text1
stringlengths
1
270
text2
stringlengths
3
2.46k
label
int64
0
1
idx
int64
0
105k
label_text
stringclasses
2 values
If identity is a virtual site, what do boundaries supply to the virtual site?
The concept of boundaries is useful here for demonstrating how identity works.
1
19,800
not entailment
In sign languages what are not represented as instances of speech sounds?
The principles of phonological analysis can be applied independently of modality because they are designed to serve as general analytical tools, not language-specific ones.
1
19,801
not entailment
What is the name of the private cemetery in Plymouth?
The mid-19th century burial ground at Ford Park Cemetery was reopened in 2007 by a successful trust and the City council operate two large early 20th century cemeteries at Weston Mill and Efford both with crematoria and chapels.
1
19,802
not entailment
Where was an experimental 6kV DC railway built?
There has, however, been interest among railroad operators in returning to DC use at higher voltages than previously used.
1
19,803
not entailment
About how many pupils took the bullying survey?
Over 40 per cent of school pupils in the city that responded to a survey claimed to have been the victim of bullying.
1
19,804
not entailment
When was fiber-optics first patented?
The photophone was a precursor to the fiber-optic communication systems which achieved popular worldwide usage in the 1980s.
1
19,805
not entailment
With what school did Bell get his next teaching job?
In the following year, Bell became professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at the Boston University School of Oratory.
0
19,806
entailment
Which element has a enthalpy of combustion at −286 kJ/mol?
Hydrogen gas (dihydrogen or molecular hydrogen) is highly flammable and will burn in air at a very wide range of concentrations between 4% and 75% by volume.
0
19,807
entailment
What is another name for an Ottoman miniature?
Ottoman illumination covers non-figurative painted or drawn decorative art in books or on sheets in muraqqa or albums, as opposed to the figurative images of the Ottoman miniature.
1
19,808
not entailment
Where was the destination of Kaleva?
On 14 June, while the world's attention was focused on the fall of Paris to Nazi Germany a day earlier, the Soviet military blockade on Estonia went into effect, two Soviet bombers downed the Finnish passenger aeroplane "Kaleva" flying from Tallinn to Helsinki carrying three diplomatic pouches from the US delegations in Tallinn, Riga and Helsinki.
0
19,809
entailment
In what year did the revenue of food and entertainment eclipse the output of industry?
One third of the city population worked in the service industry, .
1
19,810
not entailment
What developed along with the music developments of post-punk?
Post-punk is a heterogeneous type of rock music that emerged in the wake of the punk movement of the 1970s.
1
19,811
not entailment
According to a survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation, what percentage of parents want schools to discuss contraception with their children?
Multrine also states in her article that according to a March survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation, eighty-one percent of parents want schools to discuss the use of condoms and contraception with their children.
0
19,812
entailment
Who is depicted in Saint Catherine's Monastery on a mosaic landscape background?
On the upper wall Moses is shown in two panels on a landscape background.
0
19,813
entailment
What creatures did Bard experiment on?
Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing.
1
19,814
not entailment
What caused a setback in naive set theory at the beginning of 20th century?
Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory provided a series of principles that allowed for the construction of the sets used in the everyday practice of mathematics.
1
19,815
not entailment
Which English monarch knighted Popper?
Popper won many awards and honours in his field, including the Lippincott Award of the American Political Science Association, the Sonning Prize, the Otto Hahn Peace Medal of the United Nations Association of Germany in Berlin and fellowships in the Royal Society, British Academy, London School of Economics, King's College London, Darwin College, Cambridge, and Charles University, Prague.
1
19,816
not entailment
How much are total losses estimated to be from falling home prices?
Total losses are estimated in the trillions of U.S. dollars globally.
0
19,817
entailment
When was the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace signed?
The following year, Shimon Peres on behalf of Israel, and Mahmoud Abbas for the PLO, signed the Oslo Accords, which gave the Palestinian National Authority the right to govern parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
1
19,818
not entailment
What is the phenomenon that shows that the French have less heart disease, even though they eat more animal fat?
Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France.
1
19,819
not entailment
How much bigger is Mexico City's GDP's than Costa Rica's?
The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world.
1
19,820
not entailment
Where can the future of projectile based weapons possibly be found?
The future of projectile based weapons may be found in the railgun.
0
19,821
entailment
Whose property does the body of any wild animal killed or wounded become?
However, the Chief Wildlife Warden may, if satisfied that any wild animal from a specified list has become dangerous to human life, or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, permit any person to hunt such an animal.
