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I live 50m from the ocean with waves crashing on t...
I live 50m from the ocean with waves crashing on t...
CanaryGrow
started grow question 3 years ago
I live 50m from the ocean with waves crashing on the beach, there is quite some humidity in the night, and i am worried about salt when the flowering starts. Should i be worried about it, what can i do?
14 weeks
Yellowstone | Outdoor | First Grow Ever
CanaryGrow
Yellowstone by Kushbrothers
20 comments · 2 years ago
Resolved
Week 9
Techniques. ScrOG
GreenHouseLab
answered grow question 3 years ago
The humidity is out of your control and their is nothing you can do outdoor to control the environmental factors unless you have a greenhouse with a ventilation system. With frequent watering and a good runoff you shouldn't have any issues with salts. I would bring the plants inside whenever you have rain that is expected. Only thing I would recommend is to defoliate to make sure you do not get bud rot and try growing strains that are mold resistant. I wish I had a problem like yours ;)
Selected By The Grower
DILLIGAF
answered grow question 3 years ago
@CanaryGrow Hi mate to be honest I would more worried about residual early morning moisture (dew) settling on the buds than the salt. Consectuative days of humidity and moisture are a nightmare when trying to grow dense
sticky buds as botrytis just loves those conditions.
Is there any way you could Have a fan blowing extra air around them during the nights? Even a battery powered
Fan would be better than nothing Also it's a good habit to physically shake the plants each morning to remove any excess moisture I hope this helps Mate and Best of luck with your coming Harvest.
DissNoof
answered grow question 3 years ago
Hey there, salt will salt the earth making growing difficult, but the closeness of the ocean is totally fine, it's when you get offshore/onshore storms and especially salt storms that's when you should be worried. So only when you start getting bad weather. I see you're growing these in pots, so when the bad weather comes just bring the pots inside for however long you need to be worried. Just maintain the light schedule with any household light and pray that it's over soon. Either that or any kind of green house that's covered. Hope this helps ! :rocket: | https://growdiaries.com/grow-questions/4057-i-live-50m-from-the-ocean-with-waves-crashing-on-the-beach-there-is-quite-some-humidity-in-the-night |
Peanut and tree nut consumption rises with income
A recent linking of ERS’s loss-adjusted food availability data with intake surveys from 1994-2008 reveals that consumers with incomes above 185 percent of the Federal poverty ($21,200 for a family of four in 2008) consistently consumed greater quantities of nuts than consumers with lower incomes, and the gap was higher in more recent years. Nut allergies and consumers’ perceptions about the cost of peanuts and tree nuts may play a role in consumption patterns. In 2007-08, higher income Americans ate 6.7 pounds of peanuts per person per year and 3.7 pounds of tree nuts, compared with the 4.5 pounds of peanuts and 1.4 pounds of tree nuts consumed by lower income consumers. Children consumed more peanuts per person than adults during 1994-98, but since then, adults have consumed more peanuts than children. Adults ate more tree nuts than children did in all survey years, and non-Hispanic Whites consumed more peanuts and tree nuts than non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics. This chart and similar information on 60 other food commodities can be found in the ERS report, U.S. Food Commodity Consumption Broken Down by Demographics, 1994-2008, released on March 30, 2016. | https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/gallery/chart-detail/?chartId=78883 |
Colonial Block Geometric Crochet Rug Pattern
Colonial Squares : This pattern contains directions to crochet the rug shown. The rug has a warm look, crocheted in earth tones in a geometric square block motif, which is surrounded by a wide border. The area rug is small in small in size at 25 x 34-1/2 inches, but perfect at a door or sink or any spot needing a splash of color. Material change for a smaller rug are included. The design is vintage 1951 from American Thread.
Materials:
- AMERICAN THREAD COMPANY "STAR" RUG YARN, ARTICLE 44
- 3-80 yd. Skeins each of Beige, Black, Red, Rust.
- 2-80 yd. Skeins Green.
- Bone Crochet Hook No.6.
Each motif measures about 5 ½ inches. Complete Rug measures about 34 ½ x 25 inches.
This pattern is a PDF downloads. A link will be forwarded to your email address within a couple minutes. | http://todaystreasure.highwire.com/product/colonial-block-geometric-crochet-rug-pattern |
Editor’s Note: Denise is a long-time supporter of InFRE and a fellow Certified Retirement Counselor®. She excels at explaining IRA and employer plan rules and regulations, because not only does she know and understand the regulations, she has extensive practical experience. Here are two articles to help you with common issues that might affect your clients now and in the future. You may find out more about the planning tools she offers here.
Individuals who inherit retirement assets may limit withdrawals to required minimum distribution (RMD) amounts and allow the balance to continue to benefit from tax-deferred growth. However, if the intent is to continue tax-deferral treatment, certain steps must be taken to ensure the desired objective is met.
Beneficiaries may stretch distributions from inherited retirement accounts over their life-expectancies or distribute the amount within five-years, when the retirement account owner dies before the required beginning date (RBD)1. The default option under the regulations is stretching distributions over the beneficiary’s life expectancy. However, some IRA custodians and plan trustees choose the five-year option as their default, and some even go as far as to make that the only option. Under the five-year option, distributions are optional until December 31 of the 5th year that follows the year in which the retirement account owner dies, at which time the entire balance must be withdrawn. But, see below for special rules for spouse beneficiaries.
If you have a client who inherits a retirement account from someone who died before the RBD and the client wants to spread distributions over his or her life expectancy, be sure to check the distributions options under the governing account agreement. If the account agreement limit distributions to the five-year rule, it can overridden by transferring the amount to an IRA that allows distributions to be stretched over the beneficiary’s life expectancy. In order for the override to be effective, the transfer may need to be done by December 31 of the year that follows the year in which the retirement account owner dies. If the client misses this deadline, he or she might not be allowed to stretch distributions beyond five-years.
Example:Jim inherited his 55 year-old uncle’s 401(k) account in 2011. Under the terms of the 401(k) plan document, Jim must distribute the amount under the five-year rule. Under the five-year rule, distributions are optional until December 31, 2016, at which time the entire balance must be withdrawn. However, Jim wants to stretch distributions over his life-expectancy. Jim must rollover the amount to an Inherited IRA that allows him to stretch distributions over his life-expectancy by December 31, 2012. This must be done as a direct-rollover to the Inherited IRA, because a 60-day (indirect) rollover is not allowed for a non-spouse beneficiary. Jim must then take distributions from the Inherited IRA over his life-expectancy.
One of the most harmful mistakes made with inherited retirement accounts occurs when amounts are processed as distributions or withdrawals instead of transfers, or when amounts are transferred to the beneficiaries ‘own’ IRAs instead of Inherited IRAs. To help prevent such mistakes, the transfer should be initiated by the receiving financial institution.
Unless your client is the surviving spouse of the decedent, any amount that is withdrawn from an inherited retirement account cannot be rolled over to another retirement account. Therefore, if the intent is to continue maintaining the amount in a retirement account, steps must be taken to ensure that any movement of assets from the decedent’s account to an Inherited IRA is done as a trustee-to-trustee transfer. In addition, the assets must be transferred to an Inherited IRA that is properly registered in the name of the decedent as well as the name of the beneficiary; clearly showing which of the two is the decedent and who is the beneficiary, and using the beneficiary’s social security number.
Caution: When helping clients to move inherited assets from a qualified plan, such as a pension or 401(k), a 403(b) or a governmental 457(b) plan, ensure that any RMD that is due for the year is withdrawn first, and then rollover the balance. RMD amounts are not rollover eligible and must be withdrawn before the rollover is initiated.
If your client is the surviving spouse of the decedent, he or she can roll over distributions taken from the inherited account, as long as the amount rolled over does not include any RMDs. In such cases, the rollover must be made to the client’s ‘own’ IRA. If your client prefers to keep the assets in an Inherited IRA, any movement between accounts must be done as a trustee-to-trustee transfer to an Inherited IRA.
Distributions from a retirement account are subject to a 10-percent early distribution penalty, unless the account owner qualifies for an exception. One exception is if the distribution is made from an inherited retirement account. If your client inherits a retirement account from his or her spouse while he or she is under age 59½, and plans to make withdrawals from the amount before reaching age 59½, keeping the assets in an Inherited IRA will ensure that the withdrawn amount is not subject to the 10-percent early distribution penalty. The amount can then be rolled over or transferred to your client’s own IRA when he or she reaches age 59½, or will no longer be taking early distributions, if earlier.
The financial benefits of an inherited retirement account can be severely diminished because of mistakes, all of which can be avoided if the proper steps are taken. Encourage clients to contact you before initiating any transfers or rollovers from inherited accounts. Also, ensure that the transaction is initiated on your end, so that you can help to ensure that a trustee-to-trustee transfer or direct rollover is used when necessary.
1 The RBD is April 1 of the year that follows the year in which the account owner reaches age 70½. If the assets are held in a qualified retirement plan, such as a pension, profit sharing or 401(k) plan, a 403(b) plan, or a governmental 457(b) plan, the employer can allow the RBD to be deferred past age 70½ until April 1 of the year that follows the year in which the account owner retires.
With retirement assets totaling $18.2 trillion1, many of your clients will be leaving significant amounts to their beneficiaries. Unfortunately, some of these accounts will be inherited by parties other than those intended by your clients, unless you help them put effective beneficiary designations in place. Here we look at some beneficiary designation mistakes and how they can be prevented.
A few years ago, The New York Post published an article about a couple who had been married for almost 20 years. The husband (Bruce) was unintentionally disinherited from his wife’s (Anne) $900,000 retirement account when she died suddenly from a heart attack. The couple mistakenly believed that the annual statement from the plan administrator, which indicated that there was “no named beneficiary”, was correct. This would mean that Bruce would be the beneficiary by default, so the couple felt it was not necessary to submit new beneficiary forms.
After Anne died, the plan administrator found a beneficiary form that she had completed before she met Bruce, which named her mother, uncle and sister as her beneficiaries. According to the article, Anne’s sister, who, at the time of Anne’s death, was the only surviving beneficiary of the three named, was determined to be the sole beneficiary by the terms of the account agreement. The article goes on to say that Anne’s sister refused to give Bruce any of the funds. The matter was referred to the Supreme Court of New York, which upheld the decision of the plan administrator to treat Anne’s sister as the beneficiary, because her sister was named as beneficiary. This could have been prevented if the beneficiary form had been checked and updated at least once per year.
It is a common misconception that divorce revokes a beneficiary designation, where the former spouse is the named beneficiary.
However, there are numerous cases of former spouses inheriting retirement assets, because the deceased retirement account owner failed to complete new beneficiary forms after the divorce. The fact is, whether divorce revokes a former spouse as beneficiary depends on the type of retirement and, in some cases, state law.
For IRAs, some state laws provide that a divorce revokes a beneficiary designation, where the former spouse was named as the beneficiary. For qualified plans, the terms of the plan document determines whether divorce automatically revokes the beneficiary designation. To avoid any confusion, a new beneficiary form should be completed after a divorce. Even if a retirement account owner wants a former spouse to remain as beneficiary, we recommend completing a new form to make sure that the intent is clear.
The language used in agreements for IRAs and other retirement accounts can override a beneficiary designation provided by the account owner. For instance, a designation naming someone other than (or in addition to) the account owner’s spouse as primary beneficiary could be overridden by terms of the account agreement.This is often the case for qualified plans and for IRAs when the IRA owner lives in a community or marital property state. In such cases, an exception applies if the spouse provides written consent for someone else to be a primary beneficiary of the account. The spousal consent may need to be witnessed by a notary public or plan representative.
A common mistake made by many retirement account owners is to update their wills to reflect changes to the beneficiary designations for their retirement accounts. However, this is an ineffective way to make such changes as the beneficiary form on file with the IRA custodian or retirement plan administrator overrides a will. In the event there is no beneficiary form on file, of if the beneficiary predeceases the retirement account owner, then the terms of the governing agreement determines who inherits the retirement account.
There are several things you can do to prevent something like this from happening to your clients. This include, but is not limited to reviewing beneficiary forms as part of the annual checkup process for your clients, so as to ensure that any needed changes are made in a timely manner. These should be checked and updated again when there is a life-changing event that could necessitate a change in beneficiary designation, such as a marriage, divorce, death of a beneficiary, and/or a new child added to the family.
Ensuring that the right beneficiary is on record is only one of the many steps that should be taken to ensure that your clients’ beneficiary designations meet their distribution and estate planning needs. The end result would not only determine who inherits their retirement account, but could also affect the amount of income and estate taxes paid on the assets, as well as the distribution and estate planning options available to their beneficiaries. You can help your clients by reviewing these agreements, so as to ensure that they are consistent with your clients’ objectives.
See Denise’s must-have, handy tools for retirement professionals at our Retirement Resource Center.
Denise’s wealth of knowledge in retirement plans led to her making appearances on CNBC’s Business News and being quoted in the Wall Street Journal, Investor’s Business Daily, CBS Marketwatch’s Retirement Weekly and other financial publications, where she gave insights on retirement planning. Her expertise and knack of explaining complex retirement plans rules and regulation, so that they are easily understood, created a demand for her to speak at various conferences and seminars around the country. | https://www.retirement-insight.com/two-articles-on-iras-help-clients-avoid-mistakes-with-inherited-retirement-accounts-and-beneficiary-designations/ |
An article published on September 20 of this year by Nature describes the destruction of a city in the Jordan Valley, near the Dead Sea, by a formidable explosion. It seems that this site can be identified with the Biblical city of Sodom.
The Nature article is titled “ A Tunguska-sized airburst destroyed Tall el-Hammam, a Middle Bronze Age city in the Jordan Valley near the Dead Sea.”
Tunguska, Russia, is located in central Siberia. On June 30, 1908, a sound wave with an energy equivalent to 1,000 times the Hiroshima bomb devastated the forest within a radius of 20 km, its damage being felt up to 100 km [62 miles].
Nature's article presents evidence that a prosperous ancient city was instantly destroyed by a cosmic explosion around 1650 BC, which may match the Biblical story of the destruction of Sodom.
The article was written by 21 professionals from different fields, including archaeologists, geologists, geochemists, geo-morphologists, mineralogists, paleobotanists, sedimentologists, cosmic influence experts and physicians.
“It is worth speculating that a remarkable catastrophe, such as the destruction of Tall el-Hammam by a cosmic object, may have generated an oral tradition that…became the source of the written story of Biblical Sodom in Genesis. The description in Genesis of the destruction of an urban center in the Dead Sea area is consistent with having been an eyewitness account of a cosmic airburst.”
Tall el-Hammam is in ruins, but archaeological excavations and studies of its remains have been underway since 2005.
The research results are consistent with the well-known story of the destruction of Sodom, in which the Lord punished the city with fire and brimstone because of the sin of sodomy to which it gave its name.
According to scientists, rocks from the cosmos exploded 1 to 5 kilometers [1-3 miles] from the earth's surface. The temperature at the heart of the explosion reached over 300,000° C [540,032˚F] and quickly melted everything made of ceramic, clay, and plaster. The temperature of the earth's surface at Sodom may have exceeded 1,850° C [3,362˚ F].
After the explosion, a gust of wind of 900 to 1,200 km/h [559-745 mph] swept through the city and destroyed everything in its path. The power of the explosion was 1,000 times that of the Hiroshima bomb.
During the excavations, the researchers unearthed ceramic remains in the sediment, and spheres of molten metals such as platinum, iridium, nickel, gold, silver, zircon, chromite, and quartz, as well as scattered grains of zircon. Human remains were found, showing complete bone fragments and joint dislocations.
Scientists claim that the catastrophe ended a civilization, and considering the location of Tell el-Hammam, its temporal context, and how it was destroyed, some scholars believe it is most likely the biblical city of Sodom.
Steven Collins, the head of the excavation project, supports this idea and explains that due to the geography, the size of the city and its age, the evidence is indisputable and everything corresponds perfectly to the Biblical descriptions.
For example, the city of Tell el-Hammam was suddenly abandoned and has many similarities to Sodom, such as walls 10 meters [32 ft.] high and 5.2 meters [17 ft.] thick, knowing that the city of Sodom is described in the Bible as having high and thick walls because it was on an important trade route. | https://fsspx.news/en/news-events/news/city-identified-sodom-destroyed-cosmic-airburst-69716 |
2 edition of botanical chart of British flowering plants and ferns found in the catalog.
botanical chart of British flowering plants and ferns
F. H. Knapp
Published
1846
by Binns and Goodwin in Bath
.
Written in English
Edition Notes
Pritzel (2nd ed.) 4735.
|Statement||compiled by F. H. Knapp.|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||x, 90p. ;|
|Number of Pages||90|
|ID Numbers|
|Open Library||OL18658443M|
Pratt's magnum opus is The Flowering Plants, Grasses, Sedges, and Ferns of Great Britain and Their Allies the Club Mosses, Pepperworts, and Horsetails, a six-volume project assessing more than species, with illustrations, that was published over a Known for: Botanical Illustration. This manual lists equipment and describes techniques and procedures for collecting, preserving, processing, and storing plant specimens. Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) and lichens require different collection and preservation techniques, and are treated separately from vascular plants (seed plants, ferns, clubmosses and.
Form ~ a minor division in the classification of flowering plants. See Classification of Plants. Froghopper ~ a small animal whose larvae can damage plant tissue. See the Plant Pests Identification Chart. Frond ~ the 'leaf' of a fern. Frost Hardy ~ (plant) a plant that can withstand a winter temperature of at least -5 o C (23 o F). Handbook of the British flora; a description of the flowering plants and ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British Isles. a description of the flowering plants and ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British Isles. This book is available with additional data at Biodiversity Heritage Library.
This is a good choice for a long-flowering plant for a sunny border. It can be considered a “see-though” plant since it has the flowers arranged on airy stems. It loves a dry location, thought, and hot weather is its friend. Geranium maculatum wild geranium Herbaceous perennial Geraniums are a long time favorite for perennial borders I design. A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients and in having life cycles in which the sporophyte is the dominant : Tracheophytes.
role of the gastrointestinal tract in protein metabolism
Objectwindows for C++
Cloth as metaphor
Remarks on Mr. Kellys late speech at the bar of the House of Lords
To the Kings most excellent Maiestie
India and South-East Asia
concise pharmacology of the more important drugs
A short history of our religion
Clement
development of a travel ability assessment scale as a predictor of success in orientation and mobility instruction for trainable mentally retarded individuals in New York City
Gym rats
Maid sama!
A manual for leisure counselling
Plant pathology
The Childs plain path-way to eternal life; or An heavenly messenger.
Hand Book To The Herbarium: Containing Botanical And English Names Of All The British Flowering Plants, And Ferns With Their Allied Genera () [George Dixon] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks. Title. Manual of British botany: containing the flowering plants and ferns arranged according to natural orders / By.
Babington, Charles Cardale, Antique Print of fern, some ferns that grow in the southern Sierra mountains have eastern healing properties.
Shop Antique Fern Print Green Nature Botanical Art created by GnosisPictureArchive. Plate from Anne Pratt's Flowering Plants, Grasses, Sedges and Ferns of Great Britain Shrewsbury Museums Service pins.
Published in in 5 vols.; the volume on ferns appeared separately in the same year, with the title: The ferns of Great BritainCf. British Museum Catalogue; Alfred Docker, The colour prints of William Dickes, London,nos. The earliest botanical book in this digital collection is Jacques Cornut's Canadensium planetarium ().
McTigue notes that it "is the first flora of the French colony of Canada with about thirty Northeast American plants being described for the first time.". A Tour of the Flowering Plants by Priscilla Spears.
Filled with high-quality color photographs, this is a wonderful reference for those who prefer visual learning. The author illustrates and explains over a hundred flowering plant families and includes a botanical glossary to help the beginner get started Identifying Edible and Poisonous Wild Plants.
Our Hedgerow Guide aims to help you forage for British plants that are relatively common in the wild, easy to find and good to eat – and to avoid those that are inedible or poisonous.
Never rely on one source for plant identification, and never eat anything unless you are % sure it is edible. Plant Identification is a project by Frau-Doktor.
Indoor house plants pictures with names for identification. Each indoor house plant's picture is linked to a page with how to care for the indoor house plants.
Plants; Plant identification and interactive keys. Interactive keys provide rapid and accurate identification of plants. These keys are powerful but easy to use identification tools, multi-access and incorporate many images. Several online keys have been developed by Landcare Research and our contributors.
Your Ultimate Plant Identification & Useful Reference Guide One of the greatest challenges for gardening enthusiasts and Botany students is the identification of plants. With more thanknown species of plants in the world and more being discovered every day, people certainly have a lot of materials and resources to look through.
Group 1 Lycophytes, Monilophytes. Group 2 Gymnosperms. Group 3 Monocots. Group 4 Woody angiosperms with opposite or whorled leaves. Group 5 Woody angiosperms with alternate leaves.
Group 6 Herbaceous angiosperms with inferior ovaries. Group 7 Herbaceous angiosperms with superior ovaries and zygomorphic flowers. The flowering maple (scientific name: Abutilon hybridum) is part of a large plant genus of flowering and foliage type plants. Clivia Miniata Caring advice and description of the kaffir lily plant, (botanical name: Clivia miniata), also the common name bush lily.
Pachystachys Lutea. British and Garden Botany: Consisting of Descriptions of the Flowering Plants, Ferns, and Trees Indigenous to Great Britain, with Notices of All Preceded by an Introduction to Structural an Paperback – June 7, Author: Leo Hartley Grindon.
Antique Fern Bookplate, Plate 2 by Margaret Plues An Irish and British field-biologist, she wrote several popular books on natural history, and helped popularize botany for the Victorians pins.
Later, she would collaborate with another female botanist, Anne Dixon (–), in making two more books featuring cyanotypes: Cyanotypes of British and Foreign Ferns () and Cyanotypes of British and Foreign Flowering Plants and Ferns (). Atkins became a member of the Botanical Society in London inone of the few scientific.
Weed Identification and Control Library We've chosen the most common weeds found in lawns and gardens, and provided the essential information you need for identifying and managing them. Click on a link or image below to view the complete guide.
Plant identification. This part of the site shall help you to identify unknown plants, like cacti, ferns, hydrophytes, orchids, ornamentals, palms, succulents, herbs, shrubs, trees or wildflowers. They are sorted by their scientific names.
You also find here images of berries, fruits, vegetables and seeds. Classified by their common names. Key Characteristics Plants that reproduce by spores; the spores often grouped in specialized structures like sori, sporangia, and/or spore cones. Exceptions Some seed plants have frilly, highly dissected leaves that resemble ferns.
View a video about this group. My plant is in this group. All other flowering non-woody plants. Botanical poster, medicinal plants and flowers print, botanical chart, red Poppy, strawberry, tormentil, septfoil, buttercup ElementaryPrints 5 out of 5 stars () $. Lily of the valley - Convallaria majalis.
Its dainty, super-scented spring bells are held against bold green foliage which darkens over the season. Can be unpredictable in gardens, but can thrive in dry shade. Pink, double and variegated forms are known. Native mostly in England, usually on rather poor soil, and especially in ash woods, and.Title.
Manual of British botany, containing the flowering plants and ferns arranged according to the natural orders. By. Babington, Charles Cardale, Book Edition: 5th Ed., With Many Additions And Corrections.close-up of the flowers with a hoverfly. entire plant.
a bank of common fleabane plants, about 1 to m tall. Common Knotgrass. The specimen above looks so small unlike the large clump I noticed the other day. here is a close-up of that.
One of the freecycle pots had common knotgrass which I allowed to grow to see the flowers produced. | https://mawewimehyhiboryd.museudelantoni.com/botanical-chart-of-british-flowering-plants-and-ferns-book-40001oz.php |
Lakeside, Oregon could be known as a small town with many lakes. For such a small town of only approximately 1700 people, Lakeside is the home to two lakes that make up the Tenmile Lakes, and Eel Lake “next door”. The lakes have many creeks, streams and waterfalls between them. We live on Tenmile Lake (the North side) but we love to enjoy Eel Lake whenever we feel like a close outing.
Just a couple miles, about a 5 minute drive from Lakeside, will get you over to Eel Lake and the Tugman State Park. Eel Lake has camping, yurt rentals and two fantastic hiking trails. One hiking trail heads north of the parking lot, the other is on the south side of the playground/park area. Our first trip to Eel Lake, we were unaware of the south hiking trail so we took a walk over to the north trail.
The hike is an easy hike that almost anyone can make. It’s mostly dirt with some beautiful little wood bridges over the creeks that run into the lake. The trail is covered in trees, ferns, and dozens of types of foliage. There are birds abound and the sound of the babbling creeks is one that I could stand and listen to for hours. The trail takes you into tucked away spots, away from the lake, under the canopy of trees and then back out towards the lake with lookout points overlooking the lake. The clear waters and forested mountains around the lake make for a spectacular view!
As you walk the trail back and forth around twists and turns, you’ll find the end in about an hour – if you’re taking your time to stop and experience nature along the way as I often do. The end of the trail has an old wooden bench at the point of the land and you can sit and look out over the blue waters, at the green mountains with a backdrop of some of the bluest sky you’ve ever seen. If you’re lucky, it will be a warm sunny day and the breeze will feel fantastic as it brushes your face. Equally lucky are those heavily overcast days where there isn’t a stitch of wind and the warm insulation from the clouds and humidity envelop you. I would imagine even a rainy day would be lovely on this trail as long as it wasn’t a torrential downpour. It’s the sort of trail that affords all sorts of weather to create a pleasant experience.
If you are visiting in the summer, Eel Lake is a great lake to swim, kayak and fish. Boats are only allowed a maximum of 10MPH speed limit so you’re sure not to get waked and flipped over on a stand up paddle board either. There is a lovely playground and grassy park for kids to enjoy, perfect for picnicking also. A gorgeous campground covered in trees and as I mentioned at the start, there are even some yurt rentals, perfect for the family that wants a little more structure for their camping experience.
Our next trip to Eel Lake, we’ll be making the hike on the south side of Eel Lake. I’ll write to let you know all about it! | https://www.theyellowdesk.com/single-post/2018/07/20/a-hidden-treasure-in-lakeside-oregon |
Comparison between PMSG- and FSH-induced superovulation for the generation of transgenic rats.
Superovulation protocols using single injections of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) or minipumps with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were compared in immature Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We used the following criteria: total number of ova, rate of fertilization, in vitro embryo development, sensitivity of zygotes to the microinjection of foreign DNA into the pronucleus, and their in-vivo development after transplantation into the oviduct of a recipient. Female SD rats were stimulated with 15 IU PMSG or 10 mg FSH followed by the injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at doses of 20 and 30 IU per female. After hCG administration, they were mated with males of the same strain and sacrificed on day 1 of pregnancy. The percentage of mated animals and the fertilization rate was similar in all groups. In rats given PMSG, the number of ovulated zygotes was hCG dose-dependent. In contrast, the dose of hCG did not influence the efficiency of superovulation in rats given FSH, which was equal to PMSG-treated rats at the optimal dose of hCG. The rates of in vitro blastocyst development (31.4 and 23.3%) and the resistance to microinjection into the pronucleus did also not differ significantly between zygotes of both studied groups. The proportion of offspring developing from microinjected zygotes after oviduct transfer (26.2 and 26.8%, respectively) and the rate of transgene integration per newborns (7.3 and 4.9%, respectively) was similar in both experimental groups. The results of this study demonstrate that superovulation of immature SD rats by PMSG is equally effective as FSH treatment and, thus, preferable for transgenic rat technology due to the lower costs and easier handling.
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If the Sahara used to be fertile and has since experienced minimal rainfall causing the current desert conditions, where did all the sand come from? I assume the original dirt is still there, just underneath the sand.
The sand IS the original dirt, or at least what's left of it.
Sand is one of the major constituents of soil. Soils are roughly half minerals by volume and those minerals are silt, sand, and clay. In fact sand is often the largest single constituent of most common soils. Silt and clay are smaller and lighter, and can be moved by wind much easier when dry, this leads to the removal of everything but the heavier sand particles in very dry conditions. What has happened is that without water and life to bind the material together, wind has removed all the lighter particles leaving nothing but sand and pebbles. Wind is good at sorting grains by size so each area tends to only have one grains size.
. Sand is just weathered rock, if you look at a map of the sahara there are quite a few scattered mountains and highlands in the desert. That is where the sand (and the original silt and clay) came from originally, weathering of rock, and the sahara is mostly exposed rock, with sand only making up a minority of its surface.
Minimum volumes of mobile sand can be estimated for each region of the Sahara, such as the 26 meter average thickness of the Erg Oriental of Algeria. Sand migration model conclusions regarding such volumes of sand are that the current Saharan dune distribution and morphology took at least 1.35 million years to evolve, possibly much longer if there were long periods of aeolian quiescence. Independent geological evidence indicates that cycles of wet and dry periods have occurred over the past 20 million years, corresponding respectively to semi-arid periods of erosion (in the source areas), and to periods of hyper-arid redistribution of sand.
In less arid times vegetation grows on the dunes and stabilizes them.
A thin layer of topsoil is formed.
The Sahara dunes were still there during fertile times - they were just grown over with grass. When conditions became arid, what little topsoil there was blew away and/or was mixed with the sand.
Only 25% of the Sahara is sand and dunes. 70% of the Sahara is bare rock and stones.
Silicon makes up 27 percent of rocks on average. The Sahara is covered 25 percent by SiO2.
The sand and rock material was there all the time, it's just been changed and collected into dune zones. The quartz is stronger and lighter and it sorts itself to the top, and the dark mafic minerals are sorted by gravity.
The Sahara has had aridity troubles for the last 30 million years, the alps are only 35 million years old. They say it was all green, perhaps like India, Nevada and California and Texas.
It's probably changed from desert to savanna many times in the last millions of years due to ice ages. Perhaps there was a kind of biannual monsoon during ice ages, and the monsoon transitions to the current rain habit every time for the past 35 million years, which is when the alps started forming.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged desert or ask your own question.
How will climate change affect the extent of the Sahara Desert?
How important is Sahara dust for the Amazon?
Why is the Sahara so much larger than the other horse latitude deserts?
Desert greening - Do we have long term (several decades) data on precipitation around the Sahara?
Large scale structures in the Sahara – what are they?
Hypothetically, would digging a big trench from the ocean and flooding desert areas be a bad solution to combatting sea level rise?
Can the formation of gypsum evaporites (sand roses) be simulated in the lab? | https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/7885/where-did-the-sand-in-the-sahara-come-from |
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Question:
Answer:
Overview
Business success is determined by many factors, however, none is as important as adaptability. This outcome necessitates the current system design that was outlined in the previous proposal where, the interface aimed to capitalise on the combination of business with information technology, particularly, e-commerce. Now, this subsequent short report aims to give a realistic approach to the system design.
This report will outline all the necessary parameters needed to achieve an efficient system with an elaborate user interface. For one, the use cases will be provided including the usability of the design. Moreover, the evaluation tactics will be provided to ensure the set targets are accomplished (Usability, 2017).
Scope
An overall approach is proposed, where this report will cover the entire design of the user’s interfaces, from the system itself to the underlying database systems and the security measures. However, the delivery procedures of the products will solely be left for the supermarkets to develop.
Objectives, Outputs and Targets
Capitalising on the benefits of e-commerce is the overall objective where the customers will have an enhanced user experience while making their purchases. Furthermore, through this objective, other functionalities and advantages will be developed such as rewarding, enhanced, simple and helpful user system. However, in spite of the many benefits, the system’s usability will depend on the principles of the designs (Usability, 2017).
User Requirements
Several assessments and evaluation were done to develop the following requirements. These requirements reflect the interests proposed by the envisioned users i.e. customers.
Functional requirements:
- A system that develops personalised accounts i.e. create, renew and login to portals.
- Enhances user experience through orders made.
- A system that distinguished between placed and accepted orders.
- An interface with verifiable accounts i.e. purchase made by customers
- Geo-location to track users and available stores.
Objectives determined from requirements
Design requirements:
- Real-time system with adjustable user libraries to reflect available products.
- An interactive system that provide users with a one on one experience.
- Geo-location for tracking purposes (Usability partners, 2017).
Outputs and Targets
Outputs:
- A collaborative system that enhances business practises through information technology.
- An intuitive system with efficient interfaces to meet the customer’s needs (Carleton, 2013).
Targets:
- Initial assessment
- Interface design
- Development through coding
- Testing
- Final system
- Maintenance and troubleshooting
(Liu, 2013)
Use Cases
| |
Actors
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Shoppers: New and active customers
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Online Shopping:
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shopping cart
| |
Delete items, Edit items and Add items
| |
View orders
| |
Authentication and Identity
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Purchase
| |
Identity,
| |
Checkout
| |
Identity, payment services
| |
Register new user
| |
Authentication
Success Criteria
Simple techniques will be used to weigh the project’s progress, this will include the development of milestone and their accomplishment. For instance, achieving the interface design on time will serve as a first phase success of the system design (Usability, 2017). Moreover, the objectives identified i.e. helpful, easy, and engaging etc. will also serve as another measure of success.
Key Assumptions
- Users are literate and understand the basics of mobile devices as well as the internet.
- Users have the necessary technological requirements; internet and devices.
- Stores have the necessary support infrastructure.
Design Aims
As stated before adaptability is the key to business success, this business mantra calls for an adaptive system that can satisfy any requirements including the design process itself. Agile approaches can meet this objective easily, where the system design is split into eloquent subsections based on requirements and expertise. Now, the overall design will collaborate the user requirements (from the initial evaluation) with that of the system developers.
Moreover, these user requirements will enhance the templates developed so as to reflect the need of the user. Following the set templates, users’ functionalities through user stories will outline the final interface that again will reflect the users and the design functionalities (Pichler, 2012).
Fig: Design Principle
In the past, agile design has led to systems that meet varying user requirements, for instance, online retail stores such as Amazon and E-bay vary their system outlook based on the current market environment which is met through agile designs. In essence, the business can adjust user variables and implement them based on designer’s expertise.
Design Outline
Based on the established design, i.e. the proposed wireframes having 4 major interfaces
- System design
- Development of the initial interfaces
- The Login screen – Access to personalised accounts.
- Home/ selecting a grocery store – an interface to choose the desired grocery store.
- Grocery store – An elaborate map with all active stores.
- Shopping – interface where the purchases are made.
- Database – supporting the interface with the underlying data.
- Testing – assessment to evaluate the functionalities.
- Deployment and maintenance.
Proposed Evaluation Methods
In general, usability data from the proposed tests will be captured and analysed to develop conclusive results. These results will then establish the rate of success, however, a simple evaluation plan is proposed.
- The first click test – to determine what draws to the users to the system.
- The usability test – to test the practicality of the interfaces.
- System usability scale (SUS) – A test that outlines the system’s efficiency, usability and objective accomplishment.
- Final, expert reviews – presenting the designs to renowned experts to test for different functionalities (Usability, 2017).
References
Carleton. B. (2013). Real-time User Interface Design. Retrieved 08 March, 2017, from:
Liu. S. (2013). Building Online Shopping Website Based On ASP.NET and SQL Server. Retrieved 28 February, 2017, from:
Pichler. R. (2012). Agile user interface design. Retrieved 08 March, 2017, from:
Usability partners. (2017). User requirements analysis. Retrieved 28 February, 2017, from:
Usability. (2017). User Interface Design Basics. Retrieved 28 February, 2017, from: | https://essayhub.net/essays/project-design-proposal-grocery-store-assignment |
In music theory, the major scale or Ionian scale is one of the diatonic scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher. In solfege these notes correspond to the syllables "Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, Ti/Si, (Do)", the "Do" in the parenthesis at the end being the octave of the tonic starting pitch. The simplest major scale to write or play on the piano is C major, the only major scale not to require sharps or flats, using only the white keys on the piano keyboard:
In rock and popular music examples of songs in Ionian include REO Speedwagon's "Take It on the Run", The Shirelles' "Will You Love Me Tomorrow", Gordon Lightfoot's "Carefree Highway", and Gin Blossoms' "Follow You Down".
Contents
Structure
A major scale may be seen as two identical tetrachords separated by a whole tone, or whole step, the new set of steps "Whole:Whole:Half:Whole:Whole:Whole:Half"(in Semi-tone 2 2 1 2 2 2 1). Each tetrachord consists of two whole steps followed by a half step. Western scales do not skip any line or space on the staff, and they do not repeat any note with a different accidental. This has the effect of forcing the key signature to feature just sharps or just flats.
Named scale degrees
-
- 1st – Tonic- key note
- 2nd – Supertonic
- 3rd – Mediant
- 4th – Subdominant
- 5th – Dominant
- 6th – Submediant
- 7th – Leading tone
- 8th – Tonic ( or Octave)
The circle of fifths
The Circle of Fifths, first described in 1728 by Johann David Heinichen in his book Der General-bass, has been used ever since as a means of illustrating the relative harmonic distance between musical keys.
The numbers inside the circle show the number of sharps or flats in the key signature, with the sharp keys going clockwise, and the flat keys counterclockwise from C major (which has no sharps or flats.) The circular arrangement depends on enharmonic relationships in the circle, usually reckoned at six sharps or flats for the major keys of F♯ = G♭ and D♯ = E♭ for minor keys. Seven sharps or flats make major keys (C♯ major and C♭ major) that may be more conveniently spelled with five flats or sharps (as D♭ major or B major).
Harmonic properties
The major scale may predominate the minor scale in Western music because of its unique harmonic properties ; in particular the major third is much stronger in the harmonic series (it is the 5th, 10th and 20th harmonic – see below) than the minor third (the 19th harmonic).
In other words, the first six notes of the harmonic series provide a consonant major chord, the fourth to sixth of which form a major triad, and seven of the nine notes between the 8th and 16th harmonics (the 7th and 15th overtones) are notes in the major scale in just intonation. See the following:
The major scale allows:
- major or minor triads, both stable and consonant, on every scale degree but the seventh[vague]
- motion by a minor second from the leading tone up to the tonic (see resolution (music)) and from the subdominant down to the mediant.
