms, Digital Marketplace and other healthcare applications which involves defining operational metrics like service level agreements and key performance indicators for both operations and support.
Interoperability Kit for Healthcare Digital Exchange
In terms of products and solutions, THIS offers the Interoperability Kit for Healthcare Digital Exchange, which combines proven API tools and FHIR-specific data models and templates, plus legacy transformation patterns and principles.
Interoperability Kit for Healthcare Data Exchange
THIS’ DigitMarketTM API Manager seamlessly manages all of an organization’s API cycles: Industry analyst Ovum (now Omdia) said in a report that DigitMarketTM “Offers digital ecosystem enablement in one package”.
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Coupler offers an alternative, simpler method to build microservices using a low-code, no-code approach and can accelerate microservices initiatives by 40%.
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AutoStub® can speed up API development by up to 20% as it can reduce build time by designing, prototyping, documenting and testing APIs using a functional mock that allows developers to work with APIs before they are fully implemented.
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Deplomatic can reduce governance costs by 35% as an API-first, integration-friendly tool for quickly creating and maintaining cloud native data environments that run on containers. It and ensures deployments are less error-prone and more repeatable.
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AutomatonTM can reduce test effort by 30% as multiple award-winning, no-code tool that automates testing of data interfaces, APIs, user interface components and all the other elements of an application. Users can run tests without coding knowledge.
The schematic below shows how the tools could fit into a healthcare data exchange scenario. | https://www.torryharris.com/blog/the-fast-healthcare-interoperability-resources-fhir-and-hl7-standard |
Discussion will cover strategic initiatives around the Internet of Things, mobile, analytics, containers, cloud, microservices, business processes, and the consumerization of IT
Mountain View, CA – November 3, 2015 – In an increasingly connected world, enterprises are extending new business models, processes and services across their employees, customers and partners. In his keynote presentation at WSO2Con US 2015 today, Dr. Sanjiva Weerawarana, WSO2 founder, CEO and chief architect, will discuss evolving IT architectural requirements driven by the demands of a connected world. Additionally, he will review how new and upcoming products designed to work together within WSO2’s holistic platform are harnessing the power of analytics, Internet of Things (IoT), mobile, cloud, containers, microservices, and business processes, among others, to deliver on these demands.
WSO2Con US 2015, WSO2’s ninth user conference, runs November 2-4, 2015, at the Park Central Hotel in San Francisco, CA. Dr. Weerawarana’s keynote will open the day on November 3, at 9:00 a.m. Pacific. In addition to the keynotes, the three-day event also features several conference sessions and technical tutorials examining the market forces, technology developments, and IT best practices for excelling in the connected world. For more information, visit http://us15.wso2con.com.
“Ten years ago, we started WSO2 to redefine middleware and create a holistic, entirely open source platform for addressing the application and integration requirements of enterprises with highly diverse, heterogeneous environments. Today, more than 2.2 trillion of our global customers’ transactions run through WSO2 enterprise middleware each year,” said Dr. Weerawarana. “We have now seen a sea change in enterprise IT requirements with the growth of cloud, mobile and IoT platforms in today’s connected world. Through the new and significantly re-architected products we are rolling out with our platform, we are continuing our commitment to support the technologies and IT approaches that empower innovation.”
Analytics Everywhere
Unprecedented volumes of data from the Web, mobile devices, and IoT sensors are giving enterprises new insights into enhancing customer and partner interactions, identifying new business models, anticipating and preventing security breaches and technology failures, and improving operations. WSO2 Data Analytics Server (WSO2 DAS) 3.0, announced today, addresses this demand. WSO2 DAS 3.0 is the next evolution of WSO2 Business Activity Monitor 2.5, which it replaces. It combines into one integrated, high-performance platform real-time and batch analysis of data with predictive analytics via machine learning to support the multiple demands of mobile, Web, cloud, and IoT-based apps.
Available today are the WSO2 DAS 3.0 platform providing the combined functionality, WSO2 Complex Event Processor 4.0 (WSO2 CEP) for users who only need to analyze streaming events in real time, and WSO2 Machine Learner 1.0 for those who only require predictive analytics. Significantly, WSO2 DAS also is being incorporated into the next generation of WSO2’s products, including API management, IoT and mobility management, business process management (BPM), and governance, among others.
Mobility and the Internet of Things
IoT and mobile devices are fostering new business models across a range of markets. However, implementing these new models requires the ability to provision and manage IoT devices and applications, as well as to integrate information from them in order to act on it. Today, WSO2 announced IoT optimizations in WSO2 DAS 3.0 and the WSO2 integration platform, including WSO2 Message Broker 3.0, WSO2 Enterprise Service Bus (WSO2 ESB) 4.9, WSO2 Business Process Server (WSO2 BPS 3.5), and WSO2 Data Services Server (WSO2 DSS) 3.5.
In his WSO2Con US keynote, Dr. Weerawarana also is previewing two products to address IoT and mobility demands, which are scheduled to launch in late Q4 2015/early Q1 2016. Both offerings are being built on WSO2 Connected Device Management Framework (CDMF), which provides functionality for device registration and management.
- WSO2 IoT Server 1.0 is a comprehensive server for implementing an IoT architecture, including the management of IoT devices, APIs and applications. It is based on WSO2 CDMF and incorporates IoT device plugins along with functionality for IoT API management derived from WSO2 API Manager 1.9, analytics from WSO2 DAS 3.0, and IoT application management from WSO2 App Manager 2.0.
- WSO2 Enterprise Mobility Manager is designed to manage mobile devices, APIs and applications. The forthcoming version 2.0 is being re-architected to use WSO2 CDMF and incorporates mobile device plugins along with functionality for mobile application and API management derived from WSO2 App Manager 2.0 and WSO2 API Manager 1.9, respectively, as well as analytics from WSO2 DAS 3.0.
Containers and the Cloud
Increasingly, enterprises are running their applications in containers to achieve greater agility and scalability, as well as better resource utilization. In support of these organizations, WSO2 is migrating its cloud platforms from the Apache Stratos platform-as-a-service (PaaS) framework to a Kubernetes framework. Developed by Google, Kubernetes is an open source orchestration system for Docker containers, which groups the containers that comprise an application into logical units for easy management and discovery. WSO2 plans to launch two PaaS developments based on this migration in Q1 2016:
- Products within the cloud-enabled WSO2 enterprise middleware platform will be available as Docker containers that can run on Kubernetes, as cartridges designed to run on Apache Stratos, or alternative packages for other PaaS frameworks in order to implement a private PaaS.
- WSO2 App Factory 2.0, the application PaaS (aPaaS) that features robust application life-cycle management capabilities, will be re-architected into Docker containers that give enterprises the option of running on Kubernetes.
The Move to Leaner IT and Microservices
The growing need to support applications across multiple platforms—from the Web and cloud to IoT and mobile devices—is reshaping enterprise IT architecture. IT organizations require software that can support today’s demands for high scalability while also remaining lean enough to run in highly distributed and diverse environments. At the application level, this is leading to the move toward microservices. WSO2 is addressing these architectural shifts with three product developments that are scheduled to launch in Q4 2015.
WSO2 Carbon 5.0 is a complete redesign of the component-based framework that provides core capabilities to all WSO2 middleware products. Version 5.0 features a composable server architecture with a leaner footprint, and it removes tight coupling with legacy libraries, such as Axis2 and XML. Additionally, multi-tenancy is no longer embedded in the kernel; instead WSO2 Carbon 5.0 mandates that multi-tenancy be provided using a PaaS framework, such as Kubernetes.
WSO2 Gateway 1.0 is an ultra high performance, lightweight and configuration-driven message gateway based on standard gateway patterns. It relies on the Apache Camel message processing engine for mediation and Netty, a non-blocking IO (NIO) client server framework, for the development of network applications such as protocol servers and clients. Powered by WSO2 Carbon 5.0, WSO2 Gateway will serve as a foundational component in the next releases of WSO2 ESB, and in new planned products: WSO2 API Gateway, WSO2 File Gateway, and WSO2 Security Gateway.
WSO2 Microservices Server 1.0 is a fast, lightweight runtime engine, based on JAX-RS, the Java programming language API for creating RESTful Web services, which provides a simple way to develop, deploy and monitor microservices. Each microservice identifies a single purpose, and it is loosely coupled in design and deployed independently to ensure scalability and reliability. Additionally, WSO2 Microservices Server offers built-in metrics and analytics APIs with out-of-the-box integration to WSO2 DAS.
The “Consumerization” of IT
The online consumer experience is raising the bar on users’ expectations for enterprise systems. WSO2 helps IT organizations address this demand by providing the ability to provision and manage enterprise assets—such as APIs, applications, services, among others—through socially enabled consumer store-like capabilities. Among new and forthcoming products:
- WSO2 Enterprise Store 2.0, launched in September 2015, is the first complete platform for managing and provisioning any type of asset—applications, APIs, gadgets, e-books and other resources—across the entire enterprise asset life cycle.
- WSO2 Governance Registry 5.0, announced today, provides comprehensive, out-of-the-box support for a range of governance and life-cycle management scenarios. Version 5.0 integrates the functionality of Enterprise Store 2.0 and API governance capabilities of WSO2 API Manager. The result is a single center that offers a consumer-grade experience for developers to govern everything, from APIs to services to tokens.
- WSO2 Dashboard Server 2.0, the new release of the previously named WSO2 User Engagement Server is scheduled to launch in Q1 2016. It will further enhance the ability of users to build dashboards, microsites and gadgets using internal or third-party data resources, as well as share them among authenticated or anonymous users across the enterprise.
- WSO2 Process Center 1.0, scheduled to launch in Q2 2016, is powered by WSO2 Enterprise Store functionality, and makes it easy for anyone in the enterprise to document and discover processes—from simple Word documents to sophisticated Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) or Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) flows. WSO2 Process Center will form the central component of WSO2’s BPM platform, combining process design, implementation, execution, analysis and monitoring, optimization, and governance.
About WSO2
WSO2 delivers on the promise of the connected business with the only completely integrated enterprise platform that enables businesses to build, integrate and manage their APIs, applications, and Web services on-premises, in the cloud, and on mobile devices. Leading enterprise customers worldwide rely on WSO2’s award-winning 100% open source platform and its robust governance and DevOps functionality for their mission-critical applications. Today, these businesses represent nearly every sector: health, financial, retail, logistics, manufacturing, travel, technology, telecom and more. Visit https://wso2.com or check out the WSO2 community on the WSO2 Blog, Twitter, LinkedIn and Facebook.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. | https://wso2.com/about/news/wso2-ceo-will-unveil-new-and-upcoming-products-designed-to-harness-todays-connected-world-at-wso2con/ |
The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, programming language-agnostic interface description for REST APIs, which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of a service without requiring access to source code, additional documentation, or inspection of network traffic. When properly defined via OpenAPI, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. Similar to what interface descriptions have done for lower-level programming, the OpenAPI Specification removes guesswork in calling a service.
Use cases for machine-readable API definition documents include, but are not limited to: interactive documentation; code generation for documentation, clients, and servers; and automation of test cases. OpenAPI documents describe an API's services and are represented in either YAML or JSON formats. These documents may either be produced and served statically or be generated dynamically from an application.
Performing security assessment of OpenAPI-based APIs can be a tedious task due to Burp Suite (industry standard) lacking native OpenAPI parsing capabilities. A solution to this situation, is to use third-party tools (e.g.
SOAP-UI) or to implement custom scripts (often on a per engagement basis) to handle the parsing of OpenAPI documents and integrate/chain the results to Burp Suite to use its first class scanning capabilities.
Swurg is an OpenAPI parser that aims to streamline this entire process by allowing security professionals to use Burp Suite as a standalone tool for security assessment of OpenAPI-based APIs.
Swagger specification, fully compliant with OpenAPI 2.0/3.0 Specifications (OAS). Supports both JSON and YAML formats.
Send to Swagger Parserfeature under the
Target -> Site mapcontext menu.
Comparer, Intruder, Repeater, Scanner and Site mapBurp tools.
$ git clone https://github.com/AresS31/swurg $ cd .\swurg\
$ gradle fatJar
In Burp Suite, under the
Extender/Options tab, click on the
Add button and load the
swurg-all jarfile.
The Swagger Parser library is required and automatically imported in this project.
In July 2016, after posting a request for improvement on the PortSwigger support forum, I decided to take the initiative and to implement a solution myself.
The extension is still in development, feedback, comments and contributions are therefore much appreciated.
Copyright (C) 2016 - 2018 Alexandre Teyar
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. | https://awesomeopensource.com/project/aress31/swurg |
APIs have existed nearly as long as websites themselves. But because APIs are primarily consumed by programs instead of people, they tend to be less visible than applications or sites directly accessed by users. The result: APIs often receive far less attention from a site reliability engineering (SRE) and monitoring perspective than other parts of application environments.
Indeed, virtually every enterprise SRE and IT team today monitors its application services and the infrastructure that hosts them. APIs, however, don’t necessarily feature within monitoring workflows.
This oversight creates tremendous risk for many businesses, which have become centrally dependent on APIs to deliver the applications that their customers expect. If you lack visibility into the availability and responsiveness of the APIs and other third-party services that your applications depend on to do their jobs, you can’t guarantee a positive customer experience.
Fortunately, you can incorporate APIs without having to rebuild your monitoring workflows from scratch. To provide guidance, this article walks you through how to manage the performance of APIs and other third-party services. We’ll cover:
- How APIs work
- The unique monitoring challenges APIs present
- Best practices for maximizing API monitoring as part of a broader performance management strategy
How APIs work today
Short for application programming interface, an API is a service that allows an application to interact with other applications or services. APIs define how different applications or services can exchange requests and data with each other. They make it possible to:
- Ingest data from a variety of other services
- Authenticate users to one application using a directory service that is hosted elsewhere
- Sync calendar events between different applications
In other words, APIs are the glue that bind together the various services and resources that make up modern applications.
Because APIs play such a central role in uniting the different parts of modern applications, monitoring them for performance is critical. A problem with an API means a problem integrating one layer of an application with another, which can quickly translate to major disruptions.
APIs and application performance
Businesses adopt APIs on a massive scale to connect and integrate disparate applications and services. Whether you deploy a variety of applications to power your business or you integrate your applications with third-party platforms, APIs are the foundation for your entire user journey together.
Users may never see APIs directly in the way that they see other parts of your application. Nonetheless, a problem with any part of any API becomes a roadblock for the user. To guarantee a positive user experience, then, businesses must be able to guarantee the performance of several aspects of their APIs.
- API availability. First and foremost, APIs must be available. If an API service stops responding, it’s critical for your team to know so that they can direct requests to an alternative service or, at a minimum, notify users of the disruption.
- API responsiveness. The speed at which APIs handle requests plays an important role in the overall user experience. You need to be able to track responsiveness and identify bottlenecks to ensure your users don’t wait longer than they expect when using your applications.
- API security. APIs must be secure. Anomalies in API behavior that could signal misuse of the API service must be addressed to protect against the risk of leaking data to unauthorized parties, or service disruptions caused by malicious users.
(Read about application performance monitoring.)
The challenges of API monitoring
Many modern SRE and IT teams recognize the importance of API monitoring. But they still fail to incorporate APIs adequately into their performance management strategy, due to the special challenges associated with API monitoring.
Let’s look at some of these challenges.
APIs hide in the background
Unlike other application components, APIs are machine-to-machine services, rather than resources that users see directly. That makes it harder in some respects to detect problems associated with them. An application failure could be the result of a problem with an API on which the application depends, or it could just be a problem with the application itself.
You need to dig deeper into your monitoring data to understand when APIs are not working properly.
Complex API service mappings
There is rarely a one-to-one relationship between APIs and services. Instead, multiple APIs may serve a single service, and a single API usually serves multiple services. This means that there is a complex web of relationships to map when trying to understand how an API problem translates to an application problem.
Without the ability to map and interpret these complex relationships, it’s difficult to pinpoint the source of API performance issues or understand their impact on the overall user experience.
Monitoring APIs requires monitoring flow
Similarly, no API is an island. APIs typically connect to other APIs, and it’s only by monitoring the flow of requests across APIs that you can accurately identify bottlenecks and other performance issues.
For example, imagine a shopping app that lets customers find and order items. The application might use a variety of APIs:
- A product search API to display a listing of products
- A product description API to provide details on a product that the customer clicks
- Another API determines whether the product is in stock
- This API enables the customer to purchase it
These APIs don’t call each other directly, but they still depend on each other because the data provided by one API needs to be ingested into another API as the customer journey continues.
From a monitoring perspective, then, teams need to be able to understand how this flow of data impacts performance. Knowing simply that the item availability API performs adequately under generic conditions doesn’t guarantee that it will respond properly when it receives the actual product data produced by a real-world request to the production description API. Teams need to test the entire flow between different APIs, using a variety of variables, to monitor performance reliably.
Multiple API architectures
APIs come in a variety of forms, with each standard or protocol using different methods to structure and exchange data. This diversity adds a layer of complexity to collecting data about API performance. There is no universal method that works for all types of APIs under all conditions.
Third-party APIs
Monitoring third-party APIs can be particularly challenging because the external platform may limit how much information your team can collect about them. They may not expose logs and metrics, for example. This lack of full visibility means teams are restricted to the information they can collect from the receiving end of the API.
They may also need to rely on synthetic interactions with the API to generate performance data that is not available to them through production data streams.
Thus, there is a solution to the challenges of third-party APIs — synthetic interaction — but it requires teams to take an extra step that they may overlook.
Best practices for API performance management
The challenges described above make API performance management more difficult in some ways than managing other parts of your application environment. Nonetheless, there are several steps that SRE and IT teams can take to understand and optimize the performance of the APIs they depend on, even when they lack as much information as they would ideally have.
Use pre-deployment API testing
Testing APIs before they go into production is one important step toward avoiding issues that will impact your customers. Although testing can’t guarantee that you’ll identify and address all problems before deployment, validating the compatibility of both internal and third-party APIs with your applications under test conditions will significantly increase your chances of catching performance issues early.
Toward that end, take advantage of synthetic API interactions to gather data about API performance within test environments. And, when possible, test your releases with actual APIs to gain greater accuracy into performance and reliability.
Focus on business-relevant API metrics
In both pre- and post-deployment API monitoring, focus on collecting actionable data, like the response rates of different APIs and the number of users or requests impacted by an API problem. Business-centric metrics like these will help you triage API performance issues in order to respond to the most pressing ones first.
Here again, synthetic API monitoring plays a critical role in generating data that you may not be able to collect from real-user interactions — or that you can’t collect early enough in the software delivery lifecycle to find and fix issues before they impact end users.
Map API relationships
Ensure that your monitoring tools and workflows can understand the relationships between APIs within your environment. Know which services depend on which APIs, and how requests can flow between one API and another. This mapping is crucial for pinpointing the source of an API performance problem quickly.
Then, once you think you’ve mapped the relationships, test API interactions to confirm that services actually integrate and interact in the ways your mappings suggest.
Correlate API monitoring data
The data you collect about APIs is but one piece in the observability pie. It’s only by contextualizing that data with other information from your environment — like application metrics and log analytics – that you can isolate API issues from other types of performance problems and understand how API problems impact your applications and users.
In other words, don’t analyze API data in a silo; integrate it into your end-to-end observability workflow.
Performance management requires API monitoring
No performance management strategy is complete if it doesn’t address APIs. Although API monitoring can be challenging, it’s a crucial step for optimizing customer experiences in today’s API-focused world.
With the end-to-end toolchain of Splunk Observability, you can continuously monitor and correlate all your first- and third-party APIs to verify availability, performance, functionality and data quality.
What is Splunk?
The original version of this blog was published by Billy Hoffman. This posting does not necessarily represent Splunk's position, strategies or opinion. | https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/learn/api-monitoring-performance-management.html |
COVID-19: Accelerating Interoperability
In March 2020, The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the Interoperability and Patient Access final rule, removing barriers to accessing and sharing data for consumers, providers and payors.
At the same time, attempts to navigate the chaos of COVID-19 have only served to underscore the need for enhanced interoperability. All stakeholders are seeing in real time the benefits of sharing data and the problems that arise when information is not shared between providers, payors and patients.
As the battle against COVID-19 stretches healthcare organizations’ resources on multiple fronts, leaders cannot afford to lose focus on the fast-approaching CMS interoperability deadlines.
Establishing a Framework to Move Forward
The latest CMS regulations offer significant interoperability advancements that put patients in control of their data. Through application programming interfaces (APIs), the healthcare industry will allow patients to easily transfer data from place to place, providing patients and physicians with deeper insights into a patient’s health.
Providers, electronic health record (EHR) vendors and software developers will be working hard to prepare for this new wave of requirements. Standards like fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR) are evolving, creating inconsistencies around how they are adopted by the EHR vendors and developers utilizing the API standards.
It is imperative that organizations develop a comprehensive view of the implications of the new CMS regulations, including governance, technology infrastructure, security, processes and data quality. Chief information officers must be educated on the marketplace, regulations and implementation guidance to determine how the new policies can be embraced and integrated into their information technology (IT) strategy.
Once a framework has been established, organizations can proceed with specific plans to address each of the new policies.
Below are several areas of the recent CMS ruling that organizations should act on immediately:
Patient Access API
The patient access API policy requires that patients can access their data whenever and wherever, creating a more holistic understanding of their health and guiding better health decisions.
Starting January 1, 2021, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) and plans on the federal exchanges (that begin in 2021) will be required to support a standardized API (HL7 FHIR version 4.0.1) that allows patients to access claims and various information related to their medical encounter, such as cost or clinical information, through a third-party app of their choice. The API could also be used to integrate a health plan’s information to a patient’s EHR.
Organizations should complete a current-state assessment that identifies the ways patients enroll into health information portals, the ways they review and use information, and barriers to access. Planning and implementing new technology will include identification of actionable steps to improve processes associated with patient access and their health decision making.
Provider Directory API
Another rule applicable by January 2021 states that provider directory information must be made publicly available.
Inaccurate provider information has consequences for patients, payors and providers. Wrong telephone numbers and location information limit access to care. The provider directory API rule is meant to enable patients and providers to find other providers to coordinate care for patients, leading to improved accuracy, timeliness and overall quality of care. As CMS-regulated payors are required to make provider directory information publicly available for care coordination purposes via an open access API, a review of the organization’s ability to maintain provider information and update digital contact information will help determine organizational readiness.
Processes to obtain, update and share provider information should be assessed and documented. Keep in mind that provider information will be available to consumers, and updated processes will direct consumers toward appropriate provider services, increasing the importance of frequently updated and accurate information.
Payor-To-Payor Data Exchange
Beginning on or after January 1, 2022, this rule is designed to enable payors to exchange relevant clinical data at the patient’s request, allowing patients to transfer their data from payor to payor as they change jobs or qualify for other types of medical insurance.
This will enable more efficient care, help eliminate gaps in care and support better decision making about care. Payors may also use the data to help inform their own business models and reimbursement structures.
Understanding how patients interact with their available health information is the first step toward patient-centered data exchange and toward a dynamic electronic patient record. An assessment of current technology capabilities and its use by the organization and patients should be conducted. Readiness and actionable steps can then be identified as part of the organization’s framework to assist in the transfer of patient data from payor to payor.
For more information, contact us or visit our COVID-19 resources page. | https://www.huronconsultinggroup.com/insights/covid-19-accelerating-interoperability |
We’re a Business Process Outsourcing provider offering our clients with 1st Class Client Customer Services, Lead Generation, IT Solutions & Services. We are currently looking to hire an experienced Developer with mobile App skills, the ideal candidate should be able to build mobile apps for both Android and IOS platforms.
- Minimum Qualification: HND
- Experience Level: Mid level
- Experience Length: 3 years
Job Description/Requirements
Skills
· Android Platform Development
· IOS Platform Development
· Mobile UI Experience
· React experience
· Exposure to other mobile development systems & languages
· Exposure to typescript
· HTML, PHP, ASP Coding
· Web Service (SOAP, REST, JSON, XML)
Responsibilities
· Development and support of iOS/Android applications
· Ensure the performance, quality, and responsiveness of the application
· Collaborate with a team to define, design, and ship new features and enhancements
· Identify and correct performance bottlenecks and bugs
· Help maintain code quality, organization, and test automation
Experience:
· Minimum of 3 years professional experience
· 2+ years of experience major platforms (iOS, Android) either natively, or using cross-platform tools like Flutter or React Native
· APIs, and relational & NoSQL databases
· Experience with third-party libraries and APIs
· Understanding of the Agile development life-cycle
· Flexible approach, self-motivated and organised.
Perks of working for this Client: | https://www.jobberman.com/listings/web-developer-mobile-app-48m45z |
Get help with specific problems with your technologies, process and projects.
Google Android operating system and devices
How can IT manage Android Things devices in the enterprise?
The Android Things program provides APIs that link atypical Android devices to Android smartphone management tools, so mobile admins must learn to manage Android Things devices. Continue Reading
What can IT do to enhance Android security?
Android is just as secure as its competitors' OSes, but IT should still remain vigilant. Here are three ways to secure Android devices for the enterprise. Continue Reading
How can Android Enterprise Recommended improve user privacy?
To tackle the issues of mobile user privacy and security at the same time, IT can deploy Android Enterprise Recommended devices and partition them with an Android Enterprise API. Continue Reading
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How can zero-touch enrollment help Android admins?
Zero-touch enrollment can simplify the logistics of Android device provisioning for IT. This option has some restrictions, but some organizations can benefit from this method. Continue Reading
Which Android Device Admin APIs will Google deprecate?
With the release of Android Q, Google will discontinue several Android Device Admin APIs. Learn which Android management APIs will be deprecated and which will remain. Continue Reading
Use Android Enterprise to lock down mobile devices
IT can integrate Android controls with EMM tools via APIs from Google's Android Enterprise program. These EMM capabilities can help IT manage updates and secure devices.Continue Reading
Why Linux on Samsung DeX creates challenges for IT
Using DeX, users can create a Linux desktop with their Samsung smartphones. But IT should be aware of the challenges with its deployment and management.Continue Reading
What problems occur with Intune app protection for Outlook?
IT needs to configure settings a certain way to avoid problems when end users connect Outlook to Exchange Online. Here are steps to ensure that end users experience little friction.Continue Reading
How can IT reduce smartphone viruses?
It's important for organizations to stay current on what's new in mobile malware and to develop security policies to combat these vulnerabilities.Continue Reading
How well do you know enterprise mobile devices? | https://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/info/problemsolve/Google-Android-operating-system-and-devices |
Duke Researchers Reveal Genetic Causes of Rare, But Lethal HSTL
Led by a team from Duke, an international group of 56 researchers has found new mutations identifying potential treatments and new hope for patients with hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma (HSTL or HSCTL) — one of the deadliest cancers known.
Through whole exome sequencing of 68 human tissue samples from more than 20 institutions, researchers were able to define the genetic landscape of HSTL, including recurrently mutated driver genes and copy number alterations. It is the largest clinical and genetic study ever described in HSTL.
“The top genes that affect these patients are SETD2, STAT5B, STAT3, INO80 and PIK3CD,” said Duke Cancer Institute physician-scientist Sandeep Dave, MD, MS, MBA, the senior and corresponding author of a Cancer Discovery paper that revealed the results of the three-year groundbreaking study in its March 2017 issue. “Not only are they of interest because they give rise to this lethal disease but also because they immediately suggest new therapies.”
Co-first author Matthew McKinney, MD, a hematologist/oncologist who works on the translational aspects of genomics in leukemias and lymphomas and the development of novel therapies, led the biological work for the study. Computational biologist Andrea Moffitt, who recently earned her PhD from the Duke Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, led the computational analysis of the data.
McKinney said that their study suggests that a combination of ruxolitinib phosphate, which targets the JAK-STAT pathway (activated by mutations in the STAT5B and STAT3 genes in HSTL) and idelalisib, which targets the PI 3-kinase pathway (activated by mutations in the PIK3CD gene in HSTL) could be a potentially effective therapy for some HSTL patients.
Ruxolitinib phosphate and idelalisib are small molecule inhibitors or targeted therapies. The signaling pathways they target are critical to cell proliferation and survival in HSTL.
Ruxolitnib phosophate (brand name, Jakafi), according to the National Cancer Institute, works by binding to and inhibiting protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The drug is currently only FDA-approved to treat myelofibrosis and the slow-growing blood cancer polycythemia vera — diseases in which the bone marrow produces too many cells.
Idelalisib (brand name, Zydelig), according to NCI, works by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, motility, and survival and is currently FDA-approved for use alone or with other drugs to treat a recurrence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
The research team also discovered the potential for targeting molecular alterations in the SETD2 gene, one of a group of chromatin modifying genes that the researchers identified, including INO80 and ARID1B, which are commonly mutated in HSTL and affect 62 percent of cases.
They experimentally demonstrated that SETD2 acts as a tumor suppressor gene and is the most frequently silenced gene in HSTL.
“We have some indication from this study, and from what we know about other tumors which are SETD2- mutated, about some drugs that could work, but we need to understand more about the biology behind what SETD2 does first,” said McKinney.
Only a few hundred cases of HSTL are diagnosed each year, worldwide, and it affects predominantly patients in their ‘30s; often young men. McKinney, who has seen three HSTL patients referred to his practice at Duke over the past year, said patients almost inevitably succumb to their disease within less than a year of diagnosis.
Unlike other lymphomas, he said, HSTL tends to progress right through first and second line chemotherapy treatments, instead of slowing down or going into remission.
“I suggest high intensity multi-does chemotherapy as a first-line treatment, and possibly bone marrow transplant, for most HTSL patients, and often these do not result in cure of the disease, so we need to embark on studies of molecular targeted therapy such as with ruxolitinib and/or idelalisib,” said McKinney. “As there’s no FDA-approved treatment for this disease; we don’t have a set effective regimen.”
Dave said it’s too early to know just how effective these drugs will be, and because there are so few HSTL patients, these therapies aren’t likely to be tested in clinical trials for the disease.
He said that inevitably some Duke and non-Duke patients will now get treated off-label with these drugs, and he’s hoping the data in the study will give insurers a rationale for covering these experimental drugs.
“Probably the biggest obstacle for patients is getting insurance companies to pay for these drugs,” said Dave.
His lab set up an online HSTL forum to share information about HSTL and encourage patients, their caregivers, and physicians to communicate their treatment experiences and donate patient tissue samples.