1
19,822
not entailment
When was JFK shot?
Federal Records Centers are not open for public research.
1
19,823
not entailment
What is in position to gain control over the rule of law in Thailand?
According to Indian journalist Harish Khare, "The rule of law or rather the Constitution [is] in danger of being supplanted by the rule of judges."
0
19,824
entailment
Which class became a new military elite?
Gradually, the provincial upper class was transformed into a new military elite based on the ideals of the bushi (warrior) or samurai (literally, one who serves).
0
19,825
entailment
What secondary school did Nasser attend?
In 1928, Nasser went to Alexandria to live with his maternal grandfather and attend the city's Attarin elementary school.
1
19,826
not entailment
What are the fringes Orthodox men wear called?
Orthodox men wear a skullcap known as a kipa and often fringes called "tzitzit".
0
19,827
entailment
What did the British get a license to build?
The gun became so important to the British war effort that they even produced a movie, The Gun, that encouraged workers on the assembly line to work harder.
1
19,828
not entailment
False charges can be brought against a journalist who writes about what?
Seeking to harm enemies becomes corruption when official powers are illegitimately used as means to this end.
1
19,829
not entailment
What is one popular wrestling film?
There have also been many fictional depictions of wrestling; the 2008 film The Wrestler received several Oscar nominations and began a career revival for star Mickey Rourke.
0
19,830
entailment
How many record has Carrie Underwood sold since winning American Idol?
In May 2005, Carrie Underwood was announced the winner, with Bice the runner-up.
1
19,831
not entailment
How are the relationships within the group determined?
The evolutionary relationships and heredity of a group of organisms is called its phylogeny.
1
19,832
not entailment
What did Bell rework to send music?
After setting up his workshop, Bell continued experiments based on Helmholtz's work with electricity and sound.
1
19,833
not entailment
What video game console uses infrared LEDs?
LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice.
1
19,834
not entailment
When did John retake Rochester Castle?
In January 1216 John marched against Alexander II of Scotland, who had allied himself with the rebel cause.
1
19,835
not entailment
When were the timber export sanctions lifted for Liberia?
In 2003, additional UN sanctions were placed on Liberian timber exports, which had risen from US$5 million in 1997 to over US$100 million in 2002 and were believed to be funding rebels in Sierra Leone.
1
19,836
not entailment
What document was changed to cause a change in government?
In that year a general election was held; and a referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration.
1
19,837
not entailment
On which date was the Battle of Gravelotte?
It was fought about 6 miles (9.7 km) west of Metz, where on the previous day, having intercepted the French army's retreat to the west at the Battle of Mars-La-Tour, the Prussians were now closing in to complete the destruction of the French forces.
1
19,838
not entailment
How many users were paid for in 2004?
For example, in 2013, the US Army settled a lawsuit with Texas-based company Apptricity, which makes software that allows the army to track their soldiers in real time.
1
19,839
not entailment
On what date was Little Boy detonated?
Initially it was believed that uranium was relatively rare, and that nuclear proliferation could be avoided by simply buying up all known uranium stocks, but within a decade large deposits of it were discovered in many places around the world.
1
19,840
not entailment
How many New Yorkers are of Polish ancestry?
Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn.
1
19,841
not entailment
What problems did the elections face?
The Soviet authorities and the Korean Communists refused to co-operate on the grounds it would not be fair, and many South Korean politicians also boycotted it.
1
19,842
not entailment
Who published Du "Cubisme"?
attaqués par des ours (Mountaineers Attacked by Bears) now at Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Joseph Csaky's Deux Femme,
1
19,843
not entailment
What was Metrolite and Sav-o-flex materials primarily used for?
In 1931, RCA Victor introduced their vinyl-based Victrolac compound as a material for some unusual-format and special-purpose records.
1
19,844
not entailment
What team did Jeff Foley play for?
An Average Guy Plays in the Arena Football League and Lives
1
19,845
not entailment
What term do Italians use for DST that literally translates as "legal time"?
In Britain, Willett's 1907 proposal used the term daylight saving, but by 1911 the term summer time replaced daylight saving time in draft legislation.
1
19,846
not entailment
Are minority leaders usually experienced?
Like the Speaker of the House, the Minority Leaders are typically experienced lawmakers when they win election to this position.
0
19,847
entailment
What does the OA policy cover ?
In November 2014, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation announced that they are adopting an open access (OA) policy for publications and data, "to enable the unrestricted access and reuse of all peer-reviewed published research funded by the foundation, including any underlying data sets".