- a dominant seventh chord on the fifth degree, the dominant (see voice leading)
- a diminished triad and a half-diminished seventh chord on the seventh degree, the leading tone.[vague]
- root motion by perfect fifths, the strongest root motion, from nearly every degree in either direction. The one exception is the unstable tritone interval between the fourth and seventh scale degrees, which is either a diminished fifth or its enharmonic equivalent, an augmented fourth.
Major system in Rock and Popular Music
In rock and popular music, the major system is, "a chromatic system involving variable qualities (major and minor) of several chords whose roots are built on the notes of the Mixolydian scale."
Though, "traditional functions do not apply," such as the, "brief forays into another key," implied by secondary dominants, the, "traditional," 'five-of' (V/x) names are often used by musicians without formal training and are useful to, "distinguish them from the...chords of the chromatic-minor system." For example, in C minor one finds E♭ major (III, rather than V/VI) while in C major one finds E major (V/vi, rather than III), both of which are chromatic chords.
"As in the natural-minor system, no combination of major or minor triads could be arranged on all seven notes of the scale while preserving the diatonic integrity of the aggregate pitch content; the only solution that would produce a purely diatonic pitch content would involve a diminished chord, a type usually avoided in rock."
Most songs, though, use only the diatonic chords: I, ii, iii, IV, V, vi, occasionally ♭VII, "even though the lowered seventh scale degree clashes chromatically with the raised form found as the third of the V chord," (though it, "arises much more frequently than it does in minor (there, generally a Neapolitan),") and, "infrequently, the minor v appears in an otherwise diatonic harmonic setting."
Examples of use of the system, or a portion, include
- using only diatonic chords: The Young Rascals' "Lonely Too Long", Aerosmith's "Angel", The Byrds' "Turn! Turn! Turn! (To Everything There Is A Season)", and Stephanie Mills' "Never Knew Love Like This Before".
- plus VII: A-Ha's "Take On Me", Gordon Lightfoot's "If You Could Read My Mind", Amy Grant's "Good For Me", Aretha Franklin's "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" (also Carole King), Elvis Costello and the Attractions' "Everyday I Write The Book", and the Traveling Wilburys' "Not Alone Any More".
- I, IV, and v ("small number of songs"): The Kingsmen's "Louie Louie", K. C. and the Sunshine Band's "Get Down Tonight", and the verse of Huey Lewis and the News' "I Know What I Like".
- full system: David Bowie's "Space Oddity" and Oasis' "Don't Look Back in Anger".
See also
References
- ^ Stephenson, Ken (2002). What to Listen for in Rock: A Stylistic Analysis, p.39. ISBN 9780300092394.
- ^ a b Drabkin, William. 2001. "Circle of Fifths". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- ^ a b c d e f Stephenson (2002), p.92.
- ^ a b Stephenson (2002), p.94.
Further reading
- Bower, Michael. 2007. "All about Key Signatures". Modesto, CA: Capistrano School (K–12) website. (Accessed 17 March 2010)
- Jones, George Thaddeus. 1974. Music Theory: The Fundamental Concepts of Tonal Music Including Notation, Terminology, and Harmony. Barnes & Noble Outline Series 137. New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, London: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-06-40137-4.
- Kennedy, Michael. 1994. "Key-Signature". Oxford Dictionary of Music, second edition, associate editor, Joyce Bourne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198691629.
- Yamaguchi, Masaya. 2006. The Complete Thesaurus of Musical Scales, revised edition. New York: Masaya Music Services. ISBN 0967635306.
External links
- Proper fingering of the major and minor scales on the piano
- Listen to and download harmonised Major scale piano MP3s
- The major scale for guitar in one position, with derivation
Musical scales Main Western Types
Bebop · Diatonic · Enharmonic · Jazz · Synthetic
Name
Acoustic · Alpha scale · Altered · Beta scale · Blues · Bohlen-Pierce · Double harmonic · Enigmatic · Gamma scale · Half diminished · Harmonic major · Harmonic Scale · Lydian dominant · Major locrian · Misheberak · Phrygian dominant · Whole tone
Ethnic origin
Algerian · Arabic (Double harmonic • Major locrian • Quarter tone • 17 equal temperament) · Gamelan pelog · Gamelan slendro · Gypsy · Hungarian gypsy · Hungarian minor · Neapolitan minor and major · Persian · Ukrainian minor · Yo · In
Modes Modes in Western music GregorianDorian · Phrygian · Lydian · Mixolydian Other Diatonic MinorMelodic minor (I) · Dorian ♭2 (II) · Lydian Augmented (III) · Lydian Dominant (IV) · Mixolydian ♭13 (V) · Locrian ♮2 (VI) · Altered (VII)See also Properties of musical modes Number of tones
Pentatonic · Hexatonic · Heptatonic · Octatonic · ChromaticCategories:
- Major scales
- Musical scales
- Modes
-
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Look at other dictionaries: | https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/12621 |
Last time we discussed some rather challenging holes of (mathematical) mini-golf, uncovering Tokarski’s construction of some un-hole-in-one-able holes. By contrast, here is the all-time easiest hole of mini-golf, namely, a guaranteed hole-in-one:
By some miracle of geometry, if we take an ellipse (i.e., a stretched or squashed circle) and place the ball and cup at two special points \(F_1\) and \(F_2\) called the foci of the ellipse, then any golf shot leaving \(F_1\) will bounce off a wall and proceed directly to \(F_2\). You can’t miss!
Curiously, this easiest golf hole can be used to construct some even more challenging ones. For starters, consider a mushroom-shaped room as illustrated below (left), where the “mushroom head” is half of an ellipse with foci \(F_1\) and \(F_2\). Then the same reflection principle mentioned above tells us that any shot entering the mushroom head via segment \(F_1F_2\) will be reflected straight back through \(F_1F_2\) and sent back down the stem. This means that no shot from P can ever reach the triangular “fang” containing Q, and in particular, no hole-in-one from P to Q is possible. In the mirrored-room setting (described last time), if a light source is placed at P, then the whole triangular fang remains unilluminated! This is stronger than Tokarski’s room, where only a single point remained unlit. Similar constructions are possible even with rooms that have no corners, such as the “curvy” mushroom on the right.
With this idea, we can construct a mirrored room that has dark patches no matter where a light bulb is placed. In the image below, if a light source is placed anywhere in the top half of the room, the lower triangular “fang” will be completely dark. Similarly, the upper fang is not illuminated from anywhere in the bottom half of the room. This room (or one quite like it) was originally designed by Roger Penrose in 1958.
Back in the mini-golf setting, we can do something even more devious: by chaining multiple Penrose rooms together, we can construct golf holes that require as many shots as we wish! The golf hole below cannot be completed with fewer than 7 shots. Indeed, no single shot can cross two dashed segments with different numbers, so 7 shots are required.
What about polygons? | http://blog.zacharyabel.com/category/games-experiments/ |
Computer browsing applications generate user value by providing effective and useful platforms for presenting and depicting information, with varying mechanisms for abstracting data and providing context for information that is displayed. Presentation of large quantities of data in a manner that can be quickly consumed by the user continues to be a challenging design objective for browsing applications. As further design iterations of existing mechanisms approach an asymptotic relationship with increases in effectiveness or utility of those mechanisms, new paradigms in the presentation of multidimensional data become increasingly attractive.
Graphical displays of quantitative data associate respective data values with graphical structures, such as bars, circles, pie-sections, and so on. These graphical displays improve user consumption of data by providing a visual rendering of relationships between quantitative values that can be quickly seen by a viewer. Early graphical displays correlate different dimensions of a graphical display or chart, such as horizontal dimension and vertical dimension, with different dimensions of the data. A common two-dimensional display, for instance, can depict a list of entities in a first dimension with a corresponding set of quantitative values or qualitative characteristics (e.g., colors) in a second dimension. Several methods have been developed to expand beyond the simple two-dimensional display. As an example, multiple two-dimensional charts can be employed to depict three dimensions of data. Alternatively, three dimensional charts can depict three dimensions of data on a single chart. And of course, multiple three dimensional charts can be employed to depict a fourth dimension of data. The obvious limitation, of course, is that the number of dimensions of data that can be displayed in a single chart is limited by the number of dimensions that can be depicted in a graphical display.
While utilization of multiple charts increases contextual dimension of a graphical display, it also adds to a user's mental overhead, by requiring the user to mentally link two or more charts and their associated data together. This increased mental overhead tends to slow down user consumption of data. Moreover, multidimensional charts having large amounts of data can become prohibitively complex for a viewer, dramatically slowing data consumption.
In addition to mental overhead, complex multidimensional charts can be difficult to construct and interact with. User interaction with a graphical display can provide additional value, allowing a user to quickly change and update data, focus on subsets of the data to enhance understanding of the information presented, understand relationships between subsets of data, and so on. Simple graphical charts like pie charts, bar charts, line charts, etc., offer limited user interactivity, however. Furthermore, these charts are limited to a linear and often rigid presentation of relativistic data (e.g., bars, lines, pie sections). Moreover, space limitations on the amount of information that can be displayed at a given time tend to be restrictive.
The above-identified deficiencies of today's graphical displays and data charts are merely intended to provide an overview of some of the problems of conventional systems, and are not intended to be exhaustive. Other problems with the state of the art and corresponding benefits of some of the various non-limiting embodiments may become further apparent upon review of the following detailed description.
| |
Self-compatible or -pollinated or outcrossed; on herbarium specimens, curvature of inflorescence axis in bud generally reliable, pollen color generally not.
|Native|
Stem decumbent to erect, < 1 m, puberulent
Leaf: petiole < 1 cm; blade 16 cm, linear to lanceolate
Inflorescence open or dense; axis in bud straight; buds erect
Flower: hypanthium 310 mm; sepals staying fused in 4's; corolla bowl-shaped, petals 1.56 cm, obovate to fan-shaped, pink to lavender, rarely white, red-spotted or -marked near middle; stamens 8, anthers alike; ovary cylindric with 4 grooves (or fusiform with 8), stigma beyond anthers
Ecology: Generally open, drying places
Elevation: < 700 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast, Klamath Ranges, Outer North Coast Ranges, n San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia
Intermediates among subspp. frequent.
|Native|
Stem decumbent
Inflorescence dense; internode generally < subtending flower
Flower: petals 23.5 cm; ovary cylindric, grooves 4
Chromosomes: n=7
Ecology: Uncommon. Open slopes, bluffs on or near coast
Elevation: < 100 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast
Horticultural information: SUN: 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17 &IRR: 7, 8, 9, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24; CVS. | http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5263,5341,5343,5344 |
"Solmization"
Keywords:
syllable
,
d'arezzo
,
hexachord
,
singer
,
singing
Related Terms:
Solfege
,
Chromatic
,
Submediant
,
Tonic
,
Chromaticism
,
Subdominant
,
Root
,
Hexachord
,
Raaga
,
Scale
,
Leading tone
,
Seventh chord
,
Diatonic
,
Supertonic
,
Subtonic
,
Appoggiatura
,
Diatonic scale
,
Dominant
,
Chromatic scale
,
Tonality
,
Pentatonic scale
,
Pentatonic
,
Diminished chord
,
Seventh
,
Deceptive cadence
,
Major chord
,
Harmonize
,
Arpeggio
,
Enharmonic
,
Chord progression
,
Key
,
Tonal
,
Harmony
,
Mediant
,
Harmonic progression
,
Sharp
,
Diapason
,
Diminished
,
Tertian
,
Inversion
,
Fifth
,
Tetrachord
,
Atonal
,
Power chord
,
Note
,
Chord
,
Major
,
Melody
,
Third
,
Augmented
A system for teaching singing and musical rudiments devised by Guido d'Arezzo in the eleventh century. The system consists of a series of interlocking hexachords, that form the gamut, starting with the lowest note "gamma-ut" ( of the bottom of the modern bass clef) through the top of the system . The three hexachords are the natural hexachord with C as "ut", the soft hexachord with F as "ut", and the hard hexachord with G as "ut". In the system, the six scale degrees of the hexachords are represented by the syllables "ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la", so that the only semitone lies between "mi" and "fa", all the other steps being whole tones. The system remained the standard preliminary method of instruction for musicians until 1600. [SLM; GJC
plato.acadiau.ca
A memory aid developed by Gui d'Arezzo. Since the seventh and eighth centuries, letters designated the first six notes of the scale. Arezzo added to each note the first syllable of a verse from the hymn to St. John the Baptist: Ut queant lacis Resonare fibris Mira gestorum Famuli tuorum Solve polluti Labii reatum. Each verse was to be sung a tone higher than the one before, except the fourth, which was separated from the third by only a semi-tone. This allowed the singer to remember the respective places of tones and semi-tones in the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la. This series of six notes forms the basis for solmization, derived from the sol- mi sequence.
ucalgary.ca
a system of naming the notes of a musical scale by syllables instead of letters
wordnet.princeton.edu
singing using solfa syllables to denote the notes of the scale of C major
wordnet.princeton.edu
A music reading method that associates syllables (do, re, mi, etc.) with pitches of the diatonic scale. Many ancient cultures had developed similar systems before this one was created for use in teaching sightreading to monks.
lawrence.edu
using syllables to represent the notes of the scale; the singer associates the syllable with a particular pitch and its context of whole steps and half steps. See hexachord.
vanderbilt.edu
The term for the use of syllables for the degrees of the major scale: do, re, mi, fa, sol, la ti, do. The minor scale (natural) is la, ti, do, re, mi, fa, sol, la.
powertabs.net
View 4 more results
Keywords:
faing
,
act
The act of sol-faing. | https://metaglossary.com/define/solmization |
This is a key position within the laboratory and will be responsible for planning and executing projects on novel target identification and drug development and single cell genotype/phenotype analyses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. A diverse set of experimental procedures from in vitro cell culture to in vivo animal models will be used. The candidate is expected to work independently and have an excellent knowledge base in cancer biology and genomics.
II. Technical Skills
1. Design, plan, and execute in vitro and in vivo experiments in collaboration with PI and PI’s research team. Provide assistance and work closely with research team as needed for completion of research projects.
2. Record, analyze, and interpret experimental data. Assist in preparation of manuscripts and grants.
3. Present results in laboratory meetings and other scientific meetings.
4. Develop new experimental protocols and techniques.
5. Perform other duties as needed.
III. Supervisory Responsibilities
May train students and other research staff.
IV. Education Requirements
PhD in any biomedical discipline.
V. Years of Relevant Experience Required
PhD in any biomedical discipline with 0-2 years of postdoctoral experience in a cancer research laboratory setting. Experience working with animals will be an asset.
VI. Proposed Salary Range
NIH salary scale
Desirable Skills:
- Experience in cell culture of established and primary cell lines. Experience in a cadre of tumor biology protocols. Experience in animal tumor models. Excellent problem solving skills. Work effectively independently and contribute to a team-oriented environment. Excellent interpersonal skills and interact well with other research team members. Excellent organizational skills to effectively manage time and priorities. Effective communication skills, both verbal and written. Flexibility in work schedule depending on the needs on ongoing experiments and projects. | https://jobs.sciencecareers.org/job/499149/postdoctoral-scholar/ |
To know basic information about the stingless bee, Trigona minangkabau, and the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, as pollinator of strawberry, we set three greenhouse areas: the honey bee introduced area, the stingless bee introduced area and the control area. Foraging and pollination efficiencies of the two bee species were studied comparatively.
During the experimental period (10 days), the stingless bee foraged well and the nest weight did not change, though the honey bee often foraged inefficiently and the nest weight decreased by 2 kg. The average nectar volume of a flower was lower in the honey bee area (0.02 μl) and nearly the same in the other two areas (0.1 μl).
We make a numerical model to describe pollination and fertilization process. This model shows that one visit of the honey bee pollinated 11% of achenes and one visit of the stingless bee did 4.7% on average and that 11 visits of the honey bee or 30 visits of the stingless bee are required per flower to attain normal berry (fertilization rate, 87%). In this study, the rate of deformed berries in the stingless bee area (73%) was lower than that of the control area (90%), but higher than that of the honey bee area (51%). From our numerical model, we conclude the stingless bee could pollinate strawberry as well as the honey bee if we introduced 1.8 times of bees used in this experiment. | https://esj-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1007/BF02515648 |
NATIONAL BESTSELLING AUTHOR OF FUN, FASHIONABLE MYSTERIES. WEEKLY DIVA. WORK IN PROGRESS.
sleeping with the fishes
Mermaid Sisters Cozy Mystery #3
A deep dive into danger . . .
Ava was born to lead. The oldest of the three royal daughters from Sirenia, she’s been by Mother’s side from the moment she first learned to swim. Her inevitable legacy notwithstanding, she is resentful of the adventures her sisters Zoe and Kyra have had while she’s been in charge. But when Mother goes missing Ava’s world teeters on the brink of change. If Mother returns, Ava’s life in the shadows will continue. If Mother is gone forever, Ava’s new responsibilities may overwhelm her.
What happens when an unexpected threat disrupts your underwater village?
If you’re the next-mermaid-in-line, you might have to assume control.
Ostracized by the other mermaids, she focuses on learning the truth—even if it means confronting the lies she’s learned to believe. Was this a coup, or did mother have enemies? Ava is used to the politics of Sirenia, but what happens when those who may have taken her mother are the ones she was taught to trust? Can she become what she doesn’t know she wants in order to protect what the other mermaids need?
DETAILS
Genre: Cozy Mystery
Release date: 6/2019
Series: Mermaid Sisters
Level of Fashion: Scales
Lexile Score: 1000
HC ISBN:
PB ISBN:
E ISBN: 9781939197665
🎧 ISBN: | https://www.dianevallere.com/sleeping-with-the-fishes |
Super Pi day is coming!
Whether or not you’re a math aficionado, you may remember pi to be the ratio of a circle’s circumference (the length all the way around) to its diameter (the width across the circle). This number is symbolized by the Greek letter ∏. Pi is a unique number in that despite computers dividing it out to millions of places, no number sequence has been found to repeat itself – a number stretching as far to infinity as we can imagine it.
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Generally, Pi is abbreviated to 3.14 to make it manageable, and every March 14 social media will be inundated with Pi(e) memes and many pies will be baked in the number’s honor (I admit, I’m guilty of this one, too, even though I avoid higher math at all costs). This year, however, is a Super Pi day – at 9:26:54 a.m., the time will match Pi to ten digits – 3.14159265358, a phenomena that rarely happens.
The first known celebration of Pi day was by Larry Shaw, a physicist at the San Francisco Exploratorium, in 1988. Staff and public alike marched around a circular space and enjoyed eating fruit pies.
Celebrate Pi day by enjoying circles, even if you don’t feel like doing the math. Spin your wheels, have a donut with your coffee, or perhaps just spin your desk chair to enjoy the centrifugal force. Or, go all the way and enjoy some Pi(e), such as this simple blueberry pie (which can be made sugar-free with an artificial sweetener):
Blueberry Pie (because blueberries are circular, too!) :
4 cups blue berries
1 9” baked pie crust
¾ cup of sugar
¼ cup of water
3 Tbsp of cornstarch
¼ tsp salt
1 Tbsp Gran Marnier liqueur
1 tsp butter
Whipped cream or vanilla ice cream
Bake your pie crust, let it cool.
Spread 2 cups of the berries in the pie crust. Refrigerate until chillled.
Simmer remaining 2 cups of berries, sugar, water, cornstarch, and salt in a heavy-bottomed saucepan until thickened, stirring frequently (@ 7 minutes). Remove from heat.
Mix in Gran Marnier and butter. Cool completely.
Pour blueberry sauce over berries in piecrust. Refrigerate until welll chilled.
Serve with whipped cream or ice cream.
Enjoy! | https://cheshirelibraryblog.com/2015/03/14/super-pi-day/ |
WORCESTER, Pa. (CBS) — There is nothing like a good slice of pizza for lunch, dinner — anytime really. CBS3’s Vittoria Woodill found a place that serves up slices with some fun and unexpected toppings.
This week’s Takeout with Tori features Olce’s Pizza Grille on Skippack Pike in Worcester, a place where the slices are full of surprises.READ MORE: ABC Men Feeding Philadelphia Community Physically And Spiritually One Box At A Time
How do you feel about corn on pizza?
Owner Kevin Carton says their corn pizza is their summer specialty and last summer they sold over 4,000 of them.READ MORE: Camden County Health Officials Enlisting Bilingual Volunteers To Help Dispel COVID Vaccine Fears In Latino Community
And even during the pandemic, many families wanted exactly what Carton’s did, a place to plop by, feel good and support.
“The pandemic has been horrible and hurt the business but for me, it’s reinvigorated the love of this business,” Carton said.MORE NEWS: 'Really Good Step In The Right Direction' For Philadelphia Restaurants As Some COVID Restrictions Relaxed
WATCH THE VIDEO ABOVE FOR THE FULL TAKEOUT WITH TORI. | https://philadelphia.cbslocal.com/2020/07/09/takeout-with-tori-olces-pizza-grille-in-worcester-offers-slices-full-of-surprises/ |
Wednesday of last week was celebrated as Fleur de Lis Day with a lovely reception hosted by Wanda Edwards, Martha Fields and Jennie Lee Chastain.
Especially appreciated was a proclamation honoring the club from Mitchell Mayor J.D. England. Of the many Fleur de Lis clubs across the country, the Mitchell chapter seems to be the last survivor.
On Oct. 2, 1894, a number of Mitchell area ladies met at the home of Miss Bertha Wolfe and organized themselves into a club that was to be an intellectual and a social benefit to its members. To be known as the Fleur de Lis Club, it would study the history and literature of the French people. The motto selected for the club was “Sans Pariel (without equal).
Charter members were Bertha Wolfe, president, and Lizzie M. Burton, secretary. Other charter members were Ida Hutcherson, Bertha May Burton, Belle Newby, Mrs. Welker and Mrs. Nora Williams. Six more members were added at the second meeting.
In those days of the late 1800s, higher education for women was not the rule, and women would not be able to vote until 1920.
These ladies would endeavor to supply some of that deficit. The members would meet weekly in one of their homes, and educational program subjects were often weighty. For example, the first program was: “Origin of Feudalism and its Decline, Military Power, Causes of decline of Power of the Crown, and Advantages and Evils of the Feudal System.”
The rules were strict as to attendance and assignments of program topics. It was voted to have a fine of 25 cents for unexcused absence if on the program, or to supply a substitute; 10 cents for other members absent without an excuse, and 5 cents for tardiness.
In November of the first year, a reception was held at the home of Mrs. E. P. Moore. The entertainment included a recitation and five solos. Ice cream, cake and salted almonds were served.
Over the last 125 years, many projects have been supported, other than the education of members. Records show that Red Cross stamps were first sold in Mitchell by Fleur de Lis. During World War I, the club took up Red Cross work.
In February 1911, letters were written from the club to our senator and representatives to support the bill for municipal suffrage for women. Letters were also written to the attorney general and the Mitchell mayor, asking to have the sale of salacious literature barred.
In 1916, contributions for starving children were collected from prominent community members to send to the Belgian Relief Commission. A contribution from the club also went to help buy 200 car loads of corn for the Star of Hope Near East Relief.
In 1923, the club donated $25 to furnish a room in the Bedford Hospital. Another project was the giving of prizes in the High School Domestic Science Department. Scholarships have been given over the years, and this practice continues, with the club awarding a $300 scholarship to a Mitchell senior each year.
Today’s club has a membership of 12. Members of longest standing are Priscilla Cessna and Jennie Lee Chastain. President is Martha Fields, vice president is Mary Callahan, and secretary-treasurer is Jennie Lee Chastain. Although we enjoy our social gatherings, we endeavor to enlighten with literature and demonstrations. The most recent meeting included the reading of a biographical sketch of Indiana author and naturalist Gene Stratton Porter. Members answered roll call with a favorite inspirational quote by Porter.
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This piece was made for a college assignment. Our task was to pick a painting from the Allen Art Museum and compose an 8 channel piece based on that art. I chose Dovedale by Moonlight because the very first time I saw it in person I was drawn to the moon. I remember being intrigued by the way a 2d work of art could have so much movement in it. The path of bright light from the moon, to the clouds, to the stream, wound up in my piece. I tried to represent the key elements that I saw in this painting in my piece.
At the end of the sememster we played stereo mixes of our compositions in the museum next to the paintings they accomponied.
Stereo Mix:
Dovedale by Moonlight
Joseph Write of Derby, 1784
Etude 2: Sleeping on the Couch
Piano & effects
Current Projects
Morning, Mud, Night
A piece in three downloads, please proceed to the link below and follow the instructions on screen. | https://www.nessopotamia.com/bands |
The Double-Edged Sword of Memory Retrieval
Are there any downsides to retrieval practice?
Retrieving memories can also open a window to errors when erroneous information is retrieved or when new information is encoded during retrieval.
Researchers explore how retrieval practice can influence or inhibit recall in a 13-page research paper, the double-edged sword of memory retrieval (Roediger III + Abel, 2022).
This literature review explores:
- The effects of retrieving the information,
- The effects of related information
- The effects on subsequent encoding and,
- The role of context in retrieval.
Going to the grocery store without a shopping list and suddenly remembering to buy artichokes for dinner is an example of successful recall.
4-stage memory process
A fantastic graphic is offered to help teachers understand the process of learning and memory. Personally, this offer teachers a friendly guide to understanding how learning happens.
- Encoding = information enters the cognitive system through direct experience
- Information, together with context, can be consolidated then saved (stored)
- Retrieval is when memories are brought back into conscious awareness.
The effects of retrieving the information
The research offers an interesting analogy, describing when you have just seen a film at the cinema and then meet a friend who asks you to describe the film.
“The act of accurately retrieving information increases the likelihood that the information will accurately be retrieved at a later point in time.” This phenomenon is known as the testing effect. If spaced (testing) apart, the recall is strengthened.
Modifying memory via retrieval
If I ask you to recall the film E.T., and you are unable to tell me how many fingers the alien had – let’s say you keep getting the answer wrong – the more an error is repeated in overt or covert retrieval, the more it will become part of a memory for this movie.
The effects of related information
People tend to focus on what is most important, meaning often we do not include everything that could be retrieved. For example, if you meet up with a group of friends from university, you’re more likely to remember “pleasant and enjoyable aspects while avoiding embarrassing or stressful details.”
Self-limiting retrieval
Early research suggests there are negative effects on selective retrieval. “Successful recall of one piece of information restricts subsequent recall of related information. In short, retrieval is a self-limiting process.”
Some readers may be familiar with retrieval-induced forgetting – repeated retrieval of subset information can prompt forgetting of related information! Put simply, retrieval of some information is detrimental to and limits the retrieval of related information.
Self-propagating retrieval
Memory retrieval can propagate itself and is a natural progression of the work on retrieval-induced forgetting. Some research studies examined why selective retrieval practice sometimes creates forgetting and facilitates recall of related materials. Spaced and distributed practice is highlighted here as a source for self-propagating related information.
Test-potentiated learning
Memory tests can increase memory for retrieval but also enhance subsequent new learning. More attempts to retrieve rather than re-study make it easier to learn.
One proposal is that interpolated retrieval might directly influence new encoding. Another, is that interpolated retrieval increases contextual change and thereby results in better contextual segregation of all studied sets of materials.
Test-enhanced suggestibility
Memory retrieval also enhances learning of subsequently presented misinformation. Memory for original content can be altered when new information is encountered.
Test-enhanced suggestibility can be conceptualized as test-potentiated learning of misinformation. E.g. memory distortions that can often are seen in ‘eye-witness statements’ …
The effects on subsequent encoding
Episodic memory is discussed in this research section – the passage of time from the environment, mood and thoughts. “When memories are recalled during retrieval practice, the original episodic context is assumed to be reinstated and updated with the new context present during retrieval.”
The episodic context can also be applied when retrieval practice (semantic knowledge) opens a window for storing additional content.
The role of context in retrieval.
Possibly the most important section of the research is context – when to use retrieval, why and how.
Retrieval practice after studying some information and before studying other information has been suggested to increase contextual change. There is more to read in the research, and I’ve only summarised parts:
“Memory models including context might be of value in solving how exactly the many effects of memory retrieval can be understood as a whole.”
Conclusions
- There are positive and negative effects of retrieval on retrieved memories.
- If errors are retrieved repeatedly, miss information is inserted or retrieved.
- If memories are retrieved accurately, repeated retrieval boost later retention.
- If retrieval material is semantically integrated, then one piece of information may provoke retrieval of related information, especially after a delay.
- Information is inhibited if the information is not inter-associated and retrieval occurs shortly after.
The researchers suggest several places where more research is needed, and this is where teachers could contribute. First, the study of human memory using reconsolidation on interference and misinformation effects. Second, the effect of schedules of space retrieval on long-term retention.
The research concludes: Our portrayal of memory retrieval as a double-edged sword and characterization of the effects as ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ might ultimately be too simplistic.
Download the paper. | https://prepwallet.com/the-double-edged-sword-of-memory-retrieval/ |
October 21, 2021
Josh Hartnett was born on 21-07-1978 in Saint Paul, Ramsey in the state of Minnesota, United States. He is an American Film Actor, Film Producer, Theatre Actor, Environmentalist & Television Actor.
|Other Name:||Joshua Daniel Hartnett|
|Other Professions:||Film Producer Theatre Actor Environmentalist Television Actor|
|Appearance:||Hollywood|
43 years, 3 months, 0 day old age Josh Hartnett will turn 44 on 21 July, 2022. Only 8 months, 29 days, 12 hours, 4 minutes has left for his next birthday.
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Birthdays Celebrated on Each Day of Week
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Josh Hartnett has celebrated the total number of 43 birthdays till date. See the analysis by days count and bar graph. | https://www.celebrityborn.com/biography/josh-hartnett/7687 |
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Identifying the Rainforest The Mt Keira rainforest is located in Wollongong, New South Wales in Australia. The Mt Keira rainforest is what we call a subtropical rainforest. There are four types of rainforest: Tropical, subtropical, warm-temperate and cool-temperate. Tropical rainforests have generally have a warmer climate than subtropical rainforests. Warm-temperate rainforest are slightly cooler than subtropical rainforests, and cool-temperate rainforests have very cool climates, i.e. Canada...
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Rainforests February 18th, 2013 Mr. Zanardo AJ D’Orazio CGF 3M Grade 11 Rainforests are the oldest living ecosystems on earth. They only cover about 6% of the Earth surface but they contain more than half of the world’s animal and plant species. Rainforests are described as a tall but dense jungle. It is called a “rain” forest because of the high amount of rainfall it gets per year. There are two different types of rainforests Tropical and Temperate. A tropical rainforest is located...
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Period 2 4-11-12 They Should Be Saved Rainforests cover about six percent of the world. Millions of tribal people inhabit these rainforests. A little less than fifty percent of the world’s animals and insects live in the rainforests. Although rainforests seem so important, they are being destroyed at an alarming rate today. Humans should stop cutting down rainforests because destroying them causes plants and insects to become endangered and there is also a great supply of fruit and nut trees...
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TMA 04 Rainforests have been declining rapidly over the last few decades. There are various factors responsible for this decline, resulting in serious impacts on the environment and the economy. Critically discuss the causes of deforestation and solutions to it. Deforestation refers to the destruction of large areas of natural forests resulting in serious irreversible damage. Forests are crucial factors to our existence and because of the time it takes to replace harvested trees, they must...
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Rainforest Animals Many people love animals. I can’t necessarily teach you about all of the animals in the world, so I’ll just teach you about the animals from my favorite place, the Rainforest! Frogs [pic] We will start our journey with The Poison Dart Frog. Before I tell you any information about it. I will tell you about its classification. • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Ampidibia • Order: Anura • Family: Dendrodatide ...
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An issue in the world today that is extremely troubling is the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest. The world’s largest remaining natural resource is at risk of total destruction. This beautiful South American forest represents 40% of the continent and 54% of the total remaining rain forests that are left. It covers nine of the countries in South America which include Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Bolivia, Guyana, French Guiana and Suriname. From May 2000 to August 2006, approximately 150...
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disturbances acting on the two sampling sites. II. Methodology In order to determine and describe the plant species composition of a tropical rainforest and tropical grassland, to compare the diversity of the two sampling sites,to identify the most dominant species in each site and the disturbances on the two sampling sites, the composition of a tropical rainforest and a tropical grassland biomes were observed. A relatively flat area within the forest of Mount Makiling, Los Banos Laguna was located and...
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Amazon Rainforest in Brazil Location The Amazon Rainforest is located in South America, south of the Equator It covers 2.1 million square miles of land. The longitude and latitude of the Amazon rainforest is longitude = 71 degrees, 45’ and 55”W and latitude = 15 degrees 31’ and 05”S. Biotic Components Animals -- boa constrictor -- toucan -- poison dart frog Plants -- ferns -- algae -- rattan palms Abiotic Components The Amazon Rainforest has a rainy and dry season. The annual rainfall...
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The Borneo Rainforest is located in Borneo which is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. The Rainforest is 130 million years old, which makes it the oldest rainforest in the world. The Borneo rainforest is one of the only remaining natural habitats for the endangered Bornean Orangutan. It is an important refuge for many endemic forest species, including the Asian Elephant, the Sumatran Rhinoceros, the...
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Rainforest Case Study: The Amazonian Rainforest Habitat types of the forest: Over half of the Amazon rainforest is located in Brazil but it is also located in other South American countries including Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Bolivia, Suriname and French Guiana. The rainforest is made up of several different layers. These include: The emergent layer Most of these trees are broad-leaved, hardwood evergreens. There is a lot of sunlight here, these trees receive the most, and... | https://www.studymode.com/subjects/rainforest-page1.html |
Introduction {#Sec1}
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Interdigitation zones was defined as the interdigitation between the cone outer segments and the RPE microvilli corresponded to the ensheathment of the cone outer segments by the processes of the RPE in a structure known as the contact cylinder, whose function was not clear as that of the RPE-Bruch's membrane complex. While the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) which connected with the interdigitation zones performs a variety of functions in vectorial transport, supporting the functions of photoreceptors and other cells in the neural retina, forming the outer blood-retinal barrier and so on^[@CR1]--[@CR3]^. Recently, with better resolution, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has been used to examine the foveal microstructures in greater detail^[@CR4]--[@CR6]^. It was the landmark study by Staurenghi G *et al*.^[@CR7]^ developed a consensus nomenclature for the classification of retinal and choroidal layers and demonstrated that two highly reflective bands can be seen in the outer retina in the SD-OCT images, which were representative of the interdigitation zones and the RPE-Bruch's membrane complex. Although the functions of interdigitation zones were not clear, studies revealed that destructions of these microstructures can be indicated in different retinal diseases, including retinal detachment^[@CR8]^, age-related macular degeneration^[@CR3]^, foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy^[@CR9]^, central serous chorioretinopathy^[@CR10]^, and acute, posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy^[@CR11]^. The primary aim of our research is to study the type and thickness of interdigitation zone band in adult Chinese subjects by SD OCT and its correlation with systemic and ocular biometric parameters with a relatively large study population.
Methods {#Sec2}
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Our study based on the Beijing Eye Study 2011, which is a population-based cross-sectional study in Northern China. The study was carried out in 5 communities in the urban district and in 3 communities in the village district of Beijing. People over 50 years of age are included into the study. The 8 communities had a total population of 4403 individuals conforming to the inclusion criteria, 3468 individuals (1963 (56.6%) women) participated in the eye examination, corresponding to an overall response rate of 78.8%. The mean age of all participants were 64.6 ± 9.8 years (median, 64 years; range, 50--93 years). The rural part included 1633 (47.1%) subjects (943 (57.7%) women) and the urban part included 1835 (52.9%) subjects (1020 (55.6%) women). All examinations were carried out in the communities, either in schoolhouses or in community houses. The participants were asked to provid information on the general situation and received physical and ophthalmic examination. The study has been described in detail^[@CR12]^.
According to the Declaration of Helsinki, the Medical Ethics Committee of the Beijing Tongren Hospital approved the study protocol and all participants gave informed written consent, and all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
263 people with apparently normal eyes were randomly selected cases, but with different age and axial length from Beijing eye study 2011 database. The inclusion criterion was the participants without eye disease or eye surgery, which were found by ophthalmic examination and questionnaire. The macular region was imaged by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT; Spectralis®, Wavelength: 870 nm; Heidelberg Engineering Co., Heidelberg, Germany). The examination and the methods of measurement had been described in detail^[@CR13]^. Only the right eye of each study participant was assessed.
There are two types of interdigitation zone band; the type1 which can be distinguished with RPE--BM complex (Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}); and the Type 2 which merged with RPE--BM complex (Fig. [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). For type 1: the thickness of the interdigitation zone band and RPE--BM complex was measured separately at first; then measured the two layers together (from the inner border of interdigitation zone band to the outer border of the RPE--BM complex). For type 2: the thickness of the interdigitation zone band and RPE--BM complex should be measured together only. The inner and outer borders of the RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band were manually segmented (Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Each image was measured at 5 locations: in the fovea, and in the outer extreme section superior to the fovea, inferior to the fovea, temporal of the fovea and 2 mm nasal to the fovea in direction to the optic disc. The images were taken by one technician (CXC) and the images were assessed by two ophthalmologists (LS, KFD).Figure 1Optical coherence tomogram of the RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band (Type 1). The inner and outer borders of the RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band were manually segmented. The thickness of the two layers were measured separately at first; the red line showed the subfoveal thickness of RPE--BM complex; the green line showed the subfoveal thickness of the the interdigitation zone band. Then measured the two layers together (from the inner border of interdigitation zone band to the outer border of the RPE--BM complex) and showed with the purple line.Figure 2Optical coherence tomogram of the RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band (Type 2). The two layers appear to have merged (without the dark band between the two layers) on the OCT image, and both were measured together with the blue line.
Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS software package (SPSS for Windows, version 20.0, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). In the first step, differences for the thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band measured together in four quadrants and fovea were compared between the type 1 and type 2. In the second step, we performed a univariate linear regression analysis with the thickness of interdigitation zone band of type 1 as a dependent parameter and ocular and general parameters as independent parameters. In the third step, we performed a multivariate linear regression analysis, with the thickness of interdigitation zone band of type 1 as a dependent parameter and all those parameters as independent parameters that were significantly associated with it in univariate analysis. The thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation band were described by the mean values (presented as mean ± standard deviation). Categorical variables were assessed individually with the chi-square test, and the Fisher exact test was used for samples with an expectancy of less than 5. Continued data were analyzed using an independent sampled t-test. The paired t test was used to analyze differences in thickness by location in the macula. Simple liner regression was calculated for variations in the thickness of the interdigitation zone band relative to systemic and ocular risk factors. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the explanatory variables with regard to the dependent variable. 95% Confidence intervals (CI) were presented. All P-values were 2-sided and were considered statistically significant when the values were less than 0.05.
Results {#Sec3}
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263 people (263eyes) were included in the study. 117 (44.5%) subjects were male. The mean age was 64.8 ± 9.6 years (median: 65 years; range: 50 to 89 years), mean refractive error (spherical equivalent) was −0.12 ± 1.99 diopters (median: 0.25 diopters; range: −5.75 to +7.00 diopters), and mean axial length was 23.18 ± 1.08 mm (median: 23.13 mm; range: 19.94--26.47 mm).
The Type1 group included 170 cases (81(47.6%) male)); and the Type 2 group involved 93 eyes (36(38.7%) male). The Type 2 group, as compared with the Type1 group, was significantly (*P* \< 0.001) older (68.7 ± 9.3 years versus 62.7 ± 9.0 years) and did not vary significantly in gender (*P* = 0.16), axial length (*P* = 0.96) and refractive error (*P* = 0.28).
Table [1](#Tab1){ref-type="table"} and Fig. [3](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"} compares the mean thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band measured together in both groups at all locations. There was a similar trend, with the inferior quadrant exhibiting the thinnest thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band among all four quadrants in both groups; then were the temporal, superior and nasal quadrant successively; and the subfoveal thickness was the thickest. At each quadrant, the mean thickness of the Type 2 group was thinner than that of the Type1 group (*P* all \< 0.05).Table 1Average thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band measured together and 95% confidence Interval (CI) at different locations with line scans.SectorGroup Type 1Group Type 2Mean difference, μm95%CI, μm*P*MeanSD, μmMeanSD, μmLower boundUpper boundSubfoveal45.425.4043.566.64−1.86−3.45−0.270.022Superior44.074.3239.345.98−4.73−5.99−3.46\<0.001Inferior42.534.8137.607.12−6.01−6.56−3.30\<0.001Temporal43.014.9038.145.46−4.87−6.17−3.58\<0.001Nasal44.364.7639.436.71−4.93−6.49−3.38\<0.001Two layers were measured together (from the inner border of interdigitation zone band to the outer border of the RPE--BM complex).Figure 3Average thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band measured together and 95% confidence Interval (CI) at different locations (error bar shows the 95%CI).
For the Type1 group, the thickness of RPE--BM complex and the interdigitation zone band were measured separately. In total 170 cases, the mean age was 62.7 ± 9.0 years (median: 62 years; range: 50 to 87 years), mean refractive error (spherical equivalent) was −0.02 ± 1.86 diopters (median: 0.25 diopters; range: −5.38 to + 7.00 diopters), and mean axial length was 23.18 ± 1.06 mm (median: 23.12 mm; range: 19.94--26.47 mm).
The mean thickness of the RPE--BM complex at the foveal center was significantly (P \< 0.001) thicker (25.09 ± 3.98 μm; range: 17--37 μm) than that at 2.0 mm distant from nasally (23.65 ± 3.64 μm; range: 13--36 μm) and superiorly (23.34 ± 3.29 μm; range: 15--33 μm), where it was significantly (P \< 0.001) thicker than inferiorly (22.48 ± 3.29 μm; range: 14--34 μm) and temporally (22.44 ± 3.47 μm; range: 15--32 μm).
The mean thickness of the interdigitation zone band was significantly (P = 0.003) thicker in the foveal center (16.46 ± 2.92 μm; range: 10--27 μm) and in the nasal macular region (16.19 ± 2.69 μm; range: 10--26 μm) than in the temporal macular region (15.73 ± 2.68 . μm; range: 8--24 μm) and superior region (15.72 ± 2.70 μm; range: 6--25 μm), in which it was significantly (P \< 0.001) thicker than in the inferior macular region (14.84 ± 2.63 μm; range: 8--22 μm).
In univariate analysis, the foveal thickness of the interdigitation zone band was significantly associated with younger age (*P* = 0.050), level of education (*P* = 0.046), subfoveal choroidal thickness (*P* = 0.024); and marginal related to history of absence of hyperlipidemia (*P* = 0.088). (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}) It was not significantly (all *P* \> 0.05) associated with the systemic parameters of gender, body height, weight, rural region of habitation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum concentrations of glucose, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, cholesterol and triglycerides, presence of diabetes mellitus, smoking and alcohol consumption, aspirin intake and frequency of reported snoring, hypertension history; with the ocular parameters of best corrected visual acuity, axial length, refractive error, subfoveal retinal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, ocular perfusion pressure, corneal thickness, curvature and diameter, and pupil diameter (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}).Table 2Univariate associations between foveal thickness of the interdigitation zone band and ocular and general parameters.ParameterUnstandardized Coefficients (B)95% Confidence IntervalStandardized Coefficients (beta)P-Value**Systemic Parameters**Age (years)−0.05−0.10, 0.00−0.150.050Gender−0.34−1.23, 0.55−0.060.452Body Height (cm)0.03−0.02, 0.090.100.219Body Weight (kg)0.00−0.03, 0.040.150.844Rural/Urban Region0.17−0.72, 1.070.030.700Level of Education0.520.01, 1.030.160.046Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)0.01−0.01, 0.030.060.437Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)0.02−0.02, 0.050.070.393High-Density Lipoproteins(mmol/l)−0.14−1.35, 1.07−0.020.823Low-Density Lipoproteins(mmol/l)−0.03−0.61, 0.56−0.010.931Cholesterol (mmol/l)−0.06−0.60, 0.48−0.020.826creatinine (mmol/l)0.00−0.04, 0.040.000.994Triglycerides (mmol/l)−0.00−0.15, 0.14−0.000.962Glucose (mmol/l)0.11−0.33, 0.550.050.611Diabetes Mellitus0.40−1.19, 1.980.040.621Smoking−0.35−0.90, 0.20−0.100.209Alcohol Consumption0.03−0.20, 0.260.020.815Aspirin Intake0.66−0.31, 1.620.120.179Snoring−0.34−0.98, 0.29−0.090.284Hypertension history−0.71−1.60, 0.17−0.130.114Hyperlipidemia history−0.11−0.23, 0.02−0.130.088**Ocular Parameters**Refractive Error (D)0.04−0.20, 0.280.030.747Best Corr. Visual Acuity (logMAR)1.62−0.69, 3.940.120.168Axial Length (mm)−0.18−0.61, 0.26−0.060.419Centre Corneal Thickness (µm)0.00−0.01, 0.010.000.958Anterior Chamber Depth (mm)0.32−0.94, 1.580.040.620Lens Thickness (mm)−0.40−1.81, 1.01−0.050.578Corneal Curvature (mm)−0.62−2.39, 1.14−0.060.489Corneal Diameter (mm)0.16−0.34, 0.66−0.050.530Pupil Diameter (mm)−0.01−0.60, 0.59−0.000.985Ocular Perfusion Pressure (mmHg)0.02−0.13, 0.160.020.828Subfoveal choroidal thickness (µm)0.010.00, 0.010.170.024Subfoveal retinal thickness(µm)0.00−0.03, 0.030.020.852P-values were less than 0.05.
The multiple linear regression analysis (R^2^ = 0.274, condition index = 5.91) showed that subfoveal choroidal thickness (*P* = 0.025; beta: 0.17; B: 0.01 (95%CI: 0.00, 0.01) VIF = 1.12) and level of education (*P* = 0.033; beta: 0.16; B: 0.55 (95%CI: 0.05,1.06) VIF = 1.11) was also significantly related to the subfoveal thickness of interdigitation zone band. But age (*P* = 0.269 VIF = 1.14) and history of hyperlipidemia (*P* = 0.234 VIF = 1.12) were not significantly (P all \> 0.05) correlated with it (Table [3](#Tab3){ref-type="table"}).Table 3Multivariate associations between foveal thickness of the interdigitation zone band and ocular and general parameters.Parameter*P*-ValueStandardized Coefficient betaRegression Coefficient95% Confidence IntervalsVariance Inflation Factorsubfoveal choroidal thickness(μm)0.0250.170.010.00, 0.011.12level of education0.0330.160.550.05, 1.061.11R^2^ = 0.274, condition index = 5.91.
Discussion {#Sec4}
==========
In our population-based study with a relatively large study population, we found that the interdigitation zone band have two different types of the structures showed by the OCT; the interdigitation zone band and the RPE--BM complex in the type1 can be distinguished, but which in the Type 2 was merged. The present research also reveals that the cases of Type 2 were older than the type1. The differences of the thickness of the individual RPE--BM layers with age observed in the present study are mostly in concordance with previous studies^[@CR14]--[@CR16]^, and confirmed in a histomorphometric study by Bonilha VL^[@CR17]^, which demonstrated that several structural changes occur as the aging RPE, including loss of melanin granules, increase in the density of residual bodies and accumulation of lipofuscin, accumulation of basal deposits on or within Bruch's membrane, formation of drusen, and thickening of Bruch's membrane.
In present study, we also measured thickness of the interdigitation zone band in Type1 group, only this type of the interdigitation zone can be distinguish with RPE--BM complex. The results revealed that mean thickness was thickest in the foveal center (16.46 μm) and in the nasal region (16.19 μm), followed by in the temporal region (15.73 μm) and superior region (15.72 μm), and finally in the inferior section (14.84 μm). At the same time, the multiple linear regression analysis showed that subfoveal choroidal thickness (*P* = 0.025; beta: 0.17) and level of education (*P* = 0.033; beta: 0.16) was significantly related to the subfoveal thickness of interdigitation zone band.
These results was hard to be compared with other investigations, since only few research applied OCT technology for imaging of the interdigitation zone band, and even measured the thickness of the band. Staurenghi G and *et al*.^[@CR7]^ re-denominate the hyperreflective band above the RPE-BM complex in OCT images as interdigitation zone band recently, instead of the previous name of Verhoeff's membrane. Verhoeff's membrane has been described as the tight junctional complexes between RPE cells that are visible as a band on electron microscopy. While the hyperreflective zone lies anterior to the RPE complex and thus has been proposed to represent photoreceptor outer segment tips as its anatomic correlate^[@CR6],[@CR18]^. The present study also showed the band has a thickness (16.46 μm) greater than would be suggested by just the outer segment tips and may represent the interdigitation of the apical processes of the RPE with the cone outer segments. As such, stating the reflection is solely from the cone tips. The possible reasons for the differences of the quadrantal distribution in the thickness of the interdigitation zone band complex may be that velocity of the loss of cells and the accumulation of metabolic stains would be different.
In our study, the subfoveal choroidal thickness (*P* = 0.025; beta: 0.17) and level of education (*P* = 0.033; beta: 0.16) was significantly related to the subfoveal thickness of interdigitation zone band. Although there was few study to report the related factors of the interdigitation zone band; clinically, the finding of our study concerning the association between the subfoveal thickness of interdigitation zone band and thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness may be of interest since a thick SFCT has been reported to be associated with increased best corrected visual acuity after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, refractive error and ocular diseases^[@CR19]^. Future studies may address whether a thin subfoveal choroidal thickness in some eyes with destructive interdigitation zone band as compared to eyes with undamaged interdigitation structures is associated with a lower best corrected visual acuity in some retinal disease or after therapy.
Potential limitations of our study should be mentioned. First, a major concern in any prevalence study is nonparticipation. The Beijing Eye Study 2011 had a reasonable response rate of 78.8%, however, differences between participants and non-participants could have led to a selection artifact. Second, the present study is the relatively small sample size which randomly selected cases from epidemiologic research, and the fact that it was based on cross-sectional data rather than longitudinal data. Third, thickness of interdigitation zone band was examined only in the right eye of each study participant, so that inter-eye differences and their associations with inter-eye differences of other parameters could not be assessed. Fourth, as in any population-based study, our investigation included all eligible and participating subjects from the study region; thus, patients with diseases, such as disorders of the optic nerve and macula, and these diseases may have affected the thickness of interdigitation zone band; besides, some measurement was close to the spatial resolution limit of the OCT, manual measurement of thickness might be a source of error in results analysis. Future studies may address whether related diseases were associated with abnormalities of interdigitation zone band. Besides OCT, photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) can achieve multilayered histology-like imaging of the tissue surface, it may be another potential tool for future eye study^[@CR20],[@CR21]^.
In conclusion, the interdigitation zone band can be seen in two types; the type1 which can be distinguish with RPE--BM complex; and the Type 2 which merged with RPE--BM complex, the mean thickness of the interdigitation zone band in the foveal center was 16.46 ± 2.92 μm in elderly subjects with a mean age of 63 years. And it associated with the subfoveal choroidal thickness and level of education.
**Publisher\'s note:** Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Lei Shao and Qing Lin Zhang contributed equally to this work.
Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science (code: XDA01030000); "Baiqianwan" leading talent project funding support of Beijing Municipal Personnel Bureau; Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals' Ascent Plan(code:DFL20150201); Science & Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (code: Z151100001615052); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nr.81570891); Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (code: ZYLX201307); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nr. 81272981); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Nr. 7151003); Advanced Health Care Professionals Development Project of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau No. 2014-2-003. The priming scientific research foundation for the junior researcher in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (2016-YJJ-ZZL-009).
Lei Shao and Qing Lin Zhang wrote the main manuscript text and prepared figures and analyzed experimental result; Wen Bin Wei and Liang Xu designed experiments; Ling Xiao Zhou and Qi Sheng You carried out experiments. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
Competing Interests {#FPar1}
===================
The authors declare no competing interests.
| |
7 Fashion Blogger Outfits to Copy From Instagram This Week: NYFW Edition
The Insta-friendly outfits bloggers wore to New York Fashion Week.
In need of some fresh outfit inspiration? Check back each week as we round up styling tips to take from the best blogger outfits spotted on Instagram. Fresh off the New York Fashion Week scene, these were the Insta-friendly outfits worth recreating from the week. | https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/street-style/g7836/fashion-blogger-outfit-ideas-091616/ |
The invention relates to a connecting element for pressing in or embedding in a component, having a shaft which extends along a center longitudinal axis of the connecting element, wherein the shaft is provided with ribs extending in the radial direction relative to the shaft, and wherein the shaft has, at least in some portions, a polylobular cross-section, the circumference of the polylobular cross-section being convexly curved over the entire length thereof, being arranged between a circumscribed circle and an inscribed circle and, viewed in the radial direction, having regions with a larger radius and regions with a smaller radius, wherein, viewed along the center longitudinal axis, an angular position of the regions with a smaller radius and of the regions with a larger radius changes along the shaft. | |
The Great American Read has sparked a national conversation about reading and the books that have inspired, moved, and shaped us. You voted on 100 novels, which you can see on our The Great American Read playlist.
Here are the top ten best-loved novels in America, according to your votes.
#1 To Kill A Mockingbird
by Harper Lee
Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is a Pulitzer prize-winning masterwork of honor and injustice in the deep south—and the heroism of one man in the face of blind and violent hatred.
#2 Outlander Series
by Diana Gabaldon
Outlander is the first in this eight-book series. This landmark novel of Scottish lore has captured the hearts of millions of readers around the world and catapulted Gabaldon to the top of the New York Times best-seller list. Intrigue, danger and desire merge in this lush novel of loyalty and time travel.
#3 Harry Potter Series
by J.K. Rowling
J.K. Rowling’s beloved Harry Potter series continues to thrill readers, over two decades after the first installment was published. Join us in listening to the many adventures of Harry, Hermione, and Ron at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
#4 Pride and Prejudice
by Jane Austen
The provincial Bennet family, home to five unmarried daughters, is turned upside down when a wealthy bachelor takes up a house nearby. Mr. Bingley enhances his instant popularity by hosting a ball and taking an interest in the eldest Bennet daughter, Jane. Meanwhile, Mr. Darcy, Bingley’s even wealthier friend, makes himself equally unpopular by his aloof disdain of country manners. Yet he is drawn in spite of himself to the spirited and intelligent Elizabeth Bennet, who proves to be his match in both wit and pride.
#5 The Lord of the Rings Series
by J.R.R. Tolkien
The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King make up The Lord of the Rings series. Inspired by The Hobbit, and begun in 1937, The Lord of the Rings is a trilogy that Tolkien created to provide “the necessary background of history for Elvish tongues.” From these academic aspirations was born one of the most popular and imaginative works in English literature.
#6 Gone With the Wind
by Margaret Mitchell
As the lives and affairs of its absorbing characters play out against the tumult of the Civil War, Gone With the Wind reaches dramatic heights that have swept generations of fans off their feet.
#7 Charlotte’s Web
by E.B. White
E. B. White’s beloved book is a tender novel of friendship, love, life, and death that will continue to be enjoyed by generations to come.
#8 Little Women
by Louisa May Alcott
This adored classic of four devoted sisters was loosely based on Louisa May Alcott’s own life. Follow the sisters from innocent adolescence to sage adulthood, with all the joy and sorrow of life in between, and fall in love with them and this endearing story.
#9 The Chronicles of Narnia Series
by C.S. Lewis
Journeys to the end of the world, fantastic creatures, and epic battles between good and evil — what more could any reader ask for? The Chronicles of Narnia captivates fans with adventures, characters, and truths that speak to readers of all ages.
#10 Jane Eyre
by Charlotte Brontë
Jane Eyre, the plain yet spirited governess, introduced a new kind of heroine in literature-one whose virtuous integrity, sharp intellect, and tireless perseverance broke through class barriers to win equal stature with the man she loved. | https://blog.libro.fm/the-great-american-read-top-ten/ |
Prisonners of Chillon
Prisoners of Chillon is a dungeon crawler board game that focuses on randomly generated tiles. You and your friends play as prisoners whose sole goal is to escape the prison, avoid guards and possibly other players, only time will tell. Do you have what it takes to survive and escape?
The game is set in the dungeons of the Chateau de Chillon (theme imposed by the project's criterias). You play as members of a family who needs to escape the dungeons by finding your way to the key and then to the exit.
Team up with other players or explore alone, the key is not the only objective to win.
Prisonner of Chillon is a 4 player game, with games lasting anywhere between 30 mins to 1h depending on how cruel players are between each other.
Gameplay
The game starts with all characters in their cells on the starting tile.
Each round the players roll a dice which defines the amount of Action Points they have for the turn. Action Points lets you move spaces (-1 AP per space), place a tile (-3 AP per tile), draw an attack card (-1 AP once per turn) and use an attack card (cost in AP is written on the cards).
The goal for every players is to find the key and move to the exit door to win the game. Alternatively, if a player found some lockpicks he can try his luck at opening the exit door.
Different types of tiles
-
Cells: Starting Tile
-
Exit door: Ending tile
-
Chest room: Where the key is.
-
Question mark tile: if you land on this tile, draw a “?” card.
-
Trap tile: Miss a turn + a guard spawn next you forcing you to move next turn.
-
Chest: if you land on a chest, draw a chest card. You have a chance to loot lockpicks (which let you open the exit door by rolling 4 or higher), nothing or an attack card.
Guards
A guard appears when the Key is taken from the chest room or when a player step on a trap tile.
Guard(s) movement: They move tile by tile towards the nearest player. If the distance is the same between 2 players, the player with the key has priority aggro, if neither player’s do not have anything of value (Key/Lock picks) the player controlling the guard chooses who it moves towards.. The guards are moved by the player who spawns them in after each of their turn.
When a guard reaches the tile you’re on, he returns you back to your cell while the items you have gathered are returned to their original location.
Mugging
You can steal the key or lock picks from other players by landing on the same space as them. When trying to mug someone both players roll the dice, the player with the higher number roll wins. If the mugger wins he gets the key & lock picks, if the victim wins they keep their belongings and the mugger is knocked out and misses their next turn. | https://www.samuelmetters.co.uk/poc |
The whole school photo proof will be coming home next week. Once you have seen the photos below of this mammoth task, you will understand why we only do it once every 3 or 4 years!
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By Leanne Hays updated on 11/08/2018
I love using a thesaurus when I write, so the fact that this option has been missing from the Look Up feature in Safari has been a sore spot for me. With iOS 12 I'll no longer need a thesaurus app, because we can now add a thesaurus to Look Up on iPhone and iPad for free! Let's get started learning how to add a Thesaurus to Look Up, so we can find a synonym or antonym whenever we need one, and expand our vocabularies.
Related: How to Save a Web Page as a PDF on iPhone
Master your iPhone in one minute a day:
Sign up to iPhone Life's Tip of the Day Newsletter and we'll send you a tip each day to save time and get the most out of your iPhone or iPad.
To add a thesaurus to Look Up in iOS 12:
- Open the Settings app.
- Tap on General.
- Tap on Dictionary.
- Make sure that you have the American English thesaurus or the British English one checked.
- Now go to a Safari webpage and tap and hold a word you'd like to look up; tap Look Up on the menu when it appears.
- When you tap Dictionary, you'll see not only the definition of your word but also a thesaurus section with synonyms.
- Tap the thesaurus section under the definition, and you'll see the full entry, which also includes antonyms. | https://www.iphonelife.com/content/new-ios-12-how-to-add-free-thesaurus-to-look-your-iphone-ipad?utm_medium=rss&utm_source=all |
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Acronyms, Wikipedia.
machine language[mə′shēn ‚laŋ·gwij]
Machine Language
a programming language whose contents and rules are realized by the hardware of a digital computer. Machine language consists of a set of digital computer instructions and a method of coding information (initial data, results of computations) acceptable to the computer.
The symbols of machine language are binary digits (bits). As a rule, the symbols are grouped into constructs (morphemes), that is, addresses within instructions; operation codes; and instruction attributes. These instructions are compiled into programs which embody the algorithms for solving the problems at hand. The efficiency of computer solutions of various problems depends to a large extent on how well the machine language is suited for given algorithms. A program written in machine language (sometimes called machine code) must contain very specific instructions for performing each operation. Moreover, it is necessary to indicate exactly where each number is to be stored (the memory cell), how to convey and process the numbers, and where to store the results of the computations.
Programming in machine language is carried out in the digital computer’s instruction list; machine language is therefore useful in the creation of programs that extend the logical capabilities of the computer (such as operating systems, translators of algorithmic languages, routine libraries), and for the creation of programs that are limited in operation time and computer memory capacity. Some disadvantages of programming in machine language are that programs written for a digital computer of one kind are not suitable for a digital computer of another kind; it takes a long time to train programmers; and a programmer who has learned to program on one machine must be virtually retrained for programming on another machine. One of the trends of machine language development is toward a higher-level language, which would simplify translators of algorithmic languages.
A. V. GUSEV
machine language
machine languageThe native language of the computer. In order for a program to run, it must be presented to the computer as binary-coded machine instructions that are specific to that CPU family. Although programmers are sometimes able to modify machine language in order to fix a running program (see patch), they do not create it. Machine language is created by software called "assemblers," "compilers" and "interpreters." These conversion programs turn the programmer's source code, which is what the programmer writes, into machine language (machine code). See assembly language, compiler and interpreter.
Machine languages differ substantially. What may take one instruction in one machine can take 10 instructions in another. See RISC.
What and Where
Machine language tells the computer what to do and where to do it. When a programmer writes TOTAL = TOTAL + SUBTOTAL, that statement is converted into a machine instruction that tells the computer to add the contents of the two areas of RAM where TOTAL and SUBTOTAL are stored and put the result in TOTAL.
Logical vs. Physical
A programmer deals with data logically, "add this, subtract that," but the computer must be told precisely which RAM locations this and that are located.
From Source to Machine Language
For decades, the goal of a business organization has been to be able to describe a problem and have it turned into executable code (machine language). Today's programs are written in ever-higher layers of abstraction, and there are considerably more instructions executed to solve tasks than there were years ago. However, today's fast computers are able to absorb the huge amount of additional machine language and overhead required in modern computing environments (see abstraction layer). See hardware platform. | https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/machine+language |
This blog is designed to be a reflection of my inner mathematical monologue (ramblings). It will host discussions of: current research and open problems that are interesting to me, talks and seminars that I have given or attended, and various expository pieces (mostly related to number theory, p-adic geometry, knot theory, and low-dimensional topology).
given by . In fact, we can give an explicit analytic description of the resulting isomorphism using q-expansions: set , , , , and .
where indicates a fixed origin point on . A full proof of the Theorem can be found in Silverman’s second book on elliptic curves.
The ability to compute cohomological invariants of curves is one of the main applications of classical uniformization theories. So when one studies the –adic cohomology of –adic abelian varieties, a natural question that arises is if there exists an analogue of Theorem~1. Let be a complete non–archimedian field of residue characteristic with ring of integers and maximal ideal . If one tries to generalize the usual description of elliptic curves as the quotient of by some lattice, issues quickly arise. First of all, is totally disconnected with respect to its natural topology. So the notion of analyticity becomes more complicated. This issue is resolved by passing to the rigid–analytic, or more generally, the adic category. Additionally, when is mixed characteristic, does not contain non-trivial discrete subgroups. And when is of characteristic , then such subgroups may exist, but their quotients do not define Abelian varieties. The latter phenomena leads to the study of Drinfeld modules, which is an incredible subject in its own right (and I may dedicate a future blog post to it). Nevertheless, Tate’s insight was that contains non-trivial lattices: for any with , is a discrete subgroup in . So one might hope that the uniformization in Theorem~1 can be generalized to the –adic setting. This is indeed the case.
Theorem 2 (Tate) For each with , there exists an elliptic curve over such that is an isomorphism of rigid–analytic spaces. In particular, is an isomorphism for each algebraic extension of , which is –equivariant whenever is Galois over .
Proof: In fact, one defines using the same formula as in Theorem~1. The point being that and define –adically convergent series. The analytic structure of was originally formulated in terms of rigid–analytic spaces. Recall that . Then the rigid–analytification of is given by the base space together with the Grothendieck topology of admissible covers , where , denotes the maximal spectrum, and is the Tate algebra in two variables. Note that acts on the discontinuously via , so the quotient is a well defined rigid–analytic space covered by the images of and . One then shows that is isomorphic to . The full proof can be found in Tate’s article A review of non-Archimedean elliptic functions.
The situation for higher–dimensional abelian varieties is similar. Consider and note there exists a natural group homomorphism given by . We say that is a lattice in if is a lattice in . It can be shown that then has the structure of a rigid–analytic space that is also an abelian variety.
I do not intend to prove any results in this post, but for the sake of exposition as I work towards understaning Mochizuki’s –adic uniformization theory, I would like to review the uniformization of complex–analytic hyperbolic curves. There are three main ways to realize such curves as the quotient of a topological space by the action of some group that acts discontinuously. We will focus primarily on the first two uniformizations described below.
Let (resp. ) denote the upper–half plane (resp. hyperbolic 3–space), and denote (resp. ) by (resp. ) . Let be a –punctured genus curve over such that (i.e has negative Euler characteristic and admits a hyperbolic structure). A hyperbolic structure on is, by definition, a choice of an atlas on with transition maps . We take as fact that such a choice induces an isometry , where is the universal cover of .
is called the Fuchsian–Koebe uniformization of .
Similar to the case in two dimensions, one can show that .
where denotes the Handlebody obtained by attaching handles to a solid torus, and denotes the boundary surface of genus . Intuitively, the boundary components of are identified in pairs via the action of , and the base solid torus of manifests in the Poincaré extension of the –action to . Note that is compact, ergo closed. The hyperbolic metric on induces a hyperbolic structure on , so can be promoted to an isometry of Riemann surfaces. The description of as the quotient is called the Schottky uniformization of .
It turns out that every closed Riemann surface of genus admits a Schottky uniformization; however, the closedness condition excludes punctured surfaces. There is a way to handle surfaces with an even number of punctures, using so–called extended Schottky groups, but we will not discuss these here. Instead, we consider marked surfaces. This will allow us to relate the Fuchsian–Koebe and Schottky uniformizations on the level of covering maps and fundamental groups.
Bers (Simultaneous) Uniformization: We conclude this discussion by mentioning the Bers simultaneous uniformization Theorem, which looks similar to the Schottky uniformization, but applies to a compact Riemann surface that admits two hyperbolic structures and . We call a Kleinian group quasi–Fuchsian of type I if its limit set is equal to a –invariant Jordan curve.
where is the invariant Jordan curve of and indicates equipped with the hyperbolic structure .
The main observation towards proving such a result is that divides into two open discs and , each of which is conformally equivalent to . So it suffices to find Fuchsian groups and such that .
Lemma 1: If is an orientable hyperbolic 3–orbifold of finite volume, then has finitely many ends (i.e. cusp neighborhoods) and each end is isometric to , where is some quotient of the 2–torus . Moreover, the stabilizer subgroup of each cusp , generated by a pair of parabolics.
Before the correction, I had written that the cusp neighborhoods are isometric to . As the proof of the above Lemma implies, this is true if and only if the covering group does not contain torsion elements that fix the point at . The existence of such elements introduces interesting delicacies that are relevant to some of the problems I have been working on. In general, if there are elliptic elements that fix a cusp at , then the cusp is called rigid. This means that it cannot be deformed; and in particular, Dehn surgery cannot be performed (unless the cusp is ). We will explain and investigate these last statements in a later post when we discuss arithmetic knot complements (Cusps on Bianchi Orbifolds III).
Assume from here-on-out that is a Bianchi group. Then the number of cusps on is equal to the class number of , so there is always at least one cusp. In what follows we will show that the cusp cross sections of are tori unless . Moreover, unless , all cusp cross sections are non–rigid.
Lemma 2: If has finite order, then is an elliptic Möbius transformation.
Proof: Suppose for some positive integer . Observe that is not conjugate to a matrix of the form for some complex number since otherwise would be parabolic, hence have infinite order. So has two distinct fixed points on , therefore is conjugate to a marix of the form . It is an elementary group–theoretic fact that conjugates of torsion elements are also torsion, which implies that . It follows that is a root of unity, so is real and is less than . Since the square trace map is invariant under conjugation. and the trace is invariant up to multiplication by , we conclude that is elliptic.
The Dirichlet Unit Theorem implies that the group of units in any imaginary quadratic field has rank . Hence any unit in is a root of unity. It turns out that the existence of such elements is rare, as the following Lemma shows.
Lemma 3: contains a non-real root of unity if and only if .
Proof: The “if” direction is clear given the element and in . Conversely, suppose contains an –root of unity . Then contains the subfield , which is Galois of degree . Recall the fact that implies . In particular, one has for all primes dividing . It follows that (otherwise contains a subfield of strictly larger degree), and so . Now note if , then . We conclude that . When , then ; and when , . Any imaginary quadratic field containing (resp. or ) must also contain (resp. ), hence be equal to (resp. ) by comparing degrees.
Lemma 4: contains a non–identity element fixing if and only if .
Proof: Let and suppose is an element fixing . Observe that we can identify the point with in for any . Consider . It is easy to see that if and only if , so . Then since , hence is a unit. By Dirichlet’s unit Theorem, is necessarily a root of unity; and since by hypothesis, Lemma~3 implies . For future reference we note that these elements are and , respectively, where .
Theorem 5: The cusp cross sections of the Bianchi orbifold are tori unless . When (resp. ), the cusp cross section is a pillowcase (resp. ).
Proof: When , Lemma~4 shows that there are no torsion elements in that fix the cusp cross sections, hence each such cross section is a torus by Lemma~1. When , the unique tosion element fixing the cusp at is , which acts as on . In particular the action of on induces a degree two quotient map . So is a pillowcase, which has orbifold structure . This last statement can be seen directly by noting that stabilizes the group of –roots of unity in , and the successive pairwise dihedral angles of the corresponding lines in have cone angle . If , then fixes , where . Note that has order and that it permutes the third roots of unity in . Passing to we see that permutes the lines , which clearly have successive pairwise cone–angle . It follows that the cusp cross section in is topologically with three singular points of order , i.e .
Theorem 1: The cusp set of is in bijection with , viewed as a subset of . Moreover, the number of ends of is equal to .
is elliptic if and .
We are particularly interested in point stabilizers inside discrete subgroups of .
Definition 3: A Kleinian group (resp. Bianchi group) is a discrete subgroup of (resp. for some ). A hyperbolic orbifold is called a Kleinian orbifold (resp. Bianchi orbifold) if is commensurable with a Kleinian group (resp. Bianchi group).
Definition 4: Let be any number field with exactly one complex place and ring of integers . Suppose is a quaternion algebra over that is ramified at all real places and let be a –embedding. Then a subgroup of is an arithmetic Kleinian group if it is commensurable with some , where is an –order in and is its elements of norm 1.
The following Lemma can be found in Shimura or Maclachlan–Reid's book, and for brevity we state it without proof.
Lemma 5: Bianchi groups are arithmetic Kleinian groups.
Finite cyclic, a finite extension of generated by a parabolic or loxodromic element, or a finite extension of generated by a pair of parabolics.
The only delicate part about the above classification involves noting that any loxodromic element in is conjugate to a matrix of the form with . So if there were two loxodromic elements, they would be –translates of eachother, meaning that item (3) can only occur if the two summands are generated by parabolic elements.
Definition 6: A point is a cusp if its stabilizer subgroup contains a free abelian group of rank .
Note that we can always take to be one of the parabolic generators.
Lemma 7: Arithmetic Kleinian groups have finite covolume.
Lemma 8: If is an orientable hyperbolic 3–orbifold of finite volume, then has finitely many ends (i.e. cusp neighborhoods) and each end is isometric to , where is some quotient of the 2–torus . Moreover, the stabilizer subgroup of each cusp is of type above.
Since is torsion–free, is a manifold. In particular, the translations and , viewed as elements of , generate independent copies of in that intersect at a single point. In otherwords, they generate a copy of . By construction of the Poincaré extension of to , one sees that the stabilization locus of the in is isometric to . Yet again appealing to the Poincaré extension, it follows that the cusp neighborhoods in are isometric to .
Corollary 9: All Bianchi orbifolds have at least one cusp.
Then and are independent parabolic elements in . By Lemma~8 their stabilization locus is an end of .
In order to prove Theorem~1, it suffices now to prove the following Lemma. Recall that each can be described as a fraction , written in lowest terms, with . Recall also that elements can be described as equivalence classes of points in modulo the equivalence relation if and only if there exists such that . Since is a rank –module, every fractional ideal can be generated by a pair of elements. Let denote the equivalence class of ideals (in the class group of ) with reprepresentative the ideal .
Lemma 10: Let and be points in . Then there exists such that if and only if .
We conclude that , completing the proof.
The first few sections of this article are designed to provide precursory evidence and motivation for “arithmetic” analogues of Classical Floer (co)homology theories, with applications to number theory. The work is partially based on Minhyong Kim’s recent paper (mentioned in my last post), and partially inspired by my recent trip to AWS 2018. Later sections in the document are either informal or incomplete.
Since creating this site I faced a rather busy academic term, submitted grad school apps, and have been otherwise preoccupied with a project. There are several posts that I would like to write up as soon as time admits, especially one concerning Minhyong Kim’s paper titled Arithmetic Gauge Theory that was recently posted to the arXiv. Until then, adieu. | https://tynanochse.com/ |
I will be looking to create a Logo very shortly. I am not formally educated in this principle, where I am self learning through a variety of online resources.
Through my learning, I have come across the term 'Golden Ratio' and the 'Golden Spiral'. I have read and watched countless resources but my only taking is that the ratio is set at 1:1.618 and its purpose is to help inform the creation of something that is visually pleasing.
I understand how ratios and proportionality works. Where I am at a loss, is on where and how these ratios and spirals are integrated into the design process.
Due to not actually getting anywhere with my understanding, I thought I would look at some images that claim to abide by these ratios and spirals. Using Photoshop, I then placed the Spiral on top of the images as an overlay as follows ...
I understand the ratio of 1:1.618. When it comes to the Grid approach, would I be right in saying that each Box is simply in proportion of its adjacent Boxes by a ratio of 1.618? Does it matter where the Grids are and how many Boxes the image includes? For example, I could place many more Boxes within the Grid approach, as long as they follow the 1.618 ratio? Obviously, the more Boxes being added, the smaller they would have to be.
Assuming I have understood the Mathematics/Technicalities of the Golden Ratio Grid, I am still at a loss of its implementation. What exactly should I look out for and what would I need to ensure was in each Box for example.
That still leaves the question ... How does the Spiral work?
Maybe its just the frustrations within but it often seems to be that many resources try and make the Spiral fit an image rather than the Spiral informing the ideation and creative process.
Any clarification, on this, would be greatly appreciated since I am at a loss at its usage. | https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/118833/how-does-the-golden-ratio-spiral-work-is-it-useful-with-logo-design?noredirect=1 |
House for Sale Ras Osta Jbeil Building area 609 Sqm and Total Area Land 1050Sqm. The town of ( Ras Osta ) is about 4 km from Annaya and about 9 km from Jbeil. The house is located on a land with a total area of 1050 square meters. It is composed of a basement, on one side, and its area is about two hundred and ninety square meters. It is divided and closed from the outside. And ground floor area of about 228 square meters (divided: three bedrooms, three bathrooms, salon, kitchen and dining room) with back and front porches and a spacious outdoor patio. The first floor is about 125 square meters, its entrance is separate from the ground floor and it is divided into a large bedroom, bathroom, salon, kitchen and terrace. The property is of a very high classification, which can be used to construct a single floor apartment with an additional roof. View of the sea and Saint Maroun Monastery, Aannaya, where the body of Saint Charbel is located. | https://byblosestate.com/property/house-for-sale-ras-osta-jbeil-building-area-609-sqm-and-total-area-land-1050sqm/ |
Today, Claire is here to share a scrumptious recipe for some of my favorite bread… Banana Bread! So, let’s give Claire a warm welcome. And here’s Claire:
I’m so excited to be writing this, my first guest post. I check Krista’s fabulous blog regularly for all her wonderful craft and DIY ideas and delicious recipes. When she put out the call for guest posts of course I had to answer. Today I’m sharing my latest recipe for one of my favourite sweet treats – banana bread. I could eat it every day if bananas weren’t so expensive in this part of the world at the moment. I keep making it though to support the poor banana growers who had their crops devastated by the wild weather earlier in the year (ok that’s not the whole reason but it’s why I haven’t taken them off the shopping list despite their $10/kg + price tag).