“In this way, we hope to track how the experimental therapies are working,” said Dave. “It could be greatly beneficial to other patients and our continued research.”
Researchers across DCI are taking a close look at molecular mutations across cancers to see what’s targetable. Moving forward, the Dave Lab, which focuses on genetic underpinnings of cancer, is continuing to study the risk factors for and molecular features of HTSL, particularly in patients who have inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and other autoimmune diseases. Dave said the immune-suppression drugs taken to combat these conditions is a risk factor for HSTL, and the use of those drugs is rising.
The lab is now trying to dissect some of the mechanisms of the most common mutations for HSTL through transgenic mouse models.
From Duke, hematologic oncologist Anne W. Beaven, MD, and professor of immunology and molecular genetics Yuan Zhuang, PhD — both with DCI — as well as Dave Lab members lead bioinformatician Anupama Reddy, PhD, staff scientist Guojie Li, PhD, post-doctoral fellow Jyotishka Datta, bioinformatics specialist Deepthi Rajagopalan, lab manager Cassandra Love, MS, and graduate students Nicholas Davis and Jenny Zhang, also contributed to this research and paper published in Cancer Discovery. The full list of authors, including from other institutions, are listed here. | http://dukecancerinstitute.org/index.php/news/duke-researchers-reveal-genetic-causes-rare-lethal-hstl |
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Recent insights into the molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) have given rise to specific target-directed therapies, including monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These drugs have been approved as first, second and third line therapies for metastatic CRC (mCRC) and the advent of target-specific cancer therapeutics has remarkably improved the outcomes of patients with CRC. The molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical response to these drugs are not fully understood, although recent studies have elucidated the effect of intracellular signaling pathways involving in particular RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling on the safety and efficacy of target-specific drugs. Activating mutations of KRAS and BRAF genes are genetic events in tumorigenesis and these mutations are implicated as predictive factors in determining response, in particular to anti-EGFR drugs, and additional data suggest that other EGFR downstream pathways such as PI3K/PTEN/Akt or JAK/STAT are also important when considering mechanisms of EGFR antibody resistance. Recently the European Medical Agency (EMEA) approved the use of the mAb Panitumumab (December 2007) and approved a license extension for the use of the mAb Cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment (October 2008) in mCRC patients with no mutations in the codon 12 and 13 of KRAS gene. The predictive value of KRAS mutations in the treatment of CRC has been very useful to clinicians and patients in terms of decision making, avoiding toxicities, and decreasing financial burden. This success also encourages researchers to find new markers with the same strong predictive value. Future studies also need to identify patterns of multiple mutations to further increase the power of patient selection for anti-EGFR therapy. These advances allow us to truly enter a new and exciting era of individualized therapy in oncology. Here we review the molecular basis of EGFR-targeted therapies and the resistance to treatments conferred by KRAS and other gene mutations as well as the laboratory methods used to detect all these genetic variations.
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20088793?dopt=Abstract |
An Anglo-German joint project has identified dozens of genes that contribute to the development of leukaemia in children with Down’s syndrome, it has been announced.
The researchers say their findings point to existing drugs that might improve treatment of the condition.
About 30% of children with Down’s syndrome have an abnormality in the GATA1 gene that puts them at high risk of leukaemia. The researchers set out to identify the further genetic changes that lead 10% of these children to go on to develop overt myeloid leukaemia.
Through genetic screening of samples donated by children with Down’s syndrome, and functional screens in mouse models, the researchers report on 43 genetic changes that lead to the development of leukaemia. They also identify that the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib could be effective against some cases of Down’s syndrome-associated leukaemia.
The project involved scientists at the University of Oxford, UK, with Hannover Medical School and Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg in Germany. The findings were reported in the journal Cancer Cell last week.
Professor Paresh Vyas from Oxford's MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, who co-led the study, said that the research opens the possibility of testing children with Down’s syndrome for the additional mutations responsible for disease progression, as well as mutations in GATA1. “This would mean that we could identify the 10% of children who will develop leukaemia more quickly and easily, and importantly reassure 90% of families whose children will not develop leukaemia”, Vyas said.
“The identification of these genetic changes may also mean we can develop and test new treatments specifically targeting the genetic changes we now know are required by the leukaemia - and so develop more targeted treatments with less side effects.”
Dr Mariana Delfino-Machin from the UK Medical Research Council, which part-funded the work, said: “The recent identification of a group of genes linked to leukaemia in children with Down's syndrome is an important first step towards developing early diagnostic tests and identifying effective treatments to help these patients.”
Source: Labuhn, M., Perkins, K., Matzk, S., Varghese, L., Garnett, C., Papaemmanuil, E., Metzner, M., Kennedy, A., Amstislavskiy, V., Risch, T., Bhayadia, R., Samulowski, D., Cruz Hernandez, D., Stoilova, B., Iotchkova, V., Oppermann, U., Scheer, C., Yoshida, K., Schwarzer, A., Taub, J., Crispino, J.D., Weiss, M.J., Hayashi, A., Taga, T., Ito, E., Ogawa, S., Reinhardt, D., Yaspo, M.-L., Campbell, P.J., Roberts, I., Constantinescu, S., Vyas, P., Heckl, D., Klusmann, J.-H. (2019) “Mechanisms Of Progression Of Myeloid Preleukemia To Transformed Myeloid Leukemia In Children With Down Syndrome”, Cancer Cell, available from doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.06.007
Disclaimer: The news stories shared on this site are used as a way to inform our members and followers of updates and relevant information happening in Haematology. The BSH does not endorse the content of news items from external sources, and is not in a position to verify the findings, accuracy or the source of any studies mentioned. Any medical or drugs information is provided as an information resource only, and is not to be relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. | https://b-s-h.org.uk/about-us/news/downs-syndrome-leukaemia-genes-pinpointed/ |
Five of six patients with advanced metastatic urothelial cancer and at least one of two specific genetic abnormalities, responded to treatment with afatinib, which was approved in 2013 by the Food and Drug Administration for patients with lung cancer, researchers report online in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
One patient, who had both mutations, had stable disease for 16 months after taking afatinib. None of the other 17 patients in the trial, who lacked those specific abnormalities, had a significant response to the drug.
The trial was designed to see if daily 40 milligram doses of afatinib could prevent tumor progression for at least three months in patients who had developed resistance to the only first-line treatment for metastatic bladder cancer. Those who had one of the two mutations averaged 6.6 months without progression of their cancers. That was more than four times longer than patients without the mutations, who averaged only 1.4 months."Seven out of 23, or nearly 30 percent of these patients, had one of these potentially treatable mutations," said study director Peter O'Donnell, MD, an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Chicago. "The connections linking afatinib with a better response to treatment for this group of patients are encouraging. Our next step is to organize a follow-up trial focused entirely on patients with at least one of these mutations."
"Compared to other drugs which have been tried for refractory metastatic bladder cancer, including immune therapies which will likely be approved, the time to disease progression is significantly longer with afatinib in patients carrying the genetic abnormalities," he added. "There have been no other drugs approved in the U.S. in decades in this disease setting, and only one drug approved in Europe. Its progression-free time was half of what we are seeing with afatinib in this same population of patients."
There has been limited progress in developing effective new treatments for UC in the last 25 years, the study authors note. "Platinum-based therapy remains the only standard of care, with no approved second-line therapies."
Afatinib (marketed as Gilotrif) inhibits the activity of multiple forms of two proteins-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-that stimulate rapid cellular growth and division. Both are commonly involved in the development and progression of UC.
The researchers enrolled 23 patients with advanced UC into a phase 2 clinical trial. The median age was 67 years old. All of them had progressive disease despite platinum-based combination therapy. They all received 40mgs of oral afatinib per day. They were carefully monitored for drug-related complications and evaluated with CT and MRI scans every six weeks. The most common side effects were diarrhea (83 percent), followed by rash (78 percent) and fatigue (57 percent). The dose was reduced for three patients, but there were no treatment-related deaths.
Two patients had a partial response (some shrinkage of tumor). Seven had stable disease, and 14 had ongoing progression of the disease.
The key finding, however, was that five out of the six patients with molecular alterations in at least one of two specific genes-multiple copies of Her2, or mutations and multiple copies of ERBB3, abnormalities associated with a worse prognosis in previous studies-responded to the treatment.
The second patient to enter the study had alterations in both HER2 and ERBB3. This patient never progressed while on therapy. After 10.3 months, the patient developed a cardiac problem and was taken off the drug. After a short break, however, patient two resumed taking afatinib, outside of the trial. Her disease did not progress for another 5.7 months.
This study, the authors note, has several limitations, particularly its small sample size. But the ability to detect such significant differences in outcomes "raises the possibility that these molecular alterations are indeed highly correlated with afatinib responsiveness." It is also important, they add, to understand the mechanisms that enabled the disease to develop resistance to afatinib.
"In the era of personalized medicine," they add, "a nuanced understanding of molecular studies is vital for identifying patients most likely to benefit form selected therapies." | https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/cancer-articles/precision-medicine-brings-new-hope-to-those-with-advanced-urothelial-cancer |
Does anyone have the step by step method on how to do the reacting masses with gases callculation
I will use the "mole" method. Some schools do and some don't. If this is no good, let me know and I will translate.
The mass of anything can be converted into a number of moles....
Mass = no of moles x relative formula mass
The volume of any gas at room temperature and pressure is 24 dm3.
The chemical equation tells you the link between how many moles of solid and how many moles of gas.
So, as an example...
What mass of hydrogen gas is produced when 2.4g of magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
2.4g of magnesium is 2.4/24 moles = 0.1 mol
equation says one mole of Mg gives one mole of H2, so 0.1 mol of Mg gives 0.1 mol of H2.
1 mol of H2 has a volume of 24 dm3, so 0.1 mol has a volume of 2.4 dm3.
If you are at A-level, you need to use the ideal gas equation. I can also help with that if necessary. | https://revisionworld.com/discussionrooms/chemistry/method-reacting-masses-gases |
Given the following equation: N2(g) + 3H2(g) = 2NH3(g). Determine to one decimal place the molar mass of each term, and WRITE EACH ONE AS A CONVERSION from moles to grams.
-
Chemistry
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) at STP How many litres of ammonia gas is produced using 5 litres of H2? N2 + 3H2 ---> 2NH3 - the ratio between H2 and NH3 is 3 : 2 - it's given 5 litres of H2, so the volume of NH3 formed is 5/3*2 = 10/3
-
chemistry
Assuming all gases are at the same temperature and pressure, how many milliliters of hydrogen gas must react to give 49.0mL of NH3? 3H2(g)+N2(g)→2NH3(g)
-
Chemistry
Calculate the value of Keq for the following equation. Heat + N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g) [N2] = .533M [H2] = 1.600M [NH3] = 0.933M Bob if you're here, can you tell me if adding a substance like "Heat" to the equation changes the
-
Chemistry
Answer the following questions based on 2NH3->N2+3H2+450Joules How much heat is released in the equation: 6NH3->3N2+9H2 What is the heat of the reaction: H2+1/3N2->2/3NH3
-
physical science
nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia as follows N2(g)+3H2(g) -2NH3(g)
You can view more similar questions or ask a new question. | https://www.jiskha.com/questions/520507/6mols-of-n2-are-mixed-with-12mol-h2-according-to-the-following-equation-n2-3h2-2nh3 |
application of ideal gas law
This content was COPIED from BrainMass.com - View the original, and get the already-completed solution here!
Mole and Mass relationship in chemical equation:
1. What mass of ammonia, in grams, can be made from 440g of H2?
N2+3H2-2NH3
The combined Gas Law:
1.If the gas present in 4.65L at STP is changed to a temperature of 15C and pressure of 756mmHg, what will be new volume?
The Ideal Gas Law:
1. Calculate the volume, in liters, of 1.12mol of H2S(g) at 62C and 1.38atm.
2. Calculate the pressure, in atmospheres, of 4.46mol of CO(g) in a 3.96-L tank at 29C.
3. How many moles of Kr(g) are there in 2.22L of the gas at 698mmHg and 45C?
How it can be calculated?© BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com April 1, 2020, 1:08 pm ad1c9bdddf
https://brainmass.com/chemistry/gas-laws/problem-involving-the-application-of-ideal-gas-law-103296
Solution Summary
It provides several examples of applications of gas law find out volume, pressure, and moles of gas . | https://brainmass.com/chemistry/gas-laws/problem-involving-the-application-of-ideal-gas-law-103296 |
As 3D printing / additive manufacturing becomes a more accepted every day industrial tool, the focus is turning to best practices that help smooth out the kinks in preparing parts for the additive build.
By Leslie Langnau, Managing Editor
–Think differently.
–Don’t think about designing for manufacturability; simply create the design and address manufacturing later.
–Let your creativity free.
These are common bits of advice when it comes to developing a design for additive manufacturing. The implication is that design engineers are not taking full advantage of the benefits of additive manufacturing.
The other side of the story is that many service bureaus and additive support builders comment on how often they must “fix” an engineer’s design to ensure a proper additive build. Certain features, like closed volumes, overhangs, undercuts, or minimum thicknesses for example, must be dealt with before the actual additive build.
Designing specifically for additive is not as simple as many tell you it is. And because the process is not all that simple, it leads to several questions:
• Is there a missing piece between the CAD-STL-Additive build process? If so, what is it?
• Do CAD programs lack data or features to help engineers ensure that their designs can be made in an additive process?
• Do engineers have insufficient experience and knowledge to take advantage of additive’s design flexibility?
• Is the STL program insufficient for today’s machines?
• Is the problem with the additive machine itself?
The answer to all of these questions is a qualified yes.
Part of the issue is the assumption that CAD tools will automatically, accurately and smoothly move critical design data to each successive tool used in the product development process. But CAD vendors have built their software using proprietary algorithms and formulas. When CAD drawings go to the next step, some design data, such as designer intent, do not go with them. And neither STL nor AMF can fill in the data gaps from CAD files.
To address part of this issue, many AM vendors have developed a type of 3DP driver or middleware that takes the data from the STL file and fills in some of the information needed for printing. These parts include support structures and build topology, but this middleware can still miss some of the engineer’s design intent. Noted Anthony Graves, product manager CAM for Autodesk, “Middleware for CNC is CAM. The middleware for 3DP is what each vendor has developed. This middleware is a practical state of the union for the process workflow, and gets parts prepped for a machine quickly and easily. But STL is not the right tool to check the design to ensure it can be printed. And in some cases, this middleware may not support the STL model.”
Additive technology is so new as a manufacturing process (within the last 3 to 5 years) that no one has yet established best practices for CAD design or design for AM in general. Such a list is evolving. But, as Mark Barfoot, Managing Director at Hyphen Services, noted, “What’s needed is a ‘button’ on the CAD program that analyzes whether the design can be additively made, similar to what is available in most CAD programs for CNC machining and molding.”
Hod Lipson, a developer of the Additive Manufacturing File (AMF) program (a replacement for STL) would agree. He noted in a recent presentation that additive machines can print just about any shape, but it’s not quite as easy to design every shape in CAD. Thus, some of the issue of “designing for additive manufacturing” rests with the CAD programs.
For example, some of the issues relate to the design being modeled as a surface body in a CAD program rather than as a solid body. CAD programs do not automatically convert 2D surfaces to 3D objects.
Here’s another example, this one from a Geomagic tutorial. When processing a CAD model for printing, many 3D printers project a series of cross section curves through the model to determine what to fill and what not to fill. Any gap in the cross section curves, i.e., not water tight, will result in print errors.
Another common issue is designing volumes that intersect each other. 3D printing requires one surface. Intersecting volumes in a CAD file become separate meshes in the STL file, rather than a mesh around the entire part. The result will be a failed 3D print build.
Some CAD developers take a different view. Noted Graves, such issues are more with CAM than CAD.
The newness of using additive for manufacturing, as opposed to using it for prototyping, is also a factor in the limited experience many engineers have with this technology.
The newer 3DP/AM machines’ ability to print/build in color, multiple materials, and textures taxes the ability of the STL program to deliver all the data to these machines. That is why Lipson and his team were given the task of developing a newer CAD to AM translation program, known as AMF. See the sidebar Building a better CAD to 3D print translator for more on this issue.
Finally, part of the design for additive manufacturing issue rests with the machines themselves. The process of 3D printing is not standard. There are at least seven technologies you can use to additively build a part, and more are being developed as innovators experiment with new ideas. (Just watch a crowd-funding resource like Kickstarter to see what may come.) Each machine executes the build process a bit differently. Each machine has nuances to its operation.
As Fred Fisher, Director of Materials and Applications Product Management, Stratasys Ltd., noted, “The best chances of success are when engineers know how to optimize the design for use on an AM process to produce their part.”
For example, some AM machines are not good at horizontal cylindrical holes. But a powder based AM machine handles these types of holes just fine. Thus, understanding how each AM technology works will help engineers create a design that can be efficiently and effectively additively made.
Future 3DP/AM software should be able to deliver better slicing algorithms, better support structuring and development, and preview functions. In the mean time, software is available to check whether a part is ready for 3D printing. Many 3D printing service and prototype providers use some of the following programs to make any needed changes to a CAD design.
Magics, from Materialise, is viewed by many as one of the best tools around for this need. It is a data preparation software and STL Editor. The STL Editor portion lets you fix STL files without having to return to the original CAD file.
File fixing includes repair of flipped triangles, bad edges, unwanted holes, and the program can check for and fix collisions and other defects in the STL file. It also lets you apply textures, perform Boolean operations and advanced cuts, and duplicate parts or orient them in the best way for printing. It will even let you create no-build zones. Magics will also let you view slices and detect collisions.
Materialise recently announced 3-matic STL. This software enables design modification, remeshing, and the creation of 3D textures, lightweight models, and conformal structures all on STL. This software is used to quickly prepare CAD files from topology optimization, as well as to clean them up for 3D printing. Design modifications may be made directly on the STL, the scanned model or the CAD data. Rough STL files can be smoothed, reconstructed and simplified, creating a cleaner part. Making changes at this level ensures that the file is immediately ready for further finite element analysis or 3D printing. Additionally, 3-matic STL can add lattice structure to the design, saving even more material.
Netfabb is a cloud-based tool, available in several versions. The free version lets you analyze, test and repair STL files. You can split and cut them into parts, close holes, repair meshes, and control part placement and orientation on a build platform.
The Netfabb Studio Professional version is a full-range-mesh edit, repair, analysis, and slicing software for a number of input and output formats. It includes Boolean operations and file size reduction in its feature offerings.
Another popular mention is Rhinoceros 3D, or Rhino. It lets you use NURBS to create complex and unique 3D shapes. This software offers mesh repair tools, like CAP Holes and Remove Duplicates, which can make 3D printing preparation work easier.
A few 3D scanner programs offer some STL repair tools. Geomagic, from 3D Systems, for example, helps repair meshes made from scans.
Building a better CAD to 3D print translator
Chuck Hull invented the first stereolithography 3D printer, and he is also credited with inventing a program that can take a CAD file and convert it into code that would enable the 3D printer to build the design. That program is known as STL. Today, every 3DP/AM system is compatible with it.
STL uses the triangle—the most basic form for a surface that can be described from point data only—to convert CAD data into 3D printable data. Any three points can be chosen to approximate a portion of a surface. The issue is that the triangle is, by definition, flat. Thus, if the surface in the CAD file is curved, than the STL file delivers an approximation of that CAD data, resulting in a measurement deviation. One way to reduce the deviation is to make the triangle smaller than the surface it’s describing. But you can only go so far with this before the STL file becomes over large.
But this issue, while inconvenient, is not the main concern for many users. The recent 3DP and AM machine developments of printing in colors, textures and multiple materials have exceeded the ability of STL to contain all the needed data.
Other issues users are reporting are unit of measure inconsistencies, it doesn’t scale well with complex geometries like lattices and high resolution curved surfaces, it doesn’t handle parts with high volumetric complexity well, the file tends to have data redundancies, in addition to the previously mentioned inability to accommodate the newer features of AM machines, such as color and multiple materials.
For many users, a critical issue is the inability to alter an STL file and make corrections. For example, it would be nice to go into the file and change any meshes with normals pointing in the wrong direction.
However, because it is so well known, STL is still the dominant program used to send CAD data to any 3D printer.
But there is another option—the Additive Manufacturing File format (AMF). AMF (ISO/ASTM 52915 AMF specification) is supposed to be the solution to the problem of frequent corrections to 3DP/AM part design. The software does the job of delivering buildable parts; the problem is that it is not yet a part of every CAD software program or every 3D printer or AM machine. Vendors claim they are working to incorporate AMF into their CAD programs and printing machines, but they also claim they are waiting for stronger user demand for AMF.
AMF is an XML-based open standard for additive manufacturing. It divides code into “markup” and “content” tags. Similar to STL, objects are described using a mesh of triangles, but AMF lets you describe more details of your design, including the color of the surface and the volumetric structure of the interior. For example, you would use meta-materials to describe the internal structure inside a mesh surface. A meta-material is a combination of primary materials and voids in various combinations.
AMF handles the increasing part complexity and size of today’s parts, as well as the need for greater resolution and accuracy. It can handle large arrays of identical objects, complex repeated internal features (such as meshes), smooth curved surfaces that require fine resolution, and multiple components arranged for efficient printing.
In addition, the developers of AMF made it so that existing STL files can be converted into a valid AMF file without any loss of information. You can also take an AMF file and convert it to STL.
3D Systems
www.3dsystems.com
Autodesk
www.autodesk.com
Hyphen Services
www.hyphenservices.com
Materialise
www.materialise.com
Netfabb
www.netfabb.com
Rhinoceros 3D
www.rhino3d.com
Stratasys Ltd. | https://www.makepartsfast.com/insure-design-3d-printable/ |
Learn how books are manufactured and gain an understanding of the main issues and terminology used in book production.
This course is aimed at production staff and is also suitable for editors, sales or designers who need a better understanding of the manufacturing process. Each stage of the workflow is covered including colour, printing and binding, paper, pricing, and shipping.
There are a number of practical exercises throughout the day as well as visuals and physical samples – you will see what a printing plate looks like, what the inks are like in their raw state, and get to feel and compare the different paper types. You will cover the terminology used in book specifications and discuss the factors which affect the prices and schedules.
This course is an excellent all-round introduction to the production stages involved in the creation of a book and will help improve your day-to-day effectiveness, whatever your role within publishing.
Delivering The Course
We’re delighted that industry expert Nancy Roberts has chosen to deliver the Essentials of Book Production on behalf of Imago at our head office in Thame.
Nancy spent 20 years in the publishing sector working in print production and operations for companies including Quadrille, Kingfisher, Penguin/DK and Cambridge University Press, where she led a global team of over 150 staff as Global Operations Director, Academic.
She now has a portfolio career: she is the founder of Umbrella, a tech startup which uses data analytics, AI and machine learning to help businesses realise the benefits of a more diverse workforce, and she is also Head of Technology and Content at Maverick, providing specialist consultancy on production, technology and content to academic publishers and scholarly societies. She also co-runs Management In Publishing, providing bespoke management and leadership training and development tailored to the publishing industry. She has a PhD in Postcolonial Feminist Literary Theory and an Executive MBA from Cranfield University.
She is also a NED for Break the Mould and sits on various advisory boards, including We and AI, a non-profit aiming to inform the public about the risks and benefits of AI, and the Diversity and Inclusion Advisory Board of the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
Testimonials
I feel I have a more in-depth understanding of a number of sections of my job, particularly to do with different types of printers and what they are best used for.
Production Manager
Box Clever Press
Really great, engaging, and knowledgeable. You could tell she was very passionate about the subject which made a big difference. She was clear, articulate, and very efficient.
Production Assistant
Harper Collins
She was very good! She knew basically everything and was also fun and engaging.
Rights Coordinator
Simon & Schuster
Nancy was engaging, enthusiastic, knowledgeable, and a really effective teacher. She made everyone feel comfortable and provided a really informative course through both slides and practical exercises in small groups.
Publishing Assistant
Yale University Press
We would be delighted to welcome you onto our training course!
Our courses remain very popular, and spaces are limited to ensure the best learning experience for all attending. To avoid disappointment, we recommend registering your interest as soon as possible. Please do ask about discounts for multiple attendees too!
Course Details
Delivered in person by Nancy Roberts at Imago’s UK Offices in Thame, Oxfordshire.
Course Cost:
£445 ex. VAT. Discounts are available for multiple bookings.
Please email [email protected] for more information.
Dates & Times Available
- 9th March 2023
- 9:30am – 5pm
- 15th June 2023
- 9:30am – 5pm
Imago Offices Thame
What We’ll Cover
Basics of Colour Reproduction
- CMYK and RGB
- Understanding the differences and issues
- Turning colour images into print
- Dots
- Vector & raster
- Image and print resolution
- Profiles
- Colour proofs
The Printing Process
- Understand the main processes and when best to use them
- Offset litho –what it is
- How a printing machine works
- Tracking
- Sheet and web printing
- Seeing ink, plates & blanket
- Digital & inkjet printing – how they work, quality and uses
Pre-press
- Preparing material for print
- Typical printer checks to PDF files
- Some typical problems & how to avoid them
- Imposition
- Plotter proofs
- Ripping and plates
The Binding Process
- Different binding styles and things to consider when specifying them
- Sewn, unsewn, paperback, cased, flex terminology
- Stages in the binding & casing in process
Co-edition Printing
- Understand the process
- What it means and what it affects
Book Specifications
- Understand the terminology
- Learn how to draw up a good clear specification and to recognise when things are missing
Covers and Jackets
- How to recognise the different finishes and materials
- When and how to use and spec them
- Imitation cloth
- Gloss & matt lamination
- Spot varnish
- Foil blocking etc.
Paper
- Main paper types and attributes
- Learn how to evaluate paper and how to choose the appropriate paper for your subject matter and price point
Shipping & Pricing
- Cartons
- Packing instructions
- Shipping documentation & terminology
- Incoterms
- Shipping timings
Register Your Interest
Please fill out the form below to find out more and book your space on the Understanding Toy Safety course. A member of the team will be in touch with you to shortly discuss all details with you. | https://imagogroup.com/essentials-of-book-production-course/ |
Additive colors: Commonly used in light projection and electronic displays, the three primary additive colors are red, green, and blue (RGB). When green and blue overlap, the result is cyan. When blue and red overlap, the result is magenta. When red and green overlap, the result is yellow. When all three additive colors overlap (R+G+B), the result is white. (See subtractive colors – cyan, magenta, yellow.)
Blanket: A blanket is a synthetic rubber mat used in lithography to transfer—or “offset”—an image from a printing plate to the final substrate.
Bleed: Bleed refers to artwork that extends all the way to the trimmed edge of a printed piece. When creating artwork, designers must extend the design slightly beyond the trim edge to allow for typical fluctuation in the precision of the final trim or diecut.
CR-80: CR-80 is the industry standard designation referring to the size and shape of a standard credit card – 3.375” x 2.125” (85.60 by 53.98 millimeters) with a corner radius of 1/8” (3.18 mm). A less common card form factor is CR-50 – measuring 3.5” x 1.725” (88.9 x 43.8 mm).
CMYK: CMYK is an abbreviation for cyan – magenta – yellow – black, also known as 4-color process. CMYK are the four primary subtractive colors that are typically used in the printing of “full-color” designs.
Crop marks (guides): Crop marks, or guides, are used in artwork files and on printed sheets to identify the trim area.
Cutting die: A cutting die is an object with sharp cutting edges, built to trim or punch a specific shape. There are many different types of cutting dies used in the manufacturing of plastic cards and other printed items.
Delta E (∆E): Delta E is a metric used in computer-aided color measurement (spectrophotometry). Delta E measurements fall on a scale of 0 – 100 to describe the extent of color difference between one object and another. A Delta E of zero would indicate a perfect match. A Delta E of 1 would indicate a very close match that is generally not perceptible to the human eye. A Delta E of 2 is perceptible upon close examination. A Delta E of 100 would indicate that the two colors are complete opposites.
Density (also known as ink density or color density): Ink density in offset printing refers to the amount of ink applied to the sheet. A heavy application of ink will result in a higher density measurement than will a lighter application of ink. Ink density is measured using a densitometer, which records the amount of light reflected from the printed surface and translates that data into a value described in density points. Although it is common for press operators to check density values with a hand-held densitometer, modern commercial presses are equipped to measure and control density values in a much more automated and efficient manner.
Digital proof: The term digital proof usually refers to a proof that is share and reviewed on screen. Even if it is printed, the resulting printout may not be high resolution or true color; rather, it is intended to be a close interpretation of the artwork – showing color breaks, imposition, copy, fonts, dimensions, etc. The term digital proof may also be used to describe a true color proof that is output on a digital output device – this use of the term is less common, since almost all proof output devices are now digital.
Dot gain: In offset printing, dot gain refers to the minor distortion and enlargement of 4-color process or screen tint dots with each generation – from the original digital file to the transfer onto printing plates, and finally to the transfer from the press blanket onto the printed sheet. Best practice is for a printer to apply cut-backs to the dots before outputting plates – reducing the sizes of the dots in the original file, thus allowing normal dot gain to bring the dots to their intended size on the printed sheet. The process of cutting back the dot size in the file is often referred to as applying a cut-back curve.
Drawdown: A drawdown is an ink sample applied to a small area on the same type of substrate the printer intends to use in the live job. The intention of the drawdown is to provide a customer with a reasonable preview of the ink color that can be expected on the live job. Since the processes used in creating drawdowns are not identical to the processes used on large presses during live production, some variation may occur.
Duotone: A duotone is an image that is composed of varying shades of two colors.
Fonts to outlines: When we convert fonts to outlines, we are changing the text to vector shapes. This can be useful, as it will allow you to print the text without the font used to create it. The disadvantage of converting fonts to outlines is that, once converted, the text can no longer be edited.
Gang run: A gang run is a print run in which multiple different print jobs are laid out on the same sheet, printing simultaneously. This can dramatically reduce set-up costs, since the jobs can share the cost of a single set-up. Gang runs are particularly helpful to lower the production cost for smaller jobs. The disadvantage of printing offset using a gang run is that any density adjustment made to improve the color match in one area the sheet may shift a job in another area of the sheet further from its target. For this reason, there is a cost-quality tradeoff that should be considered when deciding whether to gang jobs up on a sheet.
Grayscale: Grayscale images are images composed entirely of shades of gray – like a black-and-white photograph. A graphic artist can choose to use software to convert a full-color image to grayscale. Once that image is converted to grayscale, it can be printed in an alternate ink color, such as green or purple – we would describe the result as a monochrome (single-color) image.