1
19,848
not entailment
Who did Rousseau stay with when visiting Britain?
Burke was a friend of David Hume, with whom Rousseau had stayed.
0
19,849
entailment
Where is the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum?
With remnants of the Holocaust and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States.
1
19,850
not entailment
On what date did the Olympic Flame get lit?
Greece: On March 24, 2008, the Olympic Flame was ignited at Olympia, Greece, site of the ancient Olympic Games.
0
19,851
entailment
What is the term for a pub that brews and sells its own beer?
This is usually a room or bar in the brewery itself, though the name may be applied to the nearest pub.
1
19,852
not entailment
Who did Northwestern merge with in 1873?
Northwestern admitted its first women students in 1869, and the first woman was graduated in 1874.
1
19,853
not entailment
In what ways can the gender of God be viewed?
Thus, in classical western philosophy the gender of this one-and-only deity is most likely to be an analogical statement of how humans and God address, and relate to, each other.
1
19,854
not entailment
What is the name of the French equivalent of GRECO?
Groupe d'Etats contre la corruption) was created.
0
19,855
entailment
What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to work with?
Viollet-le-Duc compiled and coordinated an Encyclopédie médiévale that was a rich repertory his contemporaries mined for architectural details.
1
19,856
not entailment
Beyonce has a fan base that is referred to as what?
The name Bey Hive derives from the word beehive, purposely misspelled to resemble her first name, and was penned by fans after petitions on the online social networking service Twitter and online news reports during competitions.
1
19,857
not entailment
What are the causes of secretory diarrhea?
The most common cause of this type of diarrhea is a cholera toxin that stimulates the secretion of anions, especially chloride ions.
0
19,858
entailment
When did Chopin last appear in public?
Chopin made his last public appearance on a concert platform at London's Guildhall on 16 November 1848, when, in a final patriotic gesture, he played for the benefit of Polish refugees.
0
19,859
entailment
Whose name is on the gate-house fronting School Yard?
His name is borne by the big gate-house in the west range of the cloisters, fronting School Yard, perhaps the most famous image of the school.
1
19,860
not entailment
What nationality was Remedios Varas?
Other painters came from abroad, such as Catalan painter Remedios Varo and other Spanish and Jewish exiles.
0
19,861
entailment
Who starred in the TV show segment "Eyes"
His first professional TV job came when he was hired to direct one of the segments for the 1969 pilot episode of Night Gallery.
1
19,862
not entailment
How did Bush try to make light of himself after being made fun of for his demeanor during the first debate?
Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."
0
19,863
entailment
Which English term is derived from the same root as the Greek, Arabic and Hebrew words for canon?
the Romance-language ancestors of the English word "cane").
0
19,864
entailment
What was the typical weekly pay of a worker in 1925?
Electrical recording preceded electrical home reproduction because of the initial high cost of the new system.
1
19,865
not entailment
What did the Congo's name become under Ngouabi?
Two years later, Yhombi-Opango was forced from power and Denis Sassou Nguesso become the new president.
1
19,866
not entailment
Why is zinc oxide useful in photocopying products?
The zinc zinc-oxide cycle is a two step thermochemical process based on zinc and zinc oxide for hydrogen production.
1
19,867
not entailment
As Chairman of the RCC, list the first two things that Gaddafi accomplished.
He outlined his Third International Theory that year, publishing these ideas in The Green Book.
1
19,868
not entailment
What famous French leader had established the Polish state at this time?
Fryderyk Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola, 46 kilometres (29 miles) west of Warsaw, in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, a Polish state established by Napoleon.
0
19,869
entailment
What agreement did the Belavezha Accords supersede?
On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR.
1
19,870
not entailment
What was Yeltsin doing on the tank?
Thousands of Muscovites came out to defend the White House (the Russian Federation's parliament and Yeltsin's office), the symbolic seat of Russian sovereignty at the time.
1
19,871
not entailment
In what century did Darwin write?
Darwin argued that emotions actually served a purpose for humans, in communication and also in aiding their survival.
1
19,872
not entailment
In what state is the Federal Correctional Complex in Terre Haute?
The method of execution of federal prisoners for offenses under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 is that of the state in which the conviction took place.
1
19,873
not entailment
What is Neptune's temperature in the thermosphere?
For reasons that remain obscure, the planet's thermosphere is at an anomalously high temperature of about 750 K.
0
19,874
entailment
What is lountza?
Other traditional delicacies of are meat marinated in dried coriander seeds and wine, and eventually dried and smoked, such as lountza (smoked pork loin), charcoal-grilled lamb, souvlaki (pork and chicken cooked over charcoal), and sheftalia (minced meat wrapped in mesentery).