This recipe is like a few that I have made except that it uses brown sugar instead of regular sugar. I think it made for a lovely rich flavour and the addition of nutmeg was just perfect. I’m a bit of a nerd in the kitchen. I like to measure everything out before I start. Not only does it make the baking process a lot easier, I don’t forget to add any vital ingredients.
Like most baking recipes, this one starts with beating together the sugar and butter until they are light and creamy.
Add the eggs, banana and vanilla to the bowl and keep mixing until everything is incorporated.
Spoon the batter into a baking paper lined loaf tin. When you line the tin, extend the paper over the sides a little so you can use them as handles to take the bread out of the tin when it’s ready. I made two little loaves as well just for fun. Bake the banana bread at 350F fan-forced for 55 – 60 minutes or until a skewer comes out clean. The little ones took about 20 minutes.
Let the baked bread rest in the tin for about 5 minutes before turning it out onto a wire rack to cool completely.
I usually toast my banana bread but this one was just as good un-toasted even a few days after baking. I spread mine with a little passionfruit butter. Enjoy!
Banana bread recipe from For the love of cooking
makes one loaf
- 1/2 cup of butter, softened
- 3/4 cup of brown sugar
- 2 eggs
- 2 1/3 cups of mashed overripe bananas (I used 4)
- 1 tsp vanilla
- 2 cups of flour
- 1 tsp baking soda
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 1/4 tsp salt
- 1/4 tsp fresh nutmeg, grated (I used ground nutmeg)
Preheat the oven to 350F fan-forced (175C) and grease and line a loaf tin so that the paper extends over the long sides.
In the bowl of an electric mixer, beat the butter and sugar together until smooth. Add the banana, vanilla and eggs to the bowl and mix until everything has been incorporated.
Mix the flour, baking soda and spices together in another bowl and then add them to the big bowl. Using a spoon, stir everything together gently until it is just combined. Don’t over-mix.
Spread the batter into the loaf tin and bake the bread for 55-60 minutes or until a skewer comes out clean and the top is golden.
Leave it in its tin to rest for 5 minutes before turning it out onto a wire rack to cool completely.
Serve toasted or fresh and spread with butter.
__________________________________________
Thanks for sharing with us, Claire! How delicious does that bread look?! Yum! Make sure you go check out all the other scrumptious recipes that live on Claire’s blog! And bookmark some of them to try. Thanks again, Claire. | https://www.whilehewasnapping.com/2011/07/guest-post-banana-bread-by-claire-k-creations/ |
Pages
9.28.2011
The last of the summer produce
Well, summer is officially gone, and with it goes my garden. I have to say I really lucked out with my first stab at growing real food in my own backyard. Every single thing I planted (well, except my doomed-from-the-start strawberries), whether from seed or started, flourished. My basil plant has pretty much taken over an entire corner of my garden and I'm guessing I harvested upwards of 30 cucumbers this summer. I've picked plenty of jalapenos and too many banana peppers to even count. The bush beans provided us with some really delicious late-summer side dishes. But the thing that surprised me most (mainly because I didn't even figure out what it was until August), was my watermelon plants.
Sure, the watermelon ship may have sailed for the summer and most people currently have pumpkins on the brain, but a couple of watermelons from the garden have finally matured and, boy, was it worth the wait.
The first watermelon we picked was a big boy, and I think we jumped the gun by a week or two. It still tasted good, but nothing about it blew me away. This second watermelon, however, is knocked me back a couple steps.
In a good way.
Ruby red, sugar-sweet and extra juicy, this watermelon is absolutely delicious. It's definitely not seedless, but I'll take the time to spit out the seeds (or, you know, swallow a few) to get to the mouth-watering fruit they grow.
I honestly can't believe how well these watermelons turned out. I was bracing myself for them to begin growing and just die prematurely, but they're turning out just fine. And even if they did come in a little late, it's better late than never, in my mind.
What was your biggest success/surprise in gardening this year? Any embarrassing failures? It's OK to share - we're all friends here!
| |
Officials said, VBN-6 black gram variety is highly resistant to yellow mosaic virus disease, a dreaded disease in summer black gram which affects the yield drastically, has synchronized flowering and pod setting and comes to harvest in 70 days. VBN 5 BG. Table of Contents. PDM 139 x BB 2664 (Culture : VGG 10 … Black gram (VBN-8) 50 50 % contribution from NFSM Intercropping systems (Groundnut with redgram) Red gram (VBN-3) 50 Increase the yield production and income Critical inputs for Integrated Farming systems - 5 100% contribution from HEELS NGO for promoting organic agriculture Crop protection Integrated pest and disease management VBN -8 Vignamungo var. 1650 The yield of Black Gram: Basically, Yield depends on the variety of seed selected and field management, with hybrid varieties it is possible to achieve yield from 800 kg -1100 kg /acre. Short duration, Determinate plant type with synchronized maturity, Resistant to yellow mosaic disease, stem necrosis and moderately, resistant to root rot. CO 8. This characteristic of the variety has encouraged the farmers to go for the variety. These genotypes were evaluated in three seasons (kharif 2007, rabi 2007 – 08 and kharif 2008) in a randomized block design Black gram. In rain fed conditions sowing commences in September and extends up to the middle of October as pure crop and inter crop. VBN 3. In irrigated conditions sowing commences in February. silvestris 22/10 The cultivated varieties of black gram [C06 and VBN8] were crossed with wild species Vignamungo var. to identify superior performing black gram genotypes in a range of environment and test the stability of performance. IC 597999. The materials used in the study included 10 cultures and 2 varieties (VBN 4 and ADT 3) as control. 1 Black Gram Cultivation (Urad Dal) Information: Technology Option 1 Black gram VBN 10 Source of the Technology TNAU, 2019 Technology Option 2 Blackgram VBN 11 Source of the Technology TNAU, 2020 Farmers Practice VBN6, VBN 8 , Local variety Parameter(s) for assessment Number of days to 50%flowering, Yield and BCR Critical inputs VBN 10 and VBN 11 black gram seeds Pulse wonder Cost per location ( Rs.) VBN 4. Raised in both irrigated and rain fed conditions. 268(E) / 28.01.2015. Silvestris 22/10. VBN 8 Black gram sowing using pulse marker Aplicación of 12.5 : 25 : 12.5 NPK and 10 kg S/ha Soil Application of MN mixture @ 7.5 kg/ha Pulse wonder foliar spray – 5 kg/ ha IDPM strategies Demonstration of ICM in Newly released TNAU Black gram variety VBN 8 5175 ha Demo – 10 Area – 0.4 ha Read: How to Prepare Garden Seedbed. 2.8-3.5 - 3.5 – 4.0 : 2.3 : Grain yield (kg/ha) Rainfed : 775 : 1100 : 978 : 500 kg/ha (Rice fallow) Irrigated : 878 - - Pod Colour at maturity : Brown : Black : Brown : Special features : Moderately resistant to powdery mildew and Yellow mosaic Indeterminate flowering : Moderatly resistant to yellow mosaic virus Studies were conducted in India to gain information on the field performance of pelleted seeds using Vitex and Calotropis leaf powders with Acacia and maida gum as adhesives in blackgram cv. S.O. COGG 923 X VC 6040A. 55 - 60-845. New crop Varieties, Farm implements and management technologies- 2011-Black gram VBN6 Parentage: VBN 1 x UK 17 . 2013. Seed pelleting with Calotropis or Vitex at 100 g/kg seeds using 15% maida gum and 30% Acacia gum, followed by drying enhanced physiological and yield parameters.
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Translation Exposure:
(This section follows an excellent treatment by Reid W. Click and Joshua
Coval, "The Theory and Practice of International Financial Management,"
Prentice Hall, 2002, Chapter 6)
The method prescribed by FASB-52 is known as the current rate method. Under this method, all assets and liabilities on the balance sheet are valued using the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the balance sheet statement. All items in the equity account are translated at their appropriate historical rates, which were in effect when they were originally posted to the balance sheet. This transfers the impact of the exchange rate to the equity account. Since all items are translated at the current rate, the net exposure is simply the difference between total assets and total liabilities, i.e. the equity account. This is the only account that is assumed to be a long-term investment at risk.
One problem with this approach is that this could cause extreme variability in the net income figure. If we assume that exchange rate changes are transient, this would unnecessarily give an impression of a volatile business. To avoid this, FASB-52 prescribes that translation gains and losses shoudl bypass the income statement and be accumulated in a separate equity account in the balance sheet, called a "cumulative translation adjustment." However, if the foreign business is sold or discontinued, then the translation gains and losses are recognized.
Consider the following example; for simplicity, in this example there are no additional retained profits from one year to the next and the balance sheet remains unchanged. This allows us to focus on the impact of exchange rate changes on the balance sheet, without worrying about the income statement.
The amount of translation exposure is, therefore measured simply as the difference between total assets and total liabilities.
How to deal with profits during the year:
As shown in the example above, the translation adjustments are accumulated over time, until an activity is sold or disposed of. Accountants, therefore, need to keep records on all the historical exchange rates at which the items in the capital account are translated. It should be clear, then, that to construct a balance sheet in home currency units, the only information required is the beginning-of-period balance sheet in home currency units and the beginning-of-period exchange rate, the period's retained earnings and the average exchange rate, and the end-of-period exchange rate.
In this case, a continuing translation exposure is created during the year, as the firm generates profits, which will be recognized in the income statement using an average exchange rate for the year, while they will be incorporated into retained earnings using the end-of-period exchange rate
Exceptions to the Principal Features of FASB-52
Case 1: In certain cases, foreign operations are considered not to be self-contained units. Here are two examples -- one, where a foreign operation that functions as just a sales office for the parent simply imports goods and sells them in the foreign market. In this instance, the operation is clearly an integral part of the parent's operations. The second case is that of re-export facilities located abroad. If the nature of the operation is to import inputs from the parent, perform some light manufacturing or assembling, and re-export finished products to the US, then the operation is considered an integral part of the parent's operations.
Case 2:If a firm's operations are located in highly inflationary countries, then the local currency is not a very effective functional currency. Revenues and costs measured in such a local currency and translated into dollars using a given exchange rate are unlikely to reflect the true dollar value of operations.
In these two cases, FASB-52 provides for translation of the financial statements using the temporal method, in which all monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate and non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical exchange rates. The main difference between this method and the monetary/nonmonetary method is that inventory is considered a monetary asset if it is valued on the balance sheet at market value but is considered a non-monetary asset if it is value at historical cost.
The main implication is that foreign exchange gains or losses associated with monetary assets and liabilities are considered to have an important impact on the parent company's value, and they recorded in the income statement as they occur. In the case of an inflationary country, it would again not make sense to carry translation losses in a "temporary" account in the balance sheet, since they are not really temporary -- the local currency would be expected to consistently depreciate. In these two cases, currency gains and losses are considered imoprtant components of doing business in a given time period, and are therefore to be realized as they occur.
Leading and Lagging:
Used for:
Netting:
Exposure netting does not involve actual netting. Rather, if there is the potential for actual netting, then there is no real exchange exposure, whether or not the netting is actually done.
Hedging can be done through selective use of the invoice currency. Thus, if invoicing is done in the stronger currency (or the home currency, as may be relevant), there is no exchange rate exposure.
Reinvoicing Center:
Transactions Exposure
Operating Exposure
This note is based, partially, on Eugene Flood and Donald R. Lessard,
“On the Measurement of Operating Exposure to Exchange Rates: A Conceptual
Approach,” Financial Management, Spring 1986.
Information re contractual exposure can be found in the firm’s
financial statements – not so, operating exposure. The exposed items
are future revenues, costs, and profits.
The impact of the firm’s competitive position on its operating
exposure:
Market structure will determine:
Currency Habitat:
Assume Perfect Competition and Law of one price.
Assume the lumber industry.
Suppose the marginal producers and consumers are in the US; then the US$ will be the natural currency. If the Canadian currency depreciates 10%, the US$ price will remain constant; the Canadian price will have to increase 10% because the dollar revenue from any sale will have to remain the same; the dollar price must remain the same. Hence the Canadian price times the exchange rate must remain the same. If the C$ depreciates, for this to happen, the Canadian price must rise. Thus, even if you had a company that invoiced in C$ and sold to Canadian customers, it would have no exchange rate exposure.
In the above two cases, the natural currency price is not affected by
the exchange rate change. Both marginal producers and consumers are in
the same country and the exchange rate is extraneous to the determination
of the natural currency price. Now, however, let us consider a case where
supply/demand elasticities are relevant.
Note that in this case, the depreciation in the C$ causes the Canadian $ price to rise, but it will not rise by the same amount as the depreciation. The quantity sold will drop, as well. Whether the revenue will rise or drop will depend on the price elasticity of demand.
In the figure above, the supply curve remains constant because it is presented in US$. However, the demand curve will change. At each US$ price, the C$ price is higher, hence the amount demanded by Canadians will be lower. In this case, the price in US$ will drop; however, the price drop will be less than the percentage depreciation in the Canadian $.
The net result, therefore, depends on two factors: one, the extent to
which the law of one price holds, and two, the relevant demand/supply
elasticities.
This can be seen in the following table. The y-axis indicates the extent of application of the law of one price. The upper half indicates contexts where the law of one price holds to a lesser extent, and hence firms face local-currency denominated marginal revenue curves.
The x-axis indicates the marginal pricing factor. This reflects the relative importance of producer cost and consumer demand considerations that depend on, inter alia, the competitive structure of the industry, the price elasticity of demand, the range of complements and substitutes and the relevant cross-elasticities, and the structure of costs. This last refers to operating leverage. If operating leverage is high, marginal considerations are less important and pricing is dictated primarily by demand considerations. Alternatively, we can think of the marginal pricing factor as indicating situations where supply elasticities are more important that demand elasticities, while at the right end of the axis, the reverse is true.
Suppose we have a US firm selling luxury cars in France. If we accept the assumption that luxury car pricing is likely to be local and does not respond to international effects, exchange rate fluctuations are not likely to affect local pricing to any great extent. This may be, for example, because local firms will not respond to exchange rate driven changes in operating costs. Furthermore, because of the cost structure of the car industry, local demand considerations will be paramount in pricing. Hence, even if the local currency depreciates, the US firm is likely to have to keep the local price constant. As a result, the currency depreciation will flow through, pretty much, to the revenues of the US firm.
On the other hand, the local price of oil is likely to adjust to worldwide
impacts in oil prices. | http://webpage.pace.edu/pviswanath/class/649/notes/exchangerate_exposure.html |
Q:
In Call of Cthulhu, what would you roll to search a room?
In a Call of Cthulhu adventure, a particular clue is concealed in a room.
In Trail of Cthulhu, you'd spend a point of Evidence Collection. What would you do in Call of Cthulhu?
The rules I have are 2nd edition, but I'm also interested to hear how other editions handle it.
Note: I don't really need advice on what to do if the roll fails, thanks.
A:
Spot Hidden Object?
And it is definitely problematic if the vital clue's acquisition hinges on a die roll.
A:
It depends on the characters involved!
If the clue is in a desk, and someone searches the desk, there should be no roll to 'find' the clue. You may however require a roll of accounting, anthropology, luck, or any other relevant skill to notice the significance of a particular sheaf of paper. The desk isn't empty aside from clues, right?
If the clue is hidden in a secret closet behind a bookshelf, you could use spot hidden, or carpentry, or architecture.
If the clue is the fact that something moved since a character's last visit, you could have them roll spot hidden, luck or know. If the clue is a painting that's been replaced with a fake, you could require an Art roll.
Etcetera.
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The invention discloses a pharmaceutical fungus residue drying dynamic self-adjusting system and a control method. The pharmaceutical fungus residue drying dynamic self-adjusting system comprises a feeding conveying unit, a TSP host power adjusting unit, a solid-gas separating unit, a material returning conveying unit, a discharging control unit and a humidity detecting unit. The feeding conveyingunit controls the feeding speed according to the material humidity; the TSP host power adjusting unit adjusts host power according to the feeding speed, the material humidity and the suspended particle concentration; the solid-gas separating unit controls the separation speed according to the material suspension particle concentration; the material returning conveying unit adjusts the conveying speed according to the solid-gas separation speed; the discharging control unit controls the discharging speed of a discharging machine according to the material humidity; and the humidity detecting unit detects the humidity in real time through the humidity sensor. According to the pharmaceutical fungus residue drying dynamic self-adjusting system and the control method, the suspended particle concentration of a circulating drying material can be controlled, wall sticking and scarring which are caused by too high suspended particle concentration and energy consumption waste caused by too low concentration are avoided, the mushroom residue drying efficiency is improved, and the running power consumption of a host is reduced. | |
Labyrinth: A Novel Based On The Jim Henson Film is the novelization of the film of the same name by ACH Smith, which was first published in the USA by Henry Holt to tie-in with the film's release in June 1986. A UK edition of the book was published by Virgin Books in late 1987 to tie-in with the film's release in the region.
Editions of the book were published in numerous languages, including French, German, Italian, Spanish and Japanese.
The novelization is currently out of print, but has been transcribed and can read here. In January 2014, Archaia announced that the novelization would be republished in April 2014 with new supplementary content.
Back Cover Synopsis (USA Edition)
What happens when you wish for something terrible... and your wish comes true? Young Sarah is about to find out. Left at home to mind her baby brother, Toby, she finds herself trying to comfort a screaming infant as a wild storm rages about the house. In a fit of temper, she wishes that the ghoulies would come and take the child away. Unfortunately, they do.
Sarah then plunges into a whirlwind adventure. If she cannot reach the center of the mysterious Labyrinth within thirteen hours, Jareth; King of the Goblins - will keep Toby forever. In the twists and turns of her dangerous journey to Jareth's castle, she meets an extraordinary variety of strange characters, some more friendly than others. But none of them will be able to help her unless she musters the courage to challenge Jareth - no matter what the odds.
Jim Henson, creator of the Muppets and director of Labyrinth, has joined with executive producer George Lucas to take us once again on a fascinating journey into a fantastic world. Labyrinth has been produced by Eric Rattray; the executive supervising producer is David Lazer. Illustrator Brian Froud is the conceptual designer, and the screenplay by Terry Jones is based on a story by Jim Henson and Dennis Lee, A Lucasfilm Ltd./Henson Associates, Ltd. Production, The movie is distributed by TriStar Pictures.
ACH Smith, who is also the author of The Dark Crystal and Lady Jane, has captured all the excitement and poetry of a brilliant film in this riveting novel.
Back Cover Synopsis (UK Edition)
Everything is unfair. No one understands her. She is alone in a friendless world. This is how young Sarah feels when she is left behind yet again by her father and hated step-mother to look after her baby brother Toby. Outside a storm is raging, inside Toby is screaming his head off; in a fit of temper, Sarah wishes the goblins would come and take him away. Unfortunately, they do.
Suddenly, Sarah is plunged into a whirlwind adventure. She must get Toby back from the centre of the mysterious labyrinth within thirteen hours - or else, Jareth, king of the goblins, will keep him forever. The journey is long and dangerous, and the odds are stacked against her. Can she rise to the first real challenge of her young life?
A.C.H. Smith, author of numerous novels and plays, including The Dark Crystal, has recreated all the excitement and magic, and has brought to life all the weird and wonderful charecters of a brilliant film in this riveting novel.
Differences from the Film
While largely faithful to the events of the film, the novelization features some notable differences. These include-
- The insertion of dialogue and/or non-musical scenes to replace sequences that featured Bowie's songs in the film. The scene that replaces the Magic Dance sequence includes a passage describing Jareth's ennui and general dissatisfaction with his position as Goblin King. The ballroom scene in the novelization has Jareth attempt to kiss Sarah, who is said to be "suffused by disgust" by the other dancers and wrenches herself away from him.
- Added background information on Sarah's family, most significantly an explanation of the absence of Sarah's mother Linda and scenes that feature both Linda and her boyfriend Jeremy.
- An expanded version of the scene where Sarah is faced with the two door knockers. In the novelization, Sarah first takes the door with the knocker that has the ring through its ears, and finds herself in a flower filled forest that resounds with the laughter of birds, trees and flowers. Sarah starts to laugh as well, but soon realizes that her laughter is uncontrollable and is starting to cause her pain. She summons the strength of will to leave, and takes the other door which leads into a grey, dank forest that appears to be formed of bones. The forest of bones eventually leads into the firey forest Sarah enters in the film.
- When Sarah returns home after defeating Jareth, it is ambiguously noted that "tears were trickling down her cheeks". | https://labyrinth.fandom.com/wiki/Labyrinth_(Novelization) |
Skillful, sophisticated translations of two of Nietzsche's essential works about the conflict between the moral and aesthetic approaches to life, the impact of Christianity on human values, the meaning of science, the contrast between the Apollonian and Dionysian spirits, and other themes central to his thinking.The Birth of Tragedy (1872) was Nietzsche's first book, The Geneology of Morals (1887) one of his last. Though they span the career of this controversial genius, both address the problems such as the conflict between the moral versus aesthetic approaches to life, the effect of Christianity on human values, the meaning of science, and the famous dichotomy between the Apollonian and Dionysian spirits, among many themes which Nietzsche struggled throughout his tortured life.
Preeminent American philosopher and educator John Dewey (1859-1952) rejected Hegelian idealism for the pragmatism of William James. In this collection of informal, highly readable essays, originally published between 1897 and 1909, Dewey articulates his now classic philosophical concepts of knowledge and truth and the nature of reality. Here Dewey introduces his scientific method and uses critical intelligence to reject the traditional ways of viewing philosophical discourse. Knowledge cannot be divorced from experience; it is gradually acquired through interaction with nature. Philosophy, therefore, has to be regarded as itself a method of knowledge and not as a repository of disembodied, pre-existing absolute truths.
A "lively...generously illustrated" (Washington Post Book World) survey of how, over the past four thousand years, religious leaders, artists, writers, and ordinary people in the West have visualized Hell-its location, architecture, purpose, and inhabitants. Illustrations; full-color inserts.
As a young Florentine envoy to the courts of France and the Italian principalities, Niccol Machiavelli (1469-1527) was able to observe firsthand the lives of people strongly united under one powerful ruler. His fascination with that political rarity and his intense desire to see the Medici family assume a similar role in Italy provided the foundation for his "primer for princes." In this classic guide to acquiring and maintaining political power, Machiavelli used a rational approach to advise prospective rulers, developing logical arguments and alternatives for a number of potential problems, among them governing hereditary monarchies, dealing with colonies and the treatment of conquered peoples. Refreshing in its directness, yet often disturbing in its cold practicality, The Prince sets down a frighteningly pragmatic formula for political fortune. Starkly relevant to the political upheavals of the 20th century, this calculating prescription for power remains today, nearly 500 years after it was written, a timely and startling lesson in the practice of autocratic rule that continues to be much read and studied by students, scholars and general readers as well.
Influenced in part by the dialogical philosophies of Franz Rosenzweig and Martin Buber, Totality and Infinity departs from the ethically neutral tradition of ontology to analyze the face-to-face relation with the Other. First published in English by Duquesne in 1969, this has become one of the classics of modern philosophy. Fully indexed.
The first novel of Sartre's monumental Roads to Freedom series, The Age of Reason is set in 1938 and tells of Mathieu, a French professor of philosophy who is obsessed with the idea of freedom. As the shadows of the Second World War draw closer -- even as his personal life is complicated by his mistress's pregnancy -- his search for a way to remain free becomes more and more intense.
Using path-breaking discoveries of cognitive science, Mark Johnson argues that humans are fundamentally imaginative moral animals, challenging the view that morality is simply a system of universal laws dictated by reason. According to the Western moral tradition, we make ethical decisions by applying universal laws to concrete situations. But Johnson shows how research in cognitive science undermines this view and reveals that imagination has an essential role in ethical deliberation.Expanding his innovative studies of human reason in Metaphors We Live By and The Body in the Mind, Johnson provides the tools for more practical, realistic, and constructive moral reflection.
Drawing freely and expertly from Continental and analytic traditions, Richard Bernstein examines a number of debates and controversies exemplified in the works of Gadamer, Habermas, Rorty, and Arendt. He argues that a "new conversation" is emerging about human rationality--a new understanding that emphasizes its practical character and has important ramifications both for thought and action.
A delightful book ... I should like to have written it myself. -- Bertrand Russell
First published in 1936, this first full-length presentation in English of the Logical Positivism of Carnap, Neurath, and others has gone through many printings to become a classic of thought and communication. It not only surveys one of the most important areas of modern thought; it also shows the confusion that arises from imperfect understanding of the uses of language. A first-rate antidote for fuzzy thought and muddled writing, this remarkable book has helped philosophers, writers, speakers, teachers, students, and general readers alike.
Mr. Ayers sets up specific tests by which you can easily evaluate statements of ideas. You will also learn how to distinguish ideas that cannot be verified by experience -- those expressing religious, moral, or aesthetic experience, those expounding theological or metaphysical doctrine, and those dealing with a priori truth. The basic thesis of this work is that philosophy should not squander its energies upon the unknowable, but should perform its proper function in criticism and analysis. | https://www.magersandquinn.com/?cPath=40&page=2 |
The first thing I do every morning at my Sicilian house is open the front door, front wooden shutters and the iron gate. This is both practical and symbolic. I want to let in all of Sicily. To quote Rosalind Russell in the production of “Mame,” “life is a banquet and most people are starving.”
Sicily is the banquet I have been waiting for my whole life. She has been waiting for me and I have finally let her in. Maybe I never had a soul and didn’t realize it, although I don’t think that that is the case.
She has entered my soul. Some days it enters with the smashing of the waves; other days it enters with the gentleness of a quick waft of a breeze – not to be felt again for hours…
Anyway, this am on the marble threshold that keeps my perimeter, “A Casa di Angela” from the rest of the world, there was a very dead bumblebee on its back being consumed by ants – lots of ants. The location of this bee’s demise was near the hinge of the gate. I made note to pay attention – I didn’t have time to think about the bee as I had a busy couple of hours ahead of me. I first had to “prendere café” with my neighbor and her huge dog, Hugo, a Corso. Then I had to “fare un bagno” in the sea, then I had to have coffee again with another friend in a different summer community – about a 10 min walk.
Upon my return, the ants had decided that the bee was no longer an item of interest; they moved along to find another succulent morsel. However, this bee, which measured 3 x 1 cm (1-1/4 inches x ½ inches), was moved about 14 inches. Yes, I did get out my very simple tape measure. Fourteen inches! When I considered the size of these ants and how many it took to move the dead bee 14 inches, it gave me pause.
How many ants moving me how many inches did it take for me to get to Sicily? | https://angelinavagabonda.com/birds-and-bees/ |
CU Boulder researchers are developing new techniques for faster, more cost-effective single-molecule DNA sequencing that could have transformative impacts on genetic screening, paving the way for advances in vaccine development, early cancer detection and organ transplants.
The new methods—one of which is based in nanoscale quantum electronics and one in optics—could one day allow a person to sequence his or her genome in under two minutes using simple equipment, said Prashant Nagpal, an assistant professor in CU Boulder’s Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering.
“We are exploring unique methods of providing accurate, useful genetic information faster and cheaper,” said Nagpal.
DNA sequencing, which determines the precise order of nucleotides contained in biological molecules, can be used to map individual genes or entire genetic regions. Since its inception in the 1950s, sequencing has been incorporated into medicine, evolutionary biology and other bioscientific fields, all while increasing in speed and processing power by entire orders of magnitude.
Nagpal describes his new research as a timely reimagining of a technology that has existed for decades, but has run up against fundamental limitations in recent years.
“The human genome consists of over 3 billion DNA base pairs,” said Nagpal. “Currently, sequencing relies on sampling 20 to 30 of these pairs at a time, which is good to have, but can only tell you so much.”
The current sampling method, Nagpal says, opens the possibility for replication errors in the larger data set that might overlook fine-grain markers in a person’s genetic profile. Single-molecule sampling, he says, offers a more accurate picture.
Nagpal and his team turned to quantum electronics for the solution. They send a small charge through a DNA or RNA molecule, and record measurements of all nucleotides in single-molecules. The sequence identified the nucleotides with 99.7 percent accuracy, up from 80 percent achieved by other nanotechnology methods.
The advances in quantum-based sequencing were described recently in the journals ACS Nano and Journal of the American Chemical Society. The W.M. Keck Foundation provided support for all the single-molecule sequencing research.
Nagpal has also been developing an optics-based method for single-molecule sequencing that uses a diode laser and a camera comparable to that of an average smartphone to rapidly identify nucleotide sequences. Because of its unique physical properties as both a particle and a wave, light is a nimbler means of gathering information and transmitting it in compressed form.
In a paper published in the journal Small, Nagpal and his colleagues demonstrated a high-throughput sequencing method can be massively parallelized using a two-millimeter chip array that can take seconds instead of hours.
“With this block sequencing method, you don’t need to even sequence on the level of single letters like A, C, G and T,” said Nagpal. “You can extrapolate the same information faster, similar to how you watch a compressed version of a movie on YouTube or Netflix.”
The research is still in the early stages, and Nagpal says that the next step would be to apply the sequencing methods to more complex bacterial samples. In the future, he envisions a portable DIY sequencing kit that would cost around $1. A person could take a DNA swab, put it onto the microchip and wait 100 seconds to receive data that could reveal potentially risky genetic markers for cancer, for example, or provide crucial information for doctors attempting to match organs to transplant recipients.
“At scale, the potential applications are tremendous,” said Nagpal. “From identifying antibiotic resistance to accelerating drug discovery, improvements in the speed and accuracy of sequencing could be transformative to many scientific fields.”
Other co-authors on these single-molecule sequencing methods include Lee Korshoj, Sepideh Afsari, Manjunatha Sagar, Gary Abel and Assistant Professor Anushree Chatterjee, all of CU Boulder’s Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. | https://www.colorado.edu/today/2017/11/29/rapid-cost-effective-genetic-screening-within-reach |
Difference between revisions of "Marketing Team/Events/Olin Play Session"
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m (moved April 17 Olin Play Session to Marketing Team/Events/Olin Play Session: cluster all event together)
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Revision as of 13:19, 31 August 2009
On April 17th I will meet for about 2 hours at Olin with a group of Olin students and others who are interested in volunteering for Sugar Labs and learning more about Sugar. On April 18th, Sugar Labs will have Sugar available in the computer lab at the Waltham YMCA as part of Healthy Kids Day. The goal of this session is to work on ways of deepening the learning experience during informal unstructured exploration of Sugar and Sugar Activities.
Specifically, the goal is to generate artifacts for Sugar Activities that will help adults facilitate children in learning as they explore with the Activity in an informal context.
The exercises in this meeting plan were inspired by the Dative Driven Dialogue book by Wellman and Lipton (2004).
Contents
Start - Introductions (10 minutes)
Explain the scenario we are preparing for. 5 minutes
We will demoing Sugar at “Healthy Kids Day” at the Waltham YMCA the following day. The purpose of this meeting is to prepare for this event and other events where we introduce Sugar to parents and kids.
Brainstorm and Pass
Activating and Engaging Stage
Do a quick Brainstorm and Pass as a warm up for the group and to “Activate and Engage” the group. 15 minutes
Topic: What are potential positive outcomes and learning goals for the Healthy Kids Day event.
- Pick a Recorder
- Start to the Right of the Recorder
- Each person can give one idea or pass
3 Minutes of Brainstorming.
Exploration and Facilitation Experiences
Exploring and Discovering Stage
Next break into pairs/groups of 3. We will need an even number of small groups so some “Pairs” may have 3 people.
Each Pair will have 10 minutes to explore a Sugar activity together.
Pair then Pair up. One pair plays the role of Sugar explorers (they are on the computers) the other plays the role of the adult facilitators.
The explorers now use the activity that the facilitators have just explored in the previous section. The facilitators can make comments and guide the explorers. They should also take notes about what they see the explorers doing and learning.(10 Minutes)
Switch roles. (10 minutes)
Round the Room and Back Again Transition to Organizing and Integrating
Before break have everyone write down one thing that they did, or a facilitator who was working with them did, that seemed deepen the learning experience.
Leave your paper and pencil at your seat and go around the room listening to other ideas and taking a break.
Go back to whole group.
Write down all the other peoples examples of things facilitators did that you can remember.
Go around the room collecting one ideas.
Next write down next to each idea, in what is learned and/or what domain the learning is in.
Activity, Learning and Facilitation Web
Organizing and Integrating Stage
We will make facilitators Guides based on the Idea, Category and Web exercise.
Center box is Activity Name Circles are learning domains the Web details are things a facilitator might say to facilitate that learning.
The whole group should discuss if there are themes we saw from the Round the Room and Back around Learning Domains. Such as “how to use the activity” and if there are ones that we want to give serious consideration to.
Do a sample chart on “Sugar” as a whole.
Break back into the groups of 4 and create two Facilitator Webs, one for each activity they worked with.
Walk Around Time
Walk around and see other people’s posters.
Home Work
There are two homework assignments for the group to split up. | http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/index.php?title=Marketing_Team/Events/Olin_Play_Session&diff=prev&oldid=36257 |
16 November 2006,
New York
Price realised USD 240,000
Estimate
USD 200,000 - USD 300,000
Robert Rauschenberg (b. 1925)
Georgia on My Mind
signed and dated 'RAUSCHENBERG 98' (lower left)
vegetable dye transfer on polylaminate
61 x 42 in. (154.9 x 106.7 cm.)
Executed in 1998. | http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/lot/robert-rauschenberg-georgia-on-my-mind-4804004-details.aspx?intObjectID=4804004 |
PURPOSE: An apparatus for controlling illumination intensity of car headlight is provided to control DESIRED BRIGHTNESS by manipulating the operation button for voltage control.
CONSTITUTION: The battery(110) provides the direct current voltage to the automotive headlight(100). The automotive headlight has the function of safely driving a car at the nighttime. The manipulation part(120) includes the buttons which generates the multi-stage control signal by the command of the user which confirms the luminance of the automotive headlight. The multi-stage control signal is generated through lots of the buttons. According to the multi-stage control signal from the manipulation part, the controller(130) generates the voltage control signal. According to the voltage control signal from a controller, the upper transform(140) boosts voltage to the voltage. The upper transform includes the direct current/ac converter(142) and AC to DC converter(144).
COPYRIGHT KIPO 2010 | |
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You can also consult our helpdesk.
Kolan Simuni Otok Pag
23251 PagDalmatia
We have selected for you the various modes of transport available to take you to your holiday destination. So now you can prepare for your holiday with total calm. Don't forget, our teams welcome you to the campsite on the day of your arrival between 4pm and 7pm. Set off with peace of mind!
44°27'54" N 14°58'04" E
Pag : 11km
Zadar : 35km
Arrivals are from 3 pm to 7 pm. On arrival, please go directly to the Homair reception. Departures are after the inventory inspection between 8 am and 10 am.
Kolan Simuni Otok Pag
23251 PagDalmatia
Reception hours
Peak season: 07:00 - 23:00
Low season: 08:00 - 20:00
Spoken languages
Access for persons with reduced mobility (except for the accommodations)
Car not needed
Update your browser to view this website correctly. | https://www.homair.com/en/campsite/simuni/useful-informations |
The pictures this week are partly from my cycling in the mountains and partly from my daily goings-on in Alicante. A common theme is light and clouds. In the summer the sky is blue and boring; in the winter there are clouds and more interesting effects. At the end of the week my daughter came to visit from Cardiff.
7_1
Last week I showed some abandoned construction projects. This week I continue the abandonment theme. On the way to the Puerto de la Carrasqueta mountain pass there is an abandoned petrol station, and during my last bike ride up there I stopped to explore it photographically:
7_2
Pumps:
7_3
Window:
7_4
Interior:
7_5
The toilets:
7_6
The wall:
7_7
Door:
7_8
Another cycling picture, this time from a convenience store near Elche where I usually stop for a drink:
The next several images are all about light and clouds.
7_9
A windy day on Playa Muchavista:
7_10
View of the mountains from Playa Muchavista:
7_11
Cloudy sun, Playa Muchavista:
7_12
Cabo de las Huertas, illuminated by the setting sun on my way home from work:
7_13
Same scene in monochrome:
7_14
Looking the other way, towards Alicante, from the same spot:
7_15
This is a view of the street where I live, looking north as I walk Cheeta in the morning:
7_16
Winter sunrise in my neighbourhood:
7_17
Another winter sunrise in more or less the same spot:
7_18
This week I “discovered” a new great watering hole, just a few km from my house, the Eden Bar in El Campello. Good beer selection and four TVs showing sports. The man here is watching Six Nations rugby:
7_19
And these people are watching the Chelsea vs. Manchester United Premier League match, which was also my reason for going to the bar:
7_20
Continuing with the Six Nations theme, here are two colleagues toasting during an impromptu celebration at the office. Ruth is Irish and Chris is Welsh:
7_21
On Friday, mid-morning, I found myself in the arrivals lounge of Alicante airport. Monica was coming home from Cardiff for the weekend:
7_22
I took my little girl for lunch in the city:
7_23
And a bit later, reunion at home:
7_24
Taco is very much Monica’s cat. Of course he loves us all, but he loves her just a bit more, I think:
7_25
Monica spent much of the weekend just relaxing with us at home. And this was precisely the purpose of the trip: | http://www.fotocycle.dk/paws/?page_id=1560 |
What are the guidelines and principles in baking?