Hard copy proof: There are different terms used throughout the printing industry to describe a physical proof of a 4-color process design, output under tight controls that make the proof a suitable color goal for matching during the production run. At PLI we refer to this color-accurate proof as a hard copy proof.
Highlights: In a 4-color process image, or any image comprised of tint values, the highlights are the areas of the design that contain the lightest tints, allowing more of the stock to show through. (See also, shadows.)
Hot-stamp: Hot-stamping is a process of applying a material or impression onto a surface using heat and high-pressure impact of a shaped die. When foil is involved, this is frequently referred to as foil-stamping. When no foil is involved, this is sometimes referred to as blind-stamping. Hot-stamp dies are typically made of brass, copper, or steel.
Hue: A hue is a primary or secondary color along the rainbow spectrum. For example, blue and orange are completely different hues.
Lamination: Lamination is the process of covering a center substrate with one or more film layers. At PLI we offer both platen lamination (also known as hot lamination) and roll-down lamination (also known as cold lamination). The most common form of lamination is platen/hot lamination. There are two common constructions used in platen lamination: A solid-core card contains 3 layers – assembled using a single center core stock layer with the front and back designs printed on opposite sides of the same sheet, with lamination film applied to both the front and back. A split-core card contains 4 layers – assembled using separate core sheets for the front design and the back design, with lamination film applied to both the front and back.
Lamination finish: The finish of the laminated card refers to the transparency, smoothness, and reflectancy of the lamination on the finished card. The most common finishes are Polish, Satin, and Matte.
Lamination plate: During the process of platen lamination, the layers making up the finished sheet are sandwiched between two metal plates, known as lamination plates. The lamination system compresses the plates under heat and pressure to cause the layers to chemically bond. The surface on the lamination plate determines the texture and finish (polish, satin, or matte) of the card.
Layered files: Layered files are native art files that allow for the editing of certain elements of the design without impacting other elements of the design. Each element of the design resides on its own layer. Flattened files are layered files that have had all the layers merged into one layer.
Links: Links are independent files that are placed into a graphic document. For instance, if someone creates an InDesign document with some text in it but also wants to add a company logo, they can obtain the logo file and place it into the InDesign document, establishing a “link” to the logo file. Because of the link, the logo file must be present in order to export a pdf of the InDesign document.
Magnetic stripe: A magnetic stripe is the dark stripe across the back of some cards that contains data essential to the functioning of the card. The magnetic stripe can be encoded by swiping the stripe through a suitable encoder, and the magnetic stripe can be read by swiping the stripe through a suitable reader. There are different stripe widths, colors, and strengths. Strengths are measured in Oersted units, with the most requested strengths identified as LoCo (low-coercivity), HiCo (high-coercivity), and MedCo (medium-coercivity). A magnetic stripe that is applied to lamination film prior to platen lamination is typically known as a flush-mounted stripe. A magnetic stripe rolled down after all printing and/or lamination has taken place is typically known as a roll-on or roll-down stripe.
Make-ready: The word make-ready can be used either as a verb, to describe the process of setting up a print job and dialing in the color, or as a noun, to describe the waste sheets that are used during the make-ready process.
Metamerism: Metamerism is the phenomenon in which the appearance of a color is notably different depending on the light source or the viewing angle.
Mil: Typically measured using a caliper, the thickness of a plastic sheet or card is typically described in mil units. 1 mil = 1/1000th of an inch. Standard thickness for a credit card is 30 mil, or .030”. Industry standard ISO/IEC 7810 (the recognized standard for ID card production) allows for a +/- 10% variation in card thickness; however, card issuers are much less forgiving. Current technology enables plastic sheet suppliers and card manufacturers to hold much tighter tolerances. As a general rule, a +/- 5% variation or tighter would more accurately reflect market expectations.
Native files: Native files are the original design files, as opposed to an exported pdf, for instance.
Offset printing: Offset printing is a printing technique that transfers ink from a printing plate to a blanket, then from the blanket to the printed substrate.
Overage: Also known as “overrun” or “overs,” overage is the amount of extra material that is printed beyond the order quantity. The traditional standard for the commercial print industry allowed a printer to ship +/- 10% of the ordered quantity, depending on the yield. Today most customers require much tighter production tolerances.
Pantone (PMS): The Pantone Matching System is an internationally recognized color identification system in which thousands of specific colors are identifiable by number. These Pantone colors are often referenced by their “PMS numbers.” For instance, “PMS 285 blue.”
Pixel: Pixel is short for picture element, a dot made by a computer, scanner or other digital device. Also called pel.
Press check (press OK): A press check is a live in-person or virtual event, during which the first accurate printed sheets off the press are examined before authorizing full production to begin.
Press proof: A press proof is an actual production sample proof, produced on press using the same plates, ink and paper intended for the full production run. Also called strike off and trial proof.
Printing plate: In offset lithography, the printing plate is an etched aluminum surface carrying an image to be printed. In lithography, the ink adheres to the image, but not to the rest of the plate surface. The plate transfers the ink onto the blanket, which subsequently transfers the image to the paper or plastic being printed. Quick printing uses paper or plastic plates, letterpress, engraving and commercial lithography use metal plates, flexography uses rubber or soft plastic plates. Gravure printing uses a cylinder.
Resolution: Resolution refers to the sharpness of an image on film, paper, computer screen or other medium.
RFID: RFID is short “radio frequency identification” – a technology that allows a chip to communicate to a compatible reader through radio waves. RFID cards are sometimes described as contactless, proximity, and tap-and-go. Different RFID technologies work on different wavelengths and have different reading distances.
RGB: Abbreviation for red, green, blue, the additive color primaries.
Saturation (also known as chroma or intensity): Saturation refers to the intensity of a hue. A high saturation percentage will result in an intense, highly identifiable color. A low saturation percentage will result in a muted or drab color that may be difficult to identify by hue.
Screen value (lightness/darkness): In any design comprised of dots (such as 4-color process, grayscale, duotones, or any screen tints), the screen value represents the lightness or darkness of the tint. A low screen value will light, as the dots will not provide much coverage. A high screen value will be dark, with heavy coverage.
Shadows: In a 4-color process image, or any image comprised of tint values, the shadows are the areas of the design that contain the darkest tints, allowing less of the stock to show through. (See also, highlights.)
Spectrophotometry: Spectrophotometry is a form of computer-aided color match. The equipment used in spectrophotometry is called a spectrophotometer.
Spot varnish: When we refer to a spot varnish, we are referring to a varnish that is limited to specific areas of the design.
Subtractive colors: Commonly used in printing, the four primary subtractive colors, also known as 4-color process, are cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK). When cyan and magenta overlap, the result is the primary additive color blue. When magenta and yellow overlap, the result is the primary additive color red. When yellow and cyan overlap, the result is the primary additive color green. When all three subtractive colors overlap (C+M+Y), the result is black. (See additive colors – red, green, blue.)
TIFF: Short for Tagged Image File Format, TIFF is a file format widely used for its flexibility and compatibility with almost any system. TIFF files can store raster and vector data along with information regarding compression, image dimensions and many other variables.
Vector: Vector is a term to describe art created with lines, curves or shapes that are mathematically calculated by the graphics software. That means it can be scaled to any size without loss of quality, unlike a photograph which has a fixed resolution based on the number of pixels per inch. | https://www.plicards.com/glossary-of-terms/ |
Tolerance stacking 101
Tolerances indicate how much a part’s measurements can vary from its ideal dimensions. They are a core aspect of Geometric Dimension and Tolerancing (GD&T), which deals with communicating design intent for manufacturing purposes. The point of creating tolerances isn’t to prevent unavoidable variations part to part but to account for them from the beginning of the manufacturing process and control them as best we can. Proper tolerancing can help you save money, time, and resources during production runs while ensuring correctly manufactured components.
One key part of effective tolerancing is accounting for tolerance stack-up. By performing tolerance stack analysis, you can make sure a component’s tolerances are mathematically correct, physically possible, and truly beneficial to part production and performance. This article will give a broad overview of what tolerance stacking is, why it’s important, and how to utilize it in your part designs.
What is tolerance stacking or stack-up?
Tolerance stack-up is the process of adding tolerances together before manufacturing in order to understand their cumulative effect on part production. Final results from a tolerance stack are compared to tolerancing standards, regulations, and other limits in order to ensure the part design will produce high-quality components. This tells you the total amount a part can differ from specified dimensions.
Proper tolerance stack analysis also enables you to predict how your final component will look, function, and interact with other components — this is particularly important when it comes to manufacturing mating parts.
Accounting for tolerance stack-up helps ensure tolerances can be manufactured before manufacturing even begins. This prevents you from having to go back to the design process after moving to the prototyping or production stages, which can save time, money, and resources. Calculating tolerance stack-up can also save you money by helping you understand your tolerances in context, so you can optimize for cost and manufacturability.
There are two main kinds of tolerance stack analysis:
Worst-case tolerance analysis
This involves adding up all of the individual tolerances of a part or assembly to find the total sum. When performing worst-case tolerance analysis, you should set each tolerance to either the largest or smallest value in its range. Both the upper and lower limits should be evaluated to provide a full picture of the allowable tolerance range. Then, compare the total tolerance to the part’s performance limits in order to ensure proper design. Worst-case tolerance analysis should be used when mating parts are absolutely critical and there is little chance for rework or design modification once production has started.
Statistical tolerance analysis
This combines all the probabilities of the different dimensions — meaning the likelihood of each dimension being above or below its ideal value by a given amount— to determine the part’s chances of failure or success. There are a number of different statistical tolerance analysis methods, such as the Monte Carlo method and root sum square (RSS). Statistical tolerance analysis is useful for high-volume production where a small percentage of scrap is acceptable, as long as the majority of parts fall within the allowable tolerance range. This allows for larger tolerances upfront that make manufacturing easier and lower costs.
Regardless of which method you use to find your part’s tolerance stack-up, having an accurate understanding of your tolerance stack-up will help you create manufacturable products.
Tolerance stacking best practices
Here are some best practices for product teams to keep in mind during the design process, which can help ensure they’re properly accounting for tolerance stack-up.
Avoid over-dimensioning your part
When each part feature is labeled with upper and lower tolerances, a design drawing can become overcrowded and unclear. Not only does this cause confusion and make your part design harder to understand, but conflicting dimensions can also bring errors into your tolerance stack analysis. One way to counteract over-dimensioning is to only explicitly define tolerances for part aspects that truly need them. Undimensioned features would then be controlled by a general tolerance that is applied to the entire part unless otherwise specified.
Evaluate your tolerance stack’s sensitivity
Make sure you understand the consequences of tolerance stacking before you calculate your stack-up. Will it be a total disaster if tolerance design conditions aren’t met or will the part still be able to function properly? By contextualizing your final tolerance stack-up with manufacturing and performance, you can understand how large or small your tolerance stack can be without compromising success. Keep in mind that tighter tolerances will require more expensive manufacturing methods, so it’s important to balance cost considerations with tolerance sensitivity.
Consider post-manufacturing changes
Post-assembly changes, such as deflection and normal wear-and-tear, can affect the precision of a part after it’s been produced. Since this information impacts the creation of tolerances, it’s important to keep any post-production changes in mind as you determine your tolerance stack.
Follow general tolerance best practices
When it comes to tolerance stack-up, all the usual GD&T standards still apply. This includes being conscious about how an individual part feature will interact with other component elements, making sure a part is machinable and within reasonable limits of manufacturing capabilities, and keeping track of important part characteristics like material selection. Most importantly, you should make sure your tolerance stack-up is allowable and within any relevant GD&T requirements for a specific component.
Tolerance stacking with Fast Radius
Effective tolerancing facilitates high-quality builds with acceptable dimensions so the part can function in the way it was designed. Tolerance stacking involves finding the cumulation of all individual tolerances of a component or assembly in order to understand the potential range of final fits. Calculating your tolerance stack-up enables you to make sure parts can be properly manufactured as effectively as possible for the least cost.
Efficiently and accurately accounting for tolerance stacking is far easier with the help of a trusted manufacturer. Fast Radius’ GD&T experts are here to help ensure your tolerances are correct before manufacturing. We’ll also guide you throughout the entire manufacturing process, working with you each step of the way to ensure the best possible results. Contact us today to get started.
For more tolerancing how-tos and guides, visit the Fast Radius resource center. | https://www.fastradius.com/resources/tolerance-stacking-101/ |
Design and production
We offer a 3D printing service for industry. We can design and produce the part, or simply produce it if you already have the design.
This service gives you some flexibility in spare parts during the manufacturing process of the final parts. This makes it an economical solution to prevent changes in production and the loss of production capacity. | https://www.cmtec.cat/en/3d-printing/ |
Aurora, Illinois area – Progressive career growth as a Customer Service professional with extensive experience gained in high profile, fast-paced production/media/communications environments.
I am a proven graphic arts, customer service, account-management and overall quality professional that includes leading-edge electronic pre-press skills combined with excellent organizational skills and detail-oriented qualities.
Positive and effective leadership, communications and people skills supporting demanding, high profile, clients in date-sensitive, high-quality production environments.
Quick to learn and highly adaptable to rapidly changing technologies with equal effectiveness working in team-based and stand-alone assignments working under critical cost and deadline pressure.
- Coordinated production of printed materials or print related services for the Company’s customers. Maintained positive customer service from initial contact through the final disposition of the customer’s product.
- Engaged customers to gather job requirements and translated customer requirements into detailed manufacturing/kitting instructions and shipping/postal instructions for disposition of the customer’s products.
- Ensured job instructions were entered and verified in the various manufacturing systems and into the production schedule.
- Maintained contact with customers throughout production to keep them informed of the job status and coordinated changes to jobs.
- Coordinated the resolution of customer issues with customer jobs.
- Engaged appropriate departments to verify the issue and determined cause.
- Made recommendations regarding appropriate response to issues that were in the best interest of the customer and the company to ensure the final product met customer requirements.
- Tallied final production runs and work performed to assemble paperwork for billing purposes
- Forecast projects, work effectively with internal staff, inform/advise customers on progress, supply printers with final proofs and files, as well as bill each project.
- Communicate and facilitate highly detailed and complex job-order instructions from customers by planning and communicating the job instructions/production schedule and deadlines and disseminating the information to the appropriate departments.
- Manage customer/client relationships by tracking the process and conveying any issues or concerns that affects the printing of the publication while seeking continuous quality improvements.
- Maintain close working relationships with production leaders and operators and assemblers and rapidly adjust to last-minute customer requests and changes.
- Work with clients and Design Studios on new projects by analyzing and communicating FDA regulations along with printer specifications to meet client’s expectations on final printed product. | https://hireprint.com/csr-account-coordinator/ |
The Association of Transcribers and Speech-to-text Providers (ATSP) believes that equal access to communication is a fundamental right of all people. To promote high standards of professionalism and integrity in the delivery of speech-to-text services, ATSP has published the following Code of Professional Conduct, which encompasses the ethical delivery of TypeWell Transcription and C-Print Captioning.
The guiding tenets of this document are designed to educate and support a variety of stakeholders, as follows:
- Service providers self-employed as freelancers
- Service providers employed as independent contractors for agencies or schools
- Service providers employed as part-time or full-time staff of agencies or schools
- Service coordinators working on behalf of agencies or schools
- Speech-to-text agencies and companies
- K-12 and University disability services offices
- Clients and consumers
By outlining clear and reasonable expectations in the following areas, we empower these stakeholders to make informed decisions about their services and to have rich discussions about the profession. The corresponding behaviors listed in each tenet provide illustrative (not exhaustive) examples of professional conduct in the practice of speech-to-text service provision.
- Tenet I: Confidentiality
- Service providers keep communication private and confidential. This tenet establishes guidelines regarding how information disclosed during an assignment should be treated with respect to outside parties.
- Tenet II: Competence
- Service providers cultivate necessary skills, knowledge, and competence. This tenet establishes standards for service provider competence to ensure consistent, high-quality services.
- Tenet III: Impartiality
- Service providers remain neutral and impartial. This tenet establishes expectations that source material be presented completely and without bias, and that service providers maintain professional boundaries and avoid performing dual roles.
- Tenet IV: Respect
- Service providers conduct themselves in a respectful, professional manner. This tenet establishes acceptable and expected behavior within the profession.
- Tenet V: Integrity
- Service providers and service coordinators maintain ethical business practices. This tenet establishes fair-minded business practices with respect to service providers and their working conditions provided. It also outlines honest and principled business practices that consumers and clients should expect from agencies, companies, and schools.
- Definitions
- This section provides useful definitions to promote a clear and consistent understanding of the ATSP Code of Professional Conduct.
Download a full PDF copy of the ATSP Code of Professional Conduct
FAQ
What is the ATSP Code of Professional Conduct?
ATSP’s Code of Professional Conduct is a foundational set of standards designed to promote professionalism and integrity in the delivery of speech-to-text services.
Why do we need a Code of Professional Conduct?
Having clear professional standards is important in any occupation or field. The ATSP Code of Professional Conduct unifies existing professional standards and provides a basis for consumers, clients, service coordinators, and speech-to-text providers to conduct business in a fair and ethical manner.
How was it designed?
The Code of Professional Conduct was drafted by a volunteer Ethics and Standards Committee, reviewed by outside subject matter specialists, and revised by the ATSP Board after a 30-day public comment period. It remains a living document and is therefore subject to change over time to meet the evolving needs of the profession. Any substantial revisions will be drafted by special committee and/or the ATSP Board, and will be subject to Board approval.
How will it benefit speech-to-text service providers?
As transcribers and captionists know, many incidents and situations that occur on the job do not fall into black and white categories. The ATSP Code of Professional Conduct serves as a resource for speech-to-text providers working in the field. It is not designed to address every possible scenario, nor does it eliminate the need for real-time problem solving. Rather, it helps to define the basic ethical principles on which our field is founded, and it provides illustrative examples to help guide providers in their professional decision making. When upholding these professional standards, it is imperative that all service providers think critically, employ reasoned judgement, exercise rational decision making, and draw from learned experience, and it is the responsibility of service coordinators to establish and enforce clear and consistent policies on behalf of clients and consumers who use speech-to-text services. This Code of Conduct also serves as a powerful resource for service providers when advocating for professional wages, prompt compensation, and safe working conditions conducive to the effective delivery of services.
How will it benefit agencies, companies, and schools?
Service coordinators and supervisors may refer to this document when designing, revising, and enforcing the in-house policies that govern their offices, agencies, and companies. Employers are able to vet their own policies with this Code to promote increased consumer confidence. When challenging situations arise, the ATSP Code serves as a resource for working with employees to determine the best course of action and development.
How will it benefit consumers and clients?
By establishing a reliable set of expectations, the ATSP Code of Conduct serves as a powerful resource for clients and consumers when advocating for high standards of excellence in the speech-to-text services they receive.
What do some of these terms mean?
To promote clarity and consistency, we have created a helpful definitions page.
Where can I find a copy of the Code?
The ATSP Code of Professional Conduct is available on this page and as a downloadable PDF. Please share this information with your colleagues.
What if I have a question about the Code or need clarification?
Questions about the ATSP Code of Professional Conduct, and requests for clarification, should be directed to [email protected]. | https://atspnetwork.org/code |
We Are Proud Members of the National Chimney Sweep Guild
We have been members of the NCSG for nearly 40 years, making us Tennessee’s first ever members and second for the whole United States!
National Chimney Sweep Guild Mission
The National Chimney Sweep Guild inspires innovation, professionalism and community among chimney sweeps and venting professionals through advocacy, industry leading conferences and journalism, covering people, tools, health, standards, and education for a successful business and the safety of the American people.
NCSG Code of Ethics
National Chimney Sweep Guild members agree to abide by the following Code of Ethics:
I fully acknowledge that membership in the National Chimney Sweep Guild carries with it certain responsibilities and obligations which may hold me to a higher standard of performance and professional behavior than applicable laws, rules or regulations. In this regard, I pledge:
- To represent myself and my company in a professional manner by providing services, education and skills that are in compliance with all codes and regulations applicable to the chimney service industry that are in effect in my service area.
- To continually update my knowledge, skills and techniques as new information evolves within the industry.
- To render my services and represent my company in an honest and fair manner and to refrain from engaging in unfair or deceptive practices or making any unfair or deceptive statements, including but not limited to use of the NCSG logo.
- To conduct myself in a decent, respectful, and professional manner when serving in my capacity as a chimney sweep, or when attending a function or event of an organization in the chimney or hearth products industry.
- To comply with the proper usage of the NCSG Trademark as defined in the NCSG Trademark Use Guidelines document.
I agree to conform to NCSG’s Code of Ethics during the term of my membership. By agreeing to this Code of Ethics, I understand that it is my responsibility to remain abreast of any changes to the Code of Ethics, that my actions and those of my company and employees may be reviewed by a committee of my peers, and that failure to abide by these ethical obligations is a violation of NCSG policy and, in accordance with NCSG’s Ethics Violation Procedure originally adopted October 21, 1989, and subsequently amended, may result in disciplinary action as determined by NCSG or its delegated committee. I agree to hold harmless NCSG and its committees from any and all liability resulting from any disciplinary action taken against me. I represent and warrant that I am authorized to sign this application, and the information contained herein is true, accurate, and complete.
The above guidelines are just a part of why Coopertown Services is the right choice for all of your chimney service needs. We continuously keep our technicians current on the latest technology, standards, and techniques before working in your home. Schedule an appointment with us today to experience the difference! | https://coopertownservices.com/ncsg-members/ |
Teachers have some of most important jobs in the world today. They are responsible for directly influencing and training students of all ages. Successful teachers possess a desire for working with others, have a passion for life-long learning, are excellent communicators, and are organized, patient, dependable and creative. A bachelor's degree in teaching will present you with the opportunity of finding new challenges and new successes, will allow you the power to mold and grow minds and will allow you to be creative and autonomous.
Obtaining you bachelor degree in education will provide you with a background and knowledge to plan lessons, handle discipline problems, and have a deeper understanding behind the psychology of learning. Most programs take four years and will provide you with a broad liberal arts education, as well as a solid understanding of teaching knowledge and expertise.
Depending on the institution you obtain your degree from and their course requirements, the classes you take may vary, however generally they will include education, the psychology of human development, art, music, biology, math, English and the methodology of teaching. A bachelor's degree in teaching is required in order to obtain your teacher certificate. | http://bachelordegreecollege.com/bachelor-degree-in-teaching.htm |
“What was your answer?” She asked.
I found the answer to my questions in an early childhood education curriculum and policy document, titled Te Whariki, developed by the government of New Zealand. It’s a bicultural and bilingual document (English and Maori) founded on the following aspirations for children:
… to grow up as competent and confident learners and communicators, healthy in mind, body and spirit, secure in their sense of belonging and in the knowledge that they make a valued contribution to society.
That sentence captures what I hope my students will and have become. It drives my classroom practice, my approach to student engagement, and my assessment practices. It now also powers my understanding of teacher development and my research in this field. Why? Because it focuses on things that are important to me as an educator:
- Competent and confident learners and communicators
- Healthy in mind, body and spirit
- Sense of belonging
- Valued contribution to society
These are key to my understanding of education – its role in our lives and its transformative power. The passage from Te Whariki is a maxim I use regularly to guide my classroom practice and my work with teachers around the world. It is the lens through which I view education and teacher development. I believe every teacher needs to have such a set of guiding principles that helps us overcome challenges, stay focused and committed, and steer clear of distractions. Above all, that passage from Te Whariki that I selected as my professional mantra guides my views on assessment – once I defined the purpose of education in my classroom I was able to best decide on the tools and activities needed to ensure that the children get there.
And that is where another element of the Te Whariki approach comes in, an element that I have found to be key in helping me re-think assessment and student engagement and support strategies: It is known as Learning Stories (Carr, 2001). Although used almost exclusively in early childhood education, it has played an important role in my professional development and in helping me learn how to best support young learners in middle school and high school classrooms. Learning Stories is an alternative approach that
… involves observations in everyday settings aimed at providing a cumulative series of qualitative snapshots or written vignettes of individual children displaying one or more of the five target domains of learning dispositions. These learning dispositions are based on the [curriculum] strands of Te Whariki: Mana Atua (well-being); Mana Whenua (belonging); Mana Reo (communication); Mana Tangata (contribution); and Mana Aoturoa (exploration) (Rameka, 2007, p.132).
Learning stories are about documenting, through narratives, what children can do and what they are learning. They represent learning as essentially a dynamic, evolving, and ongoing process. They do not reduce learning to a score that children get at the end of the unit or semester … or a level that defines them as they start a new school year, with a new teacher. As opposed to our well-established modernist approaches to assessment, Learning Stories do not highlight deficiencies, weaknesses, or mistakes. They recognize that each child is a unique individual who interacts with the world around her and learns differently, through a process that is uniquely her own. Learning Stories view learning as a holistic endeavour, not a collection of subjects or skills that the child must master, and they therefore focus on learning as exploration and a process of inquiry. Teachers who use this approach are also well aware of the fact that learning takes place all the time, not just in the classroom, and they involve parents and other family members in documenting the child’s development and commenting on narratives written by the teacher.
Even though Learning Stories is an approach used in early childhood education settings, I have always been very interested in how the key principles behind Learning Stories could be used to revolutionize how we assess and evaluate students when they’re older. Over the past few years, I have had a number of opportunities to build on the Learning Stories approach in middle school and in high school settings. I’ve worked with teachers who were open to experimentation and whose assessment narratives – often co-constructed with parents and the students themselves – made an impact on student motivation. I’ll share some of them in my next post.
Below, you will find a number of Learning Stories exemplars that inspired me to modify this approach for use with older students. As you look through some of the exemplars below, think about how this approach could be used in your context, be it middle school, high school, or even post-secondary. Imagine documenting – with your students and for them – their learning and development as learners, thinkers, creators, contributors, and communicators through narratives and “qualitative snapshots.” What would these stories look like? Would they involve parents? Other teachers? Could they be multimedia texts? How would they fit into your assessment and evaluation practice?
“Oh, no! That’s not right!” “I’m getting better and better.” A Budding Archeologist Teaching Others The artists Mahdia’s Story
References
Carr, M. (2001). Assessment in early childhood settings. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
Rameka, L. (2007). Mäori approaches to assessment. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 30(1), 126-144. | http://teachandlearn.ca/blog/2012/04/02/learning-stories-part-i |
Arab News– The Ministry of Education (MoE) recently issued a circular for the formation of a committee to grant more privileges to teachers in the Kingdom.
Education Minister Ahmad Al-Issa said the issuance of the circular is part of a comprehensive plan to activate the teaching profession.
“The circular also aims to enhance the status and image of teachers who transmit knowledge and mold the young minds of the youth,” he said.
Minister Al-Issa added that the circular also lays out policies and regulations to promote the teaching profession in the Kingdom. He said that the committee will develop regulations and legislation to preserve the rights of teachers so that they can perform their duties.
It is envisioned that they will do their best to turn out good and productive graduates who will be good leaders and responsible citizens in the future.
“Teachers could be expected to do their level best if they’re properly motivated because their rights are ensured and protected,” he said.
The committee will also recommend the implementation of “the supporting roles of educational plans and enhance communication between MoE employees and students’ families.”
It is also expected that integration in the educational process could be achieved, in addition to the dissemination of the committee’s objectives.
The committee’s objectives and educational mission on behalf of the MOE will be disseminated and publicized through the media.
“The aim is to ensure that stakeholders like school heads, teachers and parents will be properly informed about these objectives,” he said.
The committee will include Al-Issa as chairman; Education Undersecretary Abdulrahman Al-Barrak, Education Undersecretary for Girls Hayah Al-Awad; and Secretary General of the Department of Education Abdullah Al-Manea, among others. | https://www.3seer.net/panel-to-look-into-teachers-grievances/ |
Mae’r cynnwys hwn ar gael yn Saesneg yn unig.
The study of Education explores and questions the social, psychological, political and economic foundations of education.
Education tackles challenges like how you learn best. For example, you may learn best by listening to your teacher, but someone else may learn better with a more hands-on approach. Some people may have a learning disability, and again, this is something that different theories in education will explore to ensure that education is accessible for all. This course encourages students to actively shape one of the most vital insitutions that affects all of our lives, not just as professionals, but as students, parents, community members and citizens.Without effective education, we would not have any social figures. That means no doctors, no politicians and even no more teachers! If you have an interest in how we learn and want to become involved in the education process, a course in education may be for you.
What will I learn?
Students on education courses learn to appreciate all the factors that affect education. This includes the psychology of learning, the effect of society and appreciation of the politics behind education. You will develop an understanding of the education system within cultural, societal, political, historical and economic contexts whilst also learning about aspects of culture and identity, gender and social justice.
Later on, students will have the opportunity to focus on an area of education that they find the most interesting. This could include a deeper focus on psychology, early childhood education or how to educate people using certain communicative skills.
Careers
Graduates who have studied education are well placed to go on to become teachers, after completing a teacher training course. Other advisory roles are open to graduates within organisations such as schools, local authorities or government. You can undertake a career in social work, youth community work and care work.If graduates want to engage in research, this is also an exciting option, allowing graduates to improve the current knowledge on how education works. | http://www.highereducationroadshow.co.uk/higher-education/course/education/?lang=cy |
Education is a procedure that is purposeful as well as guided towards a details goal. These objectives can range from transmitting understanding to developing skills or personality characteristics. Objectives may consist of the growth of rationality, compassion, and also sincerity. These can be attained in a selection of means. For example, education may be routed toward promoting understanding, generosity, and also sincerity.
Education and learning is a needed part of society, considering that it aids us escape destitution as well as advance socioeconomically. Although progress has been made in boosting college enrollment rates and boosting access to education, there are still millions of youngsters that are not receiving a high quality education. Since the most recent estimates, nearly 260 million kids and also adolescents around the world were unable to meet the minimum standards in reading and also math.
Education and learning has several controversial topics. Some ideologies decline traditional education and learning, such as Transcendentalism, which suggests that expertise should be acquired straight with experience. Many variables can contribute to poor grades, including hardship, child misuse, and also prejudiced educators. For these reasons, education is often based on discuss. But it is important to keep in mind that education and learning has actually been around for a very long time.