0
19,875
entailment
How many days did the plane travel with the Torch team?
The plane traveled a total of 137,000 km (85,000 mi) for a duration of 130 days through 21 countries and regions.
0
19,876
entailment
When did America establish the Environmental Protection Agency?
Although the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was established in 1970 and amendments to the pesticide law in 1972, pesticide use has increased 50-fold since 1950 and 2.3 million tonnes (2.5 million short tons) of industrial pesticides are now[when?]
0
19,877
entailment
What became the dominant form of business organization?
The creation of a modern industrial economy took place.
1
19,878
not entailment
The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?
More than one million slaves were transported from the Upper South to the Deep South in the antebellum years, as cotton plantations were widely developed through what became known as the Black Belt.
0
19,879
entailment
Along with MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven, what ferry operates between Plymouth and the continent?
A regular international ferry service provided by Brittany Ferries operates from Millbay taking cars and foot passengers directly to France (Roscoff) and Spain (Santander) on the three ferries, MV Armorique, MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven.
0
19,880
entailment
How many ancient canons exist in the Western Church?
The Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons of the Same Holy Apostles is a collection of ancient ecclesiastical decrees (eighty-five in the Eastern, fifty in the Western Church) concerning the government and discipline of the Early Christian Church, incorporated with the Apostolic Constitutions which are part of the Ante-Nicene Fathers
0
19,881
entailment
What style of dress did Arab troops wear under Marwan II?
The Diwan of Umar, assigning annuities to all Arabs and to the Muslim soldiers of other races, underwent a change in the hands of the Umayyads.
1
19,882
not entailment
What does ASEAN mean?
All of the states except for East Timor are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
0
19,883
entailment
Who starred in 'Empire of the Sun'?
Reviewer Andrew Sarris called it the best film of the year and later included it among the best films of the decade.
1
19,884
not entailment
What nation did Giovanni da Verrazzano serve?
He claimed the area for France and named it "Nouvelle Angoulême" (New Angoulême).
0
19,885
entailment
What two notable guests were present during his premiere performance at Stafford House?
At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
0
19,886
entailment
What was the first university to offer courses in liberal arts?
Liberal arts were not offered until three years later at Capital University.
0
19,887
entailment
What countries agreed to a tripartisan agreement?
After Germany entered a Tripartite Pact with Japan and Italy, Ribbentrop wrote to Stalin, inviting Molotov to Berlin for negotiations aimed to create a 'continental bloc' of Germany, Italy, Japan and the USSR that would oppose Britain and the USA.
0
19,888
entailment
How many people can Nanjing Olympic Sports Center's gymnasium hold?
Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000.
0
19,889
entailment
Which decade did massive job losses happen in NYC due to industrial issues?
In the 1970s, job losses due to industrial restructuring caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.
0
19,890
entailment
What could be sued for under civil or criminal law?
Early court cases focused on the liability of Internet service providers (ISPs) for hosting, transmitting or publishing user-supplied content that could be actioned under civil or criminal law, such as libel, defamation, or pornography.
0
19,891
entailment
Where was the Ferranti Mark 1 sent to after it was developed?
Built by Ferranti, it was delivered to the University of Manchester in February 1951.
0
19,892
entailment
How much was casino revenue in 2006?
With casino revenue declining from $5.2 billion in 2006 to $2.9 billion in 2013, the state saw a drop in money from its 8% tax on those earnings, which is used to fund programs for senior citizens and the disabled.
0
19,893
entailment
Besides online gaming and media distribution, what other feature made the 360 influential, according to TechRadar?
TechRadar deemed the Xbox 360 as the most influential game system through its emphasis of digital media distribution, Xbox Live online gaming service, and game achievement feature.
0
19,894
entailment
What does HP stand for?
On January 8, 2004, Hewlett-Packard (HP) announced that they would sell HP-branded iPods under a license agreement from Apple.
0
19,895
entailment
How many numbers can a byte represent?
Each byte is able to represent 256 different numbers (28 = 256); either from 0 to 255 or −128 to +127.
0
19,896
entailment
What genre of movie did Beyonce star in with Cuba Gooding, Jr?
In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with.
0
19,897
entailment
Which group eats their acquired food in a day or two?
Immediate return foragers consume their food within a day or two after they procure it.
1
19,898
not entailment
What ailment did Harper Lee's mother suffer from?
Her father, a lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled, would die two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird.
1
19,899
not entailment