What are the guidelines and principles in baking?
10 Basic Rules of Baking
- Read your recipe. Before you even start adding things to your mixer, read your recipe all the way through.
- Do the research.
- Avoid distractions.
- Check your ingredients.
- Check your utensils.
- Follow the instructions.
- Preheat the oven.
- Make accurate measurements.
How does the principles of baking affects the quality of baking?
Explanation: because Principles of Baking transforms ingredients, causing them to change form, alter their structure and produce texture and flavor.
Why is it necessary to know and understand the basic principles of baking?
Only when you truly understand the basic principles, you are able to control your products. If you like your bread look browner, you need to put more sugar in it. If you expect a more chewy baked good, you will choose the bread flour instead of cake flour.
What are the factors successful baking?
Factors that contribute to successful baking
- Have a genuine desire for baking.
- Understand the properties and characteristics of your ingredients.
- Know the correct methods/ techniques in mixing butters and the dough according to the desired products.
- Use good quality ingredients.
What are the three basic principles of baking?
Basic Principles of Baking 1 Ingredients. If you were to substitute carrots for turnips in a stew, would you observe an extreme change in the flavour? 2 Different Types of Flours. There is a wide variety of flours that can be used in the process of baking. 3 Leavening Agents. 4 Mixing Methods. 5 Heating. …
Which is true about the chemistry of baking?
“Baking can often be referred to as the chemistry of cooking. All ingredients must be accurately measured, and measurement is critical.”—- Anonymous Baking is an altogether new world that incorporates an entire set of new principles, techniques, and strategies and figuring out how to bake can take numerous years.
How is the texture of baked goods determined?
Stage of Baking Gases Form – A baked goods texture is determined by the amount of leaving or rise that occurs both before and during baking. These gases are carbon dioxide, steam and air.
Which is the correct way to bake a cake?
Heat Transfer and the Science of Baking Common Bakeshop Cooking Methods METHOD MEDIUM BAKESHOP PRODUCTS EQUIPMENT Moist-heat Cooking Method Boiling Water or other liquids Creams, sauces, fruits Stove top Poaching Water or other liquids Fruits, fresh and dried Stove top, oven Simmering Water or other liquids Creams, sauces, fruits Stove top, oven
What are the basic principles of baking?
Essential principles The importance of measuring. When cooking, you can often get away with approximating quantities, and a degree of experimentation is often expected. Role of each ingredient. Each ingredient in baking plays one or several roles. Formation of gluten. Mixing. Leavening. Baking.
What are the different process involved in baking?
- Mixing
- hydrating
- Kneading
- Bulk fermentation
- Shaping
- Second fermentation
- Scoring
- Baking
- Eating
What are the ingredients in baking?
Along with the bakeries, the bakery industry includes vendors for ingredients, equipment, and supplies. Ingredients include flour, butter, eggs, and other food items needed to produce baked goods.
Why is baking a science?
Baking science allows bakers and chefs to better understand how the process of baking turns base ingredients into a product far greater than the sum of its parts. One of the most basic aspects of baking science is an understanding of how heat is applied to foods and how that application changes food at a base level. | https://first-law-comic.com/what-are-the-guidelines-and-principles-in-baking/ |
Description. This course explores the computationally intensive statistical methods used in the development of automated weather analysis and forecasting systems. The focus of the course is on learning to develop and use artificially intelligent automated systems to perform data quality control, quantitative analysis of large meteorological data sets, and weather forecasting.
- Instructor: Dr. Jon Nese, 518 Walker, 863-4076, Twitter: @jmnese
- Office Hours: Mon 330-430PM, Thu 130-230PM, Fri 800-900 AM, and by appt
- Course meets: Wed & Fri 1:25 – 3:20 PM, 126 Walker
- Prerequisites: STAT 301 or STAT 401 or EBF 472
- Teaching Assistant: Qiang Sun. Office: 624 Walker Building
- Office Hours: Tue 900-1000AM, Wed 800-900AM
Course Objectives:
- Learn computer methods that can be used for statistical analysis and forecasting of weather, climate and other environmental phenomena.
- Learn to apply those methods to develop accurate and robust forecast systems.
Course Outcomes:
By the time this class if over, you should be able to:
- conduct statistical verification of a weather or climate forecast
- demonstrate knowledge of methods for statistical prediction of atmospheric phenomena
- select, implement and evaluate appropriate statistical forecasting methods
- alter forecast metrics to account for various measures of forecast performance
Motivation: Advances in statistical forecasting techniques are making automated prediction systems ever more competitive with the human forecaster, enabled by statistical methods of analysis that are increasingly accessible. These statistical methods, including artificial intelligence systems, can evaluate situations where multiple variables contribute via multiple possible mechanisms. To succeed in this changing environment, the operational meteorologist must become a builder of forecast systems who uses meteorological insight and statistical knowledge to create ever more accurate forecast systems. Meteorology 474 provides hands-on experience building and testing such statistical forecast systems.
Materials: I usually place lecture materials on ANGEL prior to class. These lecture notes and information gleaned from the assignments will be the main resources for this course. Some course materials will be taken from two texts which are on reserve in the EMS library:
- Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, by Witten, Frank & Hall
- Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, an Introduction, by Wilks
In addition, a software package called WEKA, available on the department’s computing cluster, will be used. An overview of WEKA can be found at http://www.cs.waikato.ac.nz/~ml/ .
Enrollment policy. Students who do not meet the prerequisites may be dis-enrolled during the first 10-day free add-drop period after being informed in writing by the instructor (see: http://www.psu.edu/dept/oue/aappm/C-5.html). If you have not completed the listed prerequisites, then consult with the instructor. Students who re-enroll after being dis-enrolled according to this policy are in violation of the Student Code of Conduct (http://studentaffairs.psu.edu/conduct/codeofconduct/).
Assessment Tools and Grading. Assignments will focus on projects that illustrate the creation and testing of forecast systems using machine-learning algorithms. Assignments must be submitted ON TIME – there will be a 25% penalty for any assignment handed in late, and no credit will be given for assignments handed in more than 24 hours after the deadline. There will be a midterm (in class, date to be announced) and final exam (scheduled by the university) as well as very short quizzes every other Friday, starting on January 23 (so there will likely be a total of 7 quizzes – there will be no make-up quizzes, but I’ll drop your lowest quiz grade). In addition, participation and attendance will factor into your overall course grade. The weighting of the components of your course grade is as follows:
- Midterm: 20%
- Final Exam: 25%
- Quizzes: 10%
- Assignments: 40%
- Participation / Attendance: 5%
A standard grading scale will apply to the course, shown below:
- A 90-100
- B 80-90
- C 70-80
- D 60-70
- F <60
However, I will use the ‘-‘ and ‘+’ system as well. For example, a grade just below 90 may receive a B+. Also, I may curve the grades, so it is possible that the thresholds will go down (for example, the boundary between and A and a B may be less than 90).
Attendance. This course abides by the Penn State Class Attendance policy given at http://senate.psu.edu/policies/42-00.html#42-27. Informally, I assume you’re in class unless you have a really good excuse to miss, and you’re responsible for all that you miss.
Cancellations and delays. Campus emergencies, including weather delays, are announced on Penn State Live (http://live.psu.edu/) and communicated to cellphones, email, the Penn State Facebook page, and Twitter via PSUTXT (to sign up, please see http://live.psu.edu/psutxt).
Academic integrity. For information about the EMS Integrity Policy, which this course adopts, see: http://www.ems.psu.edu/current_undergrad_students/academics/integrity_policy.
Briefly, students are expected to do their own class projects, and to do the exams on their own. Students may not copy another person's work and present it as their own. Any students who present other people's work as their own and any students providing these answers to others, will receive no credit for the assignment and may fail the course as a whole. Students are allowed to share ideas and discuss the class projects, but each student’s projects must be completed individually.
Accommodations for students with disabilities. The Office of Disability Services (equity.psu.edu/ods/) requests and maintains disability-related documents; certifies eligibility for services, determines academic adjustments, auxiliary aids, and/or services, and develops plans for the provision of academic adjustments, auxiliary aids, and/or services as mandated under Title II of the ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) of 2008 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. A list of these services is at equity.psu.edu/ods/current-students.
Course Outline (modifications possible, as needed): | http://www.met.psu.edu/intranet/course-syllabi-repository/spring-2016-syllabi/meteo-474-computer-methods-in-meteorological-forecasting-and-analysis |
September 23rd, 2012 (5:13 AM).
Maruno
Lead Dev of Pokémon Essentials
Join Date:
Jan 2008
Location:
England
Posts:
5,171
Quote:
Originally Posted by
FL .
In the deck card count make like (example): if you have 3 Rattata cards, you can put 3 in a deck, 1 in other, 3 in even other, etc... in the same time, but without way to put 4 in one deck.
You're suggesting that decks act like "recipes", where the cards themselves remain in the Library (rather than the decks physically containing the cards). I did consider this approach, but it would be harder to make sure that decks aren't broken if you get rid of a card (via selling/tossing/trading). I don't think it's worth the effort, it makes less sense than decks physically containing their cards, and it either doesn't affect the player or encourages them to get more cards so they can have both desired decks at once.
Quote:
Originally Posted by
FL .
I am thinking about the user side. If a dev wish to create a new subtypes, he just make something like: "Subtype=Super, Hyper", rather than putting a internal name and adding in scripts.
Most of the TCG games use a current, so the dev that will use this kit probably will use this, and isn't hard to make. Don't put this is like a fight against the current.
The Game Boy game has this option and isn't hard to do. Like you say: you are making a feature in a dev kit, not one actual game.
If you're adding a new card Subtype, you're going to need to edit the scripts
anyway
in order to make it do anything. It's as simple as adding the line "
Super = 12
" in the appropriate place. My way also makes it easier to create cards, as if you mistype a card's Subtype, it simply won't compile and will immediately tell you why (rather than it compiling with the wrong Subtype and then be incompatible with whatever effects you create for that Subtype, which is a harder error to track down).
Support for a currency isn't important at the moment. As I've said, I don't know if I'll ever add a currency anyway. It's a matter of what feels right for the game, and I don't think duels for cash feels right.
Where in the GBC game can you decide how many prize cards you will use? I don't recall any choice at all.
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PURPOSE: To stailize the slope by installing a pipe in an anchor hole drilled in the slope, locking a cruciform reinforcing assembled body to the exposed part, filling concrete, and straining a fixed anchor.
CONSTITUTION: An anchor hole 4 of the specified depth is drilled in the slope, and a pipe 5 is installed at the inlet part. The pipe 5 is inserted into the through hole 12 of a reinforcing assembled body 1 so as to install the reinforcing assembled body 1 at the crossing predetermined place of a frame A for slope using a crane. The projecting arms 11 of the respective assembled bodies 1 temporarily installed on the slope are mutually connected, and concrete is filled around the projecting arms 11 by spraying or the like so as to construct lateral frames 3 and longitudinal frames 2 among the assembled bodies 1. Each anchor 6 inserted and fixed into the anchor hole 4 through the pipe 5 after the installation of the pipe 5 is then strained, and the upper part of the anchor 6 is fixed to the assembled body 1. The tension of the anchor 6 is thereby transmitted to the frame A for slope to bring the frame A into close contact with the natural ground. Each assembled body 1 can be thereby installed in a correct position while attaining the labor-saving of assembling work.
COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO&Japio | |
Given an array of integers of length N and an integer K. We have to answer N queries. Each query consist of some range [L, R]. In each query We have to decrease the value of the array elements in this range by 1 and answer how many integers in the range [j, N] is less than or equal to K (where j is the query number we are currently answering).
Note that the values that we subtract in ith query will be reflected in all the further queries also.
Constraints: K <= N<= 10^5
This question is asked during interview and it can be solved within N(logN)^2 complexity.
@l_returns @anon55659401 @aryanc403 please help! | https://discuss.codechef.com/t/a-range-query-problem/32830 |
Q:
Constructing the flat vector bundle associated to a given linear representation of the fundamental group
I'm reading this notes, and I have some questions about the contruction on page 18.
Let $M$ be a connected manifold and $E\rightarrow M$ a flat vector bundle over $M$. Consider $\{(U_\alpha, \phi_{U_\alpha})\}$ a flat atlas of $E\rightarrow M$, i.e the transition functions $g_{U_\alpha, U_\beta}$ associated to the trivializations are locally constants.
There is a canonical way to associate a representation $\rho:\pi_{1}(M, m_0)\rightarrow \mathrm{GL}(d, \mathbb{K})$ to this flat vector bundle as follows:
Fix an open set $U$ containing $m_0$, such that $U$ is in the atlas.
For any loop $\gamma: [0, 1] → M$, $γ(0) = γ(1) = m_0$ there are a subdivision $0 = t_0 ≤ t_1 ≤ · · · ≤ t_N ≤ t_{N+1} = 1$ of $[0, 1]$ and open sets $U_0, \dots, U_N$ in the atlas, such that $U_0 = U_N = U$ and, for all $i=0, \dots, N$, $\gamma([t_i, t_{i+1}])\subset U_i$.
then, define:
$$
\rho(\gamma)=g_{U_N ,U_{N−1}}(γ(t_N))\dots g_{U_2,U_1}(γ(t_2))g_{U_1,U_0}(γ(t_1))
$$
The question is about the proof that the following map is sujective:
$$
\frac{\{\mbox{flat bundles of rank $d$ over $M$}\}}{\mbox{isomorphism}}\rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{1}(M, m_0), \mathrm{GL}(d, \mathbb{K}))}{\mbox{conjugacy}}
$$
i.e, given a linear representation $\eta$ of $\pi_{1}(M, m_0)$, I need to find a flat vector bundle $E_\eta$, such that the associeted representation $\rho$ described later is equal to $\eta$.
Here is the construction:
Let $\eta : π_1(M, m_0)→\mathrm{GL}(d,\mathbb{K})$ be a morphism, then the trivial bundle $\widetilde{M} × \mathbb{K}^d$ over the universal cover $\widetilde{M}$ of $M$ has an obvious flat structure together with an action of $π_1(M, m_0)$ preserving the flat structure:
$$
γ · (\tilde m, v) = (γ\tilde m, \eta(γ)v)\quad ∀γ ∈ π_1(M, m_0), \tilde m \in M, v \in \mathbb{K}^{d}.
$$
Here $ \tilde m→ γ\tilde m$ is the natural action of $π_1(M, m_0)$ on the universal cover $\widetilde{M}$. The quotient of the trivial bundle $\widetilde{M} × \mathbb{K}^d$ by this action is denoted $E_\eta$ and
it is naturally a flat bundle over the base $M$.
I'm trying to find the trivizalizations of $E_\eta$. Does any one knows how to find it? Any hints?
A:
This is a standart construction on principal bundles called "associated bundle". There is a wikipedia page and you can find it in Kobayashi's Foundations of Differential Geometry vol 1.
Consider $\widetilde{M}$ as the principal bundle $\pi_{1}(M) \circlearrowleft \widetilde{M} \to^{\pi} M$ with the oposite action you defined $\widetilde{m}g := g^{-1}\widetilde{m}$. Given $\eta : \pi_{1}(M) \to GL(K,d)$, for each $u \in \widetilde{M}$ and $v \in \mathbb{K}^{d}$ denote $(u,v]_{\eta}$ the class of $(u,v)$ in $E_{\eta}=(\widetilde{M} \times \mathbb{K}^{d})/\sim$. Denote by $\pi_{\eta} : E_{\eta} \to M$ the bundle projection. Each point $u \in \widetilde{M}$ acts as a linear map $u : \mathbb{K}^{d} \to (E_{\eta})_{\pi(u)}$ by $u(v)= (u,v]_{\eta}$.
Now given a local section $s : U \subseteq M \to \widetilde{M}$ you can associate it to a $E_{\eta}$ trivialization $\phi_{s} : \pi_{\eta}^{-1}(U) \to U \times \mathbb{K}^{d}$ by
\begin{align}
\phi_{s}(w) = (\pi_{\eta}(w),s(\pi_{\eta}(w))^{-1}w)
\end{align}
where $s(\pi_{\eta}(w)) \in \pi^{-1}(\pi_{\eta}(w))$. Now, it's a known fact (and relatively easy to see) of principal bundles that sections are in bijection with trivializations (of the principal bundle). So if you construct a bundle atlas for $\widetilde{M}$ you take the associated sections and you have an atlas for $E_{\eta}$.
As a universal cover, the trivializations of $\widetilde{M}$ take the form $\psi : \pi^{-1}[U] \to U \times \pi_{1}(M)$ with $U \times \pi_{1}(M) = \bigsqcup_{g \in \pi_{1}(M)} U$ with $U$ connected.
Hope this helps :)
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Q:
A certain valuation of $k(X,Y)$ with value group $\mathbb{Z}+\mathbb{Z}\alpha$
Let $k$ be a field, $X$ and $Y$ indeterminates, and suppose that $\alpha$ is a positive irrational number. Then the map $\nu:k[X,Y]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\cup \{\infty\}$ defined by $\nu\left(\sum c_{n,m}X^nY^m\right) = \min\{n+m\alpha\}$ determines a valuation of $k(X,Y)$ with the value group $\mathbb{Z}+\mathbb{Z}\alpha$.
To be honest, I don't even know where to start with this problem. I've been lost for weeks. This isn't homework, it's just an exercise in the chapter of the book we just finished. Please include the definition of a valuation in your answer, as my book uses this term without defining it. (It only defines a valuation ring, in this case as a domain $R$ with $\mathcal{Fr}(R)=R\cup R^{-1}$.)
In addition to the above, and probably more importantly, I'd like to ask about motivation. Even if I can understand the step by step technicalities of a proof, I don't see the big picture. Is this problem something that might naturally arise in other mathematical settings? How is the result important? What does it tell us?
A:
Let's start with definitions of valuations.
a) Valuation ring (which sometimes I call it general valuation ring), the definition at the book;
'Algebraic Geometry' written by 'Daniel Bump' page 7: "Let $F$ be a field. A subring $R\subseteq F$ called a valuation ring of $F$ if $0\neq x\in F$ implies that either $x\in R$ or $x^{-1}\in R$. Clearly then $F$ is the field of fractions of $R$."
'Introduction to Commutative Algebra' written by 'M. F. Atiyah' and 'I. G. Macdonald' page 65: "Let $B$ be an integral domain, $K$ its field of fractions. $B$ is a valuation ring of $K$ if, for each $x\neq 0$, either $x\in B$ or $x^{-1}\in B$ (or both)." Which is exactly the definition of the book you were using.
'Undergraduate Commutative Algebra' written by 'Miles Reid' page 116 (the title there is GENERAL VALUATION RINGS): "Let $A$ be an integral domain and $K$=Frac$A$ its field of fractions. Then $A$ is a valuation ring if for every nonzero element $x\in K$, either $x$ or $x^{-1}\in A$."
Again the definition of your book.
'Geometric Aspects of Valuation Theory' from a note taken from lectures of Prof. Teissier: "A valuation ring is an integral domain $V$ such that if $K$ is its field of fraction and we have $x\in K-V$ then $x^{-1}\in V$." Again the definition of your book.
The difference of the first definition and the others is that by the first one which takes $F=$Frac$R$ as a result not part of the definition I am allowed to give the first class of examples in here.
b) Discrete Valuation ring, the definition at the book:
'Algebraic Geometry' written by 'Daniel Bump' page 57: "Let $F$ be a field. By a discrete valuation on $F$, we mean a surjective function
$\nu : F \twoheadrightarrow \mathbb{Z}\cup\{\infty\}$ with the properties that $\nu(xy)=\nu(x)+\nu(y)$; such that $\nu(x)=\infty$ if and only if $x=0$; and such that $v(x+y)\geq\min \big(\nu(x),\nu(y)\big)$. In this case, it is clear that $A:=\{x\in F\;:\;\nu(x)\geq 0\}$ is a discrete valuation ring of $F$, with maximal ideal $\mathfrak{m}=\{x\in F\;:\;\nu(x)>0\}$. A ring is called a discrete valuation ring if it arises in this way from a discrete valuation on its field of fractions."
c) (I call this valuation ring the generalized version of discrete valuation ring), the definition at:
'Geometric Aspects of Valuation Theory' from a note taken from lectures of Prof. Teissier: This is same as discrete valuation ring with the only deference that instead of $\mathbb{Z}$ and its usual addition and order we can take every ordered group. Read section "3.1".
You can also find definitions many other places but I wrote those ones I use myself.
Define the map $\nu:k[x,y]\longrightarrow \mathbb{Z}+\mathbb{Z}\alpha$ mapping $\sum c_{n,m}x^ny^m$ to $\min\{n+m\alpha\}$. Then extend it to $k(x,y)$ in this way that $\nu(\dfrac{f(x,y)}{g(x,y)})=\nu\big(f(x,y)\big)-\nu\big(g(x,y)\big)$ ($f(x,y)$ and $g(x,y)$ are prime to each other and $g(x,y)\neq 0$). It is sufficient to show that $\nu|_{k[x,y]}$ has the two required properties then it has them on the whole $k(x,y)$.
Let $f(x,y),f'(x,y)\in k[x,y]$. You can write them as $f(x,y)=c_{n_0,m_0}x^{n_0}y^{m_0}+\sum c_{n,m}x^ny^m$, $f'(x,y)=c'_{n_0',m_0'}x^{n_0'}y^{m_0'}+\sum c'_{n',m'}x^{n'}y^{m'}$ where $\nu(f)=n_0+m_0\alpha$, $\nu(f')=n_0'+m_0'\alpha$ and for other indices $n_0+m_0\alpha<n+m\alpha$, $n_0'+m_0'\alpha<n'+m'\alpha$. Then
$$f(x,y)f'(x,y)=c_{n_0,m_0}c'_{n_0',m_0'}x^{n_0+n_0'}y^{m_0+m_0'}+\sum c_{n,m}c'_{n',m'}x^{n+n'}y^{m+m'}$$
and
$$\left.\begin{array}{l}
n_0+m_0\alpha<n+m\alpha\\
n_0'+m_0'\alpha<n'+m'\alpha
\end{array}\right\}\Longrightarrow n_0+m_0\alpha+n_0'+m_0'\alpha<n+m\alpha+n'+m'\alpha$$
$$\Longrightarrow (n_0+n_0')+(m_0+m_0')\alpha<(n+n')+(m+m')\alpha.$$
Therefore $\nu(ff')=(n_0+n_0')+(m_0+m_0')\alpha=\nu(f)+\nu(f')$.
The second one is obvious because of existence of $\min$ at $\nu$:
$$f+f'=c_{n_0,m_0}x^{n_0}y^{m_0}+\sum c_{n,m}x^ny^m+c'_{n_0',m_0'}x^{n_0'}y^{m_0'}+\sum c'_{n',m'}x^{n'}y^{m'}$$
$$\begin{array}{ccc}
\min\{n_0+m_0\alpha,n_0'+m_0'\alpha\} & \leq & \min(\{n_0+m_0\alpha,n_0'+m_0'\alpha\}\cup\{n+m\alpha\}\cup\{n'+m'\alpha\}\\
& \leq & \min(\{n''+m''\alpha\;:\;c_{n'',m''}\neq 0\text{ in }f+f'\}
\end{array}$$
Now let $A:=\{h\in k(x,y)\;:\;\nu(h)\geq 0\}$. First note that
$$1=1.1\Longrightarrow\nu(1)=\nu(1)+\nu(1)\Longrightarrow \nu(1)=0$$
($\nu(1)\in\mathbb{R}$)
$$\begin{array}{ccc}
\forall h\in k(x,y) & : & hh^{-1}=1\\
& & \nu(h)+\nu(h^{-1})=0\\
& & \nu(h^{-1})=-\nu(h)
\end{array}$$
So if $h\notin k(x,y)$, $\nu(h)<0$ and $\nu(h^{-1})>0$ so $h^{-1}\in A$. Thus we have a valuation ring of $k(x,y)$.
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From Whiteboards to Web 2.0 links interactive whiteboards and the internet to make language-learning activities both fun and effective. With more than 80 practical activities.
From Whiteboards to Web 2.0 guides teachers to the most popular and user-friendly web tools to create activities for students to use both in and outside the classroom to maximize their language learning.
From Whiteboards to Web 2.0 is divided into three main sections, Image-based activities, Sound and video-based activities and Text-based activities. A strong emphasis has been placed on promoting learner interaction and active language practice and communication in the classroom. | http://www.helblinglanguages.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=910&Itemid=38 |
Meditation is a practice used to calm the mind and gain awareness of the present moment.
It has been practiced for thousands of years. People all around the world are turning to meditation in order to reduce stress, cultivate inner peace, and find clarity in their lives.
Unfortunately, many people struggle with staying focused during meditation.
Keeping your mind engaged and present can be challenging, but with a little practice, it is possible to stay focused while meditating.
In this article, we will explore why people get distracted while meditating and what they can do to stay focused so they can reap the benefits of this ancient practice.
We will also discuss how to build a daily meditation practice so that you can make it a regular part of your life.
Reasons for Distraction
Meditation is a great way to stay focused and be present in the moment.
There are many causes of distraction while meditating, including physical discomfort, emotional triggers, and lack of focus.
This article will explore the various causes of distraction while meditating, as well as provide tips for how to stay focused and achieve a successful meditation session.
Overthinking
One of the primary reasons for distraction during meditation is overthinking.
It is very common to have thoughts continuously running through one’s head, especially when one is first starting to practice meditation.
This can make it difficult to focus and stay present in the moment while meditating which can leave one feeling frustrated and discouraged.
Overthinking can also occur spontaneously during a practice session, triggered by something that happened on the way to or during the session, or just pop into your mind seemingly out of nowhere.
It is important to recognize these instances as they happen and work on neutralizing them.
It can be helpful to engage in a different type of meditation focus such as counting your breaths or visualizing images that create an inner calm so you don’t get lost in your thoughts.
This helps to stop these thoughts from distracting you from maintaining mindfulness throughout your session.
Ultimately, progress with meditation comes over time as one learns how to regulate their mind with consistent practice — allowing for deeper seated relaxation and clarity that supports mindful living beyond the meditation cushion.
Physical Discomfort
Physical discomfort is one of the most common distractions people experience while meditating.
Often, this relates to the position or postures that are assumed during meditation.
Staying in one position for a long period of time can result in stiff or aching joints, uncomfortable pressure on parts of your body, and increased sensation in other areas.
Additionally, as our bodies move throughout the day, they usually become stiff or sore – particularly in our neck, back and hips – and this can impact when we return to meditate.
Another physical distraction comes from the outside world such as temperature fluctuations, lighting levels, and environmental noises, especially in public settings where there is more activity going on.
Trying to find a quiet space can be beneficial when it comes to distractions during meditation.
These physical distractions often cause people to redirect their attention from internal awareness back onto how their body feels during their practice.
Proper preparation (and incorporating dynamic postures) can be beneficial for managing physical sensations as well as mental distractions arising from discomfort.
Moving around between sitting sessions can also help you reset your nervous system’s homeostasis towards comfort by activating different parts of your body.
Careful self-assessment and periodic breaks should be practiced for preventative self-care while meditating.
Unfamiliarity with Meditation
If you are new to meditation, the unfamiliarity of the process can be a major source of distraction.
It can be difficult to focus your attention on an unfamiliar practice and this can cause your mind to start wandering.
The best way to combat this type of distraction is through repetition — with each meditation session, your familiarity with the process will grow, creating more space for you to focus on your practice and remain present.
Another way to combat unfamiliarity-based distractions is by seeking guidance from an experienced teacher or creating an organized learning plan for yourself.
Even if the practice itself isn’t fully understood yet, having some structure and direction will increase motivation and engagement.
Seeking out guidance from those who have more experience with meditation will also provide valuable insight into what works best for different types of meditators.
Strategies to Overcome Distraction
Meditating is a great tool for calming the mind and reducing stress.
However, many people experience difficulty when trying to meditate, due to distractions. Distractions can come in many forms, such as intrusive thoughts or noises from outside.
There are several strategies that one can use to overcome such distractions when meditating.
Let’s get into them.
Focus on Your Breath
Focusing on your breath is one of the most effective strategies for overcoming distraction and staying present during meditation.
Focused breath awareness will help to ground you in the present moment and draw your attention away from thoughts that could distract you from meditation.
When focusing on your breath, there are a few different methods you can use.
For example, you can count each inhalation and exhalation, or focus on how the airflow feels as it enters and exits your nostrils.
You can also use visual tools such as following the flow of the air with your gaze as it enters and exits your nose or just simply noting when you are breathing in, holding, or breathing out.
Focusing fully on something related to the breath will give you something specific to hold onto when thoughts inevitably arise and distract you from meditation.
Focusing on the breath is a great way to prevent distractions from taking over during meditations so that we can deepen our practice.
Understanding how to work with distractions is an important skill to develop if we want our practice to grow and expand.
Taking time daily to self-reflect, be mindful of our environment, and silently observe ourselves without judgment helps us stay focused on our goals while also allowing us some needed moments of clarity throughout life’s inevitable ups and downs.
Observe Your Thoughts
Observing your thoughts is one of the best strategies to overcome distraction while meditating. When you pay attention to your thoughts, you can gain some insight into what is really going on in your mind.
By observing what comes up, you can understand why a certain thought has caught your attention and figure out a way to let it go without judging or getting frustrated with yourself.
When practicing this meditation technique, it’s important to remember that there is no need for you to make any effort or try to control your thoughts — rather, simply observe them from a neutral perspective and allow them to pass by like waves in the ocean.
Acknowledge each thought before moving on and return your focus back to meditation.
Try not to get attached or identify with any particular thought — simply observe and let go.
You can also use the technique of gently coming back when you find yourself distracted.
Simply return your focus back onto the object of concentration — be it breathe awareness or mantra repetition— so that you are gently directing your awareness back into a state of mindfulness as soon as you become aware that you have drifted off elsewhere.
Create a Comfortable Environment
Creating a comfortable environment is one of the easiest and most effective strategies to help minimize distractions during meditation.
Selecting a quiet and comfortable place free of interruption is key. If possible, you should aim to meditate in the same area each day, so the space begins to feel natural and calming.
Meditation cushions bolster and blankets can help create physical comfort that is conducive for concentration.
Additionally, ventilation should be well-controlled; cool or warm temperatures can make it difficult to remain focused on the meditation task.
To control sound levels, you may want to incorporate noise-canceling headphones or earplugs into your practice.
Other practices include lighting candles or burning incense as well as listening to relaxing music (without lyrics).
This can all help support an inviting atmosphere that helps reduce your tendency to be distracted while meditating by investing in developing an atmosphere that facilitates concentration and clarity of thought.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it’s important to remember that distractions happen naturally during meditation.
The goal of meditating is not to eliminate these distractions entirely but rather to acknowledge them and gently refocus on our desired thought or emotion.
Regular practice can help us to become more in tune with our thoughts and emotions, allowing us to gain a greater sense of control over our attention.
With this better understanding, it can be easier to notice when the mind has become distracted and more quickly reengage with the breath or chosen focus. | https://reikigalore.com/distracted-while-meditating/ |
5 edition of Rope bridge found in the catalog.
Rope bridge
Nan Cohen
Published
2005
by Cherry Grove Collections in Cincinnati, OH
.
Written in English
Edition Notes
|Statement||by Nan Cohen.|
|Classifications|
|LC Classifications||PS3603.O368 R67 2005|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||76 p. ;|
|Number of Pages||76|
|ID Numbers|
|Open Library||OL22729872M|
|ISBN 10||1932339779|
|OCLC/WorldCa||62762561|
Discover Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge in Ballintoy, Northern Ireland: This short bridge is the only thing connecting a tiny Irish island to the mainland. Get the Atlas Obscura book. Native bridge builders gather during the annual renewal of the last Inca grass-rope bridge. CREDIT: Photo courtesy of Rutahsa Adventures Wikimedia Commons. The hanging bridge forms a part of the Inca road and building system, a 20, mile (32, kilometer) long transportation system of pre-Columbian South : Lizleafloor.
Rope Handrail: The rope is a /8" Polyester 3 strand rope (tan colored like the netting). There will be two pieces - one for each handrail. Each piece is 8' longer than your bridge length, which gives you 4' to tie a knot onto your railing post (a bowline knot takes about 3' of rope). SCOUT ENGINEERING 4 Ropes Ropes come in many types and sizes and to simplify matters you should use the following as a guide. 75mm rope (25 mm diameter) or larger, certainly no smaller than 75mm, should be used whenever it is intended to hold weight such as in the case of a monkey bridge - foot and hand rails, aerial runways, and commando rope File Size: 2MB.
This 20m-long, 1m-wide bridge of wire rope spans the chasm between the sea cliffs and the little island of Carrick-a-Rede, swaying 30m above the rock-strewn water. Crossing the bridge is perfectly safe, but frightening if you don't have a head for heights, especially if Location: Whitepark Rd, Ballintoy, County Antrim. With the platforms for both the Belle Tent and the Bathroom Hut complete, a rope bridge was the obvious choice to join the two. In this video we take a look at the completed platforms and show you how we constructed the bridge. This has been one of the most fun things to .
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Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge was first erected by salmon fishermen in How to get here. Facilities and access. Saved to My places. Save to My places. More about this place. Things to see and do. Eating and shopping. Book online now.
We highly recommend pre-booking your tickets online to cross the bridge at Carrick-a-Rede. Please note; final Location: a Whitepark Road, Ballintoy, BT54 6LS, County Antrim. NIUFHW Waterproof Hemp Rope Net, Child Safety Net, Children Outdoor Climbing Net, Balcony Stairs Garden Protection Net Ceiling Hanging Bridge Decorative Hemp Rope 1x5m (Size: 12m(37ft)) $ $.
Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge was first erected by salmon fishermen in Connected to the cliffs by a rope bridge across the Atlantic Ocean, Carrick-a-Rede Island (home to a single building - a fisherman's cottage) is the final destination.
In Carrick-a-Rede welcomed the highest number of visitors ever to this exhilarating rope bridge experience. The following year we implemented a timed ticketing system to help ensure your experience to Carrick-a-Rede is the best it can be.
As a conservation charity we are committed to preserving. Rope Bridge Bookshelf: The rope bridge bookshelf lets books have a relaxed home when they're not being read.
It can be rough being opened and left in all sorts of locations during the reading process and the books have earned a nice break. Online shopping from a great selection at Books Store.
Dominion Wire Rope Works: manufacturers of iron and steel machine made wire rope, bridge cables, ships' rigging, hoisting ropes, wheels and ropes for transmitting power. Rope bridge book Bound].
Rope Bridges are sold by the linear foot so choose your kit below and enter the length of the bridge in the quantity field. Rope bridge kits are intended to create a suspended passageway between two or more tree platforms, but can also be used to span rivers and other obstacles.
Step by. The Bridge of San Luis Rey is American author Thornton Wilder's second novel, first published in to worldwide acclaim.
It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope bridge in Peru, and the events that lead up to their being on the bridge.A friar who witnesses the accident then goes about inquiring into the lives of the victims, seeking some sort Author: Thornton Wilder.
We recommend booking Carrick-A-Rede Rope Bridge tours ahead of time to secure your spot. If you book with Tripadvisor, you can cancel up to 24 hours before your tour starts for a full refund.
See all 96 Carrick-A-Rede Rope Bridge tours on Tripadvisor/5(K). Rope Bridge book. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers/5. Whereupon, the other jumped off the bridge.
Quickly, the free-falling body hurtled the distance of the rope’s length, and from the bridge the man abruptly felt the pull. Instinctively, he held tight and was almost dragged over the side.
He managed to brace himself against the edge, however, and after having caught his breath, lookedFile Size: 58KB.
Parking is free. From the overflow car park (the furthest on-site car park) to the actual Rope Bridge, is around 1 mile/ km.
National Trust members can cross the Rope Bridge for free (still need to book for a time slot). As of 16 Marchan adult ticket is GBP 9 and a child ticket is GBP Constructing an emergency bridge using a static rope and 3 carabiners. Please Hit The LIKE and SUBSCRIBE BUTTONS as well as the NOTIFICATION BELL.
Feel Free to Check out my Amazon Influencer Page. Rope bridges require tension to keep them as level as possible and to avoid excessive sway. This makes a properly tensioned bridge easy to walk across.
Unfortunately, a bridge with a wooden deck can become very heavy after only a short span, so it becomes impossible to. The Grass-Rope Bridge, at Teree Restormel Castle, Cornwall → Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L.
L.) in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, — The Grass-Rope Bridge, at Teree Letitia Elizabeth Landon Itinerary breakdown: Check in at the Dublin Visitor Centre, Grafton Street, Dublin 2 Depart from College Green Dunluce Castle Giant’s Causeway Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge Larrybane Bay, Quarry & Headland Dublin City Centre.
Our Giant’s Causeway day tour is a fully guided tour to one of Northern Ireland’s more unique landscapes.5/5(3). The Book; Rope Bridge (Full Project!) Rope Bridge. Run the thicker rope inches above the bridge to create the handrails. Use the smaller rope to connect the handrails to the bridge.
These will not take any load for the bridge and it is not critical what kind of pattern you follow to connect them.
These will give your cat more confidence. The rope bridge is set in a beautiful location and is well worth paying the fee to cross the bridge, the views and sights on the small island are simply breathtaking This was our second visit to this National Trust Gem and on this visit it did seem more busy than ever/5(K).
Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge is a tiny bridge connecting mainland Northern Ireland to a small island, built by fishermen in to reach a better fishing spot. The rope bridge dangles over the rocks, sways in the wind, and looks pretty intimidating.
Will you dare cross it. In this travel guide about Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge in Northern Ireland. Hal Leonard Adult #Piano Book 1, P Rope Bridge Things to Remember - Play with Me - Duet Things to Remember Play Duet with Me -.