Along with serving in the work environment, education is a vital device in daily life. It can assist us obtain brand-new expertise, produce brand-new opportunities, and build brand-new abilities. And it can assist us respect others. A higher education can additionally provide us a better understanding of the world as well as assist us make better choices. When used properly, education and learning can cause new professions and even far better jobs.
The AGO structure is a helpful framework for examining education, as well as can reflect the vibrant between theory and method. Nonetheless, it often ignores the concept of goals and also goals. Instead, the emphasis is on achieving prompt goals, and also little focus is paid to expanding the perspectives. Because of this, educational techniques need to be more deliberate, relevant, and meaningful for students.
Education and learning came from as an evolutionary action to needs in the world. In the onset of human people, grownups trained the young in abilities. This method of passing on knowledge played a crucial function in the advancement of society. Oral language as well as imitation were made use of to transmit understanding in pre-literate societies. Later, created languages emerged, as well as formal education and learning was birthed. Regardless of being an integral part of the advancement of society, the technique of education continues to be in continuous argument.
Education is a process that cultivates a person’s development right into a fully grown grownup. With formal as well as informal educational systems, a young person obtains specific understanding and also abilities to be a successful participant of culture. Education and learning also promotes character characteristics, including understanding and rationality. It supplies a foundation for a private to be a good citizen and workout supremacy over the setting. It may additionally include the teaching of particular techniques. Education has numerous kinds, however the majority of them are related to the process of mentor.
Intending to improve the world via education is just one of the major purposes of institutions. Education promotes a mutual depend on between students and educators. It additionally contributes to a reduction in the level of hardship in a culture. Education assists people that came from poor backgrounds to boost their lives and make a difference in the lives of other people. It assists countries to establish economically, as well as aids individuals leave hardship. Its primary purpose is to raise the lifestyle.
Unfortunately, many kids in the establishing globe remain robbed of an education and learning. The most consistent barrier to education and learning is poverty. Kids from unsteady financial problems, ethnic minorities, as well as youngsters with handicaps are typically excluded from official education and learning. Ladies’ education and learning chances are additionally badly restricted. On top of that, bad facilities as well as education and learning products make finding out tough. In creating countries, teachers are paid less than individuals in other professions. Because of this, numerous youngsters are not able to check out a basic tale by the time they complete primary school.
Education can boost people’s ability to connect with others as well as create important thinking skills. This can lead to much better task possibilities. It can also promote gender equality by helping females and ladies gain more control of their lives. For example, allowing girls to participate in college for an additional year can help reduce the rate of teenage maternities as well as enhance ladies’s ability to regulate their youngsters.
The international education situation is worsening as well as much more extreme. As a result, we have to buy education and learning and guarantee that our youth are outfitted with the knowledge as well as skills they require to grow in the 21st century. An expanding number of youths are dropping out of institution since they lack accessibility to education. Discovering hardship has an impact on economic situations and also cultures.
Despite how a specific perceives education, it can profit them economically and offer a feeling of stability in their lives. A great education opens doors to more chances as well as higher pay. Education and learning additionally motivates children to pursue their objectives as well as attempt again. And if you’re looking for a way to make the globe a better place, education and learning can aid you achieve your goals. So don’t ignore the relevance of an education.
Education is a deliberate activity, one that can be conducted in a selection of setups. It might be guided to transmit understanding, or it might be focused on developing skill and character attributes. Some instances of educational institutions consist of primary schools, high schools, as well as universities. Those in higher education might pursue customized educations, such as medication, scientific research, law, or community service.
Education helps people create critical thinking abilities and also enhance communication abilities. Education and learning also helps people gain the self-confidence as well as proficiency to make enlightened decisions. It likewise assists people fulfill basic job credentials, allowing them to locate a better job. Education and learning likewise encourages women and girls. It can decrease the price of teen maternity, allowing ladies to have more control over their children. Check out the post right here
Secondary education and learning happens in the adolescent years, as well as is the second stage of education and learning. It allows trainees to finish employment training or straight entry right into a career. Relying on the type of education and learning, pupils may get vocational training or participate in an university. In many cases, secondary education and learning is obligatory, while main education and learning is optional. There are many types of secondary education. | https://www.realestatebynili.com/2022/11/10/the-modern-policy-of-education/ |
This post is by Ron Berger, Chief Academic Officer at EL Education.
Almost every educator knows the Bloom’s Taxonomy cognitive framework. The related pyramid graphic has influenced curriculum and instruction since its introduction in 1956 and its revision in 2001.
The problem is that both versions present a false vision of learning. Learning is not a hierarchy or a linear process. This graphic gives the mistaken impression that these cognitive processes are discrete, that it’s possible to perform one of these skills separately from others. It also gives the mistaken impression that some of these skills are more difficult and more important than others. It can blind us to the integrated process that actually takes place in students’ minds as they learn.
My critique of this framework is not intended to blame anyone. I don’t assume that Benjamin Bloom and his team, or the group who revised his pyramid, necessarily intended for us to see these skills as discrete or ranked in importance. I also know that thoughtful educators use this framework to excellent ends--to emphasize that curriculum and instruction must focus in a balanced way on the full range of skills, for all students from all backgrounds. But my experience suggests that what most of us take away from this pyramid is the idea that these skills are discrete and hierarchical. That misconception undermines our understanding of teaching and learning, and our work with students.
The Doug Lemov Critique
Educator Doug Lemov recently critiqued Bloom’s Taxonomy with an argument that others have raised in the past. He is concerned that the construction of the pyramid places knowledge/remembering at the bottom of the stack. It is therefore seen as least important, as a “lower-level” process that should be avoided as much as possible to give students more “higher-level” skills. Although one could alternately see the bottom of the pyramid (as Bloom intended) as its foundation--nothing above being possible without a strong base of knowledge--Lemov argues that this is not the way most teachers see it. The framework, he argues, contributes to a national trend to devalue the importance of basic knowledge, which is a serious problem. From an equity perspective, Lemov and many others with this viewpoint argue that low-income students with less exposure to sources of knowledge suffer greatly from a knowledge gap that schools must address.
I agree with Doug Lemov on all of these points. Knowledge matters. There are many learning situations where knowledge/remembering is actually the most important skill (e.g., I would not want to go hunting for mushrooms with someone who has a poor memory of edible and poisonous species). Also, students cannot analyze or evaluate anything if they don’t know facts and evidence. And, I agree that the knowledge gap--really, an opportunity gap--for low-income students is a serious equity problem.
But I also agree with many of the educators who are in the opposite camp, who are pushing for the other skills, beyond remembering, to be a bigger part of instruction, especially for low-income students. These educators are motivated by equity as well. Like me, they have observed countless classrooms, especially in low-income communities, where almost every single question is a “remembering” question, where students are rarely asked to analyze or synthesize, and where fill-in-the-facts worksheets dominate instruction.
The emphasis, for teachers, shouldn’t be which cognitive process to choose as the focus of a lesson, or how to move up the pyramid. Every part of the framework matters. Teachers should instead strive for balance and integration.
Bloom’s Taxonomy Does Not Accurately Represent the Way That Learning Happens
My problem with Bloom’s Taxonomy is not the same as Doug Lemov’s problem with it. For me, the root problem with the framework is that it does not accurately represent the way that we learn things. We don’t start by remembering things, then understand them, then apply them, and move up the pyramid in steps as our capacity grows. Instead, much of the time we build understanding by applying knowledge and by creating things.
When adults set out to learn something new--let’s say Spanish, meditation, Adobe Photoshop, or woodworking--we certainly have to learn facts and remember things. But we also quickly realize that we have little understanding until we have actually tried to speak, read, or write Spanish; practice meditation; edit photos; or build a shelf. In other words, we have to apply and create in order to understand. The creation process is where we construct deep understanding.
This is the same for our students. We may “teach” students to write a persuasive essay by having them remember the elements of an essay through a lecture or a rubric. We may assume then that they understand this skill. But I would argue that they have no real understanding of how to write an essay until they have applied their knowledge and created an essay themselves. Additionally, they need to analyze and evaluate the first draft of their essay, and those of their peers, to build an understanding of what represents quality in that genre so that they can revise and improve. Additionally, they need to analyze and evaluate the first draft of their essay, along with models of other essays, to build an understanding of what represents quality in that genre so that they can revise and improve. This integrated, circular, iterative process is how learners build understanding.
I understand that no framework can match real life. Frameworks create artificial categories to help us organize our thinking, and those categories are rarely truly discrete in practice or the only way information can be bundled. Frameworks can be useful anyway. One could argue that Bloom’s Taxonomy does more good than harm as a framework, as it reminds us to focus on this range of skills with students.
But over the years, working with thousands of teachers, I have come to believe that Bloom’s Taxonomy does more harm than good. It encourages us to organize classroom instruction counter to the way that we actually learn. If we agree that understanding is often built through application and creation, we need to provide opportunities for students to create things (and analyze those creations) much of the time. While they create and analyze, they will build knowledge and understanding. They can begin creating things right at the beginning of a study. They can use their minds and their hands actively in the creation process and analyzing their understanding, individually and collaboratively, all the time.
When I was a classroom teacher and my students were unusually successful, people often asked me what made my classroom different. One difference was basic: my students spent much of the day making things, not sitting and listening. The things they made might be long-range, collaborative, interdisciplinary projects; they might also be short, discipline-specific tasks--written pieces or mathematical models. In both cases, they were working to build understanding (at the same time as we were remembering, evaluating, and synthesizing) through creating things.
Preparing for Life
Whatever careers and life choices our students make, many will soon find themselves in situations where they need to create things (e.g., websites, blueprints, circuit boards, business plans, nursing reports, community campaigns). Much of their learning will take place while they create these things, during the process of research, trial, prototype, critique, and revision. What they learn through this process will send them back to books or other resources, or encourage them to connect with colleagues in order to learn new facts. Learning in life is dynamic, synergistic, interrelated, and deeply connected to creation. It is never a static pyramid.
The opinions expressed in Learning Deeply are strictly those of the author(s) and do not reflect the opinions or endorsement of Editorial Projects in Education, or any of its publications. | https://www.edweek.org/education/opinion-heres-whats-wrong-with-blooms-taxonomy-a-deeper-learning-perspective/2018/03 |
Secondary Education Explained
Education Defined:
In the most basic sense, education refers to any act or experience that yields a formative effect on the character, mind or physical ability of an individual, particularly a child. In a technical sense, education refers to the process by which social functions deliberately transmit an accumulated knowledge, skill-set and system of values from one generation to another.
The foundation of the educational system is built by teaching professionals. Teachers in educational institutions are responsible for directing the education of students through the delivery of various educational resources as well as knowledge concerning a wide array of subjects including: reading, writing, science, history, health, mathematics etc.
The process of teaching a particular subject, which is commonly found at the non-elementary levels of education and carried-out by teachers or professors at institutions of higher learning, is referred to as schooling. Furthermore, there are also educational fields and institutions for those who want a more specific vocational skill-set or who would like to be educated in an informal setting. These institutions, such as museums, libraries and the Internet space can be an effective and more personal experience regarding the ability to obtain knowledge.
What is Secondary Education?
Secondary education refers to a specific stage of education; although the definitions vary regarding location, in the most general of definitions, secondary education refers to the stage of learning that directly follows primary school. In the majority of jurisdictions throughout the world, secondary education is the final stage of compulsory education. That being said, in some developed nations, secondary education can also refer to a period of compulsory and a period of non-compulsory (college or university work) education.
This level of education is typically characterized by the transition from the compulsory, comprehensive educational system offered to minors, to the optional or selective tertiary “higher” education for adults. With that in mind, secondary education, in the majority of developed nations, will include university and vocational schools, but depending on the systems, high schools, middle schools and prepatory schools may also be grouped in the secondary classification.
Secondary Education in the United States of America:
Based on the education program of the United States, secondary education is formally defined and comprised of grades 6, 7, 8, and 9 through 12. As a result of this classification system, secondary education will typically denote high school learning—although many jurisdictions will offer grades 6-8 in a middle school and 9-12 in a high school. Regardless of the jurisdictional system of schools, secondary education in the United States incorporates all learning achieved at grade levels 6 through 12. | https://education.laws.com/secondary-education |
The modern elementary school math curriculum is based around a common set of standards designed put all children on the same level at the end of each grade. Combining classroom instruction and a variety of learning experiences with an effective computer-based learning program will help the teacher reach each student at his or her optimal learning level. If insufficient progress has been noted, a referral for special education assessment may be recommended in order to evaluate whether or not your child may have some type of learning disability.
This paper, which based on semantic learning web, semantically described domain knowledge and user pattern using Ontology technology, presented the architecture of ontology-based adaptive e-learning system (OntoAES) , provided the platform for knowledge acquiring and sharing, and also provided learners with effective learning services based on personal knowledge spaces and preferences.
These include symbol boards that rely on eye-gazing or pointing rather than speech, electronic voice synthesizers that utilise algorithms to interpret the sounds emitted from one’s voice into intelligible words, and head sticks for people with CP who work on the computer but face challenges in typing words using their fingers.
Thirdly, computer science was choose as the research domain, based on the domain knowledge space model, the knowledge taxonomy architecture and concept sets were constructed, and domain knowledge ontology was built. Online games that use an adaptive learning model to teach math can be invaluable to students who are struggling.
Does your child struggle with academics, and you are concerned that they may have a disability? A learning disability, dyslexia is often misunderstood by both parents and teachers. Educational scientists have developed many learning models to describe the way people learn. IDL Systems offers Adaptive Blended Learning (ABL)—a combination of online learning and classroom sessions.
There are even special education teaching opportunities available in hospitals, mental health facilities and doctors’ offices. 9. Specific Learning Disability (LD): Exhibits a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological process (such as visual, motor, language etc) which negatively affects a child’s education.
Whether it’s benchmark testing throughout the year or unit tests meant to review a subset of skills, teachers need some kind of tool that shows them where the strengths and weaknesses lie among their students. The jobs can be so different from one setting to another that it is difficult to list all the different types of special education teaching jobs.
The sixth of our series of ten articles on cerebral palsy (CP) looks at the range of aids and other adaptive equipment that help people with CP to move about and communicate effectively. This provides a far more comprehensive picture than can be gleaned from standard testing, thereby allowing teachers to better serve students throughout their elementary school careers. With a good system of reinforcing games that provides real-time feedback, the teacher can pinpoint trouble areas and provide support to those children who are having difficulty understanding the concepts being taught.… Read More..
Professor teaching class of education degree students. Aspiring junior high or middle school science teachers who currently lack a teaching license. Those students whose placement testing does not demonstrate readiness for college level mathematics may require more than two years to complete their degree. Internships are not required as part of elementary education degree program; however, Career Services is available to help students find employment opportunities.
A criminal record check is required of all students before all clinical experiences in the schools. Graduate degree programs are usually for two years, depending on the workload you are able to take on. This certificate is appropriate for PreK-20 teachers, parents and non-teaching professionals who work with children and adults with diverse learning needs.
When pursuing a teaching degree, students should be aware that licensure or certification will likely be required in order to begin teaching in a classroom. Aspiring junior high or high school biology teachers who currently lack a teaching license. Students specializing in secondary education also take coursework in a particular teaching subject area, such as math, science, or English.
Teachers can make different salaries depending upon whether they work in a private or public school, whether they teach summer school, what subject they teach, what kind of experience they have, the level they teach at, and the degree they hold. Wayne State has the keys to your success and offers just what you need to become well prepared in the realy world with your elementary education degree.
You might want to consider acquiring an online degree if you are interested in becoming a teacher. From certificates to endorsements, our online education degree programs give you the opportunity to learn from recognized education experts, policymakers, and scholar-practitioners who are making a profound impact on the national and international education landscapes.
Once in university, students begin the carrera, the study of a precise academic branch like economics, business administration, sciences, law, engineering or medicine. These programs require about four years of full-time study and include 120 credit hours of coursework.
Students gain insights into these perspectives by taking courses outside of their major discipline. Students in online education PhD programs usually conduct original research in a particular area of education theory or practice to help prepare them to lead transformative change in the field of education.
As a future educator, you understand the importance of a quality education and the role it plays in students’ lives. Those who choose to enter the teaching profession are looking forward to a long career of educating students and possibly moving up into administrative positions, where they can have a sizable impact on curriculum development and school system planning.
If you hold a bachelor’s degree from an accredited or approved institution and are seriously considering the teaching profession as a first career or a career change, but you aren’t sure that teaching is right for you, the following websites have resources … Read More..
Today online learning, also called as e-learning, is a new form of education. The work in progress investigates students’ demographic information, students’ current styles in organising their learning material, their prior experience with portfolio creation and development, their prior experience in using game applications, and their current knowledge of ‘gamification’.
This paper elaborates …While many universities have been deploying both electronic learning (eLearning) and social media applications for academic purposes, there is currently little research on the impact on their use on students’ overall learning experiences and associated learning possibilities.
The CDC E-learning Institute (ELI) is designed to cultivate skills of public health training professionals with limited experience designing or developing e-learning products. Another is flexibility: with a basic Internet connection and a PC, anyone can have access 24×7 to online courses.
JF Japanese e-Learning Minato is a Japanese language learning platform provided by the Japan Foundation. The mission of corporate eLearning is to supply the workforce with an up-to-date and cost-effective program that yields motivated, skilled, and loyal knowledge workers.
Technology has revolutionized business; now it must revolutionize learning. This research has been carried out in order to study the learning of vocabulary, grammar and other school curriculum in Portuguese and French classes, both in Elementary and Vocational Education. Please read CMC’s white paper entitled “Selecting an eLearning vendor: A guide to making an informed decision” for a detailed overview of the vendor selection process in the eLearning industry.
Too often educators are choosing e-learning to get their message across simply because it’s there and is seen as the fashionable to do. Even where the electronic medium offers no educational benefits, and might even be detrimental to learning. First, browse our courses to find those that you are interested in. Our courses include downloadable learning materials, videos, quizzes, live webinars, forums and much more.
Schools that include a ninth grade that administered SOL tests beginning in spring 2014, and that are not fully accredited for two consecutive years based on school accreditation ratings in effect for the two consecutive fiscal years, or that have 15 percent of students in the English as a Second Language count and also have free lunch eligibility for the school of over one-third of the students qualify to participate in the program.
The new eLearning team of instructional design consultants, technologists and trainers support faculty in enhancing student success through high quality use of technology and course design. You can skip the topics you already know or those that consume too much time. The eLearning market is anticipated to be a $37.6 billion market by 2020. Blended Method Most companies prefer to use a mix of both synchronous and asynchronous e-learning methods according to their requirement.
This preliminary survey is im…The gamification of e-portfolios is an educational approach to motivate students to learn by using game elements in online portfolios. Find courses that meet your learning needs throughout the year. When starting a sentence, the first word alone receives capitalization, … Read More..
It has created a lot of opportunities for the newspapers to provide breaking news more timely. STUDENT DISCIPLINE: The Polk County school district revises its processes and response system for student behavior and discipline issues, the Ledger reports. Education Update is proud to celebrate our fifteenth year of honoring teachers and administrators who excel in enriching the lives of children in classrooms around the city every day.
In many journalism institutions students are being taught about the online publications and online newspapers along with the printed newspapers. While the oil industry will support Iraq’s economy for a considerable time, it must invest in education so that Iraq can diversify its industries.
Inside Higher Ed reports that bills targeting for-profit institutions in California would prohibit tuition-sharing deals, which it says is a sign of growing political scrutiny of the role of online program management companies Officials at the University of Massachusetts warn that the state Senate’s proposed state budget would be devastating†to the university and could result in layoffs, cuts to student services and cuts to financial aid The latest NCAA Academic Progress Rate scores show college athletes are continuing to excel​ in the classroom, though they may be hitting a peak.
Its in state tuition is $13,600 and for out of state students, tuition is near $28,000. The new “portrait of a graduate” adopted by the Utah State Board of Education takes “a holistic view” of what is expected of Utah students. The most vulnerable is a high percentage of pre-schoolchildren and pregnant women who are anemic.
The quality of education being delivered varies across private and public schools. Formal education or formal learning usually takes place in the premises of school, where a person may learn basic, academic, or trade skills. Some unprofessional and non standard education system may cause the wastage of time and money of the students which leads to the disappointment from formal education and argue them to go for non-formal education.
Describe how the initiative or program impacts student achievement and how it reflects the priorities of the governing board and district. Bottom line, Iraq’s educational system was at the forefront of its region and it most regain its form to shape the future of Iraq and the dinar.
As colleges enroll more underprepared students, they’re increasingly eliminating remedial courses. Throughout the country; promotion of health awareness development of a national family health program; and widespread promotion of oral dehydration therapy for treatment of diarrheal disease in infant and children.
Christianity has been of the greatest importance to the USA since the time when the first settlers stepped on the Plymouth Rock. More than 200 eager elementary students in one Salt Lake school received new pairs of name-brand athletic shoes Thursday thanks to a $35,000 donation from Bridge Investment Group and a partnership with Shoes That Fit, a nonprofit based in California.
The greatest Solution to nutrition can be captured in this slogan, â??Catch them youngâ??â??, Children … Read More..
Technology has revolutionized business; now it must revolutionize learning. Some colleges do not accept lab-based sciences taken via e-learning. These online systems courses are a perfect complement to the more in-depth, hands-on experience our students get through in-person courses at our B&G Little Red Schoolhouse locations in Morton Grove, Illinois, and Nanjing, China.
Arrange for training at your location – or ours – for an individualized learning experience. The need to transform how organizations learn points to a more modern, efficient, and flexible alternative: eLearning. Market reach – In addition to cutting costs, e-learning permits increased student numbers.
The CDC E-learning Institute (ELI) is designed to cultivate skills of public health training professionals with limited experience designing or developing e-learning products. Another is flexibility: with a basic Internet connection and a PC, anyone can have access 24×7 to online courses.
The eLearning market is developing at an uncommon rate. Prior to starting a program, it is essential to understand the audiences-mental make-up such as attitudes towards computer-based education, motivation factors for wanting to be trained, comfort with using technology and training readiness.
Understanding eLearning is simple. For assistance outside of our hours of operation, please email us at [email protected] and someone will get back to you during normal business hours. We are the only institution offering online IP courses in up to ten languages. In order to allow both individuals and organisations to take advantage of the ever-expanding syllabus, NAFEMS has introduced the e-learning flexipass.
We’re excited to also offer our online programs to out-of-state students as part of the NC-SARA consortium that makes it easier for students to take online courses offered by higher education institutions based in another state. The critical factor to consider during the vendor selection process is whether the vendor is flexible enough to meet your eLearning needs.
Schools that include a ninth grade that administered SOL tests beginning in spring 2014, and that are not fully accredited for two consecutive years based on school accreditation ratings in effect for the two consecutive fiscal years, or that have 15 percent of students in the English as a Second Language count and also have free lunch eligibility for the school of over one-third of the students qualify to participate in the program.
Electronic learning or E-Learning is a general term used to refer to computer-enhanced learning. This eLearning White Paper provides an overview of the steps involved in the development of an eLearning course. Teachers are able to effectively train students in any subject, with print textbooks, internet resources, and interactive technology. This easy access using information systems and the web can improve people’s skills for fewer costs.
As is the case with all our courses, this selection has been written by emergency medicine consultants and developed to support the college strategy to support regional training programmes, workplace-based assessment and CPD. So, for instance, a distance college course fits into the umbrella of e-learning,†as does the online sexual … Read More.. | https://englishpoetry.org/category/place-to-learn/home-school |
John Dewey [1859-1952] an influential philosopher, psychologist and educational thinker, published his book on Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education in 1916. One hundred years later what is the relevance of Dewey’s work in general, and this book in particular?
John Dewey [along with Lev Vigotsky and Jean Piaget] is often considered as the father of constructivism. He believed that learning is a social, communal process requiring students to construct their own understanding based on personal experience. “No thought, no idea, can possibly be conveyed as an idea from one person to another…..only by wrestling with the conditions of the problem first hand, seeking and finding his[her] own way out, does he [she] think.….the joy which children themselves experience is the joy of intellectual constructiveness.” [Dewey 1916, p166]
The importance of inquiry as an instructional approach
Dewey emphasised the importance of inquiry as an instructional approach and has become associated with the discovery of learning and child-centred, progressive teaching approaches. While he certainly believed education needs to connect learning to the real world experience of learners and be child-centred, he also emphasised the importance of a rigorous curriculum that developed powerful methodologies and knowledge. Dewey was uncomfortable with some of the more extreme progressive pedagogical approaches that became associated with his name.
Dewey believed developing intellectual powers is a necessary but not a sufficient goal of education. Schooling must equip young people to live a fulfilled life and become life-long learners, able to fulfil their potential and contribute to society. Dewey was alarmed that schools failed in this regard, promoting passive and compliant pupils rather than reflective, autonomous, informed decision makers. He believed one absolutely critical function of education is to develop the intellect, motivation and wisdom of young people so that they become ‘mature’ and effective citizens able to transmit culture from one generation to the next and transform it in the face of change: “What nutrition and reproduction are to physiological life, education is to social life.”
The link between democracy and education
What is particularly interesting about this book is the link Dewey highlights between democracy and education reflecting his advocacy of democracy. Democracy is not only about extending voting rights, a big issue in 1916, but also equipping citizens with the ability to take on the responsibility to make informed, intelligent choices and decisions leading to the public good. He believed that democracy is not just a political system but an ethical ideal with active informed participation by citizens.. Established beliefs and theories should be critically questioned and revised in the light of developments, pragmatically evolving to meet the needs of changing times. If democracy is to work it required informed, knowledgeable and wise citizens and, therefore, education has a moral purpose. Classroom teachers and schools have a responsibility to nurture character as well as teach knowledge and skills.
Dewey stressed that education has to prepare students for an uncertain future and, therefore, a high priority should be given to developing effective habits and the ability to adapt and learn how to learn. This is notable given the fact that during his lifetime, with the notable exception of the great depression and two world wars, life for most people was comparatively predictable. Industrialisation and mass production meant many people had a job for life and emphasis in education was on preparing individuals for their respective roles in a fairly predictable workplace. The modern globalised world is by contrast highly unpredictable. Individuals often have little job security and multiple careers, and coping with uncertainty well has never been more important.
Teachers were viewed by Dewey as needing to be creative professionals demonstrating not only understanding of their subject matter but a passion for knowledge, intellectual curiosity, an understanding of the learning process and the children in their care. Dewey understood that excellent teachers responded quickly to student responses as indications of their current level of understanding, a direct consequence of constructivism.
Dewey’s understanding of constructivism as a theory explaining how deep learning happens, further developed by Vygotsky and others, has become the established paradigm. Consequences, now widely recognised, include engaging and challenging students, relating learning to experience and listening to the voice of the learner in order to understand students’ thinking and adjust teaching accordingly. Dewey’s concern that a focus on the learner’s interests needs to be balanced with the need to develop powerful knowledge and understanding continues to matter today in debates about how to organise the curriculum.
As we move into the uncertain global information age perhaps Dewey’s concern with the relationship between effective democracy and education is his most important lesson. It has never been more important to help the young cope with uncertainty well, to learn how to learn for life, and to understand that education is a moral enterprise concerned with developing informed citizens capable of making informed choices and decisions. | https://blog.cambridgeinternational.org/reflections-on-the-100th-year-anniversary-of-john-deweys-democracy-and-education/ |
Social Worker – Family Harm Focus, Whanganui
Join our Whanganui site and carry out meaningful work, making a difference to the lives of tamariki and their whanau. In this role you will be part of a supportive team who work closely together and who are passionate about supporting Oranga Tamariki in delivering positive outcomes for tamariki and rangatahi. Excellent benefits, training and support available.
- Permanent
- Flexible working
- On-going coaching, support, and professional development
- 25 days annual leave
- Wellness benefits
- Support in learning Te Reo
- Competitive salary up to $102,000
Oranga Tamariki – Ministry for Children, currently have opportunities for Social Workers focusing on Family Harm to join our Whanganui Site. Family Harm Social Workers are responsible for assessing family harm and, in conjunction with interagency partners, planning and implementing interventions that contribute to the safety and well-being of families.
This position is required to coordinate our response and to, facilitate, lead, guide and support our work with our partners to reduce family harm. You will be working closely with out partner agencies to ensure the safety and best interests of children and young people are at the centre of what we do.
The Family Harm Social Workers are also responsible for ensuring safe and sound decision-making occurs in respect of children and young people, utilising their knowledge and understanding of the dynamics of family violence, especially the impact of family harm to inform decision-making
In this role, you will be delivering high-level evidence based and quality social work services where you will be working in partnership with tamariki, their families along with external agencies and communities. You will be providing assessment and establishing programmes to identify the best outcomes for all stakeholders.
Key attributes to be considered but not limited to, will include the following:
- A recognised Social Work qualification by the Social Worker Registration Board
- Registration (or able to apply) with New Zealand’s Social Worker Registration Board
- Demonstrated resilience, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills
- Upholding the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi and demonstrating this in practice
- Having a good understanding of section 7(AA) of The Oranga Tamariki Act
- Well-developed written and verbal communication skills
- A valid and clean New Zealand driver’s licence
What we are offering:
- A competitive salary in line with Oranga Tamariki’s remuneration range, between $56,100 – $102,000
- Commitment to the highest standards of strengths-based social work practice
- On-going professional development
- Access to corporate health fund discounts and a banking package with Westpac
- Excellent benefits
We offer a vibrant and supportive team, flexible working options and a genuine commitment to wellbeing. We offer significant training and professional development so that you can thrive and grow. We welcome diversity and are committed to working in an inclusive and respectful way. This is your opportunity to apply your skills and experience to the wellbeing of tamariki and rangatahi.
For an informal chat around whether Oranga Tamariki and Whanganui is right for you. Please contact Kerrie-Anne Housely at [email protected]
Oranga Tamariki is committed to developing a diverse workforce and an inclusive workplace. We provide equal employment opportunities and welcome applications from everyone who can meet the requirements of the role.
How to apply
Apply online with your CV and cover letter.
If you are an Oranga Tamariki employee already, please ensure you register or login using your work email address. For reporting and transparency, it is important that all applications are submitted through our careers site, please do not email through applications and/or CVs.
If you have any questions about the role, please contact [email protected]
Applications close Thursday, 15 April 2021. | https://anzasw.nz/job-centre/social-worker-family-harm-focus-whanganui/ |
The greatest and most valuable assets an individual can possess are soft skills that can contribute to his growth. These skills are not only useful for everyday life, they are also required for success in the business ecosystem. Therefore, in this article, you’ll learn some of the most essential soft skills you need to forge ahead of your peers and stand out from the crowd. They are the skills you need to find dream jobs.