Suspended almost ft (30 m) above sea level, the rope bridge was first erected by salmon fisherman nearly years ago. Brave the exhilarating experience by crossing the Carrick-a-Rede Rope Bridge high above the water and open to the elements – feel the creak of wooden slats in the rushing wind.
Hear the waves swirling in beneath your feet.The rope bridge connected to the cliffs across the Atlantic Ocean brings you to the Carrick-a-Rede Island which is home to a single building – a fisherman’s cottage.
Carrick-a-Rede bridge was first erected by salmon fisherman years ago. It spans 20 meters (66 ft) and is 30 meters (98 ft) above the rocks below. The bridge is mainly a.Author:Patrick Fitzsymons. Joseph and the Rope Bridge. All of our paper waste is recycled within the UK and turned into corrugated cardboard. | https://fugufuxabatamici.sea-studio.com/rope-bridge-book-21087id.php |
University of Saint Francis football: Some unfamiliar players to keep an eye on
Plenty of familiar names return as two-time defending NAIA champion University of Saint Francis football team opens practice next Monday.
There are preseason All-Americans in running back Justin Green and linebackers Piercen Harnish and Eric Dunten. The list of returning starters runs deep, too, with receivers Dan Ricksy and Rocky James, offensive linemen Austin Smogor and Nick Shoemaker, defensive linemen Jordan May and James Jamicich, defensive backs Willy Cole, Blake Schumacher, Stan Jackson and Ryan Johnson and outside linebacker Marcus Stepp.
If you’ve been following Saint Francis football, you recognize those names as well as many of the team’s top backups. But which freshmen or newcomers could step forward and become more recognizable this fall?
Here’s a quick look at some “new” names to watch for 2018:
Offense
Matt Crable, QB, sophomore
Fans will already know this name since Crable came in and played in the spring game after transferring to Saint Francis from Grand Valley State. The former Cincinnati Moeller High School standout brings a different style of play from that of graduated Saint Francis record-setting passer Nick Ferrer. For one thing, he is likely to have a designed running play every once in a while. His mobility and ability to throw on the run will change things up. He has the biggest shoes the fill.
Jordan Schmeling, WR, sophomore; Jay Segal, WR, freshman
The slot receiver position manned so deftly by graduated receiver Sean Boswell would be a natural for Duke Blackwell to step into, but Blackwell suffered a torn ACL in the national title game and may not be back to open the season. If Blackwell is unable to go, the battle for that spot could include unproven players such as Schmeling, a Carroll alum, and Segal, out of Lafayette Jefferson. There a lot of other receivers in the mix, too, and it’s possible Ricksy or James could move into the slot with another receiver, such as junior Will Chrisman, lining up outside. The Cougars have a ton of unproven receiving talent vying to join Ricksy and James.
Nate Barney, OL, freshman
Barney, from Whitehouse, Ohio, is 6-foot-1, 265 pounds, so he could still add some heft to his frame, but he has some skills at the center position that could make him a contender to be the rare freshman to earn offensive line playing time.
Defense
Zane Fisher, ILB, freshman
Fisher is 6-1, 200 pounds and a natural to play middle linebacker. How much time he can find will be open for debate with Harnish and Dunten set to be the best duo in the NAIA. Coaches would love to get the next wave of inside linebackers into action so there is some experience entering the post-Harnish/Dunten era in 2019.
Nick Lucas, OLB, sophomore
Lucas was a medical redshirt in 2017 and should be behind Stepp in the outside linebacker/strong safety spot manned so well by graduated Spencer Cowherd. Lucas is capable of being “a special teams animal,” coaches say.
Keyveon Evans, OLB, freshman
Playing for Toledo Whitmore, Evans helped lead the team to a 12-1 record while averaging 6.2 tackles per game. The 6-1, 190-pound Evans could challenge Lucas for playing time as the primary backup to Stepp, who should assume the Cowherd role this fall.
Ethan Vanover, DL, sophomore
The graduation of big man Eric Hemmelgarn leaves a huge gap in need of filling. Vanover, out of Southport High School, redshirted last season but has a 6-3, 235-pound frame and shows some quickness. He could find some playing time at end or tackle. | https://www.news-sentinel.com/sports/2018/08/01/university-of-saint-francis-football-some-unfamiliar-players-to-keep-an-eye-on/ |
In 140 Characters or Less:
Bierfeldt homers, Hinshaw extends hitting streak to 13 games as Pats even series at 1 game apiece, 12-3 the final #NewBritainVsEverybody
The Game Changed When…
The Patriots came to bat in the bottom of the 5th inning with the Bees leading 3-1. In that frame, 12 Somerset batters would come to the plate, and 7 of them would come across to score. 6 of the 7 runs scored would come with 2 outs in the inning, including a grand slam by Tyler Bortnick. The offensive surge gave Somerset an 8-3 lead, which would stand until the end of the game, eventually reaching the 12-3 final.
Pitchers of Record:
W: Lucas Irvine (4-1) | L: Jason Jarvis (1-4)
Player(s) of the Game:
Tyler Bortnick (Somerset) – 2-4, GS, 4 RBI | Jordan Hinshaw (New Britain) – 2-4, 3B, 13 game hitting streak
Next Game:
Sunday, June 25th, 1:05 P.M.
Tale of the Tape
– New Britain Bees (25-37) vs. Somerset Patriots (38-24)
Starting Pitchers
– New Britain: RHP Brian Dupra (3-4, 3.93) | Somerset: RHP Will Oliver (2-0, 3.74)
HOME TICKETS:
BUY HERE
| Available at the New Britain Stadium Box Office | Call 860-826-BEES
UPCOMING PROMOTIONS:
Friday, June 30th vs. Bridgeport:
Fat Tire Friday/Foul Pole Friday
Saturday, July 1st vs. Bridgeport:
Fireworks!
Sunday, July 2nd vs. Bridgeport:
Martin Rosol’s Giveaway/Schaller Hardware City Family Fun-Day
Monday, July 3rd vs. Somerset:
Dollar Day Monday
Tuesday, July 4th vs. Somerset:
Independence Day/New Britain Day
Wednesday, July 5th vs. Somerset:
YMCA Fun “4” Everyone Day
Broadcast:
The Bees’ Official YouTube Channel (
youtube.com/NewBritainBees
) and Facebook Live (
facebook.com/newbritainbees
), starting at 12:50 P.M.
Bees Buzz:
Jordan Hinshaw extended his hitting streak to 13 games…Conor Bierfeldt hit his team leading 11th home run in today’s game. His last 2 home runs have come against Lucas Irvine…Jordan Hinshaw hit a triple in today’s game, his first of the season and his first since 2015…The Bees allowed 10 or more runs on the road for the first time since August 8th of last season in York…Nick Greenwood’s consecutive scoreless innings streak as a Bee was snapped at 22 innings after a solo shot by Olmo Rosario in the 4th inning. His Atlantic League career ERA is now 0.40…Yusuke Kajimoto has notched multiple hits in 3 consecutive games…Somerset scored 7 runs in the bottom of the 5th inning, which ties the most runs the Bees have given up in a single inning this season. When they took the lead in the bottom of the 5th, it was the first time that the Bees have trailed in a game since the top of the 8th inning on June 21st against Sugar Land…The Bees have never given up more than 12 runs this season. They’ve given up exactly 12 runs 3 different times this season, all 3 coming against Somerset…Tonight’s game was Jordan Hinshaw’s first start as the designated hitter of the season, and the first time he batted out of the 6th spot in the batting order this season…Jovan Rosa extended his consecutive games played for the Bees streak to 202, and his overall consecutive games played streak to 225, including postseason.
About the New Britain Bees
The New Britain Bees are in their second season of play as a member of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball and play at New Britain Stadium. Tickets for the 2017 season are available by calling 860-826-BEES (2337), online at
NBBees.com
, or by visiting the New Britain Stadium Box Office.
About the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball (ALPB)
The Atlantic League has been a leader in professional baseball and a gateway to Major League Baseball since 1998. Over 35 million fans have attended Atlantic League games and more than 800 players and 50 managers and coaches have joined MLB organizations directly from the ALPB. The Atlantic League emphasizes winning baseball games, showcasing the talent of top-caliber players and offering affordable family entertainment to metropolitan markets serving nearly 15% of the US population.
For more information, please visit
www.AtlanticLeague.com
###
|
Back to index... | http://nbbees.com/team/preview-recap/index.html?article_id=628 |
Background & aims: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib, an oral selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1, as induction therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC).
Methods: We performed a multicenter, double-blind, phase 2b study of 250 adults with moderately to severely active UC and an inadequate response, loss of response, or intolerance to corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and/or biologic therapies. Patients were randomly assigned to groups that received placebo or induction therapy with upadacitinib (7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg, or 45 mg, extended release), once daily for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who achieve clinical remission according to the adapted Mayo score at week 8. No multiplicity adjustments were applied.
Results: At week 8, 8.5%, 14.3%, 13.5%, and 19.6% of patients receiving 7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg, or 45 mg upadacitinib, respectively, achieved clinical remission compared with none of the patients receiving placebo (P = .052, P = .013, P = .011, and P = .002 compared with placebo, respectively). Endoscopic improvement at week 8, defined as endoscopic subscore of ≤ 1, was achieved in 14.9%, 30.6%, 26.9%, and 35.7% of patients receiving upadacitinib 7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg, or 45 mg, respectively, compared with 2.2% receiving placebo (P = .033, P < .001, P < .001, and P < .001 compared with placebo, respectively). One event of herpes zoster and 1 participant with pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis (diagnosed 26 days after treatment discontinuation) were reported in the group that received upadacitinib 45 mg once daily. Increases in serum lipid levels and creatine phosphokinase with upadacitinib were observed.
Conclusion: In a phase 2b trial, 8 weeks of treatment with upadacitinib was more effective than placebo for inducing remission in patients with moderately to severely active UC. (ClinicalTrials.gov, Number: NCT02819635).
Keywords: IBD Treatment; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Selective JAK1 Inhibitor; U-ACHIEVE.
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32092309/?dopt=Abstract |
Some people are making a first contect with what they call Transfer of Consciences. It is something so innovating among people, that it seems not true at first. However, in its essence, the process is quite simple to be understood. To accept that this may be possible is the big problem.
All the news that can create some impact present a time of latency until they be understood, accepted and assimilated.
When talking about Conscience, the situation becomes serious. People barely know about the matter and the few that know, debate in endless discussions – philosophic, mystical and scientific – about the subject or even imagine that something so subtle can be transferred to a human, like a simple music file.
The conscience is known in general as the essence of something or someone, its registered mark. Therefore, most of people think this is a untransferable treasure, by law. Something that can not be shared at all.
The matter is more complex than that and it´s time to learn the first lessons. There is only one Conscience, that provides the origin to the others, without separating of them. These are some ramifications, like trees´ branches that do not disconnect, ever, from the main stem.
The branch-conscience, through its infinite experiences, in different dimensions of reality, acquires a vast quantity of information, which is kept forever, what feeds the Origin Conscience, providing its infinite expansion.
It is like a big file full of data that portrays everything it has lived, during all its existence.
By a process of duplication, a part of all content of a conscience can be transferred to another being.
It is not up to us to say how this is done, because it is about a power that can not be shared, yet. With the current evolution level of humanity would be the same as to give a gun loaded to a child to play.
The evolution of human knowledge has always been constructed at the expenses of innovation received by inspiration of other dimensions beings and not-terrestrials. There is no invention or discovery in history that has not been captured, actively, from the quantum field of information, or received in a passive way through more developed beings.
It is not different in the case of Transfer of Consciences, or do you think that something like that would born by a terrestrial mind?
Returning to the process itself, the individual who receives another person´s conscience (let´s call him as receptor), goes attaching the file of information of the transferred conscience (matrix) directly in its own data bank.
There is no chance of having a wrap of information. Each one stays in its own conscience locus. Each one occupies his place in space, like in a mix of water and oil.
We must explain this because some people fear that the transferred conscience dominates it own, like a vampire or a demon who possess your body and mind, in a no return process of disorganization of individuality.
A state corresponding to what today installs in a system with virus.
Physically speaking, it is not possible that such domain happens. There is a bigger command that selects which file will be used, in which extension, and in what moment.
It is the own individual conscience that regulates the ideal mixture to each situation that appears.
By receiving a whole conscience, the receptor acquires all the memories, experiences, aspiration, intelligence, capacities, feelings, temper, and skills from the matrix. Everything is available as in a great library where any information can be instantaneously accessed.
The lived experiece by the receptor can vary a lot, according to the characteristics of the matrix that the person receives, and, depending on several factors, like the level of conscience and sensibility to realize subtle changes that comes from the process.
The most interesting is that, as greater the number of transferred consciences, greater is the capacity of use of them by the receptor, and greater is the person´s capacity of receiving new consciences.
This is an aggregation phenomenon potentially infinite, which provides to the individual see a reality with multiple eyes, one to each different situation.
It is like having a giant team of specialists in all areas, daily at your disposal. What politician would not make everything possible by a team like that?
As the time goes by, the different attached consciences move frenetically in the conscience field of the receptor, in a spectacular dance.
A kind of “enter and exit” of instant and automatic scene, discharged only by the simple focus of your attention. The result we get with this exciting movement is the coherent flow of ideas, powerful feelings, right words and actions to each situation presented.
An elegant and efficient process of achieving the excellence of being.
In compensation, the matrix has the opportunity of living new experiences through the receptor, of acting in different contexts, what also allows its own expansion.
Therefore, the Transfer of Consciences is a two way road, where everyone can win, since all the changes create growth.
Can you imagine how value is to a conscience gets deep in the third dimension without the obligation of reincarnation, and becomes a adviser in areas it domains with perfection?
To review questions that involve strategies, business and accomplishments, giving the best of yourself is to get out of the story books and live again in a real time. It is wonderful the power inspire the decisions with the same tough pulse of before, extending the domains in new scenarios, eternally mutant.
This is the process that allows to a general of Antiquity to talk about a current subject with the same agility that, in his time, he used to talk about politic and conquers. | http://www.floresdelotus.com/2012/03/caio-julio-cesar-shared-conscience.html |
About the Book: Paige has just moved to New York City and she's feeling a bit lost. She's trying to make sense of her life. Is she an artist? Is she outgoing? How can she make new friends and find herself in such a book city? Paige decides to take her Grandmother's advice and following her drawing rules, she's going to keep a sketchbook. The sketchbook becomes Paige's way of expressing herself and finding who she is. She opens up to new friends, embraces her art, and learns how to be Paige.
GreenBeanTeenQueen Says: Page by Paige is a fantastic graphic novel! Although it's fiction, it reads like a memoir and reminded me a lot of Pedro and Me and in some ways, Blankets only with a more coming of age high school story. I would also pair it up with Plain Janes, as the characters are very pro-art and they have secret art projects they do in the city.
Reading Page by Paige is like taking a peek into someones diary, only a graphic novel version of their diary. It's a fantastic coming of age story and readers will relate to Paige and her journey of figuring out who exactly she is. I struggled with being shy in school and I could relate to Paige's journey of coming out of her shell, learning to be brave and put herself out there. This is also Paige's journey of learning to accept her artistic self and embrace that fact that she is an artist.
Many times creative teens struggle with how to be creative or don't think they really are creative and Paige deals with the same issues. I love that her group of friends call themselves "Agents of Whimsy" and have secret art projects around the city. I would love to do something similar!
A funny, charming and very touching coming of age story. I loved Paige and I hope she has more of her story to tell. | http://www.greenbeanteenqueen.com/2011/05/page-by-paige-by-laura-lee-gulledge.html |
Well…Excuse me!
By Mitch Korn
Oct 31, 2001, 16:41
Goalies, like all hockey players, are accountable for their actions. It’s very easy to point the finger at, or to place the blame on, somebody else, when in reality the goalie should be responsible. It is the coach’s job to recognize that there are many circumstances that lead to a goal, and blame should not necessarily be placed on the goaltender. The goaltender, however, has to approach the game in a manner where he feels he can make a significant difference. Not just be there—not just make the routine saves—but to come up big and make a difference.
How to choose a goalie
By Mitch Korn
Oct 31, 2001, 15:57
Well, it’s the start of a new season and coaches everywhere are faced with a common dilemma: how to choose a goalie when they themselves know very little about goaltending.
On wheels: Rolling in goal
By Wayne Anderson
Oct 31, 2001, 15:54
This summer I had the pleasure of working with Mike LaZazzera, the national Goaltending Program Director for Huron Roller Hockey school. Now that winter approaches, Mike is back at his other job—goaltending coach for the University of Maine Black Bears. At Maine, Mike has tutored and worked with standout goaltenders Garth Snow and Mike Dunham, the netminding duo for the 1994 U.S. Olympic hockey team.
We’re No. 2!
Life as a backup goalie
By Bob Cunningham
Oct 30, 2001, 07:54
Stopping the low one
By Mitch Korn
Oct 30, 2001, 07:18
There is always a lot of debate about the best way to stop the puck down low. Should it be a skate save or a half-butterfly? In my view, there is no single right answer. A lot depends on the circumstances and the individual strengths of the goalie. And while the goal stick should always be involved no matter which choice you make, both approaches are valid.
By Mitch Korn
Every coach, parent and goaltender talks about “cutting down the angle,” but I doubt very much that they all understand the intricacies of the process. | https://hockeyplayer.com/category/goalies/?nv4dieatuy=y |
Updated April 2015:
Is there benefit in continuing one's Pag-ibig Fund membership after leaving the corporate world and going into business, self-employment or employment abroad?
Yes, and here are the reasons:
- Higher Interest Rate
Pag-ibig uses a rate higher than that used by banks for savings and time deposit accounts.
- Low-interest Housing Loan
- Low-interest Short-term Loan
- Option to Start a 5-Year Savings Account
There's a 5-year savings program, separate from the original savings program.
You can claim this after the 5-year term.
- Increase in savings for retirement
Obviously, you'll have more money if you add more to the savings you accumulated when you were still employed. | https://www.pagibig.net/2011/05/does-it-make-sense-to-continue-pag-ibig.html |
Preserving languages preserves cultural identities
Local languages represent their speakers' cultural and ethnic identities. The death of a language means the death of a valuable cultural identity.
< (3 of 3) Next argument >
Context
There is a sense of loss and sadness when the last speaker of an endangered language dies. Language means more to people than just a means of communication—it is a bridge to a cultural heritage that may stretch back thousands of years, as was the case when Boa Sr, the last native speaker of the Bo language spoken on the Andaman Islands, died in 2010. With her death, linguists mourned the loss of a person, as well as the loss of a culture.
The Argument
Languages contain a wealth of cultural knowledge. Languages have unique oral histories, performance art, and ways of communicating. They also contain unique figures of speech, inspiring idioms, and amusing vocabulary. Languages are aesthetically valuable, and direct translations between languages always lose the essence of the originating language's meaning. Endangered languages should be preserved, so people can access and enjoy their language. Speakers of endangered languages work to revive their language for many reasons, including cultural connection. For example, members of the Cherokee tribe in the Eastern Band worked together to create a language immersion school for children where classes, including science and math, are taught in Cherokee. By the 1960s, the Miami language spoken by the Miami Tribe in the U.S. Midwest was extinct, but thanks to work by Miami speakers, the language is taught at Miami University in Ohio. Members of such people groups with an endangered language want to know their cultural heritage, so they take great lengths to revive the language.
Counter arguments
People's languages are important, but content in languages can still be translated to majority languages. Languages do not shape worldview or cultural identity; people shape cultural identity. Language preservation is not necessary for cultural preservation because though a language may die with the last speaker, a culture can still live on through other documentation. In addition, people groups may choose to have their cultural connection die out in favor of a new cultural affiliation. Their choice should be respected.
Proponents
Premises
[P1] Languages contain unique cultural information. [P2] All cultural identities are valuable.
Rejecting the premises
[Rejecting P2] Just because all cultural identities are valuable does not mean they need to be preserved forever. | https://www.parlia.com/a/preserving-languages-preserves-cultures |
The Forgotten History of Gingerbread Men
Gingerbread itself was first brought to Europe by Gregory of Nicopolis, an Armenian monk, when he traveled to France in 992. Bakers began making cakes and biscuits out of it for the next few centuries, but didn’t start shaping it into gingerbread men until the 1500s.
Believe it or not, the very first gingerbread men are credited to no less than Queen Elizabeth I, who was fond of having them created in the likeness of some of her most important guests at court. Naturally, what was popular with the queen became popular with her subjects, and since she was giving them to important guests from all over Europe, gingerbread men soon became a huge hit across the continent. | https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/featured/common-sense-central/content/2018-12-17-the-forgotten-history-of-gingerbread-men/ |
With their first studio album in two decades a top-20 hit, jazzy rock
band Steely Dan have announced an initial smattering of dates for a spring U.S. tour.
Confirmed so far are June 13 and 14 shows at Universal Amphitheater in Los Angeles, according to a representative from the group's management office who asked not to be named. The outing is slated to kick off May 31 at a Pacific Northwest venue that has not been shored up.
"We'll be finalizing that in the next few days," the management contact said.
A full itinerary is expected to be posted on the group's Web site
(www.steelydan.com) April 9.
Two Against Nature, the rock combo's first studio album since
Gaucho (1980), debuted at #6 on the Billboard 200 albums chart two weeks ago. It will slide to #19 on this week's chart, according to sales figures released Wednesday (March 22) by SoundScan.
The album, which includes the single "Cousin Dupree" (RealAudio excerpt), finds the core duo of singer/keyboardist Donald Fagen and bassist/guitarist Walter Becker showing their penchant for intricate studio perfection.
Before their U.S. dates, Steely Dan will play five shows in Japan from May 1420, according to their Web site. | http://www.mtv.com/news/819931/steely-dan-to-tour-behind-first-studio-album-in-20-years/ |
Extensive growth of state-of-the-art technologies has created a demand for high quality lenses and has driven the industry toward an inexpensive process for manufacturing of aspheric glass lenses called Precision Glass Molding (PGM). Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used to predict the right mold geometry. Having a realistic simulation to predict mold geometry depends on the correct model of material behavior and friction coefficient at elevated temperature.
Finding the static and dynamic coefficient of friction experimentally between two flat surfaces at elevated temperature is the subject of this research. The equipment used in this study was originally designed for the Precision Glass Molding (PGM) process and was modified for friction measurement by using molds designed specifically for the friction test. The performance of this apparatus was validated using a steel-steel friction pair at room temperature and a steel-BK7 pair at elevated temperature.
The frictional behavior of two different types of oxide glasses; BK7 and
Soda-Lime-Silica glass have been studied. During trials at which the temperature is above the glass transition temperature, the results show the effect of glass viscoelasticity in the friction data. This effect is in the form of exponential increase in friction force data prior to the onset of sliding. Moreover, the effect of stick-slip phenomenon can be seen as a jump in the position data (in the order of microns in tangential direction). Coulomb's Law has been used to calculate the friction coefficient. An average friction coefficient has been defined and calculated for some trials, providing a quantitative value for dynamic friction coefficient at different process parameters.
The final part of the investigation involved using the Design of Experiment approach to include a broader range of processing parameters and do a sensitivity analysis to find the effect of temperature, normal force, feed rate, and surface finish on dynamic friction coefficient.
The finding from the current investigation demonstrates reasonable changes in dynamic friction of glass due to its viscoelastic properties close to its transition temperature. These friction data can be used to improve the accuracy of simulations of the PGM process.
Recommended Citation
Mosaddegh, Peiman, "FRICTION MEASUREMENT IN PRECISION GLASS MOLDING" (2010). All Dissertations. 613. | https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/613/ |
There are a number reasons to calculate square footage, such as for measuring a home with the purpose of putting a price on square footage when selling it. Remodeling projects may ...
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At Pinewoods Tot School and Preschool they had a great deal of fun doing a rain and cloud-focused sensory bin. They learned all about how clouds fill-up with rain and then release it when they have too much!
Materials needed for the rain and cloud sensory bin
To do this sensory bin you will need:
- Cotton balls
- Plastic cups
- Tub/bin full of water
How to do the rain and cloud sensory bin
To play with the sensory bin follow these steps:
- Take your bin/tub full of water and set it down.
- Grab your plastic cup and fill it with water.
- Dip your cotton balls in the water and notice how when they are very full they drip water like a cloud.
- Continue having fun with the cotton balls--dip them in the tub if you want, squeeze them, and so forth! | http://teachersmag.com/posts/rain-and-cloud-sensory-bin |
April 27, 2019
When hunger strikes, you need something quick and delicious to satiate it and there’s nothing like a loaded kathi roll that you can make your way. Kathi roll, a street food that originated in Kolkata has become quite popular these days. And guess what, you can make healthy kathi rolls at home without compromising on the taste. Here’s the recipe.
Ingredients
For paneer tikka filling:
½ cup low fat paneer cubes
¼ cup tomato cubes
¼ cup onion cubes
¼ cup capsicum cubes
1 tsp oil
For marination:
2 tbsp low fat beaten curds
½ tsp chilli powder
A pinch of turmeric
½ tsp ginger and garlic paste
½ tsp besan
½ tsp kasuri methi
½ tsp garam masala
Salt to taste
For rotis:
½ cup whole wheat flour
½ cup low fat milk
Method
For paneer tikka filling:
- Add the paneer cubes, tomato cubes, onion cubes, capsicum cubes and toss lightly and leave aside for 10 mins.
- Heat oil in a non stick pan; add the capsicum and onion and sauté for 2 minutes.
- Add the paneer and tomato and sauté on high flame for 2 minutes, stirring occasionally.
For rotis:
- Combine all the ingredients and knead into soft dough.
- Divide into 5 equal portions and roll out into a thin roti.
- Cook each roti lightly on a tava on both sides.
How to proceed:
- Divide the paneer tikka filling into 5 equal parts.
- Spread 1 portion of the filling in a center of the roti and roll up tightly.
- Cook the rolls on a hot tava and serve with green chutney.
Nutrient values per serving: | http://wellnessdiabetes.com/diabetes-recipes/binge-recipe-paneer-kathi-roll/ |
Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 14 in your text book as well as the JDBC Tutorial (Links to an external site.) and JDBC Introduction (Links to an external site.) online resources, and review any relevant information in this week’s lecture.
When developing an application, several different database management system (DBMS) access solutions are available including JDBC and ODBC. JDBC stands for Java database connectivity created by the Oracle Corporation. This technology is an Application Programming Interface (API) for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. It provides methods for interacting with the database including issuing queries and updates in a database. On the other hand, ODBC stands for Open Database Connectivity and is a standard programming language middleware API for accessing DBMSs.
In your initial post, compare and contrast the differences between ODBC and JDBC technologies including their individual strengths and weaknesses. Describe the reasons a developer might select one technology versus the other.
JDBC//ODBC are used for connecting to back-end DBMS. Identify and explain other technologies that would allow user applications to communicate with the back-end database. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of these additional technologies, and describe how they compare with JDBC and ODBC.
Your initial post should be a minimum of 250 words. | https://apluswriters.net/java-database-connectivity-jdbc-versus-open-database-connectivity-odbc/ |
Rapid Performance Assessment – SAP
Code errors and performance discrepancies that are identified by the RPA will allow clients to visualise the impact of remediation changes across their application landscape. This will provide a representative change basket which can be provided to the development team.
After the developers have made the changes, we will simulate a client’s actual production network in a testing environment. The application can then be tested with the code changes in order to see what impact it these changes will have on overall the performance.
Solutions
Solutions
*The RPA is structured to troubleshoot existing SAP systems and look at application and infrastructure areas to improve the overall health and performance. *
Focus areas include:
- What code could be causing performance issues?
- What is the impact of code changes across the landscape
- What remediation strategies will improve performance?
- How will the application perform for all users across various geographies?
- Which conditions will cause the application to slow down?
- Which conditions will cause the application to fail?
- Identify bottlenecks across different tiers?
Key Features
Key Features
- Provide SAP ABAP Code Profiling to identify top code based performance issues
- Visualise custom code change impact across the SAP system(s) and dependent application logic
- Profile the performance of an application across a variety of network conditions
- Identify conditions where application will under-perform
- Isolate performance challenged transactions
- Provide Analysis that highlights the performance constraints behind under-performing transactions, including location specific and tier specific bottlenecks
- Provide Remediation analysis to suggest potential performance improving strategies for each identified performance issue
Benefits
Benefits
Blue Turtle’s RPA clients may reap the following benefits: | https://blueturtle.co.za/portfolio-item/rapid-performance-assessment-sap/ |
Q:
Bar graphs must be dynamically generated based on the user input
I can only use loops. I'm not able to use arrays.
my output looks like:
How many stores are there?: 5
Enter the total sales for Store 1: 1000
Enter the total sales for Store 2: 1200
Enter the total sales for Store 3: 1800
Enter the total sales for Store 4: 800
Enter the total sales for Store 5: 1900
GRAPH OF TOTAL SALES
(Each * = $100)
Store 1: **********
Store 2: ************
Store 3: ******************
Store 4: ********
Store 5: *******************
But I got :
here is my code:
Scanner input = new Scanner (System.in);
System.out.println("How many stores are there?: ");
int stores = input.nextInt();
int s = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < stores; i++){
System.out.println("Enter the total sales for Store " + (i + 1) + " : " );
s = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("GRAPH OF TOTAL SALES");
System.out.println("(Each * = $100)");
for(int i1 = 0; i1 < stores; i1++) {
System.out.print( "Store " + (i1 + 1) + " : ");
for(int t = 0; t <= s/100; t++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println( );
}
Where am I wrong in my code?
Thanks !
A:
You probably just need to change the condition
t < s/100
in the inner for with
t < stores[i1]
if stores is an array of integers. Also, you forget to put stores.length instead of stores, but I would have to see the whole code first. Hope this could help you!
EDIT:
The problem in your code is that you keep overriding the value of s every time you ask for a user input. The solution, if you can't use arrays or data structures, is to ask for the input in the for loop and print the result in the end of every iteration.
Your code will look like this:
System.out.println("GRAPH OF TOTAL SALES"); System.out.println("(Each * = $100)");
for(int i1 = 0; i1 < stores; i1++) {
System.out.println("Enter the total sales for Store " + (i1 + 1) + " : ");
System.out.print( "Store " + (i1 + 1) + " : ");
s = input.nextInt();
for(int t = 0; t < s/100; t++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println( );
}
input.close();
| |
In this 4 week online class, students will continue through the Essential Elements Book 2, enhancing their skills and proficiency at playing the saxophone.
Amber Clark, BS Elementary Education
46 total reviews for this teacher
2 reviews for this class
Completed by 4 learners
There are no upcoming classes.
40 minutes
per class
Once per week
over 4 weeks
9-13
year olds
3-5
learners per class
per learner - per class
How does a “Multi-Day” course work?
Meets multiple times at scheduled times
Live video chats, recorded and monitored for safety and quality
Discussions via classroom forum and private messages with the teacher
Great for engaging projects and interacting with diverse classmates from other states and countries
How Outschool Works
There are no open spots for this class.
You can request another time or scroll down to find more classes like this.
Description
Class Experience
Prior experience is required. Students need to have played the saxophone for a minimum of 6 months and/or completed the Essential Elements Book 1. In the Essential Elements Book 2, we will be covering an average of 2 pages per lesson and there will be required homework each class. I will begin each lesson with review of what was taught the previous week and expect students to demonstrate an understanding of the assigned and practiced exercise(s). Students will then be introduced to the new...
Week 1- Review #43 Pg 10 & 11 introduce new key signature Key of A, new note G#, cut time syncopation, sixteenth notes. Homework: #52 and #54. Week 2- Review #54 as a group, then #52 independently. Pg 12 & 13 Band arrangements. Choose an exercise on pg 13 to practice and play for the class next lesson. Week 3- Review chosen exercise. Page #14 & 15 introduce new key signature Key of F, rhythm of sixteenths and an eighth note. Homework: #71 & 74 Week 4- Review 71 as a group, then 74 independently. Pg 16 & 17 introduce rhythm of dotted eighth tied to a sixteenth. Work on technique, timing and dynamics. Homework exercise #84 & 86 (look at warm ups on pg 18
I have 30+ years experience playing saxophone. I have been in concert band, marching band and jazz bands. I currently play in the orchestra at my church, and have done so for the past 11 years. I have been giving lessons on Outschool since August 2020, and enjoy watching the excitement with each new learner as he/she begins on this incredible musical journey!
Each student is expected to practice a minimum of 20 minutes, five days a week outside of class time.
Learners will not need to use any apps or websites beyond the standard Outschool tools.
At the end of the four weeks, students will be assessed to see if they may continue to the next level. There will be a general observation-only assessment as we progress through the course.
40 minutes per week in class, and an estimated 1 - 2 hours per week outside of class.
Essential Elements Book Alto Saxophone Book 2
Teacher
Amber Clark, BS Elementary Education
inspiring young learners, engaging young minds, encouraging young hearts on a quest to know more
🇺🇸Lives in the United States
46 total reviews
81 completed classes
About Me
I graduated from Emporia State University in Kansas with a Bachelor of Science in Elementary Education. I am in my second year of teaching for Outschool. I am an elementary teacher with 7 years classroom experience, 9 years homeschool experience... | https://outschool.com/classes/intermediate-saxophone-lessons-level-ii-P6yiornl |
Tanger Med Port Outperforms Expectations in 2020
This week, Tanger Med port in Morocco released its final statistics on cargo handling performance for 2020. Despite disruption to the supply chain due to lockdowns imposed due to the raging pandemic, Tanger Med saw an increase in cargo tonnage, cementing the port’s leading position in Africa and the Mediterranean region.
The overall tonnage processed in 2020 totaled to 81 million tons, representing a 23 percent increase compared to 2019. The container terminals handled 5.8 million TEU, which was also an increase of 20 percent compared to the previous year.
At the liquid bulk terminal - Horizon Tangiers Terminal SA - a total of eight million tons of processed hydrocarbons was handled, a 26 percent increase compared to 2019. This growth was partly due to bunkering services at the terminal supplied by Minerva Bunkering, which handled about 1.6 million tons of fuel.
However, the performance of some terminals was significantly affected, especially at the height of the lockdown between March and May. A total of 358,000 new vehicles were processed - a 28 percent drop - as Renault and PSA Group cut their automobile production in Morocco and vehicle sales slowed in Europe.
In addition, passenger traffic at the port saw a 75 percent drop compared to pre-covid years due to suspension of passenger activity and closure of borders.
The maritime traffic also dropped by 32 percent, as only 9,700 ships called Tanger Med port in 2020, led by a decrease in the activity of passenger and ro/ro ships. But the number of merchant ships increased by 10 percent as 4,300 vessels called the port, 916 of which were mega-sized vessels (950 feet and over).
Elsewhere, in Mombasa Port, January saw the highest number of ships calling in a day since March of last year. On January 21, a total of ten ships arrived at the port, according to Mombasa port’s marine schedule. In the week ending last Friday, about 13,000 TEU (full and empty) was discharged from the port and another 13,000 TEU loaded for export.
This week, Tanger Med port in Morocco released its final statistics on cargo handling performance for 2020. Despite disruption to the supply chain due to lockdowns imposed due to the raging pandemic, Tanger Med saw an increase in cargo tonnage, cementing the port’s leading position in Africa and the Mediterranean region.
The overall tonnage processed in 2020 totaled to 81 million tons, representing a 23 percent increase compared to 2019. The container terminals handled 5.8 million TEU, which was also...
Building underwater vehicles to operate autonomously is a good idea. Making them capable of looking for dangerous objects like submerged mines is clever. And when they can talk to each other and determine the best course of action to work collaboratively is not just smart, its brilliant.
Looking for underwater mines is an essential naval mission, but it’s a difficult, dangerous and time-consuming process. Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) and advances in autonomy have changed the paradigm.
“We’re trying to figure...
The Savannah-based terminal and petroleum conglomerate Colonial Group Inc. has announced a significant transition as it nears its 100th anniversary. Longtime CEO Robert H. Demere, Jr., who has led the group for 35 years, is handing over the reins to his son, Christian B. Demere (left).
Demere Jr., who served as president from 1986 to 2018, will continue as chairman of the company's board. During his tenure, he oversaw a major expansion...
Contracted ocean freight rates are still climbing according to the latest analysis from market intelligence firm Xeneta. Their data is showing one of the highest ever monthly rate increases and they are predicting that there are few signs of relief on the horizon.
The latest XSI Public Indices report from Xeneta, which tracks data on real-time shipping rates and analyzes more than 160,000 port-to-port pairings jumped nearly six percent in January. The index is at historic highs up 4.5 percent... | |
Science Explains All 10 Dimensions And What Possibilities They Bring
The spiritual community often talks about different dimensions. Our current dimension on Earth is the 3rd dimension, which is pretty limited, and we are moving into the 5th dimension, where almost anything is possible. Ten of the dimensions have been discussed by science. Information about different dimensions and their possibilities are commonly channeled, and they are also explained by physicists using the String Theory—a theory that sees the whole of existence on a vibrational level with each type of vibration being related to a different particle in the universe.
Other theories suggest that they are more dimensions. M-Theory speaks of 11, and Bosonic String Theory suggests 26, but there may be an unlimited amount of them. However, you only need to get to the 10th dimension to access the infinity of infinite possibilities. It is hard to wrap our human minds around that one.
Here is how each of the 10 dimensions are explained.
The First Three Dimensions: Length, Height, and Depth
Existence starts with one dot, one point in the universe. The 1st dimension is formed when there are two separate points in existence, two dots that show location, come together. It is simply a line, or length. There is nothing else happening yet.
The 2nd dimension adds two more connected points making a square that now has height as well. It can also make a triangle with three points.
The 3rd dimension adds depth to the square making a cube. This is also us, humans. We are three dimensional, meaning we have height, width, and depth. We are physical beings that can interact with our surroundings.
This dimension has linear time, unlike the 4th dimension.