Which Soft Skills Must You Possess?
The skills and traits below are essential to help an individual thrive and succeed independently and within the business environment.
1. Problem Solving Skills
A 2022 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) revealed that 86% of employers are on the lookout for problem-solving skills on students’ resumes. Thus, this is an essential skill you must possess. Even outside the business environment, problem-solving skills are essential in everyday relationships with the people around us. It is an attribute of an emotionally and socially intelligent person. Therefore, possessing this skill means you’ll be a good team player. This skill also allows you to think on your feet and provide suitable solutions to arising issues; hence, it’ll contribute significantly to your growth. To develop problem-solving skills, you can take courses online and read more about the topic.
2. Time Management Skills
Time management is a skill that virtually all organizations widely embrace. In the business setting, clients are often ready to pay for services that ease their affairs. Companies are also working towards making 3X returns on profitability and having a munch of a market share in their industry of operations.
All these expectations can be derived when employees and employers manage their processes efficiently and effectively.
Relevant proficiency here includes the ability to work smart, map out activities, set priorities, and get tasks done without exceeding the deadline. Therefore, to be a good time manager, it is best to plan your activities before executing. You can achieve this by using a goal book to map your plans. You can also use tools like Google calendar and notebooks on your gadget. Above all, you must avoid procrastination.
3. Communication Skills
Your communication skills indicate how you interact with people in your day-to-day activities. If you’re a business owner, it also includes interacting with employees, customers as well as other stakeholders within your organization. Good command of these skills will help an individual disseminate his views and record positive feedback and mentions while assuming or delegating duties. Excellent communication skill is a combination of conflict management, good listening skills, showing empathy, motivation, etc.
4. Teamwork & Collaboration Skills
Your ability to work in a team can play a crucial role in your success. Remember, you can’t achieve success alone, you need help, and your teamwork skills can go a long way in determining how soon you achieve your goal. In a business setting, teamwork prowess plays a vital role in the actualization of the desired objective of a unit or project. Efficient harmonization of both human, material, and financial resources will give a firm a comparative advantage to exceed its short-term goals most times. A sub-component of this is decision-making skills, strategic and diplomatic. Hence, being a good team player also helps you to become a key player in achieving organizational goals, putting you in the limelight.
5. Creativity, Originality, and Initiative
Unlike the ways machines and robots have been designed to ease task completion periods, they cannot compete with human creativity, which portrays a dynamic and genuine process of achieving tasks. It happens to be a skill that cannot be swapped with machine efforts.
Initiative distinguishes a high-performing individual from its team members by taking responsibility and ownership of the roles and responsibilities within the activity framework. Such individuals possess the ability to suggest ideas that yield optimum results instead of waiting to get directions from the management. If you’re that individual with exceptional creativity, originality, and initiative, you’ll soon be recognized as an ideal leader in your team, which may put you in a better growth track than your peers.
Conclusion
To be successful, you need beyond your professional skills; you need specific soft skills discussed in this article. Possessing these skills will hasten your growth and better your relationship with the people around you. | https://www.snooth.com/which-soft-skills-do-you-need-to-be-successful/ |
In part I, we saw the need to creatively and strategically identify your career path. In this post we will look at some of the skills that will become useful in the next decade for a satisfying and successful career.
Over the past few weeks I had the privilege to listen to two very eminent authorities in their fields. The first was Professor Tony Cai, Professor of Statistics at University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School and the second was Paul Martino, Managing Director Bullpen Capital.
Both speakers stressed the ubiquitous presence and importance of big data and the opportunities that are (already) being seen in the areas of data analytics. Areas such as genomics and bioinformatics, while traditionally seen as “inexact” sciences are increasingly drawing statisticians to analyze and make sense of the huge volumes of data that are now available. Such data analysis can be used to predict occurrences of ailments based on patterns seen in the data.
At the same time Paul and Tony also called for building social skills in conjunction with geeky, technical skills. Personal skills such as self-confidence, self-discipline, ability to weather setbacks, influencing people ,speaking in front of a crowd, making solid business cases, leading teams, effective communication and other skills are very important to be built and nurtured from a young age to prepare for a solid career.
So what are the skillsets that you should develop as you think about careers and the future.
Here are four:
1. Math and computational skills
In an age of mobility and cloud computing, smartphone apps and social media, every little act we do contributes to the generation of big data. In fact even we are even unconsciously contributing to the growing pool of big data. The following is a very limited set of unconscious everyday activities that contribute to generating big data:
- · driving through a toll booth with your ez-pass
- · searching for self-medication on Google
- · hitting the “like” button on Facebook
- · buying a book on Amazon or anything online
- · making travel bookings online
- · downloading a free app on your Apple device
- · following someone on Twitter
- · reading a blog online
Google’s Chief Economic Advisor, Hal Varian, has stated that the sexy job of the coming decade will be statisticians. –
A basic foundation of math is essential to any future career. Most startups are now requiring the services of data analytics experts and this has given rise to a new job, that of Chief Statistical Officer or Data Analytics Expert. Major corporations where big data has accumulated are setting up departments to analyze their data and provide operational, pricing and customer insights. Companies are now intentionally setting up their systems to collect big data, knowing that their analyses will lead to future profits and business growth. A solid foundation in mathematics accompanied by another major in statistics, economics or computer science would position someone well for a career in analytics.
2. Problem-solving skills
Problem-solving skills will always be in demand. This ability becomes especially useful as one get buried under a huge mountain of data or is faced with a complex problem. Separating the signal from the noise and then interpreting the signal to gain useful insights will be crucial to career success.
All this requires a problem-solving mindset trained to analyze information and follow strong leads, which can be practiced into a habit. MBA candidates that aspire for a career in management/strategy consulting practice this skill to analyze business cases both qualitatively and quantitatively, narrow down the problem and then provide meaningful conclusions based on facts. Skills in building algorithms, computer programming or devising strategic solutions to business and personal problems will always be valued.
3. Solid personal skills such as resilience, self-discipline and ability to manage change
As you embark on your chosen career you will slowly begin building your value system. This can get built unconsciously (not desirable) or you can decide how you want to be perceived. Your self-discipline, time-management and ability to step out of your comfort zone will be noticed and recorded. You also want to be seen as someone that takes ownership of tasks and likes to be accountable for their quality and completeness. Moreover, make it a habit to step out of your comfort zone every now and then, and take on tasks that are challenging and which stretch your abilities.
At GE, future leaders are thrust into roles entirely different from what they have been used to working in. Then as they grapple with the “stretch” task and bring it to some level of stability, they are moved into another different “stretch” role. The saying in the company is that no one is ever comfortable in their role, because they don’t last long enough in one. However, this all-round skill-building, along with the proven ability to manage constant change, helps build future leaders at GE.
You can take this example and train yourself in taking on tasks that will stretch your abilities. There is no growth in repeatedly doing what you are already good at.
The ability to adapt to changing environment and demands, bounce back from failures and setbacks, set a goal for yourself and execute the plan while believing in yourself, all contribute to your personal make-up.
These are the skills that senior management looks for and once they notice it, they will put you on the fast track.
4. People engagement and team leadership skills
Having good math and problem-solving skills will help you get your first job and launch your career. Perhaps you can become an expert in your field. But as geographical boundaries are being flattened and people work cross-functionally and cross-culturally in a virtual environment, you need other skills to work with teams.
As you position yourself to grow in your career, you will absolutely feel the need to articulate your thoughts, build solid business cases, convince and engage people, manage customers, navigate the “system” or manage politics in your organization. No amount of math skills can help in these situations.
Working with people, being a solid team member and leading teams are the skills that will take you further in your chosen career.
Any career based on a technical or problem-solving skill is subject to automation at some point. Those that survive will be too few and chased by far too many. These soft-skills, when complemented with your technical skills, will give you the confidence and ability to take on challenging situations and complex issues and help further your career.
Send this to at least one person you know who is looking to achieve a self-development goal. | http://www.kayleadershipacademy.com/2013/05/leading-self-preparing-for-a-solid-career-2/ |
This engaging everything-you-need-to-know-about-simulation-based-training will provide participants with evidence-based presentations that explore how simulation can be an innovative tool for learning and training as well as for assessment of performance.
Attendees will explore how simulation training can enhance technical and functional expertise, contribute to problem-solving and decision-making skills, and improve interpersonal and communication skills and team based competencies.
Breakout sessions offer learners in-depth exploration of simulation design testing, human factors, and interprofessional education, as well as insights into the role simulation can have in infectious disease management and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
Join your colleagues for this 1-1/2 day adventure into the world of simulation and learn how evidence-based practices can be put into action through protocols and collaborative approaches that can then be practiced using simulation scenarios. | https://www.somesics.org/events/calsim-2020-the-inaugural-simulation-conference |
I was saying on Wednesday to some pupils that I had no idea what the world would look like today when I was their age. That doesn’t mean I’m ancient (even if I may appear so in their eyes!); it’s simply a reflection of the pace of change in my lifetime so far, with technology very much at the heart of that revolution.
‘Back in the day’, it may have been enough to get good grades to be assured of a place at a good university which would in turn lead to a good job. Many of you will know from the demands of your own professions that this is no longer the case and that some of the skills previously required in the workplace will increasingly be replaced by AI.
Many of today’s children will live into the 22nd century, needing to adapt to a world which will continue to evolve in all sorts of ways.
“A typical human being now lives significantly longer than the time between major innovations. Nowadays young people entering the workforce can expect to see several major changes during their lifetime that will very likely disrupt the continuity of their careers.”
(Andrew McAfee, Erik Brynjolfsson: ‘Harnessing the Digital Revolution’)
The list of skills and attributes required for success is very different from a few years ago. In schools we must prepare our children for tomorrow’s world, ignoring at our peril the importance of cognitive, creative and people skills.
Top 10 skills in 2020 (Future of Jobs Report, World Economic Forum):
- Complex problem-solving
- Critical thinking
- Creativity
- People management
- Coordinating with others
- Emotional intelligence
- Judgement and decision-making
- Service orientation
- Negotiation
- Cognitive flexibility
Consider too this diagram:
We shall, of course, continue at LGS to aspire to academic excellence; we want our pupils to achieve as well as they can, relative to their abilities, keeping all their options open. But, when we talk about a holistic, well-rounded education and all the stuff that goes with it (development of curiosity, independent thought, oracy, creativity, resilience, teamwork, leadership, character, empathy, responsibility), we do so not just because we think it makes our children better people. It’s not an optional extra: we believe with a passion that these are essential ingredients for future success and happiness.
Best wishes, | https://www.lgs-senior.org.uk/workplace-success |
Position Title:
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Technical Advisor I – Youth
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Duty Station:
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Addis Ababa
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Employment Term:
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Indefinite Term contingent upon funding of the RFSA program
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Reports to:
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Deputy Chief of Party for Gender, Youth and Social Dynamics (DCOP for GYSD)
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Application Deadline:
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September 30, 2021
Job Summary:
You will provide technical advice and support to a range of program design and implementation issues in the area of youth programming in line with Catholic Relief Services (CRS) program quality principles and standards, donor guidelines, and industry best practices to CRS’ Resilience Food Security Activity (RFSA)/Ifaa program to advance the delivery of high-quality programming to the poor and vulnerable. The overarching goal of this multi-sectoral activity is Improved food security of vulnerable households in targeted PSNP communities, contributing to a sustained reduction in rural poverty in Oromia. Your advice, knowledge, and support will contribute to determining how effective, adaptive and innovative CRS’ youth programming is within the RFSA/Ifaa.
Job Responsibilities:
· Support the development and contribute to the implementation of Ifaa-wide strategies, standards, tools and best practices in youth programming that effectively engage partners, USAID, and Government of Ethiopia. Help ensure a cross-sectoral approach integrating gender, protection mainstreaming, and disaster risk reduction.
· Closely work with Social Behavioral Change team and develop comprehensive behavioral change strategies and plans.
· Provide technical solutions to Ifaa multi-sector teams, remotely and on-site, for strategic planning and how to best apply standards, best practices, partnership principles, tools and M&E, helping to ensure high-quality implementation.
· Support Ifaa’s M&E team to include youth perspective in research, mid-term and end line evaluations and mainstream sex and age disaggregated and youth-sensitive indicators into the overall MEAL framework. Contribute to developing indicators, milestones and plans, and lead reporting on all indicators for youth integration, and program progress.
· Provide dynamic leadership, technical support and team coordination to Ifaa’s youth team, including ongoing technical guidance and support in youth integration and empowerment and build their knowledge and technical capacity to implement and monitor youth skills programming.
· Support capacity strengthening initiatives in youth programming for staff and partners through helping develop learning and training strategies and agendas/curriculums, conducting trainings and workshops, and coaching.
· Collect and analyze program data, capture and share lessons learned and best practices for specific projects to facilitate improvements in decision-making and contribute to the Youth learning agenda.
· Contribute to maintaining relationships with USAID, peer organizations, research and other institutions, participate in forums in the area of Youth programming collect and share best practices and promote CRS’ work.
Job Requirements
Typical Background, Experience & Requirements:
Education and Experience
· Master’s Degree in Youth programmes, or field(s) related to Program Area.
· Minimum of five years of relevant work experience in Youth programming with progressive responsibilities, ideally with an international NGO, with minimum of two to three years of working for programming interventions in multiple countries.
· Knowledge of technical principles and concepts in Youth. General knowledge of other related disciplines to ensure proper cross-sectoral approach.
· Experience in working in large scale complex programs, in challenging environments, with strong emphasis on poor and vulnerable populations, pastoralist cultures, and agriculture.
· Knowledge of capacity strengthening best practices.
· Experience with participatory methods. Demonstrated capacity and experience with institutional strengthening of local civil society and government agencies.
· Experience with program monitoring and evaluation and analysis.
· Experience and skills in networking and relations with donors, peer organizations, and faith-based and civil society partners. Understanding of partnership principles.
· Proficient in MS Office packages (Excel, Word, PowerPoint), Web Conferencing Applications, information and budget management systems, knowledge-sharing networks.
Personal Skills
· Strong relationship management skills with ability to influence and get buy-in from people not under direct supervision and to work with individuals in diverse geographical and cultural settings
· Good strategic, analytical, problem-solving and systems thinking skills with capacity to see the big picture and ability to make sound judgment
· Good technical writing skills
· Presentation, facilitation, training, mentoring, and coaching skills
· Proactive, resourceful and results-oriented
Required/Desired Foreign Language
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills in English and Amharic; ability to write and edit reports, plans.
- Strong written and verbal skills in Afaan Oromo a plus
Agency-wide Competencies (for all CRS Staff):
These are rooted in the mission, values, and guiding principles of CRS and used by each staff member to fulfill his or her responsibilities and achieve the desired results.
· Strategic Mindset
· Integrity
· Accountability & Stewardship
· Builds Relationships
· Develops Talent
· Continuous Improvement & Innovation
How to Apply
You should fill the application form through the link below:
https://form.jotform.com/212621152924549 and attach your up-to-date CV on / before the application deadline September , 30, 2021.
You will be contacted only if selected for written exam/interview. Phone solicitations will not be accepted. These job opportunities are open to Ethiopian nationals only.
CRS requires its staff to treat all people with dignity and respect and to actively prevent harassment, abuse, exploitation, and human trafficking. | https://www.ethiongojobs.com/technical-advisor-i-youth/ |
AWAKE NIGHT STAFF – FULL-TIME (191181)
JOB OPPORTUNITY:
FULL-TIME AWAKE NIGHT STAFF
Location: 44 Wordsworth Place, Kitchener, ON
We are looking for experienced Direct Support Professionals to join our team and support people in their community. Specific duties for this role include: providing respectful and supportive care, promoting people’s skills and abilities, providing the opportunity and education for growth and development, honouring personal choice and informed decision-making, and implementing individualized routines plans with attainable outcomes. Successful applicants will demonstrate a strong commitment to person-centered support and the vision of KW Habilitation.
Requirements:
- Post-Secondary education in a Human Services and six months related experience (experience working/volunteering with people who have a developmental disability preferred)
- Able to provide physical (e.g., lifting, transfers) and behavioural support as required.
- Able to implement positive behavioral approaches, work as an integral part of the team and demonstrate effective interpersonal communication skills.
- Able to demonstrate creative problem-solving and decision-making, initiative, resilience, and collaboration
- Commitment to providing person-centered support, fostering independence, and advocating for others
- The successful; candidate will have strong organizational, housekeeping/cleaning, communication skills and knowledge of KWH administration procedures an asset.
- Current First Aid, NVCI, and computer skills are also essential qualifications.
The position is for 40 hours per week Monday to Friday – Midnight – 8 am (Some flexibility required)
Applicants must apply in writing submitting a résumé and cover letter with a summary of relevant qualifications and reason for interest in this position to: | https://www.kwhab.ca/employment/careers-at-kw-habilitation/awake-night-staff-full-time-191181/ |
Our partner, located in Sibiu, is looking for DevOps/Solution Manager with a minimum of 3-year experience. Their mission is to help its customers to work smarter with Cloud technology. Send your CV to [email protected] or complete the form below.
JOB RESPONSIBILITIES
Role:
You will be a member of the solutions international team and you will manage our SaaS.
Responsibilities:
- Set up the delivery pipeline and monitoring for new services on AWS
- Maintain and continuously improve our existing infrastructure
- Aid in dockerizing current infrastructure
- Provide support for development teams
- Improve scalability
- Aid operational teams in incident resolution, root cause analysis, and problem management
- Come up with architectural suggestions related to infrastructure
- Actively contribute to further infrastructure changes and implementation of the Inschool project in cooperation with the development team.
Requirements
Technical skills:
- Experience with AWS is required
- Experience with MySQL would be an advantage
- Being able to write code (Python, Perl, or Ruby) would be an advantage
- Experience with CI (Jenkins, Docker, Terraform) would be an advantage.
Competencies:
- Master’s or Bachelor’s degree in related fields, preferably Computer Science area, with an overall minimum of 3 years of relevant experience
- In-depth knowledge of processes, research and performance analysis capabilities
- Negotiation capabilities and problem-solving mindset
- Effectively cope with change; comfortably adjust to alterations in work activities; able to decide and act with limited information; effectively handle risk and uncertainty in ambiguous situations
- Demonstrated resilience, diplomacy, influence, relationship building, and problem-solving skills in a variety of situations
- Highly effective written and oral communication skills, excellent interpersonal skills and experience dealing effectively with a wide range of people
- Fluency in Business English is required
- Customer-oriented behavior
- Fast learner – research capabilities for obtaining required information
- Understanding the IT Service industry as well as the relevant marketplace.
Job offer:
- international working environment;
- good opportunities for career development
- training and diverse work assignments. | https://www.signup.work/2019/08/29/devops-solution-manager/ |
Raising a mogul can be challenging for us parents, especially if we’re caught up with running our own businesses. However, despite all of our busy schedules, we should always find the time to instill in our children the top qualities and skills necessary for them to become young leaders.
These top skills and qualities include courage, confidence, integrity, great work ethic, resilience, and willingness to learn. Keep reading to discover why these skills are essential in raising a mogul and how they can prepare our children to become future young leaders.
Courage
To raise a mogul, we need to help our children become ready and brave enough to take on challenges. If they have courage, they can unleash their full potential, discover new things, inspire other people, and create a difference.
Start teaching by letting them try a new sport, food, or hobby. Allow them to make mistakes and make their own decisions while setting yourself as a good example.
Confidence
Having high self-esteem is one of the top qualities that our future young leaders should have. This quality helps our children develop a positive outlook on life.
Being confident with small tasks is a good start. If they’re having difficulties with a task, guide them throughout the process and motivate them not to give up.
Be sure to appreciate what they have accomplished and the hard work they have shown so that they can build that confidence up in their work.
Integrity
Integrity is doing what’s right, even when no one is looking. If our children develop integrity at such an early age, they are on their way to becoming effective, righteous, young leaders.
As young moguls, they will face situations that may challenge their honesty. Having a sense of integrity will help them become great decision-makers.
One way to teach these future young leaders to build integrity is to be good role models to our children. They tend to follow our habits and actions, so showing them what is good and right can help them develop integrity.
Great Work Ethic
If our children establish a good work ethic as early as possible, they become self-sufficient, productive, happy, and confident with their work. With a great work ethic, they can also become effective role models and leaders.
One example is that we can let them take care of a plant, especially during the quarantine period, to help them develop a sense of responsibility. They can cultivate self-discipline by waking up early to water the plant or make sure that there are no insects or bugs in it.
Resilience
Resilience is the ability to overcome trials, trauma, and other types of challenges. As young moguls, our children should be resilient enough to face failures and setbacks and always bounce back. As they will be handling people and different teams, they must stay resilient when the members become weak.
Letting them engage in problem-solving games and asking them to generate different solutions is a good start to help them build resilience.
Willingness To Learn
To be successful young leaders, our children should be open to learning new things. Allow their curious minds to explore. Encourage them to watch educational videos or movies and learn how to cook. Starting with these steps can help them keep an open mind and crave new knowledge and skills.
Raising Young Moguls Successfully
Raising a mogul includes teaching our children top qualities and skills, like courage, confidence, integrity, great work ethic, resilience, and willingness to learn.
Knowing the significance of these top skills and qualities, and learning some tips on how to encourage them, can help the journey become a little bit easier. Check out our page to find out more tips about raising a leader! | https://www.raisingamogul.com/category/parenting/page/3/ |
Mission:
Our mission is to contribute to the intellectual development of our school community along with our Christian mission to create effective users of information.
Objectives:
To prepare our students with the skills necessary to search and use information resources. Develop love and passion for reading and knowledge. Reinforce our Christian and moral values.
The Elementary School Library Media Center provides the faculty with different programs and tools to help them integrate into their curriculum. Students will develop the following skills: reading, creativity, innovation, research, decision-making, cooperative work, information management, critical thinking, problem-solving, leadership, and independent study. | https://www.aps-pr.org/library-media-center |
Table of Contents Hide
- What Are Employability Skills?
- Example of Employability Skills
- What is Employability Theory?
- What are the Factors of Employability?
- What are Soft Skills in Employability?
- Why Are Employability Skills Important?
- What are the 3 Components of Employability?
- What are the Five Employability Skills?
- Conclusion
- FAQs
- What is the most important employability skill?
- Why is skill important?
- What is important in a job?
In addition to academic qualifications, most employers also look for certain skills and traits in job candidates. These skills, which are called “employability checklist skills,” may not be specific to a certain job, but they are very important to your cost and profitability at work. They can also affect your ability to move up the career ladder. In this article, we talk about the example of employability skills you need in finding your dream job.
What Are Employability Skills?
Employability skills are skills that can be used in just about any job. They help you gain skills, knowledge, or a way of thinking that makes you more appealing to employers.
Employability skills are also called soft skills, work-readiness skills, foundational skills, and employment skills. They often help you do your job better by improving your business, reducing mistakes, and getting you and your coworkers to work together.
Employability skills are vital and might make you more appealing to potential employers. The main benefit of having these employability checklist skills is that they can make you stand out from other people who want the same job.
Even if you have the same experience and qualifications as other candidates, having job-related talents may help.
In some fields, certain job skills are more in demand than others. Researching the most important job skills in your industry can help you get ready for an interview or write a resume for a specific job.
Example of Employability Skills
Employers appreciate transferable talents since they are more difficult to teach than job-specific skills. Some skills that employers look for come naturally, while we can learn other employability skills example in school, on the job, or through daily practice.
You may already have some of the most important employability skills, and you can work to get better at them and learn another example. Here are 10 skills that most employers look for when hiring:
#1. Communication
Communication is one of the most vital talents for obtaining employment, as it is in virtually every position. There are five parts to the communication process: the sender, the receiver, the message, the medium, and feedback.
When these things work together, you can send and receive messages clearly and efficiently and avoid mistakes and misunderstandings. Good communication skills can help a company save time and money by running more smoothly.
To be a good communicator, you need to be able to explain your thoughts and ideas clearly and listen to what your coworkers say about their plans, ideas, and intentions.
Depending on the job you want, you might need to be good at verbal, nonverbal, written, and visual forms of communication. For example, a person who works with customers needs to be good at both verbal and nonverbal communication which is among the essential employability skills.
#2. Teamwork
Good teamwork skills mean being able to work well with your coworkers to reach a common goal. Collaboration and other collaboration abilities can help you land a job since you may be able to expedite the achievement of a company’s goals.
These skills can also help make the workplace a better place to be. To be a good team player, you should be able to work well with others, take responsibility for your part of the work, and help the team reach its goals.
#3. Reliability
Reliability makes people more likely to get a job because it helps your employer trust them. We can trust you as an employee if you always finish your tasks on time, do good work, and make a few mistakes. You also need to be quick to answer questions and emails and only keep commitments you can keep.
#4. Problem-solving
Problem-solving involves figuring out what the most important problems are and what they mean, as well as which solutions will work best. For harder tasks, visitors need to know how to break things up.
Problem-solving skills might help your potential employer maintain operations operating smoothly and attain goals faster.
Whether you’re good at solving problems, you can play a big part in troubleshooting, which can help your team get around problems and solve hard ones. Depending on the profession, you may need research, analytical, and decision-making skills to address challenges well.
#5. Organization and Planning
It’s important to be able to plan and organize well because it helps you and your employer save time, effort, and money by making workflow better. It ensures the timely completion of tasks and projects and prevents costly confusion and errors.
To be a good planner, you must be able to prioritize things, establish plans, and complete them on time. Leaders must devise methodical approaches to achieve goals and assign duties.
#6. Initiative
Taking the lead means acknowledging a problem and working to solve it, getting ready for a possible crisis by taking steps before it happens, making the most of the opportunities, and keeping a positive attitude.
It shows that you can make decisions on your own and do what needs to be done without being told to. As a person with a venture, you are driven to succeed and want to keep getting better by learning new things. This makes you a valuable asset to any organization.
Employers think that initiative is one of the most important skills for getting a job, and they value staff members who are self-motivated enough to do things without being told to. Employees with this kind of flexibility and fortitude can push companies to come up with new ideas and compete more effectively.
#7. Self-management
Self-management means being able to do your job well with little or no help from your boss. For higher-level workers, it also means giving tasks to other people to make sure they get done on time. Self-managed staff members can also keep themselves going so that they always do good work.
If you know how to manage yourself well, you can help your boss save time and effort because you won’t need as much support and direction from them. Also, if you are self-motivated, you may find it easier to complete tasks. Employers may want to hire you if you possess these skills.
#8. Leadership
Employers want good leaders because they can help their businesses in many ways. As a leader, it’s your job to make sure your team has the same goals as the company and works together with other teams and departments to reach a common goal.
You can also come up with plans for achieving goals, keep your team completely motivated, and track how well they do their work to get better results for the company.
At every level, it’s important to be able to lead. If you want to be a manager, you need to be a great leader who can get your team members to work hard. Even if you are just starting, having some leadership skills can help you stand out and move up the ranks more quickly.
You can be a leader by telling and inspiring your fellow employees, strategizing for your team, making work better, and giving your coworkers advice.
#9. Learning
Strong learning skills mean that you can quickly understand new ideas and methods, take on new tasks, adjust to change, and always try to improve your knowledge and skills.
Employers may be able to fill hard-to-fill jobs faster and save money on training if their employees are good learners. Companies that are on the cutting edge of innovation like to hire people who are effective learners so they can help make the change to technological tools go more flawlessly.
#10. Technology
Companies look for people with technical skills who can help them use the newest technology and stay ahead of the competition. Depending on your employment, you may need typing, emailing, video editing, and computer language skills.
Employers may like you more if you understand how technology works and can quickly learn about using emerging technologies. Skills with technology can be learned and practiced.
What is Employability Theory?
The notion that human capital injection through the development of generic skills will assure the employability of graduates and accelerate career growth is the foundation of the consensus theory of employability (Selvadurai et al., 2012).
What are the Factors of Employability?
So, what precisely do we mean when we talk about “Employability Factors”? In their most basic form, they are the collection of accomplishments, abilities, and areas of competence as well as the personal qualities that contribute to your success in the chosen line of work. The majority of employers are interested in hiring applicants that have skills that go above and beyond the needed qualifications and level of experience.
What are Soft Skills in Employability?
The majority of businesses look for broad talents known as soft skills when recruiting new employees, and soft skills are required for the majority of positions. Employers will often refer to them as employability skills or transferrable skills. Sometimes both terms are used. As we go through life and job, we pick up various soft talents.
Why Are Employability Skills Important?
From three different perspectives, employability checklist skills are important.
#1. As a Job Seeker
Having experience with the most important employability checklist skills for getting a job will help you stand out. Many people who are looking for jobs these days have degrees and work history that is related to the job they want. Skills that help you find a job boost motivation and career prospects.
#2. As a Company
The more your employees know about these core skills, the more likely they are to be more productive and happier at work. Supervisors who know a lot about ” Employability Communication Skills” and “Resilience Skills,” for example, would be better workers.
#3. As a Corporate Trainer
Employability skills are a great way for a freelance instructor to set up workshops and training sessions in-house. “Resilience training” is very important and popular right now. Also always in the market are communication skills like “Intercultural Communication” and “Advanced Communication Skills.”
In the job marketplace, where competition is high, it’s important to stand out. Skills that help you get a job can help you do that. Even though a graduate education in a relevant topic is important, we expect many graduates to show that they have one.
So, a lot of employers will decide whether or not to hire someone based on what other skills they have. A hiring manager might choose you if you can show that you have good skills for getting a job.
What are the 3 Components of Employability?
Fundamental skills: Your employability skills start with these fundamental abilities. They basically form the basis of your overall employability skills
Social and emotional skills: These include your capacity to read people’s emotions, handle them effectively, and form meaningful relationships.
Personal management skills: These are the abilities, attitudes, and behaviors that are unique to you.
What are the Five Employability Skills?
The following are the top five skills sought after by employers:
- Critical thinking and problem-solving.
- Teamwork and collaboration.
- Professionalism and strong work ethic.
- Oral and written communications skills.
- Leadership.
Conclusion
There are, of course, many different skills that companies might find useful. Each of us also has a unique set of skills, which means we can each bring something different to an organization. It is important to learn how to recognize your skills and use them in the right way.
FAQs
What is the most important employability skill?
Communication is one of the most important employability checklist skills for getting a job since they need it in almost every job. There are five parts to the employability communication checklist skills process: the sender, the receiver, the message, the medium, and feedback.
Why is skill important?
Learning new skills can prove to be very helpful in your job. It helps you reach your goals, boosts your esteem, and makes you want to work.
What is important in a job?
Things like passion, location, chances to grow, and a good balance between work and life are more valuable than money. | https://businessyield.com/careers/employability-skills/ |
Banks using certain clauses in their terms and conditions in Germany need to review those terms and conditions and develop a strategy for dealing with clawbacks after a ruling by Germany’s Federal Court of Justice.
The court ruled that clauses on ‘fictitious consent’ in the event of changes to banks' general terms and conditions (GTCs) were invalid. The full ruling has now been published, showing for the first time the scope of the decision.
In April the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof/BGH) declared clauses in the GTCs of a bank invalid, as they stipulated without restrictions that customers agree to an amendment of the GTC by not reacting to its announcement, known as fictitious consent.
Banks operating in Germany that use the same or similar fictitious consent clauses in their GTC should act now: The GTC used should be adjusted. Banks should also be prepared for customers reclaiming ineffectively increased fees based on the ruling.
In this case the GTC of a bank said in the section ‘Changes’: "The customer is deemed to have given his consent if he has not indicated his refusal before the proposed date of entry into force of the changes". In a section ‘Change of charges for services typically used on a permanent basis’, the sentence was repeated, meaning it also referred to the change of charges. The clauses were meant to provide for the bank to increase charges if the customer did not object to the changes within the set period. The use of such clauses seemed to be possible so far, as their contents corresponded to the regulations contained in section 675g of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch/BGB).
The Federation of German Consumer Organisations had filed a lawsuit against the clause, the proceedings went through several instances up to the BGH. The Regional Court and the Higher Regional Court in Cologne had dismissed the action, but the BGH ruled in favour of the consumer protectionists. It declared the clauses invalid in this form, as they did not only refer to an adjustment of individual details of the GTC, but allowed for an amendment of the entire GTC.
According to the BGH, the fictitious consent related to charges was also invalid, as it offered the bank the opportunity to shift the balance between service and charge significantly in its favour.
The BGH ruled that such a broad clause, which qualifies the customer's silence as acceptance of the contract amendment, violates essential basic ideas of the legal regulations and puts him at a disadvantage, as customers would have to take action not for, but against the contract amendment. Whether the customer remained inactive because he was overstrained, prevented by illness or actually agreed to the change had no influence on its effectiveness. The clauses were therefore invalid, said the BGH. According to the BGH, an amendment agreement is necessary "for any far-reaching changes affecting the basis of the legal relationship between the parties, which may be equivalent to the conclusion of a new contract".
The BGH ruling affects all banks that use clauses that provide for fictitious consent that correspond to the above-mentioned clauses.
Since the BGH refers to the EU directive on unfair terms in consumer contracts, the ruling affects all contracts concluded with consumers. Whether contracts with business customers are affected as well remains to be seen.
In addition, other sectors of the financial industry may be affected, such as insurance companies, which also implement or have implemented fee increases by means of fictitious consent.
Among other things, there is a threat of claims for reimbursement, as clients who have paid increased fees to their bank on the basis of the above-mentioned clauses or clauses corresponding to them could now try to reclaim those fees. In addition, customers could assert claims for compensation, since the money they may have paid wrongly was not available to them for other use. Claims for interest on arrears from the date of the reminder are also possible.
If ineffective clauses continue to be used, this could have serious legal consequences and, in particular, result in the assertion of claims for damages or injunctive relief.
The regular limitation period is three years and begins at the end of the year in which the claim arose and the creditor became aware of the circumstances giving rise to his claim or should have become aware without gross negligence. In any case, clients could thus claim back fee payments from their bank as of 1 January 2018, provided legal action is taken in 2021.
However, it cannot be ruled out that fee payments made further back in time can also be reclaimed from customers: In exceptional cases, the start of the limitation period is postponed if the legal situation is uncertain and doubtful. Whether this applies here remains to be seen.
Affected businesses should check their contracts to see if identical or similar clauses are used. They should determine how many contracts are affected and how high potential clawbacks could be. Based on this, appropriate provisions should be made.
Also, the clauses should no longer be used and no more contract amendments should be made on their basis. If fees have already been increased on the basis of such clauses, it must be considered on what new basis these fees can be demanded in the future. If necessary, an amendment contract must be concluded between the client and the bank.
In addition, banks should develop strategies for dealing with complaints and recoveries. Key questions are: Are there sufficient resources to deal with the complaints? What defence strategy should be taken? Are special processes required for handling recoveries? | https://www.pinsentmasons.com/en-gb/out-law/analysis/bgh-urteil-agb-aenderung-banken |
Number of problems and disputes that arise from the terms of the contracts signed on the lines of the prescribed Standard Contract Document (SCD) given in DPP can be prevented if MoD can come up with a more effective pre-arbitration dispute resolution mechanism. The Author deliberates on related issues.
The Standard Contract Document (SCD) contained in Chapter VI of the Defence Procurement Procedure (DPP) 2016 is the default template used for signing capital acquisition contracts in the normal course. The said chapter starts abruptly without any reference to para 91 of Chapter II of DPP 2016 which states that the SCD comprises general conditions of contract 'that would be the guideline for all acquisitions' and that the 'draft contract would be prepared as per these guidelines'. This has arguably introduced an element of inflexibility in drafting of the terms of the contracts, other than the terms related to the description and nature of store being procured, delivery schedule and price etc.
The origins of this inflexibility can be traced back to the first ever Defence Procurement Procedure (DPP) promulgated in 2002 which did not contain any SCD but stated in para 45 thereof that the 'Acquisition Wing would evolve a standard contract/supply order document, which will be used as a guideline for contract/supply orders for all acquisitions'. Accordingly, an SCD was included in the next version of DPP promulgated in 2005 with the notation (para 49) that the SCD given in Schedule IV 'indicates the general conditions of contract that would be the guideline for all acquisitions'. It was not specifically stated that, if required, the procurement personnel may deviate from the template.
While the title and numbering of the articles (clauses) of the SCD have largely remained unchanged since 2005 (except for addition of a new clause on 'Access to Books of Account' in 2006), some substantive changes have been made mostly in 2018 and 2019 - in the text of various articles, prompted more by the need to synchronise the SCD with the policy changes (as in the case of clause related to liquidated damages) than to remove various ambiguities, make the terms more equitable for the vendors, or to introduce an element of flexibility in drafting of the contract. Consequently, the SCD continues to be what is generally referred to as a 'Standard Form Contract' (SFC) in contract law.
An SFC is a contract in which the terms and conditions are more or less dictated by one party with the other party not being in a strong position to negotiate equitable terms. Such contracts are not illegal, but typically favour the party which is in the stronger bargaining position. In contract law, this is referred to as the doctrine of unconscionability and the disputes arising from such contracts are resolved contra proferentem, i.e. against the party which provides the draft of the contract. In the context of defence contracts, however, this legal doctrine plays out slightly differently.
It is axiomatic that defence is a monopsony. The Indian defence market, despite resource crunch, offers greater long-term opportunities to the defence companies than other markets in the world. Consequently, while the vendors may be able to dictate the price, mostly because of the limited competition, they often find themselves in a weaker bargaining position when it comes to negotiating the terms of the contract. As it is, it takes a fairly long time for a procurement proposal to reach the contract negotiation stage. After reaching that stage, the defence companies perhaps do not consider it worthwhile to insist on favourable terms for fear of the negotiations falling through and the procurement proposal going back to square one. Consequently, they end up signing the contracts despite reservations about some of the terms and conditions. This is a typical take-it or leave-it situation in which most vendors would choose the first option.
There is also a marked reluctance on the part of the vendors to take legal recourse even if a valid dispute arises from the terms of the contract during its execution because of the apprehension that it might impact their business in future. This seems to have induced some kind of complacency in the official circles that the existing SCD template does not require any major modification, which is why none of the amendments made in the SCD in the past have focussed on ensuring that its clauses facilitate, and in no way hinder, timely performance and completion of the contract by the vendor. This situation has persisted for a long time.
In an encouraging development, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has set up a committee in August 2019 under the chairmanship of the Director General (Acquisition) to review not only DPP 2016 but also the Defence Procurement Manual (DPM) 2009, which regulates revenue procurement for the Armed Forces and the Coast Guard. Apart from other aspects of the procurement procedure, the committee would do well to review the SCD (including the terms and conditions applicable to revenue procurement) based on certain principles.
First, a certain amount of flexibility needs to be built into the SCD so that each signed contract caters to the contract-specific requirements that facilitate unhindered performance of the contract by the vendor. Towards this end, the SCD can be divided into two parts: the standard clauses and the contract-specific special terms and conditions. The distinguishing feature of the standard clauses would be the uniformity of the concise legal language used in the text sometimes referred to as the boilerplate language in contract law across different types of contracts. Normally, it should be mandatory to include all such standard clauses in every contract without any change in the text. But a provision can also be made that wherever required the procurement personnel may resort to exclusion, or modification in the language, of any such clause based on legal advice and with the permission of the specified authority at the tendering stage.
Typically, this category would include clauses related to Law, Arbitration, Force Majeure, Agents, Penalty for Use of Undue Influence, Access to Books of Account, Non-disclosure of Contract Documents, Notices, Transfer and Sub-letting, Patents and Other Industrial Property Rights, Taxes and Duties, and Termination of Contract. But some other clauses, such as the Effective Date of Contract, Notices, Amendments, etc. could also be considered for inclusion in this category.
All other clauses, which generally require to be customised to cater to the specific requirement of a contract, can be clubbed under the category of special terms and conditions. While the template for such clauses may also be prescribed, it should be permissible for the procurement personnel to modify it, both in relation to the language and the contents thereof. This category would typically include terms like the Scope of the Contract, Guarantees, Payment Terms, Specifications, Inspections, Transportation, Packaging, Delivery Schedule, Product Support, Training, Option/Repeat Order purchase, etc.
Second, the SCD must conform to the concept of 'a complete contract' which would require the gaps in the existing template to be minimised, if not completely plugged. To illustrate, the vendors, especially the foreign companies, have been asking for inclusion of certain clauses, such as Limitation of Liability (LoL), 'Entire Agreement' and 'Severability' in the SCD template. While the LoL clause puts a cap on the liability of the parties arising from the contract, and the Entire Agreement clause conveys that the contract at hand represents the final agreement between the parties, superseding or invaliding all previous agreements, verbal understanding and correspondence the Severability clause ensures that the rest of the contract remains in force in the event of one or more provisions thereof being held to be unenforceable.
Third, there must be both textual and contextual clarity in various clauses of the contract. A typical example of ambiguity on both these counts is the provision related to transportation of stores. Article 11 in the SCD has two templates: one covering transportation by sea (Free on Board) and the other by air (Free Carrier or FCA). The first template (transportation by ship) prohibits transhipment, but also provides that the stores shall be delivered to the buyer by Indian ships and the necessary arrangements will be made by the Shipping Officer of the Ministry of Transport (sic). There is no corresponding prohibition in the second template, which also provides that the goods will be forwarded by the freight forwarder nominated by the buyer. And then there is Article 5A (Payment terms for foreign vendors), which says in clause 5A.9 that no transhipment of goods is allowed, without linking it with the mode of transport (sea or Air). As if this was not enough, SCD also contains another provision in Article 12 for airlift of stores by the buyer.
Several issues arise from this jumble. One, why is transhipment prohibited in the case of transportation by sea and not when it is by air? Two, if the shipping arrangements are to be made by the buyer (MoD), what is intended to be achieved by stipulating that transhipment is not permitted. Three, what purpose is served by the second template in Article 11 that covers transportation by air and Article 12 that deals with airlift of stores? Four, is the absence of prohibition on transhipment in the case of transportation by air not nullified by blanket prohibition on transhipment in Article 5A.9? Above all, would it not be more apt to define what would constitute transhipment rather than leaving it to subjective interpretation of the parties to the contract? Such ambiguities need to be removed from the SCD.
Fourth, the contract clauses must be tested on the principle of reasonability of obligation. To illustrate, Article 7 (Quality) of the SCD provides, “….. The SELLER confirms that the stores to be supplied under this contract shall be new i.e. not manufactured before (year of contract) and shall incorporate all the latest improvements and modifications thereto and spares of improved and modified equipment are backward integrated and interchangeable with same equipment supplied by the SELLER in the past if any. …..”This clause is inherently problematic not only because of the way it is worded but also because of the difficulty in abiding by it.
There is usually a long gap at times running into years between submission of bids and award of the contract, during which production of the item to be supplied as per the specifications indicated in the tender may give way to production of a technologically more advanced version of the same item. The above-mentioned clause would prevent the vendor from supplying the item for which the contract was signed ex-stock for it may have been made before the year of the contract. Instead, the said clause would require him to supply the improved version of the item. Apart from the loss he may incur by doing so (if the newer version is costlier), the vendor may also face the risk of the item being rejected on account of its not being in conformity with the specifications given in the contract. Moreover, the newer version may not be interchangeable with the same item supplied in the past, which is also what the aforesaid clause requires. Most importantly, the text of the clause does not make it clear as to who and how will it be ascertained that the changes do not 'adversely affect the end specifications'. Such clauses can cause serious disputes.
Fifth, the SCD must follow the principle of equitability. The objective should be to minimise, if not eliminate, the possibility of disputes arising from various clauses, whether on account of their text, intent, content, or implication. The fact that the vendors do not generally invoke arbitration or seek any other legal remedy does not necessarily mean that they have no grounds for raising a dispute. This is best illustrated by the clause related to Liquidated Damages (LD). The way it is presently worded is quite one-sided in that it does not take into account the possibility of there being contributory delay on the part of the buyer. It is not only necessary to spell out the obligations of the buyer that would constitute the sine qua non for discharge of corresponding obligation by the vendor but the SCD must also contain a provision spelling out the manner for determination of responsibility for delay, including contributory delay on the part of the buyer, before imposition of liquidated damages. As a matter of fact, many of the actual problems and disputes that arise from the terms of the contracts signed on the lines of the prescribed SCD can be prevented if MoD can come up with a more effective pre-arbitration dispute resolution mechanism and make it a part of the SCD. | https://defproac.com/?p=9781 |
A warehouse legal liability contract establishes the terms for a relationship between a warehouse owner or a shipper of goods and the individuals operating the warehouse, also known as warehousemen. Because the operation of a warehouse and the handling of fragile and precious goods come with inherit risks, legal liability must be clearly addressed and established for all aspects of warehouse operations. Certain liability aspects cannot necessarily be waived by contract as they may be governed by state law.
All warehouse legal liability contracts will contain many similar terms such as the names and addresses of the parties, a brief description of the relationships of the parties, the term of the agreement and all boilerplate terms related to the operation of the agreement. An introduction to a warehouse legal liability contract might state, "In consideration of the services provided by XYZ corporation, hereinafter, 'Warehousemen,' and the compensation provided by ABC corporation, hereinafter, 'Owner,' the parties agree that the following legal liability contract shall take effect from the date of signature for a term of one year."
Typically, a warehouseman company is liable for the damage caused to goods that are in its control or custody. As a result, the warehouseman company is typically required to obtain certain insurance policies to cover this risk. An insurance clause in a warehouse liability agreement could state, "Upon the execution of this agreement the Warehousemen shall be required to obtain a comprehensive liability insurance policy in the amount of $5 million. A copy of the policy shall be submitted to the Owner and the policy shall be subject to the Owner's approval. Failure to maintain the insurance policy shall be grounds for termination of this agreement."
Because the goods being handled may require specific care, a warehouse legal liability contract may contain conditions about how the warehouse must be maintained and a description of the minimum requirements of the warehouse. The wording of a warehouse description might state, "The Owner shall be required to maintain a facility comprising approximately 200,000 square feet at all time for the benefit of the Warehousemen. This facility shall remain in a state of good repair suitable for storing dry goods, and the Warehousemen shall notify Owner immediately of any conditions requiring repair." Depending on the type of goods being stored, a warehouse description clause might also contain provisions for cold storage of food or access for large industrial vehicles. The warehouse description clause may also establish the potential legal liability of the owner for failure to maintain the warehouse in an operable condition.
One of the key provisions of a warehouse legal liability agreement is an indemnification clause. These clauses establish which party shall provide a legal defense and pay any costs resulting from harm to a third party or financial damage. Multiple indemnification clauses may be used in the same agreement depending on the issue being addressed. An indemnification clause in a warehouse legal liability agreement could read, "The Warehousemen hereby agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Owner from all claims from third parties for damages that result from the Warehousemen's use of the premises or handling of goods therein." | https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/wording-warehouse-legal-liability-contract-29487.html |
12-08-2021 0183 32 Description We are looking for monitoring and evaluation specialists to design and carry out the evaluation of the UK Freeports Programme This will involve, but not be limited to, the feasibility study, developing a Monitoring and Evaluation M E Framework/associated products, carrying out baseline studies prior to Freeports becoming operational, and carrying ,...
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No.416 Jianye Road, South Jinqiao Area,Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China. | https://www.onditquoieducpop.fr/research/4815/contract-feasibility-study-ssgpo.html |
What Is a Contract Farming Agreement?
Before we define the agreement document, first of all, what is contract farming? Well, if the core definition of farming involves growing crops and keeping animals for food and raw materials personally to have something to eat every day, contract farming involves agricultural output that is carried out in accordance with an agreement between the customer and farm producers. In this approach of farming, the farmer agrees to furnish agreed-upon amounts of a crop or livestock product depending on the purchaser’s quality criteria and delivery requirements. In exchange, the buyer, who is generally a large company, agrees to purchase the goods at a certain price. Furthermore, this farming approach may be employed for a variety of agricultural goods, albeit it is less prevalent in poor nations for basic crops like rice and corn.
As stated, for contract farming to be carried out effectively between two parties while minimizing any chance of trouble, a document such as a contract farming agreement needs to be in place. It is a legal document that details a series of provisions in which the landowner or tenant (known as the farmer) provides land, buildings, and other technical devices while another farmer (known as the contractor) provides labor and machinery in exchange for an assured fixed annual payment per hectare and a bonus from net earnings. For tax reasons, both parties retain their own business identities and trading positions under this type of agreement. The agreement specifies the farmer’s and contractor’s responsibilities, as well as how any money and expenses would be split. This has the advantage of generating a bigger and more consistent revenue for both parties.
What’s Inside a Contract Farming Agreement?
Since this type of agreement needs to be present in order to practice contract farming effectively and trouble-free, it needs to be effective. And for this document to be effective, it needs to have the following key elements in place:
Steps in Writing a Contract Farming Agreement
Here are the important steps to be followed in order to create a contract farming agreement:
1. Identify Who is Involved
The first step that needs to be carried out when writing a contract farming agreement (or any type of agreement) is to identify who are the parties involved along with a brief description of their roles. In the case of the contract farming agreement, the parties involved are the farmer and the contractor. In brief terms, the role of the farmer in this agreement is to provide land, buildings, and equipment to the contractor that are necessary to carry out the agreement while the role of the contractor is to provide the necessary labor and machinery for the agreement to commence and to carry out every responsibility stated in the agreement in a professional manner.
2. Write the Key Clauses
After identifying who is involved in the agreement alongside their roles, it’s time to write down the key clauses that make up the main body of the agreement in this step. Some of the key clauses that make up the contract farming agreement include farming services, farming business, and the farming policy. The farming services clause should state that the contractor needs to carry out the services in accordance and subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement. The farming business clause states that the farming business shall be the business of the party identified as the “farmer” in this agreement and the party shall be the registered producer of the goods for tax purposes. The farming policy clause dictates the farming policies to be observed throughout the duration of the agreement.
3. Write the Secondary Clauses
After writing down the key clauses of the contract farming agreement, it’s time to write down the secondary (or the boilerplate) clauses that make up the agreement. Some of the secondary clauses of the agreement include the arbitration clause, the notices clause, and the governing law clause. The arbitration clause of this agreement states that in any event of disagreement that affects the construction of the agreement, an arbiter needs to be appointed, and his/her decision regarding the dispute shall be final. The notices clause states that any notices to be handed out by either party need to be given at the stated addresses and shall be done so at an appropriate date in order to be considered as properly given. The governing law clause states the place whose laws the agreement should observe.
4. Verify and Finalize
After writing down the main and secondary clauses of the agreement, it’s time to give it a second look. This also serves as the last step in creating this agreement. When verifying, check if there are any inconsistencies present throughout the main and secondary clauses, check if there are any typographical or grammatical errors that may alter the outlook of the document, and check if there are any missing elements that need to be included. When everything’s done, the agreement may now be set in motion by signing it.
FAQs
What is the centralized model of contract farming?
In the centralized contract farming model, buyer engagement can range from limited input provision to management of the majority of production activities, such as land preparation and harvesting. This contract farming approach is commonly utilized for tree crops, annual crops, poultry, and dairy. The centralized model of contract farming gets its name from a centralized processor and/or packer purchasing from a multitude of small farmers.
How does a contract farming agreement benefit the farmer?
One advantage of this arrangement for the farmer is that he or she retains ownership of the land and may thus enjoy living there and the advantages of the agricultural lifestyle. Furthermore, the contract should yield a larger and more consistent revenue than in-hand farming because the farmer benefits from the contractor’s cheaper labor and machinery expenses, as well as their knowledge and skills. The agreement should also provide incentives for the contractor to be as efficient as necessary.
What is a type of farming?
Arable farming, which entails producing crops only in warm climates, is an instance of a type of farming practiced globally. It is done on moderately sloping or flat ground with rich, productive soil. In arable farming, it is critical that the ground not be excessively wet or too dry. Crop-growing land should be relatively protected and appropriate for the use of machines.
Contract farming establishes the conditions necessary for the production and marketing of a farm product, and it is understandable that the process can get so complex sometimes. In order for things to get streamlined between the parties involved as well as their interests to get protected, a contract farming agreement needs to be in place. In this article, plenty of sample templates are available should you require further understanding of this topic. | https://www.sample.net/business/contracts/agreement/contract-farming-agreement/ |
What is the difference between a clause and a provision in a contract?
What is the difference between a clause and a provision in a contract?
A provision is any condition or requirement in a legal document. Verbal contracts will have provisions but they will not have any clauses. It is a feature of the contract which corresponds with a clause and may extend to several clauses or be contained in a sub-clause.
What are standard provisions in a contract?
General contract provisions are requirements including standard conditions in contracts like terms of payment, terms of delivery, and recommended measures against contract violation. Parties usually add boilerplate conditions to their contracts for the following reasons: For increased efficiency.
What is a contract of sale of goods?
4 (1) A contract of sale of goods is a contract whereby the seller transfers, or agrees to transfer, the property in goods to the buyer for a money consideration, called the “price”, and there may be a contract of sale between one part owner and another. (2) A contract of sale may be absolute or conditional.
Is provisions and conditions are same?
As nouns the difference between condition and provision is that condition is a logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses the phrase can either be true or false while provision is an item of goods or supplies obtained for future use.
What are provisions in legal terms?
noun. a clause in a legal instrument, a law, etc., providing for a particular matter; stipulation; proviso. the providing or supplying of something, especially of food or other necessities. arrangement or preparation beforehand, as for the doing of something, the meeting of needs, the supplying of means, etc.
What are general provisions?
General provisions are balance sheet items representing funds set aside by a company as assets to pay for anticipated future losses. For banks, a general provision is considered to be supplementary capital under the first Basel Accord.
What is a standard clause?
A Standard Clause, also known as a “merger” or “integration” clause, that integrates all previous negotiations, representations, warranties, and agreements into the contract and indicates a final agreement on the terms and provisions.
What should be included in purchase and sale agreement?
What’s Included In A Purchase And Sale Agreement?
- Purchase Price. One major purpose of the PSA is to establish an agreed-upon sale price in writing between the buyer and the seller.
- Earnest Money Details.
- Closing Date.
- Title Insurance Company Details.
- Title Condition.
- Escrow Company.
- Contingencies.
- Addendum.
What is a sale of goods sample clause?
Sale of Goods Sample Clauses. Sale of Goods. Seller should sell and Buyer should purchase following Goods (“Goods”): Items, such as different kind of work wear and other related products, which will be ordered by Buyer, with embroidered logos on them, which can be designed by Seller in accordance with Buyer’s request.
What is an international sales of goods contract?
International Sales of Goods Contract: 10 Key Clauses © globalnegotiator.com INTERNATIONAL CONTRACT FOR SALE OF GOODS: 10 KEY CLAUSES By definition, International Sales of Goods Contracts imply that the sellers and buyers are located in different countries.
When do seller and buyer agree to ship goods to buyer?
“Seller and buyer agree that owner ship of the contract goods will pas to the buyer upon payment of the price to the seller”. Depending on the payment terms, this clause could imply a retention of title situation that would require compliance with the formalities in the buyer’s country.
Should contract goods be specified in the contract? | https://drinksavvyinc.com/other/what-is-the-difference-between-a-clause-and-a-provision-in-a-contract/ |
In Johnson County, Kansas, an employment contract is agreement between an employer and employee which legally binds them to conditions stated in the work relationship. Many employment contracts in Kansas are negotiable because both parties frequently find it beneficial to arrive on an unique agreement that best suits the circumstances. Employees with an employment contract specified a time of employment are provided with a guarantee of job security if conditions of the contract are met, and it allows their managers to have some form of control over productivity.
Common Terms in Kansas Employment Contracts
An employment contract in Kansas will normally provide for the following terms: job position description, compensation, duration of employment period (or at-will), and grounds for promotion/termination. Please note, however, that contracts can contain other less common clauses. First, for instance, an arbitration clause may require the parties to forgo the right to sue in the event of an employment dispute.
Moreover, the procedures for ending employment can be stated in a "termination clause". Courts may hold an employer who violates such clauses liable for wrongful termination. Moreover, confidentiality and non-compete clauses make any information obtained or work completed by an employee under contract subject to specific rules.
How Can a Johnson County Lawyer Help?
Johnson County has many lawyers specializing in Kansas employment law who may help you understand what the terms of the employment contract are. You may also get advice from a lawyer about fairness in the contract terms, and they will negotiate particular clauses that will meet your needs in beginning or ending employment. | https://employment-law.legalmatch.com/KS/Johnson-County/employment-contracts.html |
Curve Lake First Nation (CLFN) is seeking proposals from qualified consultants to develop and design essential tools to aid Administration with sustainably managing and implementing its organization wide compensation strategy. Additionally, CLFN would like to ensure that its compensation strategy and salary grid complies with new legislation.
The purpose of this Request for Proposal (RFP) is to solicit proposals from specific individuals or firms, conduct a fair and extensive evaluation based on criteria listed herein, and select the Proposal that best represents the knowledge and experience needed to complete the task.
The total registered population of Curve Lake First Nation is 2314. There are 952 members who live on reserve while 1362 live off of the reserve.
The Council is comprised of one (1) Chief and eight (8) Councilors.
First Nation operations are currently organized into five departments. These are Administration and Finance, Health and Family Services, Education, Economic Development and Public Works. Curve Lake First Nation employs approximately 80 full time employees and 25 short term contracts and casual staff.
Several Council committees have been established to assist the operating departments. These include Finance, Health & Family Services, Education, Economic Development, Public Works, Housing, Lands and employee Health and Safety. Additional Council Committees include, Gaming Revenue Fund, Claims, Petroglyphs, Pow Wow, Recreation, Rights and Resources and Youth Council.
Curve Lake First Nation delivers a number of essential and non-essential programs and services to both member and non-member residents of the community.
In 2010/11 Curve Lake First Nation commissioned a comprehensive review of its organization. Among the 78 recommendations put forth included the development of an organizational wide compensation strategy.
In 2015/16, a Framework Design for the Implementation of the Organization’s Compensation
Strategy was developed by an independent consultant that clearly provided direction on options for implementation. Specifically, this included:
- Identifying key components of the Compensation Strategy
- Direct Compensation (Salaries)
- Indirect Compensation (Pension Plan, Group Insurance Benefits and Paid Leave)
- Non-Financial Compensation (Job Descriptions, Training and Development and Unpaid Leave of Absence)
- Providing Options to finance incremental costs
- Implement cost efficiencies within existing budgets
- Redirect eligible program expenditures to alternate funding sources
- Seek funding increases for salaries and benefits
- Dedicate indexing to compensation increases
- Apply to the Gaming Revenue Fund
- Providing Options to implement the Strategy
- Implement 100% in 2016/17
- Phase implementation over 2 years
- Defer salary increases until cost efficiencies are verified
- Providing recommendations on process of implementation
- Providing recommendations to monitor the strategy
CLFN’s compensation strategy was implemented in two phases: 66% in fiscal year 2016/17 and 34% in 2017/18.
While much progress has been made with respect to the Strategy, Administration is lacking the tools and instructions needed to manage, update and consistently apply compensation elements. Specifically, enhancements are needed in the areas of:
- Staff training and clear instructions on how to use, maintain and amend the salary grid
- Monitoring the Strategy
- Methods to track changes to costs
- Verification of legal compliance
2. PROPOSAL GUIDELINES
This Request for Proposal represents the requirements for an open and competitive process. Proposals will be accepted until 12 pm (noon) Friday February 22, 2019. Any proposals received after this date and time will be returned to the sender.
If the firm or organization submitting a proposal must outsource or contract any work to meet the requirements contained herein, this must be clearly stated in the proposal. Additionally, all costs included in proposals must be all-inclusive to include any outsourced or contracted work. Any proposals which call for outsourcing or contracting work must include a name and description of the organizations being contracted.
All costs must be itemized to include an explanation of all fees and costs.
Contract terms and conditions will be negotiated upon selection of the winning bidder for this RFP. All contractual terms and conditions may be subject to review by Curve Lake First Nation Administration and will include scope, budget, schedule, and other necessary items pertaining to the project.
Proposal Inquiries
All questions, requests for information, instructions or clarifications regarding any part of this RFP must be set out in writing and directed to:
Stephen Conway, General Manager
22 Winookeedaa Street
Curve Lake First Nation, ON, K0L 1R0
705-657-8045
[email protected]
All questions related to this RFP or any clarification with respect to this RFP must be made no later than 3 Business Days prior to the closing date of this RFP in order that staff may have sufficient time to respond. Curve Lake reserves the right to extend the deadline for questions, if required, regarding this RFP.