The Fourth Dimension: Time or Duration
The 4th dimension is time. It may seem like we can live in a four-dimensional world because we have time and we age, but as of right now science is saying that if we were in the 4th dimension right now, we would die immediately. This is because the 4th dimension does not have linear time. You would be able to experience yourself at every age at once from birth to death.
Every dimension is a different direction, and we are not ready to experience all four at once. Spiritual beliefs suggest that we may be able to one day, this includes the 5th dimension. There are legends that a few individuals have already learned to exist there.
The Fifth Dimension: First Possibilities
The 5th dimensional world that is so commonly discussed would have a row of possibilities that can happen in your life. You would be able to see these probable futures and make choices today to make sure you get to experience the future you chose. You would be able to jump to a future you want from where you are—but not go back in time to change the outcome. That would not yet be available.
The possible futures in 5D often stem from one change at a time, thus all the possible futures have a lot of similarity. Each individual point of consciousness creates a world slightly different from each other’s but still recognizable.
The Sixth Dimension: Any Possibilities on Our Earth
If you want to travel back in time to change the course of your life, this would be available in the 6th dimension. You could go back and trigger events that needed to happen in order for you to get where you want to be. Then you could travel forward into the future to experience that timeline.
And in 6D, you will be able to do all of these steps instantly. If you want to be rich, you can access this timeline. Same goes for any outcome at all. Unlike the 5D, 6D has a lot more possibilities.
One important factor is, all of the possible outcomes of 6D happen on Earth as it is today—same conditions apply. If our Earth started with a big bang, then this condition stays in 6D in every timeline and possibility. This changes in the 7th-9th dimensions.
The Seventh to Ninth Dimension: All Possible Worlds
The 7th dimension is where things start to get really interesting. The 6th dimension now represents a single point where all the possibilities existed for one particular Earth.
All of the possibilities that were available to you in 6D still exist, but now they are multiplied by a variety of starting points. What if the Earth was just a little bit different? If it had a different beginning condition—not the big bang—it would create a different universe. In this case, you start from a different Earth and access even more timelines.
In the 8th dimension, you can start with any different Earth as a starting point and have an unlimited amount of possibilities on each of these Earths. The amount of these timelines is indefinite.
In the 9th dimension, you can start with a different Earth, have access to indefinite timelines, and if this was not enough, each will be ruled by a different set of laws of physics. This adds almost unlimited amount of possibilities.
The 10th dimension gives you exactly that.
The Tenth Dimension: Infinity of Infinity
When you get to the 10th dimension, nothing is impossible. Absolutely everything can exist because 10D brings infinite amounts of timelines on infinite different Earths making an infinity of possibilities.
Everything is indeed possible.
Sources: | https://articles.spiritsciencecentral.com/10-dimensions/ |
TECHNICAL FIELD
This disclosure relates to a system and method for leak detection in tubing strings in wellbores.
BACKGROUND
Wells for hydrocarbon production or other applications are completed and made ready for production by cementing a casing within the wellbore and inserting a tubing string (sometimes called production tubing) within the casing. Hydrocarbons or other fluids can be produced from a subterranean formation up the tubing string.
Over time, leaks can develop in the walls of the tubing string. Such leaks can reduce production rates and/or cause other problems with the wellbore equipment and operations.
SUMMARY
This disclosure relates to a system and method for leak detection in wellbores.
Certain aspects of the subject matter herein can be implemented as a method including positioning a leak detection tool in a tubing string disposed in a wellbore. The leak detection tool is attached to a downhole end of a line and includes a cup. An outside diameter of the cup is substantially the same as an inside diameter of the tubing string. An uphole end of the line is attached to a spool disposed proximate to an uphole end of the wellbore. The leak detection tool is propelled through the tubing string in a downhole direction by pumping a fluid down the tubing string such that a fluid pressure uphole of the cup is greater than a fluid pressure downhole of the cup. A flow of fluid from an interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup to an exterior of the tubing string through a leak in a wall of the tubing string is detected as the cup passes the leak. A depth of the leak is determined based on a length of the line from the spool to the leak detection tool when the flow of fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak is first detected.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. Detecting the flow of the fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak includes detecting a change in fluid pressure in the interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. Detecting the flow of the fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak includes detecting a change in the temperature of fluid flowing in the interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. Detecting the flow of the fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak includes detecting a change in a pump rate of the pumping.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. Detecting the flow of the fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak includes detecting a change in a weight on the line.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The line is a slickline.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The cup is an elastomer cup.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The fluid is pumped at a substantially constant rate.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The leak detection tool further comprises a circulation port configured to selectively allow fluid to flow from uphole of the cup to downhole of the cup.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The circulation port is closed as the leak detection tool is propelled in the downhole direction. The circulation port is opened after the depth of the leak is detected. The leak detection tool is pulled in an uphole direction with the line.
Certain aspects of the subject matter herein can be implemented as a system including a leak detection tool disposed in a tubing string in a wellbore. The leak detection tool includes a cup having an outside diameter of the cup that is substantially the same as an inside diameter of the tubing string. The leak detection tool also includes a circulation port configured to selectively allow fluid to flow from uphole of the cup to downhole of the cup and a sensor unit disposed on the tool uphole of the cup and including one or more sensors. The system also includes line having an uphole end and a downhole end, wherein the uphole end is attached to a spool disposed proximate to an uphole end of the wellbore and the downhole end is attached to the leak detection tool. The system also includes a pump to pump fluid into the tubing string uphole of the leak detection tool and thereby propel the leak detection tool through the tubing string in a downhole direction and past a leak in the tubing string.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The sensor unit includes a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of the fluid in an interior of the tubing string uphole of the leak detection tool.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The sensor unit includes a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of fluid flowing in the interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup in an exterior of the tubing string.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The system also includes a line weight sensor configured to measure the weight of the line and leak detection tool as the leak detection tool is propelled downhole.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The line is a slickline.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The cup is an elastomer cup.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The leak detection tool includes a mandrel attached to the cup, and the line is attached to an uphole end of the mandrel.
An aspect combinable with any of the other aspects can include the following features. The system includes a jar-activated shear pin operable to open the circulation port.
The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter of this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
1
FIG.
is a drawing of a leak detection tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
2
FIG. A
is a schematic illustration of a well system with a leak detection system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
2
FIG. B
is a schematic illustration of a well system with a leak detection system, as the leak detection tool passes a leak, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
3
FIG.
is a process flow diagram of a method for leak detection in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A leak across production tubing may occur due to many reasons, such as a wall loss as a result of corrosion in production tubing, a poor connection make-up, a tubing collapse due to excessive pressure introduced from inside the tubing-casing annulus, and/or other reasons. Production tubing leaks can reduce production, cause delays, create hazardous conditions, and/or cause other problems.
Tubing string leaks can be detected by installing and setting a mechanical plug downhole of the leak and testing the string by increasing the hydrostatic pressure within the tubing string and deploying a wireline tool to detect pressure and temperature changes. Tubing string leaks can also be detected utilizing electronic devices and methods such as acoustic logging tools. Such existing methods of leak detection can be complicated and involve many moving parts or sensitive and expensive electronic or mechanical components.
The method, tool, and system of the present disclosure can detect the presence and location (depth) of tubing string leaks using a robust, simple device with a small number of moving parts and a fast, reliable, and economical method.
1
FIG.
100
102
104
106
104
is a schematic illustration of a leak detection tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Leak detection tool includes a main body and a mandrel . A cup surrounds mandrel and can comprise a rubber or other elastomer material.
2
2
FIGS. A and B
100
106
106
106
106
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as described in greater detail in reference to , leak detection tool is sized to fit within a production tubing string, and cup is sized such that the outside diameter of cup is substantially the same as the inside diameter of the tubing string. As used herein, “substantially the same as the inside diameter of the tubing string” can mean that the diameter of cup is the same as the inside diameter of the tubing string or that the diameter of cup is slightly larger than the inside diameter of the tubing string, such that the elastomeric properties of the cup allow the cup to compress as it is inserted into the tubing string and thereby form a seal against the flow of fluids.
2
2
FIGS. A and B
108
110
104
108
As described in greater detail in reference to , a downhole end of a slickline or other line is attached to the uphole end of mandrel . An uphole end of line can be attached to a spool or other suitable conveyance.
100
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106
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100
In the illustrated embodiment, leak detection tool further comprises a circulation port which can selectively allow fluid to pass through the tool. When circulation port is closed and leak detection tool is disposed within a tubing string (such that cup seals against the inner surface of the tubing string), fluid cannot flow (or only a very small amount of fluid can flow) from the region uphole of the tool to the region downhole of the tool or vice versa. When circulation port is open, fluid can flow from the region uphole of the tool to the region downhole of the tool (or vice versa) via an interior fluid pathway (not shown) within main body and/or cup . Circulation port can be opened to prevent swabbing of the well when leak detection tool is pulled in an uphole direction within the tubing string (for example, when leak detection tool is pulled by line to remove leak detection tool from the well).
100
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100
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112
In some embodiments, leak detection tool includes a jar-activated shear pin (not shown) to open circulation port , such that circulation port can be opened by jarring leak detection tool ; i.e., by applying a sudden upwards force on line . In other embodiments, circulation port can be opened or closed by other suitable devices or methods.
100
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In some embodiments, leak detection tool includes a tool sensor unit disposed on the tool uphole of cup which can include one or more sensors. In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a temperature sensor and is positioned such that it can measure the temperature of fluids in the space above cup . In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a pressure sensor and is positioned such that it can measure the pressure of fluids in the space above cup . In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes both a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. In some embodiments, tool sensor unit can include additional and/or other kinds of sensors. Measurements from the sensor(s) of tool sensor unit and/or other sensors on leak detection tool can be transmitted via a wired connection (for example, via line ) or wireless connection to a surface control unit (not shown) and/or stored in a memory module disposed on or in leak detection tool . In some embodiments, leak detection tool does not include any sensors.
2
2
FIGS. A and B
are schematic illustrations of a leak detection system in a well system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
2
FIG. A
200
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Referring to , well system includes a wellbore drilled from the surface of the Earth into a subterranean formation . A casing or other liner wellbore is cemented into wellbore to stabilize and isolate wellbore . A production tubing string is disposed within casing , such that an annulus is defined by the exterior of tubing string and the interior of casing . Wellbore intersects the surface at an uphole end of wellbore .
210
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208
Perforations allow hydrocarbons or other produced fluids to flow into the wellbore . A packer seals annulus above perforations such that hydrocarbons and/or other fluids produced from subterranean formation flow up production tubing string to the surface.
218
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A side outlet at the surface can in some embodiments be opened to allow fluid flow out of annulus or other access to annulus if necessary.
216
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In normal operations, tubing interior of tubing string should provide a fully isolated flow path for hydrocarbons to reach to the surface. However, in the illustrated example, a leak has formed in the wall of tubing string such that some amount of fluids can flow through the leak, out of tubing interior and into annulus (or out of annulus and into tubing interior ). Such a leak can be due to corrosion or other factors, and can reduce production rates and/or cause other problems with the wellbore equipment and operations.
2
2
FIGS. A and B
1
FIG.
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As illustrated in , a leak detection system has been added to well system , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Leak detection system in the illustrated embodiment includes leak detection apparatus and line as described in reference to , and also a spool , pump , pressure sensor , and weight sensor . As described in greater detail below, leak detection system can be used to ascertain the existence of and/or determine the location (depth) of leak and/or other leaks in tubing string . Ascertaining the existence of leak and/or determining its location (i.e., its depth within tubing string ) can enable an operator to initiate corrective action such as a leak patch, tubing replacement, or other suitable actions.
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Leak detection tool is disposed within tubing string . A downhole end of line is attached to an uphole end of leak detection tool , and the uphole end of line is attached to spool disposed proximate to the uphole end of wellbore . Spool includes sufficient line to lower leak detection tool down past any suspected tubing leaks. Spool also includes a line counter or other measurement apparatus (not shown) to measure the length of the line between spool and leak detection tool as leak detection tool is lowered into tubing string . Spool can include a motor to rotate the spool to lower or raise leak detection tool .
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Pump is configured to pump fluid into tubing string . Fluid can comprise a circulating or drilling fluid (such as an oil-or water based drilling fluid) or other suitable fluid (such as brine).
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In some embodiments, pressure sensor is disposed within the interior of tubing string at or proximate to the uphole (surface) end of wellbore and is operable to measure the surface pressure of the fluid in the interior of tubing string and to detect fluctuations in such pressure. In some embodiments, pressure sensor can be placed at a different location within tubing string . In some embodiments, more than one pressure sensor can be positioned at the same or different locations within tubing string and/or on leak detection tool . In some embodiments, pressure data from pump (for example, from a pressure sensor on or within pump ) can provide information regarding the pressure within tubing string (as fluidically connected to pump ) and can be used instead of, or in addition to, a separate pressure sensor positioned within tubing string . Weight sensor can be positioned on spool and is operable to measure the weight of leak detection tool plus the weight of line deployed between spool and leak detection tool . In some embodiments, a weight sensor or other weight measuring means operable to measure such weight is an integral part of spool and no separate weight sensor component is necessary.
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In the illustrated embodiment, leak detection tool includes a tool sensor unit that can include one or more sensors as described above in reference to . In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a temperature sensor operable to measure the temperature of the fluid within annulus above cup . In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a pressure sensor operable to measure the pressure of the fluid within annulus above cup . In some embodiments, tool sensor unit comprises multiple sensors and, in some embodiments, can include both a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. In some embodiments, leak detection tool includes no tool sensor unit .
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In the illustrated embodiment, the leak detection system includes pressure, temperature, and weight sensors as described above. In other embodiments, only one or two of the three kinds of sensors can be included. For example, in some embodiments, only pressure sensor is included (and no tool sensor unit and no temperature or weight sensor). In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a pressure sensor and no pressure sensor attached to the interior of the tubing string is included. In some embodiments, additional and/or different sensors can be included.
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In operation, pump pumps fluid into the interior of tubing string . As also described in reference to , the outside diameter of cup of leak detection tool is substantially the same as the inside diameter of tubing string , thus forming a seal. Circulation port can be closed to prevent any flow of fluid through the tool. The fluid pressure uphole of the cup as fluid is pumped will therefore greater than a fluid pressure downhole of the cup. This pressure differential propels leak detection tool in a downhole direction within tubing string .
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As leak detection tool is propelled downhole, various parameters can be monitored using the sensor as described above, such as the fluid pressure within tubing string measured by pressure sensor and/or by tool sensor unit . In some embodiments, fluid is pumped at a constant or substantially constant rate, such that such pressure readings can remain substantially constant as leak detection tool travels (assuming leak detection tool has not yet reached leak ).
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In some embodiments, temperature of fluid within the interior of tubing string proximate to leak detection tool (uphole of cup ) can be monitored by a temperature sensor (that is part of tool sensor unit ) as leak detection tool is propelled downhole. Likewise, the weight on weight sensor can be monitored and would be expected to steadily increase as line unspools from spool as the tool travels.
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For so long as leak detection tool is positioned uphole of leak , fluid uphole of the cup is prevented from flowing through the leak by the cup seal. In other words, any flow through leak would be from fluid below cup as long as cup remains above the leak .
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is a schematic illustration of a well system with a leak detection system, as the leak detection tool passes leak , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in , as leak detection tool travels past the leak and continues to move, the pumped fluid can flow from the interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup to an exterior of the tubing string through the leak. Changes in the monitored parameters can be used to detect the moment in time or the time period at which such fluid from uphole of the cup first flows through the leak. For example, in some embodiments, pressure measurements from pressure sensor and/or tool sensor unit can reflect a relatively sudden change (such as a decrease) in pressure in the interior uphole of cup at such moment or time period that the leak detection tool passes leak .
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In some embodiments, tool sensor unit includes a temperature sensor and readings from the temperature sensor can reflect a change in temperature in the fluid flowing proximate to tool at such moment or time period that the leak detection tool passes leak . In some embodiments, readings from weight sensor can reflect a decrease in the weight (or a decrease in the rate of weight increase) as the fluid pressure against cup decreases due to fluid escaping through leak at such moment or time period that the leak detection tool passes leak . The magnitude of the change in the monitored parameters (for example, pressure, temperature, and/or weight) can depend on factors such as the size and depth of the leak, the pump rate, and the fluid type.
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The depth of leak can be determined based on a length of the line from the spool to the leak detection tool when the flow of fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak is first detected (i.e., at the moment or time period the flow through the leak is first detected using the pressure, temperature, and/or weight measurements as described above). In some embodiments, such length can be determined by monitoring the length of the line using a line counter or other suitable device, and marking or noting the length as the pressure, temperature, and/or weight change is detected. In some embodiments, such detection of flow through the leak can be done by observing measurements and tracking line length in real time as the tool travels downhole. In some embodiments, such detection of flow through the leak and depth determination can be done by reviewing pressure (and/or temperature and/or weight) measurement logs after the fact.
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In some embodiments, the tool continues to move past the leak as pumping continues. In some embodiments, the change in pressure caused by the leak detection tool passing the leak (and thereby allowing flow through the leak) is sufficient to stop the tool from travelling in a downhole direction.
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In some embodiments, pressure, temperature, and weight are all used in conjunction to determine and confirm the depth of the leak. For example, in some embodiments, a pressure change can indicate to the operator the existence of a leak and its depth, and the operator can then review a log of temperature measurements and/or weight measurements (if such sensors are part of the system) to see if there are any changes as the tool has progressed downhole and thus confirm the depth of the leak using the additional data. In some embodiments, only one or two of these measured parameters (pressure, temperature, or weight) are used to determine and/or confirm the depth of the leak. In some embodiments, additional or different monitored parameters can be used. In some embodiments, readings from multiple pressure or other sensors can be correlated to confirm leak detection. In some embodiments, leak detection tool can be raised and lowered multiple times and the changes in the parameters monitored with each trip so as to confirm the existence and location of a leak. For example, in an embodiment, if a leak is initially suspected at a certain depth based on a detected change in pressure, the tool can be raised a short distance above that depth (by pulling steadily on line ) and the tool propelled downhole again by the pumping action of pump (as described above) and the process repeated as the pressure (and/or other parameters) are carefully monitored such that the existence and depth of the leak can be confirmed.
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After the depth of leak is determined, leak detection tool can be retrieved from the hole by pulling upwards on line (for example, by reversing the rotation of spool ). Before retrieval, circulation port can be opened to allow fluid to travel through the tool (i.e., to allow fluid to flow from uphole of the cup to downhole of the cup), so as to avoid swabbing the well as the tool is retrieved. In some embodiments, circulation port is opened by jarring action which activates a shear pin which opens the port.
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is a process flow diagram of a method for detecting a leak in a tubing string in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Method will be described in reference to the elements described in reference to the leak detection tool of and leak detection system ; however, it will be understood that other suitable tools and components can be used.
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Method begins at step wherein leak detection tool is disposed in a tubing string disposed in a wellbore . As described above, leak detection tool includes a cup having an outside diameter that is substantially the same as an inside diameter of the tubing string. A downhole end of the line is attached to an uphole end of the tool and an uphole end of the line is attached to a spool disposed proximate to an uphole end of the wellbore.
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At step , fluid is pumped into the tubing string to propel the leak detection tool in a downhole direction.
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At step , system parameters such as fluid pressure within the tubing string uphole of the tool, temperature within the annulus exterior of the tubing string, and/or weight of the deployed length of line and tool are monitored for indications that fluid is starting to flow from an interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup to an exterior of the tubing string (i.e., the annulus) through a leak in a wall of the tubing string as the cup passes the leak. Such monitoring can be as described above in reference to . In some embodiments, additional and/or different suitable parameters can be monitored. At step , if changes in the parameters indicate that such flow is not occurring (for example, if the fluid pressure remains constant), then the method returns to step and the operator continues to monitor the parameters.
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If at step changes in the parameters indicate that fluid is starting to flow from an interior of the tubing string uphole of the cup to an exterior of the tubing string, then the method proceeds to step wherein the operator determines the depth of the leak based on a length of the line from the spool to the leak detection tool when the flow of fluid from uphole of the cup through the leak is first detected.
In this disclosure, the terms “a,” “an,” or “the” are used to include one or more than one unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term “or” is used to refer to a nonexclusive “or” unless otherwise indicated. The statement “at least one of A and B” has the same meaning as “A, B, or A and B.” In addition, it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed in this disclosure, and not otherwise defined, is for the purpose of description only and not of limitation. Any use of section headings is intended to aid reading of the document and is not to be interpreted as limiting; information that is relevant to a section heading may occur within or outside of that particular section.
While this disclosure contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the subject matter or on what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular implementations. Certain features that are described in this disclosure in the context of separate implementations can also be implemented, in combination, in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations, separately, or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although previously described features may be described as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can, in some cases, be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or variation of a sub-combination.
Particular implementations of the subject matter have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications, substitutions, and alterations may be made. While operations are depicted in the drawings or claims in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed (some operations may be considered optional), to achieve desirable results. Accordingly, the previously described example implementations do not define or constrain this disclosure. | |
Effect of Domestic Processes on Chickpea Seeds for Antinutritional Contents and Their Divergence
Pramod Kumar Singh1, Nidhi Shrivastava2, Bechan Sharma3, Sameer. S. Bhagyawant1,
1School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
2Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidhyapeeth, Rajasthan, India
3Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
Abstract
In the present study, effect of some domestic traditional processes such as soaking, germination, boiling and pressure cooking were explored in the seeds of chickpea cultivar for their anti-nutritional composition. The influence of applied water soaking for 12h on chickpea seeds caused maximum reduction in the levels of phytic acid, tannin and trypsin inhibitor by 59.9 %, 10.76 % and 13.98 % respectively as compared to dry seeds. In contrast, total phenolics contents exhibited a conspicuous increase. Boiling of seeds for 40 min caused maximum reduction in contents of phytic acid, tannin and phenolic by 76 %, 90 %, and 77 % respectively. However, cooking for 90 sec completely inactivated the trypsin inhibitor. Autoclaving at 1210C showed the maximum reduction in the contents of tannin, phenolics and phytic acid by 97.11 %, 80.53 % and 76.56% respectively. The germination of seeds for 72 h showed significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) in the antinutritional factors and showed overall 95% reduction. The present study revealed that under different treatment conditions, germination appeared to be the better practice for lowering anti-nutritional contents in chickpea seeds.
Keywords: chickpea seeds, soaking, cooking; germination, anti-nutritional factors
Received July 31, 2015; Revised August 26, 2015; Accepted September 11, 2015Copyright © 2015 Science and Education Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Cite this article:
- Pramod Kumar Singh, Nidhi Shrivastava, Bechan Sharma, Sameer. S. Bhagyawant. Effect of Domestic Processes on Chickpea Seeds for Antinutritional Contents and Their Divergence. American Journal of Food Science and Technology. Vol. 3, No. 4, 2015, pp 111-117. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajfst/3/4/3
- Singh, Pramod Kumar, et al. "Effect of Domestic Processes on Chickpea Seeds for Antinutritional Contents and Their Divergence." American Journal of Food Science and Technology 3.4 (2015): 111-117.
- Singh, P. K. , Shrivastava, N. , Sharma, B. , & Bhagyawant, S. S. (2015). Effect of Domestic Processes on Chickpea Seeds for Antinutritional Contents and Their Divergence. American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 3(4), 111-117.
- Singh, Pramod Kumar, Nidhi Shrivastava, Bechan Sharma, and Sameer. S. Bhagyawant. "Effect of Domestic Processes on Chickpea Seeds for Antinutritional Contents and Their Divergence." American Journal of Food Science and Technology 3, no. 4 (2015): 111-117.
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At a glance: Figures
1. Introduction
Legume seeds constitute an important part of human diet which contains moderately high amount of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Chickpea is one such food legume and a preferred source of protein next only to milk. It is the second most important pulse crop of the world and ranks first in the Indian subcontinent . Under domestication, two major forms have emerged termed desi and kabuli types. Seeds of desi chickpea are small, angular with rough brown color testas while kabuli types are relatively large, smooth and cream colored testas. In addition a gulabi, black and green seed forms of chickpea are locally favored and attract market value (Figure 1). Kabuli chickpea seeds are regarded as more advanced by virtue of total protein contents, dietary fibers, complex carbohydrates and minerals [2, 3, 4].
Most of the legume seeds are known to synthesize certain biologically active substances which devalue the nutritive importance. Utilization of pulse foods including chickpea is inhibited due to presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) like tannins, phytic acid, protease inhibitors and oligosaccharides. These ANFs may cause adverse physiological effects to the humans if consumed raw [2, 5]. Plants commonly synthesize these antinutrients as part of their protection against their predators and/or as a means to survive under adverse growing conditions. Protease inhibitors from seed inhibit the actions of trypsin, pepsin and other proteases in the gut preventing the digestion and subsequent absorption of protein. Tannins inhibit the digestive enzymes and thus lower the digestibility of most nutrients especially proteins and carbohydrates. Phytic acid has a strong binding affinity to minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, and zinc and thus reduces their bioavailability. An agronomic trait such as ANF increases the crop productivity but decreases the market value and consumer preference. The chemical composition and oligosaccharides of raw and germinated chickpea seeds were reviewed by Singh et al . Published work describe analysis of these antinutritional factors and effect of cooking on various constituents of chickpea seeds [7, 8].
Legume foods are cooked employing traditional home processing methods before human consumption. However cooking causes considerable losses in soluble solids, especially vitamins and minerals. To understand the role of domestic processing viz. soaking, autoclaving, cooking and germination etc. on seed composition needs to be explored . Chickpea is consumed in various forms as processed food. The seeds of chickpea containing lower levels of ANFs are nutritionally preferred. The present study was therefore undertaken to ascertain the effect of traditional processes such as soaking, cooking and germination on the anti-nutritional contents in chickpea cultivars grown in Madhya Pradesh region of India.
2. Materials and Methods2.1. Seed Material
Nineteen chickpea cultivars that are mostly cultivated and consumed in Madhya Pradesh were selected for the analysis. Seeds were collected from agriculture college, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India.2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Soaking, Cooking, Autoclaving and Germination
For each aforesaid treatment, initially seeds were surface sterilized with 10% mercuric chloride solution and then thoroughly washed and finally rinsed with autoclaved deionized water. A seed of each cultivar (100 g) of was soaked in distilled water at a ratio of 1:4 (w/v) for 12h at room temperature. For boiling effect, seeds were boiled in distilled water at 100°C in the ratio of 1:10 (w/v) for 20, 30 and 40 min. Subsequently, rinsed seeds were dried at room temperature (26+2°C) and crushed. Autoclaving at 15 lbs. pressure (121°C) in distilled water (1:10 w/v) for 10, 15 and 20 min. was done at room temperature and seeds were powdered. Germination was stimulated in a petri dish lined with wet filter paper kept in an incubator for 24, 48 and 72 h at 25°C. During germination, deionized water containing sodium azide (0.01%) was sprinkled on seeds every 12h., seeds were air dried overnight and further processed. All these analysis was carried out in each seed samples having normal control and another experimental processed.2.3. Analysis of Antinutritional Factors
2.3.1. Trypsin Inhibitor (TI) Activity
The inhibitor content was measured using BAPNA as a substrate . For measuring trypsin inhibitory activity 10 µg of trypsin was mixed with suitable quantity of the sample (to get 50-60% inhibition) and incubated at 25ºC before measuring the residual trypsin activity. 10 µl of seed extract was mixed with 80 µl of 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.2, containing 20 mM CaCl2, 10 µl of trypsin (in 1 mM HCl) and incubated at room temperature at 30 sec interval between two wells on a microtitre plate. The residual activity was measured by adding 125 µl of BAPNA (40 mg/ml dimethyl sulfoxide, freshly diluted 1:100 in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.2 and 20 mM CaCl2 prewarmed to 37°C) and then incubated at room temperature for 30 min. Reactions were stopped by the addition of 25µl of 3% (v/v) acetic acid. Liberated p-nitroanilide was measured at 410 nm. 100% trypsin activity was measured from the sample minus the inhibitor extract. One unit of trypsin activity was defined as the amount of enzyme which increases the optical density by one unit at 410 nm due to the release of p-nitroaniline. Further one TI unit was defined as the amount of inhibitor that inhibited 1 unit of trypsin activity .
2.3.2. The Total Phenolic Content
Total phenolic contents were estimated using the Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method . Defatted sample (1 g) was ground in a mortar pestle with 10 times volume of 80% ethanol (10ml). The homogenate so obtained was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 20 min. The residue was re-extracted with 5 times the volume of 80% ethanol. The supernatant was evaporated to dryness. The residue was thereafter, dissolved in 5ml distilled water. Different aliquots ranging from 0.2-2 ml were put into test tubes. The total volume was made up to 3ml in each tube with distilled water followed by addition of Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (0.5ml). After 3 min, 2ml of 20% Na2C03 solution was added to each tube and mixed properly. The tubes were placed in boiling water for exactly 1 min cooled and brought to room temperature then absorbance was measured at 650nm against a reagent blank. To quantify the amount of total phenol content in the seed sample absorbance was compared with standard catechol solution (0.1 mg/ml catechol).
2.3.3. Phytic Acid
Dried chickpea seeds were crushed to a fine meal and powdered 50mg seed samples were extracted overnight in 0.4mM HCl followed by centrifugation for 20 min at 10,000 rpm at room temperature. Supernatant was collected and used as a source for phytic acid analysis. 10 µl of sample was taken in a microtitre plate, diluted with 90µl double distilled water, followed by addition of 100 µl colorimetric reagent (3M H2SO4, 2.5% ammonium molybdate, 10% (w/v) ascorbic acid and distilled water in 1:1:1:2 ratio). The contents were incubated for 60 min at room temperature and absorbance was taken at 650 nm using Systronics UV-Vis spectrophotometer .
2.3.4. Tannins
Four hundred mg of finely powdered defatted meal was mixed with 40 ml distilled water. The suspension was then boiled for 30 min cooled and subsequently centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min and used as a source for tannin estimation. Tannins were estimated using Folin-Denis reagent. After extraction, 1 ml of the clear supernatant was used as a source of tannins and to this 5 ml of Folin-Denis reagent, 10 ml of sodium carbonate solution were added followed by dilution to 100 ml with water. The tubes were incubated at room temperature for 30 min and the color thus developed was read at 700nm using Systronics UV-Vis spectrophotometer .2.4. Statistical Analysis
All work was done in triplicates and the data presented are means ± S.D. of three independent determinations. Significance was accepted at p≤0.05.
3. Results
For the present experiment seeds were subjected for domestic processing to estimate the amounts of trypsin inhibitor, tannins, phytic acid and phenols. The results of all these investigations are represented in the form of graph (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5). The highest concentration of trypsin was found in JG11 (0.292±0.03 TIU mg/gm) and lowest concentration was found in JG63 (0.121± 0.03TIU mg/gm). The highest tannin content was present in cultivar JGK1 (10.12±0.04 mg/gm) and lowest concentration was found in BG391 (1.3±0.03 mg/gm). The phytic acid concentration varies widely in cultivars. The highest concentration was found in JAKI 9218 (2.27±0.01 mg/gm) and lowest in JG 315 (0.65±0.03 mg/gm). The total phenol contents also vary in different seed cultivars. The highest concentration was found in JG322 (50.39 ±0.03mg/100 gm) and lowest concentration was found in JG 412 (5.18±0.05 mg/gm).3.1. Effect of Soaking
The water soaking treatments caused significant decrease in different antinutritional factors which varied with the cultivars. Maximum decrease of 10.76 % in tannin content was found in cultivar BG391 whereas 59.90 % in cultivar JG74 for phytic acid. Trypsin inhibitor contents registered maximum reduction of 13.98 % in cultivar ICCV10.
Boiling at 100ºC in distilled water for 40 min resulted in loss of 49.23 % of tannin contents in ICCV10, 79.93 % of phenolic contents in JG322 and phytic acid up to 87.91% in BG391 cultivars. The obtained data indicated that cooking treatments for 90 sec completely inactivated the trypsin inhibitor. This showed that the trypsin inhibitor of chickpea seeds were heat-labile.3.3. Effect of Autoclaving
Autoclaving of seeds for 20 min significantly reduced the content of total phenolic, tannins and phytic acid and the effect varied with cultivars under question. Autoclaving at 20 min caused 97.11 % reduction in tannin content in JG74 cultivar and 76.06 % loss in phytic acid in cultivar JG11 whereas 80.53 % decrease phenolic contents in cultivar JG218.3.4. Effect of Germination
Germination for 72 hours caused the maximum reduction of 53.07 % in tannin content in BG391 cultivar, phytic acid 95.74 % in JGK2 cultivar, phenolic contents up to 77.10 % in JG130 and reduction in trypsin inhibitor to 83.56 % in JG74 cultivar.
4. Discussion
Quantification of ANF’S is one of the requirements for food industry. This information therefore, can be useful variety selection for doing food processing. In the present study different food processing methods like soaking, germination, boiling and autoclaving were employed in chickpea seeds as one of the strategies to minimize adverse effects on ANFs. Chickpea seeds are consumed by human in various forms as a processed food. The present study indicates that seeds of chickpea contain considerable amounts of trypsin inhibitor, tannin, phenolic and phytic acid contents. The removal of these components is essential to improve the nutritional quality of legumes for effective utilization as human food. It is widely accepted that traditional processing are effective methods for achieving the desirable changes in the seed composition. In many instances, usage of only one method may not impart the desired removal of antinutritional compounds and hence a combination of two or more methods is necessary.
Soaking is one of the processes to remove soluble antinutritional factors and some metabolic reactions can take place during soaking which may affect the content of certain anti-nutritional compounds . A soaking period of 12 h may be inadequate for reducing the phytic acid content as revealed in the present study. These results are in agreement with earlier reports . Decrease in tannin might be attributed to leaching into soaking medium . Reduction in the trypsin inhibitor activity after soaking of desi chickpea was reported . Similar results were also noted in kidney beans and fababean . Deshpande and Damodaran supported the finding that there is a loss of certain undesirable components including trypsin inhibitor as a result of soaking. Phenolic compounds are water-soluble in nature and mostly located in the seed coat . In general, water soaking appears effective in reducing the levels of polyphenols. However, in the present study the total phenolic contents estimated in various seeds exhibited increased level of total phenolic contents in water soaked condition as compared to raw seeds. In a similar study by Paramjyothi and Anjali reported significant decrease in polyphenol content of chickpea after soaking. An increase in methanol extractable polyphenols after 72 hours of seed soaking may be attributed to renewed synthesis of polyphenols or degradation of high molecular weight insoluble polymer into smaller molecular weight soluble phenols that might have reacted with the reagents .
In the present study boiling of seeds for 90sec completely destroyed the trypsin inhibitor. Our results are in agreement with the findings that cooking for 60 min at 100°C was sufficient to inactivate over 90% of trypsin inhibitor activity in P. vulgaris and eliminated completely on heating soaked red gram seeds in boiling water for 5 min and similar findings have also been noticed . The loss of phenolic contents after autoclaving may also be due to the interaction of polyphenols with other components of seeds such as protein to form insoluble tannin protein complexes . In our previous study chickpea seed contains trypsin inhibitor, tannin and lectin at significant levels.
Germination of chickpea brought about significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) in the trypsin inhibitor content which was not observed in other legumes like lentil and soyabean. Lentil achieved only 7-18 % during 6 days germination and up 12% trypsin inhibitor contents in soyabean after 12 days of germination . Reduction in phytic acid contents of cereals and legume seeds with sprouting has been frequently reported due to an increase in phytase activity during germination . In present analysis, sprouting has been found to be more effective than other processing methods in reducing phytic acid content. The decrease in total phenol content during germination may be attributed to the polyphenol oxidase based enzymatic hydrolysis . Thus ANFs which are known to cause deleterious effects in humans can be removed by various domestic treatments like soaking, sprouting, cooking out of which germination appears to be the best way to reduce.
5. Conclusion
The regional variation of quality within the chickpea seed growing regions can be attributed to genetic diversity and its interaction with environment. In India, chickpeas are cultivated in different parts and prized for their high protein and fiber content. The globalizing markets demand higher quality seed products that meet new standards of food quality and safety. The results of this study support proposals for the development of technological process for the use of chickpea seeds as a food source. The present study ascertains germination as an effective practice for relieving antinutritional contents for enhancing nutritional quality of chickpea seeds.
Conflicts of Interest Statement
Authors declare that the work carried out by them is original and have no conflict of interests.
Acknowledgment
The authors are indebted to Dr. M. Yasin, Senior Breeder, RAK Agriculture College, Sehore for providing seed material of chickpea. | http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajfst/3/4/3/index.html |
In this blog post, we will be discussing how to set up compound bow. This includes choosing the right size bow, adjusting the draw weight, and setting the proper length. By the end of this post, you should have a better understanding of how to set up compound bow for your next hunting or archery trip.
What You Will Need
In order to set up a compound bow, you will need a few items:
– The compound bow itself
– A quiver for your arrows
– A target
– An arrow rest
– A release aid
– A stabilizer (optional)
If you have all of these items, you’re ready to get started!
Step One: Position the Bow
Assuming you are right-handed, stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and slightly pointed out. This will give you a stable base to work from.
Next, take hold of the bow in your non-dominant hand, holding it by the grip. Place your dominant hand over the top of the bow, around halfway between the grip and the bowstring.
Now gently pull back on the bowstring with your dominant hand, careful not to touch any of the moving parts with your fingers. Bring the string back until it is level with your chin or nose, whichever is more comfortable for you.
Once you have drawn the string back, use your non-dominant hand to hold onto the string just below the nock (the plastic or metal piece at the end of the string). You should now be able to hold the bow steady in this position without too much effort.
Step Two: String the Bow
In order to string your compound bow, you will need to purchase a bow stringer. A bow stringer is a simple tool that helps you put the correct amount of tension on the bowstring without over-stressing the limbs of your bow. You can purchase a bow stringer at most archery or outdoor sporting goods stores.