Written answers or clarifications to issues of substance shall be shared with all Proponents and shall be issued as part of the RFP in the form of an Addendum. This RFP and all addendum(s), if any, shall also be posted on Curve Lake’s website.
Submissions and Closing Date
The closing date for proposals is set for Friday February 22, 2019 at noon. Only proposals that are mailed or emailed will be accepted. If packages are mailed, please send 3 copies of the Proposal. Packages should be clearly marked “Proposal” for Development of Compensation Strategy Tools for Sustainability.
Proposals should be submitted to the attention of:
Stephen Conway, General Manager
22 Winookeedaa Street
Curve Lake First Nation, ON, K0L 1R0
705-657-8045
[email protected]
3. PROJECT PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this project is as follows:
A Compensation Strategy is a key component in the development of an overall Human Resource Management Plan. It is also vital to ensure overall organizational effectiveness and the objectives of Curve Lake First Nation are being met.
They are:
- Review of the current salary grid and its appropriateness considering CLFN’s profile.
- Staff training and development of the tools to use, maintain and amend the salary grid which includes:
- How salary ranges for new employees are determined and inserted into the grid
- How employees move across levels within the range
- How cost of living increases are applied to the grid
- How changes to the grid are recommended and approved
- How to manage red circled employees
- Monitoring of the Strategy
- Identify an annual method of verifying how incremental costs to compensation are being paid for and how they can be sustained in the future
- Accuracy of Cost
- Identify significant changes to direct, indirect and non-financial compensation elements to ensure Administration knows the actual cost of the Strategy from Year to Year
- Legal Compliance
- With respect to the new salary grid, verification that it complies with amended and or new legislation
The overriding goal of this project is to create a path forward whereby the compensation strategy can be properly and sustainably managed in a manner that is understood clearly by Administration, Staff, Council and the Community.
Role of the Consultant/Firm:
The Consultant/Firm will provide independent expertise and advice on the development and design of Compensation Tools for Sustainable Implementation for the organization’s compensation strategy. The consultant will join the Organizational Review Team as a participatory member and:
- Guide, manage and monitor the progress of the project
- Provide ongoing direction and support to the Organizational Review Team
- Assist in the formulation of options for compensation strategy implementation
- Provide expert advice on each key decision and recommendation
Deliverables:
The consultant or firm will be required to make 1 presentation to Council.
The consultant will prepare and submit electronic progress reports for the General Manager for each milestone in the approved work plan.
The consultant will prepare a final report for consideration detailing a clear strategy on how CLFN is to move forward with the implementation of its compensation strategy. The final report will include an implementation plan that provides detailed recommendations as well as a detailed monitoring plan.
Electronic copies of all reports are to be provided to the Curve Lake First Nation. Additionally, 16 hard copies will need to be provided once the final report is approved by Chief and Council.
4. SCOPE
The consultant or firm should, at the very least incorporate the following activities into its proposal:
- Review current reports that were produced internally and by outside service providers
- Organizational Review Report
- Compensation Strategy Framework Final Report
- Participate in half day meeting with ORT to discuss areas requiring added direction and tools as well as specific concerns
- Take the necessary time to become acquainted with the current compensation strategy elements
- Provide regular progress reports
- Exploration and development of options inclusive of funding implications and offsetting funding options
- Development of final report containing useable tools for sustainable implementation and management of the current compensation strategy
5. REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL AND PROJECT TIMELINE
Request for Proposal Timeline:
All proposals in response to this RFP are due no later than 12:00 pm (noon) EST Friday
February 22, 2019.
Evaluation of proposals will be conducted the week of on February 25, 2019.
If additional information or discussions are needed with any bidders during this time, the bidder(s) will be notified.
Notifications to bidders who were not selected will occur by March 15, 2019.
Project Timeline: Project must be completed by May 1, 2019.
6. BUDGET
The maximum limit is $20,000 including professional fees, administration, and other disbursements.
The invoicing schedule will be as follows:
- 25% upon acceptance of proposal by Council and contract signed by General Manager
- 25% upon completion of one-quarter of work · 25% upon completion of half of work
- 25% upon the acceptance of the final report as deemed satisfactory by Curve Lake First Nation
NOTE: All costs and fees must be clearly described in each proposal.
7. BIDDER QUALIFICATIONS
Proposals should include, but not be limited to, the following components:
- Outline the consultants understanding of the work to be undertaken
- Outline the consultant’s experience in developing and reviewing compensation strategies for First Nations and other public bodies
- Identify appropriate accreditation (CPHR, CHRP, CHRL or CHRE)
- Outline the consultant’s approach and strategies to the project
- Outline how the options will be developed and evaluated
- Identify the tasks to be undertaken by Curve Lake First Nation leadership, management and staff
- Identify the stages of interim reporting
- Identify the final reporting methods and products
- Provide an itemized cost estimate to achieve each milestone within the consultant’s recommended approach, including consulting fees (hourly and per diem rates for each member of the team, miscellaneous expenses and disbursements)
- The names and contact information for three referrals
8. EVALUATION CRITERIA
Curve Lake First Nation will evaluate all proposals based on the following criteria. To ensure consideration for this Request for Proposal, your Proposal should be complete and include all of the following criteria:
- Firm: Experience and satisfactory performance on similar contracts
- Project Team: The number, qualifications and experience of personnel to be assigned or made available
- Proposal: The depth and detail of the submission which indicates the understanding of the requirements of the Terms of Reference and the size, complexity and time constraints of the job
- Schedule: The turnaround time established for dealing with requests from the Curve Lake First Nation
- Control: Overview of the Quality Assurance and Conflict of Interest mandates of the consultant
- Costs: Evaluation of the proposed fees and disbursements
- First Nation Experience: The degree of experience that the consultant has in working with First Nation clients
- Referrals: Listed referrals will be contacted by the First Nation to ensure that the firm has the experience and qualifications to undertake the work
9. PREPARATION OF SOLICITATION
If a proposing company, individual, or subcontractor was involved in the preparation of the RFP solicitation that proposal is disqualified.
10. PRIVILEGE CLAUSES
Curve Lake First Nation reserves its right:
- Not to award the contract
- Not to award the contract necessarily to the lowest priced bidder, but rather to the best “value”
- To conduct negotiations with one or more bidders in the event the negotiations with the first bidder are unsuccessful
- To conduct a survey of potential bidders to obtain clarification of their proposals as part of the evaluation process
- To cancel and reissue the RFP
- To extend any deadlines and amend the proposal process
11. EXCLUSIONARY CLAUSES
The proposal writer shall be liable for all costs associated with preparation and submission of the proposal up to the final award of the contract.
Curve Lake First Nation shall not be liable for any costs, expenses, loss or damage incurred, sustained or suffered by any bidder prior, or subsequent to, or by reason of the acceptance or the non-acceptance by CLFN of any proposal, or by reason of any delay in acceptance of a proposal, except as provided in the tender documents.
This article comes from NationTalk:
http://on.nationtalk.ca
The permalink for this story is: | http://on.nationtalk.ca/tender/rfp-development-of-compensation-strategy-tools-for-sustainability/?print=1 |
Also known as a shareholders` agreement, the shareholders` agreement aims to protect the minority or majority of shareholders depending on the type of wording. The purpose of this document is to create a fair relationship between shareholders. The agreement generally describes in detail the rights and obligations of each shareholder and the legitimate pricing of shares. As a general rule, a share subscription agreement must include the number of shares that the company issues to the shareholder, as well as the order and date on which the shareholder makes the payment. A share subscription contract varies considerably according to the needs of each company, but some of the general clauses contained are confidentiality, compliance with the condition precedent, tranches as well as guarantee and compensation. A share subscription agreement is an agreement between a company and investors to sell shares at a fixed price to investors. This is done simply by offering new shares to investors who will become shareholders of the company at the end of the transaction. If a company wishes to raise capital, it can do so by issuing shares that can be acquired by private placement or public offering. As part of the private placement procedure, the new shareholder receives a private placement memorandum once the conditions have been met. This memorandum contains a description of the investment and is usually accompanied by a share subscription contract.
Both the share contribution contract and the shareholder contract are signed at the end of the due diligence process when setting up a company. Although they are two separate documents, they are sometimes brought together in one document, called an investment agreement. However, for the sake of clarity, it is recommended to keep them separately. Contact us, your florida business attorney, to help you understand the difference between the share purchase agreement and the shareholder agreement and help you execute them. On the other hand, the shareholders` agreement defines the relationship between the shareholders, sets the conditions for holding shares of the company and is not directly related to the investment process itself. The shareholder agreement is a contract signed by the shareholders of a company and usually contains details such as restrictions on the transfer of shares, participation/tag clauses, non-competition clauses, issuance of shares, termination of shareholder agreements and employment issues. One of the differences between the share subscription contract and the shareholders` agreement is that the shareholder agreement is more detailed. The share subscription contract is usually simple and simple, but it can sometimes contain detailed conditions on guarantees and compensation for shareholders. It is an exchange of promises between a potential shareholder known as a subscriber and a company.
A share subscription agreement provides that the company agrees to sell a certain number of shares at a given time and price, so that the subscriber becomes a shareholder. In return, the subscriber agrees to buy the shares at a given time and at a certain price. Share subscription contracts are common in limited partnerships where the complement manages the entire partnership. . . . | http://www.sc-arisdeheer.nl/?p=63672 |
Contract Engineer Job Description: A Contract Engineer is a specialist in the field of engineering, who oversees projects, conducts reviews and studies the legalities of the contract between the client and the engineer and makes sure that all terms of the contract are tended to fairly. A contract engineer also must draft commercial tenders, and also sometimes must estimate the budgets of a specific project, before the administrating or awarding of the contract.
A Contract Engineer deals mainly with writing up and preparing the paperwork, and working on the contractual conditions of a project, between the clients and the engineers. Because a contract engineer is often the person between two businesses, their job can take on a lot of responsibilities and duties. We analyzed several job postings to identify these common Contract Engineer duties and responsibilities. Draft Contracts Contract Engineers draft and review contracts, often adding or changing clauses according to the specifications of stakeholders. Handle Issues with Contracts During each stage of development, problems with contracts can arise, and a contract engineer must be able to allay them. Keep Records This includes drawings, field notes, sketches, reference manuals and any other engineering materials and making sure that they are noted in the contract, and that all information is dictated. Execute Contracts During the development process, letters must be drafted and signed by various people including clients, subcontractors, project managers and governmental overseers.
Supervise and lead engineers, scientists and technicians who design machinery, plan and develop civil projects, and oversee production and quality control.
Direct and coordinate production, operations, quality assurance, testing, or maintenance in industrial plants.
Oversee the research and development of new products and procedures.
Hire, train, and mentor other engineers and supporting staff.
Write performance reviews and solve internal issues.
Analyze market demand and available resources.
Review, approve, or modify product designs.
Prepare budgets, bids, and contracts.
Draft proposals and reports for clients.
Improve manufacturing processes and advance scientific research.
Develop overall concepts for a new product.
Establish administrative policies, procedures, and standards.
Coordinate activities of unit with other units or organizations.
Confer with higher levels of management.
Most structural engineers work either for construction/engineering consultancies – where they focus on designing structures and tend to work in an office environment – or for contractors, where they will oversee the construction of the structure, working on site. Most engineers will specialize in a type of project (or infrastructure), such as bridges or buildings. Working hours for consultant structural engineers are typical office hours, with some overtime to meet deadlines; engineers working on site tend to have longer hours and shiftwork. | https://jobdeygh.com/skill/bsc-engeering/ |
Christoph Arndt is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at Aarhus University in Denmark. His book provided a cross-national, comparative policy analysis which “demonstrates that Third Way reforms went against the social policy preferences of social democracy's core voters and indeed produced an electoral setback for social democrats at the ballots.”(Arndt,2013, p.282).This term “Third Way” refers to various political positions which try to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of right-wing economic and left-wing social policies(Bobbio&Cameron,1997).This book is the eighteenth in the Changing Welfare States series, and provides a comparative study of the electoral consequences of Third Way welfare state reforms. It investigates whether Third Way reforms alienated traditional social democratic core constituents and shed some light on the factors causing variations between countries. The book's main argu-ment is that Third Way reforms indeed produced an electoral setback for social democrats and that the nature of the setback is contingent on the electoral system and the party competition social democrats face when reforming the welfare state (Arndt,2013, p. 24). Regarding the Changing Welfare States series, it is important to note that “the overriding objective of the series is tracing and explaining the full trajectories of contemporary welfare state changes and its outcomes”(Arndt, 2013, p.2). The welfare state may be narrowly described in old school traditional ways, in addressing the “social risks of old age, unemployment, sickness(including the health care system), disability, poverty and inequality in general”, or in new school ways including the “social risks that have arisen mainly due to post-industrialization, such as reconciling work and family life, non-standard employment, and low and inadequate skills”(Arndt, 2013, p. 2). | https://paper.researchbib.com/view/paper/152811 |
U.S. Senators Risch, Shaheen Praise Georgia’s Electoral Reform Deal
On March 10, U.S. Senators Jim Risch (R-Idaho), chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and Jeanne Shaheen (D-N.H.), ranking member of the Subcommittee on Europe and Regional Security Cooperation, released the statement in response to the electoral system reform agreement between the ruling Georgian Dream and opposition parties.
“I am very glad to see an agreement reached by all sides of the Georgian political spectrum this weekend, and expect to see its full implementation in the coming weeks and months,” said Senator Risch.
“I am pleased to say that this agreement is a critical step towards restoring democracy and good governance in Georgia. As Georgia prepares for parliamentary elections later this year, it is imperative that the agreed upon changes be put into place quickly and honored by all sides,” chairman of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee added.
“The United States looks forward to seeing fully free and fair elections in Georgia this fall, and I commend all parties for making the difficult compromises needed to move Georgian democracy forward,” Risch continued.
“Additionally, I applaud the promise made in the joint statement on Sunday to address “actions that could be perceived as inappropriate politicization of Georgia’s judicial and electoral processes,” and expect to see the release of politically-motivated detainees imminently,” Risch stated.
On her part, Senator Shaheen said she is “encouraged to see the Georgian government take the first step in making good on its promise of electoral reforms. This is crucial for their nation’s democracy.”
“Since 2012, we’ve seen Georgia work diligently to make this democratic transition and they’ve made important progress toward that goal over the last eight years,” added Shaheen.
Concluding the statement, Shaheen stated that “I also appreciate Georgia heeding mine and Senator Risch’s concerns about respecting civil engagement and the voices of the Georgian people, which is a core tenet of a democratic society. I’m hopeful that Georgia will continue down this path and remain committed to strengthening their democratic institutions.”
Also read: | https://civil.ge/archives/341896 |
Repairing the brain with physical exercise: Cortical thickness and brain volume increases in long-term pediatric brain tumor survivors in response to a structured exercise intervention.
Szulc-Lerch KU., Timmons BW., Bouffet E., Laughlin S., de Medeiros CB., Skocic J., Lerch JP., Mabbott DJ.
There is growing evidence that exercise induced experience dependent plasticity may foster structural and functional recovery following brain injury. We examined the efficacy of exercise training for neural and cognitive recovery in long-term pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with radiation. We conducted a controlled clinical trial with crossover of exercise training (vs. no training) in a volunteer sample of 28 children treated with cranial radiation for brain tumors (mean age = 11.5 yrs.; mean time since diagnosis = 5.7 yrs). The endpoints were anatomical T1 MRI data and multiple behavioral outcomes presenting a broader analysis of structural MRI data across the entire brain. This included an analysis of changes in cortical thickness and brain volume using automated, user unbiased approaches. A series of general linear mixed effects models evaluating the effects of exercise training on cortical thickness were performed in a voxel and vertex-wise manner, as well as for specific regions of interest. In exploratory analyses, we evaluated the relationship between changes in cortical thickness after exercise with multiple behavioral outcomes, as well as the relation of these measures at baseline. Exercise was associated with increases in cortical thickness within the right pre and postcentral gyri. Other notable areas of increased thickness related to training were present in the left pre and postcentral gyri, left temporal pole, left superior temporal gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus. Further, we observed that compared to a separate cohort of healthy children, participants displayed multiple areas with a significantly thinner cortex prior to training and fewer differences following training, indicating amelioration of anatomical deficits. Partial least squares analysis (PLS) revealed specific patterns of relations between cortical thickness and various behavioral outcomes both after training and at baseline. Overall, our results indicate that exercise training in pediatric brain tumor patients treated with radiation has a beneficial impact on brain structure. We argue that exercise training should be incorporated into the development of neuro-rehabilitative treatments for long-term pediatric brain tumor survivors and other populations with acquired brain injury. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01944761). | https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/1034541 |
The roles of science and other institutional structures in decision-making and negotiation processeshave changed since the 1970s with increasing requirements for environmental assessment and environmental outcomes and the move away from highly centralised government to broader governance. At the same time, the capacities, complexities and areas of specialisation of science have increased greatly as have requirements for environmental assessment and environmental outcomes. Part of this changing context has been increasing contestation of science in resource and environmental contexts where decision making requires synthesis of biophysical and socio-economic knowledge. While scientific institutions, including CSIRO and universities have the role of trusted expert advisor built substantially on a foundation of biophysical science expertise there is an expectation of clearer communication and engagement with the social sciences and a broader range of stakeholders within systems of governance.
The barriers to the application of science reflect changing institutional expectations of science. The challenge in an increasingly informed world is to address the credibility and salience of science. The theme 5 survey and discussion with local government, State and Commonwealth government employees, community advisory and volunteer groups, researchers and industry indicated issues in client-science engagement:
Clarity about data needs
Limited in-house capacity and inadequate engagement between researchers and information users were key issues identified in the survey and follow up interviews. Typically two areas are needed in the application of science for planning.
The first is for desk study and analysis of existing data and peer reviewed literature to establish baseline understanding of the current situation and outlook with no change to management.
The second is for best available information and local data to fill gaps in understanding within available and often limited, time and resources, in order to better understand the constraints and opportunities for development of new management policy. Where it is not possible to conduct substantial local studies scientific inputs may be constrained to critical analysis of published research, information and data from comparable situations with limited new data to relate these to the local situation.
Conceptual and contractual clarity between client and science provider from the start of a task and through ongoing discussions are important for defining realistically achievable data needs and addressing contingency modifications. This should assist in the final product addressing the defined need as well as possible changes/adaptations within the constraints of the program.
Scale
Spatial scale is a particularly important consideration in problem structure for coastal management. Small areas, specific sites or areas of primary value for competing uses by more than one individual or group will often present un- or poorly structured problems.
Larger areas may enable differential allocation of such uses to subunits of the area. Thus their management may be addressed as moderately, or poorly structured problems resolvable by least-worst solutions where stakeholders accept a solution package as reasonable which does not necessarily deliver the preferred outcome for each stakeholder. However this does not preclude significant public and political debate in arriving at such a solution.
Differential allocation of use in time including periodic access or closure for particular uses or phasing in of changes to usage may similarly enable acceptable solutions to address strategic objectives in coastal zone management.
Temporal scale is similarly important. The underlying processes of biophysical and socio-economic change in coastal areas are medium to long term in relation to the short time horizon of most financial or political/electoral decision cycles and catastrophe response strategies.
The timescale challenge for a problem to move from an unstructured, through poorly to moderately structured, and thus enable major strategic responses may be seen in response to climate change. The term “shifting baselines” is often used in discussing perception of the nature and implications of gradual environmental change. For each generation the baseline is the condition at the time of their early experience. In that context, the gradual change of sea-level rise can present as a poorly structured problem for strategic policy response.
In the context of the expected effects of climate change, the immediate and short-term coastal management decision driver is most likely the preparation for an emergency response to, and post event recovery from severe weather events. The intermediate medium-term strategic decision driver is preparation for expected increases in frequency and intensity of such events, while the long-term decision driver is the expected rise in mean sea level by the middle / end of the century.
Information sharing and understanding the applicability of the science
In coastal zone planning and management the data, information and knowledge developed through biophysical science interact with cultural, social and economic values, attitudes and traditional knowledge. Information derived from complex analyses may be shared through publication or internet systems but understanding the various forms of knowledge and how biophysical scientific knowledge interacts with socio-economic and community knowledge generally requires engagement, explanation and the development of trust within boundary organisations.
Uncertainty, risk and standards of proof
The challenges of science application in coastal zone management arise in part from difficulties in communicating the concepts of statistical confidence, addressing uncertainty in research design, and degrees of risk in relation to false positive (type 1) and false negative (type 2) errors associated with projected impacts and consequent design of strategic responses to climate change and coastal areas. | https://coastalcluster.org.au/node/318 |
Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) is a co-chair of the Electoral Reforms Task Force which was formed to strengthen the movement of electoral reforms and achieve the reform agenda in Malawi. In this interview, The Nation talks to MEC director of Media and Public Relations Sangwani Mwafulirwa on the progress of the reforms.
Q: After the May 2014 elections, the commission announced that it will implement electoral reforms, where is the process now?
A: The commission conducted post-mortem meetings immediately after the elections with stakeholders in all the councils across the nation. Through the meetings, the commission collected views of the public on the areas which they wanted to be considered for reforms as we prepare for the next elections in 2019. Parallel to that, the Malawi Electoral Support Network [Mesn] also conducted review meetings with stakeholders at national and regional levels. A number of views were put forward by stakeholders to be considered for reforms. To ensure that there is a coordinated way of pushing for the reforms, a national task force on electoral reforms was formed. This task has managed to conduct a national electoral reforms conference where stakeholders including political parties, government departments and agencies, civil society organisations, development partners and the MEC brainstormed on the proposals. During this conference, there were presentations from various experts on thematic areas to provide guidance to the delegates as they deliberated on the reforms.
Q: What is generally being proposed in the reforms?
A : There are many proposals that have been thrown into the discussion domain. However, from the national conference, delegates grouped the reform areas into four so that proper attention and analysis is given to every suggestion. The first group is proposals around the electoral systems like whether we should move from First- Past-The-Post [FPTP] to proportional representation. The other thematic area is focusing on the legal frame work which will encompass all reforms to do with amendment or introduction of electoral laws.
Election management is a third theme that will focus mostly on the administrative and operational side of elections like appointment of commissioners, migration to biometric registration system, participation of women in elections among others. Civic and voter education has also been put as a theme considering its crucial role in building an informed electorate that can participate in elections.
A technical working group has been formed under each theme. This group will review the proposed reforms, conduct further consultations and research before coming up with position papers on the proposals. Membership of the technical working groups is based on expertise and experience so that they can contribute effectively to the process.
Q: How have the views of stakeholders, especially the public, been incorporated in the process?
A: The commission did consultations with all stakeholders at council level across the country. The consultations by Mesn served the same purpose. That aside, talk of electoral reforms has been ongoing in the run-up to the elections and such issues when they arose they were being captured and documented. Even at the moment it is not a closed door, organisations and individuals are free to give their suggestions to MEC or Mesn which are the co-chairpersons of the national task force. The technical working groups will also further solicit views where it is deemed necessary in the process.
Q: Who is involved in the process?
A : The task force has drawn membership of all crucial stakeholders in the process and at the moment members include the MEC, Mesn, Public Affairs Committee [PAC], Centre for Multiparty Democracy [CMD], National Initiative for Civic Education (Nice), NGO Gender Coordination Network [NGO GCN], Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, Malawi Law Commission, Malawi Human Rights Commission, Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development, United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] and the National Democratic Institute [NDI]. This is not exhaustive of all stakeholders, but it is a representative composition. Some stakeholders not in the task force have been engaged through the technical working groups.
Q: When will the process be finished?
A : With the electoral cycle adopted by the commission to elections management, it will be ideal if the reforms come into effect as soon as possible. This will give the Commission ample time to prepare for the 2019 elections. At the moment, we have just constituted the technical working groups and the experts’ reference group. The technical working groups will need to meet to reflect on the proposals and develop positions which will have to be bounced with the expert reference group. When all is done, the task force shall convene a national conference where the proposed positions shall be presented and delegates shall endorse.
Q: In some situations, organisations start reforms and then dump them with the government agencies for implementation. Since such agencies were not involved, the reforms just pile dust; will it not be the same with these reforms?
A: The task force has made it a point to engage the relevant government departments at the inception so that they are active players in the process unlike just being spectators. For example, the Ministry of Justice has dedicated one of its legal officers who will be participating in the activities of the task force which means the task force will be able to benefit from expert advice now and when the time comes to implement the reforms into law, there shall be no technical errors discovered.
Q: Your last words to all electoral stakeholders on the reforms process?
A: The reforms are for the perfection and improvement of the electoral management in the country. The task force is doing everything within its mandate and ability, but success of the process will require support from all stakeholders. If approached to help in one way or another, we expect that our stakeholders will render a supporting hand. | https://www.mwnation.com/reforms-are-for-perfection-and-improvement/ |
Are you allowed to ski while pregnant?
There’s no one rule that applies to everyone, so as long as you feel comfortable with it, you can ski when you’re pregnant. But the NHS does recommend taking caution – especially if you’re between four and 13 weeks, when the baby is really developing. The main risk is if you fall over or someone else skis into you.
Can you ski at 20 weeks pregnant?
Skiing or snowboarding during pregnancy is typically not recommended, but that doesn’t mean it isn’t right for you. The most important thing is to consult with your doctor before starting any exercise routine during pregnancy, especially one that carries some risks.
What activities should be avoided during pregnancy?
What kinds of activities aren’t safe during pregnancy?
- Any activity that has a lot of jerky, bouncing movements that may cause you to fall, like horseback riding, downhill skiing, off-road cycling, gymnastics or skating.
- Any sport in which you may be hit in the belly, such as ice hockey, boxing, soccer or basketball.
Is it safe to cross country ski while pregnant?
The simple answer is that yes, provided you have the approval of your doctor, you are able to enjoy XC skiing during early pregnancy.
Can you ski 8 weeks pregnant?
The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists advises that all exercise is fine in early pregnancy except for surfing, skiing and horse riding (due to the risk of falling/trauma to the abdomen), so you’ll have to make your own judgement call on your skiing capabilities and the risks associated with injuring …
Can you water ski in your first trimester?
Although swimming is a water sport, not all water sports are safe during pregnancy. You should avoid other water activities such as scuba diving or water skiing.
How does your skin change during pregnancy?
Pregnancy can cause a number of changes in your skin, thanks to shifts in your hormones and blood flow. For example: Pigmentation changes. The area around your nipples and the skin on your inner thighs, genitals and neck might darken, possibly due to hormonal changes.
How is first trimester of pregnancy?
A pregnancy is divided into trimesters: the first trimester is from week 1 to the end of week 12. the second trimester is from week 13 to the end of week 26. the third trimester is from week 27 to the end of the pregnancy.
Can I lift weights while pregnant?
Yes, if you stay within certain limits and your healthcare provider gives you the go-ahead. Weight training is a great way to stay fit during pregnancy, and it provides benefits after childbirth as well.
Can bumpy roads cause miscarriage?
You should not climb stairs in the first three months of pregnancy – False! Travelling in an autorickshaw or on bumpy roads can lead to a miscarriage – Not true! You should avoid intercourse in the first three months because it may lead to a miscarriage – Not true. | https://cokerschampagnetaste.com/newborn/is-skiing-safe-while-pregnant.html |
Epilepsy is characterized as a disorder of central nervous system. Healthcare providers define epilepsy as a neurological disorder which promotes disturbances in the activity of nerve cells, resulting in the seizures. Some people develop epilepsy symptoms, such as anomalous behaviour, sensations and even loss of consciousness. Almost 1 out of every 100 people in United States experience at least 1 unprovoked episode of seizure during their entire lifetime. Nonetheless a single seizure alone doesn’t imply that you have epilepsy. For the diagnosis of epilepsy, you must have at least 2 unprovoked seizures. Regardless of the intensity or frequency of seizure episodes, it is highly recommended to seek immediate medical help to prevent life-threatening consequences.
Causes of Epilepsy
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Cause
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Description
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Developmental Disorders
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Disorders like neurofibromatosis and autism may contribute to epilepsy.
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Prenatal Injury
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Before childbirth, any condition that increases the risk of brain damage such as maternal infections, oxygen deficiency, placental defects, or poor nutrition can lead to epilepsy.
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Genetic Influence
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Latest research indicates that epilepsy may have genetic predisposition; for example some people are genetically susceptible to develop certain type of epilepsy. Likewise, others are vulnerable to certain environmental triggers because of faulty genes.
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Infectious Diseases
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Certain infectious diseases such as viral encephalitis, AIDS and meningitis can also increase the risk of developing epilepsy.
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Head Trauma
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Epilepsy may occur after traumatic brain injury like a car accident.
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Brain Conditions
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Epilepsy may also be brought about by the damage to vital brain structures caused by brain strokes or tumors.
Epilepsy Symptoms
Most epilepsy symptoms are the result of uncontrolled activity of brain cells. The signs and symptoms of seizures include:
- Loss of awareness or consciousness
- Uncontrolled jerking movements of legs and arms
- A staring spell
- Temporary confusion
Epilepsy Symptoms differ from various types of seizure. Most people develop similar episodes of epilepsy (in terms of duration, frequency and key features) that indicates a localized area of brain involvement.
When to See a Doctor
You must consult your doctor immediately if:
- You got yourself injured during the seizure.
- It takes you more time than it normally does to recover from seizure.
- The seizure gets more severe and frequent.
- A second seizure strikes back right after the first one.
- You are pregnant.
- You have diabetes.
- You feel a sudden numbness or headache or weakness in single side of the body or you feel issues with the speech or vision prior to the seizure. These epilepsy symptoms could be related to a stroke.
How to Live With Epilepsy
Remember: you can still have a normal life even with epilepsy. It is indeed a bad thing to get the disease, however, when you do, you can still enjoy your life like many other athletes, authors, politicians and artists. The epilepsy cannot prevent you from having fun both in life and at work as long as you follow your doctors’ advice to protect yourself with safety precautions.
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Tips
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Description
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Live Independently
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If you are suffering from epilepsy, it is better to utilize public transportation. Individuals who are not allowed to drive may consider the option of relocating to cities with good public transportation.
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Stay Calm,
Stay Positive
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Avoid the negative remarks and reactions you might receive from people around you. It will assist in learning more thoroughly about epilepsy. Keep yourself up to date with latest researches and scientific developments to ensure normal life. Maintain your sense of humor and keep yourself happy.
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Keep Enough Sleep
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Seizure may be triggered by the lack of sleep. Therefore it is of great significance to maintain a functional sleeping timetable.