Once you have your bow stringer, follow these steps:
1. Attach one end of the stringer to the top cam of your compound bow (the cam is the rotating wheel that sits at the top of each limb).
2. Insert the other end of the stringer into the nock (the plastic V-shaped piece) at the bottom of your arrow.
3. Pull down on the stringer until the arrow is pulled tight against the rest (the device that holds your arrow in place on your bow). Make sure that you do not over-tighten the string, as this can damage your bow.
4. Once the string is tight, loop it around the cam and secure it with a knot. Repeat this process on the other side of your compound bow.
Step Three: Adjust the Draw Length
After you have your bow strung and the nocking point set, it’s time to adjust the draw length. The draw length is the distance from the nock point to the string when fully drawn. This is an important setting because it affects both the accuracy and power of your shots.
Most compound bows have a range of adjustments for the draw length, so you can fine-tune it to your specific needs. To adjust the draw length, first, loosen the bolts that hold the limbs in place. Then, move the limbs back or forth to increase or decrease the draw length. Once you’ve found the perfect setting, tighten the bolts back down and take a few practice shots to make sure everything feels good.
Step Four: Attach the Sight
Assuming your bow is already strung, the next step is to attach the sight. For most compound bow sights, there are three main parts: the sight housing, the pins, and the adjuster knob.
Start by attaching the sight housing to the bow. There should be a dovetail rail on the bow where the sight mounts. The sight will slide onto this rail and can be secured with a set screw.
Once the sight housing is in place, it’s time to add the pins. Each pin represents a different distance, and by aligning them with your target, you can more accurately gauge how far away it is. To attach the pins, insert them into the holes in the sight housing and tighten them down with the included Allen wrench.
Finally, use the adjuster knob to fine-tune your aiming point. By turning this knob, you can move the entire sight left or right, which will help you zero in on your target. Once you’re satisfied with your aim, tighten down all of the screws and you’re ready to shoot!
Step Five: Adjust the Sight
Assuming your compound bow is already properly strung, the next step is to adjust the sight. If you’re a beginner, it’s important to get help from a more experienced archer or someone at a pro shop to ensure that your sight is properly installed and adjusted. Once your sight is installed, here are some tips for adjusting it:
1. First, make sure the arrow is nocked (attached) to the string.
2. Next, aim at the target and align the center of the sight pin with the center of the target.
3. Then, using a hex key or Allen wrench, turn the screws on the sight until the sight pin is centered in the peep sight (the small round opening in your bowstring).
4. Finally, tighten all screws securely.
Tips for beginners
If you’re new to compound bows, there are a few things you need to know before you get started. Here are some tips for beginners:
1. Choose the right bow. There are different types of compound bows available on the market, so it’s important to choose one that’s right for you. Consider your height, weight, and skill level when making your selection.
2. Get fitted for arrows. Once you have your bow, you’ll need to get fitted for arrows. The size and weight of the arrows you use will be determined by your bow’s draw length and draw weight.
3. Learn the basics of archery. Before you start shooting, it’s important to learn the basics of archery safety and proper form. You can find plenty of resources online or at your local archery shop.
4. Practice, practice, practice! The only way to get better at shooting is to practice as often as possible. Set up a target in your backyard and take some time each day to work on your aim.”
Related Articles:
What Is The Best Compound Bow For New Archer
How Much Is A Compound Bow And What Do You Need To Know
Conclusion
Compound bows are a great way to get into archery, and with the right setup, they can be incredibly accurate. In this article we’ve gone over some of the basics of how to set up a compound bow, including choosing the right size bow, setting the draw weight, and adjusting the sight. With a little time and practice, you’ll be hitting your targets in no time. | https://archeryjunction.com/how-to-set-up-compound-bow/ |
Jessica & Jack’s Wedding
The Mallala Hotel will always hold a special memory for Jessica and Jack because they first met each other there 6 years ago. This chance meeting has lead the couple to a very happy future together.
Tessa & Peter’s Wedding
With a beautiful ring carefully hidden in the back of the ute Peter Noble and Tessa Gravestock set out on an unforgettable 6 week road trip from Adelaide to Perth, Darwin and Alice Springs. | https://www.barossamag.com/category/theexperience/weddings/page/4/ |
For those of you who can’t afford a camera at this high speed, GoPro HD Hero 2 is able to capture slow-mo footage at 120 FPS, which can be slowed down further with the video editing package, Twixtor. There is a loss in quality, but in terms of getting started, this is a pretty impressive setup.... Ideally you should begin with a high-quality source and keep it consistent throughout the entire editing process. For example, if you begin with footage shot in the HDV format, use appropriate HDV settings in your editing software and create your master version in the same format. You can then make lower-resolution files as necessary, but you always have the high-quality master to fall back on.
iPhone 7 Can Record UHD Videos at Twice the Frame Rate as
Unfortunately, capturing perfect slow motion footage takes a lot more effort than just changing your frame rate in camera. So if you’re considering shooting slow motion on your next project and don’t yet have much experience in this area, be very careful not to make any of the common mistakes listed below. how to make a drone copter 48 FPS and Beyond: How High Frame Rate Films Affect Perception By Wesley Fenlon on Jan. 14, 2014 at 3 p.m. Film cognition can help us understand why higher framerates look so weird, and what filmmakers will have to do to challenge 90 years of convention.
Features of Flicker Free Plugin Deflicker Video Time
Replacing footage to a video with different frame rate - how to make timeline clips not slip? When I replace a footage to another video file which has got different frame rate from the old, the clips on the timeline slip because of the frame rate change. how to read americas highway sighns Frame rate, then, refers to how many frames a camcorder will capture within a single second, which determines how smooth a video will look. Choosing a Frame Rate Typically, camcorders record at 30 frames per second (fps) to give the appearance of seamless movement.
How long can it take?
How to Convert Frame Rates Videomaker
- How to convert 32 fps footage to 24 fps for slo... Adobe
- iPhone 7 Can Record UHD Videos at Twice the Frame Rate as
- How to Capture Game Footage in 60 FPS Using Windows Game DVR
- How do games with a low tickrate but high framerate work?
How To Make High Framerate Footage
Join Richard Harrington and Robbie Carman for an in-depth discussion in this video, Using Digital Anarchy to remove flicker from high-frame-rate footage, part of Video Gear: Technical Tips.
- 17/08/2016 · Make sure you pressed your hotkey to record. Also if you have "Stop recording fraps after 30 seconds" on, it might be a 30-second recording. Also if you have "Stop recording fraps after 30 seconds" on, it might be a 30-second recording.
- For a PAL DVD, use the frame size 720x576 anamorphic and a frame rate of 25 frames per second. For the best results, set the interlaced field order to lower. For …
- Select the "Assume this frame rate" option and enter 29.97 frames per second. Click OK. Drag the right edge of the clip to extend the shot. Watch your sequence to see the impact of the frame rate change. | http://griffithforgovernor.com/northwest-territories/how-to-make-high-framerate-footage.php |
Polinger Development Co. has appointed Cushman & Wakefield as the exclusive leasing agent for WillowWood I and II, a recently purchased office complex in Fairfax, Va. The assets are located within the 525,000-square-foot, four-building WillowWood Plaza, the largest office campus in the city.
The 57,250-square-foot WillowWood I sits at 10306 Eaton Place, while WillowWood II is located on 4.5 acres at 10300 Eaton Place and comprises 124,358 square feet. Amenities include a fitness center, full-service deli, landscaped grounds and dedicated parking. Polinger acquired the assets this July in a joint venture with Ares Management and plans to renovate them. Once the capital improvements are completed, the property will feature a state-of-the-art conference center, tenant lounge and upgraded fitness center.
The campus is situated near accommodation options, eateries and parks, as well as Fairfax Shopping Center, which is set to undergo a complete redevelopment starting this fall. Major thoroughfares, including Interstate 66 and routes 50 and 123, provide easy access to the surrounding area, while Dulles International Airport is less than 20 miles away.
A Cushman & Wakefield team comprising Executive Managing Director Tim Summers, Senior Director Scott Goldberg, Vice Chair Spencer Stouffer and Associate Paterick Clark will handle the leasing efforts for the property. In a recent deal, the company brokered The Carlyle Group’s headquarters lease expansion in the area. | https://www.cpexecutive.com/post/cushman-wakefield-to-lease-fairfax-office-complex/ |
Disputes over Jersey property – relief
What is Jersey relief?
Jersey customary law imposes an obligation on every property owner to set back any new building (or any part of it) constructed on the property so as to allow for a relief (or offset). This relief (or offset) may be contracted out within the property title contracts between the neighbours.
Boundaries & relief
A boundary relief is a strip of land running along the inside of a boundary between two properties which must not be built on, unless the contract of title gives a contractual right to do so.
The width of a relief depends on whether the wall will have windows (other than windows with opaque glass which do not open) or other openings, or not. If it has no windows or other openings, or if the only windows have opaque glass and cannot be opened, the width is 1½ Jersey feet wide. (As there are only 11 inches in a Jersey foot, this means 16½ imperial inches.)
If the wall has windows or other openings through which one can see, the width is 3 Jersey feet (33 imperial inches).
Windows & relief
Jersey customary law provides that a window (which include conservatory windows and greenhouse) should be built at a minimum of three Jersey feet (2 feet 9 inches Imperial) from the boundary of the neighbouring property unless the window is non-opening and opaque.
When to seek legal advice?
Jersey property law dealing with relief and boundary issues can be complicated. A cursory review of the contract may provide a layman with an indication of the boundary, but the customary law of Jersey relating to property law must also be factored in. This may have a bearing on the issue in question and can be an issue that needs to be considered. For example, the fact that you have planning permission to build your extension does not necessarily mean you have the right to build up to your boundary as your land may be subject to a relief or building restriction. We would suggest that you seek Jersey law property advice before engagement to avoid costly issues. | https://parslowsjersey.com/disputes-over-jersey-property-relief/ |
Q:
Is this a free variable? Something else?
I am struggling to understand the terminology behind free variables.
If we have $\forall x \ P(x)$ I would believe $x$ is bound and not free.
If we have $\forall x \ P(x, y)$ I believe $y$ is free, as it is not "bound" / "quantified over" / "attached to a quantifier".
Is this right so far?
Now, if we're using $\forall$ elim and we turn $\forall x \ P(x)$ into $P(a)$ on the next line, what is $a$ here? Does this "become" a free variable? A constant? A term? Something else? What is this?
A:
Your guesses are right. Re: your question, you have options! $\forall$-elimination lets you deduce $P(t)$ from $\forall xP(x)$ for any term $t$ in your language. E.g. suppose my language has a constant symbol $c$ and a unary function symbol $f$. Then these are some of the things I could deduce from $\forall xP(x)$:
$P(y)$ (here $y$ is a variable - and it's free in the formula $P(y)$).
$P(c)$ (here $c$ is my constant symbol - there are no variables at all occurring in $P(c)$).
$P(f(c))$ (still no variables).
$P(f(y))$ (now I have a free variable $y$ in my formula, but the term I've selected is $f(y)$, which is more than just a free variable).
| |
Inside: Want to know how to make your home feel less cluttered? Take your cluttered home from distracting to peaceful by evaluating whether or not these 25 things are contributing to that “cluttered home” feel.
We get used to things looking the way they do in our homes and sometimes it’s hard to see the space with fresh eyes. If you’re feeling unsettled in your home, check out the list of 25 things that make your home look cluttered.
Your House Feels Cluttered But You Don’t Know Why
Sometimes clutter is obvious. Other times, clutter can be challenging to pinpoint.
A good way to gauge the state of your home is to ask yourself how you feel in the space. Do you feel stressed or relaxed?
Studies have shown that when you have a cluttered home, your cortisol levels, which is your stress hormone, increases. This is particularly true for women.
How would you describe your home? Is it a place you want to invite others into? Does it feel like a place of rest?
If you aren’t satisfied with the way your home currently looks and feels, read on for areas to check out in your home.
25 Things That Make Your Home Look Cluttered
Do you feel like your home is cluttered, but you don’t know why? This list of things that make your home look cluttered will help guide you to problem areas in your home so that you can create a more calming space.
1. Too many pictures
When you have too many pictures hanging on the wall, it feels overwhelming for many people. If your eyes aren’t able to rest because they are trying to take in all of the wall decor, it doesn’t make for a peaceful space.
If your walls are feeling cluttered, try taking down some of the things on the wall. Give it a few days to see how you feel with less. It may just be the breath of fresh air the space needed.
2. Overfilled bookcases
A nicely styled bookcase looks great in every home. However, when books multiply and are stuffed into every inch of the bookshelf, it looks cluttered.
Avoid double stacking books or stacking additional books on top in that little bit of space above the row of books and the shelf. Leave some room on the shelves to make it easier to access books and to create a more aesthetically pleasing bookshelf arrangement.
You don’t need to add accent pieces to your shelves. Some people like that, but others find that it ends up adding to the cluttered home décor feel.
3. Over accessorized
A few select items displayed nicely together can look great. However, when there are tons of decor items everywhere the eye can see, it makes your home look cluttered.
While those Target dollar aisles are tempting, don’t fill your shelves with small seasonal decor pieces. Opt to have fewer decor pieces, particularly small ones if you don’t want a cluttered house.
One great tip I learned from reading Cozy Minimalist Home is to choose fewer accessories so that they have more of a presence in the room. Also, look for larger statement pieces that get noticed.
4. Items out on kitchen counters
Kitchen counters often host a myriad of items. Utensils, appliances, soaps, canisters, knife blocks, and paper towels are common ones.
See if there is anywhere else you can store some of these items. Clear out some cabinet space for the toaster. Put the utensils in a drawer. See if the canisters can fit in the pantry.
It’s not necessary to remove everything off the counter. However, you might be surprised how much more open and spacious the kitchen feels even without just a few of the items that have been living on the countertop.
It is possible to clear the countertop clutter for good, but it does take some ongoing effort.
5. Things without a home
Items that float around your house and look out of place cause your home to look cluttered. Make sure that everything has a spot to be put away.
Keys can go on a key rack. Coats can be hung in a closet or on a coat rack. Purses can have their own hook.
Everything you own needs a home.
6. Supplies sitting out for uncompleted projects
Often times items have a home, but they aren’t put there. They’re left sitting out to serve as a reminder to finish a project or take care of something.
But how long are they left there cluttering up the space before you get around to it? Instead, jot a note on a whiteboard to remind yourself to take care of it or put a reminder in your phone.
Don’t leave clutter out as a reminder to do something.
7. Items you’re procrastinating on putting back in their space
Dana White in her book Decluttering at the Speed of Life coined the term procrasticlutter. The idea is items being left out due to procrastination.
Maybe we don’t feel like putting it away right now. We figure it would be more convenient or we would feel more motivated later, but that’s rarely true.
Procrasticlutter can show up in any place in the home. Items waiting to be put away until we have the time or until we feel like it.
Practice the one-minute rule to eliminate procrasticlutter. The one-minute rules is if it takes you less than a minute to put it away, do it now.
8. Mail on the counter
Countertops are often clutter magnets for various household items that don’t belong in the kitchen at all. If papers are getting dumped on your kitchen counter, clear them off and create a new system.
Papers should only be touched once and then sorted, recycled, or filed. Have one designed space where you put the bills waiting to be paid.
Go ahead and put all items to be filed in a folder or better yet go ahead and file them right away.
9. Papers and magnets on the refrigerator
What is on your fridge can make your home look cluttered. If papers are covering it along with countless magnets, it will look chaotic.
Eliminate most papers and pictures except for a select few. Keep fewer magnets on the fridge too. You may find that what you leave on there is still too much in which case, you can remove more.
While you are at it, also check the top of the fridge. When bulky items are stored on top of your fridge, it makes your house look cluttered.
10. Laundry left sitting out
Want to know the secret to make your living room or bedroom look instantly bigger? Remove the laundry.
Often clean (or dirty) laundry ends up in various rooms in the house. If you have piles of clean laundry sitting out in your home, now is the time to go ahead and put them all away.
Create a laundry routine that works for you and your home, but that doesn’t end with clean laundry sitting out for days (or weeks) on end.
11. Oversized organizers
The very things intended to help you get organized can become part of the clutter problem. Oversized organizers or too many organizing pieces can make your home look cluttered.
Things like mail sorters or desktop organizers can overwhelm the space and attract more clutter as papers and items are placed in them. They can end up contributing to cluttered home decor.
While buying more organizing bins, baskets, and containers can be fun, always declutter before you organize.
12. Paperwork
Paperwork left sitting out on tables, countertops, desks, coffee tables, and anywhere else they get left will make your home look cluttered.
As you did with mail, create a system where papers are immediately dealt with. Being able to easily locate documents will make your life so much easier and your home less cluttered.
13. Electronics, cords, and cables
With the increased use of tablets, smartphones, computers, and other electronics can also come clutter. Have a docking station or drawer to store devices.
Keep cords, chargers, and cables organized and preferably hidden. Tangles of visible cords make your home look cluttered.
14. Stuff on top of the nightstand and dresser
Your bedroom should be a relaxing space, but if you have lots of items on top of your nightstand and/or dresser it will make your home look cluttered.
Clear items from the top of the dresser and nightstand. Be selective with what you put back.
Try leaving fewer items out and see how it feels. You may find you’re much happier with the room when less is left sitting out and that it lessens your feelings of having a cluttered house.
15. Items on the counter in bathrooms
Often items are left out on the counter in the bathroom for convenience’s sake. Makeup organizers and excessive toiletries make the bathroom look cluttered.
Minimize what you leave out on the counter. Store daily use items and create a habit of putting them away when you’re done.
16. Things that are overflowing from their designated space
If you open a closet, drawer, or cabinet and are afraid items may fall out due to being overfilled, it’s time to reassess what you have. While some of those items may be hidden behind doors others may be more noticeable on open shelves.
If items are overflowing their space, it’s time to go through and declutter them. Excess stuff makes your space look cluttered and it doesn’t function well.
17. Labels
When soaps and lotions are left out next to sinks the labels on them can clutter up the space. The words, colors, and pictures draw your eyes to them.
You can either buy containers to use or make your own using mason jars and lids as I explain in this project.
We are constantly bombarded by advertisements and we’re surrounded by words everywhere. Having containers without labels is a nice reprieve. Some opt to do this in their pantry as well, but others find that too time intensive.
18. Donations waiting to be donated
After decluttering items that need to leave the home often end up lingering in the garage, basement, or in a box in the room they came out of.
It’s great to donate items responsibly, but make sure they actually leave your home. Extra bags and boxes of unwanted items lying around your home contribute to feeling like you have a cluttered home.
19. Trash and empty boxes
Trash sitting out in your home will also make it look cluttered. That includes empty boxes and packaging sitting out as well as anything else that belongs in a garbage can but hasn’t made its way there yet.
20. Magazines and newspapers
Magazines and newspapers have a way of migrating to various places in the home. When they are left out on tables or in other rooms they make your home look cluttered.
Evaluate whether or not you want to continue to subscribe to them. If you do, have a designed basket that you keep them in. Periodically go through and recycle old issues.
21. Mismatched items
Odd assortments of items can work together and have an eclectic feel or they may simply look like a mishmash of random items.
Contrasting patterns and colors, particularly bold ones, can make the home look more cluttered and less cohesive.
22. Things in wrong rooms
Especially when you have kids things have a way of migrating to the wrong room. Another way things end up in the wrong room is when you have too much and it overflows out of the space.
Create habits of putting things away and declutter rooms so that they don’t have more than they can contain.
23. Toys left sitting out
When toys find their ways out of their storage spaces they can make your home look cluttered. If you have oversized toys that can’t be put away and stored anywhere, consider letting them go.
Involve your kids in the decluttering process and have them help select which toys will be moving along.
When you have babies or young toddlers, clutter can be more of a challenge with large baby gear. It’s a short season so don’t sweat some excess items during that time.
24. Too much furniture or oversized furniture
Typically when you move, your furniture moves with you. In most cases, the rooms in your house are not the same size or shape as they were in your previous home.
Other times perhaps you forget to measure and order a piece of furniture that is too large for the space. When you have either too much furniture in a space or furniture that is too large for the room it can make your home look cluttered.
Don’t fill every inch of the rooms in your home with furniture. Remove pieces that you aren’t using or that are crowding the space.
25. So many shoes
If you have a shoe-free home and shoes are taken off immediately after coming into the house they may be making your home look cluttered.
Create a shoe storage solution that works for your home and family. For some, that is bins and for others, it’s shelves. Make sure everyone knows where their shoes need to go and keep extra shoes in closets.
You don’t want to walk into your home and immediately trip over shoe clutter.
From Cluttered Home to Haven
Your home should be a haven from the outside world. You should look forward to coming home and be able to relax in your space.
Check off these 25 areas in your home to make sure they aren’t making your home look and feel cluttered.
Keep up with The Simplicity Habit and get the Your Home Decluttered jumpstart with a list of 100 easy things to declutter and 12 areas you can declutter quickly by filling out the form below: | https://www.thesimplicityhabit.com/things-that-make-your-home-look-cluttered/ |
In unsupervised learning, machine learning model uses unlabeled input data and allows the algorithm to act on that information without guidance. In machine learning, clustering is used for analyzing and grouping data which does not include pre-labeled class or even a class attribute at all. In Hierarchical clustering, clusters have a tree like structure or a parent child relationship. Here, the two most similar clusters are combined together and continue to combine until all objects are in the same cluster. It is a division of objects into clusters such that each object is in exactly one cluster, not several. There are a number of important differences between k-means and hierarchical clustering, ranging from how the algorithms are implemented to how you can interpret the results. The k-means algorithm is parameterized by the value kwhich is the number of clusters that you want to create. As the animation below illustrates, the algorithm begins by creating k centroids. It then iterates between an assign step where each sample is assigned to its closest centroid and an update step cluster top down incontri each centroid is updated to become the mean of all the samples that are assigned to it. This iteration continues until some stopping criteria is met; for example, if no sample is re-assigned to a different centroid. The k-means algorithm makes a number of assumptions about the data, which are demonstrated in this scikit-learn example: The most notable assumption is that the data is 'spherical,' see how to understand the drawbacks of K-means for a detailed discussion. Agglomerative hierarchical clusteringinstead, builds clusters incrementally, producing a dendogram. As the picture below shows, the algorithm begins by assigning each cluster top down incontri to its own cluster top level. At each step, the two clusters that are the most cluster top down incontri are merged; the algorithm continues until all of the clusters have been merged.Navigation menu
We've got some tips over on the Atlassian Community. The reference space defines a speaker space to which feature vectors are projected, and the cosine measure is used as a distance matrix. What is the difference between region of interest and segmentation in k means clustering in image processing? We define the combination similarity of a singleton cluster as its document's self-similarity which is 1. The similarity between two clusters is then defined as the cross correlation between such vectors as. Normally a matrix distance between all current clusters distance of any with any is computed and the closest pair is merged iteratively until the stopping criterion is met. An empirically set threshold stops the iterative merging process. As stoping criterion, the minimization of a penalized version to avoid over-merging of the within-cluster dispersion matrix is proposed as. The pair-wise distance matrix is computed for each iteration and the pair with biggest BIC value is merged. A refinement stage composed of iterative Viterbi decoding and EM training follows the clustering, to redefine segment boundaries, until likelihood converges. On the speaker diarization part, it first classifies each cluster for gender and bandwidth in broadcast news and uses a Universal Background Model UBM and MAP adaptation to derive speaker models from each cluster.
Top down clustering is a strategy of hierarchical clustering. Hierarchical clustering (also known as Connectivity based clustering) is a method of cluster analysis which seeks to build a hierarchy of clusters. Progetto cluster top-down VIRTUALENERGY ruoli, modalità. Incontri trimestrali Obiettivo: informare le imprese sullo stato di avanzamento del progetto e recepire eventuali suggerimenti da parte dei partner tecnici ed economici interessati. Evento divulgativo intermedio Obiettivo: coinvolgere tutti i soggetti che partecipano al cluster e. Next: Top-down Clustering Techniques Up: Hierarchical Clustering Techniques Previous: Hierarchical Clustering Techniques Contents Bottom-up Clustering Techniques This is by far the mostly used approach for speaker clustering as it welcomes the use of the speaker segmentation techniques to define a clustering starting point. cluster policies established top-down by regional gov-ernments and initiatives which only implicitly refer to the cluster idea and are governed bottom-up by private companies. Arguments are supported by the authors’ own current empirical investigation of two distinct cases of cluster Author: Martina Fromhold-Eisebith, Günter Eisebith. | http://pizzapartyonline.com/69-cluster-top-down-incontri%20.php |
Words with system
How many words can we make from system?
24 words can be made from the letters in the word system.
What letters can go after T?
English Alphabet
|#||Capital Letter||Small Letter|
|19||S||s|
|20||T||t|
|21||U||u|
|22||V||v|
What is the synonym of system?
Some common synonyms of system are fashion, manner, method, mode, and way.
What is a antonym of system?
What is the opposite of system?
|cog||disorder|
|disorderliness||messiness|
|misorder||clutter|
|disorderedness||muddle|
|topsy-turviness||irregularity|
Which means synonym?
In this page you can discover 23 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for which, like: that, thus, therefore, for-which, whereby, so-that, to-some-extent, in this way, these, whatever and what.
What another word for would?
In this page you can discover 16 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for would, like: will, might, could, should, shall, do, can, may, would-be, will-you and cannot.
What is system in simple words?
1 : a regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole a number system : such as. a(1) : a group of interacting bodies under the influence of related forces a gravitational system. (2) : an assemblage of substances that is in or tends to equilibrium a thermodynamic system.
What does it mean when a person is a system?
A system is a collection of alters within one body. The entirety of a dissociative identity disorder (DID) system includes all of the alters within one body. Research suggests that males average 12 alters and females average 15 alters.
What is a system example?
Some examples include transport systems; solar systems; telephone systems; the Dewey Decimal System; weapons systems; ecological systems; space systems; etc. Indeed, it seems there is almost no end to the use of the word “system” in today’s society.
What type of word is system?
A collection of organized things; as in a solar system. A way of organising or planning. A whole composed of relationships among the members.
What are the types of system?
Types of Systems
- Physical or abstract systems.
- Open or closed systems.
- Deterministic or probabilistic systems.
- Man-made information systems.
What are the 5 types of system?
Everyone is involved with things called systems – information systems, financial systems, ecological systems, computer systems, education systems; and to this list I can add many things which are often called systems by professionals in a particular field.
What are the 3 types of systems?
Systems and surroundings
- An open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings. …
- A closed system, on the other hand, can exchange only energy with its surroundings, not matter. …
- An isolated system is one that cannot exchange either matter or energy with its surroundings.
What are 3 characteristics of a system?
Characteristics of Systems
- A system’s elements are not a collection of elements, but are interconnected to and affect each other. …
- All the elements in a system are organized in a specific manner to achieve the system’s goal. …
- A system will have a specific function in a larger system. …
- Systems have feedback.
What are two types of system?
There are two major types: NATURAL SYSTEMS and DESIGNED SYSTEMS. Natural systems range from subatomic systems to living systems of all kinds, our planet, the solar systems, galactic systems and the Universe.
What is natural system?
Definition of natural system
: a biological classification based upon morphological and anatomical relationships and affinities considered in the light of phylogeny and embryology specifically : a system in botany other than the artificial or sexual system established by Linnaeus. | https://virtualpsychcentre.com/words-with-system/ |
Communal/Landlord Area check
Are all communal areas in a good state of repair?
Decoration Acceptable standard?
Any bulbs out or any signs of Damage?
Timing/sensors working?
Are stairs and corridors adequately lit
Floor clear of obstructions and hazards?
Flooring / carpets damaged?
Bannisters secured and free of defects?
Nosing on stairs secure?
Is there a noticeboard present which displays the agreed YHG customer information/ is it up to date?
Is Flooring clean and in good state of repair?
Are communal areas free from litter and junk mail?
Are internal walls clean/free from marks, scuffs?
Are the cleaning attendance records signed and up to date?
Have any reports/complaints been made to the respective contract manager?
Are lifts and stairways clean and clear from hazards?
Have photos been taken of condition on date of inspection?
Storage cupboards
Tenant meters
Are Basement areas safe
Plant rooms
Guerder box
Is external lighting adequate and in working order?
Has the light been seen to illuminate or was just a visual inspection of the fitting carried out?
Are all external doors, gates, barriers & roller shutters fit for purpose, in good working order & adequate levels of security?
Is there any general rubbish or stored items which cause trip or fire hazard?
Means of escape Clear of obstructions?
Are all grid covers intact
Are all gutters visibly free from blockages/leaking?
Are all fences and external walls secure and free from damage?
Are all external footpaths clear and free from trip hazards?
Have the Grounds Maintenance contractors carried out their scheduled visit?
It is up to standard with all agreed areas maintained to a satisfactory standard?
Have any complaints/issues been reported to the respective contractor?
Fire Signage
Is suitable signage in place and clearly visible, to indicate the emergency procedures and external assembly points
Are all external areas, including car parks and grounds free from any fly-tipping, graffiti, litter and well-maintained?
Are all designated fire exits visible and provided with emergency lighting?
Exit secure and working?
Exits clearly signed, well lit, free of obstruction?
Is the communal key safe in working order with correct communal keys/fobs in place?
Do fire exit doors open in the direction of escape and are they all in good condition and open/ close properly using the self-closing devices & labelled 'fire door keep shut'
Is suitable signage in place and clearly visible, to indicate the emergency procedures and external assembly points
Are there any asbestos containing materials present?
Are there any signs of damage or disturbance? | https://public-library.safetyculture.io/products/facilities-and-compliance-inspection |
Computer scientists at the University of California at San Diego have developed a more precise navigation system that will allow robots to better negotiate busy clinical environments in general and emergency services more specifically. The researchers also developed an open source video dataset to help train robotic navigation systems in the future.
The team, led by Professor Laurel Riek and Ph.D. Student Angelique Taylor, detail their findings in an article for the International Conference on Robotics and Automation to be held May 30-June 5 in Xi’an , in China.
The project was born out of conversations with clinicians over several years. The consensus was that robots would best help doctors, nurses and emergency department staff by delivering supplies and equipment. But that does mean robots need to know how to avoid situations where clinicians are busy caring for a critically or critically ill patient.
“To perform these tasks, robots must understand the context of complex hospital environments and the people who work around them,” said Riek, who holds both computer and emergency medicine roles at UC. San Diego.
Taylor and his colleagues built the navigation system, the Safety Critical Deep Q-Network (SafeDQN), around an algorithm that takes into account the number of people gathered in a space and the speed and abruptness of those people. This is based on observations of the behavior of clinicians in the emergency department. When a patient’s condition worsens, a team immediately gathers around them to provide assistance. The movements of clinicians are fast, alert and precise. The navigation system orders the robots to move around these grouped groups of people, staying out of the way.
“Our system was designed to deal with the worst-case scenarios that can arise in an emergency,” said Taylor, who is part of Riek’s healthcare robotics lab in the computer science and engineering department of the ‘UC San Diego.
The team trained the algorithm on YouTube videos, mostly from documentaries and reality shows, such as “Trauma: Life in the ER” and “Boston EMS”. The set of more than 700 videos is available for other research teams to train other algorithms and robots.
The researchers tested their algorithm in a simulation environment and compared its performance to other advanced robotic navigation systems. The SafeDQN system generated the most efficient and secure paths in all cases.
The next steps include testing the system on a physical robot in a realistic environment. Riek and his colleagues plan to partner with researchers at UC San Diego Health who operate the campus healthcare training and simulation center.
The algorithms could also be used outside the emergency department, for example during search and rescue missions.
Source of the story:
Material provided by University of California – San Diego. Note: Content can be changed for style and length. | https://ashnews.org/2021/05/11/this-system-helps-robots-navigate-emergency-rooms-better-sciencedaily/ |
The show must go on for Michigan high school marching bands this fall, parents say.
Thousands have signed a petition circulating among parents and students urging Gov. Gretchen Whitmer to allow high school marching bands and dance teams to perform during football games.
“Please consider letting these kids shine just like the others are,” reads the petition, MHSAA: Let the Bands & Dance Teams Perform.
As of Tuesday, Sept.15 at 3:30 p.m., the petition had garnered 9,675 signatures with a goal of 10,000.
Related: The show goes on for Michigan high school marching bands, just not at games
The fall football season was reinstated by the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) on Sept. 3, nearly three weeks after originally postponing the sport to the spring of 2021.
The petition argues that band members should be allowed to perform their halftime show during high school football games.
Other performers such as dance teams or pom squads should also be welcomed back to Friday night football games, according to the petition.
“This leaves out other kids who have worked so hard to follow the rules in their practices,” the petition reads. “These kids deserve to have their time as well.”
Kristin Selwa, a parent in Livonia said she signed the petition because she wants to see her son perform in the drumline this fall.
“As a parent, I am 100% comfortable with having him there and participating with how they are handling things,” Selwa said of her son, a junior at Churchill High School.
Selwa said she signed the petition because it’s not fair that football and cheer can proceed but other activities can’t.
It’s “particularly frustrating since of any of the activities that have been permitted, marching band has the ability to keep socially distanced while performing and go about things in a safer manner than others,” Selwa said.
Players and coaches will be required to wear a face mask during the football games and the number of spectators will be limited this season.
The petition argues that students can play in the band while masked like athletes and can wait for halftime away from the football players or audience members.
Related: Five things to watch for this week with the start of high school football in Michigan
To help you navigate this complicated fall, we’re pleased to offer you a simpler way to get all of your education news: Our new Michigan Schools: Education in the COVID Era newsletter delivered right to your inbox. To receive this newsletter, simply click here to sign up.
Also on MLive: | https://www.mlive.com/news/2020/09/parents-petition-for-michigan-high-school-marching-bands-to-perform-this-fall.html |
Multilayer cladding by injection of high-speed steel powder with 0.82%C, 4.7%Mo, 6.4%W, 4.1%Cr, 2.02%V, 0.3%Mn, as chemical composition, in melted bath by CO2 continuous wave laser connected to x-y-z coordinate table was tested in order to increase the wear resistance and heat proving of tool active surfaces made of 0.45%C steel. Layers made by different laser running were characterized by macro and microstructure analysis, as well as phase quality analysis by X ray diffractometry, microhardening analysis and hardness finding on coated layer surface in order to establish the optimal cladding run. Lathe tools made by this procedure showed a good behavior when steel shaping. | https://arthra.ugal.ro/handle/123456789/5486?locale-attribute=de |
a physical vector quantity (E) that is a fundamental quantitative characteristic of an electric field. It is defined as the ratio of the force that the field exerts on an electric charge to the magnitude of the charge, assuming that the charge is sufficiently small so as not to change either the magnitude or the location of the charges that generate the field being studied. The electric field intensity of free space satisfies the superposition principle. According to this principle, the total field intensity at a given point is equal to the geometric sum of field intensities generated by the individual charged particles. For an electrostatic field, the electric field intensity can be represented as the gradient of an electric potential φ:E = —grad φ. In the International System of Units (SI), electric field intensity is measured in units of volts per meter. | http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Field+Intensity%2C+Electric |
Today 2nd grade acted out the story of Peter and the Wolf to the music by Prokofiev. We wil get to watch Ms. Smith perform it next week and check out another video of the story as well!
This summarized our unit on Instrument Families. Ask your students what the 4 orchestra families are (Srings, Woodwinds, Brass, Percussion) Also ask them what instruments belong in each familiy that we know so far.
Strings: Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass
Woodwinds: Flute, Clarinet, Oboe, Bassoon
Brass: Trumpet, Trombone, French Horn, Tuba
Percussion (anything you Strike, Shake, or Scrape): Xylophone, Snare Drum, Bass Drum, Triangle, Guiro, Bongos, Timpani, Hand Drum, Jingle Bells, Wood Block, Egg Shaker, and more! | https://www.squeakinproductions.com/single-post/2016/2/1/2nd-Peter-and-the-Wolf |
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The Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics at UCT will host the 62nd Annual Congress of the South African Mathematical Society during the period 2-4 December 2019. For more information, for more information visit our website http://sams2019.uct.ac.za/
The Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics is a large and dynamic department with over thirty permanent faculty members. We seek to make three new appointments at the level of Lecturer / Senior Lecturer. Applications in all areas of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics will be considered.
Research areas in the department include Algebra, Category Theory, Topology, Cosmology, Analysis, General Relativity, Non-Linear Dynamics, String Theory, Cryptography, Mathematical Biology, Differential Geometry, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Mathematics Education, Functional Analysis, Homology, Lie Theory, Geometric Measure Theory.
The Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics of the University of Cape Town is a large and dynamic department with research taking place in a wide range of directions: (non-associative) algebra, category theory, computational fluid dynamics, cosmology and gravitation, cryptography, dynamical systems, functional analysis, graph theory, group theory, mathematics education, partial differential equations, quantum gravity and string theory, (algebraic and categorical) topology.
Off to Madrid! Congratulations to PhD students Sulona Kandhai and Miguel Alfonzo Méndez together with Masters students Mariam Campbell and Juhi Hurgobin who will spend the next 5 months at the Autonomous University of Madrid, funded by the Erasmus+ programme.
2016 was a great year for teaching at UCT, at least if you go by the number of people that won a Distinguished Teacher Award (DTA).
Dr Jonathan Shock, who convenes a dreaded first-year mathematics course, was one of six awardees for 2016. This after 64 nominations were submitted for the coveted award. Yusuf Omar spoke to the senior lecturer in the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics about what makes his teaching tick.
Primes - numbers greater than 1 that are divisible only by themselves and 1 – are considered the ‘building blocks’ of mathematics, because every number is either a prime or can be built by multiplying primes together - (84, for example, is 2x2x3x7).
Their properties have baffled number theorists for centuries, but mathematicians have usually felt safe working on the assumption they could treat primes as if they occur randomly.
14 March is celebrated by some as the most exciting day in mathematics — when the date lines up in the numbers of the famous constant. But some people would rather it isn’t celebrated at all. | http://www.mth.uct.ac.za/news-35 |
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