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Take Medication Correctly
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Keep up with your medical regimen. If you think the medications need to be changed or that they are not working out, make sure to talk to your doctor on follow-up visits.
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Exercise
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Exercise is helpful at alleviating depression and building up your body. However, make sure to avoid strenuous physical activity and drink enough water.
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Keep Others Informed
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Be sure to let your co-workers, friends and family know about what they should do in case you have seizures and the signs to call for medical help if needed.
How to React When Others Have Epilepsy
If you come across someone with an active epileptic seizure or other epilepsy symptoms, you must know how to offer help. Follow the rules below:
1. Assess: Instead of panicking, assess the surrounding and the person who is in seizure. Make sure they are in no impending danger of hurting themselves and remove sharp, pointed objects from the surrounding.
2. Cushion: Elevate the head to prevent head injury and minimize choking hazard.
3. Time: An ordinary episode of seizure usually lasts for a few minutes; however, if it lasts more than 5 minutes, call medical help immediately.
4. Identity: It is very important to identify if the person is a known epileptic and take medications for treatment. You can also have the medications ready as soon as the paramedics arrive.
5. Over: Once the seizure episode is over, stay with the person and provide reassurance and support.
Here is a video that may help in explaining how to approach epileptic seizure: | http://www.healthcare-online.org/Epilepsy.html |
Osteoporosis can lead to immobility, which means you may not be able to move as freely as you did before. Walking seems so simple—until you’re not able to do it easily. But, there’s good news: If osteoporosis has slowed you down, you can regain your mobility and independence.
Can osteoporosis cripple you?
Osteoporosis itself isn’t painful. But when the condition is severe, it can lead to fractures and other painful problems.
How far can I walk with osteoporosis?
Weight-bearing Exercise for Osteoporosis
Walking as little as three to five miles a week can help build your bone health. For general health, most experts recommend that everyone get at least half an hour of moderate to vigorous exercise five times a week. Forty-five minutes to an hour is even better.
What does osteoporosis stop you from doing?
Treating osteoporosis means stopping the bone loss and rebuilding bone to prevent breaks. Healthy lifestyle choices such as proper diet, exercise, and medications can help prevent further bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures. But, lifestyle changes may not be enough if you have lost a lot of bone density.
Can osteoporosis make you paralyzed?
Damage to the spinal cord can result in paralysis or death. Injury to the spinal cord at the level of the thoracic and lumbar spine can lead to temporary or permanent paralysis of the entire body below the point of injury.
What organs are affected by osteoporosis?
Osteoporotic bone breaks are most likely to occur in the hip, spine or wrist, but other bones can break too. In addition to causing permanent pain, osteoporosis causes some patients to lose height. When osteoporosis affects vertebrae, or the bones of the spine, it often leads to a stooped or hunched posture.
Is sitting bad for osteoporosis?
“If you have low bone density, however, and you put a lot of force or pressure into the front of the spine — such as in a sit-up or toe touch — it increases your risk of a compression fracture.” Once you have one compression fracture, it can trigger a “cascade of fractures” in the spine, says Kemmis.
Are bananas good for osteoporosis?
As all these nutrients play an essential role for your health, they also improve your bone density. Eat pineapple, strawberries, oranges, apples, bananas and guavas. All these fruits are loaded with vitamin C, which in turn, strengthen your bones.
Can osteoporosis be reversed without drugs?
You cannot reverse bone loss on your own without medications, but there are many lifestyle modifications you can make to stop more bone loss from occurring.
Will osteoporosis shorten my life?
The residual life expectancy of a 50-year-old man beginning osteoporosis treatment was estimated to be 18.2 years and that of a 75-year-old man was 7.5 years. Estimates in women were 26.4 years and 13.5 years, respectively.
What happens if you don’t take medication for osteoporosis?
You may be able to lower your risk of fractures enough without taking medicines. Or you may feel your risk of fractures is already low enough and medicines aren’t worth taking. You avoid the possible side effects and cost of bisphosphonates. Most of these healthy habits are good for your body for other reasons, too.
What exercises are bad for osteoporosis?
Activities such as jumping, running or jogging can lead to fractures in weakened bones. Avoid jerky, rapid movements in general. Choose exercises with slow, controlled movements.
Why are paralyzed legs skinny?
Weight loss after spinal cord injury is primarily caused by decreased physical activity leading to muscle atrophy. Because SCIs can cause loss of motor control and sensation below the level of injury, individuals may not be able to move around as frequently as they did before their injury.
What does tetraplegic mean?
Tetraplegia (sometimes referred to as quadriplegia) is a term used to describe the inability to voluntarily move the upper and lower parts of the body. The areas of impaired mobility usually include the fingers, hands, arms, chest, legs, feet and toes and may or may not include the head, neck, and shoulders. | https://createoandp.com/orthopedy/can-osteoporosis-stop-you-from-walking.html |
➦Do exercise to strengthen abdominal and hip extensors, and stretch the hip flexors and lumbar muscles if they are tight.
➦Avoid hazardous exercise.
➦Do regular physical activity for the entire body, such as walking, jogging, swimming, and bicycling.
➦Warm up before engaging in strenuous activity.
➦Get adequate rest and sleep. Avoid pushing yourself mentally or physically to the point of exhaustion.
➦Sleep on a firm mattress or place a ¾ - inch-thick ply-wood board under the mattress.
➦Avoid sudden, jerky back movements, especially twisting.
➦Avoid obesity. The smaller the waistline, the lesser the strain on the lower back.
➦Use appropriate back and seat supports when sitting for long periods.
➦Maintain good posture when carrying heavy loads; don’t lean forward, sideways, or backward.
➦Adjust sports equipment to permit good posture; for example, adjust bicycle seat and handle bars to permit good body alignment.
➦When you have a neck ache, lie down; apply heat or ice; massage the neck, and shoulders; and stretch the neck muscles.
➦Avoid long periods of sitting at a desk or driving; take frequent breaks and adjust the seat and headrest for maximum support.
➦To avoid injury, use safe sports equipment and techniques (e.g., proper helmet and cervical collar, if indicated); look before you dive in water. | https://www.healthguide911.com/2017/01/how-to-prevent-back-pain-and-neck-ache.html |
CONTROL KEY TO SAFE EXERCISING
Lee Ann Broussard, a health club aerobics coordinator and an independent personal trainer, offers these simple guidelines for safe exercise techniques:
* Avoid momentum, or uncontrolled movements. When toning and strengthening exercises are performed, it is very important to move with good muscle control. Swinging weights or flailing body parts to complete an exercise increases your chance of injury by reducing your control of the movement. Using momentum not only increases one's risk of muscle strains and tears, but also can significantly reduce the benefits from exercise.
* Keep knees slightly bent. When doing any weight-bearing activity, it is important to always keep a slight flex in the knee joints. Locking your legs puts added stress on the knees, lower back, hips and other areas of the body. For example, when lifting a barbell in a standing biceps curl, a locked-knee position creates immediate stress on the lower back. | https://www.dailypress.com/news/dp-xpm-19950104-1995-01-04-9501040169-story.html |
- T.R.
Baby Steps
To begin this post, I would first like to apologize for my radio silence over the last month-and-a-half. You see, my wife and I just welcomed our first child into the world, and she has taken up a greater majority of my free moments with her feeding schedule and diaper changes and whatnot.
In all actuality, though, it's those "whatnots" that are the most captivating parts of being a new parent. Or at least, that's how it feels for me.
Just the other day, during the long weekend, I sat with my daughter on the couch and leaned down to *boop* noses with her, and do you know what she did?
She smiled. AT me.
Sure, she had smiled many times since entering the world, but I had yet to see one that was not directly related to some escaping gas or a satisfying feeding. And here she was, smiling up at me as I leaned down making ridiculous noises and tickling her baby belly.
Sometimes, I will place her down in front of me and just watch her as she kicks and moves her arms about in that flailing, let's-see-what-this-thing-does jerky movement of a newborn. Every little kick or punch (her little fists are tiny but surprisingly forceful if she catches you off guard) is a new movement to her, a new exercise that her tiny body undergoes as it develops and grows. It is not lost on me that these little, uncontrolled movements are forming the basis for her eventual ability to sit up. To crawl. To walk. To run.
As I reflect on the needs of Roswell Theatre Company, it strikes me that there is a strange resemblance between our program and a newborn child. They are both growing at an alarming rate, and we see that the foundational movements have formed a sturdy basis for further progress.
Of course, I am not trying to insinuate that RTC is only a few weeks old - far from it! I would venture so far as to say that we are up and moving around on our own power with quite some ease, ready to get into mischief and open all the cabinet doors. But at the end of the day, isn't it worth it to go back through the photo album and think about those first, jerking movements that started it all? Aren't we capable of looking back through the lens of time and identifying the important milestones in our development? Shouldn't we marvel in how far we have already come in the anticipation of what more will follow?
I certainly think so. And I look forward to continuing the development of the foundation I've been gifted. | https://www.roswelltheatrecompany.com/post/baby-steps |
To offer some insight into what it is to experience a movement disorder, consider an event that we’ve all experienced at some point: in the twilight stages of sleep, just as we’re dozing off, our body twitches. Another analogy would involve muscle cramps or spasms. Many movement disorders involve excessive muscle tone, also known as spasticity or hypertonia, that can lead to spasms. Now imagine your entire body or some extremity experiencing similar episodes of muscle spasms, involuntary movement or spasticity for an extended duration, and there was nothing you could do to stop it!
- Chronic and severe arching of the back, also called posturing
- Uncontrollable twitching, tics, or muscle spasms
- Flailing or scissoring of extremities. A movement disorder may be limited to one part of the body or may impact all extremities
- Jerky or vibrating movements
- Screaming in pain from possible muscle spasms brought on by the possible extreme muscle tone or spasticity
- A child may curl their toes as a result of muscle spasms associated with the movement disorder
What Parents Need to Know
Most parents of children who develop cerebral palsy leave the hospital with an initial diagnosis of some type of brain injury, although the extent of the damage is unknown. Other parents may be sent home with a vague concern about low Apgar scores and little else. Symptoms such as lack of suck and lethargy may send them frustrated and worried back to the pediatrician again and again. Eventually, failure to meet development milestones will lead to a diagnosis of cerebral palsy. Most all children with cerebral palsy are diagnosed by age 3.
Diagnosis of a movement disorder within cerebral palsy can follow the same frustrating path. Because of a number of factors, movement disorders are often misdiagnosed.
- Seizures, for example, occur in 30-50% of children with cerebral palsy. In some cases, severe movement disorders can mimic the same exaggerated muscular involvement as a seizure, with similar posturing, spasticity, and uncontrollable movements. An infant or a non-verbal child will be unable to communicate what they are feeling or experiencing during these episodes, making it extremely difficult for a health care provider to diagnose the condition.
- The same spastic or uncontrollable movements can also be triggered by such things as earaches, acid reflux, and certain medications, all of which will need to be treated and ruled out. Even an attempt by a person with cerebral palsy to control a movement can trigger the types of spasms seen in a movement disorder.
For these reasons, a non-verbal child with a movement disorder can go undiagnosed for years. It’s common for physicians with no experience in the special needs or movement disorders population to misdiagnose a movement disorder as a seizure. In the instance of severe movement disorders such as dystonia, it usually takes a neurologist or developmental pediatrician who specializes in special needs children to make the diagnosis. An EEG or extended EEG with video would be helpful in reaching a diagnosis of movement disorder. It can confirm or rule out seizure activity in relation to the behavior. To ensure the best environment for your child, follow these steps:
- Keep a detailed journal of when and how often the abnormal movements occur
- Note how long the behavior lasted
- Note as many details of the behavior as possible, such as what limbs were involved and the severity of the abnormal movements. Were they extreme and violent or mild? Were the movements jerky, or did they resemble tremors? Did your child appear to experience pain with the abnormal movements? Write down anything and everything that will provide as much information as possible for your child’s physician. You want to attempt to paint a picture for the physician using words. Be as descriptive as possible.
- If possible, videotape the episode. This will provide your health care provider with a clear picture of what your child is experiencing.
- Use a neurologist or pediatrician who specializes in children with special needs.
- Request an order for an EEG to rule out seizure disorders.
- Stay on top of the latest information. Aggressive research is being conducted throughout the world involving the treatment and prevention of movement disorders
- Be persistent. Movement disorders can be managed with a team approach and the right medications. Some movement disorders, left untreated can severely compromise a child’s quality of life and negatively impact a child’s development.
Misconceptions
It’s a common stereotype and misconception that prompts people with no knowledge of cerebral palsy or movement disorders to associate movement disorders with cognitive impairment or learning disabilities. Depending on the severity and nature of the cerebral injury, not all individuals with movement disorders are developmentally delayed.
Types of Movement Disorders
Movement disorders many times involve either excessive or reduced levels of muscle tone and can include a variety of involuntary gross motor movements
- Hyperkinetic — Means excessive tone. Also known as spasticity or hypertonia
- Bradykinetic — Indicates reduced tone or activity, and is often referred to as hypotonia
- Clonus — A common movement disorder associated with cerebral palsy. Clonus involves a series of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxation of skeletal muscles.
- Dyskinesia — Involves a variety of abnormal involuntary movements, classified as Tremors, Chorea and Ballism, Myoclonus, Tics, and Dystonias.
- Myoclonus — There are many forms of myoclonus. It is characterized by rapid, muscular jerking movements and can be triggered by attempts at coordinated movement.
- Chorea — A state of excessive, spontaneous movements, irregularly timed, non-repetitive, randomly distributed and abrupt in character. It may vary in severity from restlessness with mild intermittent exaggeration of gesture and expression to a continuous flow of disabling, violent movements.
- Dystonia — A movement disorder that causes sustained muscle contractions and can result in abnormal involuntary muscle movements in the form of twisting, repetitive movements or posturing.
Medications and Treatments
- Benzodiazepines — A class of medications that act upon the central nervous system to reduce communication between certain neurons, lowering the level of activity in the brain. Benzodiazepines are muscle relaxants such as diazepam, oral baclofen, and dantrolene and are frequently the first line of treatment in managing movement disorders.
- Spinal Cord Stimulation — Developed in the 1980s to treat spinal cord injury and other neurological conditions involving motor neurons, this procedure involves an implanted electrode which selectively stimulates nerves at the base of the spinal cord to inhibit and decrease nerve activity. The effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of cerebral palsy has yet to be proven in clinical studies. It is considered only when other conservative or surgical treatments have been unsuccessful at relaxing muscles or relieving pain.
Surgical Intervention
- Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy (SDR) — A surgical procedure recommended only for cases of severe spasticity when all of the more conservative treatments have proven ineffective. In this procedure, surgeons locate and selectively severe over activated nerves at the base of the spinal cord.
- Intrathecal Baclofen — Approved by the FDA in 1996 for treatment of cerebral palsy, this therapy is becoming the common choice of treatment in movement disorders that do not respond well to other forms of treatment. This form of therapy uses an implanted pump device to deliver baclofen (muscle relaxant) into the intrathecal space of the spinal cord. Inthrathecal Baclofen is most appropriate for children with chronic, severe hypertonia and uncontrolled movement disorders throughout the body.
Research and Progress
There is aggressive research being conducted throughout the world involving the treatment and prevention of Movement Disorders. Much progress has been made as evidenced by multiple children diagnosed with cerebral palsy, who without the benefits of Intrathecal Baclofen, would be living of a life of chronic muscle spasms and dystonic posturing, as a result, severe cerebral injury and subsequent neuromuscular involvement. | https://cpfamilynetwork.org/what-is-cerebral-palsy/types-of-cerebral-palsy/cerebral-palsy-movement-disorders-often-misdiagnosed/ |
Chorea Signs and Symptoms - Chorea is involuntary movement of muscles caused by dopamine present in the brain. Some symptoms observed in people with the disease are given in here.
Chorea an abnormal movement disorder caused due to the hyperactivity of a neurotransmitter called dopamine in the brain. Following are some of the telling signs and symptoms of chorea.
- Chorea causes irregular, uncontrolled, involuntary, and jerky movements which can alternate randomly from one part of the body to another. The involuntary movements can vary in severity form mild (mild intermittent exaggeration of gesture and expression and fidgeting movements of the hands) to severe (continuous flow of disabling and violent movements). In mild forms chorea may appear as semi-purposeful movement which can be difficult to distinguish from restless or fidgety behaviour. However, in the severe form, the involuntary movements of the arms or legs can lead to throwing whatever is in the hand or falling to the ground.
- Chorea can affect the both the proximal and distal muscles. The tone of the muscles is normal in most patients but in some patients the tone can be decreased (hypotonia). Patients with chorea are unable to maintain a sustained posture such as if they are asked to grip an object, they alternately squeeze and release it ("milkmaid's grip") or when they protrude the tongue, it often pops in and out of the mouth.
- Other symptoms seen in a person with chorea may vary depending on the cause. A person with Sydenham’s chorea (a symptom of rheumatic fever) can have swelling, pain, warmth, and tenderness around one or more joints. Arthritis and fever are the commonest symptoms in a person with acute rheumatic fever. In Huntington's disease, besides chorea, psychological disturbances and personality change such as apathy, social withdrawal, and agitation may also be present. Cognitive changes (loss of recent memory and impaired judgment) and mental decline become evident as the disease progresses.
These are some of the symptoms observed in people with chorea. If you have abnormal involuntary movements consult your doctor. He can inform you regarding the cause, treatment and prognosis.
Read more articles on Chorea
All possible measures have been taken to ensure accuracy, reliability, timeliness and authenticity of the information; however Onlymyhealth.com does not take any liability for the same. Using any information provided by the website is solely at the viewers’ discretion. In case of any medical exigencies/ persistent health issues, we advise you to seek a qualified medical practitioner before putting to use any advice/tips given by our team or any third party in form of answers/comments on the above mentioned website. | https://m.onlymyhealth.com/what-symptoms-chorea-1313051359 |
According to guidelines from the American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecologists, women who exercise during pregnancy are advised to “avoid high heat and humidity to protect against heat stress.” The reason is to avoid any conditions that would raise a pregnant woman’s core temperature above 102.2 degrees Fahrenheit— …
What temperature is too hot for pregnant?
Medical research shows that overheating during pregnancy can put your baby at risk. Health guidelines advise that getting your core body temperature at or over 102°F (39°C) can be too hot for your little one (and for you, too!).
Can the heat affect my unborn baby?
If the mother’s temperature exceeds 102 degrees it can affect fetal growth and sometimes cause cleft palate. Dehydration and increased body temperature can affect the level of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. The fluid permits the baby to move around freely and maneuver within the womb.
Can getting too hot cause miscarriage?
If your body temperature goes above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 10 minutes, the elevated heat can cause problems with the fetus. Overheating in the first trimester can lead to neural tube defects and miscarriage.
Can I sit in the sun when pregnant?
The answer is yes, you can sunbathe during pregnancy! Exposure to the sun is very important for our body, because the sun helps us to synthesize vitamin D, which is essential for a healthy development of the baby and useful for strengthening the bones of the mother.
Can too much heat cause labor?
Research finds a surprising link between warmer temperatures and early-term labor. Learn how to keep cool and safe this spring and summer. Pay attention to the Weather Channel. Too much heat could result in an early delivery, suggests a 2014 study in the journal Epidemiology.
Why two pregnant ladies should not stay together?
It can cause an increased risk of miscarriage, premature separation of placenta, premature birth and a low birth weight baby. There is also a long-term relationship with decreased intellectual development of the infant and increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (cot death).
What physical things should you not do while pregnant?
Pregnant women should try to avoid exercise that involves:
- bouncing, leaping, and jumping.
- sudden changes in direction.
- jarring or jerky movements.
- abdominal exercises on the back, such as situps, after the first trimester.
Which of the following should a pregnant woman avoid during exercise?
Jumping, bouncing and sudden, jerky motions are best avoided (although otherwise aerobic activity is perfectly safe so as long as you’re comfortable and can easily keep your balance). Excessive or bouncy stretching.
How can I tan my back while pregnant?
You just need to be smart about sunbathing while pregnant! If you still aren’t keen to risk it in the sun but want that tan, stick to self-tanning products. On the days that you do soak up the sun, always apply an ample amount of Mineral Sunscreen Lotion and drink a lot of water to stay hydrated.
Can you lay on your stomach while pregnant?
Sleeping on your stomach is fine in early pregnancy—but sooner or later you’ll have to turn over. Generally, sleeping on your stomach is OK until the belly is growing, which is between 16 and 18 weeks. Once your bump starts to show, stomach sleeping gets pretty uncomfortable for most women.
Can I lay on my back while pregnant?
Side sleeping is recommended during pregnancy, because it provides the best circulation for you and your baby. You can sleep on your back in the beginning of pregnancy, but as your pregnancy progresses, back sleeping can cause problems. | https://aprilandoctober.com/maternity/is-it-safe-to-walk-in-the-heat-while-pregnant.html |
Blinking is an involuntary reflex that occurs bilaterally up to 20 times a minute. Rapid, infrequent, or asymmetrical blinking is abnormal. The role that healthy functional eyes play in our lives is very difficult to define because it is so deeply personal and intimate. There are plenty of reasons which lead to an uncontrollable blinking of eyes, it can be due to some eye irritants, dry eyes, dust particles, allergies, infections. Emotional imbalances like excessive happiness, fear, anxiety, stress, fatigue, etc can lead to uncontrolled blinking of eyes. It is quite natural and occurs in each and everyone’s life at one or another point. When excessive blinking of eyes interferes with daily life activities and vision, it should be regarded as a problem and medical advice ought to be sought. Neurological factors ie, the problem with nerves that controls eyelid movements too can cause abnormal blink reflex of eyes. When abnormalities of the brain and nervous system are involved in the uncontrolled blink reflex of the eyes, it will be often associated with other signs and symptoms also.
Incidence rate
Uncontrolled blinking occurs both in adults and children. It is quite commonly seen in children than in adults. The incidence of uncontrolled blink reflex is higher in boys than girls.
What are the causes of excessive blinking of eyes?
The most common cause of uncontrolled blinking of the eye is due to dry eye syndrome. This is the way in which the eyes are telling you that they are thirsty. They need some more tears because with every blink, a new consignment of tears flows into your eyes and it nourishes the cornea. Does the cornea need nourishment by tears? Yes, it does need nourishment only
by tears because the cornea does not have any blood supply. Well, my friends, didn’t you always think that only when you cry, tears roll down? No. There is always a layer of tears in the eye which nourishes the cornea and whatever reason it might be, which causes a depletion of the tear film, your eyes need to blink again and again to see that your cornea gets nourished, because the cornea of the eye is the most important structure of the eye and a very important role it plays to give you clear vision. This being said, I would like to now say that there are other causes also of recurrent blinking of the eyes, for example, any allergy of the eyes or any irritant entering into your eyes because this is the only way in which the eye can get that out.
Physical factors
- Exposure to dust particles
- Dry eye syndrome
- Foreign particles in eyes
- Sudden exposure to bright light
- Fatigue and tiredness
- Foreign particles over the surface of the eyes
- Chemical splash into eyes
- Allergic eye disease (conjunctivitis)
- Injury or abrasion to eyelids
- Reading for a long time
- Using computer and television screen for a long time strains eyes
Refractive disorders
- Myopia –nearsightedness
- Hyperopia-farsightedness
Movement disorder
- Blepharospasm- A disease causing rapid involuntary blinking due to abnormal nervous stimulation.
- Meige syndrome- A neurological condition that involves contractions of muscles of jaw, tongue along with blepharospasm.
Psychological factors
- Stress
- Anxiety
- Fear
Neurological factors
- Wilson’s disease- A rare inherited disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the body without allowing its elimination. It leads to involuntary muscle movements.
- Multiple sclerosis- A potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord
- Tourette syndrome- A disorder that involves repetitive movements. When muscle movement is around the eyes it causes excessive blinking of the eyes
- Seizures- Absence seizure or petit mal seizure is a type of seizure that causes a brief change in the state of consciousness and staring. Posture will be maintained well with mouth or face twitches or eyes may blink rapidly.
Tic disorder
- Sudden repetitive blinking of eyes is formed by a habit called a tic. Tics are formed by habits for eg, some people when they are stressed or anxious they blink their eyes repeatedly, and later on, it becomes a habit for them. Whenever they feel stressed or anxious they begin to blink their eyes, which has become a habit for them, formed by them.
Cause of excessive blinking of eyes among children
Parents get really worried when children complain that they are blinking very often. When an ophthalmologist does a thorough eye check-up they might not find any reason for their excessive blinking, then the commonest reason would be attention-seeking behavior. This child is feeling neglected. And he or she wants the attention of their parent. Well, then we need to talk about a deep psychological problem for which a counselor has to be enrolled. For some children who have a refractive error, that means they need to wear spectacles to see clearly, they come to consult an ophthalmologist with the complaint of excessive blinking. So when an eye examination of such children is done, it is found that they might need to wear glass, and soon as the correct refractive correction is made, in the form of spectacles, the blinking disappears.
How to find out why my eyes blink this way?
There are various methods to diagnose the exact cause of excessive blinking of eyes….
✓ A complete history collection which includes chief complaints, present and past medical and surgical history along with detailed family history and history of eye-related problems among family members and grandparents would be collected by the eye specialist.
✓ Questions would be asked about the blinking reflex of the eyes and its association with pain, discomfort, visual changes, swelling, redness, or drainage from the eye.
✓ Questions would also be asked about the time of the day and the season of the year during which manifestation occurs as well as about the sensitivity to light
Physical examination of eyes includes
➢ Assessment of external eye structures using inspection and palpation, extraocular movements, visual acuity, and visual fields.
➢ An eye specialist also will observe the client’s body structure and features for obvious deformities and age factors. For instance, a client with abnormal gait or deformities with arthritis may be a clue for the diagnosis of an associated eye disorder of dry eye syndrome in a client who reports excessive blinking of eyes, burning sensation, itching, etc.
➢ An ophthalmologist or an optometrist inspects and palpates the external eye structures while the client sits at the eye level (eyebrows, eyelashes, eyelids, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctiva, sclera, pupils, irises, etc)
➢ The corneal reflex is assessed to identify the function of the fifth cranial nerve which will provide an idea about the blinking response, which indicates the intactness of nerve function.
➢ Corneal light reflex test to determine eye alignment
➢ Cover-uncover test which assesses eye muscle function and confirms abnormal findings of strabismus.
➢ Visual acuity testing is done to rule out visual disturbances, refractive errors, and pathological processes.
➢ A slit lamp microscope is used to examine the anterior segment of the eye under magnification. Details of eyelid margins, lashes, conjunctiva, tear film, cornea, etc can be studied
What are the treatment options for uncontrollable blinking of eyes?
After conducting an in-depth assessment the eye specialist would be able to identify the exact cause of excessive blinking of eyes and the management will be based on the findings.
Treat the physical factors that lead to excessive blinking of eyes
❖ Treat dry eye syndrome with artificial tears (eye drops and lubricants), airtight goggles used at night to prevent tear evaporation. Estrogen replacement therapy in
some postmenopausal women have found some relief. In severe cases, surgery can be used to open lacrimal ducts or repair lid problems, and thus, excessive blinking of eyes as a result of dry eye syndrome subsides.
❖ Remove foreign particles, chemicals in the eyes that causes excessive blink reflex.
❖ Treat allergic eye diseases, injuries, etc with the consultation of an ophthalmologist.
❖ Avoid excessive straining of eyes with the use of television and computer screens
Treat refractive disorders to relieve uncontrolled blinking of eyes
❖ Correct refractive errors with corrective eyeglasses or contact lenses. Laser surgery and the use of corneal ring implants are the surgical approaches to correct refractive errors and thus, excessive blinking of eyes if caused by refractive disorders.
Treat movement disorders that lead to excessive blinking of eyes
❖ Blepharospasm and Meige syndrome can be reduced by weakening eye muscles with botox injections. Therefore, excessive blink reflex caused by movement disorder would be reduced.
Treat Psychological factors that lead to excessive blinking of eyes
❖ The paths to recovery from emotional disorder and a return to health are many. Successful treatment will likely involve a variety of strategies. It is important to remember that there is no magic pill to relieve stress, anxiety, fear, etc. consult a psychiatrist, psychotherapist team and give yourself time to consider your options, and try those things that best suit your personality and circumstances. As healing takes place, excessive blinking of eyes caused due to these factors get relieved.
Treat neurological factors that lead to excessive blinking of eyes
❖ Neurological diseases like Wilson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Tourette syndrome, seizures should be treated with the consultation of a neurologist or neurosurgeon. Hence, the symptom of excessive blinking of eyes due to these disease condition subsides.
❖ Seizures- Absence seizure or petit mal seizure is a type of seizure that causes a brief change in the state of consciousness and staring. Posture will be maintained well with mouth or face twitches or eyes may blink rapidly.
Treat Tic disorder that leads to excessive blinking of eyes
❖ Sudden repetitive blinking of eyes formed by a habit sometimes gets relieved by its own. If this persists and hinders activities of daily living psychotherapies with the help of a therapist can be carried out and the disorder can be relieved or its intensity and severity reduced.
At times after doing an in-depth examination also the specialist might not identify the cause of the problem. Most of the time, excessive blinking of eyes subsides by itself and thus needs no treatment.
What can be done to prevent uncontrolled blinking of eyes?
Prevention of uncontrolled blinking of eyes can be done …..
- Avoid direct exposure to dust particles, smoke, and bright light including sunlight. Wear protective glasses or goggles while exposed.
- Do not rub eyes when a foreign particle enters into the eyes, wash hands thoroughly, and wash eyes with clean water.
- Avoid straining eyes too much by watching television and computer screen continuously for a long period.
- When excessive blinking of eyes becomes problematic never hesitate to consult an eye specialist. Rule out the cause of the problem with the consultation of an ophthalmologist and follow the treatment regimen as prescribed.
- Practice eye relaxation techniques
- Practice relaxation techniques like meditation, music therapy, engaging in hobbies, etc to provide relaxation to the body and mind.
- Never try self remedial measures for excessive blinking of eyes and avoid using any eyedrops and medications without the prescription of a physician.
- Periodic regular eye check-ups by consulting an ophthalmologist once a year would be effective in ruling out any eye-related problems and thus can be managed promptly. | https://www.medicaloutline.com/health/why-do-my-eyes-blink-uncontrollably/ |
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